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"content": "\u003cp>One of the two businesses where seven farmworkers were fatally shot last year in Half Moon Bay has paid more than $126,000 for workplace violations uncovered after the mass shooting, the U.S. Department of Labor confirmed to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden paid $84,000 in back wages and $42,500 in penalties assessed under federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/agriculture/mspa\">protections\u003c/a> covering migrant and seasonal agricultural workers. This is in addition to a separate $150,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">settlement paid\u003c/a> by the business to the California Labor Commissioner’s Office, according to a spokesperson for the agency. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alberto Raymond, assistant district director, U.S. Department of Labor San José Office\"]‘The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers. And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.’[/pullquote]A Department of Labor investigation into the second site where the back-to-back shootings occurred, Concord Farms, is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of investigators found California Terra Garden charged dozens of farmworkers to live in “deplorable” housing on-site and failed to notify them in writing about the terms of their employment as required, said Alberto Raymond, assistant district director at the agency’s San José office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers,” Raymond told KQED. “And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden made the full payment to the Department of Labor last summer. The agency has been working to track down 39 workers who are eligible for restitution over two years, according to Raymond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach California Terra Garden representatives for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller, who has helped the county take steps to support wage theft victims and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">start developing\u003c/a> more affordable housing units for agricultural workers, welcomed the news. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller\"]‘The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay.’[/pullquote]“The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay,” Mueller said in a statement. “On the county level, we are making active strides to ensure a safe and healthy future for all agricultural workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deemed an extreme case of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939361/im-afraid-half-moon-bay-shootings-may-have-been-extreme-case-of-workplace-violence\">workplace violence\u003c/a>, the murders on Jan. 23, 2023, at the two mushroom farms exposed very low wages and substandard housing conditions for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the shooting, Gov. Gavin Newsom told reporters that the farmworkers lived in “shipping containers” and earned only $9 an hour, far below California’s minimum wage. State and county officials vowed to investigate. [aside label='More on Half Moon Bay' tag='half-moon-bay']One year later, California workplace regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">accused\u003c/a> the two farm employers of various \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2023/2023-46.html\">safety\u003c/a> and labor law violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A criminal grand jury indicted the alleged gunman, Chunli Zhao, with seven counts of murder, among other charges. The judge in the case scheduled an arraignment for later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhao allegedly shot five people at California Terra Garden, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11966741/culture-cures-accordion-classes-for-half-moon-bay-farmworkers-offer-healing-through-music\">one of whom survived\u003c/a>. The former forklift operator, 66 at the time of the attacks, then shot and killed three more people at nearby Concord Farms, where he used to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers can check if they are owed wages by searching the Department of Labor’s \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/QLyCC5yWjXS6RzNRuz34vp?domain=webapps.dol.gov\">Workers Owed Wages website\u003c/a>, said an agency spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can also call a toll-free helpline at 1-866-487-9243 or contact the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/3E5MC680k4syMgwMS6yUM6?domain=dol.gov\">local office\u003c/a> where the case was managed. The California Terra Garden case was handled by the department’s Walnut Creek Area office at 415-625-7720.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California Terra Garden paid $84,000 in back wages and $42,500 in penalties under federal protections for agricultural workers. A Department of Labor investigation into Concord Farms, the second site of consecutive shootings, is ongoing.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the two businesses where seven farmworkers were fatally shot last year in Half Moon Bay has paid more than $126,000 for workplace violations uncovered after the mass shooting, the U.S. Department of Labor confirmed to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden paid $84,000 in back wages and $42,500 in penalties assessed under federal \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/agriculture/mspa\">protections\u003c/a> covering migrant and seasonal agricultural workers. This is in addition to a separate $150,000 \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">settlement paid\u003c/a> by the business to the California Labor Commissioner’s Office, according to a spokesperson for the agency. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A Department of Labor investigation into the second site where the back-to-back shootings occurred, Concord Farms, is ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A team of investigators found California Terra Garden charged dozens of farmworkers to live in “deplorable” housing on-site and failed to notify them in writing about the terms of their employment as required, said Alberto Raymond, assistant district director at the agency’s San José office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Department of Labor will enforce laws that protect all workers, particularly vulnerable workers,” Raymond told KQED. “And will put every effort to seek justice, to level the playing field.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Terra Garden made the full payment to the Department of Labor last summer. The agency has been working to track down 39 workers who are eligible for restitution over two years, according to Raymond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach California Terra Garden representatives for comment were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Mateo County Supervisor Ray Mueller, who has helped the county take steps to support wage theft victims and to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">start developing\u003c/a> more affordable housing units for agricultural workers, welcomed the news. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The enforcement and recovery work by the U.S. Department of Labor is another step toward justice for the families affected by the tragedy in Half Moon Bay,” Mueller said in a statement. “On the county level, we are making active strides to ensure a safe and healthy future for all agricultural workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deemed an extreme case of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939361/im-afraid-half-moon-bay-shootings-may-have-been-extreme-case-of-workplace-violence\">workplace violence\u003c/a>, the murders on Jan. 23, 2023, at the two mushroom farms exposed very low wages and substandard housing conditions for workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the shooting, Gov. Gavin Newsom told reporters that the farmworkers lived in “shipping containers” and earned only $9 an hour, far below California’s minimum wage. State and county officials vowed to investigate. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>One year later, California workplace regulators \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11973396/half-moon-bay-commemorates-1-year-anniversary-of-mass-shooting-that-killed-7\">accused\u003c/a> the two farm employers of various \u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/DIRNews/2023/2023-46.html\">safety\u003c/a> and labor law violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A criminal grand jury indicted the alleged gunman, Chunli Zhao, with seven counts of murder, among other charges. The judge in the case scheduled an arraignment for later this month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhao allegedly shot five people at California Terra Garden, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11966741/culture-cures-accordion-classes-for-half-moon-bay-farmworkers-offer-healing-through-music\">one of whom survived\u003c/a>. The former forklift operator, 66 at the time of the attacks, then shot and killed three more people at nearby Concord Farms, where he used to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Workers can check if they are owed wages by searching the Department of Labor’s \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/QLyCC5yWjXS6RzNRuz34vp?domain=webapps.dol.gov\">Workers Owed Wages website\u003c/a>, said an agency spokesperson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They can also call a toll-free helpline at 1-866-487-9243 or contact the \u003ca href=\"https://protect-us.mimecast.com/s/3E5MC680k4syMgwMS6yUM6?domain=dol.gov\">local office\u003c/a> where the case was managed. The California Terra Garden case was handled by the department’s Walnut Creek Area office at 415-625-7720.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Has California’s transition to electric cars hit some bumps in the road? Even though Californians are buying them in record numbers, several industry setbacks have been reported in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rental car company Hertz is selling \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/47129/000165785324000010/htz-20240111.htm\">about a third of its global electric vehicle fleet\u003c/a>, replacing them with gas-powered vehicles. In January, Ford announced that it was \u003ca href=\"https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2024/01/19/ford-adds-third-crew-to-meet-demand-for-bronco-and-ranger--reduc.html\">reducing production\u003c/a> of its F-150 Lightning electric pickup truck after \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2023/05/california-electric-cars-ford-f150/\">scaling it up last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla sales in California dropped 10% in the last three months of 2023 when compared to the same quarter a year earlier, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cncda.org/wp-content/uploads/Cal-Covering-4Q-23.pdf#page=6\">data from the California New Car Dealers Association\u003c/a>. And some automakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/17/business/ford-f150-lightning-electric-vehicle-prices.html\">last year announced production cutbacks\u003c/a> and delays in new electric models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the California Energy Commission provided another piece of the puzzle: Sales of electric cars in California reached \u003ca href=\"https://www.veloz.org/q4-2023-data-shows-a-29-percent-year-over-year-increase/\">record levels last year\u003c/a>, with 446,961 sold, up 29% from 2022, according to Veloz, a nonprofit that works with the commission to promote electric vehicle growth in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while sales of electric cars are still growing, it’s a slower pace of growth than the previous year: 2022 sales increased 38% from 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the final three months of 2023, Californians purchased 103,127 electric cars, an 8% increase over the same period in 2022. Fourth quarter sales last year were down 14% from the third quarter. But sales typically slow in the fourth quarter, and higher interest rates may have played a role, the commission said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Electric vehicle sales were up 29% in 2023, though they slowed at yearu2019s end\" aria-label=\"Column Chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-mBG1J\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/mBG1J/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"400\" data-external=\"1\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Nigro, founder of Atlas Public Policy, which researches the electric car market, said the transition to electric cars might be slower than some automakers and experts anticipated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Recognize where we are in a once-in-a-century transition — we’re in the very early stages,” Nigro said. “Even though EVs have been around for about 14 years, in this current iteration, they only really started to pick up sales nationally in the last five years or so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s no surprise that the industry is going to have to adjust their expectations,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the increased market share for electric vehicles means California is moving toward hitting its goals: Electric vehicles in California made up 25% of the new car market last year, up from nearly 19% in 2022. The state has \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/08/electric-cars-california-to-phase-out-gas-cars/\">mandated \u003c/a>that 35% of new 2026 cars sold must be zero-emissions, ramping up to 68% in 2030 and 100% in 2035. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Nick Nigro, founder, Atlas Public Policy, which researches the electric car market\"]‘Even though EVs have been around for about 14 years, in this current iteration, they only really started to pick up sales nationally in the last five years or so.’[/pullquote]“Transportation electrification is rapidly unfolding,” David Hochschild, chair of the California Energy Commission, said in a recorded video announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, an estimated 1.2 million electric vehicles were sold in 2023, which is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.coxautoinc.com/market-insights/q4-2023-ev-sales/\">a record, according to Kelley Blue Book\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pace of California’s transition matters because it is far above America’s leader in sales. A rapid transition to electric vehicles is also key to slashing greenhouse gases responsible for climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When originally introduced, Ford’s electric F-150 Lightning was so popular it had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kbb.com/car-news/ford-closes-reservations-for-f-150-lightning-has-3-year-backlog/\">three-year waiting list\u003c/a>. But in January, the company said it was \u003ca href=\"https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2024/01/19/ford-adds-third-crew-to-meet-demand-for-bronco-and-ranger--reduc.html\">cutting production\u003c/a> at its Rouge Electric Vehicle Center in Dearborn, Michigan, from two shifts to one, with some workers transferred to factories assembling gas-powered cars. Sales of the electric truck were up 55% in 2023, and Ford projected “further growth for 2024” but said it was making the changes to better meet customer demand for its pickups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Sperling, director of the Institute for Transportation Studies at UC Davis, cautioned about reading too much into the slowed-down production of the Ford F-150 Lightning. One interpretation, he said, is that the pickup truck might just simply not be the right product, calling it a “retrofitted vehicle” in which “they just pulled out the drive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, there could be broader financial reasons for the F-150 Lightning slowdown. Sales of all cars slowed last year, and legacy automakers faced cash flow challenges and a strike from the United Auto Workers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve got financial challenges, so if they can come up with an excuse to slow down their investments, they’re going to do it,” Sperling said. “But every one of them is just delaying. Not one of them is canceling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertz said it was selling its 20,000 electric car fleet earlier this year. In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/11/business/hertz-electric-vehicles-tesla.html\">interview with \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Hertz Chief Executive Stephen Scherr blamed price cuts by Tesla for lowering the resale value of the cars and added that they were more expensive to repair and more likely to be involved in collisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, sales by Tesla, by far the leader in electric vehicle sales, sold 230,589 cars, up from 185,090 in 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cncda.org/wp-content/uploads/Cal-Covering-4Q-23.pdf#page=6\">according to the California New Car Dealers Association\u003c/a>. But sales dropped in the year’s final three months to 47,592 from 52,782 over the same period the year before. Analysts say various factors, such as lower resale value after Tesla’s sticker prices dropped, may be at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest problems facing electric car adoption across the U.S. — and the world — is the need for more seamless charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lack of adequate public chargers has become a major impediment as customers begin to weigh electric cars as an alternative to gas-powered vehicles. To that end, the Biden administration is pouring some $\u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/biden-pours-623-million-into-ev-charging-void\">623 million into charging projects\u003c/a> across the nation, with California getting $168.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California is meeting its goals for new \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/04/21/california-surpasses-1-5-million-zevs-goal-two-years-ahead-of-schedule/\">electric car\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/10/23/california-hit-zev-truck-sales-goal-two-years-ahead-of-schedule/#:~:text=The%20goal%20%E2%80%93%206%25%20of%20new,years%20before%20the%202025%20goal.\">truck\u003c/a> sales, the state is projecting that it will need a much more robust electric charging network to support its ban on new gasoline-powered cars by 2035 and serve all drivers statewide. [aside postID=science_1991185 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/01/240122-EV-CHARGING-AP-RV-KQED-1020x663.jpg']An \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/reports/electric-vehicle-charging-infrastructure-assessment-ab-2127\">Energy Commission report\u003c/a> projects that California will need 1.01 million non-private chargers by 2030, and 2.11 million by 2035. It now has only 93,000, \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-almanac/zero-emission-vehicle-and-infrastructure-statistics/electric-vehicle\">according to \u003c/a>Energy Commission data. The state has met at least one important charging infrastructure goal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/09/18/charging-ahead-california-achieves-yet-another-ev-goal-ahead-of-schedule-as-more-dollars-go-to-communities-to-support-transition/#:~:text=NEW%20YORK%20%E2%80%93%20Today%2C%20during%20Climate,harmed%20by%20pollution%20and%20the\">installing 10,000-plus fast chargers last September\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its budget issues could also stymie California’s efforts to support electric car sales. Last year, California\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/09/california-electric-car-rebates/\"> eliminated its popular electric car rebate program\u003c/a> to focus on providing subsidies only to lower-income car buyers through the Clean Cars 4 All program, which has strict income limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Gov. Gavin Newsom has proposed a three-year delay for additional funding for that program, along with other programs to increase lower-income Californians’ access to cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Magavern, policy director of the Clean Air Coalition, said he’s concerned that it could leave low-income communities behind. He thinks the funding delays will likely result in cuts to the program. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Bill Magavern, policy director, Clean Air Coalition\"]‘We’re very disappointed in the governor’s proposal because he literally made a promise that he’s not keeping.’[/pullquote]“We’re very disappointed in the governor’s proposal because he literally made a promise that he’s not keeping,” Magavern said. “It’s really a fiction to say, well, we’re maintaining this funding, we’re just delaying it by three years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in federal tax incentives also may impact sales. The Treasury started the\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04012024/inside-clean-energy-short-list-of-evs-that-qualify-for-tax-credit-2024/#:~:text=EV%20shoppers%20woke%20up%20on,Tesla%20Cybertruck%20and%20Volkswagen%20ID.\"> new year off by announcing a relatively short list of cars\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1939\">qualified for a $7,500 subsidy\u003c/a>. The incentives are limited to cars with parts sourced from the U.S. and its allies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, electric car sales are likely to face a “reality check” this year “given consumer apathy over a lack of fast public chargers and high prices, though China is an exception,” according to a report by Bloomberg Intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales of electric calls in Europe fell for the first time since April 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acea.auto/pc-registrations/new-car-registrations-13-9-in-2023-battery-electric-14-6-market-share/\">according to the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association\u003c/a>. And analysts have warned that German carmakers are falling behind Tesla and Chinese models as global competition intensifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Some automakers, like Ford and Tesla, are reducing production of electric cars as sales have dropped. Can California sustain its record pace and meet the state mandate?",
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"title": "Californians Boost Electric Vehicle Purchases as Industry Eyes Slowdown | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Has California’s transition to electric cars hit some bumps in the road? Even though Californians are buying them in record numbers, several industry setbacks have been reported in recent months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rental car company Hertz is selling \u003ca href=\"https://www.sec.gov/ix?doc=/Archives/edgar/data/47129/000165785324000010/htz-20240111.htm\">about a third of its global electric vehicle fleet\u003c/a>, replacing them with gas-powered vehicles. In January, Ford announced that it was \u003ca href=\"https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2024/01/19/ford-adds-third-crew-to-meet-demand-for-bronco-and-ranger--reduc.html\">reducing production\u003c/a> of its F-150 Lightning electric pickup truck after \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2023/05/california-electric-cars-ford-f150/\">scaling it up last year\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tesla sales in California dropped 10% in the last three months of 2023 when compared to the same quarter a year earlier, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cncda.org/wp-content/uploads/Cal-Covering-4Q-23.pdf#page=6\">data from the California New Car Dealers Association\u003c/a>. And some automakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2023/07/17/business/ford-f150-lightning-electric-vehicle-prices.html\">last year announced production cutbacks\u003c/a> and delays in new electric models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, the California Energy Commission provided another piece of the puzzle: Sales of electric cars in California reached \u003ca href=\"https://www.veloz.org/q4-2023-data-shows-a-29-percent-year-over-year-increase/\">record levels last year\u003c/a>, with 446,961 sold, up 29% from 2022, according to Veloz, a nonprofit that works with the commission to promote electric vehicle growth in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while sales of electric cars are still growing, it’s a slower pace of growth than the previous year: 2022 sales increased 38% from 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the final three months of 2023, Californians purchased 103,127 electric cars, an 8% increase over the same period in 2022. Fourth quarter sales last year were down 14% from the third quarter. But sales typically slow in the fourth quarter, and higher interest rates may have played a role, the commission said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Electric vehicle sales were up 29% in 2023, though they slowed at yearu2019s end\" aria-label=\"Column Chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-mBG1J\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/mBG1J/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"400\" data-external=\"1\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Nigro, founder of Atlas Public Policy, which researches the electric car market, said the transition to electric cars might be slower than some automakers and experts anticipated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Recognize where we are in a once-in-a-century transition — we’re in the very early stages,” Nigro said. “Even though EVs have been around for about 14 years, in this current iteration, they only really started to pick up sales nationally in the last five years or so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s no surprise that the industry is going to have to adjust their expectations,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the increased market share for electric vehicles means California is moving toward hitting its goals: Electric vehicles in California made up 25% of the new car market last year, up from nearly 19% in 2022. The state has \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/08/electric-cars-california-to-phase-out-gas-cars/\">mandated \u003c/a>that 35% of new 2026 cars sold must be zero-emissions, ramping up to 68% in 2030 and 100% in 2035. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Transportation electrification is rapidly unfolding,” David Hochschild, chair of the California Energy Commission, said in a recorded video announcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationally, an estimated 1.2 million electric vehicles were sold in 2023, which is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.coxautoinc.com/market-insights/q4-2023-ev-sales/\">a record, according to Kelley Blue Book\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pace of California’s transition matters because it is far above America’s leader in sales. A rapid transition to electric vehicles is also key to slashing greenhouse gases responsible for climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When originally introduced, Ford’s electric F-150 Lightning was so popular it had a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kbb.com/car-news/ford-closes-reservations-for-f-150-lightning-has-3-year-backlog/\">three-year waiting list\u003c/a>. But in January, the company said it was \u003ca href=\"https://media.ford.com/content/fordmedia/fna/us/en/news/2024/01/19/ford-adds-third-crew-to-meet-demand-for-bronco-and-ranger--reduc.html\">cutting production\u003c/a> at its Rouge Electric Vehicle Center in Dearborn, Michigan, from two shifts to one, with some workers transferred to factories assembling gas-powered cars. Sales of the electric truck were up 55% in 2023, and Ford projected “further growth for 2024” but said it was making the changes to better meet customer demand for its pickups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daniel Sperling, director of the Institute for Transportation Studies at UC Davis, cautioned about reading too much into the slowed-down production of the Ford F-150 Lightning. One interpretation, he said, is that the pickup truck might just simply not be the right product, calling it a “retrofitted vehicle” in which “they just pulled out the drive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, there could be broader financial reasons for the F-150 Lightning slowdown. Sales of all cars slowed last year, and legacy automakers faced cash flow challenges and a strike from the United Auto Workers union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’ve got financial challenges, so if they can come up with an excuse to slow down their investments, they’re going to do it,” Sperling said. “But every one of them is just delaying. Not one of them is canceling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hertz said it was selling its 20,000 electric car fleet earlier this year. In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/01/11/business/hertz-electric-vehicles-tesla.html\">interview with \u003cem>The New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, Hertz Chief Executive Stephen Scherr blamed price cuts by Tesla for lowering the resale value of the cars and added that they were more expensive to repair and more likely to be involved in collisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, sales by Tesla, by far the leader in electric vehicle sales, sold 230,589 cars, up from 185,090 in 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cncda.org/wp-content/uploads/Cal-Covering-4Q-23.pdf#page=6\">according to the California New Car Dealers Association\u003c/a>. But sales dropped in the year’s final three months to 47,592 from 52,782 over the same period the year before. Analysts say various factors, such as lower resale value after Tesla’s sticker prices dropped, may be at play.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the biggest problems facing electric car adoption across the U.S. — and the world — is the need for more seamless charging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lack of adequate public chargers has become a major impediment as customers begin to weigh electric cars as an alternative to gas-powered vehicles. To that end, the Biden administration is pouring some $\u003ca href=\"https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/biden-pours-623-million-into-ev-charging-void\">623 million into charging projects\u003c/a> across the nation, with California getting $168.5 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While California is meeting its goals for new \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/04/21/california-surpasses-1-5-million-zevs-goal-two-years-ahead-of-schedule/\">electric car\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/10/23/california-hit-zev-truck-sales-goal-two-years-ahead-of-schedule/#:~:text=The%20goal%20%E2%80%93%206%25%20of%20new,years%20before%20the%202025%20goal.\">truck\u003c/a> sales, the state is projecting that it will need a much more robust electric charging network to support its ban on new gasoline-powered cars by 2035 and serve all drivers statewide. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/reports/electric-vehicle-charging-infrastructure-assessment-ab-2127\">Energy Commission report\u003c/a> projects that California will need 1.01 million non-private chargers by 2030, and 2.11 million by 2035. It now has only 93,000, \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/data-reports/energy-almanac/zero-emission-vehicle-and-infrastructure-statistics/electric-vehicle\">according to \u003c/a>Energy Commission data. The state has met at least one important charging infrastructure goal, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2023/09/18/charging-ahead-california-achieves-yet-another-ev-goal-ahead-of-schedule-as-more-dollars-go-to-communities-to-support-transition/#:~:text=NEW%20YORK%20%E2%80%93%20Today%2C%20during%20Climate,harmed%20by%20pollution%20and%20the\">installing 10,000-plus fast chargers last September\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its budget issues could also stymie California’s efforts to support electric car sales. Last year, California\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/09/california-electric-car-rebates/\"> eliminated its popular electric car rebate program\u003c/a> to focus on providing subsidies only to lower-income car buyers through the Clean Cars 4 All program, which has strict income limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, Gov. Gavin Newsom has proposed a three-year delay for additional funding for that program, along with other programs to increase lower-income Californians’ access to cars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bill Magavern, policy director of the Clean Air Coalition, said he’s concerned that it could leave low-income communities behind. He thinks the funding delays will likely result in cuts to the program. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’re very disappointed in the governor’s proposal because he literally made a promise that he’s not keeping,” Magavern said. “It’s really a fiction to say, well, we’re maintaining this funding, we’re just delaying it by three years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Changes in federal tax incentives also may impact sales. The Treasury started the\u003ca href=\"https://insideclimatenews.org/news/04012024/inside-clean-energy-short-list-of-evs-that-qualify-for-tax-credit-2024/#:~:text=EV%20shoppers%20woke%20up%20on,Tesla%20Cybertruck%20and%20Volkswagen%20ID.\"> new year off by announcing a relatively short list of cars\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/jy1939\">qualified for a $7,500 subsidy\u003c/a>. The incentives are limited to cars with parts sourced from the U.S. and its allies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, electric car sales are likely to face a “reality check” this year “given consumer apathy over a lack of fast public chargers and high prices, though China is an exception,” according to a report by Bloomberg Intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sales of electric calls in Europe fell for the first time since April 2020, \u003ca href=\"https://www.acea.auto/pc-registrations/new-car-registrations-13-9-in-2023-battery-electric-14-6-market-share/\">according to the European Automobile Manufacturers’ Association\u003c/a>. And analysts have warned that German carmakers are falling behind Tesla and Chinese models as global competition intensifies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Revisits College Degree Requirements for Some Government Jobs",
"headTitle": "California Revisits College Degree Requirements for Some Government Jobs | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Many California government jobs don’t require a college degree. That list may grow longer as agencies face a rise in job vacancies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, California cities, counties and the state government have been changing the job descriptions for thousands of employees — either by removing the requirement for a high school, college or graduate-level degree or by detailing alternative ways that candidates can gain the same skills. Studies show these changes can benefit workers and employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, janitors no longer need a high school degree to work for the state and staff services analysts, who help administer many of the state’s programs, no longer need a bachelor’s degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while state leaders and scholars agree about the need for more of these changes, they disagree about the best or fastest way to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Further action is possible,” wrote Gov. Gavin Newsom last year in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/8.31.23-Career-Education-Executive-Order.pdf\">executive order\u003c/a> about career education. In it, he explicitly asked the California Department of Human Resources to make re-evaluating education requirements a higher priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s order came after at least 15 states had already enacted similar or more aggressive changes to their hiring practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/rebecca-bauer-kahan-1978/\">Rebecca Bauer-Kahan\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Orinda, proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1693\">Assembly Bill 1693\u003c/a>, which would have put California on par with many other states by making education requirements the exception, rather than the norm, for state employees. “There is no reason for California to have an arbitrary barrier to access these good-paying jobs that benefit our state,” she said. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Assemblymember Rebecca Bauer-Kahan\"]‘There is no reason for California to have an arbitrary barrier to access these good-paying jobs that benefit our state.’[/pullquote]But earlier this month, that bill died in the Assembly Appropriations Committee. Another, more limited bill by state Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/rosilicie-ochoa-bogh-1972/\">Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh\u003c/a>, a Republican from Redlands, was introduced on the same day. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB943\">Senate Bill 943\u003c/a> would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB943\">waive bachelor’s degree requirements for certain veterans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2015, the state’s human resources department has changed the requirements for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1752009933191835968?s=20\">nearly 170 kinds of jobs,\u003c/a> which represent about 27,000 people. Bauer-Kahan’s bill would have forced the state to reevaluate the remaining 2,600 other kinds of state jobs over the next year, which represent roughly 200,000 more people, said Camille Travis, a spokesperson for the state’s human resources department. She said the state does not know the number of jobs that currently require a degree because most jobs offer multiple ways for candidates to qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not going to do it overnight,” said Monica Erickson, the department’s chief deputy director. She said that changing the job descriptions can be “extremely complex,” requiring input or approval from other state agencies, the State Personnel Board and unions, if applicable. A legislative committee analysis of the bill said it would cost more than $1 million to hire the human resources staff to process all the job changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Solving a ‘hiring crisis’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Often, degrees are used as a proxy for certain skills, such as communication, teamwork and computer literacy, according to a 2022 \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6197797102be715f55c0e0a1/t/6202bda7f1ceee7b0e9b7e2f/1644346798760/The+Emerging+Degree+Reset+%2822.02%29Final.pdf\">report\u003c/a> by the Burning Glass Institute, a nonprofit research organization. Removing degree requirements widens the pool of potential applicants, making it easier to recruit more diverse talent, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the online job site ZipRecruiter, the benefits are already evident, said Julia Pollak, the company’s chief economist. A 2023 ZipRecruiter \u003ca href=\"https://www.ziprecruiter-research.org/annual-employer-survey/beyond-degrees-rethinking-qualifications-in-the-skills-first-era\">survey\u003c/a> of more than 2,000 employers found that 72% were prioritizing skills over degrees and 45% had gotten rid of degree requirements in some roles in the previous year. [aside label='More on Education' tag='education']Large companies, especially those in the tech sector, have been vocal about the need for skill-based hiring. IBM said it cut bachelor’s degree requirements from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/policy/education-skills/#:~:text=This%20focus%20on,over%20specific%20degrees.\">more than half \u003c/a>of its U.S. job openings in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many companies, these changes accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, when staffing shortages pushed employers to rethink their requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t need any legislation to push the private sector to do it, but you do need legislation to allow the public sector to do it,” Pollak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic, the state’s job vacancy rate was just under 15%. Now it’s at 20%, Erickson said. The growing vacancy rate was the chief concern behind the bill, Bauer-Kahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason for the high vacancy rate is that the number of state employees is growing. Since 2019, the state has added roughly 20,000 positions, an increase of more than 8%, according to Travis, a spokesperson for the state’s human resources department. The same challenges exist in county and city governments, which tend to face even higher vacancy rates, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/civil-service-vacancies-in-california-2022-2023/\">report\u003c/a> by the UC Berkeley Labor Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than three-quarters of jobs in the county of San Diego don’t require a degree, a significant increase since the county started reassessing its jobs in 2022. Riverside County approved a motion to consider alternatives to degrees, although the county was unable to provide data before publication about what changes had been made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As San Francisco faces an \u003ca href=\"https://civilgrandjury.sfgov.org/2022_2023/2023%20CGJ%20Report_Time%20to%20Get%20to%20Work%20-%20San%20Francisco's%20Hiring%20Crisis_062123.pdf\">“unprecedented hiring crisis,”\u003c/a> a spokesperson for the human resources department, Jack Hebb, said the city has changed the requirements for 267 out of 915 job classifications over the past 10 years. Roughly a quarter of those changes happened after the start of the pandemic, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Filling state government jobs in other ways\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Erickson said she believes that changing education requirements can promote equity by removing barriers and can “absolutely” help fill vacancies, but that it’s not a panacea. “People look at pay first,” she said. While the state offers better-than-average pay for many jobs, such as custodial work, other positions, such as police officers, pay below the average wage compared to\u003ca href=\"https://www.calhr.ca.gov/state-hr-professionals/Pages/2021-California-State-Employee-Total-Compensation-Dashboard.aspx\"> other workers across the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Service Employees International Union, SEIU, is concerned that some employers may change education requirements to lower wages, said Sandra Barreiro, a governmental relations advocate for SEIU. While Barreiro didn’t endorse Bauer-Kahan’s bill, the local service workers union representing public sector employees, SEIU Local 1000, did. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sara Hinkley, policy research specialist and professor, UC Berkeley Labor Center\"]‘It may not meaningfully change who applies, and it may not meaningfully change who gets hired, but it’s worth doing if it’s changing the conversation about what these jobs require.’[/pullquote]Sara Hinkley, a professor at UC Berkeley and an author of the report on vacancies, said that changing degree requirements is “one small part” of the solution. “It may not meaningfully change who applies and it may not meaningfully change who gets hired, but it’s worth doing if it’s changing the conversation about what these jobs require,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, a senior researcher at The Burning Glass Institute \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/posts/gad-levanon-3b9b933_hiring-education-collegedegree-activity-7010971318510604289-y65Z?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_ios\">posted\u003c/a> a new finding on LinkedIn regarding the institute’s earlier report. He found that, in reality, employers are hiring more people with college degrees, not fewer, even as they remove education requirements from job posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just changing the language of job postings doesn’t guarantee that you’re going to change who you hire,” said institute president Matt Sigelman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he said the focus should be on analyzing what’s needed and cited IBM, which aggressively removed degree requirements for most positions, later re-introducing those requirements in a few jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many California government jobs don’t require a college degree. That list may grow longer as agencies face a rise in job vacancies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past decade, California cities, counties and the state government have been changing the job descriptions for thousands of employees — either by removing the requirement for a high school, college or graduate-level degree or by detailing alternative ways that candidates can gain the same skills. Studies show these changes can benefit workers and employers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, janitors no longer need a high school degree to work for the state and staff services analysts, who help administer many of the state’s programs, no longer need a bachelor’s degree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while state leaders and scholars agree about the need for more of these changes, they disagree about the best or fastest way to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Further action is possible,” wrote Gov. Gavin Newsom last year in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/8.31.23-Career-Education-Executive-Order.pdf\">executive order\u003c/a> about career education. In it, he explicitly asked the California Department of Human Resources to make re-evaluating education requirements a higher priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor’s order came after at least 15 states had already enacted similar or more aggressive changes to their hiring practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Assemblymember \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/rebecca-bauer-kahan-1978/\">Rebecca Bauer-Kahan\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Orinda, proposed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1693\">Assembly Bill 1693\u003c/a>, which would have put California on par with many other states by making education requirements the exception, rather than the norm, for state employees. “There is no reason for California to have an arbitrary barrier to access these good-paying jobs that benefit our state,” she said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But earlier this month, that bill died in the Assembly Appropriations Committee. Another, more limited bill by state Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/rosilicie-ochoa-bogh-1972/\">Rosilicie Ochoa Bogh\u003c/a>, a Republican from Redlands, was introduced on the same day. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB943\">Senate Bill 943\u003c/a> would \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB943\">waive bachelor’s degree requirements for certain veterans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2015, the state’s human resources department has changed the requirements for \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1752009933191835968?s=20\">nearly 170 kinds of jobs,\u003c/a> which represent about 27,000 people. Bauer-Kahan’s bill would have forced the state to reevaluate the remaining 2,600 other kinds of state jobs over the next year, which represent roughly 200,000 more people, said Camille Travis, a spokesperson for the state’s human resources department. She said the state does not know the number of jobs that currently require a degree because most jobs offer multiple ways for candidates to qualify.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not going to do it overnight,” said Monica Erickson, the department’s chief deputy director. She said that changing the job descriptions can be “extremely complex,” requiring input or approval from other state agencies, the State Personnel Board and unions, if applicable. A legislative committee analysis of the bill said it would cost more than $1 million to hire the human resources staff to process all the job changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Solving a ‘hiring crisis’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Often, degrees are used as a proxy for certain skills, such as communication, teamwork and computer literacy, according to a 2022 \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/6197797102be715f55c0e0a1/t/6202bda7f1ceee7b0e9b7e2f/1644346798760/The+Emerging+Degree+Reset+%2822.02%29Final.pdf\">report\u003c/a> by the Burning Glass Institute, a nonprofit research organization. Removing degree requirements widens the pool of potential applicants, making it easier to recruit more diverse talent, the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the online job site ZipRecruiter, the benefits are already evident, said Julia Pollak, the company’s chief economist. A 2023 ZipRecruiter \u003ca href=\"https://www.ziprecruiter-research.org/annual-employer-survey/beyond-degrees-rethinking-qualifications-in-the-skills-first-era\">survey\u003c/a> of more than 2,000 employers found that 72% were prioritizing skills over degrees and 45% had gotten rid of degree requirements in some roles in the previous year. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Large companies, especially those in the tech sector, have been vocal about the need for skill-based hiring. IBM said it cut bachelor’s degree requirements from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ibm.com/policy/education-skills/#:~:text=This%20focus%20on,over%20specific%20degrees.\">more than half \u003c/a>of its U.S. job openings in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many companies, these changes accelerated during the COVID-19 pandemic, when staffing shortages pushed employers to rethink their requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t need any legislation to push the private sector to do it, but you do need legislation to allow the public sector to do it,” Pollak said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the pandemic, the state’s job vacancy rate was just under 15%. Now it’s at 20%, Erickson said. The growing vacancy rate was the chief concern behind the bill, Bauer-Kahan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason for the high vacancy rate is that the number of state employees is growing. Since 2019, the state has added roughly 20,000 positions, an increase of more than 8%, according to Travis, a spokesperson for the state’s human resources department. The same challenges exist in county and city governments, which tend to face even higher vacancy rates, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/civil-service-vacancies-in-california-2022-2023/\">report\u003c/a> by the UC Berkeley Labor Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than three-quarters of jobs in the county of San Diego don’t require a degree, a significant increase since the county started reassessing its jobs in 2022. Riverside County approved a motion to consider alternatives to degrees, although the county was unable to provide data before publication about what changes had been made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As San Francisco faces an \u003ca href=\"https://civilgrandjury.sfgov.org/2022_2023/2023%20CGJ%20Report_Time%20to%20Get%20to%20Work%20-%20San%20Francisco's%20Hiring%20Crisis_062123.pdf\">“unprecedented hiring crisis,”\u003c/a> a spokesperson for the human resources department, Jack Hebb, said the city has changed the requirements for 267 out of 915 job classifications over the past 10 years. Roughly a quarter of those changes happened after the start of the pandemic, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Filling state government jobs in other ways\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Erickson said she believes that changing education requirements can promote equity by removing barriers and can “absolutely” help fill vacancies, but that it’s not a panacea. “People look at pay first,” she said. While the state offers better-than-average pay for many jobs, such as custodial work, other positions, such as police officers, pay below the average wage compared to\u003ca href=\"https://www.calhr.ca.gov/state-hr-professionals/Pages/2021-California-State-Employee-Total-Compensation-Dashboard.aspx\"> other workers across the state\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Service Employees International Union, SEIU, is concerned that some employers may change education requirements to lower wages, said Sandra Barreiro, a governmental relations advocate for SEIU. While Barreiro didn’t endorse Bauer-Kahan’s bill, the local service workers union representing public sector employees, SEIU Local 1000, did. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sara Hinkley, a professor at UC Berkeley and an author of the report on vacancies, said that changing degree requirements is “one small part” of the solution. “It may not meaningfully change who applies and it may not meaningfully change who gets hired, but it’s worth doing if it’s changing the conversation about what these jobs require,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, a senior researcher at The Burning Glass Institute \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/posts/gad-levanon-3b9b933_hiring-education-collegedegree-activity-7010971318510604289-y65Z?utm_source=share&utm_medium=member_ios\">posted\u003c/a> a new finding on LinkedIn regarding the institute’s earlier report. He found that, in reality, employers are hiring more people with college degrees, not fewer, even as they remove education requirements from job posts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just changing the language of job postings doesn’t guarantee that you’re going to change who you hire,” said institute president Matt Sigelman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, he said the focus should be on analyzing what’s needed and cited IBM, which aggressively removed degree requirements for most positions, later re-introducing those requirements in a few jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Could Outdoor Drinking Revitalize California's Economy?",
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"content": "\u003cp>It may not be long until Californians can order a beer at a bar to go, walk it straight out the door and drink it outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic State Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/scott-wiener-1970/\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a> wants to allow California cities and counties to designate “entertainment zones” where bars and restaurants could serve alcoholic drinks that people can consume on public streets and sidewalks. If \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB969\">Senate Bill 969\u003c/a> is passed, Californians age 21 and over can raise a toast in the glorious outdoors by Jan. 1, 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"State Sen. Scott Wiener\"]‘Getting people back out in the streets is key to the economic recovery of cities across California. By creating Entertainment Zones, we’re giving people a reason to go back to areas where recovery has been slow while creating a vital new revenue stream for bars and restaurants.’[/pullquote]When \u003ca href=\"https://sd11.senate.ca.gov/news/20240126-senator-wiener-introduces-bill-activate-downtown-spaces-boost-local-restaurants-bars\">Wiener announced the measure on Friday\u003c/a>, he said it would help revitalize downtowns where foot traffic has plummeted since the pandemic, including his home of San Francisco. Cities will be able to tailor these zones to their needs, allowing bars and restaurants to sell to-go drinks similar to what vendors do at festivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener, in a statement: “Getting people back out in the streets is key to the economic recovery of cities across California. By creating Entertainment Zones, we’re giving people a reason to go back to areas where recovery has been slow while creating a vital new revenue stream for bars and restaurants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener also cited research from the University of Toronto that tracked cell phone activity to \u003ca href=\"https://downtownrecovery.com/charts/rankings?ac_cid=DM906183&ac_bid=893685226\">determine how well cities have rebounded\u003c/a> since the pandemic. In October, it found that San José had recovered 96% of visitors to its downtown area, surpassing Los Angeles at 83%, San Francisco at 67% and Sacramento at 66%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoping to continue that momentum, the cities of San José and San Francisco are included as sponsors of the bill, with San José Mayor Matt Mahan saying it will “make it easier for local businesses to host block parties, wine walks” and other events “to help drive the vibrant future of our downtown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal is likely to get pushback from neighborhood groups worried about public nuisances and noise, as well as organizations concerned with alcohol-related health impacts and harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Wiener won a similar law limited to only San Francisco. Groups, including the California Alcohol Policy Alliance and California Council on Alcohol Problems, spoke out against the measure, known then as Senate Bill 76. An organization known as Alcohol Justice said the measure would make it easier for underaged people to “obtain alcohol within these entertainment zones” and “throw open the door to a litany of potential harms, liability entanglements, and unwanted and uncontrollable neighborhood disruptions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These organizations did not immediately respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new bill has not been referred to a committee yet, but a spokesperson for Wiener’s office said the Senate committee on governmental organization will likely consider it, similar to how it reviewed the 2023 measure. That hearing is expected to take place in March, when the public will have a chance to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It may not be long until Californians can order a beer at a bar to go, walk it straight out the door and drink it outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic State Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/scott-wiener-1970/\">Scott Wiener\u003c/a> wants to allow California cities and counties to designate “entertainment zones” where bars and restaurants could serve alcoholic drinks that people can consume on public streets and sidewalks. If \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB969\">Senate Bill 969\u003c/a> is passed, Californians age 21 and over can raise a toast in the glorious outdoors by Jan. 1, 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Getting people back out in the streets is key to the economic recovery of cities across California. By creating Entertainment Zones, we’re giving people a reason to go back to areas where recovery has been slow while creating a vital new revenue stream for bars and restaurants.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://sd11.senate.ca.gov/news/20240126-senator-wiener-introduces-bill-activate-downtown-spaces-boost-local-restaurants-bars\">Wiener announced the measure on Friday\u003c/a>, he said it would help revitalize downtowns where foot traffic has plummeted since the pandemic, including his home of San Francisco. Cities will be able to tailor these zones to their needs, allowing bars and restaurants to sell to-go drinks similar to what vendors do at festivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener, in a statement: “Getting people back out in the streets is key to the economic recovery of cities across California. By creating Entertainment Zones, we’re giving people a reason to go back to areas where recovery has been slow while creating a vital new revenue stream for bars and restaurants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wiener also cited research from the University of Toronto that tracked cell phone activity to \u003ca href=\"https://downtownrecovery.com/charts/rankings?ac_cid=DM906183&ac_bid=893685226\">determine how well cities have rebounded\u003c/a> since the pandemic. In October, it found that San José had recovered 96% of visitors to its downtown area, surpassing Los Angeles at 83%, San Francisco at 67% and Sacramento at 66%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hoping to continue that momentum, the cities of San José and San Francisco are included as sponsors of the bill, with San José Mayor Matt Mahan saying it will “make it easier for local businesses to host block parties, wine walks” and other events “to help drive the vibrant future of our downtown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal is likely to get pushback from neighborhood groups worried about public nuisances and noise, as well as organizations concerned with alcohol-related health impacts and harm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, Wiener won a similar law limited to only San Francisco. Groups, including the California Alcohol Policy Alliance and California Council on Alcohol Problems, spoke out against the measure, known then as Senate Bill 76. An organization known as Alcohol Justice said the measure would make it easier for underaged people to “obtain alcohol within these entertainment zones” and “throw open the door to a litany of potential harms, liability entanglements, and unwanted and uncontrollable neighborhood disruptions.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These organizations did not immediately respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new bill has not been referred to a committee yet, but a spokesperson for Wiener’s office said the Senate committee on governmental organization will likely consider it, similar to how it reviewed the 2023 measure. That hearing is expected to take place in March, when the public will have a chance to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Protesters Demand Permanent Cease-Fire, Interrupting VP Harris' Stop in San José",
"headTitle": "Protesters Demand Permanent Cease-Fire, Interrupting VP Harris’ Stop in San José | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Vice President Kamala Harris’ push to rally voters in San José around support for reproductive rights ran headlong into protests Monday, demanding an immediate cease-fire in the Israel-Hamas War in Gaza. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"U.S. Vice President Kamala Harris\"]‘Let me say, in a real democracy, everyone has a right to have their voice heard. The President and I are working on that every single day.’[/pullquote]At times, protest chants of “cease-fire now” broke out during the rally, interrupting Harris’ speech at least four times. Outside, dozens of protesters lined up along King Road and Alum Rock Avenue, waving signs outside Mexican Heritage Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let me say, in a real democracy, everyone has a right to have their voice heard,” Harris told the crowd after protests broke out inside, adding “We all want this conflict to end as soon as possible and the president and I are working on that every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The colliding forces at the Harris rally exposed a key election year challenge for Democrats: many of the younger, progressive voters who the party hopes to win over with a platform of protecting abortion rights are deeply dissatisfied with the Biden administration’s support of Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11974090\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11974090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" alt='Dozens of protesters with signs calling for a \"cease-fire.\"' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seema Badar (center) and others chant ‘cease-fire now’ outside of Mexican Heritage Plaza in San José, where Vice President Kamala Harris is scheduled to speak on Jan. 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Holding signs and banners bearing “Free Palestine” and “End U.S. Aid to Israel,” members from the Council on American-Islamic Relations joined a coalition of multi-faith, multiracial organizations with other supporters to demand a permanent cease-fire in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allie Felker said she was invited to the Harris event for her work advocating for prenatal care to prevent stillbirths.\u003cbr>\n[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Allie Felker, advocate who attended the event\"]‘I can’t come here and advocate for reproductive justice without also standing with Palestine, standing with the women and children of Gaza …’[/pullquote]But less than three minutes into Harris’ on-stage conversation with actress and activist Sophia Bush, Felker stood up and joined in calls for a cease-fire. Felker told KQED she was motivated by the risks to pregnant women caused by the Israeli invasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t come here and advocate for reproductive justice without also standing with Palestine, standing with the women and children of Gaza and saying that the reproductive justice we’re seeking in this country needs to also be equated with what’s happening in Gaza,” Felker told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris’ stop in San José was a part of her nationwide “Fight for Reproductive Freedoms” tour. Democrats are hoping to continue their run of electoral success on the issue of reproductive rights after the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that overturned a constitutional right to an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11974147\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11974147\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A protestor holds up a Palestinian flag in red, black, white and green colors inside an event where the Vice President was speaking in San Jose.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters interrupted Vice President Kamala Harris during an event at Mexican Heritage Plaza in San José to demand a cease-fire in Gaza on Jan. 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 500 people lined up around the plaza for a chance to hear from the vice president. Dozens more were turned away at the door after the theater was filled to capacity. Supporters of the vice president chanted “M-V-P” (Madam Vice President) and “Four more years!” to drown out the pro-cease-fire protests. [aside postID=news_11973881 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240126-GazaLawsuit-13-BL-1020x680.jpg'] “She’s a woman, specifically, who can speak to this,” said Vanessa Grijalva, a board member with the Latina Coalition of Silicon Valley. “We’ve had so many men speak on women’s health and our bodies and things like that, so I think it’s just important for her to come out here … and it’s so important for us people of color to come out and to rock the vote this year and for her doing that in our community, it just highlights the importance of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the court overturned Roe v. Wade, ballot measures to protect abortion rights have passed in states from California to Kansas, and Democrats were able to use the issue to blunt Republican gains in the 2022 midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue has also galvanized the young voters Biden and Harris will need to keep the White House. \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/246206/abortion-trends-age.aspx\">Polling by Gallup shows\u003c/a> that the share of voters under age 30 who identify as “pro-choice” has risen to 64%, while the share of those young voters identifying as “pro-life” has fallen to 29%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Harris warned that state protections in liberal areas of the country might not withstand Republican victories at the ballot box. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Zahra Billoo, executive director, CAIR’s San Francisco Bay Area office\"]‘So long as President Biden and Vice President Harris ignore that call [for a cease-fire] they are complicit in genocide, but they are also demonstrating their disconnect with the electorate.’[/pullquote]“If these folks have their way and they’ve already articulated as part of their agenda, they’ll get a national ban,” she said. “So let’s understand, none of us can afford to sit back and say, ‘Thank God we’re in California.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the ongoing war in Gaza has proven costly to the Biden administration among young voters. A Gallup poll from December found that 50% of Americans under 35 believe the U.S. is giving “too much” support to Israel — compared to 21% who believe the country is lending “too little” support to Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So long as President Biden and Vice President Harris ignore that call [for a cease-fire], they are complicit in genocide, but they are also demonstrating their disconnect with the electorate,” said Zahra Billoo, executive director of CAIR’s San Francisco Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/msolomon\">Molly Solomon\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Vice President Kamala Harris stopped at Mexican Heritage Plaza in San José as a part of her nationwide 'Fight for Reproductive Freedoms' tour. The event is expected to highlight what states like California have done to protect abortion access since the U.S. Supreme Court decision to overturn Roe v. Wade.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At times, protest chants of “cease-fire now” broke out during the rally, interrupting Harris’ speech at least four times. Outside, dozens of protesters lined up along King Road and Alum Rock Avenue, waving signs outside Mexican Heritage Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let me say, in a real democracy, everyone has a right to have their voice heard,” Harris told the crowd after protests broke out inside, adding “We all want this conflict to end as soon as possible and the president and I are working on that every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The colliding forces at the Harris rally exposed a key election year challenge for Democrats: many of the younger, progressive voters who the party hopes to win over with a platform of protecting abortion rights are deeply dissatisfied with the Biden administration’s support of Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11974090\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11974090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" alt='Dozens of protesters with signs calling for a \"cease-fire.\"' width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seema Badar (center) and others chant ‘cease-fire now’ outside of Mexican Heritage Plaza in San José, where Vice President Kamala Harris is scheduled to speak on Jan. 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Holding signs and banners bearing “Free Palestine” and “End U.S. Aid to Israel,” members from the Council on American-Islamic Relations joined a coalition of multi-faith, multiracial organizations with other supporters to demand a permanent cease-fire in Gaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Allie Felker said she was invited to the Harris event for her work advocating for prenatal care to prevent stillbirths.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But less than three minutes into Harris’ on-stage conversation with actress and activist Sophia Bush, Felker stood up and joined in calls for a cease-fire. Felker told KQED she was motivated by the risks to pregnant women caused by the Israeli invasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t come here and advocate for reproductive justice without also standing with Palestine, standing with the women and children of Gaza and saying that the reproductive justice we’re seeking in this country needs to also be equated with what’s happening in Gaza,” Felker told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris’ stop in San José was a part of her nationwide “Fight for Reproductive Freedoms” tour. Democrats are hoping to continue their run of electoral success on the issue of reproductive rights after the 2022 Supreme Court ruling that overturned a constitutional right to an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11974147\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11974147\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A protestor holds up a Palestinian flag in red, black, white and green colors inside an event where the Vice President was speaking in San Jose.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240129-KAMALA-HARRIS-SAN-JOSE-MD-04-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters interrupted Vice President Kamala Harris during an event at Mexican Heritage Plaza in San José to demand a cease-fire in Gaza on Jan. 29, 2024. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>More than 500 people lined up around the plaza for a chance to hear from the vice president. Dozens more were turned away at the door after the theater was filled to capacity. Supporters of the vice president chanted “M-V-P” (Madam Vice President) and “Four more years!” to drown out the pro-cease-fire protests. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> “She’s a woman, specifically, who can speak to this,” said Vanessa Grijalva, a board member with the Latina Coalition of Silicon Valley. “We’ve had so many men speak on women’s health and our bodies and things like that, so I think it’s just important for her to come out here … and it’s so important for us people of color to come out and to rock the vote this year and for her doing that in our community, it just highlights the importance of that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the court overturned Roe v. Wade, ballot measures to protect abortion rights have passed in states from California to Kansas, and Democrats were able to use the issue to blunt Republican gains in the 2022 midterm elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue has also galvanized the young voters Biden and Harris will need to keep the White House. \u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/246206/abortion-trends-age.aspx\">Polling by Gallup shows\u003c/a> that the share of voters under age 30 who identify as “pro-choice” has risen to 64%, while the share of those young voters identifying as “pro-life” has fallen to 29%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, Harris warned that state protections in liberal areas of the country might not withstand Republican victories at the ballot box. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“If these folks have their way and they’ve already articulated as part of their agenda, they’ll get a national ban,” she said. “So let’s understand, none of us can afford to sit back and say, ‘Thank God we’re in California.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the ongoing war in Gaza has proven costly to the Biden administration among young voters. A Gallup poll from December found that 50% of Americans under 35 believe the U.S. is giving “too much” support to Israel — compared to 21% who believe the country is lending “too little” support to Israel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So long as President Biden and Vice President Harris ignore that call [for a cease-fire], they are complicit in genocide, but they are also demonstrating their disconnect with the electorate,” said Zahra Billoo, executive director of CAIR’s San Francisco Bay Area office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/msolomon\">Molly Solomon\u003c/a> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California's Fast-Food Council Will Give Workers a Voice in Industry Regulation. So, What Happens Next?",
"headTitle": "California’s Fast-Food Council Will Give Workers a Voice in Industry Regulation. So, What Happens Next? | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Before California’s fast food workers get a minimum wage hike to $20 an hour in April, the state will grant them another historic avenue to advance their interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A first-in-the-nation fast food council will offer workers and labor advocates a way to set industry working conditions, hammering out rules directly across the table from franchise owners and representatives of restaurant chains such as McDonald’s and Burger King.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council is supposed to start meeting by March 15, and its decisions will be sent to state labor agencies to decide if they’ll become real regulations. Gov. Gavin Newsom will have a hand in how the discussion plays out: He’s responsible for appointing seven of the council’s nine members; legislative leaders will appoint the other two. The positions are unpaid, except for $100 per day for council business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ken Jacobs, co-chairperson, UC Berkeley Labor Center\"]‘It is likely we’ll see a continued push for both more sectoral labor standards … as well as the use of labor standards boards in certain industries, where the structure of the industry makes traditional collective bargaining more difficult.’[/pullquote]The council will be split, 4–4, between business and labor. Newsom will pick the chairperson, who is “unaffiliated” with fast food businesses or workers — and could end up regularly being a tie-breaking vote. The governor’s office is interviewing applicants now, a spokesperson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor advocates see the council as a way to decide workplace standards in an industry with scant union representation and multiple kinds of companies involved — including the franchise owners who employ the workers and the large chains that dictate various aspects of production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the labor movement has also sought industry-wide councils for \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/about-department/boards-and-councils/nursing-home-workforce-standards-board\">nursing home workers in Minnesota\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2023/S1800#:~:text=2023%2DS1800%20(ACTIVE)%20%2D%20Sponsor%20Memo&text=quate%20working%20conditions%20including%20health%20and%20safety%20protections.\">nail salon workers in New York\u003c/a>, borrowing from a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/california-fast-food-bill-tests-labor-laws/\">European bargaining method with employers\u003c/a> uncommon in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the first to convene a council for fast food, \u003ca href=\"https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/fast-recovery-act-will-raise-labor-standards-and-open-new-opportunities-for-fast-food-worker-organizing-in-california/\">a sprawling industry employing\u003c/a> mostly workers of color and women, who\u003ca href=\"https://shift.hks.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/CA_Fast_Food_DRAFT.pdf\"> earn on average less (PDF)\u003c/a> than those in other service sectors.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>More than 500,000 people are employed in more than 30,000 limited-service restaurants in California, according to federal data; the council will govern those that belong to chains with 60 or more locations nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council, said SEIU California president David Huerta last year when Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1228\">the law creating it\u003c/a>, puts “power in the hands of workers to improve conditions across their entire industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a five-year experiment in how to regulate businesses in general across California — by returning to a model from the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most of the 20th century, the state’s now-dormant Industrial Welfare Commission — a similar but more powerful council with labor and business representatives — convened wage boards specific to certain industries. The boards took testimony from workers and employers and wrote work standards in those industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers did away with the commission two decades ago after unions complained it had been seized by business interests to pass regulations that were less protective of workers’ rights. Now, labor laws are almost all passed by the Legislature, which former commissioners from both business and labor say is less responsive to an industry’s specific needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though business groups have pushed back on the idea of industry-specific labor boards, lawmakers have signaled they’re interested. Last year, during negotiations between the fast food industry and labor groups, the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/06/california-fast-food-council/\">briefly resurrected the old commission\u003c/a>, with a focus on industries with high levels of worker poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Barry Broad, former union lobbyist, Agricultural Labor Relations Board member\"]‘When you have something which is industry-specific like this … you’d get a consensus about how the work was organized and what the customs were. There was a common understanding, and it led to compromise.’[/pullquote]“It is likely we’ll see a continued push for both more sectoral labor standards” such as minimum wages specific to the fast food or health care industries, said UC Berkeley Labor Center co-chairperson Ken Jacobs, “as well as the use of labor standards boards in certain industries, where the structure of the industry makes traditional collective bargaining more difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former industrial welfare commissioner Barry Broad, a former lobbyist for unions who now sits on the state’s Agricultural Labor Relations Board, recalls convening wage boards that would discuss specifics such as\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>tipping practices in hospitality jobs, the length of shifts in nursing and how cement mixers almost universally took lunch breaks in the cabs of their trucks. He sees promise in creating such a forum that gets deep into details for fast food work or other sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have something which is industry-specific like this … you’d get a consensus about how the work was organized and what the customs were” across that industry, Broad said in an interview. “There was a common understanding, and it led to compromise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-more-fights-ahead\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">More fights ahead?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But after more than two years of a dizzying political fight between business and labor over whether to even consider specific regulations for fast food, will the new council result in more of the same battles?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broad said it’s possible to reach a consensus, depending on who gets on the council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his former colleague, Bill Dombrowski, a representative of employers on the industrial commission, remembered its meetings as being just as contentious as the business-labor fights of today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We jokingly referred to it as the Industrial Warfare Commission,” Dombrowski said, though he agreed that the process was preferable to business and labor going through the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appointed by then-Democratic Gov. Gray Davis, Dombrowski said he understood the commission would push through labor-friendly policies Davis had backed, such as returning to a rule of paying workers overtime for time beyond eight hours a day. But his role was to “try to make it as business-friendly as you can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fast food industry, however, business groups aren’t happy to be coming to the table, and they’re likely to cite costs to push back on any new proposed regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11974075\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11974075\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters with signs outside a fast food restaurant.\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pizza Hut employees strike to protest ongoing wage theft and abusive scheduling claims in Los Angeles on Jan. 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren Justice for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Restaurant owners are already wary of the upcoming wage hike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, two Pizza Hut franchise operators notified the state they were eliminating delivery services and, in February, will \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-12-27/california-pizza-hut-franchises-to-lay-off-more-than-1-000-delivery-drivers\">lay off\u003c/a> more than 1,100 drivers, mostly in southern California. The cuts will take place two months before the $20 minimum fast-food wage goes into effect. (The statewide minimum wage ticked up to $16 on Jan. 1.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jeff Hanscom, vice president, state & local government relations & public policy, International Franchise Association\"]‘We have said all along that you can’t have a double-digit percentage increase in wages overnight, and not expect there to be repercussions.’[/pullquote]The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2023-12-01-AWRG-Cal-WARN-Notice-to-Officials.pdf\">layoff notices (PDF)\u003c/a> did not mention the new law, but Jeff Hanscom of the International Franchise Association, which backed the deal leading to the fast food council and the wage hike, said restaurant\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>owners across the state are considering whether it’ll prompt them to do the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have said all along that you can’t have a double-digit percentage increase in wages overnight and not expect there to be repercussions,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law creating the council has also drawn the ire of many other restaurant owners, who are just now learning they’ll be included under any new rules — including the wage hike, said Matt Sutton, senior vice president of government affairs and public policy for the California Restaurant Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When business and labor agreed on the scope of the council last year, they included restaurants belonging to a chain of 60 or more locations nationally; a prior version of the law covered those in chains with 100 or more locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people that are caught off guard,” Sutton said, predicting restaurants not covered by the law and other businesses will also be pressured to raise wages. “That is going to have a tremendous shock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-how-will-the-council-work-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How will the council work?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fast food council, having undergone significant changes since SEIU first proposed it in 2021, won’t be as sweeping or as powerful as the old industrial commission, which created new regulations directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11970640,news_11960777,news_11962737\"]After pushing the proposal through the Legislature in 2022 and then being subject to a multimillion-dollar \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2022/12/california-elections-industries-laws/\">industry campaign to repeal it at the ballot box\u003c/a>, labor groups ultimately ended up last fall with a wage hike for workers and a more limited council. The industry, in turn, agreed to withdraw the referendum from the November 2024 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some workplace issues the council can’t touch, including creating any rules requiring employers to give workers more paid time off or requiring businesses to adopt predictable scheduling policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of minimum wages, most rules passed by the council would head to the state’s labor agencies, which could still revise them through the regular rulemaking process before making them law. That was a win for the employers, said Hanscom of the franchise association, which represents both franchise owners and fast food brands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to ensure that the council is simply not a rubber stamp for” labor groups, Hanscom said. “We want to ensure that there’s a counter-voice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meetings will be public and held at least once every six months. With the first meeting scheduled in less than two months, there are few other details public about who will be on the council and what it will discuss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be part of the Department of Industrial Relations, a state labor agency. Newsom will appoint two fast food workers, two franchise owners, two fast food corporate representatives and the neutral member of the public. The two other spots, filled by legislative leaders, are reserved for workers’ advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office did not respond to questions about what he’s looking for in appointees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Jeff Hanscom, vice president, state & local government relations & public policy, International Franchise Association\"]‘We want to ensure that the council is simply not a rubber stamp for. We want to ensure that there’s a counter-voice.’[/pullquote]A former “public member” of the old industrial commission, ex-U.S. Rep. Doug Bosco, said he wasn’t the tie-breaking vote as often as he expected. “It was quite reasonable and quite centered and balanced, and not impervious to the political whims but not beholden to them either,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, when asked how a neutral member should run the fast food council, he chuckled and said: “Don’t take the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council will also include non-voting representatives from the Department of Industrial Relations and the Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No appointees have been announced yet, and business groups have been mum on who they’re pushing for the seats. On the labor side, Maria Maldonado, statewide leader of efforts to organize fast food workers through the Fight for 15 campaign, said she’s interviewed with the Legislature for a workers’ advocate seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have a democratic process where (workers) can raise issues and talk about solutions,” she said. “I hope that we can really convince (businesses) that we need to work together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether on the council or as a future advocate at its meetings, Maldonado said her first goal would be to “protect the workers’ hours” from getting cut in response to the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>wage hikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before California’s fast food workers get a minimum wage hike to $20 an hour in April, the state will grant them another historic avenue to advance their interests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A first-in-the-nation fast food council will offer workers and labor advocates a way to set industry working conditions, hammering out rules directly across the table from franchise owners and representatives of restaurant chains such as McDonald’s and Burger King.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council is supposed to start meeting by March 15, and its decisions will be sent to state labor agencies to decide if they’ll become real regulations. Gov. Gavin Newsom will have a hand in how the discussion plays out: He’s responsible for appointing seven of the council’s nine members; legislative leaders will appoint the other two. The positions are unpaid, except for $100 per day for council business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The council will be split, 4–4, between business and labor. Newsom will pick the chairperson, who is “unaffiliated” with fast food businesses or workers — and could end up regularly being a tie-breaking vote. The governor’s office is interviewing applicants now, a spokesperson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor advocates see the council as a way to decide workplace standards in an industry with scant union representation and multiple kinds of companies involved — including the franchise owners who employ the workers and the large chains that dictate various aspects of production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the labor movement has also sought industry-wide councils for \u003ca href=\"https://www.dli.mn.gov/about-department/boards-and-councils/nursing-home-workforce-standards-board\">nursing home workers in Minnesota\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nysenate.gov/legislation/bills/2023/S1800#:~:text=2023%2DS1800%20(ACTIVE)%20%2D%20Sponsor%20Memo&text=quate%20working%20conditions%20including%20health%20and%20safety%20protections.\">nail salon workers in New York\u003c/a>, borrowing from a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/projects/california-fast-food-bill-tests-labor-laws/\">European bargaining method with employers\u003c/a> uncommon in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the first to convene a council for fast food, \u003ca href=\"https://laborcenter.berkeley.edu/fast-recovery-act-will-raise-labor-standards-and-open-new-opportunities-for-fast-food-worker-organizing-in-california/\">a sprawling industry employing\u003c/a> mostly workers of color and women, who\u003ca href=\"https://shift.hks.harvard.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/CA_Fast_Food_DRAFT.pdf\"> earn on average less (PDF)\u003c/a> than those in other service sectors.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>More than 500,000 people are employed in more than 30,000 limited-service restaurants in California, according to federal data; the council will govern those that belong to chains with 60 or more locations nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council, said SEIU California president David Huerta last year when Newsom signed \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB1228\">the law creating it\u003c/a>, puts “power in the hands of workers to improve conditions across their entire industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a five-year experiment in how to regulate businesses in general across California — by returning to a model from the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most of the 20th century, the state’s now-dormant Industrial Welfare Commission — a similar but more powerful council with labor and business representatives — convened wage boards specific to certain industries. The boards took testimony from workers and employers and wrote work standards in those industries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers did away with the commission two decades ago after unions complained it had been seized by business interests to pass regulations that were less protective of workers’ rights. Now, labor laws are almost all passed by the Legislature, which former commissioners from both business and labor say is less responsive to an industry’s specific needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though business groups have pushed back on the idea of industry-specific labor boards, lawmakers have signaled they’re interested. Last year, during negotiations between the fast food industry and labor groups, the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2023/06/california-fast-food-council/\">briefly resurrected the old commission\u003c/a>, with a focus on industries with high levels of worker poverty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘When you have something which is industry-specific like this … you’d get a consensus about how the work was organized and what the customs were. There was a common understanding, and it led to compromise.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It is likely we’ll see a continued push for both more sectoral labor standards” such as minimum wages specific to the fast food or health care industries, said UC Berkeley Labor Center co-chairperson Ken Jacobs, “as well as the use of labor standards boards in certain industries, where the structure of the industry makes traditional collective bargaining more difficult.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former industrial welfare commissioner Barry Broad, a former lobbyist for unions who now sits on the state’s Agricultural Labor Relations Board, recalls convening wage boards that would discuss specifics such as\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>tipping practices in hospitality jobs, the length of shifts in nursing and how cement mixers almost universally took lunch breaks in the cabs of their trucks. He sees promise in creating such a forum that gets deep into details for fast food work or other sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have something which is industry-specific like this … you’d get a consensus about how the work was organized and what the customs were” across that industry, Broad said in an interview. “There was a common understanding, and it led to compromise.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-more-fights-ahead\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">More fights ahead?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But after more than two years of a dizzying political fight between business and labor over whether to even consider specific regulations for fast food, will the new council result in more of the same battles?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Broad said it’s possible to reach a consensus, depending on who gets on the council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his former colleague, Bill Dombrowski, a representative of employers on the industrial commission, remembered its meetings as being just as contentious as the business-labor fights of today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We jokingly referred to it as the Industrial Warfare Commission,” Dombrowski said, though he agreed that the process was preferable to business and labor going through the Legislature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Appointed by then-Democratic Gov. Gray Davis, Dombrowski said he understood the commission would push through labor-friendly policies Davis had backed, such as returning to a rule of paying workers overtime for time beyond eight hours a day. But his role was to “try to make it as business-friendly as you can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the fast food industry, however, business groups aren’t happy to be coming to the table, and they’re likely to cite costs to push back on any new proposed regulations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11974075\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1568px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11974075\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy.jpg\" alt=\"Protesters with signs outside a fast food restaurant.\" width=\"1568\" height=\"1045\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy.jpg 1568w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/012624_PizzaHutStrike_LJ_CM_0481-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1568px) 100vw, 1568px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pizza Hut employees strike to protest ongoing wage theft and abusive scheduling claims in Los Angeles on Jan. 26, 2024. \u003ccite>(Lauren Justice for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Restaurant owners are already wary of the upcoming wage hike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In December, two Pizza Hut franchise operators notified the state they were eliminating delivery services and, in February, will \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-12-27/california-pizza-hut-franchises-to-lay-off-more-than-1-000-delivery-drivers\">lay off\u003c/a> more than 1,100 drivers, mostly in southern California. The cuts will take place two months before the $20 minimum fast-food wage goes into effect. (The statewide minimum wage ticked up to $16 on Jan. 1.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We have said all along that you can’t have a double-digit percentage increase in wages overnight, and not expect there to be repercussions.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/2023-12-01-AWRG-Cal-WARN-Notice-to-Officials.pdf\">layoff notices (PDF)\u003c/a> did not mention the new law, but Jeff Hanscom of the International Franchise Association, which backed the deal leading to the fast food council and the wage hike, said restaurant\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>owners across the state are considering whether it’ll prompt them to do the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have said all along that you can’t have a double-digit percentage increase in wages overnight and not expect there to be repercussions,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law creating the council has also drawn the ire of many other restaurant owners, who are just now learning they’ll be included under any new rules — including the wage hike, said Matt Sutton, senior vice president of government affairs and public policy for the California Restaurant Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When business and labor agreed on the scope of the council last year, they included restaurants belonging to a chain of 60 or more locations nationally; a prior version of the law covered those in chains with 100 or more locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people that are caught off guard,” Sutton said, predicting restaurants not covered by the law and other businesses will also be pressured to raise wages. “That is going to have a tremendous shock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-how-will-the-council-work-nbsp\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">How will the council work?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The fast food council, having undergone significant changes since SEIU first proposed it in 2021, won’t be as sweeping or as powerful as the old industrial commission, which created new regulations directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>After pushing the proposal through the Legislature in 2022 and then being subject to a multimillion-dollar \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2022/12/california-elections-industries-laws/\">industry campaign to repeal it at the ballot box\u003c/a>, labor groups ultimately ended up last fall with a wage hike for workers and a more limited council. The industry, in turn, agreed to withdraw the referendum from the November 2024 ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some workplace issues the council can’t touch, including creating any rules requiring employers to give workers more paid time off or requiring businesses to adopt predictable scheduling policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of minimum wages, most rules passed by the council would head to the state’s labor agencies, which could still revise them through the regular rulemaking process before making them law. That was a win for the employers, said Hanscom of the franchise association, which represents both franchise owners and fast food brands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to ensure that the council is simply not a rubber stamp for” labor groups, Hanscom said. “We want to ensure that there’s a counter-voice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meetings will be public and held at least once every six months. With the first meeting scheduled in less than two months, there are few other details public about who will be on the council and what it will discuss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will be part of the Department of Industrial Relations, a state labor agency. Newsom will appoint two fast food workers, two franchise owners, two fast food corporate representatives and the neutral member of the public. The two other spots, filled by legislative leaders, are reserved for workers’ advocates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office did not respond to questions about what he’s looking for in appointees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A former “public member” of the old industrial commission, ex-U.S. Rep. Doug Bosco, said he wasn’t the tie-breaking vote as often as he expected. “It was quite reasonable and quite centered and balanced, and not impervious to the political whims but not beholden to them either,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, when asked how a neutral member should run the fast food council, he chuckled and said: “Don’t take the job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The council will also include non-voting representatives from the Department of Industrial Relations and the Governor’s Office of Business and Economic Development.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No appointees have been announced yet, and business groups have been mum on who they’re pushing for the seats. On the labor side, Maria Maldonado, statewide leader of efforts to organize fast food workers through the Fight for 15 campaign, said she’s interviewed with the Legislature for a workers’ advocate seat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re going to have a democratic process where (workers) can raise issues and talk about solutions,” she said. “I hope that we can really convince (businesses) that we need to work together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether on the council or as a future advocate at its meetings, Maldonado said her first goal would be to “protect the workers’ hours” from getting cut in response to the\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>wage hikes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Alarming Study Reveals California's Rapidly Declining Groundwater Basins",
"headTitle": "Alarming Study Reveals California’s Rapidly Declining Groundwater Basins | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>In a sign of the ongoing threats to its precious groundwater stores, half a dozen regions in California rank among the world’s most rapidly declining aquifers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06879-8\">according to research published on Wednesday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, lack of local water drives migration, poverty, starvation and violence — while in California, it drives \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">decades-long regulatory battles\u003c/a> over how to stop over-pumping by growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquifers in Spain, Iran, China and Chile top the list of the 100 most rapidly dropping groundwater levels. \u003ca href=\"https://legal-planet.org/2023/09/18/why-is-there-a-carrot-boycott-in-cuyama-valley/\">California’s Cuyama Valley\u003c/a>, north of Santa Barbara, ranked 34th worldwide. Its underground basin has been dropping almost 5 feet a year, and residents, farmers and even the school district are locked in a court battle with carrot growers who \u003ca href=\"https://legal-planet.org/2023/09/18/why-is-there-a-carrot-boycott-in-cuyama-valley/\">sued them over groundwater rights\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four other basins in the San Joaquin Valley and one in northeastern San Diego also netted spots in the top 100, with water levels falling up to almost four feet a year, according to the study, which was led by University of California and Swiss researchers and published in the journal \u003cem>Nature\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only two other basins in the United States made the top 100: Gila Bend near Phoenix and Mill Creek in Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Scott Jasechko, study co-author and associate professor of hydrology, water resources and groundwater, UC Santa Barbara\"]‘Some of the rates of groundwater level decline occurring in California really are some of the highest in the world. It’s a sobering finding. We’ve got a lot of work to do here in California.’[/pullquote]“Some of the rates of groundwater level decline occurring in California really are some of the highest in the world,” said \u003ca href=\"https://bren.ucsb.edu/people/scott-jasechko\">Scott Jasechko\u003c/a>, a co-author of the study and an associate professor of hydrology, water resources and groundwater at UC Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a sobering finding,” he said. “We’ve got a lot of work to do here in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research revealed that rapidly declining groundwater basins are virtually nonexistent in places without farming. Heavily farmed regions in drier climates, such as the San Joaquin Valley, Iran and parts of India, are especially hard hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plummeting groundwater levels \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">can cause drinking water wells to go dry\u003c/a>. Streams \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/12/klamath-basin-tribes-ranchers-water-salmon/\">can dwindle and disappear,\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/10/san-joaquin-valley-groundwater/\">desiccated earth can sink and collapse\u003c/a> — shrinking the storage capacity of aquifers and damaging roads, buildings, levees and other structures above ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, \u003ca href=\"https://mydrywatersupply.water.ca.gov/report/publicpage\">thousands of wells have gone dry\u003c/a> after \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/02/california-depleted-groundwater-storms/\">years of drought and overpumping\u003c/a> — spreading from the San Joaquin Valley to the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">Sacramento Valley\u003c/a> during the most recent drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Land in parts of the San Joaquin Valley has subsided so much that it has damaged the \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Engineering-And-Construction/Subsidence\">California Aqueduct\u003c/a>, which carries river water to Southern California, forced at least \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/News/News-Releases/2022/Jan-21/Friant-Kern-Canal-Groundbreaking\">$187 million of repairs on the Friant-Kern Canal\u003c/a>, and required \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-05-12/newsom-announces-funding-to-raise-corcoran-levee\">millions more to fortify a levee\u003c/a> around the sinking town of Corcoran to protect it from floodwaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers analyzed more than 170,000 groundwater wells in more than 40 countries\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>and reported “widespread acceleration in groundwater level deepening,” which they said “highlights an urgent need for more effective measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://calmatters-map-groundwater-global.netlify.app/\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study provides a global database that backs up observations that have long worried water watchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The major contribution is to bring into much sharper focus this global problem of groundwater depletion and over-pumping,” said \u003ca href=\"https://lawr.ucdavis.edu/people/faculty/fogg-graham\">Graham Fogg\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus of hydrogeology at UC Davis who was not involved with the research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With groundwater, if it’s left unmanaged and unregulated, it’s going to be abused in many, many cases. And if that abuse goes on long enough, some basins will be exhausted of water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Violence over water is flaring around the globe. Water is a trigger, casualty and weapon in \u003ca href=\"https://pacinst.org/announcement/violence-over-water-increases-globally-according-to-new-data-from-pacific-institute-water-conflict-chronology/\">hundreds of conflicts just over the past two years\u003c/a> — from Russian troops destroying a Ukrainian dam to \u003ca href=\"https://worldwater.org/conflict/list/\">cyberattacks on Israeli water infrastructure\u003c/a> and Israeli military forces seizing or destroying Palestinian water sources. Clashes over water safety and scarcity have led to injuries and deaths around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, water disputes roil the state, from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/12/klamath-basin-tribes-ranchers-water-salmon/\">the Scott and Shasta Rivers in the far north\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/09/california-delta-bay-plan/\">the Bay-Delta\u003c/a> and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Joaquin Valley growers are still over-pumping\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago, alarmed by record declines in groundwater and thousands of dried-up wells, California lawmakers passed a law to stop overpumping. The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a> requires local agencies to achieve sustainable groundwater use by 2040 for the most critically overdrafted basins and 2042 for basins considered less depleted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Graham Fogg, professor emeritus of hydrogeology, UC Davis\"]‘We’ve built a food supply system that relies in large part on irrigated agriculture, which in turn relies in many areas … on pumped groundwater. So that has to change.’[/pullquote]But wells have \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/02/california-depleted-groundwater-storms/\">continued to go dry,\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/california-s-groundwater-semi-annual-conditions-updates/resource/7a9f6a69-0f43-474c-b9a5-b8b6f3e5ed48\">groundwater depletion continues\u003c/a> with few protections in place. So far, California water officials deemed plans for six San Joaquin Valley basins \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/10/san-joaquin-valley-groundwater/\">inadequate and called for probation hearings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the Cuyama Valley, the \u003cem>Nature \u003c/em>paper’s top 100 includes the \u003ca href=\"https://sgma.water.ca.gov/portal/gsa/print/244\">White Wolf Basin in Kern County\u003c/a> (52nd), the \u003ca href=\"https://sgma.water.ca.gov/portal/gsa/print/370\">San Pasqual Valley\u003c/a> in northeastern San Diego (55th), the \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/-/media/DWR-Website/Web-Pages/Programs/Groundwater-Management/Bulletin-118/Files/2003-Basin-Descriptions/5_022_05_ChowchillaSubbasin.pdf\">Chowchilla Basin (PDF)\u003c/a> straddling Merced and Madera counties (65th), the Northern Kern Basin (69th) and \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/-/media/DWR-Website/Web-Pages/Programs/Groundwater-Management/Bulletin-118/Files/2003-Basin-Descriptions/5_022_11_KaweahSubbasin.pdf\">the Kaweah Basin (PDF)\u003c/a> in Kings and Tulare counties (93rd).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jasechko and his colleagues set out to understand how groundwater depletion in California compared to other aquifers globally. It took them six years to scour the literature for water level measurements, download it from databases and request it from water managers around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than 540 aquifers, the researchers had enough data to compare groundwater levels over 40 years. Of those, about a third showed accelerating groundwater declines. Another 21% had increases in the 1980s and 1990s turned to losses over the past 23 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jasechko found some reasons for hope: 20% of aquifers saw groundwater declines slow down in the 21st century. Another 16% pivoted from groundwater decline to recovery, while 13% saw groundwater levels continue to increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Long-term groundwater losses are neither universal nor inevitable,” the researchers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11970957,news_11940344,news_11971872\"]Groundwater depletion in parts of Saudi Arabia slowed, for instance — possibly due to policies \u003ca href=\"https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/10822/1050168/CIRENDTARGETSOccasionalPaper19Kim_VanDerBeek2018.pdf?sequence=5\">aimed at curbing agricultural use\u003c/a>, including \u003ca href=\"https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report/downloadreportbyfilename?filename=Saudi%20Arabian%20Alfalfa%20Hay%20Market%20_Riyadh_Saudi%20Arabia_2-22-2017.pdf\">a phaseout of alfalfa (PDF)\u003c/a> cultivation that \u003ca href=\"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/337173/\">also led to a massive increase in imports from the U.S\u003c/a>. In Bangkok, Thailand, pumping slowed after officials increased fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in the Coachella Valley, groundwater levels \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70209731\">improved after the water district\u003c/a> introduced a new pricing structure, increased recharge and improved access to the Colorado River and recycled water supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But UC Davis’s Fogg said that the research also clarified what he called one of the existential challenges for the nexus between food, energy and water: how reining in groundwater depletion will affect the global food system. About 70% of water worldwide is used for agriculture and irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve built a food supply system that relies in large part on irrigated agriculture, which in turn relies in many areas … on pumped groundwater,” Fogg said. “So that has to change. That change will likely result in effects on the food supply. So it’s a major challenge to see how civilization can deal with that in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a sign of the ongoing threats to its precious groundwater stores, half a dozen regions in California rank among the world’s most rapidly declining aquifers, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-023-06879-8\">according to research published on Wednesday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Globally, lack of local water drives migration, poverty, starvation and violence — while in California, it drives \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">decades-long regulatory battles\u003c/a> over how to stop over-pumping by growers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aquifers in Spain, Iran, China and Chile top the list of the 100 most rapidly dropping groundwater levels. \u003ca href=\"https://legal-planet.org/2023/09/18/why-is-there-a-carrot-boycott-in-cuyama-valley/\">California’s Cuyama Valley\u003c/a>, north of Santa Barbara, ranked 34th worldwide. Its underground basin has been dropping almost 5 feet a year, and residents, farmers and even the school district are locked in a court battle with carrot growers who \u003ca href=\"https://legal-planet.org/2023/09/18/why-is-there-a-carrot-boycott-in-cuyama-valley/\">sued them over groundwater rights\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four other basins in the San Joaquin Valley and one in northeastern San Diego also netted spots in the top 100, with water levels falling up to almost four feet a year, according to the study, which was led by University of California and Swiss researchers and published in the journal \u003cem>Nature\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only two other basins in the United States made the top 100: Gila Bend near Phoenix and Mill Creek in Idaho.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Some of the rates of groundwater level decline occurring in California really are some of the highest in the world. It’s a sobering finding. We’ve got a lot of work to do here in California.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Some of the rates of groundwater level decline occurring in California really are some of the highest in the world,” said \u003ca href=\"https://bren.ucsb.edu/people/scott-jasechko\">Scott Jasechko\u003c/a>, a co-author of the study and an associate professor of hydrology, water resources and groundwater at UC Santa Barbara.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a sobering finding,” he said. “We’ve got a lot of work to do here in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research revealed that rapidly declining groundwater basins are virtually nonexistent in places without farming. Heavily farmed regions in drier climates, such as the San Joaquin Valley, Iran and parts of India, are especially hard hit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plummeting groundwater levels \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">can cause drinking water wells to go dry\u003c/a>. Streams \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/12/klamath-basin-tribes-ranchers-water-salmon/\">can dwindle and disappear,\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/10/san-joaquin-valley-groundwater/\">desiccated earth can sink and collapse\u003c/a> — shrinking the storage capacity of aquifers and damaging roads, buildings, levees and other structures above ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, \u003ca href=\"https://mydrywatersupply.water.ca.gov/report/publicpage\">thousands of wells have gone dry\u003c/a> after \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/02/california-depleted-groundwater-storms/\">years of drought and overpumping\u003c/a> — spreading from the San Joaquin Valley to the \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">Sacramento Valley\u003c/a> during the most recent drought.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Land in parts of the San Joaquin Valley has subsided so much that it has damaged the \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Engineering-And-Construction/Subsidence\">California Aqueduct\u003c/a>, which carries river water to Southern California, forced at least \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/News/News-Releases/2022/Jan-21/Friant-Kern-Canal-Groundbreaking\">$187 million of repairs on the Friant-Kern Canal\u003c/a>, and required \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2023-05-12/newsom-announces-funding-to-raise-corcoran-levee\">millions more to fortify a levee\u003c/a> around the sinking town of Corcoran to protect it from floodwaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers analyzed more than 170,000 groundwater wells in more than 40 countries\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>and reported “widespread acceleration in groundwater level deepening,” which they said “highlights an urgent need for more effective measures.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://calmatters-map-groundwater-global.netlify.app/\" width=\"800\" height=\"1000\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study provides a global database that backs up observations that have long worried water watchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The major contribution is to bring into much sharper focus this global problem of groundwater depletion and over-pumping,” said \u003ca href=\"https://lawr.ucdavis.edu/people/faculty/fogg-graham\">Graham Fogg\u003c/a>, a professor emeritus of hydrogeology at UC Davis who was not involved with the research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“With groundwater, if it’s left unmanaged and unregulated, it’s going to be abused in many, many cases. And if that abuse goes on long enough, some basins will be exhausted of water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Violence over water is flaring around the globe. Water is a trigger, casualty and weapon in \u003ca href=\"https://pacinst.org/announcement/violence-over-water-increases-globally-according-to-new-data-from-pacific-institute-water-conflict-chronology/\">hundreds of conflicts just over the past two years\u003c/a> — from Russian troops destroying a Ukrainian dam to \u003ca href=\"https://worldwater.org/conflict/list/\">cyberattacks on Israeli water infrastructure\u003c/a> and Israeli military forces seizing or destroying Palestinian water sources. Clashes over water safety and scarcity have led to injuries and deaths around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, water disputes roil the state, from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/12/klamath-basin-tribes-ranchers-water-salmon/\">the Scott and Shasta Rivers in the far north\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/09/california-delta-bay-plan/\">the Bay-Delta\u003c/a> and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>San Joaquin Valley growers are still over-pumping\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Ten years ago, alarmed by record declines in groundwater and thousands of dried-up wells, California lawmakers passed a law to stop overpumping. The \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2021/08/california-groundwater-dry/\">Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a> requires local agencies to achieve sustainable groundwater use by 2040 for the most critically overdrafted basins and 2042 for basins considered less depleted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We’ve built a food supply system that relies in large part on irrigated agriculture, which in turn relies in many areas … on pumped groundwater. So that has to change.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But wells have \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/water/2023/02/california-depleted-groundwater-storms/\">continued to go dry,\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://data.cnra.ca.gov/dataset/california-s-groundwater-semi-annual-conditions-updates/resource/7a9f6a69-0f43-474c-b9a5-b8b6f3e5ed48\">groundwater depletion continues\u003c/a> with few protections in place. So far, California water officials deemed plans for six San Joaquin Valley basins \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2023/10/san-joaquin-valley-groundwater/\">inadequate and called for probation hearings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the Cuyama Valley, the \u003cem>Nature \u003c/em>paper’s top 100 includes the \u003ca href=\"https://sgma.water.ca.gov/portal/gsa/print/244\">White Wolf Basin in Kern County\u003c/a> (52nd), the \u003ca href=\"https://sgma.water.ca.gov/portal/gsa/print/370\">San Pasqual Valley\u003c/a> in northeastern San Diego (55th), the \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/-/media/DWR-Website/Web-Pages/Programs/Groundwater-Management/Bulletin-118/Files/2003-Basin-Descriptions/5_022_05_ChowchillaSubbasin.pdf\">Chowchilla Basin (PDF)\u003c/a> straddling Merced and Madera counties (65th), the Northern Kern Basin (69th) and \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/-/media/DWR-Website/Web-Pages/Programs/Groundwater-Management/Bulletin-118/Files/2003-Basin-Descriptions/5_022_11_KaweahSubbasin.pdf\">the Kaweah Basin (PDF)\u003c/a> in Kings and Tulare counties (93rd).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jasechko and his colleagues set out to understand how groundwater depletion in California compared to other aquifers globally. It took them six years to scour the literature for water level measurements, download it from databases and request it from water managers around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than 540 aquifers, the researchers had enough data to compare groundwater levels over 40 years. Of those, about a third showed accelerating groundwater declines. Another 21% had increases in the 1980s and 1990s turned to losses over the past 23 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Jasechko found some reasons for hope: 20% of aquifers saw groundwater declines slow down in the 21st century. Another 16% pivoted from groundwater decline to recovery, while 13% saw groundwater levels continue to increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Long-term groundwater losses are neither universal nor inevitable,” the researchers wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Groundwater depletion in parts of Saudi Arabia slowed, for instance — possibly due to policies \u003ca href=\"https://repository.library.georgetown.edu/bitstream/handle/10822/1050168/CIRENDTARGETSOccasionalPaper19Kim_VanDerBeek2018.pdf?sequence=5\">aimed at curbing agricultural use\u003c/a>, including \u003ca href=\"https://apps.fas.usda.gov/newgainapi/api/report/downloadreportbyfilename?filename=Saudi%20Arabian%20Alfalfa%20Hay%20Market%20_Riyadh_Saudi%20Arabia_2-22-2017.pdf\">a phaseout of alfalfa (PDF)\u003c/a> cultivation that \u003ca href=\"https://ageconsearch.umn.edu/record/337173/\">also led to a massive increase in imports from the U.S\u003c/a>. In Bangkok, Thailand, pumping slowed after officials increased fees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And in the Coachella Valley, groundwater levels \u003ca href=\"https://pubs.usgs.gov/publication/70209731\">improved after the water district\u003c/a> introduced a new pricing structure, increased recharge and improved access to the Colorado River and recycled water supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But UC Davis’s Fogg said that the research also clarified what he called one of the existential challenges for the nexus between food, energy and water: how reining in groundwater depletion will affect the global food system. About 70% of water worldwide is used for agriculture and irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve built a food supply system that relies in large part on irrigated agriculture, which in turn relies in many areas … on pumped groundwater,” Fogg said. “So that has to change. That change will likely result in effects on the food supply. So it’s a major challenge to see how civilization can deal with that in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "why-californias-tech-industry-tax-contributions-are-a-double-edged-sword",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you’re a California resident, you use tax-funded roads, schools and other services, so you’re on the Silicon Valley financial roller coaster whether you know it or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech industry has contributed an increasing amount to the state budget, and even the way tech companies pay their employees has become a growing source of the state’s income tax revenue, a new analysis shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many tech companies pay their employees base wages as well as stock options. Vested stock options — options that have matured and are fully owned by employees who can choose to sell them — are treated like ordinary income for tax purposes. Companies must pay withholding taxes on part of that income to state and federal governments. Last year, those taxes paid by the four largest tech companies in the state — Apple, Google, Meta and Nvidia — grew to at least $5 billion, making up more than 6% of all of the state’s income-tax withholding, the Legislative Analyst’s Office \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/LAOEconTax/Article/Detail/789\">estimated\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s up from 4% to 5% pre-pandemic, has more than doubled since 2016 and quadrupled over the past decade. That increase has come as those companies have grown tremendously in market value — the four of them are now worth more than $7 trillion. Last year, the withholding taxes they paid helped offset the effects of fewer initial public offerings on the state’s revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chas Alamo, the principal fiscal and policy analyst for the office, did the analysis. He said that if he had the resources to do a deeper dive and had tallied the stock-equity withholding from all large tech companies in the state instead of just the biggest four, it might make up as much as 10% of all income-tax withholding. That’s on top of what the tech industry contributes to the state’s income-tax revenue, which makes it even more dependent on tech’s ups and downs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, “withholding has been a stable barometer of how the state’s economy is doing,” Alamo said. “It hasn’t been subject to the volatility of the stock market. But that has changed over the last several years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tax revenue from stock-options withholding at the biggest tech companies has quadrupled in the past decade\" aria-label=\"Column Chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-CZPfV\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/CZPfV/3/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"400\" data-external=\"1\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Californians have a stake in the health of the tech industry because the state relies so heavily on personal income taxes for revenue. In light of a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/01/newsom-budget-california/\">multibillion-dollar budget deficit\u003c/a> and mixed signals around tech — which, on the one hand, continues to lay off employees but, on the other hand, is seeing an artificial intelligence boom that has translated into gains on Wall Street — income-tax withholding from both tech employee wages, as well as the withholding from their stock options, matter more than ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinpointing exactly how much tech-industry employment contributes to the state’s coffers can be tricky because tech companies have many different types of employees, but consider this: Software developers in the state earned about $48.9 billion, based on average annual earnings of about $190,000, according to data from the Employment Development Department as of the first quarter of last year. That total from just one segment of the industry was more than what the state received in total income-tax revenue from all sectors of the labor force through November: $47.2 billion, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sco.ca.gov/2023Nov_personal_income_tax_tracker.html\">State Controller’s tracker\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the rise in stock-equity withholding, it was the result of a great 2023 for the large tech companies whose financial filings Alamo analyzed, especially Meta and Nvidia. Shares in chip company Nvidia, whose graphics processing units dominate the artificial intelligence market, ended last year up about 239% from the previous year. Facebook parent company Meta’s investments in artificial intelligence helped propel its stock 198% higher year over year. Meanwhile, the stocks of Apple and Google ended 2023 up 49% and 59% year over year, respectively. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Ahmad Thomas, chief executive, Silicon Valley Leadership Group\"]‘AI is going to power the next wave of economic growth in the state and nation.’[/pullquote]If artificial intelligence continues to lead to stock-market gains for tech companies, the state will keep reaping the rewards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts and economists are plenty optimistic about artificial intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI is going to power the next wave of economic growth in the state and nation,” said Ahmad Thomas, chief executive of Silicon Valley Leadership Group, a tech policy advocacy group whose hundreds of member companies include some of the biggest names in tech and business. Thomas called the Bay Area the “epicenter” of artificial intelligence because most hot startups in the space are based in San Francisco or elsewhere in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen Levy, a longtime economist and director of the Center for Continuing Study of the California Economy, an independent, private research organization, said that despite more than 260,000 layoffs in the tech industry worldwide last year, \u003ca href=\"https://layoffs.fyi/\">according to one count\u003c/a>, the number of tech jobs is now higher than what it was before the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Center echoes that for Jobs and the Economy, the information arm of the California Business Roundtable, an advocacy organization made up of top executives of the state’s major employers. The center said there were about 1.4 million jobs it considers part of the tech industry as of November 2023, about 76,000 more than the total tech jobs in the state in February 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levy said there is a “rebalancing” that’s going on in tech after all the hiring companies did during the pandemic, but that electric vehicles, cleantech infrastructure and artificial intelligence are “three areas [where he expects] massive amounts of money over the next five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget Gov. Gavin Newsom proposed on Wednesday mentioned expectations for continued slower and more moderate job growth, which his staff also attributed to “reverting to historical trends as the labor market is now in the post-pandemic recovery period.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past couple of years, fewer initial public offerings for companies in California — 195 in 2021 vs. 30 in 2023, according to \u003ca href=\"https://pitchbook.com/news/reports/q3-2023-pitchbook-nvca-venture-monitor\">data from PitchBook\u003c/a>, which keeps track of capital markets — have meant fewer newly minted multimillionaire tech employees and less state revenue from income-tax withholding and capital gains, which is the profit investors make when they sell stock. [aside label='More on Big Tech' tag='tech']PitchBook’s 2024 venture capital outlook, though, said that if inflation continues to ease and the Federal Reserve does not raise interest rates, IPOs could make a comeback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Alamo, of the Legislative Analyst’s Office, cautioned that just as companies’ stock-price surges can result in a bump in revenue from withholding, “the same could happen on the opposite side.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one reason the Center for Jobs and the Economy has warned against the state’s heavy dependence on one region and has said the state needs to regulate — and spend — less. The tech-heavy Bay Area contributes more than 40% of personal income-tax revenue to the state, according to U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis figures cited by the group. And, as Newsom’s budget also pointed out this week, the top 1% earners in the state, most of whose income comes from stock-based compensation and capital gains, contributed half of all personal income taxes to the state in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is it really disguises the true economy of California,” said Brooke Armour, president of the California Center for Jobs and the Economy. “When you have one small part of the economy that carries the state, that papers over the affordability crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you’re a California resident, you use tax-funded roads, schools and other services, so you’re on the Silicon Valley financial roller coaster whether you know it or not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tech industry has contributed an increasing amount to the state budget, and even the way tech companies pay their employees has become a growing source of the state’s income tax revenue, a new analysis shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many tech companies pay their employees base wages as well as stock options. Vested stock options — options that have matured and are fully owned by employees who can choose to sell them — are treated like ordinary income for tax purposes. Companies must pay withholding taxes on part of that income to state and federal governments. Last year, those taxes paid by the four largest tech companies in the state — Apple, Google, Meta and Nvidia — grew to at least $5 billion, making up more than 6% of all of the state’s income-tax withholding, the Legislative Analyst’s Office \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/LAOEconTax/Article/Detail/789\">estimated\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s up from 4% to 5% pre-pandemic, has more than doubled since 2016 and quadrupled over the past decade. That increase has come as those companies have grown tremendously in market value — the four of them are now worth more than $7 trillion. Last year, the withholding taxes they paid helped offset the effects of fewer initial public offerings on the state’s revenue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chas Alamo, the principal fiscal and policy analyst for the office, did the analysis. He said that if he had the resources to do a deeper dive and had tallied the stock-equity withholding from all large tech companies in the state instead of just the biggest four, it might make up as much as 10% of all income-tax withholding. That’s on top of what the tech industry contributes to the state’s income-tax revenue, which makes it even more dependent on tech’s ups and downs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, “withholding has been a stable barometer of how the state’s economy is doing,” Alamo said. “It hasn’t been subject to the volatility of the stock market. But that has changed over the last several years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"Tax revenue from stock-options withholding at the biggest tech companies has quadrupled in the past decade\" aria-label=\"Column Chart\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-CZPfV\" src=\"https://datawrapper.dwcdn.net/CZPfV/3/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"width: 0; min-width: 100% !important; border: none;\" height=\"400\" data-external=\"1\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Californians have a stake in the health of the tech industry because the state relies so heavily on personal income taxes for revenue. In light of a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/01/newsom-budget-california/\">multibillion-dollar budget deficit\u003c/a> and mixed signals around tech — which, on the one hand, continues to lay off employees but, on the other hand, is seeing an artificial intelligence boom that has translated into gains on Wall Street — income-tax withholding from both tech employee wages, as well as the withholding from their stock options, matter more than ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pinpointing exactly how much tech-industry employment contributes to the state’s coffers can be tricky because tech companies have many different types of employees, but consider this: Software developers in the state earned about $48.9 billion, based on average annual earnings of about $190,000, according to data from the Employment Development Department as of the first quarter of last year. That total from just one segment of the industry was more than what the state received in total income-tax revenue from all sectors of the labor force through November: $47.2 billion, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sco.ca.gov/2023Nov_personal_income_tax_tracker.html\">State Controller’s tracker\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the rise in stock-equity withholding, it was the result of a great 2023 for the large tech companies whose financial filings Alamo analyzed, especially Meta and Nvidia. Shares in chip company Nvidia, whose graphics processing units dominate the artificial intelligence market, ended last year up about 239% from the previous year. Facebook parent company Meta’s investments in artificial intelligence helped propel its stock 198% higher year over year. Meanwhile, the stocks of Apple and Google ended 2023 up 49% and 59% year over year, respectively. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If artificial intelligence continues to lead to stock-market gains for tech companies, the state will keep reaping the rewards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some experts and economists are plenty optimistic about artificial intelligence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI is going to power the next wave of economic growth in the state and nation,” said Ahmad Thomas, chief executive of Silicon Valley Leadership Group, a tech policy advocacy group whose hundreds of member companies include some of the biggest names in tech and business. Thomas called the Bay Area the “epicenter” of artificial intelligence because most hot startups in the space are based in San Francisco or elsewhere in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stephen Levy, a longtime economist and director of the Center for Continuing Study of the California Economy, an independent, private research organization, said that despite more than 260,000 layoffs in the tech industry worldwide last year, \u003ca href=\"https://layoffs.fyi/\">according to one count\u003c/a>, the number of tech jobs is now higher than what it was before the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Center echoes that for Jobs and the Economy, the information arm of the California Business Roundtable, an advocacy organization made up of top executives of the state’s major employers. The center said there were about 1.4 million jobs it considers part of the tech industry as of November 2023, about 76,000 more than the total tech jobs in the state in February 2020.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levy said there is a “rebalancing” that’s going on in tech after all the hiring companies did during the pandemic, but that electric vehicles, cleantech infrastructure and artificial intelligence are “three areas [where he expects] massive amounts of money over the next five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The budget Gov. Gavin Newsom proposed on Wednesday mentioned expectations for continued slower and more moderate job growth, which his staff also attributed to “reverting to historical trends as the labor market is now in the post-pandemic recovery period.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the past couple of years, fewer initial public offerings for companies in California — 195 in 2021 vs. 30 in 2023, according to \u003ca href=\"https://pitchbook.com/news/reports/q3-2023-pitchbook-nvca-venture-monitor\">data from PitchBook\u003c/a>, which keeps track of capital markets — have meant fewer newly minted multimillionaire tech employees and less state revenue from income-tax withholding and capital gains, which is the profit investors make when they sell stock. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>PitchBook’s 2024 venture capital outlook, though, said that if inflation continues to ease and the Federal Reserve does not raise interest rates, IPOs could make a comeback.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet Alamo, of the Legislative Analyst’s Office, cautioned that just as companies’ stock-price surges can result in a bump in revenue from withholding, “the same could happen on the opposite side.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s one reason the Center for Jobs and the Economy has warned against the state’s heavy dependence on one region and has said the state needs to regulate — and spend — less. The tech-heavy Bay Area contributes more than 40% of personal income-tax revenue to the state, according to U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis figures cited by the group. And, as Newsom’s budget also pointed out this week, the top 1% earners in the state, most of whose income comes from stock-based compensation and capital gains, contributed half of all personal income taxes to the state in 2021.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem is it really disguises the true economy of California,” said Brooke Armour, president of the California Center for Jobs and the Economy. “When you have one small part of the economy that carries the state, that papers over the affordability crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For most K-12 student groups in California, test scores have been maddeningly flat since the pandemic. But for Black students, stagnant scores have been particularly frustrating: Black students’ math and English language arts scores inched downward for most grade levels last year, notching some of the lowest scores among any student group. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Jessica Goode, principal, Emery High School\"]‘I saw those scores, and I was elated. All the work we’ve done has paid off.’[/pullquote]At least one district, however, has reversed that trend. Emery Unified, a small district tucked between Berkeley and Oakland in the East Bay Area, saw its Black students — who make up 45% of the student population, one of the highest rates in the state — show dramatic gains from 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Math scores nearly doubled over last year, and English language arts scores far surpassed pre-pandemic results. Chronic absenteeism dropped 8.4 percentage points, far more than the state average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I saw those scores, and I was elated,” said Jessica Goode, principal of Emery High School. “All the work we’ve done has paid off. It’s been a challenge — there’s no road map because almost no one’s ever done this successfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/16242946/embed?auto=1\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emery Unified’s scores are still far below average, but they’re trending upward when statewide scores are unchanged or slipping backward. The number of Black students meeting or exceeding the state English language arts standards jumped more than 12 percentage points last year, from 24% to 37%, and the math scores climbed from 9% to 15%. Statewide, Emery’s Black students outperformed their peers by a wide margin in English and crept close to the state average for Black students in math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the scores are relatively low, the turnaround is worth celebrating, said Tyrone Howard, an education professor at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see these pockets of hope, these glimmers of possibility, and think, how can we replicate this?” Howard said. “Emery Unified is on my radar, and it’s important to find out what’s happening there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black students have long trailed other groups academically, Howard said, because they tend to attend schools with less experienced teachers and are more likely to be homeless, in foster care or living in poverty — all factors that can hinder a student’s ability to focus in class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard said racism plays a role, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Low expectations and a lack of resources for Black students plays just as much a factor as anything else,” Howard said. [aside label='More Stories on Education’ Rights' tag='education']For years, some advocates said California’s method of funding schools left many Black students \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2023/01/school-funding-equity/\">without the additional resources they need\u003c/a>. Through the Local Control Funding Formula, the state gives extra money to districts based on student poverty levels and other criteria, not specifically on students’ race or ethnicity or the needs at individual schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address this, Gov. Gavin Newsom added a provision to the formula known as the equity multiplier last year, which distributes more money to districts based on student turnover and high rates of low-income students at specific school sites. According to Catalyst California, an education advocacy group, the change doubles the percentage of Black students receiving extra funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black teachers also play a big role in Black students’ success, research has shown. Emery Unified has long prioritized hiring Black teachers, far outpacing the state average. More than 30% of Emery Unified’s teachers are Black, compared to just 3.9% statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a 2018 National Bureau of Economic Research study, Black students who had at least one Black teacher in the early grades were 13% \u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w25254\">more likely to graduate and 19% more likely to go to college\u003c/a> than their Black classmates who didn’t have a Black teacher. Black teachers also tend to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2017/may/teacher-racial-bias-matters-more-for-students-of-color-.html\">higher expectations\u003c/a> for their Black students and are less likely to view them as \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24244852-13485_paper_sdzyzefs\">disruptive or inattentive\u003c/a>, studies show.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Emery Unified boosted test scores\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Efforts to turn things around at Emery High began long before the pandemic. Goode and her staff started meeting regularly to look closely at student performance data and curriculum, giving extra attention to struggling students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school also shifted to a “grading for equity” system, which focuses more on assessing students’ knowledge at the end of the grading period rather than their classroom behavior or whether they turned homework in on time. The new system helped motivate students and gave teachers a better idea of how students were progressing, Goode said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another tactic that’s helped is paying teachers extra money to stay after school and tutor students. The school also started taking students on college tours around California, bolstering its skilled trades program and expanding its mental health resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hated school so much when I was a teenager,” Goode said. “That’s always been my goal here: I don’t want these students to hate school. I want them to have options, both in school and after they graduate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jesus Herrera, a math teacher at Emery High, credited the surge in math scores to his close collaboration with the school’s other math teacher. The two started meeting daily to align their lesson plans and set consistent, higher standards, ensuring smooth transitions from algebra to geometry and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing the improvements has been gratifying, Herrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like teaching, and this shows we’re doing a good job,” Herrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11971494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11971494\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02.jpg\" alt=\"A teenager with a baseball hat stands in front of a classroom.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jordan King, a high school junior, at Emery High School in Emery on Dec. 13, 2023. King is currently taking a couple of Advanced Placement courses and says that the challenge for himself and his classmates is keeping up with the fast-paced lesson plans. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jordan King, a junior at Emery High who is Black, said he appreciates the small, close-knit campus culture and that most of his teachers are Black or Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so many people of color in leadership roles. They understand what students go through, the struggles,” King said. “They’re not biased when they teach history, for example. And they’re nice people in general.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King, on the school’s debate and track teams, hopes to go to college after he graduates. As the student representative on the school board, he’s considering pursuing politics, law or history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He credits his teachers with inspiring him to excel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I definitely push myself more than I used to. I go to tutoring all the time, missing track or debate if I have to,” King said. “I want to make my family proud, let them know they raised a scholar, a good kid who’s going to achieve things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A focus on writing skills\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the elementary school, principal Samantha Burke credits three initiatives for the turnaround in test scores and chronic absenteeism. The first is a focus on writing skills, starting before students can even read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In kindergarten, students “write” stories by drawing pictures, gradually adding words and short sentences to develop story-telling skills. In older grades, students practice a variety of writing styles, such as opinion pieces, fictional narratives and expository pieces, with increasing complexity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, an assignment for third-, fourth- or fifth-graders might be to write a multi-paragraph story about a celebration, followed by instructions to add plot twists, suspense and a surprise ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke and her staff came up with the idea because they noticed that during remote learning, students were reading a bit but doing very little writing. After all, teachers weren’t able to offer individual guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that focusing on writing has helped students with reading, too,” Burke said. “They learn spelling, vocabulary, grammar, patterns. It’s had so many benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elementary English language arts scores jumped 5 percentage points, from 33% meeting or exceeding the standard in 2022 to 38% last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11971495\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11971495\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03.jpg\" alt=\"Two young people study in a classroom.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">High school students collaborate on a math problem for finals week at Emery High School in Emery on Dec. 13, 2023. Emery Unified School District is one of the bright spots from the recent statewide Smarter Balanced K-12 test results. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another change focused on accountability. Teachers started showing students their standardized test scores, and Burke met with each student individually to discuss the results and set goals. Students who scored at or above grade level standards were honored with awards and celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was highly time-consuming, but it created higher expectations. Students understand they need to do the best you can,” Burke said. “You could see a shift. Students started taking school more seriously.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Samantha Burke, TK-5 principal, Emery Unified\"]‘You could see a shift. Students started taking school more seriously.’[/pullquote]The third initiative focused on attendance. The school hired an attendance clerk to follow up with families who struggled to get their kids to school. School officials also planned regular events “to make school more fun,” such as pool parties, ice cream days, dance and capoeira martial arts classes and family nights with bingo and movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chronic absenteeism was still high last year — 33% — but declined more than 8 percentage points from the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw our scores, there was a sense of relief,” Burke said. “These practices we’re building, they’re not for naught. We’re on the right track. Now, we have to continue moving the needle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At least one district, however, has reversed that trend. Emery Unified, a small district tucked between Berkeley and Oakland in the East Bay Area, saw its Black students — who make up 45% of the student population, one of the highest rates in the state — show dramatic gains from 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Math scores nearly doubled over last year, and English language arts scores far surpassed pre-pandemic results. Chronic absenteeism dropped 8.4 percentage points, far more than the state average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I saw those scores, and I was elated,” said Jessica Goode, principal of Emery High School. “All the work we’ve done has paid off. It’s been a challenge — there’s no road map because almost no one’s ever done this successfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://flo.uri.sh/visualisation/16242946/embed?auto=1\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emery Unified’s scores are still far below average, but they’re trending upward when statewide scores are unchanged or slipping backward. The number of Black students meeting or exceeding the state English language arts standards jumped more than 12 percentage points last year, from 24% to 37%, and the math scores climbed from 9% to 15%. Statewide, Emery’s Black students outperformed their peers by a wide margin in English and crept close to the state average for Black students in math.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though the scores are relatively low, the turnaround is worth celebrating, said Tyrone Howard, an education professor at UCLA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see these pockets of hope, these glimmers of possibility, and think, how can we replicate this?” Howard said. “Emery Unified is on my radar, and it’s important to find out what’s happening there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black students have long trailed other groups academically, Howard said, because they tend to attend schools with less experienced teachers and are more likely to be homeless, in foster care or living in poverty — all factors that can hinder a student’s ability to focus in class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Howard said racism plays a role, as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Low expectations and a lack of resources for Black students plays just as much a factor as anything else,” Howard said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For years, some advocates said California’s method of funding schools left many Black students \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/education/k-12-education/2023/01/school-funding-equity/\">without the additional resources they need\u003c/a>. Through the Local Control Funding Formula, the state gives extra money to districts based on student poverty levels and other criteria, not specifically on students’ race or ethnicity or the needs at individual schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To address this, Gov. Gavin Newsom added a provision to the formula known as the equity multiplier last year, which distributes more money to districts based on student turnover and high rates of low-income students at specific school sites. According to Catalyst California, an education advocacy group, the change doubles the percentage of Black students receiving extra funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black teachers also play a big role in Black students’ success, research has shown. Emery Unified has long prioritized hiring Black teachers, far outpacing the state average. More than 30% of Emery Unified’s teachers are Black, compared to just 3.9% statewide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a 2018 National Bureau of Economic Research study, Black students who had at least one Black teacher in the early grades were 13% \u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w25254\">more likely to graduate and 19% more likely to go to college\u003c/a> than their Black classmates who didn’t have a Black teacher. Black teachers also tend to have \u003ca href=\"https://www.nyu.edu/about/news-publications/news/2017/may/teacher-racial-bias-matters-more-for-students-of-color-.html\">higher expectations\u003c/a> for their Black students and are less likely to view them as \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24244852-13485_paper_sdzyzefs\">disruptive or inattentive\u003c/a>, studies show.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How Emery Unified boosted test scores\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Efforts to turn things around at Emery High began long before the pandemic. Goode and her staff started meeting regularly to look closely at student performance data and curriculum, giving extra attention to struggling students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school also shifted to a “grading for equity” system, which focuses more on assessing students’ knowledge at the end of the grading period rather than their classroom behavior or whether they turned homework in on time. The new system helped motivate students and gave teachers a better idea of how students were progressing, Goode said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another tactic that’s helped is paying teachers extra money to stay after school and tutor students. The school also started taking students on college tours around California, bolstering its skilled trades program and expanding its mental health resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hated school so much when I was a teenager,” Goode said. “That’s always been my goal here: I don’t want these students to hate school. I want them to have options, both in school and after they graduate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jesus Herrera, a math teacher at Emery High, credited the surge in math scores to his close collaboration with the school’s other math teacher. The two started meeting daily to align their lesson plans and set consistent, higher standards, ensuring smooth transitions from algebra to geometry and beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing the improvements has been gratifying, Herrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I like teaching, and this shows we’re doing a good job,” Herrera said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11971494\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11971494\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02.jpg\" alt=\"A teenager with a baseball hat stands in front of a classroom.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jordan King, a high school junior, at Emery High School in Emery on Dec. 13, 2023. King is currently taking a couple of Advanced Placement courses and says that the challenge for himself and his classmates is keeping up with the fast-paced lesson plans. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jordan King, a junior at Emery High who is Black, said he appreciates the small, close-knit campus culture and that most of his teachers are Black or Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so many people of color in leadership roles. They understand what students go through, the struggles,” King said. “They’re not biased when they teach history, for example. And they’re nice people in general.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King, on the school’s debate and track teams, hopes to go to college after he graduates. As the student representative on the school board, he’s considering pursuing politics, law or history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He credits his teachers with inspiring him to excel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I definitely push myself more than I used to. I go to tutoring all the time, missing track or debate if I have to,” King said. “I want to make my family proud, let them know they raised a scholar, a good kid who’s going to achieve things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A focus on writing skills\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At the elementary school, principal Samantha Burke credits three initiatives for the turnaround in test scores and chronic absenteeism. The first is a focus on writing skills, starting before students can even read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In kindergarten, students “write” stories by drawing pictures, gradually adding words and short sentences to develop story-telling skills. In older grades, students practice a variety of writing styles, such as opinion pieces, fictional narratives and expository pieces, with increasing complexity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, an assignment for third-, fourth- or fifth-graders might be to write a multi-paragraph story about a celebration, followed by instructions to add plot twists, suspense and a surprise ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Burke and her staff came up with the idea because they noticed that during remote learning, students were reading a bit but doing very little writing. After all, teachers weren’t able to offer individual guidance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We found that focusing on writing has helped students with reading, too,” Burke said. “They learn spelling, vocabulary, grammar, patterns. It’s had so many benefits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elementary English language arts scores jumped 5 percentage points, from 33% meeting or exceeding the standard in 2022 to 38% last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11971495\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11971495\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03.jpg\" alt=\"Two young people study in a classroom.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/CMStudents03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">High school students collaborate on a math problem for finals week at Emery High School in Emery on Dec. 13, 2023. Emery Unified School District is one of the bright spots from the recent statewide Smarter Balanced K-12 test results. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another change focused on accountability. Teachers started showing students their standardized test scores, and Burke met with each student individually to discuss the results and set goals. Students who scored at or above grade level standards were honored with awards and celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was highly time-consuming, but it created higher expectations. Students understand they need to do the best you can,” Burke said. “You could see a shift. Students started taking school more seriously.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The third initiative focused on attendance. The school hired an attendance clerk to follow up with families who struggled to get their kids to school. School officials also planned regular events “to make school more fun,” such as pool parties, ice cream days, dance and capoeira martial arts classes and family nights with bingo and movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chronic absenteeism was still high last year — 33% — but declined more than 8 percentage points from the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I saw our scores, there was a sense of relief,” Burke said. “These practices we’re building, they’re not for naught. We’re on the right track. Now, we have to continue moving the needle.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>To bring more attention and resources to missing Black youth, a new law that establishes “Ebony Alerts” takes effect on Jan. 1. The California Highway Patrol has the authority to activate this new emergency alert system, which notifies the public of missing Black youth and women ages 12 to 25.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sen. Steven Bradford (D-Gardena)\"]‘This is heartbreaking and painful for so many families and a public crisis for our entire state. The Ebony Alert can change this.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB673\">first-in-the-nation law\u003c/a> works similarly to other emergency alerts for specific individuals, including Feather Alerts for missing indigenous people and Silver Alerts for senior citizens. When activated, the highway patrol can disseminate information about the victim and urge the public to be on the lookout through electronic highway signs. Broadcast outlets, including radio and television stations, as well as social media networks, are also “encouraged to, but not required to” circulate Ebony Alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement can consider other factors in addition to the victim’s age when issuing an Ebony Alert. This includes if the person has a mental or physical disability, if the person may be a victim of human trafficking, and if the person “has gone missing under unexplained or suspicious circumstances.”[aside postID=news_11934183,news_11965919]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ebony Alert system is based on the Amber Alert System or America’s Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response. It’s named for \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-upgrades-amber-alert-website-adds-resources-tribes\">Amber Hagerman\u003c/a>, a 9-year-old girl who was kidnapped and murdered in Arlington, Texas, in 1996. The alert system did not reach full nationwide adoption until 2005 \u003ca href=\"https://amberalert.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh201/files/media/document/amberalerttimeline-508c_0.pdf\">when Hawaii joined\u003c/a>. Since then, technological advancements, such as integration with \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/google-org/amber-alerts-for-missing-children-now/\">Google\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2015/01/introducing-amber-alerts-on-facebook/\">Facebook\u003c/a> platforms, have expanded the reach of Amber alerts. As of Sept. 30, 2023, the alert system has assisted \u003ca href=\"https://amberalert.ojp.gov/statistics\">in recovering 1,146 missing children\u003c/a> in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, the National Crime Information Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/2022-ncic-missing-person-and-unidentified-person-statistics.pdf/view\">reported more than 140,000 Black children\u003c/a> aged 17 and younger went missing for at least some period, including more than 77,000 girls. This accounted for about 39% of missing children in the U.S. that year, despite the fact that the Black or African American population makes up only 12.4% of all people living in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackandmissinginc.com/statistics/\">Black and Missing Foundation\u003c/a> also reports that missing minority children are often initially classified as “runaways,” — which prevents them from being eligible for an Amber Alert — and minority adults who go missing are often associated with “criminal involvement,” including gangs and drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to these statistics, Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/steven-bradford-1960/\">Steven Bradford\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Gardena, authored the bill to establish Ebony Alerts. Describing the law as “bold and needed action,” Bradford said \u003ca href=\"https://sd35.senate.ca.gov/news/2023-10-09-governor-signs-senator-bradford%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%9Cebony-alert%E2%80%9D-legislation-help-bring-home-missing\">in a press statement\u003c/a> how Black children and young women are “disproportionately represented” on missing persons lists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is heartbreaking and painful for so many families and a public crisis for our entire state,” he said. “The Ebony Alert can change this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed with no votes in opposition, and Gov. Gavin Newsom signed the law in October. However, the highway patrol did flag concerns about the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB673\">public becoming “desensitized” to emergency alerts\u003c/a> if they are more frequently activated.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ebony Alert system is based on the Amber Alert System or America’s Missing: Broadcast Emergency Response. It’s named for \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-upgrades-amber-alert-website-adds-resources-tribes\">Amber Hagerman\u003c/a>, a 9-year-old girl who was kidnapped and murdered in Arlington, Texas, in 1996. The alert system did not reach full nationwide adoption until 2005 \u003ca href=\"https://amberalert.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh201/files/media/document/amberalerttimeline-508c_0.pdf\">when Hawaii joined\u003c/a>. Since then, technological advancements, such as integration with \u003ca href=\"https://blog.google/outreach-initiatives/google-org/amber-alerts-for-missing-children-now/\">Google\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://about.fb.com/news/2015/01/introducing-amber-alerts-on-facebook/\">Facebook\u003c/a> platforms, have expanded the reach of Amber alerts. As of Sept. 30, 2023, the alert system has assisted \u003ca href=\"https://amberalert.ojp.gov/statistics\">in recovering 1,146 missing children\u003c/a> in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, the National Crime Information Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.fbi.gov/file-repository/2022-ncic-missing-person-and-unidentified-person-statistics.pdf/view\">reported more than 140,000 Black children\u003c/a> aged 17 and younger went missing for at least some period, including more than 77,000 girls. This accounted for about 39% of missing children in the U.S. that year, despite the fact that the Black or African American population makes up only 12.4% of all people living in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.blackandmissinginc.com/statistics/\">Black and Missing Foundation\u003c/a> also reports that missing minority children are often initially classified as “runaways,” — which prevents them from being eligible for an Amber Alert — and minority adults who go missing are often associated with “criminal involvement,” including gangs and drugs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to these statistics, Sen. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/legislator-tracker/steven-bradford-1960/\">Steven Bradford\u003c/a>, a Democrat from Gardena, authored the bill to establish Ebony Alerts. Describing the law as “bold and needed action,” Bradford said \u003ca href=\"https://sd35.senate.ca.gov/news/2023-10-09-governor-signs-senator-bradford%E2%80%99s-%E2%80%9Cebony-alert%E2%80%9D-legislation-help-bring-home-missing\">in a press statement\u003c/a> how Black children and young women are “disproportionately represented” on missing persons lists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is heartbreaking and painful for so many families and a public crisis for our entire state,” he said. “The Ebony Alert can change this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The measure passed with no votes in opposition, and Gov. Gavin Newsom signed the law in October. However, the highway patrol did flag concerns about the \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billAnalysisClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB673\">public becoming “desensitized” to emergency alerts\u003c/a> if they are more frequently activated.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California Secretary of State Shirley Weber included Donald Trump’s name on a list of certified candidates for California’s Republican presidential primary published late Thursday, ending speculation that California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11970527/colorados-supreme-court-bans-trump-from-state-ballot-what-happens-now\">would become the latest state to preemptively bar the former president\u003c/a> from the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber’s move came as she faced pressure to follow in the Colorado Supreme Court’s footsteps, which ruled Trump ineligible last week to appear on that state’s primary ballot. Earlier Thursday, Maine Secretary of State Shenna Bellows took unilateral action to remove Trump from the presidential primary ballot there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"California Secretary of State Shirley Weber\"]‘California’s Elections Code provides the foundation for resolution of ballot challenges, including those related to candidate eligibility to appear on a ballot, by our courts.’[/pullquote]Four justices in Colorado wrote a majority decision determining that Trump’s role in the 2021 attack on the Capitol amounted to engaging in an insurrection, thus rendering Trump ineligible for office under the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber faced immediate calls to disqualify Trump from the ballot in California, including from the state’s lieutenant governor, Eleni Kounalakis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Colorado decision can be the basis for a similar decision here in our state,” Kounalakis wrote to Weber in a letter last week. “The constitution is clear: you must be 35 years old and not be an insurrectionist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sharply-worded response last Friday, Weber said, “Removing a candidate from the ballot under Section Three of the Fourteenth Amendment is not something my office takes lightly and is not as simple as the requirement that a person be at least 35 years old to be president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber indicated that the courts, not the state’s top election official, are the best venue for challenges to Trump’s electoral eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s Elections Code provides the foundation for resolution of ballot challenges, including those related to candidate eligibility to appear on a ballot, by our courts,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump is expected to appeal the Colorado ruling to the U.S. Supreme Court, which could provide greater clarity to ballot challenges working their way through courts across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple 14th Amendment lawsuits were filed to keep Trump off the ballot in California, and similar efforts were rejected in Michigan and Oregon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11970527,news_11962954,news_11962643\"]Trump has blasted the Colorado ruling as an unfair gambit meant to block his path back to the Oval Office. Even some opponents of the former president, such as California Gov. Gavin Newsom, have questioned the idea of ending Trump’s campaign in court rather than at the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal precedents reached in earlier California cases also shed doubt on whether Weber had any power to remove candidates from the ballot absent a court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State Sen. Dave Min (D-Irvine) said he will introduce legislation in January to require the Secretary of State to determine a candidate’s eligibility. But that legislation would not take effect in time to impact the March primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber sent the certified list of candidates to county election officials on Thursday, hours after resolving a ballot dispute in a Central Valley congressional race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Sacramento Superior Court judge ruled against Weber when she granted an emergency petition from state Assemblymember Vince Fong to appear on the ballot in the race for the House of Representatives in California’s 20th congressional district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber argued Fong was ineligible to run for the seat being vacated by Rep. Kevin McCarthy because Fong had already filed to run for re-election to the Assembly. However, Judge Shelleyanne W. L. Chang said that rule does not apply to California’s primary election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California Secretary of State Shirley Weber included Donald Trump’s name on a list of certified candidates for California’s Republican presidential primary published late Thursday, ending speculation that California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11970527/colorados-supreme-court-bans-trump-from-state-ballot-what-happens-now\">would become the latest state to preemptively bar the former president\u003c/a> from the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber’s move came as she faced pressure to follow in the Colorado Supreme Court’s footsteps, which ruled Trump ineligible last week to appear on that state’s primary ballot. Earlier Thursday, Maine Secretary of State Shenna Bellows took unilateral action to remove Trump from the presidential primary ballot there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Four justices in Colorado wrote a majority decision determining that Trump’s role in the 2021 attack on the Capitol amounted to engaging in an insurrection, thus rendering Trump ineligible for office under the 14th Amendment of the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber faced immediate calls to disqualify Trump from the ballot in California, including from the state’s lieutenant governor, Eleni Kounalakis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Colorado decision can be the basis for a similar decision here in our state,” Kounalakis wrote to Weber in a letter last week. “The constitution is clear: you must be 35 years old and not be an insurrectionist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a sharply-worded response last Friday, Weber said, “Removing a candidate from the ballot under Section Three of the Fourteenth Amendment is not something my office takes lightly and is not as simple as the requirement that a person be at least 35 years old to be president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber indicated that the courts, not the state’s top election official, are the best venue for challenges to Trump’s electoral eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Trump has blasted the Colorado ruling as an unfair gambit meant to block his path back to the Oval Office. Even some opponents of the former president, such as California Gov. Gavin Newsom, have questioned the idea of ending Trump’s campaign in court rather than at the polls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal precedents reached in earlier California cases also shed doubt on whether Weber had any power to remove candidates from the ballot absent a court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California State Sen. Dave Min (D-Irvine) said he will introduce legislation in January to require the Secretary of State to determine a candidate’s eligibility. But that legislation would not take effect in time to impact the March primary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber sent the certified list of candidates to county election officials on Thursday, hours after resolving a ballot dispute in a Central Valley congressional race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Sacramento Superior Court judge ruled against Weber when she granted an emergency petition from state Assemblymember Vince Fong to appear on the ballot in the race for the House of Representatives in California’s 20th congressional district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weber argued Fong was ineligible to run for the seat being vacated by Rep. Kevin McCarthy because Fong had already filed to run for re-election to the Assembly. However, Judge Shelleyanne W. L. Chang said that rule does not apply to California’s primary election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Near fields awash with strawberries and greens, Ileana Miranda and her family pay $72 a month to get water piped into their home in a rural California community — and that’s before they consume a drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They pay to bring it from more than a mile away because the groundwater beneath them has been contaminated with nitrates leached into the soil from years of large-scale farming.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Ileana Miranda, manager of the San Jerardo cooperative\"]‘We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater. It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.’[/pullquote]Now, the San Jerardo cooperative — where Miranda and 300 others live — and environmental organizations have sued the state, demanding stricter rules about how much fertilizer farmers can use in the hope that the next generation of residents in the community 100 miles southeast of San Francisco will have cleaner water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater,” said Miranda, who manages the cooperative. “It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some California farming communities have been plagued for years by \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/health-california-water-quality-climate-and-environment-ca8eb802e95e8704ca0038d718fad541\">problems with their drinking water\u003c/a> due to nitrates and other contaminants in the groundwater that feeds their wells. Advocates have long pushed to remedy the situation, which disproportionately affects lower-income and Latino residents, many of whom worked in the same fields where farmers are accused of leaving too much nitrate behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nitrogen is in fertilizer because plants depend on it, but it can contaminate drinking water supplies. Much of the nitrate detected in wells today comes from fertilizer applied decades ago to ensure crop size and quality. As a result, researchers said the issue of nitrate-laden drinking water, which can cause a blood disease known as blue baby syndrome in infants and affect pregnant women, will likely persist for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been working to address the problem for years through regional water quality control boards and the State Water Resources Control Board. Different approaches have been taken in the Central Valley, which is home to more dairies and tomato farms, and the Central Coast to the west, where strawberries and leafy greens thrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970958\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970958\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walks by a very large water tank.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ileana Miranda walks in front of the new San Jerardo cooperative water tank near her home in Salinas on Dec. 20, 2023. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board issued rules limiting how much fertilizer farmers could apply and protecting areas near streams. This year, the state water board put those plans on hold, arguing that more consistent standards and scientific review are needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision drove San Jerardo residents and water quality advocates to take the state to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers, meanwhile, filed their own legal action, arguing neither the state nor the regional board fully considered the economic impact of the changes on those responsible for the country’s food supply. Norm Groot, executive director of the Monterey County Farm Bureau, said nitrogen is vital to ensure the size and quality of produce consumed throughout the country, but fertilizer is already being applied more precisely than it was in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n“We just can’t sustain our food supply without some sort of nitrogen application,” Groot said. “We now have a lot more science that supports when applications are needed and how those applications can be measured and metered. We’re not using nearly as much fertilizer as what was done a decade or 30 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Central Coast board’s limits would have forced some county farmers to grow two crops of leafy greens a year instead of three, he said. Pumping out groundwater laden with nitrates to irrigate fields while replacing it with newer water could help improve the situation over time, he said, adding that farmers depend on local drinking water, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edward Ortiz, a spokesperson for the State Water Resources Control Board, declined to comment on the lawsuits but said in an email that the approach taken in the Central Valley has the support of a panel of scientific experts. A second panel, he said, is expected to review both approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The litigation comes as California is stepping up efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-groundwater-drought-farming-probation-hearing-38aa9bd2b7d991e6bd1000ec9d8ad771\">regulate \u003c/a>groundwater use after years of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-droughts-weather-climate-and-environment-6f591a7e40f39a0d804706b507fd4022\">drought\u003c/a> and with potentially drier winters due to climate change. Farming is a key part of the state’s economy, with strawberries and lettuce bringing in more than $5 billion combined in 2021, agricultural statistics show.[aside label=\"more on groundwater issues\" tag=\"groundwater\"]Michael Cahn, irrigation and water resource advisor for the University of California, Cooperative Extension, said he’s been working with Central Coast farmers to reduce the nitrogen they leave behind. Strategies include rapid-testing soil before applying fertilizer, improving water management and planting \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/cover-crops-farming-carbon-nitrogen-1648449f90b7072be50b95a21d733618\">cover crops\u003c/a>, he said, but added the problem won’t be resolved quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is the value of vegetables is so high, and a lot of time it is just easier to put more fertilizer and water on than do careful management,” Cahn said. “We have a lot of contaminated groundwater to use, so it will take a long time to clean up. People say this could be 50 years in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some local communities rely on bottled drinking water due to nitrate levels in groundwater wells, said Brandon Bollinger, senior community advocacy manager at Community Water Center. He said his organization delivers bottled water weekly to about 260 households on the Central Coast, and in one area, nitrate levels were six times what’s deemed safe to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We like to say water flows toward money and power, and in California, that generally looks like water flowing toward industrial agriculture,” he said. “We need to have limits and targets and a timeline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Jerardo, which was founded by farmworkers in the 1970s, people rely solely on groundwater for drinking, bathing and washing. The community’s first well was deemed contaminated in 1990, and the second, a few years later. After a third well went bad, the county got involved and drilled the latest well, said Horacio Amezquita, whose father was among the community’s founding members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amezquita said efforts can be made to clean up the water system, but the answer is not to use synthetic fertilizers in the first place. He said he’s still farming in the area, growing cover crops and grains, but doesn’t use fertilizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re more interested in having their crops, at their own time, having their schedule at their own time,” Amezquita said. “It’s not a sustainable agriculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Now, the San Jerardo cooperative — where Miranda and 300 others live — and environmental organizations have sued the state, demanding stricter rules about how much fertilizer farmers can use in the hope that the next generation of residents in the community 100 miles southeast of San Francisco will have cleaner water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We understand crops need these chemicals to grow, but you don’t need to put that much in the groundwater,” said Miranda, who manages the cooperative. “It is essentially poisoning the groundwater that we need to live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some California farming communities have been plagued for years by \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/health-california-water-quality-climate-and-environment-ca8eb802e95e8704ca0038d718fad541\">problems with their drinking water\u003c/a> due to nitrates and other contaminants in the groundwater that feeds their wells. Advocates have long pushed to remedy the situation, which disproportionately affects lower-income and Latino residents, many of whom worked in the same fields where farmers are accused of leaving too much nitrate behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nitrogen is in fertilizer because plants depend on it, but it can contaminate drinking water supplies. Much of the nitrate detected in wells today comes from fertilizer applied decades ago to ensure crop size and quality. As a result, researchers said the issue of nitrate-laden drinking water, which can cause a blood disease known as blue baby syndrome in infants and affect pregnant women, will likely persist for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been working to address the problem for years through regional water quality control boards and the State Water Resources Control Board. Different approaches have been taken in the Central Valley, which is home to more dairies and tomato farms, and the Central Coast to the west, where strawberries and leafy greens thrive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11970958\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11970958\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman walks by a very large water tank.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-2048x1365.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/12/AP23355285320786-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ileana Miranda walks in front of the new San Jerardo cooperative water tank near her home in Salinas on Dec. 20, 2023. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, the Central Coast Regional Water Quality Control Board issued rules limiting how much fertilizer farmers could apply and protecting areas near streams. This year, the state water board put those plans on hold, arguing that more consistent standards and scientific review are needed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision drove San Jerardo residents and water quality advocates to take the state to court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers, meanwhile, filed their own legal action, arguing neither the state nor the regional board fully considered the economic impact of the changes on those responsible for the country’s food supply. Norm Groot, executive director of the Monterey County Farm Bureau, said nitrogen is vital to ensure the size and quality of produce consumed throughout the country, but fertilizer is already being applied more precisely than it was in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“We just can’t sustain our food supply without some sort of nitrogen application,” Groot said. “We now have a lot more science that supports when applications are needed and how those applications can be measured and metered. We’re not using nearly as much fertilizer as what was done a decade or 30 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Central Coast board’s limits would have forced some county farmers to grow two crops of leafy greens a year instead of three, he said. Pumping out groundwater laden with nitrates to irrigate fields while replacing it with newer water could help improve the situation over time, he said, adding that farmers depend on local drinking water, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edward Ortiz, a spokesperson for the State Water Resources Control Board, declined to comment on the lawsuits but said in an email that the approach taken in the Central Valley has the support of a panel of scientific experts. A second panel, he said, is expected to review both approaches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The litigation comes as California is stepping up efforts to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-groundwater-drought-farming-probation-hearing-38aa9bd2b7d991e6bd1000ec9d8ad771\">regulate \u003c/a>groundwater use after years of \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-droughts-weather-climate-and-environment-6f591a7e40f39a0d804706b507fd4022\">drought\u003c/a> and with potentially drier winters due to climate change. Farming is a key part of the state’s economy, with strawberries and lettuce bringing in more than $5 billion combined in 2021, agricultural statistics show.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Michael Cahn, irrigation and water resource advisor for the University of California, Cooperative Extension, said he’s been working with Central Coast farmers to reduce the nitrogen they leave behind. Strategies include rapid-testing soil before applying fertilizer, improving water management and planting \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/cover-crops-farming-carbon-nitrogen-1648449f90b7072be50b95a21d733618\">cover crops\u003c/a>, he said, but added the problem won’t be resolved quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is the value of vegetables is so high, and a lot of time it is just easier to put more fertilizer and water on than do careful management,” Cahn said. “We have a lot of contaminated groundwater to use, so it will take a long time to clean up. People say this could be 50 years in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some local communities rely on bottled drinking water due to nitrate levels in groundwater wells, said Brandon Bollinger, senior community advocacy manager at Community Water Center. He said his organization delivers bottled water weekly to about 260 households on the Central Coast, and in one area, nitrate levels were six times what’s deemed safe to drink.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We like to say water flows toward money and power, and in California, that generally looks like water flowing toward industrial agriculture,” he said. “We need to have limits and targets and a timeline.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Jerardo, which was founded by farmworkers in the 1970s, people rely solely on groundwater for drinking, bathing and washing. The community’s first well was deemed contaminated in 1990, and the second, a few years later. After a third well went bad, the county got involved and drilled the latest well, said Horacio Amezquita, whose father was among the community’s founding members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amezquita said efforts can be made to clean up the water system, but the answer is not to use synthetic fertilizers in the first place. He said he’s still farming in the area, growing cover crops and grains, but doesn’t use fertilizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re more interested in having their crops, at their own time, having their schedule at their own time,” Amezquita said. “It’s not a sustainable agriculture.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"link": "/radio/program/reveal",
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"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
},
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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