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"content": "\u003cp>Art and Spanish students at Washington High School are teaming up to design and write postcards for some of the thousands of migrant children in U.S. government custody, hoping it will bring a degree of comfort to kids who crossed the border on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karina Silvestro, 16, designed several postcards with black and white images of holding hands, which she said are meant to show unity and solidarity. As she edited her images to add an etched texture on a computer program, Silvestro said she tried to put herself in the shoes of the children who are far from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feeling it could be a \"scary and tense situation,\" Silvestro said she thought the postcards were maybe \"something that I would like to receive or could keep close to me, something that could give me security.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733246 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anaya De Leon, a senior at Washington High School, shows a postcard she created in her digital imaging class on Feb. 13, 2019. De Leon designed it for migrant children who were separated from parents at the border and are now being held at shelters. \"They need somebody to speak up for them,\" she said. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Silvestro, whose mother came to the U.S. as a refugee from Nicaragua in the 1980s, finished her postcards by adding messages in Spanish. One says, \"You are welcome,\" and another, \"I'm with you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know people like my mother who basically had to leave everything and come to a place that was unfamiliar and probably scary for the first few months she was here,\" said Silvestro. \"I want these kids to know that there are people here who care for you and appreciate you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the 11,500 minors being held at government-run shelters nationwide were first apprehended by U.S. immigration authorities while traveling from Central America without a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='migrant-children' label='More coverage of migrant children']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors are spending an average of three months at the shelters before being released to parents or sponsors in the U.S., according to data for this fiscal year. While critics say it's detrimental for children to be held that long, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services says the speed of release depend on its work with other federal agencies to identify and run background checks on potential sponsors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Washington High, teacher Barbara Boissevain assigned the postcard project to students in a digital imaging class. She was inspired by a 2015 exhibit by renowned Chinese artist Ai Weiwei at the former prison at Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ai Weiwei designed the installation about human rights and freedom of expression while he was under house arrest in Beijing. At the exhibit, visitors could write postcards addressed to political prisoners around the world as part of a campaign to free them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was just a beautiful experience,\" said Boissevain, a photographer and visual artist based in Palo Alto. \"To be able to communicate with somebody who is in solitary confinement, or they're cut off from their community, from their family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=”right” citation=\"Barbara Boissevain, Washington High School teacher\"]'I always want them to think of art as a very powerful tool in the world. And this is such a great example.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until last year that Boissevain read a book by Ai Weiwei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.for-site.org/project/ai-weiwei-alcatraz-yours-truly/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Truly Yours,\u003c/a> and found out prisons were inundated by the postcards — and some of those detainees had been released. That's when she decided to try a similar project with her art students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I always want them to think of art as a very powerful tool in the world. And this is such a great example,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733242 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postcards designed and written by students at Washington High School on Feb. 13, 2019. Teacher Barbara Boissevain plans to send more than 300 cards to shelters for unaccompanied minors in California and Texas. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boissevain said students decided who to create artwork for: While some chose to design postcards for victims of the recent California wildfires, others gravitated towards the plight of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The kids identify with them because they are the same age,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=”right” citation=\"Karina Silvestro, 16\"]'I want these kids to know that there are people here who care for you and appreciate you.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diverse ethnic makeup of the high school played a role, too, Boissevain said, noting some of her students from Iraq and Afghanistan have experienced life as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more than 1,900 students at Washington High School are overwhelmingly kids of color, with about half identifying as Asian and 23 percent as Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other postcards that students at Boissevain's class designed show birds flying out of a cage; a blossoming tree, with the words \"Stay Strong\" emblazoned in the middle; and the shapes of kids and adults — a family — holding hands with the word \"Together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help write messages on the back of cards for the Central American minors, Boissevain brought in students in a Spanish class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11733238\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spanish teacher Brandon Pierce translates notes for colleague Barbara Boissevain that his class wrote for unaccompanied minors. \"What was going on in their minds was very heartfelt and that's what ended up getting put down on paper,\" said Pierce of his students, some who are immigrants. \"Hopefully that makes a difference in somebody's day when they get to read this.\" \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Getsa Jimenez, 15, wrote on a postcard: \"I know things don't look so great right now. But don't worry, things will turn out OK in the end.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before writing the messages, Jimenez and her classmates interviewed immigrants about their journeys to the U.S. and researched the issues of asylum seekers and unaccompanied minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important for them to know that they're not alone because these are very tragic moments for them and their families as well,\" said Jimenez. \"I think they're really brave and strong to be there by themselves and keep going.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her classmate Kenneth Alvarado has another message: “You’ll get through it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to give them hope. Just to remind them to not give up,\" said Alvarado, 16. \"That this isn’t the whole world. This little cage isn’t everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Art and Spanish students at Washington High School are teaming up to design and write postcards for some of the thousands of migrant children in U.S. government custody, hoping it will bring a degree of comfort to kids who crossed the border on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karina Silvestro, 16, designed several postcards with black and white images of holding hands, which she said are meant to show unity and solidarity. As she edited her images to add an etched texture on a computer program, Silvestro said she tried to put herself in the shoes of the children who are far from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feeling it could be a \"scary and tense situation,\" Silvestro said she thought the postcards were maybe \"something that I would like to receive or could keep close to me, something that could give me security.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733246 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anaya De Leon, a senior at Washington High School, shows a postcard she created in her digital imaging class on Feb. 13, 2019. De Leon designed it for migrant children who were separated from parents at the border and are now being held at shelters. \"They need somebody to speak up for them,\" she said. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Silvestro, whose mother came to the U.S. as a refugee from Nicaragua in the 1980s, finished her postcards by adding messages in Spanish. One says, \"You are welcome,\" and another, \"I'm with you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know people like my mother who basically had to leave everything and come to a place that was unfamiliar and probably scary for the first few months she was here,\" said Silvestro. \"I want these kids to know that there are people here who care for you and appreciate you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the 11,500 minors being held at government-run shelters nationwide were first apprehended by U.S. immigration authorities while traveling from Central America without a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors are spending an average of three months at the shelters before being released to parents or sponsors in the U.S., according to data for this fiscal year. While critics say it's detrimental for children to be held that long, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services says the speed of release depend on its work with other federal agencies to identify and run background checks on potential sponsors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Washington High, teacher Barbara Boissevain assigned the postcard project to students in a digital imaging class. She was inspired by a 2015 exhibit by renowned Chinese artist Ai Weiwei at the former prison at Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ai Weiwei designed the installation about human rights and freedom of expression while he was under house arrest in Beijing. At the exhibit, visitors could write postcards addressed to political prisoners around the world as part of a campaign to free them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was just a beautiful experience,\" said Boissevain, a photographer and visual artist based in Palo Alto. \"To be able to communicate with somebody who is in solitary confinement, or they're cut off from their community, from their family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until last year that Boissevain read a book by Ai Weiwei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.for-site.org/project/ai-weiwei-alcatraz-yours-truly/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Truly Yours,\u003c/a> and found out prisons were inundated by the postcards — and some of those detainees had been released. That's when she decided to try a similar project with her art students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I always want them to think of art as a very powerful tool in the world. And this is such a great example,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733242 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postcards designed and written by students at Washington High School on Feb. 13, 2019. Teacher Barbara Boissevain plans to send more than 300 cards to shelters for unaccompanied minors in California and Texas. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boissevain said students decided who to create artwork for: While some chose to design postcards for victims of the recent California wildfires, others gravitated towards the plight of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The kids identify with them because they are the same age,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diverse ethnic makeup of the high school played a role, too, Boissevain said, noting some of her students from Iraq and Afghanistan have experienced life as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more than 1,900 students at Washington High School are overwhelmingly kids of color, with about half identifying as Asian and 23 percent as Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other postcards that students at Boissevain's class designed show birds flying out of a cage; a blossoming tree, with the words \"Stay Strong\" emblazoned in the middle; and the shapes of kids and adults — a family — holding hands with the word \"Together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help write messages on the back of cards for the Central American minors, Boissevain brought in students in a Spanish class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11733238\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spanish teacher Brandon Pierce translates notes for colleague Barbara Boissevain that his class wrote for unaccompanied minors. \"What was going on in their minds was very heartfelt and that's what ended up getting put down on paper,\" said Pierce of his students, some who are immigrants. \"Hopefully that makes a difference in somebody's day when they get to read this.\" \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Getsa Jimenez, 15, wrote on a postcard: \"I know things don't look so great right now. But don't worry, things will turn out OK in the end.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before writing the messages, Jimenez and her classmates interviewed immigrants about their journeys to the U.S. and researched the issues of asylum seekers and unaccompanied minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important for them to know that they're not alone because these are very tragic moments for them and their families as well,\" said Jimenez. \"I think they're really brave and strong to be there by themselves and keep going.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her classmate Kenneth Alvarado has another message: “You’ll get through it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to give them hope. Just to remind them to not give up,\" said Alvarado, 16. \"That this isn’t the whole world. This little cage isn’t everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday, 11 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge decided Friday to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more migrant families separated at the border before the Trump administration's \"zero tolerance\" policy was announced in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's ruling vastly increased the number of people potentially eligible for relief under a lawsuit brought by the American Civil Liberties Union that challenged the legality of the family separations, and banned the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 26 of last year, Sabraw ordered the government to reunite the affected families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was holding some 2,800 children separated from parents in shelters nationwide. Since the June ruling, immigration officials have reunited nearly all of those children with parents, or released them to relatives or sponsors in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/ms-l-v-ice-order-class-status\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">order\u003c/a> expanding the class, Sabraw cited a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by the Inspector General for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that found the government had initiated family separations at least a year earlier than the court knew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inspector General said, “thousands of children may have been separated during an influx that began in 2017, before the accounting required by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG's investigation also revealed that inconsistent record keeping of those separations meant there was no way to know the total number of children separated from a parent or guardian by immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the ACLU who represent migrant parents called the OIG's report a bombshell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year they had asked Sabraw to clarify whether families separated before the judge's June injunction should be eligible for the same relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 14-page decision, Sabraw wrote that the parents who had been excluded from the class had experienced the same alleged violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Like the current class members, they too were separated from their children,\" Sabraw wrote. \"They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court made clear that potentially thousands of children’s lives are at stake, and that the Trump administration cannot simply ignore the devastation it has caused,\" ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt said in a statement in response to Sabraw's ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge deferred any discussion of what remedy should be offered to the families to future briefings, but at a hearing in February had indicated the first step would be for the government to provide an accounting of the new class members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it seems to me if this motion is granted, step one, which is a very significant step, would be the accounting, what are the numbers, who are they, where are they? Step two is the remedy,\" Sabraw said. \"When there is an allegation of wrong on this scale, one of the most fundamental obligations of the law is to bring to light what that wrong was and what is the scope of the wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his order Friday Sabraw defined the additional class members as all migrant families separated between July 1, 2017, and June 25, 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time a total of 47,083 children passed through the Office of Refugee Resettlement, the agency within the US Health and Human Services that's responsible for the care of migrant children who arrive without a parent or have been separated from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a court filing by the agency's deputy director, Jallyn Sualog, all of those cases would need to be reviewed to identify which children were separated from a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government had argued that the burden was too great and would take too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw rejected that reasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Although the process for identifying newly proposed class members may be burdensome, it clearly can be done,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw concluded that the extra effort required to identify the additional children could not be considered \"unfair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The hallmark of a civilized society is measured by how it treats its people and those within its borders,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>When Zero Tolerance Really Began\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \"zero tolerance\" policy resulted in widespread criminal prosecution of parents, whose children were taken from them when they were sent to jail, and transferred to government shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy appears to be the public adoption of family separations that began in the earliest days of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was not what Sabraw understood when he issued his June 26, 2018 injunction to halt the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Feb. 21 hearing Sabraw reminded government attorneys that as recently as June 6, 2018, in a motion to dismiss the class action lawsuit on behalf of parents whose children were taken from them, they stated there was no policy or practice of separating families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was the government’s response, and I accept that that response was made in good faith. But thereafter much has come to light,” Sabraw told Deputy Assistant Attorney General Scott Stewart. “What appears to be unknown to everyone here was that ORR had a tremendous spike in the number of unaccompanied children being delivered to them, far before the lawsuit was filed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also unknown to the court, was that O.R.R. had delivered those children out to sponsors before June 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said his decision to limit reunifications to children still in O.R.R. care on June 26th was based on what he knew at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Feb. 21 hearing ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt, told the judge he reserved the right to expand the class further if earlier family separations proved unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How the Trump Administration Expanded Family Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials have long separated children from parents and guardians for cause under an anti-trafficking statute, known as the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (T.V.P.R.A). In 2016, however, those separations rarely occurred, according to the IG's report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children separated from parents made up less than half a percent (0.3 percent) of the children referred to the O.R.R. in 2016, the report noted, but by August of 2017 that number had increased to 3.6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG found that the increase resulted from a letter the U.S. Attorney General sent to federal prosecutors in the Spring of 2017, ordering them to prioritize criminal charges for immigration-related offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG also found that the administration began piloting the \"zero tolerance\" policy in El Paso, Tx. in July 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By December 2017 numerous immigrant advocates alleged a major increase in separations in a complaint filed with the DHS that called for the Inspector General of the agency to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU filed a class action suit challenging the practice in February of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration did not announce its \"zero tolerance\" policy until May of 2018, one month after it had been expanded to the whole southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: An earlier version of this story indicated the government had been ordered to immediately identify thousands more families. In fact, the government has been ordered to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more families. However, in an earlier hearing, the same judge said an “accounting” of new class members is the first step towards a remedy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A federal judge ordered U.S. officials to identify thousands more migrant children taken from parents.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday, 11 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge decided Friday to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more migrant families separated at the border before the Trump administration's \"zero tolerance\" policy was announced in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's ruling vastly increased the number of people potentially eligible for relief under a lawsuit brought by the American Civil Liberties Union that challenged the legality of the family separations, and banned the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 26 of last year, Sabraw ordered the government to reunite the affected families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was holding some 2,800 children separated from parents in shelters nationwide. Since the June ruling, immigration officials have reunited nearly all of those children with parents, or released them to relatives or sponsors in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/ms-l-v-ice-order-class-status\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">order\u003c/a> expanding the class, Sabraw cited a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by the Inspector General for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that found the government had initiated family separations at least a year earlier than the court knew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inspector General said, “thousands of children may have been separated during an influx that began in 2017, before the accounting required by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG's investigation also revealed that inconsistent record keeping of those separations meant there was no way to know the total number of children separated from a parent or guardian by immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the ACLU who represent migrant parents called the OIG's report a bombshell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year they had asked Sabraw to clarify whether families separated before the judge's June injunction should be eligible for the same relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 14-page decision, Sabraw wrote that the parents who had been excluded from the class had experienced the same alleged violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Like the current class members, they too were separated from their children,\" Sabraw wrote. \"They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court made clear that potentially thousands of children’s lives are at stake, and that the Trump administration cannot simply ignore the devastation it has caused,\" ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt said in a statement in response to Sabraw's ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge deferred any discussion of what remedy should be offered to the families to future briefings, but at a hearing in February had indicated the first step would be for the government to provide an accounting of the new class members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it seems to me if this motion is granted, step one, which is a very significant step, would be the accounting, what are the numbers, who are they, where are they? Step two is the remedy,\" Sabraw said. \"When there is an allegation of wrong on this scale, one of the most fundamental obligations of the law is to bring to light what that wrong was and what is the scope of the wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his order Friday Sabraw defined the additional class members as all migrant families separated between July 1, 2017, and June 25, 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time a total of 47,083 children passed through the Office of Refugee Resettlement, the agency within the US Health and Human Services that's responsible for the care of migrant children who arrive without a parent or have been separated from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a court filing by the agency's deputy director, Jallyn Sualog, all of those cases would need to be reviewed to identify which children were separated from a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government had argued that the burden was too great and would take too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw rejected that reasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Although the process for identifying newly proposed class members may be burdensome, it clearly can be done,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw concluded that the extra effort required to identify the additional children could not be considered \"unfair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The hallmark of a civilized society is measured by how it treats its people and those within its borders,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>When Zero Tolerance Really Began\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \"zero tolerance\" policy resulted in widespread criminal prosecution of parents, whose children were taken from them when they were sent to jail, and transferred to government shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy appears to be the public adoption of family separations that began in the earliest days of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was not what Sabraw understood when he issued his June 26, 2018 injunction to halt the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Feb. 21 hearing Sabraw reminded government attorneys that as recently as June 6, 2018, in a motion to dismiss the class action lawsuit on behalf of parents whose children were taken from them, they stated there was no policy or practice of separating families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was the government’s response, and I accept that that response was made in good faith. But thereafter much has come to light,” Sabraw told Deputy Assistant Attorney General Scott Stewart. “What appears to be unknown to everyone here was that ORR had a tremendous spike in the number of unaccompanied children being delivered to them, far before the lawsuit was filed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also unknown to the court, was that O.R.R. had delivered those children out to sponsors before June 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said his decision to limit reunifications to children still in O.R.R. care on June 26th was based on what he knew at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Feb. 21 hearing ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt, told the judge he reserved the right to expand the class further if earlier family separations proved unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How the Trump Administration Expanded Family Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials have long separated children from parents and guardians for cause under an anti-trafficking statute, known as the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (T.V.P.R.A). In 2016, however, those separations rarely occurred, according to the IG's report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children separated from parents made up less than half a percent (0.3 percent) of the children referred to the O.R.R. in 2016, the report noted, but by August of 2017 that number had increased to 3.6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG found that the increase resulted from a letter the U.S. Attorney General sent to federal prosecutors in the Spring of 2017, ordering them to prioritize criminal charges for immigration-related offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG also found that the administration began piloting the \"zero tolerance\" policy in El Paso, Tx. in July 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By December 2017 numerous immigrant advocates alleged a major increase in separations in a complaint filed with the DHS that called for the Inspector General of the agency to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU filed a class action suit challenging the practice in February of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration did not announce its \"zero tolerance\" policy until May of 2018, one month after it had been expanded to the whole southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: An earlier version of this story indicated the government had been ordered to immediately identify thousands more families. In fact, the government has been ordered to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more families. However, in an earlier hearing, the same judge said an “accounting” of new class members is the first step towards a remedy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Sanctuary' Cities are Getting Law Enforcement Grants Despite Threats From Trump Administration",
"title": "'Sanctuary' Cities are Getting Law Enforcement Grants Despite Threats From Trump Administration",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>About 18 months after the Trump administration threatened to withhold law enforcement grants from nearly 30 places around the country it felt weren't doing enough to work with federal immigration agents, all but one have received or been cleared to get the money, the Justice Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, courts chipped away at the crackdown that escalated in November 2017 with letters from the Justice Department of former Attorney General Jeff Sessions to 29 cities, metro areas, counties or states it considered as having adopted \"sanctuary policies\" saying those policies may violate federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 29 jurisdictions include cities as large as Los Angeles and as small as Burlington, Vermont. Of the listed jurisdictions, 12 are from California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Contra Costa County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los Angeles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monterey County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Riverside County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sacramento County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>City and County of San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Ana\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Clara County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sonoma County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Only Oregon has yet to be cleared to receive the grants from 2017, a Justice Department spokesman told The Associated Press this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vermont officials announced Monday that they had been told the state Department of Public Safety would be getting $2.3 million in law enforcement grants that had been blocked. Vermont had not joined any of the legal cases, instead corresponding directly with the Justice Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Patrick Leahy, a Vermont Democrat, declared victory, saying the money would be used primarily on anti-drug efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State and local law enforcement agencies already are stretched thin, and withholding these federal grants only makes their work more difficult,\" Leahy said in an email to the AP. \"It's unthinkable that the Trump Justice Department would hold these funds hostage over an unrelated dispute on immigration policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, the U.S. Conference of Mayors sued in Illinois on behalf of its member cities focusing on the issue. In September, a federal court temporarily blocked the Justice Department from withholding the funds for the jurisdictions represented by the conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conference's litigation is now focused on making the order affecting the 2017 grants permanent and apply to 2018 grants, as well, said Kate O'Brien, a Chicago attorney who represented the mayors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other federal courts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11696955/federal-judge-rules-for-s-f-and-california-in-sanctuary-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have ruled\u003c/a> against the Justice Department. Similar cases are being litigated across the country, and the Justice Department is considering appealing some unfavorable rulings.\u003cbr>\nThe Trump administration has long argued that places that don't cooperate with federal immigration authorities, often called \"sanctuary cities,\" pose a threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I continue to urge all jurisdictions under review to reconsider policies that place the safety of their communities and their residents at risk,\" Sessions said in a statement in January 2018. \"Protecting criminal aliens from federal immigration authorities defies common sense and undermines the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details differ by jurisdiction, but the Justice Department felt law enforcement agencies in those communities weren't sufficiently committing themselves to cooperating with federal immigration agents when officers came in contact with people who might not be in the country legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from confirming the clearance of grants to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sends-letters-29-jurisdictions-regarding-their-compliance-8-usc-1373\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">28 jurisdictions\u003c/a>, Justice Department spokesman Steven Stafford declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, but not all, of the 28 jurisdictions were cleared for the grants without changing the policies that triggered the original concern from the Justice Department, now led by Attorney General William Barr. And not all of the places actually have the money in hand yet, or have been told they've been cleared to get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Martinez, the county attorney for Bernalillo County, New Mexico, said officials there had yet to hear about 2017 grant funding and are eager to get it. \"It will be incredibly helpful,\" Martinez said. \"I can tell you there's been a high level of frustration from people on both sides of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In West Palm Beach, Florida, the Justice Department was concerned about the wording of a city resolution dealing with police investigations involving citizenship or immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago, a memo was sent to city employees saying they \"may\" share information with federal authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So no funds (were) lost on our end,\" said police Sgt. David Lefont, noting the total was less than $100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the threatened cities ended up changing their policies amounts to at least a partial victory for the Trump administration, said Jessica Vaughan, the director of policy studies for the Center For Immigration Studies, which advocates for tight restrictions on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it looks like to me, the Trump Administration is not able to fully enforce cooperation with ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) to the extent they would like to, but it is able to fully enforce compliance with existing federal law that some sanctuary jurisdictions have had to change their policies in order to get their money,\" Vaughan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other jurisdictions were cleared to get the money without having to change anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court in our cases, and in similar cases throughout the country, has found the attorney general is not authorized to impose these conditions,\" said O'Brien, the attorney for the mayors' group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vermont settlement of the 2017 grants is among the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the 2017 letters were sent, federal courts across the country \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">had begun to rule\u003c/a> against the Trump administration's efforts. And they continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruled\u003c/a> Feb. 15 that the Justice Department exceeded its authority and ordered a permanent, nationwide injunction against requiring police departments to cooperate with immigration authorities in order to receive the grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oregon, the only one of the 29 jurisdictions not yet cleared for the 2017 grants, last fall filed its own lawsuit against the Justice Department. The lawsuit, which also covers grants for 2018, accused Trump and Matthew Whitaker, acting attorney general at the time, of trying to \"impermissibly commandeer the resources\" of Oregon and its largest city, Portland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, these grants have provided millions of dollars to law enforcement in Oregon,\" Rosenblum said in November. \"But, suddenly these public safety funds have been withdrawn because Oregon will not submit to U.S. DOJ's demand that Oregon participate in its immigration enforcement efforts.\"\u003cbr>\n___\u003cbr>\nContributing to this report were Associated Press writers Eliot Spagat in San Diego; Paul Elias in San Francisco; Susan Montoya Bryan in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Andrew Selsky in Salem, Oregon; and AP News Researcher Jennifer Farrar in New York.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>About 18 months after the Trump administration threatened to withhold law enforcement grants from nearly 30 places around the country it felt weren't doing enough to work with federal immigration agents, all but one have received or been cleared to get the money, the Justice Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, courts chipped away at the crackdown that escalated in November 2017 with letters from the Justice Department of former Attorney General Jeff Sessions to 29 cities, metro areas, counties or states it considered as having adopted \"sanctuary policies\" saying those policies may violate federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 29 jurisdictions include cities as large as Los Angeles and as small as Burlington, Vermont. Of the listed jurisdictions, 12 are from California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Contra Costa County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los Angeles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monterey County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Riverside County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sacramento County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>City and County of San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Ana\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Clara County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sonoma County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Only Oregon has yet to be cleared to receive the grants from 2017, a Justice Department spokesman told The Associated Press this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vermont officials announced Monday that they had been told the state Department of Public Safety would be getting $2.3 million in law enforcement grants that had been blocked. Vermont had not joined any of the legal cases, instead corresponding directly with the Justice Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Patrick Leahy, a Vermont Democrat, declared victory, saying the money would be used primarily on anti-drug efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State and local law enforcement agencies already are stretched thin, and withholding these federal grants only makes their work more difficult,\" Leahy said in an email to the AP. \"It's unthinkable that the Trump Justice Department would hold these funds hostage over an unrelated dispute on immigration policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, the U.S. Conference of Mayors sued in Illinois on behalf of its member cities focusing on the issue. In September, a federal court temporarily blocked the Justice Department from withholding the funds for the jurisdictions represented by the conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conference's litigation is now focused on making the order affecting the 2017 grants permanent and apply to 2018 grants, as well, said Kate O'Brien, a Chicago attorney who represented the mayors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other federal courts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11696955/federal-judge-rules-for-s-f-and-california-in-sanctuary-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have ruled\u003c/a> against the Justice Department. Similar cases are being litigated across the country, and the Justice Department is considering appealing some unfavorable rulings.\u003cbr>\nThe Trump administration has long argued that places that don't cooperate with federal immigration authorities, often called \"sanctuary cities,\" pose a threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I continue to urge all jurisdictions under review to reconsider policies that place the safety of their communities and their residents at risk,\" Sessions said in a statement in January 2018. \"Protecting criminal aliens from federal immigration authorities defies common sense and undermines the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details differ by jurisdiction, but the Justice Department felt law enforcement agencies in those communities weren't sufficiently committing themselves to cooperating with federal immigration agents when officers came in contact with people who might not be in the country legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from confirming the clearance of grants to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sends-letters-29-jurisdictions-regarding-their-compliance-8-usc-1373\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">28 jurisdictions\u003c/a>, Justice Department spokesman Steven Stafford declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, but not all, of the 28 jurisdictions were cleared for the grants without changing the policies that triggered the original concern from the Justice Department, now led by Attorney General William Barr. And not all of the places actually have the money in hand yet, or have been told they've been cleared to get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Martinez, the county attorney for Bernalillo County, New Mexico, said officials there had yet to hear about 2017 grant funding and are eager to get it. \"It will be incredibly helpful,\" Martinez said. \"I can tell you there's been a high level of frustration from people on both sides of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In West Palm Beach, Florida, the Justice Department was concerned about the wording of a city resolution dealing with police investigations involving citizenship or immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago, a memo was sent to city employees saying they \"may\" share information with federal authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So no funds (were) lost on our end,\" said police Sgt. David Lefont, noting the total was less than $100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the threatened cities ended up changing their policies amounts to at least a partial victory for the Trump administration, said Jessica Vaughan, the director of policy studies for the Center For Immigration Studies, which advocates for tight restrictions on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it looks like to me, the Trump Administration is not able to fully enforce cooperation with ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) to the extent they would like to, but it is able to fully enforce compliance with existing federal law that some sanctuary jurisdictions have had to change their policies in order to get their money,\" Vaughan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other jurisdictions were cleared to get the money without having to change anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court in our cases, and in similar cases throughout the country, has found the attorney general is not authorized to impose these conditions,\" said O'Brien, the attorney for the mayors' group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vermont settlement of the 2017 grants is among the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the 2017 letters were sent, federal courts across the country \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">had begun to rule\u003c/a> against the Trump administration's efforts. And they continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruled\u003c/a> Feb. 15 that the Justice Department exceeded its authority and ordered a permanent, nationwide injunction against requiring police departments to cooperate with immigration authorities in order to receive the grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oregon, the only one of the 29 jurisdictions not yet cleared for the 2017 grants, last fall filed its own lawsuit against the Justice Department. The lawsuit, which also covers grants for 2018, accused Trump and Matthew Whitaker, acting attorney general at the time, of trying to \"impermissibly commandeer the resources\" of Oregon and its largest city, Portland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, these grants have provided millions of dollars to law enforcement in Oregon,\" Rosenblum said in November. \"But, suddenly these public safety funds have been withdrawn because Oregon will not submit to U.S. DOJ's demand that Oregon participate in its immigration enforcement efforts.\"\u003cbr>\n___\u003cbr>\nContributing to this report were Associated Press writers Eliot Spagat in San Diego; Paul Elias in San Francisco; Susan Montoya Bryan in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Andrew Selsky in Salem, Oregon; and AP News Researcher Jennifer Farrar in New York.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday at 1 pm\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection took 28 families into custody Saturday night who are seeking to be reunified with children, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of immigrant parents whose children were taken from them at the border last year showed up en masse at the U.S.-Mexico border on Saturday seeking to re-enter the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the 28 families say all of the parents who presented themselves at the Calexico West Port of Entry have a legal right to be reunited with their children under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727820/judge-says-families-separated-in-2017-suffered-same-injustice-as-more-recent-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a federal class-action settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">Family Separations at the Border\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1067868922-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On June 26, 2018, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ordered the Trump Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to stop separating migrant families\u003c/a> and reunite roughly 2,800 kids in U.S. custody with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, government officials told the court that more than 400 mothers and fathers had already been deported without their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials gave the parents two choices: have their children returned to them in their home countries or leave them in the U.S. to pursue an asylum claim on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents were becoming increasingly desperate,” said Erika Pinheiro, an immigration attorney with the non-profit Al Otro Lado who accompanied the families to submit their asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government also agreed to consider letting the parents back into the US to be with their children. Pinheiro says parents who asked to return submitted those requests on December 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government had 30 days to respond,” she said. “Then there was a government shutdown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a text message Sunday, Pinheiro said CBP officers initially said they \"had no capacity\" to process the families' claims, but later in the day took physical custody of their applications for asylum and admitted all of them into CBP custody by 8 pm Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the parents are traveling with their other children, including a 3-month-old, because they did not want to be separated again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One father from Honduras — who asked to be referred to as Mr. M because he feared for his family’s safety — traveled to the U.S. in April 2018 with his teenage son. After they crossed the Rio Grande from Reynoso, Mexico to Texas, they were taken into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M said when immigration officials threatened to take him away from his son, the boy cried, “‘Daddy, don’t leave me!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He grabbed onto me,” Mr. M. said. “He held on tight. And I held onto him too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were separated and Mr. M was not told the whereabouts of his son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Mr. M refused to sign a voluntary departure order but eventually relented. When he returned to Honduras with the news, he said the boy’s mother became inconsolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother \"would cry every day and she wasn’t eating anymore,” said Mr. M, choking back tears. “Since I was stronger, I had to go back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M's son was eventually released from government custody to relatives in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Max Rivlin-Nadler and Vianey Contreras contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday at 1 pm\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection took 28 families into custody Saturday night who are seeking to be reunified with children, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of immigrant parents whose children were taken from them at the border last year showed up en masse at the U.S.-Mexico border on Saturday seeking to re-enter the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the 28 families say all of the parents who presented themselves at the Calexico West Port of Entry have a legal right to be reunited with their children under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727820/judge-says-families-separated-in-2017-suffered-same-injustice-as-more-recent-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a federal class-action settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">Family Separations at the Border\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1067868922-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On June 26, 2018, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ordered the Trump Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to stop separating migrant families\u003c/a> and reunite roughly 2,800 kids in U.S. custody with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, government officials told the court that more than 400 mothers and fathers had already been deported without their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials gave the parents two choices: have their children returned to them in their home countries or leave them in the U.S. to pursue an asylum claim on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents were becoming increasingly desperate,” said Erika Pinheiro, an immigration attorney with the non-profit Al Otro Lado who accompanied the families to submit their asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government also agreed to consider letting the parents back into the US to be with their children. Pinheiro says parents who asked to return submitted those requests on December 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government had 30 days to respond,” she said. “Then there was a government shutdown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a text message Sunday, Pinheiro said CBP officers initially said they \"had no capacity\" to process the families' claims, but later in the day took physical custody of their applications for asylum and admitted all of them into CBP custody by 8 pm Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the parents are traveling with their other children, including a 3-month-old, because they did not want to be separated again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One father from Honduras — who asked to be referred to as Mr. M because he feared for his family’s safety — traveled to the U.S. in April 2018 with his teenage son. After they crossed the Rio Grande from Reynoso, Mexico to Texas, they were taken into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M said when immigration officials threatened to take him away from his son, the boy cried, “‘Daddy, don’t leave me!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He grabbed onto me,” Mr. M. said. “He held on tight. And I held onto him too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were separated and Mr. M was not told the whereabouts of his son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Mr. M refused to sign a voluntary departure order but eventually relented. When he returned to Honduras with the news, he said the boy’s mother became inconsolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother \"would cry every day and she wasn’t eating anymore,” said Mr. M, choking back tears. “Since I was stronger, I had to go back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M's son was eventually released from government custody to relatives in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Max Rivlin-Nadler and Vianey Contreras contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump’s highly touted border wall prototypes between San Diego and Tijuana were largely demolished on Wednesday morning to make way for a replacement barrier of secondary fencing based on older designs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection paid $5 million to have eight steel-and-concrete mock-ups erected a few yards from the border with Tijuana, Mexico, in 2017. Reporters from around the world broadcasted photos of the imposing, 30-foot-tall prototypes. At the time, border officials said the wall segments represented “the next generation” of barrier that would be resistant to scaling, penetrating and tunneling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A large hydraulic jackhammer attached to an excavator repeatedly pounded seven of the eight the walls on Wednesday as slabs fell into small clouds of dust. Crews had previously drilled small holes in the concrete and stuffed them with grout that softens the cement and makes them easier to destroy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one-and-a-half miles of the project will be new wall and not a replacement for an existing fence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/MaxRivlinNadler/status/1100828648821555200\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration said elements of the prototypes have been melded into current border fence designs and they have served their purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics called it expensive, militaristic political theater to please the president’s build-the-wall supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prototypes were used as a tool. They used them for different attributes,” explained Border Patrol agent Vincent Pirro beside the demolished fencing. “They looked at some of the pros and cons of the prototypes, and they put them in a toolkit. And that’s what they’re going to use for future wall projects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725867/butterflies-vs-border-wall-national-butterfly-center-seeks-restraining-order\">Butterflies Vs. Border Wall: National Butterfly Center Seeks Restraining Order\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725867/butterflies-vs-border-wall-national-butterfly-center-seeks-restraining-order\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/dsc1774-76f11ec171261221f2ddc9616fe39e15814c02d3-e1550085009343.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A team of military and CBP specialists tested each wall segment for characteristics such as breaching, scaling, and aesthetics. KPBS obtained the heavily redacted CBP report and\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/2018/sep/17/government-report-shows-border-wall-designs-broken/\"> reported in September 2018\u003c/a> that each of the eight prototypes was vulnerable to at least one breaching technique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To actually incorporate the new wall with the eight different prototypes would cost a lot more money,” said Border Patrol Agent Pirro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The towering prototypes — one topped with steel spikes — made for impressive optics. But Border Patrol officials in South Texas, where 88 miles of new fence construction is currently planned, have been quietly saying they plan to follow the conventional barrier design — 18-foot hollow steel bollards filled with concrete and rebar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new secondary fence, which is already under construction, will reach at least 30-feet high. Customs and Border Protection plans on completing construction in January 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH%3A+Border+Wall+Prototypes+Destroyed%2C+Making+Way+For+New+Fencing+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Eight steel-and-concrete mock-ups of border wall prototypes were put up near the San Diego-Tijuana border in 2017. They were supposed to represent the 'next generation' of border barriers.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump’s highly touted border wall prototypes between San Diego and Tijuana were largely demolished on Wednesday morning to make way for a replacement barrier of secondary fencing based on older designs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection paid $5 million to have eight steel-and-concrete mock-ups erected a few yards from the border with Tijuana, Mexico, in 2017. Reporters from around the world broadcasted photos of the imposing, 30-foot-tall prototypes. At the time, border officials said the wall segments represented “the next generation” of barrier that would be resistant to scaling, penetrating and tunneling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A large hydraulic jackhammer attached to an excavator repeatedly pounded seven of the eight the walls on Wednesday as slabs fell into small clouds of dust. Crews had previously drilled small holes in the concrete and stuffed them with grout that softens the cement and makes them easier to destroy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only one-and-a-half miles of the project will be new wall and not a replacement for an existing fence.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration said elements of the prototypes have been melded into current border fence designs and they have served their purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics called it expensive, militaristic political theater to please the president’s build-the-wall supporters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prototypes were used as a tool. They used them for different attributes,” explained Border Patrol agent Vincent Pirro beside the demolished fencing. “They looked at some of the pros and cons of the prototypes, and they put them in a toolkit. And that’s what they’re going to use for future wall projects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725867/butterflies-vs-border-wall-national-butterfly-center-seeks-restraining-order\">Butterflies Vs. Border Wall: National Butterfly Center Seeks Restraining Order\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11725867/butterflies-vs-border-wall-national-butterfly-center-seeks-restraining-order\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/dsc1774-76f11ec171261221f2ddc9616fe39e15814c02d3-e1550085009343.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>A team of military and CBP specialists tested each wall segment for characteristics such as breaching, scaling, and aesthetics. KPBS obtained the heavily redacted CBP report and\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/2018/sep/17/government-report-shows-border-wall-designs-broken/\"> reported in September 2018\u003c/a> that each of the eight prototypes was vulnerable to at least one breaching technique.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To actually incorporate the new wall with the eight different prototypes would cost a lot more money,” said Border Patrol Agent Pirro.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The towering prototypes — one topped with steel spikes — made for impressive optics. But Border Patrol officials in South Texas, where 88 miles of new fence construction is currently planned, have been quietly saying they plan to follow the conventional barrier design — 18-foot hollow steel bollards filled with concrete and rebar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new secondary fence, which is already under construction, will reach at least 30-feet high. Customs and Border Protection plans on completing construction in January 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Associated Press contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=WATCH%3A+Border+Wall+Prototypes+Destroyed%2C+Making+Way+For+New+Fencing+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "workers-h-1b-visas-in-doubt-as-trump-immigration-crackdown-widens",
"title": "Workers' H-1B Visas in Doubt as Trump Immigration Crackdown Widens",
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"headTitle": "Workers’ H-1B Visas in Doubt as Trump Immigration Crackdown Widens | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Immigrants with specialized skills are being denied work visas or seeing applications get caught up in lengthy bureaucratic tangles under federal changes that some consider a contradiction to President Donald Trump’s promise of a continued pathway to the U.S. for the most talented foreigners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting what’s known as an H-1B visa has never been a sure thing — the number issued annually is capped at 85,000 and applicants need to enter a lottery to even be considered. But some immigration attorneys, as well as those who hire such workers, say they’ve seen unprecedented disruptions in the approval process since Trump took office in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">Trump Administration Restricts H-1B Worker Visas Coveted By High Tech\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/uscis-1_custom-377f855cafc2d8e2550bcdb050dddc14d2df3573.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“You see all these arguments that we want the best and the brightest coming here,” said John Goslow, an immigration attorney in Ann Arbor, Michigan. “Yet we’re seeing a full-frontal assault on just all aspects of immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For American businesses, it has a bottom-line impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Link Wilson, an architect who co-founded a firm in Bloomington, Minnesota, said finding enough qualified workers within the U.S. has been a problem for years, in part due to a shortage of architects. He said employers who turn to international applicants do so as a last resort, putting up with legal fees and ever-expanding visa approval times because they have no other choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re just at the point where there’s no one else to hire,” said Wilson, who estimates his firm turned away about $1 million in projects last year because it didn’t have enough staff to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three months after taking office, Trump issued his “Buy American and Hire American” \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-buy-american-hire-american/\">executive order\u003c/a> , directing Cabinet officials to suggest reforms to ensure that H-1B visas are awarded to the “most-skilled or highest-paid” applicants to help promote the hiring of Americans for jobs that might otherwise go to immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subsequent memos have allowed for greater discretion in denying applications without first requesting additional information from an applicant, tossed the deference given to people seeking to renew their H-1Bs, and raised concern that the government would revoke work permits for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707255/what-silicon-valley-could-lose-if-trump-revokes-h-1b-spousal-work-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spouses of H-1B holders\u003c/a>. One order restricted companies’ ability to use H-1B workers off-site at a customer’s place of business, while another temporarily rescinded the option of paying for faster application processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">Indian Entrepreneurs With No Green Cards Pursue Silicon Valley Dreams Elsewhere\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/USA_FamilyPhoto-1020x681.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Attorneys who handle these applications say one of the biggest shifts is an increase in “requests for evidence,” or RFEs, from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. An RFE can delay a visa for months or longer as applicants and employers are forced to submit additional documentation over things such as the applicability of a college degree to a prospective job or whether the wage being offered is appropriate. If the responses are unsatisfactory, a visa may be denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re just blocking the avenues so that employers will get frustrated and they won’t employ foreign nationals,” said Dakshini Sen, an immigration lawyer in Houston whose caseload is mostly H-1B applications. “We have to write and write and write and explain and explain and explain each and every point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/Immigration%20Forms%20Data/BAHA/h-1B-quarterly-requests-for-evidence-2015-2019-Q1-top-30-employers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USCIS data\u003c/a> released on Friday shows an increase in the number of completed H-1B applications receiving an RFE, from about 21 percent in the 2016 fiscal year to 38 percent last fiscal year. The number continued to rise in the first quarter of this fiscal year, to 60 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of applications with such requests were ultimately denied, while the approval rate among all applicants has fallen. Approvals also dipped in two other visa programs for foreign workers, including one for individuals with extraordinary abilities in areas such as science, sports and the arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Collins, a spokeswoman for USCIS, linked the changes to the president’s executive order, saying the goal was to reduce “frivolous” petitions and that “it is incumbent upon the petitioner, not the government” to prove eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some employers note traditional three-year renewable terms of H-1Bs have also been changing; one \u003ca href=\"https://nfap.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Doc-1-Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit\u003c/a> by an organization representing information technology companies claims some visas were valid for only a few days or had expired before they were even received.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">Deported Oakland Nurse Reunites With Children in the Bay Area After 16 Months\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34481_Maria-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Meantime, a vague \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?RIN=1615-AC13&pubId=201810\">entry\u003c/a> published in the Federal Register last fall advised that the Department of Homeland Security would propose additional revisions to focus on attracting “the best and the brightest” and to “ensure employers pay appropriate wages” to H-1B visa holders, which has raised alarms that the administration will move to narrow the definition of who qualifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caught in the crosshairs are workers like Leo Wang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang, 32, spent six years after college in his native China learning all he could about data and analytics. He got into the University of Southern California, interned at a major venture capital firm and wasted no time after finishing his master’s before starting on another degree. He couch-surfed, passed up an enticing foreign job offer and amassed educational debt all in pursuit of the dream that ultimately came true: A six-figure Silicon Valley job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as it took Wang to achieve his goal, it disappeared in record time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang was working at Seagate Technology under an immigration provision known as Optional Practical Training, which gives those on student visas permission to work. But that expired last year, and because his H-1B application was in flux, he was forced to take a leave from Seagate and withdraw from the master’s program he was pursuing at Berkeley. He says he and his company dutifully responded to an RFE, compiling examples of his work at Seagate. But on Jan. 11, Wang got a final answer: He was denied an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All I wanted was to be able to see my American dream,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandra Feist, an immigration attorney in Minneapolis, said talented foreigners discouraged by the visa process are beginning to look at opportunities in other countries, and she questions what that means for America’s future, especially if top-tier researchers who could contribute to science and medicine are turned away.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages, now is not the time to restrict access to talent.’\u003ccite>a letter from CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of her clients, a computer systems analyst from India with a master’s degree from a U.S. college, filed his petition for an H-1B in April 2017 with 101 pages of documentation. He received an RFE, and a 176-page response was filed, with additional paperwork attempting to prove just how complicated the position was. He was denied. Feist filed a 282-page appeal, requesting that the file be reopened. Though the appeal was approved, there was a second RFE, which Feist said raises the same issues she already responded to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a U.S. work visa unlikely, that client is applying for permanent residency in Canada with his wife and U.S. citizen child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola penned a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessroundtable.org/letter-to-department-of-homeland-security-on-immigration-policies\">letter\u003c/a> to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen in August, saying immigration policy changes were undermining economic growth. “At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages,” they said, “now is not the time to restrict access to talent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A provision for immigration based on skills, education and employer needs dates back to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, and the visa now known as the H-1B has until recently enjoyed wide support among politicians on both the left and the right. A Pew Research Center \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewglobal.org/2019/01/22/majority-of-u-s-public-supports-high-skilled-immigration/\">survey\u003c/a> last year found broad approval for high-skilled immigrants among the public, as well, with support at 83 percent among Democrats polled and 73 percent of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">Employers, Immigrants Grapple With Uncertainty Over TPS Work Permits\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29269_IMG_1354-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Trump has vacillated on the issue. During a March 2016 presidential debate, then-candidate Trump was asked about his opposition to visas for skilled workers, to which he \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/03/the-fox-news-gop-debate-transcript-annotated/?utm_term=.34ce5b34c70d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>, “I’m changing” and that he saw such policies as a way to keep top international students in the U.S. “We absolutely have to be able to keep the brain power in this country,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His campaign followed that with a \u003ca href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416001802/https:/www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-position-on-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> saying: “The H-1B program is neither high-skilled nor immigration: these are temporary foreign workers, imported from abroad, for the explicit purpose of substituting for American workers at lower pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Trump again reverted to a more conciliatory note, \u003ca href=\"https://mobile.twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1083705208834834433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tweeting\u003c/a> that H1-B holders “can rest assured that changes are soon coming which will bring both simplicity and certainty to your stay, including a potential path to citizenship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in China now, Wang isn’t sure what to make of Trump’s words. He’s talked to a friend from Seagate, now at a Swedish firm, about openings there, and a former boss in Singapore has some prospects for him as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still believe in the American dream,” he says. “It’s just that I personally have to pursue it somewhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Immigrants with specialized skills are being denied work visas under federal changes some consider a contradiction to President Trump's promise of a continued pathway to the U.S. for the most talented foreigners.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Immigrants with specialized skills are being denied work visas or seeing applications get caught up in lengthy bureaucratic tangles under federal changes that some consider a contradiction to President Donald Trump’s promise of a continued pathway to the U.S. for the most talented foreigners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Getting what’s known as an H-1B visa has never been a sure thing — the number issued annually is capped at 85,000 and applicants need to enter a lottery to even be considered. But some immigration attorneys, as well as those who hire such workers, say they’ve seen unprecedented disruptions in the approval process since Trump took office in 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">Trump Administration Restricts H-1B Worker Visas Coveted By High Tech\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11652014/trump-administration-restricts-h-1b-worker-visas-coveted-by-high-tech\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/uscis-1_custom-377f855cafc2d8e2550bcdb050dddc14d2df3573.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“You see all these arguments that we want the best and the brightest coming here,” said John Goslow, an immigration attorney in Ann Arbor, Michigan. “Yet we’re seeing a full-frontal assault on just all aspects of immigration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For American businesses, it has a bottom-line impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Link Wilson, an architect who co-founded a firm in Bloomington, Minnesota, said finding enough qualified workers within the U.S. has been a problem for years, in part due to a shortage of architects. He said employers who turn to international applicants do so as a last resort, putting up with legal fees and ever-expanding visa approval times because they have no other choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re just at the point where there’s no one else to hire,” said Wilson, who estimates his firm turned away about $1 million in projects last year because it didn’t have enough staff to handle them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three months after taking office, Trump issued his “Buy American and Hire American” \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/presidential-executive-order-buy-american-hire-american/\">executive order\u003c/a> , directing Cabinet officials to suggest reforms to ensure that H-1B visas are awarded to the “most-skilled or highest-paid” applicants to help promote the hiring of Americans for jobs that might otherwise go to immigrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Subsequent memos have allowed for greater discretion in denying applications without first requesting additional information from an applicant, tossed the deference given to people seeking to renew their H-1Bs, and raised concern that the government would revoke work permits for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707255/what-silicon-valley-could-lose-if-trump-revokes-h-1b-spousal-work-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">spouses of H-1B holders\u003c/a>. One order restricted companies’ ability to use H-1B workers off-site at a customer’s place of business, while another temporarily rescinded the option of paying for faster application processing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">Indian Entrepreneurs With No Green Cards Pursue Silicon Valley Dreams Elsewhere\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/11/USA_FamilyPhoto-1020x681.jpeg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Attorneys who handle these applications say one of the biggest shifts is an increase in “requests for evidence,” or RFEs, from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services. An RFE can delay a visa for months or longer as applicants and employers are forced to submit additional documentation over things such as the applicability of a college degree to a prospective job or whether the wage being offered is appropriate. If the responses are unsatisfactory, a visa may be denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re just blocking the avenues so that employers will get frustrated and they won’t employ foreign nationals,” said Dakshini Sen, an immigration lawyer in Houston whose caseload is mostly H-1B applications. “We have to write and write and write and explain and explain and explain each and every point.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/sites/default/files/USCIS/Resources/Reports%20and%20Studies/Immigration%20Forms%20Data/BAHA/h-1B-quarterly-requests-for-evidence-2015-2019-Q1-top-30-employers.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">USCIS data\u003c/a> released on Friday shows an increase in the number of completed H-1B applications receiving an RFE, from about 21 percent in the 2016 fiscal year to 38 percent last fiscal year. The number continued to rise in the first quarter of this fiscal year, to 60 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of applications with such requests were ultimately denied, while the approval rate among all applicants has fallen. Approvals also dipped in two other visa programs for foreign workers, including one for individuals with extraordinary abilities in areas such as science, sports and the arts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica Collins, a spokeswoman for USCIS, linked the changes to the president’s executive order, saying the goal was to reduce “frivolous” petitions and that “it is incumbent upon the petitioner, not the government” to prove eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some employers note traditional three-year renewable terms of H-1Bs have also been changing; one \u003ca href=\"https://nfap.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Doc-1-Complaint.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">lawsuit\u003c/a> by an organization representing information technology companies claims some visas were valid for only a few days or had expired before they were even received.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">Deported Oakland Nurse Reunites With Children in the Bay Area After 16 Months\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712941/deported-oakland-nurse-reunites-with-children-in-the-bay-area-after-16-months\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34481_Maria-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Meantime, a vague \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?RIN=1615-AC13&pubId=201810\">entry\u003c/a> published in the Federal Register last fall advised that the Department of Homeland Security would propose additional revisions to focus on attracting “the best and the brightest” and to “ensure employers pay appropriate wages” to H-1B visa holders, which has raised alarms that the administration will move to narrow the definition of who qualifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caught in the crosshairs are workers like Leo Wang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang, 32, spent six years after college in his native China learning all he could about data and analytics. He got into the University of Southern California, interned at a major venture capital firm and wasted no time after finishing his master’s before starting on another degree. He couch-surfed, passed up an enticing foreign job offer and amassed educational debt all in pursuit of the dream that ultimately came true: A six-figure Silicon Valley job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As long as it took Wang to achieve his goal, it disappeared in record time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wang was working at Seagate Technology under an immigration provision known as Optional Practical Training, which gives those on student visas permission to work. But that expired last year, and because his H-1B application was in flux, he was forced to take a leave from Seagate and withdraw from the master’s program he was pursuing at Berkeley. He says he and his company dutifully responded to an RFE, compiling examples of his work at Seagate. But on Jan. 11, Wang got a final answer: He was denied an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All I wanted was to be able to see my American dream,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandra Feist, an immigration attorney in Minneapolis, said talented foreigners discouraged by the visa process are beginning to look at opportunities in other countries, and she questions what that means for America’s future, especially if top-tier researchers who could contribute to science and medicine are turned away.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages, now is not the time to restrict access to talent.’\u003ccite>a letter from CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>One of her clients, a computer systems analyst from India with a master’s degree from a U.S. college, filed his petition for an H-1B in April 2017 with 101 pages of documentation. He received an RFE, and a 176-page response was filed, with additional paperwork attempting to prove just how complicated the position was. He was denied. Feist filed a 282-page appeal, requesting that the file be reopened. Though the appeal was approved, there was a second RFE, which Feist said raises the same issues she already responded to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a U.S. work visa unlikely, that client is applying for permanent residency in Canada with his wife and U.S. citizen child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEOs for companies including Apple, Ford and Coca-Cola penned a \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessroundtable.org/letter-to-department-of-homeland-security-on-immigration-policies\">letter\u003c/a> to Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen in August, saying immigration policy changes were undermining economic growth. “At a time when the number of job vacancies are reaching historic highs due to labor shortages,” they said, “now is not the time to restrict access to talent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A provision for immigration based on skills, education and employer needs dates back to the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952, and the visa now known as the H-1B has until recently enjoyed wide support among politicians on both the left and the right. A Pew Research Center \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewglobal.org/2019/01/22/majority-of-u-s-public-supports-high-skilled-immigration/\">survey\u003c/a> last year found broad approval for high-skilled immigrants among the public, as well, with support at 83 percent among Democrats polled and 73 percent of Republicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">Employers, Immigrants Grapple With Uncertainty Over TPS Work Permits\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11648086/confusion-over-tps-work-permits-worries-employers-immigrants\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/02/RS29269_IMG_1354-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Trump has vacillated on the issue. During a March 2016 presidential debate, then-candidate Trump was asked about his opposition to visas for skilled workers, to which he \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-fix/wp/2016/03/03/the-fox-news-gop-debate-transcript-annotated/?utm_term=.34ce5b34c70d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">said\u003c/a>, “I’m changing” and that he saw such policies as a way to keep top international students in the U.S. “We absolutely have to be able to keep the brain power in this country,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His campaign followed that with a \u003ca href=\"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416001802/https:/www.donaldjtrump.com/press-releases/donald-j.-trump-position-on-visas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">statement\u003c/a> saying: “The H-1B program is neither high-skilled nor immigration: these are temporary foreign workers, imported from abroad, for the explicit purpose of substituting for American workers at lower pay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Trump again reverted to a more conciliatory note, \u003ca href=\"https://mobile.twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1083705208834834433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tweeting\u003c/a> that H1-B holders “can rest assured that changes are soon coming which will bring both simplicity and certainty to your stay, including a potential path to citizenship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in China now, Wang isn’t sure what to make of Trump’s words. He’s talked to a friend from Seagate, now at a Swedish firm, about openings there, and a former boss in Singapore has some prospects for him as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still believe in the American dream,” he says. “It’s just that I personally have to pursue it somewhere else.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Southwest Border Apprehensions Show Small Decline in January",
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"content": "\u003cp>New \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">government figures\u003c/a> released Friday show that the U.S. Border Patrol arrested or denied entry to 58,207 individuals in January 2019, a 4 percent decrease from 60,779 in December 2018. Yet it is still a 62 percent increase from a year ago when 35,905 people were arrested or denied entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slight decline since last month is in keeping with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">seasonal patterns\u003c/a> when fewer migrants attempt to cross the border during winter months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/january-border-apprehensions-remain-high\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">statement\u003c/a>, says it is still seeing a “high volume of families and unaccompanied children from Central America are attempting to cross the Southwest border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency added,\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“Large groups of 100 or more people, many of which are families from Central America, are increasingly crossing the border illegally in remote areas. As of January, U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) agents encountered 58 large groups so far this year compared to 13 during this same period in Fiscal Year (FY) 2018.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/local-media-release/group-325-central-americans-apprehended-near-lukeville\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a group of 325 Central Americans\u003c/a> turned themselves in on Thursday near Lukeville, Ariz., said the CBP in a separate statement. “The group consisted of individuals and family units from Central America and included nearly 150 juveniles, 32 of whom were unaccompanied,” it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement said that the group included two juveniles who needed hospital treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP’s policy towards migrant children has come under scrutiny since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/26/680260461/after-death-of-second-migrant-child-cbp-will-examine-all-children-under-10-years\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">deaths of two minors\u003c/a> in U.S. custody in late 2018. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Southwest+Border+Apprehensions+Show+Small+Decline+In+January&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>New \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">government figures\u003c/a> released Friday show that the U.S. Border Patrol arrested or denied entry to 58,207 individuals in January 2019, a 4 percent decrease from 60,779 in December 2018. Yet it is still a 62 percent increase from a year ago when 35,905 people were arrested or denied entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slight decline since last month is in keeping with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">seasonal patterns\u003c/a> when fewer migrants attempt to cross the border during winter months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, U.S. Customs and Border Protection, in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/national-media-release/january-border-apprehensions-remain-high\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">statement\u003c/a>, says it is still seeing a “high volume of families and unaccompanied children from Central America are attempting to cross the Southwest border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency added,\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\n\u003cp>“Large groups of 100 or more people, many of which are families from Central America, are increasingly crossing the border illegally in remote areas. As of January, U.S. Border Patrol (USBP) agents encountered 58 large groups so far this year compared to 13 during this same period in Fiscal Year (FY) 2018.”\u003c/p>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/local-media-release/group-325-central-americans-apprehended-near-lukeville\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">a group of 325 Central Americans\u003c/a> turned themselves in on Thursday near Lukeville, Ariz., said the CBP in a separate statement. “The group consisted of individuals and family units from Central America and included nearly 150 juveniles, 32 of whom were unaccompanied,” it said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statement said that the group included two juveniles who needed hospital treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP’s policy towards migrant children has come under scrutiny since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/26/680260461/after-death-of-second-migrant-child-cbp-will-examine-all-children-under-10-years\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">deaths of two minors\u003c/a> in U.S. custody in late 2018. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Southwest+Border+Apprehensions+Show+Small+Decline+In+January&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Family Separations Continue in Homeland Security 'Gray Area' Despite Ban",
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"content": "\u003cp>Hundreds of migrant children have been separated from their parents at the border even after a federal judge ordered the Trump administration to stop family separation last June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, a congressional oversight hearing — the first of its kind to examine the Trump administration in regards to immigration — looked into why these separations \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723069/u-s-official-defends-efforts-to-reunite-migrant-children-with-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are still happening\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing comes on the heels of \u003ca href=\"https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a watchdog report\u003c/a> issued by the U.S. Department of Heath and Human Services, which found administration officials will likely never know the exact number of families separated. The report states that because the Department of Homeland Security continues to provide the Office of Refugee Resettlement with “limited information about the reasons for these separations,” this may impede the ORR’s ability to determine placements and continue to impact the accuracy of data surrounding separated children.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722223/toddler-separated-from-family-at-border-is-returned-in-san-francisco\">Toddler Separated From Family at Border Reunited with Mom in San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722223/toddler-separated-from-family-at-border-is-returned-in-san-francisco\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Currently, the exact number of children separated from a parent or guardian by immigration authorities is unknown, but according to the Department of Health and Human Services in June, there were more than 2,700 children in its care. Thousands more children may have been separated during an influx that began in 2017 prior to the accounting required by the court however, the report continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are at least 200 children that have been taken since the judge issued the ban and while there are a handful of cases marked by criminal history, the criteria the Department of Homeland Security is using to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711704/after-eight-month-separation-an-salvadoran-asylum-seeker-reconnects-with-4-year-old-son\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">justify these separations\u003c/a> is unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The continued family separations are functioning in a legal loophole which allows for exceptions when immigration officials believe a parent poses a danger to a child, a policy that previous administrations have sometimes also used to separate children from their families for their protection. But as the House oversight committee learned, federal law doesn’t define what makes a parent a threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is nothing in law which either precludes arbitrary separation or defines the terms for separations,” said Commander Jonathan White, who used to help run the agency responsible for immigrant children in government care and now works at the U.S. Public Health Service. “Neither is there anything in law that gives us the authority to say that child is not separated after all and refuse a placement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his testimony, White urged members of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce to pass a law clarifying under what circumstances it’s acceptable to take a child away from a parent. Advocates who testified explained that in some of the recent separations, parents were deemed unfit due to immigration violations or “other reasons,” underscoring White’s concern about the policy’s gray area.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721246/san-francisco-therapists-help-migrant-families-cope-with-trauma\">San Francisco Therapists Help Migrant Families Cope With Trauma\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721246/san-francisco-therapists-help-migrant-families-cope-with-trauma\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34846_IMG_9423-qut-1020x652.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When asked if he would have advised the Department of Homeland Security to implement the zero-tolerance policy, White said, “Neither I nor any career person in ORR would ever have supported such a policy proposal. … Separating children from their parents poses a significant risk of traumatic psychological injury to the child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alan Gomez, an immigration reporter for USA Today, told KQED the current separation policy “is a very gray area and it’s very hard to understand what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the fact that Judge Sabraw — the federal judge who ordered the administration to reunite these families — insisted that a system be left in place to track these children and their guardians, there is no integrated database among Homeland Security, the Department of Health and Human Services and ICE to speak of, Gomez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be an integrated system between all of those to track them and while they’ve made some progress on that there is still no unified database that they can point to,” Gomez said. “…We’ve heard a lot of the committee members really get enraged over that and that’s one part where I could see Congress you know both parties stepping in to say, ‘We need to legislate this. We need to order this process.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting by Julie Small, Polly Stryker and Mina Kim\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Hundreds of migrant children have been separated from their parents at the border even after a federal judge ordered the Trump administration to stop family separation last June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday, a congressional oversight hearing — the first of its kind to examine the Trump administration in regards to immigration — looked into why these separations \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11723069/u-s-official-defends-efforts-to-reunite-migrant-children-with-parents\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">are still happening\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing comes on the heels of \u003ca href=\"https://oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a watchdog report\u003c/a> issued by the U.S. Department of Heath and Human Services, which found administration officials will likely never know the exact number of families separated. The report states that because the Department of Homeland Security continues to provide the Office of Refugee Resettlement with “limited information about the reasons for these separations,” this may impede the ORR’s ability to determine placements and continue to impact the accuracy of data surrounding separated children.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722223/toddler-separated-from-family-at-border-is-returned-in-san-francisco\">Toddler Separated From Family at Border Reunited with Mom in San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11722223/toddler-separated-from-family-at-border-is-returned-in-san-francisco\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/Sindy_Ortiz_Flores_reunion_013019-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Currently, the exact number of children separated from a parent or guardian by immigration authorities is unknown, but according to the Department of Health and Human Services in June, there were more than 2,700 children in its care. Thousands more children may have been separated during an influx that began in 2017 prior to the accounting required by the court however, the report continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are at least 200 children that have been taken since the judge issued the ban and while there are a handful of cases marked by criminal history, the criteria the Department of Homeland Security is using to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711704/after-eight-month-separation-an-salvadoran-asylum-seeker-reconnects-with-4-year-old-son\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">justify these separations\u003c/a> is unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The continued family separations are functioning in a legal loophole which allows for exceptions when immigration officials believe a parent poses a danger to a child, a policy that previous administrations have sometimes also used to separate children from their families for their protection. But as the House oversight committee learned, federal law doesn’t define what makes a parent a threat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is nothing in law which either precludes arbitrary separation or defines the terms for separations,” said Commander Jonathan White, who used to help run the agency responsible for immigrant children in government care and now works at the U.S. Public Health Service. “Neither is there anything in law that gives us the authority to say that child is not separated after all and refuse a placement.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During his testimony, White urged members of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce to pass a law clarifying under what circumstances it’s acceptable to take a child away from a parent. Advocates who testified explained that in some of the recent separations, parents were deemed unfit due to immigration violations or “other reasons,” underscoring White’s concern about the policy’s gray area.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721246/san-francisco-therapists-help-migrant-families-cope-with-trauma\">San Francisco Therapists Help Migrant Families Cope With Trauma\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11721246/san-francisco-therapists-help-migrant-families-cope-with-trauma\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34846_IMG_9423-qut-1020x652.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>When asked if he would have advised the Department of Homeland Security to implement the zero-tolerance policy, White said, “Neither I nor any career person in ORR would ever have supported such a policy proposal. … Separating children from their parents poses a significant risk of traumatic psychological injury to the child.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alan Gomez, an immigration reporter for USA Today, told KQED the current separation policy “is a very gray area and it’s very hard to understand what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the fact that Judge Sabraw — the federal judge who ordered the administration to reunite these families — insisted that a system be left in place to track these children and their guardians, there is no integrated database among Homeland Security, the Department of Health and Human Services and ICE to speak of, Gomez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There needs to be an integrated system between all of those to track them and while they’ve made some progress on that there is still no unified database that they can point to,” Gomez said. “…We’ve heard a lot of the committee members really get enraged over that and that’s one part where I could see Congress you know both parties stepping in to say, ‘We need to legislate this. We need to order this process.'”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting by Julie Small, Polly Stryker and Mina Kim\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Letter to My California Dreamer: A Revolutionary Dream, From Jalisco to Berkeley",
"title": "Letter to My California Dreamer: A Revolutionary Dream, From Jalisco to Berkeley",
"headTitle": "Letter to My CA Dreamer | The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>For our series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/letters-to-my-california-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Letter to My California Dreamer,\"\u003c/a> we’re asking Californians from all walks of life to write a short letter to one of the first people in their family who came to the Golden State. The letter should explain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was their California Dream? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happened to it? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is that California Dream still alive for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[vimeo 181337406 w=640 h=360]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a letter from Lara Medina to her grandfather:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Dear Grandfather Blas,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">In the midst of the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porfirio_D%C3%ADaz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Porfirio Díaz\u003c/a> dictatorship that kept Mexican \u003cem>campesinos\u003c/em> in poverty, you left your small pueblo outside of Jalisco to find work. In the big city of Guadalajara, you were exposed to talk of unions and revolution. Working first as brick layer, then as a stonemason, you continued to be exploited. So in 1902, you decided to leave Mexico for the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11722433\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11722433\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-800x626.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"626\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-800x626.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-1020x798.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-1200x939.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soon after migrating to California from Mexico, Blas Lara took a job in the logging industry at Fort Bragg in Mendocino County. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Metropolitan Museum of Art)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You crossed the border at El Paso, Texas, then traveled by train to San Francisco. Eventually, you found steady work in the logging industry at Fort Bragg in Mendocino County. Your budding revolutionary consciousness found a place among the socialist-minded workers from Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Your brief return to Mexico in 1905, to care for your seriously ill sister, introduced you to the anarchist ideology of the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Liberal_Party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Partido Liberal Mexicano\u003c/a> — a political group opposed to the dictatorship. Dignity for all workers compelled you to get involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">So when you returned to Fort Bragg, you attempted to organize your fellow workers to form a union. But your employer, The Union Lumber Company, ironically did not believe in unions. You were subsequently fired, then joined the Socialist Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Upon the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, you relocated to Los Angeles to join exiled members of the Partido Liberal Mexicano, including famed leaders \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ricardo\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enrique Flores Magón.\u003c/a> You helped the cause by editing and writing for their binational newspaper called \u003cem>Regeneración\u003c/em>. The next 10 years spent in L.A. saw you become a public speaker, rallying workers of all ethnicities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11722435\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11722435\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2372\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-160x198.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-800x988.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-1020x1260.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-971x1200.jpg 971w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While living in Los Angeles, Blas Lara wrote and edited for Regeneracion, a political newspaper started by the Partido Liberal Mexicano. The paper rallied Mexicanos on both sides of the U.S. border in support of the Mexican Revolution and workers rights. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Archivo Magón)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">By 1920 the revolution ended, and the newspaper was no longer published, so you returned to Northern California. You settled in West Berkeley where you got married and raised four children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Growing up, I remember visiting you in your small wooden house on 5th Street. Once a month, my parents, sister and I would cross the Bay from Marin County in our blue Mercury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">On these visits, you never spoke much. But you communicated your sentiments by the look in your eyes and the feel of your handshake. When you’d shake my hand, you’d say, “You will be a school teacher.” You were right. I am now a professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">But for most of my life, I was unaware of your time as a laborer and activist. Nor did I know that you spent most of your days and nights writing about your past. Then my father died in 2002, and I inherited your memoir from him. Ten years later, I finally read it and learned about your clandestine life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11722434\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11722434\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lara Medina stands in front of her grandfather's home in West Berkeley. The home remained in her family’s name till 2018. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lara Medina)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You were a self-taught writer and revolutionary, committed to the freedom of Mexican people on both sides of the border. Thank you, grandfather, for the sacrifices you made so that your family — now living in Los Angeles and the Bay Area — can live with dignity and carry on the struggle for justice in our own ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Love,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Lara\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We’d love to see your letter to your family’s California Dreamer. Maybe it was a parent, a great-great grandparent or maybe even you were the first in your family to come to California with a dream. \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/californiadreamletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fill out the form here\u003c/a> and share your story with us!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For our series, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/letters-to-my-california-dreamer\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Letter to My California Dreamer,\"\u003c/a> we’re asking Californians from all walks of life to write a short letter to one of the first people in their family who came to the Golden State. The letter should explain:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was their California Dream? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What happened to it? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Is that California Dream still alive for you?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here's a letter from Lara Medina to her grandfather:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Dear Grandfather Blas,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">In the midst of the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porfirio_D%C3%ADaz\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Porfirio Díaz\u003c/a> dictatorship that kept Mexican \u003cem>campesinos\u003c/em> in poverty, you left your small pueblo outside of Jalisco to find work. In the big city of Guadalajara, you were exposed to talk of unions and revolution. Working first as brick layer, then as a stonemason, you continued to be exploited. So in 1902, you decided to leave Mexico for the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11722433\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11722433\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-800x626.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"626\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-800x626.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-160x125.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-1020x798.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut-1200x939.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34996_fort-bragg-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soon after migrating to California from Mexico, Blas Lara took a job in the logging industry at Fort Bragg in Mendocino County. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Metropolitan Museum of Art)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You crossed the border at El Paso, Texas, then traveled by train to San Francisco. Eventually, you found steady work in the logging industry at Fort Bragg in Mendocino County. Your budding revolutionary consciousness found a place among the socialist-minded workers from Europe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Your brief return to Mexico in 1905, to care for your seriously ill sister, introduced you to the anarchist ideology of the \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mexican_Liberal_Party\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Partido Liberal Mexicano\u003c/a> — a political group opposed to the dictatorship. Dignity for all workers compelled you to get involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">So when you returned to Fort Bragg, you attempted to organize your fellow workers to form a union. But your employer, The Union Lumber Company, ironically did not believe in unions. You were subsequently fired, then joined the Socialist Party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Upon the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution in 1910, you relocated to Los Angeles to join exiled members of the Partido Liberal Mexicano, including famed leaders \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ricardo_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ricardo\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enrique_Flores_Mag%C3%B3n\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Enrique Flores Magón.\u003c/a> You helped the cause by editing and writing for their binational newspaper called \u003cem>Regeneración\u003c/em>. The next 10 years spent in L.A. saw you become a public speaker, rallying workers of all ethnicities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11722435\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11722435\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2372\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-160x198.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-800x988.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-1020x1260.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34998_Regeneracion-qut-971x1200.jpg 971w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">While living in Los Angeles, Blas Lara wrote and edited for Regeneracion, a political newspaper started by the Partido Liberal Mexicano. The paper rallied Mexicanos on both sides of the U.S. border in support of the Mexican Revolution and workers rights. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Archivo Magón)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">By 1920 the revolution ended, and the newspaper was no longer published, so you returned to Northern California. You settled in West Berkeley where you got married and raised four children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Growing up, I remember visiting you in your small wooden house on 5th Street. Once a month, my parents, sister and I would cross the Bay from Marin County in our blue Mercury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">On these visits, you never spoke much. But you communicated your sentiments by the look in your eyes and the feel of your handshake. When you’d shake my hand, you’d say, “You will be a school teacher.” You were right. I am now a professor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">But for most of my life, I was unaware of your time as a laborer and activist. Nor did I know that you spent most of your days and nights writing about your past. Then my father died in 2002, and I inherited your memoir from him. Ten years later, I finally read it and learned about your clandestine life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11722434\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11722434\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-160x213.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-1020x1360.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111-900x1200.jpg 900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34997_Lara-at-grandfathers-home-qut-e1548957508111.jpg 1440w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lara Medina stands in front of her grandfather's home in West Berkeley. The home remained in her family’s name till 2018. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lara Medina)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">You were a self-taught writer and revolutionary, committed to the freedom of Mexican people on both sides of the border. Thank you, grandfather, for the sacrifices you made so that your family — now living in Los Angeles and the Bay Area — can live with dignity and carry on the struggle for justice in our own ways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Love,\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"font-family: courier\">Lara\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>We’d love to see your letter to your family’s California Dreamer. Maybe it was a parent, a great-great grandparent or maybe even you were the first in your family to come to California with a dream. \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/californiadreamletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fill out the form here\u003c/a> and share your story with us!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "Toddler Separated From Family at Border Reunited with Mom in San Francisco",
"title": "Toddler Separated From Family at Border Reunited with Mom in San Francisco",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Sindy Ortiz Flores, 23, waited anxiously at San Francisco International Airport's Terminal 1 on Tuesday night, her gaze fixed on the stream of arriving passengers. Then Ortiz let out a sigh -- she had spotted her 18-month-old daughter, Grethshell Juliet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a woman carrying Grethshell from the plane handed her to her mother, the little girl began to wail. Ortiz also burst into tears, clutching her baby tight for the first time in more than a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Border Patrol agents took Grethshell from her father, Kevin Ventura Corrales, on Dec. 28, after arresting him and the baby near Calexico. The government moved to prosecute Ventura for illegally re-entering the United States. Grethshell was turned over to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement, which placed her in a shelter in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes seven months after President Donald Trump signed an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/\">executive order\u003c/a> halting most family separations at the border, and a federal judge in San Diego \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfareblog.com/document-federal-judge-orders-government-reunite-families\">ordered\u003c/a> the administration to end family separations, except in cases when the parent is unfit or a danger to the child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government records say Grethshell's family left Honduras on October 2018, fearing persecution if they returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz and her two older children got split up from her husband and Grethshell while in Mexico. Ortiz and the older kids made it to San Francisco, where relatives live. She said she is in the process of applying for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">Migrant Boy, 8, Dies in Government Custody in New Mexico Hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1074813798_slide-540fd76cc9a78d0f54abeba6bd4348fdc5d1a3e8-1180x786.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said their separation had been extremely difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt desperate and helpless, not knowing what do do,\" said Ortiz, as she waited for her baby at San Francisco International Airport. \"I've been so nervous, wondering whether they were going to give her back to me or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said she spent long weeks calling government agencies, first trying to locate Grethshell and then struggling to get her back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lisa Castellanos, who works with the immigrant advocacy group Mijente, said the government initially demanded Ortiz pay $4,000 and provide a credit card number — neither of which Ortiz has — to cover the cost of her toddler's travel. Castellanos said that after the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/an-asylum-seekers-quest-to-get-her-toddler-back\">attracted media attention\u003c/a>, officials agreed to deliver the toddler to her mother without charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Ventura, Grethshell's father, who is also seeking asylum, remained in immigration detention in Arizona as of Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials said Ventura was charged with illegal re-entry into the U.S., a felony with potential jail time if convicted, and had been previously removed from the country four times.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">Thousands More Migrant Children May Have Been Separated From Families\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-1026536026-e1547762507389.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ventura also had a previous misdemeanor for which he served less than a year in jail, said Assistant Chief Patrol Agent David Kim of the Border Patrol's El Centro sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The father was separated from the child because he was being criminally prosecuted for felony 8 USC 1326 (illegal re-entry),\" said Kim in a statement. \"Once a person is charged with a felony and they get rolled into the criminal process, a child is not going to accompany them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kim and U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials did not further explain how Ventura was unfit or posed a danger to his child, the standard which would justify their separation under U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Fish, an attorney with Federal Defenders of San Diego, who represented Ventura in federal court, said the charge of illegal re-entry has been dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the airport Tuesday night, Ortiz had a message for Trump: \"Stop hurting families,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Months after a judge ordered an end to most migrant family separations, an 18-month-old girl spent a month in government custody in Texas.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sindy Ortiz Flores, 23, waited anxiously at San Francisco International Airport's Terminal 1 on Tuesday night, her gaze fixed on the stream of arriving passengers. Then Ortiz let out a sigh -- she had spotted her 18-month-old daughter, Grethshell Juliet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a woman carrying Grethshell from the plane handed her to her mother, the little girl began to wail. Ortiz also burst into tears, clutching her baby tight for the first time in more than a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Border Patrol agents took Grethshell from her father, Kevin Ventura Corrales, on Dec. 28, after arresting him and the baby near Calexico. The government moved to prosecute Ventura for illegally re-entering the United States. Grethshell was turned over to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Office of Refugee Resettlement, which placed her in a shelter in Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The move comes seven months after President Donald Trump signed an \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/affording-congress-opportunity-address-family-separation/\">executive order\u003c/a> halting most family separations at the border, and a federal judge in San Diego \u003ca href=\"https://www.lawfareblog.com/document-federal-judge-orders-government-reunite-families\">ordered\u003c/a> the administration to end family separations, except in cases when the parent is unfit or a danger to the child.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government records say Grethshell's family left Honduras on October 2018, fearing persecution if they returned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz and her two older children got split up from her husband and Grethshell while in Mexico. Ortiz and the older kids made it to San Francisco, where relatives live. She said she is in the process of applying for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">Migrant Boy, 8, Dies in Government Custody in New Mexico Hospital\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714666/migrant-boy-8-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1074813798_slide-540fd76cc9a78d0f54abeba6bd4348fdc5d1a3e8-1180x786.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said their separation had been extremely difficult.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I felt desperate and helpless, not knowing what do do,\" said Ortiz, as she waited for her baby at San Francisco International Airport. \"I've been so nervous, wondering whether they were going to give her back to me or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ortiz said she spent long weeks calling government agencies, first trying to locate Grethshell and then struggling to get her back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lisa Castellanos, who works with the immigrant advocacy group Mijente, said the government initially demanded Ortiz pay $4,000 and provide a credit card number — neither of which Ortiz has — to cover the cost of her toddler's travel. Castellanos said that after the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/an-asylum-seekers-quest-to-get-her-toddler-back\">attracted media attention\u003c/a>, officials agreed to deliver the toddler to her mother without charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, Ventura, Grethshell's father, who is also seeking asylum, remained in immigration detention in Arizona as of Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officials said Ventura was charged with illegal re-entry into the U.S., a felony with potential jail time if convicted, and had been previously removed from the country four times.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">Thousands More Migrant Children May Have Been Separated From Families\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11718987/thousands-more-migrant-children-may-have-been-separated-from-families\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-1026536026-e1547762507389.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Ventura also had a previous misdemeanor for which he served less than a year in jail, said Assistant Chief Patrol Agent David Kim of the Border Patrol's El Centro sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The father was separated from the child because he was being criminally prosecuted for felony 8 USC 1326 (illegal re-entry),\" said Kim in a statement. \"Once a person is charged with a felony and they get rolled into the criminal process, a child is not going to accompany them.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kim and U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials did not further explain how Ventura was unfit or posed a danger to his child, the standard which would justify their separation under U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Fish, an attorney with Federal Defenders of San Diego, who represented Ventura in federal court, said the charge of illegal re-entry has been dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the airport Tuesday night, Ortiz had a message for Trump: \"Stop hurting families,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Some immigrant youth looking to start over in the United States after fleeing abusive homes are seeing their applications for green cards rejected because the Trump administration says they’re too old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A U.S. government program in place since 1990 has let young immigrants subject to abuse, abandonment or neglect by a parent seek a court-appointed guardian and a green card to stay in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While applicants must file paperwork before age 21, the Trump administration has said some are too old to qualify once they turn 18, prompting a flurry of denial notices over the past year in New York, Texas and California, and additional questions of applicants in New Jersey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This administration is literally going after some of the most vulnerable people trying to seek relief.’\u003ccite>Mary Tanagho Ross, an appellate staff attorney at Los Angeles-based Public Counsel’s immigrant rights project\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates have filed lawsuits in New York and California and said hundreds of young people could be affected by the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This administration is literally going after some of the most vulnerable people trying to seek relief,” said Mary Tanagho Ross, an appellate staff attorney at Los Angeles-based Public Counsel’s immigrant rights project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been pushing to harden the U.S. border and slash immigration with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712226/almost-15000-migrant-children-now-held-at-nearly-full-shelters\">series of steps targeting Central American children\u003c/a> who arrive on the border alone or with relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Attorney General Jeff Sessions sought to make it tougher for young immigrants fleeing gangs or domestic violence to win asylum — though some guidance he issued on such cases was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713574/judge-blocks-trump-policies-on-who-can-apply-for-asylum\">recently blocked by a federal judge\u003c/a>. And the U.S. government has been slower to release immigrant children caught on the border to family in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713863/migrant-kids-in-government-custody-could-be-released-to-families-more-quickly\">Migrant Kids in Government Custody Could Be Released to Families More Quickly\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713863/migrant-kids-in-government-custody-could-be-released-to-families-more-quickly\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/gettyimages-978851868_wide-681c4d234d5dd786cd95ba86f2f66243967a4d05-1180x663.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The program is the best chance for many of the thousands of young immigrants arriving on the border to be allowed to stay in the U.S. Under U.S. law, they can apply for green cards after a designated court in the U.S. state where they live assigns them a guardian and declares they are eligible to apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A now-22-year-old woman in Northern California, who requested anonymity out of fear the U.S. government will retaliate against her for speaking out, fled her Mexican immigrant parents’ home in high school after her father repeatedly beat her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was taken in by a teacher, who helped her get started in college and took care of her when she was diagnosed with cancer. When a judge formally named the teacher her legal guardian, it was a huge relief, she said. But she later learned the U.S. government wouldn’t accept the court’s order for her green card application. She dropped to the floor and sobbed, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just couldn’t believe I was going to have to try to defend myself again,” she said. “I don’t refer to her by her name or that she’s my guardian — I just call her mom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715117/s-f-therapist-offers-compassion-care-to-families-released-from-ice-detention\">S.F. Therapist Offers Compassion, Care to Families Released From ICE Detention\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715117/s-f-therapist-offers-compassion-care-to-families-released-from-ice-detention\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34586_IMG_3726-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More than 50,000 young immigrants have obtained green cards by qualifying for special immigrant juvenile status since 2010. The overwhelming majority of applications have been approved by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, making the program a safer bet for many immigrant children seeking refuge in the United States than pleading a case for asylum before an immigration officer or judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applications to the program have surged in recent years, rising more than threefold between the 2014 and 2017 fiscal years, federal data show. During that time, the number of denials also increased, with 2,000 applications rejected over the past two fiscal years — more than all of the previous seven years combined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change was most notable in the nine months ending in June 2018, when one in five applications that were decided were denied, the data show. About 7 percent of application decisions in the 2017 fiscal year and 4 percent of decisions in the 2016 fiscal year were denials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government started reviewing applications at a centralized location in late 2016 to improve efficiency. The following year, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services sought legal guidance from the agency’s Office of Chief Counsel for cases involving immigrant children who turned 18 before their paperwork had been completed and determined that a state court order is valid only if that court has the authority to reunite children with their parents, which many don’t, according to agency officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698174/immigrants-using-public-benefits-could-be-denied-green-cards-under-new-proposal\">Immigrants Using Public Benefits Could Be Denied Green Cards Under New Proposal\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698174/immigrants-using-public-benefits-could-be-denied-green-cards-under-new-proposal\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/ImmigrantsLine.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As a result, 260 cases were denied, they said, adding that the agency may have previously approved some cases that it should not have.\u003cbr>\nUSCIS officials said they could not comment on pending litigation.\u003cbr>\nBeth Krause, supervising attorney of the Immigrant Youth Project at Legal Aid in New York, said the federal immigration agency doesn’t have the authority to question state law, which in New York expressly allows courts to issue guardianship orders to cover this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“USCIS changed their policy and they changed their policy in a way that is arbitrary and capricious because it doesn’t comport with the federal statute” that says young people have until age 21, said Krause, who is representing young immigrants in the New York filing. “They’re getting it wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, a federal judge has blocked the U.S. government from denying the young immigrants’ cases for now. The state enacted a law several years ago expressly allowing probate courts to issue orders for immigrants who are between 18 and 21 so they can apply to participate in the federal program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the Trump administration’s changes, immigrant advocates said they are also changing how they try to help these young applicants. Often, attorneys are looking into alternative ways to get these youth on stable legal footing in the United States, for example, applying for asylum in addition to special immigrant juvenile status, said Priya Konings, deputy director of legal services at Kids in Need of Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is just creating extra work for us — which is fine —but overburdening an already almost broken system,” Konings said. “It’s incredibly obvious that the administration is targeting immigrants at large, particularly unaccompanied minors, and they’re doing it on every front.”\u003cbr>\n___\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Deepti Hajela reported from New York.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Some immigrant youth looking to start over in the United States after fleeing abusive homes are seeing their applications for green cards rejected because the Trump administration says they’re too old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A U.S. government program in place since 1990 has let young immigrants subject to abuse, abandonment or neglect by a parent seek a court-appointed guardian and a green card to stay in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While applicants must file paperwork before age 21, the Trump administration has said some are too old to qualify once they turn 18, prompting a flurry of denial notices over the past year in New York, Texas and California, and additional questions of applicants in New Jersey.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘This administration is literally going after some of the most vulnerable people trying to seek relief.’\u003ccite>Mary Tanagho Ross, an appellate staff attorney at Los Angeles-based Public Counsel’s immigrant rights project\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates have filed lawsuits in New York and California and said hundreds of young people could be affected by the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This administration is literally going after some of the most vulnerable people trying to seek relief,” said Mary Tanagho Ross, an appellate staff attorney at Los Angeles-based Public Counsel’s immigrant rights project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has been pushing to harden the U.S. border and slash immigration with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712226/almost-15000-migrant-children-now-held-at-nearly-full-shelters\">series of steps targeting Central American children\u003c/a> who arrive on the border alone or with relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Attorney General Jeff Sessions sought to make it tougher for young immigrants fleeing gangs or domestic violence to win asylum — though some guidance he issued on such cases was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713574/judge-blocks-trump-policies-on-who-can-apply-for-asylum\">recently blocked by a federal judge\u003c/a>. And the U.S. government has been slower to release immigrant children caught on the border to family in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713863/migrant-kids-in-government-custody-could-be-released-to-families-more-quickly\">Migrant Kids in Government Custody Could Be Released to Families More Quickly\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713863/migrant-kids-in-government-custody-could-be-released-to-families-more-quickly\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/06/gettyimages-978851868_wide-681c4d234d5dd786cd95ba86f2f66243967a4d05-1180x663.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The program is the best chance for many of the thousands of young immigrants arriving on the border to be allowed to stay in the U.S. Under U.S. law, they can apply for green cards after a designated court in the U.S. state where they live assigns them a guardian and declares they are eligible to apply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A now-22-year-old woman in Northern California, who requested anonymity out of fear the U.S. government will retaliate against her for speaking out, fled her Mexican immigrant parents’ home in high school after her father repeatedly beat her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was taken in by a teacher, who helped her get started in college and took care of her when she was diagnosed with cancer. When a judge formally named the teacher her legal guardian, it was a huge relief, she said. But she later learned the U.S. government wouldn’t accept the court’s order for her green card application. She dropped to the floor and sobbed, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just couldn’t believe I was going to have to try to defend myself again,” she said. “I don’t refer to her by her name or that she’s my guardian — I just call her mom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715117/s-f-therapist-offers-compassion-care-to-families-released-from-ice-detention\">S.F. Therapist Offers Compassion, Care to Families Released From ICE Detention\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715117/s-f-therapist-offers-compassion-care-to-families-released-from-ice-detention\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/RS34586_IMG_3726-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>More than 50,000 young immigrants have obtained green cards by qualifying for special immigrant juvenile status since 2010. The overwhelming majority of applications have been approved by U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, making the program a safer bet for many immigrant children seeking refuge in the United States than pleading a case for asylum before an immigration officer or judge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Applications to the program have surged in recent years, rising more than threefold between the 2014 and 2017 fiscal years, federal data show. During that time, the number of denials also increased, with 2,000 applications rejected over the past two fiscal years — more than all of the previous seven years combined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The change was most notable in the nine months ending in June 2018, when one in five applications that were decided were denied, the data show. About 7 percent of application decisions in the 2017 fiscal year and 4 percent of decisions in the 2016 fiscal year were denials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. government started reviewing applications at a centralized location in late 2016 to improve efficiency. The following year, U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services sought legal guidance from the agency’s Office of Chief Counsel for cases involving immigrant children who turned 18 before their paperwork had been completed and determined that a state court order is valid only if that court has the authority to reunite children with their parents, which many don’t, according to agency officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698174/immigrants-using-public-benefits-could-be-denied-green-cards-under-new-proposal\">Immigrants Using Public Benefits Could Be Denied Green Cards Under New Proposal\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11698174/immigrants-using-public-benefits-could-be-denied-green-cards-under-new-proposal\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/10/ImmigrantsLine.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As a result, 260 cases were denied, they said, adding that the agency may have previously approved some cases that it should not have.\u003cbr>\nUSCIS officials said they could not comment on pending litigation.\u003cbr>\nBeth Krause, supervising attorney of the Immigrant Youth Project at Legal Aid in New York, said the federal immigration agency doesn’t have the authority to question state law, which in New York expressly allows courts to issue guardianship orders to cover this age group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“USCIS changed their policy and they changed their policy in a way that is arbitrary and capricious because it doesn’t comport with the federal statute” that says young people have until age 21, said Krause, who is representing young immigrants in the New York filing. “They’re getting it wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, a federal judge has blocked the U.S. government from denying the young immigrants’ cases for now. The state enacted a law several years ago expressly allowing probate courts to issue orders for immigrants who are between 18 and 21 so they can apply to participate in the federal program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the Trump administration’s changes, immigrant advocates said they are also changing how they try to help these young applicants. Often, attorneys are looking into alternative ways to get these youth on stable legal footing in the United States, for example, applying for asylum in addition to special immigrant juvenile status, said Priya Konings, deputy director of legal services at Kids in Need of Defense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is just creating extra work for us — which is fine —but overburdening an already almost broken system,” Konings said. “It’s incredibly obvious that the administration is targeting immigrants at large, particularly unaccompanied minors, and they’re doing it on every front.”\u003cbr>\n___\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Deepti Hajela reported from New York.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the wake of the death of a second migrant child in U.S. custody within the past two weeks, Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen announced on Wednesday the government is calling on several federal agencies to help U.S. Customs and Border Protection implement a host of new directives intended to improve how it cares for children and adults held in federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In response to the unprecedented surge of children into our custody, I have directed a series of extraordinary protective measures,” Nielsen said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explained the changes had been enacted as a result of the “heartbreaking” death of Guatemalan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/25/680066848/8-year-old-migrant-boy-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">Felipe Gomez Alonso\u003c/a>, 8, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714697/california-lawmakers-slam-border-patrol-over-latest-migrant-child-death\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">died after being diagnosed\u003c/a> with a cold and a high fever in New Mexico on Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/13/676622047/7-year-old-migrant-girl-dies-of-dehydration-and-shock-in-border-patrol-custody\">Jackelin Caal Maquin\u003c/a>, a 7-year-old girl also from Guatemala, died of dehydration and septic shock on Dec. 8, two days after she was taken into custody with her father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is now clear that migrants, particularly children, are increasingly facing medical challenges and harboring illness caused by their long and dangerous journey,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent fatalities are the first such child deaths in more than a decade, according to Nielsen, who cited the remote locations of their crossings and lack of resources as the primary obstacles preventing first responders from dispatching assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Tuesday, Border Patrol agents had started conducting secondary medical checks on all children in CBP custody, including unaccompanied minors and those part of family units traveling with other family members or legal guardians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving forward, all children will receive more thorough hands on assessment at the earliest possible time post-apprehension – whether or not the accompanying adult has asked for one,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Homeland Security secretary said she had tapped the Department of Defense to boost medical staffs along the border as well as the U.S. Coast Guard Medical Corps to assess CBP’s medical programs and make recommendations for improvements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, Nielsen said, “I have personally engaged with the Centers for Disease Control to request that their experts investigate the uptick in sick children crossing our borders and identify additional steps hospitals along the border should be undertaking to prepare for and to treat these children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An earlier statement by CBP Commissioner Kevin McAleenan noted the agency is considering requesting further aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency and Health and Human Services “to assist U.S. Border Patrol supplemental medical capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With regard to the partnership with the CDC, McAleenan said the two agencies would coordinate “on the numbers of children in custody as well” — a suggestion that drew sharp criticism from Rep. Lou Correa, a member of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus from California and chairman-elect of the House Homeland Security Oversight Subcommittee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that they’re trying to get an accurate head count now is very concerning,” Correa told NPR. “You would think that someone comes into custody, and that is when the head count is done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this age of high-tech interconnectivity, why is it that we don’t have an accurate head count?” he asked. “It raises a whole number of red flags.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correa supported the announced move by CBP to begin a full review of its policies regarding “the care and custody of children under 10 at intake and beyond 24 hours in custody,” saying a broader mind shift in the way migrants are perceived by Border Patrol agents and politicians is long overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CBP and Border Patrol have not figured out that this a refugee and humanitarian crisis. They’re still stuck in a mentality of zero tolerance and deterrence, when in reality what you have are families fleeing violence who need doctors and social services” when they arrive in the U.S. seeking asylum, Correa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The congressman said promises of more medical personnel do not sufficiently address the systematic and management problems within CBP that allowed for the deaths of Jackelin and Felipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the boy’s case, “he was transported to a local medical facility, then he was released and \u003cem>then\u003c/em> he died” Correa said. “That tells me we still have a lot of gaps in the system that we need to address.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew Meehan, CBP assistant commissioner for public affairs, told NPR there has been a “dramatic increase in the numbers of families and kids that are approaching the border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CBP, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\">48,287 family units\u003c/a> were apprehended during October and November, which is in contrast with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\">11,852 family units\u003c/a> that were apprehended during the same period in the previous fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of unaccompanied minors is also on the rise; 10,265 children traveled alone in October and November of this fiscal year, whereas 7,127 were taken into custody over the same two months the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meehan said the shift in demographics among arriving migrants has placed tremendous strain on existing intake systems and detention facilities built 20 to 30 years ago. “They are meant to handle single adults usually traveling for seasonal work” from Mexico, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary Nielsen placed the blame for the influx of young children on parents, suggesting that America has “an immigration system that rewards parents for sending their children across the border alone, a system that prevents parents who bring their children on a dangerous and illegal journey from facing consequences for their actions, an asylum process that is not able to quickly help those who qualify for asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under current law, non-Mexican unaccompanied children cannot be released or removed from the U.S. They are turned over to Health and Human Services for placement, while family units are typically released into the interior while they await asylum proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Joaquin Castro, D-Texas, who is the incoming chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/26/680260468/texas-congressman-discusses-border-facilities-and-how-to-prevent-future-deaths\">told NPR’s \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>\u003c/a> he hopes CBP moves quickly on its latest plan to relieve overcrowding issues in Border Patrol stations and checkpoints in El Paso. Officials said they are “reviewing all options” to reduce the number of people in custody by partnering with local nongovernmental organizations to provide temporary housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that [CBP] will ask Congress for the medical resources and supplies and training and equipment and personnel that they need to properly treat the migrants who are arriving at the U.S. Mexico border,” Castro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be noted that the lack of training and equipment and staff also presents a danger to the personnel from CBP who work there,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro said that it is “remarkable” that Congress has not received an official count of the number of children who have died in CBP custody over the last year and called on the agency to release the information immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because the president has taken such a dehumanizing and criminalizing tone when it comes to asylum-seekers and migrants, I think it’s important to get an answer to that question,” he said. “And until we get an official count, I think with this administration anything’s possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>NPR’s Joel Rose contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Department+Of+Homeland+Security+Promises+Changes+To+Protect+Migrant+Children&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the wake of the death of a second migrant child in U.S. custody within the past two weeks, Homeland Security Secretary Kirstjen Nielsen announced on Wednesday the government is calling on several federal agencies to help U.S. Customs and Border Protection implement a host of new directives intended to improve how it cares for children and adults held in federal facilities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In response to the unprecedented surge of children into our custody, I have directed a series of extraordinary protective measures,” Nielsen said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explained the changes had been enacted as a result of the “heartbreaking” death of Guatemalan \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/25/680066848/8-year-old-migrant-boy-dies-in-government-custody-in-new-mexico-hospital\">Felipe Gomez Alonso\u003c/a>, 8, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11714697/california-lawmakers-slam-border-patrol-over-latest-migrant-child-death\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">died after being diagnosed\u003c/a> with a cold and a high fever in New Mexico on Monday night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/13/676622047/7-year-old-migrant-girl-dies-of-dehydration-and-shock-in-border-patrol-custody\">Jackelin Caal Maquin\u003c/a>, a 7-year-old girl also from Guatemala, died of dehydration and septic shock on Dec. 8, two days after she was taken into custody with her father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is now clear that migrants, particularly children, are increasingly facing medical challenges and harboring illness caused by their long and dangerous journey,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent fatalities are the first such child deaths in more than a decade, according to Nielsen, who cited the remote locations of their crossings and lack of resources as the primary obstacles preventing first responders from dispatching assistance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Tuesday, Border Patrol agents had started conducting secondary medical checks on all children in CBP custody, including unaccompanied minors and those part of family units traveling with other family members or legal guardians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Moving forward, all children will receive more thorough hands on assessment at the earliest possible time post-apprehension – whether or not the accompanying adult has asked for one,” Nielsen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Homeland Security secretary said she had tapped the Department of Defense to boost medical staffs along the border as well as the U.S. Coast Guard Medical Corps to assess CBP’s medical programs and make recommendations for improvements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, Nielsen said, “I have personally engaged with the Centers for Disease Control to request that their experts investigate the uptick in sick children crossing our borders and identify additional steps hospitals along the border should be undertaking to prepare for and to treat these children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An earlier statement by CBP Commissioner Kevin McAleenan noted the agency is considering requesting further aid from the Federal Emergency Management Agency and Health and Human Services “to assist U.S. Border Patrol supplemental medical capabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With regard to the partnership with the CDC, McAleenan said the two agencies would coordinate “on the numbers of children in custody as well” — a suggestion that drew sharp criticism from Rep. Lou Correa, a member of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus from California and chairman-elect of the House Homeland Security Oversight Subcommittee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that they’re trying to get an accurate head count now is very concerning,” Correa told NPR. “You would think that someone comes into custody, and that is when the head count is done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In this age of high-tech interconnectivity, why is it that we don’t have an accurate head count?” he asked. “It raises a whole number of red flags.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Correa supported the announced move by CBP to begin a full review of its policies regarding “the care and custody of children under 10 at intake and beyond 24 hours in custody,” saying a broader mind shift in the way migrants are perceived by Border Patrol agents and politicians is long overdue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CBP and Border Patrol have not figured out that this a refugee and humanitarian crisis. They’re still stuck in a mentality of zero tolerance and deterrence, when in reality what you have are families fleeing violence who need doctors and social services” when they arrive in the U.S. seeking asylum, Correa said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The congressman said promises of more medical personnel do not sufficiently address the systematic and management problems within CBP that allowed for the deaths of Jackelin and Felipe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the boy’s case, “he was transported to a local medical facility, then he was released and \u003cem>then\u003c/em> he died” Correa said. “That tells me we still have a lot of gaps in the system that we need to address.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andrew Meehan, CBP assistant commissioner for public affairs, told NPR there has been a “dramatic increase in the numbers of families and kids that are approaching the border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to CBP, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\">48,287 family units\u003c/a> were apprehended during October and November, which is in contrast with \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration/fy-2018\">11,852 family units\u003c/a> that were apprehended during the same period in the previous fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of unaccompanied minors is also on the rise; 10,265 children traveled alone in October and November of this fiscal year, whereas 7,127 were taken into custody over the same two months the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meehan said the shift in demographics among arriving migrants has placed tremendous strain on existing intake systems and detention facilities built 20 to 30 years ago. “They are meant to handle single adults usually traveling for seasonal work” from Mexico, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Secretary Nielsen placed the blame for the influx of young children on parents, suggesting that America has “an immigration system that rewards parents for sending their children across the border alone, a system that prevents parents who bring their children on a dangerous and illegal journey from facing consequences for their actions, an asylum process that is not able to quickly help those who qualify for asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under current law, non-Mexican unaccompanied children cannot be released or removed from the U.S. They are turned over to Health and Human Services for placement, while family units are typically released into the interior while they await asylum proceedings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Joaquin Castro, D-Texas, who is the incoming chair of the Congressional Hispanic Caucus, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/26/680260468/texas-congressman-discusses-border-facilities-and-how-to-prevent-future-deaths\">told NPR’s \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em>\u003c/a> he hopes CBP moves quickly on its latest plan to relieve overcrowding issues in Border Patrol stations and checkpoints in El Paso. Officials said they are “reviewing all options” to reduce the number of people in custody by partnering with local nongovernmental organizations to provide temporary housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hope that [CBP] will ask Congress for the medical resources and supplies and training and equipment and personnel that they need to properly treat the migrants who are arriving at the U.S. Mexico border,” Castro said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be noted that the lack of training and equipment and staff also presents a danger to the personnel from CBP who work there,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Castro said that it is “remarkable” that Congress has not received an official count of the number of children who have died in CBP custody over the last year and called on the agency to release the information immediately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because the president has taken such a dehumanizing and criminalizing tone when it comes to asylum-seekers and migrants, I think it’s important to get an answer to that question,” he said. “And until we get an official count, I think with this administration anything’s possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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