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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing a mountain of lawsuits, California K-12 schools will have a system in place beginning this year to prevent teachers and other staff from sexually abusing students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new California law creates an array of measures to educate school staff, beef up reporting requirements and stop teachers credibly accused of abuse from getting jobs at other districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb848\">Senate Bill 848\u003c/a>, goes into effect Jan. 1 and schools must have protocols in place by July. The law applies to all schools, including private schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m proud to see this bill move forward. It’s been really personal for me,” \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/legislators/sasha-renee-perez-187431\">state Sen. Sasha Renée Pérez\u003c/a>, the bill’s author, told CalMatters after it passed. “For survivors, this is an important step toward justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Avalanche of lawsuits\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The law stems from a previous California law that made it easier for victims to sue school districts and counties. Under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB218\">AB 218\u003c/a>, which went into effect in 2020, victims can file suit until age 40 or even older if they didn’t remember being abused until later in life. That’s led to an avalanche of lawsuits and much greater public awareness of the scope of the problem.[aside postID=news_12050399 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/GenericClassroomGetty.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, victims have filed more than 1,000 lawsuits against school districts and counties, with some resulting in enormous payouts. A jury in Riverside County in 2023 handed Moreno Valley Unified a $135 million verdict over abuse allegations, and Los Angeles Unified faces more than $500 million in claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, California schools face \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcmat.org/PublicationsReports/child-sexual-assault-fiscal-implications-report.pdf\">nearly $3 billion in sex abuse claims\u003c/a> from former students, according to the Fiscal Crisis and Management Assistance Team, a state agency that helps school districts with financial matters. Some of the incidents occurred decades ago, as early as the 1940s, and some of the payouts have been so large that they’ve led districts to financial insolvency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>School accountability\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the new law doesn’t address the lawsuits, it does institute measures intended to stop future abuse and hold schools more accountable. It requires schools to write comprehensive policies on appropriate behavior, and train students, teachers, coaches and other school staff on recognizing and reporting misconduct. It also broadens the number of staff who are required to report abuse allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most noteworthy requirement is creating a database of teachers credibly accused of abuse. The database, to be administered by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, will be available to schools during their hiring processes. The aim is to stop teachers who’ve abused students from quitting and getting rehired elsewhere, only to abuse more students. Teachers who’ve been cleared of wrongdoing will be removed from the database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pérez, a Democrat from Alhambra, said she was inspired to author the new law after reading about \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/40-years-of-sexual-misconduct-at-rosemead-california-high-school-2023-9?investigative=64b6dc464228262bfe7edd25\">generations of abuse\u003c/a> at Rosemead High School, which is in her district. She also \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2025/09/sexual-abuse-california-schools/\">told CaMatters\u003c/a> that she was the victim of a teacher’s unwanted attention when she was in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are now dollars and cents being assigned to these cases,” she said in September. “It’s really opened up this conversation about what can we do to better prevent this abuse from happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2025/12/sex-abuse-california/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb848\">Senate Bill 848\u003c/a>, goes into effect Jan. 1 and schools must have protocols in place by July. The law applies to all schools, including private schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m proud to see this bill move forward. It’s been really personal for me,” \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/legislators/sasha-renee-perez-187431\">state Sen. Sasha Renée Pérez\u003c/a>, the bill’s author, told CalMatters after it passed. “For survivors, this is an important step toward justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Avalanche of lawsuits\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The law stems from a previous California law that made it easier for victims to sue school districts and counties. Under \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=201920200AB218\">AB 218\u003c/a>, which went into effect in 2020, victims can file suit until age 40 or even older if they didn’t remember being abused until later in life. That’s led to an avalanche of lawsuits and much greater public awareness of the scope of the problem.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, victims have filed more than 1,000 lawsuits against school districts and counties, with some resulting in enormous payouts. A jury in Riverside County in 2023 handed Moreno Valley Unified a $135 million verdict over abuse allegations, and Los Angeles Unified faces more than $500 million in claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Overall, California schools face \u003ca href=\"https://www.fcmat.org/PublicationsReports/child-sexual-assault-fiscal-implications-report.pdf\">nearly $3 billion in sex abuse claims\u003c/a> from former students, according to the Fiscal Crisis and Management Assistance Team, a state agency that helps school districts with financial matters. Some of the incidents occurred decades ago, as early as the 1940s, and some of the payouts have been so large that they’ve led districts to financial insolvency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>School accountability\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>While the new law doesn’t address the lawsuits, it does institute measures intended to stop future abuse and hold schools more accountable. It requires schools to write comprehensive policies on appropriate behavior, and train students, teachers, coaches and other school staff on recognizing and reporting misconduct. It also broadens the number of staff who are required to report abuse allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps the most noteworthy requirement is creating a database of teachers credibly accused of abuse. The database, to be administered by the California Commission on Teacher Credentialing, will be available to schools during their hiring processes. The aim is to stop teachers who’ve abused students from quitting and getting rehired elsewhere, only to abuse more students. Teachers who’ve been cleared of wrongdoing will be removed from the database.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pérez, a Democrat from Alhambra, said she was inspired to author the new law after reading about \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/40-years-of-sexual-misconduct-at-rosemead-california-high-school-2023-9?investigative=64b6dc464228262bfe7edd25\">generations of abuse\u003c/a> at Rosemead High School, which is in her district. She also \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2025/09/sexual-abuse-california-schools/\">told CaMatters\u003c/a> that she was the victim of a teacher’s unwanted attention when she was in high school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are now dollars and cents being assigned to these cases,” she said in September. “It’s really opened up this conversation about what can we do to better prevent this abuse from happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2025/12/sex-abuse-california/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Briana Fair, a mental health clinician with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-mateo\">San Mateo\u003c/a> Police Department, received a dozen voicemails from the same distressed caller over a single weekend this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knew the voice. It was her client, saying that a celebrity has been hacking her phone, that she needed help moving into a different apartment and why was the process taking so long?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally, she won’t call like this unless she’s starting to get towards a crisis,” Fair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Fair keeps her close, it will ensure she is connected with the services she needs and prevent her from calling 911 dispatch, reducing the possibility of a full-blown crisis involving officers or unnecessary hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I fill in the gaps,” said Fair. “It’s just a matter of getting her the right supports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s working, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-025-02339-7\">new study of San Mateo County’s efforts\u003c/a> from Stanford’s John W. Gardner Center for Youth and Their Communities, which found that pairing \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/03/mental-health-crisis-police/\">law enforcement officers with mental health clinicians\u003c/a> reduces the likelihood of costlier and more intrusive interventions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-15-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up shows a person with short, tightly curled hair leaning forward and listening intently to another person whose back is in the foreground. Their face is partially lit, with a focused, serious expression, while a blurred laptop screen and desk items appear in the background, suggesting a work or interview setting.\">\u003cfigcaption>Briana Fair assists a client at the client’s apartment in San Mateo, after the client made multiple calls to her over the weekend, on Dec. 15, 2025. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fair was hired four years ago as part of a program to pilot this approach, also known as a “co-responder model,” across San Mateo County’s four largest cities — Daly City, San Mateo, Redwood City and South San Francisco. The idea was to free up police officers and provide alternatives to incarceration and hospital emergency rooms for people in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/mental-health/\">mental health crisis\u003c/a>. Since then, the model has rolled out to police departments in nearly every city in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers behind the Stanford study found the co-responder model decreased involuntary psychiatric holds by approximately 17% and reduced the likelihood of future mental health 911 calls among the four pilot cities. The hold allows a hospital to keep someone for up to 72 hours to determine if they are a danger to themselves or others. Given the reduction of roughly 370 involuntary psychiatric holds over the course of two years, researchers Tom Dee and Jaymes Pyne estimated an annual cost savings of roughly $300,000 to $800,000.[aside postID=news_12066395 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/San-Francisco-General-Hospital-Getty.jpg']“We’ve got to look to alternatives and really understand that police are not the best equipped to handle mental health crisis situations,” said San Mateo County Executive Officer Mike Callagy, who proposed the pilot after seeing cases that resulted in officers using force and in lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During each visit with her client, Fair tries to help her check something off a list of things that have been bothering her. Today, they’re sitting next to one another as they call California’s social services department to ask about in-home care. They’re placed on hold and after five minutes, her client lets out a deep sigh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know, it’s a lot,” Fair said. “That’s why I’m here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As jazz music plays in the background of the call, Fair picks up a bottle of dry shampoo from the desk, reads the label aloud and asks her how she likes it. She brought the product over during one of their last visits — a bandaid solution that she devised because her client was having trouble bathing herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Have you tried it yet?” she asks. “Want me to spray it for you? Brush it first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her client takes her hair out of its ponytail, brushes it with her fingers and runs her hands along the part. Fair stands up from her chair, shakes the bottle and mists it over her head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does it feel better?” she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, but you sprayed it in my mouth,” her client says, letting out a big laugh. “It feels fresh.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rising number of mental health calls\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s research adds to a \u003ca href=\"https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ps.20240003\">growing body of evidence\u003c/a> about the positive impact of alternative first response programs, which have proliferated across the country amid calls for police reform in the aftermath of George Floyd’s murder in 2020. Those reforms are so nascent that not much is known about them, Dee said, and his study is one of a handful that provides a credible evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a common-sense reform with a great deal of promise,” he said. “That being said, it’s not a cut-and-paste kind of reform. There are serious design and implementation details that matter for realizing the promise of these sorts of initiatives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-03-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A motion-blurred street scene shows a uniformed officer moving quickly near an intersection, with another person partially visible nearby. A stop sign and street sign appear in the background alongside residential buildings and trees, conveying a sense of sudden movement and urgency.\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-09-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Three people walk together across a residential street, including two uniformed police officers and a third person in plain clothes who gestures while speaking. Parked police vehicles line the curb behind them, and apartment buildings and trees with autumn leaves frame the scene in daylight.\">\u003c/figure>\u003cfigcaption>\u003cstrong>First: \u003c/strong>Briana Fair, San Mateo Police Department’s first-ever mental health clinician, responds to a mental health related 911 call that involved two police officers and resulted in no arrests, in San Mateo, on Dec. 15, 2025. \u003cstrong>Last: \u003c/strong>Police officers Dylan Kayzar, left, Jared Rogge, and mental health clinician Briana Fair chat after responding to a mental health related 911 call in San Mateo, on Dec. 15, 2025. Photos by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-01-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A person sits in the front seat of a car, shown in profile, with short curly hair softly lit by dim light from outside the vehicle. The interior is mostly dark, with the headrest, window frame, and a blurred structure visible beyond the window, creating a quiet, contemplative mood.\">\u003cfigcaption>Briana Fair, San Mateo Police Department’s first-ever mental health clinician, prepares to respond to a mental health-related 911 call in San Mateo on Dec. 15, 2025. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of those details include having buy-in from the police, training dispatchers on how to triage calls, and integrating mental health staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo Police Chief Ed Barberini said it was a “risky proposition” when his agency decided to participate in the pilot program, worrying that his officers would push back. But mental health calls were on the rise, he said, and without clinical expertise, police officers were being put in a difficult position. That sentiment has been shared by law enforcement agencies across the state, some of which have recently \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/mental-health/2025/04/mental-health-crisis-california-police-response/\">distanced themselves from mental health calls\u003c/a>.[aside postID=science_1999700 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251211-DEATHCAPMUSHROOMS-10-BL-KQED.jpg']“We recognized that we were triaging problems and just finding short-term solutions,” said Barberini. “I’m pleasantly surprised with how things have turned out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to the pilot program, San Mateo police officers who responded to mental health 911 calls had to decide whether to send the person to the hospital for a 72-hour involuntary hold, arrest them, or leave them to their own devices. By pairing them with a clinician, the agency has been able to provide safety planning, follow-up calls and connections to community partners for people in mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mariela Ruiz-Angel, director of Alternative Response Initiatives at Georgetown Law’s Center for Innovations in Community Safety, said a co-responder model is fantastic — but it’s just the beginning of what a progressive city looks like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really about evolving to a level in which we don’t have to send out cops or fire for basic-level need calls,” she said. “The idea was never about taking cops out of the equation altogether. The idea was that we don’t have to center them as the main response of 911. We don’t have to make public safety about cops. Public safety is about the appropriate response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>De-escalating a family feud\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The pilot program cost approximately $1.5 million over the course of two years, split between the county and the four participating cities. Once it ended, the San Mateo Police Department — an agency consisting of 116 sworn officers — converted Fair’s role to a permanent position as the agency’s first-ever mental health clinician. The city is also using grant money to employ an additional mental health clinician part-time. Every other participating city has also found a way to sustain its program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Monday morning, Fair responds to emails from police officers who have asked her to follow up with people they interacted with over the weekend. This time of year has been busy, Fair says, because the holidays can be lonely. In the last week alone, she’s had to respond to a variety of crises: evaluating a kid who had an interrupted suicide attempt and responding to a transgender youth who wanted to stab themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A radio sits next to her desk. She pauses to listen more intently as a dispatcher relays information about a person who thinks they’re being followed by a federal agent. A family member called in to report the episode. A few minutes later, Fair slings her backpack over her arm, sticks the radio in her pocket and quickly winds her way through the hallway to the garage. In the backseat of her county car – a white Toyota Prius – is a bulletproof vest, which she says she rarely uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside an apartment complex, Fair pulls over and turns on her flashers. The process, also referred to as “staging,” is when she parks two blocks away so police officers, who have already arrived, can vet the scene to make sure it’s safe for her arrival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-31-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A person with short, curly hair sits indoors near a window, hands clasped in their lap, with a calm expression. Sunlight falls across part of their face and shoulder, while the rest of the room remains in shadow. Small potted plants sit on a ledge beside them, and shelves with framed items and greenery are visible in the softly lit background.\">\u003cfigcaption>As the San Mateo Police Department’s first mental health clinician, Briana Fair connects people experiencing mental health crises with services to help prevent unnecessary hospitalizations or police involvement in San Mateo, on Dec. 15, 2025. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few minutes later, she opens the car door and jogs over in her black Nikes and tan cargo pants. An officer introduces her to the family and from there, Fair’s work unfolds. She moves back and forth between the family and their loved one, who’s sitting across the street on a bench, as she collects information from both parties: Is there a mental health history? What kind of substances have they used before? Are they currently receiving any treatment? Have they been hospitalized before? Did they make any threats? What do you want to see happen today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 10 minutes, Fair pulls one of the officers aside to let him know that the person doesn’t need to be hospitalized. “Let’s safety plan,” she tells him. It’s what the agency does if they receive a call that doesn’t rise to the level of an involuntary psychiatric hold. At that point, officers say, they’re “just playing peacemaker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fair huddles beside the family to explain that the situation is no longer a police matter or a mental health crisis, but rather, a family matter. Still, she doesn’t want to leave them feeling alone. They create a “safety plan” that everyone can get on board with so that, as she later explains, “We don’t get another call in 10 minutes because they’re arguing down the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get calls like this — where it sounds like it’s going to be wild — and then we get here and it’s just a family matter,” she said. “It happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cayla Mihalovich is a California Local News fellow. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/12/police-mental-health-emergencies/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Briana Fair, a mental health clinician with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-mateo\">San Mateo\u003c/a> Police Department, received a dozen voicemails from the same distressed caller over a single weekend this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She knew the voice. It was her client, saying that a celebrity has been hacking her phone, that she needed help moving into a different apartment and why was the process taking so long?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Normally, she won’t call like this unless she’s starting to get towards a crisis,” Fair said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If Fair keeps her close, it will ensure she is connected with the services she needs and prevent her from calling 911 dispatch, reducing the possibility of a full-blown crisis involving officers or unnecessary hospitalizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I fill in the gaps,” said Fair. “It’s just a matter of getting her the right supports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s working, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-025-02339-7\">new study of San Mateo County’s efforts\u003c/a> from Stanford’s John W. Gardner Center for Youth and Their Communities, which found that pairing \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2022/03/mental-health-crisis-police/\">law enforcement officers with mental health clinicians\u003c/a> reduces the likelihood of costlier and more intrusive interventions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-15-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A close-up shows a person with short, tightly curled hair leaning forward and listening intently to another person whose back is in the foreground. Their face is partially lit, with a focused, serious expression, while a blurred laptop screen and desk items appear in the background, suggesting a work or interview setting.\">\u003cfigcaption>Briana Fair assists a client at the client’s apartment in San Mateo, after the client made multiple calls to her over the weekend, on Dec. 15, 2025. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fair was hired four years ago as part of a program to pilot this approach, also known as a “co-responder model,” across San Mateo County’s four largest cities — Daly City, San Mateo, Redwood City and South San Francisco. The idea was to free up police officers and provide alternatives to incarceration and hospital emergency rooms for people in a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/mental-health/\">mental health crisis\u003c/a>. Since then, the model has rolled out to police departments in nearly every city in the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers behind the Stanford study found the co-responder model decreased involuntary psychiatric holds by approximately 17% and reduced the likelihood of future mental health 911 calls among the four pilot cities. The hold allows a hospital to keep someone for up to 72 hours to determine if they are a danger to themselves or others. Given the reduction of roughly 370 involuntary psychiatric holds over the course of two years, researchers Tom Dee and Jaymes Pyne estimated an annual cost savings of roughly $300,000 to $800,000.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’ve got to look to alternatives and really understand that police are not the best equipped to handle mental health crisis situations,” said San Mateo County Executive Officer Mike Callagy, who proposed the pilot after seeing cases that resulted in officers using force and in lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During each visit with her client, Fair tries to help her check something off a list of things that have been bothering her. Today, they’re sitting next to one another as they call California’s social services department to ask about in-home care. They’re placed on hold and after five minutes, her client lets out a deep sigh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know, it’s a lot,” Fair said. “That’s why I’m here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As jazz music plays in the background of the call, Fair picks up a bottle of dry shampoo from the desk, reads the label aloud and asks her how she likes it. She brought the product over during one of their last visits — a bandaid solution that she devised because her client was having trouble bathing herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Have you tried it yet?” she asks. “Want me to spray it for you? Brush it first.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her client takes her hair out of its ponytail, brushes it with her fingers and runs her hands along the part. Fair stands up from her chair, shakes the bottle and mists it over her head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does it feel better?” she asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes, but you sprayed it in my mouth,” her client says, letting out a big laugh. “It feels fresh.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rising number of mental health calls\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Stanford’s research adds to a \u003ca href=\"https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ps.20240003\">growing body of evidence\u003c/a> about the positive impact of alternative first response programs, which have proliferated across the country amid calls for police reform in the aftermath of George Floyd’s murder in 2020. Those reforms are so nascent that not much is known about them, Dee said, and his study is one of a handful that provides a credible evaluation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a common-sense reform with a great deal of promise,” he said. “That being said, it’s not a cut-and-paste kind of reform. There are serious design and implementation details that matter for realizing the promise of these sorts of initiatives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-03-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A motion-blurred street scene shows a uniformed officer moving quickly near an intersection, with another person partially visible nearby. A stop sign and street sign appear in the background alongside residential buildings and trees, conveying a sense of sudden movement and urgency.\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-09-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"Three people walk together across a residential street, including two uniformed police officers and a third person in plain clothes who gestures while speaking. Parked police vehicles line the curb behind them, and apartment buildings and trees with autumn leaves frame the scene in daylight.\">\u003c/figure>\u003cfigcaption>\u003cstrong>First: \u003c/strong>Briana Fair, San Mateo Police Department’s first-ever mental health clinician, responds to a mental health related 911 call that involved two police officers and resulted in no arrests, in San Mateo, on Dec. 15, 2025. \u003cstrong>Last: \u003c/strong>Police officers Dylan Kayzar, left, Jared Rogge, and mental health clinician Briana Fair chat after responding to a mental health related 911 call in San Mateo, on Dec. 15, 2025. Photos by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-01-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A person sits in the front seat of a car, shown in profile, with short curly hair softly lit by dim light from outside the vehicle. The interior is mostly dark, with the headrest, window frame, and a blurred structure visible beyond the window, creating a quiet, contemplative mood.\">\u003cfigcaption>Briana Fair, San Mateo Police Department’s first-ever mental health clinician, prepares to respond to a mental health-related 911 call in San Mateo on Dec. 15, 2025. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some of those details include having buy-in from the police, training dispatchers on how to triage calls, and integrating mental health staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo Police Chief Ed Barberini said it was a “risky proposition” when his agency decided to participate in the pilot program, worrying that his officers would push back. But mental health calls were on the rise, he said, and without clinical expertise, police officers were being put in a difficult position. That sentiment has been shared by law enforcement agencies across the state, some of which have recently \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/mental-health/2025/04/mental-health-crisis-california-police-response/\">distanced themselves from mental health calls\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We recognized that we were triaging problems and just finding short-term solutions,” said Barberini. “I’m pleasantly surprised with how things have turned out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to the pilot program, San Mateo police officers who responded to mental health 911 calls had to decide whether to send the person to the hospital for a 72-hour involuntary hold, arrest them, or leave them to their own devices. By pairing them with a clinician, the agency has been able to provide safety planning, follow-up calls and connections to community partners for people in mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mariela Ruiz-Angel, director of Alternative Response Initiatives at Georgetown Law’s Center for Innovations in Community Safety, said a co-responder model is fantastic — but it’s just the beginning of what a progressive city looks like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really about evolving to a level in which we don’t have to send out cops or fire for basic-level need calls,” she said. “The idea was never about taking cops out of the equation altogether. The idea was that we don’t have to center them as the main response of 911. We don’t have to make public safety about cops. Public safety is about the appropriate response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>De-escalating a family feud\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The pilot program cost approximately $1.5 million over the course of two years, split between the county and the four participating cities. Once it ended, the San Mateo Police Department — an agency consisting of 116 sworn officers — converted Fair’s role to a permanent position as the agency’s first-ever mental health clinician. The city is also using grant money to employ an additional mental health clinician part-time. Every other participating city has also found a way to sustain its program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a Monday morning, Fair responds to emails from police officers who have asked her to follow up with people they interacted with over the weekend. This time of year has been busy, Fair says, because the holidays can be lonely. In the last week alone, she’s had to respond to a variety of crises: evaluating a kid who had an interrupted suicide attempt and responding to a transgender youth who wanted to stab themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A radio sits next to her desk. She pauses to listen more intently as a dispatcher relays information about a person who thinks they’re being followed by a federal agent. A family member called in to report the episode. A few minutes later, Fair slings her backpack over her arm, sticks the radio in her pocket and quickly winds her way through the hallway to the garage. In the backseat of her county car – a white Toyota Prius – is a bulletproof vest, which she says she rarely uses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside an apartment complex, Fair pulls over and turns on her flashers. The process, also referred to as “staging,” is when she parks two blocks away so police officers, who have already arrived, can vet the scene to make sure it’s safe for her arrival.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/121525-San-Mateo-RideAlong-MO-CM-31-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"A person with short, curly hair sits indoors near a window, hands clasped in their lap, with a calm expression. Sunlight falls across part of their face and shoulder, while the rest of the room remains in shadow. Small potted plants sit on a ledge beside them, and shelves with framed items and greenery are visible in the softly lit background.\">\u003cfigcaption>As the San Mateo Police Department’s first mental health clinician, Briana Fair connects people experiencing mental health crises with services to help prevent unnecessary hospitalizations or police involvement in San Mateo, on Dec. 15, 2025. Photo by Manuel Orbegozo for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A few minutes later, she opens the car door and jogs over in her black Nikes and tan cargo pants. An officer introduces her to the family and from there, Fair’s work unfolds. She moves back and forth between the family and their loved one, who’s sitting across the street on a bench, as she collects information from both parties: Is there a mental health history? What kind of substances have they used before? Are they currently receiving any treatment? Have they been hospitalized before? Did they make any threats? What do you want to see happen today?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 10 minutes, Fair pulls one of the officers aside to let him know that the person doesn’t need to be hospitalized. “Let’s safety plan,” she tells him. It’s what the agency does if they receive a call that doesn’t rise to the level of an involuntary psychiatric hold. At that point, officers say, they’re “just playing peacemaker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fair huddles beside the family to explain that the situation is no longer a police matter or a mental health crisis, but rather, a family matter. Still, she doesn’t want to leave them feeling alone. They create a “safety plan” that everyone can get on board with so that, as she later explains, “We don’t get another call in 10 minutes because they’re arguing down the street.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We get calls like this — where it sounds like it’s going to be wild — and then we get here and it’s just a family matter,” she said. “It happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Cayla Mihalovich is a California Local News fellow. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/12/police-mental-health-emergencies/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Trump Move to Break Up Atmospheric Research Center Threatens Wildfire, Storm Predictions",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> officials and researchers across the country are sounding the alarm about the Trump administration’s plans to dismember a global hub for weather, wildfire and climate science: the Colorado-based National Center for Atmospheric Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/people/russell-vought/\">Russell Vought\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">President\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">Donald\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">Trump\u003c/a>’s director of the Office of Management and Budget, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/russvought/status/2001099488774033692?s=20\">posted Tuesday\u003c/a> on the social media platform X that the National Science Foundation will be “breaking up” the science institution, which he called “one of the largest sources of climate alarmism in the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes as Trump clashes with Colorado Governor Jared Polis. But scientists warn that dismantling the \u003ca href=\"https://ncar.ucar.edu/who-we-are\">federally-funded science center\u003c/a> will endanger Americans even beyond the hundreds whose jobs are now at risk in Colorado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m alarmed. I’m worried. I’m upset. And I think we need to connect the dots between attacks on science and what it means to the safety of Americans,” California’s Natural Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot told CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vought said in his social media post that “any vital activities such as weather research will be moved to another entity or location.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the research fields aren’t easily disentangled, and experts say weather science can’t withstand the cuts to critical climate research. In California, weather extremes highlight the high stakes as \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2020/02/california-drought-floods-atmospheric-rivers-reservoir-management-hurricane-hunters/\">an atmospheric river storm\u003c/a> looms and the one-year anniversary of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/water-hydrant-wildfire-misinformation-ucla/\">Los Angeles’ climate-fueled catastrophic wildfires\u003c/a> approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068279\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068279\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo. on Dec. 17, 2025. \u003ccite>(Photo by RJ Sangosti, The Denver Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State climatologist Michael Anderson said that the National Center for Atmospheric Research has worked with California agencies in the past on projects to improve precipitation predictions and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/02/california-water-climate-change-snowpack/\">snowpack modeling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Losing the science center, he said, “will set the nation back in being able to respond to extreme weather events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research institution, often referred to as NCAR, is managed by a nonprofit consortium of 120 colleges and universities. It shares \u003ca href=\"https://ncar.ucar.edu/who-we-are\">tools including aircraft\u003c/a> and supercomputers, as well as expertise and research vital to understanding and predicting wildfire behavior, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-66292-9_reference.pdf\">smoke exposure\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://news.ucar.edu/133017/looking-pacific-scientists-improve-forecasts-atmospheric-rivers\">storms\u003c/a>, floods and drought — with implications for public safety, agriculture and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gutting NCAR is putting American lives and property at higher risk of fire, because we’re not going to have the information that we need in order to really understand it and address how fires are increasing in a warming world,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.colorado.edu/geography/jennifer-balch-0\">Jennifer Balch\u003c/a>, a preeminent fire scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder, whose own work has investigated California and other Western states’ increasingly devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balch spoke as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/19/weather/denver-winds-fire-colorado.html\">high fire-risk weather in December\u003c/a> forced a power shutoff to her Colorado neighborhood, leaving her family to cook their breakfast on the grill.[aside postID=science_1999616 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed.jpg']“Undercutting our science community like this is only going to hurt Americans,” Balch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/people/craig.clements/\">Craig Clements\u003c/a>, chair of the Department of Meteorology and Climate Science at San José State University, said that the next generation of scientists would lose vital training opportunities if the research center were dismantled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They get to have hands-on experience with state of the art research, aircraft, facilities and researchers,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements said he was in shock that this was even being proposed. “How are they going to do this? Is this really going to happen?” he said. “It’s going to devastate atmospheric science research worldwide — not just California, not just the U.S. It is the leading atmospheric science institution in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office called this research “life saving” in a news release Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately for the American people, Trump’s Budget Director, Russell Vought — also known as \u003ca href=\"https://mclist.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=afffa58af0d1d42fee9a20e55&id=8aed534e76&e=62dcda1138\">“a right-wing absolute zealot”\u003c/a>— is targeting the Center to line the pockets of Big Oil,” the statement said. “Despite what the Trump administration hopes, extreme weather does not take the day off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crowfoot told CalMatters that the move is just one more example of the Trump administration attacking the science that keeps Californians safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One that had us scrambling this fall was cuts to the federal funding for the \u003ca href=\"https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/california-nevada-river-forecast-center-cnrfc-hydrologic-river-and-flood-forecast-data-webpage\">California Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>,” Crowfoot said. California’s emergency \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/10/15/federal-reductions-to-critical-services-threaten-public-safety-as-flood-season-gets-underway-in-california/\">storm and flood efforts\u003c/a> rely on the forecast center to guide decisions such as where to pre-position emergency rescue teams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crowfoot said there were such large personnel cuts that the state has been racing to fill the gaps as the rainy season takes hold. Gutting the atmospheric research center, he said, will force a similar scramble as universities and others try to maintain data, tools and expertise in its absence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Federal data and science and information is critical. What we’re experiencing across the country is this alarming adjustment to the loss of this information — and it’s happening on a weekly basis,” Crowfoot said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/trump-dismantles-ncar-crowfoot-california-impacts/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> officials and researchers across the country are sounding the alarm about the Trump administration’s plans to dismember a global hub for weather, wildfire and climate science: the Colorado-based National Center for Atmospheric Research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://trumpwhitehouse.archives.gov/people/russell-vought/\">Russell Vought\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">President\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">Donald\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\">Trump\u003c/a>’s director of the Office of Management and Budget, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/russvought/status/2001099488774033692?s=20\">posted Tuesday\u003c/a> on the social media platform X that the National Science Foundation will be “breaking up” the science institution, which he called “one of the largest sources of climate alarmism in the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes as Trump clashes with Colorado Governor Jared Polis. But scientists warn that dismantling the \u003ca href=\"https://ncar.ucar.edu/who-we-are\">federally-funded science center\u003c/a> will endanger Americans even beyond the hundreds whose jobs are now at risk in Colorado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m alarmed. I’m worried. I’m upset. And I think we need to connect the dots between attacks on science and what it means to the safety of Americans,” California’s Natural Resources Secretary Wade Crowfoot told CalMatters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vought said in his social media post that “any vital activities such as weather research will be moved to another entity or location.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the research fields aren’t easily disentangled, and experts say weather science can’t withstand the cuts to critical climate research. In California, weather extremes highlight the high stakes as \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2020/02/california-drought-floods-atmospheric-rivers-reservoir-management-hurricane-hunters/\">an atmospheric river storm\u003c/a> looms and the one-year anniversary of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/water-hydrant-wildfire-misinformation-ucla/\">Los Angeles’ climate-fueled catastrophic wildfires\u003c/a> approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068279\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068279\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"682\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01.jpeg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/121725_NCAR_GETTY_CM_01-160x107.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The National Center for Atmospheric Research in Boulder, Colo. on Dec. 17, 2025. \u003ccite>(Photo by RJ Sangosti, The Denver Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State climatologist Michael Anderson said that the National Center for Atmospheric Research has worked with California agencies in the past on projects to improve precipitation predictions and \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/02/california-water-climate-change-snowpack/\">snowpack modeling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Losing the science center, he said, “will set the nation back in being able to respond to extreme weather events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research institution, often referred to as NCAR, is managed by a nonprofit consortium of 120 colleges and universities. It shares \u003ca href=\"https://ncar.ucar.edu/who-we-are\">tools including aircraft\u003c/a> and supercomputers, as well as expertise and research vital to understanding and predicting wildfire behavior, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-025-66292-9_reference.pdf\">smoke exposure\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://news.ucar.edu/133017/looking-pacific-scientists-improve-forecasts-atmospheric-rivers\">storms\u003c/a>, floods and drought — with implications for public safety, agriculture and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gutting NCAR is putting American lives and property at higher risk of fire, because we’re not going to have the information that we need in order to really understand it and address how fires are increasing in a warming world,” said \u003ca href=\"https://www.colorado.edu/geography/jennifer-balch-0\">Jennifer Balch\u003c/a>, a preeminent fire scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder, whose own work has investigated California and other Western states’ increasingly devastating wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balch spoke as \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/12/19/weather/denver-winds-fire-colorado.html\">high fire-risk weather in December\u003c/a> forced a power shutoff to her Colorado neighborhood, leaving her family to cook their breakfast on the grill.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Undercutting our science community like this is only going to hurt Americans,” Balch said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sjsu.edu/people/craig.clements/\">Craig Clements\u003c/a>, chair of the Department of Meteorology and Climate Science at San José State University, said that the next generation of scientists would lose vital training opportunities if the research center were dismantled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They get to have hands-on experience with state of the art research, aircraft, facilities and researchers,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clements said he was in shock that this was even being proposed. “How are they going to do this? Is this really going to happen?” he said. “It’s going to devastate atmospheric science research worldwide — not just California, not just the U.S. It is the leading atmospheric science institution in the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office called this research “life saving” in a news release Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unfortunately for the American people, Trump’s Budget Director, Russell Vought — also known as \u003ca href=\"https://mclist.us7.list-manage.com/track/click?u=afffa58af0d1d42fee9a20e55&id=8aed534e76&e=62dcda1138\">“a right-wing absolute zealot”\u003c/a>— is targeting the Center to line the pockets of Big Oil,” the statement said. “Despite what the Trump administration hopes, extreme weather does not take the day off.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crowfoot told CalMatters that the move is just one more example of the Trump administration attacking the science that keeps Californians safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One that had us scrambling this fall was cuts to the federal funding for the \u003ca href=\"https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/california-nevada-river-forecast-center-cnrfc-hydrologic-river-and-flood-forecast-data-webpage\">California Nevada River Forecast Center\u003c/a>,” Crowfoot said. California’s emergency \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/10/15/federal-reductions-to-critical-services-threaten-public-safety-as-flood-season-gets-underway-in-california/\">storm and flood efforts\u003c/a> rely on the forecast center to guide decisions such as where to pre-position emergency rescue teams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crowfoot said there were such large personnel cuts that the state has been racing to fill the gaps as the rainy season takes hold. Gutting the atmospheric research center, he said, will force a similar scramble as universities and others try to maintain data, tools and expertise in its absence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Federal data and science and information is critical. What we’re experiencing across the country is this alarming adjustment to the loss of this information — and it’s happening on a weekly basis,” Crowfoot said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2025/12/trump-dismantles-ncar-crowfoot-california-impacts/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "remembering-papa-northern-californias-elderly-face-hidden-epidemic-of-gun-suicides",
"title": "Remembering Papa: Northern California’s Elderly Face Hidden Epidemic of Gun Suicides",
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"headTitle": "Remembering Papa: Northern California’s Elderly Face Hidden Epidemic of Gun Suicides | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the early afternoon of her 59th birthday, Kelly Frost had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/healthnews\">sinking feeling\u003c/a> in the pit of her stomach. She had lunch with girlfriends near her home in Douglas City — a rural community nestled among the ponderosa pines of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/shasta-county\">Shasta\u003c/a>–\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942299/onetime-enemies-over-logging-are-now-a-community-to-prevent-wildfire\">Trinity National Forest\u003c/a> in Northern California. But she kept thinking about her “Daddy-o,” Jeffrey Butler, her 81-year-old father. He was not returning her calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she drove home around 4 p.m., she stopped to check in on him. Her dad lived in a two-bedroom cabin just up the road from her place. “I was kind of feeling angry with him because he hadn’t answered all day,” Frost said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she opened the door, she glanced at the “Papa chair,” his favorite recliner, the spot where she usually found him. He wasn’t there. That’s when she noticed his feet on the kitchen floor. He was slumped over on his right side, a pool of blood around his head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost’s first thought was that her dad had taken a fall. She blew an air horn that she and her dad kept around in case they ever needed help. A neighbor met her promptly, and it was he who noticed the revolver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He said, ‘No, Kel, there’s a gun on the counter,’ and then I realized that he had shot himself,” Frost said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler died on Dec. 18, 2024 from a self-inflicted gunshot to the head. His death is part of a dark reality — a public health crisis that often goes overlooked: older adults are increasingly turning to guns to end their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_38-1024x695.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>A motel in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, 5,825 adults aged 70 or older died by gun suicide between 2009 and 2023, according to mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u003ca href=\"https://datahub.thetrace.org/dataset/gun-suicides-older-americans/\">provided by the Gun Violence Data Hub\u003c/a>. The numbers are especially stark among older white men in rural areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Trinity County – population just over 15,600 – at least eight men 70 or older, including Butler, died from an apparent firearm suicide between 2020 and 2024, incident reports from the Trinity County Sheriff’s office show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trinity County isn’t alone. Rural Northern California counties have some of the nation’s highest rates of gun suicides among older adults. Over the course of 15 years, the gun suicide rate of adults 70 and older in Trinity, Tehama, Plumas, Lassen, Glenn, Calaveras, and Amador was 35.6 deaths per 100,000, more than triple the statewide rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"min-height:624px\" id=\"datawrapper-vis-lOl3X\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/lOl3X/full.png\" alt=\"Rural counties have the highest rates of suicide by firearm among seniors (Bar Chart)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Across the country, adults over 70 have the highest suicide rate of any age group. Experts say these deaths may get little attention because society empathizes with struggling older adults who want to control how their lives end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we sometimes don’t talk about them because I think people sort of brush it off as like, it’s understandable or it’s not preventable, and I think that’s the real piece of the narrative that we need to change,” said Dr. Emmy Betz, an emergency medicine doctor and a firearm injury prevention expert at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind the deaths are a number of factors, according to research and law enforcement incident reports. These include loneliness and social isolation, depression, financial struggles, illness and pain, and feeling like a burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In rural areas, easier access to guns is also a key contributor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Unresolved pain\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For more than a year before his death, Butler had been in pain. It radiated through his abdomen, making the simple act of urinating an ordeal, Frost said. Last year, in February, a CT scan revealed the problem: a crystal blockage in his urethra. He found a urologist in Redding, one county over. Each visit to the specialist required navigating the hour-long descent down Highway 299, scenic but winding. Frost drove him to the appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Bay Area native with Oklahoma roots, Butler had retired early to Trinity County, nearly 40 years ago. He had worked for large companies, including Hanes and Hostess, and done well in the stock market. Alongside the Trinity River, renowned for its steelhead trout and salmon, he bought cabins for himself and his daughter.[aside postID=news_12065708 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250325-ApartmentsonWestside-06-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s here where Frost’s kids grew up. Butler’s granddaughter Michaela Frost grew up to be a horse lover like her Papa. His grandson Jake Ritter said he could spend hours talking and fishing with his grandfather. His Papa was happiest fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the last months of his life brought Butler little joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July of 2024, Butler had surgery in Redding to remove the blockage in his urethra. But the pain and discomfort continued through the summer. In September, he was admitted for three days to the emergency room in nearby Weaverville with a severe urinary tract infection. Frost said that during this time she tried to call her dad’s urologist several times to reschedule a follow-up appointment he missed while in the hospital, but she could only reach an answering machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler’s physician assistant in Weaverville called several times too, but no luck, Frost said. The physician assistant “literally threw her hands in the air and said, ‘I can’t get any response.’” That was one of the few times Frost saw her dad cry. “My dad never cried. He was a cowboy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After his death, first responders found an undated note in Butler’s home. It began:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pain???????\u003cbr>\n!!!!!!!!!!\u003cbr>\nTo much to stand\u003cbr>\nNo Help\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-fall, the infections, desperation and heavy antibiotics use were changing her dad’s mental state, Frost said. He wasn’t interested in fishing. Or watching his 49ers. Or spending time with his wild mustang, Spade, or with the guys down at the Tangle Blue Saloon, where he would order a shot of whisky with a coke back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His cabin grew darker; he no longer drew his camo-print curtains open. Frost estimates that in the span of about a year, Butler lost almost 100 pounds, transforming him from a stout 230-pound man to a fragile version of himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_03-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>Kelly Frost and her father’s horse in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_41-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_31-1024x701.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\u003cfigcaption>\u003cstrong>First:\u003c/strong> Kelly Frost points to a photograph of her dad, Jeffrey Butler. \u003cstrong>Last:\u003c/strong> A collection of Jeffrey Butler photographs on a table at Kelly Frost’s home in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photos by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Older adults are likely to plan suicide more carefully, and their attempts are more likely to be fatal, according to the National Council on Aging. In California, older women are more likely to overdose, while most older men will use guns, according to state public health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pain and health issues are a common thread among older adults who die by gun suicide. State data show that 55% of people 70 and over who died this way had a contributing physical health problem, and 27% had a diagnosed mental health condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"datawrapper-vis-KyQjs\" style=\"min-height: 539px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/KyQjs/full.png\" alt=\"Many older adults who died by gun suicide had a contributing physical health problem (Range Plot)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Among the eight older men that died by gun suicide in Trinity County between 2020 and 2024, two struggled with respiratory conditions. One had recently discovered a bladder tumor. One man’s antidepressants were found near his body, and another had reportedly been speaking about suicide for some time but did not meet the requirements for an involuntary psychiatric hold, according to incident reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The rural divide\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Trinity County holds a deep beauty: the rush of the Trinity River, the rising fog on a chilly morning, the sprawling pines that make the rugged mountain sides their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But large supermarkets are a county over, a steep and twisty road away. And so is most of the medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_05-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>Clouds sweep the sky in Trinity County on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We have more limited access to essential services and resources compared to the rest of California,” said Cathy Tillman, a health services program manager at Trinity County Health and Human Services. “We have to travel further for all services, which plays a role in the ability for people to get their needs met.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s rural counties have more older residents: about 25% compared to the state average of around 17%, according to the SCAN Foundation, an advocacy and research organization for older adults. By 2040, the 85-and-older population in rural California is \u003ca href=\"https://www.thescanfoundation.org/resource/aging-in-rural-california-policy-brief-series-on-long-term-care-health-and-housing/\">expected to grow 50 times faster\u003c/a> than the working age population. But access to medical and social services for seniors lag significantly when compared to larger, urban regions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trinity County has one 25-bed hospital, and a handful of clinics, largely in Weaverville, the county seat. But even reaching Weaverville from other Trinity County communities could take 30 minutes to an hour. For anything more specialized, residents here usually travel an hour to Redding, or two hours for providers in Eureka and Chico. With a small population, Trinity County can’t easily support specialists — like a neurologist or urologist — setting up practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Going further for care means people often miss appointments, or delay them, and live longer with pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arina Erwin, deputy director of the county’s health and human services agency, said even some general practitioners who come to Trinity don’t stay long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Living in a small community and a frontier community can be a challenge on its own,” Erwin said. Doctors and specialists have student loans to repay, making cities where they can earn a significantly higher income seem more attractive. For years, the hospital and clinics in Trinity have \u003ca href=\"https://krcrtv.com/news/local/trinity-hospital-in-decade-long-struggle-to-hire-doctors\">reported trouble replacing retiring doctors\u003c/a>. Even virtual care here can be a challenge, because broadband is spotty, especially in pockets with only a few dozen residents, Erwin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who live in rural areas also foster a cultural barrier — a rural spirit of sorts. Tillman said they tend to be more independent, and used to doing things on their own terms; they may also be less likely to seek help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost said that sounds familiar. She saw first-hand how her proud, self-reliant, sometimes stubborn father lost his independence as the pain took hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Remembering Papa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Frost’s living room – with the sun shining through the large windows on a December afternoon – memories of Butler, called Papa by his grandkids, stirred both laughter and tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_19-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_06-1024x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\u003cfigcaption>\u003cstrong>First:\u003c/strong> A photograph of Jeffrey Butler is displayed next to holiday items at Kelly Frost’s home. \u003cstrong>Last:\u003c/strong> Jake Ritter takes a moment to remember his grandfather, Jeffrey Butler in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photos by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a kid, grandson Jake Ritter would get up before sunrise to go fishing with his Papa — sometimes begrudgingly — but by lunchtime they’d be happily eating their catch. He remembers cruising on Butler’s riding lawnmower and watching old westerns with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ritter and his sister, Michaela, loved listening to his stories, like the time he shot a bobcat as it launched toward him while he was out deer hunting. He had the bobcat stuffed to prove it. Or how, as a teen in San Pablo, Butler chased and tackled a man trying to rob the Lucky store where he worked. The family still has the news clipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaela is glad her papa got to meet her first-born, Blake, and wishes her three-month-old, Daniella, could have as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler’s suicide left his family in turmoil and with so many questions. Ritter felt angry at his papa for the way he decided to go. Why do this on his mom’s birthday? Frost often wonders: What were her dad’s last thoughts?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a suicide, families are more likely to experience a complicated grieving process, with feelings of guilt, confusion, shame, anger and trauma, research shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the year since Butler’s death, Frost’s family has largely relied on each other through their grief. Ritter said his anger at his grandfather has subsided; he is now coming to terms with his Papa’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sad that he didn’t get the help that he needed, and I’m sad that he felt so strongly that this is the road that he chose,” Ritter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost said she gave herself a year to navigate the feelings on her own, but now with the encouragement of friends is considering seeking professional help.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Warning signs and storing guns\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Trinity County, health officials are preparing to launch an injury and suicide prevention program, said Tillman, the county health services program manager. A big component of the county’s strategy will be education to help reduce the stigmas associated with suicide and mental health. Tillman said the plan is to find and train trusted messengers in the small pockets where people live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Amy Barnhorst, a psychiatrist and associate director of the \u003ca href=\"https://cvp.ucdavis.edu/\">Centers for Violence Prevention\u003c/a> at UC Davis, said that recognizing a sense of independence and self-reliance common to rural communities is essential to prevention programs. Education around safe gun storage is also key, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t discount the fact that having access to a firearm, period, all other things being equal, increases the risk that somebody will die by suicide by a factor of more than three,” Barnhorst said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She helps lead a state-funded curriculum at UC Davis called \u003ca href=\"https://www.bulletpointsproject.org/\">The BulletPoints Project\u003c/a>, which trains health providers on how to identify at-risk patients and speak to them about gun safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project also trains people applying for and renewing concealed carry weapon permits. Under state law, that category of gun owners must complete at least an hour of mental health training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course aims to help these gun owners identify a mental health crisis. People who already own guns – like Jeff Butler – never had to take a course like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Frost said she doesn’t know if her dad would have accepted mental health help. It was not something they talked about. His will to live wrestled in the words found in his house, the note she still clings closely to. It ends:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What would you do?\u003cbr>\nEnd it???\u003cbr>\nThe pain not life\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since her dad’s passing, Frost has had many sleepless nights, pondering questions and thoughts. She feels she tried her best to get him care, but wishes access had been easier. What signs did she miss? But mostly: Why hadn’t she taken away the guns?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_28-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>Kelly Frost is reflected in a mirror next to Jeffrey Butler’s fishing poles in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing up around guns, it never crossed her mind that her Daddy-o would one day turn his revolver on himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Had I known that he was capable of this, I probably would have worked a little harder to make sure that the guns were not accessible,” Frost said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Dec. 18, the one year anniversary of Butler’s death and Frost’s 60th birthday, she had a shot of Canadian whisky from the last bottle she gave him. His guns are now in a safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>If you are having suicidal thoughts, you can get help from the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline by calling 988 or visiting \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Data shared by the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://datahub.thetrace.org/dataset/gun-suicides-older-americans/\">\u003cem>Gun Violence Data Hub\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> by The Trace. Data analysis and visualizations by Natasha Uzcátegui-Liggett. Additional reporting by Aaron Mendelson. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit www.chcf.org to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2025/12/trinity-county-gun-suicide-rural/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Senior Californians in rural communities are dying by suicide at troubling rates—struggling with pain, cut off from doctors and mental health care, with guns at hand. Access to care and safety planning would help, experts say.\r\n",
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"title": "Remembering Papa: Northern California’s Elderly Face Hidden Epidemic of Gun Suicides | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By the early afternoon of her 59th birthday, Kelly Frost had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/healthnews\">sinking feeling\u003c/a> in the pit of her stomach. She had lunch with girlfriends near her home in Douglas City — a rural community nestled among the ponderosa pines of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/shasta-county\">Shasta\u003c/a>–\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942299/onetime-enemies-over-logging-are-now-a-community-to-prevent-wildfire\">Trinity National Forest\u003c/a> in Northern California. But she kept thinking about her “Daddy-o,” Jeffrey Butler, her 81-year-old father. He was not returning her calls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As she drove home around 4 p.m., she stopped to check in on him. Her dad lived in a two-bedroom cabin just up the road from her place. “I was kind of feeling angry with him because he hadn’t answered all day,” Frost said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she opened the door, she glanced at the “Papa chair,” his favorite recliner, the spot where she usually found him. He wasn’t there. That’s when she noticed his feet on the kitchen floor. He was slumped over on his right side, a pool of blood around his head.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost’s first thought was that her dad had taken a fall. She blew an air horn that she and her dad kept around in case they ever needed help. A neighbor met her promptly, and it was he who noticed the revolver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He said, ‘No, Kel, there’s a gun on the counter,’ and then I realized that he had shot himself,” Frost said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler died on Dec. 18, 2024 from a self-inflicted gunshot to the head. His death is part of a dark reality — a public health crisis that often goes overlooked: older adults are increasingly turning to guns to end their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_38-1024x695.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>A motel in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, 5,825 adults aged 70 or older died by gun suicide between 2009 and 2023, according to mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention \u003ca href=\"https://datahub.thetrace.org/dataset/gun-suicides-older-americans/\">provided by the Gun Violence Data Hub\u003c/a>. The numbers are especially stark among older white men in rural areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Trinity County – population just over 15,600 – at least eight men 70 or older, including Butler, died from an apparent firearm suicide between 2020 and 2024, incident reports from the Trinity County Sheriff’s office show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trinity County isn’t alone. Rural Northern California counties have some of the nation’s highest rates of gun suicides among older adults. Over the course of 15 years, the gun suicide rate of adults 70 and older in Trinity, Tehama, Plumas, Lassen, Glenn, Calaveras, and Amador was 35.6 deaths per 100,000, more than triple the statewide rate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"min-height:624px\" id=\"datawrapper-vis-lOl3X\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/lOl3X/full.png\" alt=\"Rural counties have the highest rates of suicide by firearm among seniors (Bar Chart)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Across the country, adults over 70 have the highest suicide rate of any age group. Experts say these deaths may get little attention because society empathizes with struggling older adults who want to control how their lives end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we sometimes don’t talk about them because I think people sort of brush it off as like, it’s understandable or it’s not preventable, and I think that’s the real piece of the narrative that we need to change,” said Dr. Emmy Betz, an emergency medicine doctor and a firearm injury prevention expert at the University of Colorado School of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behind the deaths are a number of factors, according to research and law enforcement incident reports. These include loneliness and social isolation, depression, financial struggles, illness and pain, and feeling like a burden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In rural areas, easier access to guns is also a key contributor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Unresolved pain\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For more than a year before his death, Butler had been in pain. It radiated through his abdomen, making the simple act of urinating an ordeal, Frost said. Last year, in February, a CT scan revealed the problem: a crystal blockage in his urethra. He found a urologist in Redding, one county over. Each visit to the specialist required navigating the hour-long descent down Highway 299, scenic but winding. Frost drove him to the appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Bay Area native with Oklahoma roots, Butler had retired early to Trinity County, nearly 40 years ago. He had worked for large companies, including Hanes and Hostess, and done well in the stock market. Alongside the Trinity River, renowned for its steelhead trout and salmon, he bought cabins for himself and his daughter.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s here where Frost’s kids grew up. Butler’s granddaughter Michaela Frost grew up to be a horse lover like her Papa. His grandson Jake Ritter said he could spend hours talking and fishing with his grandfather. His Papa was happiest fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the last months of his life brought Butler little joy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In July of 2024, Butler had surgery in Redding to remove the blockage in his urethra. But the pain and discomfort continued through the summer. In September, he was admitted for three days to the emergency room in nearby Weaverville with a severe urinary tract infection. Frost said that during this time she tried to call her dad’s urologist several times to reschedule a follow-up appointment he missed while in the hospital, but she could only reach an answering machine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler’s physician assistant in Weaverville called several times too, but no luck, Frost said. The physician assistant “literally threw her hands in the air and said, ‘I can’t get any response.’” That was one of the few times Frost saw her dad cry. “My dad never cried. He was a cowboy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After his death, first responders found an undated note in Butler’s home. It began:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pain???????\u003cbr>\n!!!!!!!!!!\u003cbr>\nTo much to stand\u003cbr>\nNo Help\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By mid-fall, the infections, desperation and heavy antibiotics use were changing her dad’s mental state, Frost said. He wasn’t interested in fishing. Or watching his 49ers. Or spending time with his wild mustang, Spade, or with the guys down at the Tangle Blue Saloon, where he would order a shot of whisky with a coke back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His cabin grew darker; he no longer drew his camo-print curtains open. Frost estimates that in the span of about a year, Butler lost almost 100 pounds, transforming him from a stout 230-pound man to a fragile version of himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_03-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>Kelly Frost and her father’s horse in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_41-1024x682.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_31-1024x701.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\u003cfigcaption>\u003cstrong>First:\u003c/strong> Kelly Frost points to a photograph of her dad, Jeffrey Butler. \u003cstrong>Last:\u003c/strong> A collection of Jeffrey Butler photographs on a table at Kelly Frost’s home in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photos by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Older adults are likely to plan suicide more carefully, and their attempts are more likely to be fatal, according to the National Council on Aging. In California, older women are more likely to overdose, while most older men will use guns, according to state public health data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pain and health issues are a common thread among older adults who die by gun suicide. State data show that 55% of people 70 and over who died this way had a contributing physical health problem, and 27% had a diagnosed mental health condition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv id=\"datawrapper-vis-KyQjs\" style=\"min-height: 539px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/KyQjs/full.png\" alt=\"Many older adults who died by gun suicide had a contributing physical health problem (Range Plot)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Among the eight older men that died by gun suicide in Trinity County between 2020 and 2024, two struggled with respiratory conditions. One had recently discovered a bladder tumor. One man’s antidepressants were found near his body, and another had reportedly been speaking about suicide for some time but did not meet the requirements for an involuntary psychiatric hold, according to incident reports.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The rural divide\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Trinity County holds a deep beauty: the rush of the Trinity River, the rising fog on a chilly morning, the sprawling pines that make the rugged mountain sides their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But large supermarkets are a county over, a steep and twisty road away. And so is most of the medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_05-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>Clouds sweep the sky in Trinity County on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We have more limited access to essential services and resources compared to the rest of California,” said Cathy Tillman, a health services program manager at Trinity County Health and Human Services. “We have to travel further for all services, which plays a role in the ability for people to get their needs met.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s rural counties have more older residents: about 25% compared to the state average of around 17%, according to the SCAN Foundation, an advocacy and research organization for older adults. By 2040, the 85-and-older population in rural California is \u003ca href=\"https://www.thescanfoundation.org/resource/aging-in-rural-california-policy-brief-series-on-long-term-care-health-and-housing/\">expected to grow 50 times faster\u003c/a> than the working age population. But access to medical and social services for seniors lag significantly when compared to larger, urban regions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trinity County has one 25-bed hospital, and a handful of clinics, largely in Weaverville, the county seat. But even reaching Weaverville from other Trinity County communities could take 30 minutes to an hour. For anything more specialized, residents here usually travel an hour to Redding, or two hours for providers in Eureka and Chico. With a small population, Trinity County can’t easily support specialists — like a neurologist or urologist — setting up practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Going further for care means people often miss appointments, or delay them, and live longer with pain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arina Erwin, deputy director of the county’s health and human services agency, said even some general practitioners who come to Trinity don’t stay long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Living in a small community and a frontier community can be a challenge on its own,” Erwin said. Doctors and specialists have student loans to repay, making cities where they can earn a significantly higher income seem more attractive. For years, the hospital and clinics in Trinity have \u003ca href=\"https://krcrtv.com/news/local/trinity-hospital-in-decade-long-struggle-to-hire-doctors\">reported trouble replacing retiring doctors\u003c/a>. Even virtual care here can be a challenge, because broadband is spotty, especially in pockets with only a few dozen residents, Erwin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People who live in rural areas also foster a cultural barrier — a rural spirit of sorts. Tillman said they tend to be more independent, and used to doing things on their own terms; they may also be less likely to seek help.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost said that sounds familiar. She saw first-hand how her proud, self-reliant, sometimes stubborn father lost his independence as the pain took hold.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Remembering Papa\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Frost’s living room – with the sun shining through the large windows on a December afternoon – memories of Butler, called Papa by his grandkids, stirred both laughter and tears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_19-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_06-1024x758.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\u003cfigcaption>\u003cstrong>First:\u003c/strong> A photograph of Jeffrey Butler is displayed next to holiday items at Kelly Frost’s home. \u003cstrong>Last:\u003c/strong> Jake Ritter takes a moment to remember his grandfather, Jeffrey Butler in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photos by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a kid, grandson Jake Ritter would get up before sunrise to go fishing with his Papa — sometimes begrudgingly — but by lunchtime they’d be happily eating their catch. He remembers cruising on Butler’s riding lawnmower and watching old westerns with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ritter and his sister, Michaela, loved listening to his stories, like the time he shot a bobcat as it launched toward him while he was out deer hunting. He had the bobcat stuffed to prove it. Or how, as a teen in San Pablo, Butler chased and tackled a man trying to rob the Lucky store where he worked. The family still has the news clipping.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michaela is glad her papa got to meet her first-born, Blake, and wishes her three-month-old, Daniella, could have as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Butler’s suicide left his family in turmoil and with so many questions. Ritter felt angry at his papa for the way he decided to go. Why do this on his mom’s birthday? Frost often wonders: What were her dad’s last thoughts?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a suicide, families are more likely to experience a complicated grieving process, with feelings of guilt, confusion, shame, anger and trauma, research shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the year since Butler’s death, Frost’s family has largely relied on each other through their grief. Ritter said his anger at his grandfather has subsided; he is now coming to terms with his Papa’s decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m sad that he didn’t get the help that he needed, and I’m sad that he felt so strongly that this is the road that he chose,” Ritter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Frost said she gave herself a year to navigate the feelings on her own, but now with the encouragement of friends is considering seeking professional help.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Warning signs and storing guns\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In Trinity County, health officials are preparing to launch an injury and suicide prevention program, said Tillman, the county health services program manager. A big component of the county’s strategy will be education to help reduce the stigmas associated with suicide and mental health. Tillman said the plan is to find and train trusted messengers in the small pockets where people live.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Amy Barnhorst, a psychiatrist and associate director of the \u003ca href=\"https://cvp.ucdavis.edu/\">Centers for Violence Prevention\u003c/a> at UC Davis, said that recognizing a sense of independence and self-reliance common to rural communities is essential to prevention programs. Education around safe gun storage is also key, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t discount the fact that having access to a firearm, period, all other things being equal, increases the risk that somebody will die by suicide by a factor of more than three,” Barnhorst said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She helps lead a state-funded curriculum at UC Davis called \u003ca href=\"https://www.bulletpointsproject.org/\">The BulletPoints Project\u003c/a>, which trains health providers on how to identify at-risk patients and speak to them about gun safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The project also trains people applying for and renewing concealed carry weapon permits. Under state law, that category of gun owners must complete at least an hour of mental health training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The course aims to help these gun owners identify a mental health crisis. People who already own guns – like Jeff Butler – never had to take a course like this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelly Frost said she doesn’t know if her dad would have accepted mental health help. It was not something they talked about. His will to live wrestled in the words found in his house, the note she still clings closely to. It ends:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What would you do?\u003cbr>\nEnd it???\u003cbr>\nThe pain not life\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since her dad’s passing, Frost has had many sleepless nights, pondering questions and thoughts. She feels she tried her best to get him care, but wishes access had been easier. What signs did she miss? But mostly: Why hadn’t she taken away the guns?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/120425_Trinity-Guns_SO_28-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cfigcaption>Kelly Frost is reflected in a mirror next to Jeffrey Butler’s fishing poles in Douglas City on Dec. 4, 2025. Photo by Salvador Ochoa for CalMatters\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Growing up around guns, it never crossed her mind that her Daddy-o would one day turn his revolver on himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Had I known that he was capable of this, I probably would have worked a little harder to make sure that the guns were not accessible,” Frost said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Dec. 18, the one year anniversary of Butler’s death and Frost’s 60th birthday, she had a shot of Canadian whisky from the last bottle she gave him. His guns are now in a safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>If you are having suicidal thoughts, you can get help from the National Suicide Prevention Lifeline by calling 988 or visiting \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org/\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>https://suicidepreventionlifeline.org\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Data shared by the \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://datahub.thetrace.org/dataset/gun-suicides-older-americans/\">\u003cem>Gun Violence Data Hub\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> by The Trace. Data analysis and visualizations by Natasha Uzcátegui-Liggett. Additional reporting by Aaron Mendelson. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Supported by the California Health Care Foundation (CHCF), which works to ensure that people have access to the care they need, when they need it, at a price they can afford. Visit www.chcf.org to learn more.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/2025/12/trinity-county-gun-suicide-rural/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068281/bay-area-braces-for-storm-that-could-become-a-rare-bomb-cyclone-ahead-of-holiday-travel\">series of winter storms\u003c/a> head toward the Sierra this weekend, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/forecasts/avalanche/central-sierra-nevada#/central-sierra-nevada\">an avalanche watch\u003c/a> has been issued for the region’s backcountry starting Friday and lasting into Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center has, in particular, has rated the danger for Saturday as “high,” saying that “you could easily trigger a large avalanche today if you venture into avalanche terrain.” Updates to the avalanche watch beyond Saturday morning are likely given that high danger may persist through the weekend.[aside postID=news_11937204 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/02/GettyImages-2013486739-1020x765-1.jpg']“We expect the chances for natural avalanches to decrease once the period of high intensity snowfall this morning comes to an end,” the Center wrote. “At the same time, the chance of a skier, snowboarder, or snowmobiler triggering an avalanche remains elevated all day long.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An avalanche has \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/mammoth-avalanche-injures-two-21263091.php\">already caused injuries\u003c/a> at Mammoth Mountain in the Eastern Sierras. But avalanches within resort boundaries remain incredibly rare—especially fatal ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Colorado Avalanche Information Center, which keeps \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/us\">detailed yearly records\u003c/a>, only eight people have \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/statistics-and-reporting#lg=lightbox-media-gallery-accidents-us&slide=us-fatalities-activity-decade\">died in the last decade\u003c/a> from avalanches within resort boundaries (known as “inbounds”). That’s out of the 248 who have died in total — most being people who were exploring the backcountry or ducking under barriers to go out of bounds at resorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#avalanche\">What to do if you’re caught in an avalanche\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you’re planning on heading up to the mountains this winter, keep reading for what to know about avalanches — why they happen, how to prepare for the worst, and what to do if you’re caught in an avalanche yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to be prepared for avalanches\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re venturing into the backcountry — which means beyond the boundaries of a ski resort — then you need to take \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.org/avalanche-courses/\">an avalanche safety course\u003c/a>. This will give you far more detail in understanding avalanche conditions and rescue protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re planning to stay primarily in a resort or mountain park, then you should still know the basics — many of which you can learn through the National Avalanche Center’s \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.org/avalanche-education/\">free course videos and educational materials on avalanches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important rule is not to venture into closed areas of the resort and not to “duck” under out-of-bounds ropes. Pay attention to any alerts or warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/sac-daily-flow-user-guide\">The Sierra Avalanche Center has also created a daily flow guide\u003c/a> for a simple way to understand the best practices when skiing and snowboarding in the Sierra. This includes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Skiing with other people and knowing their abilities in advance\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Knowing the conditions and avalanche risk before you go\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Having a safety and rescue plan and bringing avalanche equipment.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>How do I know what the avalanche conditions are?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Check, check, check the forecasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center, along with a number of avalanche experts and offices around the West, puts out \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/forecasts/#/central-sierra-nevada\">daily forecasts with predicted avalanche dangers\u003c/a> and conditions to watch out for. They also put out \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/state-of-the-snowpack/current\">weekly overall updates on the state of the snowpack\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/how-to-read-avalanche-advisory\">reading an avalanche advisory\u003c/a> in detail does require some background knowledge. If you plan to stay within the resorts, then the “bottom line” information (which is listed at the top) supplied in the advisory forecasts should give you the main takeaways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A good rule is to pay attention to the warning signs that an avalanche could happen when you’re out in the snow. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/sac-daily-flow-user-guide\">the Sierra Avalanche Center’s daily flow guide\u003c/a>, these include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Recent avalanche activity in the area\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Signs of instability in the snowpack\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recent “loading” (i.e., storms)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Rapid warming or weather changes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Terrain with a slope greater than 30 degrees\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Terrain or hillsides that match the advisory warnings.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do avalanches happen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/avalanche-problems\">different kinds of avalanches\u003c/a> that come with different kinds of warning signs and frequency. The two main kinds are dry-loose or sluff avalanches — which are made up of soft snow that collects as it moves — and slab avalanches, which occur when a cohesive layer of snow breaks and moves as a slab downhill. The Palisades avalanches this week were believed to be slab avalanches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/19193/the-science-of-snow\">The science of how snow layers form and break\u003c/a> is complicated, but in essence, avalanches occur when there’s a surface bed of snow at the bottom, with a weaker layer of snow on top — and then new snow on top of that weaker layer. This creates \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/anticipate-conditions\">conditions\u003c/a> where the weaker layer can collapse, and the mass of snow on top can fracture and slide. While this can happen naturally, human activity almost always triggers avalanches, causing the weaker layer to collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things that can affect the likelihood of an avalanche occurring are, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb5444915.pdf\">according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (PDF)\u003c/a>: The instability of the snowpack, the recent weather and snowfall, and the terrain. Avalanches are most likely immediately after a large storm when there has been significant snowfall. Heavy wind that quickly blows in large amounts of snow on top of an existing layer can also cause dangerous conditions. Slight melting and refreezing each night can stabilize the snowpack — but extended periods of out-of-the-ordinary weather changes can cause instability. Even whether or not a slope faces the sun, and the steepness of that slope, can affect the probability of an avalanche.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within resorts, ski patrols monitor these conditions and conduct avalanche controls — deliberately setting off small avalanches to keep the potential for larger ones from building up. In the backcountry, it’s important to be aware of all these changing variables since you won’t have ski patrols around to do it for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is avalanche equipment?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the backcountry, avalanche equipment includes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An avalanche beacon and receiver\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A probe to stick in the ground to locate someone trapped\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A shovel to dig someone out.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Many jackets and ski pants also now come with \u003ca href=\"https://recco.com/technology/\">a RECCO reflector\u003c/a> built in. This small transmitter looks like a label or tag on your coat, pants, helmet or backpack, which transmits to receivers operated by patrols or rescue crews. This is not considered a replacement for an avalanche beacon, but it can augment rescue efforts and is an easy add-on to have inbounds at a resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"avalanche\">\u003c/a>What should I do if I get caught in an avalanche?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First and foremost, try to get off the slab or out of the oncoming avalanche track. This is, of course, not always easy to accomplish since avalanches can travel between 60 mph and 80 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/FAQ\">recommends two techniques for escaping the path of an avalanche\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you’re skiing or snowboarding, try to head straight downhill to build up some speed, and then angle off to the side to get off the slab.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re snowmobiling, use the momentum and power to your advantage and continue in the direction you’re going to try to get out of dangerous snow.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The reason people die in avalanches is because the carbon dioxide in the area around their mouth, where they are buried, builds up. If they’re rescued within the first 15 minutes, there is a nearly 93% survival rate, according to stats published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/avalanche-victim-resuscitation\">the American Avalanche Association\u003c/a> — but it drops drastically with every additional minute. This is why it’s crucial to take steps to increase the likelihood that you can be found and rescued quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you get caught in an avalanche and can’t escape, you can try to grab onto a tree. But you’ll have to do this very quickly because avalanches pick up speed within seconds — and getting carried at speed into a tree or boulder is a common source of fatal trauma in an avalanche.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you can’t escape or grab onto a tree, then you need to “swim.” Because people are likely to sink in the avalanche debris, it’s important to swim hard to try and keep yourself near the surface.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Clear a space for air in front of your mouth as the avalanche slows down just before it comes to rest. This will give you slightly longer before the carbon dioxide builds up.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Push a hand up (or your best guess of what “up” is) because any clues will help people find you faster.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Remember: All of these things must be done while the debris and snow are still moving — because once the snow stops, it will instantly be too thick and heavy for you to move.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you see someone caught in an avalanche, do not try to ski or snowmobile over to them while it is occurring — no matter how strong your instinct is to reach them to help out. Instead, you are likely to get caught in the avalanche yourself. You should try to note their starting position and where they end up, and then immediately start searching for them after the avalanche stops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story, originally published in 2024, contains additional reporting by KQED’s Carly Severn and Sarah Wright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As a series of winter storms head toward the Sierra, an avalanche watch has been issued for the region's backcountry. Here's what to know about avalanche risks and your safety on the mountain.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068281/bay-area-braces-for-storm-that-could-become-a-rare-bomb-cyclone-ahead-of-holiday-travel\">series of winter storms\u003c/a> head toward the Sierra this weekend, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/forecasts/avalanche/central-sierra-nevada#/central-sierra-nevada\">an avalanche watch\u003c/a> has been issued for the region’s backcountry starting Friday and lasting into Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center has, in particular, has rated the danger for Saturday as “high,” saying that “you could easily trigger a large avalanche today if you venture into avalanche terrain.” Updates to the avalanche watch beyond Saturday morning are likely given that high danger may persist through the weekend.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We expect the chances for natural avalanches to decrease once the period of high intensity snowfall this morning comes to an end,” the Center wrote. “At the same time, the chance of a skier, snowboarder, or snowmobiler triggering an avalanche remains elevated all day long.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An avalanche has \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/mammoth-avalanche-injures-two-21263091.php\">already caused injuries\u003c/a> at Mammoth Mountain in the Eastern Sierras. But avalanches within resort boundaries remain incredibly rare—especially fatal ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Colorado Avalanche Information Center, which keeps \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/us\">detailed yearly records\u003c/a>, only eight people have \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.state.co.us/accidents/statistics-and-reporting#lg=lightbox-media-gallery-accidents-us&slide=us-fatalities-activity-decade\">died in the last decade\u003c/a> from avalanches within resort boundaries (known as “inbounds”). That’s out of the 248 who have died in total — most being people who were exploring the backcountry or ducking under barriers to go out of bounds at resorts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#avalanche\">What to do if you’re caught in an avalanche\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you’re planning on heading up to the mountains this winter, keep reading for what to know about avalanches — why they happen, how to prepare for the worst, and what to do if you’re caught in an avalanche yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How to be prepared for avalanches\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re venturing into the backcountry — which means beyond the boundaries of a ski resort — then you need to take \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.org/avalanche-courses/\">an avalanche safety course\u003c/a>. This will give you far more detail in understanding avalanche conditions and rescue protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re planning to stay primarily in a resort or mountain park, then you should still know the basics — many of which you can learn through the National Avalanche Center’s \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.org/avalanche-education/\">free course videos and educational materials on avalanches\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most important rule is not to venture into closed areas of the resort and not to “duck” under out-of-bounds ropes. Pay attention to any alerts or warnings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/sac-daily-flow-user-guide\">The Sierra Avalanche Center has also created a daily flow guide\u003c/a> for a simple way to understand the best practices when skiing and snowboarding in the Sierra. This includes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Skiing with other people and knowing their abilities in advance\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Knowing the conditions and avalanche risk before you go\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Having a safety and rescue plan and bringing avalanche equipment.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>How do I know what the avalanche conditions are?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Check, check, check the forecasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center, along with a number of avalanche experts and offices around the West, puts out \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/forecasts/#/central-sierra-nevada\">daily forecasts with predicted avalanche dangers\u003c/a> and conditions to watch out for. They also put out \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/state-of-the-snowpack/current\">weekly overall updates on the state of the snowpack\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/how-to-read-avalanche-advisory\">reading an avalanche advisory\u003c/a> in detail does require some background knowledge. If you plan to stay within the resorts, then the “bottom line” information (which is listed at the top) supplied in the advisory forecasts should give you the main takeaways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A good rule is to pay attention to the warning signs that an avalanche could happen when you’re out in the snow. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/sac-daily-flow-user-guide\">the Sierra Avalanche Center’s daily flow guide\u003c/a>, these include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Recent avalanche activity in the area\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Signs of instability in the snowpack\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recent “loading” (i.e., storms)\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Rapid warming or weather changes\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Terrain with a slope greater than 30 degrees\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Terrain or hillsides that match the advisory warnings.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do avalanches happen?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/avalanche-problems\">different kinds of avalanches\u003c/a> that come with different kinds of warning signs and frequency. The two main kinds are dry-loose or sluff avalanches — which are made up of soft snow that collects as it moves — and slab avalanches, which occur when a cohesive layer of snow breaks and moves as a slab downhill. The Palisades avalanches this week were believed to be slab avalanches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/19193/the-science-of-snow\">The science of how snow layers form and break\u003c/a> is complicated, but in essence, avalanches occur when there’s a surface bed of snow at the bottom, with a weaker layer of snow on top — and then new snow on top of that weaker layer. This creates \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/anticipate-conditions\">conditions\u003c/a> where the weaker layer can collapse, and the mass of snow on top can fracture and slide. While this can happen naturally, human activity almost always triggers avalanches, causing the weaker layer to collapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Things that can affect the likelihood of an avalanche occurring are, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fs.usda.gov/Internet/FSE_DOCUMENTS/stelprdb5444915.pdf\">according to the National Snow and Ice Data Center (PDF)\u003c/a>: The instability of the snowpack, the recent weather and snowfall, and the terrain. Avalanches are most likely immediately after a large storm when there has been significant snowfall. Heavy wind that quickly blows in large amounts of snow on top of an existing layer can also cause dangerous conditions. Slight melting and refreezing each night can stabilize the snowpack — but extended periods of out-of-the-ordinary weather changes can cause instability. Even whether or not a slope faces the sun, and the steepness of that slope, can affect the probability of an avalanche.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within resorts, ski patrols monitor these conditions and conduct avalanche controls — deliberately setting off small avalanches to keep the potential for larger ones from building up. In the backcountry, it’s important to be aware of all these changing variables since you won’t have ski patrols around to do it for you.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is avalanche equipment?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the backcountry, avalanche equipment includes:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>An avalanche beacon and receiver\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A probe to stick in the ground to locate someone trapped\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>A shovel to dig someone out.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Many jackets and ski pants also now come with \u003ca href=\"https://recco.com/technology/\">a RECCO reflector\u003c/a> built in. This small transmitter looks like a label or tag on your coat, pants, helmet or backpack, which transmits to receivers operated by patrols or rescue crews. This is not considered a replacement for an avalanche beacon, but it can augment rescue efforts and is an easy add-on to have inbounds at a resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"avalanche\">\u003c/a>What should I do if I get caught in an avalanche?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First and foremost, try to get off the slab or out of the oncoming avalanche track. This is, of course, not always easy to accomplish since avalanches can travel between 60 mph and 80 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/FAQ\">recommends two techniques for escaping the path of an avalanche\u003c/a>:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you’re skiing or snowboarding, try to head straight downhill to build up some speed, and then angle off to the side to get off the slab.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you’re snowmobiling, use the momentum and power to your advantage and continue in the direction you’re going to try to get out of dangerous snow.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>The reason people die in avalanches is because the carbon dioxide in the area around their mouth, where they are buried, builds up. If they’re rescued within the first 15 minutes, there is a nearly 93% survival rate, according to stats published by \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraavalanchecenter.org/avalanche-victim-resuscitation\">the American Avalanche Association\u003c/a> — but it drops drastically with every additional minute. This is why it’s crucial to take steps to increase the likelihood that you can be found and rescued quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you get caught in an avalanche and can’t escape, you can try to grab onto a tree. But you’ll have to do this very quickly because avalanches pick up speed within seconds — and getting carried at speed into a tree or boulder is a common source of fatal trauma in an avalanche.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>If you can’t escape or grab onto a tree, then you need to “swim.” Because people are likely to sink in the avalanche debris, it’s important to swim hard to try and keep yourself near the surface.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Clear a space for air in front of your mouth as the avalanche slows down just before it comes to rest. This will give you slightly longer before the carbon dioxide builds up.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Push a hand up (or your best guess of what “up” is) because any clues will help people find you faster.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Remember: All of these things must be done while the debris and snow are still moving — because once the snow stops, it will instantly be too thick and heavy for you to move.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>If you see someone caught in an avalanche, do not try to ski or snowmobile over to them while it is occurring — no matter how strong your instinct is to reach them to help out. Instead, you are likely to get caught in the avalanche yourself. You should try to note their starting position and where they end up, and then immediately start searching for them after the avalanche stops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story, originally published in 2024, contains additional reporting by KQED’s Carly Severn and Sarah Wright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>With just weeks to go before the Tournament of Roses Parade, the noise level — and stress level — were rising at a warehouse in the foothill town of Sierra Madre, just north of Pasadena.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I woke up and I was like, in panic mode,” florist and longtime Sierra Madre Rose Float Association volunteer Ann McKenzie said. “(From now) until Jan. 2nd, our world is totally absorbed. We’re in a float-driven world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKenzie is part of the small, core group of year-round volunteer float builders. As lead florist and project coordinator, her job is arguably one of the most important: overseeing the float’s overall floral design and purchasing all of the flowers that will carpet its massive 53-foot long frame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this afternoon, amid a din of welding torches, electric saws and booming classic rock music, McKenzie and other volunteers haggled over those design ideas, crunching the numbers on flower purchases and crunching peanut shells for use on the float.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068256\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_3025-scaled-e1766436157234.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068256\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_3025-scaled-e1766436157234.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the middle of the wide float deck sits a life-sized, replica firetruck built from scrap wood and metal. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of the more than three dozen floats covered in flowers that’ll be rolling through the city of Pasadena on New Years Day, only five are built by community groups like Sierra Madre. They’ve been building floats for the parade for 108 years, and this year’s theme is special: the float celebrates first responders and the role they played in protecting Sierra Madre from January’s deadly Eaton Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The theme this year is the magic in teamwork and that encapsulates exactly what we are, because we are volunteer run and donation driven,” said the association’s social media chief, and volunteer coordinator Hannah Jungbauer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are one of the towns that lost houses during the Eaton Canyon fire, and this is a nod and homage to the brave people that helped put out those fires,” Jungbauer said, adding that the crew is walking a fine line between whimsy and respectful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this summer, the float was still just a raw skeleton of steel rebar, wire meshing and wood framing. But by early December, playfully surreal imagery began to emerge.[aside postID=news_12043312 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/CLAIRE-SCHWARTZ-L-AND-NINA-RAJ-WITH-A-CHILD_S-DRAWING-RECOVERED-BY-RAJ-AFTER-THE-EATON-FIRE-KQED-1020x765.jpg']On one end of the float, there’s a 9-foot maple syrup bottle with a firehose attached to the top. On the other end, a butter dish the size of a Mini Cooper and a 9-foot stack of pancakes. McKenzie said the faux flapjacks will be sprayed in a flowered shower of faux pancake syrup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As it’s pouring out, it becomes floral and it becomes chocolate roses, coffee break roses and different types of mum [flowers]‘s and it’s just kind of flowing over the side,” McKenzie explained. “It’s going to be really beautiful syrup, it’s going to be a lot!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the middle of the wide float deck sits a life-sized, replica firetruck built from scrap wood and metal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody knows the firehouse pancake breakfast and it’s always a positive fun event,” lead builder Kurt Kulhavy said. We were able to acknowledge our firefighters [with this design] and do it in a very positive and fun way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also going to be completely dismantled shortly after the float’s big day on New Year’s morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell people it’s the biggest piñata you’ll ever build, that] needs to last for a day,” Kulhavy said. “We tear it down every year! The Rose Parade is the Olympics of float building.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the only parts not scrapped or sold off each year are the float’s engine and chassis. This year’s version is also a bit more ambitious in size and scope than in years past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068258\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_2881-scaled-e1766436574141.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_2881-scaled-e1766436574141.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068258\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The vision for the final product of Sierra Madre’s Rose Parade Float. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jungbauer says that means more flowers, more flax seeds and other organic materials used to cover and colorize the float. Everything parade watchers see on New Year’s Day should be edible, otherwise you’ll get dinged by Rose Committee judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you can see it on a float, you can eat it. If it’s not a fresh floral, you can eat it,” explained Jungbauer. “It will be sushi paper for eyeballs, rice with a nice pearlescent to emulate plastic, or it will be silver leaf that we’re cutting up to show chrome. Everything must be 100% covered in organic material, be it dried or alive,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Trump administration tariffs leading to spikes in the cost of rose float building essentials like flowers and steel, that’s led to some creative short-cutting. Sierra Madre often trades flowers, scrap wood or other materials with the handful of DIY, volunteer-driven float builders, like the nearby communities of South Pasadena and La Cañada-Flintridge, none of whom have corporate funding or sponsorships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some organizations have endowments that fund them, some have city funding, we don’t have any of that,” Kulhavy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said commercially built Rose Parade floats probably cost around $400,000. He’s heard of other makers scraping pennies together to complete a build for around $120,000.[aside postID=news_12033286 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/20250312_Stay-Behinds_JB_00010-1020x680.jpg']“We do ours for like $50,000. And so, you use building techniques which are very efficient, (but) still have to hold up,” Kulhavy explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[We] still have to get through the parade, still have to pass all the safety inspections. We get very lean on our materials to make it hold up well, but no extra,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Kulhavy’s trusted mechanics is Justin Roberts. At 19 years old, Roberts is already a float building veteran. His grandparents, who were also volunteer float builders, brought him to the Sierra Madre warehouse as a toddler. Soon enough, he began doing odd jobs like sweeping up the warehouse. This year he’s not only helping build the float from the bottom up, he’s also the co-driver on parade day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts says he’s grown accustomed to working on the float through New Year’s Eve and into the wee hours of New Year’s Day, until it’s nearly time to embark on the 5-mile Rose Parade route. Then he’d go home, catch a few hours of shuteye, and watch the parade on TV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen it in person,” Roberts said. “It’s going to be awesome. You see the crowd along Colorado Boulevard, you know, a lot of people come from far away to see the Rose Parade.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And given the theme of Sierra Madre’s float this year, Roberts is an inspired choice to take the wheel as co-driver. He’s studying to become a California wildland firefighter, and hopes to begin his career next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McKenzie is part of the small, core group of year-round volunteer float builders. As lead florist and project coordinator, her job is arguably one of the most important: overseeing the float’s overall floral design and purchasing all of the flowers that will carpet its massive 53-foot long frame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On this afternoon, amid a din of welding torches, electric saws and booming classic rock music, McKenzie and other volunteers haggled over those design ideas, crunching the numbers on flower purchases and crunching peanut shells for use on the float.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068256\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_3025-scaled-e1766436157234.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068256\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_3025-scaled-e1766436157234.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the middle of the wide float deck sits a life-sized, replica firetruck built from scrap wood and metal. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Of the more than three dozen floats covered in flowers that’ll be rolling through the city of Pasadena on New Years Day, only five are built by community groups like Sierra Madre. They’ve been building floats for the parade for 108 years, and this year’s theme is special: the float celebrates first responders and the role they played in protecting Sierra Madre from January’s deadly Eaton Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The theme this year is the magic in teamwork and that encapsulates exactly what we are, because we are volunteer run and donation driven,” said the association’s social media chief, and volunteer coordinator Hannah Jungbauer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are one of the towns that lost houses during the Eaton Canyon fire, and this is a nod and homage to the brave people that helped put out those fires,” Jungbauer said, adding that the crew is walking a fine line between whimsy and respectful.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this summer, the float was still just a raw skeleton of steel rebar, wire meshing and wood framing. But by early December, playfully surreal imagery began to emerge.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On one end of the float, there’s a 9-foot maple syrup bottle with a firehose attached to the top. On the other end, a butter dish the size of a Mini Cooper and a 9-foot stack of pancakes. McKenzie said the faux flapjacks will be sprayed in a flowered shower of faux pancake syrup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As it’s pouring out, it becomes floral and it becomes chocolate roses, coffee break roses and different types of mum [flowers]‘s and it’s just kind of flowing over the side,” McKenzie explained. “It’s going to be really beautiful syrup, it’s going to be a lot!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the middle of the wide float deck sits a life-sized, replica firetruck built from scrap wood and metal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everybody knows the firehouse pancake breakfast and it’s always a positive fun event,” lead builder Kurt Kulhavy said. We were able to acknowledge our firefighters [with this design] and do it in a very positive and fun way.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also going to be completely dismantled shortly after the float’s big day on New Year’s morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell people it’s the biggest piñata you’ll ever build, that] needs to last for a day,” Kulhavy said. “We tear it down every year! The Rose Parade is the Olympics of float building.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the only parts not scrapped or sold off each year are the float’s engine and chassis. This year’s version is also a bit more ambitious in size and scope than in years past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068258\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_2881-scaled-e1766436574141.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/IMG_2881-scaled-e1766436574141.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068258\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The vision for the final product of Sierra Madre’s Rose Parade Float. \u003ccite>(Steven Cuevas/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jungbauer says that means more flowers, more flax seeds and other organic materials used to cover and colorize the float. Everything parade watchers see on New Year’s Day should be edible, otherwise you’ll get dinged by Rose Committee judges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you can see it on a float, you can eat it. If it’s not a fresh floral, you can eat it,” explained Jungbauer. “It will be sushi paper for eyeballs, rice with a nice pearlescent to emulate plastic, or it will be silver leaf that we’re cutting up to show chrome. Everything must be 100% covered in organic material, be it dried or alive,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Trump administration tariffs leading to spikes in the cost of rose float building essentials like flowers and steel, that’s led to some creative short-cutting. Sierra Madre often trades flowers, scrap wood or other materials with the handful of DIY, volunteer-driven float builders, like the nearby communities of South Pasadena and La Cañada-Flintridge, none of whom have corporate funding or sponsorships.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some organizations have endowments that fund them, some have city funding, we don’t have any of that,” Kulhavy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said commercially built Rose Parade floats probably cost around $400,000. He’s heard of other makers scraping pennies together to complete a build for around $120,000.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We do ours for like $50,000. And so, you use building techniques which are very efficient, (but) still have to hold up,” Kulhavy explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[We] still have to get through the parade, still have to pass all the safety inspections. We get very lean on our materials to make it hold up well, but no extra,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Kulhavy’s trusted mechanics is Justin Roberts. At 19 years old, Roberts is already a float building veteran. His grandparents, who were also volunteer float builders, brought him to the Sierra Madre warehouse as a toddler. Soon enough, he began doing odd jobs like sweeping up the warehouse. This year he’s not only helping build the float from the bottom up, he’s also the co-driver on parade day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts says he’s grown accustomed to working on the float through New Year’s Eve and into the wee hours of New Year’s Day, until it’s nearly time to embark on the 5-mile Rose Parade route. Then he’d go home, catch a few hours of shuteye, and watch the parade on TV.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve never seen it in person,” Roberts said. “It’s going to be awesome. You see the crowd along Colorado Boulevard, you know, a lot of people come from far away to see the Rose Parade.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And given the theme of Sierra Madre’s float this year, Roberts is an inspired choice to take the wheel as co-driver. He’s studying to become a California wildland firefighter, and hopes to begin his career next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-is-banning-masks-for-federal-agents-heres-why-it-could-lose-in-court",
"title": "California Is Banning Masks for Federal Agents. Here’s Why It Could Lose in Court",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">immigration\u003c/a> raids across California in 2025 had one thing in common: Most of the federal agents detaining people wore \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058936/masking-bill-fuels-california-legal-battle-over-federal-immigration-agents\">masks over their faces\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the state of California and its largest county will ban law enforcement officers from covering their faces, with a few exceptions, putting local and state police at odds with masked immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb627\">The state law\u003c/a> gives law enforcement officers a choice: If they cover their faces, they lose the ability to assert \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/civil-and-criminal-justice/qualified-immunity\">“qualified immunity,”\u003c/a> the doctrine that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/mental-health/2025/04/mental-health-crisis-california-police-response/\">protects officers from individual liability\u003c/a> for their actions. That means they can be sued for assault, battery, false imprisonment, false arrest or malicious prosecution, and the law adds a clause that says the minimum penalty for committing those offenses while wearing a mask is $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Mark Gonzalez, a Los Angeles Democrat who co-authored the law, said it was necessary to rein in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/investigation/2025/06/taken-la-immigration-raids/\">anonymous federal agents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We initially were under the understanding that, oh, they’re only targeting folks who were not citizens,” Gonzalez said, “And then actually over time you learn they don’t give a shit who you are, they’re attacking you no matter what, with no due process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has sued to block the bill, and more than a century of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2025/09/mask-ban-federal-officers-california/\">federal court precedent\u003c/a> is on its side. \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/135us1\">An 1890 Supreme Court case\u003c/a> provides that a state cannot prosecute a federal law enforcement officer acting in the course of their duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration said \u003ca href=\"https://links-1.govdelivery.com/CL0/https:%2F%2Fwww.justice.gov%2Fopa%2Fmedia%2F1418431%2Fdl%3Finline=%26utm_medium=email%26utm_source=govdelivery/1/0100019a93783d3d-9559745b-a3dc-401e-9cc7-fbdee5f65b6a-000000/DgJjMUNPrkbbqE3CaIT2ozxz1kZf0eAnTvS70XOg80Q=431\">in its brief\u003c/a> to the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California that forcing agents to reveal their identities would put the agents at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Immigration and Customs Enforcement “actions, individuals can be heard threatening to doxx and find out who officers and their family members are and where they live,” the administration’s lawyers said in the Nov. 17 brief. “There are even public websites that seek and publish personal information about ICE and other federal officers to harass and threaten them and their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID=news_12064511 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251118_SKYLINE_WALKOUT_GH-18-KQED.jpg']Erwin Chemerinsky, dean of the UC Berkeley School of Law, said the issue may not be as cut-and-dried as one or two Supreme Court cases. He pointed to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/06/us/fbi-agent-can-be-charged-in-idaho-siege-court-rules.html\">2001 9th Circuit Court of Appeals decision\u003c/a> that allowed the case of a federal sniper who killed a woman during the 1992 Ruby Ridge, Idaho, standoff to go to trial.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It basically says that a federal officer can be criminally prosecuted for unreasonable actions,” Chemerinsky said. “Federal officers, by virtue of being federal officers, do not get immunity from all state civil and criminal laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Marvel, president of an organization that represents California police unions, said the law will make life harder for local cops and county sheriffs’ deputies. The organizations that represent police chiefs, sheriffs, agents in the Attorney General’s office and California Highway Patrol officers opposed the law, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that the state has put us in a tenuous position with this battle they’re having with the Trump administration,” said Marvel of the Peace Officers Research Association of California. “We don’t want to be in the middle of this fight. But unfortunately, (with) the desire for higher name recognition and elections in 2026, they decided to create things that are much more political and not geared toward legitimate public safety issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marvel said another drawback of the law is giving “a false sense of hope to the immigrant community in California” that the law will force federal agents to leave the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County supervisors have also \u003ca href=\"https://boyleheightsbeat.com/ice-banned-from-wearing-masks-in-unincorporated-l-a-county/\">approved a local mask ban\u003c/a> on law enforcement for unincorporated areas of the county, a measure that will go into effect in mid-January, unless a court decision comes sooner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez noted that masks have played a significant role in recent California history. First,, during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2020/06/gavin-newsom-face-masks-california/\">California temporarily made masks mandatory\u003c/a> in public and at work. Then, a couple of years later, a rush of smash-and-grab robberies were harder to solve because \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/post/los-angeles-northridge-smash-and-grab-surveillance-video/13396886/\">the suspects all wore masks\u003c/a>. Now, California finds itself in its third back-and-forth over face coverings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law provides exemptions for N-95 or medical-grade masks to prevent infection transmission, and permits undercover operatives to wear a mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is specifically aimed to federal agents because we gotta combat these kidnappings somehow,” Gonzalez said, “and this was our way in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/12/immigration-mask-ban-new-law/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Trump administration is suing to block a new California law that would ban federal law enforcement officers from wearings masks on duty. It was shaped by concerns over masked immigration agents in Los Angeles.\r\n\r\n\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A series of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">immigration\u003c/a> raids across California in 2025 had one thing in common: Most of the federal agents detaining people wore \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058936/masking-bill-fuels-california-legal-battle-over-federal-immigration-agents\">masks over their faces\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, the state of California and its largest county will ban law enforcement officers from covering their faces, with a few exceptions, putting local and state police at odds with masked immigration agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb627\">The state law\u003c/a> gives law enforcement officers a choice: If they cover their faces, they lose the ability to assert \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncsl.org/civil-and-criminal-justice/qualified-immunity\">“qualified immunity,”\u003c/a> the doctrine that \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/mental-health/2025/04/mental-health-crisis-california-police-response/\">protects officers from individual liability\u003c/a> for their actions. That means they can be sued for assault, battery, false imprisonment, false arrest or malicious prosecution, and the law adds a clause that says the minimum penalty for committing those offenses while wearing a mask is $10,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Mark Gonzalez, a Los Angeles Democrat who co-authored the law, said it was necessary to rein in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/investigation/2025/06/taken-la-immigration-raids/\">anonymous federal agents\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We initially were under the understanding that, oh, they’re only targeting folks who were not citizens,” Gonzalez said, “And then actually over time you learn they don’t give a shit who you are, they’re attacking you no matter what, with no due process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has sued to block the bill, and more than a century of \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2025/09/mask-ban-federal-officers-california/\">federal court precedent\u003c/a> is on its side. \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/cases/1850-1900/135us1\">An 1890 Supreme Court case\u003c/a> provides that a state cannot prosecute a federal law enforcement officer acting in the course of their duties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration said \u003ca href=\"https://links-1.govdelivery.com/CL0/https:%2F%2Fwww.justice.gov%2Fopa%2Fmedia%2F1418431%2Fdl%3Finline=%26utm_medium=email%26utm_source=govdelivery/1/0100019a93783d3d-9559745b-a3dc-401e-9cc7-fbdee5f65b6a-000000/DgJjMUNPrkbbqE3CaIT2ozxz1kZf0eAnTvS70XOg80Q=431\">in its brief\u003c/a> to the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California that forcing agents to reveal their identities would put the agents at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Immigration and Customs Enforcement “actions, individuals can be heard threatening to doxx and find out who officers and their family members are and where they live,” the administration’s lawyers said in the Nov. 17 brief. “There are even public websites that seek and publish personal information about ICE and other federal officers to harass and threaten them and their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Erwin Chemerinsky, dean of the UC Berkeley School of Law, said the issue may not be as cut-and-dried as one or two Supreme Court cases. He pointed to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2001/06/06/us/fbi-agent-can-be-charged-in-idaho-siege-court-rules.html\">2001 9th Circuit Court of Appeals decision\u003c/a> that allowed the case of a federal sniper who killed a woman during the 1992 Ruby Ridge, Idaho, standoff to go to trial.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It basically says that a federal officer can be criminally prosecuted for unreasonable actions,” Chemerinsky said. “Federal officers, by virtue of being federal officers, do not get immunity from all state civil and criminal laws.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Marvel, president of an organization that represents California police unions, said the law will make life harder for local cops and county sheriffs’ deputies. The organizations that represent police chiefs, sheriffs, agents in the Attorney General’s office and California Highway Patrol officers opposed the law, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that the state has put us in a tenuous position with this battle they’re having with the Trump administration,” said Marvel of the Peace Officers Research Association of California. “We don’t want to be in the middle of this fight. But unfortunately, (with) the desire for higher name recognition and elections in 2026, they decided to create things that are much more political and not geared toward legitimate public safety issues.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marvel said another drawback of the law is giving “a false sense of hope to the immigrant community in California” that the law will force federal agents to leave the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County supervisors have also \u003ca href=\"https://boyleheightsbeat.com/ice-banned-from-wearing-masks-in-unincorporated-l-a-county/\">approved a local mask ban\u003c/a> on law enforcement for unincorporated areas of the county, a measure that will go into effect in mid-January, unless a court decision comes sooner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gonzalez noted that masks have played a significant role in recent California history. First,, during the pandemic \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/newsletters/whatmatters/2020/06/gavin-newsom-face-masks-california/\">California temporarily made masks mandatory\u003c/a> in public and at work. Then, a couple of years later, a rush of smash-and-grab robberies were harder to solve because \u003ca href=\"https://abc7.com/post/los-angeles-northridge-smash-and-grab-surveillance-video/13396886/\">the suspects all wore masks\u003c/a>. Now, California finds itself in its third back-and-forth over face coverings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law provides exemptions for N-95 or medical-grade masks to prevent infection transmission, and permits undercover operatives to wear a mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is specifically aimed to federal agents because we gotta combat these kidnappings somehow,” Gonzalez said, “and this was our way in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/12/immigration-mask-ban-new-law/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>State Sen. Scott Wiener renewed calls for Bay Area cities like San Francisco to break away from PG&E Monday, citing repeated failures to maintain its infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“PG&E is way too big and we’re putting together legislation for next year to authorize San Francisco and other cities to break away,” the San Francisco Democrat told KQED. “We’ve had enough.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The criticism came after a fire at one of PG&E’s substations on 8th and Mission left \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068177/pge-outage-leaves-130000-across-san-francisco-without-power\">130,000 customers and businesses without power over the weekend,\u003c/a> just as the city geared up for the holiday season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting a previous incident at the same location, Wiener criticized the utility for putting shareholder interest over public good and said PG&E should be financially accountable for the economic harm caused. Five years ago, the lawmaker proposed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge\">turning PG&E into a publicly owned utility\u003c/a>, after faulty wires caused deadly wildfires in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking Monday outside the affected substation, PG&E CEO Sumeet Singh acknowledged customer frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068292\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068292\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E CEO Sumeet Singh speaks during a press conference at a PG&E substation on Mission and 8th Streets in San Francisco on Dec. 22, 2025, after a fire at the site over the weekend contributed to a major citywide power outage.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You can see the men and women behind me. They have put their blood, sweat, equity and tears since the incident happened working around the clock to make sure we restore every single customer. I can appreciate [their] anger… and we’re doing everything that we can to restore everyone as safely and as quickly as possible,” said Singh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh estimated that power would be restored to 96% of affected customers by 2 p.m. Monday afternoon, and added that the company is working on a process to expedite claims for lost food and merchandise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the press conference at the substation, crews were seen wheeling in giant rolls of new cables intended to divert energy around damaged lines that they said could take weeks to repair. One workman, who said he was first on site after the fire, told KQED he had been working nonstop, having slept only a couple of hours each night since the outage began. Bob Dean, Business Manager of IBEW Local 1245, praised PG&E workers for their dedication under difficult conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday evening, Mayor Daniel Lurie highlighted the city’s emergency response, noting that fire, police and public works teams worked overnight to keep residents safe and steer them toward charging stations, snacks and temporary shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our city really stood together,” said Lurie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is investigating the outage to determine the cause and assess PG&E’s responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noting a previous incident at the same location, Wiener criticized the utility for putting shareholder interest over public good and said PG&E should be financially accountable for the economic harm caused. Five years ago, the lawmaker proposed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11799335/state-senator-introduces-plan-for-california-to-takeover-pge\">turning PG&E into a publicly owned utility\u003c/a>, after faulty wires caused deadly wildfires in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking Monday outside the affected substation, PG&E CEO Sumeet Singh acknowledged customer frustrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068292\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068292\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/12/251222-PGEUpdates-14-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E CEO Sumeet Singh speaks during a press conference at a PG&E substation on Mission and 8th Streets in San Francisco on Dec. 22, 2025, after a fire at the site over the weekend contributed to a major citywide power outage.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You can see the men and women behind me. They have put their blood, sweat, equity and tears since the incident happened working around the clock to make sure we restore every single customer. I can appreciate [their] anger… and we’re doing everything that we can to restore everyone as safely and as quickly as possible,” said Singh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh estimated that power would be restored to 96% of affected customers by 2 p.m. Monday afternoon, and added that the company is working on a process to expedite claims for lost food and merchandise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the press conference at the substation, crews were seen wheeling in giant rolls of new cables intended to divert energy around damaged lines that they said could take weeks to repair. One workman, who said he was first on site after the fire, told KQED he had been working nonstop, having slept only a couple of hours each night since the outage began. Bob Dean, Business Manager of IBEW Local 1245, praised PG&E workers for their dedication under difficult conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday evening, Mayor Daniel Lurie highlighted the city’s emergency response, noting that fire, police and public works teams worked overnight to keep residents safe and steer them toward charging stations, snacks and temporary shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our city really stood together,” said Lurie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is investigating the outage to determine the cause and assess PG&E’s responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
"airtime": "SUN 9pm-10pm",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
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},
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"
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},
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"
}
},
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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},
"freakonomics-radio": {
"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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"id": "here-and-now",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"
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},
"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
"imageAlt": "KQED Hyphenación",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
"meta": {
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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"amazon": "https://music.amazon.com/podcasts/6c3dd23c-93fb-4aab-97ba-1725fa6315f1/hyphenaci%C3%B3n",
"rss": "https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC2275451163"
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast",
"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
}
},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/Perspectives_Tile_Final.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135",
"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"
}
},
"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
"airtime": "SUN 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/sections/money/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"
}
},
"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Political Breakdown",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "kqed",
"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5Nzk2MzI2MTEx",
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