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"content": "\u003cp>Even as California has begun providing the COVID-19 vaccine to thousands of incarcerated people, advocates fear vulnerable detained immigrants are being forgotten, with neither federal nor state authorities seeming to take responsibility for this population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials maintain California is in charge of distributing the vaccine to immigrants held in facilities throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Vaccines for detainees are being allocated by local and state health departments, and timelines vary based on availability and priorities within each state,” said Danielle Bennett, an ICE spokesperson, in a statement this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ICE has been working with state and local health departments to ensure that the ICE detainee population is included in state vaccination plans,” she added. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hamid Yazdan Panah, advocacy director for Immigrant Defense Advocates\"]‘Not only have they not been vaccinating folks in ICE detention, but there seemingly does not appear to be a plan in place.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But until recently, California officials believed ICE was leading inoculation efforts for people in its custody, according to members of an advisory group tasked with helping public health officials distribute the vaccine equitably.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think everyone prior to this week was under the assumption that it is federal property, so it was going to be up to the federal government,” said Orville Thomas, who sits on the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Community-Vaccine-Advisory-Committee.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Community Vaccine Advisory Committee\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s office did not return repeated requests for comment, and the California Department of Public Health referred questions to ICE.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Suggest you reach out to ICE for information,” a CDPH spokesperson told KQED in an email. “When we have additional information to share, we will loop back with you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration detention centers, like other congregate settings, pose a greater risk of COVID-19 infection, with one study estimating the mean case rate among ICE detainees was about \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/health/2020/11/11/covid-ice-detainee-case-rate-higher-than-general-us-study/6220333002/\">13 times\u003c/a> higher than for the U.S. population overall during the first six months of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, the coronavirus has swept through nearly all of the seven immigration detention facilities, infecting hundreds of detainees and dozens of staffers. In May, a 57-year-old Salvadoran man held at the Otay Mesa Detention Center, near San Diego, became the first person to die from COVID-19 in ICE custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are lives that are at greater risk considering what we know happens at these facilities,” said Thomas, who directs government affairs at the California Immigrant Policy Center in Sacramento. “So if the ball was dropped, it needs to get picked up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state initially prioritized people in congregate settings, including those incarcerated, for vaccine allocation. More than 8,700 state prison inmates — 9% of the total prison population — have received the first round of the vaccine, according to the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it is unclear if any immigrant detainees in the state have been inoculated yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE and two private prison companies operating most of the detention facilities in California — the GEO Group and CoreCivic — declined to answer whether any detainees in their custody had received the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Issa Arnita, a spokesman with Management & Training Corp., which runs the Imperial Regional Detention Facility in Calexico, said while some staffers have received doses, the vaccine “has not yet reached detainees.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Arnita said that the company would offer the vaccine to people held in its facilities once local authorities deliver it. [aside tag=\"ice, immigration, migration\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as we can get more vaccines from the health department, we will make them available to all staff and detainees,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates and lawyers representing ICE detainees in California said they didn’t know of anyone held at these facilities who had received the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, dozens of organizations renewed their calls for state officials to include immigrant detainees in their vaccination plans and disclose the details and timeline, sending a \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hl1OQfsm1vtz0bFw4K7hZixnEBvGW8NLmb9z3YWVIoM/edit?usp=sharing\">letter\u003c/a> to Governor Gavin Newsom and Dr. Tomás Aragón, the head of the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only have they not been vaccinating folks in ICE detention, but there seemingly does not appear to be a plan in place,” said Hamid Yazdan Panah, who directs advocacy for Immigrant Defense Advocates, one of the letter’s main signatories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently over 1,200 ICE detainees in California. The number of people held in immigration detention centers has plummeted during the pandemic to 14,200 nationwide — from 23,400 last June — in part because courts have ordered ICE to release vulnerable immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, nearly 9,000 people who were or are in ICE detention have tested positive for the virus so far, including hundreds in California, according to agency figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has argued in court recently that it has the right to protect people’s safety and health within its borders, even those who are in federal detention facilities. Yet with ICE declining responsibility, and California seeming to take no action, Yazdan Panah worries that immigrant detainees may not be able to receive the vaccine at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we want to see is California exercising [its] right and ensuring that individuals in these facilities are protected,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bureaucratic confusion comes as the state struggles with one of the slowest vaccine rollouts in the nation. One of the biggest problems is that the federal government hasn’t delivered enough doses to the state, said Kiran Savage-Sangwan, who directs the California Pan-Ethnic Health Network and also sits on the CDPH’s Community Vaccine Advisory Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the limited supply, California is trying to speed up delivery by shifting from a complex list of at-risk populations and essential workers, to a simpler age-based system, with those 65 and older first in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That change, and the state’s lack of clarity around who is in charge of vaccinating immigrant detainees, may delay COVID-19 protections even longer for people held at ICE facilities, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope it gets resolved because it’s so important,” said Savage-Sangwan. “We really have seen major outbreaks in the detention centers and we have to, you know, not be playing hot potato with this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As soon as we can get more vaccines from the health department, we will make them available to all staff and detainees,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates and lawyers representing ICE detainees in California said they didn’t know of anyone held at these facilities who had received the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, dozens of organizations renewed their calls for state officials to include immigrant detainees in their vaccination plans and disclose the details and timeline, sending a \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hl1OQfsm1vtz0bFw4K7hZixnEBvGW8NLmb9z3YWVIoM/edit?usp=sharing\">letter\u003c/a> to Governor Gavin Newsom and Dr. Tomás Aragón, the head of the California Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not only have they not been vaccinating folks in ICE detention, but there seemingly does not appear to be a plan in place,” said Hamid Yazdan Panah, who directs advocacy for Immigrant Defense Advocates, one of the letter’s main signatories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are currently over 1,200 ICE detainees in California. The number of people held in immigration detention centers has plummeted during the pandemic to 14,200 nationwide — from 23,400 last June — in part because courts have ordered ICE to release vulnerable immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, nearly 9,000 people who were or are in ICE detention have tested positive for the virus so far, including hundreds in California, according to agency figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state has argued in court recently that it has the right to protect people’s safety and health within its borders, even those who are in federal detention facilities. Yet with ICE declining responsibility, and California seeming to take no action, Yazdan Panah worries that immigrant detainees may not be able to receive the vaccine at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we want to see is California exercising [its] right and ensuring that individuals in these facilities are protected,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bureaucratic confusion comes as the state struggles with one of the slowest vaccine rollouts in the nation. One of the biggest problems is that the federal government hasn’t delivered enough doses to the state, said Kiran Savage-Sangwan, who directs the California Pan-Ethnic Health Network and also sits on the CDPH’s Community Vaccine Advisory Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with the limited supply, California is trying to speed up delivery by shifting from a complex list of at-risk populations and essential workers, to a simpler age-based system, with those 65 and older first in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That change, and the state’s lack of clarity around who is in charge of vaccinating immigrant detainees, may delay COVID-19 protections even longer for people held at ICE facilities, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope it gets resolved because it’s so important,” said Savage-Sangwan. “We really have seen major outbreaks in the detention centers and we have to, you know, not be playing hot potato with this issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>An ambitious plan tailored to deliver coronavirus vaccines to California’s most vulnerable populations is fraying under pressure to simplify and speed up the state’s rocky vaccination rollout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week after Gov. Gavin Newsom expanded vaccine eligibility to residents 65 and older, state officials are now proposing a plan to complete vaccinations for all seniors before anyone else. The shift is causing frustration among health advocates who have spent the last two months hashing out a plan that prioritized essential workers and gave more weight to racial and socioeconomic factors.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Tomás Aragón, director of the California Department of Public Health\"]‘The feedback that we got is, the first system is too complicated, it’s slowing us down. Got to keep it simple. Simplicity is going to save lives.’[/pullquote]With a scarce vaccine supply and a mounting death toll, the tension between equity and efficiency is increasing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The feedback that we got is, the first system is too complicated, it’s slowing us down,” said Tomás Aragón, the new director of the state’s Department of Public Health, who helped outline the new age-based priority proposal at public meetings on Jan. 12 and Jan. 20. “Got to keep it simple. Simplicity is going to save lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Distributing vaccines by age is easier and will help ease the burden on the state’s overwhelmed health care system, Aragón said. Older people account for 65% of ICU admissions in California and 83% of deaths, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/state-dashboard/\">latest state health data\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are 6.2 million Californians 65 and older, and the state is only receiving up to 500,000 doses of vaccine every week, according to state epidemiologist Dr. Erica Pan. At that rate, the state wouldn’t begin vaccinating essential workers until May.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Disparate Impacts\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Equity advocates called this proposed delay “disturbing,” arguing that many\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11851270/californias-farmworkers-feed-the-world-should-they-be-next-for-a-vaccine\"> agricultural workers\u003c/a> face equal or higher health risk at work than do elderly people who may have the means to shelter at home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not everyone that’s 65 and over has the same level of vulnerability,” said Diana Tellefson Torres, executive director of the United Farm Workers Foundation. “Farmworkers are a very vulnerable population regardless of age.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, 13% of agricultural workers have never been to a doctor and 78% do not have insurance, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/01/image.png\">UFW Foundation survey of 14,000 workers\u003c/a>. Farmworkers, grocery store workers and meatpackers, who cannot work from home, have been disproportionately impacted by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s for those reasons the state initially placed food workers — along with teachers, emergency responders and people over 74 — next in line to get the vaccine after\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11848963/if-there-arent-enough-vaccines-for-all-health-care-workers-in-california-which-doctors-nurses-or-aides-will-get-it-first\"> health care workers \u003c/a>and residents and staff of long-term care homes. Some counties and employers had already notified these workers that they were next in line before the governor on Jan. 13 expanded eligibility to include people 65 and older.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Diana Tellefson Torres, executive director of the United Farm Workers Foundation\"]‘Not everyone that’s 65 and over has the same level of vulnerability. Farmworkers are a very vulnerable population regardless of age.’[/pullquote]“Moving millions of people farther ahead in line, by definition, means millions of others are farther back in line,” said Mitch Steiger, legislative advocate for the California Labor Federation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steiger’s group is one of 70 the state asked to be part of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Community-Vaccine-Advisory-Committee.aspx\"> Community Vaccine Advisory Committee\u003c/a> to help develop a “safe, equitable, transparent” distribution plan. Many members saw it as an opportunity to correct some of the entrenched inequities in the health system, and even to\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11849892/california-may-consider-historical-injustice-in-deciding-how-to-allocate-coronavirus-vaccine\"> repair historical injustices\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now that counties and health providers are struggling with logistical challenges of administering the vaccine, some fault the committee’s work for being big on ideas but short on follow through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been so caught up in some of the minutia, honestly, of ‘What sectors? In which phase?’ ” said Denny Chan, senior staff attorney at Justice in Aging. “But we don’t seem to be spending the same amount of time and consideration on thinking through how you’re going to get to those people ultimately in the end.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Logistics and Flexibility\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Several members of the advisory group say moving to age-based priority guidelines will be a more efficient, effective means of administering scarce vaccines, while at the same time taking an equitable approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurance plans say they have data on the age and underlying health conditions of their members and can easily notify them when they are eligible to receive the vaccine. But they don’t have reliable data on people’s occupations or job sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to slice and dice the data to get to the populations that need it the most,” said Brianna Lierman, CEO of Local Health Plans of California, a trade group of insurers that cover low-income Medi-Cal patients. “Loosening it up so that we can get out there and get shots in people’s arms is absolutely the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An age-based approach is one that is most likely to succeed and therefore can help build credibility with the public, Lierman said, adding, “A Medi-Cal lens is an equity lens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some vaccine committee members are asking the state to give vaccinators more flexibility and discretion to help prevent doses from being wasted. That includes Mary McCune, regulatory affairs director with the California Dental Association, whose members are being tapped to help expand the state’s corps of vaccinators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCune said if there is someone like a farmworker who is 65 and has to drive an hour to a vaccination site with his wife, who’s 63, it makes sense to vaccinate them both at the same time, and maybe even their adult child who gave them a ride. That way, she added, you’re not asking each family member to travel back and forth three times before that person’s group is called.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This flexibility could also help overcome vaccine hesitancy in communities of color, said Kiran Savage-Sangwan, executive director of the California Pan-Ethnic Health Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Equity in an Age-Based System\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After Newsom on Jan. 13 opened vaccinations to people 65 and older, seniors flooded phone lines and online registration portals, trying to get appointments at their doctors’ offices or one of the new mass-vaccination centers like those at Disneyland and Cal Expo. This overwhelmed existing health system infrastructure, and many seniors, at least those with the time and tenacity to wait it out, were left on hold for up to eight hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"vaccine\"]“The first-come, first-serve approach will inherently favor the people who are savvy enough to navigate those systems,” and many low-income or older seniors will be left out, said Chan, from Justice in Aging. “They’re going to require different strategies than the cookie-cutter, one-size-fits-all Dodger Stadium approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7183732/\">A recent study\u003c/a> investigating racial inequities in heart-failure treatment, showed white patients were more likely to receive specialty care because they were more likely to vigorously advocate for access to that care. Unless the state takes more proactive measures to reach vulnerable communities, the same trend will likely play out with vaccines, said Dr. Michelle Morse, a professor at Harvard Medical School who worked on the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks who are white feel that they are entitled, or feel that they should have access to certain things that other groups have either been told that they shouldn’t have access to or actually have been intentionally excluded from having access to,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials say they are aware of these trends and want to counteract them. They believe they can still pursue equity goals within an age-based system, said Dr. Nadine Burke-Harris, California’s surgeon general and co-chair of the vaccine committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state, for example, is working on different ways to “operationalize equity,” she said. It is developing outreach strategies for vulnerable communities and may direct a certain percentage of vaccines to seniors in low-income neighborhoods based on the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://healthyplacesindex.org/\">Healthy Places Index\u003c/a>, which measures access to safe housing, education and health care by ZIP code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a data-based tool to calculate how to distribute scarce resources equitably,” she said. “It supports a need for both simplicity and equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Moving millions of people farther ahead in line, by definition, means millions of others are farther back in line,” said Mitch Steiger, legislative advocate for the California Labor Federation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steiger’s group is one of 70 the state asked to be part of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/Community-Vaccine-Advisory-Committee.aspx\"> Community Vaccine Advisory Committee\u003c/a> to help develop a “safe, equitable, transparent” distribution plan. Many members saw it as an opportunity to correct some of the entrenched inequities in the health system, and even to\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11849892/california-may-consider-historical-injustice-in-deciding-how-to-allocate-coronavirus-vaccine\"> repair historical injustices\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now that counties and health providers are struggling with logistical challenges of administering the vaccine, some fault the committee’s work for being big on ideas but short on follow through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have been so caught up in some of the minutia, honestly, of ‘What sectors? In which phase?’ ” said Denny Chan, senior staff attorney at Justice in Aging. “But we don’t seem to be spending the same amount of time and consideration on thinking through how you’re going to get to those people ultimately in the end.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Logistics and Flexibility\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Several members of the advisory group say moving to age-based priority guidelines will be a more efficient, effective means of administering scarce vaccines, while at the same time taking an equitable approach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health insurance plans say they have data on the age and underlying health conditions of their members and can easily notify them when they are eligible to receive the vaccine. But they don’t have reliable data on people’s occupations or job sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know how to slice and dice the data to get to the populations that need it the most,” said Brianna Lierman, CEO of Local Health Plans of California, a trade group of insurers that cover low-income Medi-Cal patients. “Loosening it up so that we can get out there and get shots in people’s arms is absolutely the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An age-based approach is one that is most likely to succeed and therefore can help build credibility with the public, Lierman said, adding, “A Medi-Cal lens is an equity lens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some vaccine committee members are asking the state to give vaccinators more flexibility and discretion to help prevent doses from being wasted. That includes Mary McCune, regulatory affairs director with the California Dental Association, whose members are being tapped to help expand the state’s corps of vaccinators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McCune said if there is someone like a farmworker who is 65 and has to drive an hour to a vaccination site with his wife, who’s 63, it makes sense to vaccinate them both at the same time, and maybe even their adult child who gave them a ride. That way, she added, you’re not asking each family member to travel back and forth three times before that person’s group is called.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This flexibility could also help overcome vaccine hesitancy in communities of color, said Kiran Savage-Sangwan, executive director of the California Pan-Ethnic Health Network.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Equity in an Age-Based System\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>After Newsom on Jan. 13 opened vaccinations to people 65 and older, seniors flooded phone lines and online registration portals, trying to get appointments at their doctors’ offices or one of the new mass-vaccination centers like those at Disneyland and Cal Expo. This overwhelmed existing health system infrastructure, and many seniors, at least those with the time and tenacity to wait it out, were left on hold for up to eight hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The first-come, first-serve approach will inherently favor the people who are savvy enough to navigate those systems,” and many low-income or older seniors will be left out, said Chan, from Justice in Aging. “They’re going to require different strategies than the cookie-cutter, one-size-fits-all Dodger Stadium approach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7183732/\">A recent study\u003c/a> investigating racial inequities in heart-failure treatment, showed white patients were more likely to receive specialty care because they were more likely to vigorously advocate for access to that care. Unless the state takes more proactive measures to reach vulnerable communities, the same trend will likely play out with vaccines, said Dr. Michelle Morse, a professor at Harvard Medical School who worked on the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Folks who are white feel that they are entitled, or feel that they should have access to certain things that other groups have either been told that they shouldn’t have access to or actually have been intentionally excluded from having access to,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials say they are aware of these trends and want to counteract them. They believe they can still pursue equity goals within an age-based system, said Dr. Nadine Burke-Harris, California’s surgeon general and co-chair of the vaccine committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state, for example, is working on different ways to “operationalize equity,” she said. It is developing outreach strategies for vulnerable communities and may direct a certain percentage of vaccines to seniors in low-income neighborhoods based on the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://healthyplacesindex.org/\">Healthy Places Index\u003c/a>, which measures access to safe housing, education and health care by ZIP code.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a data-based tool to calculate how to distribute scarce resources equitably,” she said. “It supports a need for both simplicity and equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When UCSF wanted to look into COVID-19 disparities in the Black community, they tapped \u003ca href=\"http://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/profiles/rhoads_kim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Kim Rhoads\u003c/a>. Rhoads is an epidemiologist and biostatistician at UCSF who has done extensive outreach in the Bay Area’s Black community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most current research points to higher COVID-19 infection rates among Black people in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says Black Americans are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1.4 times\u003c/a> more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts. (That rate was at 2.6 times more likely when KQED checked on Nov. 21.) And according to the state public health department, Black people make up approximately \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/state-dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4% \u003c/a>of positive cases in California but only 6% of the total population in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to Rhoads, those statistics don’t tell the full story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking into infection rates among Black Americans in Oakland, Rhoads discovered that virus positivity may be lower than is being reported by public health departments and the media because a large portion of the Black population is being missed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sizable number of people in the community, she said, are untested, unreached and uncounted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She discovered that trend after her team tested 1,000 people across Oakland at eight separate pop-up testing events, and only two Black participants came back positive, leading to a positivity rate of less than 1%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Starting Umoja\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To begin examining disparities in Oakland, Rhoads knew she needed to put together a diverse team of stakeholders — so she brought in community groups, public health departments, and, of course, UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team is called \u003ca href=\"https://unitedinhealthoakland.org/en/eastoakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Umoja Health\u003c/a>. Umoja in Swahili means “unity,” and it’s the first principle of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwanzaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kwanzaa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they started in September, Umoja aimed to get more Black and African American folks tested for the coronavirus and to use that data to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do that, they set up eight pop-up testing sites throughout Oakland over two months in census tracts with greater than 40% African American population represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pop-ups were unlike other testing sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a live DJ playing music, volunteers wore T-shirts that said Umoja, and they handed out goody bags with resource sheets and masks. The overall mood was festive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11852160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1020x575.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1536x866.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re trying to shift is the idea that if you’re going for testing, you’re not going into a clinical or medical environment where people don’t know you and maybe they don’t care,” said Rhoads on a Saturday in September at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cohccministries.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center of Hope Community Church\u003c/a> parking lot, one of their pop-up sites where folks could walk or drive up to get swab and antibody tests for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said their approach was to create testing sites with familiar faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of asking people to come to the clinic, we want to bring the clinic to the people. And when we bring the clinic to the people, we want it to look like the community is bringing it to the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They got rid of the UCSF logos, the Department of Public Health signs — making the site look more like a health fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said Black people in San Francisco weren’t getting tested despite having testing available to them. Over the summer, she helped organize COVID-19 testing sites in the city’s neighborhoods with the largest African American population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822167/community-led-effort-brings-free-covid-19-testing-to-bayview-hunters-point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point\u003c/a> and Sunnydale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said at one clinic they were only serving a fifth of their capacity and swabs were just sitting there unused, largely due to the relationship between the community and the public health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852156\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852156\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the same thing was happening in Alameda County where testing sites located in predominantly Black neighborhoods weren’t being used by Black people. She says roughly four out five people getting tested were non-Black, like at \u003ca href=\"https://rootsclinic.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roots Community Health Center\u003c/a>, an East Oakland clinic that serves mostly African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jamaica Sowell, director of programs and policy with Roots Community Health Center, said 20% of people getting tested at their clinic are Black or of African descent, but added that the percentage doesn’t include those of mixed race, which often include African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Becoming Credible Messengers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said an initiative where Black people and allies work together to serve the Black community is significant because it can help fight misinformation that has been spreading within the community since the start of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daryle Allums Sr., executive director of local anti-gun-violence group \u003ca href=\"https://adamikavillage.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adamika Village\u003c/a>, said there’s not enough COVID-19 education in East Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"covid-19, pandemic\" label=\"More coronavirus coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need credible messengers that our community can trust to give this information. If that’s from a Black doctor, if that’s from a community leader, a pastor — however that look. We need to right education,” Allums said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja popped up at churches, the West Oakland BART station, an outdoor market featuring Black small-business owners called Akoma Market, and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At their first pop-up in Akoma Market, Rhoads said they had zero positives out of 75 people tested. “But with the rate of infection that was being reported, we should have had at least one or two,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Results\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Umoja tested exactly 1,000 people (not including volunteers), over half of whom were Black. And only a total of two Black people tested positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A positivity rate of less than 1% contrasts starkly with other reports. So how could the results be so different?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the answer lies in their testing group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that we were really reaching a high percentage of folks who had never been tested before,” she said. Over half of the Black people they tested said they were first-time testers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rhoads, that means they were capturing a larger pool of the Black American population. These are people who may be living “on the edge,” as she put it, but are generally housed. They have jobs but might not have health care or just don’t trust the health care system due to a history of systemic racism. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Kim Rhoads, UCSF epidemiologist\"]“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system.”[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said these testers are the “regular folks” who public health officials and the media don’t always pay attention to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And misreporting the percentages as higher than they actually are can create a narrative that all Black people are disproportionately getting infected by the coronavirus. She said the mortality rate \u003cem>is\u003c/em> higher, but when public health officials and the media portray the community as a monolith, they risk feeding some ugly assumptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said what’s missed is the fact that Black folks are being responsible — they’re wearing masks, social distancing and following public health guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rhoads is confident in her data, this is one study, and researchers need to continue probing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pivoting to Vaccines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When talks of vaccines emerged, Rhoads knew they’d have to leverage the credibility and trust they’ve developed in the community in order to get the word out about vaccines, but in the tried-and-true Umoja way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would be providing information and resources and opportunity to question the vaccine,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To dictate to people what they should do is very not Umoja,” she said. “In fact, it’s the old way, which is the paternalistic health care system, telling people, particularly people of color in underserved communities, why the problems that they’re having are their own fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that “paternalistic” approach might be comforting to folks who haven’t been historically marginalized by the health care system — especially from an esteemed institution like UCSF — that’s not the case with many Black Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/10/25/556673640/scientists-work-to-overcome-legacy-of-tuskegee-study-henrietta-lacks\">to the Tuskegee experiment\u003c/a>, you know, Henrietta Lacks. A lot of things have been done, unfortunately, against the Black community,” said Dr. Demisha Burns, an Umoja volunteer whose day-to-day job involves \u003ca href=\"http://womenhiv.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">helping women affected by HIV/AIDS in Oakland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852154\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852154\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical Care, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman whose cancer cells were taken without her consent in the 1950s, and companies made money using them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, of course, people are like, ‘I’m not going to go get tested. I’m not going to go do this. I’m not going to go get a vaccine,’ ” Burns said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on survey data collected at their pop-ups, Rhoads knew they had their work cut out for them. At an Umoja meeting in November, Rhoads said of the thousand participants, when asked about whether or not they’d be willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine, survey results showed people were equally split across getting the vaccine and not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a willingness to get the vaccine among African Americans suffered a slight drop after their last pop-up, going from 43% down to 40%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Shaw, director of the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd.org/urban-male-health/\">Urban Male Health Initiative\u003c/a> with the Alameda County Public Health Department, chimed in at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I talk to folks, mainly Black folks, they say I’d like other ethnicities to try it first because we don’t trust that it’s going to be good for us. I’ve heard that comment over and over,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking for practical solutions, Rhoads said it’s important for trusted community members to get vaccinated and speak about their experience, telling folks whether they had side effects or not, and so forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja, she said, empowers people with information so they can make their own decisions.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"description": "When UCSF wanted to look into COVID-19 disparities in the Black community, they tapped Dr. Kim Rhoads. Rhoads is an epidemiologist and biostatistician at UCSF who has done extensive outreach in the Bay Area’s Black community. Most current research points to higher COVID-19 infection rates among Black people in the U.S. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says Black Americans are 1.4 times more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts. (That rate was at 2.6 times more likely when KQED checked on Nov. 21.) And according to the state public health department, Black people make",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When UCSF wanted to look into COVID-19 disparities in the Black community, they tapped \u003ca href=\"http://cancer.ucsf.edu/people/profiles/rhoads_kim\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dr. Kim Rhoads\u003c/a>. Rhoads is an epidemiologist and biostatistician at UCSF who has done extensive outreach in the Bay Area’s Black community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most current research points to higher COVID-19 infection rates among Black people in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention says Black Americans are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">1.4 times\u003c/a> more likely to catch the virus compared to their white counterparts. (That rate was at 2.6 times more likely when KQED checked on Nov. 21.) And according to the state public health department, Black people make up approximately \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/state-dashboard/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4% \u003c/a>of positive cases in California but only 6% of the total population in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But according to Rhoads, those statistics don’t tell the full story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking into infection rates among Black Americans in Oakland, Rhoads discovered that virus positivity may be lower than is being reported by public health departments and the media because a large portion of the Black population is being missed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sizable number of people in the community, she said, are untested, unreached and uncounted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She discovered that trend after her team tested 1,000 people across Oakland at eight separate pop-up testing events, and only two Black participants came back positive, leading to a positivity rate of less than 1%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Starting Umoja\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To begin examining disparities in Oakland, Rhoads knew she needed to put together a diverse team of stakeholders — so she brought in community groups, public health departments, and, of course, UCSF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The team is called \u003ca href=\"https://unitedinhealthoakland.org/en/eastoakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Umoja Health\u003c/a>. Umoja in Swahili means “unity,” and it’s the first principle of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kwanzaa\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Kwanzaa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they started in September, Umoja aimed to get more Black and African American folks tested for the coronavirus and to use that data to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To do that, they set up eight pop-up testing sites throughout Oakland over two months in census tracts with greater than 40% African American population represented.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pop-ups were unlike other testing sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was a live DJ playing music, volunteers wore T-shirts that said Umoja, and they handed out goody bags with resource sheets and masks. The overall mood was festive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11852160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-800x451.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1020x575.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6-1536x866.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-6.png 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we’re trying to shift is the idea that if you’re going for testing, you’re not going into a clinical or medical environment where people don’t know you and maybe they don’t care,” said Rhoads on a Saturday in September at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cohccministries.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center of Hope Community Church\u003c/a> parking lot, one of their pop-up sites where folks could walk or drive up to get swab and antibody tests for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said their approach was to create testing sites with familiar faces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of asking people to come to the clinic, we want to bring the clinic to the people. And when we bring the clinic to the people, we want it to look like the community is bringing it to the community,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They got rid of the UCSF logos, the Department of Public Health signs — making the site look more like a health fair.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said Black people in San Francisco weren’t getting tested despite having testing available to them. Over the summer, she helped organize COVID-19 testing sites in the city’s neighborhoods with the largest African American population, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822167/community-led-effort-brings-free-covid-19-testing-to-bayview-hunters-point\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Francisco’s Bayview-Hunters Point\u003c/a> and Sunnydale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said at one clinic they were only serving a fifth of their capacity and swabs were just sitting there unused, largely due to the relationship between the community and the public health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852156\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852156\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Phlebotomy tech Brandon Tran administers a COVID-19 swab test to Herb Sanders in his car at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the same thing was happening in Alameda County where testing sites located in predominantly Black neighborhoods weren’t being used by Black people. She says roughly four out five people getting tested were non-Black, like at \u003ca href=\"https://rootsclinic.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Roots Community Health Center\u003c/a>, an East Oakland clinic that serves mostly African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jamaica Sowell, director of programs and policy with Roots Community Health Center, said 20% of people getting tested at their clinic are Black or of African descent, but added that the percentage doesn’t include those of mixed race, which often include African Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Becoming Credible Messengers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said an initiative where Black people and allies work together to serve the Black community is significant because it can help fight misinformation that has been spreading within the community since the start of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daryle Allums Sr., executive director of local anti-gun-violence group \u003ca href=\"https://adamikavillage.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adamika Village\u003c/a>, said there’s not enough COVID-19 education in East Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need credible messengers that our community can trust to give this information. If that’s from a Black doctor, if that’s from a community leader, a pastor — however that look. We need to right education,” Allums said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja popped up at churches, the West Oakland BART station, an outdoor market featuring Black small-business owners called Akoma Market, and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At their first pop-up in Akoma Market, Rhoads said they had zero positives out of 75 people tested. “But with the rate of infection that was being reported, we should have had at least one or two,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Results\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, Umoja tested exactly 1,000 people (not including volunteers), over half of whom were Black. And only a total of two Black people tested positive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A positivity rate of less than 1% contrasts starkly with other reports. So how could the results be so different?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said the answer lies in their testing group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that we were really reaching a high percentage of folks who had never been tested before,” she said. Over half of the Black people they tested said they were first-time testers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Rhoads, that means they were capturing a larger pool of the Black American population. These are people who may be living “on the edge,” as she put it, but are generally housed. They have jobs but might not have health care or just don’t trust the health care system due to a history of systemic racism. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system.”",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So we’re seeing the people who are not in the system. They’re not in the congregate living setting system, and they’re not in the prison system. They’re just not in the system,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said these testers are the “regular folks” who public health officials and the media don’t always pay attention to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And misreporting the percentages as higher than they actually are can create a narrative that all Black people are disproportionately getting infected by the coronavirus. She said the mortality rate \u003cem>is\u003c/em> higher, but when public health officials and the media portray the community as a monolith, they risk feeding some ugly assumptions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhoads said what’s missed is the fact that Black folks are being responsible — they’re wearing masks, social distancing and following public health guidelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rhoads is confident in her data, this is one study, and researchers need to continue probing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pivoting to Vaccines\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When talks of vaccines emerged, Rhoads knew they’d have to leverage the credibility and trust they’ve developed in the community in order to get the word out about vaccines, but in the tried-and-true Umoja way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would be providing information and resources and opportunity to question the vaccine,” Rhoads said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To dictate to people what they should do is very not Umoja,” she said. “In fact, it’s the old way, which is the paternalistic health care system, telling people, particularly people of color in underserved communities, why the problems that they’re having are their own fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While that “paternalistic” approach might be comforting to folks who haven’t been historically marginalized by the health care system — especially from an esteemed institution like UCSF — that’s not the case with many Black Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going back \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/10/25/556673640/scientists-work-to-overcome-legacy-of-tuskegee-study-henrietta-lacks\">to the Tuskegee experiment\u003c/a>, you know, Henrietta Lacks. A lot of things have been done, unfortunately, against the Black community,” said Dr. Demisha Burns, an Umoja volunteer whose day-to-day job involves \u003ca href=\"http://womenhiv.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">helping women affected by HIV/AIDS in Oakland\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11852154\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11852154\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja's mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Umoja-3.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Joy Kirkwood, an outreach specialist at LifeLong Medical Care, receives a COVID-19 test at a COVID-19 testing pop-up site by Umoja hosted by Acts Full Gospel Church in Oakland on Oct. 31, 2020. Umoja’s mission was to get more African Americans in Oakland to get tested for the coronavirus as well as to present a more accurate picture of positivity rates in the Black population. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Henrietta Lacks was an African American woman whose cancer cells were taken without her consent in the 1950s, and companies made money using them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, of course, people are like, ‘I’m not going to go get tested. I’m not going to go do this. I’m not going to go get a vaccine,’ ” Burns said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on survey data collected at their pop-ups, Rhoads knew they had their work cut out for them. At an Umoja meeting in November, Rhoads said of the thousand participants, when asked about whether or not they’d be willing to get the COVID-19 vaccine, survey results showed people were equally split across getting the vaccine and not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a willingness to get the vaccine among African Americans suffered a slight drop after their last pop-up, going from 43% down to 40%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Shaw, director of the \u003ca href=\"https://acphd.org/urban-male-health/\">Urban Male Health Initiative\u003c/a> with the Alameda County Public Health Department, chimed in at the meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I talk to folks, mainly Black folks, they say I’d like other ethnicities to try it first because we don’t trust that it’s going to be good for us. I’ve heard that comment over and over,” Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking for practical solutions, Rhoads said it’s important for trusted community members to get vaccinated and speak about their experience, telling folks whether they had side effects or not, and so forth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Umoja, she said, empowers people with information so they can make their own decisions.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "californias-farmworkers-feed-the-world-should-they-be-next-for-a-vaccine",
"title": "California’s Farmworkers Feed the World. Should They Be Next for a Vaccine?",
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"headTitle": "California’s Farmworkers Feed the World. Should They Be Next for a Vaccine? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>This summer, while many Californians went to work in their pajamas at their kitchen tables, Vicente Reyes went to work in the grape fields of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Other Americans have been able to shelter in place at home, we still keep working,” he said. “And without our work, there wouldn’t be any food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California produce, meat and dairy gets shipped all over the country and the world. This is why Reyes believes agricultural workers should be next to get the COVID-19 vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there would be a shortage of food, then there would be more chaos,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851296\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11851296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/VicenteReyes.jpg\" alt='\"\"' width=\"800\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/VicenteReyes.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/VicenteReyes-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vicente Reyes worked through the summer harvesting table grapes in the fields of California’s Central Valley. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Vicente Reyes)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While doctors, nurses and other health care workers began to receive the new COVID-19 vaccine this week, the state is still actively debating which essential workers will be next in line. Officials are using a framework of risk, equity and societal impact to decide who should be prioritized — meat packers, teachers, those who manage wastewater or electrical supply — and based on discussions so far, they appear to be giving deep consideration to agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.berkeley.edu/2020/12/02/california-farmworkers-hit-hard-by-covid-19-study-finds/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Studies\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.cirsinc.org/phocadownload/userupload/elevated_farmworker_vulnerability_covid-19_infection_research-report_absract_final_villarejo_07-25-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">show\u003c/a> farmworkers are at higher risk of contracting the coronavirus than the average population because they earn lower wages that force them to live in crowded conditions or drive to work sites in crowded trucks. There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11850332/covid-19-again-sweeps-through-foster-farms-plants-in-central-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">multiple outbreaks\u003c/a> at Foster Farms’ poultry processing plants in the state. And when agricultural workers do get sick, Reyes says, they can’t afford to take time off work or go to the doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try not to, because we would have to pay,” he says. “We just try to walk it out or try to find home remedies to get better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Diana Tellefson Torres, executive director of the United Farm Workers Foundation']‘This is definitely an opportunity to redress a lot of the inequities that farmworkers have experienced, not only for decades, but for centuries.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/naws/pdfs/NAWS_Research_Report_13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">About 50%\u003c/a> of farmworkers are undocumented, and without legal status they have been systematically left out of U.S. labor protections, like overtime and sick pay. Under the Affordable Care Act, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/142601/farming-industry-chafed-by-obamacare-requirements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> were prohibited from getting health insurance through the state’s Medicaid program or from buying it through the state’s marketplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without health coverage, advocates say farmworkers are paying the price with their lives: Latinos are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">almost three times\u003c/a> more likely to die from COVID-19 than white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing these structural inequities that are now being exacerbated because of a pandemic,” says Diana Tellefson Torres, executive director of the United Farm Workers Foundation, adding that all the barriers they face in getting care is another reason farmworkers should be prioritized for the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is definitely an opportunity to redress a lot of the inequities that farmworkers have experienced, not only for decades, but for centuries,” she says. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Different Counties, Different Priorities\u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The state has made clear that it’s taking equity considerations like this very seriously in its vaccine plans. But it will be up to individual counties to implement the state plan, balancing equity concerns with the complicated logistics of shipping vaccines that need to be stored at minus 94 degrees Farenheit to rural areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some counties already have a plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In Riverside County, we have a large farmworker population,” says Kim Saruwatari, director of public health for Riverside County. “So we know that once you take it out of the deep freeze, it’s good for five days. So, take a smaller amount, take it out to those farmworking communities, administer everything we have, get more, and take it out and keep going until we get everybody covered.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"covid-vaccines\" label=\"more coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But smaller counties with less money may find this daunting — even impractical. For Eric Sergienko, public health officer for Mariposa County, it doesn’t make sense to vaccinate farmworkers first because the first vaccines endorsed by the Food and Drug Administration — the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/coronavirusliveupdates/news/11850939/fda-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-in-u-s\">Pfizer-BioNTech\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971735/fda-researchers-endorse-moderna-covid-19-vaccine\">Moderna\u003c/a> vaccines — each require two doses: the primary shot followed by a booster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if it were just a single shot, I think we would be able to wrangle with logistics fairly easily,” Sergienko says. “But seeing as we have to find that person either 21 days or 28 days later, that adds a layer of complexity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworkers are mobile, he adds. They could be working or living in a different place one month later. He says the most effective strategy could be to wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good,” he says. “Hold us as closely to those equitable measures as possible, but recognize that it’s not going to be perfect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sergienko is concerned about equity, but he needs to use an equation that works for his region. His county has just one hospital and no intensive care unit. If someone gets really sick and needs an ICU bed, they get flown or taken in an ambulance to a tertiary care facility, usually in Fresno or Modesto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Eric Sergienko, public health officer for Mariposa County']‘The more people I keep out of the hospital, the better the people that are actually hospitalized will do.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hospitals in those regions are running out of beds. The San Joaquin Valley region had less than 2% of its ICU beds available as of Dec. 14, meaning patients have to wait longer, and get care from staff members who are stretched thin. To Sergienko, it makes sense to vaccinate frail, elderly people first because they’re most likely to need critical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more people I keep out of the hospital, the better the people that are actually hospitalized will do,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inequity cuts across ethnicity, age and geography, Sergienko says. He hopes the state’s final vaccine plan will somehow account for this: Who needs the vaccine most in Mariposa County may be very different from who needs it most in San Diego or San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This summer, while many Californians went to work in their pajamas at their kitchen tables, Vicente Reyes went to work in the grape fields of the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Other Americans have been able to shelter in place at home, we still keep working,” he said. “And without our work, there wouldn’t be any food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California produce, meat and dairy gets shipped all over the country and the world. This is why Reyes believes agricultural workers should be next to get the COVID-19 vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there would be a shortage of food, then there would be more chaos,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11851296\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11851296\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/VicenteReyes.jpg\" alt='\"\"' width=\"800\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/VicenteReyes.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/VicenteReyes-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vicente Reyes worked through the summer harvesting table grapes in the fields of California’s Central Valley. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Vicente Reyes)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While doctors, nurses and other health care workers began to receive the new COVID-19 vaccine this week, the state is still actively debating which essential workers will be next in line. Officials are using a framework of risk, equity and societal impact to decide who should be prioritized — meat packers, teachers, those who manage wastewater or electrical supply — and based on discussions so far, they appear to be giving deep consideration to agricultural workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.berkeley.edu/2020/12/02/california-farmworkers-hit-hard-by-covid-19-study-finds/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Studies\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.cirsinc.org/phocadownload/userupload/elevated_farmworker_vulnerability_covid-19_infection_research-report_absract_final_villarejo_07-25-2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">show\u003c/a> farmworkers are at higher risk of contracting the coronavirus than the average population because they earn lower wages that force them to live in crowded conditions or drive to work sites in crowded trucks. There have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11850332/covid-19-again-sweeps-through-foster-farms-plants-in-central-valley\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">multiple outbreaks\u003c/a> at Foster Farms’ poultry processing plants in the state. And when agricultural workers do get sick, Reyes says, they can’t afford to take time off work or go to the doctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try not to, because we would have to pay,” he says. “We just try to walk it out or try to find home remedies to get better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘This is definitely an opportunity to redress a lot of the inequities that farmworkers have experienced, not only for decades, but for centuries.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/sites/dolgov/files/ETA/naws/pdfs/NAWS_Research_Report_13.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">About 50%\u003c/a> of farmworkers are undocumented, and without legal status they have been systematically left out of U.S. labor protections, like overtime and sick pay. Under the Affordable Care Act, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/stateofhealth/142601/farming-industry-chafed-by-obamacare-requirements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> were prohibited from getting health insurance through the state’s Medicaid program or from buying it through the state’s marketplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without health coverage, advocates say farmworkers are paying the price with their lives: Latinos are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">almost three times\u003c/a> more likely to die from COVID-19 than white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing these structural inequities that are now being exacerbated because of a pandemic,” says Diana Tellefson Torres, executive director of the United Farm Workers Foundation, adding that all the barriers they face in getting care is another reason farmworkers should be prioritized for the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is definitely an opportunity to redress a lot of the inequities that farmworkers have experienced, not only for decades, but for centuries,” she says. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But smaller counties with less money may find this daunting — even impractical. For Eric Sergienko, public health officer for Mariposa County, it doesn’t make sense to vaccinate farmworkers first because the first vaccines endorsed by the Food and Drug Administration — the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/coronavirusliveupdates/news/11850939/fda-authorizes-covid-19-vaccine-for-emergency-use-in-u-s\">Pfizer-BioNTech\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1971735/fda-researchers-endorse-moderna-covid-19-vaccine\">Moderna\u003c/a> vaccines — each require two doses: the primary shot followed by a booster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So if it were just a single shot, I think we would be able to wrangle with logistics fairly easily,” Sergienko says. “But seeing as we have to find that person either 21 days or 28 days later, that adds a layer of complexity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmworkers are mobile, he adds. They could be working or living in a different place one month later. He says the most effective strategy could be to wait.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t let the perfect be the enemy of the good,” he says. “Hold us as closely to those equitable measures as possible, but recognize that it’s not going to be perfect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sergienko is concerned about equity, but he needs to use an equation that works for his region. His county has just one hospital and no intensive care unit. If someone gets really sick and needs an ICU bed, they get flown or taken in an ambulance to a tertiary care facility, usually in Fresno or Modesto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But hospitals in those regions are running out of beds. The San Joaquin Valley region had less than 2% of its ICU beds available as of Dec. 14, meaning patients have to wait longer, and get care from staff members who are stretched thin. To Sergienko, it makes sense to vaccinate frail, elderly people first because they’re most likely to need critical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more people I keep out of the hospital, the better the people that are actually hospitalized will do,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inequity cuts across ethnicity, age and geography, Sergienko says. He hopes the state’s final vaccine plan will somehow account for this: Who needs the vaccine most in Mariposa County may be very different from who needs it most in San Diego or San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>COVID-19 Hospital and Vaccine Update\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The surge in coronavirus cases continued its steady rise this week, as California’s ICU capacity dropped to 9%. Meanwhile, approval for a potential COVID-19 vaccine may be only days away. But until the vaccine is widely distributed — months from now — hospitals face a long, dark winter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Robert Wachter, chair, UCSF Department of Medicine\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Carmela Coyle, president and CEO, California Hospital Association\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Child Care System Stressed by the Pandemic\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California’s Department of Social Services estimates that nearly 2,500 family child care facilities have closed permanently since the pandemic began. Advocates say the child care system, already fragile before the pandemic, is now in crisis, as many essential workers are scrambling to find reliable — and affordable — care so that they can go to work. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Guests: \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Loira Limbal, filmmaker, “Through the Night”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Amie Latterman, chief advancement officer, Children’s Council of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Cavallo Point\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We travel to the north end of the Golden Gate Bridge to visit Cavallo Point, which was named in 1775 for the wild horses that once roamed the region.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/media/144245/download\">agency’s analysis\u003c/a> finds “no specific safety concerns identified that would preclude issuance of an EUA.” Serious reactions were rare. Side effects are common, however, with a majority of study volunteers experiencing reactions at the site of injection, headaches and fatigue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The analysis also affirms the previously stated vaccine effectiveness of 95%, assessed a week after two doses of vaccine. The vaccine doses are given 21 days apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The clinical data also suggest that the vaccine may be able to prevent COVID-19 after the first dose — 82% effective — though the FDA analysis says the available information doesn’t allow for a firm conclusion on that potential effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vaccine authorization under consideration is “for active immunization for the prevention of COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 in individuals 16 years of age and older.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, the Vaccines and Related Biological Products Advisory Committee, an advisory group, will discuss the vaccine in an open public meeting. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Virginia Hedrick first heard about the coronavirus circulating on cruise ships off the coast of California back in March, it made her think of the first ships of European settlers that arrived centuries ago, also teeming with disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Various outbreaks and epidemics spread in the following centuries, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/disease-has-never-been-just-disease-native-americans/610852/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">particularly measles and smallpox\u003c/a>, with Indigenous people suffering hugely disproportionate rates of illness and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So some would say that it was an unintentional spread of infectious disease upon contact. Others would say it was absolutely intentional,” says Hedrick, a member of the Yurok tribe who grew up on a reservation in Humboldt County. “The United States government was absolutely distributing smallpox \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/MayorSmallpox.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infected blankets\u003c/a> to tribal communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, American Indians are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4 times\u003c/a> more likely to be hospitalized from COVID-19 than white people and more than twice as likely to die. For all these reasons, past and present, Hedrick says, Indigenous people should be moved toward the front of the line to receive a vaccine.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Virginia Hedrick, Yurok, member of Community Vaccine Advisory Committee\"]‘When we think about the historical injustice of this nation, of California, isn’t now the time to say that for the first time we prioritized Indigenous people?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we think about the historical injustice of this nation, of California, isn’t now the time to say that for the first time we prioritized Indigenous people?” she says. “We started to make reparations in the way that we handled and treated the Indigenous people of this continent?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials have made clear they want equity and transparency to be a priority in deciding how to allocate the first scarce supplies of a vaccine. In divvying up the first doses for health care workers, the state is prioritizing hospitals in low-income areas before wealthy areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be very aggressive in making sure that those with means, those with influence, are not crowding out those that are most deserving of the vaccines,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said at a press conference on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding historical injustice to the equation of these decisions would take equity considerations to an even deeper level, and it is a step the state appears willing and eager to take. The state asked more than 70 organizations to join the Community Vaccine Advisory Committee to help develop an equitable vaccine distribution plan, including the Sacramento-based policy advocacy organization Hedrick runs, the \u003ca href=\"https://ccuih.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Consortium for Urban Indian Health\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the first meeting of the committee, Hedrick introduced the idea of considering historical injustice as a factor in deciding which groups would be next to get the vaccine after health care workers. At the second meeting, Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, the state’s surgeon general and a co-chair of the committee said: We heard you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We, of course, want to be evidence based. We, of course, want to use the highest standards of rigor,” she said. “And at the same time, we want to reflect what we’re hearing from this group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Defining Equity\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Rather than defining equity as everyone having a “fair opportunity to attain their full potential,” as the World Health Organization does, Burke Harris instead proposed adopting the definition from the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office of Minority Health\u003c/a>, which says achieving health equity requires “efforts to address avoidable inequalities and historical and contemporary injustices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really wanted to have that included,” Burke Harris told the committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next several weeks, the group will have to figure out how to translate these considerations into actionable vaccine policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have some good agreement on the \u003cem>what\u003c/em>, but still some questions on the \u003cem>how\u003c/em>,” Burke Harris said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details will matter. Experts warn California could open itself to legal challenges if it uses race or historical injustice as a factor in prioritizing who gets the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is affirmative action. That’s choosing one group over another,” said Lawrence Gostin, professor of global health law at Georgetown University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court has looked down on plans like this in education, and would very likely be hostile to a similar plan in public health, Gostin said. Such litigation could slow down implementation of a vaccine roll out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of using race, he said, the state should focus on a combination of other factors that can \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2771874\">capture race\u003c/a>, like poverty, housing density or education disadvantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3740041\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eighteen states\u003c/a> have indicated they would use the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/placeandhealth/svi/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social vulnerability index\u003c/a>,” a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database that combines 15 socioeconomic measures to identify at-risk neighborhoods. California has relied on its own “\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/CaliforniaHealthEquityMetric.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health equity metric\u003c/a>” during the pandemic to guide county reopening plans, and Burke Harris indicated the state might use it in deciding vaccine allocations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being fair, being equitable, I think that’s a noble societal goal,” Gostin said. “We just have to do it smart and keep the courts out of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11850088\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11850088\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Virginia-Hedrick-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virginia Hedrick is the executive director of the California Consortium for Urban Indian Health. She’s been hosting regular Facebook Live events on how American Indian communities are affected by the coronavirus since the beginning of the pandemic. \u003ccite>(Calvin Hedrick)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Trust as an Additional Obstacle\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Whatever way the state incorporates equity considerations into its vaccine allocation plans, there will still be obstacles. Hedrick is concerned Indigenous Americans may not be willing to take the vaccine first, even if it’s offered first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m working with a community of people who are saying, ‘Isn’t this a funny time for the federal government or state governments to say, Oh, we need racial equity, when it’s never been a concern?’ ” she says. ” ‘All of a sudden now we want to make sure brown people get this vaccine first?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more recent examples of medical harm at the hands of government that still haunt tribal communities. In the 1970s, as many as 70,000 Native women were \u003ca href=\"https://www.ladyscience.com/features/forced-sterilization-native-american-women-face-rejection-retraumatization-in-healthcare\">forcibly sterilized\u003c/a> at government-funded hospitals and clinics of the Indian Health Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hedrick believes her own grandmother was an early victim of this campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She gave birth to my dad in 1943 in San Diego and said that the doctor told her then that she would never have children again, that my dad ‘ruined her,’ ” Hedrick says. “There are many stories like that that you sort of turn your head and think, ‘Were you sterilized in that hospital?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any plan to prioritize Indigenous people for the coronavirus vaccine will have to come with serious investment in outreach and building trust, she says. Indigenous Americans need this, she adds, for their own generational healing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So that when my granddaughter’s looking back at the 2020 pandemic, she’ll say, ‘This is where we started to turn the tide,’ ” Hedrick says. “This is where we started to see actual governments do something different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When Virginia Hedrick first heard about the coronavirus circulating on cruise ships off the coast of California back in March, it made her think of the first ships of European settlers that arrived centuries ago, also teeming with disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Various outbreaks and epidemics spread in the following centuries, \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2020/04/disease-has-never-been-just-disease-native-americans/610852/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">particularly measles and smallpox\u003c/a>, with Indigenous people suffering hugely disproportionate rates of illness and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So some would say that it was an unintentional spread of infectious disease upon contact. Others would say it was absolutely intentional,” says Hedrick, a member of the Yurok tribe who grew up on a reservation in Humboldt County. “The United States government was absolutely distributing smallpox \u003ca href=\"https://web.stanford.edu/dept/HPS/MayorSmallpox.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">infected blankets\u003c/a> to tribal communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, during the 2020 coronavirus pandemic, American Indians are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/covid-data/investigations-discovery/hospitalization-death-by-race-ethnicity.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">4 times\u003c/a> more likely to be hospitalized from COVID-19 than white people and more than twice as likely to die. For all these reasons, past and present, Hedrick says, Indigenous people should be moved toward the front of the line to receive a vaccine.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we think about the historical injustice of this nation, of California, isn’t now the time to say that for the first time we prioritized Indigenous people?” she says. “We started to make reparations in the way that we handled and treated the Indigenous people of this continent?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California health officials have made clear they want equity and transparency to be a priority in deciding how to allocate the first scarce supplies of a vaccine. In divvying up the first doses for health care workers, the state is prioritizing hospitals in low-income areas before wealthy areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be very aggressive in making sure that those with means, those with influence, are not crowding out those that are most deserving of the vaccines,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said at a press conference on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adding historical injustice to the equation of these decisions would take equity considerations to an even deeper level, and it is a step the state appears willing and eager to take. The state asked more than 70 organizations to join the Community Vaccine Advisory Committee to help develop an equitable vaccine distribution plan, including the Sacramento-based policy advocacy organization Hedrick runs, the \u003ca href=\"https://ccuih.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Consortium for Urban Indian Health\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the first meeting of the committee, Hedrick introduced the idea of considering historical injustice as a factor in deciding which groups would be next to get the vaccine after health care workers. At the second meeting, Dr. Nadine Burke Harris, the state’s surgeon general and a co-chair of the committee said: We heard you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We, of course, want to be evidence based. We, of course, want to use the highest standards of rigor,” she said. “And at the same time, we want to reflect what we’re hearing from this group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Defining Equity\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Rather than defining equity as everyone having a “fair opportunity to attain their full potential,” as the World Health Organization does, Burke Harris instead proposed adopting the definition from the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://www.minorityhealth.hhs.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Office of Minority Health\u003c/a>, which says achieving health equity requires “efforts to address avoidable inequalities and historical and contemporary injustices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really wanted to have that included,” Burke Harris told the committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next several weeks, the group will have to figure out how to translate these considerations into actionable vaccine policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have some good agreement on the \u003cem>what\u003c/em>, but still some questions on the \u003cem>how\u003c/em>,” Burke Harris said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details will matter. Experts warn California could open itself to legal challenges if it uses race or historical injustice as a factor in prioritizing who gets the vaccine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is affirmative action. That’s choosing one group over another,” said Lawrence Gostin, professor of global health law at Georgetown University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court has looked down on plans like this in education, and would very likely be hostile to a similar plan in public health, Gostin said. Such litigation could slow down implementation of a vaccine roll out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of using race, he said, the state should focus on a combination of other factors that can \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2771874\">capture race\u003c/a>, like poverty, housing density or education disadvantage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3740041\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Eighteen states\u003c/a> have indicated they would use the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.atsdr.cdc.gov/placeandhealth/svi/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">social vulnerability index\u003c/a>,” a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention database that combines 15 socioeconomic measures to identify at-risk neighborhoods. California has relied on its own “\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/CaliforniaHealthEquityMetric.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">health equity metric\u003c/a>” during the pandemic to guide county reopening plans, and Burke Harris indicated the state might use it in deciding vaccine allocations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being fair, being equitable, I think that’s a noble societal goal,” Gostin said. “We just have to do it smart and keep the courts out of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11850088\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11850088\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/12/Virginia-Hedrick-800x600.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Virginia Hedrick is the executive director of the California Consortium for Urban Indian Health. She’s been hosting regular Facebook Live events on how American Indian communities are affected by the coronavirus since the beginning of the pandemic. \u003ccite>(Calvin Hedrick)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>Trust as an Additional Obstacle\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Whatever way the state incorporates equity considerations into its vaccine allocation plans, there will still be obstacles. Hedrick is concerned Indigenous Americans may not be willing to take the vaccine first, even if it’s offered first.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m working with a community of people who are saying, ‘Isn’t this a funny time for the federal government or state governments to say, Oh, we need racial equity, when it’s never been a concern?’ ” she says. ” ‘All of a sudden now we want to make sure brown people get this vaccine first?’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are more recent examples of medical harm at the hands of government that still haunt tribal communities. In the 1970s, as many as 70,000 Native women were \u003ca href=\"https://www.ladyscience.com/features/forced-sterilization-native-american-women-face-rejection-retraumatization-in-healthcare\">forcibly sterilized\u003c/a> at government-funded hospitals and clinics of the Indian Health Services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hedrick believes her own grandmother was an early victim of this campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She gave birth to my dad in 1943 in San Diego and said that the doctor told her then that she would never have children again, that my dad ‘ruined her,’ ” Hedrick says. “There are many stories like that that you sort of turn your head and think, ‘Were you sterilized in that hospital?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Any plan to prioritize Indigenous people for the coronavirus vaccine will have to come with serious investment in outreach and building trust, she says. Indigenous Americans need this, she adds, for their own generational healing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So that when my granddaughter’s looking back at the 2020 pandemic, she’ll say, ‘This is where we started to turn the tide,’ ” Hedrick says. “This is where we started to see actual governments do something different.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California is planning its rollout of a coronavirus vaccine. Healthcare workers have already been prioritized, but figuring out who comes next and how that decision will be made is now in the hands of an advisory committee made up of health and community leaders. One factor they’ll use to decide who gets the vaccine next? A look at the nation’s history of social injustice, and which groups have been overlooked, and wronged, in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/adembosky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">April Dembosky\u003c/a>, Health Correspondent for KQED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3390746488&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3lCZRQT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/thebaynewsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Sign up for our weekly newsletter! \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png",
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