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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice has broken off negotiations to pay monetary damages to families who were forcibly separated at the border during the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The negotiations, which began in the early months of the Biden administration, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separations\">and have been reported on extensively by KQED\u003c/a>, were aimed at settling claims brought by migrant families who were separated by U.S. authorities while seeking to enter the country for asylum and other reasons — as part of the previous administration’s “zero tolerance” policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But government officials abruptly pulled the plug on all settlement talks on Thursday, Lee Gelernt, a lawyer at the American Civil Liberties Union and one of the lead negotiators, told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Lee Gelernt, ACLU attorney representing migrant families\"]‘We can see no reason for this other than this administration does not want to use any political capital to help these children. History will not judge this decision kindly.’[/pullquote]Gelernt said the Justice Department did not explain why it was walking away from the talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can see no reason for this other than this administration does not want to use any political capital to help these children,” Gelernt said. “History will not judge this decision kindly.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, the Department of Justice said the parties have been unable to reach a settlement, but “we remain committed to engaging with the plaintiffs and to bringing justice to the victims of this abhorrent policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/01/27/961048895/justice-department-rescinds-trumps-zero-tolerance-immigration-policy\">controversial immigration policy was dismantled\u003c/a> within Biden’s first week as president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In all, the Trump administration separated more than 5,000 families who crossed into the U.S. without visas. Under the policy, adults who entered the U.S. from the southern border were prosecuted for illegal entry. Because children cannot be imprisoned with adults, they were taken into separate federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government reports ultimately found the administration had no clear plan nor had it allocated resources to help reunite parents or guardians with their children when it implemented its zero-tolerance policy. Hundreds of families remain separated, and many more say they are still suffering the effects of the separation. And more than 100 have brought claims seeking monetary damages from the government, Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Republicans and Democrats eventually appeared united against the draconian policy, calling it a humanitarian failure. President Biden called it a “moral and national shame.” And settlement talks proceeded quietly behind closed doors for several months — until October, when The Wall Street Journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/biden-administration-in-talks-to-pay-hundreds-of-millions-to-immigrant-families-separated-at-border-11635447591?page=1\">broke the story\u003c/a> that financial compensation amounts could reach as high as $450,000 per person in some cases.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nAt that point, the negotiations became a political liability for Biden and his administration, who came under fire by Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers representing families who’d been torn apart, have insisted most settlement amounts would be far lower. But the story generated enormous outrage among GOP members, who tried to link the issue to the soaring number of arrests at the southern border. They argued that giving large cash settlements to migrant families would encourage more illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?516002-1/department-homeland-security-oversight-hearing\">hearing \u003c/a>on immigration last month, Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said he takes the entire concept of compensation as a personal affront.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you can imagine, many Americans think it’s a pretty outrageous idea to offer massive taxpayer-funded payments to illegal immigrants who broke our laws,” Grassley told DHS secretary Alejandro Mayorkas, blaming the Biden administration for the current immigration crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley noted that the families of service members who die on active duty receive a tax repayment of $100,000. “Under what circumstances, if any, do you think it’s appropriate for an illegal immigrant who broke our laws to receive more money from the government than the family of a fallen service member?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden administration officials and the president himself were asked frequently about the settlement talks, which appear likely to become a midterm election-year issue in 2022.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"family-separations\"]Lawyers representing the families say they’re deeply disappointed and contend everyone who was a victim of the zero-tolerance approach deserves recompense, including financial settlements. They also say the government could easily wind up spending even more money fighting these cases than if it had simply reached a settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Women’s Refugee Commission condemned the Justice Department’s move to pull out of the negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This move is a shameful, profound betrayal of the government’s responsibility to redress the harms of this heinous policy,” Katharina Obser, director of the group’s Migrant Rights and Justice program, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the U.S. can never undo what happened, we expected the Biden administration to engage in good faith with efforts for redress and repair,” she said, adding that “the cruelty of intentionally tearing families apart inflicted unspeakable and permanent trauma on children and their parents coming to the U.S. border seeking safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Hampton, deputy director of the Physicians for Human Rights Asylum Program, also noted the long-term effects of the separation on children. The organization has \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0259576\">documented\u003c/a> the psychological harms and trauma many have suffered, including PTSD, depression and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of bowing to right-wing ideologues, the Biden administration should pursue justice and accountability for the deeply traumatized children and parents who endured these atrocious acts perpetrated by the United States government,” Hampton said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration says it will continue to identify and reunify families that were separated under the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the ACLU is in negotiations with the administration over other issues, including the possibility of legal status for separated families. Those talks will continue, Gelernt said — but the termination of financial negotiations won’t make them any easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Justice+Department+breaks+off+talks+on+compensation+for+separated+families+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nAt that point, the negotiations became a political liability for Biden and his administration, who came under fire by Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers representing families who’d been torn apart, have insisted most settlement amounts would be far lower. But the story generated enormous outrage among GOP members, who tried to link the issue to the soaring number of arrests at the southern border. They argued that giving large cash settlements to migrant families would encourage more illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a Department of Homeland Security \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/video/?516002-1/department-homeland-security-oversight-hearing\">hearing \u003c/a>on immigration last month, Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, said he takes the entire concept of compensation as a personal affront.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you can imagine, many Americans think it’s a pretty outrageous idea to offer massive taxpayer-funded payments to illegal immigrants who broke our laws,” Grassley told DHS secretary Alejandro Mayorkas, blaming the Biden administration for the current immigration crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grassley noted that the families of service members who die on active duty receive a tax repayment of $100,000. “Under what circumstances, if any, do you think it’s appropriate for an illegal immigrant who broke our laws to receive more money from the government than the family of a fallen service member?” he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden administration officials and the president himself were asked frequently about the settlement talks, which appear likely to become a midterm election-year issue in 2022.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Lawyers representing the families say they’re deeply disappointed and contend everyone who was a victim of the zero-tolerance approach deserves recompense, including financial settlements. They also say the government could easily wind up spending even more money fighting these cases than if it had simply reached a settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Women’s Refugee Commission condemned the Justice Department’s move to pull out of the negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This move is a shameful, profound betrayal of the government’s responsibility to redress the harms of this heinous policy,” Katharina Obser, director of the group’s Migrant Rights and Justice program, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the U.S. can never undo what happened, we expected the Biden administration to engage in good faith with efforts for redress and repair,” she said, adding that “the cruelty of intentionally tearing families apart inflicted unspeakable and permanent trauma on children and their parents coming to the U.S. border seeking safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kathryn Hampton, deputy director of the Physicians for Human Rights Asylum Program, also noted the long-term effects of the separation on children. The organization has \u003ca href=\"https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0259576\">documented\u003c/a> the psychological harms and trauma many have suffered, including PTSD, depression and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of bowing to right-wing ideologues, the Biden administration should pursue justice and accountability for the deeply traumatized children and parents who endured these atrocious acts perpetrated by the United States government,” Hampton said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration says it will continue to identify and reunify families that were separated under the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the ACLU is in negotiations with the administration over other issues, including the possibility of legal status for separated families. Those talks will continue, Gelernt said — but the termination of financial negotiations won’t make them any easier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Justice+Department+breaks+off+talks+on+compensation+for+separated+families+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "US Resumes Trump-Era Policy Forcing Asylum-Seekers, Many in California, to Wait in Mexico",
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"content": "\u003cp>Migrants seeking to enter the United States will again have to stay in Mexico while they await immigration hearings, as the Biden administration reluctantly announced plans Thursday to reinstate the Trump-era policy and agreed to Mexico’s conditions for resuming it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move likely will affect thousands of migrants currently awaiting hearings in the California border cities of San Diego and Calexico, two of the seven locations being targeted. Migrants waiting in Nogales, Arizona, and the Texas border cities of Brownsville, Eagle Pass, El Paso and Laredo also will be relocated to Mexico, with the removal process expected to begin in one of those locations on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Revival of the “Remain in Mexico” policy comes even as the Biden administration maneuvers to end it in a way that survives legal scrutiny. President Joe Biden suspended the policy on \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-inauguration-day-one-d6637de1ce993d272108337c1030b79d\">his first day in office\u003c/a>, but a lawsuit by Texas and Missouri forced him to put it back into effect, subject to Mexico's acceptance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico’s foreign relations secretary said in light of U.S. concessions, Mexico will allow returns, expected to begin next week, “for humanitarian reasons and for temporary stays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's conditions for cooperation include COVID-19 vaccinations for all eligible migrants, more protection in dangerous Mexican border cities, better access to attorneys and quicker resolution of cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 70,000 asylum-seekers have been subject to the policy, which President Donald Trump introduced in January 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illegal border crossings \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-land-border-encounters\">fell sharply\u003c/a> after Mexico, facing Trump’s threat of higher tariffs, acquiesced in 2019 to the policy’s rapid expansion. Asylum-seekers experienced major violence while waiting in Mexico and faced a slew of legal obstacles, such as access to attorneys and case information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration also has kept in place another Trump-era policy that allows it to return Central Americans to Mexico on the grounds of preventing the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Homeland Security Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2021/12/02/dhs-justice-and-state-prepare-court-ordered-reimplementation-mpp\">said Thursday\u003c/a> that it was acting to comply with a court order but that Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas believes the policy “has endemic flaws, imposed unjustifiable human costs, pulled resources and personnel away from other priority efforts, and failed to address the root causes of irregular migration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Deeply flawed,” White House press secretary Jen Psaki said Thursday when describing the policy. “That's why we stopped enrolling individuals in the program on Day One, and subsequently issued a memorandum in June terminating the program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration issued another memo in October, trying again, unsuccessfully, to end the program.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"immigration\"]The dual announcements follow intense discussions between the U.S. and Mexico after U.S. District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk, a Trump appointee based in Amarillo, Texas, ordered the policy reinstated, subject to Mexico's participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy's new iteration, outlined in a briefing for reporters and a court filing Thursday, promises major additions and changes that Mexico demanded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult migrants subject to the policy will get the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, which requires only one shot. Children who are eligible under U.S. guidelines will get the Pfizer shot, with second shots when they come to the U.S. for their first hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. will try to complete cases within 180 days, in response to Mexico's concerns that they will languish. The U.S. Justice Department is assigning 22 immigration judges to work on these cases exclusively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. authorities will ask migrants if they fear being returned to Mexico instead of relying on them to raise concerns unprompted. If the migrants express fear, they will be screened and have 24 hours to find an attorney or a representative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration is working to ensure migrants' safety when they travel to and from court, including within Mexico. Some migrants returned from Eagle Pass, Laredo and Brownsville, which border Mexican cities with particularly high rates of violent crime, will be moved to locations with less violent crime further inside Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy will apply to migrants from Western Hemisphere countries. U.S. officials haven't said how many will be processed daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants will have an opportunity to meet with attorneys before each hearing. The U.S. State Department is working with Mexico on locations for video and phone access to attorneys in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes mirror many conditions that Mexico laid out last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vulnerable\" people will be exempt, including unaccompanied children, pregnant people, physically or mentally ill people, older people, Indigenous people and members of the LGBTQ+ community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Mexican government reaffirms its commitment to migrant rights as well as to safe, orderly, regulated migration,” Mexico’s foreign relations secretary said in a statement Thursday, confirming that the country accepted the Biden administration's changes and additions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blas Nuñez-Neto, acting U.S. homeland security assistant secretary for border and immigration policy, said in the court filing that the administration shares Mexico's concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico also is seeking money from the U.S. for shelters and other organizations to substantially increase support for migrants waiting in Mexico for their U.S. asylum hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton didn't immediately respond to a request for comment. Last month, the judge denied his request to declare that the Biden administration was flouting the court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paxton and Missouri Attorney General Eric Schmitt urged the judge to force the federal government “to live up to their duties by following the blueprint they previously followed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many U.S.-based legal aid groups that have represented asylum-seekers waiting in Mexico say they will no longer take such cases, raising questions about how the U.S. can satisfy Mexico’s insistence on better access to counsel. But administration officials say they believe there are enough other lawyers who will represent asylum-seekers sent back to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many immigration advocates say the policy is beyond repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ‘Remain in Mexico’ policy was a humanitarian disaster when it was first implemented, and it is doomed to be so again,” said Eleanor Acer, senior director for refugee protection at Human Rights First, which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/PubliclyReportedMPPAttacks2.19.2021.pdf\">documented violence\u003c/a> against asylum-seekers while they were waiting in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.N. refugee agency also renewed longstanding concerns on migrant safety and rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The announced adjustments to the policy are not sufficient to address these fundamental concerns,” the U.N. high commissioner for refugees said \u003ca href=\"https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2021/12/61a8eeef4/unhcr-comment-reinstatement-policy-endangers-asylum-seekers.html\">in a statement.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Darlene Superville contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Migrants seeking to enter the United States will again have to stay in Mexico while they await immigration hearings, as the Biden administration reluctantly announced plans Thursday to reinstate the Trump-era policy and agreed to Mexico’s conditions for resuming it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move likely will affect thousands of migrants currently awaiting hearings in the California border cities of San Diego and Calexico, two of the seven locations being targeted. Migrants waiting in Nogales, Arizona, and the Texas border cities of Brownsville, Eagle Pass, El Paso and Laredo also will be relocated to Mexico, with the removal process expected to begin in one of those locations on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Revival of the “Remain in Mexico” policy comes even as the Biden administration maneuvers to end it in a way that survives legal scrutiny. President Joe Biden suspended the policy on \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/joe-biden-inauguration-day-one-d6637de1ce993d272108337c1030b79d\">his first day in office\u003c/a>, but a lawsuit by Texas and Missouri forced him to put it back into effect, subject to Mexico's acceptance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico’s foreign relations secretary said in light of U.S. concessions, Mexico will allow returns, expected to begin next week, “for humanitarian reasons and for temporary stays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico's conditions for cooperation include COVID-19 vaccinations for all eligible migrants, more protection in dangerous Mexican border cities, better access to attorneys and quicker resolution of cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 70,000 asylum-seekers have been subject to the policy, which President Donald Trump introduced in January 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Illegal border crossings \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-land-border-encounters\">fell sharply\u003c/a> after Mexico, facing Trump’s threat of higher tariffs, acquiesced in 2019 to the policy’s rapid expansion. Asylum-seekers experienced major violence while waiting in Mexico and faced a slew of legal obstacles, such as access to attorneys and case information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration also has kept in place another Trump-era policy that allows it to return Central Americans to Mexico on the grounds of preventing the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Homeland Security Department \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2021/12/02/dhs-justice-and-state-prepare-court-ordered-reimplementation-mpp\">said Thursday\u003c/a> that it was acting to comply with a court order but that Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas believes the policy “has endemic flaws, imposed unjustifiable human costs, pulled resources and personnel away from other priority efforts, and failed to address the root causes of irregular migration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Deeply flawed,” White House press secretary Jen Psaki said Thursday when describing the policy. “That's why we stopped enrolling individuals in the program on Day One, and subsequently issued a memorandum in June terminating the program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration issued another memo in October, trying again, unsuccessfully, to end the program.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The dual announcements follow intense discussions between the U.S. and Mexico after U.S. District Judge Matthew Kacsmaryk, a Trump appointee based in Amarillo, Texas, ordered the policy reinstated, subject to Mexico's participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy's new iteration, outlined in a briefing for reporters and a court filing Thursday, promises major additions and changes that Mexico demanded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult migrants subject to the policy will get the Johnson & Johnson COVID-19 vaccine, which requires only one shot. Children who are eligible under U.S. guidelines will get the Pfizer shot, with second shots when they come to the U.S. for their first hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. will try to complete cases within 180 days, in response to Mexico's concerns that they will languish. The U.S. Justice Department is assigning 22 immigration judges to work on these cases exclusively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. authorities will ask migrants if they fear being returned to Mexico instead of relying on them to raise concerns unprompted. If the migrants express fear, they will be screened and have 24 hours to find an attorney or a representative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration is working to ensure migrants' safety when they travel to and from court, including within Mexico. Some migrants returned from Eagle Pass, Laredo and Brownsville, which border Mexican cities with particularly high rates of violent crime, will be moved to locations with less violent crime further inside Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy will apply to migrants from Western Hemisphere countries. U.S. officials haven't said how many will be processed daily.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants will have an opportunity to meet with attorneys before each hearing. The U.S. State Department is working with Mexico on locations for video and phone access to attorneys in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes mirror many conditions that Mexico laid out last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Vulnerable\" people will be exempt, including unaccompanied children, pregnant people, physically or mentally ill people, older people, Indigenous people and members of the LGBTQ+ community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Mexican government reaffirms its commitment to migrant rights as well as to safe, orderly, regulated migration,” Mexico’s foreign relations secretary said in a statement Thursday, confirming that the country accepted the Biden administration's changes and additions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blas Nuñez-Neto, acting U.S. homeland security assistant secretary for border and immigration policy, said in the court filing that the administration shares Mexico's concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico also is seeking money from the U.S. for shelters and other organizations to substantially increase support for migrants waiting in Mexico for their U.S. asylum hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The office of Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton didn't immediately respond to a request for comment. Last month, the judge denied his request to declare that the Biden administration was flouting the court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paxton and Missouri Attorney General Eric Schmitt urged the judge to force the federal government “to live up to their duties by following the blueprint they previously followed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many U.S.-based legal aid groups that have represented asylum-seekers waiting in Mexico say they will no longer take such cases, raising questions about how the U.S. can satisfy Mexico’s insistence on better access to counsel. But administration officials say they believe there are enough other lawyers who will represent asylum-seekers sent back to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many immigration advocates say the policy is beyond repair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ‘Remain in Mexico’ policy was a humanitarian disaster when it was first implemented, and it is doomed to be so again,” said Eleanor Acer, senior director for refugee protection at Human Rights First, which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/PubliclyReportedMPPAttacks2.19.2021.pdf\">documented violence\u003c/a> against asylum-seekers while they were waiting in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.N. refugee agency also renewed longstanding concerns on migrant safety and rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The announced adjustments to the policy are not sufficient to address these fundamental concerns,” the U.N. high commissioner for refugees said \u003ca href=\"https://www.unhcr.org/news/press/2021/12/61a8eeef4/unhcr-comment-reinstatement-policy-endangers-asylum-seekers.html\">in a statement.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press writer Darlene Superville contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "In Tijuana, Desperate Asylum Seekers Prepare for the Return of 'Remain in Mexico'",
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"content": "\u003cp>Perched on a wall near her tent, just feet from the border wall separating Tijuana and San Diego, Chantal tells me she fled Honduras two years ago because she was kicked out of her home by her father and later beaten on the streets because of her gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 23-year-old transgender woman, who wouldn’t give her full name because she’s afraid of being tracked down by Honduran gangs, has been living in a crowded migrant encampment in Tijuana for a month. And she’s intent on seeking asylum in the United States. She says she has family in the U.S., but that’s not why she’s trying to get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t approve of me either, because they’re very Christian,” she says, explaining that her gender identity isn’t in line with their beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Chantal says she was briefly abducted by a gang and has been beaten up on the streets of Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very dangerous to be waiting in Mexico, just as dangerous as it was living in Honduras,” she tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s been trying to enter the United States for months, but each time she’s been turned back because of a U.S. policy known as Title 42. That WWII-era public health statute, meant to prevent the spread of communicable disease, has been deployed during the pandemic to block almost all people — including most asylum seekers — from crossing the border without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chantal is still hoping to find safety in the U.S. At this point, though, the only route she can see is through the resumption of one of the most dangerous policies of the Trump administration, known as “Remain in Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From January 2019 to March 2020, more than 60,000 migrants were placed under Remain in Mexico, officially called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2019/01/24/migrant-protection-protocols\">Migrant Protection Protocols\u003c/a>, or MPP. The policy consigned many of these asylum seekers to waiting months in makeshift camps in Mexican cities with high crime rates along the border. [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"More coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, the group Human Rights First counted \u003ca href=\"https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/PubliclyReportedMPPAttacks2.19.2021.pdf\">more than 1,500 reports of rape, murder and other violence against asylum seekers\u003c/a> in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are living in conditions that are best described as prolonged episodes of The Hunger Games, while trying to fight their case,” said Nicole Ramos, a lawyer with Al Otro Lado, one of the few groups that provides legal services to migrants in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting in Mexican border cities is not only dangerous, she says, but makes it almost impossible to find legal representation in the United States. \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/migrant-protection-protocols#:~:text=Through%20the%20end%20of%20December,experienced%20extreme%20danger%20in%20Mexico.\">Only 7% of MPP asylum seekers had a lawyer\u003c/a>, contributing to less than 1% of migrants actually winning their asylum cases while enrolled in Remain in Mexico. By contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/asylum/\">closer to a third of asylum seekers overall won their cases during the same period\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Joe Biden campaigned on ending the MPP program, and in June his Secretary of Homeland Security issued a memo rescinding the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several states, including Texas, challenged the rescission in federal court. And in August, a Trump-appointed federal judge sided with the states and ordered the Biden administration to restart the program as soon as possible. The U.S. Supreme Court refused to intervene, allowing the Texas ruling to go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2021/10/29/dhs-issues-new-memo-terminate-mpp\">the Biden administration continues trying to terminate the program\u003c/a> in a way that will satisfy the courts, Homeland Security officials are also taking steps to reimplement Remain in Mexico, as ordered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, in an attempt to make the program as humane as possible, they convened a meeting with Al Otro Lado and other immigrant legal aid groups and asked them to provide assistance to asylum seekers in MPP. The organizations refused and walked out of the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not going to touch that program,” Ramos said. “We feel like our resources are better used conducting human rights monitoring and interviews … and looking at ways to destroy the program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials, meanwhile, have been negotiating with the Mexican government to resume receiving migrants under MPP in the next few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers in San Diego say they’ve been told by federal officials that immigration judges have been designated and courtrooms have already been set aside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Clark, the lead immigration attorney with Jewish Family Service of San Diego, says the resumption of a program they oppose leaves legal service providers in a difficult spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t make an inhumane program humane,” she said. “That’s the hard line for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be ways her organization will get involved to help asylum seekers who end up in the program. Once migrants are placed in Remain in Mexico, she says, there are a few things lawyers can try to get them out of the program and into the U.S., in spite of Title 42, to continue their asylum cases from a safer location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether in the future we’re involved with submitting parole requests … that’s something for us to consider,” Clark said.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nicole Ramos, attorney\"]‘People are living in conditions that are best described as prolonged episodes of The Hunger Games, while trying to fight their case.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Casa del Migrante shelter that sits on a hill beside the Tijuana River, lawyer Kathy Kruger says she will provide people with legal assistance if they are placed in Remain in Mexico. She works with migrants each day and knows their options are limited, and, she says, over the past two years, they’ve been given a lot of false hope about the asylum system along the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, the Biden administration began allowing people who had been in the original Remain in Mexico program to enter the U.S. and continue pursuing asylum from there. That approach ended with the Texas judge’s ruling this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now with Title 42, the public health policy, still blocking would-be asylum seekers from getting across the border, Kruger says she understands that some migrants may see a renewed Remain in Mexico program as their only hope to eventually win protection in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they still want to do it, you just have to try to facilitate them for a smooth way of doing it,” Kruger said. “Everything that they went through made them take that decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Tijuana migrant encampment, Chantal and others feel time is running out. There are plans to close the camp in the coming weeks and a fence has been built around it, meaning that no new migrants can enter the encampment, which has existed since February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chantal says she needs to take a step, any step, to begin her asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s asylum in the United States, then I have to ask for it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pulls out her phone to show me what she looks like when she feels most comfortable. In the photo, she’s wearing makeup, and a long dress. In Mexico, though, she’s sticking to a sweatshirt and jeans, and just a little eye shadow, trying to keep a low profile and avoid being attacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to dress like a woman, but I can’t here,” she tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knows that entering the Remain in Mexico program won’t get her out of Tijuana immediately, but it may be the only concrete step she has right now.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "In Tijuana, Desperate Asylum Seekers Prepare for the Return of 'Remain in Mexico' | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Perched on a wall near her tent, just feet from the border wall separating Tijuana and San Diego, Chantal tells me she fled Honduras two years ago because she was kicked out of her home by her father and later beaten on the streets because of her gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 23-year-old transgender woman, who wouldn’t give her full name because she’s afraid of being tracked down by Honduran gangs, has been living in a crowded migrant encampment in Tijuana for a month. And she’s intent on seeking asylum in the United States. She says she has family in the U.S., but that’s not why she’s trying to get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t approve of me either, because they’re very Christian,” she says, explaining that her gender identity isn’t in line with their beliefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Chantal says she was briefly abducted by a gang and has been beaten up on the streets of Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very dangerous to be waiting in Mexico, just as dangerous as it was living in Honduras,” she tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s been trying to enter the United States for months, but each time she’s been turned back because of a U.S. policy known as Title 42. That WWII-era public health statute, meant to prevent the spread of communicable disease, has been deployed during the pandemic to block almost all people — including most asylum seekers — from crossing the border without authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chantal is still hoping to find safety in the U.S. At this point, though, the only route she can see is through the resumption of one of the most dangerous policies of the Trump administration, known as “Remain in Mexico.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From January 2019 to March 2020, more than 60,000 migrants were placed under Remain in Mexico, officially called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2019/01/24/migrant-protection-protocols\">Migrant Protection Protocols\u003c/a>, or MPP. The policy consigned many of these asylum seekers to waiting months in makeshift camps in Mexican cities with high crime rates along the border. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time, the group Human Rights First counted \u003ca href=\"https://www.humanrightsfirst.org/sites/default/files/PubliclyReportedMPPAttacks2.19.2021.pdf\">more than 1,500 reports of rape, murder and other violence against asylum seekers\u003c/a> in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are living in conditions that are best described as prolonged episodes of The Hunger Games, while trying to fight their case,” said Nicole Ramos, a lawyer with Al Otro Lado, one of the few groups that provides legal services to migrants in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting in Mexican border cities is not only dangerous, she says, but makes it almost impossible to find legal representation in the United States. \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/migrant-protection-protocols#:~:text=Through%20the%20end%20of%20December,experienced%20extreme%20danger%20in%20Mexico.\">Only 7% of MPP asylum seekers had a lawyer\u003c/a>, contributing to less than 1% of migrants actually winning their asylum cases while enrolled in Remain in Mexico. By contrast, \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/asylum/\">closer to a third of asylum seekers overall won their cases during the same period\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Joe Biden campaigned on ending the MPP program, and in June his Secretary of Homeland Security issued a memo rescinding the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several states, including Texas, challenged the rescission in federal court. And in August, a Trump-appointed federal judge sided with the states and ordered the Biden administration to restart the program as soon as possible. The U.S. Supreme Court refused to intervene, allowing the Texas ruling to go into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2021/10/29/dhs-issues-new-memo-terminate-mpp\">the Biden administration continues trying to terminate the program\u003c/a> in a way that will satisfy the courts, Homeland Security officials are also taking steps to reimplement Remain in Mexico, as ordered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, in an attempt to make the program as humane as possible, they convened a meeting with Al Otro Lado and other immigrant legal aid groups and asked them to provide assistance to asylum seekers in MPP. The organizations refused and walked out of the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not going to touch that program,” Ramos said. “We feel like our resources are better used conducting human rights monitoring and interviews … and looking at ways to destroy the program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal officials, meanwhile, have been negotiating with the Mexican government to resume receiving migrants under MPP in the next few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawyers in San Diego say they’ve been told by federal officials that immigration judges have been designated and courtrooms have already been set aside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Clark, the lead immigration attorney with Jewish Family Service of San Diego, says the resumption of a program they oppose leaves legal service providers in a difficult spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t make an inhumane program humane,” she said. “That’s the hard line for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there may be ways her organization will get involved to help asylum seekers who end up in the program. Once migrants are placed in Remain in Mexico, she says, there are a few things lawyers can try to get them out of the program and into the U.S., in spite of Title 42, to continue their asylum cases from a safer location.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether in the future we’re involved with submitting parole requests … that’s something for us to consider,” Clark said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Casa del Migrante shelter that sits on a hill beside the Tijuana River, lawyer Kathy Kruger says she will provide people with legal assistance if they are placed in Remain in Mexico. She works with migrants each day and knows their options are limited, and, she says, over the past two years, they’ve been given a lot of false hope about the asylum system along the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, the Biden administration began allowing people who had been in the original Remain in Mexico program to enter the U.S. and continue pursuing asylum from there. That approach ended with the Texas judge’s ruling this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now with Title 42, the public health policy, still blocking would-be asylum seekers from getting across the border, Kruger says she understands that some migrants may see a renewed Remain in Mexico program as their only hope to eventually win protection in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they still want to do it, you just have to try to facilitate them for a smooth way of doing it,” Kruger said. “Everything that they went through made them take that decision.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Tijuana migrant encampment, Chantal and others feel time is running out. There are plans to close the camp in the coming weeks and a fence has been built around it, meaning that no new migrants can enter the encampment, which has existed since February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chantal says she needs to take a step, any step, to begin her asylum claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s asylum in the United States, then I have to ask for it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pulls out her phone to show me what she looks like when she feels most comfortable. In the photo, she’s wearing makeup, and a long dress. In Mexico, though, she’s sticking to a sweatshirt and jeans, and just a little eye shadow, trying to keep a low profile and avoid being attacked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to dress like a woman, but I can’t here,” she tells me.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knows that entering the Remain in Mexico program won’t get her out of Tijuana immediately, but it may be the only concrete step she has right now.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "chinese-immigrants-were-forced-out-of-eureka-in-1885-heres-how-locals-are-making-that-history-known",
"title": "Chinese Immigrants Were Forced Out of Eureka in 1885 — Here's How Locals Are Making That History Known",
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"headTitle": "Chinese Immigrants Were Forced Out of Eureka in 1885 — Here’s How Locals Are Making That History Known | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Chinese immigrants have played a pivotal role in shaping California throughout its history. During the mid-1860s, they built infrastructure like railroads and boosted economies with their businesses. Their efforts led to flourishing Chinatowns in cities like San Francisco and San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by 1882, anti-Chinese sentiment and policy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11877801/san-jose-had-5-chinatowns-why-did-they-vanish\">forced many out of the communities\u003c/a> they helped build. In Humboldt County, nearly all Chinese residents of Eureka were expelled in 1885.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, in Eureka, a small California port town just south of the Oregon border, local Chinese Americans and their allies are fighting to bring a more complete local history to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There used to be a Chinatown here,” said Brieanne Mirjah D’Souza, the coordinator for the\u003ca href=\"https://hapihumboldt.org/Eureka-Chinatown-Project\"> Eureka Chinatown Project\u003c/a>. “Not only a Chinatown, but a thriving, vibrant Chinatown, and it’s no longer here. We don’t even talk about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>D’Souza, who is Chinese American and West Indian, has been organizing to memorialize the city’s Chinatown. The historic block, which is bounded by F and E Streets, was home to hundreds of immigrants who came to work in Northern California before they were forced out by a mob of white settlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892110\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892110\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of a Chinese vendor carrying his goods is displayed inside the Clarke Historical Museum. \u003ccite>(Photo by Héctor Alejandro Arzate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We just wanted to put up a plaque saying Chinatown was here,” D’Souza said. “We were here, and we helped build modern-day Humboldt County and Eureka as we know it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With support from the city and the local\u003ca href=\"http://www.clarkemuseum.org/\"> Clarke Historical Museum\u003c/a> the effort has grown way beyond a simple plaque, D’Souza said. In late August, the city unveiled a large mural, titled “Fowl,” to pay homage to its former Chinese residents. The work was painted by Oakland artist Dave Kim and features a large mandarin duck, the silhouette of the former Chinatown, and a portrait of Ben Chin, a Chinese American Army veteran who opened Eureka’s Canton Cafe in 1954.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Eureka plan\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>On February 6, 1885, Eureka Councilmember David Kendall was walking near Chinatown when he was shot and killed in the crossfire of a shootout. Soon after, a crowd of about 300 mostly white people gathered at the city’s Centennial Hall. According to Katie Buesch, the director of the Clarke Historical Museum, the crowd grew angry and blamed Chinese “gangsters” for Kendall’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a precedent around the West to do things like burn down Chinatowns with the residents inside, running people out of town, boycotting Chinese businesses or employers who employed Chinese workers,” Buesch said. “Eureka went a different route.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892118\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892118\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buesch reviews a modified Sanborn map from May 1886. The Sanborn Map Company made detailed maps of cities to determine risks for insuring businesses against fire. \u003ccite>(Photo by Héctor Alejandro Arzate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A local white businessman who owned most of the block pleaded with the mob to spare his buildings. Instead, the crowd formed a committee of fifteen local leaders, which ordered all Chinese residents to leave Eureka within 48 hours. They arranged for ships to take the entire community down to the port of San Francisco and threatened anybody who stayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Buesch, the mob set up gallows nearby with signs that threatened to hang all who remained. She said they also hung effigies made to look like Chinese people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s called the ‘Eureka Plan,’ and it was replicated in many parts of Humboldt County and also in other areas around the West,” Buesch said. “It was touted as really successful, this ‘nonviolent’ way of removing people from places where they’ve lived for decades or many years, in some cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892103\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892103\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-1536x1038.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-2048x1384.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-1920x1298.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A black and white photo of Eureka’s Chinatown after its residents were forced out in 1885. \u003ccite>(Photo provided by the Clarke Historical Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Anti-Chinese expulsions and riots are well documented throughout the West, but Buesch said many of the details in Eureka have long been one-sided as a result of local newspapers celebrating the event for its nonviolence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a much deeper story and one that’s plagued with lots of issues around finding historical documents that really tell you the full accurate story,” Buesch said. “But how can it be nonviolent if you’re forcibly removing people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Wing Hing v. Eureka\u003c/em>, and the legacy of Charlie Moon\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892143\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 767px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11892143\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/WingHingpage1-e1634160892536.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"767\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/WingHingpage1-e1634160892536.png 767w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/WingHingpage1-e1634160892536-160x267.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The first page of Wing Hing v. The City of Eureka. The court case was brought on by 53 Chinese residents who were expelled from Eureka. \u003ccite>(Special Collections Digitized Publications at Humboldt State University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of the displaced Chinese residents were business owners who were forced to leave their property and savings behind, according to some historical documents. Rather than resign themselves to the financial loss, 53 residents filed a lawsuit for reparations — \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/archivepub/11/\">Wing Hing v. Eureka\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the first lawsuit for reparations filed by Chinese residents against a city, and it was a very big deal that it happened at all,” Buesch said. “The Chinese were found to not own any property because they weren’t legal citizens of the United States. So the case was thrown out against the city and the reparations were not made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the lawsuit was unsuccessful, Buesch said the resistance made by Chinese immigrants throughout Humboldt County is a crucial part of history that’s often left out. Meanwhile, D’Souza said other individuals who stood their ground should be celebrated, including one man named Charlie Moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He represents the Chinese people that stayed behind, that resisted and fought back in some way,” said D’Souza. “And that’s so important because this isn’t a victim story.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many immigrants who moved to Humboldt County, Moon found work in manual labor during the late 1800s, earning his keep as a ranch hand for a man named Tom Bair nearby in Redwood Creek. But soon after the expulsion, some men got word that Moon was still in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Buesch, the men showed up to the ranch carrying weapons and demanded that Bair give Moon up. Bair stood up for Moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The story goes that Tom Bair picks up a shotgun and said, ‘If you want, Charlie, you’ve got to get through me first,’” Buesch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Moon never left Humboldt County. When Bair and his wife died, Moon raised the couple’s children. He married a Native Chilula woman named Minnie Tom. Many of their descendants, like Yolanda Latham, still live in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latham said her great-great-great-grandfather — and others like him — built Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892105\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892105\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0.jpeg 1512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Moon poses for a photo. Date unknown. \u003ccite>(Photo provided by Yolanda Latham)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When you look around Humboldt County or any county in California, you have to ask yourself, how did they get that?” Latham said. “That was on the backs of the Chinese and the workers and the Native Americans that they had to move out of the way or use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latham said she sees Moon as a survivor. Still, she can’t help but think of the hardships he and his family went through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would love to say Charlie Moon had an amazing story, but he worked hard and he probably saw a lot of hard things and had to go through a lot of difficult moments,” Latham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>69 years later, Ben Chin\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Latham commends the Eureka Chinatown Project for its effort to acknowledge the hard truths in Humboldt’s past. She said it’s an especially crucial story to tell at a time of renewed anti-Asian violence throughout the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a beaming light that needs to be put on Humboldt County and the counties around here,” Latham said. “I think we need to be honest about the history. We need to be truthful about it and accept it. What’s done is done, but at least acknowledge it and memorialize it so that it’s not dismissed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>D’Souza said Humboldt County Chinese American history did not end after the expulsion. In 1954, a Chinese American Army veteran named Ben Chin moved to Eureka and opened up Canton Cafe. Although he wasn’t part of the group of residents who were forced out in 1885, he is thought to be the first Chinese American to settle in Eureka after nearly 70 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was the first to kind of come back and publicly say ‘I am Chinese, here is my Chinese restaurant and come and enjoy it,’” D’Souza said. “He did face a lot of discrimination when he came back. A lot of threats, a lot of just people badgering him, telling him to leave and close up shop. And he resisted. He stayed. That was a very courageous thing for him to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chin went on to open multiple restaurants in Eureka despite the hardships he faced. He died in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, less than three percent of Humboldt County identifies as Asian American. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/humboldtcountycalifornia,US/RHI425219\">latest census data\u003c/a>, that’s slightly fewer than 4,000 people in the entire county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some cities, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890341/san-jose-to-apologize-for-the-1887-burning-of-the-citys-chinatown\">San Jose, are apologizing for destroying Chinatowns\u003c/a> and displacing their residents. D’Souza said Eureka has not taken that action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve not received a formal apology in terms of the expulsion of 1885 and the decades of discrimination after that,” D’Souza said. “It’s so important to be able to see your culture and your history reflected in your community. And until this mural went up or until the Chinatown project really started, I can’t really say that I felt that way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees the support she’s received from local leaders as a tangible step in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892117\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892117\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brieanne Mirjah D’Souza, project coordinator for the Eureka Chinatown Project, points at a map of Eureka. \u003ccite>(Photo by Héctor Alejandro Arzate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Eureka Chinatown Project plans on establishing a new monument on the block within the next year. They are also working with the city to rename the alley after Charlie Moon. Eventually, they want to implement Chinese history in the local school curriculum. As a new mother, D’Souza said she’s hopeful for what the future holds for her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m excited for my son to be able to grow up one day and be able to come here and see this,” she said, “to feel included and to be part of the story being told in our community.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "Chinese Immigrants Were Forced Out of Eureka in 1885 — Here's How Locals Are Making That History Known | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Chinese immigrants have played a pivotal role in shaping California throughout its history. During the mid-1860s, they built infrastructure like railroads and boosted economies with their businesses. Their efforts led to flourishing Chinatowns in cities like San Francisco and San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by 1882, anti-Chinese sentiment and policy \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11877801/san-jose-had-5-chinatowns-why-did-they-vanish\">forced many out of the communities\u003c/a> they helped build. In Humboldt County, nearly all Chinese residents of Eureka were expelled in 1885.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, in Eureka, a small California port town just south of the Oregon border, local Chinese Americans and their allies are fighting to bring a more complete local history to the surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There used to be a Chinatown here,” said Brieanne Mirjah D’Souza, the coordinator for the\u003ca href=\"https://hapihumboldt.org/Eureka-Chinatown-Project\"> Eureka Chinatown Project\u003c/a>. “Not only a Chinatown, but a thriving, vibrant Chinatown, and it’s no longer here. We don’t even talk about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>D’Souza, who is Chinese American and West Indian, has been organizing to memorialize the city’s Chinatown. The historic block, which is bounded by F and E Streets, was home to hundreds of immigrants who came to work in Northern California before they were forced out by a mob of white settlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892110\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892110\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownDocuments-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photo of a Chinese vendor carrying his goods is displayed inside the Clarke Historical Museum. \u003ccite>(Photo by Héctor Alejandro Arzate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We just wanted to put up a plaque saying Chinatown was here,” D’Souza said. “We were here, and we helped build modern-day Humboldt County and Eureka as we know it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With support from the city and the local\u003ca href=\"http://www.clarkemuseum.org/\"> Clarke Historical Museum\u003c/a> the effort has grown way beyond a simple plaque, D’Souza said. In late August, the city unveiled a large mural, titled “Fowl,” to pay homage to its former Chinese residents. The work was painted by Oakland artist Dave Kim and features a large mandarin duck, the silhouette of the former Chinatown, and a portrait of Ben Chin, a Chinese American Army veteran who opened Eureka’s Canton Cafe in 1954.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>The Eureka plan\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>On February 6, 1885, Eureka Councilmember David Kendall was walking near Chinatown when he was shot and killed in the crossfire of a shootout. Soon after, a crowd of about 300 mostly white people gathered at the city’s Centennial Hall. According to Katie Buesch, the director of the Clarke Historical Museum, the crowd grew angry and blamed Chinese “gangsters” for Kendall’s death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was a precedent around the West to do things like burn down Chinatowns with the residents inside, running people out of town, boycotting Chinese businesses or employers who employed Chinese workers,” Buesch said. “Eureka went a different route.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892118\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892118\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/BueschePoints-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buesch reviews a modified Sanborn map from May 1886. The Sanborn Map Company made detailed maps of cities to determine risks for insuring businesses against fire. \u003ccite>(Photo by Héctor Alejandro Arzate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A local white businessman who owned most of the block pleaded with the mob to spare his buildings. Instead, the crowd formed a committee of fifteen local leaders, which ordered all Chinese residents to leave Eureka within 48 hours. They arranged for ships to take the entire community down to the port of San Francisco and threatened anybody who stayed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Buesch, the mob set up gallows nearby with signs that threatened to hang all who remained. She said they also hung effigies made to look like Chinese people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s called the ‘Eureka Plan,’ and it was replicated in many parts of Humboldt County and also in other areas around the West,” Buesch said. “It was touted as really successful, this ‘nonviolent’ way of removing people from places where they’ve lived for decades or many years, in some cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892103\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892103\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-800x541.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-800x541.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-1020x690.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-1536x1038.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-2048x1384.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/ChinatownLeft1885-1920x1298.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A black and white photo of Eureka’s Chinatown after its residents were forced out in 1885. \u003ccite>(Photo provided by the Clarke Historical Museum)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Anti-Chinese expulsions and riots are well documented throughout the West, but Buesch said many of the details in Eureka have long been one-sided as a result of local newspapers celebrating the event for its nonviolence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a much deeper story and one that’s plagued with lots of issues around finding historical documents that really tell you the full accurate story,” Buesch said. “But how can it be nonviolent if you’re forcibly removing people?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Wing Hing v. Eureka\u003c/em>, and the legacy of Charlie Moon\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892143\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 767px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11892143\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/WingHingpage1-e1634160892536.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"767\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/WingHingpage1-e1634160892536.png 767w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/WingHingpage1-e1634160892536-160x267.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The first page of Wing Hing v. The City of Eureka. The court case was brought on by 53 Chinese residents who were expelled from Eureka. \u003ccite>(Special Collections Digitized Publications at Humboldt State University)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many of the displaced Chinese residents were business owners who were forced to leave their property and savings behind, according to some historical documents. Rather than resign themselves to the financial loss, 53 residents filed a lawsuit for reparations — \u003ca href=\"https://digitalcommons.humboldt.edu/archivepub/11/\">Wing Hing v. Eureka\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was the first lawsuit for reparations filed by Chinese residents against a city, and it was a very big deal that it happened at all,” Buesch said. “The Chinese were found to not own any property because they weren’t legal citizens of the United States. So the case was thrown out against the city and the reparations were not made.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the lawsuit was unsuccessful, Buesch said the resistance made by Chinese immigrants throughout Humboldt County is a crucial part of history that’s often left out. Meanwhile, D’Souza said other individuals who stood their ground should be celebrated, including one man named Charlie Moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He represents the Chinese people that stayed behind, that resisted and fought back in some way,” said D’Souza. “And that’s so important because this isn’t a victim story.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many immigrants who moved to Humboldt County, Moon found work in manual labor during the late 1800s, earning his keep as a ranch hand for a man named Tom Bair nearby in Redwood Creek. But soon after the expulsion, some men got word that Moon was still in Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Buesch, the men showed up to the ranch carrying weapons and demanded that Bair give Moon up. Bair stood up for Moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The story goes that Tom Bair picks up a shotgun and said, ‘If you want, Charlie, you’ve got to get through me first,’” Buesch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charlie Moon never left Humboldt County. When Bair and his wife died, Moon raised the couple’s children. He married a Native Chilula woman named Minnie Tom. Many of their descendants, like Yolanda Latham, still live in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latham said her great-great-great-grandfather — and others like him — built Humboldt County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892105\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892105\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-800x1067.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-800x1067.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-1020x1360.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-160x213.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0-1152x1536.jpeg 1152w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/image0.jpeg 1512w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlie Moon poses for a photo. Date unknown. \u003ccite>(Photo provided by Yolanda Latham)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When you look around Humboldt County or any county in California, you have to ask yourself, how did they get that?” Latham said. “That was on the backs of the Chinese and the workers and the Native Americans that they had to move out of the way or use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Latham said she sees Moon as a survivor. Still, she can’t help but think of the hardships he and his family went through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would love to say Charlie Moon had an amazing story, but he worked hard and he probably saw a lot of hard things and had to go through a lot of difficult moments,” Latham said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>69 years later, Ben Chin\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Latham commends the Eureka Chinatown Project for its effort to acknowledge the hard truths in Humboldt’s past. She said it’s an especially crucial story to tell at a time of renewed anti-Asian violence throughout the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like a beaming light that needs to be put on Humboldt County and the counties around here,” Latham said. “I think we need to be honest about the history. We need to be truthful about it and accept it. What’s done is done, but at least acknowledge it and memorialize it so that it’s not dismissed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>D’Souza said Humboldt County Chinese American history did not end after the expulsion. In 1954, a Chinese American Army veteran named Ben Chin moved to Eureka and opened up Canton Cafe. Although he wasn’t part of the group of residents who were forced out in 1885, he is thought to be the first Chinese American to settle in Eureka after nearly 70 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He was the first to kind of come back and publicly say ‘I am Chinese, here is my Chinese restaurant and come and enjoy it,’” D’Souza said. “He did face a lot of discrimination when he came back. A lot of threats, a lot of just people badgering him, telling him to leave and close up shop. And he resisted. He stayed. That was a very courageous thing for him to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chin went on to open multiple restaurants in Eureka despite the hardships he faced. He died in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, less than three percent of Humboldt County identifies as Asian American. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/humboldtcountycalifornia,US/RHI425219\">latest census data\u003c/a>, that’s slightly fewer than 4,000 people in the entire county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some cities, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11890341/san-jose-to-apologize-for-the-1887-burning-of-the-citys-chinatown\">San Jose, are apologizing for destroying Chinatowns\u003c/a> and displacing their residents. D’Souza said Eureka has not taken that action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve not received a formal apology in terms of the expulsion of 1885 and the decades of discrimination after that,” D’Souza said. “It’s so important to be able to see your culture and your history reflected in your community. And until this mural went up or until the Chinatown project really started, I can’t really say that I felt that way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She sees the support she’s received from local leaders as a tangible step in the right direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11892117\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11892117\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/10/Brieanne-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brieanne Mirjah D’Souza, project coordinator for the Eureka Chinatown Project, points at a map of Eureka. \u003ccite>(Photo by Héctor Alejandro Arzate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Eureka Chinatown Project plans on establishing a new monument on the block within the next year. They are also working with the city to rename the alley after Charlie Moon. Eventually, they want to implement Chinese history in the local school curriculum. As a new mother, D’Souza said she’s hopeful for what the future holds for her son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m excited for my son to be able to grow up one day and be able to come here and see this,” she said, “to feel included and to be part of the story being told in our community.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents will no longer conduct mass raids on workplaces where undocumented immigrants are employed, according to a new order by Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Alejandro Mayorkas, homeland security secretary\"]‘We will not tolerate unscrupulous employers who exploit unauthorized workers.’[/pullquote]The real problem, Mayorkas said in a memorandum released Tuesday, are “exploitative employers,” not unauthorized workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump-era raids became tools for suppression, DHS says\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under the previous administration, these resource-intensive operations resulted in the simultaneous arrest of hundreds of workers,” DHS said about the change. While the raids attracted attention and made headlines, the agency says they “were used as a tool by exploitative employers to suppress and retaliate against workers’ assertion of labor laws.”\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nThe announcement is part of a shift in strategy under the Biden administration that puts a new emphasis on going after businesses and employers that violate labor laws. In addition to halting mass raids, it supports the idea of exercising prosecutorial discretion to spare workers from charges if they witness or are the victims of abuse or exploitation in the workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will not tolerate unscrupulous employers who exploit unauthorized workers, conduct illegal activities, or impose unsafe working conditions,” Mayorkas said in a news release about the shift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By adopting policies that focus on the most unscrupulous employers,” he said, “we will protect workers as well as legitimate American businesses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration advocacy groups welcomed the policy shift, although groups such as the National Partnership for New Americans also renewed their call for permanent reform, including legal protections for millions of undocumented immigrants brought to the U.S. as children and those with temporary protected status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='More Coverage' tag='immigration']“We also ask Congress to act courageously and swiftly to include funds in the reconciliation package to provide a pathway to citizenship for Dreamers, TPS holders, farm workers and essential workers,” said Nicole Melaku, the group’s executive director, in an email to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Trump administration, ICE carried out several massive workplace raids that the then-president touted as a centerpiece of his crackdown on undocumented immigration. One operation in 2018 resulted in the arrest of 146 employees at a meat processing company in northeast Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That raid was followed by an operation in August 2019 in which ICE agents arrested approximately 680 people at food processing plants in Mississippi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around that same period, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760782/attorneys-at-least-22-immigrants-arrested-in-bay-area-this-week-as-thousands-fear-ice-raids\">immigration attorneys shared with KQED\u003c/a> that at least 22 people were arrested by immigration authorities in the Bay Area within the span of a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11805331/california-is-a-sanctuary-state-but-some-police-arent-following-the-law-attorneys-say\">California became a so-called “sanctuary state”\u003c/a> after it passed SB 54, which limits local law enforcement’s ability to cooperate with federal immigration authorities to cases of serious convicted criminals and to inquire about an individual’s immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Farida Jhabvala Romero.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We also ask Congress to act courageously and swiftly to include funds in the reconciliation package to provide a pathway to citizenship for Dreamers, TPS holders, farm workers and essential workers,” said Nicole Melaku, the group’s executive director, in an email to NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the Trump administration, ICE carried out several massive workplace raids that the then-president touted as a centerpiece of his crackdown on undocumented immigration. One operation in 2018 resulted in the arrest of 146 employees at a meat processing company in northeast Ohio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That raid was followed by an operation in August 2019 in which ICE agents arrested approximately 680 people at food processing plants in Mississippi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around that same period, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11760782/attorneys-at-least-22-immigrants-arrested-in-bay-area-this-week-as-thousands-fear-ice-raids\">immigration attorneys shared with KQED\u003c/a> that at least 22 people were arrested by immigration authorities in the Bay Area within the span of a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11805331/california-is-a-sanctuary-state-but-some-police-arent-following-the-law-attorneys-say\">California became a so-called “sanctuary state”\u003c/a> after it passed SB 54, which limits local law enforcement’s ability to cooperate with federal immigration authorities to cases of serious convicted criminals and to inquire about an individual’s immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Farida Jhabvala Romero.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration has unveiled \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/30/1042008490/the-white-house-rolls-out-new-guidelines-for-ice-but-defends-trump-era-policy\">new guidelines this week for federal immigration enforcement\u003c/a> that prioritize the most urgent threats to public safety, while still leaving discretion in the hands of individual officers and agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have done is we have guided our workforce to exercise its discretion to focus on individuals who pose a threat to national security, public safety and border security,” Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new guidance, outlined in a memo from Mayorkas to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and other agencies, simply being present in the U.S. without legal authorization “should not alone be the basis” for immigration authorities to arrest or deport someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, ICE became the de facto face of former President Donald Trump’s immigration crackdown, as agents were free to arrest anyone they encountered who was in the country illegally. With these new guidelines, the Biden administration is trying to distance itself from those policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is an “incontrovertible fact,” Mayorkas said, that “the majority of undocumented individuals … have contributed so significantly to our communities across the country for years. They include individuals who have worked on the front lines in the battle against COVID, teach our children, do the backbreaking farm work to help deliver food to our table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as with many of the Biden administration’s immigration policies, the new rules were quickly attacked from all sides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines “sit somewhere between lunacy and anarchy,” said Jon Feere, a former ICE chief of staff during the Trump administration who is now at the Center for Immigration Studies in Washington, which advocates for lower levels of immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label-\"related coverage\" tag=\"immigration\"]“But smugglers and traffickers must be happy,” he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JonFeere/status/1443681099729809408\">wrote in a tweet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidance largely mirrors the enforcement priorities laid out in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/18/969083367/biden-tells-ice-to-chill-new-rules-limit-who-immigration-agents-target-for-arres\">interim guidance from the Biden administration earlier this year\u003c/a>. But after criticism from Republicans and immigration hard-liners, the final guidance gives more leeway to individual ICE agents to make decisions about who is a threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates worry that open-ended language could lead to abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This new guidance memo falls short of the Biden administration’s commitments and promises to create a fair and humane immigration system,” said Yaritza Mendez, with the pro-immigration advocacy group Make the Road New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Left to use their own discretion, agencies like ICE have an alarming history of terrorizing, detaining and separating communities. We cannot continue to build on a system that inflicts harm on our immigrant communities,” Mendez said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But DHS Secretary Mayorkas pushed back on those concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, it leaves discretion in the hands of the agents. But that discretion is guided. It is supervised. It is managed. It is overseen,” Mayorkas told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said ICE officers should look at a wide range of factors when deciding whom to arrest and deport — and that DHS would put safeguards in place to ensure that they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will hold ourselves accountable internally, and we will hold ourselves accountable to the public externally,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+Immigration+Enforcement+Guidelines+Focus+On+Threats+To+Public+Safety&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Under the new guidance to ICE and other agencies, simply being present in the U.S. without legal authorization \"should not alone be the basis\" for immigration authorities to arrest or deport someone.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Biden administration has unveiled \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/30/1042008490/the-white-house-rolls-out-new-guidelines-for-ice-but-defends-trump-era-policy\">new guidelines this week for federal immigration enforcement\u003c/a> that prioritize the most urgent threats to public safety, while still leaving discretion in the hands of individual officers and agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have done is we have guided our workforce to exercise its discretion to focus on individuals who pose a threat to national security, public safety and border security,” Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the new guidance, outlined in a memo from Mayorkas to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement and other agencies, simply being present in the U.S. without legal authorization “should not alone be the basis” for immigration authorities to arrest or deport someone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, ICE became the de facto face of former President Donald Trump’s immigration crackdown, as agents were free to arrest anyone they encountered who was in the country illegally. With these new guidelines, the Biden administration is trying to distance itself from those policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is an “incontrovertible fact,” Mayorkas said, that “the majority of undocumented individuals … have contributed so significantly to our communities across the country for years. They include individuals who have worked on the front lines in the battle against COVID, teach our children, do the backbreaking farm work to help deliver food to our table.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“But smugglers and traffickers must be happy,” he \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/JonFeere/status/1443681099729809408\">wrote in a tweet\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidance largely mirrors the enforcement priorities laid out in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/02/18/969083367/biden-tells-ice-to-chill-new-rules-limit-who-immigration-agents-target-for-arres\">interim guidance from the Biden administration earlier this year\u003c/a>. But after criticism from Republicans and immigration hard-liners, the final guidance gives more leeway to individual ICE agents to make decisions about who is a threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates worry that open-ended language could lead to abuse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This new guidance memo falls short of the Biden administration’s commitments and promises to create a fair and humane immigration system,” said Yaritza Mendez, with the pro-immigration advocacy group Make the Road New York.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Left to use their own discretion, agencies like ICE have an alarming history of terrorizing, detaining and separating communities. We cannot continue to build on a system that inflicts harm on our immigrant communities,” Mendez said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But DHS Secretary Mayorkas pushed back on those concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, it leaves discretion in the hands of the agents. But that discretion is guided. It is supervised. It is managed. It is overseen,” Mayorkas told NPR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said ICE officers should look at a wide range of factors when deciding whom to arrest and deport — and that DHS would put safeguards in place to ensure that they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will hold ourselves accountable internally, and we will hold ourselves accountable to the public externally,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=New+Immigration+Enforcement+Guidelines+Focus+On+Threats+To+Public+Safety&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'I Know Exactly What You Feel': Bay Area Afghans Work Overtime to Welcome New Refugees",
"title": "'I Know Exactly What You Feel': Bay Area Afghans Work Overtime to Welcome New Refugees",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a recent morning at the Concord office of \u003ca href=\"https://jfcs-eastbay.org/urgent-afghan-evacuation/\">Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay\u003c/a>, staff members filled an enormous laundry cart with basic supplies for a new household — a family of seven, just arrived from Afghanistan. They loaded up new pillows, sheets, comforters, towel sets, pots and pans, and a microwave oven still in the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he helped wheel the cart to an elevator and out to the street, the father of the family looked bleary. He said they had gotten on a flight out of Kabul on Aug. 27, the day after a suicide bombing at the airport killed at least 175, and then spent over a week in transit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he had worked for U.S. Army Special Forces as an interpreter, and asked not to be identified because he feared the Taliban could harm his relatives back home if they knew he had left the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man, his wife and their five children are among at least 2,000 Afghan evacuees who have arrived in California since July — most coming to the Bay Area and Sacramento. The East Bay office of JFCS has resettled 137.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the new arrivals begin to put the pieces of their lives together, the established Afghan community here is stepping up to help. It turns out Afghans who call Northern California home know a lot about what the newcomers are going through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re helping them, the same as if they were our family or our friends,” said Ashraf Hussain, the JFCS case manager who pushed the cart to the curb. “I feel so happy when I’m helping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890515\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890515 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a mask pulls against a doorframe to help himself pull a massive laundry cart on wheels laden with items in black garbage bags through it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walid Aziz (L) and Ashraf Hussain from Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay bring household goods from the organization's offices in Concord on Sept. 10, 2021, to a family who recently arrived from Afghanistan. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hussain loaded the bedding and kitchenware into a U-Haul, along with donated mattresses and furniture. He says when he arrived from Afghanistan in 2017, he did not get connected with a resettlement agency and had to fend for himself. Now, he wants his clients to have an easier path.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hussain also was a U.S. Army interpreter. And, like this new family, he arrived on a \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/immigrate/special-immg-visa-afghans-employed-us-gov.html\">special immigrant visa\u003c/a>, which qualifies recipients for refugee benefits. Hussain’s job is to help this new family apply for food stamps and Medi-Cal, find housing in the costly Bay Area and enroll the kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Establishing stability for families fleeing chaos\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Typically, Afghans airlifted out of Kabul were flown to Qatar and then to U.S. military bases in Germany, Italy or Uganda, says Fouzia Azizi, JFCS's director of refugee services. From there they travel to bases in the U.S. where they get medical screenings, coronavirus vaccinations and paperwork processed. Jewish Family and Community Services estimates that there are currently more than 53,000 Afghan evacuees at military bases in the U.S. and at least another 12,000 who will eventually arrive here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Azizi says all the practical help Hussain and other staff members provide is the first step to establishing stability for families who have fled chaos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890505 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two women and a man sit at a table in a conference room, two with papers in front of them and one on a laptop. On the wall is a large framed print of a bouquet in a vase.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fouzia Azizi (R), director of refugee services, meets with her team at Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay in Concord on Sept. 10, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There's trauma involved. There’s fear involved. And the anxiety level is so high,” she said. “Folks that are getting here, they are extremely overwhelmed due to the long process. ... And also, they left their loved ones at home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new arrivals need more than beds and kitchenware. They need a sense of connection and emotional support, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11887630,news_11889134,news_11885170\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be in touch with somebody that has a similar culture and also went through a similar experience,” she said. “It's a huge difference when you come and you have community members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her staff at Jewish Family and Community Services works with refugees from Guatemala, Burma, Eritrea and elsewhere around the globe. But many case managers in the agency’s Concord office are Afghans who came to the Bay Area over the past four decades of war and upheaval in their homeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Azizi herself knows firsthand what these new families are feeling. She was a refugee once, too, fleeing Afghanistan with her family in 1994.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Islamic regime came to power and my house was put on fire. We left our house in the middle of the night,” she said. “And when I see my clients, and sometimes they are trying to explain their situation, I just say, ‘You don't need to tell me. I have been there ... And I know exactly what you feel.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Afghan diaspora steps up to support new arrivals\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s not just refugee resettlement agencies that are reaching out to help the new arrivals. Across the Bay Area’s Afghan diaspora, community groups are raising money and organizing volunteers. And the cities of \u003ca href=\"https://www.fremont.gov/4058/Afghan-Refugee-Help\">Fremont\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://hayward-ca.gov/residents/equity-inclusion/afghan-relief-and-assistance-efforts\">Hayward\u003c/a>, home to long-established Afghan communities, are collecting donations and coordinating legal aid and other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the Afghans that have been working with me have slept very little in the last couple of weeks,” said Aisha Wahab, a Hayward city councilmember who is the daughter of Afghan refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Aisha Wahab, Hayward city councilmember\"]'Kids bounce back pretty quickly. The concern that a lot of us tend to have is with the women. Women still have to be under these rigid cultural norms. ... They may not be able to potentially get a job or they may not have been educated even in Afghanistan. So the acclimation for Afghan women coming to the U.S. is going to be far more important and far more difficult than for pretty much anybody else.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s seeing dozens of young Afghan Americans like herself taking time off from their jobs to pitch in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a friend who right now is volunteering with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.afghancoalition.org/\">Afghan Coalition\u003c/a>. She is taking a solid month off. I have another friend who took two months off providing mental health services and translation,” Wahab said. “You have a lot of these young Afghans who have been deeply affected by their parents’ story ... and are saying that we are going to ease the arrival.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the Afghans now arriving on special immigrant visas are here because they worked for the U.S. And Wahab says that means many men, at least, already speak English, but their wives and children may not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids bounce back pretty quickly. The concern that a lot of us tend to have is with the women,” she said. “Women still have to be under these rigid cultural norms. ... They may not be able to potentially get a job or they may not have been educated even in Afghanistan. So the acclimation for Afghan women coming to the U.S. is going to be far more important and far more difficult than for pretty much anybody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Assisting new refugees by drawing on personal displacement experiences\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Nazia Gabar arrived in the Bay Area in 2017 with her husband and baby, she did speak English. She was a professional woman who had worked for the U.S. government in Kabul. But the transition was still tough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One morning earlier this month, Gabar perched on the sofa in her small, tidy apartment in a San Leandro housing development right beside the freeway and talked about those early days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890528\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890528 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing an orange salwar kameez and black hijab sits at a kitchen table typing on a laptop. A boy, age 4, sits right behind her on the chair.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While Nazia Gabar teaches English classes to women from Afghanistan who have resettled in the United States, one of her sons sits behind her at their home in San Leandro on Sept. 8, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“At first it's very difficult to adapt to a new culture, a new environment, new people,” she said. “At that time when we came, we were very stressful about everything because there was no home and no jobs. We didn't have any money and the rent was very high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, some friends from Kabul had made the move a couple of years earlier and helped them get established. Gabar says even Afghans they had barely met were generous, offering rides and sharing suggestions about where to find a job or an apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Gabar works part time as a bookkeeper and teaches English classes to other Afghan women for Refugee & Immigrant Transitions, a San Francisco-based nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While her husband, Hassam Gabar, played with their two little boys, age 2 and 4, Gabar set up her laptop at the kitchen table and started her first Zoom class of the day. She composed a short dialogue about how to make a doctor’s appointment and then asked the students to take turns playing the roles of patient and receptionist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic, the classes met in the Gabars’ living room. A dozen or so women from the neighborhood gathered around the whiteboard, and they brought their children, too. Gabar says it helped break the isolation — for her students and herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The women were happy. They were meeting and talking to each other and the kids were playing,” she said. “We were supporting each other. Sometimes they were sharing their stories. We were talking about all that while learning English.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With so many Afghan refugees arriving now, Gabar says she has been asked to take on more classes. She says she’ll try to fit them in, for the women’s sake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890507\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890507 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Outside a curtained sliding glass door, a man holds a 2-year-old, as a 4-year-old moves toward the door as if to join them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While Nazia Gabar teaches English classes to women from Afghanistan who have resettled in the United States, her husband Hassam plays with their two children at their home in San Leandro on Sept. 8, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Afghan woman, they always have headaches because they are away from their families,” she said. “We are used to living in a full, big family, with siblings and parents, everyone. But then when you come here, you are just alone with your husband and your husband goes to work and you are all day alone at home. They get depression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mastering English is a kind of cure, Gabar says, because it offers these refugee women independence — the chance to drive, work and connect with the wider world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, Hassam has been able to mind the kids while she teaches, because he’s been out of work. In Afghanistan, he worked in finance. When he got here, he drove for Uber, worked as a security guard and studied automotive engineering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, though, he landed a job with a refugee agency. He says it’s not what he was expecting to do, but it’s actually very familiar — because he came of age in a United Nations refugee camp in Pakistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Fouzia Azizi, Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay's director of refugee services\"]'It gave me energy every day when I woke up to see that I have the power to help humans, disregard if they are Afghans or not. But right now, there's a crisis in Afghanistan and our clients happen to be Afghans.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This work is actually the work I grew up with,” he said. “My father was working with the UNHCR [United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees], in children’s rights, community education and health. So I observed how he worked. He was doing the same thing that people do in refugee organizations here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the Gabars, assisting new refugees draws on what they’ve learned through their own displacement experience. And it’s a way of paying forward the help they got from more established Afghans when they were newcomers to the Bay Area a few years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'I have the power to help humans'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Pausing to reflect in her office at Jewish Family and Community Services, Azizi said watching the news last month as Kabul fell to the Taliban brought back the pain she felt 27 years earlier when her own family fled the Taliban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Kabul collapsed, that night and the nights after that, I was getting nightmares,” Azizi said. “The hurt is so deep, it's deep to my core. The disappointment level was so high that I felt numb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What has kept her going?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890500 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman stands right next to a window, which shines light on a painting of a hillside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fouzia Azizi, director of refugee services, holds artwork from Afghanistan in her office at the Jewish Family and Community Services of the East Bay in Concord on Sept. 10, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It gave me energy every day when I woke up to see that I have the power to help humans, disregard if they are Afghans or not. But right now, there’s a crisis in Afghanistan and our clients happen to be Afghans,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being a refugee is a journey, said Azizi, regardless of what country a person has fled. The fact that so many of her staff were themselves forced to leave their homes, she believes, is a strength because they can serve as models for the newcomers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives them the hope that, ‘Oh, they are refugees as well ... and now they are in a position to be able to help us,’” she said. “When there’s a hope, the healing process is a possibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As hundreds of Afghan evacuees reach Northern California and begin putting the pieces of their lives together, the established Afghan community here is stepping up to help, drawing on their own experiences of displacement and resilience.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a recent morning at the Concord office of \u003ca href=\"https://jfcs-eastbay.org/urgent-afghan-evacuation/\">Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay\u003c/a>, staff members filled an enormous laundry cart with basic supplies for a new household — a family of seven, just arrived from Afghanistan. They loaded up new pillows, sheets, comforters, towel sets, pots and pans, and a microwave oven still in the box.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As he helped wheel the cart to an elevator and out to the street, the father of the family looked bleary. He said they had gotten on a flight out of Kabul on Aug. 27, the day after a suicide bombing at the airport killed at least 175, and then spent over a week in transit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man said he had worked for U.S. Army Special Forces as an interpreter, and asked not to be identified because he feared the Taliban could harm his relatives back home if they knew he had left the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The man, his wife and their five children are among at least 2,000 Afghan evacuees who have arrived in California since July — most coming to the Bay Area and Sacramento. The East Bay office of JFCS has resettled 137.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And as the new arrivals begin to put the pieces of their lives together, the established Afghan community here is stepping up to help. It turns out Afghans who call Northern California home know a lot about what the newcomers are going through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re helping them, the same as if they were our family or our friends,” said Ashraf Hussain, the JFCS case manager who pushed the cart to the curb. “I feel so happy when I’m helping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890515\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890515 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a mask pulls against a doorframe to help himself pull a massive laundry cart on wheels laden with items in black garbage bags through it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/012_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walid Aziz (L) and Ashraf Hussain from Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay bring household goods from the organization's offices in Concord on Sept. 10, 2021, to a family who recently arrived from Afghanistan. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hussain loaded the bedding and kitchenware into a U-Haul, along with donated mattresses and furniture. He says when he arrived from Afghanistan in 2017, he did not get connected with a resettlement agency and had to fend for himself. Now, he wants his clients to have an easier path.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hussain also was a U.S. Army interpreter. And, like this new family, he arrived on a \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/us-visas/immigrate/special-immg-visa-afghans-employed-us-gov.html\">special immigrant visa\u003c/a>, which qualifies recipients for refugee benefits. Hussain’s job is to help this new family apply for food stamps and Medi-Cal, find housing in the costly Bay Area and enroll the kids in school.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Establishing stability for families fleeing chaos\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Typically, Afghans airlifted out of Kabul were flown to Qatar and then to U.S. military bases in Germany, Italy or Uganda, says Fouzia Azizi, JFCS's director of refugee services. From there they travel to bases in the U.S. where they get medical screenings, coronavirus vaccinations and paperwork processed. Jewish Family and Community Services estimates that there are currently more than 53,000 Afghan evacuees at military bases in the U.S. and at least another 12,000 who will eventually arrive here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Azizi says all the practical help Hussain and other staff members provide is the first step to establishing stability for families who have fled chaos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890505\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890505 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Two women and a man sit at a table in a conference room, two with papers in front of them and one on a laptop. On the wall is a large framed print of a bouquet in a vase.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/020_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fouzia Azizi (R), director of refugee services, meets with her team at Jewish Family and Community Services East Bay in Concord on Sept. 10, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There's trauma involved. There’s fear involved. And the anxiety level is so high,” she said. “Folks that are getting here, they are extremely overwhelmed due to the long process. ... And also, they left their loved ones at home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the new arrivals need more than beds and kitchenware. They need a sense of connection and emotional support, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be in touch with somebody that has a similar culture and also went through a similar experience,” she said. “It's a huge difference when you come and you have community members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her staff at Jewish Family and Community Services works with refugees from Guatemala, Burma, Eritrea and elsewhere around the globe. But many case managers in the agency’s Concord office are Afghans who came to the Bay Area over the past four decades of war and upheaval in their homeland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Azizi herself knows firsthand what these new families are feeling. She was a refugee once, too, fleeing Afghanistan with her family in 1994.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Islamic regime came to power and my house was put on fire. We left our house in the middle of the night,” she said. “And when I see my clients, and sometimes they are trying to explain their situation, I just say, ‘You don't need to tell me. I have been there ... And I know exactly what you feel.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Afghan diaspora steps up to support new arrivals\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>It’s not just refugee resettlement agencies that are reaching out to help the new arrivals. Across the Bay Area’s Afghan diaspora, community groups are raising money and organizing volunteers. And the cities of \u003ca href=\"https://www.fremont.gov/4058/Afghan-Refugee-Help\">Fremont\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://hayward-ca.gov/residents/equity-inclusion/afghan-relief-and-assistance-efforts\">Hayward\u003c/a>, home to long-established Afghan communities, are collecting donations and coordinating legal aid and other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of the Afghans that have been working with me have slept very little in the last couple of weeks,” said Aisha Wahab, a Hayward city councilmember who is the daughter of Afghan refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Kids bounce back pretty quickly. The concern that a lot of us tend to have is with the women. Women still have to be under these rigid cultural norms. ... They may not be able to potentially get a job or they may not have been educated even in Afghanistan. So the acclimation for Afghan women coming to the U.S. is going to be far more important and far more difficult than for pretty much anybody else.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she’s seeing dozens of young Afghan Americans like herself taking time off from their jobs to pitch in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a friend who right now is volunteering with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.afghancoalition.org/\">Afghan Coalition\u003c/a>. She is taking a solid month off. I have another friend who took two months off providing mental health services and translation,” Wahab said. “You have a lot of these young Afghans who have been deeply affected by their parents’ story ... and are saying that we are going to ease the arrival.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the Afghans now arriving on special immigrant visas are here because they worked for the U.S. And Wahab says that means many men, at least, already speak English, but their wives and children may not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids bounce back pretty quickly. The concern that a lot of us tend to have is with the women,” she said. “Women still have to be under these rigid cultural norms. ... They may not be able to potentially get a job or they may not have been educated even in Afghanistan. So the acclimation for Afghan women coming to the U.S. is going to be far more important and far more difficult than for pretty much anybody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Assisting new refugees by drawing on personal displacement experiences\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>When Nazia Gabar arrived in the Bay Area in 2017 with her husband and baby, she did speak English. She was a professional woman who had worked for the U.S. government in Kabul. But the transition was still tough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One morning earlier this month, Gabar perched on the sofa in her small, tidy apartment in a San Leandro housing development right beside the freeway and talked about those early days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890528\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890528 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing an orange salwar kameez and black hijab sits at a kitchen table typing on a laptop. A boy, age 4, sits right behind her on the chair.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/004_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While Nazia Gabar teaches English classes to women from Afghanistan who have resettled in the United States, one of her sons sits behind her at their home in San Leandro on Sept. 8, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“At first it's very difficult to adapt to a new culture, a new environment, new people,” she said. “At that time when we came, we were very stressful about everything because there was no home and no jobs. We didn't have any money and the rent was very high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, some friends from Kabul had made the move a couple of years earlier and helped them get established. Gabar says even Afghans they had barely met were generous, offering rides and sharing suggestions about where to find a job or an apartment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Gabar works part time as a bookkeeper and teaches English classes to other Afghan women for Refugee & Immigrant Transitions, a San Francisco-based nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While her husband, Hassam Gabar, played with their two little boys, age 2 and 4, Gabar set up her laptop at the kitchen table and started her first Zoom class of the day. She composed a short dialogue about how to make a doctor’s appointment and then asked the students to take turns playing the roles of patient and receptionist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic, the classes met in the Gabars’ living room. A dozen or so women from the neighborhood gathered around the whiteboard, and they brought their children, too. Gabar says it helped break the isolation — for her students and herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The women were happy. They were meeting and talking to each other and the kids were playing,” she said. “We were supporting each other. Sometimes they were sharing their stories. We were talking about all that while learning English.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With so many Afghan refugees arriving now, Gabar says she has been asked to take on more classes. She says she’ll try to fit them in, for the women’s sake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890507\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890507 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Outside a curtained sliding glass door, a man holds a 2-year-old, as a 4-year-old moves toward the door as if to join them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/015_SanLeandro_GabarFamily_09082021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While Nazia Gabar teaches English classes to women from Afghanistan who have resettled in the United States, her husband Hassam plays with their two children at their home in San Leandro on Sept. 8, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Afghan woman, they always have headaches because they are away from their families,” she said. “We are used to living in a full, big family, with siblings and parents, everyone. But then when you come here, you are just alone with your husband and your husband goes to work and you are all day alone at home. They get depression.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mastering English is a kind of cure, Gabar says, because it offers these refugee women independence — the chance to drive, work and connect with the wider world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, Hassam has been able to mind the kids while she teaches, because he’s been out of work. In Afghanistan, he worked in finance. When he got here, he drove for Uber, worked as a security guard and studied automotive engineering.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, though, he landed a job with a refugee agency. He says it’s not what he was expecting to do, but it’s actually very familiar — because he came of age in a United Nations refugee camp in Pakistan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This work is actually the work I grew up with,” he said. “My father was working with the UNHCR [United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees], in children’s rights, community education and health. So I observed how he worked. He was doing the same thing that people do in refugee organizations here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the Gabars, assisting new refugees draws on what they’ve learned through their own displacement experience. And it’s a way of paying forward the help they got from more established Afghans when they were newcomers to the Bay Area a few years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>'I have the power to help humans'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Pausing to reflect in her office at Jewish Family and Community Services, Azizi said watching the news last month as Kabul fell to the Taliban brought back the pain she felt 27 years earlier when her own family fled the Taliban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When Kabul collapsed, that night and the nights after that, I was getting nightmares,” Azizi said. “The hurt is so deep, it's deep to my core. The disappointment level was so high that I felt numb.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What has kept her going?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11890500\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11890500 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A woman stands right next to a window, which shines light on a painting of a hillside.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/031_EastBay_JFCSAfghanResettlement_09102021.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fouzia Azizi, director of refugee services, holds artwork from Afghanistan in her office at the Jewish Family and Community Services of the East Bay in Concord on Sept. 10, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It gave me energy every day when I woke up to see that I have the power to help humans, disregard if they are Afghans or not. But right now, there’s a crisis in Afghanistan and our clients happen to be Afghans,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being a refugee is a journey, said Azizi, regardless of what country a person has fled. The fact that so many of her staff were themselves forced to leave their homes, she believes, is a strength because they can serve as models for the newcomers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives them the hope that, ‘Oh, they are refugees as well ... and now they are in a position to be able to help us,’” she said. “When there’s a hope, the healing process is a possibility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s eviction moratorium is set to expire tomorrow, September 30. But in many parts of the Bay, Latino immigrant tenants have still been getting evicted by their landlords.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because protections on paper haven’t necessarily added up to protections in practice, as many renters have not been made aware of their rights and face barriers to receiving rental assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/madbair\">Madeleine Bair\u003c/a>, founding director of\u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/\"> El Tímpano\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3F3jQTW\">Episode transcript\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC2284026492&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Follow \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>The Bay\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>Apple Podcasts\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>Spotify\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>Stitcher\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, NPR One or via \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>Alexa\u003c/i>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s eviction moratorium is set to expire tomorrow, September 30. But in many parts of the Bay, Latino immigrant tenants have still been getting evicted by their landlords.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because protections on paper haven’t necessarily added up to protections in practice, as many renters have not been made aware of their rights and face barriers to receiving rental assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Guest\u003c/strong>: \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/madbair\">Madeleine Bair\u003c/a>, founding director of\u003ca href=\"https://www.eltimpano.org/\"> El Tímpano\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3F3jQTW\">Episode transcript\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC2284026492&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Follow \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/the-bay\">\u003ci>The Bay\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> to hear more local Bay Area stories like this one. New episodes are released Monday, Wednesday and Friday at 3 a.m. Find The Bay on \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452?mt=2\">\u003ci>Apple Podcasts\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ\">\u003ci>Spotify\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay\">\u003ci>Stitcher\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>, NPR One or via \u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/KQED-The-Bay-Flash-Briefing/dp/B07H6YYV23\">\u003ci>Alexa\u003c/i>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-schools-prepare-for-thousands-of-afghan-refugee-students",
"title": "California Schools Prepare for Thousands of Afghan Refugee Students",
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"content": "\u003cp>In California, home to the largest number of Afghan refugees in the country, school officials are preparing for an influx of students who fled Afghanistan with their families after the Taliban seized power in the country last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools are especially busy in Sacramento and Fremont, which have two of the largest Afghan communities in the state. Over 40% of the nation’s Afghan refugees have resettled in the Sacramento region in recent years, according to Jessie Tientcheu, chief executive officer of \u003ca href=\"https://www.openingdoorsinc.org/\">Opening Doors\u003c/a>, a resettlement agency based in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elk Grove Unified School District began offering culturally appropriate meals and setting aside rooms in many of its middle and high schools for prayer during Muslim holidays in preparation for the additional Afghan students it expects in the next month. San Juan Unified is offering Saturday school for English learners, and Fremont Unified is planning to hire more translators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento school officials have been meeting weekly with representatives from resettlement agencies to prepare for the students. \u003ca href=\"https://refugeeempowerment.org/resettlement/\">Resettlement agencies\u003c/a> partner with the federal government to ensure refugees have food, clothing and housing, as well as medical and mental health services, among other things, for 90 days after their arrival in a city. After that, school districts often take on the role of liaison between the family and social service organizations, offering translators and guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We connect with them when their 90 days are over,” said Cristina Burkhart, program specialist with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjuan.edu/Page/47205\">refugee team at San Juan Unified\u003c/a>. “We help them in any way we can. We help them make doctor appointments, or translate for them so they can build that capacity and advocate for themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento-area school officials have been told to expect about 1,200 new students from Afghanistan to enroll in area schools in the next few months, but the number was estimated before more than 100,000 Afghans were evacuated and could be higher, Tientcheu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, California school district officials interviewed by EdSource reported only a trickle of refugee enrollments, but Tientcheu says many of the families that have already arrived are completing required vaccinations and medical appointments before enrolling their children in school. Some are living in temporary housing and are waiting to move to permanent homes before starting school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California school districts with Afghan student populations are offering wraparound services for refugee families, including dedicated staff to enroll students in school, language classes for parents and students, and translators to help explain schoolwork or make medical appointments. Districts also refer families to community resources that provide food, housing and medical care, among other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elk Grove Unified, a district of 63,000 students in south Sacramento County, has about 2,000 student refugees from Afghanistan, said Lisa Levasseur, a program specialist in the district’s Family and Community Engagement Department. The number of students started increasing about four years ago. Now, the Afghan population is the fastest-growing ethnicity in the district, Levasseur said. She said the refugees are sometimes attracted to the Elk Grove area because it has larger apartments that allow extended families to live together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=news_11885908,news_11887273,arts_13902072]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District services for Afghan refugees have increased with their numbers. The district has opened two welcome centers, but Levasseur would like to open two more. At the center, families can enroll students in school, get referrals for social services or find tutoring help. District staff also help parents find jobs and operate support groups for family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elk Grove staff who are interested in learning more about the cultural differences the Afghan students will face can take classes provided by the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are expanding our programs and constantly learning what is needed,” Levasseur said. “I’m meeting tomorrow with an organization that runs after-school sports and focuses on social-emotional development for refugees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levasseur would like to start a soccer program for newcomers, like the one in nearby San Juan Unified. The San Juan soccer program was originally created for refugee students to provide social-emotional support and help integrate them into the school district. It provides cleats, shin guards and balls for each player — equipment too expensive for most refugee families — and teaches them soccer skills and holds tournaments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents enjoyed it because the parents are on the sidelines and they are making friends,” Burkhart said. “They are communicating with other people, and they are cheering. They have to bring chairs. They are learning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district limited the number of players to 300 refugees until this school year when a grant allowed the district to expand the program to all English learners. Now the soccer program, which was scheduled to start Sept. 16, is expected to have 800 players from eight schools. The teams will be divided into two leagues that will play one another in tournaments in October and December, Burkhart said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified, a district of 57,000 students, has 3,000 refugee students from Afghanistan — half of its English learner population. Students who have immigrated from other countries sometimes transfer to San Juan Unified from other districts because it has 60 bilingual staff members, 11 translators and 12 community resource assistants, as well as 100 students who speak both their language and English who work as after-school tutors, Burkhart said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a robust program for English learners, including a Saturday academy. The program, held twice a year for six to eight weeks, includes language development, self-esteem training, lessons about American norms, physical fitness and sometimes art and music classes. The academy is currently held at four schools, but district officials would like to double that number, Burkhart said. The district also offers after-school programs, including programs on wellness and robotics, as well as summer school for students who are English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School districts fund refugee or newcomer programs from a number of different sources. In San Juan Unified, the program is funded with federal Title I money for lower-income students and Title III money for English learners and immigrants. The district also has grants from the California Health and Human Services Agency and uses some of its state Local Control Funding Formula dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" tag=\"english-learners\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they come to an American school, Afghan students have to navigate American cultural norms, including, for example, unfamiliar dress in gym class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burkhart said one of the most difficult things to explain to the students and their parents is that attending school is required by law, that a school must be called when a child is going to be absent and students must stay on campus unless given permission to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahmad Nimati, a school community refugee specialist on the team at San Juan, is one of the first people Afghan refugees see when they arrive at the San Juan Unified enrollment center. Nimati, an immigrant from Afghanistan, often translates for the families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the families arrive at the enrollment center, staff members give them welcome kits that include stationery, a backpack and other useful items, he said. They are offered tutoring, given the contact information for refugee support organizations and the link to a welcome video on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nimati said there are a lot of things for the students to get used to when they come to the United States. In Afghanistan, students attend school in three- to four-hour shifts and there are no libraries, cafeterias or gym classes, he said. Technology is scarce and there are no science or computer labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the San Juan refugee team don’t just focus on the new students arriving. The team has spent evenings and weekends trying to contact the families of over two dozen students who were visiting relatives in Afghanistan when the Taliban took over. They are hoping to hear soon that they have been evacuated from the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified School District staff also have been working overtime to prepare for the new students. After school staff heard the news of the fall of the Afghan government, they immediately met to evaluate the services the district currently has for refugee students and to determine what types of services need to be added, said Christie Rocha, director of federal and state programs at the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont has had a large Afghan population that goes back several generations, so an influx of refugees who want to move near family is expected, although officials at Fremont Unified aren’t certain how many will enroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district offers a support group for newcomers, which provides them with language and academic support, as well as a curriculum to help them understand the norms in the United States. Every new arrival is given a picture dictionary in their primary language to help them learn English, as well as general school information and contact information for both their teacher and principal, Rocha said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Christie Rocha, Fremont Unified School District director of federal and state programs\"]‘We will welcome them with open arms. If they have any social-emotional, housing or basic necessity needs, we will connect them to the right resources.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified has two social workers who help connect refugee families with food, housing and mental health services, among other things. A staff member who speaks Farsi acts as the liaison between the district and families. Rocha would like to be able to hire more translators who speak either Pashto or Dari, which also is called Farsi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will welcome them with open arms,” Rocha said. “If they have any social-emotional, housing or basic necessity needs, we will connect them to the right resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, which has more than 600,000 students, can’t say how many Afghan refugee students have enrolled in the district so far, but it is prepared to offer any who come academic, health and social-emotional services, said Lydia Acosta Stephens, executive director of multilingual and multicultural education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afghan refugee students are part of what the district calls international newcomers. Coaches and \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/cms/lib/CA01000043/Centricity/Domain/487/Title%20III%20Immigrant%20Newcomer%20Counselor%200533%20Belmont%20SH%20Deadline%2005%2014%2021.pdf\">counselors\u003c/a> who work directly with students and their families are assigned to 18 schools with a high number of newcomers, Stephens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/weareone\">We Are One\u003c/a> L.A. Unified program offers immigrant families information in their language about the school district, its academic programs, their rights as parents and U.S. residents, health and wellness services and phone numbers for legal help. The district also has a summer program that focuses on language development for students who have been in the United States for two years or less. There is also a range of services on district campuses, including \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/Page/11905\">wellness centers\u003c/a> and after-school programs, Stephens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try to have a safety net in every type of setting,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2021/california-schools-prepare-for-thousands-of-aghan-refugee-students/661096\">EdSource\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In California, home to the largest number of Afghan refugees in the country, school officials are preparing for an influx of students who fled Afghanistan with their families after the Taliban seized power in the country last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools are especially busy in Sacramento and Fremont, which have two of the largest Afghan communities in the state. Over 40% of the nation’s Afghan refugees have resettled in the Sacramento region in recent years, according to Jessie Tientcheu, chief executive officer of \u003ca href=\"https://www.openingdoorsinc.org/\">Opening Doors\u003c/a>, a resettlement agency based in Sacramento.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elk Grove Unified School District began offering culturally appropriate meals and setting aside rooms in many of its middle and high schools for prayer during Muslim holidays in preparation for the additional Afghan students it expects in the next month. San Juan Unified is offering Saturday school for English learners, and Fremont Unified is planning to hire more translators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento school officials have been meeting weekly with representatives from resettlement agencies to prepare for the students. \u003ca href=\"https://refugeeempowerment.org/resettlement/\">Resettlement agencies\u003c/a> partner with the federal government to ensure refugees have food, clothing and housing, as well as medical and mental health services, among other things, for 90 days after their arrival in a city. After that, school districts often take on the role of liaison between the family and social service organizations, offering translators and guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We connect with them when their 90 days are over,” said Cristina Burkhart, program specialist with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjuan.edu/Page/47205\">refugee team at San Juan Unified\u003c/a>. “We help them in any way we can. We help them make doctor appointments, or translate for them so they can build that capacity and advocate for themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sacramento-area school officials have been told to expect about 1,200 new students from Afghanistan to enroll in area schools in the next few months, but the number was estimated before more than 100,000 Afghans were evacuated and could be higher, Tientcheu said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, California school district officials interviewed by EdSource reported only a trickle of refugee enrollments, but Tientcheu says many of the families that have already arrived are completing required vaccinations and medical appointments before enrolling their children in school. Some are living in temporary housing and are waiting to move to permanent homes before starting school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California school districts with Afghan student populations are offering wraparound services for refugee families, including dedicated staff to enroll students in school, language classes for parents and students, and translators to help explain schoolwork or make medical appointments. Districts also refer families to community resources that provide food, housing and medical care, among other services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elk Grove Unified, a district of 63,000 students in south Sacramento County, has about 2,000 student refugees from Afghanistan, said Lisa Levasseur, a program specialist in the district’s Family and Community Engagement Department. The number of students started increasing about four years ago. Now, the Afghan population is the fastest-growing ethnicity in the district, Levasseur said. She said the refugees are sometimes attracted to the Elk Grove area because it has larger apartments that allow extended families to live together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>District services for Afghan refugees have increased with their numbers. The district has opened two welcome centers, but Levasseur would like to open two more. At the center, families can enroll students in school, get referrals for social services or find tutoring help. District staff also help parents find jobs and operate support groups for family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elk Grove staff who are interested in learning more about the cultural differences the Afghan students will face can take classes provided by the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are expanding our programs and constantly learning what is needed,” Levasseur said. “I’m meeting tomorrow with an organization that runs after-school sports and focuses on social-emotional development for refugees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levasseur would like to start a soccer program for newcomers, like the one in nearby San Juan Unified. The San Juan soccer program was originally created for refugee students to provide social-emotional support and help integrate them into the school district. It provides cleats, shin guards and balls for each player — equipment too expensive for most refugee families — and teaches them soccer skills and holds tournaments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents enjoyed it because the parents are on the sidelines and they are making friends,” Burkhart said. “They are communicating with other people, and they are cheering. They have to bring chairs. They are learning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district limited the number of players to 300 refugees until this school year when a grant allowed the district to expand the program to all English learners. Now the soccer program, which was scheduled to start Sept. 16, is expected to have 800 players from eight schools. The teams will be divided into two leagues that will play one another in tournaments in October and December, Burkhart said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Juan Unified, a district of 57,000 students, has 3,000 refugee students from Afghanistan — half of its English learner population. Students who have immigrated from other countries sometimes transfer to San Juan Unified from other districts because it has 60 bilingual staff members, 11 translators and 12 community resource assistants, as well as 100 students who speak both their language and English who work as after-school tutors, Burkhart said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district has a robust program for English learners, including a Saturday academy. The program, held twice a year for six to eight weeks, includes language development, self-esteem training, lessons about American norms, physical fitness and sometimes art and music classes. The academy is currently held at four schools, but district officials would like to double that number, Burkhart said. The district also offers after-school programs, including programs on wellness and robotics, as well as summer school for students who are English learners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School districts fund refugee or newcomer programs from a number of different sources. In San Juan Unified, the program is funded with federal Title I money for lower-income students and Title III money for English learners and immigrants. The district also has grants from the California Health and Human Services Agency and uses some of its state Local Control Funding Formula dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once they come to an American school, Afghan students have to navigate American cultural norms, including, for example, unfamiliar dress in gym class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burkhart said one of the most difficult things to explain to the students and their parents is that attending school is required by law, that a school must be called when a child is going to be absent and students must stay on campus unless given permission to leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahmad Nimati, a school community refugee specialist on the team at San Juan, is one of the first people Afghan refugees see when they arrive at the San Juan Unified enrollment center. Nimati, an immigrant from Afghanistan, often translates for the families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the families arrive at the enrollment center, staff members give them welcome kits that include stationery, a backpack and other useful items, he said. They are offered tutoring, given the contact information for refugee support organizations and the link to a welcome video on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nimati said there are a lot of things for the students to get used to when they come to the United States. In Afghanistan, students attend school in three- to four-hour shifts and there are no libraries, cafeterias or gym classes, he said. Technology is scarce and there are no science or computer labs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Members of the San Juan refugee team don’t just focus on the new students arriving. The team has spent evenings and weekends trying to contact the families of over two dozen students who were visiting relatives in Afghanistan when the Taliban took over. They are hoping to hear soon that they have been evacuated from the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified School District staff also have been working overtime to prepare for the new students. After school staff heard the news of the fall of the Afghan government, they immediately met to evaluate the services the district currently has for refugee students and to determine what types of services need to be added, said Christie Rocha, director of federal and state programs at the district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont has had a large Afghan population that goes back several generations, so an influx of refugees who want to move near family is expected, although officials at Fremont Unified aren’t certain how many will enroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district offers a support group for newcomers, which provides them with language and academic support, as well as a curriculum to help them understand the norms in the United States. Every new arrival is given a picture dictionary in their primary language to help them learn English, as well as general school information and contact information for both their teacher and principal, Rocha said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Unified has two social workers who help connect refugee families with food, housing and mental health services, among other things. A staff member who speaks Farsi acts as the liaison between the district and families. Rocha would like to be able to hire more translators who speak either Pashto or Dari, which also is called Farsi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will welcome them with open arms,” Rocha said. “If they have any social-emotional, housing or basic necessity needs, we will connect them to the right resources.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles Unified, which has more than 600,000 students, can’t say how many Afghan refugee students have enrolled in the district so far, but it is prepared to offer any who come academic, health and social-emotional services, said Lydia Acosta Stephens, executive director of multilingual and multicultural education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Afghan refugee students are part of what the district calls international newcomers. Coaches and \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/cms/lib/CA01000043/Centricity/Domain/487/Title%20III%20Immigrant%20Newcomer%20Counselor%200533%20Belmont%20SH%20Deadline%2005%2014%2021.pdf\">counselors\u003c/a> who work directly with students and their families are assigned to 18 schools with a high number of newcomers, Stephens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/weareone\">We Are One\u003c/a> L.A. Unified program offers immigrant families information in their language about the school district, its academic programs, their rights as parents and U.S. residents, health and wellness services and phone numbers for legal help. The district also has a summer program that focuses on language development for students who have been in the United States for two years or less. There is also a range of services on district campuses, including \u003ca href=\"https://achieve.lausd.net/Page/11905\">wellness centers\u003c/a> and after-school programs, Stephens said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try to have a safety net in every type of setting,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Rolling Through California; A Family Kept Apart; How 9/11 Changed One Woman's Life",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888465/happiest-climate-change-song-ever-fantastic-negrito-and-rolling-through-california\">Fantastic Negrito: Rolling Through California\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Oakland-based artist Fantastic Negrito tells us about his new single featuring Miko Marks, “Rolling Through California,” a song that explores the dissonance between the California dream and the reality of living in our state today. The lyrics came to him a year ago, on the day that wildfire smoke turned skies red. “It felt apocalyptic and it felt like a message,” he says. “Looking at this blood-red sun, bloodshot sun in the sky, I wanted to tell the story of what was happening in the moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-components-Post-components-PostTitle-___PostTitle__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888827/you-always-feel-that-someones-missing-how-a-trump-era-immigration-policy-has-kept-a-california-family-apart-for-two-years\">How a Trump-Era Immigration Policy Has Kept a California Family Apart for Two Years\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When you’ve been living in the U.S. undocumented, and you’re finally able to become a legal resident, it’s a huge relief. That’s what one father in the Central Valley city of Los Banos was hoping to feel. He followed the rules and went back to Mexico for the final step to apply for his green card: an interview at the U.S. Consulate. His wife and kids expected him back in a week or two, but he was stopped from returning by a restrictive Trump administration rule that blocked thousands of others too. Zaidee Stavely tells us how, two years later, his kids are still waiting to get their dad back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888875/how-standing-up-to-racism-after-9-11-changed-one-immigrant-teenagers-life\">How Standing Up to Racism After 9/11 Changed One Immigrant Teenager’s Life\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>20 years ago, California Report host Sasha Khokha was a first year journalism student at Berkeley, and wanted to find out how the post 9/11 backlash against South Asians was affecting young people in my community. So she wrote a piece about an inspiring group of teenagers from Berkeley High for a publication called Asian Week. One of the young women she met and featured in the article was 17-year-old Fatima Shah. Sasha tracked her down 20 years later, to reflect on that time, and find out how it shaped her life today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888465/happiest-climate-change-song-ever-fantastic-negrito-and-rolling-through-california\">Fantastic Negrito: Rolling Through California\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Oakland-based artist Fantastic Negrito tells us about his new single featuring Miko Marks, “Rolling Through California,” a song that explores the dissonance between the California dream and the reality of living in our state today. The lyrics came to him a year ago, on the day that wildfire smoke turned skies red. “It felt apocalyptic and it felt like a message,” he says. “Looking at this blood-red sun, bloodshot sun in the sky, I wanted to tell the story of what was happening in the moment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-components-Post-components-PostTitle-___PostTitle__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888827/you-always-feel-that-someones-missing-how-a-trump-era-immigration-policy-has-kept-a-california-family-apart-for-two-years\">How a Trump-Era Immigration Policy Has Kept a California Family Apart for Two Years\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When you’ve been living in the U.S. undocumented, and you’re finally able to become a legal resident, it’s a huge relief. That’s what one father in the Central Valley city of Los Banos was hoping to feel. He followed the rules and went back to Mexico for the final step to apply for his green card: an interview at the U.S. Consulate. His wife and kids expected him back in a week or two, but he was stopped from returning by a restrictive Trump administration rule that blocked thousands of others too. Zaidee Stavely tells us how, two years later, his kids are still waiting to get their dad back.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11888875/how-standing-up-to-racism-after-9-11-changed-one-immigrant-teenagers-life\">How Standing Up to Racism After 9/11 Changed One Immigrant Teenager’s Life\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>20 years ago, California Report host Sasha Khokha was a first year journalism student at Berkeley, and wanted to find out how the post 9/11 backlash against South Asians was affecting young people in my community. So she wrote a piece about an inspiring group of teenagers from Berkeley High for a publication called Asian Week. One of the young women she met and featured in the article was 17-year-old Fatima Shah. Sasha tracked her down 20 years later, to reflect on that time, and find out how it shaped her life today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "'You Always Feel That Someone’s Missing': How a Trump-Era Immigration Policy Has Kept a California Family Apart for Two Years",
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"headTitle": "‘You Always Feel That Someone’s Missing’: How a Trump-Era Immigration Policy Has Kept a California Family Apart for Two Years | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>There are reminders of José Luis Ruiz Arévalos everywhere in the three-bedroom trailer where his wife and four children live in the small Central Valley city of Los Baños: the family photos along the hallway, the triple bunk bed he built to accommodate a growing family, the fence he installed out front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez\"]‘There’s like this space where he used to be, but he’s not there anymore.’[/pullquote]But Ruiz Arévalos isn’t there. After he was forced to stay in Mexico two years ago, the college plans for the three oldest children have unraveled. The oldest dropped out of college and joined the U.S. Army Reserve. The second oldest is prioritizing work while studying. And their younger brother, a senior in high school, caught the eye of Harvard recruiters but instead is considering vocational school closer to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s like this space where he used to be, but he’s not there anymore,” said Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez, 19. “And like, every time you come home, you’re just like, ‘Oh, I feel like something’s missing.’ You always feel that someone’s missing, that he’s missing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888939\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888939 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1.jpg\" alt=\"A family of six, with the parents sitting on the couch and four children standing behind, most smiling at the camera.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armanda Ruiz (front left) with her husband, José Luis Ruiz Arévalos, and children Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez, Priscila Ruiz Ramírez, Ignacio Gutiérrez Ramírez, and Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In May 2019, Ruiz Arévalos — also known as José, Dad or Papa, depending on whom you ask — went to Mexico for what he thought would be the final step to apply for his green card: an interview at the U.S. Consulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his family — the rest of whom all are U.S. citizens — expected he would be able to come back in a week or two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was unexpectedly refused a green card when U.S. Consulate officials decided that under Trump administration guidance he was likely to become a “public charge,” dependent on government services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unable to return to the U.S., he remains in Hermosillo, Sonora, a thousand miles from his family, while he tries to appeal the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-donald-trump-ap-top-news-politics-business-f440cbe61eb642c99f4d9a47e437c526\">changes to the “public charge” immigration policy made headlines\u003c/a> the year of Ruiz Arévalos’s green card interview in 2019. What was less publicized is that in January 2018, the Trump administration had already made changes to the public charge policy at consulates outside the country.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nThe changes gave consulate officers more discretion to scrutinize applicants’ age, education, job skills, and health insurance and whether they or their family members received any type of public benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Oct. 1, 2018, and Sept. 30, 2019, \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/legal/visa-law0/visa-statistics/annual-reports/report-of-the-visa-office-2019.html\">consulate officials refused almost 21,000 people applying for immigrant visas\u003c/a> based on the revised public charge policy. That was seven times as many people as had been refused under the same policy two years before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes that were made have now been reversed under President Joe Biden. But the effects still remain, not only for immigrants, but also for their spouses and children. When Ruiz Arévalos couldn’t return home, it triggered economic hardship and emotional grief for his wife and children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also disrupted the education of his oldest stepchild, Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elena, 21, dropped out of the University of California, Merced so she could work to support the family. The decision was gut-wrenching and scary. Elena thought she might never return to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos had been helping her pay for her college expenses not covered by financial aid with his income as a handyperson. Without his help, not only could she not afford to stay in school, but she also needed to help the rest of her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888944\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 767px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888944 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz1-768x562-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man in a white T-shirt and jeans holds hands with an 11-year-old girl, amid pink and white balloons and decorations.\" width=\"767\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz1-768x562-1.jpg 767w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz1-768x562-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José Luis Ruiz Arévalos dances with daughter Priscila Ruiz Ramírez, at her birthday party in Mexico. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her mother, Armanda Ruiz, has a full-time job taking care of her little sister, Priscila Ruiz Ramírez, 11, who was born prematurely and has had four surgeries and multiple health issues her entire life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Priscila has developmental delays and is under continuous medical care with speech, occupational and physical therapy. Her other two siblings, Ignacio and Nathan, were still in high school at the time Ruiz Arévalos was told he could not return from Mexico. Nathan had been struggling with severe depression. Elena felt she had no other choice but to drop out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Counselors usually advised me to, like, try to stay in school, but they didn’t really understand that I was the only one that was able to work,” Elena said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was one other thing motivating her decision: If she stayed in college, she reasoned, the burden to support the family would fall on her younger siblings. She wanted them to follow their dreams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/mwGywQnW88s\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest three have always excelled in school. Nathan, 19, got A’s and B’s at Merced College last year. Ignacio, 17, just finished his junior year at Los Baños High School with a 4.6 grade point average — all A’s, including four in Advanced Placement classes. He recently received a letter from Harvard, encouraging him to apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now I just want to provide for my family and keep ourselves from sinking into debt,” Elena said. “With my dad out of the country and with no family but ourselves, I don’t want the lack of money to be the reason why my siblings don’t go where they want to go and get their degree in what they want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Elena applied for dozens of jobs. She worked at a tomato-packing plant, at Big 5 Sporting Goods as a cashier, and with the U.S. Census Bureau for the 2020 census.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez\"]‘Right now I just want to provide for my family and keep ourselves from sinking into debt … I don’t want the lack of money to be the reason why my siblings don’t go where they want to go.’[/pullquote]Then the coronavirus pandemic hit California, and work became even harder to find. Determined to continue toward a college degree, she began taking classes at Merced College. As the months dragged on and the family continued to struggle financially, she became increasingly worried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Ruiz Arévalos felt that his world had broken into a million pieces. He has been part of this blended family for 12 years. When he first met his wife, Armanda Ramírez, her name before she married him, her daughter Elena was 8. Nathan was 6, and Ignacio was 5. The children have their father’s last name and their mother’s maiden name: Gutiérrez Ramírez. Later the couple had Priscila together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he talks about his children, his voice becomes soft with love as he recalls each of their personalities. Little Priscila is his treasure, his spoiled baby. Elena is loving and noble, he said, a “super daughter.” Nathan is both tough and affectionate. Ignacio, he said, could do anything he wants — studying comes easily to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the worst thing is that my kids really put their heart into their studies,” he said in Spanish. “I feel like I am clipping their wings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888946\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 968px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888946 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1.jpg\" alt=\"A family stands in a line for a picture amid pink and white birthday decorations. The girl in the middle wears a unicorn outfit.\" width=\"968\" height=\"645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1.jpg 968w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 968px) 100vw, 968px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ignacio Gutiérrez Ramírez, José Luis Ruiz Arévalos, Armanda Ruiz, Priscila Ruiz Ramirez, Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez and Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez celebrating Priscila’s birthday in Mexico. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos had been living in the U.S. without immigration papers since his parents brought him in the early ’90s, when he was 17. Since 1996, immigration law makes it difficult for anyone who crossed the border illegally and stayed in the U.S. for more than a year to get a green card, even if they are married to a U.S. citizen. They have to leave the country to apply, and if they lived here without immigration papers, they are banned from reentering the country for 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11858316\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/gettyimages-1230936271-66a4f28f0f4c76f8936d96115f8be7f11c103ec7-1020x765.jpg\"]There is one way around the 10-year ban: You can apply for a waiver if you can prove that being forced to stay outside the U.S. would cause “extreme hardship” for a U.S. citizen spouse or parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before going to his interview appointment in Ciudad Juárez, Ruiz Arévalos applied for a waiver, arguing that his absence would cause severe hardship for his wife. In the documents they submitted, they detailed how hard it would be for her to be left alone to care for their four children, including Priscila, with her medical issues and developmental delays, and Nathan, with severe depression and panic attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services approved the waiver. The couple believed they had all their paperwork in order. They secured a fiscal sponsor — a family friend who agreed to support Ruiz Arévalos and his family. The sponsor made far more than the minimum income required by federal regulations, which is 125% of the federal poverty level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Ruiz Arévalos showed up for his appointment, the consulate official questioned whether his fiscal sponsor would actually support the family if needed and asked Ruiz Arévalos whether his family had used welfare. Priscila has received Supplemental Security Income — provided to disabled people in lower-income families — since she was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other children in the family had received food stamps. The consulate told him he would need an additional fiscal sponsor to prove he wouldn’t become dependent on the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of waiting for him to turn in the new paperwork, the consulate told him he was inadmissible to the U.S. because he was likely to become a public charge, and canceled his waiver of the 10-year ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. State Department declined to say how many other applicants for green cards had their waivers revoked because of the new public charge policy that was in place from 2018 to 2020. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services said the data was not available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Erin Quinn, Immigrant Legal Resource Center\"]‘They can overcome the public charge issue … but the damage was already done, because the real harm for families like this one is those years of separation that can’t be undone.’[/pullquote]Erin Quinn, senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/\">Immigrant Legal Resource Center\u003c/a>, said likely thousands of the people denied entry under “public charge” in 2018 and 2019 had previously lived in the U.S. and had waivers to show that being separated from their families would cause extreme hardship, like Ruiz Arévalos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After that guidance came out, officers had clearly gotten marching orders to go on this fishing expedition, as a way to begin denying cases that were otherwise clearly eligible for their permanent resident status,” Quinn said. “They can overcome the public charge issue by turning in the information requested, but the damage was already done, because the real harm for families like this one is those years of separation that can’t be undone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos submitted the names of three different fiscal sponsors to the consulate. But the process slowed almost to a halt because of the pandemic. While he waited, he tried his best to stay connected to his family across the border. They do regular video calls so the kids can talk with their dad. Ignacio even calls Ruiz Arévalos for help when he has to fix something at home — how to change the oil in the car, how to unclog the toilet, how to fix the fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 534px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888941 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Elena-642x800-1.jpg\" alt='A woman in a dress embraces a high school graduate in a yellow cap and gown with a red \"2020\" sash.' width=\"534\" height=\"799\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Elena-642x800-1.jpg 534w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Elena-642x800-1-160x239.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez, right, at high school graduation with mom Armanda Ruiz. José Luis Ruiz Arévalos had to miss Nathan’s graduation. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few months before Ruiz Arévalos went to Mexico, the Gutiérrez Ramírez kids’ biological father died. They didn’t have much contact with him the last few years he was alive, but when they found out he died, it was painful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a dad, and I didn’t get along very well with him. We had problems. Then I get another dad, and they take him away,” Nathan told Ruiz Arévalos recently. “It’s not fair. I want my dad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It hit us all very hard that he wasn’t able to come back,” Ruiz said. She said Priscila especially didn’t understand why her dad was in Mexico. “Why is my dad over there?” Ruiz said she would ask. “Why doesn’t he come here? Why doesn’t he sleep here with us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos wasn’t there to see Nathan’s graduation from high school, or Priscila’s ceremony for “reclassification” to show she is no longer considered an English-language learner at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s missed two years of birthdays and movie watching and countless dance sessions in the family living room. He wasn’t there to see them all stuff eggshells with confetti for Easter, or to watch how they made distance learning work, with all five of them learning from home — Elena and Nathan in college classes, Ignacio in high school, Priscila in special education, and their mother taking an English class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes it feels different not having a father figure,” Ignacio said. “’Cause you know, there’s a different kind of relationship with your dad than your mother, I’d say, if you’re a guy, ’cause like, you know, guys just understand each other. Like you don’t even have to say something, you already know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months ago, Elena met with a college counselor and decided to join the Army Reserve. She went to basic training in July and will be there until November, so she won’t be able to attend college classes in the fall. She’s hoping she can return to college in the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During this time of uncertainty, at least the Army will bring some form of certainty,” Elena said. “In addition, if something were to happen to my mom, I will be the one taking care of my siblings, and without a stable job, I can’t guarantee that. That’s why the Army sounds like a good deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may finally be some hope in Ruiz Arévalos’s case. In July 2020, a U.S. District Court in New York issued a temporary injunction requiring consulates to stop using the new guidance on public charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='immigration']And most recently in August, the Department of Homeland Security began the process to ask the public how the public charge rule should be changed in the future, specifically mentioning it does not want the rule to “unduly impose barriers” on people seeking adjustment of status, like Ruiz Arévalos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, Ruiz Arévalos received another letter in the mail from the consulate in Ciudad Juárez, the first in months. For the first time, there was no mention of “public charge.” The letter said he could now apply again for a waiver. The process could take months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Ruiz and the kids went to visit Ruiz Arévalos in Mexico, the last family trip before Elena headed to basic training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They went to the beach — a first for some of the children — and waded into the ocean, playing in the waves. From the sand, Ruiz watched and took a video with her phone — her husband, with her children, walking toward the horizon. They jumped over wave after wave coming at them. For the moment, they were all together.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "In May 2019, a resident of the Central Valley went to Mexico for what he thought would be the final step to apply for his green card. But because of the Trump administration's public charge rule, that visit has become a two-year wait.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There are reminders of José Luis Ruiz Arévalos everywhere in the three-bedroom trailer where his wife and four children live in the small Central Valley city of Los Baños: the family photos along the hallway, the triple bunk bed he built to accommodate a growing family, the fence he installed out front.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But Ruiz Arévalos isn’t there. After he was forced to stay in Mexico two years ago, the college plans for the three oldest children have unraveled. The oldest dropped out of college and joined the U.S. Army Reserve. The second oldest is prioritizing work while studying. And their younger brother, a senior in high school, caught the eye of Harvard recruiters but instead is considering vocational school closer to home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s like this space where he used to be, but he’s not there anymore,” said Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez, 19. “And like, every time you come home, you’re just like, ‘Oh, I feel like something’s missing.’ You always feel that someone’s missing, that he’s missing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888939\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888939 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1.jpg\" alt=\"A family of six, with the parents sitting on the couch and four children standing behind, most smiling at the camera.\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ruiz_family_crop-1024x768-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Armanda Ruiz (front left) with her husband, José Luis Ruiz Arévalos, and children Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez, Priscila Ruiz Ramírez, Ignacio Gutiérrez Ramírez, and Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In May 2019, Ruiz Arévalos — also known as José, Dad or Papa, depending on whom you ask — went to Mexico for what he thought would be the final step to apply for his green card: an interview at the U.S. Consulate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and his family — the rest of whom all are U.S. citizens — expected he would be able to come back in a week or two.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he was unexpectedly refused a green card when U.S. Consulate officials decided that under Trump administration guidance he was likely to become a “public charge,” dependent on government services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unable to return to the U.S., he remains in Hermosillo, Sonora, a thousand miles from his family, while he tries to appeal the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former President Donald Trump’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-donald-trump-ap-top-news-politics-business-f440cbe61eb642c99f4d9a47e437c526\">changes to the “public charge” immigration policy made headlines\u003c/a> the year of Ruiz Arévalos’s green card interview in 2019. What was less publicized is that in January 2018, the Trump administration had already made changes to the public charge policy at consulates outside the country.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThe changes gave consulate officers more discretion to scrutinize applicants’ age, education, job skills, and health insurance and whether they or their family members received any type of public benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Oct. 1, 2018, and Sept. 30, 2019, \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/legal/visa-law0/visa-statistics/annual-reports/report-of-the-visa-office-2019.html\">consulate officials refused almost 21,000 people applying for immigrant visas\u003c/a> based on the revised public charge policy. That was seven times as many people as had been refused under the same policy two years before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The changes that were made have now been reversed under President Joe Biden. But the effects still remain, not only for immigrants, but also for their spouses and children. When Ruiz Arévalos couldn’t return home, it triggered economic hardship and emotional grief for his wife and children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also disrupted the education of his oldest stepchild, Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elena, 21, dropped out of the University of California, Merced so she could work to support the family. The decision was gut-wrenching and scary. Elena thought she might never return to college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos had been helping her pay for her college expenses not covered by financial aid with his income as a handyperson. Without his help, not only could she not afford to stay in school, but she also needed to help the rest of her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888944\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 767px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888944 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz1-768x562-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man in a white T-shirt and jeans holds hands with an 11-year-old girl, amid pink and white balloons and decorations.\" width=\"767\" height=\"511\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz1-768x562-1.jpg 767w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz1-768x562-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 767px) 100vw, 767px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José Luis Ruiz Arévalos dances with daughter Priscila Ruiz Ramírez, at her birthday party in Mexico. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her mother, Armanda Ruiz, has a full-time job taking care of her little sister, Priscila Ruiz Ramírez, 11, who was born prematurely and has had four surgeries and multiple health issues her entire life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Priscila has developmental delays and is under continuous medical care with speech, occupational and physical therapy. Her other two siblings, Ignacio and Nathan, were still in high school at the time Ruiz Arévalos was told he could not return from Mexico. Nathan had been struggling with severe depression. Elena felt she had no other choice but to drop out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Counselors usually advised me to, like, try to stay in school, but they didn’t really understand that I was the only one that was able to work,” Elena said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was one other thing motivating her decision: If she stayed in college, she reasoned, the burden to support the family would fall on her younger siblings. She wanted them to follow their dreams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/mwGywQnW88s\" title=\"YouTube video player\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The oldest three have always excelled in school. Nathan, 19, got A’s and B’s at Merced College last year. Ignacio, 17, just finished his junior year at Los Baños High School with a 4.6 grade point average — all A’s, including four in Advanced Placement classes. He recently received a letter from Harvard, encouraging him to apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now I just want to provide for my family and keep ourselves from sinking into debt,” Elena said. “With my dad out of the country and with no family but ourselves, I don’t want the lack of money to be the reason why my siblings don’t go where they want to go and get their degree in what they want.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Elena applied for dozens of jobs. She worked at a tomato-packing plant, at Big 5 Sporting Goods as a cashier, and with the U.S. Census Bureau for the 2020 census.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Right now I just want to provide for my family and keep ourselves from sinking into debt … I don’t want the lack of money to be the reason why my siblings don’t go where they want to go.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Then the coronavirus pandemic hit California, and work became even harder to find. Determined to continue toward a college degree, she began taking classes at Merced College. As the months dragged on and the family continued to struggle financially, she became increasingly worried.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Mexico, Ruiz Arévalos felt that his world had broken into a million pieces. He has been part of this blended family for 12 years. When he first met his wife, Armanda Ramírez, her name before she married him, her daughter Elena was 8. Nathan was 6, and Ignacio was 5. The children have their father’s last name and their mother’s maiden name: Gutiérrez Ramírez. Later the couple had Priscila together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he talks about his children, his voice becomes soft with love as he recalls each of their personalities. Little Priscila is his treasure, his spoiled baby. Elena is loving and noble, he said, a “super daughter.” Nathan is both tough and affectionate. Ignacio, he said, could do anything he wants — studying comes easily to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And the worst thing is that my kids really put their heart into their studies,” he said in Spanish. “I feel like I am clipping their wings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888946\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 968px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888946 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1.jpg\" alt=\"A family stands in a line for a picture amid pink and white birthday decorations. The girl in the middle wears a unicorn outfit.\" width=\"968\" height=\"645\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1.jpg 968w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Ruiz-1024x645-1-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 968px) 100vw, 968px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ignacio Gutiérrez Ramírez, José Luis Ruiz Arévalos, Armanda Ruiz, Priscila Ruiz Ramirez, Elena Gutiérrez Ramírez and Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez celebrating Priscila’s birthday in Mexico. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos had been living in the U.S. without immigration papers since his parents brought him in the early ’90s, when he was 17. Since 1996, immigration law makes it difficult for anyone who crossed the border illegally and stayed in the U.S. for more than a year to get a green card, even if they are married to a U.S. citizen. They have to leave the country to apply, and if they lived here without immigration papers, they are banned from reentering the country for 10 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There is one way around the 10-year ban: You can apply for a waiver if you can prove that being forced to stay outside the U.S. would cause “extreme hardship” for a U.S. citizen spouse or parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before going to his interview appointment in Ciudad Juárez, Ruiz Arévalos applied for a waiver, arguing that his absence would cause severe hardship for his wife. In the documents they submitted, they detailed how hard it would be for her to be left alone to care for their four children, including Priscila, with her medical issues and developmental delays, and Nathan, with severe depression and panic attacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services approved the waiver. The couple believed they had all their paperwork in order. They secured a fiscal sponsor — a family friend who agreed to support Ruiz Arévalos and his family. The sponsor made far more than the minimum income required by federal regulations, which is 125% of the federal poverty level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when Ruiz Arévalos showed up for his appointment, the consulate official questioned whether his fiscal sponsor would actually support the family if needed and asked Ruiz Arévalos whether his family had used welfare. Priscila has received Supplemental Security Income — provided to disabled people in lower-income families — since she was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other children in the family had received food stamps. The consulate told him he would need an additional fiscal sponsor to prove he wouldn’t become dependent on the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But instead of waiting for him to turn in the new paperwork, the consulate told him he was inadmissible to the U.S. because he was likely to become a public charge, and canceled his waiver of the 10-year ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. State Department declined to say how many other applicants for green cards had their waivers revoked because of the new public charge policy that was in place from 2018 to 2020. U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services said the data was not available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘They can overcome the public charge issue … but the damage was already done, because the real harm for families like this one is those years of separation that can’t be undone.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Erin Quinn, senior staff attorney at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ilrc.org/\">Immigrant Legal Resource Center\u003c/a>, said likely thousands of the people denied entry under “public charge” in 2018 and 2019 had previously lived in the U.S. and had waivers to show that being separated from their families would cause extreme hardship, like Ruiz Arévalos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After that guidance came out, officers had clearly gotten marching orders to go on this fishing expedition, as a way to begin denying cases that were otherwise clearly eligible for their permanent resident status,” Quinn said. “They can overcome the public charge issue by turning in the information requested, but the damage was already done, because the real harm for families like this one is those years of separation that can’t be undone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos submitted the names of three different fiscal sponsors to the consulate. But the process slowed almost to a halt because of the pandemic. While he waited, he tried his best to stay connected to his family across the border. They do regular video calls so the kids can talk with their dad. Ignacio even calls Ruiz Arévalos for help when he has to fix something at home — how to change the oil in the car, how to unclog the toilet, how to fix the fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 534px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11888941 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Elena-642x800-1.jpg\" alt='A woman in a dress embraces a high school graduate in a yellow cap and gown with a red \"2020\" sash.' width=\"534\" height=\"799\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Elena-642x800-1.jpg 534w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/Elena-642x800-1-160x239.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 534px) 100vw, 534px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nathan Gutiérrez Ramírez, right, at high school graduation with mom Armanda Ruiz. José Luis Ruiz Arévalos had to miss Nathan’s graduation. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Armanda Ruiz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few months before Ruiz Arévalos went to Mexico, the Gutiérrez Ramírez kids’ biological father died. They didn’t have much contact with him the last few years he was alive, but when they found out he died, it was painful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had a dad, and I didn’t get along very well with him. We had problems. Then I get another dad, and they take him away,” Nathan told Ruiz Arévalos recently. “It’s not fair. I want my dad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It hit us all very hard that he wasn’t able to come back,” Ruiz said. She said Priscila especially didn’t understand why her dad was in Mexico. “Why is my dad over there?” Ruiz said she would ask. “Why doesn’t he come here? Why doesn’t he sleep here with us?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruiz Arévalos wasn’t there to see Nathan’s graduation from high school, or Priscila’s ceremony for “reclassification” to show she is no longer considered an English-language learner at school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’s missed two years of birthdays and movie watching and countless dance sessions in the family living room. He wasn’t there to see them all stuff eggshells with confetti for Easter, or to watch how they made distance learning work, with all five of them learning from home — Elena and Nathan in college classes, Ignacio in high school, Priscila in special education, and their mother taking an English class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes it feels different not having a father figure,” Ignacio said. “’Cause you know, there’s a different kind of relationship with your dad than your mother, I’d say, if you’re a guy, ’cause like, you know, guys just understand each other. Like you don’t even have to say something, you already know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few months ago, Elena met with a college counselor and decided to join the Army Reserve. She went to basic training in July and will be there until November, so she won’t be able to attend college classes in the fall. She’s hoping she can return to college in the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During this time of uncertainty, at least the Army will bring some form of certainty,” Elena said. “In addition, if something were to happen to my mom, I will be the one taking care of my siblings, and without a stable job, I can’t guarantee that. That’s why the Army sounds like a good deal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There may finally be some hope in Ruiz Arévalos’s case. In July 2020, a U.S. District Court in New York issued a temporary injunction requiring consulates to stop using the new guidance on public charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>And most recently in August, the Department of Homeland Security began the process to ask the public how the public charge rule should be changed in the future, specifically mentioning it does not want the rule to “unduly impose barriers” on people seeking adjustment of status, like Ruiz Arévalos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, Ruiz Arévalos received another letter in the mail from the consulate in Ciudad Juárez, the first in months. For the first time, there was no mention of “public charge.” The letter said he could now apply again for a waiver. The process could take months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Ruiz and the kids went to visit Ruiz Arévalos in Mexico, the last family trip before Elena headed to basic training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They went to the beach — a first for some of the children — and waded into the ocean, playing in the waves. From the sand, Ruiz watched and took a video with her phone — her husband, with her children, walking toward the horizon. They jumped over wave after wave coming at them. For the moment, they were all together.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Biden Administration Launches Website to Help Reunite Families Separated at the Border",
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"headTitle": "Biden Administration Launches Website to Help Reunite Families Separated at the Border | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration is expanding its effort to find and reunite \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11797878/zero-tolerance-an-ongoing-history-of-family-separations-at-the-u-s-mexico-border\">migrant families who were separated at the U.S.-Mexico border during the Trump presidency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Michelle Brané, Family Reunification Task Force of the Biden Administration\"]‘We recognize that we can’t make these families completely whole again … but we want to do everything we can to put them on a path towards a better life.’[/pullquote]A federal task force is launching a new program Monday that officials say will expand efforts to find parents, many of whom are in remote Central American communities, and help them return to the United States, where they will get at least three years of legal residency and other assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize that we can’t make these families completely whole again,” said Michelle Brané, executive director of the administration’s Family Reunification Task Force. “But we want to do everything we can to put them on a path towards a better life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the new program, the federal government has agreed on a contract with the International Organization for Migration (IOM), an intergovernmental body that helps manage migration patterns and provide humanitarian assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program also includes a web portal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.together.gov/\">together.gov\u003c/a>, that will allow parents to contact the U.S. government to begin the process of reunification. The site and an outreach campaign to promote it will be in English, Spanish, Portuguese and several Indigenous languages of Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888800\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1347px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11888800\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu.jpg\" alt='A graphic that reads out, \"Do you qualify? You may qualify for reunification if you are either: 1. A parent or legal guardian who was separated under U.S. immigration laws, including through the use of the Zero Tolerance policy, from their child by the U.S. government at the U.S.-Mexico border; 2. A child who was separated under U.S. immigration laws, including through the use of the Zero Tolerance policy, from their parent or legal guardian by the U.S. government at the U.S.-Mexico border; 3. The separation occurred between January 20, 2017 to January 20, 2021. Parents and children who were previously reunited also qualify for Task Force benefits and should register.' width=\"1347\" height=\"898\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu.jpg 1347w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1347px) 100vw, 1347px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screen grab of the qualifications to be eligible for the together.gov portal for parents seeking to be reunited with their children in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of together.gov)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The IOM will help with the logistics of reuniting families, explained Lee Gelernt, deputy director of the ACLU’s Immigrants’ Rights Project, who welcomed the Biden administration’s expanded efforts as “an important first step,” though he believes migrants should get more than three years of residency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IOM will also be tasked with “allowing the family to get passports more easily, [getting them] to the U.S. embassy, [getting] travel documents, [making] plane reservations, but also simply to get them from one place to another,” said Gelernt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the parents are believed to be in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Brazil. They often lack passports and the means to travel to the U.S. to try to gain entry at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes they are living in rural communities, hours and hours away from the capital city, sometimes they need protection when they make that trip,” Gelernt explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once parents are located and return to the United States, they will receive work permits, residency for three years and some support services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, we need the families to be given permanent legal status in light of what the United States government deliberately did to these families,” Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU is in talks with the government to provide some compensation to the families as part of settlement talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888802\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1043px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11888802\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite.jpg\" alt=\"aam-us.org graphic titled, 'Preparing your registration,' which includes the following sections: 1. Registration is the first step in reuniting your family. To complete the registration, be prepared to provide: 2. Your contact information (for example, email address, phone number, or physical address); 2. The separated parent's A-number, if known (this is an eight or nin-digit number that starts with the letter "A" that was on the documents provided by the U.S. immigration officials); 3. The separated child's A-number, if known; 4. The separated child's location, if known; 5. The separated child's contact information, if known (for example, email address or phone number); 6. If applicable, your legal representative's name and contact information (for example, phone mu,ber or email address). A signed Form G-28 is not required to complete the registration; 7. Registration is free. Only one registration is needed per family and should include all family members who were separated at the U.S.-Mexico border.\" width=\"1043\" height=\"695\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite.jpg 1043w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1043px) 100vw, 1043px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screen grab of the list of eligibility requirements from together.gov for parents separated from their children at the border to receive assistance from the federal government. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of together.gov)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A new strategy for an ongoing problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Bringing the IOM on board to help with the often-complex task of getting expelled migrants back to the U.S., is a reflection of just how difficult it has been for President Joe Biden’s administration to address \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">a chapter in U.S. immigration history\u003c/a> that drew widespread condemnation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11885260\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/BhaiFamily-1020x732.jpg\"]The task force has reunited about 50 families since starting its work in late February, but there are hundreds of parents, and perhaps between 1,000 and 2,000, who were separated from their children and have not been located. A lack of accurate records from the Trump administration makes it difficult to say for certain, said Brané from the Family Reunification Task Force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a huge challenge that we are absolutely committed to following through to meet and to do whatever we can to reunify these families,” she said as she outlined the new program in an interview with The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11868475/task-force-investigates-whether-trump-separated-families-earlier-than-known\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">separated thousands of migrant parents from their children in 2017 and 2018\u003c/a> as it moved to criminally prosecute people for crossing the southwest border, \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/news/2020/06/17/family-separation-under-trump-administration-timeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">including those seeking asylum\u003c/a>. Minors, who could not be held in criminal custody with their parents, were transferred to the Department of Health and Human Services. HHS faced allegations that, in some shelters, caregivers were instructed not to touch or comfort the children, and in others, children suffered sexual abuse, including by staff members. From the shelters, the children were then typically sent to live with a sponsor, often a relative or someone else with a connection to the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid public outrage, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/latin-america-court-decisions-politics-courts-ap-top-news-1dafadd6fee4447cadd4a0179553026e\">issued an executive order\u003c/a> halting the practice of family separations in June 2018, days before a federal judge did the same and demanded that separated families be reunited in response to a lawsuit filed by the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 5,500 children were separated from their families, according to the ACLU. The task force came up with an initial estimate closer to 4,000 but has been examining hundreds of other cases.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘An apology is not enough’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Department of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas held a virtual call with reunited families last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He made it very clear that an apology is not enough, that we really need to do a lot more for them and we recognize that,” Brané said, and added that the administration recognizes that it needs “to find a better, longer-term solution to provide families with stability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that, Brané said, will take more time, and perhaps action from Congress, to achieve that goal.\u003cbr>\n[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='immigration']\u003cbr>\nThe contract with the IOM and the expanded efforts to find migrant parents and help them reach the U.S. are initially planned to run for a year but could be extended if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll continue looking for people until we feel that we’ve exhausted the options,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This effort comes amid an increase over the past year in the number of migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border, especially children traveling alone, in part due to violence and poverty in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of what the Biden administration has portrayed as an effort to address the “root causes” of border crossings, it announced separately Monday that the government would start taking applications for an expanded program that enables children in Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador to join parents and legal guardians who are citizens or have legal residency in the U.S. That program was halted under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Michelle Wiley.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Together with the International Organization for Migration, the Biden administration will be helping reunite migrant families separated at the border during the Trump presidency, using the website: together.gov.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Biden administration is expanding its effort to find and reunite \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11797878/zero-tolerance-an-ongoing-history-of-family-separations-at-the-u-s-mexico-border\">migrant families who were separated at the U.S.-Mexico border during the Trump presidency\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A federal task force is launching a new program Monday that officials say will expand efforts to find parents, many of whom are in remote Central American communities, and help them return to the United States, where they will get at least three years of legal residency and other assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We recognize that we can’t make these families completely whole again,” said Michelle Brané, executive director of the administration’s Family Reunification Task Force. “But we want to do everything we can to put them on a path towards a better life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the new program, the federal government has agreed on a contract with the International Organization for Migration (IOM), an intergovernmental body that helps manage migration patterns and provide humanitarian assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program also includes a web portal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.together.gov/\">together.gov\u003c/a>, that will allow parents to contact the U.S. government to begin the process of reunification. The site and an outreach campaign to promote it will be in English, Spanish, Portuguese and several Indigenous languages of Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888800\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1347px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11888800\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu.jpg\" alt='A graphic that reads out, \"Do you qualify? You may qualify for reunification if you are either: 1. A parent or legal guardian who was separated under U.S. immigration laws, including through the use of the Zero Tolerance policy, from their child by the U.S. government at the U.S.-Mexico border; 2. A child who was separated under U.S. immigration laws, including through the use of the Zero Tolerance policy, from their parent or legal guardian by the U.S. government at the U.S.-Mexico border; 3. The separation occurred between January 20, 2017 to January 20, 2021. Parents and children who were previously reunited also qualify for Task Force benefits and should register.' width=\"1347\" height=\"898\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu.jpg 1347w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/ploiuoytfrgyhu-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1347px) 100vw, 1347px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screen grab of the qualifications to be eligible for the together.gov portal for parents seeking to be reunited with their children in the U.S. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of together.gov)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The IOM will help with the logistics of reuniting families, explained Lee Gelernt, deputy director of the ACLU’s Immigrants’ Rights Project, who welcomed the Biden administration’s expanded efforts as “an important first step,” though he believes migrants should get more than three years of residency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IOM will also be tasked with “allowing the family to get passports more easily, [getting them] to the U.S. embassy, [getting] travel documents, [making] plane reservations, but also simply to get them from one place to another,” said Gelernt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the parents are believed to be in Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico and Brazil. They often lack passports and the means to travel to the U.S. to try to gain entry at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes they are living in rural communities, hours and hours away from the capital city, sometimes they need protection when they make that trip,” Gelernt explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once parents are located and return to the United States, they will receive work permits, residency for three years and some support services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, we need the families to be given permanent legal status in light of what the United States government deliberately did to these families,” Gelernt said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU is in talks with the government to provide some compensation to the families as part of settlement talks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11888802\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1043px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11888802\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite.jpg\" alt=\"aam-us.org graphic titled, 'Preparing your registration,' which includes the following sections: 1. Registration is the first step in reuniting your family. To complete the registration, be prepared to provide: 2. Your contact information (for example, email address, phone number, or physical address); 2. The separated parent's A-number, if known (this is an eight or nin-digit number that starts with the letter "A" that was on the documents provided by the U.S. immigration officials); 3. The separated child's A-number, if known; 4. The separated child's location, if known; 5. The separated child's contact information, if known (for example, email address or phone number); 6. If applicable, your legal representative's name and contact information (for example, phone mu,ber or email address). A signed Form G-28 is not required to complete the registration; 7. Registration is free. Only one registration is needed per family and should include all family members who were separated at the U.S.-Mexico border.\" width=\"1043\" height=\"695\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite.jpg 1043w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/09/preparing-registration-reunite-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1043px) 100vw, 1043px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screen grab of the list of eligibility requirements from together.gov for parents separated from their children at the border to receive assistance from the federal government. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of together.gov)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>A new strategy for an ongoing problem\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Bringing the IOM on board to help with the often-complex task of getting expelled migrants back to the U.S., is a reflection of just how difficult it has been for President Joe Biden’s administration to address \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">a chapter in U.S. immigration history\u003c/a> that drew widespread condemnation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The task force has reunited about 50 families since starting its work in late February, but there are hundreds of parents, and perhaps between 1,000 and 2,000, who were separated from their children and have not been located. A lack of accurate records from the Trump administration makes it difficult to say for certain, said Brané from the Family Reunification Task Force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is a huge challenge that we are absolutely committed to following through to meet and to do whatever we can to reunify these families,” she said as she outlined the new program in an interview with The Associated Press.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11868475/task-force-investigates-whether-trump-separated-families-earlier-than-known\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">separated thousands of migrant parents from their children in 2017 and 2018\u003c/a> as it moved to criminally prosecute people for crossing the southwest border, \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.splcenter.org/news/2020/06/17/family-separation-under-trump-administration-timeline\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">including those seeking asylum\u003c/a>. Minors, who could not be held in criminal custody with their parents, were transferred to the Department of Health and Human Services. HHS faced allegations that, in some shelters, caregivers were instructed not to touch or comfort the children, and in others, children suffered sexual abuse, including by staff members. From the shelters, the children were then typically sent to live with a sponsor, often a relative or someone else with a connection to the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid public outrage, Trump \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/latin-america-court-decisions-politics-courts-ap-top-news-1dafadd6fee4447cadd4a0179553026e\">issued an executive order\u003c/a> halting the practice of family separations in June 2018, days before a federal judge did the same and demanded that separated families be reunited in response to a lawsuit filed by the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 5,500 children were separated from their families, according to the ACLU. The task force came up with an initial estimate closer to 4,000 but has been examining hundreds of other cases.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘An apology is not enough’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Department of Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas held a virtual call with reunited families last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He made it very clear that an apology is not enough, that we really need to do a lot more for them and we recognize that,” Brané said, and added that the administration recognizes that it needs “to find a better, longer-term solution to provide families with stability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that, Brané said, will take more time, and perhaps action from Congress, to achieve that goal.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThe contract with the IOM and the expanded efforts to find migrant parents and help them reach the U.S. are initially planned to run for a year but could be extended if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll continue looking for people until we feel that we’ve exhausted the options,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This effort comes amid an increase over the past year in the number of migrants attempting to cross the U.S.-Mexico border, especially children traveling alone, in part due to violence and poverty in Central America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of what the Biden administration has portrayed as an effort to address the “root causes” of border crossings, it announced separately Monday that the government would start taking applications for an expanded program that enables children in Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador to join parents and legal guardians who are citizens or have legal residency in the U.S. That program was halted under Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from KQED’s Michelle Wiley.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"soldout": {
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