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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump released \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/memorandum-excluding-illegal-aliens-apportionment-base-following-2020-census/\">a memorandum\u003c/a> Tuesday that calls for an unprecedented change to the constitutionally-mandated count of every person living in the country — the exclusion of unauthorized immigrants from the numbers used to divide up seats in Congress among the states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo instructs Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, who oversees the Commerce Department, to include in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/13/141\">legally required\u003c/a> report of census results to the president \"information permitting the President, to the extent practicable\" to leave out the number of immigrants living in the U.S. without authorization from the apportionment count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the move by the president, who does not have final authority over the census, is more likely to spur legal challenges and political spectacle in the last months before this year's presidential election than a transformation of the once-a-decade head count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the first U.S. Census in 1790, both U.S. citizens and noncitizens — regardless of immigration status — have been included in the country's official population counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fifth sentence of \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript\">the Constitution\u003c/a> specifies that \"persons\" residing in the states should be counted every 10 years to determine each state's share of seats in the House of Representatives. \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/amendmentxiv\">The 14th Amendment\u003c/a> goes further to require the counting of the \"whole number of persons in each state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is Congress — not the president — that \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articlei\">Article 1\u003c/a>, Section 2 of the country's founding document empowers to carry out the \"actual enumeration\" of the country's population in \"such manner as they shall by law direct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/2/2a\">Title 2\u003c/a> of the U.S. Code, Congress detailed its instructions for the president to report to lawmakers the tally of the \"whole number of persons\" living in each state for the reapportionment of House seats. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/13/141\">Title 13\u003c/a>, Congress established additional key dates for the \"tabulation of total population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of Alabama, however, is arguing in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/06/754685703/15-states-say-unauthorized-immigrants-should-continue-to-count-for-seats-in-cong\">ongoing federal lawsuit\u003c/a> that the framers of the Constitution did not intend for the term \"persons\" to include immigrants living in the country without authorization. Alabama says it's trying to avoid losing a seat in Congress after the 2020 census by seeking to leave out unauthorized immigrants from the results of the national count that are used to reapportion the U.S. House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's announcement, first signaled in a\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/newsletters/playbook-pm/2020/07/17/new-trumps-next-executive-order-489834\"> Politico newsletter\u003c/a> last week, comes just over a year after the administration backed down in its failed attempt to add the now-blocked citizenship question to the 2020 census.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2019, the president issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-collecting-information-citizenship-status-connection-decennial-census/\">an executive order\u003c/a> to use government records, including from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/07/14/890798378/south-dakota-is-sharing-drivers-license-info-to-help-find-out-who-s-a-citizen\">state departments of motor vehicles\u003c/a> and federal agencies such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/04/793325772/to-produce-citizenship-data-homeland-security-to-share-records-with-census\">Department of Homeland Security\u003c/a>, to produce anonymized citizenship data that could be used to redraw voting districts in a way that, a GOP strategist concluded, would politically benefit Republicans and non-Hispanic white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the national census self-response rate at just over 62%, the White House announcement threatens to derail the Census Bureau's efforts to finish tallying up roughly four out of 10 households that have not filled out a census form on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Census Coverage' tag='2020-census']The agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/program-management/planning-docs/2020-oper-plan4.pdf\">operational plan for the 2020 census\u003c/a> includes specially designed efforts, such as providing online forms and call centers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/31/629409884/for-the-first-time-u-s-census-to-collect-responses-in-arabic-among-13-languages\">13 languages\u003c/a>, to try to make sure the census includes undocumented immigrants and other populations the bureau considers \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6183449-2020-Census-Operational-Plan-Version-4-0.html#document/p208/a572351\">hard-to-count\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2018-02370/p-111\">the Census Bureau's residence criteria\u003c/a> for determining how to count different groups of residents for the 2020 census, citizens of foreign countries who are living in the U.S. are supposed to be counted \"at the U.S. residence where they live and sleep most of the time,\" while international visitors should not be counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bureau has been relying on ads and community groups to help ramp up its outreach to households with immigrants, people of color and other historically undercounted groups, many of whom remain distrustful of sharing their information with the government despite federal laws that require the Census Bureau to keep personally identifiable census information confidential \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/history/www/genealogy/decennial_census_records/the_72_year_rule_1.html\">until 72 years after it's been collected\u003c/a> and prohibit that information from \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/13/9\">being used against an individual\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has also raised concerns in recent weeks by making \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/23/882433973/trump-appointees-join-census-bureau-democrats-concerned-over-partisan-games\">two new political appointments at the bureau\u003c/a>. The move has sparked \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hansilowang/status/1280629685248983043\">an inquiry by the inspector general\u003c/a> for the Commerce Department, which oversees the bureau. Democratic lawmakers and professional associations, including the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hansilowang/status/1275882643796766721?s=20\">American Statistical Association\u003c/a> and the\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hansilowang/status/1277663449259147264\"> American Economic Association\u003c/a>, are questioning whether the appointments of Nathaniel Cogley, a political science professor, and Adam Korzeniewski, a former political consultant to a YouTube personality known for racist pranks, are a partisan attempt to interfere with the census.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR White House correspondent Tamara Keith contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=With+No+Final+Say%2C+Trump+Wants+To+Change+Who+Counts+For+Dividing+Up+Congress%27+Seats&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump released \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/memorandum-excluding-illegal-aliens-apportionment-base-following-2020-census/\">a memorandum\u003c/a> Tuesday that calls for an unprecedented change to the constitutionally-mandated count of every person living in the country — the exclusion of unauthorized immigrants from the numbers used to divide up seats in Congress among the states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The memo instructs Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross, who oversees the Commerce Department, to include in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/13/141\">legally required\u003c/a> report of census results to the president \"information permitting the President, to the extent practicable\" to leave out the number of immigrants living in the U.S. without authorization from the apportionment count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the move by the president, who does not have final authority over the census, is more likely to spur legal challenges and political spectacle in the last months before this year's presidential election than a transformation of the once-a-decade head count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the first U.S. Census in 1790, both U.S. citizens and noncitizens — regardless of immigration status — have been included in the country's official population counts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fifth sentence of \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/founding-docs/constitution-transcript\">the Constitution\u003c/a> specifies that \"persons\" residing in the states should be counted every 10 years to determine each state's share of seats in the House of Representatives. \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/amendmentxiv\">The 14th Amendment\u003c/a> goes further to require the counting of the \"whole number of persons in each state.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is Congress — not the president — that \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/constitution/articlei\">Article 1\u003c/a>, Section 2 of the country's founding document empowers to carry out the \"actual enumeration\" of the country's population in \"such manner as they shall by law direct.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/2/2a\">Title 2\u003c/a> of the U.S. Code, Congress detailed its instructions for the president to report to lawmakers the tally of the \"whole number of persons\" living in each state for the reapportionment of House seats. In \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/13/141\">Title 13\u003c/a>, Congress established additional key dates for the \"tabulation of total population.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state of Alabama, however, is arguing in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/09/06/754685703/15-states-say-unauthorized-immigrants-should-continue-to-count-for-seats-in-cong\">ongoing federal lawsuit\u003c/a> that the framers of the Constitution did not intend for the term \"persons\" to include immigrants living in the country without authorization. Alabama says it's trying to avoid losing a seat in Congress after the 2020 census by seeking to leave out unauthorized immigrants from the results of the national count that are used to reapportion the U.S. House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump's announcement, first signaled in a\u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/newsletters/playbook-pm/2020/07/17/new-trumps-next-executive-order-489834\"> Politico newsletter\u003c/a> last week, comes just over a year after the administration backed down in its failed attempt to add the now-blocked citizenship question to the 2020 census.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July 2019, the president issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-collecting-information-citizenship-status-connection-decennial-census/\">an executive order\u003c/a> to use government records, including from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/07/14/890798378/south-dakota-is-sharing-drivers-license-info-to-help-find-out-who-s-a-citizen\">state departments of motor vehicles\u003c/a> and federal agencies such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/01/04/793325772/to-produce-citizenship-data-homeland-security-to-share-records-with-census\">Department of Homeland Security\u003c/a>, to produce anonymized citizenship data that could be used to redraw voting districts in a way that, a GOP strategist concluded, would politically benefit Republicans and non-Hispanic white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the national census self-response rate at just over 62%, the White House announcement threatens to derail the Census Bureau's efforts to finish tallying up roughly four out of 10 households that have not filled out a census form on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www2.census.gov/programs-surveys/decennial/2020/program-management/planning-docs/2020-oper-plan4.pdf\">operational plan for the 2020 census\u003c/a> includes specially designed efforts, such as providing online forms and call centers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/31/629409884/for-the-first-time-u-s-census-to-collect-responses-in-arabic-among-13-languages\">13 languages\u003c/a>, to try to make sure the census includes undocumented immigrants and other populations the bureau considers \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6183449-2020-Census-Operational-Plan-Version-4-0.html#document/p208/a572351\">hard-to-count\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/d/2018-02370/p-111\">the Census Bureau's residence criteria\u003c/a> for determining how to count different groups of residents for the 2020 census, citizens of foreign countries who are living in the U.S. are supposed to be counted \"at the U.S. residence where they live and sleep most of the time,\" while international visitors should not be counted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bureau has been relying on ads and community groups to help ramp up its outreach to households with immigrants, people of color and other historically undercounted groups, many of whom remain distrustful of sharing their information with the government despite federal laws that require the Census Bureau to keep personally identifiable census information confidential \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/history/www/genealogy/decennial_census_records/the_72_year_rule_1.html\">until 72 years after it's been collected\u003c/a> and prohibit that information from \u003ca href=\"https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/13/9\">being used against an individual\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The administration has also raised concerns in recent weeks by making \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/23/882433973/trump-appointees-join-census-bureau-democrats-concerned-over-partisan-games\">two new political appointments at the bureau\u003c/a>. The move has sparked \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hansilowang/status/1280629685248983043\">an inquiry by the inspector general\u003c/a> for the Commerce Department, which oversees the bureau. Democratic lawmakers and professional associations, including the \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hansilowang/status/1275882643796766721?s=20\">American Statistical Association\u003c/a> and the\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hansilowang/status/1277663449259147264\"> American Economic Association\u003c/a>, are questioning whether the appointments of Nathaniel Cogley, a political science professor, and Adam Korzeniewski, a former political consultant to a YouTube personality known for racist pranks, are a partisan attempt to interfere with the census.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR White House correspondent Tamara Keith contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=With+No+Final+Say%2C+Trump+Wants+To+Change+Who+Counts+For+Dividing+Up+Congress%27+Seats&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This year was supposed to be a comeback year for Kyle Schulz and the College Republicans at Cal Poly Pomona, in eastern Los Angeles County. In 2018, the House district in which the campus resides was caught up in the Blue Wave — sending freshman Democrat Gil Cisneros to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got our butts kicked, to be honest,” Schulz said, the club’s spokesman and former president. “To work on that, we were doing a lot more campaigning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the club’s plans for hosting campus events, canvassing the district and registering voters came to a screeching halt in mid-March, when Cal Poly Pomona — like schools around the state — shifted to virtual learning in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The school’s College Republicans didn’t meet for the rest of the semester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the pandemic is threatening to scatter students away from campuses in the fall, when California will mail a ballot to every registered voter as a COVID-19-safe alternative to voting in person. The closures could discourage the efforts of campus groups, and make the prospects of turning out the college vote, already a difficult proposition in normal times, even more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be pretty bad, to be honest,” Schulz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decline in turnout could have a significant impact in the Pomona Valley and nearby northern Orange County, an area home to a large college population, where a decline in the student vote could affect competitive races up and down the ticket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"David Becker, Center for Election Innovation and Research\"]‘As we (question) whether college campuses are going to open up in the fall, the ability to do outreach to large numbers of people is going to be severely limited.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for democratic engagement on college campuses are urging higher education leaders and faculty to take creative approaches to encourage voting, while students are adapting their get-out-the-vote methods for the Zoom age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As difficult as it is for someone like me to vote during a pandemic, the college student population is a particularly difficult one,” said Adam Gismondi, director of impact at the Institute for Democracy & Higher Education at the Tisch College of Civic Life at Tufts University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because most students are mobile, they often move addresses while they’re in college. So it’s a really tangled web right now to work through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, California set a record for turnout in a primary election, fueling hopes of another surge in participation this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came the virus, and closures that dashed plans for voter registration efforts at university student centers, shopping malls and front doors across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Voter Registration Challenges\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>New voter registrations across the country plummeted in the spring, according to data compiled by the \u003ca href=\"https://electioninnovation.org/new-voter-registrations-in-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for Election Innovation and Research, \u003c/a>in Washington. Registrations in California were down sharply in April, compared to the same month in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike four years ago, California’s primary was already over by April. But the top reason for the registration drop-off was closures at the state’s DMV offices, where drivers license and state ID transactions automatically trigger a voter registration, said David Becker, the center’s executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An early study of the DMV automatic voter registration program \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/wp-content/uploads/implementing-automated-voter-registration-in-california.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">didn’t find wide adoption\u003c/a> by younger voters. But the pandemic could also pose challenges for a physically distanced form of sign up: online voter registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s fundamentally a fairly passive tool, people need to know to look for it,” Becker said. “And as we have questions about whether college campuses are going to open up in the fall, the ability to do outreach to large numbers of people is going to be severely limited.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if registration efforts improve, the curtailed openings of campuses in the state present a hurdle for ensuring a smooth voting experience for many undergraduates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11829865\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1642px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11829865\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration.jpg\" alt=\"A man walks in front of a DMV office in San Francisco on May 8, 2020.\" width=\"1642\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration.jpg 1642w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-800x509.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-1020x649.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-1536x978.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1642px) 100vw, 1642px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man walks in front of a DMV office in San Francisco on May 8, 2020. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>College students are a mobile population in general, with many moving between dorms, off-campus housing and their childhood homes. Students who are registered to vote may need to update their information in order to receive a ballot at the correct address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If more students can vote at home, it reduces the chance of long lines at in-person ballot sites, which could be fewer in number than in previous years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The need to communicate with voters is going to be particularly crucial in this year,” Becker said. “Having good information on the voter lists is the core of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Bigger Impact on Southern California Races?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The student vote could be especially important in the districts stretching north from Orange County, through Fullerton and La Habra, to the Los Angeles County cities of Diamond Bar and Pomona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, more than 100,000 students attend Cal State Fullerton, Mt. San Antonio College, Cal Poly Pomona and Fullerton College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the November ballot, voters in the area will decide on a rematch between Democratic Congressman Gil Cisneros (D-Yorba Linda) and Republican Young Kim, the former state Assemblywoman who lost to Cisneros by fewer than 8,000 votes in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the similarly shaped 29th State Senate District, Sen. Ling-Ling Chang (R-Diamond Bar) will defend her seat against Democrat Josh Newman. Newman defeated Chang in the 2016 election, but was recalled by voters in June of 2018, with Chang regaining the seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in the 55th Assembly District, incumbent Phillip Chen (R-Brea) is facing a challenge from Andrew Rodriguez, a Democratic councilman from Walnut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Politics' tag='politics']In these tight races, Democratic candidates are relying on a boost from reliably liberal college voters. According to the California Target Book, “precincts adjacent to college campuses that have high concentration of voters between the ages of 18 to 34 can easily award over 90% of their votes to a Democratic candidate in a typical D vs. R race, and net the Democratic candidate thousands of raw votes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The College Democrats at Cal State Fullerton planned to spend the year focusing on those three races, said Andrew Levy, the group’s president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, \u003ca href=\"http://news.fullerton.edu/2019fa/student-voting-rates.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">voter engagement surged\u003c/a> on the Fullerton campus, with the voting rate increasing by nearly a third over the previous mid-term election. The 2,627 CSU Fullerton students who \u003ca href=\"https://caballotbowl.sos.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">registered to vote\u003c/a> marked the second-highest total of any public school in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We planned on having a lot of people go and phone bank at the local (California Democratic Party) office and canvass in addition to that,” Levy said of the group’s plans for 2020. “But once COVID-19 hit, it was just kind of a bummer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orange County is one of 15 counties that already mail every voter a ballot, which could help the transition to November’s largely vote-by-mail election. And the hurdle of constantly shifting student addresses could be eased, in part, by the decision of \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/2020/07/06/community-college-state-budget-enrollment-impact.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">many incoming freshmen\u003c/a> to stay home and attend a community college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually are seeing a huge increase in the number of students who are registering for classes for Fullerton College, for Mount SAC, for Orange Coast, so there’s a lot of students who aren’t going to be moving,” said Jodi Balma, a professor of political science at Fullerton College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it’s a very transient population as far as moving apartment to apartment to dorm to apartment to back home,” Balma said. “And so we do want to make sure that people update their registration data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Like Everything Else, Getting Out the Vote Moves Online\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Student organizers are hoping to convey this information to their fellow undergrads by adapting their plans to the distanced reality of the fall; with virtual phone banking and social media campaigns replacing registration tables and door-knocking trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strategy is still the same: ask every student and create cultures of voting on campus. Students helping students vote through peer-to-peer contact has been shown to be the most effective,” said Nic Riani, a rising senior at UCLA and the board chair of the California Public Interest Research Group (CALPIRG) Students, which helps run the state’s Students Vote Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, we can’t do any of our usual in-person tactics, like waving to students as they walk to class to help them register to vote or going into classes and passing out forms,” Riani said. “But we can hop into Zoom lectures to make announcements and build a network of students that are committing to voting and then call and text those students to help them make a plan to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=about_15238 label='Take Our Survey']CALPIRG is running a summer internship program, collecting pledges to vote from more than 3,000 college students in California, Riani said. The group plans to call those students in the fall to make sure they are registered to vote at an address where they can receive their mail ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>College administrators and faculty will also have an important role in ensuring a successful student vote in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presidents and chancellors can serve as powerful lobbying voices as state and county officials decide on the location of polling places and vote centers. And during distanced learning, professors and faculty will have the most direct access to students, Gismondi said, whose Institute for Democracy & Higher Education has a forthcoming report with recommendations to increase student voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Faculty members, no matter what happens in the fall, will be the most important contact point for college students, because they’re really the one group on the university’s side that will have guaranteed contacts with students,” Gismondi said, who encourages professors to facilitate political conversations and spend class time on the mechanics of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think that a lot of the things that colleges and universities can and should do under normal circumstances can still happen,” Gismondi added. “It’s going to require some flexibility, it’s going to require some adaptability and it’s going to take some creativity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year was supposed to be a comeback year for Kyle Schulz and the College Republicans at Cal Poly Pomona, in eastern Los Angeles County. In 2018, the House district in which the campus resides was caught up in the Blue Wave — sending freshman Democrat Gil Cisneros to Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We got our butts kicked, to be honest,” Schulz said, the club’s spokesman and former president. “To work on that, we were doing a lot more campaigning.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the club’s plans for hosting campus events, canvassing the district and registering voters came to a screeching halt in mid-March, when Cal Poly Pomona — like schools around the state — shifted to virtual learning in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic. The school’s College Republicans didn’t meet for the rest of the semester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the pandemic is threatening to scatter students away from campuses in the fall, when California will mail a ballot to every registered voter as a COVID-19-safe alternative to voting in person. The closures could discourage the efforts of campus groups, and make the prospects of turning out the college vote, already a difficult proposition in normal times, even more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be pretty bad, to be honest,” Schulz said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A decline in turnout could have a significant impact in the Pomona Valley and nearby northern Orange County, an area home to a large college population, where a decline in the student vote could affect competitive races up and down the ticket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for democratic engagement on college campuses are urging higher education leaders and faculty to take creative approaches to encourage voting, while students are adapting their get-out-the-vote methods for the Zoom age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As difficult as it is for someone like me to vote during a pandemic, the college student population is a particularly difficult one,” said Adam Gismondi, director of impact at the Institute for Democracy & Higher Education at the Tisch College of Civic Life at Tufts University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because most students are mobile, they often move addresses while they’re in college. So it’s a really tangled web right now to work through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, California set a record for turnout in a primary election, fueling hopes of another surge in participation this fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came the virus, and closures that dashed plans for voter registration efforts at university student centers, shopping malls and front doors across the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Voter Registration Challenges\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>New voter registrations across the country plummeted in the spring, according to data compiled by the \u003ca href=\"https://electioninnovation.org/new-voter-registrations-in-2020/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Center for Election Innovation and Research, \u003c/a>in Washington. Registrations in California were down sharply in April, compared to the same month in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike four years ago, California’s primary was already over by April. But the top reason for the registration drop-off was closures at the state’s DMV offices, where drivers license and state ID transactions automatically trigger a voter registration, said David Becker, the center’s executive director.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An early study of the DMV automatic voter registration program \u003ca href=\"https://www.ppic.org/wp-content/uploads/implementing-automated-voter-registration-in-california.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">didn’t find wide adoption\u003c/a> by younger voters. But the pandemic could also pose challenges for a physically distanced form of sign up: online voter registration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s fundamentally a fairly passive tool, people need to know to look for it,” Becker said. “And as we have questions about whether college campuses are going to open up in the fall, the ability to do outreach to large numbers of people is going to be severely limited.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if registration efforts improve, the curtailed openings of campuses in the state present a hurdle for ensuring a smooth voting experience for many undergraduates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11829865\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1642px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11829865\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration.jpg\" alt=\"A man walks in front of a DMV office in San Francisco on May 8, 2020.\" width=\"1642\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration.jpg 1642w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-800x509.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-1020x649.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/DMV-voter-registration-1536x978.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1642px) 100vw, 1642px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A man walks in front of a DMV office in San Francisco on May 8, 2020. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>College students are a mobile population in general, with many moving between dorms, off-campus housing and their childhood homes. Students who are registered to vote may need to update their information in order to receive a ballot at the correct address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If more students can vote at home, it reduces the chance of long lines at in-person ballot sites, which could be fewer in number than in previous years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The need to communicate with voters is going to be particularly crucial in this year,” Becker said. “Having good information on the voter lists is the core of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Bigger Impact on Southern California Races?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The student vote could be especially important in the districts stretching north from Orange County, through Fullerton and La Habra, to the Los Angeles County cities of Diamond Bar and Pomona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, more than 100,000 students attend Cal State Fullerton, Mt. San Antonio College, Cal Poly Pomona and Fullerton College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the November ballot, voters in the area will decide on a rematch between Democratic Congressman Gil Cisneros (D-Yorba Linda) and Republican Young Kim, the former state Assemblywoman who lost to Cisneros by fewer than 8,000 votes in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the similarly shaped 29th State Senate District, Sen. Ling-Ling Chang (R-Diamond Bar) will defend her seat against Democrat Josh Newman. Newman defeated Chang in the 2016 election, but was recalled by voters in June of 2018, with Chang regaining the seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in the 55th Assembly District, incumbent Phillip Chen (R-Brea) is facing a challenge from Andrew Rodriguez, a Democratic councilman from Walnut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In these tight races, Democratic candidates are relying on a boost from reliably liberal college voters. According to the California Target Book, “precincts adjacent to college campuses that have high concentration of voters between the ages of 18 to 34 can easily award over 90% of their votes to a Democratic candidate in a typical D vs. R race, and net the Democratic candidate thousands of raw votes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The College Democrats at Cal State Fullerton planned to spend the year focusing on those three races, said Andrew Levy, the group’s president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, \u003ca href=\"http://news.fullerton.edu/2019fa/student-voting-rates.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">voter engagement surged\u003c/a> on the Fullerton campus, with the voting rate increasing by nearly a third over the previous mid-term election. The 2,627 CSU Fullerton students who \u003ca href=\"https://caballotbowl.sos.ca.gov/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">registered to vote\u003c/a> marked the second-highest total of any public school in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We planned on having a lot of people go and phone bank at the local (California Democratic Party) office and canvass in addition to that,” Levy said of the group’s plans for 2020. “But once COVID-19 hit, it was just kind of a bummer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orange County is one of 15 counties that already mail every voter a ballot, which could help the transition to November’s largely vote-by-mail election. And the hurdle of constantly shifting student addresses could be eased, in part, by the decision of \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/2020/07/06/community-college-state-budget-enrollment-impact.php\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">many incoming freshmen\u003c/a> to stay home and attend a community college.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We actually are seeing a huge increase in the number of students who are registering for classes for Fullerton College, for Mount SAC, for Orange Coast, so there’s a lot of students who aren’t going to be moving,” said Jodi Balma, a professor of political science at Fullerton College.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it’s a very transient population as far as moving apartment to apartment to dorm to apartment to back home,” Balma said. “And so we do want to make sure that people update their registration data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Like Everything Else, Getting Out the Vote Moves Online\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Student organizers are hoping to convey this information to their fellow undergrads by adapting their plans to the distanced reality of the fall; with virtual phone banking and social media campaigns replacing registration tables and door-knocking trips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strategy is still the same: ask every student and create cultures of voting on campus. Students helping students vote through peer-to-peer contact has been shown to be the most effective,” said Nic Riani, a rising senior at UCLA and the board chair of the California Public Interest Research Group (CALPIRG) Students, which helps run the state’s Students Vote Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Obviously, we can’t do any of our usual in-person tactics, like waving to students as they walk to class to help them register to vote or going into classes and passing out forms,” Riani said. “But we can hop into Zoom lectures to make announcements and build a network of students that are committing to voting and then call and text those students to help them make a plan to vote.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CALPIRG is running a summer internship program, collecting pledges to vote from more than 3,000 college students in California, Riani said. The group plans to call those students in the fall to make sure they are registered to vote at an address where they can receive their mail ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>College administrators and faculty will also have an important role in ensuring a successful student vote in the fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Presidents and chancellors can serve as powerful lobbying voices as state and county officials decide on the location of polling places and vote centers. And during distanced learning, professors and faculty will have the most direct access to students, Gismondi said, whose Institute for Democracy & Higher Education has a forthcoming report with recommendations to increase student voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Faculty members, no matter what happens in the fall, will be the most important contact point for college students, because they’re really the one group on the university’s side that will have guaranteed contacts with students,” Gismondi said, who encourages professors to facilitate political conversations and spend class time on the mechanics of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think that a lot of the things that colleges and universities can and should do under normal circumstances can still happen,” Gismondi added. “It’s going to require some flexibility, it’s going to require some adaptability and it’s going to take some creativity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>State water regulators have issued a $285,000 penalty against the Phillips 66 refinery for releasing millions of gallons of industrial wastewater into San Pablo Bay early last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The penalty, part of a settlement agreement that became public late last week, is the 11th issued by the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board in the last 17 years against the Houston-based oil company. Its refinery sits on the bay shore in Rodeo, just south of the Carquinez Strait and Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/board_info/agendas/2020/August/Phillips66/Phillips_66_Proposed_Stipulated_Order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most recent violation\u003c/a> covers a discharge that took place on Feb. 14, 2019, when the refinery released 8.45 million gallons of partially treated wastewater into the bay, exceeding the allowed daily volume by about 5.4 million gallons. That release, in turn, led the refinery to violate a daily limit on \"suspended solids\" in its runoff — with an estimated 7,200 pounds of toxin-laden dirt washing into the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days leading up to the release, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725582/a-double-barreled-storm-gets-ready-to-blast-bay-area-northern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a series of storms pounded the Bay Area with heavy rain, \u003c/a> with about 5 inches falling on the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resulting runoff clogged a filter at the Phillips 66 wastewater treatment plant. The regional water board says the facility would normally have sent the resulting overflow to a 9 million-gallon storage tank but couldn't because it was being used to temporarily store crude oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adrienne Ursino, a refinery spokeswoman, said the 2019 storm \"temporarily created operational challenges for our capacity to handle the large stormwater flows collected in our refinery systems.\" She added that tests of the runoff that escaped into the bay showed it was \"well within\" regulatory limits on toxic material and water quality set by the facility's discharge permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The head of a Bay Area group that monitors the health of local waters said the runoff posed serious environmental risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Industrial wastewater, especially from an oil refinery, can contain pollutants like toxic heavy metals and petroleum waste that are harmful to the bay, wildlife, and people,\" said Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Phillips 66 was negligent for having taken its storage tank offline to store oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was sheer dumb luck that their negligence didn't cause more harm,\" Choksi-Chugh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Phillips got off easy,\" she said. \"The Regional Board had the authority to fine them millions of dollars for polluting the bay. I'd venture a guess that this slap on the wrist is not going to force the refinery to take their pollution controls more seriously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2003, the water board has now penalized Phillips 66 a total of 11 times for violating limits on releases of various toxic materials, including chlorine, copper, selenium and other pollutants, into the bay. Including the newest fine, the violations have resulted in about $1.2 million in penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of those fines came in 2010, when the refinery was hit with a $600,000 penalty for 14 separate \"acute toxicity effluent violations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year when Phillips 66 paid $80,000 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11744480/phillips-66-fined-again-for-polluting-san-pablo-bay#:~:text=For%20the%20third%20time%20in,chlorine%20into%20San%20Pablo%20Bay.&text=The%20company%20violated%20the%20agency's,of%20%2418%2C000%20for%20those%20violations.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settle charges it violated chlorine limits\u003c/a> in water it released into the bay over a five-month period in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September 2016 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11514480/refinery-tanker-firm-cited-for-fumes-that-sickened-scores-in-vallejo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a crude oil spill\u003c/a> at the facility's marine terminal caused an overpowering odor that sickened Vallejo residents. Regional air regulators filed \"public nuisance\" violations against both the refinery and the tanker's owner in that case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year Phillips asked local air regulators for permission to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11593334/phillips-66-seeks-big-increase-in-tanker-traffic-to-rodeo-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than double the number of oil tankers\u003c/a> that travel through San Francisco Bay to unload crude at its refinery.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>State water regulators have issued a $285,000 penalty against the Phillips 66 refinery for releasing millions of gallons of industrial wastewater into San Pablo Bay early last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The penalty, part of a settlement agreement that became public late last week, is the 11th issued by the San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board in the last 17 years against the Houston-based oil company. Its refinery sits on the bay shore in Rodeo, just south of the Carquinez Strait and Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sanfranciscobay/board_info/agendas/2020/August/Phillips66/Phillips_66_Proposed_Stipulated_Order.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">most recent violation\u003c/a> covers a discharge that took place on Feb. 14, 2019, when the refinery released 8.45 million gallons of partially treated wastewater into the bay, exceeding the allowed daily volume by about 5.4 million gallons. That release, in turn, led the refinery to violate a daily limit on \"suspended solids\" in its runoff — with an estimated 7,200 pounds of toxin-laden dirt washing into the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the days leading up to the release, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725582/a-double-barreled-storm-gets-ready-to-blast-bay-area-northern-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a series of storms pounded the Bay Area with heavy rain, \u003c/a> with about 5 inches falling on the refinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resulting runoff clogged a filter at the Phillips 66 wastewater treatment plant. The regional water board says the facility would normally have sent the resulting overflow to a 9 million-gallon storage tank but couldn't because it was being used to temporarily store crude oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adrienne Ursino, a refinery spokeswoman, said the 2019 storm \"temporarily created operational challenges for our capacity to handle the large stormwater flows collected in our refinery systems.\" She added that tests of the runoff that escaped into the bay showed it was \"well within\" regulatory limits on toxic material and water quality set by the facility's discharge permit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The head of a Bay Area group that monitors the health of local waters said the runoff posed serious environmental risks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Industrial wastewater, especially from an oil refinery, can contain pollutants like toxic heavy metals and petroleum waste that are harmful to the bay, wildlife, and people,\" said Sejal Choksi-Chugh, executive director of San Francisco Baykeeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Phillips 66 was negligent for having taken its storage tank offline to store oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was sheer dumb luck that their negligence didn't cause more harm,\" Choksi-Chugh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Phillips got off easy,\" she said. \"The Regional Board had the authority to fine them millions of dollars for polluting the bay. I'd venture a guess that this slap on the wrist is not going to force the refinery to take their pollution controls more seriously.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2003, the water board has now penalized Phillips 66 a total of 11 times for violating limits on releases of various toxic materials, including chlorine, copper, selenium and other pollutants, into the bay. Including the newest fine, the violations have resulted in about $1.2 million in penalties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of those fines came in 2010, when the refinery was hit with a $600,000 penalty for 14 separate \"acute toxicity effluent violations.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year when Phillips 66 paid $80,000 to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11744480/phillips-66-fined-again-for-polluting-san-pablo-bay#:~:text=For%20the%20third%20time%20in,chlorine%20into%20San%20Pablo%20Bay.&text=The%20company%20violated%20the%20agency's,of%20%2418%2C000%20for%20those%20violations.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">settle charges it violated chlorine limits\u003c/a> in water it released into the bay over a five-month period in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In September 2016 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11514480/refinery-tanker-firm-cited-for-fumes-that-sickened-scores-in-vallejo\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a crude oil spill\u003c/a> at the facility's marine terminal caused an overpowering odor that sickened Vallejo residents. Regional air regulators filed \"public nuisance\" violations against both the refinery and the tanker's owner in that case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following year Phillips asked local air regulators for permission to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11593334/phillips-66-seeks-big-increase-in-tanker-traffic-to-rodeo-refinery\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than double the number of oil tankers\u003c/a> that travel through San Francisco Bay to unload crude at its refinery.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\">landmark 2019 transparency law\u003c/a> forced California law enforcement agencies to grant public access to records that detail investigations into officers' use of force, as well as incidents involving sexual misconduct while on duty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\">ongoing police records project\u003c/a>, KQED recently reported on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11828774/a-chp-officer-harassed-21-women-agency-fired-bad-apple-but-didnt-pursue-criminal-charges\">California Highway Patrol officer who harassed 21 women\u003c/a>. The agency planned on firing him before he resigned in 2017 — yet pursued no criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11828774 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/main5-web-size-1038x576.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some women who reported the harassment never heard back from CHP, and a fear of retribution stopped others from reporting it all together. \u003ca href=\"https://www.bwjp.org/assets/documents/pdfs/webinars/dhhs-police-sexual-misconduct-a-national-scale-study.pdf\">Studies \u003c/a>show that cases of police sexual misconduct that have been identified are just the tip of the iceberg nationwide. Harassment or assault by an officer can pose a unique challenge when law enforcement officials are the only ones that you can report to in order for an investigation to take place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Audrey Garces spoke with Camille Cooper, vice president of public policy at the Rape, Abuse and Incest National Network (RAINN), to discuss resources for survivors of sexual assault committed by police. The RAINN network's 24-hour free hotline connects people with a trained staff member from a local sexual assault service provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If someone is experiencing sexual harassment by a police officer, is there any advice you have for what they can do in the moment?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hard thing is in a situation like that, it's going to be your word against his word. And it may be perceived that you're leveling the allegation to get out of a ticket or a charge, so there's going to be some natural cynicism on the part of the law enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would give these women the same advice I would give anyone: that it's important to document. But it's a really tricky situation, especially like, what do you do if you are actually being arrested and it happens? And you've been handcuffed and it happens? Where you don't have the ability to actually physically defend yourself or get away from someone who is assaulting you?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's all kinds of power dynamics and control dynamics that come into play. It's a tough question to answer because you're so vulnerable in that situation. (But) you could also 911 and ask them to stay on the phone with you, if you're feeling unsafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can you safely document an incident of sexual misconduct by police?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(You can) audio record, if you're able to do that while it's happening. I've heard of incidents where police officers will ask women to step out of their vehicle and do searches, so that might be a situation where that might be appropriate. The hard thing is that it probably happens so quickly and unexpectedly, that it's probably hard to anticipate that it's going to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that you can do, too, is send yourself an email with all the details you can remember, because the email will be time and date stamped. That creates a contemporaneous record that then is admissible later in a legal proceeding, because you wrote it at the time that it occurred. Lots of people have phones, so it's very easy to send yourself an email and document everything with as many details as you can remember about what happened. So if you're not ready to report right away, that's one thing you could do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you document the incident or seek immediate care without police involvement?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you go to a rape crisis center — not necessarily because you want to report, but because you want to receive services — and you sit down with a counselor and you go through what happened, that's going to be documented in the therapeutic records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Camille Cooper, the vice president of public policy at RAINN\"]'I think that we need to trust that even if there's no proof, trust the voice that says, 'Something's not right here.''[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem with that is everything in there is part of the record, and if you're trying to have a very confidential open, therapeutic session, then there might be things in there that you also do not want to come out later in a legal proceeding (if you choose to report to law enforcement).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can seek medical care for an assault if you have injuries, and/or if you want prophylactics or STD prophylactics. You can do what’s called an “anonymous sexual assault exam,” and that doesn't go to the police, but it stays within the hospital records so that if you want to report at a later time, then you can activate that. But the record is there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's important for survivors to know they can seek medical care, go to a hospital and they can even get a rape kit exam done. They can say, “I want this to be anonymous,” and it will not get reported to the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Here is \u003ca href=\"http://www.bawar.org/get-help-for-yourself/\">more information\u003c/a> from Bay Area Women Against Rape about a survivor's choice on whether or not to report to police.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What if you’ve experienced sexual harassment or assault by a police officer, but you’re doubting or rationalizing the situation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's really important for women to trust their intuition. I think a lot of times, we do second guess ourselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would recommend people to read (a) book by Gavin de Becker, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Gift-Fear-Survival-Signals-Violence/dp/0440226198\">The Gift of Fear\u003c/a>\" … What he talks about in this book, is we usually have that little voice in our head that tells us when something's not quite right. Some people listen to that voice, they trust that voice. And some people go and second guess it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don't want to be afraid. They don't want to come across as being paranoid or doing things out of fear. So that voice is actually kind of trained in the wrong way in our brains. A lot of times you'll get a tightness in your stomach — or you’ll get like a sense that something is not right here — and I think that we need to trust that even if there's no proof, trust the voice that says, “Something's not right here. You need to get out of here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rainn.org/laws-your-state-california\">Here is more information\u003c/a> from RAINN on sexual violence laws in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What resources does RAINN provide for survivors of sexual assault?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RAINN is an anonymous and confidential hotline. Anyone can come to our hotline to get support and our hotline staff is 24/7. If you need to stay on the phone with someone for two hours, they're going to stay on the phone with you for that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's an amazing service: It's free, it's confidential. And depending on what your needs are, if you want to understand the legal process, if you just want some emotional support or if you want to be connected to services in your local area — all of that can be done through our hotline.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Additional Resources:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Here is a list of resources for survivors of sexual assault and harassment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>RAINN's\u003ca href=\"https://rainn.org\"> National Sexual Assault Hotline\u003c/a> provides support, information, advice or referrals by \u003ca href=\"https://hotline.rainn.org/online?_ga=2.203831440.1830086394.1595001741-1283738914.1594838176\">online chat\u003c/a> or phone at (800) 656-HOPE\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://centers.rainn.org\">Here is a search tool\u003c/a> to find local, independent sexual assault service providers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bawar.org\">Bay Area Women Against Rape\u003c/a> has a 24-hr Sexual Assault Crisis Hotline at (510) 845-7273 and provides in-person counseling services, and as well as hospital, police and courtroom accompaniments.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwar.org/about.html\">San Francisco Women Against Rape\u003c/a> has a 24-hour hotline for crisis counselors to offer support, information and resources at (415) 647-RAPE.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Bay Area \u003ca href=\"http://traumarecoverycenter.org/services/\">Trauma Recovery Center\u003c/a> helps facilitate healing for survivors of trauma and violence, including mental health services, and medical services for sexual assault within 72 hours.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay Area Women Against Rape has \u003ca href=\"http://www.bawar.org/get-help-for-a-loved-one/\">tips on how to support loved one\u003c/a> who has experienced sexual violence.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Here is \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwar.org/pdf/RefGuide.pdf\">a referral guide\u003c/a> from San Francisco Women Against Rape that includes more reources.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\">landmark 2019 transparency law\u003c/a> forced California law enforcement agencies to grant public access to records that detail investigations into officers' use of force, as well as incidents involving sexual misconduct while on duty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\">ongoing police records project\u003c/a>, KQED recently reported on a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11828774/a-chp-officer-harassed-21-women-agency-fired-bad-apple-but-didnt-pursue-criminal-charges\">California Highway Patrol officer who harassed 21 women\u003c/a>. The agency planned on firing him before he resigned in 2017 — yet pursued no criminal charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some women who reported the harassment never heard back from CHP, and a fear of retribution stopped others from reporting it all together. \u003ca href=\"https://www.bwjp.org/assets/documents/pdfs/webinars/dhhs-police-sexual-misconduct-a-national-scale-study.pdf\">Studies \u003c/a>show that cases of police sexual misconduct that have been identified are just the tip of the iceberg nationwide. Harassment or assault by an officer can pose a unique challenge when law enforcement officials are the only ones that you can report to in order for an investigation to take place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED's Audrey Garces spoke with Camille Cooper, vice president of public policy at the Rape, Abuse and Incest National Network (RAINN), to discuss resources for survivors of sexual assault committed by police. The RAINN network's 24-hour free hotline connects people with a trained staff member from a local sexual assault service provider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>If someone is experiencing sexual harassment by a police officer, is there any advice you have for what they can do in the moment?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hard thing is in a situation like that, it's going to be your word against his word. And it may be perceived that you're leveling the allegation to get out of a ticket or a charge, so there's going to be some natural cynicism on the part of the law enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would give these women the same advice I would give anyone: that it's important to document. But it's a really tricky situation, especially like, what do you do if you are actually being arrested and it happens? And you've been handcuffed and it happens? Where you don't have the ability to actually physically defend yourself or get away from someone who is assaulting you?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's all kinds of power dynamics and control dynamics that come into play. It's a tough question to answer because you're so vulnerable in that situation. (But) you could also 911 and ask them to stay on the phone with you, if you're feeling unsafe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How can you safely document an incident of sexual misconduct by police?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(You can) audio record, if you're able to do that while it's happening. I've heard of incidents where police officers will ask women to step out of their vehicle and do searches, so that might be a situation where that might be appropriate. The hard thing is that it probably happens so quickly and unexpectedly, that it's probably hard to anticipate that it's going to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing that you can do, too, is send yourself an email with all the details you can remember, because the email will be time and date stamped. That creates a contemporaneous record that then is admissible later in a legal proceeding, because you wrote it at the time that it occurred. Lots of people have phones, so it's very easy to send yourself an email and document everything with as many details as you can remember about what happened. So if you're not ready to report right away, that's one thing you could do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Can you document the incident or seek immediate care without police involvement?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you go to a rape crisis center — not necessarily because you want to report, but because you want to receive services — and you sit down with a counselor and you go through what happened, that's going to be documented in the therapeutic records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem with that is everything in there is part of the record, and if you're trying to have a very confidential open, therapeutic session, then there might be things in there that you also do not want to come out later in a legal proceeding (if you choose to report to law enforcement).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can seek medical care for an assault if you have injuries, and/or if you want prophylactics or STD prophylactics. You can do what’s called an “anonymous sexual assault exam,” and that doesn't go to the police, but it stays within the hospital records so that if you want to report at a later time, then you can activate that. But the record is there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's important for survivors to know they can seek medical care, go to a hospital and they can even get a rape kit exam done. They can say, “I want this to be anonymous,” and it will not get reported to the police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Here is \u003ca href=\"http://www.bawar.org/get-help-for-yourself/\">more information\u003c/a> from Bay Area Women Against Rape about a survivor's choice on whether or not to report to police.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What if you’ve experienced sexual harassment or assault by a police officer, but you’re doubting or rationalizing the situation?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's really important for women to trust their intuition. I think a lot of times, we do second guess ourselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I would recommend people to read (a) book by Gavin de Becker, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Gift-Fear-Survival-Signals-Violence/dp/0440226198\">The Gift of Fear\u003c/a>\" … What he talks about in this book, is we usually have that little voice in our head that tells us when something's not quite right. Some people listen to that voice, they trust that voice. And some people go and second guess it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most people don't want to be afraid. They don't want to come across as being paranoid or doing things out of fear. So that voice is actually kind of trained in the wrong way in our brains. A lot of times you'll get a tightness in your stomach — or you’ll get like a sense that something is not right here — and I think that we need to trust that even if there's no proof, trust the voice that says, “Something's not right here. You need to get out of here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.rainn.org/laws-your-state-california\">Here is more information\u003c/a> from RAINN on sexual violence laws in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What resources does RAINN provide for survivors of sexual assault?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RAINN is an anonymous and confidential hotline. Anyone can come to our hotline to get support and our hotline staff is 24/7. If you need to stay on the phone with someone for two hours, they're going to stay on the phone with you for that long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's an amazing service: It's free, it's confidential. And depending on what your needs are, if you want to understand the legal process, if you just want some emotional support or if you want to be connected to services in your local area — all of that can be done through our hotline.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Additional Resources:\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Here is a list of resources for survivors of sexual assault and harassment:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>RAINN's\u003ca href=\"https://rainn.org\"> National Sexual Assault Hotline\u003c/a> provides support, information, advice or referrals by \u003ca href=\"https://hotline.rainn.org/online?_ga=2.203831440.1830086394.1595001741-1283738914.1594838176\">online chat\u003c/a> or phone at (800) 656-HOPE\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://centers.rainn.org\">Here is a search tool\u003c/a> to find local, independent sexual assault service providers.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bawar.org\">Bay Area Women Against Rape\u003c/a> has a 24-hr Sexual Assault Crisis Hotline at (510) 845-7273 and provides in-person counseling services, and as well as hospital, police and courtroom accompaniments.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwar.org/about.html\">San Francisco Women Against Rape\u003c/a> has a 24-hour hotline for crisis counselors to offer support, information and resources at (415) 647-RAPE.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Bay Area \u003ca href=\"http://traumarecoverycenter.org/services/\">Trauma Recovery Center\u003c/a> helps facilitate healing for survivors of trauma and violence, including mental health services, and medical services for sexual assault within 72 hours.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay Area Women Against Rape has \u003ca href=\"http://www.bawar.org/get-help-for-a-loved-one/\">tips on how to support loved one\u003c/a> who has experienced sexual violence.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Here is \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfwar.org/pdf/RefGuide.pdf\">a referral guide\u003c/a> from San Francisco Women Against Rape that includes more reources.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "A CHP Officer Harassed 21 Women, Agency Fired 'Bad Apple' But Didn't Pursue Criminal Charges",
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"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]N[/dropcap]icole remembers feeling grateful that Officer Morgan McGrew agreed to meet her so early in the morning. The 7:30 a.m. appointment would let her handle the errand — verifying her car’s vehicle identification number — and still make it to work on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when she met McGrew in the parking lot of the West Valley California Highway Patrol Office in Los Angeles, there seemed to be a problem. McGrew said he was having trouble finding the VIN sticker on her car door. Then, Nicole says, the conversation abruptly shifted.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nicole\"]‘If this gets even more uncomfortable and sketchy what am I going to do next?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘I'll pass this car, and you'll be able to get your registration, if you go out on a date with me,’” she remembers McGrew saying. “I kind of froze,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole says she was suddenly hyper aware of her surroundings — alone in a deserted parking lot with a man who was sitting in the front seat of her car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was going through my options in my head for a minute or two there trying to figure out: OK, if this gets even more uncomfortable and sketchy what am I going to do next?” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, she tried to laugh off his proposition. She needed him to sign off on her car’s VIN. But McGrew didn’t drop it; he kept asking. Twice more, she says, he offered to pass her car in exchange for a date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At that point I just shut down completely, and just kind of gave him this look like, ‘I'm so uncomfortable,’” she says. “And then he got more awkward and finally just kind of stepped out of my car, handed me paperwork and said I was good to go. And then I drove off.”[aside postID=\"news_11817288,news_11786770,news_11758000\" label=\"California's Secret Police Files\" heroLink=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\" target=\"_blank\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole, who spoke on condition that her full name not be published to respect her privacy, was one of 21 women McGrew propositioned and harassed during VIN verification appointments, according to records from a 2016 internal investigation obtained by KQED and the California Reporting Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four women said McGrew offered to pass their vehicles if they would go on a date or to a nearby motel with him. Two said McGrew sent them text messages soliciting sex after he took down their phone numbers during a VIN appointment. Fifteen described McGrew making comments that ranged from proposing sex to asking intrusive personal questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew resigned in 2017 when the California Highway Patrol notified him that it planned to fire him for a variety of misconduct, including improperly trying to foster relationships with members of the public, making inappropriate sexual comments and propositioning women for sex while on duty, the documents show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records provide details about the type of sexual misconduct by law enforcement that remained secret for decades in California until a landmark transparency law required agencies last year to publicly disclose a variety of documents, including investigations of officers found to have committed sexual assault while on duty. The Right to Know Act has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">exposed\u003c/a> repeated instances of abuse, ranging from correctional officers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11786495/metoo-behind-bars-new-records-shed-light-on-sexual-abuse-inside-state-womens-prisons\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">prison\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11740176/former-sonoma-county-sheriffs-deputy-groped-inmate-avoided-criminal-charge\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">jail\u003c/a> who assaulted women under their guard to an officer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716343/police-records-law-burlingame-cop-fired-for-asking-woman-to-trade-sex-for-help-with-charges\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">fired for soliciting\u003c/a> sex from an arrestee and one \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749447/who-do-you-call-for-help-when-your-abuser-is-a-cop\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">accused of beating and raping\u003c/a> his girlfriend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]I[/dropcap]n McGrew's case, the CHP did not refer him to the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office to decide if criminal charges were warranted. A CHP spokeswoman wrote in an email that “had there been sufficient evidence that a crime had occurred, it would have been investigated and potentially referred to the district attorney's office.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district attorney's office declined to comment on the case. The California Association of Highway Patrolmen, which represented McGrew, also did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to reach McGrew for comment were unsuccessful. The CHP records show he admitted making the comments during VIN inspections but argued that termination was an excessive punishment after his 14 years of service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While I do not dispute that I made inexcusable comments to members of the public, the remarks were never mean spirited,\" he wrote in a letter to internal affairs.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Phil Stinson,\u003cbr>Bowling Green State University\"]‘This is an extraordinary example of how they (police) hide their dirty laundry and protect their own.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former U.S. Attorney for Northern California Joe Russoniello, who reviewed the internal affairs files, described McGrew's conduct as \"a wanton abuse of his badge\" and said he was shocked that the CHP did not refer McGrew to the DA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An agency needs to show that it's serious about rejecting this kind of behavior,” Russoniello says. “And the serious way to do that is a criminal referral.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an extraordinary example of how they (police) hide their dirty laundry and protect their own,” says Phil Stinson, criminal justice professor of Bowling Green State University in Ohio. He says the documents contain clear allegations that McGrew repeatedly solicited bribes in the form of sexual favors from women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stinson, who's studied police crime for 16 years, says officers like McGrew are often dismissed as “bad apples” and terminated, but that departments fail to investigate the systemic issues that allowed the misconduct in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a mass \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11823616/police-violence-since-oscar-grant-has-anything-truly-changed\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">movement over police violence\u003c/a> continues across the country, Stinson says the prevalence of police sexual violence is an integral part of the issue. His research has found that behavior like McGrew’s is normalized in many U.S. police departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not every police officer, of course, is engaging in this kind of behavior,” Stinson says. “But I can tell you that most police officers across the country could tell you of a colleague who engages in this type of behavior.”[aside postID=\"news_11749447,news_11786770,news_11786495\" label=\"California's Secret Police Files\" heroLink=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\" target=\"_blank\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of times the CHP has disciplined an officer for sexual misconduct in the past five years is still unknown. A coalition of news organizations including KQED requested all such records on Jan. 1, 2019, but the agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758000/delaying-the-inevitable-many-police-agencies-withhold-records-in-new-era-of-transparency\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">stalled\u003c/a> for over a year before providing a single case file. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11817288/kqed-sues-chp-over-failure-to-disclose-discipline-and-use-of-force-records\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">KQED filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> in May against the CHP to force disclosure. The internal investigation of former Officer McGrew was produced shortly thereafter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has also released its investigation into former CHP officer Timothy Larios, whose romantic relationship with a female confidential informant \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11817288/kqed-sues-chp-over-failure-to-disclose-discipline-and-use-of-force-records\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">compromised\u003c/a> an interagency narcotics operation and endangered the woman. A third file details the agency’s probe into former officer John Frizzell who was fired in 2014 for fondling a woman’s breasts during a traffic stop and asking another female motorist to lift up her shirt. Like McGrew, neither of these officers faced criminal charges, according to the documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]R[/dropcap]ecords show the CHP began investigating McGrew after a woman made a complaint in 2016. Like Nicole, this woman made an appointment with McGrew to get her VIN verified so she could get her car registered with the DMV. She had her son with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew gave the kid a CHP sticker and looked at the vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew then told the woman he would pass her car if she went to a nearby motel with him, according to the documents. The woman, who spoke Spanish, didn’t immediately understand what McGrew was asking. So, McGrew repeated the proposition twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman went inside the office to complain about McGrew’s behavior. A sergeant asked her if she misunderstood McGrew due to the language barrier and if she’d been drinking or taking drugs. She said there was no misunderstanding and that she wasn’t under the influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She could not explain the expression on Officer McGrew's face, but she said he was smiling when he asked the question about getting a motel room,” the documents say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the internal investigation stemming from that incident the CHP sent three rounds of surveys to about 150 women between 18-40 years of age who’d made appointments with McGrew during his time as an inspection officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11829157\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11829157\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2.jpg\" alt=\"The beautiful eyes of the young driver woman are reflected in the rearview mirror. Blurred road and landscape is in the background.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'You don't look disabled from here,' CHP Officer Morgan McGrew told a woman with a disability parking permit. Later in that same appointment he told her, 'You're young, but not too young for me.' \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The CHP improperly redacted dates showing the length of the investigation and time span of McGrew’s abuse. But it is clear that the agency’s investigation did not include anything in the officer’s career before he was assigned to vehicle inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By limiting the scope of the investigation to those over the age of 18, investigators may well have missed more vulnerable victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What about the 16- or 17-year-old driver that may own a car that he had come into contact with?” Stinson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHP investigators found multiple women who confirmed that McGrew even made sexual comments to those who were with their partners or children, and he did target young women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman with a disability due to a back injury said that McGrew questioned her about parking her vehicle in a handicapped parking spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You don't look disabled from here,\" McGrew said, according to the woman. Later in that same appointment he told her, “You're young, but not too young for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another woman said she felt violated after her experience at the CHP office. According to the documents:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Officer McGrew asked her what she was going to do for him if he passed her car. She said she tried to laugh it off, but believed it was inappropriate. She said he then made comments about ‘handcuffing’ her and getting her in the ‘back seat of her car.’ [Victim’s name redacted] also stated he mentioned taking her to a motel at the end or up the street. She said he even mentioned it had been recently remodeled and that it was fairly clean.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>McGrew admitted to investigators that he had made inappropriate comments to women while on duty, but said he never intended to act on those comments. When asked why he made these propositions to women, McGrew replied: “Just to see if they’ll say yes,” according to interview transcripts in the investigation file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew, however, did date at least one woman he harassed on the job, he told investigators, and he repeatedly texted another for a few months. Both said they cut off contact with him after his explicit messages made them uncomfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew solicited two other women for sex via text message after their appointments. Documents show that McGrew got rid of that untraceable prepaid cellphone before investigators could look at it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You're dealing with a law enforcement officer who has a gun and a badge they’re a person in a position of authority,\" Stinson says. \"And it's very threatening for a woman to find themselves in that situation where the officer's suggesting that they engage in a sex act. It’s absolutely terrifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828787\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828787\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1.jpg\" alt=\"The image shows text messages sent by a former CHP Officer to a woman whose vehicle he had just inspected. The officer texted, "So when should i come over to stay the night?" Response: "Who's this ?" Officer: "The person who just looked at ur car" Response: "How'd you get my number ?" Officer: "Sorry i will not text u again. My mistake"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1795\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-800x748.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-1020x954.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-160x150.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-1536x1436.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Text messages exchanged between former CHP Officer Morgan McGrew and a woman he'd met during a VIN inspection. \u003ccite>(Via California Highway Patrol)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Officers like McGrew have immense power. A registered vehicle is often key to a person’s mobility, employment and family life. Without proper registration people can face fines, or even lose their car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And McGrew had access to all of these women’s home addresses and personal cellphone numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]M[/dropcap]any of the women told investigators they didn’t file complaints about McGrew because they were afraid of what he might do with the power of his office. Stinson has found that complaints about police sexual misconduct are often never filed because of this fear of retribution, which makes it difficult to ever fully see — and address — the scope of the problem. One woman reported being scared to come back to the CHP for her follow-up appointment because she would have to see McGrew again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole says she didn’t make a complaint due to what she called her “classic chick response.” First, she blamed herself for agreeing to meet a man alone at 7:30 in the morning, even if he was a police officer. Then she tried to rationalize his behavior; maybe he wasn’t serious or maybe he was just an awkward flirt? Months later she learned she wasn’t the only one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole says when she started getting follow-up calls asking her to fill out a survey about her experience, she ignored them. But the calls kept coming until she was getting two or three calls a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I finally stayed on the phone a little longer to be like, ‘Why are you guys bothering me so much? This is a little aggressive for a freaking survey!’” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investigator on the phone spelled it out for her; other women had made complaints about McGrew. So Nicole told him what had happened to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After taking her statement, Nicole says the CHP never got back to her to let her know what happened with McGrew. She says she would also have expected the agency to make some kind of changes as a result of the investigation. They have not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No changes to CHP policy were necessary because the behavior was against policy then and is today,” a CHP spokeswoman wrote via email. “The employee's conduct was investigated and the employee was appropriately disciplined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew argued it was excessive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A forty-five day leave without pay would have been ample punishment,\" he wrote in a letter to CHP internal affairs. \"A supervisor I had previously embarrassed had a stated mission to ‘make me pay.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russoniello says that by not prosecuting McGrew and not putting in place safeguards to prevent this type of abuse in future, the agency failed to take a strong position against sexual assault by its officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you’ve gotten rid of the ‘bad apple’ you close the book,” he says. “We don’t have to worry about it anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11829433 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/RS43990_iStock-943697000-qut-1020x750.jpg']In the three years since this happened, Nicole says she has thought about it a lot. Her father was a police officer and before this experience, Nicole says she felt really positively about police. She doesn’t anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the #MeToo movement started, Nicole says she and her female co-workers shared their experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was one of my stories, because it was one of those moments where I was just like, this could end very badly,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she would have liked the CHP to do more intensive screening of potential officers to weed out people like McGrew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He probably had some sort of history of creeping women the hell out,” Nicole says. “How does someone like that even get that far?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-800x777.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-1020x990.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Reporting Project\u003c/a>, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">N\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>icole remembers feeling grateful that Officer Morgan McGrew agreed to meet her so early in the morning. The 7:30 a.m. appointment would let her handle the errand — verifying her car’s vehicle identification number — and still make it to work on time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when she met McGrew in the parking lot of the West Valley California Highway Patrol Office in Los Angeles, there seemed to be a problem. McGrew said he was having trouble finding the VIN sticker on her car door. Then, Nicole says, the conversation abruptly shifted.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘I'll pass this car, and you'll be able to get your registration, if you go out on a date with me,’” she remembers McGrew saying. “I kind of froze,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole says she was suddenly hyper aware of her surroundings — alone in a deserted parking lot with a man who was sitting in the front seat of her car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was going through my options in my head for a minute or two there trying to figure out: OK, if this gets even more uncomfortable and sketchy what am I going to do next?” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, she tried to laugh off his proposition. She needed him to sign off on her car’s VIN. But McGrew didn’t drop it; he kept asking. Twice more, she says, he offered to pass her car in exchange for a date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At that point I just shut down completely, and just kind of gave him this look like, ‘I'm so uncomfortable,’” she says. “And then he got more awkward and finally just kind of stepped out of my car, handed me paperwork and said I was good to go. And then I drove off.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole, who spoke on condition that her full name not be published to respect her privacy, was one of 21 women McGrew propositioned and harassed during VIN verification appointments, according to records from a 2016 internal investigation obtained by KQED and the California Reporting Project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four women said McGrew offered to pass their vehicles if they would go on a date or to a nearby motel with him. Two said McGrew sent them text messages soliciting sex after he took down their phone numbers during a VIN appointment. Fifteen described McGrew making comments that ranged from proposing sex to asking intrusive personal questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew resigned in 2017 when the California Highway Patrol notified him that it planned to fire him for a variety of misconduct, including improperly trying to foster relationships with members of the public, making inappropriate sexual comments and propositioning women for sex while on duty, the documents show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records provide details about the type of sexual misconduct by law enforcement that remained secret for decades in California until a landmark transparency law required agencies last year to publicly disclose a variety of documents, including investigations of officers found to have committed sexual assault while on duty. The Right to Know Act has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/policerecords\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">exposed\u003c/a> repeated instances of abuse, ranging from correctional officers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11786495/metoo-behind-bars-new-records-shed-light-on-sexual-abuse-inside-state-womens-prisons\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">prison\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11740176/former-sonoma-county-sheriffs-deputy-groped-inmate-avoided-criminal-charge\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">jail\u003c/a> who assaulted women under their guard to an officer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716343/police-records-law-burlingame-cop-fired-for-asking-woman-to-trade-sex-for-help-with-charges\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">fired for soliciting\u003c/a> sex from an arrestee and one \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11749447/who-do-you-call-for-help-when-your-abuser-is-a-cop\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">accused of beating and raping\u003c/a> his girlfriend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">I\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n McGrew's case, the CHP did not refer him to the Los Angeles County District Attorney's Office to decide if criminal charges were warranted. A CHP spokeswoman wrote in an email that “had there been sufficient evidence that a crime had occurred, it would have been investigated and potentially referred to the district attorney's office.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The district attorney's office declined to comment on the case. The California Association of Highway Patrolmen, which represented McGrew, also did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efforts to reach McGrew for comment were unsuccessful. The CHP records show he admitted making the comments during VIN inspections but argued that termination was an excessive punishment after his 14 years of service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"While I do not dispute that I made inexcusable comments to members of the public, the remarks were never mean spirited,\" he wrote in a letter to internal affairs.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘This is an extraordinary example of how they (police) hide their dirty laundry and protect their own.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former U.S. Attorney for Northern California Joe Russoniello, who reviewed the internal affairs files, described McGrew's conduct as \"a wanton abuse of his badge\" and said he was shocked that the CHP did not refer McGrew to the DA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An agency needs to show that it's serious about rejecting this kind of behavior,” Russoniello says. “And the serious way to do that is a criminal referral.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is an extraordinary example of how they (police) hide their dirty laundry and protect their own,” says Phil Stinson, criminal justice professor of Bowling Green State University in Ohio. He says the documents contain clear allegations that McGrew repeatedly solicited bribes in the form of sexual favors from women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stinson, who's studied police crime for 16 years, says officers like McGrew are often dismissed as “bad apples” and terminated, but that departments fail to investigate the systemic issues that allowed the misconduct in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a mass \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11823616/police-violence-since-oscar-grant-has-anything-truly-changed\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">movement over police violence\u003c/a> continues across the country, Stinson says the prevalence of police sexual violence is an integral part of the issue. His research has found that behavior like McGrew’s is normalized in many U.S. police departments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not every police officer, of course, is engaging in this kind of behavior,” Stinson says. “But I can tell you that most police officers across the country could tell you of a colleague who engages in this type of behavior.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of times the CHP has disciplined an officer for sexual misconduct in the past five years is still unknown. A coalition of news organizations including KQED requested all such records on Jan. 1, 2019, but the agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11758000/delaying-the-inevitable-many-police-agencies-withhold-records-in-new-era-of-transparency\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">stalled\u003c/a> for over a year before providing a single case file. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11817288/kqed-sues-chp-over-failure-to-disclose-discipline-and-use-of-force-records\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">KQED filed a lawsuit\u003c/a> in May against the CHP to force disclosure. The internal investigation of former Officer McGrew was produced shortly thereafter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has also released its investigation into former CHP officer Timothy Larios, whose romantic relationship with a female confidential informant \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11817288/kqed-sues-chp-over-failure-to-disclose-discipline-and-use-of-force-records\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">compromised\u003c/a> an interagency narcotics operation and endangered the woman. A third file details the agency’s probe into former officer John Frizzell who was fired in 2014 for fondling a woman’s breasts during a traffic stop and asking another female motorist to lift up her shirt. Like McGrew, neither of these officers faced criminal charges, according to the documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">R\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>ecords show the CHP began investigating McGrew after a woman made a complaint in 2016. Like Nicole, this woman made an appointment with McGrew to get her VIN verified so she could get her car registered with the DMV. She had her son with her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew gave the kid a CHP sticker and looked at the vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew then told the woman he would pass her car if she went to a nearby motel with him, according to the documents. The woman, who spoke Spanish, didn’t immediately understand what McGrew was asking. So, McGrew repeated the proposition twice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman went inside the office to complain about McGrew’s behavior. A sergeant asked her if she misunderstood McGrew due to the language barrier and if she’d been drinking or taking drugs. She said there was no misunderstanding and that she wasn’t under the influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She could not explain the expression on Officer McGrew's face, but she said he was smiling when he asked the question about getting a motel room,” the documents say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the internal investigation stemming from that incident the CHP sent three rounds of surveys to about 150 women between 18-40 years of age who’d made appointments with McGrew during his time as an inspection officer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11829157\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11829157\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2.jpg\" alt=\"The beautiful eyes of the young driver woman are reflected in the rearview mirror. Blurred road and landscape is in the background.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/rearview2-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">'You don't look disabled from here,' CHP Officer Morgan McGrew told a woman with a disability parking permit. Later in that same appointment he told her, 'You're young, but not too young for me.' \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The CHP improperly redacted dates showing the length of the investigation and time span of McGrew’s abuse. But it is clear that the agency’s investigation did not include anything in the officer’s career before he was assigned to vehicle inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By limiting the scope of the investigation to those over the age of 18, investigators may well have missed more vulnerable victims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What about the 16- or 17-year-old driver that may own a car that he had come into contact with?” Stinson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CHP investigators found multiple women who confirmed that McGrew even made sexual comments to those who were with their partners or children, and he did target young women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman with a disability due to a back injury said that McGrew questioned her about parking her vehicle in a handicapped parking spot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You don't look disabled from here,\" McGrew said, according to the woman. Later in that same appointment he told her, “You're young, but not too young for me.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another woman said she felt violated after her experience at the CHP office. According to the documents:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“Officer McGrew asked her what she was going to do for him if he passed her car. She said she tried to laugh it off, but believed it was inappropriate. She said he then made comments about ‘handcuffing’ her and getting her in the ‘back seat of her car.’ [Victim’s name redacted] also stated he mentioned taking her to a motel at the end or up the street. She said he even mentioned it had been recently remodeled and that it was fairly clean.”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>McGrew admitted to investigators that he had made inappropriate comments to women while on duty, but said he never intended to act on those comments. When asked why he made these propositions to women, McGrew replied: “Just to see if they’ll say yes,” according to interview transcripts in the investigation file.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew, however, did date at least one woman he harassed on the job, he told investigators, and he repeatedly texted another for a few months. Both said they cut off contact with him after his explicit messages made them uncomfortable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew solicited two other women for sex via text message after their appointments. Documents show that McGrew got rid of that untraceable prepaid cellphone before investigators could look at it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You're dealing with a law enforcement officer who has a gun and a badge they’re a person in a position of authority,\" Stinson says. \"And it's very threatening for a woman to find themselves in that situation where the officer's suggesting that they engage in a sex act. It’s absolutely terrifying.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828787\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828787\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1.jpg\" alt=\"The image shows text messages sent by a former CHP Officer to a woman whose vehicle he had just inspected. The officer texted, "So when should i come over to stay the night?" Response: "Who's this ?" Officer: "The person who just looked at ur car" Response: "How'd you get my number ?" Officer: "Sorry i will not text u again. My mistake"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1795\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-800x748.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-1020x954.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-160x150.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/McGrew-pic-1-1536x1436.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Text messages exchanged between former CHP Officer Morgan McGrew and a woman he'd met during a VIN inspection. \u003ccite>(Via California Highway Patrol)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Officers like McGrew have immense power. A registered vehicle is often key to a person’s mobility, employment and family life. Without proper registration people can face fines, or even lose their car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And McGrew had access to all of these women’s home addresses and personal cellphone numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">M\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>any of the women told investigators they didn’t file complaints about McGrew because they were afraid of what he might do with the power of his office. Stinson has found that complaints about police sexual misconduct are often never filed because of this fear of retribution, which makes it difficult to ever fully see — and address — the scope of the problem. One woman reported being scared to come back to the CHP for her follow-up appointment because she would have to see McGrew again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole says she didn’t make a complaint due to what she called her “classic chick response.” First, she blamed herself for agreeing to meet a man alone at 7:30 in the morning, even if he was a police officer. Then she tried to rationalize his behavior; maybe he wasn’t serious or maybe he was just an awkward flirt? Months later she learned she wasn’t the only one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicole says when she started getting follow-up calls asking her to fill out a survey about her experience, she ignored them. But the calls kept coming until she was getting two or three calls a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I finally stayed on the phone a little longer to be like, ‘Why are you guys bothering me so much? This is a little aggressive for a freaking survey!’” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The investigator on the phone spelled it out for her; other women had made complaints about McGrew. So Nicole told him what had happened to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After taking her statement, Nicole says the CHP never got back to her to let her know what happened with McGrew. She says she would also have expected the agency to make some kind of changes as a result of the investigation. They have not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No changes to CHP policy were necessary because the behavior was against policy then and is today,” a CHP spokeswoman wrote via email. “The employee's conduct was investigated and the employee was appropriately disciplined.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McGrew argued it was excessive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A forty-five day leave without pay would have been ample punishment,\" he wrote in a letter to CHP internal affairs. \"A supervisor I had previously embarrassed had a stated mission to ‘make me pay.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Russoniello says that by not prosecuting McGrew and not putting in place safeguards to prevent this type of abuse in future, the agency failed to take a strong position against sexual assault by its officers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Once you’ve gotten rid of the ‘bad apple’ you close the book,” he says. “We don’t have to worry about it anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the three years since this happened, Nicole says she has thought about it a lot. Her father was a police officer and before this experience, Nicole says she felt really positively about police. She doesn’t anymore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the #MeToo movement started, Nicole says she and her female co-workers shared their experiences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was one of my stories, because it was one of those moments where I was just like, this could end very badly,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she would have liked the CHP to do more intensive screening of potential officers to weed out people like McGrew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He probably had some sort of history of creeping women the hell out,” Nicole says. “How does someone like that even get that far?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-thumbnail wp-image-11786993\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"160\" height=\"155\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-160x155.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-800x777.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1-1020x990.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/11/crp-alt-logo-1.png 1030w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 160px) 100vw, 160px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>This story was produced by the \u003ca href=\"https://projects.scpr.org/california-reporting-project/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">California Reporting Project\u003c/a>, a coalition of 40 news organizations across the state. The project was formed to request and report on previously secret records of police misconduct and use of force in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Major California Oil Producer Falls Victim to Collapse in Crude Prices Amid Pandemic",
"title": "Major California Oil Producer Falls Victim to Collapse in Crude Prices Amid Pandemic",
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"content": "\u003cp>Facing a mountain of debt amid a historic coronavirus-driven crisis in the petroleum industry, one of California's biggest oil producers has filed for bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry analysts say the filing late Wednesday by Los Angeles County-based California Resources Corp. is a dramatic illustration of the challenges facing oil producers as pandemic-fighting measures across the globe have drastically reduced demand for petroleum products and contributed to a crash in crude prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental activists say the crisis in the industry increases the risk that troubled oil-field operators will fail to meet their legal responsibility to safely shut down California's tens of thousands of idle wells. They're calling on Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration to intensify efforts to make sure that such wells — which can pose significant problems with water quality, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and are expensive to properly decommission — are not simply deserted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kassie Siegel, Center for Biological Diversity\"]'Given the huge number of (oil) wells at stake, the Newsom administration has to intervene quickly to protect the public and our environment.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the California Geologic Energy Management Division, or CalGEM, say they were prepared for CRC's filing, which had been telegraphed in a series of dire statements in recent Securities and Exchange Commission filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"CalGEM has taken steps to prepare for developments like this and will continue its oversight of CRC’s facilities and operations to ensure ongoing protection of public health, safety and the environment,” Uduak-Joe Ntuk, the state's oil and gas regulator, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, whose oil-field operations are centered in Kern County's Elk Hills oil field, sought federal bankruptcy protection after cash flow problems made it impossible to continue payments on about $5 billion in debt the company assumed when it was spun off from Occidental Petroleum in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CRC, which filed its Chapter 11 petition in federal Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas, said it has lined up $1 billion in \"debtor in possession\" financing to allow it to continue operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Severin Borenstein, a professor and energy researcher at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business, said CRC's filing was a direct result of the collapse in oil prices due to the pandemic and a global oil price war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The entire industry is going through a major financial crunch,\" Borenstein said. \"The drop in oil prices starting in March really took them by surprise and they have been losing money — drastically — ever since.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borenstein said that with petroleum demand bouncing back and crude oil prices rebounding to the $40 per barrel range, the financial pressure on the industry as a whole has eased somewhat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But for companies that were already not in great long-term shape, which includes California Resources, that means there's serious problems continuing operations in all of the areas they are,\" Borenstein said. He added that oil producers in the state face challenges beyond the oil price collapse and the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Production has been declining for years, and the demand and the need for California oil has been declining,\" Borenstein said. \"That's because California has been getting more and more of its oil from other places, through the ports, and less and less demand for Central California oil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='oil-industry']CalGEM records show that CRC's portfolio includes about 6,500 active and 5,000 idled oil wells in Kern County alone. Environmental activists say the sheer size of that portfolio — just a fraction of the roughly 106,000 active and idle wells in the state — raises the specter of the state having to take on the burden of paying future cleanup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's something they say must not be allowed to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the huge number of wells at stake, the Newsom administration has to intervene quickly to protect the public and our environment,\" said Kassie Siegel, an attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity, in a statement Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As other companies flirt with insolvency, the governor should accelerate well remediation by solvent operators, increase bonding levels on existing wells, and stop digging the hole deeper by handing out new drilling permits. Forcing companies to clean up their wells would create jobs, keep the public safe from these unattended wells and make sure polluters are the ones paying for cleanup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A November 2018 report produced for the California Council on Science and Technology estimated the cost of properly abandoning all existing active and idle wells in the state at $9.1 billion. The state's available resources for well cleanup — bonds paid by well owners as a condition of operating in the state — totaled about $110 million, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State oil and gas regulators say they're tackling the problem through a variety of programs, including rules requiring oil operators to plug part of their idle well inventory each year, pay idle well fees the state can hold in reserve for future clean ups and requiring well owners to file detailed plans for managing idle wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California Resources Corp., based in Los Angeles County, files for bankruptcy protection after plummeting oil prices devastated its balance sheet. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Facing a mountain of debt amid a historic coronavirus-driven crisis in the petroleum industry, one of California's biggest oil producers has filed for bankruptcy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industry analysts say the filing late Wednesday by Los Angeles County-based California Resources Corp. is a dramatic illustration of the challenges facing oil producers as pandemic-fighting measures across the globe have drastically reduced demand for petroleum products and contributed to a crash in crude prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental activists say the crisis in the industry increases the risk that troubled oil-field operators will fail to meet their legal responsibility to safely shut down California's tens of thousands of idle wells. They're calling on Gov. Gavin Newsom's administration to intensify efforts to make sure that such wells — which can pose significant problems with water quality, air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions and are expensive to properly decommission — are not simply deserted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'Given the huge number of (oil) wells at stake, the Newsom administration has to intervene quickly to protect the public and our environment.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials with the California Geologic Energy Management Division, or CalGEM, say they were prepared for CRC's filing, which had been telegraphed in a series of dire statements in recent Securities and Exchange Commission filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"CalGEM has taken steps to prepare for developments like this and will continue its oversight of CRC’s facilities and operations to ensure ongoing protection of public health, safety and the environment,” Uduak-Joe Ntuk, the state's oil and gas regulator, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company, whose oil-field operations are centered in Kern County's Elk Hills oil field, sought federal bankruptcy protection after cash flow problems made it impossible to continue payments on about $5 billion in debt the company assumed when it was spun off from Occidental Petroleum in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CRC, which filed its Chapter 11 petition in federal Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of Texas, said it has lined up $1 billion in \"debtor in possession\" financing to allow it to continue operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Severin Borenstein, a professor and energy researcher at UC Berkeley's Haas School of Business, said CRC's filing was a direct result of the collapse in oil prices due to the pandemic and a global oil price war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The entire industry is going through a major financial crunch,\" Borenstein said. \"The drop in oil prices starting in March really took them by surprise and they have been losing money — drastically — ever since.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borenstein said that with petroleum demand bouncing back and crude oil prices rebounding to the $40 per barrel range, the financial pressure on the industry as a whole has eased somewhat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"But for companies that were already not in great long-term shape, which includes California Resources, that means there's serious problems continuing operations in all of the areas they are,\" Borenstein said. He added that oil producers in the state face challenges beyond the oil price collapse and the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Production has been declining for years, and the demand and the need for California oil has been declining,\" Borenstein said. \"That's because California has been getting more and more of its oil from other places, through the ports, and less and less demand for Central California oil.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CalGEM records show that CRC's portfolio includes about 6,500 active and 5,000 idled oil wells in Kern County alone. Environmental activists say the sheer size of that portfolio — just a fraction of the roughly 106,000 active and idle wells in the state — raises the specter of the state having to take on the burden of paying future cleanup costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That's something they say must not be allowed to happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Given the huge number of wells at stake, the Newsom administration has to intervene quickly to protect the public and our environment,\" said Kassie Siegel, an attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity, in a statement Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As other companies flirt with insolvency, the governor should accelerate well remediation by solvent operators, increase bonding levels on existing wells, and stop digging the hole deeper by handing out new drilling permits. Forcing companies to clean up their wells would create jobs, keep the public safe from these unattended wells and make sure polluters are the ones paying for cleanup.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A November 2018 report produced for the California Council on Science and Technology estimated the cost of properly abandoning all existing active and idle wells in the state at $9.1 billion. The state's available resources for well cleanup — bonds paid by well owners as a condition of operating in the state — totaled about $110 million, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State oil and gas regulators say they're tackling the problem through a variety of programs, including rules requiring oil operators to plug part of their idle well inventory each year, pay idle well fees the state can hold in reserve for future clean ups and requiring well owners to file detailed plans for managing idle wells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6988869-Proposition-15-Analysis-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> from supporters of a November ballot measure aimed at increasing property taxes on commercial and industrial property in California finds that more than 90% of the additional property tax revenue \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/19-0008%20%28The%20California%20Schools%20and%20Local%20Communities%20Funding%20Act%20of%202020%29_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 15\u003c/a> would generate will come from just 10% of the highest value properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure would amend the California Constitution to create a so-called “split roll” by reforming the 1978 measure Proposition 13, which slashed property taxes across the state and placed a limit on annual tax increases for both residential and commercial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. 13 was sold as a way to create stable and predictable property tax bills, especially for seniors on fixed incomes. But critics have long complained that large corporations have unfairly benefitted from those protections, allowing them to keep assessed property values at well below market rates, resulting in a loss of revenue to schools and local government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. 15, which is financed primarily by the California Teachers Association and other unions, could generate a net increase in revenue between $6.5 and $11.5 billion dollars a year, with 40% of that going to K-12 schools and community colleges, and 60% going to local governments. The range of revenue estimates relates to growth in the real estate market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Schools and Communities First campaign, which collected signatures to put Prop. 15 before voters, exempted properties valued at $3 million or less, a change from an earlier version that was intended to allay fears of small businesses that they would be walloped by unaffordable property tax increases. Those properties will not be reassessed unless they belong to a landowner whose combined properties add up to more than $3 million in value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nearly 50% of the revenue raised by the measure will come from properties that have not been reassessed since before 2000,” said Tim Gage, a former director for the California Department of Finance whose Blue Sky Consulting Group conducted the study for the Yes on 15 campaign using assessor’s property tax data provided by the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found that after accounting for exempted properties valued at under $3 million, properties valued at $5 million and more would generate more than 84% of the new revenue. Those properties are highly concentrated in places like San Francisco and Silicon Valley with \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">high value commercial and industrial property that hasn’t changed hands or been reassessed in many years, Gage said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics, including John Kabateck, California director of National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB), which advocates on behalf of small businesses, called the report a “veiled attempt to pull the wool over taxpayers and voters eyes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kabateck, and opponents of Prop. 15, said the final version of the measure would still end up harming many small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They talk a lot about the exemption and the small businesses aren’t hurt and that they’re really just attacking the big guys, the big corporations,” Kabateck said. “What they fail to mention is that the majority of small business owners, upwards of 80%, rent their property. That cost is passed on directly from property owners.”[aside tag=\"politics\" label=\"More Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yes on 15 campaign responds that if a majority of the property is occupied by small businesses, the reassessment would be deferred until 2025-26. Gage also noted that landlords who have benefitted from artificially low property taxes have likely not passed those savings along to their tenants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. 15 would leave property tax increases for homeowners untouched, and it generally exempts agriculture land from being reassessed. However the California Farm Bureau is opposing Prop. 15, saying protections for growers aren’t ironclad and could end up raising their property taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conceived well before the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting recession, it’s unclear how Prop. 15 along with high unemployment will affect voters’ appetite for higher taxes on businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to unions, a wide array of Democrats are supporting Prop. 15, including former Vice President Joe Biden, Sen. Kamala Harris and several other former presidential candidates and members of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents include the California Business Roundtable, the Chamber of Commerce and the California Taxpayers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure will appear on the November 3 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6988869-Proposition-15-Analysis-1.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">report\u003c/a> from supporters of a November ballot measure aimed at increasing property taxes on commercial and industrial property in California finds that more than 90% of the additional property tax revenue \u003ca href=\"https://www.oag.ca.gov/system/files/initiatives/pdfs/19-0008%20%28The%20California%20Schools%20and%20Local%20Communities%20Funding%20Act%20of%202020%29_1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 15\u003c/a> would generate will come from just 10% of the highest value properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure would amend the California Constitution to create a so-called “split roll” by reforming the 1978 measure Proposition 13, which slashed property taxes across the state and placed a limit on annual tax increases for both residential and commercial property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. 13 was sold as a way to create stable and predictable property tax bills, especially for seniors on fixed incomes. But critics have long complained that large corporations have unfairly benefitted from those protections, allowing them to keep assessed property values at well below market rates, resulting in a loss of revenue to schools and local government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. 15, which is financed primarily by the California Teachers Association and other unions, could generate a net increase in revenue between $6.5 and $11.5 billion dollars a year, with 40% of that going to K-12 schools and community colleges, and 60% going to local governments. The range of revenue estimates relates to growth in the real estate market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Schools and Communities First campaign, which collected signatures to put Prop. 15 before voters, exempted properties valued at $3 million or less, a change from an earlier version that was intended to allay fears of small businesses that they would be walloped by unaffordable property tax increases. Those properties will not be reassessed unless they belong to a landowner whose combined properties add up to more than $3 million in value.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nearly 50% of the revenue raised by the measure will come from properties that have not been reassessed since before 2000,” said Tim Gage, a former director for the California Department of Finance whose Blue Sky Consulting Group conducted the study for the Yes on 15 campaign using assessor’s property tax data provided by the University of Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report found that after accounting for exempted properties valued at under $3 million, properties valued at $5 million and more would generate more than 84% of the new revenue. Those properties are highly concentrated in places like San Francisco and Silicon Valley with \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">high value commercial and industrial property that hasn’t changed hands or been reassessed in many years, Gage said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics, including John Kabateck, California director of National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB), which advocates on behalf of small businesses, called the report a “veiled attempt to pull the wool over taxpayers and voters eyes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kabateck, and opponents of Prop. 15, said the final version of the measure would still end up harming many small businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They talk a lot about the exemption and the small businesses aren’t hurt and that they’re really just attacking the big guys, the big corporations,” Kabateck said. “What they fail to mention is that the majority of small business owners, upwards of 80%, rent their property. That cost is passed on directly from property owners.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yes on 15 campaign responds that if a majority of the property is occupied by small businesses, the reassessment would be deferred until 2025-26. Gage also noted that landlords who have benefitted from artificially low property taxes have likely not passed those savings along to their tenants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prop. 15 would leave property tax increases for homeowners untouched, and it generally exempts agriculture land from being reassessed. However the California Farm Bureau is opposing Prop. 15, saying protections for growers aren’t ironclad and could end up raising their property taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Conceived well before the COVID-19 pandemic and resulting recession, it’s unclear how Prop. 15 along with high unemployment will affect voters’ appetite for higher taxes on businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to unions, a wide array of Democrats are supporting Prop. 15, including former Vice President Joe Biden, Sen. Kamala Harris and several other former presidential candidates and members of Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Opponents include the California Business Roundtable, the Chamber of Commerce and the California Taxpayers Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure will appear on the November 3 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'An Epithet and a Slur': Momentum Grows to Rename Tahoe Ski Resort",
"title": "'An Epithet and a Slur': Momentum Grows to Rename Tahoe Ski Resort",
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"content": "\u003cp>Lake Tahoe's Squaw Valley Ski Resort is considering changing its name to remove the word \"squaw\" — a derogatory term for Native American women — amid a national reckoning over racial injustice and inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The word \"squaw,\" derived from the Algonquin language, may have once simply meant \"woman.\" But over generations, the word morphed into a misogynist and racist term to disparage Indigenous women, said Vanessa Esquivido, a professor of American Indian Studies at California State University, Chico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That word is an epithet and a slur. It's been a slur for a very long time,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When settlers arrived in the 1850s in the area of the Sierra Nevada where the resort is now located, they first saw only Native American women working in a meadow. The land was believed to have been given the name Squaw Valley by those early, predominantly white settlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now the term is considered derogatory and even the Merriam-Webster dictionary defines the word as an offensive term for a Native American woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley Ski Resort — technically \u003ca href=\"https://squawalpine.com/\">Squaw Valley Alpine Meadows\u003c/a> since a merger in 2011 — received international name recognition when it hosted the 1960 Winter Olympics. The geographic name of the valley itself was changed from Squaw Valley to Olympic Valley in the run-up to the '60 winter games not out of respect for Indigenous peoples, but in anticipation of the games. The 'Squaw' name is now only attached to the resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828954\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony.jpg\" alt=\"The Olympic flame is lit during the opening ceremony of the 1960 Winter Olympic Games in Squaw Valley.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1454\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-800x606.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-1020x772.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-1536x1163.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Olympic flame is lit during the opening ceremony of the 1960 Winter Olympic Games. \u003ccite>(STAFF/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Regional California tribes have asked for the name change numerous times over the years, with little success. But the idea is gaining momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley President and Chief Operating Officer Ron Cohen said the resort is currently taking inventory of all the places where the name appears on and off the property, how much it would cost to change and what to prioritize if the change moves ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing \"squaw\" from the resort name would be a lengthy and expensive process, Cohen said, as the name appears on hundreds of signs and is imprinted on everything from uniforms to vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11826151 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/serra-ventura-1038x576.jpg']Cohen, who took over as head of the resort two years ago, said the operators are also meeting with shareholders, including business and homeowners within the resort, as well as the local Washoe tribal leadership to get their input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said he could not give a timeline on when a decision could be made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washoe Tribe Chairman Serrell Smokey said the name Squaw Valley is a constant reminder of efforts to disparage native people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's in favor of the name change and suggested \"Olympic Valley\" as a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possible renaming is one of many efforts across California and the nation to address colonialism and indigenous oppression, including the removal of statues of Junípero Serra and Christopher Columbus, symbols to many of European colonization and the destruction of native peoples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the National Football League's Washington Redskins \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/07/13/890359987/after-mounting-pressure-washingtons-nfl-franchise-drops-its-team-name\">announced\u003c/a> the team is dropping the \"Redskins\" name and Indian head logo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley Alpine Meadows is owned and operated by the Denver, Colorado-based Alterra Mountain Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from The Associated Press and KQED's David Marks.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Lake Tahoe's Squaw Valley Ski Resort is considering changing its name to remove the word \"squaw\" — a derogatory term for Native American women — amid a national reckoning over racial injustice and inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The word \"squaw,\" derived from the Algonquin language, may have once simply meant \"woman.\" But over generations, the word morphed into a misogynist and racist term to disparage Indigenous women, said Vanessa Esquivido, a professor of American Indian Studies at California State University, Chico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That word is an epithet and a slur. It's been a slur for a very long time,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When settlers arrived in the 1850s in the area of the Sierra Nevada where the resort is now located, they first saw only Native American women working in a meadow. The land was believed to have been given the name Squaw Valley by those early, predominantly white settlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now the term is considered derogatory and even the Merriam-Webster dictionary defines the word as an offensive term for a Native American woman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley Ski Resort — technically \u003ca href=\"https://squawalpine.com/\">Squaw Valley Alpine Meadows\u003c/a> since a merger in 2011 — received international name recognition when it hosted the 1960 Winter Olympics. The geographic name of the valley itself was changed from Squaw Valley to Olympic Valley in the run-up to the '60 winter games not out of respect for Indigenous peoples, but in anticipation of the games. The 'Squaw' name is now only attached to the resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828954\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11828954\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony.jpg\" alt=\"The Olympic flame is lit during the opening ceremony of the 1960 Winter Olympic Games in Squaw Valley.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1454\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-800x606.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-1020x772.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-160x121.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/1960-opening-ceremony-1536x1163.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Olympic flame is lit during the opening ceremony of the 1960 Winter Olympic Games. \u003ccite>(STAFF/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Regional California tribes have asked for the name change numerous times over the years, with little success. But the idea is gaining momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley President and Chief Operating Officer Ron Cohen said the resort is currently taking inventory of all the places where the name appears on and off the property, how much it would cost to change and what to prioritize if the change moves ahead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Removing \"squaw\" from the resort name would be a lengthy and expensive process, Cohen said, as the name appears on hundreds of signs and is imprinted on everything from uniforms to vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Cohen, who took over as head of the resort two years ago, said the operators are also meeting with shareholders, including business and homeowners within the resort, as well as the local Washoe tribal leadership to get their input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said he could not give a timeline on when a decision could be made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Washoe Tribe Chairman Serrell Smokey said the name Squaw Valley is a constant reminder of efforts to disparage native people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He's in favor of the name change and suggested \"Olympic Valley\" as a replacement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The possible renaming is one of many efforts across California and the nation to address colonialism and indigenous oppression, including the removal of statues of Junípero Serra and Christopher Columbus, symbols to many of European colonization and the destruction of native peoples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, the National Football League's Washington Redskins \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/live-updates-protests-for-racial-justice/2020/07/13/890359987/after-mounting-pressure-washingtons-nfl-franchise-drops-its-team-name\">announced\u003c/a> the team is dropping the \"Redskins\" name and Indian head logo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Squaw Valley Alpine Meadows is owned and operated by the Denver, Colorado-based Alterra Mountain Company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from The Associated Press and KQED's David Marks.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>After a couple of weeks to chew on San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo’s nine-point \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/Home/Components/News/News/1480/4959\">proposal\u003c/a> to reform the city’s police department, the verdict from many community activists is… \u003cem>meh\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the Rev. Jethroe Moore II, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjosenaacp.org/\">San Jose/Silicon Valley NAACP\u003c/a>, who described the plan as, “inadequate at best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It falls short of the expectations and the desire of many, I would say, most of the community members,” he added. “We want change. We want substantial change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo’s proposal, which he released in late June amid ongoing protests against police brutality, included the following measures:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Expand public transparency for arbitration over termination and disciplinary decisions\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Conduct Independent investigation of police misconduct\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Expand authority of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/your-government/appointees/independent-police-auditor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">independent police auditor\u003c/a> over “use of force” allegations\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Grant college scholarships to local youth who agree to join the San Jose Police Department following graduation\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Direct $100,000 for a community engagement process to reimagine how the city might rely more on civilian responses for a variety of non-criminal calls for service\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ban the use of rubber bullets ban and conduct a full review of SJPD’s use-of-force policy\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Make police subject to direction of elected leadership\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Leverage data to improve recruiting, training and early intervention\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Audit police expenditures\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s office said some proposals will take years to properly formulate, even as the City Council begins addressing some items, such as an expansive rubber bullet ban, which it’ll consider in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Raj Jayadev, Silicon Valley De-Bug\"]‘What the people in San Jose have been saying is that this isn’t an issue of just a few rogue actors. This is a system issue’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are several very substantive changes which are proposed for how we will ensure that San Jose continues to be at the forefront of police accountability,” Liccardo said in a press conference unveiling the plan. In an interview with KQED, he noted that he had consulted with faith leaders and members of civil rights organizations in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore was on that list, but said his organization wasn’t very involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a group of community meetings that were held and I think a member from my organization attended,” Moore said. “But we did not give a thumbs up to any policies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore’s organization wants the SJPD to stop using carotid chokeholds and no longer apply for federally provided military equipment, among other reforms. But he isn’t waiting on these changes to come from the local level, he said, because some may soon be addressed in state or \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/01/us/politics/police-military-gear.html\">national legislation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we get it passed statewide, they’ll have to fall in,” Moore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1196\">AB 1196\u003c/a>, for example, would ban police from using chokeholds. Another, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB66\">AB 66\u003c/a>, would ban police from not only firing rubber bullets into a crowd, but also using tear gas and pepper spray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oftentimes local governments can be more nimble,” said state Assemblyman Ash Kalra, D-San Jose, who introduced AB 66. “But I would say that on an issue of this nature, it makes sense to have a statewide standard so you don’t have one police department or one city responding in one manner and then you go a few miles over to another city and they’re handling protests in a different nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jack Glaser, a UC Berkeley criminal justice professor, disagrees. “Policing is largely regulated at the local level anyway,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glaser is most excited about Liccardo’s plan to expand the Police Department’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjpd.org/bfo/community/cso/\">Community Service Officer\u003c/a> program, he said. The program now consists of 62 unarmed officers who respond to low-level crimes like burglary, vandalism and road hazards. Under the mayor’s proposal, mental and behavioral health care workers would also begin responding to most mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal sets aside $100,000 to set up conversations with the public on what the new program would look like. But Glaser says he wants to see a much bigger budget bolster the promise of the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that you can just shift resources over from a police department and there would be this one-to-one substitution is probably naive,” he said. “There should be an expectation of at least initial investment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glaser said he expects opposition from police unions on every proposal in the nine-point plan. “Police unions have a lot of influence over how these structures get put into place and what they look like,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Jose Police Officers Association, the union representing SJPD officers, said it’s \u003ca href=\"https://mcusercontent.com/6a0707887484bfcead01dcf9d/files/2d22b0f5-f07e-4f24-b2e3-340157b97944/BAN0006491356_01_hr_1_.pdf\">on board\u003c/a> with these reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are also interested in how we can improve police-community outcomes,” said Tom Saggau, a spokesman for the union. “If that’s the goal, the POA is going to be in lockstep with people who have reasonable proposals, ideas and suggestions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"police-reform\"]Saggau emphasized, however, that the POA does not support calls to “defund the SJPD”, like those coming from Silicon Valley De-Bug, a civil rights organization based out of San Jose that recently circulated a \u003ca href=\"https://www.siliconvalleydebug.org/stories/to-the-city-of-san-jose-divest-from-police-and-invest-in-community\">petition\u003c/a> signed by 2,600 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What the people in San Jose have been saying is that this isn’t an issue of just a few rogue actors. This is a system issue,” said Raj Jayadev, the group’s cofounder. “This is about systemic racism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosie Chavez also helped craft the petition, which called to dismantle policing units such as the Mayor’s Gang Prevention Task Force and the Covert Response and Street Crimes Units that she believes target young Black and brown men. Her nephew, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/09/18/san-jose-police-deadly-shooting-of-unarmed-robbery-drive-by-suspect-capped-lengthy-cat-and-mouse-pursuit/\">Jacob Dominguez,\u003c/a> was killed by San Jose police in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel like (Liccardo) didn’t listen or even read what we were asking of him divesting (from the SJPD) and investing in the community,” Chavez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge LaDoris Cordell, a former SJPD watchdog, is also skeptical of these proposals. “I have no quarrel with the proposed reforms,” she said. “They just don’t go far enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cordell pointed to Liccardo’s proposal to expand the role of the city’s independent police auditor, which the city of San Jose will vote on in November. Before then, the City Council is holding a special meeting on July 28 to vote on the language that will appear on the ballot. Even still, that position merely reviews the department’s internal investigations and lacks any real enforcement power, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The IPA has no authority to make findings that are binding on the department,” Cordell said, adding that amending the city’s charter would be the only way to effectively change the position. “While reforms of the SJPD will help keep the public safe from the police use of excessive force, the culture of the department is so infected with systemic racism that reforms are inefficient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>CORRECTIONS\u003c/strong>: The original version of this story misstated the following details: \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>There are 62 community service officers on the SJPD, not 72. Ten more will soon be added to the department through a reallocation of $1.4 million from the police overtime budget.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>One of the policing units that activists want to dismantle is the Mayor’s Gang Prevention Task Force, not the Mayor’s Youth Gang Task Force, as previously stated.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>The City Council will vote on the language for the independent police auditor ballot measure in late July, not November. The public will vote on the measure in November.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After a couple of weeks to chew on San Jose Mayor Sam Liccardo’s nine-point \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/Home/Components/News/News/1480/4959\">proposal\u003c/a> to reform the city’s police department, the verdict from many community activists is… \u003cem>meh\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take the Rev. Jethroe Moore II, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.sanjosenaacp.org/\">San Jose/Silicon Valley NAACP\u003c/a>, who described the plan as, “inadequate at best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It falls short of the expectations and the desire of many, I would say, most of the community members,” he added. “We want change. We want substantial change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liccardo’s proposal, which he released in late June amid ongoing protests against police brutality, included the following measures:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Expand public transparency for arbitration over termination and disciplinary decisions\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Conduct Independent investigation of police misconduct\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Expand authority of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sanjoseca.gov/your-government/appointees/independent-police-auditor\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">independent police auditor\u003c/a> over “use of force” allegations\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Grant college scholarships to local youth who agree to join the San Jose Police Department following graduation\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Direct $100,000 for a community engagement process to reimagine how the city might rely more on civilian responses for a variety of non-criminal calls for service\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Ban the use of rubber bullets ban and conduct a full review of SJPD’s use-of-force policy\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Make police subject to direction of elected leadership\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Leverage data to improve recruiting, training and early intervention\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Audit police expenditures\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003cp>The mayor’s office said some proposals will take years to properly formulate, even as the City Council begins addressing some items, such as an expansive rubber bullet ban, which it’ll consider in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘What the people in San Jose have been saying is that this isn’t an issue of just a few rogue actors. This is a system issue’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are several very substantive changes which are proposed for how we will ensure that San Jose continues to be at the forefront of police accountability,” Liccardo said in a press conference unveiling the plan. In an interview with KQED, he noted that he had consulted with faith leaders and members of civil rights organizations in San Jose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore was on that list, but said his organization wasn’t very involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were a group of community meetings that were held and I think a member from my organization attended,” Moore said. “But we did not give a thumbs up to any policies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moore’s organization wants the SJPD to stop using carotid chokeholds and no longer apply for federally provided military equipment, among other reforms. But he isn’t waiting on these changes to come from the local level, he said, because some may soon be addressed in state or \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/01/us/politics/police-military-gear.html\">national legislation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we get it passed statewide, they’ll have to fall in,” Moore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB1196\">AB 1196\u003c/a>, for example, would ban police from using chokeholds. Another, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB66\">AB 66\u003c/a>, would ban police from not only firing rubber bullets into a crowd, but also using tear gas and pepper spray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oftentimes local governments can be more nimble,” said state Assemblyman Ash Kalra, D-San Jose, who introduced AB 66. “But I would say that on an issue of this nature, it makes sense to have a statewide standard so you don’t have one police department or one city responding in one manner and then you go a few miles over to another city and they’re handling protests in a different nature.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jack Glaser, a UC Berkeley criminal justice professor, disagrees. “Policing is largely regulated at the local level anyway,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glaser is most excited about Liccardo’s plan to expand the Police Department’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.sjpd.org/bfo/community/cso/\">Community Service Officer\u003c/a> program, he said. The program now consists of 62 unarmed officers who respond to low-level crimes like burglary, vandalism and road hazards. Under the mayor’s proposal, mental and behavioral health care workers would also begin responding to most mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal sets aside $100,000 to set up conversations with the public on what the new program would look like. But Glaser says he wants to see a much bigger budget bolster the promise of the proposal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The idea that you can just shift resources over from a police department and there would be this one-to-one substitution is probably naive,” he said. “There should be an expectation of at least initial investment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glaser said he expects opposition from police unions on every proposal in the nine-point plan. “Police unions have a lot of influence over how these structures get put into place and what they look like,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Jose Police Officers Association, the union representing SJPD officers, said it’s \u003ca href=\"https://mcusercontent.com/6a0707887484bfcead01dcf9d/files/2d22b0f5-f07e-4f24-b2e3-340157b97944/BAN0006491356_01_hr_1_.pdf\">on board\u003c/a> with these reforms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are also interested in how we can improve police-community outcomes,” said Tom Saggau, a spokesman for the union. “If that’s the goal, the POA is going to be in lockstep with people who have reasonable proposals, ideas and suggestions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Saggau emphasized, however, that the POA does not support calls to “defund the SJPD”, like those coming from Silicon Valley De-Bug, a civil rights organization based out of San Jose that recently circulated a \u003ca href=\"https://www.siliconvalleydebug.org/stories/to-the-city-of-san-jose-divest-from-police-and-invest-in-community\">petition\u003c/a> signed by 2,600 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What the people in San Jose have been saying is that this isn’t an issue of just a few rogue actors. This is a system issue,” said Raj Jayadev, the group’s cofounder. “This is about systemic racism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosie Chavez also helped craft the petition, which called to dismantle policing units such as the Mayor’s Gang Prevention Task Force and the Covert Response and Street Crimes Units that she believes target young Black and brown men. Her nephew, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2017/09/18/san-jose-police-deadly-shooting-of-unarmed-robbery-drive-by-suspect-capped-lengthy-cat-and-mouse-pursuit/\">Jacob Dominguez,\u003c/a> was killed by San Jose police in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just feel like (Liccardo) didn’t listen or even read what we were asking of him divesting (from the SJPD) and investing in the community,” Chavez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge LaDoris Cordell, a former SJPD watchdog, is also skeptical of these proposals. “I have no quarrel with the proposed reforms,” she said. “They just don’t go far enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cordell pointed to Liccardo’s proposal to expand the role of the city’s independent police auditor, which the city of San Jose will vote on in November. Before then, the City Council is holding a special meeting on July 28 to vote on the language that will appear on the ballot. Even still, that position merely reviews the department’s internal investigations and lacks any real enforcement power, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The IPA has no authority to make findings that are binding on the department,” Cordell said, adding that amending the city’s charter would be the only way to effectively change the position. “While reforms of the SJPD will help keep the public safe from the police use of excessive force, the culture of the department is so infected with systemic racism that reforms are inefficient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>CORRECTIONS\u003c/strong>: The original version of this story misstated the following details: \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>There are 62 community service officers on the SJPD, not 72. Ten more will soon be added to the department through a reallocation of $1.4 million from the police overtime budget.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>One of the policing units that activists want to dismantle is the Mayor’s Gang Prevention Task Force, not the Mayor’s Youth Gang Task Force, as previously stated.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cem>The City Council will vote on the language for the independent police auditor ballot measure in late July, not November. The public will vote on the measure in November.\u003c/em>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "sex-and-dating-during-coronavirus-from-masks-to-kissing-a-guide-to-your-risks",
"title": "Dating and Sex During Coronavirus: From Masks to Kissing, a Guide to Your Risks",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Skip to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#sex\">Sex and Physical Contact Risks\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#dating\">Dating During a Pandemic\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#alts\">Temporary Alternatives for Sex and Dating\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#cohabit\">Advice for Cohabiting Couples\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This guide to sex and dating includes some graphic language.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s get this straight: during the COVID-19 pandemic, there \u003cem>is\u003c/em> no “safe way” to have sex with someone you don’t live and quarantine with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But humans are humans, and we know some folks \u003cem>will\u003c/em> still make the choice to get physically intimate with other people, despite the presence of a highly contagious disease in our midst. So we \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11826381/sex-and-dating-in-the-covid-19-era-what-do-you-want-to-know\">asked for your anonymous questions\u003c/a>, and created this guide to sex and dating during the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because there’s no 100%-safe way to date or have sex outside your household right now, you’ll see the super-unsexy — yet \u003cem>super\u003c/em>-important — phrase “harm reduction strategies” throughout this guide. That’s because when it comes to engaging in social and physical intimacy, it’s all about weighing your risk factors, assessing them against the risk factors of the person (or people) you’d like to have sex with and doing everything you can to further \u003cem>reduce\u003c/em> the potential harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve consulted with these sex and health experts:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Stephanie Cohen\u003c/strong>, medical director of San Francisco City Clinic\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Nenna Joiner\u003c/strong>, owner of Oakland sex store Feelmore and former adult filmmaker\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Julia Feldman\u003c/strong>, Bay Area sex educator and consultant at Giving the Talk\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"sex\">\u003c/a>Sex, Physical Contact and COVID-19\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828124\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828124\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kissing represents a high transmission risk for COVID-19 right now. \u003ccite>(Victoria Borodinova/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>What bodily fluids can carry COVID-19?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So many aspects of the coronavirus remain mysterious to scientists, and that includes the full scope of COVID-19’s relationship with sex. But here’s what we do know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone has COVID-19, they can transmit the virus via particles in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Their saliva\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their mucus\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their breath\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus has also been found in the semen and feces of people with COVID-19. It \u003cem>hasn’t\u003c/em> been found in vaginal fluid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Can COVID-19 be spread through sex, whether vaginal or anal? The scientific community actually doesn’t know for sure yet. What we do know is that “sex is the definition of close contact,” as Stephanie Cohen puts it. So if you’re close enough to get physically intimate with someone with COVID-19, you’re \u003cem>definitely\u003c/em> close enough to have a high risk of being infected via those particles they’re exhaling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How dangerous is kissing?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Kissing someone outside of your household is one of \u003cem>the\u003c/em> most risky things you can do right now, Cohen says, because of how much exchange of saliva it involves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this reason, she says, kissing might actually present a \u003cem>higher\u003c/em> risk of transmission than vaginal or anal sex. And anything that increases your respiration and your respiratory rate “will likely result in the release of more respiratory droplets,” thus increasing the risk of transmission — think heavy breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Are certain \u003cem>types\u003c/em> of sex riskier?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Because the coronavirus has been found in feces — and because gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea can occur sometimes with COVID-19 infection — Cohen says there’s a likely chance that anal sex or oral-anal contact \u003cem>would\u003c/em> pose more of a transmission risk than other forms of sex such as penile-vaginal contact, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, medical professionals just don’t know for sure. COVID-19 transmission risk would also be impacted by a number of other factors, such as the degree of face-to-face contact and how infectious the person with COVID-19 is at the time of the sexual encounter. Right now, there just isn’t enough data to be definitive, Cohen says — so it’s all about assessing those various risk indicators we \u003cem>do\u003c/em> know about.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>If I \u003cem>do\u003c/em> have sex, what are some things I can do to reduce my risk of catching COVID-19?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you’re utterly determined to have sex outside of your household right now, these precautions represent harm reduction strategies:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Wearing a mask:\u003c/strong> Remember, a mask protects the other person in how it limits the spread of \u003cem>your\u003c/em> respiratory droplets. For masks to truly reduce the risks of either sexual partner getting COVID-19, both people would have to wear a mask: a mutual masking, if you will. “It might not be a strategy that works for everyone,” Cohen says, “but certainly I think it’s one that \u003cem>could\u003c/em> reduce risk.” Remember though: as Nenna Joiner reminds us, masks are like condoms in the sense that you “still need to know how to put [them] on \u003cem>correctly\u003c/em>.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Choosing positions that minimize face-to-face contact:\u003c/strong> Spooning sex, doggy-style, reverse-cowboy/cowgirl/cowperson — consider agreeing to stick to sexual arrangements that keep your faces far apart, and ideally with one person faced completely away from the other. (It’s a bit of a spontaneity-killer, yes, but it’s a good idea to agree to this one \u003cem>before\u003c/em> you start having sex, to avoid ‘the heat of the moment’ making the decisions for you.)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Remember cleanliness:\u003c/strong> “Washing up really well, both before and after sex” is another way sexual partners can potentially reduce their risk to each other, Cohen says. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If you don’t have soap and water on hand, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol and rub your hands together until they feel dry. \u003cem>Don’t\u003c/em> use sanitizer anywhere intimate — it will really irritate that delicate skin. If you have someone else’s bodily fluids on your body, be sure to wash them off thoroughly. You cannot “absorb” the coronavirus through your skin, but you might \u003cem>touch\u003c/em> your skin and then touch your face. If you’re using sex toys, wash those with soap and warm water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Using condoms and other barriers:\u003c/strong> Wearing a condom during sex will decrease your exposure to saliva or feces. For oral sex, using a condom or dental dam similarly provides a barrier. This is especially important for any anal contact.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Keep it quick:\u003c/strong> Minimizing the length of a sexual encounter is a harm reduction strategy in how it’s reducing the amount of time you’re potentially being exposed to the virus.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Consider things that \u003cem>don’t\u003c/em> exchange fluids:\u003c/strong> Mutual masturbation could be considered a harm reduction strategy, Cohen says. But don’t forget that if you’re simultaneously making out, “that could actually be \u003cem>higher\u003c/em> risk than a quick session of oral sex,” she says.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And remember: Don’t forget to practice the safe sex you usually would before the pandemic.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>With all this in mind, we’ll say it again: right now, during the COVID-19 pandemic, \u003cem>there is no way\u003c/em> of having sex with someone outside your household that carries zero risk of transmitting or obtaining the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone’s looking for a magic loophole,” acknowledges Julia Feldman, “and it doesn’t really exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here’s \u003cem>another\u003c/em> tricky thing. Even if you and your partner agree to abide by all of the above harm reduction strategies in the cold light of day, things can shift in the heat of the moment. Previously agreed-upon plans can fall apart when inhibitions are lowered and you’re turned on, especially if alcohol is involved — and in these circumstances “you’re less likely to use your prefrontal cortex to really analyze the risk involved in the situation,” Feldman stresses. “Especially if you haven’t had sex in a long time and you’re very excited to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you’re concerned that your safety boundaries might be in any way reduced or made negotiable during sex… back away, and prioritize your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828141\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828141\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There’s no way to have sex with someone outside your household that’s risk-free for COVID-19 right now. \u003ccite>(Nicholas Swatz/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>OK… I had sex anyway. How long should I wait to get a COVID-19 test?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you aren’t sure whether your sexual partner had COVID-19, the best time to get tested for the coronavirus would be between five and 14 days after the encounter, says Stephanie Cohen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the median average time from exposure to coronavirus symptom onset is five days — so testing any earlier than that might not yield an accurate result — but the incubation period (the amount of time you can be infected before showing symptoms) is \u003cem>up to\u003c/em> 14 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Is isolating for 14 days between sexual partners a good idea?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Here’s the idea: you have sex with someone, and then wait for 14 days to see if you develop symptoms of COVID-19. If you don’t, you’re good to move on to a new partner safe in the knowledge you don’t have the disease and aren’t passing it on — right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not quite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a good strategy; it’s a harm reduction strategy,” Cohen says, but “it’s not a zero-risk strategy.” That’s because of the large numbers of people who get COVID-19 but never show any symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about sex with more than one person?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Having multiple people that you have sex with is a definite risk factor for transmitting COVID-19. These kinds of overlapping sexual relationships with different people — going back and forth between people, basically — is called “concurrency” in the sexual health world, and it’s something experts say \u003cem>will\u003c/em> heighten your risk of spreading the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To minimize that concurrency,” Cohen says, “decrease the network size — which decreases the spread of coronavirus.” Basically, consider reducing the number of people you’re having sex with during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where does that leave you if you practice polyamory, which is all about having multiple sexual relationships?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nenna Joiner says that yes, some folks \u003cem>are\u003c/em> deciding to take a break from polyamorous intimacy during the pandemic owing to the heightened risks of having different partners right now. But other poly people are choosing to isolate together “as a poly family,” they say, and agreeing to only have sex “within that sphere of people.” Ultimately, it’s about finding the solution that works best for your health, and that of others.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about group sex?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If group sex (having sex with multiple people at the \u003cem>same\u003c/em> time) was your thing before the pandemic, Stephanie Cohen has a message for you: “The fewer people, the better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because with every additional person in a situation — social \u003cem>or\u003c/em> sexual — you’re adding a potential COVID-19 case, whether they know they have it or not. In a group sex situation, that person is then potentially transmitting the coronavirus to multiple people at one time — who could then go on to infect others, who then go on to… you get the picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you do continue to choose group sex, New York City’s public health department \u003ca href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/imm/covid-sex-guidance.pdf\">advises you\u003c/a> to “Go with a consistent sex partner” in such a situation, and “pick larger, more open, and well-ventilated spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about sex workers? How can they make it work right now?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Is there a way to safely engage in sex work in the midst of a pandemic?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s “a profession that certainly carries risk,” Cohen stresses, due to the amount of close physical contact involved. In addition to the other strategies discussed here, some additional harm reduction strategies sex workers might consider are to limit the number of clients they see during the pandemic, to opt for a smaller circle of regular clients and “more spacing out in-between partners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"dating\">\u003c/a>Dating During the Pandemic\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825760\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1078\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x-800x449.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x-1020x573.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As shelter-in-place order ease, Bay Area residents will have to negotiate new boundaries around who they hang out with, and how. \u003ccite>(Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Who is ‘safe’ to date right now?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>As if finding a match with someone you’re emotional and physically compatible with in all the \u003cem>expected\u003c/em> ways wasn’t fraught enough — you now have the coronavirus risk compatibility to consider, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is, Feldman admits, “a really unfortunate layer to add to dating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get ready for some frank communication with partners, both current \u003cem>and\u003c/em> potential ones, about your circumstances and behaviors around contact with other people. How many people are they seeing, socially or sexually? How does their daily life look in terms of interactions with other people? Are they an essential worker? If so, what kind of traffic does their place of work experience?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nutshell, this is not the time for mystery — and in many ways, you’ll have to be your own contact tracer, says Nenna Joiner.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How much do I need to talk about COVID-19 with potential partners?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Open, honest communication about your health has never been more crucial than right now. And, as Julia Feldman notes, if you’re getting sexually intimate with somebody, you \u003cem>should\u003c/em> already be talking to that person about your health and sexual health status. COVID-19 is now another communicable disease for you and your sexual partner(s) to be discussing, without holding anything back. (Remember though: somebody can have the coronavirus and have zero symptoms. Just because somebody thinks they don’t have COVID-19 doesn’t mean they are \u003cem>definitely\u003c/em> COVID-19-free.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting these conversations can feel tricky, especially with someone you barely know, so Feldman advises you initiate the conversation by leading with your \u003cem>own\u003c/em> experience — a time you were concerned you might have been at risk for contracting COVID-19, perhaps, or a recent decision to seek out a test for the disease. Leading with your own vulnerability, she says, can really open up a conversation without putting your prospective partner on the spot. You don’t want them to feel grilled, or accused. “That definitely doesn’t set the mood, and it doesn’t build trust,” Feldman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, at the end of the day, people are trying to figure out how to get all of their needs met as safely as possible,” reminds Feldman. “That’s a lot to navigate! This is brand new stuff. We are going to be messy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In being thoughtful though, don’t forget to acknowledge your own boundaries — and forget about anyone who \u003cem>doesn’t\u003c/em> respect them, especially during a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being an advocate for your own safety — and working to limit community transmission of the coronavirus — means not letting any potential partners pressure you into meeting up in person, or engaging in any sexual contact you don’t want to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Julia Feldman, sex educator\"]‘Ultimately, at the end of the day, people are trying to figure out how to get all of their needs met as safely as possible. That’s a lot to navigate!’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>I live with other people. What do \u003cem>they\u003c/em> need to know about my dating and sex life?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you’re sharing your living situation with roommates or family, sorry: your business is now \u003cem>their\u003c/em> business, especially if their own health places them in a vulnerable category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means you should be as transparent as possible with the people you live with about your relationship(s), and the types of activities and the type of risks that you’re involved in, Feldman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first step in navigating this should be talking with the person you’re dating or having sex with, to establish \u003cem>their\u003c/em> level of risk. You need to work out the potential COVID-19 risk their behavior and circumstances pose not just to you, but therefore to the people you cohabit with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You should be prepared to discuss how you propose to minimize your roommates’ risk, whether that’s avoiding shared spaces in your home, relentless sanitizing of your living environment — or whether your cohabitees are prepared to \u003cem>not\u003c/em> do this and accept the heightened risk, and the potential consequences of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Basically, get used to communicating because “you need to have some very frank conversations about how you’re going to try to keep everyone safe, and prioritize \u003cem>everyone’s\u003c/em> health and well-being,” Feldman says. It’s \u003cem>that\u003c/em> big a deal that ultimately, Cohen says, your roommates or family “should have veto power in terms of you engaging in risky behavior and bringing it back to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"alts\">\u003c/a>Temporary Alternatives for Sex and Dating\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828122\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1-800x477.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1-160x95.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nenna Joiner at Feelmore Adult Gallery in Oakland, which they founded in 2011. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Is ‘distanced sex’ a thing?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Totally, says Joiner: social distancing and forgoing physical touch does \u003cem>not\u003c/em> have to be a barrier to sexual intimacy. Sex toys which use Bluetooth connectivity can be used or worn by one partner and activated remotely by their partner from six feet or more away, without any physical contact. If you want to increase that distance, Joiner says you could use these kinds of toys in conjunction with phone sex, or voyeurism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might sound impersonal, but Joiner says distanced products actually require just as much effort and communication, if not more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to turn on a person to make them feel confident and comfortable and warm like you’re there,” they say. (Joiner’s pro tip: If you’re purchasing this kind of remote toy for the first time, try it out solo first to really get to grips with it — and minimize any awkwardness when you come to use it with your partner.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>I know I am ‘my own safest partner.’ How can I make the most of that?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Nenna Joiner reminds that some people might actually welcome the break from active dating that COVID-19 enforces. Some people with anxiety can often find the machinery of dating — conversation, sex with someone new — stressful and anxiety-provoking. If that’s you, Joiner says to take advantage of this “buffer,” to get some respite. They also want to remind you that not everyone in the world is into self-pleasure — and if that’s you, that’s \u003cem>totally\u003c/em> fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If limiting your physical intimacy with others is something you’re committed to, you may be considering acquiring sex toys to concentrate on your personal pleasure instead. Joiner says many sex shops, including their own, offer online chat services, where you can consult with an expert about exactly what you’re looking for. Joiner says some of Feelmore’s live chats can get “crazy,” so don’t worry about being frank with the professionals. Online deliveries or courier services are also available in many stores, to enable you to maintain social distancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joiner’s entry-level advice with your purchases: “Stay on the lower end (on price), figure your body out for yourself and \u003cem>then\u003c/em> progress from there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about taking everything online?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you decide to take your sex life fully online to eliminate any close contact or in-person elements, New York City’s public health experts advise that if you normally meet your sexual partners online (or make a living on the internet), “video dates, sexting, subscription-based fan platforms, sexy ‘Zoom parties’ or chat rooms may be options for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you choose this option, don’t forget to keep your environments clean in a way you would if someone else \u003cem>was\u003c/em> present, and disinfect any keyboards and touch screens you’re using that you share with other other people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, don’t let the possibilities of the internet (and let’s face it, lockdown-induced frustrations) override your normal judgment around your online privacy and personal safety. Especially when it comes to sending nudes or other intimate material to someone you don’t know and trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How can I ‘have’ intimacy if it’s not safe to touch someone right now?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Don’t be deterred or dismayed by how new all this feels either, Joiner says. The pandemic means many of us have had to learn new ways of living in general, and these adaptations to our sexual lives are in many ways “an opportunity to create a new life sexually for ourselves as well,” they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joiner believes that this might even be a spur to \u003cem>regain\u003c/em> intimacy for many people, because of the extra imagination and effort required. It’s a chance, they say, to make sure that you’re really focusing on your own emotional needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia Feldman advises that this is also a potential moment to redefine what intimacy means for \u003cem>you\u003c/em>, beyond mere physical touch: “We can’t say that intimacy is dead!” she says. “It just has to function slightly differently.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"cohabit\">\u003c/a>Advice for Cohabiting Couples\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11826424\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11826424\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cohabitating during a pandemic can present a whole new set of issues to tackle around sex. \u003ccite>(Retha Ferguson/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>I \u003cem>live\u003c/em> with my partner but we’re not having much sex. Help!\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s not just single folks who aren’t \u003cem>necessarily\u003c/em> having the quantity or quality of physical contact they’d prefer during quarantine. For a couple who lives together, even a previously harmonious relationship can be severely tested by 24/7 cohabitation during COVID-19 — and result in a drop in intimacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all about switching up your timing to reinvigorate a dynamic, Joiner says. They recommend taking separate breaks outside of your shared accommodation — like a solo lunch break at the park — but also occasionally meeting up in a fresh setting that’s not where you live together. Joiner recommends trying a joint picnic, or a driving date — shared experiences that “will actually lead you to have to know \u003cem>why\u003c/em> you’re in a relationship with your partner, and then to lead towards more intimacy, which leads to more sex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget the power of dressing up slightly too, Joiner says, who warns against “the rut of seeing each other in certain clothes” (e.g. your work-from-home sweats.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even making a little effort for regular activities can go a long way, they say. “Like my partner: Yesterday we went to church online, and she puts on a dress. I’m like, ‘shit!'”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>My live-in partner is really bad at social distancing, and I’m worried to kiss or have sex with them. What can I do?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you’re covering your face in public and maintaining social distance, but your partner doesn’t, they’re not only heightening their own risk of contracting COVID-19 but bringing their risk home to you. How can you have that conversation in a way that makes change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sense, this conversation is an extension of the dialogues you and your partner have already (hopefully!) had about trust and fidelity of all kinds within your relationship, and the things that matter to you, whether that’s strict monogamy or communication around other partnerships you may have. Agreeing to even be \u003cem>in\u003c/em> a relationship is about declaring an intent to care for that other person’s wellbeing and safety in certain regards, and any breach of that — like bringing home a risk of COVID-19 without discussion — represents a decision to disregard that agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you’re in this situation, try explicitly framing this with your partner as a fidelity issue, Feldman recommends: “We made a commitment to protect each other through the good and bad, and right now this is pretty bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She advises aiming to come to a reaffirmed agreement with your partner about “what level of risk you’re both willing to take on, and to really sign onto that.” Then, if there’s still a breach, you really need to talk about respect within your relationship, and whether you’re both really committed to each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When opening up these dialogues with your partner, Feldman also advises emphasizing that these are not “normal times,” and \u003cem>this is not forever\u003c/em>. These restrictions and limitations for which you’re advocating on the grounds of your shared health — and the trust in your relationship — are temporary. “You’re not saying your husband can never, for example, go play poker with the guys ever again, or whatever it is that he wants to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you still have questions about safe(r) sex and dating during the COVID-19 pandemic, submit them anonymously here — we may update this guide.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfORlnLyeRwi5X3h-SJ8SwhVxUbu0-wfpkL0sGfMxWFLl2gvw/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Skip to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#sex\">Sex and Physical Contact Risks\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#dating\">Dating During a Pandemic\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#alts\">Temporary Alternatives for Sex and Dating\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#cohabit\">Advice for Cohabiting Couples\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Note: This guide to sex and dating includes some graphic language.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Let’s get this straight: during the COVID-19 pandemic, there \u003cem>is\u003c/em> no “safe way” to have sex with someone you don’t live and quarantine with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But humans are humans, and we know some folks \u003cem>will\u003c/em> still make the choice to get physically intimate with other people, despite the presence of a highly contagious disease in our midst. So we \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11826381/sex-and-dating-in-the-covid-19-era-what-do-you-want-to-know\">asked for your anonymous questions\u003c/a>, and created this guide to sex and dating during the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because there’s no 100%-safe way to date or have sex outside your household right now, you’ll see the super-unsexy — yet \u003cem>super\u003c/em>-important — phrase “harm reduction strategies” throughout this guide. That’s because when it comes to engaging in social and physical intimacy, it’s all about weighing your risk factors, assessing them against the risk factors of the person (or people) you’d like to have sex with and doing everything you can to further \u003cem>reduce\u003c/em> the potential harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ve consulted with these sex and health experts:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Stephanie Cohen\u003c/strong>, medical director of San Francisco City Clinic\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Nenna Joiner\u003c/strong>, owner of Oakland sex store Feelmore and former adult filmmaker\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Julia Feldman\u003c/strong>, Bay Area sex educator and consultant at Giving the Talk\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"sex\">\u003c/a>Sex, Physical Contact and COVID-19\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828124\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828124\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/kissing-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kissing represents a high transmission risk for COVID-19 right now. \u003ccite>(Victoria Borodinova/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>What bodily fluids can carry COVID-19?\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>So many aspects of the coronavirus remain mysterious to scientists, and that includes the full scope of COVID-19’s relationship with sex. But here’s what we do know.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If someone has COVID-19, they can transmit the virus via particles in:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Their saliva\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their mucus\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Their breath\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The coronavirus has also been found in the semen and feces of people with COVID-19. It \u003cem>hasn’t\u003c/em> been found in vaginal fluid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Can COVID-19 be spread through sex, whether vaginal or anal? The scientific community actually doesn’t know for sure yet. What we do know is that “sex is the definition of close contact,” as Stephanie Cohen puts it. So if you’re close enough to get physically intimate with someone with COVID-19, you’re \u003cem>definitely\u003c/em> close enough to have a high risk of being infected via those particles they’re exhaling.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How dangerous is kissing?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Kissing someone outside of your household is one of \u003cem>the\u003c/em> most risky things you can do right now, Cohen says, because of how much exchange of saliva it involves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For this reason, she says, kissing might actually present a \u003cem>higher\u003c/em> risk of transmission than vaginal or anal sex. And anything that increases your respiration and your respiratory rate “will likely result in the release of more respiratory droplets,” thus increasing the risk of transmission — think heavy breathing.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Are certain \u003cem>types\u003c/em> of sex riskier?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Because the coronavirus has been found in feces — and because gastrointestinal symptoms like diarrhea can occur sometimes with COVID-19 infection — Cohen says there’s a likely chance that anal sex or oral-anal contact \u003cem>would\u003c/em> pose more of a transmission risk than other forms of sex such as penile-vaginal contact, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, medical professionals just don’t know for sure. COVID-19 transmission risk would also be impacted by a number of other factors, such as the degree of face-to-face contact and how infectious the person with COVID-19 is at the time of the sexual encounter. Right now, there just isn’t enough data to be definitive, Cohen says — so it’s all about assessing those various risk indicators we \u003cem>do\u003c/em> know about.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>If I \u003cem>do\u003c/em> have sex, what are some things I can do to reduce my risk of catching COVID-19?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you’re utterly determined to have sex outside of your household right now, these precautions represent harm reduction strategies:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Wearing a mask:\u003c/strong> Remember, a mask protects the other person in how it limits the spread of \u003cem>your\u003c/em> respiratory droplets. For masks to truly reduce the risks of either sexual partner getting COVID-19, both people would have to wear a mask: a mutual masking, if you will. “It might not be a strategy that works for everyone,” Cohen says, “but certainly I think it’s one that \u003cem>could\u003c/em> reduce risk.” Remember though: as Nenna Joiner reminds us, masks are like condoms in the sense that you “still need to know how to put [them] on \u003cem>correctly\u003c/em>.”\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Choosing positions that minimize face-to-face contact:\u003c/strong> Spooning sex, doggy-style, reverse-cowboy/cowgirl/cowperson — consider agreeing to stick to sexual arrangements that keep your faces far apart, and ideally with one person faced completely away from the other. (It’s a bit of a spontaneity-killer, yes, but it’s a good idea to agree to this one \u003cem>before\u003c/em> you start having sex, to avoid ‘the heat of the moment’ making the decisions for you.)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Remember cleanliness:\u003c/strong> “Washing up really well, both before and after sex” is another way sexual partners can potentially reduce their risk to each other, Cohen says. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If you don’t have soap and water on hand, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol and rub your hands together until they feel dry. \u003cem>Don’t\u003c/em> use sanitizer anywhere intimate — it will really irritate that delicate skin. If you have someone else’s bodily fluids on your body, be sure to wash them off thoroughly. You cannot “absorb” the coronavirus through your skin, but you might \u003cem>touch\u003c/em> your skin and then touch your face. If you’re using sex toys, wash those with soap and warm water.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Using condoms and other barriers:\u003c/strong> Wearing a condom during sex will decrease your exposure to saliva or feces. For oral sex, using a condom or dental dam similarly provides a barrier. This is especially important for any anal contact.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Keep it quick:\u003c/strong> Minimizing the length of a sexual encounter is a harm reduction strategy in how it’s reducing the amount of time you’re potentially being exposed to the virus.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Consider things that \u003cem>don’t\u003c/em> exchange fluids:\u003c/strong> Mutual masturbation could be considered a harm reduction strategy, Cohen says. But don’t forget that if you’re simultaneously making out, “that could actually be \u003cem>higher\u003c/em> risk than a quick session of oral sex,” she says.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And remember: Don’t forget to practice the safe sex you usually would before the pandemic.\u003cb>\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003c/b>With all this in mind, we’ll say it again: right now, during the COVID-19 pandemic, \u003cem>there is no way\u003c/em> of having sex with someone outside your household that carries zero risk of transmitting or obtaining the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone’s looking for a magic loophole,” acknowledges Julia Feldman, “and it doesn’t really exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And here’s \u003cem>another\u003c/em> tricky thing. Even if you and your partner agree to abide by all of the above harm reduction strategies in the cold light of day, things can shift in the heat of the moment. Previously agreed-upon plans can fall apart when inhibitions are lowered and you’re turned on, especially if alcohol is involved — and in these circumstances “you’re less likely to use your prefrontal cortex to really analyze the risk involved in the situation,” Feldman stresses. “Especially if you haven’t had sex in a long time and you’re very excited to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you’re concerned that your safety boundaries might be in any way reduced or made negotiable during sex… back away, and prioritize your health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828141\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828141\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels.jpg 1900w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-800x539.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Couple-Nicholas-Swatz-Pexels-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There’s no way to have sex with someone outside your household that’s risk-free for COVID-19 right now. \u003ccite>(Nicholas Swatz/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>OK… I had sex anyway. How long should I wait to get a COVID-19 test?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you aren’t sure whether your sexual partner had COVID-19, the best time to get tested for the coronavirus would be between five and 14 days after the encounter, says Stephanie Cohen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because the median average time from exposure to coronavirus symptom onset is five days — so testing any earlier than that might not yield an accurate result — but the incubation period (the amount of time you can be infected before showing symptoms) is \u003cem>up to\u003c/em> 14 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>Is isolating for 14 days between sexual partners a good idea?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Here’s the idea: you have sex with someone, and then wait for 14 days to see if you develop symptoms of COVID-19. If you don’t, you’re good to move on to a new partner safe in the knowledge you don’t have the disease and aren’t passing it on — right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not quite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a good strategy; it’s a harm reduction strategy,” Cohen says, but “it’s not a zero-risk strategy.” That’s because of the large numbers of people who get COVID-19 but never show any symptoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about sex with more than one person?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Having multiple people that you have sex with is a definite risk factor for transmitting COVID-19. These kinds of overlapping sexual relationships with different people — going back and forth between people, basically — is called “concurrency” in the sexual health world, and it’s something experts say \u003cem>will\u003c/em> heighten your risk of spreading the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To minimize that concurrency,” Cohen says, “decrease the network size — which decreases the spread of coronavirus.” Basically, consider reducing the number of people you’re having sex with during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Where does that leave you if you practice polyamory, which is all about having multiple sexual relationships?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nenna Joiner says that yes, some folks \u003cem>are\u003c/em> deciding to take a break from polyamorous intimacy during the pandemic owing to the heightened risks of having different partners right now. But other poly people are choosing to isolate together “as a poly family,” they say, and agreeing to only have sex “within that sphere of people.” Ultimately, it’s about finding the solution that works best for your health, and that of others.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about group sex?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If group sex (having sex with multiple people at the \u003cem>same\u003c/em> time) was your thing before the pandemic, Stephanie Cohen has a message for you: “The fewer people, the better.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because with every additional person in a situation — social \u003cem>or\u003c/em> sexual — you’re adding a potential COVID-19 case, whether they know they have it or not. In a group sex situation, that person is then potentially transmitting the coronavirus to multiple people at one time — who could then go on to infect others, who then go on to… you get the picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you do continue to choose group sex, New York City’s public health department \u003ca href=\"https://www1.nyc.gov/assets/doh/downloads/pdf/imm/covid-sex-guidance.pdf\">advises you\u003c/a> to “Go with a consistent sex partner” in such a situation, and “pick larger, more open, and well-ventilated spaces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about sex workers? How can they make it work right now?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Is there a way to safely engage in sex work in the midst of a pandemic?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s “a profession that certainly carries risk,” Cohen stresses, due to the amount of close physical contact involved. In addition to the other strategies discussed here, some additional harm reduction strategies sex workers might consider are to limit the number of clients they see during the pandemic, to opt for a smaller circle of regular clients and “more spacing out in-between partners.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"dating\">\u003c/a>Dating During the Pandemic\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825760\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1078\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x-800x449.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1214738423_1920x-1020x573.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">As shelter-in-place order ease, Bay Area residents will have to negotiate new boundaries around who they hang out with, and how. \u003ccite>(Photo by JOSH EDELSON/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Who is ‘safe’ to date right now?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>As if finding a match with someone you’re emotional and physically compatible with in all the \u003cem>expected\u003c/em> ways wasn’t fraught enough — you now have the coronavirus risk compatibility to consider, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is, Feldman admits, “a really unfortunate layer to add to dating.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get ready for some frank communication with partners, both current \u003cem>and\u003c/em> potential ones, about your circumstances and behaviors around contact with other people. How many people are they seeing, socially or sexually? How does their daily life look in terms of interactions with other people? Are they an essential worker? If so, what kind of traffic does their place of work experience?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a nutshell, this is not the time for mystery — and in many ways, you’ll have to be your own contact tracer, says Nenna Joiner.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How much do I need to talk about COVID-19 with potential partners?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Open, honest communication about your health has never been more crucial than right now. And, as Julia Feldman notes, if you’re getting sexually intimate with somebody, you \u003cem>should\u003c/em> already be talking to that person about your health and sexual health status. COVID-19 is now another communicable disease for you and your sexual partner(s) to be discussing, without holding anything back. (Remember though: somebody can have the coronavirus and have zero symptoms. Just because somebody thinks they don’t have COVID-19 doesn’t mean they are \u003cem>definitely\u003c/em> COVID-19-free.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting these conversations can feel tricky, especially with someone you barely know, so Feldman advises you initiate the conversation by leading with your \u003cem>own\u003c/em> experience — a time you were concerned you might have been at risk for contracting COVID-19, perhaps, or a recent decision to seek out a test for the disease. Leading with your own vulnerability, she says, can really open up a conversation without putting your prospective partner on the spot. You don’t want them to feel grilled, or accused. “That definitely doesn’t set the mood, and it doesn’t build trust,” Feldman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately, at the end of the day, people are trying to figure out how to get all of their needs met as safely as possible,” reminds Feldman. “That’s a lot to navigate! This is brand new stuff. We are going to be messy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In being thoughtful though, don’t forget to acknowledge your own boundaries — and forget about anyone who \u003cem>doesn’t\u003c/em> respect them, especially during a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Being an advocate for your own safety — and working to limit community transmission of the coronavirus — means not letting any potential partners pressure you into meeting up in person, or engaging in any sexual contact you don’t want to have.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>I live with other people. What do \u003cem>they\u003c/em> need to know about my dating and sex life?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you’re sharing your living situation with roommates or family, sorry: your business is now \u003cem>their\u003c/em> business, especially if their own health places them in a vulnerable category.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means you should be as transparent as possible with the people you live with about your relationship(s), and the types of activities and the type of risks that you’re involved in, Feldman says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first step in navigating this should be talking with the person you’re dating or having sex with, to establish \u003cem>their\u003c/em> level of risk. You need to work out the potential COVID-19 risk their behavior and circumstances pose not just to you, but therefore to the people you cohabit with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You should be prepared to discuss how you propose to minimize your roommates’ risk, whether that’s avoiding shared spaces in your home, relentless sanitizing of your living environment — or whether your cohabitees are prepared to \u003cem>not\u003c/em> do this and accept the heightened risk, and the potential consequences of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Basically, get used to communicating because “you need to have some very frank conversations about how you’re going to try to keep everyone safe, and prioritize \u003cem>everyone’s\u003c/em> health and well-being,” Feldman says. It’s \u003cem>that\u003c/em> big a deal that ultimately, Cohen says, your roommates or family “should have veto power in terms of you engaging in risky behavior and bringing it back to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"alts\">\u003c/a>Temporary Alternatives for Sex and Dating\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1020px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828122\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1020\" height=\"608\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1-800x477.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/NennaJoiner-1020x608-1-160x95.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1020px) 100vw, 1020px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nenna Joiner at Feelmore Adult Gallery in Oakland, which they founded in 2011. \u003ccite>(Pendarvis Harshaw/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>Is ‘distanced sex’ a thing?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Totally, says Joiner: social distancing and forgoing physical touch does \u003cem>not\u003c/em> have to be a barrier to sexual intimacy. Sex toys which use Bluetooth connectivity can be used or worn by one partner and activated remotely by their partner from six feet or more away, without any physical contact. If you want to increase that distance, Joiner says you could use these kinds of toys in conjunction with phone sex, or voyeurism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might sound impersonal, but Joiner says distanced products actually require just as much effort and communication, if not more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’ve got to turn on a person to make them feel confident and comfortable and warm like you’re there,” they say. (Joiner’s pro tip: If you’re purchasing this kind of remote toy for the first time, try it out solo first to really get to grips with it — and minimize any awkwardness when you come to use it with your partner.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>I know I am ‘my own safest partner.’ How can I make the most of that?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Nenna Joiner reminds that some people might actually welcome the break from active dating that COVID-19 enforces. Some people with anxiety can often find the machinery of dating — conversation, sex with someone new — stressful and anxiety-provoking. If that’s you, Joiner says to take advantage of this “buffer,” to get some respite. They also want to remind you that not everyone in the world is into self-pleasure — and if that’s you, that’s \u003cem>totally\u003c/em> fine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If limiting your physical intimacy with others is something you’re committed to, you may be considering acquiring sex toys to concentrate on your personal pleasure instead. Joiner says many sex shops, including their own, offer online chat services, where you can consult with an expert about exactly what you’re looking for. Joiner says some of Feelmore’s live chats can get “crazy,” so don’t worry about being frank with the professionals. Online deliveries or courier services are also available in many stores, to enable you to maintain social distancing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joiner’s entry-level advice with your purchases: “Stay on the lower end (on price), figure your body out for yourself and \u003cem>then\u003c/em> progress from there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>What about taking everything online?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you decide to take your sex life fully online to eliminate any close contact or in-person elements, New York City’s public health experts advise that if you normally meet your sexual partners online (or make a living on the internet), “video dates, sexting, subscription-based fan platforms, sexy ‘Zoom parties’ or chat rooms may be options for you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you choose this option, don’t forget to keep your environments clean in a way you would if someone else \u003cem>was\u003c/em> present, and disinfect any keyboards and touch screens you’re using that you share with other other people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, don’t let the possibilities of the internet (and let’s face it, lockdown-induced frustrations) override your normal judgment around your online privacy and personal safety. Especially when it comes to sending nudes or other intimate material to someone you don’t know and trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>How can I ‘have’ intimacy if it’s not safe to touch someone right now?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>Don’t be deterred or dismayed by how new all this feels either, Joiner says. The pandemic means many of us have had to learn new ways of living in general, and these adaptations to our sexual lives are in many ways “an opportunity to create a new life sexually for ourselves as well,” they say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joiner believes that this might even be a spur to \u003cem>regain\u003c/em> intimacy for many people, because of the extra imagination and effort required. It’s a chance, they say, to make sure that you’re really focusing on your own emotional needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Julia Feldman advises that this is also a potential moment to redefine what intimacy means for \u003cem>you\u003c/em>, beyond mere physical touch: “We can’t say that intimacy is dead!” she says. “It just has to function slightly differently.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch1>\u003ca id=\"cohabit\">\u003c/a>Advice for Cohabiting Couples\u003c/h1>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11826424\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11826424\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-800x500.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-1020x638.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/couple-1536x960.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cohabitating during a pandemic can present a whole new set of issues to tackle around sex. \u003ccite>(Retha Ferguson/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch4>I \u003cem>live\u003c/em> with my partner but we’re not having much sex. Help!\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>It’s not just single folks who aren’t \u003cem>necessarily\u003c/em> having the quantity or quality of physical contact they’d prefer during quarantine. For a couple who lives together, even a previously harmonious relationship can be severely tested by 24/7 cohabitation during COVID-19 — and result in a drop in intimacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all about switching up your timing to reinvigorate a dynamic, Joiner says. They recommend taking separate breaks outside of your shared accommodation — like a solo lunch break at the park — but also occasionally meeting up in a fresh setting that’s not where you live together. Joiner recommends trying a joint picnic, or a driving date — shared experiences that “will actually lead you to have to know \u003cem>why\u003c/em> you’re in a relationship with your partner, and then to lead towards more intimacy, which leads to more sex.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Don’t forget the power of dressing up slightly too, Joiner says, who warns against “the rut of seeing each other in certain clothes” (e.g. your work-from-home sweats.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even making a little effort for regular activities can go a long way, they say. “Like my partner: Yesterday we went to church online, and she puts on a dress. I’m like, ‘shit!'”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>My live-in partner is really bad at social distancing, and I’m worried to kiss or have sex with them. What can I do?\u003c/h4>\n\u003cp>If you’re covering your face in public and maintaining social distance, but your partner doesn’t, they’re not only heightening their own risk of contracting COVID-19 but bringing their risk home to you. How can you have that conversation in a way that makes change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sense, this conversation is an extension of the dialogues you and your partner have already (hopefully!) had about trust and fidelity of all kinds within your relationship, and the things that matter to you, whether that’s strict monogamy or communication around other partnerships you may have. Agreeing to even be \u003cem>in\u003c/em> a relationship is about declaring an intent to care for that other person’s wellbeing and safety in certain regards, and any breach of that — like bringing home a risk of COVID-19 without discussion — represents a decision to disregard that agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you’re in this situation, try explicitly framing this with your partner as a fidelity issue, Feldman recommends: “We made a commitment to protect each other through the good and bad, and right now this is pretty bad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She advises aiming to come to a reaffirmed agreement with your partner about “what level of risk you’re both willing to take on, and to really sign onto that.” Then, if there’s still a breach, you really need to talk about respect within your relationship, and whether you’re both really committed to each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When opening up these dialogues with your partner, Feldman also advises emphasizing that these are not “normal times,” and \u003cem>this is not forever\u003c/em>. These restrictions and limitations for which you’re advocating on the grounds of your shared health — and the trust in your relationship — are temporary. “You’re not saying your husband can never, for example, go play poker with the guys ever again, or whatever it is that he wants to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you still have questions about safe(r) sex and dating during the COVID-19 pandemic, submit them anonymously here — we may update this guide.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfORlnLyeRwi5X3h-SJ8SwhVxUbu0-wfpkL0sGfMxWFLl2gvw/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfORlnLyeRwi5X3h-SJ8SwhVxUbu0-wfpkL0sGfMxWFLl2gvw/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The symptoms for COVID-19 hit Larry Williams pretty fast. He got sweaty, disoriented. His blood pressure dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told me that they feared that I was going to have a heart attack or heart failure,” Williams said by phone from San Quentin State Prison, where he is incarcerated. “They thought I was going to crash.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, who has underlying health conditions that put him at risk for dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus on June 11, a day after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes from the bottom floor of a prison unit to a higher tier. After taking a couple loads, he asked whose belongings they were moving. He said the officer shrugged and told him the property belonged to 121 inmates who had transferred there at the end of May from the California Institution for Men in Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five of those men subsequently tested positive for the virus, and were believed to be the source of what’s become the largest COVID-19 outbreak in a California prison, infecting more than 1,600 men incarcerated at San Quentin and killing seven.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Larry Williams, COVID-19 survivor incarcerated at San Quentin\"]‘They need to provide a better facility that they can keep COVID-free, because right now, I’m one of the lucky ones.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most inmates at the prison in Marin County are being restricted to dorms or cells to prevent further spread of the virus, some routinely left those cells to provide essential work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorm porters like Williams clean group living spaces, including inmate’s toilets and showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most prison jobs pay between $.09 to $1.40 an hour, but Williams said he was not financially compensated for his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our pay was being able to come out [of our cells], stay out a little extra, being able to use the phone,” he said. “We moved the boxes because we were afraid of losing our privileges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828235\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg\" alt=\"Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1767\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-800x736.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1020x939.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-160x147.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1536x1414.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Larry Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Dana Simas responded to the allegations in a July 8 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our top priority is the health and safety of all those who live and work in our state prisons, including the incarcerated population that fulfill critical work assignments,” Simas wrote. “We are taking every precaution possible to protect the critical worker population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those precautions include providing surgical masks during critical workers’ shifts, personal protective equipment if warranted and training on infection control, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an essential worker at San Quentin who cleaned the rooms of COVID-19 patients recently told a filmmaker such protections were not in place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The worker] told me that his initial COVID training didn’t require them to use masks when they were cleaning areas where people who had been infected had been,” said Adamu Chan on a phone call from San Quentin last week. “Some of his coworkers had become infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan, who makes films about life at the prison through the nonprofit program \u003ca href=\"https://restorecal.org/firstwatch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">First Watch\u003c/a>, recently interviewed a member of a team that cleaned COVID-19 treatment rooms. That worker said he felt the team had been coerced into going into dangerous sections of the prison without proper protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of his coworkers had just stopped going to work because they didn’t feel like it was safe,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA), a civilian-led program inside California prisons that employed more than 7,000 inmates statewide in 2019, confirmed that some of their workers at San Quentin clean medical treatment rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Though these workers have been deemed ‘critical,’ none are being forced to report to work,” said spokeswoman Stephanie Eres in a July 8 email, which also laid out precautions the program is taking to protect inmates, including providing them with masks, protective eyewear and hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the type of work assignment, CALPIA said they provided additional protection through Tyvek suits or smocks and N95 masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='san-quentin']The program directors also encouraged physical distance, Eres wrote, and when working in areas where that was not possible, “CALPIA has utilized barriers between each work area or has reorganized areas to ensure staff and offenders can maintain the six-feet-apart distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eres said CALPIA closed programs at San Quentin on June 22 and has shut down 43 other programs at various prisons throughout the state due to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827142/lawmakers-want-stronger-covid-19-protections-in-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> on allegations that incarcerated workers at the California Institution for Women in Riverside also contracted the virus while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Larry Williams has nearly recovered from COVID-19, and continues to speak out about conditions in the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that the state aims to release thousands of inmates with lower-level offenses soon from San Quentin and other state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, a father of four who is serving time in San Quentin for a parole violation, hopes to be one of them. He has nearly recovered from COVID-19, but thinks more should be done to control the outbreak at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People like me that have underlying health conditions, we should be looked at and possibly allowed to go home on an ankle monitor,” he said. “Or they need to provide a better facility that they can keep us COVID-free, because right now, I’m one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most inmates at the prison in Marin County are being restricted to dorms or cells to prevent further spread of the virus, some routinely left those cells to provide essential work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorm porters like Williams clean group living spaces, including inmate’s toilets and showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most prison jobs pay between $.09 to $1.40 an hour, but Williams said he was not financially compensated for his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our pay was being able to come out [of our cells], stay out a little extra, being able to use the phone,” he said. “We moved the boxes because we were afraid of losing our privileges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828235\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg\" alt=\"Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1767\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-800x736.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1020x939.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-160x147.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1536x1414.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Larry Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Dana Simas responded to the allegations in a July 8 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our top priority is the health and safety of all those who live and work in our state prisons, including the incarcerated population that fulfill critical work assignments,” Simas wrote. “We are taking every precaution possible to protect the critical worker population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those precautions include providing surgical masks during critical workers’ shifts, personal protective equipment if warranted and training on infection control, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an essential worker at San Quentin who cleaned the rooms of COVID-19 patients recently told a filmmaker such protections were not in place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The worker] told me that his initial COVID training didn’t require them to use masks when they were cleaning areas where people who had been infected had been,” said Adamu Chan on a phone call from San Quentin last week. “Some of his coworkers had become infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan, who makes films about life at the prison through the nonprofit program \u003ca href=\"https://restorecal.org/firstwatch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">First Watch\u003c/a>, recently interviewed a member of a team that cleaned COVID-19 treatment rooms. That worker said he felt the team had been coerced into going into dangerous sections of the prison without proper protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of his coworkers had just stopped going to work because they didn’t feel like it was safe,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The program directors also encouraged physical distance, Eres wrote, and when working in areas where that was not possible, “CALPIA has utilized barriers between each work area or has reorganized areas to ensure staff and offenders can maintain the six-feet-apart distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eres said CALPIA closed programs at San Quentin on June 22 and has shut down 43 other programs at various prisons throughout the state due to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827142/lawmakers-want-stronger-covid-19-protections-in-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> on allegations that incarcerated workers at the California Institution for Women in Riverside also contracted the virus while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Larry Williams has nearly recovered from COVID-19, and continues to speak out about conditions in the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that the state aims to release thousands of inmates with lower-level offenses soon from San Quentin and other state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, a father of four who is serving time in San Quentin for a parole violation, hopes to be one of them. He has nearly recovered from COVID-19, but thinks more should be done to control the outbreak at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People like me that have underlying health conditions, we should be looked at and possibly allowed to go home on an ankle monitor,” he said. “Or they need to provide a better facility that they can keep us COVID-free, because right now, I’m one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 1968, John Potterat finished his tour of duty in Vietnam and came home to Los Angeles. He started working for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on its syphilis eradication campaign in what became a 40-year career as a contact tracer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a given day, I would be in the clinic for two, three hours. I would interview one or two people, and then I would go out in the field and drive around and locate the people that had been named,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking down sexual contacts in the “free love” era required private eye skills. A lot of people infected with a sexually transmitted disease didn’t know the names of the people they slept with. Maybe they remember a lover who works in a deli, but they don’t remember the name of the deli either. They only remember that it’s on South Broadway, and it’s the only deli in the neighborhood that doesn’t serve breakfast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Potterat drives up and down Broadway until he finds it. Then he writes a note for the employee — without a name, he addresses it with defining features, for example, the guy with a thick brown mustache and scorpion tattoo on his bicep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A day later, the person calls,” Potterat said. “He was located, and he was tested. Turned out that he was positive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ’70s, when gonorrhea took center stage, Potterat moved on to a new contact tracing job in Colorado. He sat at his desk in his paisley shirt, clashing paisley tie and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nigel+tufnel+haircut&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=OMAqOACsHQAOVM%252CRCxqk4VPrFoGqM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRQ6TZ3UuNpqKaOiIvnniPYwFptEA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiExp20777qAhXkna0KHesqC58Q9QEwAnoECAcQBw&biw=1431&bih=744#imgrc=OMAqOACsHQAOVM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nigel Tufnel\u003c/a> shag haircut, working the phones. Then at night, he tracked people down at the biker bars and gay bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would spend time there — it’s sort of a see and be seen type of approach, and we gained their trust through the ’70s,” he says. “But everything changed with AIDS.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new virus with no name arrived in the ’80s. And, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, it wouldn’t go away with a round of antibiotics. There was no test for AIDS, there was no treatment and it was 100% fatal. Health departments felt helpless, Potterat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact tracers were in a \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.82.8.1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moral quandary\u003c/a>. Many felt it was unethical to tell someone they might have been exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What did we have to offer these people? We didn’t even have hope,” Potterat remembered. “And these were young people. How do you tell a 23-year-old you might have two years to live? And here I am working for a medical clinic, and there’s not a damn thing I can do about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of years later, Potterat concluded that was a mistake. They could have at least met with people to educate them about the virus and counsel them on how to stop spreading it further. Eventually, Potterat’s team \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12083437/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traced HIV infections\u003c/a> back to the origin of the epidemic in Colorado Springs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that, had we had the courage and the conviction to go visit these people, we could have saved several people, a dozen, 20,” he said “So on some level, I failed. I made up for it later, but failure is failure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1996px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1996\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png 1996w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-800x498.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1020x635.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-160x100.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1536x956.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1920x1195.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1996px) 100vw, 1996px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphic of the HIV network derived from contact tracing in Colorado in the late 1980s through the 1990s. \u003ccite>(From study: Risk network structure in the early epidemic phase of HIV transmission in Colorado Springs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Gay Community Resists\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gay community in San Francisco did not share Potterat’s enthusiasm for contact tracing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when a test was developed in the mid ’80s, and even when the first antiretrovirals came out, gay advocates in San Francisco were opposed to contact tracing. They were afraid of what would happen if local governments collected a list of gay men that could then be used against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Coronavirus coverage\" tag=\"coronavirus\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we create public health measures, which are doomed to scare people into avoiding public health departments, nobody gains, and the epidemic spreads,” said gay rights lawyer, Ben Schatz, during a 1987 televised debate on KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warned what would come from naming names: lost jobs and lost housing. He and other advocates said public education was the way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have to be able to protect themselves,” he said. “If they think that the state is going to swoop in and say your sexual partner has AIDS, then they’re just going to continue burying their heads in the sand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some epidemiologists thought the money needed for contact tracing would be better spent on other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of my thinking about contact tracing back in those days was, ‘well, what exactly is it supposed to add?’ We’ve already told every single gay man they’re at high-risk, and they should get tested,” said UCSF doctor George Rutherford, who led the CDC’s AIDS response in San Francisco at the time. “At the time, the answer was, ‘Nothing,'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In smaller places, like Colorado where Potterat worked, they could contact trace and map disease networks. But in San Francisco, where a third of the population was infected, Rutherford says, it wasn’t \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/372541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cost-effective\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, with much better drugs, it’s become part of a standard operating procedure for any AIDS control program,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new generation of tracers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veterans like Rutherford are relying on lessons learned in the ’80s AIDS era to build the state’s new corps of the coronavirus contact tracers. Gov. Gavin Newsom has made contact tracing one of his key pillars for combatting the pandemic, and he’s tapped experts at UCSF to help train \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821528/in-search-of-20000-covid-19-contact-tracers-california-taps-local-librarians-tax-assessors-city-legal-staff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20,000 new contact tracers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/me-contact-tracing--800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Fagundes is one of 20,000 new contact tracers trained to help contain the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Jasmin Serim)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of them is Lisa Fagundes, a librarian at the San Francisco Public Library, who began training in March when she was furloughed from her job on the first floor of the main library. She’s since been promoted to be a team lead, guiding other contact tracers as they place calls to people who have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had a lot of contacts today, like 20 pages of contacts,” she said after a recent shift. “It’s just getting crazy busy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While people were generally receptive to their calls in the early months of the pandemic, privacy concerns have been mounting just as they did with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general,” Fagundes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='left' citation=\"Lisa Fagundes, a contact tracer in San Francisco\"]‘We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s Latino immigrant communities and communities of color who are disproportionately impacted by COVID-19 — they are more likely to contract the virus and more likely to die from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the mistrust and fears of discrimination are the same as they were for the gay community in the ’80s: lost jobs, lost housing, and now, getting deported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Here, because a lot of people may or may not be documented,” Rutherford said. “People are hesitant, much like gay men were hesitant to get on a list of gay men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes the work very difficult, Fagundes said, “because they’re a lot more curt and resistant, or suspicious or scared and upset.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Overcoming Mistrust\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Local state and county public health departments are leaning on lessons learned in the ’80s to overcome the mistrust. They are running social media campaigns to demystify contact tracing and remind people the U.S. has been doing this for decades to contain all sorts of outbreaks, like STDs, measles, tuberculosis and food poisoning. They are building bridges with the affected populations by partnering with community groups that already have trusted relationships with them. And they are emphasizing hiring contact tracers who are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11822532/diversity-among-disease-detectives-key-to-containing-the-coronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bilingual and bicultural\u003c/a> to ease communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to truly win the public’s buy-in for contact tracing, veterans say the local health departments need back up from the federal government — they need a leader with a unifying message: us against the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The president today, just like the president in the ’80s, is doing the opposite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn’t there, or that it would go away,” Potterat said. “And if it doesn’t go away, ‘Well, it’s not affecting people that are really, really very important.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"John Potterat, contact tracer for 40 years\"]‘COVID or HIV, pretending that it wasn’t there, or that it would go away.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1980s, President Ronald Reagan refused to reference AIDS in public for the first several years of the epidemic, alienating the gay community that was most impacted by the disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump refuses to wear a mask in public, repeatedly contradicts his top scientific advisors and routinely makes remarks that alienate the communities of color most impacted by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We paid the price then for a president who wouldn’t utter the word,” said David Harvey, executive director of the National Coalition of STD Directors, referring to the illness and deaths that could have been prevented. “This is where we have history repeating itself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without a sustained national education campaign, without a unified national message and without leaders who model the behavior that curbs transmission of the virus, he said, the pandemic will spread, and more people will die.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1968, John Potterat finished his tour of duty in Vietnam and came home to Los Angeles. He started working for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on its syphilis eradication campaign in what became a 40-year career as a contact tracer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a given day, I would be in the clinic for two, three hours. I would interview one or two people, and then I would go out in the field and drive around and locate the people that had been named,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tracking down sexual contacts in the “free love” era required private eye skills. A lot of people infected with a sexually transmitted disease didn’t know the names of the people they slept with. Maybe they remember a lover who works in a deli, but they don’t remember the name of the deli either. They only remember that it’s on South Broadway, and it’s the only deli in the neighborhood that doesn’t serve breakfast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Potterat drives up and down Broadway until he finds it. Then he writes a note for the employee — without a name, he addresses it with defining features, for example, the guy with a thick brown mustache and scorpion tattoo on his bicep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A day later, the person calls,” Potterat said. “He was located, and he was tested. Turned out that he was positive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ’70s, when gonorrhea took center stage, Potterat moved on to a new contact tracing job in Colorado. He sat at his desk in his paisley shirt, clashing paisley tie and \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?q=nigel+tufnel+haircut&tbm=isch&source=iu&ictx=1&fir=OMAqOACsHQAOVM%252CRCxqk4VPrFoGqM%252C_&vet=1&usg=AI4_-kRQ6TZ3UuNpqKaOiIvnniPYwFptEA&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiExp20777qAhXkna0KHesqC58Q9QEwAnoECAcQBw&biw=1431&bih=744#imgrc=OMAqOACsHQAOVM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nigel Tufnel\u003c/a> shag haircut, working the phones. Then at night, he tracked people down at the biker bars and gay bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We would spend time there — it’s sort of a see and be seen type of approach, and we gained their trust through the ’70s,” he says. “But everything changed with AIDS.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new virus with no name arrived in the ’80s. And, unlike syphilis or gonorrhea, it wouldn’t go away with a round of antibiotics. There was no test for AIDS, there was no treatment and it was 100% fatal. Health departments felt helpless, Potterat said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contact tracers were in a \u003ca href=\"https://ajph.aphapublications.org/doi/pdf/10.2105/AJPH.82.8.1158\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">moral quandary\u003c/a>. Many felt it was unethical to tell someone they might have been exposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What did we have to offer these people? We didn’t even have hope,” Potterat remembered. “And these were young people. How do you tell a 23-year-old you might have two years to live? And here I am working for a medical clinic, and there’s not a damn thing I can do about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of years later, Potterat concluded that was a mistake. They could have at least met with people to educate them about the virus and counsel them on how to stop spreading it further. Eventually, Potterat’s team \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12083437/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">traced HIV infections\u003c/a> back to the origin of the epidemic in Colorado Springs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that, had we had the courage and the conviction to go visit these people, we could have saved several people, a dozen, 20,” he said “So on some level, I failed. I made up for it later, but failure is failure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828042\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1996px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828042\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1996\" height=\"1242\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing.png 1996w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-800x498.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1020x635.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-160x100.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1536x956.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/ContactTracing-1920x1195.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1996px) 100vw, 1996px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Graphic of the HIV network derived from contact tracing in Colorado in the late 1980s through the 1990s. \u003ccite>(From study: Risk network structure in the early epidemic phase of HIV transmission in Colorado Springs)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Gay Community Resists\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gay community in San Francisco did not share Potterat’s enthusiasm for contact tracing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even when a test was developed in the mid ’80s, and even when the first antiretrovirals came out, gay advocates in San Francisco were opposed to contact tracing. They were afraid of what would happen if local governments collected a list of gay men that could then be used against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we create public health measures, which are doomed to scare people into avoiding public health departments, nobody gains, and the epidemic spreads,” said gay rights lawyer, Ben Schatz, during a 1987 televised debate on KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He warned what would come from naming names: lost jobs and lost housing. He and other advocates said public education was the way to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People have to be able to protect themselves,” he said. “If they think that the state is going to swoop in and say your sexual partner has AIDS, then they’re just going to continue burying their heads in the sand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some epidemiologists thought the money needed for contact tracing would be better spent on other things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of my thinking about contact tracing back in those days was, ‘well, what exactly is it supposed to add?’ We’ve already told every single gay man they’re at high-risk, and they should get tested,” said UCSF doctor George Rutherford, who led the CDC’s AIDS response in San Francisco at the time. “At the time, the answer was, ‘Nothing,'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In smaller places, like Colorado where Potterat worked, they could contact trace and map disease networks. But in San Francisco, where a third of the population was infected, Rutherford says, it wasn’t \u003ca href=\"https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/372541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cost-effective\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now, with much better drugs, it’s become part of a standard operating procedure for any AIDS control program,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A new generation of tracers\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veterans like Rutherford are relying on lessons learned in the ’80s AIDS era to build the state’s new corps of the coronavirus contact tracers. Gov. Gavin Newsom has made contact tracing one of his key pillars for combatting the pandemic, and he’s tapped experts at UCSF to help train \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821528/in-search-of-20000-covid-19-contact-tracers-california-taps-local-librarians-tax-assessors-city-legal-staff\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20,000 new contact tracers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828027\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11828027\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/me-contact-tracing--800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Fagundes is one of 20,000 new contact tracers trained to help contain the coronavirus. \u003ccite>(Jasmin Serim)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>One of them is Lisa Fagundes, a librarian at the San Francisco Public Library, who began training in March when she was furloughed from her job on the first floor of the main library. She’s since been promoted to be a team lead, guiding other contact tracers as they place calls to people who have been exposed to someone who tested positive for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had a lot of contacts today, like 20 pages of contacts,” she said after a recent shift. “It’s just getting crazy busy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While people were generally receptive to their calls in the early months of the pandemic, privacy concerns have been mounting just as they did with HIV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re starting to encounter more of the segment of the population that doesn’t trust this whole system, that doesn’t trust the department of public health in general,” Fagundes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"soldout": {
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