'Threshold Choir' Brings Songs of Comfort to the Dying
John Oliver Recruits 'Sesame Street' to Sing About Lead Poisoning (Video)
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Health Reform Roils Downton Abbey
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She previously covered immigration. Farida was \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccnma.org/2022-most-influential-latina-journalists\">named\u003c/a> one of the 10 Most Influential Latina Journalists in California in 2022 by the California Chicano News Media Association. Her work has won awards from the Society of Professional Journalists (Northern California), as well as a national and regional Edward M. Murrow Award for the collaborative reporting projects “Dangerous Air” and “Graying California.” \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Before joining KQED, Farida worked as a producer at Radio Bilingüe, a national public radio network. Farida earned her master’s degree in journalism from Stanford University.\u003c/span>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3ab27c5554b67b478f80971e515aa02?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"FaridaJhabvala","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":"https://www.linkedin.com/in/faridajhabvala/","sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Farida Jhabvala Romero | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3ab27c5554b67b478f80971e515aa02?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c3ab27c5554b67b478f80971e515aa02?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/fjhabvala"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"stateofhealth_195742":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_195742","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"195742","score":null,"sort":[1465660680000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"threshold-choir-brings-songs-of-comfort-to-the-dying","title":"'Threshold Choir' Brings Songs of Comfort to the Dying","publishDate":1465660680,"format":"video","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Three women climb the stairs of a beautiful Victorian in San Francisco. They hold nothing in their hands, but they bring a precious gift. These women are members of the Threshold Choir, and the home they are visiting is the Zen Hospice Project. They sing to people at the last threshold of life, and today, when they reach the second floor, they find Luca Sager, a 38-year-old chef with terminal brain cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager’s hands, tattooed with a salt and pepper shakers, rest on the top of his covers as he listens as the women sing, a cappella:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You are not alone\u003cbr>\nI am here now\u003cbr>\nWe are not alone\u003cbr>\nWe are here together\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager speaks slowly through medication and pain. He says peace fills him when the women sing. “It feels like a good time for me to gather my feelings about gratitude and being calm and appreciation. I just smile a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Munger founded the Threshold Choir in Marin County and the East Bay 16 years ago. She says it grew out of her own experience of sitting with a friend of who was dying of AIDS back in the '90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very distressing to see him comatose and agitated,” Munger recalls. “I did what I did at the time when I was nervous or afraid, and I started singing -- instinctively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says her friend “calmed, settled and got positively serene,” and her own feelings mirrored those of her dying friend. “I felt like I had discovered, or rediscovered, something -- an ancient practice that tribal humans do for one another when someone’s struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_196124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-196124 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2.jpg\" alt=\"Threshold Choir_Web 2\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luca Sager, 38, who is terminally ill with brain cancer, listens to the Threshold Choir. They are \"an act of care,\" he says. \u003ccite>(Scott Stoneback for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://thresholdchoir.org\" target=\"_blank\">Threshold Choir\u003c/a> has spread since then -- across North America and to other countries. It is devoted to lifting others up, to creating a place for reflection, especially for people who may be outside the traditional reaches of religion. The singers speak of the healing quality of music and the power of the human voice to soothe and to make beautiful the process of dying, which is so often accompanied by great fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choir singer Katharine Rose Kirner says she knows what it is like to lie powerless in bed facing the fear of death. In 2001, as the country was reeling from the 9/11 attacks, Kirner faced a different kind of threat, a brain tumor the size of a grapefruit. She says she was gripped by fear of death and feelings she had not done what she needed to do in her life. She vowed to do something “important” if she recuperated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she did eventually heal, she learned of the Threshold Choir and became a devoted member singing at least once a week. She says being part of the choir has given her a chance to see how gentle dying can be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of us think of death as an event, but it’s a process,\" she says. \"That gave me great comfort.” Watching the process has moved her to think of what she wants at her own death, something she says she would not have contemplated without being in the choir. \"I would have sat in the fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_196122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-196122 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3.jpg\" alt=\"Threshold Choir__Web 3\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Munger, founder of the Threshold Choir. \u003ccite>(Scott Stoneback for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Singer Peggy Cadbury, a retired nurse, saw a fair amount of death while working in hospital settings. But as a member of the choir, she has the chance to tend to the dying with a different intention. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you're nursing at the bedside of somebody who is dying, you're constantly concerned about their physical wellbeing, their pain level, ” Cadbury says. But as a member of the choir, “I can just be there to hold space for that person in the room and create an environment of comfort and caring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munger says the harmonies are particularly powerful in creating a sense of calm and wellbeing. “It’s a visceral experience. It’s not just the ears; it's full body absorption of vibration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cadbury says singing quietly and softly the simple songs written by choir members is much like singing a lullaby to a child. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is like a gentle caress, and it feels right,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager, the patient, says the singing not only helps bring him emotional calm, but it also reduces the physical pain he has in his head around the tumor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research suggests that listening to live music can help reduce pain in palliative care patients. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23017609\" target=\"_blank\">2012 study\u003c/a> found that patients found that patients who had the harp played to them for 20 minutes -- along with breathing exercises and visualization -- reported a significant decrease in pain compared to a control group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Registered nurse and certified music therapist Kathy Jo Gutgsell at University Hospitals in Cleveland was lead author of the study. She believes music “may awaken the body’s own endorphins\" -- those much-chased-after chemicals that make us feel better about the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The human brain \"doesn’t multitask very well,\" she explains. \"When we are paying attention to the music, we can't pay attention to the pain.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutgsell says music is tied to memories and can connect us to times of great joy and sadness. “I think humans are hardwired for music. Some people think we were singing before we were speaking back at the beginning of humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Threshold Choir singers say they, too, are helped by the act of singing together and for a person in need. “You see them calm, and then you calm, and it’s a reciprocal thing,” Cadbury says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kirner says singing in the choir is one of the best things in her life. “I get a sense of purpose.” Choir singers may benefit in other ways. A growing body of research finds that people who take part in choral singing have a better sense of wellbeing than those who don’t sing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_196125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-196125 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"Threshold Choir_Web 1-1\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Peggy Cadbury, Katharine Rose Kirner and Karen Mooney, members of the Threshold Choir. \u003ccite>(Scott Stoneback for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The research suggests that singing itself can raise levels of oxytocin, the hormone associated with trust and bonding. So people who sing in chorus may feel a strong bond with those they sing with together. Right now in San Francisco, a\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/08/20/in-san-francisco-seniors-are-singing-for-science/\" target=\"_blank\"> five-year study is underway\u003c/a> looking at both the possible physical and emotional benefits of choral singing for seniors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munger says songs are “ethereal, evanescent, and mysterious” and she believes they can serve as a bridge “from the purely physical, temporal, body experience ... to what lies beyond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Cadbury, she says watching others die has helped her frame her daily life and what she hopes for her death. “Singing at the bedside of people who are dying has helped me appreciate being alive, has made more feel more alive and more into being the moment and enjoy life. I hope that when I am on the threshold someone will come and sing to me these beautiful, peaceful songs of comfort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager, the patient, says he believes as human beings our purpose in life is to be givers however we can. He says he did that as a chef, serving homemade nourishing food. He says he is proud of the Threshold Choir for offering their songs as a gift, “to receive that gift is an act of love and support, an act of care, which is what I need most in my life right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Founder says music serves as a bridge “from the purely physical temporal body experience ... to what lies beyond.”","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1466810683,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":1311},"headData":{"title":"'Threshold Choir' Brings Songs of Comfort to the Dying | KQED","description":"Founder says music serves as a bridge “from the purely physical temporal body experience ... to what lies beyond.”","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"'Threshold Choir' Brings Songs of Comfort to the Dying","datePublished":"2016-06-11T15:58:00.000Z","dateModified":"2016-06-24T23:24:43.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"195742 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=195742","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/06/11/threshold-choir-brings-songs-of-comfort-to-the-dying/","disqusTitle":"'Threshold Choir' Brings Songs of Comfort to the Dying","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/NR25A8C6hGU","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Rachel Berger and Dina Maria Munsch\u003c/strong>","path":"/stateofhealth/195742/threshold-choir-brings-songs-of-comfort-to-the-dying","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Three women climb the stairs of a beautiful Victorian in San Francisco. They hold nothing in their hands, but they bring a precious gift. These women are members of the Threshold Choir, and the home they are visiting is the Zen Hospice Project. They sing to people at the last threshold of life, and today, when they reach the second floor, they find Luca Sager, a 38-year-old chef with terminal brain cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager’s hands, tattooed with a salt and pepper shakers, rest on the top of his covers as he listens as the women sing, a cappella:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You are not alone\u003cbr>\nI am here now\u003cbr>\nWe are not alone\u003cbr>\nWe are here together\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager speaks slowly through medication and pain. He says peace fills him when the women sing. “It feels like a good time for me to gather my feelings about gratitude and being calm and appreciation. I just smile a lot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kate Munger founded the Threshold Choir in Marin County and the East Bay 16 years ago. She says it grew out of her own experience of sitting with a friend of who was dying of AIDS back in the '90s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was very distressing to see him comatose and agitated,” Munger recalls. “I did what I did at the time when I was nervous or afraid, and I started singing -- instinctively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says her friend “calmed, settled and got positively serene,” and her own feelings mirrored those of her dying friend. “I felt like I had discovered, or rediscovered, something -- an ancient practice that tribal humans do for one another when someone’s struggling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_196124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-196124 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2.jpg\" alt=\"Threshold Choir_Web 2\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-2-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luca Sager, 38, who is terminally ill with brain cancer, listens to the Threshold Choir. They are \"an act of care,\" he says. \u003ccite>(Scott Stoneback for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://thresholdchoir.org\" target=\"_blank\">Threshold Choir\u003c/a> has spread since then -- across North America and to other countries. It is devoted to lifting others up, to creating a place for reflection, especially for people who may be outside the traditional reaches of religion. The singers speak of the healing quality of music and the power of the human voice to soothe and to make beautiful the process of dying, which is so often accompanied by great fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choir singer Katharine Rose Kirner says she knows what it is like to lie powerless in bed facing the fear of death. In 2001, as the country was reeling from the 9/11 attacks, Kirner faced a different kind of threat, a brain tumor the size of a grapefruit. She says she was gripped by fear of death and feelings she had not done what she needed to do in her life. She vowed to do something “important” if she recuperated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she did eventually heal, she learned of the Threshold Choir and became a devoted member singing at least once a week. She says being part of the choir has given her a chance to see how gentle dying can be.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of us think of death as an event, but it’s a process,\" she says. \"That gave me great comfort.” Watching the process has moved her to think of what she wants at her own death, something she says she would not have contemplated without being in the choir. \"I would have sat in the fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_196122\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-196122 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3.jpg\" alt=\"Threshold Choir__Web 3\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir__Web-3-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kate Munger, founder of the Threshold Choir. \u003ccite>(Scott Stoneback for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Singer Peggy Cadbury, a retired nurse, saw a fair amount of death while working in hospital settings. But as a member of the choir, she has the chance to tend to the dying with a different intention. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you're nursing at the bedside of somebody who is dying, you're constantly concerned about their physical wellbeing, their pain level, ” Cadbury says. But as a member of the choir, “I can just be there to hold space for that person in the room and create an environment of comfort and caring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munger says the harmonies are particularly powerful in creating a sense of calm and wellbeing. “It’s a visceral experience. It’s not just the ears; it's full body absorption of vibration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cadbury says singing quietly and softly the simple songs written by choir members is much like singing a lullaby to a child. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is like a gentle caress, and it feels right,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager, the patient, says the singing not only helps bring him emotional calm, but it also reduces the physical pain he has in his head around the tumor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research suggests that listening to live music can help reduce pain in palliative care patients. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23017609\" target=\"_blank\">2012 study\u003c/a> found that patients found that patients who had the harp played to them for 20 minutes -- along with breathing exercises and visualization -- reported a significant decrease in pain compared to a control group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Registered nurse and certified music therapist Kathy Jo Gutgsell at University Hospitals in Cleveland was lead author of the study. She believes music “may awaken the body’s own endorphins\" -- those much-chased-after chemicals that make us feel better about the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The human brain \"doesn’t multitask very well,\" she explains. \"When we are paying attention to the music, we can't pay attention to the pain.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gutgsell says music is tied to memories and can connect us to times of great joy and sadness. “I think humans are hardwired for music. Some people think we were singing before we were speaking back at the beginning of humanity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Threshold Choir singers say they, too, are helped by the act of singing together and for a person in need. “You see them calm, and then you calm, and it’s a reciprocal thing,” Cadbury says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kirner says singing in the choir is one of the best things in her life. “I get a sense of purpose.” Choir singers may benefit in other ways. A growing body of research finds that people who take part in choral singing have a better sense of wellbeing than those who don’t sing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_196125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-196125 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"Threshold Choir_Web 1-1\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/06/Threshold-Choir_Web-1-1-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Peggy Cadbury, Katharine Rose Kirner and Karen Mooney, members of the Threshold Choir. \u003ccite>(Scott Stoneback for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The research suggests that singing itself can raise levels of oxytocin, the hormone associated with trust and bonding. So people who sing in chorus may feel a strong bond with those they sing with together. Right now in San Francisco, a\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2013/08/20/in-san-francisco-seniors-are-singing-for-science/\" target=\"_blank\"> five-year study is underway\u003c/a> looking at both the possible physical and emotional benefits of choral singing for seniors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Munger says songs are “ethereal, evanescent, and mysterious” and she believes they can serve as a bridge “from the purely physical, temporal, body experience ... to what lies beyond.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for Cadbury, she says watching others die has helped her frame her daily life and what she hopes for her death. “Singing at the bedside of people who are dying has helped me appreciate being alive, has made more feel more alive and more into being the moment and enjoy life. I hope that when I am on the threshold someone will come and sing to me these beautiful, peaceful songs of comfort.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sager, the patient, says he believes as human beings our purpose in life is to be givers however we can. He says he did that as a chef, serving homemade nourishing food. He says he is proud of the Threshold Choir for offering their songs as a gift, “to receive that gift is an act of love and support, an act of care, which is what I need most in my life right now.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/195742/threshold-choir-brings-songs-of-comfort-to-the-dying","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_195742"],"categories":["stateofhealth_12"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_40","stateofhealth_2519"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_196123","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_174428":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_174428","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"174428","score":null,"sort":[1461016615000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"john-oliver-recruits-sesame-street-to-sing-about-lead-poisoning-video","title":"John Oliver Recruits 'Sesame Street' to Sing About Lead Poisoning (Video)","publishDate":1461016615,"format":"video","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>John Oliver turned his righteous outrage to lead poisoning in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUizvEjR-0U\" target=\"_blank\">weekly show \u003c/a>last night. And, as he tends to do, did it with humor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no safe level of lead,\" Oliver said. \"It's one of those things so dangerous that you shouldn't even let a little bit inside you, like heroin, or Jeremy Piven.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started with the Flint, Michigan water crisis and expanded from there, pointing out that there are 2.1 million homes in the U.S. where children under age six live that also have a lead dust hazard. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6213a3.htm\" target=\"_blank\">estimates that 535,000 children\u003c/a> under age six have an elevated blood lead level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Lead is almost as much a scourge in young children's homes as 'Frozen' merchandise,\" he said, to laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead is a naturally occurring mineral, but is toxic to humans, especially children, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/\" target=\"_blank\">can lead to irreversible neurodevelopmental \u003c/a>problems, including intellectual disability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oliver recounted the \"major public health victory\" starting in the U.S. in the 1970s when lead was removed from paint and then from gasoline. Children's blood lead levels plummeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2000, the federal government determined that totally removing lead from all homes, nationwide, would cost $16.6 billion every year for a decade, a very steep price tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the federal government funded a lead hazard control program in homes where families where low-income families lived. While $230 million was recommended, the HUD's Lead Hazard Control Program was never funded above $176 million, Oliver said, and has been steadily declining since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the allocation is $110 million, not even as much as Ride Along 2 \u003ca href=\"http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Ride-Along-2#tab=summary\" target=\"_blank\">has made so far\u003c/a>, a movie the \u003ca href=\"http://nypost.com/2016/01/13/the-worst-part-about-being-a-movie-critic-ride-along-2/\" target=\"_blank\">New York Post said \u003c/a>was \"as funny as lead poisoning.\" (How Oliver put those facts together, I don't know, but it' s true, follow the links.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oliver turned to all manner of archival news clips during his history lesson, including a 20-year-old clip from \"Sesame Street\" featuring a song about protecting yourself from lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's clearly time to address the problem again,\" Oliver said, and went off to visit \"Sesame Street\" where Elmo, Rosita and even Oscar teamed up to sing a song motivating everyone to conquer the problem.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"\"Lead is almost as much a scourge in young children's homes as 'Frozen' merchandise.\"","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1461112587,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":13,"wordCount":385},"headData":{"title":"John Oliver Recruits 'Sesame Street' to Sing About Lead Poisoning (Video) | KQED","description":""Lead is almost as much a scourge in young children's homes as 'Frozen' merchandise."","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"John Oliver Recruits 'Sesame Street' to Sing About Lead Poisoning (Video)","datePublished":"2016-04-18T21:56:55.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-20T00:36:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"174428 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=174428","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/04/18/john-oliver-recruits-sesame-street-to-sing-about-lead-poisoning-video/","disqusTitle":"John Oliver Recruits 'Sesame Street' to Sing About Lead Poisoning (Video)","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUizvEjR-0U","path":"/stateofhealth/174428/john-oliver-recruits-sesame-street-to-sing-about-lead-poisoning-video","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>John Oliver turned his righteous outrage to lead poisoning in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GUizvEjR-0U\" target=\"_blank\">weekly show \u003c/a>last night. And, as he tends to do, did it with humor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There is no safe level of lead,\" Oliver said. \"It's one of those things so dangerous that you shouldn't even let a little bit inside you, like heroin, or Jeremy Piven.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started with the Flint, Michigan water crisis and expanded from there, pointing out that there are 2.1 million homes in the U.S. where children under age six live that also have a lead dust hazard. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/mm6213a3.htm\" target=\"_blank\">estimates that 535,000 children\u003c/a> under age six have an elevated blood lead level.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Lead is almost as much a scourge in young children's homes as 'Frozen' merchandise,\" he said, to laughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lead is a naturally occurring mineral, but is toxic to humans, especially children, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs379/en/\" target=\"_blank\">can lead to irreversible neurodevelopmental \u003c/a>problems, including intellectual disability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oliver recounted the \"major public health victory\" starting in the U.S. in the 1970s when lead was removed from paint and then from gasoline. Children's blood lead levels plummeted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2000, the federal government determined that totally removing lead from all homes, nationwide, would cost $16.6 billion every year for a decade, a very steep price tag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, the federal government funded a lead hazard control program in homes where families where low-income families lived. While $230 million was recommended, the HUD's Lead Hazard Control Program was never funded above $176 million, Oliver said, and has been steadily declining since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the allocation is $110 million, not even as much as Ride Along 2 \u003ca href=\"http://www.the-numbers.com/movie/Ride-Along-2#tab=summary\" target=\"_blank\">has made so far\u003c/a>, a movie the \u003ca href=\"http://nypost.com/2016/01/13/the-worst-part-about-being-a-movie-critic-ride-along-2/\" target=\"_blank\">New York Post said \u003c/a>was \"as funny as lead poisoning.\" (How Oliver put those facts together, I don't know, but it' s true, follow the links.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oliver turned to all manner of archival news clips during his history lesson, including a 20-year-old clip from \"Sesame Street\" featuring a song about protecting yourself from lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's clearly time to address the problem again,\" Oliver said, and went off to visit \"Sesame Street\" where Elmo, Rosita and even Oscar teamed up to sing a song motivating everyone to conquer the problem.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/174428/john-oliver-recruits-sesame-street-to-sing-about-lead-poisoning-video","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_20","stateofhealth_268","stateofhealth_461"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_174444","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_166815":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_166815","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"166815","score":null,"sort":[1459532331000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-theater-helped-hiv-positive-grandmother-health-medea-project","title":"How Theater Helps This HIV-Positive Grandmother Transform Lives","publishDate":1459532331,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Vital Signs | State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":2363,"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>For decades, Cassandra Steptoe felt like she couldn’t talk about her HIV diagnosis with anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't forgive myself for getting HIV,\" says Steptoe, who spent much of her early adult life in and out of jail for shoplifting and burglaries linked to her IV drug use. \"But someone told me a long time ago, if you are looking for a reason to feel shame, you can always find it. I learned to look for something else: forgiveness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Steptoe, now 59 and a grandmother, it wasn't until her 40s -- after decades of struggling with addiction -- that she finally completed a rehab program and committed to ongoing HIV treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today she talks openly about that experience onstage, as part of a theater project aimed at inspiring others. The quote about learning to forgive herself is part of an autobiographical monologue Steptoe wrote and performs in a San Francisco theater production of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MedeaProject/\" target=\"_blank\">The Medea Project: Theater for Incarcerated Women/HIV Circle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was Steptoe's physician, \u003ca href=\"http://whp.ucsf.edu/about/team-members/edward-machtinger-m-d\">Dr. Edward Machtinger\u003c/a>, who first told her about the project. Established by playwright and director \u003ca href=\"http://www.culturalodyssey.org/v2/aboutus/rhodessa_bio.html\" target=\"_blank\">Rhodessa Jones\u003c/a> in 2008 as an extension of an improvisational production that draws on and explores the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15146105\" target=\"_blank\">experiences of jailed women\u003c/a>, the \"HIV Circle\" focuses on the experiences of women living with the AIDS virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The therapeutic aspect of the performance workshop is called \u003ca href=\"http://rtc.umn.edu/docs/pep_facguide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">peer empowerment\u003c/a>, explains Machtinger, an internist and director of the Women's HIV Program at the University of California, San Francisco. The strength and healing Steptoe and others have gained from processing and sharing their stories this way is profound, he says — and can serve as a model for helping other patients deal with psychological trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_164615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-164615\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Cassandra Steptoe at the apartment she shares with her 8-year-old granddaughter in San Francisco. She credits The Medea Project with helping her improve her overall well-being.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cassandra Steptoe at the apartment she shares with her 8-year-old granddaughter in San Francisco. She credits The Medea Project with helping her improve her overall well-being. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Medications 'Not Enough'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the theater group, Steptoe began writing about her experiences and sharing them with a small group of women, some of whom had gone through similar struggles of addiction and histories of incarceration. The process of uncovering her past and making sense of her experiences in a cathartic, supportive environment helped Steptoe end her feelings of isolation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Having these women that really love you and support you ... it feels good to have some real friends, 'cause I never had that before,\" Steptoe says. \"We're all sharing something together 'cause we all get something out of everybody's story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential of peer empowerment is not just anecdotal. Machtinger has \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055329014000971\" target=\"_blank\">studied\u003c/a> the Medea Project's life-saving impact on his patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256844757\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Machtinger says the patients in the Medea Project followed by his research team went through an extraordinary transformation. Many who had barely disclosed their HIV status to anyone when they began, became activists and leaders in their communities, helping to destigmatize HIV while pursuing personal goals and leading productive lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For them to develop what they described as \"sisterhood\" was the most important and most profound type of healing that I ever witnessed,\" Machtinger says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He began seeking alternative methods to help his patients after increasingly noticing that a large proportion were successfully receiving antiretroviral treatment, but still dying from reasons that had \"nothing to do with HIV,\" such as murder, suicide or drug overdose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They could have their HIV under control, (but) their lives were not getting better,\" Machtinger says. \"That was because their core issue -- a life of trauma and the impacts of depression, isolation and shame -- wasn’t being effectively addressed. And to us, that's not acceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Machtinger's experience is reverberating beyond the Medea Project. He says witnessing and studying the impact of peer empowerment has helped inform a broader role. He is part of an advisory group helping to develop new guidelines for trauma-informed primary care for the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidelines will likely include a substantial focus on interventions with peer empowerment as one ingredient to help people with severe trauma heal, says Machtinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The core elements of the Medea Project are really lessons for other interventions to help people overcome trauma and other stigmatizing situations and conditions,\" says Machtinger, adding that childhood and adult trauma have been linked to a variety of illnesses, such as hepatitis C, heart disease and diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He expects the new guidelines for primary care clinics and other health providers to be finalized and published later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trauma at the Root of HIV Diagnosis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe now realizes she was infected with HIV through unprotected sex and sharing needles. She used to be addicted to heroin and cocaine. During a decades-long period of her life, she was in and out of the criminal justice system. She worked as a prostitute and survived abusive relationships -- getting beat up so badly one time that she spent three months recovering at a hospital, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe says experiencing sexual abuse repeatedly as a child and teen led her on the path that eventually resulted in HIV infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sexual abuse came from family,\" she says. \"And I guess I was kind of covering all that up by choosing the drugs. It kind of took me out there into the street, looking for love in the wrong places because I didn't have it at home. I started shooting drugs and that led into prostitution and to prison.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/03/20/trauma-fuels-hiv-epidemic-among-women/http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/03/20/trauma-fuels-hiv-epidemic-among-women/\">Recent studies\u003c/a> show that HIV-positive women suffer disproportionately from high rates of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder. The high rates of trauma also lead to increased risk of further spreading HIV, according to researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transforming Her Life\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Steptoe is busy and full of energy. She takes antiretroviral medication religiously every morning, eats a healthy diet and works out by taking Zumba fitness classes at her gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe, a mother of three and grandmother of nine has also taken full custody of her 8-year-old granddaughter, who frequently accompanies her to rehearsals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She teaches me how to love, and she gives me patience,\" says Steptoe, who also cares for other kids in her Mission apartment building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhodessa Jones, the Medea Project's dynamic and energetic director, says Steptoe has flourished since she joined the organization, becoming a leader and inspiration to other women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She’s so powerful, positive and forceful. She gets it,\" says Jones, who founded Medea more than 23 years ago. \"Theater has really been expressive therapy for her. It gives her a space to speak her truth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_164614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-164614\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut.jpg\" alt='Performers at The Medea Project rehearse in San Francisco. Founder and director Rhodessa Jones, uses Greek, Roman and African mythology to introduce \"the universality of all of our stories.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Performers at The Medea Project rehearse in San Francisco. Founder and director Rhodessa Jones, uses Greek, Roman and African mythology to introduce \"the universality of all of our stories.\" \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Medea Project uses Greek, Roman and African mythology to introduce \"the universality of all of our stories,\" says Jones, who asked Steptoe to imagine going back in time to age 14 and write the lessons she would give herself. The result was Steptoe's piece \"Younger Self.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe wrote the piece, performed in January in San Francisco, about the moment in 1987 when she first found out she was HIV-positive. She was serving time in jail and received a health checkup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My world crashed. I didn't have no education of what I had, I didn't have no support,\" says Steptoe, adding that she considered her condition \"a death sentence\" at the time. \"I had to relive that again by writing this because I needed to heal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'HIV is a Health Condition, Not a Crime'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After receiving the diagnosis, she remembers crying at night with a pillow over her head so others wouldn't hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe then kept her HIV status a secret for many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, years later, the key for her to find and use her voice was becoming a part of The Medea Project, she says. The main motivation for telling her story? She wants to give hope to others, and help them feel they are not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now I can tell the world that HIV is just a health condition, not a crime,\" says Steptoe, who doesn't hesitate to share her story as a lead actress for Medea in front of audiences of hundreds of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't have shame around it no more,” Steptoe says. “I let my grandkids know that even if you go the wrong way, you can still turn your life around.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Cassandra Steptoe is one of many women living with HIV whose lives have been changed working with The Medea Project.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1461177250,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":41,"wordCount":1455},"headData":{"title":"How Theater Helps This HIV-Positive Grandmother Transform Lives | KQED","description":"Cassandra Steptoe is one of many women living with HIV whose lives have been changed working with The Medea Project.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Theater Helps This HIV-Positive Grandmother Transform Lives","datePublished":"2016-04-01T17:38:51.000Z","dateModified":"2016-04-20T18:34:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"166815 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=166815","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/04/01/how-theater-helped-hiv-positive-grandmother-health-medea-project/","disqusTitle":"How Theater Helps This HIV-Positive Grandmother Transform Lives","path":"/stateofhealth/166815/how-theater-helped-hiv-positive-grandmother-health-medea-project","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For decades, Cassandra Steptoe felt like she couldn’t talk about her HIV diagnosis with anyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't forgive myself for getting HIV,\" says Steptoe, who spent much of her early adult life in and out of jail for shoplifting and burglaries linked to her IV drug use. \"But someone told me a long time ago, if you are looking for a reason to feel shame, you can always find it. I learned to look for something else: forgiveness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Steptoe, now 59 and a grandmother, it wasn't until her 40s -- after decades of struggling with addiction -- that she finally completed a rehab program and committed to ongoing HIV treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today she talks openly about that experience onstage, as part of a theater project aimed at inspiring others. The quote about learning to forgive herself is part of an autobiographical monologue Steptoe wrote and performs in a San Francisco theater production of \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/MedeaProject/\" target=\"_blank\">The Medea Project: Theater for Incarcerated Women/HIV Circle\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was Steptoe's physician, \u003ca href=\"http://whp.ucsf.edu/about/team-members/edward-machtinger-m-d\">Dr. Edward Machtinger\u003c/a>, who first told her about the project. Established by playwright and director \u003ca href=\"http://www.culturalodyssey.org/v2/aboutus/rhodessa_bio.html\" target=\"_blank\">Rhodessa Jones\u003c/a> in 2008 as an extension of an improvisational production that draws on and explores the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=15146105\" target=\"_blank\">experiences of jailed women\u003c/a>, the \"HIV Circle\" focuses on the experiences of women living with the AIDS virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The therapeutic aspect of the performance workshop is called \u003ca href=\"http://rtc.umn.edu/docs/pep_facguide.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">peer empowerment\u003c/a>, explains Machtinger, an internist and director of the Women's HIV Program at the University of California, San Francisco. The strength and healing Steptoe and others have gained from processing and sharing their stories this way is profound, he says — and can serve as a model for helping other patients deal with psychological trauma.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_164615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-164615\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Cassandra Steptoe at the apartment she shares with her 8-year-old granddaughter in San Francisco. She credits The Medea Project with helping her improve her overall well-being.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18863_IMG_9455-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cassandra Steptoe at the apartment she shares with her 8-year-old granddaughter in San Francisco. She credits The Medea Project with helping her improve her overall well-being. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero / KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Medications 'Not Enough'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the theater group, Steptoe began writing about her experiences and sharing them with a small group of women, some of whom had gone through similar struggles of addiction and histories of incarceration. The process of uncovering her past and making sense of her experiences in a cathartic, supportive environment helped Steptoe end her feelings of isolation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Having these women that really love you and support you ... it feels good to have some real friends, 'cause I never had that before,\" Steptoe says. \"We're all sharing something together 'cause we all get something out of everybody's story.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The potential of peer empowerment is not just anecdotal. Machtinger has \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1055329014000971\" target=\"_blank\">studied\u003c/a> the Medea Project's life-saving impact on his patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256844757&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/256844757'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Machtinger says the patients in the Medea Project followed by his research team went through an extraordinary transformation. Many who had barely disclosed their HIV status to anyone when they began, became activists and leaders in their communities, helping to destigmatize HIV while pursuing personal goals and leading productive lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For them to develop what they described as \"sisterhood\" was the most important and most profound type of healing that I ever witnessed,\" Machtinger says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He began seeking alternative methods to help his patients after increasingly noticing that a large proportion were successfully receiving antiretroviral treatment, but still dying from reasons that had \"nothing to do with HIV,\" such as murder, suicide or drug overdose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They could have their HIV under control, (but) their lives were not getting better,\" Machtinger says. \"That was because their core issue -- a life of trauma and the impacts of depression, isolation and shame -- wasn’t being effectively addressed. And to us, that's not acceptable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Machtinger's experience is reverberating beyond the Medea Project. He says witnessing and studying the impact of peer empowerment has helped inform a broader role. He is part of an advisory group helping to develop new guidelines for trauma-informed primary care for the federal Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidelines will likely include a substantial focus on interventions with peer empowerment as one ingredient to help people with severe trauma heal, says Machtinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The core elements of the Medea Project are really lessons for other interventions to help people overcome trauma and other stigmatizing situations and conditions,\" says Machtinger, adding that childhood and adult trauma have been linked to a variety of illnesses, such as hepatitis C, heart disease and diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He expects the new guidelines for primary care clinics and other health providers to be finalized and published later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Trauma at the Root of HIV Diagnosis\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe now realizes she was infected with HIV through unprotected sex and sharing needles. She used to be addicted to heroin and cocaine. During a decades-long period of her life, she was in and out of the criminal justice system. She worked as a prostitute and survived abusive relationships -- getting beat up so badly one time that she spent three months recovering at a hospital, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe says experiencing sexual abuse repeatedly as a child and teen led her on the path that eventually resulted in HIV infection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sexual abuse came from family,\" she says. \"And I guess I was kind of covering all that up by choosing the drugs. It kind of took me out there into the street, looking for love in the wrong places because I didn't have it at home. I started shooting drugs and that led into prostitution and to prison.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/03/20/trauma-fuels-hiv-epidemic-among-women/http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2012/03/20/trauma-fuels-hiv-epidemic-among-women/\">Recent studies\u003c/a> show that HIV-positive women suffer disproportionately from high rates of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder. The high rates of trauma also lead to increased risk of further spreading HIV, according to researchers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Transforming Her Life\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now Steptoe is busy and full of energy. She takes antiretroviral medication religiously every morning, eats a healthy diet and works out by taking Zumba fitness classes at her gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe, a mother of three and grandmother of nine has also taken full custody of her 8-year-old granddaughter, who frequently accompanies her to rehearsals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She teaches me how to love, and she gives me patience,\" says Steptoe, who also cares for other kids in her Mission apartment building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rhodessa Jones, the Medea Project's dynamic and energetic director, says Steptoe has flourished since she joined the organization, becoming a leader and inspiration to other women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She’s so powerful, positive and forceful. She gets it,\" says Jones, who founded Medea more than 23 years ago. \"Theater has really been expressive therapy for her. It gives her a space to speak her truth.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_164614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-164614\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/wp-content/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut.jpg\" alt='Performers at The Medea Project rehearse in San Francisco. Founder and director Rhodessa Jones, uses Greek, Roman and African mythology to introduce \"the universality of all of our stories.\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-400x267.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-1440x960.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/27/2016/03/RS18862_IMG_9445-qut-960x640.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Performers at The Medea Project rehearse in San Francisco. Founder and director Rhodessa Jones, uses Greek, Roman and African mythology to introduce \"the universality of all of our stories.\" \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Medea Project uses Greek, Roman and African mythology to introduce \"the universality of all of our stories,\" says Jones, who asked Steptoe to imagine going back in time to age 14 and write the lessons she would give herself. The result was Steptoe's piece \"Younger Self.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe wrote the piece, performed in January in San Francisco, about the moment in 1987 when she first found out she was HIV-positive. She was serving time in jail and received a health checkup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My world crashed. I didn't have no education of what I had, I didn't have no support,\" says Steptoe, adding that she considered her condition \"a death sentence\" at the time. \"I had to relive that again by writing this because I needed to heal.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'HIV is a Health Condition, Not a Crime'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After receiving the diagnosis, she remembers crying at night with a pillow over her head so others wouldn't hear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steptoe then kept her HIV status a secret for many years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, years later, the key for her to find and use her voice was becoming a part of The Medea Project, she says. The main motivation for telling her story? She wants to give hope to others, and help them feel they are not alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Now I can tell the world that HIV is just a health condition, not a crime,\" says Steptoe, who doesn't hesitate to share her story as a lead actress for Medea in front of audiences of hundreds of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't have shame around it no more,” Steptoe says. “I let my grandkids know that even if you go the wrong way, you can still turn your life around.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/166815/how-theater-helped-hiv-positive-grandmother-health-medea-project","authors":["8659"],"series":["stateofhealth_2363"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11","stateofhealth_13"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_313","stateofhealth_68","stateofhealth_2519"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_164616","label":"stateofhealth_2363"},"stateofhealth_163748":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_163748","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"163748","score":null,"sort":[1458776468000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"hip-hop-pioneer-phife-attention-to-diabetes","title":"Hip-Hop Pioneer Phife Brought Attention to Diabetes","publishDate":1458776468,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Rapper Phife Dawg, of the iconic group Tribe Called Quest, is continuing to raise awareness around diabetes in his death, as he did in life, throughout his music career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rapper’s family confirmed Wednesday that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2016/03/23/why-phife-mattered-remembering-hip-hops-relatable-mc/\" target=\"_blank\">Phife died at age 45\u003c/a> at his home near Antioch due to complications resulting from diabetes, sparking a wave of disease-related tributes on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Rest in peace and poetry, Phife Dawg. We will continue the fight against Diabetes in your honor. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/ofG6ATsq02\">pic.twitter.com/ofG6ATsq02\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Youth Speaks (@youthspeaks) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/youthspeaks/status/712686618096771072\">March 23, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“Rest in peace and poetry, Phife Dawg. We will continue the fight against Diabetes in your honor,” Youth Speaks posted on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phife, born Malik Taylor, was diagnosed with diabetes when he was 19. It was May 1990, just one month after Tribe released its first album. Phife later talked about his struggle with the disease in interviews, and even rapped about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. Energetic, who me sound pathetic?/When’s the last time you heard a funky diabetic?” he rhymed in Tribe’s 1993 song “\u003ca href=\"http://genius.com/A-tribe-called-quest-oh-my-god-lyrics\" target=\"_blank\">Oh My God\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, Phife told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/phife-dawgs-triumphal-return/Content?oid=2043994\" target=\"_blank\">East Bay Express\u003c/a> that he was working on a solo album, \"Songs in the Key of Phife,\" though it was never released. Reporter David MacFadden-Elliott got to hear a few samples in the IHOP parking lot after the interview, including a song about diabetes called “God Send.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“[It’s] a three-part song that turns from a smooth love joint into a warning from a doctor: 'You got to start dialysis.' The news ushers in a discordant, claustrophobic, pulsing beat that rocks, while voice-mail messages of support play for minutes on end. The song concludes with an emotional verse of thanks: \u003cem>If it wasn't for y'all/Who knows what would have happened?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It was a couple years after Phife’s initial diagnosis before he opened up about it, or even really took care of himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"TJXUTnoR8uufGFRG5wvhJikCbmLNY4hZ\"]His coming out was in a video interview on \u003ca href=\"http://www.dlife.com/dlifetv/video/phife-dawgs-dlife\" target=\"_blank\">dLife\u003c/a>, a website devoted to living with diabetes. He described finding out about his diagnosis. He was riding home from a concert in 1990 and kept asking the driver to pull over so he could go to the bathroom. He was really thirsty. When he got home, his grandmother, a nurse, did a test and confirmed he was diabetic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought it was over,” he told dLife. “I just automatically thought I was done rapping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went into denial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just an idiot,” he said. “I still thought I was everybody else -- Twinkies, Suzie Qs, potato chips -- junk food anonymous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1992, Tribe was on \"The David Letterman Show\" and then immediately had to go to another shoot for \"The Dennis Miller Show.\" Pfife's blood sugar count was almost in the thousands -- normal levels are between 70 and 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything was slow motion,” Phife described. “I couldn’t even do the show. I had to get hospitalized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even then, he still struggled to get enough exercise and eat right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d get on the diet. Wouldn’t stick to the diet. Get back on diet, wouldn’t stick to the diet,” he said. “And it just got to point where I had to be put on dialysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phife was eventually put on a waiting list for a kidney transplant, and received one from his wife in 2008. By 2013, he was back on dialysis and back on the transplant list. In an interview with \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/player/v2/mediaPlayer.html?action=1&t=1&islist=false&id=455764350&m=455936755\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a> earlier this year, he talked about waiting for another kidney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m doing fine,” he said. “I really, really can’t complain. I could. But I won’t because God is really, really a good God.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also had a message for other young people newly diagnosed with diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a game. You can lose your life because of this,” he said during the dLife interview. “You need to love yourself, love your life.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Rapper Phife Dawg, of the iconic group Tribe Called Quest, is continuing to raise awareness around diabetes in his death, as he did in life.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1458929617,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":715},"headData":{"title":"Hip-Hop Pioneer Phife Brought Attention to Diabetes | KQED","description":"Rapper Phife Dawg, of the iconic group Tribe Called Quest, is continuing to raise awareness around diabetes in his death, as he did in life.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Hip-Hop Pioneer Phife Brought Attention to Diabetes","datePublished":"2016-03-23T23:41:08.000Z","dateModified":"2016-03-25T18:13:37.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"163748 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=163748","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/03/23/hip-hop-pioneer-phife-attention-to-diabetes/","disqusTitle":"Hip-Hop Pioneer Phife Brought Attention to Diabetes","path":"/stateofhealth/163748/hip-hop-pioneer-phife-attention-to-diabetes","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Rapper Phife Dawg, of the iconic group Tribe Called Quest, is continuing to raise awareness around diabetes in his death, as he did in life, throughout his music career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rapper’s family confirmed Wednesday that \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2016/03/23/why-phife-mattered-remembering-hip-hops-relatable-mc/\" target=\"_blank\">Phife died at age 45\u003c/a> at his home near Antioch due to complications resulting from diabetes, sparking a wave of disease-related tributes on social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">Rest in peace and poetry, Phife Dawg. We will continue the fight against Diabetes in your honor. \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/ofG6ATsq02\">pic.twitter.com/ofG6ATsq02\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— Youth Speaks (@youthspeaks) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/youthspeaks/status/712686618096771072\">March 23, 2016\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“Rest in peace and poetry, Phife Dawg. We will continue the fight against Diabetes in your honor,” Youth Speaks posted on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phife, born Malik Taylor, was diagnosed with diabetes when he was 19. It was May 1990, just one month after Tribe released its first album. Phife later talked about his struggle with the disease in interviews, and even rapped about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Mr. Energetic, who me sound pathetic?/When’s the last time you heard a funky diabetic?” he rhymed in Tribe’s 1993 song “\u003ca href=\"http://genius.com/A-tribe-called-quest-oh-my-god-lyrics\" target=\"_blank\">Oh My God\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2010, Phife told the \u003ca href=\"http://www.eastbayexpress.com/oakland/phife-dawgs-triumphal-return/Content?oid=2043994\" target=\"_blank\">East Bay Express\u003c/a> that he was working on a solo album, \"Songs in the Key of Phife,\" though it was never released. Reporter David MacFadden-Elliott got to hear a few samples in the IHOP parking lot after the interview, including a song about diabetes called “God Send.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“[It’s] a three-part song that turns from a smooth love joint into a warning from a doctor: 'You got to start dialysis.' The news ushers in a discordant, claustrophobic, pulsing beat that rocks, while voice-mail messages of support play for minutes on end. The song concludes with an emotional verse of thanks: \u003cem>If it wasn't for y'all/Who knows what would have happened?”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>It was a couple years after Phife’s initial diagnosis before he opened up about it, or even really took care of himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>His coming out was in a video interview on \u003ca href=\"http://www.dlife.com/dlifetv/video/phife-dawgs-dlife\" target=\"_blank\">dLife\u003c/a>, a website devoted to living with diabetes. He described finding out about his diagnosis. He was riding home from a concert in 1990 and kept asking the driver to pull over so he could go to the bathroom. He was really thirsty. When he got home, his grandmother, a nurse, did a test and confirmed he was diabetic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought it was over,” he told dLife. “I just automatically thought I was done rapping.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went into denial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just an idiot,” he said. “I still thought I was everybody else -- Twinkies, Suzie Qs, potato chips -- junk food anonymous.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1992, Tribe was on \"The David Letterman Show\" and then immediately had to go to another shoot for \"The Dennis Miller Show.\" Pfife's blood sugar count was almost in the thousands -- normal levels are between 70 and 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything was slow motion,” Phife described. “I couldn’t even do the show. I had to get hospitalized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even then, he still struggled to get enough exercise and eat right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’d get on the diet. Wouldn’t stick to the diet. Get back on diet, wouldn’t stick to the diet,” he said. “And it just got to point where I had to be put on dialysis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phife was eventually put on a waiting list for a kidney transplant, and received one from his wife in 2008. By 2013, he was back on dialysis and back on the transplant list. In an interview with \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/player/v2/mediaPlayer.html?action=1&t=1&islist=false&id=455764350&m=455936755\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a> earlier this year, he talked about waiting for another kidney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m doing fine,” he said. “I really, really can’t complain. I could. But I won’t because God is really, really a good God.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he also had a message for other young people newly diagnosed with diabetes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a game. You can lose your life because of this,” he said during the dLife interview. “You need to love yourself, love your life.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/163748/hip-hop-pioneer-phife-attention-to-diabetes","authors":["3205"],"categories":["stateofhealth_11"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_118","stateofhealth_2519"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_163769","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_150183":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_150183","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"150183","score":null,"sort":[1455907961000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"health-reform-roils-downton-abbey","title":"Health Reform Roils Downton Abbey","publishDate":1455907961,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>This season, Downton Abbey has a new plot line that has health wonks on the edge of their seats: a heated debate about hospital consolidation that closely parallels what’s going on in the U.S. health care system today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re not a Downton fan (and even if you are), here’s a quick plot recap.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The royal Yorkshire county hospital wants to take over our little hospital, which is outrageous!'\u003ccite> Dowager Countess of Grantham \u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s 1925 for the lords and ladies at \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/downtonabbey/\" target=\"_blank\">Downton Abbey \u003c/a>— think flapper dresses, cocktail parties and women’s rights. A big hospital in the nearby city of York is making a play to take over the Downton Cottage Hospital next to the posh estate. Or as Maggie Smith’s character, the Dowager Countess of Grantham, sees it, “The royal Yorkshire county hospital wants to take over our little hospital, which is outrageous!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battle lines have been drawn between the Dowager Countess, who wants the hospital to stay a small community endeavor, and the rest of the family, which hopes the merger will turn the dinky open-ward affair into a first-rate modern medical institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health care historian Howard Markel, who runs the \u003ca href=\"http://chm.med.umich.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan\u003c/a>, said the conceit is actually fairly accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The 1920s really begins the golden age of medicine,” he explained. Before then, hospitals didn’t have much to offer in the way of treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were really based on old time 19th century medicine, and what that entails is basically nursing. You feed people, you make them comfortable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There weren’t many medications — no antibiotics, insulin or even intravenous fluids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the early 20th century, all sorts of new medical technologies came onto the scene — new ways to peer into the body, new medications and pathogen-free surgeries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To provide modern care, “you need X-ray machines of all kinds, you need a chemistry laboratory and you need special operating rooms,” said Markel, all of which cost much more than the gauze and broth of the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities started to build bigger, grander hospitals, which in turn started to absorb the smaller, old-fashioned hospitals in the surrounding towns and villages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those mergers did have some benefits for local populations. “If we form such a partnership, our patients would have more access to more modern equipment. To more advanced treatments,” Downton Abbey’s Lord Merton noted on the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of his real-life contemporaries agreed, making the golden age of medicine a heyday for hospital consolidation on both sides of the pond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, said Kathy McDonald, who directs the \u003ca href=\"http://healthpolicy.fsi.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Stanford University Center for Health Policy\u003c/a>, we appear to be in another Downton-like consolidation surge here in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been since about 2010 that there’s been sort of an uptick in terms of consolidations,” said McDonald. About 100 mergers and acquisitions occur each year right now, about twice as many as there were before 2010, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this time around, it’s not about technology — it’s about finances. Hospitals want to be part of larger networks to flex their muscles in negotiations for profitable contracts with insurers. And thanks to the Affordable Care Act, they are now often paid based on the quality and efficiency of the care they provide, rather than for each test or procedure. Actually tracking how good their quality is turns out to be very expensive. And it can be more economical to team up to manage care and track quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They might be providing perfectly good quality, but if they can’t prove it, then they’re not going to get paid as well,” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those mergers can have real consequences for communities, which may see a local hospital transform or even disappear entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just like on Downton Abbey, the local hospital is a resource that people care about. They employ people in a community and they take care of people,” said McDonald. So the debates continue, now as then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And true to form, the indomitable Dowager Countess tells us exactly what she thinks about all this so-called progress: “For years, I’ve watched governments take control of our lives and their argument is always the same: fewer costs, greater efficiency. But the result is the same too. Less control by the people, more control by the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So whose side are the experts on in this Downton debate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Personally I love Maggie Smith and have loved her since I was a young boy, so I’m on her side as a fan,” said Markel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he adds, the other side is probably right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald is also on the side of progress. But even for health care policy experts, it’s hard to argue against the Dowager Countess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are plenty of Downton fans who say the whole hospital plot line is kind of a snoozer. Maybe it’s no surprise — the wonks love it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Health care just matters to people, so even though we might not be paying attention to this plot line, we probably should,” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with an audience of nearly 10 million viewers this season, there’s a good chance at least a few people are.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Plenty of Downton fans think the hospital consolidation plot is a snoozer, but health policy wonks love the parallels to today.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1455909236,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":29,"wordCount":934},"headData":{"title":"Health Reform Roils Downton Abbey | KQED","description":"Plenty of Downton fans think the hospital consolidation plot is a snoozer, but health policy wonks love the parallels to today.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Health Reform Roils Downton Abbey","datePublished":"2016-02-19T18:52:41.000Z","dateModified":"2016-02-19T19:13:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"150183 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=150183","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2016/02/19/health-reform-roils-downton-abbey/","disqusTitle":"Health Reform Roils Downton Abbey","source":"California Healthline","nprByline":"Jenny Gold","path":"/stateofhealth/150183/health-reform-roils-downton-abbey","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This season, Downton Abbey has a new plot line that has health wonks on the edge of their seats: a heated debate about hospital consolidation that closely parallels what’s going on in the U.S. health care system today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re not a Downton fan (and even if you are), here’s a quick plot recap.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'The royal Yorkshire county hospital wants to take over our little hospital, which is outrageous!'\u003ccite> Dowager Countess of Grantham \u003c/cite>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>It’s 1925 for the lords and ladies at \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/masterpiece/downtonabbey/\" target=\"_blank\">Downton Abbey \u003c/a>— think flapper dresses, cocktail parties and women’s rights. A big hospital in the nearby city of York is making a play to take over the Downton Cottage Hospital next to the posh estate. Or as Maggie Smith’s character, the Dowager Countess of Grantham, sees it, “The royal Yorkshire county hospital wants to take over our little hospital, which is outrageous!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The battle lines have been drawn between the Dowager Countess, who wants the hospital to stay a small community endeavor, and the rest of the family, which hopes the merger will turn the dinky open-ward affair into a first-rate modern medical institution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Health care historian Howard Markel, who runs the \u003ca href=\"http://chm.med.umich.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Center for the History of Medicine at the University of Michigan\u003c/a>, said the conceit is actually fairly accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The 1920s really begins the golden age of medicine,” he explained. Before then, hospitals didn’t have much to offer in the way of treatment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were really based on old time 19th century medicine, and what that entails is basically nursing. You feed people, you make them comfortable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There weren’t many medications — no antibiotics, insulin or even intravenous fluids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the early 20th century, all sorts of new medical technologies came onto the scene — new ways to peer into the body, new medications and pathogen-free surgeries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To provide modern care, “you need X-ray machines of all kinds, you need a chemistry laboratory and you need special operating rooms,” said Markel, all of which cost much more than the gauze and broth of the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cities started to build bigger, grander hospitals, which in turn started to absorb the smaller, old-fashioned hospitals in the surrounding towns and villages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those mergers did have some benefits for local populations. “If we form such a partnership, our patients would have more access to more modern equipment. To more advanced treatments,” Downton Abbey’s Lord Merton noted on the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of his real-life contemporaries agreed, making the golden age of medicine a heyday for hospital consolidation on both sides of the pond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowadays, said Kathy McDonald, who directs the \u003ca href=\"http://healthpolicy.fsi.stanford.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">Stanford University Center for Health Policy\u003c/a>, we appear to be in another Downton-like consolidation surge here in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been since about 2010 that there’s been sort of an uptick in terms of consolidations,” said McDonald. About 100 mergers and acquisitions occur each year right now, about twice as many as there were before 2010, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this time around, it’s not about technology — it’s about finances. Hospitals want to be part of larger networks to flex their muscles in negotiations for profitable contracts with insurers. And thanks to the Affordable Care Act, they are now often paid based on the quality and efficiency of the care they provide, rather than for each test or procedure. Actually tracking how good their quality is turns out to be very expensive. And it can be more economical to team up to manage care and track quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They might be providing perfectly good quality, but if they can’t prove it, then they’re not going to get paid as well,” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those mergers can have real consequences for communities, which may see a local hospital transform or even disappear entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just like on Downton Abbey, the local hospital is a resource that people care about. They employ people in a community and they take care of people,” said McDonald. So the debates continue, now as then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And true to form, the indomitable Dowager Countess tells us exactly what she thinks about all this so-called progress: “For years, I’ve watched governments take control of our lives and their argument is always the same: fewer costs, greater efficiency. But the result is the same too. Less control by the people, more control by the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So whose side are the experts on in this Downton debate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Personally I love Maggie Smith and have loved her since I was a young boy, so I’m on her side as a fan,” said Markel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he adds, the other side is probably right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McDonald is also on the side of progress. But even for health care policy experts, it’s hard to argue against the Dowager Countess.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are plenty of Downton fans who say the whole hospital plot line is kind of a snoozer. Maybe it’s no surprise — the wonks love it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Health care just matters to people, so even though we might not be paying attention to this plot line, we probably should,” said McDonald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with an audience of nearly 10 million viewers this season, there’s a good chance at least a few people are.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/150183/health-reform-roils-downton-abbey","authors":["byline_stateofhealth_150183"],"categories":["stateofhealth_12"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_2519"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_150206","label":"source_stateofhealth_150183"},"stateofhealth_124747":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_124747","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"124747","score":null,"sort":[1450339328000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"fictionalized-abortion-on-tv-no-mirror-for-real-life","title":"Fictionalized Abortion on TV No Mirror for Real Life","publishDate":1450339328,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Characters on television who consider or obtain abortions don't reflect the demographics of American women who choose them or their reasons for doing so, according to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.contraceptionjournal.org/article/S0010-7824%2815%2900675-7/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">analysis\u003c/a> from researchers at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group looked at all depictions of abortion on U.S. television shows from 2005 to 2014. This included both network television shows and other distributors, including Netflix and Showtime. They found that women who had abortions were younger, whiter and better off financially than the average American woman who has an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not that these portrayals are inaccurate. They're going to represent someone's reality,\" said Gretchen Sisson, Ph.D., a research sociologist with the UCSF research group Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health. \"But in aggregate, they're not reflecting what's really happening in the real world. So what we would like to see is a greater diversity of stories told on television\" about women who seek abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abortion is a common procedure in the United States. About \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/fb_induced_abortion.html\" target=\"_blank\">a million were performed in 2011,\u003c/a> the most recent year for which statistics were available. Three in 10 women have an abortion by age 45.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/237914010\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, about a third of the television characters having abortions were under age 20, about a third in their 20s and about a third in their 30s. In reality, nearly 60 percent of women who have abortions are in their 20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly nine in 10 of the fictional characters were white, versus 36 percent in real life. About 30 percent of American women who choose abortions are black and about 25 percent are Latino. Fictional characters were far less likely to be parents -- about 15 percent versus more than 60 percent in real life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All these factors work together,\" Sisson said, \"to build an interesting social myth, which is that women who get abortions aren't mothers and they don't want to be mothers. Where we know that the majority of women getting abortions are already parenting and the vast majority intend to parent during their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the demographics, dramatic depictions of the reasons for abortion were also not reflective of the reasons real women obtain the procedure. Women on television tended to say they were choosing abortion because having a child would interfere with educational or career plans, what Sisson called \"self-focused\" reasons. In reality, women in real life tend to cite \"other-focused\" reasons. In particular, women will often cite a need to take care of the children they have or that they can't afford another child, Sisson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Taken together, this pattern of reasons can contribute to the construction of abortion as a self-focused decision, and to the belief that abortions are 'wanted' because of personal desires rather than 'needed' because of circumstances such as poverty,\" the researchers wrote about the television characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 40 percent of U.S. women who have abortions are below the federal poverty level, the researchers noted, but on television, 82 percent of characters having abortions were upper or middle class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sisson said that abortion is a \"stigmatized procedure\" that few people discuss openly. \"So very few people have a context for the reality of abortion care ... so these fictional stories that happen on screen can have greater power to influence perceptions of what that care looks like in real life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cites the fictional character of Claire Underwood, deftly played by Robin Wright in the Emmy-winning \u003cem>House of Cards, \u003c/em>as one example that could mislead viewers about abortion. The affluent character \"lies about the number of and reasons for her abortions, and she has the abortions because she does not want children,\" Sisson points out. \"Additionally, her doctor implies that multiple abortions might lead to infertility — which they don't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depictions that are demographically more realistic, at least in some ways, may have other flaws, Sisson says, but they add some complexity as far as representation of the different kinds of women who choose abortion, and their motivation. Among these, she cites \u003cem>Shameless\u003c/em>, where one character has an abortion because she can't afford a child, or \u003cem>Grey's Anatomy\u003c/em>, which depicts a woman of color in her 30s choosing abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In particular, the researchers found that the death rate for women on television who had abortions was about 10 percent. In reality, the actual death rate is merely a fraction of that, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6108a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\">0.0015 percent according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>, more than a 6,000-fold difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the study did not look at audience impact -- that analysis is coming, Sisson said -- she theorized that depictions of women choosing abortion may influence policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's easy to postulate,\" she said, \"if you see a lot of stories where women are changing their mind in the waiting room, then public policies such as waiting periods might make sense. ... If you see a lot of teenagers getting abortion on television, then policies such as parental consent or parental notification laws might make sense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the analysis of audience impact, Sisson said a review in the coming months will look at television depictions of abortion providers.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Women on TV are younger, whiter and better off, compared with American women who obtain the procedure.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450731198,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":902},"headData":{"title":"Fictionalized Abortion on TV No Mirror for Real Life | KQED","description":"Women on TV are younger, whiter and better off, compared with American women who obtain the procedure.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Fictionalized Abortion on TV No Mirror for Real Life","datePublished":"2015-12-17T08:02:08.000Z","dateModified":"2015-12-21T20:53:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"124747 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=124747","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/12/17/fictionalized-abortion-on-tv-no-mirror-for-real-life/","disqusTitle":"Fictionalized Abortion on TV No Mirror for Real Life","path":"/stateofhealth/124747/fictionalized-abortion-on-tv-no-mirror-for-real-life","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Characters on television who consider or obtain abortions don't reflect the demographics of American women who choose them or their reasons for doing so, according to an \u003ca href=\"http://www.contraceptionjournal.org/article/S0010-7824%2815%2900675-7/abstract\" target=\"_blank\">analysis\u003c/a> from researchers at UC San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group looked at all depictions of abortion on U.S. television shows from 2005 to 2014. This included both network television shows and other distributors, including Netflix and Showtime. They found that women who had abortions were younger, whiter and better off financially than the average American woman who has an abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not that these portrayals are inaccurate. They're going to represent someone's reality,\" said Gretchen Sisson, Ph.D., a research sociologist with the UCSF research group Advancing New Standards in Reproductive Health. \"But in aggregate, they're not reflecting what's really happening in the real world. So what we would like to see is a greater diversity of stories told on television\" about women who seek abortions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Abortion is a common procedure in the United States. About \u003ca href=\"https://www.guttmacher.org/pubs/fb_induced_abortion.html\" target=\"_blank\">a million were performed in 2011,\u003c/a> the most recent year for which statistics were available. Three in 10 women have an abortion by age 45.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/237914010&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/237914010'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Specifically, about a third of the television characters having abortions were under age 20, about a third in their 20s and about a third in their 30s. In reality, nearly 60 percent of women who have abortions are in their 20s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly nine in 10 of the fictional characters were white, versus 36 percent in real life. About 30 percent of American women who choose abortions are black and about 25 percent are Latino. Fictional characters were far less likely to be parents -- about 15 percent versus more than 60 percent in real life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"All these factors work together,\" Sisson said, \"to build an interesting social myth, which is that women who get abortions aren't mothers and they don't want to be mothers. Where we know that the majority of women getting abortions are already parenting and the vast majority intend to parent during their lives.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the demographics, dramatic depictions of the reasons for abortion were also not reflective of the reasons real women obtain the procedure. Women on television tended to say they were choosing abortion because having a child would interfere with educational or career plans, what Sisson called \"self-focused\" reasons. In reality, women in real life tend to cite \"other-focused\" reasons. In particular, women will often cite a need to take care of the children they have or that they can't afford another child, Sisson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Taken together, this pattern of reasons can contribute to the construction of abortion as a self-focused decision, and to the belief that abortions are 'wanted' because of personal desires rather than 'needed' because of circumstances such as poverty,\" the researchers wrote about the television characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over 40 percent of U.S. women who have abortions are below the federal poverty level, the researchers noted, but on television, 82 percent of characters having abortions were upper or middle class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sisson said that abortion is a \"stigmatized procedure\" that few people discuss openly. \"So very few people have a context for the reality of abortion care ... so these fictional stories that happen on screen can have greater power to influence perceptions of what that care looks like in real life.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She cites the fictional character of Claire Underwood, deftly played by Robin Wright in the Emmy-winning \u003cem>House of Cards, \u003c/em>as one example that could mislead viewers about abortion. The affluent character \"lies about the number of and reasons for her abortions, and she has the abortions because she does not want children,\" Sisson points out. \"Additionally, her doctor implies that multiple abortions might lead to infertility — which they don't.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depictions that are demographically more realistic, at least in some ways, may have other flaws, Sisson says, but they add some complexity as far as representation of the different kinds of women who choose abortion, and their motivation. Among these, she cites \u003cem>Shameless\u003c/em>, where one character has an abortion because she can't afford a child, or \u003cem>Grey's Anatomy\u003c/em>, which depicts a woman of color in her 30s choosing abortion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In particular, the researchers found that the death rate for women on television who had abortions was about 10 percent. In reality, the actual death rate is merely a fraction of that, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6108a1.htm\" target=\"_blank\">0.0015 percent according to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003c/a>, more than a 6,000-fold difference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the study did not look at audience impact -- that analysis is coming, Sisson said -- she theorized that depictions of women choosing abortion may influence policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's easy to postulate,\" she said, \"if you see a lot of stories where women are changing their mind in the waiting room, then public policies such as waiting periods might make sense. ... If you see a lot of teenagers getting abortion on television, then policies such as parental consent or parental notification laws might make sense.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the analysis of audience impact, Sisson said a review in the coming months will look at television depictions of abortion providers.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/124747/fictionalized-abortion-on-tv-no-mirror-for-real-life","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_13"],"tags":["stateofhealth_160","stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_2519","stateofhealth_397"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_124835","label":"stateofhealth"},"stateofhealth_113500":{"type":"posts","id":"stateofhealth_113500","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"stateofhealth","id":"113500","score":null,"sort":[1448477810000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sophie-and-ben-a-story-of-filmmaker-and-son-with-autism-video","title":"Sophie and Ben: A Story of Filmmaker and Son with Autism (Video)","publishDate":1448477810,"format":"video","headTitle":"State of Health | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"stateofhealth"},"content":"\u003cp>Sophie Sartain had long worked in documentary filmmaking as a writer and editor. For her first film as a director, she turned the camera on her own family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2009, she began filming her grandmother Mimi, then 92, who had cared for Sartain's aunt, Dona, for decades. Dona has an intellectual disability and \"perhaps some undiagnosed autism,\" Sartain says. From there the film \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/mimi-and-dona/\" target=\"_blank\">Mimi and Dona\u003c/a>\u003c/em> was born. It was released earlier this week on PBS' \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/mimi-and-dona/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>Independent Lens\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sartain's grandmother was a \"wonderful moving presence\" who selflessly devoted herself to caring for her daughter. \"Could I be like that?\" Sartain wondered. \"I'm not that good, I'm not that unselfish. How could I measure up to Mimi?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But soon she would discover how her own path would overlap with that of her grandmother. \"It was during filming that I started to fear my own son might have autism,\" Sartain says. \"And I wondered if I was just beginning a journey that Mimi had just ended.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her son Ben was diagnosed with autism. Sartain says she saw how her grandmother could be a role model for her and created this second, shorter, documentary, \u003cem>Sophie and Ben\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mimi and Dona\u003ca href=\"http://video.pbs.org/video/2365601272/\" target=\"_blank\"> is streaming online through Dec. 23, 2015.\u003c/a> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can learn more about the film and filmmaker Sophie Sartain by visiting \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/mimi-and-dona/\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Lens\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As Sophie Sartain was producing a film about her 92-year-old grandmother's devotion to her aunt with an intellectual disability, her own son was diagnosed with autism.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1448480752,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":228},"headData":{"title":"Sophie and Ben: A Story of Filmmaker and Son with Autism (Video) | KQED","description":"As Sophie Sartain was producing a film about her 92-year-old grandmother's devotion to her aunt with an intellectual disability, her own son was diagnosed with autism.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Sophie and Ben: A Story of Filmmaker and Son with Autism (Video)","datePublished":"2015-11-25T18:56:50.000Z","dateModified":"2015-11-25T19:45:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"113500 http://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/?p=113500","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2015/11/25/sophie-and-ben-a-story-of-filmmaker-and-son-with-autism-video/","disqusTitle":"Sophie and Ben: A Story of Filmmaker and Son with Autism (Video)","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DOCh2nr7A64","path":"/stateofhealth/113500/sophie-and-ben-a-story-of-filmmaker-and-son-with-autism-video","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sophie Sartain had long worked in documentary filmmaking as a writer and editor. For her first film as a director, she turned the camera on her own family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in 2009, she began filming her grandmother Mimi, then 92, who had cared for Sartain's aunt, Dona, for decades. Dona has an intellectual disability and \"perhaps some undiagnosed autism,\" Sartain says. From there the film \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/mimi-and-dona/\" target=\"_blank\">Mimi and Dona\u003c/a>\u003c/em> was born. It was released earlier this week on PBS' \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/mimi-and-dona/\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cem>Independent Lens\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sartain's grandmother was a \"wonderful moving presence\" who selflessly devoted herself to caring for her daughter. \"Could I be like that?\" Sartain wondered. \"I'm not that good, I'm not that unselfish. How could I measure up to Mimi?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But soon she would discover how her own path would overlap with that of her grandmother. \"It was during filming that I started to fear my own son might have autism,\" Sartain says. \"And I wondered if I was just beginning a journey that Mimi had just ended.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her son Ben was diagnosed with autism. Sartain says she saw how her grandmother could be a role model for her and created this second, shorter, documentary, \u003cem>Sophie and Ben\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mimi and Dona\u003ca href=\"http://video.pbs.org/video/2365601272/\" target=\"_blank\"> is streaming online through Dec. 23, 2015.\u003c/a> \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can learn more about the film and filmmaker Sophie Sartain by visiting \u003ca href=\"http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/films/mimi-and-dona/\" target=\"_blank\">Independent Lens\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/stateofhealth/113500/sophie-and-ben-a-story-of-filmmaker-and-son-with-autism-video","authors":["240"],"categories":["stateofhealth_12"],"tags":["stateofhealth_2598","stateofhealth_155","stateofhealth_2519"],"featImg":"stateofhealth_113856","label":"stateofhealth"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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