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Thousands \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-gaza-hamas-war-781b3c63af4ae6e51c313a68f314e66d\">more Palestinians have been wounded and displaced during Israeli air raids\u003c/a> — with \u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/22/israeli-air-raids-kill-at-least-55-in-gaza-overnight-hamas-says#:~:text=Israeli%20air%20raids%20have%20damaged,time%20in%20nearly%20a%20decade.\">strikes destroying 40% of Gaza’s housing\u003c/a>, according to the United Nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/24/middleeast/gaza-water-war-climate-intl-cmd/index.html%20--%20which%20also%20speaks%20to\">Israel also sealed off Gaza for over a week\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/16/1206256497/the-latest-in-gaza-as-power-drinking-water-and-medical-supplies-are-running-out\">halting the entry of food, water, medicine and fuel\u003c/a>. Israel recently allowed 20 trucks to enter Palestine carrying aid — \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/trucks-enter-gaza-carrying-medical-supplies-food-hamas-2023-10-21/\">a vast reduction from the hundreds of trucks usually entering Palestine daily\u003c/a>. [aside label='More on Creating Healthy Dialogue with Your Kids' link1='https://www.npr.org/2019/04/24/716704917/when-the-news-is-scary-what-to-say-to-kids, What to Say to Kids When the News is Scary']The population in Gaza is among the youngest in the world, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/19/1206479861/israel-gaza-hamas-children-population-war-palestinians\">with nearly half of the people living there under the age of 18\u003c/a>. A 2021 study showed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/18/1206897328/half-of-gazas-population-is-under-18-heres-what-that-means-for-the-conflict\">91% of children in the Gaza Strip have post-traumatic stress disorder\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With how connected our world is, it is likely your child in the United States has seen the images and videos coming out of Gaza on the Internet or on TV — which sometimes directly show other young people in distress. The devastation can be difficult to explain to children, who may struggle to comprehend the deaths and political conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilit Kletter is a child psychologist at Stanford Medicine and \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/hilit-kletter\">the director of the Stress and Resilience Clinic\u003c/a>. KQED’s Brian Watt spoke to Kletter about how parents and caregivers can approach these tough conversations with children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: How is speaking with kids about this violence in Gaza different from talking to children about other types of violence? For example, mass shootings here in the United States? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilit Kletter: It’s not much different. The content and the idea is similar. The only difference might be that, unfortunately, shootings are something that we hear about more commonly here in the States. And war might be a more foreign concept, especially for younger children having a difficult time grasping that the war is not happening \u003cem>here\u003c/em> but is happening somewhere far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But shootings also seem more random, even if they are somewhat commonplace, unfortunately, in the United States … and to have less context around them than war, for example. Is there any difference there in how kids process that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within the U.S., unfortunately, it’s become commonplace because of the frequency and increase of mass shootings that a lot of the schools now have drills for it. Some kids have experienced lockdowns in their school — so they do have awareness. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hilit Kletter, child psychologist, Stanford Medicine\"]‘It’s inevitable that your child may hear something about it, whether at school, through their friends, through other adults talking about it.’[/pullquote]The concept of war is a little bit more difficult to explain: What that \u003cem>is\u003c/em>, and — for especially younger individuals — to grasp the abstract idea behind it of what causes war and “Why are two sides fighting?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And you cannot explain it in basic terms for really young kids. I might explain it in terms of: “It’s kind of like when you have an argument with a friend, and you might disagree,” but that doesn’t get at the complexity, right? Then, depending on the developmental level, you’re probably going to provide different explanations for kids around it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So, what are some other ways to begin this dialogue with children? How can parents start thinking about it? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s inevitable that your child may hear something about it, whether at school, through their friends, through other adults talking about it. And a lot of times, we’re not aware when we are adults conversing amongst ourselves that the kids are nearby and pick up on everything. So, I think as a parent, it is important to pre-empt. Because you want to be the one providing the information and not have this be introduced by someone else to your child. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hilit Kletter, child psychologist, Stanford Medicine\"]‘We don’t recommend lying to kids or fudging the truth — but tailoring the information according to the age.’[/pullquote]And the way I would begin it is by asking: What do they know, and what have they heard? Because that’s an opportunity to then start the conversation; to gently correct any misperceptions, provide them with information at the appropriate developmental level, and be honest, as much as you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We don’t recommend lying to kids or fudging the truth — but tailoring the information according to the age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>We’ve seen rallies in support of Israel and protests condemning Israel’s response in Gaza and the siege. How should parents approach explaining the response here in the United States? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the way you can focus on it is what people are trying to do to help. And regardless of what side you’re on, that people are concerned. [aside label='More on the Youth Population in Gaza' link1='https://www.npr.org/2023/10/18/1206897328/half-of-gazas-population-is-under-18-heres-what-that-means-for-the-conflict, Half of the Population of Gaza is Under 18. What that Means for the Conflict']Some may have loved ones or family over there, and people are doing what they can to help. There’s many different ways that they can go about doing that, whether they volunteer to gather supplies to send to the affected individuals or collect donations to provide to different disaster relief organizations. Or they go to rallies to show their support, or just [come] together as a community to be able to express what you \u003cem>do \u003c/em>think about it and have a source of support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Kids will begin to form opinions. Is there a way to talk to them about being sensitive to peers who might be hurt by those opinions? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think that’s why it’s important to encourage those conversations within the family at first — to allow them to express how they feel and what they think. To also help them practice because kids may not have the ability like adults to filter information. And currently, there’s \u003cem>so \u003c/em>much information out there. It’s overwhelming, even as an adult. As adults, we can help kids be able to filter that. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Hilit Kletter, child psychologist, Stanford Medicine\"]‘It’s important to encourage those conversations within the family at first — to allow them to express how they feel, and what they think.’[/pullquote]I think there’s two approaches. One is — you can view it as an opportunity for discussion. People often don’t agree — and that’s the beauty of the world, that we can have differing opinions, we can express how we feel. And sometimes that can be an opportunity for discussion and learning and growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other times, when people have very strong opinions, it’s maybe best not to engage and to learn to respect that it’s OK that people will have different opinions. And that you can walk away, and it’s OK to agree to disagree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kind of impact can the many graphic images of the war that we are seeing widely shared on social media have on children? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can impact their sleep. It can impact their sense of safety: Feeling more afraid, having increased anxiety and just general fears. It can sometimes be portrayed in more disruptive behavior — starting to act out, or having temper tantrums or being more defiant. In older kids, you might see them become more withdrawn or isolated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[It’s] also important to remember that kids’ brains are still developing … the prefrontal cortex doesn’t stop developing until age 26. That’s the part of the brain that’s responsible for things like our ability to regulate our emotions and our behaviors and to problem-solve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the risk of avoiding this conversation entirely? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might send the message for kids that it’s something that they \u003cem>should \u003c/em>be afraid of — if the adults are not even able to bring it up, then it must be a really scary thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might [also] inadvertently send a message of: “It’s not OK to express your feelings or to have opinions about this,” and might make kids feel like they’re completely alone. Especially in times like this — when something of this nature that’s on such a horrible level is happening — all of us tend to feel like we’re going through it alone. And if it’s not brought up, if there’s no opportunity for these conversations, then that might reinforce that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/bwatt\">Brian Watt\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/agonzalez\">Alexander Gonzalez\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Thousands of Palestinians and Israelis have been killed since the Oct. 7 attack by Hamas forces in Israel. Thousands \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/israel-palestinians-gaza-hamas-war-781b3c63af4ae6e51c313a68f314e66d\">more Palestinians have been wounded and displaced during Israeli air raids\u003c/a> — with \u003ca href=\"https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/10/22/israeli-air-raids-kill-at-least-55-in-gaza-overnight-hamas-says#:~:text=Israeli%20air%20raids%20have%20damaged,time%20in%20nearly%20a%20decade.\">strikes destroying 40% of Gaza’s housing\u003c/a>, according to the United Nations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2023/10/24/middleeast/gaza-water-war-climate-intl-cmd/index.html%20--%20which%20also%20speaks%20to\">Israel also sealed off Gaza for over a week\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/16/1206256497/the-latest-in-gaza-as-power-drinking-water-and-medical-supplies-are-running-out\">halting the entry of food, water, medicine and fuel\u003c/a>. Israel recently allowed 20 trucks to enter Palestine carrying aid — \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/middle-east/trucks-enter-gaza-carrying-medical-supplies-food-hamas-2023-10-21/\">a vast reduction from the hundreds of trucks usually entering Palestine daily\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The population in Gaza is among the youngest in the world, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/19/1206479861/israel-gaza-hamas-children-population-war-palestinians\">with nearly half of the people living there under the age of 18\u003c/a>. A 2021 study showed that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/10/18/1206897328/half-of-gazas-population-is-under-18-heres-what-that-means-for-the-conflict\">91% of children in the Gaza Strip have post-traumatic stress disorder\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With how connected our world is, it is likely your child in the United States has seen the images and videos coming out of Gaza on the Internet or on TV — which sometimes directly show other young people in distress. The devastation can be difficult to explain to children, who may struggle to comprehend the deaths and political conflict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilit Kletter is a child psychologist at Stanford Medicine and \u003ca href=\"https://profiles.stanford.edu/hilit-kletter\">the director of the Stress and Resilience Clinic\u003c/a>. KQED’s Brian Watt spoke to Kletter about how parents and caregivers can approach these tough conversations with children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This conversation has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Brian Watt: How is speaking with kids about this violence in Gaza different from talking to children about other types of violence? For example, mass shootings here in the United States? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hilit Kletter: It’s not much different. The content and the idea is similar. The only difference might be that, unfortunately, shootings are something that we hear about more commonly here in the States. And war might be a more foreign concept, especially for younger children having a difficult time grasping that the war is not happening \u003cem>here\u003c/em> but is happening somewhere far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>But shootings also seem more random, even if they are somewhat commonplace, unfortunately, in the United States … and to have less context around them than war, for example. Is there any difference there in how kids process that? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within the U.S., unfortunately, it’s become commonplace because of the frequency and increase of mass shootings that a lot of the schools now have drills for it. Some kids have experienced lockdowns in their school — so they do have awareness. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>I think there’s two approaches. One is — you can view it as an opportunity for discussion. People often don’t agree — and that’s the beauty of the world, that we can have differing opinions, we can express how we feel. And sometimes that can be an opportunity for discussion and learning and growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other times, when people have very strong opinions, it’s maybe best not to engage and to learn to respect that it’s OK that people will have different opinions. And that you can walk away, and it’s OK to agree to disagree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What kind of impact can the many graphic images of the war that we are seeing widely shared on social media have on children? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It can impact their sleep. It can impact their sense of safety: Feeling more afraid, having increased anxiety and just general fears. It can sometimes be portrayed in more disruptive behavior — starting to act out, or having temper tantrums or being more defiant. In older kids, you might see them become more withdrawn or isolated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[It’s] also important to remember that kids’ brains are still developing … the prefrontal cortex doesn’t stop developing until age 26. That’s the part of the brain that’s responsible for things like our ability to regulate our emotions and our behaviors and to problem-solve.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the risk of avoiding this conversation entirely? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might send the message for kids that it’s something that they \u003cem>should \u003c/em>be afraid of — if the adults are not even able to bring it up, then it must be a really scary thing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might [also] inadvertently send a message of: “It’s not OK to express your feelings or to have opinions about this,” and might make kids feel like they’re completely alone. Especially in times like this — when something of this nature that’s on such a horrible level is happening — all of us tend to feel like we’re going through it alone. And if it’s not brought up, if there’s no opportunity for these conversations, then that might reinforce that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/bwatt\">Brian Watt\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/agonzalez\">Alexander Gonzalez\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>More than three dozen states, including California, New York and the District of Columbia, are filing federal and state lawsuits claiming Facebook and Instagram intentionally — and illegally — manipulate young users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit filed in federal court in California also claims that Meta routinely collects data on children under 13 without their parents’ consent, violating federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Meta has harnessed powerful and unprecedented technologies to entice, engage, and ultimately ensnare youth and teens. Its motive is profit, and in seeking to maximize its financial gains, Meta has repeatedly misled the public about the substantial dangers of its social media platforms,” the complaint says. “It has concealed the ways in which these platforms exploit and manipulate its most vulnerable consumers: teenagers and children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad full-width]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits follow the collapse of settlement talks with the Menlo Park-based Meta, which operates both platforms. It’s also the result of an investigation led by a bipartisan coalition of attorneys general from Florida, Kentucky, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, Tennessee, Vermont and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta is part of the coalition of more than 30 AGs filing \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/FINAL%20Meta%20Multistate%20Complaint%2C%20N.D.%20Cal.%20%28REDACTED%2C%20CONFORMED%29.pdf\">the federal lawsuit\u003c/a> in Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We refuse to allow the company to feign ignorance of the harm it knows it’s causing,” Bonta said in a statement on Tuesday. “We refuse to let it continue business as usual when that business is hurting our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the 33 states, nine other attorneys general are filing in their respective states, bringing the total number of states taking action to 42. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"California Attorney General Rob Bonta\"]‘We refuse to allow the company to feign ignorance of the harm it knows it’s causing. We refuse to let it continue business as usual when that business is hurting our children.’[/pullquote]“Kids and teenagers are suffering from record levels of poor mental health and social media companies like Meta are to blame,” New York Attorney General Letitia James said. “Meta has profited from children’s pain by intentionally designing its platforms with manipulative features that make children addicted to their platforms while lowering their self-esteem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Meta said it shares “the attorneys general’s commitment to providing teens with safe, positive experiences online, and have already introduced over 30 tools to support teens and their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re disappointed that instead of working productively with companies across the industry to create clear, age-appropriate standards for the many apps teens use, the attorneys general have chosen this path,” the company added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuits also come on the heels of damning newspaper reports, first published by \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em> in the fall of 2021, based on Meta’s research that found that the company knew about the harms Instagram can cause teenagers — especially teen girls — when it comes to mental health and body image issues. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"New York Attorney General Letitia James\"]‘Kids and teenagers are suffering from record levels of poor mental health and social media companies like Meta are to blame.’[/pullquote]One internal study cited 13.5% of teen girls saying Instagram makes thoughts of suicide worse and 17% of teen girls saying it makes eating disorders worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the first reports, a consortium of news organizations, including \u003cem>The Associated Press\u003c/em>, published their findings based on leaked documents from whistleblower Frances Haugen, who has testified before Congress and a British parliamentary committee about what she found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of social media among teens is nearly universal in the U.S. and many other parts of the world. Up to 95% of youth ages 13 to 17 in the U.S. report using a social media platform, with more than a third saying they use social media “almost constantly,” according to the Pew Research Center. [aside postID=news_11951924 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/060123-Meta-Facebook-Instagram-AP-JC-KQED-1020x680.jpg']To comply with federal regulation, social media companies ban kids under 13 from signing up to their platforms — but children have been shown to easily get around the bans, both with and without their parents’ consent, and many younger kids have social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other measures social platforms have taken to address concerns about children’s mental health are also easily circumvented. For instance, TikTok recently introduced a default 60-minute time limit for users under 18. But once the limit is reached, minors can enter a passcode to keep watching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In May, U.S. Surgeon General Dr. Vivek Murthy called on tech companies, parents and caregivers to take “immediate action to protect kids now” from the harms of social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Associated Press Writers Maysoon Khan in New York and Ashraf Khalil in Washington DC contributed to this story. KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/rachael-myrow\">Rachael Myrow\u003c/a> also contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>More people are identifying as mixed race than ever before in the U.S. — the 2020 census showed a 256% jump in people identifying as multiracial over the previous 10 years. Mixed-race kids are a growing part of that demographic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psychologist Jenn Noble has been helping mixed-race kids and their parents navigate issues of identity and belonging for over 15 years. Through the online community she’s created with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/\">Mixed Life Academy\u003c/a>, she works to set kids up for success in a world that is often uncomfortable with liminality, and that prefers to put people in neat little boxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Sasha Khokha and Marisa Lagos spoke with Noble about her tips for parents as part of the California Report Magazine series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/mixed-race\">Mixed: Stories from Mixed-Race Californians\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Don’t be afraid to talk about race with your child\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A lot of parents are hesitant to address race directly with their young children out of a desire to protect them from the ugliness of the world. Instead, they may use phrases like, “There’s only one race — the human race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is going to be more harmful, because the kid is like, No, I know something is different here. I see you, and I see my dad and I see the mirror and my friends are saying, ‘Why do I look like this?’” Noble said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As hard as it might be to talk about race, ignoring the conversation means kids will encounter questions about their racial identity for the first time not in the safety of their own family, but at school or on the playground, and often in ways that are scary or unpleasant.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Read books and watch films about mixed-race characters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of great books that introduce the idea of the mixed-race experience to a child,” Noble said. “You can do it as young as 3 and 4 years old. And sometimes, that allows the parents to find more words because if the parent is sitting there and reading the book, [they’ll realize], ‘Oh, is this what my kid is feeling or could be experiencing at some point? Or will their peers say this to them?’ I think that’s a great place to start.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noble also recommends families watching films and shows together that feature racially mixed families, like \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encanto\">Encanto\u003c/a>\u003c/em> or the Netflix series \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masaba_Masaba\">Masaba Masaba\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noble said the best place for kids to learn to talk about race and identity is at home, with their parents. Then, when the child goes out into the world and someone asks, “What are you?,” that child will be less likely to be hurt or surprised. Rather, they’ll be ready with answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You protect them more by doing it this way,” Noble said. “Rather than, ‘Oh, let me go talk to that teacher. Let me go talk to that kid so they never say that to you again,’ the kid’s like, ‘No, just help me understand why they even said that, and then I’ll take it from here.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. Expose your kids to their cultural backgrounds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Noble said she hears a lot of mixed-race kids saying that different parts of their identity are validated in different spaces, leaving them feeling fractured, like their entire self is never fully acknowledged. She says helping them to connect to the language, food and cultural practices of all their various heritages can help mitigate that feeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11947047\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11947047\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/Parents-option-2-for-graphic.jpg\" alt=\"A family with an older mother and father stand on a boat with their grown-up daughter as they pose barefoot making silly faces. The boat looks as though it's inside a cave-like environment on the water.\" width=\"720\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/Parents-option-2-for-graphic.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/Parents-option-2-for-graphic-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right, Noble’s dad, Noble and Noble’s mom pose for a silly photo together. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Jenn Noble)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Worlds are not split. I’m me everywhere I go. So, if I’m with one family and they’re saying, ‘You’re this,’ and I’m with another family and they’re saying, ‘You’re that,’ I’m still the same person in both environments. They may be acknowledging just one portion, but I’m always one person. And then stepping into that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Be bold\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Noble says it’s easy for mixed-race kids to feel they don’t belong anywhere, when actually they are members of more communities than many other people. The trick is to boldly step into those spaces and own the right to be there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jenn Noble, psychologist\"]‘Worlds are not split. I’m me everywhere I go. So, if I’m with one family and they’re saying, ‘You’re this,’ and I’m with another family and they’re saying, ‘You’re that,’ I’m still the same person in both environments.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When your phenotype really doesn’t match one of the groups you belong to, you develop that skill of being like, ‘Well, I’m going to enter this space anyway and y’all are going to be all right and we’ll figure it out together,’” she said. “You should be there, and you should participate and you should feel comfortable to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Don’t use fractions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents have many opportunities to name their child’s multiple heritages and model the normalcy of that. If a nosy neighbor asks, “What’s your kid’s background?,” answer by naming all their racial identities, but not breaking them into fractions. “Ands” and commas will be your friends. For example, say, “My kid is Black and Filipino and Chinese,” not, “She’s a quarter Black, a quarter Chinese and half Filipino.”[aside label='More from the 'Mixed Series' tag='mixed']“The more you model that, your kid is going to hear you,” Noble said. “Because your little child could be standing there when you assert their identity to someone else and they’re going to be like, ‘Oh, yeah, that’s right. I am all those things.’ [Modeling that] full embracing of identity is going to be helpful for that child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Remind your kids they are enough\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s not a magic checklist of things that makes someone, for example, “Mexican enough,” “Black enough” or “Indian enough.” Chasing after one is exhausting and probably won’t work. Try to cultivate the mindset that you belong and don’t have to prove it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more resources, check out \u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/\">Noble’s website\u003c/a> and take her “\u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/take-the-quiz\">How ‘Woke’ is Your Mixed Race Parenting? quiz\u003c/a>.” And the \u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/\">Mixed Life Academy\u003c/a> is one model of a parent support group for working through some of the tricky issues that come up in this space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For tips and suggestions for mixed-race teens, check out our companion post featuring Rahul Yates, a high school senior from Los Angeles who hosts the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iheart.com/podcast/53-mixed-by-gen-z-103270911/\">Mixed by Gen Z podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"anchor\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n[hearken id=\"7528\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/7528.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>More people are identifying as mixed race than ever before in the U.S. — the 2020 census showed a 256% jump in people identifying as multiracial over the previous 10 years. Mixed-race kids are a growing part of that demographic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psychologist Jenn Noble has been helping mixed-race kids and their parents navigate issues of identity and belonging for over 15 years. Through the online community she’s created with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/\">Mixed Life Academy\u003c/a>, she works to set kids up for success in a world that is often uncomfortable with liminality, and that prefers to put people in neat little boxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED’s Sasha Khokha and Marisa Lagos spoke with Noble about her tips for parents as part of the California Report Magazine series \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/mixed-race\">Mixed: Stories from Mixed-Race Californians\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>1. Don’t be afraid to talk about race with your child\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A lot of parents are hesitant to address race directly with their young children out of a desire to protect them from the ugliness of the world. Instead, they may use phrases like, “There’s only one race — the human race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is going to be more harmful, because the kid is like, No, I know something is different here. I see you, and I see my dad and I see the mirror and my friends are saying, ‘Why do I look like this?’” Noble said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As hard as it might be to talk about race, ignoring the conversation means kids will encounter questions about their racial identity for the first time not in the safety of their own family, but at school or on the playground, and often in ways that are scary or unpleasant.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>2. Read books and watch films about mixed-race characters\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of great books that introduce the idea of the mixed-race experience to a child,” Noble said. “You can do it as young as 3 and 4 years old. And sometimes, that allows the parents to find more words because if the parent is sitting there and reading the book, [they’ll realize], ‘Oh, is this what my kid is feeling or could be experiencing at some point? Or will their peers say this to them?’ I think that’s a great place to start.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noble also recommends families watching films and shows together that feature racially mixed families, like \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Encanto\">Encanto\u003c/a>\u003c/em> or the Netflix series \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masaba_Masaba\">Masaba Masaba\u003c/a>\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noble said the best place for kids to learn to talk about race and identity is at home, with their parents. Then, when the child goes out into the world and someone asks, “What are you?,” that child will be less likely to be hurt or surprised. Rather, they’ll be ready with answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You protect them more by doing it this way,” Noble said. “Rather than, ‘Oh, let me go talk to that teacher. Let me go talk to that kid so they never say that to you again,’ the kid’s like, ‘No, just help me understand why they even said that, and then I’ll take it from here.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>3. Expose your kids to their cultural backgrounds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Noble said she hears a lot of mixed-race kids saying that different parts of their identity are validated in different spaces, leaving them feeling fractured, like their entire self is never fully acknowledged. She says helping them to connect to the language, food and cultural practices of all their various heritages can help mitigate that feeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11947047\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11947047\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/Parents-option-2-for-graphic.jpg\" alt=\"A family with an older mother and father stand on a boat with their grown-up daughter as they pose barefoot making silly faces. The boat looks as though it's inside a cave-like environment on the water.\" width=\"720\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/Parents-option-2-for-graphic.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/Parents-option-2-for-graphic-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right, Noble’s dad, Noble and Noble’s mom pose for a silly photo together. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Jenn Noble)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Worlds are not split. I’m me everywhere I go. So, if I’m with one family and they’re saying, ‘You’re this,’ and I’m with another family and they’re saying, ‘You’re that,’ I’m still the same person in both environments. They may be acknowledging just one portion, but I’m always one person. And then stepping into that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>4. Be bold\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Noble says it’s easy for mixed-race kids to feel they don’t belong anywhere, when actually they are members of more communities than many other people. The trick is to boldly step into those spaces and own the right to be there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Worlds are not split. I’m me everywhere I go. So, if I’m with one family and they’re saying, ‘You’re this,’ and I’m with another family and they’re saying, ‘You’re that,’ I’m still the same person in both environments.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When your phenotype really doesn’t match one of the groups you belong to, you develop that skill of being like, ‘Well, I’m going to enter this space anyway and y’all are going to be all right and we’ll figure it out together,’” she said. “You should be there, and you should participate and you should feel comfortable to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>5. Don’t use fractions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents have many opportunities to name their child’s multiple heritages and model the normalcy of that. If a nosy neighbor asks, “What’s your kid’s background?,” answer by naming all their racial identities, but not breaking them into fractions. “Ands” and commas will be your friends. For example, say, “My kid is Black and Filipino and Chinese,” not, “She’s a quarter Black, a quarter Chinese and half Filipino.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The more you model that, your kid is going to hear you,” Noble said. “Because your little child could be standing there when you assert their identity to someone else and they’re going to be like, ‘Oh, yeah, that’s right. I am all those things.’ [Modeling that] full embracing of identity is going to be helpful for that child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>6. Remind your kids they are enough\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s not a magic checklist of things that makes someone, for example, “Mexican enough,” “Black enough” or “Indian enough.” Chasing after one is exhausting and probably won’t work. Try to cultivate the mindset that you belong and don’t have to prove it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more resources, check out \u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/\">Noble’s website\u003c/a> and take her “\u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/take-the-quiz\">How ‘Woke’ is Your Mixed Race Parenting? quiz\u003c/a>.” And the \u003ca href=\"https://www.drjennpsych.com/\">Mixed Life Academy\u003c/a> is one model of a parent support group for working through some of the tricky issues that come up in this space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For tips and suggestions for mixed-race teens, check out our companion post featuring Rahul Yates, a high school senior from Los Angeles who hosts the \u003ca href=\"https://www.iheart.com/podcast/53-mixed-by-gen-z-103270911/\">Mixed by Gen Z podcast\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca id=\"anchor\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Monkeypox has existed for decades, but we’re now seeing multiple outbreaks across the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, over 4,600 cases have been detected nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox is related to the smallpox virus, but it’s generally less severe and “much less contagious” than smallpox, according to the California Department of Public Health. While the symptoms — including a rash that causes lesions — can be very painful, the CDC says monkeypox is “rarely fatal,” and that “over 99% of people who get this form of the disease are likely to survive.” Being sick with monkeypox typically lasts 2-4 weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of July 25, there were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/22/health/monkeypox-children-vaccine/index.html\">only two known cases of monkeypox in kids in the United States\u003c/a>. One of those children diagnosed with monkeypox is a California toddler. And despite these very small numbers, the risk of monkeypox to kids might naturally be on the minds of some parents and caregivers across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, professor of pediatrics and infectious diseases at Stanford University, about what you need to know about monkeypox in children at the moment. Her overarching message: “We shouldn’t panic” about monkeypox and kids right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s really helpful for families to just know what the facts are at this point,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Anyone can get monkeypox, but right now, the risk to kids looks small\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“There’s no major risk for children” right now, says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maldonado stresses there’s still just so much we don’t know, and can’t accurately predict yet. But because adults have been impacted by the monkeypox outbreak, “it’s not unreasonable to expect that there may be some spread into household contacts, especially children,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox spreads from close physical contact with an infected person, including sustained face-to-face exposure via respiratory droplets. It also spreads through contact with items that have previously touched the rash or fluids of an infected person, which could include touching or sharing clothes, bedsheets or towels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI). You cannot get monkeypox from casual conversations, or by passing someone with monkeypox (say, in a store) or briefly touching surfaces like doorknobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this means that “better containment” for people who may have been infected with monkeypox — isolating from other family members, for example — is one of the ways we can prevent the spread of monkeypox, along with better access to monkeypox vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone can get monkeypox, but as we learn more about the current outbreak in the U.S., we’re seeing that infections are particularly affecting communities of gay and bisexual men, and men who have sex with men. The World Health Organization notes that trans people and gender-diverse people “may also be more vulnerable in the context of the current outbreak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are hoping that we can contain this, but there will still be some spread for an unknown period of time,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Monkeypox Resources' tag='monkeypox-resources-and-explainers']\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It’s possible to mistake many common rashes in kids for monkeypox\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents and caregivers know that rashes can be common in kids, and that figuring out what a particular rash could be — and if it’s a cause for real worry or necessitates a call to a pediatrician — can be hard. Adding concerns about monkeypox into that mix, especially at this time of year, could only make things tougher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is summer virus season and there’s just a lot of viruses out there that cause fevers and rashes in little kids,” says Maldonado. “This is the bread and butter of pediatrics, seeing kids with colds, rashes, fevers. That’s very, very common.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maldonado says that when she first saw pictures of monkeypox rashes from this current outbreak, “some of the lesions — the less serious ones — really look like virus lesions that little kids can get. And I was worried that parents would just get panicked if they thought their kid had monkeypox, but probably it’s just a local virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main message right now is that it’s rare in kids,” says Maldonado. “It still is much rarer than just being around a bunch of other kids and catching a summer virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite what the name might suggest, monkeypox is not related to chickenpox at all — so your child’s chickenpox vaccination will not offer any protection against monkeypox. (If you personally got a smallpox vaccination as a kid before routine smallpox vaccines ended in 1972 in the U.S., that could be a different story. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11920455/where-can-i-find-a-monkeypox-vaccine-near-me#smallpoxvaccinechild\">Read more about smallpox vaccines and monkeypox.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get more information with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/\">this visual guide to rashes in children and babies from the U.K. National Health Service\u003c/a>, and also \u003ca href=\"https://www.sutterhealth.org/health/childrens-health/common-rashes-in-kids-what-to-know\">this pediatric rash explainer from Sutter Health\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>We don’t know a lot yet about how monkeypox affects kids\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox has existed for decades, with the first case among humans registered in 1970. (The disease is called monkeypox because it was first found in 1958 in monkeys.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s two major strains that we know of, and it’s really been hard to get a lot of information about childhood disease,” says Maldonado. “But we do know that children under 8, at least with the previous strains of monkeypox — not necessarily with the current strain that we’re seeing circulate around the world, but those previous strains — seem to (be showing) more severe disease compared to adults.” Kids older than 8 years old, she says, “tend not to have as severe disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox is rarely fatal, and Maldonado says that in the context of this particular outbreak, the “major concern” for patients seems to be the rash the disease causes, and the painful nature of those lesions or pustules. And certainly, people who’ve had the disease recently \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/health/lesions-debilitating-pain-monkeypox-experience\">have spoken about the often intense pain they’ve experienced during their infections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But fortunately, we haven’t seen terribly severe disease, and I think that’s really important to remember,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Kids could have options for monkeypox vaccines and treatment if needed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The monkeypox vaccine being offered in the United States right now is called Jynneos — a two-dose vaccine that’s also used to prevent smallpox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, Jynneos is only generally available for people age 18 and older, although “the CDC does have a special approval for giving the vaccine to children under 18,” says Maldonado. “But that needs to be given with some paperwork involved, because it’s really not officially released by the FDA for general use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC recommends that the vaccine be given to a person within four days of the date they were exposed to monkeypox, for the best chance of preventing onset of the disease. If a person gets the vaccine between four and 14 days of being exposed, the vaccine may reduce the symptoms of monkeypox, but may not prevent the disease altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supplies of the monkeypox vaccine in the Bay Area are distributed directly from the California Department of Public Health, who get their supply from the federal government. And right now, availability is still very limited and demand is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11919138\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11919138\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1378\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-800x574.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-1020x732.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-160x115.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-1536x1102.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vial of the Jynneos monkeypox vaccine. \u003ccite>(Bill O'Leary/The Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Currently, the antiviral drug Tecovirimat (also known as TPOXX or ST-246) is being used to treat those experiencing severe monkeypox. The FDA already has approved Tecovirimat to treat smallpox, and has recently expanded its use for monkeypox among adults and children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as with giving the Jynneos vaccine to kids, treating children – and adults, in fact — with TPOXX also gets complicated because of regulation. Maldonado says this treatment similarly has “some paperwork involved, because it’s really not officially released by the FDA for general use” for monkeypox, because it’s licensed for smallpox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That doesn’t mean it can’t be used,” she says, but if a provider wants to use TPOXX to treat monkeypox, “there need to be forms that are filled out, going over the risks and benefits of the drug and the fact that they’d have to be informed consent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it is a little bit harder administratively to get a hold of, but there is that drug available — and it’s available for all age groups,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>You’ll see monkeypox symptoms — and that’s a good thing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unlike COVID, monkeypox “isn’t one of those diseases where you can be asymptomatic,” notes Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s “very unlikely” we’ll see cases where a child is infectious but has no symptoms. “We have not seen that, for example, yet in the adults.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if a family is concerned their child might have monkeypox, “it would have to be most likely because they knew either that somebody very close to them or in the family was infected, or that somebody close to them or in the family was exposed, or that their child had symptoms that were similar to monkeypox,” says Maldonado. And unlike COVID, the visible symptoms of monkeypox mean it’s far more likely a person will realize they have it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Schools might see a renewed focus on hygiene and sanitation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maldonado emphasizes that it’s “really too early to tell what’s going to happen in schools” when kids return after the summer break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she already suspects that heightened sanitary practices “are just going to be very helpful here” — and that the experience and familiarity that students and school officials already have with these practices because of COVID could be beneficial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really a disease that’s transmitted by very close skin-to-skin contact, by very close and long-duration respiratory contact, as well as contact with contaminated clothing or other materials,” says Maldonado. “So those are things that I think we can control better in school settings than, for example, just coughing or breathing on each other [as with COVID]. That’s a lot harder to control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, “I suspect we’ll just have to wait and see,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>As with COVID, sick kids should be kept away from group settings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Schools might also think about keeping kids who have symptoms or a potential exposure to monkeypox away from the school setting temporarily, and away from other students, says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for other settings in which kids will have physical contact, such as athletic leagues, Maldonado says the people running those organizations should keep doing what they’ve hopefully been doing through COVID, and continue to ask parents and caregivers not to bring their kids into these settings if they suspect they’re sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should always say that ‘no matter where you are and what you think you’re sick with, you shouldn’t really be in large gatherings if you have active respiratory or other illnesses,’” says Maldonado. “And so that would be the same.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Monkeypox has existed for decades, but we’re now seeing multiple outbreaks across the United States. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, over 4,600 cases have been detected nationwide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox is related to the smallpox virus, but it’s generally less severe and “much less contagious” than smallpox, according to the California Department of Public Health. While the symptoms — including a rash that causes lesions — can be very painful, the CDC says monkeypox is “rarely fatal,” and that “over 99% of people who get this form of the disease are likely to survive.” Being sick with monkeypox typically lasts 2-4 weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of July 25, there were \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2022/07/22/health/monkeypox-children-vaccine/index.html\">only two known cases of monkeypox in kids in the United States\u003c/a>. One of those children diagnosed with monkeypox is a California toddler. And despite these very small numbers, the risk of monkeypox to kids might naturally be on the minds of some parents and caregivers across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED spoke to Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, professor of pediatrics and infectious diseases at Stanford University, about what you need to know about monkeypox in children at the moment. Her overarching message: “We shouldn’t panic” about monkeypox and kids right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s really helpful for families to just know what the facts are at this point,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Anyone can get monkeypox, but right now, the risk to kids looks small\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“There’s no major risk for children” right now, says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maldonado stresses there’s still just so much we don’t know, and can’t accurately predict yet. But because adults have been impacted by the monkeypox outbreak, “it’s not unreasonable to expect that there may be some spread into household contacts, especially children,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox spreads from close physical contact with an infected person, including sustained face-to-face exposure via respiratory droplets. It also spreads through contact with items that have previously touched the rash or fluids of an infected person, which could include touching or sharing clothes, bedsheets or towels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox is not a sexually transmitted infection (STI). You cannot get monkeypox from casual conversations, or by passing someone with monkeypox (say, in a store) or briefly touching surfaces like doorknobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of this means that “better containment” for people who may have been infected with monkeypox — isolating from other family members, for example — is one of the ways we can prevent the spread of monkeypox, along with better access to monkeypox vaccines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone can get monkeypox, but as we learn more about the current outbreak in the U.S., we’re seeing that infections are particularly affecting communities of gay and bisexual men, and men who have sex with men. The World Health Organization notes that trans people and gender-diverse people “may also be more vulnerable in the context of the current outbreak.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are hoping that we can contain this, but there will still be some spread for an unknown period of time,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>It’s possible to mistake many common rashes in kids for monkeypox\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents and caregivers know that rashes can be common in kids, and that figuring out what a particular rash could be — and if it’s a cause for real worry or necessitates a call to a pediatrician — can be hard. Adding concerns about monkeypox into that mix, especially at this time of year, could only make things tougher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is summer virus season and there’s just a lot of viruses out there that cause fevers and rashes in little kids,” says Maldonado. “This is the bread and butter of pediatrics, seeing kids with colds, rashes, fevers. That’s very, very common.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maldonado says that when she first saw pictures of monkeypox rashes from this current outbreak, “some of the lesions — the less serious ones — really look like virus lesions that little kids can get. And I was worried that parents would just get panicked if they thought their kid had monkeypox, but probably it’s just a local virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The main message right now is that it’s rare in kids,” says Maldonado. “It still is much rarer than just being around a bunch of other kids and catching a summer virus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite what the name might suggest, monkeypox is not related to chickenpox at all — so your child’s chickenpox vaccination will not offer any protection against monkeypox. (If you personally got a smallpox vaccination as a kid before routine smallpox vaccines ended in 1972 in the U.S., that could be a different story. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11920455/where-can-i-find-a-monkeypox-vaccine-near-me#smallpoxvaccinechild\">Read more about smallpox vaccines and monkeypox.\u003c/a>)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Get more information with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/rashes-babies-and-children/\">this visual guide to rashes in children and babies from the U.K. National Health Service\u003c/a>, and also \u003ca href=\"https://www.sutterhealth.org/health/childrens-health/common-rashes-in-kids-what-to-know\">this pediatric rash explainer from Sutter Health\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>We don’t know a lot yet about how monkeypox affects kids\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox has existed for decades, with the first case among humans registered in 1970. (The disease is called monkeypox because it was first found in 1958 in monkeys.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s two major strains that we know of, and it’s really been hard to get a lot of information about childhood disease,” says Maldonado. “But we do know that children under 8, at least with the previous strains of monkeypox — not necessarily with the current strain that we’re seeing circulate around the world, but those previous strains — seem to (be showing) more severe disease compared to adults.” Kids older than 8 years old, she says, “tend not to have as severe disease.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monkeypox is rarely fatal, and Maldonado says that in the context of this particular outbreak, the “major concern” for patients seems to be the rash the disease causes, and the painful nature of those lesions or pustules. And certainly, people who’ve had the disease recently \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/health/lesions-debilitating-pain-monkeypox-experience\">have spoken about the often intense pain they’ve experienced during their infections\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But fortunately, we haven’t seen terribly severe disease, and I think that’s really important to remember,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Kids could have options for monkeypox vaccines and treatment if needed\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The monkeypox vaccine being offered in the United States right now is called Jynneos — a two-dose vaccine that’s also used to prevent smallpox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, Jynneos is only generally available for people age 18 and older, although “the CDC does have a special approval for giving the vaccine to children under 18,” says Maldonado. “But that needs to be given with some paperwork involved, because it’s really not officially released by the FDA for general use.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CDC recommends that the vaccine be given to a person within four days of the date they were exposed to monkeypox, for the best chance of preventing onset of the disease. If a person gets the vaccine between four and 14 days of being exposed, the vaccine may reduce the symptoms of monkeypox, but may not prevent the disease altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supplies of the monkeypox vaccine in the Bay Area are distributed directly from the California Department of Public Health, who get their supply from the federal government. And right now, availability is still very limited and demand is high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11919138\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11919138\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1378\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-800x574.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-1020x732.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-160x115.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/RS57175_GettyImages-1241638108-qut-1536x1102.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vial of the Jynneos monkeypox vaccine. \u003ccite>(Bill O'Leary/The Washington Post via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Currently, the antiviral drug Tecovirimat (also known as TPOXX or ST-246) is being used to treat those experiencing severe monkeypox. The FDA already has approved Tecovirimat to treat smallpox, and has recently expanded its use for monkeypox among adults and children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as with giving the Jynneos vaccine to kids, treating children – and adults, in fact — with TPOXX also gets complicated because of regulation. Maldonado says this treatment similarly has “some paperwork involved, because it’s really not officially released by the FDA for general use” for monkeypox, because it’s licensed for smallpox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That doesn’t mean it can’t be used,” she says, but if a provider wants to use TPOXX to treat monkeypox, “there need to be forms that are filled out, going over the risks and benefits of the drug and the fact that they’d have to be informed consent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it is a little bit harder administratively to get a hold of, but there is that drug available — and it’s available for all age groups,” says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>You’ll see monkeypox symptoms — and that’s a good thing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unlike COVID, monkeypox “isn’t one of those diseases where you can be asymptomatic,” notes Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it’s “very unlikely” we’ll see cases where a child is infectious but has no symptoms. “We have not seen that, for example, yet in the adults.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that if a family is concerned their child might have monkeypox, “it would have to be most likely because they knew either that somebody very close to them or in the family was infected, or that somebody close to them or in the family was exposed, or that their child had symptoms that were similar to monkeypox,” says Maldonado. And unlike COVID, the visible symptoms of monkeypox mean it’s far more likely a person will realize they have it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Schools might see a renewed focus on hygiene and sanitation\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Maldonado emphasizes that it’s “really too early to tell what’s going to happen in schools” when kids return after the summer break.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she already suspects that heightened sanitary practices “are just going to be very helpful here” — and that the experience and familiarity that students and school officials already have with these practices because of COVID could be beneficial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is really a disease that’s transmitted by very close skin-to-skin contact, by very close and long-duration respiratory contact, as well as contact with contaminated clothing or other materials,” says Maldonado. “So those are things that I think we can control better in school settings than, for example, just coughing or breathing on each other [as with COVID]. That’s a lot harder to control.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, “I suspect we’ll just have to wait and see,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>As with COVID, sick kids should be kept away from group settings\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Schools might also think about keeping kids who have symptoms or a potential exposure to monkeypox away from the school setting temporarily, and away from other students, says Maldonado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for other settings in which kids will have physical contact, such as athletic leagues, Maldonado says the people running those organizations should keep doing what they’ve hopefully been doing through COVID, and continue to ask parents and caregivers not to bring their kids into these settings if they suspect they’re sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should always say that ‘no matter where you are and what you think you’re sick with, you shouldn’t really be in large gatherings if you have active respiratory or other illnesses,’” says Maldonado. “And so that would be the same.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Updated 4 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last age group of the population unable to get a COVID-19 vaccine may soon be able to do so — and much earlier than anticipated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pfizer-BioNTech on Tuesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-initiate-rolling-submission-emergency\">filed a submission\u003c/a> for emergency use authorization to the Food and Drug Administration for a vaccine regimen designed for use in children age 6 months to 5 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a safe and effective vaccine available for children in this age group is a priority for the agency and we’re committed to a timely review of the data,” said acting FDA Commissioner Janet Woodcock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-advisory-committee-meeting-discuss-request-authorization-pfizer\">announced a Feb. 15 meeting\u003c/a> of its advisory committee to discuss the request for an emergency use authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical trials last fall showed that the low doses of the vaccine generated protection in children up to 2 years old but failed to do so in kids age 2-5. The companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/12/17/1065200225/pfizer-third-dose-covid-vaccine-infants-young-children\">announced in December\u003c/a> they’d add a third dose to its trials, which would delay the submission to the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Coronavirus Resources' tag='coronavirus-resources-and-explainers']Emergency use authorization could allow children to begin a two-dose regimen, which would prepare children between 2 and 5 years old to receive a third shot when the data demonstrates it’s effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By now they probably have more information on whether the two shots provided any protection at all,” said Dr. Bob Wachter, chair of the UCSF Department of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems likely the third shot will be necessary … but you can’t get shot #3 until you’ve [had] shots 1 and 2,” he wrote in an email Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA authorized the companies’ vaccine for children age 5 through 11 last October, but use among children remains significantly lower than the overall population. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, only 21.6% of children 5-11 are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The key question is whether the parents of younger children will get their kids vaccinated,” said Dr. Celine Gounder, clinical assistant professor at NYU Langone Health. “Parents are relatively more hesitant to get their young children vaccinated than themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gounder predicted vaccination rates for the younger group of children would mirror that of the group already authorized for the doses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=COVID-19+vaccine+for+young+kids+could+be+ready+this+month&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Updated 4 p.m. Tuesday\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The last age group of the population unable to get a COVID-19 vaccine may soon be able to do so — and much earlier than anticipated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pfizer-BioNTech on Tuesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.pfizer.com/news/press-release/press-release-detail/pfizer-and-biontech-initiate-rolling-submission-emergency\">filed a submission\u003c/a> for emergency use authorization to the Food and Drug Administration for a vaccine regimen designed for use in children age 6 months to 5 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Having a safe and effective vaccine available for children in this age group is a priority for the agency and we’re committed to a timely review of the data,” said acting FDA Commissioner Janet Woodcock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA \u003ca href=\"https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/coronavirus-covid-19-update-fda-advisory-committee-meeting-discuss-request-authorization-pfizer\">announced a Feb. 15 meeting\u003c/a> of its advisory committee to discuss the request for an emergency use authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clinical trials last fall showed that the low doses of the vaccine generated protection in children up to 2 years old but failed to do so in kids age 2-5. The companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2021/12/17/1065200225/pfizer-third-dose-covid-vaccine-infants-young-children\">announced in December\u003c/a> they’d add a third dose to its trials, which would delay the submission to the FDA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Emergency use authorization could allow children to begin a two-dose regimen, which would prepare children between 2 and 5 years old to receive a third shot when the data demonstrates it’s effective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By now they probably have more information on whether the two shots provided any protection at all,” said Dr. Bob Wachter, chair of the UCSF Department of Medicine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems likely the third shot will be necessary … but you can’t get shot #3 until you’ve [had] shots 1 and 2,” he wrote in an email Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FDA authorized the companies’ vaccine for children age 5 through 11 last October, but use among children remains significantly lower than the overall population. According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, only 21.6% of children 5-11 are fully vaccinated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The key question is whether the parents of younger children will get their kids vaccinated,” said Dr. Celine Gounder, clinical assistant professor at NYU Langone Health. “Parents are relatively more hesitant to get their young children vaccinated than themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gounder predicted vaccination rates for the younger group of children would mirror that of the group already authorized for the doses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=COVID-19+vaccine+for+young+kids+could+be+ready+this+month&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The COVID pandemic, wildfires, economic uncertainty and persistent racial injustices have upended nearly every aspect of children’s lives in California, according to one of the first comprehensive surveys of young people’s overall well-being since the pandemic began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.childrennow.org/portfolio-posts/2022-california-childrens-report-card/\">2022 California Children's Report Card\u003c/a>, released Wednesday by the Oakland-based research and advocacy organization Children Now, offers a glimpse into the struggles — and victories — children have experienced as the pandemic approaches the end of its second year. Education, child care, physical and mental health, homelessness, poverty, juvenile justice and food security are among the topics explored in the report, which issues A through F letter grades based on data and state policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For years, policymakers have been saying, ‘Of course, of course, kids are a priority,’ but what we know is, that it’s not enough,” said Ted Lempert, president of Children Now, which has been compiling the annual surveys since 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The situation is especially grim because of the pandemic, and children have to be our No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 top priorities. Not ensuring that our children are healthy and educated will have an enormous impact on our economy and our democracy. ... It’s doable. We just have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular concern is the disparity in learning loss during last year’s school closures. Using \u003ca href=\"https://edpolicyinca.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/i_ch_jun2021_2.pdf\">data from Policy Analysis for California Education\u003c/a>, the report shows that English learners, students from lower-income families, Native American, Black and Latino students lost far more ground academically in math and English language arts than their white and Asian peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe title=\"Students experiencing pandemic learning lag by race/ethnicity\" aria-label=\"Split Bars\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-lWI0V\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/lWI0V/3/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"1000\" height=\"264\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native American students and English learners, for example, had lost nearly four months of learning compared with just over a week for Asian students. The data is based on third through eighth graders’ scores on interim assessments given in fall 2020 compared with the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe title=\"Students experiencing pandemic learning lag by economic and English learner status\" aria-label=\"Split Bars\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-m1Vzf\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/m1Vzf/4/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"1000\" height=\"259\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason for the disparity is uneven quality in distance learning programs, limited access to technology and the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on lower-income families, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Surge in suicides among Black youth\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Another noteworthy statistic is the surge in suicides among Black youth. According to the report, the suicide rate among Black 10- to 24-year-olds has more than doubled since 2014 while the rate among other groups has remained steady or dropped. In 2020, 12 of every 100,000 Black young people died by suicide, compared with a statewide average for all racial groups of just over 6 of every 100,000 young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While disturbing, the numbers are not a shock, said Lisa Andrews, a director at the California College Guidance Initiative and a counseling professor at the University of La Verne. The spotlight on racial injustice, as well as continuing violence against Black people, has contributed to ongoing trauma among Black youth, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A cultural stigma associated with mental illness and a shortage of Black counselors, meanwhile, has prevented too many young Black people from seeking help, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11895538 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/Oak_Tech_008-1200x750-1-1020x638.jpeg']Schools and other organizations can do a better job addressing mental health challenges among Black young people, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers can say, ‘Hey, how’re you doing?,’ and just spend a few minutes talking about life,” Andrews said. “If students know that someone is concerned, someone cares, it can make a big difference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13881725/where-to-find-affordable-culturally-competent-therapy-in-bay-area-and-beyond\">\u003cstrong>Check out our updated list of affordable and culturally competent mental health services in the Bay Area.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Some good news\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The expansion of transitional kindergarten was a bright spot in the report. California got an A- for its investment in transitional kindergarten for all 4-year-olds, but it needs to do more to ensure that all children have access to early childhood education, the report said. Transitional kindergarten classes should have smaller student-to-teacher ratios and better-trained teachers, and affordable preschool needs to be available for every 3-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bright spot was health insurance. California “has made remarkable progress toward ensuring health coverage for every child” by expanding Medi-Cal to undocumented children and youth age 19 to 25, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with health insurance, too many children aren’t getting basic medical care, the report said. In some cases, the premiums are still too high for parents to afford, or families don’t know what services they’re eligible for, or health care providers aren’t offering services in a timely way. The report gave California a D- for its health care oversight and accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a particular concern during the pandemic, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Education Coverage' tag='education']Increased student engagement was a reason for optimism. More students registered to vote — and voted when they became eligible — after California allowed 16- and-17-year-olds to preregister last year, and took the lead in national movements centered on social justice, climate change and other issues. Nearly half of California’s 18- to 24-year-olds voted in 2020, above the national average and up from 37% in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When young people are engaged and empowered, they can be integral partners in shaping the policies that impact their lives,” the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But overall, California needs to do much more to support young people, especially regarding their mental health, Lempert said. He noted that California lags behind most other states in the number of adults on school campuses, including teachers, counselors, tutors, social workers, nurses and psychologists. While the state has been boosting funding for schools for years, it hasn’t been enough to keep up with students’ needs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been sounding the alarm about this for a while,” he said. “This is unacceptable. And the result is incredibly detrimental to kids. We’re behind other states in so many areas, and there is no excuse for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/grim-outlook-for-california-childrens-well-being-report-finds/665747\">This story was originally published by EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The COVID pandemic, wildfires, economic uncertainty and persistent racial injustices have upended nearly every aspect of children’s lives in California, according to one of the first comprehensive surveys of young people’s overall well-being since the pandemic began.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.childrennow.org/portfolio-posts/2022-california-childrens-report-card/\">2022 California Children's Report Card\u003c/a>, released Wednesday by the Oakland-based research and advocacy organization Children Now, offers a glimpse into the struggles — and victories — children have experienced as the pandemic approaches the end of its second year. Education, child care, physical and mental health, homelessness, poverty, juvenile justice and food security are among the topics explored in the report, which issues A through F letter grades based on data and state policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For years, policymakers have been saying, ‘Of course, of course, kids are a priority,’ but what we know is, that it’s not enough,” said Ted Lempert, president of Children Now, which has been compiling the annual surveys since 1990.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The situation is especially grim because of the pandemic, and children have to be our No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 top priorities. Not ensuring that our children are healthy and educated will have an enormous impact on our economy and our democracy. ... It’s doable. We just have to do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular concern is the disparity in learning loss during last year’s school closures. Using \u003ca href=\"https://edpolicyinca.org/sites/default/files/2021-06/i_ch_jun2021_2.pdf\">data from Policy Analysis for California Education\u003c/a>, the report shows that English learners, students from lower-income families, Native American, Black and Latino students lost far more ground academically in math and English language arts than their white and Asian peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe title=\"Students experiencing pandemic learning lag by race/ethnicity\" aria-label=\"Split Bars\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-lWI0V\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/lWI0V/3/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"1000\" height=\"264\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Native American students and English learners, for example, had lost nearly four months of learning compared with just over a week for Asian students. The data is based on third through eighth graders’ scores on interim assessments given in fall 2020 compared with the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe title=\"Students experiencing pandemic learning lag by economic and English learner status\" aria-label=\"Split Bars\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-m1Vzf\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/m1Vzf/4/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"1000\" height=\"259\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason for the disparity is uneven quality in distance learning programs, limited access to technology and the disproportionate impact of the pandemic on lower-income families, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Surge in suicides among Black youth\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Another noteworthy statistic is the surge in suicides among Black youth. According to the report, the suicide rate among Black 10- to 24-year-olds has more than doubled since 2014 while the rate among other groups has remained steady or dropped. In 2020, 12 of every 100,000 Black young people died by suicide, compared with a statewide average for all racial groups of just over 6 of every 100,000 young people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While disturbing, the numbers are not a shock, said Lisa Andrews, a director at the California College Guidance Initiative and a counseling professor at the University of La Verne. The spotlight on racial injustice, as well as continuing violence against Black people, has contributed to ongoing trauma among Black youth, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A cultural stigma associated with mental illness and a shortage of Black counselors, meanwhile, has prevented too many young Black people from seeking help, she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Schools and other organizations can do a better job addressing mental health challenges among Black young people, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teachers can say, ‘Hey, how’re you doing?,’ and just spend a few minutes talking about life,” Andrews said. “If students know that someone is concerned, someone cares, it can make a big difference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13881725/where-to-find-affordable-culturally-competent-therapy-in-bay-area-and-beyond\">\u003cstrong>Check out our updated list of affordable and culturally competent mental health services in the Bay Area.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Some good news\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The expansion of transitional kindergarten was a bright spot in the report. California got an A- for its investment in transitional kindergarten for all 4-year-olds, but it needs to do more to ensure that all children have access to early childhood education, the report said. Transitional kindergarten classes should have smaller student-to-teacher ratios and better-trained teachers, and affordable preschool needs to be available for every 3-year-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bright spot was health insurance. California “has made remarkable progress toward ensuring health coverage for every child” by expanding Medi-Cal to undocumented children and youth age 19 to 25, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even with health insurance, too many children aren’t getting basic medical care, the report said. In some cases, the premiums are still too high for parents to afford, or families don’t know what services they’re eligible for, or health care providers aren’t offering services in a timely way. The report gave California a D- for its health care oversight and accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a particular concern during the pandemic, according to the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Increased student engagement was a reason for optimism. More students registered to vote — and voted when they became eligible — after California allowed 16- and-17-year-olds to preregister last year, and took the lead in national movements centered on social justice, climate change and other issues. Nearly half of California’s 18- to 24-year-olds voted in 2020, above the national average and up from 37% in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When young people are engaged and empowered, they can be integral partners in shaping the policies that impact their lives,” the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But overall, California needs to do much more to support young people, especially regarding their mental health, Lempert said. He noted that California lags behind most other states in the number of adults on school campuses, including teachers, counselors, tutors, social workers, nurses and psychologists. While the state has been boosting funding for schools for years, it hasn’t been enough to keep up with students’ needs, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been sounding the alarm about this for a while,” he said. “This is unacceptable. And the result is incredibly detrimental to kids. We’re behind other states in so many areas, and there is no excuse for that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2022/grim-outlook-for-california-childrens-well-being-report-finds/665747\">This story was originally published by EdSource.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11895578\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a boy dressed as a superhero under a sign that reads, "Superamazing Boy! Helping defeat a deadly pandemic with his supercharged immune system!" Kids in the background say, "I can't wait to get the shot, too!"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-800x555.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-1020x708.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-160x111.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-1536x1066.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health providers, counties and clinics are rolling out COVID vaccines for kids age 5-11 across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorekidvaccinestickers\">Here’s a handy guide with more information about where to get the Pfizer vaccine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And once those kids get their shot, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11895373/hey-kids-your-i-got-vaccinated-stickers-are-here\">they deserve a sticker\u003c/a>!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11895578\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a boy dressed as a superhero under a sign that reads, "Superamazing Boy! Helping defeat a deadly pandemic with his supercharged immune system!" Kids in the background say, "I can't wait to get the shot, too!"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1332\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-800x555.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-1020x708.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-160x111.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/superamazing_110821_final-1536x1066.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health providers, counties and clinics are rolling out COVID vaccines for kids age 5-11 across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorekidvaccinestickers\">Here’s a handy guide with more information about where to get the Pfizer vaccine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And once those kids get their shot, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11895373/hey-kids-your-i-got-vaccinated-stickers-are-here\">they deserve a sticker\u003c/a>!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Since children 5-11 are now eligible for the COVID-19 vaccine, I decided to create a selection of “I got vaccinated” stickers for kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/fiorekidvaccinestickers\">Here is a handy guide that details where kids can get their first Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine shot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First the vaccine, then the sticker, then let’s hope we’ll really have coronavirus on the run!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11895378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001.png\" alt='Cartoon: a smiley face sticker that reads, \"I got my COVID-19 vaccine!\"' width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker001-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11895379\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002.png\" alt='Cartoon: a sticker that reads \"I (heart) science! Vaccinated and healthy!\"' width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker002-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11895380\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003.png\" alt='Cartoon: a young girl with a shield and a sword, smiling while chasing a COVID character. Text reads, \"I got vaccinated and am helping fight COVID!\"' width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker003-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-11895381\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004.png\" alt='Cartoon: a sticker with a Band-aid character giving the thumbs-sign, text reads, \"I got mine!\"' width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004-800x800.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004-1020x1020.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004-160x160.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker004-1536x1536.png 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker005.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11895382 aligncenter\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/vaccinesticker005.png\" alt=\"Cartoon: a young boy is flying with a cape and boots. 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"disqusTitle": "How to Keep Your Child Safe From the Delta Variant",
"title": "How to Keep Your Child Safe From the Delta Variant",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It's inevitable that when kids mix as they head back to school, germs spread. And in a pandemic year fueled by the delta variant, some of those germs may cause COVID-19. The CDC has advice for keeping your child protected from this highly contagious version of the coronavirus now and this fall: Mask up in schools and other crowded venues, and make sure everyone age 12 and older in the family gets a COVID-19 shot.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what if your kids are younger than that? What if they develop symptoms or come into contact with someone who tests positive for the coronavirus?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rules for testing and quarantining vary from place to place, so we asked several public health experts — all parents — about their personal strategies for keeping their kids and families safe these days.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What Do I Do if My Kid Wakes Up with the Sniffles?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keep your child at home and consult the pediatrician.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"This happened to us [recently], for camp,\" says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mmg.pitt.edu/person/seema-s-lakdawala\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Seema Lakdawala\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a virologist who studies flu transmission at the University of Pittsburgh. She has two daughters, ages 5 and 8. \"My [8-year-old] daughter woke up and was sneezing and had a runny nose.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She kept her daughter home and then called the pediatrician to talk through her symptoms. The likely culprit was allergies, the doctor told her; the child has known allergies to grass pollen, and it's already hay fever season where she lives. Sure enough, when Lakdawala gave her daughter allergy medication, her symptoms resolved.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The key, says Lakdawala, is that her daughter had no known exposures to COVID-19. \"If we had been on a plane recently, or otherwise traveling, then I would definitely want to get her tested for COVID,\" the parent says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Test for the coronavirus when warranted.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ahead of those sniffles, while everyone's healthy, figure out where your child and others in your home can get\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/05/01/847368012/how-reliable-are-covid-19-tests-depends-which-one-you-mean\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PCR-tested\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for the coronavirus on short notice with quick results. \"Our pediatrician's office, like many pediatric clinics, has walk-in hours for children who are sick,\" says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bumc.bu.edu/busm/profile/cassandra-pierre/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Cassandra Pierre\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, medical director of public health programs at Boston Medical Center and the parent of 3-year-old twins. \"Those hours are in the morning, which means my child could get tested and, hopefully, get the results in the same day.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keep your child at home until those test results come back, says Pierre.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[ad fullwidth]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another option is to buy some over-the-counter,\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/22/989934597/as-at-home-coronavirus-tests-hit-pharmacies-what-role-can-they-play-in-the-pande\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rapid antigen tests\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> from the pharmacy now and keep them in your medicine cabinet for a time when you might need them, says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/our-people/gronvall/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gigi Gronvall\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an immunologist and researcher at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. She has two kids, ages 11 and 14. These swab tests are less sensitive than PCR tests (so they might miss very minor infections). But they're quick, easy to use, and considered to be fairly accurate in people who are actively sick. \"They certainly provide peace of mind, especially if [people are] symptomatic,\" Gronvall says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even if those symptoms turn out to be \"just a cold,\" try not to spread it.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whatever your child's COVID-19 status, please don't send them back to school if they're still coughing and sneezing, Pierre says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her 3-year-old was home sick from day care with a cold the day we spoke with her. \"If my son is still sick tomorrow, still stuffy and having nasal secretions, I wouldn't necessarily put him right back and expose other children to another respiratory virus,\" Pierre says. As difficult as it is to arrange for child care, the pandemic has driven home to her that \"we really rely on the decisions that other people make,\" she says. \"I want to make sure that I'm making good decisions to prevent other children and parents potentially from getting sick.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If kids must return to camp or school or day care with mild cold symptoms, they should wear masks consistently, says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/monica.gandhi\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Monica Gandhi\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an infectious disease doctor at UCSF.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID=news_11881535]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What If My Child Tests Positive for the Coronavirus?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"Don't panic,\" says Pierre. \"The first thing to remember is that children are incredibly resilient.\" Most cases of COVID-19 in\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html#Children\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">children are mild\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Keep a close eye on your child and check in with the pediatrician, particularly if your child has underlying health conditions that may need monitoring.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Think ahead of time about who will take care of whom — and how — if somebody gets sick.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Households are complicated, so think right now about how you could limit the sick child's contact with others in your home. Consider how you and any other members could best divvy up care. If your situation requires backup, Lakdawala suggests reaching out to fully vaccinated family members, friends or neighbors who may be able to step in and offer help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Lakdawala and her husband have walked through this scenario. They are both fully vaccinated, but their two children are not yet eligible. If one child tests positive for the coronavirus, she says, they will split the household into parent-child pairs in different parts of the house. They might then take turns in the kitchen and minimize the amount of time they're in enclosed spaces with each other.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Layer protections to reduce the risk of household transmission.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Space is limited for most families in the U.S. Still, there are proven ways to reduce the risks of transmission. The key is to rely on multiple types of protection.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">COVID-19 is primarily transmitted\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/sars-cov-2-transmission.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">through the air\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so Pierre notes that \"respiratory hygiene is your No. 1 priority.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If indoor space is shared with a sick person, everyone in the house\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/07/17/1017075240/delta-variant-is-spreading-fast-and-new-cases-are-rising-is-time-to-mask-up-agai\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">should wear masks\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as much as possible, says Gandhi. This means at all times, except when eating, drinking and sleeping. For the sick person, this reduces the amount of virus they exhale into the air, and for others in the household, it limits the amount of virus they breathe in. If a room is available, an older child who is sick with COVID-19 may be able to isolate there, says Pierre. This limits the presence of the virus to a specific part of the home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Get fresh air into the house to disperse any clouds of virus that may be lingering in the air, Lakdawala advises: \"Open the windows, turn on the fans, get some air circulating.\"\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air purifiers, available in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884658/free-air-filters-for-lower-income-people-with-asthma-how-bay-area-homes-can-sign-up\">six Bay Area counties\u003c/a> to lower-income residents with asthma,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> could help filter virus out of the air in a closed room, Pierre adds.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another possible route of transmission is picking up the live virus on your hands and touching your eyes, nose or mouth. So periodically\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/disinfecting-your-home.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">clean and disinfect\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> shared surfaces such as the bathroom counter or kitchen table, particularly if a sick person has been coughing or sneezing nearby, Pierre says. After a few days (the CDC recommends\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/testing.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">three to five days\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> after a known exposure), it's a good idea to get the rest of the household tested for the coronavirus.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The best defense, Pierre says, is vaccines. \"We really should be thinking about getting as many people in the household vaccinated as possible to protect themselves, but also to protect the child.\" Vaccinated people can provide care\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/fully-vaccinated-guidance.html#anchor_1617376555813\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">without needing to quarantine\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so long as they remain healthy, without COVID-19 symptoms.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keep your child home until they're no longer contagious.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though asymptomatic infections can spread disease, too, people with COVID-19 are most likely to spread the infection to others when symptoms first appear. So\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/quarantine.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fif-you-are-sick%2Fisolation.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">10 days after symptoms first appear\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, if those symptoms have resolved without the continued use of fever-reducing medicine, the illness is no longer considered contagious, Gronvall says. Sometimes, children develop symptoms such as loss of taste and smell that can last longer, \"but as far as there being a danger to others, these symptoms don't need to interfere with them going back to school,\" she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Again, if child care is an issue, fully vaccinated family members, friends or neighbors may be able to help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11884679\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11884679\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"young child on slide wearing a mask\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child goes down a concrete slide at Youngblood Coleman Playground in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What Kind of Mask Should a Child Wear?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wear any mask that fits well — with no gaps around the mouth, nose or chin — and is comfortable. While adults these days are being encouraged\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/02/03/962197192/5-hacks-to-make-your-face-mask-more-protective\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to step up our mask game\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> beyond cloth versions, the advice for children may be a little different. \"The best mask is one that they can wear for long periods of time, even in school,\" Pierre says. \"A cotton mask is the most comfortable, lightweight and breathable.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bonus points if the kids like the design: A child is more likely to wear a mask they find appealing, and to wear it consistently and correctly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"My kids have the cutest masks,\" Lakdawala says. \"They have the ones that look like little cat faces and smiley faces or dogs or bears or whatever.\" Gronvall's 11-year-old prefers a mask that is \"silky and has pictures of cats in outer space that have lasers coming out of their eyes,\" so she has ordered several of those masks to send with him to school. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kids can also DIY existing masks with art supplies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you want to add more protection, Gandhi suggests wearing two masks, which creates a tighter mask fit on the face, or adding a filter layer to a child's mask. \"You can buy a cloth mask with a pocket, and\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.18.20233353v1\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">use vacuum bag material as a filter\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It's thin and it blocks virus very effectively,\" she says. Still, she agrees that the bottom line with kids is comfort. So if these interventions make them less likely to wear the mask, she says you can skip them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Is It OK to Hug Our Kids When They're Sick with COVID-19?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The reassurance of physical contact — hugs and cuddles — can be important, especially for little ones, Lakdawala says. \"I'm not going to deny or deprive my child of that comfort when they're not feeling well.\" And you may feel that way, too. But Pierre says that if the kids are older, \"I would recommend physical distancing.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/11/covid-19-most-contagious-first-5-days-illness-study-finds\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Studies suggest\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that a person with COVID-19 is most infectious in the first five days, so Gandhi says she'd aim to limit close contact in that period. \"For the first five days, I'd let them watch TV and I would try to not be as cuddly,\" she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"At night, if a child has a fever and needs comfort, that can be difficult,\" says Pierre. Nobody recommends wearing a protective mask while sleeping, but if you're sharing a bed with a sick child, you might consider facing in the same direction from behind them, or away — so they're not breathing directly into your face — and opening up the windows or using air purifiers to help clear the air.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lakdawala says wearing masks when someone is sick with COVID-19, and, again, divvying up care responsibilities (including hugs), can help reduce the risk that everyone in the household gets sick.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside label='Coronavirus Coverage' tag='coronavirus,vaccines,vaccination']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What Do I Do if My Child Is Sent Home From School After a COVID-19 Exposure?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your child is unvaccinated, quarantine your child, wear masks, watch for symptoms and test.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If the school district provides specific instructions for quarantining, follow that guidance, Pierre says. The CDC has a specific definition for \"close contact\" between kids in schools, and\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/contact-tracing/contact-tracing-plan/appendix.html#contact\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">it is more lenient\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> than in other settings: \"If your child is physically distancing 3 feet from another child who's sick and both of them are wearing masks consistently, we would not actually consider that to be an exposure,\" says Pierre. \"But if that is not what has happened, then the child needs\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/quarantine.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to be quarantined\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the house, take reasonable precautions, says Pierre, \"but it's not necessarily with the rigor of having to go to your room and stay there,\" unless your child develops symptoms or tests positive for the coronavirus. Instead, try to keep some physical distance between the quarantining child and other household members, and have the child and/or those other family members wear a mask, especially those who are the most vulnerable and unvaccinated.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Lakdawala's home, her two children — both too young to be vaccinated — typically share a room. If one were in quarantine, \"I would separate them in terms of where they would sleep, but I would probably still send the other one to school if it was just an exposure,\" she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She would wait a few days and then get the quarantining child tested for the coronavirus with a PCR test. In the interim, she'd\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">watch for symptoms\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. If no symptoms develop or the test comes back negative, it's fine to resume all the usual activities\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/k-12-guidance.html#contact-tracing\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after seven to 14 days\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, depending on your school's policy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And while the child in quarantine is staying home, Lakdawala says, the rest of the household can keep on with essential business — school, work, grocery shopping and the like — with some precautions. The whole family should refrain from playdates or gatherings and wear masks in public, indoor settings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR editor and producer \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/468930062/jane-greenhalgh\">\u003cem>Jane Greenhalgh\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and correspondent \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/146944972/rob-stein/\">\u003cem>Rob Stein\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed reporting, and KQED's Jenny Pritchett contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+To+Keep+Your+Child+Safe+From+The+Delta+Variant&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Some public health experts are also parents of little kids, and have to strategize to keep those too young to be vaccinated from getting or spreading the delta variant. Here are their tips.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It's inevitable that when kids mix as they head back to school, germs spread. And in a pandemic year fueled by the delta variant, some of those germs may cause COVID-19. The CDC has advice for keeping your child protected from this highly contagious version of the coronavirus now and this fall: Mask up in schools and other crowded venues, and make sure everyone age 12 and older in the family gets a COVID-19 shot.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what if your kids are younger than that? What if they develop symptoms or come into contact with someone who tests positive for the coronavirus?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Rules for testing and quarantining vary from place to place, so we asked several public health experts — all parents — about their personal strategies for keeping their kids and families safe these days.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What Do I Do if My Kid Wakes Up with the Sniffles?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keep your child at home and consult the pediatrician.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"This happened to us [recently], for camp,\" says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mmg.pitt.edu/person/seema-s-lakdawala\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Seema Lakdawala\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a virologist who studies flu transmission at the University of Pittsburgh. She has two daughters, ages 5 and 8. \"My [8-year-old] daughter woke up and was sneezing and had a runny nose.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She kept her daughter home and then called the pediatrician to talk through her symptoms. The likely culprit was allergies, the doctor told her; the child has known allergies to grass pollen, and it's already hay fever season where she lives. Sure enough, when Lakdawala gave her daughter allergy medication, her symptoms resolved.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The key, says Lakdawala, is that her daughter had no known exposures to COVID-19. \"If we had been on a plane recently, or otherwise traveling, then I would definitely want to get her tested for COVID,\" the parent says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Test for the coronavirus when warranted.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ahead of those sniffles, while everyone's healthy, figure out where your child and others in your home can get\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2020/05/01/847368012/how-reliable-are-covid-19-tests-depends-which-one-you-mean\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PCR-tested\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for the coronavirus on short notice with quick results. \"Our pediatrician's office, like many pediatric clinics, has walk-in hours for children who are sick,\" says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bumc.bu.edu/busm/profile/cassandra-pierre/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Cassandra Pierre\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, medical director of public health programs at Boston Medical Center and the parent of 3-year-old twins. \"Those hours are in the morning, which means my child could get tested and, hopefully, get the results in the same day.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keep your child at home until those test results come back, says Pierre.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another option is to buy some over-the-counter,\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/22/989934597/as-at-home-coronavirus-tests-hit-pharmacies-what-role-can-they-play-in-the-pande\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rapid antigen tests\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> from the pharmacy now and keep them in your medicine cabinet for a time when you might need them, says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.centerforhealthsecurity.org/our-people/gronvall/\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Gigi Gronvall\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an immunologist and researcher at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security. She has two kids, ages 11 and 14. These swab tests are less sensitive than PCR tests (so they might miss very minor infections). But they're quick, easy to use, and considered to be fairly accurate in people who are actively sick. \"They certainly provide peace of mind, especially if [people are] symptomatic,\" Gronvall says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Even if those symptoms turn out to be \"just a cold,\" try not to spread it.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whatever your child's COVID-19 status, please don't send them back to school if they're still coughing and sneezing, Pierre says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Her 3-year-old was home sick from day care with a cold the day we spoke with her. \"If my son is still sick tomorrow, still stuffy and having nasal secretions, I wouldn't necessarily put him right back and expose other children to another respiratory virus,\" Pierre says. As difficult as it is to arrange for child care, the pandemic has driven home to her that \"we really rely on the decisions that other people make,\" she says. \"I want to make sure that I'm making good decisions to prevent other children and parents potentially from getting sick.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If kids must return to camp or school or day care with mild cold symptoms, they should wear masks consistently, says\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://profiles.ucsf.edu/monica.gandhi\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Dr. Monica Gandhi\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an infectious disease doctor at UCSF.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What If My Child Tests Positive for the Coronavirus?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"Don't panic,\" says Pierre. \"The first thing to remember is that children are incredibly resilient.\" Most cases of COVID-19 in\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/faq.html#Children\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">children are mild\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Keep a close eye on your child and check in with the pediatrician, particularly if your child has underlying health conditions that may need monitoring.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Think ahead of time about who will take care of whom — and how — if somebody gets sick.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Households are complicated, so think right now about how you could limit the sick child's contact with others in your home. Consider how you and any other members could best divvy up care. If your situation requires backup, Lakdawala suggests reaching out to fully vaccinated family members, friends or neighbors who may be able to step in and offer help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Lakdawala and her husband have walked through this scenario. They are both fully vaccinated, but their two children are not yet eligible. If one child tests positive for the coronavirus, she says, they will split the household into parent-child pairs in different parts of the house. They might then take turns in the kitchen and minimize the amount of time they're in enclosed spaces with each other.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Layer protections to reduce the risk of household transmission.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Space is limited for most families in the U.S. Still, there are proven ways to reduce the risks of transmission. The key is to rely on multiple types of protection.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">COVID-19 is primarily transmitted\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/sars-cov-2-transmission.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">through the air\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so Pierre notes that \"respiratory hygiene is your No. 1 priority.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If indoor space is shared with a sick person, everyone in the house\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/07/17/1017075240/delta-variant-is-spreading-fast-and-new-cases-are-rising-is-time-to-mask-up-agai\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">should wear masks\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> as much as possible, says Gandhi. This means at all times, except when eating, drinking and sleeping. For the sick person, this reduces the amount of virus they exhale into the air, and for others in the household, it limits the amount of virus they breathe in. If a room is available, an older child who is sick with COVID-19 may be able to isolate there, says Pierre. This limits the presence of the virus to a specific part of the home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Get fresh air into the house to disperse any clouds of virus that may be lingering in the air, Lakdawala advises: \"Open the windows, turn on the fans, get some air circulating.\"\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Air purifiers, available in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11884658/free-air-filters-for-lower-income-people-with-asthma-how-bay-area-homes-can-sign-up\">six Bay Area counties\u003c/a> to lower-income residents with asthma,\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> could help filter virus out of the air in a closed room, Pierre adds.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another possible route of transmission is picking up the live virus on your hands and touching your eyes, nose or mouth. So periodically\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/disinfecting-your-home.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">clean and disinfect\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> shared surfaces such as the bathroom counter or kitchen table, particularly if a sick person has been coughing or sneezing nearby, Pierre says. After a few days (the CDC recommends\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/testing.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">three to five days\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> after a known exposure), it's a good idea to get the rest of the household tested for the coronavirus.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The best defense, Pierre says, is vaccines. \"We really should be thinking about getting as many people in the household vaccinated as possible to protect themselves, but also to protect the child.\" Vaccinated people can provide care\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/fully-vaccinated-guidance.html#anchor_1617376555813\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">without needing to quarantine\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, so long as they remain healthy, without COVID-19 symptoms.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Keep your child home until they're no longer contagious.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though asymptomatic infections can spread disease, too, people with COVID-19 are most likely to spread the infection to others when symptoms first appear. So\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/quarantine.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fcoronavirus%2F2019-ncov%2Fif-you-are-sick%2Fisolation.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">10 days after symptoms first appear\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, if those symptoms have resolved without the continued use of fever-reducing medicine, the illness is no longer considered contagious, Gronvall says. Sometimes, children develop symptoms such as loss of taste and smell that can last longer, \"but as far as there being a danger to others, these symptoms don't need to interfere with them going back to school,\" she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Again, if child care is an issue, fully vaccinated family members, friends or neighbors may be able to help.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11884679\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11884679\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut.jpg\" alt=\"young child on slide wearing a mask\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/08/RS46334_012_KQED_SanFrancisco_Playgrounds_12102020-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A child goes down a concrete slide at Youngblood Coleman Playground in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What Kind of Mask Should a Child Wear?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wear any mask that fits well — with no gaps around the mouth, nose or chin — and is comfortable. While adults these days are being encouraged\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/02/03/962197192/5-hacks-to-make-your-face-mask-more-protective\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to step up our mask game\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> beyond cloth versions, the advice for children may be a little different. \"The best mask is one that they can wear for long periods of time, even in school,\" Pierre says. \"A cotton mask is the most comfortable, lightweight and breathable.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bonus points if the kids like the design: A child is more likely to wear a mask they find appealing, and to wear it consistently and correctly. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"My kids have the cutest masks,\" Lakdawala says. \"They have the ones that look like little cat faces and smiley faces or dogs or bears or whatever.\" Gronvall's 11-year-old prefers a mask that is \"silky and has pictures of cats in outer space that have lasers coming out of their eyes,\" so she has ordered several of those masks to send with him to school. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Kids can also DIY existing masks with art supplies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you want to add more protection, Gandhi suggests wearing two masks, which creates a tighter mask fit on the face, or adding a filter layer to a child's mask. \"You can buy a cloth mask with a pocket, and\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.18.20233353v1\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">use vacuum bag material as a filter\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It's thin and it blocks virus very effectively,\" she says. Still, she agrees that the bottom line with kids is comfort. So if these interventions make them less likely to wear the mask, she says you can skip them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>Is It OK to Hug Our Kids When They're Sick with COVID-19?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The reassurance of physical contact — hugs and cuddles — can be important, especially for little ones, Lakdawala says. \"I'm not going to deny or deprive my child of that comfort when they're not feeling well.\" And you may feel that way, too. But Pierre says that if the kids are older, \"I would recommend physical distancing.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cidrap.umn.edu/news-perspective/2020/11/covid-19-most-contagious-first-5-days-illness-study-finds\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Studies suggest\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that a person with COVID-19 is most infectious in the first five days, so Gandhi says she'd aim to limit close contact in that period. \"For the first five days, I'd let them watch TV and I would try to not be as cuddly,\" she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\"At night, if a child has a fever and needs comfort, that can be difficult,\" says Pierre. Nobody recommends wearing a protective mask while sleeping, but if you're sharing a bed with a sick child, you might consider facing in the same direction from behind them, or away — so they're not breathing directly into your face — and opening up the windows or using air purifiers to help clear the air.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Lakdawala says wearing masks when someone is sick with COVID-19, and, again, divvying up care responsibilities (including hugs), can help reduce the risk that everyone in the household gets sick.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>\u003cb>What Do I Do if My Child Is Sent Home From School After a COVID-19 Exposure?\u003c/b>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If your child is unvaccinated, quarantine your child, wear masks, watch for symptoms and test.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If the school district provides specific instructions for quarantining, follow that guidance, Pierre says. The CDC has a specific definition for \"close contact\" between kids in schools, and\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/php/contact-tracing/contact-tracing-plan/appendix.html#contact\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">it is more lenient\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> than in other settings: \"If your child is physically distancing 3 feet from another child who's sick and both of them are wearing masks consistently, we would not actually consider that to be an exposure,\" says Pierre. \"But if that is not what has happened, then the child needs\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/if-you-are-sick/quarantine.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to be quarantined\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\"\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the house, take reasonable precautions, says Pierre, \"but it's not necessarily with the rigor of having to go to your room and stay there,\" unless your child develops symptoms or tests positive for the coronavirus. Instead, try to keep some physical distance between the quarantining child and other household members, and have the child and/or those other family members wear a mask, especially those who are the most vulnerable and unvaccinated.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In Lakdawala's home, her two children — both too young to be vaccinated — typically share a room. If one were in quarantine, \"I would separate them in terms of where they would sleep, but I would probably still send the other one to school if it was just an exposure,\" she says.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She would wait a few days and then get the quarantining child tested for the coronavirus with a PCR test. In the interim, she'd\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/symptoms-testing/symptoms.html\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">watch for symptoms\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. If no symptoms develop or the test comes back negative, it's fine to resume all the usual activities\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/community/schools-childcare/k-12-guidance.html#contact-tracing\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">after seven to 14 days\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, depending on your school's policy.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And while the child in quarantine is staying home, Lakdawala says, the rest of the household can keep on with essential business — school, work, grocery shopping and the like — with some precautions. The whole family should refrain from playdates or gatherings and wear masks in public, indoor settings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR editor and producer \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/468930062/jane-greenhalgh\">\u003cem>Jane Greenhalgh\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and correspondent \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/people/146944972/rob-stein/\">\u003cem>Rob Stein\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed reporting, and KQED's Jenny Pritchett contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2021 NPR. To see more, visit npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=How+To+Keep+Your+Child+Safe+From+The+Delta+Variant&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California has almost 3 million children 5 years old and younger. As many parents of young children know, finding affordable, high-quality child care is hard to find — especially in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of thousands of families who qualify for child care programs can’t access them because there simply aren’t enough slots. The pandemic, which led to the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/children-and-youth/2021/03/child-care-centers-close/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">closure of 8,500 care facilities\u003c/a>, only worsened the bottleneck. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Deborah Stipek, professor, Stanford University Graduate School of Education\"]‘Every dollar we invest in those first five years comes back to us multiple times.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lack of child care means that in many households, at least one parent, usually the mother, according to labor statistics, isn’t able to work. The pandemic caused a “she-cession” rather than a recession, by disproportionately pulling women out of the workforce for lack of child care, said Democratic state Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who chairs the California Senate Budget and Fiscal Review Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 23, California signed a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-business-health-government-and-politics-california-ecf40600c46de16e7fb12c3d70d390bf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first-time contract with 40,000 child care providers\u003c/a> under a new collective bargaining agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contract with \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-business-health-government-and-politics-california-ecf40600c46de16e7fb12c3d70d390bf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Child Care Providers United\u003c/a> increased wage rates and began phasing in 200,000 subsidized child care slots that the governor and advocates said are crucial to reopening a state economy pummeled by the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bill\u003c/a> also includes $40 million to help providers with training and professional development and $579 million to help child care and preschool providers who suffered during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the new law, “women and parents can get back to work in California,” Skinner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bargaining agreement also empowers caregivers who are primarily women, many of them women of color, Gov. Gavin Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about fundamental infrastructure — the human capital — that’s as important as roads and bridges,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 19, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101884471/next-steps-for-a-childcare-system-in-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Forum host Alexis Madrigal\u003c/a> spoke with the following guests to gain a better understanding of some of the child care issues facing the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin\u003c/strong>, executive director, UC Berkeley Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Eileen Boris\u003c/strong>, Hull professor and distinguished professor of feminist studies, UC Santa Barbara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek\u003c/strong>, professor, Stanford University Graduate School of Education\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Micaela Mota\u003c/strong>, mother, parent leader, Parent Voices California\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> \u003cem>What ugly truth did the pandemic reveal about America’s child care system?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin: \u003c/strong>It really revealed just how fragile and broken our child care system is. We had a system coming into the pandemic where we didn’t have enough child care available for families. It’s incredibly expensive for families, but that still doesn’t actually cover the full cost of what it takes to provide early care and education services. We’re relying on a market and the market doesn’t work. So what that means is the system gets subsidized on the backs of the people doing the work — with incredibly low wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The True Cost of Child Care\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Your center has done some research into the true cost of child care for very young children. Could you walk us through what those estimates showed?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin:\u003c/strong> If we were covering the full cost of early care and education in California on the low end, that’s about $30 billion a year for child care and early learning. That’s a system that is acceptable for families, that is universal and a system that is paying the people, mostly women, living wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today we have a system where our workforce in child care is 80% of what it was in March of 2020. We didn’t have enough before. We don’t have enough now. And there’s just not enough incentive for people to stay doing this work and to support the robust system that we need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Have we ever done child care well in the United States?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eileen Boris:\u003c/strong> WWII. War has a way of people focusing on what the government can do. It was during WWII, in 1943, that federal money for public facilities was used for child care. After the war, these funds dissipated from the federal government. But California parents and teachers and public organizations running the gamut came together to continue these child care centers in California. In 1957, they actually became part of the Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was a hitch. Once you move from a program, which could benefit us all, to a program that is targeted for those of us with the least resources, then the program becomes stigmatized and it becomes associated not with education, but with uplifting of the poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>As a parent, from your perspective, what would you like to see done?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Micaela Mota: \u003c/strong>What I would like to see done is that our country is able to see the importance of what child care means for our nation. I am now a school psychologist and continue to be a mental health provider and child care actually provides the foundation for all of the necessary skills that our children need once they enter school. I want for us to all know the importance of child care. I want us to all to be able to afford child care and see that it’s a necessity — it’s essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What California Is Currently Doing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deborah Stipek, a professor at the Stanford University Graduate School of Education, can you to talk briefly about what California is doing at this moment in time?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek:\u003c/strong> This is really a wonderful time in California because we have a Legislature and governor who I think really appreciates the importance of those early years and the value in investing in the high-quality experiences for children in those early years. The current budget has a number of funding that it points to addressing some of the access problems that we’ve been talking about and also some strategies for increasing quality. These early years in children’s development are laying the foundation for their future social and academic emotional development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know now with the research, that an enormous amount of brain development occurs in those first five years. The other thing that points to the importance of quality is that if you look at all of the evidence on the long-term benefits of preschool, it comes from very high-quality preschool programs. We can’t assume that just increasing preschool or increasing child care is necessarily going to promote better experiences or long-term benefits for children. We really need to invest also in the quality of that care and those educational programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Important Is Early Childhood Education?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>One thing we haven’t touched on is the importance of this kind of early childhood education for educational and life outcomes for kids. How big of a lever is this?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek:\u003c/strong> It can be a pretty big lever. One thing I wanted to mention that I don’t think many people know, is that the achievement gap that we worry about for children in K-12 actually exists before they enter kindergarten. California has a larger achievement gap than most other states in K-12. But the reason it is larger than most other states is that it has an unusually large gap between lower-income children and middle- and upper-income children when they enter kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By providing high-quality early childhood educational opportunities, we can actually reduce those costs. Not only is the individual benefiting, but society is benefiting. Every dollar we invest in those first five years comes back to us multiple times. It’s just hard to make an argument, I think, for people, for legislators who tend to think short term to get them focused on the long term. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lea Austin, executive director, UC Berkeley Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\"]‘The problem is a commitment and a valuing of early care and education in California and in this country.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There is going to be a universal transitional program here in California. Can you tell us a little more about it, and whether you think it’s really going to to make a big impact?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek: \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>Providing care only to people who are eligible because of their very low income, such as in Head Start or in state pre-K is segregating low-income children — which the research suggests is not a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research has shown that transitional kindergarten actually has many benefits for children. And when the studies have compared children who are in transitional kindergarten to same-age children who are in preschool settings, transitional kindergarten children actually are better prepared academically and they’re no different socially and emotionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, I go back to the training and support of the teachers right now. As you all know, 4-year-olds are very different from 11-year-olds. People need to be well prepared to meet their developmental needs and to provide an appropriate and developmentally appropriate program. I would prefer having what most states have, which is an early childhood teacher credential that really prepares people to focus on young children.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shifting Value\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What’s the way out of this logjam?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin:\u003c/strong> It’s not that hard. The problem is a commitment and a valuing of early care and education in California and in this country. We know how technically to solve the problem. [aside tag=\"child-care\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a matter of saying this is a critical part of our infrastructure. It’s necessary to support families, it’s necessary to support our economy, and it’s necessary to make sure the people doing this work are not worried about feeding their own families. The problem is getting movement on that, getting the general public, and our legislators to support that in full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of my colleagues at the Economic Policy Institute have done some estimates to help us understand what the harm is and what the loss is for not doing that. They’ve estimated that parents are foregoing $30-$35 billion in income and lost household income because they either have to leave the labor force, or reduce their hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot that we’re losing now, there’s ways in which people are harmed and there’s a lot we can be doing to make change and improve the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101884471/next-steps-for-a-childcare-system-in-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Forum\u003c/a> to hear the full episode.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting from The Associated Press’s Don Thompson used in this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California has almost 3 million children 5 years old and younger. As many parents of young children know, finding affordable, high-quality child care is hard to find — especially in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hundreds of thousands of families who qualify for child care programs can’t access them because there simply aren’t enough slots. The pandemic, which led to the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/children-and-youth/2021/03/child-care-centers-close/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">closure of 8,500 care facilities\u003c/a>, only worsened the bottleneck. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lack of child care means that in many households, at least one parent, usually the mother, according to labor statistics, isn’t able to work. The pandemic caused a “she-cession” rather than a recession, by disproportionately pulling women out of the workforce for lack of child care, said Democratic state Sen. Nancy Skinner, D-Berkeley, who chairs the California Senate Budget and Fiscal Review Committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 23, California signed a \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-business-health-government-and-politics-california-ecf40600c46de16e7fb12c3d70d390bf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first-time contract with 40,000 child care providers\u003c/a> under a new collective bargaining agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The contract with \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-business-health-government-and-politics-california-ecf40600c46de16e7fb12c3d70d390bf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Child Care Providers United\u003c/a> increased wage rates and began phasing in 200,000 subsidized child care slots that the governor and advocates said are crucial to reopening a state economy pummeled by the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A state \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB131\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bill\u003c/a> also includes $40 million to help providers with training and professional development and $579 million to help child care and preschool providers who suffered during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the new law, “women and parents can get back to work in California,” Skinner said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bargaining agreement also empowers caregivers who are primarily women, many of them women of color, Gov. Gavin Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about fundamental infrastructure — the human capital — that’s as important as roads and bridges,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 19, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101884471/next-steps-for-a-childcare-system-in-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Forum host Alexis Madrigal\u003c/a> spoke with the following guests to gain a better understanding of some of the child care issues facing the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin\u003c/strong>, executive director, UC Berkeley Center for the Study of Child Care Employment\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Eileen Boris\u003c/strong>, Hull professor and distinguished professor of feminist studies, UC Santa Barbara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek\u003c/strong>, professor, Stanford University Graduate School of Education\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Micaela Mota\u003c/strong>, mother, parent leader, Parent Voices California\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The following interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Alexis Madrigal:\u003c/strong> \u003cem>What ugly truth did the pandemic reveal about America’s child care system?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin: \u003c/strong>It really revealed just how fragile and broken our child care system is. We had a system coming into the pandemic where we didn’t have enough child care available for families. It’s incredibly expensive for families, but that still doesn’t actually cover the full cost of what it takes to provide early care and education services. We’re relying on a market and the market doesn’t work. So what that means is the system gets subsidized on the backs of the people doing the work — with incredibly low wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>The True Cost of Child Care\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Your center has done some research into the true cost of child care for very young children. Could you walk us through what those estimates showed?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin:\u003c/strong> If we were covering the full cost of early care and education in California on the low end, that’s about $30 billion a year for child care and early learning. That’s a system that is acceptable for families, that is universal and a system that is paying the people, mostly women, living wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today we have a system where our workforce in child care is 80% of what it was in March of 2020. We didn’t have enough before. We don’t have enough now. And there’s just not enough incentive for people to stay doing this work and to support the robust system that we need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Have we ever done child care well in the United States?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eileen Boris:\u003c/strong> WWII. War has a way of people focusing on what the government can do. It was during WWII, in 1943, that federal money for public facilities was used for child care. After the war, these funds dissipated from the federal government. But California parents and teachers and public organizations running the gamut came together to continue these child care centers in California. In 1957, they actually became part of the Department of Education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there was a hitch. Once you move from a program, which could benefit us all, to a program that is targeted for those of us with the least resources, then the program becomes stigmatized and it becomes associated not with education, but with uplifting of the poor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>As a parent, from your perspective, what would you like to see done?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Micaela Mota: \u003c/strong>What I would like to see done is that our country is able to see the importance of what child care means for our nation. I am now a school psychologist and continue to be a mental health provider and child care actually provides the foundation for all of the necessary skills that our children need once they enter school. I want for us to all know the importance of child care. I want us to all to be able to afford child care and see that it’s a necessity — it’s essential.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What California Is Currently Doing\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deborah Stipek, a professor at the Stanford University Graduate School of Education, can you to talk briefly about what California is doing at this moment in time?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek:\u003c/strong> This is really a wonderful time in California because we have a Legislature and governor who I think really appreciates the importance of those early years and the value in investing in the high-quality experiences for children in those early years. The current budget has a number of funding that it points to addressing some of the access problems that we’ve been talking about and also some strategies for increasing quality. These early years in children’s development are laying the foundation for their future social and academic emotional development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We know now with the research, that an enormous amount of brain development occurs in those first five years. The other thing that points to the importance of quality is that if you look at all of the evidence on the long-term benefits of preschool, it comes from very high-quality preschool programs. We can’t assume that just increasing preschool or increasing child care is necessarily going to promote better experiences or long-term benefits for children. We really need to invest also in the quality of that care and those educational programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How Important Is Early Childhood Education?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>One thing we haven’t touched on is the importance of this kind of early childhood education for educational and life outcomes for kids. How big of a lever is this?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek:\u003c/strong> It can be a pretty big lever. One thing I wanted to mention that I don’t think many people know, is that the achievement gap that we worry about for children in K-12 actually exists before they enter kindergarten. California has a larger achievement gap than most other states in K-12. But the reason it is larger than most other states is that it has an unusually large gap between lower-income children and middle- and upper-income children when they enter kindergarten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By providing high-quality early childhood educational opportunities, we can actually reduce those costs. Not only is the individual benefiting, but society is benefiting. Every dollar we invest in those first five years comes back to us multiple times. It’s just hard to make an argument, I think, for people, for legislators who tend to think short term to get them focused on the long term. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>There is going to be a universal transitional program here in California. Can you tell us a little more about it, and whether you think it’s really going to to make a big impact?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Deborah Stipek: \u003c/strong>\u003c/em>Providing care only to people who are eligible because of their very low income, such as in Head Start or in state pre-K is segregating low-income children — which the research suggests is not a good idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research has shown that transitional kindergarten actually has many benefits for children. And when the studies have compared children who are in transitional kindergarten to same-age children who are in preschool settings, transitional kindergarten children actually are better prepared academically and they’re no different socially and emotionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Again, I go back to the training and support of the teachers right now. As you all know, 4-year-olds are very different from 11-year-olds. People need to be well prepared to meet their developmental needs and to provide an appropriate and developmentally appropriate program. I would prefer having what most states have, which is an early childhood teacher credential that really prepares people to focus on young children.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shifting Value\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>What’s the way out of this logjam?\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lea Austin:\u003c/strong> It’s not that hard. The problem is a commitment and a valuing of early care and education in California and in this country. We know how technically to solve the problem. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a matter of saying this is a critical part of our infrastructure. It’s necessary to support families, it’s necessary to support our economy, and it’s necessary to make sure the people doing this work are not worried about feeding their own families. The problem is getting movement on that, getting the general public, and our legislators to support that in full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of my colleagues at the Economic Policy Institute have done some estimates to help us understand what the harm is and what the loss is for not doing that. They’ve estimated that parents are foregoing $30-$35 billion in income and lost household income because they either have to leave the labor force, or reduce their hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot that we’re losing now, there’s ways in which people are harmed and there’s a lot we can be doing to make change and improve the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101884471/next-steps-for-a-childcare-system-in-crisis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED Forum\u003c/a> to hear the full episode.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Additional reporting from The Associated Press’s Don Thompson used in this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, the impact of the coronavirus pandemic has trickled down to some of the most vulnerable residents: kids in the child welfare system. The number of kids in the system rose dramatically during 2020, according to \u003ca href=\"https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Factsheet-CY-2020.pdf\">data\u003c/a> released by the county’s Department of Children and Family Services. At the end of 2020, there were 3,535 more children in the system \u003ca href=\"https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Factsheet-CY-2019.pdf\">than in 2019\u003c/a>, a spike of 10% over the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put that increase in context, consider the numbers from the past five years: In 2015 there were 34,881 children in the system. That number crept upward most years, but never by more than a few hundred kids per year. An increase of 3,535 children for just a single year is significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCFS officials were careful to say that spike in the number of kids in the system doesn’t necessarily mean there has been a corresponding increase in child abuse or neglect over the last year. Instead they attribute the increase to many cases not closing due to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11807392/what-happens-when-courthouses-where-abuse-cases-are-heard-shut-down\">pandemic shuttering the courts\u003c/a>, which led to an overall slowdown in the processing of cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Leslie Heimov, executive director, Children’s Law Center of California\"]‘We know that there’s been a significant increase in mental health distress … So a parent who’s already fragile or a child who’s already fragile who has an interruption in their services or an interruption in their mental health treatment, that’s compounded by the stress of the pandemic and by the separation.’[/pullquote]Still, ascertaining if a child is being abused got infinitely harder after the COVID-19 pandemic hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, a teacher who called the department’s Child Protection Hotline told social worker Katherine Rossi that during a Zoom class, she noticed one of her first graders had a black eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is this the first time you see something like this, or do you think it might be the way it looks on the screen?” Rossi asked the teacher. “Did [the child] share anything that may help in regards to figuring out if he did have a black eye or not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rossi determined that the teacher should do more follow up with the child and his parents — there was just too little to go on from what the teacher reported. She then walked the teacher through how to follow up, also a tricky process in the virtual world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCFS Director Bobby Cagle said a teacher’s job of probing into the circumstances of a bruise is much harder over Zoom than simply being able to have a conversation with a child in the classroom. Over Zoom, teachers and social workers are “limited in what [they] can do because the child is at home … And you never know who is just off-screen,” Cagle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When shelter-in-place orders sent everyone home, calls to the hotline dropped dramatically. But as the year went on they crept back up, according to Carlos Torres, division chief of the Child Protection Hotline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now we’re getting 600 calls and online reports a day. Whereas if it was not COVID, we probably would be getting between 750 and 850 a day,” Torres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cagle also said the number of children removed from their parent(s) or guardian during 2020 due to suspected abuse or neglect showed a minimal increase from the year prior. “The removals actually did go up a little bit, but if you’re looking at it percentage wise, we remained relatively constant,” Cagle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But shuttered courts have meant fewer open cases were closed and fewer adoptions were finalized in 2020. The net result was that many children who would have had their cases closed did not — and they remain in an already overburdened system.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Isolation for Kids and Parents — Swelling Caseloads for Lawyers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The impact on the children has been significant,” said Leslie Heimov, executive director of the Children’s Law Center of California, which provides an attorney to every child who is removed from their parents due to issues of abuse or neglect. When the pandemic hit, in-person, supervised visits between those children and their parents were mostly stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a significant decline in the amount of face-to-face contact that children are having with their parents, with their siblings, with their extended family,” Heimov said. “Ironically, a foster parent could make a decision to bring their foster child with them when they went to visit their own sister or their next-door neighbor, but the child and their own parents might have been prohibited from seeing each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even well-intentioned changes – like case extensions to help parents comply with court orders – have caused hardship, Heimov added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Giving a family an extra six months, a year down the road to reunify doesn’t undo the damage that was perpetrated when they were physically separated from each other for three months, six months, nine months, however long it was that they weren’t able to have that incredibly important face-to-face contact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heimov also worries that the slowdown in the processing of cases may end up having a negative impact on some parents’ ability to reunite with their children at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that there’s been a significant increase in mental health distress throughout the whole country, so a parent who’s already fragile or a child who’s already fragile who has an interruption in their services or an interruption in their mental health treatment, that’s compounded by the stress of the pandemic and by the separation,” she said. “Then we may lose some parents who should have reunified and who were doing well, but this was just the straw that broke the camel’s back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='A Year of COVID' tag='a-year-of-covid']The spike in children in the system has also caused swelling caseloads for the children’s attorneys. “In January of 2020 we had 177 clients per attorney,” Heimov said. “We’ve gone from 177 children per lawyer to a high of 215… Having more clients reduces the amount of time that one can spend with each client.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An already overburdened system is now even more taxed, said Dennis Smeal, executive director of Los Angeles Dependency Lawyers, a nonprofit organization of five law firms that represent most of the parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before COVID we had 22,000 parents that we represented,” Smeal said. “By Dec. 31, we had 27,000, and that means that caseloads went up in some cases by 40%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lawyers are suffering,” he said, adding that his staff have been working extraordinary hours to meet the need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smeal does see some pandemic silver linings for families working to get their children back. He cites the new practice of filing paperwork electronically and the use of video conferencing to appear in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It used to be if you were a long-haul truck driver you had to make the choice between losing income or appearing at your court hearings,” Smeal said. “Now we have remote hearings that I hope we’ll be able to use whenever parents can’t appear personally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As social workers, court staff and attorneys are starting to get vaccinated, there may be more cases processed in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s going to be a big push to close as many cases as possible,” Smeal said. But until that happens, many children nearing reunification with their family will remain in foster care, a system at the brink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an early childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College, which is funded in part by First 5 LA. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In Los Angeles County, the impact of the coronavirus pandemic has trickled down to some of the most vulnerable residents: kids in the child welfare system. The number of kids in the system rose dramatically during 2020, according to \u003ca href=\"https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/Factsheet-CY-2020.pdf\">data\u003c/a> released by the county’s Department of Children and Family Services. At the end of 2020, there were 3,535 more children in the system \u003ca href=\"https://dcfs.lacounty.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/Factsheet-CY-2019.pdf\">than in 2019\u003c/a>, a spike of 10% over the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To put that increase in context, consider the numbers from the past five years: In 2015 there were 34,881 children in the system. That number crept upward most years, but never by more than a few hundred kids per year. An increase of 3,535 children for just a single year is significant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCFS officials were careful to say that spike in the number of kids in the system doesn’t necessarily mean there has been a corresponding increase in child abuse or neglect over the last year. Instead they attribute the increase to many cases not closing due to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11807392/what-happens-when-courthouses-where-abuse-cases-are-heard-shut-down\">pandemic shuttering the courts\u003c/a>, which led to an overall slowdown in the processing of cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Still, ascertaining if a child is being abused got infinitely harder after the COVID-19 pandemic hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, a teacher who called the department’s Child Protection Hotline told social worker Katherine Rossi that during a Zoom class, she noticed one of her first graders had a black eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is this the first time you see something like this, or do you think it might be the way it looks on the screen?” Rossi asked the teacher. “Did [the child] share anything that may help in regards to figuring out if he did have a black eye or not?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rossi determined that the teacher should do more follow up with the child and his parents — there was just too little to go on from what the teacher reported. She then walked the teacher through how to follow up, also a tricky process in the virtual world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DCFS Director Bobby Cagle said a teacher’s job of probing into the circumstances of a bruise is much harder over Zoom than simply being able to have a conversation with a child in the classroom. Over Zoom, teachers and social workers are “limited in what [they] can do because the child is at home … And you never know who is just off-screen,” Cagle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When shelter-in-place orders sent everyone home, calls to the hotline dropped dramatically. But as the year went on they crept back up, according to Carlos Torres, division chief of the Child Protection Hotline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now we’re getting 600 calls and online reports a day. Whereas if it was not COVID, we probably would be getting between 750 and 850 a day,” Torres said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cagle also said the number of children removed from their parent(s) or guardian during 2020 due to suspected abuse or neglect showed a minimal increase from the year prior. “The removals actually did go up a little bit, but if you’re looking at it percentage wise, we remained relatively constant,” Cagle said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But shuttered courts have meant fewer open cases were closed and fewer adoptions were finalized in 2020. The net result was that many children who would have had their cases closed did not — and they remain in an already overburdened system.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Isolation for Kids and Parents — Swelling Caseloads for Lawyers\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The impact on the children has been significant,” said Leslie Heimov, executive director of the Children’s Law Center of California, which provides an attorney to every child who is removed from their parents due to issues of abuse or neglect. When the pandemic hit, in-person, supervised visits between those children and their parents were mostly stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s been a significant decline in the amount of face-to-face contact that children are having with their parents, with their siblings, with their extended family,” Heimov said. “Ironically, a foster parent could make a decision to bring their foster child with them when they went to visit their own sister or their next-door neighbor, but the child and their own parents might have been prohibited from seeing each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even well-intentioned changes – like case extensions to help parents comply with court orders – have caused hardship, Heimov added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Giving a family an extra six months, a year down the road to reunify doesn’t undo the damage that was perpetrated when they were physically separated from each other for three months, six months, nine months, however long it was that they weren’t able to have that incredibly important face-to-face contact.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heimov also worries that the slowdown in the processing of cases may end up having a negative impact on some parents’ ability to reunite with their children at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that there’s been a significant increase in mental health distress throughout the whole country, so a parent who’s already fragile or a child who’s already fragile who has an interruption in their services or an interruption in their mental health treatment, that’s compounded by the stress of the pandemic and by the separation,” she said. “Then we may lose some parents who should have reunified and who were doing well, but this was just the straw that broke the camel’s back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The spike in children in the system has also caused swelling caseloads for the children’s attorneys. “In January of 2020 we had 177 clients per attorney,” Heimov said. “We’ve gone from 177 children per lawyer to a high of 215… Having more clients reduces the amount of time that one can spend with each client.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An already overburdened system is now even more taxed, said Dennis Smeal, executive director of Los Angeles Dependency Lawyers, a nonprofit organization of five law firms that represent most of the parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before COVID we had 22,000 parents that we represented,” Smeal said. “By Dec. 31, we had 27,000, and that means that caseloads went up in some cases by 40%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lawyers are suffering,” he said, adding that his staff have been working extraordinary hours to meet the need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smeal does see some pandemic silver linings for families working to get their children back. He cites the new practice of filing paperwork electronically and the use of video conferencing to appear in court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It used to be if you were a long-haul truck driver you had to make the choice between losing income or appearing at your court hearings,” Smeal said. “Now we have remote hearings that I hope we’ll be able to use whenever parents can’t appear personally.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As social workers, court staff and attorneys are starting to get vaccinated, there may be more cases processed in the near future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s going to be a big push to close as many cases as possible,” Smeal said. But until that happens, many children nearing reunification with their family will remain in foster care, a system at the brink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Deepa Fernandes is an early childhood reporting fellow at Pacific Oaks College, which is funded in part by First 5 LA. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545?mt=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Listen to this and more in-depth storytelling by subscribing to The California Report Magazine podcast.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We start the show with voices from California parents, teachers and students weighing in on the debate around schools reopening.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11863374/nightmares-of-black-zoom-boxes-a-day-in-the-life-of-an-oakland-remote-learning-teacher\">‘Nightmares’ of Black Zoom Boxes: A Day in the Life of an Oakland Remote Learning Teacher\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It has been almost a year since schools shut down in-person classes, and distance learning is taking a toll on students and parents. It’s also taking a toll on teachers, especially those with their own kids at home. KQED’s Vanessa Rancaño asked one Oakland teacher to keep an audio diary for a day, documenting her every move.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11861142/hed-still-be-here-today-in-oakland-a-push-to-resume-school-sports-to-stem-rising-violence\">‘He’d Still Be Here Today’: In Oakland, a Push to Resume School Sports to Stem Rising Violence\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California public health officials have given the green light for school sports to start up again, both outdoors and indoors, if they meet certain requirements. The pandemic had disrupted a lot of sports programs, some of which kept kids out of trouble. For some kids in Oakland, that sport was football. At the same time, 2020 marked one of the deadliest years on the streets of that city in the last decade. As KQED’s Marco Siler-Gonzales tells us, police officials and community activists say there’s a connection.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11861810/no-the-tuskegee-study-is-not-the-top-reason-some-black-americans-question-the-covid-19-vaccine\">No, the Tuskegee Study Is Not the Top Reason Some Black Americans Question the COVID-19 Vaccine\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Surveys show that Black Californians are a lot more reluctant to get the coronavirus vaccine than white Californians. But most surveys don’t ask respondents why. The California Report’s health correspondent April Dembosky reports one hypothesis politicians and medical experts have widely embraced, may not be as widespread in the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
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"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
"info": "Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America",
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