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New technology to analyze and automate coffee brewing helps anyone bring reproducibility to his or her morning coffee routine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The perfect cup of coffee can be quantified in terms of its strength, also called total dissolved solids, and the percent of flavors extracted from the beans during brewing. Let’s get technical about the numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the 1960s, Ernest E. Lockhart, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, made pots of coffee with varying strengths and degrees of extraction. Then he asked people which brew they preferred. From that survey, and another follow-up by the Specialty Coffee Association of America, numerical standards emerged to describe the perfect cup of coffee: a brew with 1.15-1.35% dissolved solids and 18-22% of the possible flavors extracted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can measure these numbers for your coffee at home. A handheld device called a \u003ca href=\"http://store.vstapps.com/products/vst-coffee-espresso-refractometer\">refractometer\u003c/a> shines light through a droplet of coffee, measuring how much the light waves bend as they travel through the liquid. The amount of dissolved solids in the coffee – including sugars, acids, and flavors from the coffee as well as the minerals in the water -- affect how much the light bends, and thus the reading on the device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33368\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/04/04/coffee-flavor-by-the-numbers/refractometer/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33368\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33368\" title=\"refractometer\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/refractometer-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"coffee refractometer\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Refractometers for measuring dissolved solids in coffee and espresso. Image credit: Flickr/ \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/coffeegeek/4371881460/\" target=\"_blank\">Coffee Geek\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Enter that percentage of dissolved solids from the refractometer, as well as the weight of water and beans you used, into an iPhone app called \u003ca href=\"http://vstapps.com/mojotogo/\">MoJoToGo\u003c/a> to calculate the extraction percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/5642561/seeking-mojo-chasing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee-through-science\">article for Gizmodo\u003c/a>, Matt Buchanan describes his quest to brew a cup of coffee with the extraction percentage sweet spot of 19%:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"I tear through a $16.50 one-pound bag of coffee in about three days, making coffee over and over again, seeking the mythical number 19. I use a version of the French Press technique from Everything But Espresso. Start the kettle. Weigh the beans. Grind the beans. Wait for the water to reach 206 degrees. Pour 400g of the heated water onto the grounds. Start the timer. Pat the coffee bloom. Dunk the coffee bloom. Wait 4-5 minutes. Plunge. Pour. Check result in MoJoToGo. Curse.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most frustrating part isn't the resulting Ahab-like hunt for the ever-elusive 19 percent. It's the revelation of how imprecise my methods are. The 18.3 percent cup that sends me into a delirious orbit before I even taste it is quickly followed by one that measures 16 percent (and tastes like it). I'm all over the map. It drives me insane. And to Amazon, to buy more precise equipment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brewing the perfect cup of coffee by hand is messy, imprecise and frustrating. And again technology comes to the rescue. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.bunnathome.com/products/trifecta\">Trifecta MB\u003c/a>, a new machine made by Bunn, brings reproducibility to coffee brewing, one cup at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the home version of a commercial machine with 10 programmable functions, including water temperature, brew time and the amount of stirring with air bubbles, to precisely control brew conditions to highlight the best flavors in the beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/W088M9RVlkU\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://portolacoffeelab.com/\">Portola Coffee Lab\u003c/a> in Costa Mesa, CA has several Trifectas in the shop. Owner Jeff Duggan writes on the \u003ca href=\"http://portolacoffeelab.wordpress.com\">shop blog\u003c/a> that he typically spends hours developing a unique brewing program for a new coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This machine has become the clearest example of our brewing standards,\" he \u003ca href=\"http://portolacoffeelab.wordpress.com/2011/10/19/there-is-a-reason-for-everything-part-4/\">writes\u003c/a>. “It uses technology to put us more in touch with coffee rather than neuter it and make it into a new version of a vending machine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armed with Portola’s program, a bag of their beans and your own Trifecta, you could brew coffee at home that tastes just like what they brew in the shop. Some roasters post \u003ca href=\"http://www.trifectaexperience.com/ShareRecipes.aspx\">their optimized programs\u003c/a> on Trifecta's website so anyone can brew a tasty batch of their coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technology advances the artistry of coffee, for what really matters is \u003cem>taste\u003c/em>. Gadgets, apps and machines help coffee connoisseurs find conditions that brew the best coffee according to their tastebuds, whatever that extraction percentage or brew time may be.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Technology helps home coffee drinkers analyze and automate their morning brew so that everyone can brew the same artisanal cup of coffee each day.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1475173406,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.youtube.com/embed/W088M9RVlkU"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":17,"wordCount":697},"headData":{"title":"Coffee Flavor By the Numbers | KQED","description":"Technology helps home coffee drinkers analyze and automate their morning brew so that everyone can brew the same artisanal cup of coffee each day.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Coffee Flavor By the Numbers","datePublished":"2012-04-04T16:00:14.000Z","dateModified":"2016-09-29T18:23:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"33289 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=33289","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/04/04/coffee-flavor-by-the-numbers/","disqusTitle":"Coffee Flavor By the Numbers","path":"/quest/33289/coffee-flavor-by-the-numbers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s practically impossible to brew the same cup of coffee each day. New technology to analyze and automate coffee brewing helps anyone bring reproducibility to his or her morning coffee routine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The perfect cup of coffee can be quantified in terms of its strength, also called total dissolved solids, and the percent of flavors extracted from the beans during brewing. Let’s get technical about the numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the 1960s, Ernest E. Lockhart, a researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, made pots of coffee with varying strengths and degrees of extraction. Then he asked people which brew they preferred. From that survey, and another follow-up by the Specialty Coffee Association of America, numerical standards emerged to describe the perfect cup of coffee: a brew with 1.15-1.35% dissolved solids and 18-22% of the possible flavors extracted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can measure these numbers for your coffee at home. A handheld device called a \u003ca href=\"http://store.vstapps.com/products/vst-coffee-espresso-refractometer\">refractometer\u003c/a> shines light through a droplet of coffee, measuring how much the light waves bend as they travel through the liquid. The amount of dissolved solids in the coffee – including sugars, acids, and flavors from the coffee as well as the minerals in the water -- affect how much the light bends, and thus the reading on the device.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33368\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/04/04/coffee-flavor-by-the-numbers/refractometer/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33368\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33368\" title=\"refractometer\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/refractometer-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"coffee refractometer\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Refractometers for measuring dissolved solids in coffee and espresso. Image credit: Flickr/ \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/coffeegeek/4371881460/\" target=\"_blank\">Coffee Geek\u003c/a>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Enter that percentage of dissolved solids from the refractometer, as well as the weight of water and beans you used, into an iPhone app called \u003ca href=\"http://vstapps.com/mojotogo/\">MoJoToGo\u003c/a> to calculate the extraction percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"http://gizmodo.com/5642561/seeking-mojo-chasing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee-through-science\">article for Gizmodo\u003c/a>, Matt Buchanan describes his quest to brew a cup of coffee with the extraction percentage sweet spot of 19%:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\"I tear through a $16.50 one-pound bag of coffee in about three days, making coffee over and over again, seeking the mythical number 19. I use a version of the French Press technique from Everything But Espresso. Start the kettle. Weigh the beans. Grind the beans. Wait for the water to reach 206 degrees. Pour 400g of the heated water onto the grounds. Start the timer. Pat the coffee bloom. Dunk the coffee bloom. Wait 4-5 minutes. Plunge. Pour. Check result in MoJoToGo. Curse.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most frustrating part isn't the resulting Ahab-like hunt for the ever-elusive 19 percent. It's the revelation of how imprecise my methods are. The 18.3 percent cup that sends me into a delirious orbit before I even taste it is quickly followed by one that measures 16 percent (and tastes like it). I'm all over the map. It drives me insane. And to Amazon, to buy more precise equipment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brewing the perfect cup of coffee by hand is messy, imprecise and frustrating. And again technology comes to the rescue. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.bunnathome.com/products/trifecta\">Trifecta MB\u003c/a>, a new machine made by Bunn, brings reproducibility to coffee brewing, one cup at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the home version of a commercial machine with 10 programmable functions, including water temperature, brew time and the amount of stirring with air bubbles, to precisely control brew conditions to highlight the best flavors in the beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe width=\"560\" height=\"315\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/W088M9RVlkU\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://portolacoffeelab.com/\">Portola Coffee Lab\u003c/a> in Costa Mesa, CA has several Trifectas in the shop. Owner Jeff Duggan writes on the \u003ca href=\"http://portolacoffeelab.wordpress.com\">shop blog\u003c/a> that he typically spends hours developing a unique brewing program for a new coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This machine has become the clearest example of our brewing standards,\" he \u003ca href=\"http://portolacoffeelab.wordpress.com/2011/10/19/there-is-a-reason-for-everything-part-4/\">writes\u003c/a>. “It uses technology to put us more in touch with coffee rather than neuter it and make it into a new version of a vending machine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armed with Portola’s program, a bag of their beans and your own Trifecta, you could brew coffee at home that tastes just like what they brew in the shop. Some roasters post \u003ca href=\"http://www.trifectaexperience.com/ShareRecipes.aspx\">their optimized programs\u003c/a> on Trifecta's website so anyone can brew a tasty batch of their coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Technology advances the artistry of coffee, for what really matters is \u003cem>taste\u003c/em>. Gadgets, apps and machines help coffee connoisseurs find conditions that brew the best coffee according to their tastebuds, whatever that extraction percentage or brew time may be.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/33289/coffee-flavor-by-the-numbers","authors":["10331"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_8","quest_3229"],"tags":["quest_10845","quest_643","quest_10847","quest_10846","quest_3351","quest_2349","quest_13"],"collections":["quest_3354"],"featImg":"quest_33296","label":"quest_3354"},"quest_33262":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_33262","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"33262","score":null,"sort":[1332345655000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee","title":"Brewing the Perfect Cup of Coffee","publishDate":1332345655,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"term":3354,"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/coffee-beans/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33303\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/coffee-beans-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"coffee and beans\" title=\"coffee beans\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33303\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were many shaky hands at a \u003ca href=\"http://usbaristachampionship.org/?p=southwest\"> regional coffee competition\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz one weekend in early March, though it was hard to tell if the tremors were due to nerves or just the free-flowing coffee at the tasting bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baristas from Colorado to Hawaii competed to earn a trip to the national championship in April. Brewer’s Cup participants, mostly from California, brewed a mystery coffee, tweaking their favorite brewing method to bring out the best flavors of that coffee. Winners from the first round used their own beans to brew in the finals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the brewing finalists’ \u003ca href=\"http://sprudge.com/sw-brewers-cup-methods-and-madness.html\">recipes show\u003c/a>, making the perfect cup of coffee is not as simple as adding hot water to ground coffee beans. The grind size, water temperature and brewing method can change the flavor. Coffee connoisseurs delight in controlling every detail. And even the corporate coffee giant Starbucks is experimenting with brewing. They’ve just opened a \u003ca href=\"http://www.psfk.com/2012/03/starbucks-worlds-first-coffee-laboratory-opens-in-amsterdam.html\">brewing “laboratory”\u003c/a> in Amsterdam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We describe an ideal cup of coffee in terms of its strength, aroma, flavor, acidity, and finish. Coffee enthusiasts quantify those descriptions as the concentration of coffee compounds in the final brew and the amount of flavor extracted from the beans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33345\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 270px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/peter-beans-better/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33345\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/peter-beans-better-270x360.jpg\" alt=\"Brewing coffee in SouthWest Regional Barista Championship\" title=\"peter beans better\" width=\"270\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignright size-large wp-image-33345\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peter Molignano, of Fortnight Coffee Company in Los Angeles, competes in the Brewer's Cup of the South West Regional Barista Championship, Santa Cruz, CA, March 9, 2012. Image credit: Melissae Fellet\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are 2000 different flavor and aroma compounds in roasted coffee beans. Only a fraction of those flavors dissolve in hot water, and even fewer are palatable. A cup of coffee brewed to full extraction is bitter and undrinkable. So brewers aim to pull the sweet and complex flavors from the grinds before the beans leach their bitter compounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reaching that extraction sweet spot depends on several factors, including the ratio of water to beans by weight. (Notice that all the winning recipes from the competition specify water and bean weight.) The size of coffee grounds and the brew time matter too. If your coffee is weak, grinding the beans finer increases the surface area of the grounds exposed to the hot water and thus increases the amount of flavors extracted. But watch the clock once the hot water hits the grounds. Brew any pot too long and those bitter flavors seep out from the beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water temperature is another way to control the flavor of coffee. Water warmed to 195-205 degrees Fahrenheit is best, says Lalo Perez-Varona, an independent coffee researcher from San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coffee associations around the world recommend \u003ca href=\"http://vstapps.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Rao-Everything-cover-mockup4.pdf\"> numerical standards\u003c/a> that label the perfect cup of coffee in terms of the percentage of extracted flavors, but ultimately individual taste preferences determine excellence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a tasty cup of joe, pick beans with flavors that you like, use your favorite brewing method, and troubleshoot using this chart, changing one factor at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/slide1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-34343\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Slide1.jpg\" alt=\"Factors influencing coffee flavor\" title=\"Slide1\" width=\"548\" height=\"411\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-34343\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Slide1.jpg 548w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Slide1-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Melissae Fellet\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brewing method influences the flavor of the coffee too. Completely immersing the coffee in hot water, as in a French press, tend to brew coffee with more sweetness and body, says Perez-Varona. Paper filters trap some of the oils and solids, clarifying the flavors in the coffee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brewing with a siphon, also called a vacuum pot, gives you excellent temperature control due to the consistent heat source underneath the pot. This process is beautiful to watch:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[youtube=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWduH2DJ7Ms]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think a person's preferred brewing method is a chance to infuse their coffee with some personality and flair. Peter Molignano, of Fortnight Coffee Company in Los Angeles, brought his handmade wooden siphon holders to the competition in Santa Cruz. He warmed the upper part of the siphon with halogen lightbulbs mounted in a matching wooden box. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From precision analysis to the ritual of brewing, a cup of coffee is a union of science and art. Because my morning routine doesn’t leave time for experimenting with water temperature, brew time, grind size, and water and bean amounts, I’ll leave the science – and the art -- to the experts at my \u003ca href=\"http://www.vervecoffeeroasters.com/\">favorite local coffee shop\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> UPDATE 4/2/12: The underextraction-overextraction chart has been updated. The original picture had the last entries for the water to coffee mixtures switched.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> UPDATE 3/22/12: The optimal water temperature for brewing coffee was originally reported as 192-203 degrees Fahrenheit. It has been changed to 195-205F.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The science of brewing coffee includes scales, thermometers and trained taste buds. And like any good experiment, it requires a bit of flair too.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1334940495,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":744},"headData":{"title":"Brewing the Perfect Cup of Coffee | KQED","description":"The science of brewing coffee includes scales, thermometers and trained taste buds. And like any good experiment, it requires a bit of flair too.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Brewing the Perfect Cup of Coffee","datePublished":"2012-03-21T16:00:55.000Z","dateModified":"2012-04-20T16:48:15.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"33262 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=33262","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/","disqusTitle":"Brewing the Perfect Cup of Coffee","path":"/quest/33262/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/coffee-beans/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33303\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/coffee-beans-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"coffee and beans\" title=\"coffee beans\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-33303\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were many shaky hands at a \u003ca href=\"http://usbaristachampionship.org/?p=southwest\"> regional coffee competition\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz one weekend in early March, though it was hard to tell if the tremors were due to nerves or just the free-flowing coffee at the tasting bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baristas from Colorado to Hawaii competed to earn a trip to the national championship in April. Brewer’s Cup participants, mostly from California, brewed a mystery coffee, tweaking their favorite brewing method to bring out the best flavors of that coffee. Winners from the first round used their own beans to brew in the finals. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the brewing finalists’ \u003ca href=\"http://sprudge.com/sw-brewers-cup-methods-and-madness.html\">recipes show\u003c/a>, making the perfect cup of coffee is not as simple as adding hot water to ground coffee beans. The grind size, water temperature and brewing method can change the flavor. Coffee connoisseurs delight in controlling every detail. And even the corporate coffee giant Starbucks is experimenting with brewing. They’ve just opened a \u003ca href=\"http://www.psfk.com/2012/03/starbucks-worlds-first-coffee-laboratory-opens-in-amsterdam.html\">brewing “laboratory”\u003c/a> in Amsterdam. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We describe an ideal cup of coffee in terms of its strength, aroma, flavor, acidity, and finish. Coffee enthusiasts quantify those descriptions as the concentration of coffee compounds in the final brew and the amount of flavor extracted from the beans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33345\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 270px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/peter-beans-better/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-33345\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/peter-beans-better-270x360.jpg\" alt=\"Brewing coffee in SouthWest Regional Barista Championship\" title=\"peter beans better\" width=\"270\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignright size-large wp-image-33345\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peter Molignano, of Fortnight Coffee Company in Los Angeles, competes in the Brewer's Cup of the South West Regional Barista Championship, Santa Cruz, CA, March 9, 2012. Image credit: Melissae Fellet\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>There are 2000 different flavor and aroma compounds in roasted coffee beans. Only a fraction of those flavors dissolve in hot water, and even fewer are palatable. A cup of coffee brewed to full extraction is bitter and undrinkable. So brewers aim to pull the sweet and complex flavors from the grinds before the beans leach their bitter compounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reaching that extraction sweet spot depends on several factors, including the ratio of water to beans by weight. (Notice that all the winning recipes from the competition specify water and bean weight.) The size of coffee grounds and the brew time matter too. If your coffee is weak, grinding the beans finer increases the surface area of the grounds exposed to the hot water and thus increases the amount of flavors extracted. But watch the clock once the hot water hits the grounds. Brew any pot too long and those bitter flavors seep out from the beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water temperature is another way to control the flavor of coffee. Water warmed to 195-205 degrees Fahrenheit is best, says Lalo Perez-Varona, an independent coffee researcher from San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coffee associations around the world recommend \u003ca href=\"http://vstapps.com/blog/wp-content/uploads/2010/02/Rao-Everything-cover-mockup4.pdf\"> numerical standards\u003c/a> that label the perfect cup of coffee in terms of the percentage of extracted flavors, but ultimately individual taste preferences determine excellence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a tasty cup of joe, pick beans with flavors that you like, use your favorite brewing method, and troubleshoot using this chart, changing one factor at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_33266\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/03/21/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee/slide1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-34343\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Slide1.jpg\" alt=\"Factors influencing coffee flavor\" title=\"Slide1\" width=\"548\" height=\"411\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-34343\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Slide1.jpg 548w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/03/Slide1-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 548px) 100vw, 548px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Image credit: Melissae Fellet\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brewing method influences the flavor of the coffee too. Completely immersing the coffee in hot water, as in a French press, tend to brew coffee with more sweetness and body, says Perez-Varona. Paper filters trap some of the oils and solids, clarifying the flavors in the coffee. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brewing with a siphon, also called a vacuum pot, gives you excellent temperature control due to the consistent heat source underneath the pot. This process is beautiful to watch:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/DWduH2DJ7Ms'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/DWduH2DJ7Ms'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think a person's preferred brewing method is a chance to infuse their coffee with some personality and flair. Peter Molignano, of Fortnight Coffee Company in Los Angeles, brought his handmade wooden siphon holders to the competition in Santa Cruz. He warmed the upper part of the siphon with halogen lightbulbs mounted in a matching wooden box. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From precision analysis to the ritual of brewing, a cup of coffee is a union of science and art. Because my morning routine doesn’t leave time for experimenting with water temperature, brew time, grind size, and water and bean amounts, I’ll leave the science – and the art -- to the experts at my \u003ca href=\"http://www.vervecoffeeroasters.com/\">favorite local coffee shop\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem> UPDATE 4/2/12: The underextraction-overextraction chart has been updated. The original picture had the last entries for the water to coffee mixtures switched.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem> UPDATE 3/22/12: The optimal water temperature for brewing coffee was originally reported as 192-203 degrees Fahrenheit. It has been changed to 195-205F.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/33262/brewing-the-perfect-cup-of-coffee","authors":["10331"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_3229"],"tags":["quest_10845","quest_643","quest_10846","quest_3351","quest_2349","quest_13202"],"collections":["quest_3354"],"featImg":"quest_33303","label":"quest_3354"},"quest_2629":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_2629","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"2629","score":null,"sort":[1243623190000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"2-top-kitchen-appliance-energy-myths-de-bunked","title":"2 Top Kitchen Appliance Energy Myths De-bunked","publishDate":1243623190,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/05/kitchen_ronan_tlv.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Who's more energy efficient with the dishes-- you or your dishwasher? Image: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/ronan_tlv/\">Ronan_tlv\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>A microwave oven is the most efficient way to heat water for a cup of tea, hot chocolate, or coffee. True or False?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now as a regular morning coffee drinker who uses a kettle and a gas stove to heat water for coffee (not instant-- yuk! I use a coffee filter cone and PEET's coffee, of course) instead of the microwave, since our microwave is an old piece of inefficient junk that takes forever to heat water, I thought that buying a new microwave would make me a more energy efficient coffee drinker. But I was wrong!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Mitchell-Jackson, while a graduate student at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, measured the energy use of an average microwave oven, an electric stovetop, and a gas stovetop to heat up a mug of water. Turns out that \u003cem>an electric stove uses 25% less electricity than an average microwave\u003c/em> oven to heat a mug of water. A gas stove is less efficient and uses more energy than a microwave oven, but depending on the cost of gas, it might cost less to heat a mug of coffee with gas compared to the microwave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It is more efficient to wash dishes by hand than it is to use a dishwasher. True or false?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How many arguments has that one caused! The research to dispel this myth came from Germany. Rainer Stamminger, a professor of household and appliance technology and his colleagues at the University of Bonn, gathered more than 100 volunteer dishwashers with varying skill levels and dishwashing styles in a laboratory, and measured the amount of water and energy each used to wash big stacks of dirty dishes. He then washed similar dirty dishes in dishwashers and measured the dishwashers’ water and energy use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His conclusion: \u003cem>The machine is more efficient than the hand\u003c/em>. In general, the dishwashers used much more water and somewhat more energy than the dishwashing machines. Some test subjects used 53 gallons of water to clean 12 place settings! But there is a wide variation in the styles and economics of hand dishwashing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly, a new, efficient dishwasher is best. But if you can’t afford one, or like to spend a lot of time with your hands in soapy water, Stamminger and company have some suggestions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Remove large dish scraps with a fork or spoon.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do the dishes soon after a meal before the food has dried on the plates (get your dinner guests involved).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do not pre-rinse your dishes under running tap water (same goes for dishwasher use).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use a hot-water sink for washing and a cold-water sink for rinsing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use just the amount of detergent recommended by the manufacturer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And put that coffee mug in the dishwasher when you're done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.8686 -122.267\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Should you wave goodbye to your old microwave? Who's more energy efficient with the dishes-- you or your dishwasher?","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366748792,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":480},"headData":{"title":"2 Top Kitchen Appliance Energy Myths De-bunked | KQED","description":"Should you wave goodbye to your old microwave? Who's more energy efficient with the dishes-- you or your dishwasher?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"2 Top Kitchen Appliance Energy Myths De-bunked","datePublished":"2009-05-29T18:53:10.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T20:26:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"2629 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=2629","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2009/05/29/2-top-kitchen-appliance-energy-myths-de-bunked/","disqusTitle":"2 Top Kitchen Appliance Energy Myths De-bunked","path":"/quest/2629/2-top-kitchen-appliance-energy-myths-de-bunked","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2009/05/kitchen_ronan_tlv.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Who's more energy efficient with the dishes-- you or your dishwasher? Image: \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/ronan_tlv/\">Ronan_tlv\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003cstrong>A microwave oven is the most efficient way to heat water for a cup of tea, hot chocolate, or coffee. True or False?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now as a regular morning coffee drinker who uses a kettle and a gas stove to heat water for coffee (not instant-- yuk! I use a coffee filter cone and PEET's coffee, of course) instead of the microwave, since our microwave is an old piece of inefficient junk that takes forever to heat water, I thought that buying a new microwave would make me a more energy efficient coffee drinker. But I was wrong!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jennifer Mitchell-Jackson, while a graduate student at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, measured the energy use of an average microwave oven, an electric stovetop, and a gas stovetop to heat up a mug of water. Turns out that \u003cem>an electric stove uses 25% less electricity than an average microwave\u003c/em> oven to heat a mug of water. A gas stove is less efficient and uses more energy than a microwave oven, but depending on the cost of gas, it might cost less to heat a mug of coffee with gas compared to the microwave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It is more efficient to wash dishes by hand than it is to use a dishwasher. True or false?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How many arguments has that one caused! The research to dispel this myth came from Germany. Rainer Stamminger, a professor of household and appliance technology and his colleagues at the University of Bonn, gathered more than 100 volunteer dishwashers with varying skill levels and dishwashing styles in a laboratory, and measured the amount of water and energy each used to wash big stacks of dirty dishes. He then washed similar dirty dishes in dishwashers and measured the dishwashers’ water and energy use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His conclusion: \u003cem>The machine is more efficient than the hand\u003c/em>. In general, the dishwashers used much more water and somewhat more energy than the dishwashing machines. Some test subjects used 53 gallons of water to clean 12 place settings! But there is a wide variation in the styles and economics of hand dishwashing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clearly, a new, efficient dishwasher is best. But if you can’t afford one, or like to spend a lot of time with your hands in soapy water, Stamminger and company have some suggestions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Remove large dish scraps with a fork or spoon.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do the dishes soon after a meal before the food has dried on the plates (get your dinner guests involved).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Do not pre-rinse your dishes under running tap water (same goes for dishwasher use).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use a hot-water sink for washing and a cold-water sink for rinsing.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Use just the amount of detergent recommended by the manufacturer.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>And put that coffee mug in the dishwasher when you're done.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>37.8686 -122.267\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/2629/2-top-kitchen-appliance-energy-myths-de-bunked","authors":["10175"],"categories":["quest_11765","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_192","quest_643","quest_684","quest_839","quest_840","quest_984","quest_987","quest_2418","quest_2530"],"label":"quest"},"quest_734":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_734","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"734","score":null,"sort":[1217613327000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"not-just-a-cup-but-a-just-cup","title":"Not Just a Cup but a Just Cup","publishDate":1217613327,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/08/paul1.jpg\">\u003cem>Paul Katzeff in 1972, co-founder\u003cbr>of Thanksgiving Coffee Company.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Good morning! Any coffee lovers out there? I'm not confessing any addiction, but I do admit that I enjoy my morning cup. It gives me great pleasure that my cup comes from \u003ca href=\"http://www.thanksgivingcoffee.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Thanksgiving Coffee Company\u003c/a>, Oakland Zoo's caffeine supplier. Yes, this stimulates me in \u003cem>many ways!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only is the coffee delicious, but their like-minded mission makes them a great match for Oakland Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established by Joan and Paul Katzeff in 1972, Thanksgiving Coffee was born in the Mendacino Hotel and was sold in the hotel café. Even then, the company focused on giving to the community and caring for the environment. Since then, the company has grown to become a specialty coffee industry leader, in both roasting practices and community activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coffee is mostly organic and much of it is \u003ca href=\"http://www.transfairusa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Fair Trade certified\u003c/a>. They buy their beans from small farms in mountain regions and work to help farmers form cooperatives. The cooperatives provide stability and support, enabling groups to negotiate fair prices for their crops, send their children to school, and enrich their communities. These shifts allow growers to blossom into proud coffee artisans. Thanksgiving Coffee Company has received many awards for their sustainable practices. They were the first to create shade-grown coffee, the first to become carbon-neutral and they continue to explore ways an organization can save people and the planet! For obvious reasons, I love their:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rwanda Gorilla Fund Coffee\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A rich medium-strong roast coffee from \u003c/em>\u003cem>Rwanda\u003c/em>\u003cem> with citrus high notes over deep chocolate undertones.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2,000 Hutu and Tutsi farmers produce the beans for this coffee, and the hard workand dedication to quality coffee is helping to heal the scars left by the 1994 genocide. The practice also builds an alternative to poaching and logging, two of the biggest threats to the endangered Mountain Gorillas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanksgiving Coffee donates a portion of the profits from each package sold to the \u003ca href=\"http://gorillafund.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International\u003c/a> to preserve and protect mountain gorillas in Rwanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ugandan Mirembe Kawomera Light Roast\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Hints of vanilla, nutmeg and pecans\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mirembe Kawomera Coffee began with one man's dream. In 2003, JJ Keki, a Ugandan coffee farmer, walked door to door asking his Jewish, Christian, and Muslim neighbors to put aside old differences and come together. They named their coffee Mirembe Kawomera, which means, \"Delicious Peace\" in the Luganda language. The cooperative now has 750 members and sells directly to Thanksgiving Coffee Company, who supports them by buying the beans at high prices and by getting the word out about their inspiring project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Songbird Coffee\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Nicaraguan version is fruity, nutty and chocolaty with hints of mango, plum and cranberry.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbirding.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The American Birding Association\u003c/a> (ABA) works with Thanksgiving Coffee to create beans grown in the shade of the trees, keeping vital habitat where it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanksgiving coffee grows shade-grown in Guatemala, Costa Rica and Nicaragua, keeping both customers and birds happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Come sip a cup at the \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Zoo's \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Island\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Café, while gazing at flamingos, anytime! \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7772 -122.166595\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Good morning! Any coffee lovers out there? It gives me great pleasure that my cup comes from Thanksgiving Coffee Company, Oakland Zoo's caffeine supplier. Not only is the coffee delicious, but their like-minded mission makes them a great match for Oakland Zoo.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1217613327,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":519},"headData":{"title":"Not Just a Cup but a Just Cup | KQED","description":"Good morning! Any coffee lovers out there? It gives me great pleasure that my cup comes from Thanksgiving Coffee Company, Oakland Zoo's caffeine supplier. Not only is the coffee delicious, but their like-minded mission makes them a great match for Oakland Zoo.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Not Just a Cup but a Just Cup","datePublished":"2008-08-01T17:55:27.000Z","dateModified":"2008-08-01T17:55:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"734 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=734","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/08/01/not-just-a-cup-but-a-just-cup/","disqusTitle":"Not Just a Cup but a Just Cup","path":"/quest/734/not-just-a-cup-but-a-just-cup","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/08/paul1.jpg\">\u003cem>Paul Katzeff in 1972, co-founder\u003cbr>of Thanksgiving Coffee Company.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Good morning! Any coffee lovers out there? I'm not confessing any addiction, but I do admit that I enjoy my morning cup. It gives me great pleasure that my cup comes from \u003ca href=\"http://www.thanksgivingcoffee.com/\" target=\"_blank\">Thanksgiving Coffee Company\u003c/a>, Oakland Zoo's caffeine supplier. Yes, this stimulates me in \u003cem>many ways!\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not only is the coffee delicious, but their like-minded mission makes them a great match for Oakland Zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Established by Joan and Paul Katzeff in 1972, Thanksgiving Coffee was born in the Mendacino Hotel and was sold in the hotel café. Even then, the company focused on giving to the community and caring for the environment. Since then, the company has grown to become a specialty coffee industry leader, in both roasting practices and community activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The coffee is mostly organic and much of it is \u003ca href=\"http://www.transfairusa.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Fair Trade certified\u003c/a>. They buy their beans from small farms in mountain regions and work to help farmers form cooperatives. The cooperatives provide stability and support, enabling groups to negotiate fair prices for their crops, send their children to school, and enrich their communities. These shifts allow growers to blossom into proud coffee artisans. Thanksgiving Coffee Company has received many awards for their sustainable practices. They were the first to create shade-grown coffee, the first to become carbon-neutral and they continue to explore ways an organization can save people and the planet! For obvious reasons, I love their:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rwanda Gorilla Fund Coffee\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>A rich medium-strong roast coffee from \u003c/em>\u003cem>Rwanda\u003c/em>\u003cem> with citrus high notes over deep chocolate undertones.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2,000 Hutu and Tutsi farmers produce the beans for this coffee, and the hard workand dedication to quality coffee is helping to heal the scars left by the 1994 genocide. The practice also builds an alternative to poaching and logging, two of the biggest threats to the endangered Mountain Gorillas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanksgiving Coffee donates a portion of the profits from each package sold to the \u003ca href=\"http://gorillafund.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Dian Fossey Gorilla Fund International\u003c/a> to preserve and protect mountain gorillas in Rwanda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ugandan Mirembe Kawomera Light Roast\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Hints of vanilla, nutmeg and pecans\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mirembe Kawomera Coffee began with one man's dream. In 2003, JJ Keki, a Ugandan coffee farmer, walked door to door asking his Jewish, Christian, and Muslim neighbors to put aside old differences and come together. They named their coffee Mirembe Kawomera, which means, \"Delicious Peace\" in the Luganda language. The cooperative now has 750 members and sells directly to Thanksgiving Coffee Company, who supports them by buying the beans at high prices and by getting the word out about their inspiring project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Songbird Coffee\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Nicaraguan version is fruity, nutty and chocolaty with hints of mango, plum and cranberry.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.americanbirding.org/\" target=\"_blank\">The American Birding Association\u003c/a> (ABA) works with Thanksgiving Coffee to create beans grown in the shade of the trees, keeping vital habitat where it is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thanksgiving coffee grows shade-grown in Guatemala, Costa Rica and Nicaragua, keeping both customers and birds happy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Come sip a cup at the \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Zoo's \u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Island\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong> Café, while gazing at flamingos, anytime! \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.7772 -122.166595\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/734/not-just-a-cup-but-a-just-cup","authors":["10178"],"categories":["quest_9"],"tags":["quest_643","quest_824","quest_1141","quest_1507","quest_3351","quest_8458","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_2470","quest_2913","quest_2914"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. 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