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"content": "\u003cp>It's Saturday morning and the women of the Contreras family are busy in Montclair, California, making pupusas, tamales and tacos. They're working to replace the income of José Contreras, who has been held since last June at Southern California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-facility/adelanto-ice-processing-center\" target=\"_blank\">Adelanto ICE Processing Center\u003c/a>, a privately run immigration detention center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11739199,news_11736531,news_11728992' label='Immigration Detention in California']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's daughter, Giselle, drives around in an aging minivan collecting food orders. First a hospital, then a car wash, then a local bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle's father crossed from Guatemala more than two decades ago, without authorization to enter the U.S. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and brought him to Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father languished there for three months without his diabetes medication. Now, she says, the guards give it to him at odd times during the day and night. And, she says, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents took his eyeglasses so he can't read legal documents or write letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My aunt tried to take in glasses for him but they don't allow for us to give them anything,\" Giselle tells me as she steers the minivan. \"They tell us that they give them everything they need.\" When I ask if her father has glasses now, she says, \"No, he doesn't. He doesn't have glasses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739789\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739789\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father, who is 60 years old, is terrified of being deported, and she says the regimented world inside Adelanto is driving him into a deep depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His conversations now have become shorter,\" she says. \"He doesn't talk to us and ask, 'How's your day? How you been?' He's always looking down at the ground; he doesn't want to make eye contact for the same reason that he's so depressed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's sister, Maria Contreras, visits her brother every Saturday. She's urged him to see a psychologist at Adelanto, but he tells her that even though he filled out a medical request, he doesn't get any help. \"No response, or anything,\" Maria says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adelanto sits on a desolate stretch of road in the high desert about an hour north of the city of Riverside. Nearly 2,000 men and women are held here. Some arrived recently during the surge in border crossings. Others lived in the U.S. — undocumented and undetected — for years. In the visiting room, where detainees are brought in wearing blue, orange or red baggy pants and tops, a sign on the wall reads, \"Don't give up hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739790\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739790\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The facility, run by a federal contractor, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geogroup.com/\">GEO Group\u003c/a>, a for-profit company based in Boca Raton, Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/21/565318778/big-money-as-private-immigrant-jails-boom\" target=\"_blank\">that runs private prisons\u003c/a> has a troubled past. During an unannounced visit last year, federal inspectors from the Department of Homeland Security's \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-10/OIG-18-86-Sep18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Office of the Inspector General found\u003c/a> \"nooses\" made out of bed sheets in 15 out of 20 cells. The inspectors found guards overlooked the nooses even though a detainee had committed suicide using a bedsheet in 2017 and several others had attempted suicide using a similar method. The government audit concluded GEO Group guards improperly handcuffed and shackled detainees, unnecessarily placed detainees in solitary confinement and failed to provide adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate investigation of Adelanto and other immigration detention facilities in California released in February by California Attorney General Xavier Becerra found similar health and safety problems and concluded that detainees were treated like prisoners, some kept in their cells for 22 hours a day, even though they have not been charged with a crime. A state law passed in 2017 directs the state to inspect and report on the treatment of immigrant detainees held in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a March 27 letter to GEO Group, Adelanto City Manager Jessie Flores informed the private prison operator that the contract would expire in 90 days, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11736531/adelanto-ending-contract-for-largest-immigration-detention-facility-in-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KQED reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged cases documented in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.disabilityrightsca.org/system/files/file-attachments/DRC_REPORT_ADELANTO-IMMIG_DETENTION_MARCH2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">most recent report\u003c/a> by Disability Rights California, a watchdog group with legal oversight to protect people with disabilities in the Golden State, are grim: detainees slitting their wrists; discontinued medication for depression; and ignored requests for wheelchairs and walkers. At least one detainee claimed that guards pepper-sprayed him when he did not stand up, and a second time while he tried to hang himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, GEO Group says it \"strongly disputes the claims\" in the report, and that the remedies recommended by Disability Rights California \"were already in place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are deeply committed,\" the company says, \"to delivering high-quality, culturally responsive services in safe and humane environments.\" An ICE spokesperson says, in an emailed statement, that GEO Group's Adelanto facility is in \"full compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mario, who was inside Adelanto for six months in 2018, says the report describes his own experiences there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening is all those claims that have been made against GEO and the staff in the medical department are finally being backed up by reports,\" Mario says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked us not to use his last name since he's out on bond and still fighting deportation. Mario is now 32; he crossed the border with his parents without documentation when he was 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, he was convicted of a misdemeanor and ICE agents picked him up at his home in Ontario, California. At the time, Mario was seeing a therapist for depression and taking medication. It took three weeks to get back on antidepressants, he says, and the sessions with the psychologists at Adelanto were only cursory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They keep their actual sessions to five to 10 minutes,\" he says. \"It's basically like a quick check-in. They just ask you, 'How are you? Do you have any suicidal thoughts? When is your next court date?' It's one of those things that I feel is basically done just to say, 'All right, we did it.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario is gay and lived in a room with three other men, including a gay man from Mexico who was seeking asylum. The two men became close friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was persecuted in Mexico because of being gay,\" Mario says. Months of detention \"and not getting any mental health care really took a toll on him. And that's when he cut himself. He cut his wrist with a razor blade that we get to shave. And after that he was placed in solitary confinement for about a week.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario says when his friend came back to their room, he was taking some sort of medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After that, all he did was sleep,\" Mario says. \"When the food was ready I'd go call him: 'OK, it's time to eat.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other detainees and immigration lawyers described a similar pattern, of GEO psychiatrists prescribing antipsychotic medications that make people sleep much of the time. It's one of the reasons people were reluctant to seek help, Mario says. But also, like other detainees, he was worried about being labeled as depressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't express whenever I was extremely feeling sad or depressed or anxious because I was afraid that would be used against me in court,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judges cannot use mental health conditions to deny legal status to a detainee, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, long after GEO Group says the company addressed any problems detailed in the Disability Rights California report, detainees in Adelanto staged a hunger strike. The detainees gave an attorney a handwritten note, which was released by the Inland Coalition for Immigrant Justice, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief among their demands was speedier access to good medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/author/sarah-varney/\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah Varney\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a senior national correspondent at Kaiser Health News, a nonprofit health newsroom that is an editorially independent part of the Kaiser Family Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Adelanto ICE Processing Center houses nearly 2,000 people in California. Federal, state and watchdog reviews say the Florida-based firm that runs Adelanto fails to provide adequate health care.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>Sarah Varney\u003cbr />Kaiser Health News\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It's Saturday morning and the women of the Contreras family are busy in Montclair, California, making pupusas, tamales and tacos. They're working to replace the income of José Contreras, who has been held since last June at Southern California's \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/detention-facility/adelanto-ice-processing-center\" target=\"_blank\">Adelanto ICE Processing Center\u003c/a>, a privately run immigration detention center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's daughter, Giselle, drives around in an aging minivan collecting food orders. First a hospital, then a car wash, then a local bank.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle's father crossed from Guatemala more than two decades ago, without authorization to enter the U.S. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and brought him to Adelanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father languished there for three months without his diabetes medication. Now, she says, the guards give it to him at odd times during the day and night. And, she says, U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement agents took his eyeglasses so he can't read legal documents or write letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My aunt tried to take in glasses for him but they don't allow for us to give them anything,\" Giselle tells me as she steers the minivan. \"They tell us that they give them everything they need.\" When I ask if her father has glasses now, she says, \"No, he doesn't. He doesn't have glasses.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739789\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-800x532.jpg\" alt=\"Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"532\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739789\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7299_custom-1516b8f4d6def754da8f92583564101025e295f5-s800-c85-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Contreras, José's sister, makes papusas and other food for sale in Southern California — to help support the family while José is in detention at the ICE Adelanto Processing Center. He's been held there for months without his glasses or requested counseling for depression, she says, and doesn't get his diabetes medication when he needs it. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Giselle says her father, who is 60 years old, is terrified of being deported, and she says the regimented world inside Adelanto is driving him into a deep depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"His conversations now have become shorter,\" she says. \"He doesn't talk to us and ask, 'How's your day? How you been?' He's always looking down at the ground; he doesn't want to make eye contact for the same reason that he's so depressed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>José's sister, Maria Contreras, visits her brother every Saturday. She's urged him to see a psychologist at Adelanto, but he tells her that even though he filled out a medical request, he doesn't get any help. \"No response, or anything,\" Maria says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adelanto sits on a desolate stretch of road in the high desert about an hour north of the city of Riverside. Nearly 2,000 men and women are held here. Some arrived recently during the surge in border crossings. Others lived in the U.S. — undocumented and undetected — for years. In the visiting room, where detainees are brought in wearing blue, orange or red baggy pants and tops, a sign on the wall reads, \"Don't give up hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11739790\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-800x599.jpg\" alt=\"José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto.\" width=\"800\" height=\"599\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11739790\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-632x474.jpg 632w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/img_7307_custom-331d4955f1c80854c9bb9f3504873da5f6ca2e8f-s800-c85-536x402.jpg 536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José Contreras with his family, in happier times. He came to the U.S. from Guatemala without authorization more than two decades ago. He worked in construction until agents picked him up and took him to Adelanto. \u003ccite>(Sarah Varney/Kaiser Health News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The facility, run by a federal contractor, \u003ca href=\"https://www.geogroup.com/\">GEO Group\u003c/a>, a for-profit company based in Boca Raton, Florida \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/11/21/565318778/big-money-as-private-immigrant-jails-boom\" target=\"_blank\">that runs private prisons\u003c/a> has a troubled past. During an unannounced visit last year, federal inspectors from the Department of Homeland Security's \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.dhs.gov/sites/default/files/assets/2018-10/OIG-18-86-Sep18.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">Office of the Inspector General found\u003c/a> \"nooses\" made out of bed sheets in 15 out of 20 cells. The inspectors found guards overlooked the nooses even though a detainee had committed suicide using a bedsheet in 2017 and several others had attempted suicide using a similar method. The government audit concluded GEO Group guards improperly handcuffed and shackled detainees, unnecessarily placed detainees in solitary confinement and failed to provide adequate medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate investigation of Adelanto and other immigration detention facilities in California released in February by California Attorney General Xavier Becerra found similar health and safety problems and concluded that detainees were treated like prisoners, some kept in their cells for 22 hours a day, even though they have not been charged with a crime. A state law passed in 2017 directs the state to inspect and report on the treatment of immigrant detainees held in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a March 27 letter to GEO Group, Adelanto City Manager Jessie Flores informed the private prison operator that the contract would expire in 90 days, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11736531/adelanto-ending-contract-for-largest-immigration-detention-facility-in-california\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">KQED reported\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alleged cases documented in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.disabilityrightsca.org/system/files/file-attachments/DRC_REPORT_ADELANTO-IMMIG_DETENTION_MARCH2019.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">most recent report\u003c/a> by Disability Rights California, a watchdog group with legal oversight to protect people with disabilities in the Golden State, are grim: detainees slitting their wrists; discontinued medication for depression; and ignored requests for wheelchairs and walkers. At least one detainee claimed that guards pepper-sprayed him when he did not stand up, and a second time while he tried to hang himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a written statement, GEO Group says it \"strongly disputes the claims\" in the report, and that the remedies recommended by Disability Rights California \"were already in place.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are deeply committed,\" the company says, \"to delivering high-quality, culturally responsive services in safe and humane environments.\" An ICE spokesperson says, in an emailed statement, that GEO Group's Adelanto facility is in \"full compliance with the Americans with Disabilities Act.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Mario, who was inside Adelanto for six months in 2018, says the report describes his own experiences there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What's happening is all those claims that have been made against GEO and the staff in the medical department are finally being backed up by reports,\" Mario says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked us not to use his last name since he's out on bond and still fighting deportation. Mario is now 32; he crossed the border with his parents without documentation when he was 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, he was convicted of a misdemeanor and ICE agents picked him up at his home in Ontario, California. At the time, Mario was seeing a therapist for depression and taking medication. It took three weeks to get back on antidepressants, he says, and the sessions with the psychologists at Adelanto were only cursory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They keep their actual sessions to five to 10 minutes,\" he says. \"It's basically like a quick check-in. They just ask you, 'How are you? Do you have any suicidal thoughts? When is your next court date?' It's one of those things that I feel is basically done just to say, 'All right, we did it.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario is gay and lived in a room with three other men, including a gay man from Mexico who was seeking asylum. The two men became close friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was persecuted in Mexico because of being gay,\" Mario says. Months of detention \"and not getting any mental health care really took a toll on him. And that's when he cut himself. He cut his wrist with a razor blade that we get to shave. And after that he was placed in solitary confinement for about a week.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mario says when his friend came back to their room, he was taking some sort of medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After that, all he did was sleep,\" Mario says. \"When the food was ready I'd go call him: 'OK, it's time to eat.' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other detainees and immigration lawyers described a similar pattern, of GEO psychiatrists prescribing antipsychotic medications that make people sleep much of the time. It's one of the reasons people were reluctant to seek help, Mario says. But also, like other detainees, he was worried about being labeled as depressed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't express whenever I was extremely feeling sad or depressed or anxious because I was afraid that would be used against me in court,\" he explains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judges cannot use mental health conditions to deny legal status to a detainee, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, long after GEO Group says the company addressed any problems detailed in the Disability Rights California report, detainees in Adelanto staged a hunger strike. The detainees gave an attorney a handwritten note, which was released by the Inland Coalition for Immigrant Justice, an advocacy group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chief among their demands was speedier access to good medical care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://khn.org/news/author/sarah-varney/\" target=\"_blank\">Sarah Varney\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a senior national correspondent at Kaiser Health News, a nonprofit health newsroom that is an editorially independent part of the Kaiser Family Foundation.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2019 Kaiser Health News. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"http://www.kaiserhealthnews.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Kaiser Health News\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Truck drivers moving cargo between Mexico and the United States are used to tedious waits to cross the border, with the agricultural products and industrial parts they carry sitting idle in their vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The time it takes for commercial vehicles and other travelers to cross into the U.S. has spiked in the past week — with wait times in some cases four times as long — after U.S. immigration authorities reassigned hundreds of officers to cope with a record number of Central American migrant families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fewer staffers screening cargo and passengers at airports and other ports of entry is leading to lane closures and reduced hours of operations. Those delays are costing millions of dollars to the U.S., experts say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Citing an “unprecedented humanitarian and security crisis,” U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/speeches-and-statements/temporary-re-assignment-cbp-officers-border-patrol-sectors\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have temporarily reassigned\u003c/a> 51 CBP officers in California to help process, transport and care for migrants crossing the border without documents. The U.S. Border Patrol, part of the Customs and Border Protection agency, is responsible for policing the expanse of U.S. borders in between the official ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nationwide, CBP redeployed 545 officers to support Border Patrol, most of them in Texas, because agency officials say the influx of migrants is overwhelming them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been an all hands on deck for us,” said Brian Hastings, Border Patrol Chief of Law Enforcement Operations, in a call with reporters to announce new border arrest \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/sw-border-migration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">figures\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The staff changes come as Border Patrol arrested 92,600 migrants in March, most of them from Central America. About 53,000 of the migrants were traveling in family groups — significantly more than in any other month since 2013, when the government began tracking children traveling with parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Family units plus children traveling on their own now represent nearly 70 percent of all Border Patrol apprehensions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://e.infogram.com/8df7e25c-c5a3-49f0-bd2b-7d182e502bd8?src=embed\" title=\"Border Apprehensions\" width=\"800\" height=\"623\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border:none;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At California’s busiest commercial border crossing in Otay Mesa, near San Diego, cargo trucks waited 4.5 hours on Tuesday to be processed by Customs and Border Protection officials — compared to 50 minutes on the same day last year, agency figures show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Truckers can't cross the border within the day due to the reduced CBP staff at Otay Mesa, said Paola Avila, vice president of international business affairs at the San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside tag='border-crossing' label='KQED coverage of the border']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they spend the night and by the time you open the next day you already have a long queue,” said Avila, who traveled to Washington D.C. to lobby members of Congress to reinstate CBP officers at ports of entry, and ratify a successor trade agreement to NAFTA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas, border time waits have grown to seven hours. Increased delays at border crossings result in lost wages for drivers, and higher costs for businesses in the millions of dollars a day, Avila said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Millions of dollars that will be passed on to the consumer. And in some cases ... the small- to medium-sized businesses that can't absorb that increase will have to shutter their doors,” said Avila.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Avila pointed to the steep price paid when trade was disrupted: Authorities shut down the San Diego-Tijuana border crossing over the 2018 Thanksgiving weekend after a group of migrants stormed the area and Border Patrol agents responded by firing tear gas at them. The San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce estimates that five-hour closure resulted in a loss of $5.3 million dollars for local businesses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most truck drivers won’t be paid for the additional time it takes them to cross the border since they are generally paid by the load they deliver, said Alex Cherin of the California Trucking Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of the time, truck drivers unfortunately do not get paid if they're simply waiting in line,” said Cherin. “There's a ripple effect for sure. If there is a longer wait at the border that means potentially a longer wait at the warehouse, which means a longer wait to get goods to market.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>California and 19 other states that are suing \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/d604da469caf44fb854fd05a67ee15d7\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> over his emergency declaration to build a border wall have requested a court order to stop money from being diverted to fund the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"More Border Wall Coverage\" tage]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Xavier Becerra said Friday that the group of states \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/governor-newsom-attorney-general-becerra-move-block-president-trump-initiating\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">took action\u003c/a> to prevent $1.6 billion from being siphoned away from fighting drug trafficking and funding military construction projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It is time for us to make it clear that if you want to build something using taxpayer money, you gotta get permission,\" Becerra said in his press conference this morning. \"The way previous presidents have always done.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Becerra says it’s important to block the diversion of funds in advance because it will be harder to replace once it's committed to border wall construction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action is part of the states’ lawsuit challenging Trump’s emergency declaration to fund a wall on the U.S.-Mexico border. The coalition says the declaration was unconstitutional because it bypasses the role of Congress to authorize funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fcirca%2Fvideos%2F358735211407830%2F&show_text=0&width=560\" width=\"560\" height=\"315\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen style=\"border: none; max-width: 100%; overflow: hidden;\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Reporting was contributed by KQED's Michelle Wiley.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump is scheduled to visit Calexico, California on Friday to commemorate the completion of what \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/26/661042336/homeland-security-secretary-nielsen-visits-new-border-wall-in-california\">the White House has touted\u003c/a> as the first segment of the president's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11733635' label='More KQED Immigration Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit comes a week after the president \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1111653530316746752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1111653530316746752&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2019%2F3%2F29%2F18287101%2Ftrump-close-border-us-mexico-tweets\">threatened to shut down the border\u003c/a> as a result of a surge of migrant families crossing in search of asylum. He has since walked back that threat, but uncertainty and nervousness remain in border towns like Calexico that rely on cross-border trade and traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little before 4 on a recent morning, 25-year-old Alexandra Elizabeth Godoy had already been up for three hours. She is one of the hundreds of Mexican citizens who cross the border from Mexicali, Mexico, to Calexico every morning. She picks lettuce at a farm in the Imperial Valley to support her three children, and she was waiting in downtown Calexico for a bus to take her to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she hasn't been following the news, but her friends have been telling her about President \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump's on-again, off-again threats\u003c/a> to close the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have told me, 'What are you going to do if that happens?' And I'm like, 'Oh, I don't know what I'm going to do,' \" Godoy says. \"I have to cross every day. So if he closes it, I'm not going to be able to cross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a doughnut and coffee shop filled with farmworkers from across the border, 45-year-old Enrique Javier, who has been working in the Imperial Valley for 30 years, says a border closure would be hard not only for farmworkers, but for the entire city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The marketplace would be affected, the taxi companies, the buses, everything would be impacted that works with Mexicans,\" Javier says in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families that straddle the border would also have to make tough decisions. Edgar Godinez, 21, who lives in Heber, Calif., has a 1-year-old son in Mexicali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't be able to see my son if they do that. I might have to stay in Mexico to stay with my son,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before sunrise, buses take the agricultural workers to fields throughout the Imperial Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"KQED Immigration Stories\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jack Vessey is a fourth-generation farmer in Holtville, California, about 15 miles north of the border. More than half of his workers cross from Mexico. He says that the threats and the tension along the border are just not good for business — especially in the midst of the cabbage harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>It's a region. It's not this fence or this line or this border. It's been there. It's been here for a long, long time. And to see the people passing back and forth — be it families, be it dollars, be it pesos — you know, we live together,\" Vessey says at his family's farm office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vessey acknowledges the need for immigration reform, but he doesn't think a shutdown or even a short-term interruption at the border would be the right way to go about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what we'd do,\" Vessey says. \"It would be very difficult to do what we do on a daily basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of the border, in Mexicali, lots of businesses rely on cross-border traffic coming over from the U.S. In La Chinesca — a Chinese neighborhood in Mexicali — 25-year-old Hernan Gomez runs the BabyBois Barber Shop with a group of friends. The neighborhood was founded by Chinese railroad workers who had been deported from the U.S. because of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and it has been shaped \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/mexicali-chinatown_n_589bcd59e4b09bd304c00a99\">throughout the decades by U.S. and Mexican policies toward immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez's shop is currently undergoing construction, and he feels as if the border shutdown scare could not have come at a worse time for his regular clients, who he'll be relying on to keep him in business through the remodeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it were to close down, they would be affected. It's a barbershop, man. Man likes to stay fresh.\" Gomez said. \"Man, we'd lose customers like that. Sometimes when the wait [at the border] is too long, we lose customers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some border crossings — like those in El Paso — have experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-mexico/trucks-snarled-at-el-paso-border-mexico-says-no-serious-problems-idUSKCN1RF1Y5?il=0\">wait times of up to seven hours to get into the U.S\u003c/a>., because Customs and Border Protection staff have been pulled away to deal with huge numbers of asylum-seeking families arriving on the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico has not had as many asylum-seekers presenting at its port of entry as nearby San Diego, but delays at the border might occur as security ramps up for Trump's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated fence is now slatted — the previous one wasn't — and allows border patrol agents to see through it into Mexico. But the barrier itself isn't new to Calexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At least 45 years there's been a fence there. Now they've obviously replaced the fence. It's now higher and so now you can see through it, but the fence has been there for many, many years,\" says Calexico City Manager David Dale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale insists, though, that what we call that barrier is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's our sister city in Mexicali, so they're like our brothers and sisters there. And so we say it's not a wall, it's a fence,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico is already planning for protesters — including some who will launch a large, inflatable Trump balloon to greet the president's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A 2-mile section of border fence was replaced last year with a 30-foot steel pole wall. Residents on both sides of the border are concerned about rising tensions around cross-border traffic.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump is scheduled to visit Calexico, California on Friday to commemorate the completion of what \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/26/661042336/homeland-security-secretary-nielsen-visits-new-border-wall-in-california\">the White House has touted\u003c/a> as the first segment of the president's border wall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The visit comes a week after the president \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/1111653530316746752?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1111653530316746752&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.vox.com%2F2019%2F3%2F29%2F18287101%2Ftrump-close-border-us-mexico-tweets\">threatened to shut down the border\u003c/a> as a result of a surge of migrant families crossing in search of asylum. He has since walked back that threat, but uncertainty and nervousness remain in border towns like Calexico that rely on cross-border trade and traffic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little before 4 on a recent morning, 25-year-old Alexandra Elizabeth Godoy had already been up for three hours. She is one of the hundreds of Mexican citizens who cross the border from Mexicali, Mexico, to Calexico every morning. She picks lettuce at a farm in the Imperial Valley to support her three children, and she was waiting in downtown Calexico for a bus to take her to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says she hasn't been following the news, but her friends have been telling her about President \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/04/04/709933534/trump-walks-back-threat-to-close-u-s-border-giving-mexico-a-1-year-warning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Trump's on-again, off-again threats\u003c/a> to close the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They have told me, 'What are you going to do if that happens?' And I'm like, 'Oh, I don't know what I'm going to do,' \" Godoy says. \"I have to cross every day. So if he closes it, I'm not going to be able to cross.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a doughnut and coffee shop filled with farmworkers from across the border, 45-year-old Enrique Javier, who has been working in the Imperial Valley for 30 years, says a border closure would be hard not only for farmworkers, but for the entire city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The marketplace would be affected, the taxi companies, the buses, everything would be impacted that works with Mexicans,\" Javier says in Spanish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Families that straddle the border would also have to make tough decisions. Edgar Godinez, 21, who lives in Heber, Calif., has a 1-year-old son in Mexicali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I wouldn't be able to see my son if they do that. I might have to stay in Mexico to stay with my son,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before sunrise, buses take the agricultural workers to fields throughout the Imperial Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jack Vessey is a fourth-generation farmer in Holtville, California, about 15 miles north of the border. More than half of his workers cross from Mexico. He says that the threats and the tension along the border are just not good for business — especially in the midst of the cabbage harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\"\u003c/strong>It's a region. It's not this fence or this line or this border. It's been there. It's been here for a long, long time. And to see the people passing back and forth — be it families, be it dollars, be it pesos — you know, we live together,\" Vessey says at his family's farm office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vessey acknowledges the need for immigration reform, but he doesn't think a shutdown or even a short-term interruption at the border would be the right way to go about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I don't know what we'd do,\" Vessey says. \"It would be very difficult to do what we do on a daily basis.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>South of the border, in Mexicali, lots of businesses rely on cross-border traffic coming over from the U.S. In La Chinesca — a Chinese neighborhood in Mexicali — 25-year-old Hernan Gomez runs the BabyBois Barber Shop with a group of friends. The neighborhood was founded by Chinese railroad workers who had been deported from the U.S. because of the Chinese Exclusion Act, and it has been shaped \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/mexicali-chinatown_n_589bcd59e4b09bd304c00a99\">throughout the decades by U.S. and Mexican policies toward immigrants\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gomez's shop is currently undergoing construction, and he feels as if the border shutdown scare could not have come at a worse time for his regular clients, who he'll be relying on to keep him in business through the remodeling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If it were to close down, they would be affected. It's a barbershop, man. Man likes to stay fresh.\" Gomez said. \"Man, we'd lose customers like that. Sometimes when the wait [at the border] is too long, we lose customers.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some border crossings — like those in El Paso — have experienced \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-usa-immigration-mexico/trucks-snarled-at-el-paso-border-mexico-says-no-serious-problems-idUSKCN1RF1Y5?il=0\">wait times of up to seven hours to get into the U.S\u003c/a>., because Customs and Border Protection staff have been pulled away to deal with huge numbers of asylum-seeking families arriving on the southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico has not had as many asylum-seekers presenting at its port of entry as nearby San Diego, but delays at the border might occur as security ramps up for Trump's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renovated fence is now slatted — the previous one wasn't — and allows border patrol agents to see through it into Mexico. But the barrier itself isn't new to Calexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"At least 45 years there's been a fence there. Now they've obviously replaced the fence. It's now higher and so now you can see through it, but the fence has been there for many, many years,\" says Calexico City Manager David Dale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dale insists, though, that what we call that barrier is important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That's our sister city in Mexicali, so they're like our brothers and sisters there. And so we say it's not a wall, it's a fence,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Calexico is already planning for protesters — including some who will launch a large, inflatable Trump balloon to greet the president's visit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR.\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "its-not-just-avocados-closing-mexico-border-would-hit-u-s-auto-plants-too",
"title": "It's Not Just Avocados. Closing Mexico Border Would Hit U.S. Auto Plants Too",
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"headTitle": "It’s Not Just Avocados. Closing Mexico Border Would Hit U.S. Auto Plants Too | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Frustrated by the large number of Central Americans who’ve been crossing the border from Mexico, President Trump has threatened to take dramatic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan']‘Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t stop ’em, we’re closing the border,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708170918/trump-threatens-to-close-southern-border-unless-mexico-blocks-all-illegal-immigr\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump warned Friday\u003c/a>. “They’ll close it. And we’ll keep it closed for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/18/658607385/as-caravan-of-migrants-heads-north-trump-threatens-to-close-southern-u-s-border\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not the first time\u003c/a> Trump has sounded that warning. And so far he has not followed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halting cross-border traffic with one of the nation’s biggest trading partners could do serious damage to the U.S. economy, including industries located far from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retailers in San Diego got a small taste of that last November, when members of a migrant caravan charged the border and U.S. officials closed one border crossing in response. While that shutdown lasted only a few hours, it came on what should have been one of the busiest shopping days of the year. And the fallout was severe, costing local merchants an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/29/671996734/temporary-shutdown-of-u-s-mexico-border-had-large-economic-impact-for-businesses\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">$5.3 million in lost sales\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I easily, easily lost between $3,500 to $4,500 just that day,” said Louie Saloumi, who runs a churro stand in an outlet mall just north of the border that caters to Mexican shoppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saloumi said if the border were closed for a full week, he’d be out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That mall would be a ghost town,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the entire U.S. border with Mexico would also put the brakes on more than $1.6 billion worth of goods that cross back and forth every day, including 50 million pounds of fresh Mexican produce that now fills 100 warehouses in Nogales, Ariz. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One importer warned that the U.S. would run out of avocados in three weeks, but guacamole is the least of it. Fresh tomatoes, peppers, melons and eggplant for the whole country would soon be in short supply. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably over half of what most consumers put in their shopping bag when it comes to fresh produce, they would find reduced quantities and higher prices,” said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already announced plans to halt truck traffic through Nogales on Sundays, as customs officers who typically staff the border crossing there are reassigned to deal with the influx of Central American migrants. If that shutdown extends to other days of the week, Jungmeyer worries some people will be out of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='immigration' label='The latest immigration news']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s jobs that depend on moving goods back and forth every day. And if that’s not moving, those people are laid off,” Jungmeyer said. “That means those people are not able to keep the lights on in their own homes and to put groceries in their own refrigerators. So it gets really dicey, really quick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effects aren’t limited to the border region. Mexico is a critical supplier for companies throughout the U.S., including the highly integrated auto industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t just trade with each other. We’re making things together,” said Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan. “Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. assembly plants are especially dependent on Mexico for some critical parts such as wiring harnesses. Without them, those plants would soon grind to a halt. And that in turn would idle domestic parts makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll see auto production in the U.S. shut down pretty quickly. Some within hours and certainly the whole industry within days,” Dziczek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fallout from a complete border shutdown would be so fast and so sweeping it’s hard to take the president’s threat seriously, Dziczek said. But White House aides insist it’s a real possibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It certainly isn’t a bluff,” White House counselor Kellyanne Conway told \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQesSTYk0KA&feature=youtu.be&t=524\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Fox News Sunday\u003c/a>. “You can take the president seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies throughout the U.S. routinely make contingency plans for supply disruptions, but it’s impossible to prepare for something like a complete border shutdown. If the worst does happen, Dziczek joked that she does have one consolation: a stockpile of tequila that can last a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/business/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Read more stories from NPR Business.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+Not+Just+Avocados.+Closing+Mexico+Border+Would+Hit+U.S.+Auto+Plants+Too&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "President Trump has threatened to close the U.S. border with Mexico in response to a large number of illegal crossings. A closure would likely hit a wide range of industries, from produce to autos.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Frustrated by the large number of Central Americans who’ve been crossing the border from Mexico, President Trump has threatened to take dramatic action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t stop ’em, we’re closing the border,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/03/29/708170918/trump-threatens-to-close-southern-border-unless-mexico-blocks-all-illegal-immigr\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Trump warned Friday\u003c/a>. “They’ll close it. And we’ll keep it closed for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/10/18/658607385/as-caravan-of-migrants-heads-north-trump-threatens-to-close-southern-u-s-border\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">not the first time\u003c/a> Trump has sounded that warning. And so far he has not followed through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halting cross-border traffic with one of the nation’s biggest trading partners could do serious damage to the U.S. economy, including industries located far from Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retailers in San Diego got a small taste of that last November, when members of a migrant caravan charged the border and U.S. officials closed one border crossing in response. While that shutdown lasted only a few hours, it came on what should have been one of the busiest shopping days of the year. And the fallout was severe, costing local merchants an estimated \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/11/29/671996734/temporary-shutdown-of-u-s-mexico-border-had-large-economic-impact-for-businesses\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">$5.3 million in lost sales\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I easily, easily lost between $3,500 to $4,500 just that day,” said Louie Saloumi, who runs a churro stand in an outlet mall just north of the border that caters to Mexican shoppers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saloumi said if the border were closed for a full week, he’d be out of business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That mall would be a ghost town,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Closing the entire U.S. border with Mexico would also put the brakes on more than $1.6 billion worth of goods that cross back and forth every day, including 50 million pounds of fresh Mexican produce that now fills 100 warehouses in Nogales, Ariz. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One importer warned that the U.S. would run out of avocados in three weeks, but guacamole is the least of it. Fresh tomatoes, peppers, melons and eggplant for the whole country would soon be in short supply. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Probably over half of what most consumers put in their shopping bag when it comes to fresh produce, they would find reduced quantities and higher prices,” said Lance Jungmeyer, president of the Fresh Produce Association of the Americas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has already announced plans to halt truck traffic through Nogales on Sundays, as customs officers who typically staff the border crossing there are reassigned to deal with the influx of Central American migrants. If that shutdown extends to other days of the week, Jungmeyer worries some people will be out of work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s jobs that depend on moving goods back and forth every day. And if that’s not moving, those people are laid off,” Jungmeyer said. “That means those people are not able to keep the lights on in their own homes and to put groceries in their own refrigerators. So it gets really dicey, really quick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The effects aren’t limited to the border region. Mexico is a critical supplier for companies throughout the U.S., including the highly integrated auto industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t just trade with each other. We’re making things together,” said Kristin Dziczek, vice president of the Center for Automotive Research in Michigan. “Mexico is a source of 37 percent of all imported auto parts to the U.S. Every vehicle has Mexican parts in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. assembly plants are especially dependent on Mexico for some critical parts such as wiring harnesses. Without them, those plants would soon grind to a halt. And that in turn would idle domestic parts makers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll see auto production in the U.S. shut down pretty quickly. Some within hours and certainly the whole industry within days,” Dziczek said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fallout from a complete border shutdown would be so fast and so sweeping it’s hard to take the president’s threat seriously, Dziczek said. But White House aides insist it’s a real possibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It certainly isn’t a bluff,” White House counselor Kellyanne Conway told \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQesSTYk0KA&feature=youtu.be&t=524\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Fox News Sunday\u003c/a>. “You can take the president seriously.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies throughout the U.S. routinely make contingency plans for supply disruptions, but it’s impossible to prepare for something like a complete border shutdown. If the worst does happen, Dziczek joked that she does have one consolation: a stockpile of tequila that can last a while.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/business/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>Read more stories from NPR Business.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=It%27s+Not+Just+Avocados.+Closing+Mexico+Border+Would+Hit+U.S.+Auto+Plants+Too&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Social Security Administration may be the latest front in the Trump administration’s crackdown on illegal immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency is reviving the controversial practice of \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssa.gov/employer/notices.html\">sending “no match” letters\u003c/a> to businesses across the country, notifying them when an employee’s Social Security number doesn’t match up with official records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[documentcloud url=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5784068-EmployerCorrectionRequest.html\" responsive=true height=800]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may sound innocuous. But these no-match letters are expected to set off alarm bells. That’s what happened when they arrived in the mail back in the mid-2000s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a scare tactic,” said Julie Pace, an employment lawyer at the Cavanagh Law Firm in Phoenix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, as now, the federal government was trying to crack down on unauthorized workers. Pace understands the need to keep accurate records. But she thinks these letters were also intended to threaten employers who might have undocumented workers on the payroll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were like the very old school formal government letter that scared you,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are a lot of reasons someone’s Social Security number might not match: name changes or clerical errors, for example. But it can also mean that a worker is using a fake Social Security number. And when an employer gets one of these letters, it has to ask the worker to fix the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s the federal government who is now questioning something, and we’re being the delivery boy so to speak in giving the message,” said Gary Gitlin, an in-house lawyer for Pro’s Ranch Market, a chain of grocery stores in Arizona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to let a lot of people go” when his company got no-match letters in the past, Gitlin said, “because either they were not able to reconcile the no-match or simply refused to deal with it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor unions and immigrant advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=14887175\">took the issue to court\u003c/a> in the mid-2000s. The U.S. Chamber of Commerce complained that the government was trying to turn businesses into “\u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/news/article/Judge-blocks-effort-to-use-no-match-letters-to-2497844.php\">immigration cops\u003c/a>.” Eventually, the Obama administration stopped sending these letters in 2012.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Immigration Crackdown in California\" tag=\"immigration\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, they’re back. And so is the controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part and parcel of an anti-immigrant agenda by the Trump administration,” said Marielena Hincapié, the executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Immigration Law Center\u003c/a>. “This fits squarely within its overall strategy of instilling fear and chaos among immigrant workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Social Security Administration insists it is trying to improve the accuracy of its records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we cannot match the name and SSN reported on a W-2 to our records, we cannot credit earnings to a worker’s record,” said spokesman Mark Hinkle in a written statement. “When earnings are missing, the worker may not qualify for Social Security benefits he or she is due or the benefit amount may be incorrect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency declined an interview request. Its written statement doesn’t mention immigration at all. But immigration hard-liners say they are glad to see no-match letters return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If an employee is using a stolen Social Security number, we think it’s important for relevant people to know,” said Dan Stein, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://fairus.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower levels of immigration. Stein says he has no sympathy for undocumented immigrants who are using fake Social Security numbers to work or for employers who have been looking the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Illegal immigration is ultimately everybody’s problem,” Stein said. “And one of the reasons why we’ve seen it blow out of control in the last 30-some years is because employers have not been willing to do their fair share in ensuring that American jobs go to American workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But employers say it’s not their job to enforce immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very fine line for employers to walk and not get in trouble on either side of the line,” said Pace, the lawyer. “That’s the catch-22 that you sometimes see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When no-match letters went out before, Pace asked for guidance from immigration authorities and from Justice Department lawyers, she says. And she got two different answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities said employers should look at these letters as evidence that their employees are undocumented. But the Justice Department said not so fast: If you fire a worker based just on this letter, that could be discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I would get both agencies on the phone at once so they could try to get on the same page with direction on that,” Pace said. “Because they gave different direction from each agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the Social Security Administration has changed the wording on no-match letters to clearly say this is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> about immigration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>IMPORTANT: This letter does not imply that you or your employee intentionally gave the government wrong information about the employee’s name or SSN. This letter does not address your employee’s work authorization or immigration status. You should not use this letter to take any adverse action against an employee, such as laying off, suspending, firing, or discriminating against that individual, just because his or her SSN or name does not match our records. Any of those actions could, in fact, violate State or Federal law and subject you to legal consequences.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, Pace has a feeling that some employers will overreact anyway. She has seen it happen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Latest+Immigration+Crackdown+May+Be+Fake+Social+Security+Numbers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, they’re back. And so is the controversy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is part and parcel of an anti-immigrant agenda by the Trump administration,” said Marielena Hincapié, the executive director of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nilc.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Immigration Law Center\u003c/a>. “This fits squarely within its overall strategy of instilling fear and chaos among immigrant workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Social Security Administration insists it is trying to improve the accuracy of its records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we cannot match the name and SSN reported on a W-2 to our records, we cannot credit earnings to a worker’s record,” said spokesman Mark Hinkle in a written statement. “When earnings are missing, the worker may not qualify for Social Security benefits he or she is due or the benefit amount may be incorrect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency declined an interview request. Its written statement doesn’t mention immigration at all. But immigration hard-liners say they are glad to see no-match letters return.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If an employee is using a stolen Social Security number, we think it’s important for relevant people to know,” said Dan Stein, president of the \u003ca href=\"http://fairus.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Federation for American Immigration Reform\u003c/a>, which advocates for lower levels of immigration. Stein says he has no sympathy for undocumented immigrants who are using fake Social Security numbers to work or for employers who have been looking the other way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Illegal immigration is ultimately everybody’s problem,” Stein said. “And one of the reasons why we’ve seen it blow out of control in the last 30-some years is because employers have not been willing to do their fair share in ensuring that American jobs go to American workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But employers say it’s not their job to enforce immigration laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a very fine line for employers to walk and not get in trouble on either side of the line,” said Pace, the lawyer. “That’s the catch-22 that you sometimes see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When no-match letters went out before, Pace asked for guidance from immigration authorities and from Justice Department lawyers, she says. And she got two different answers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration authorities said employers should look at these letters as evidence that their employees are undocumented. But the Justice Department said not so fast: If you fire a worker based just on this letter, that could be discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes I would get both agencies on the phone at once so they could try to get on the same page with direction on that,” Pace said. “Because they gave different direction from each agency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This time around, the Social Security Administration has changed the wording on no-match letters to clearly say this is \u003cem>not\u003c/em> about immigration:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>IMPORTANT: This letter does not imply that you or your employee intentionally gave the government wrong information about the employee’s name or SSN. This letter does not address your employee’s work authorization or immigration status. You should not use this letter to take any adverse action against an employee, such as laying off, suspending, firing, or discriminating against that individual, just because his or her SSN or name does not match our records. Any of those actions could, in fact, violate State or Federal law and subject you to legal consequences.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Still, Pace has a feeling that some employers will overreact anyway. She has seen it happen before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https://www.npr.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=The+Latest+Immigration+Crackdown+May+Be+Fake+Social+Security+Numbers&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Appeals Court: Parents of Kate Steinle Can't Sue San Francisco Over Immigrant Who Killed Daughter",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal appeals court in California \u003ca href=\"http://cdn.ca9.uscourts.gov/datastore/opinions/2019/03/25/17-16283.pdf\">ruled\u003c/a> that the parents of Kate Steinle, a woman fatally shot by an undocumented immigrant in July 2015, cannot sue the city of San Francisco for failing to notify immigration officials of his release from a local jail weeks before the killing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside tag='kate-steinle' label='KQED coverage of the Kate Steinle case']\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a unanimous decision, a three-judge panel of the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that San Francisco’s then-sheriff, Ross Mirkarimi, violated no federal, state or local laws when he released Juan Francisco Lopez-Sanchez, also known as José Inez Garcia Zarate, on a minor marijuana charge without notifying Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling upholds a lower court decision in dismissing “a general negligence claim” against the city filed by Steinle’s parents. They alleged that Mirkarimi drew up a memorandum instructing city employees to limit the information shared with federal officials about the release of unauthorized immigrants from the San Francisco jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our holding today makes no judgment as to whether or not the policy established by the memo was wise or prudent. That is not our job,” the panel wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judges said city’s policy did not violate federal law and that Mirkarimi had a right to enforce the memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The tragic and unnecessary death of Steinle may well underscore the policy argument against Sheriff Mirkarimi’s decision to bar his employees from providing the release date of a many times convicted felon to ICE,” wrote Judge Mark J. Bennett, a Trump appointee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But that policy argument can be acted upon only by California’s state and municipal political branches of government, or perhaps by Congress — but not by federal judges applying California law as determined by the California Supreme Court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinle, 32, was killed as she was walking along a San Francisco pier with her father. She was struck by a single shot from a stolen gun that the defense argued had been accidentally discharged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, Lopez-Sanchez, a five-time deportee, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/30/567625700/jury-in-san-francisco-finds-accused-killer-of-kate-steinle-not-guilty-of-murder\">acquitted\u003c/a> by a San Francisco jury on murder charges, but was found guilty of the lesser charge of being a felon in possession of a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump called the verdict “disgraceful” in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/936437372706836480\">tweet\u003c/a>. He has frequently mentioned the case when criticizing local “sanctuary city” policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez-Sanchez is in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Steinle-parents-can-t-sue-SF-for-refusal-to-13714914.php?t=0ee802b2e3\">custody \u003c/a>on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/12/05/568732995/feds-file-new-charges-against-undocumented-immigrant-in-kate-steinle-case\">federal gun charges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a unanimous decision, a three-judge panel of the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals ruled that San Francisco’s then-sheriff, Ross Mirkarimi, violated no federal, state or local laws when he released Juan Francisco Lopez-Sanchez, also known as José Inez Garcia Zarate, on a minor marijuana charge without notifying Immigration and Customs Enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling upholds a lower court decision in dismissing “a general negligence claim” against the city filed by Steinle’s parents. They alleged that Mirkarimi drew up a memorandum instructing city employees to limit the information shared with federal officials about the release of unauthorized immigrants from the San Francisco jail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our holding today makes no judgment as to whether or not the policy established by the memo was wise or prudent. That is not our job,” the panel wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judges said city’s policy did not violate federal law and that Mirkarimi had a right to enforce the memo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The tragic and unnecessary death of Steinle may well underscore the policy argument against Sheriff Mirkarimi’s decision to bar his employees from providing the release date of a many times convicted felon to ICE,” wrote Judge Mark J. Bennett, a Trump appointee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But that policy argument can be acted upon only by California’s state and municipal political branches of government, or perhaps by Congress — but not by federal judges applying California law as determined by the California Supreme Court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinle, 32, was killed as she was walking along a San Francisco pier with her father. She was struck by a single shot from a stolen gun that the defense argued had been accidentally discharged.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2017, Lopez-Sanchez, a five-time deportee, was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/11/30/567625700/jury-in-san-francisco-finds-accused-killer-of-kate-steinle-not-guilty-of-murder\">acquitted\u003c/a> by a San Francisco jury on murder charges, but was found guilty of the lesser charge of being a felon in possession of a firearm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Trump called the verdict “disgraceful” in a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/realDonaldTrump/status/936437372706836480\">tweet\u003c/a>. He has frequently mentioned the case when criticizing local “sanctuary city” policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lopez-Sanchez is in \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/bayarea/article/Steinle-parents-can-t-sue-SF-for-refusal-to-13714914.php?t=0ee802b2e3\">custody \u003c/a>on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2017/12/05/568732995/feds-file-new-charges-against-undocumented-immigrant-in-kate-steinle-case\">federal gun charges\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "For Detained Migrant Children, Fremont Teens Create Postcards of Hope",
"title": "For Detained Migrant Children, Fremont Teens Create Postcards of Hope",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Art and Spanish students at Washington High School are teaming up to design and write postcards for some of the thousands of migrant children in U.S. government custody, hoping it will bring a degree of comfort to kids who crossed the border on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karina Silvestro, 16, designed several postcards with black and white images of holding hands, which she said are meant to show unity and solidarity. As she edited her images to add an etched texture on a computer program, Silvestro said she tried to put herself in the shoes of the children who are far from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feeling it could be a \"scary and tense situation,\" Silvestro said she thought the postcards were maybe \"something that I would like to receive or could keep close to me, something that could give me security.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733246 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anaya De Leon, a senior at Washington High School, shows a postcard she created in her digital imaging class on Feb. 13, 2019. De Leon designed it for migrant children who were separated from parents at the border and are now being held at shelters. \"They need somebody to speak up for them,\" she said. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Silvestro, whose mother came to the U.S. as a refugee from Nicaragua in the 1980s, finished her postcards by adding messages in Spanish. One says, \"You are welcome,\" and another, \"I'm with you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know people like my mother who basically had to leave everything and come to a place that was unfamiliar and probably scary for the first few months she was here,\" said Silvestro. \"I want these kids to know that there are people here who care for you and appreciate you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the 11,500 minors being held at government-run shelters nationwide were first apprehended by U.S. immigration authorities while traveling from Central America without a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='migrant-children' label='More coverage of migrant children']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors are spending an average of three months at the shelters before being released to parents or sponsors in the U.S., according to data for this fiscal year. While critics say it's detrimental for children to be held that long, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services says the speed of release depend on its work with other federal agencies to identify and run background checks on potential sponsors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Washington High, teacher Barbara Boissevain assigned the postcard project to students in a digital imaging class. She was inspired by a 2015 exhibit by renowned Chinese artist Ai Weiwei at the former prison at Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ai Weiwei designed the installation about human rights and freedom of expression while he was under house arrest in Beijing. At the exhibit, visitors could write postcards addressed to political prisoners around the world as part of a campaign to free them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was just a beautiful experience,\" said Boissevain, a photographer and visual artist based in Palo Alto. \"To be able to communicate with somebody who is in solitary confinement, or they're cut off from their community, from their family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=”right” citation=\"Barbara Boissevain, Washington High School teacher\"]'I always want them to think of art as a very powerful tool in the world. And this is such a great example.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until last year that Boissevain read a book by Ai Weiwei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.for-site.org/project/ai-weiwei-alcatraz-yours-truly/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Truly Yours,\u003c/a> and found out prisons were inundated by the postcards — and some of those detainees had been released. That's when she decided to try a similar project with her art students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I always want them to think of art as a very powerful tool in the world. And this is such a great example,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733242 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postcards designed and written by students at Washington High School on Feb. 13, 2019. Teacher Barbara Boissevain plans to send more than 300 cards to shelters for unaccompanied minors in California and Texas. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boissevain said students decided who to create artwork for: While some chose to design postcards for victims of the recent California wildfires, others gravitated towards the plight of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The kids identify with them because they are the same age,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"small\" align=”right” citation=\"Karina Silvestro, 16\"]'I want these kids to know that there are people here who care for you and appreciate you.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diverse ethnic makeup of the high school played a role, too, Boissevain said, noting some of her students from Iraq and Afghanistan have experienced life as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more than 1,900 students at Washington High School are overwhelmingly kids of color, with about half identifying as Asian and 23 percent as Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other postcards that students at Boissevain's class designed show birds flying out of a cage; a blossoming tree, with the words \"Stay Strong\" emblazoned in the middle; and the shapes of kids and adults — a family — holding hands with the word \"Together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help write messages on the back of cards for the Central American minors, Boissevain brought in students in a Spanish class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11733238\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spanish teacher Brandon Pierce translates notes for colleague Barbara Boissevain that his class wrote for unaccompanied minors. \"What was going on in their minds was very heartfelt and that's what ended up getting put down on paper,\" said Pierce of his students, some who are immigrants. \"Hopefully that makes a difference in somebody's day when they get to read this.\" \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Getsa Jimenez, 15, wrote on a postcard: \"I know things don't look so great right now. But don't worry, things will turn out OK in the end.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before writing the messages, Jimenez and her classmates interviewed immigrants about their journeys to the U.S. and researched the issues of asylum seekers and unaccompanied minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important for them to know that they're not alone because these are very tragic moments for them and their families as well,\" said Jimenez. \"I think they're really brave and strong to be there by themselves and keep going.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her classmate Kenneth Alvarado has another message: “You’ll get through it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to give them hope. Just to remind them to not give up,\" said Alvarado, 16. \"That this isn’t the whole world. This little cage isn’t everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Art and Spanish students at Washington High School are teaming up to design and write postcards for some of the thousands of migrant children in U.S. government custody, hoping it will bring a degree of comfort to kids who crossed the border on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Karina Silvestro, 16, designed several postcards with black and white images of holding hands, which she said are meant to show unity and solidarity. As she edited her images to add an etched texture on a computer program, Silvestro said she tried to put herself in the shoes of the children who are far from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feeling it could be a \"scary and tense situation,\" Silvestro said she thought the postcards were maybe \"something that I would like to receive or could keep close to me, something that could give me security.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733246\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733246 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35830_IMG_0530-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Anaya De Leon, a senior at Washington High School, shows a postcard she created in her digital imaging class on Feb. 13, 2019. De Leon designed it for migrant children who were separated from parents at the border and are now being held at shelters. \"They need somebody to speak up for them,\" she said. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Silvestro, whose mother came to the U.S. as a refugee from Nicaragua in the 1980s, finished her postcards by adding messages in Spanish. One says, \"You are welcome,\" and another, \"I'm with you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I know people like my mother who basically had to leave everything and come to a place that was unfamiliar and probably scary for the first few months she was here,\" said Silvestro. \"I want these kids to know that there are people here who care for you and appreciate you.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of the 11,500 minors being held at government-run shelters nationwide were first apprehended by U.S. immigration authorities while traveling from Central America without a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unaccompanied minors are spending an average of three months at the shelters before being released to parents or sponsors in the U.S., according to data for this fiscal year. While critics say it's detrimental for children to be held that long, the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services says the speed of release depend on its work with other federal agencies to identify and run background checks on potential sponsors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Washington High, teacher Barbara Boissevain assigned the postcard project to students in a digital imaging class. She was inspired by a 2015 exhibit by renowned Chinese artist Ai Weiwei at the former prison at Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ai Weiwei designed the installation about human rights and freedom of expression while he was under house arrest in Beijing. At the exhibit, visitors could write postcards addressed to political prisoners around the world as part of a campaign to free them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was just a beautiful experience,\" said Boissevain, a photographer and visual artist based in Palo Alto. \"To be able to communicate with somebody who is in solitary confinement, or they're cut off from their community, from their family.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn't until last year that Boissevain read a book by Ai Weiwei, \u003ca href=\"https://www.for-site.org/project/ai-weiwei-alcatraz-yours-truly/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Truly Yours,\u003c/a> and found out prisons were inundated by the postcards — and some of those detainees had been released. That's when she decided to try a similar project with her art students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I always want them to think of art as a very powerful tool in the world. And this is such a great example,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733242\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11733242 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35838_IMG_0515-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postcards designed and written by students at Washington High School on Feb. 13, 2019. Teacher Barbara Boissevain plans to send more than 300 cards to shelters for unaccompanied minors in California and Texas. \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Boissevain said students decided who to create artwork for: While some chose to design postcards for victims of the recent California wildfires, others gravitated towards the plight of unaccompanied minors seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The kids identify with them because they are the same age,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The diverse ethnic makeup of the high school played a role, too, Boissevain said, noting some of her students from Iraq and Afghanistan have experienced life as refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The more than 1,900 students at Washington High School are overwhelmingly kids of color, with about half identifying as Asian and 23 percent as Latino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other postcards that students at Boissevain's class designed show birds flying out of a cage; a blossoming tree, with the words \"Stay Strong\" emblazoned in the middle; and the shapes of kids and adults — a family — holding hands with the word \"Together.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To help write messages on the back of cards for the Central American minors, Boissevain brought in students in a Spanish class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11733238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11733238\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/03/RS35834_IMG_0502-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spanish teacher Brandon Pierce translates notes for colleague Barbara Boissevain that his class wrote for unaccompanied minors. \"What was going on in their minds was very heartfelt and that's what ended up getting put down on paper,\" said Pierce of his students, some who are immigrants. \"Hopefully that makes a difference in somebody's day when they get to read this.\" \u003ccite>(Farida Jhabvala Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Getsa Jimenez, 15, wrote on a postcard: \"I know things don't look so great right now. But don't worry, things will turn out OK in the end.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before writing the messages, Jimenez and her classmates interviewed immigrants about their journeys to the U.S. and researched the issues of asylum seekers and unaccompanied minors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's very important for them to know that they're not alone because these are very tragic moments for them and their families as well,\" said Jimenez. \"I think they're really brave and strong to be there by themselves and keep going.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her classmate Kenneth Alvarado has another message: “You’ll get through it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Just to give them hope. Just to remind them to not give up,\" said Alvarado, 16. \"That this isn’t the whole world. This little cage isn’t everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Judge: Immigration Must Account for Thousands More Kids Separated From Parents",
"title": "Judge: Immigration Must Account for Thousands More Kids Separated From Parents",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday, 11 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge decided Friday to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more migrant families separated at the border before the Trump administration's \"zero tolerance\" policy was announced in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's ruling vastly increased the number of people potentially eligible for relief under a lawsuit brought by the American Civil Liberties Union that challenged the legality of the family separations, and banned the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 26 of last year, Sabraw ordered the government to reunite the affected families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was holding some 2,800 children separated from parents in shelters nationwide. Since the June ruling, immigration officials have reunited nearly all of those children with parents, or released them to relatives or sponsors in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/ms-l-v-ice-order-class-status\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">order\u003c/a> expanding the class, Sabraw cited a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by the Inspector General for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that found the government had initiated family separations at least a year earlier than the court knew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inspector General said, “thousands of children may have been separated during an influx that began in 2017, before the accounting required by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG's investigation also revealed that inconsistent record keeping of those separations meant there was no way to know the total number of children separated from a parent or guardian by immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the ACLU who represent migrant parents called the OIG's report a bombshell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year they had asked Sabraw to clarify whether families separated before the judge's June injunction should be eligible for the same relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 14-page decision, Sabraw wrote that the parents who had been excluded from the class had experienced the same alleged violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Like the current class members, they too were separated from their children,\" Sabraw wrote. \"They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court made clear that potentially thousands of children’s lives are at stake, and that the Trump administration cannot simply ignore the devastation it has caused,\" ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt said in a statement in response to Sabraw's ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge deferred any discussion of what remedy should be offered to the families to future briefings, but at a hearing in February had indicated the first step would be for the government to provide an accounting of the new class members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it seems to me if this motion is granted, step one, which is a very significant step, would be the accounting, what are the numbers, who are they, where are they? Step two is the remedy,\" Sabraw said. \"When there is an allegation of wrong on this scale, one of the most fundamental obligations of the law is to bring to light what that wrong was and what is the scope of the wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his order Friday Sabraw defined the additional class members as all migrant families separated between July 1, 2017, and June 25, 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time a total of 47,083 children passed through the Office of Refugee Resettlement, the agency within the US Health and Human Services that's responsible for the care of migrant children who arrive without a parent or have been separated from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a court filing by the agency's deputy director, Jallyn Sualog, all of those cases would need to be reviewed to identify which children were separated from a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government had argued that the burden was too great and would take too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw rejected that reasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Although the process for identifying newly proposed class members may be burdensome, it clearly can be done,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw concluded that the extra effort required to identify the additional children could not be considered \"unfair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The hallmark of a civilized society is measured by how it treats its people and those within its borders,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>When Zero Tolerance Really Began\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \"zero tolerance\" policy resulted in widespread criminal prosecution of parents, whose children were taken from them when they were sent to jail, and transferred to government shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy appears to be the public adoption of family separations that began in the earliest days of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was not what Sabraw understood when he issued his June 26, 2018 injunction to halt the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Feb. 21 hearing Sabraw reminded government attorneys that as recently as June 6, 2018, in a motion to dismiss the class action lawsuit on behalf of parents whose children were taken from them, they stated there was no policy or practice of separating families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was the government’s response, and I accept that that response was made in good faith. But thereafter much has come to light,” Sabraw told Deputy Assistant Attorney General Scott Stewart. “What appears to be unknown to everyone here was that ORR had a tremendous spike in the number of unaccompanied children being delivered to them, far before the lawsuit was filed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also unknown to the court, was that O.R.R. had delivered those children out to sponsors before June 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said his decision to limit reunifications to children still in O.R.R. care on June 26th was based on what he knew at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Feb. 21 hearing ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt, told the judge he reserved the right to expand the class further if earlier family separations proved unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How the Trump Administration Expanded Family Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials have long separated children from parents and guardians for cause under an anti-trafficking statute, known as the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (T.V.P.R.A). In 2016, however, those separations rarely occurred, according to the IG's report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children separated from parents made up less than half a percent (0.3 percent) of the children referred to the O.R.R. in 2016, the report noted, but by August of 2017 that number had increased to 3.6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG found that the increase resulted from a letter the U.S. Attorney General sent to federal prosecutors in the Spring of 2017, ordering them to prioritize criminal charges for immigration-related offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG also found that the administration began piloting the \"zero tolerance\" policy in El Paso, Tx. in July 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By December 2017 numerous immigrant advocates alleged a major increase in separations in a complaint filed with the DHS that called for the Inspector General of the agency to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU filed a class action suit challenging the practice in February of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration did not announce its \"zero tolerance\" policy until May of 2018, one month after it had been expanded to the whole southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: An earlier version of this story indicated the government had been ordered to immediately identify thousands more families. In fact, the government has been ordered to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more families. However, in an earlier hearing, the same judge said an “accounting” of new class members is the first step towards a remedy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A federal judge ordered U.S. officials to identify thousands more migrant children taken from parents.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday, 11 a.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge decided Friday to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more migrant families separated at the border before the Trump administration's \"zero tolerance\" policy was announced in 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw's ruling vastly increased the number of people potentially eligible for relief under a lawsuit brought by the American Civil Liberties Union that challenged the legality of the family separations, and banned the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 26 of last year, Sabraw ordered the government to reunite the affected families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, the government was holding some 2,800 children separated from parents in shelters nationwide. Since the June ruling, immigration officials have reunited nearly all of those children with parents, or released them to relatives or sponsors in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/legal-document/ms-l-v-ice-order-class-status\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">order\u003c/a> expanding the class, Sabraw cited a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.hhs.gov/oei/reports/oei-BL-18-00511.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">report\u003c/a> by the Inspector General for the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services that found the government had initiated family separations at least a year earlier than the court knew.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Inspector General said, “thousands of children may have been separated during an influx that began in 2017, before the accounting required by the court.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG's investigation also revealed that inconsistent record keeping of those separations meant there was no way to know the total number of children separated from a parent or guardian by immigration authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys with the ACLU who represent migrant parents called the OIG's report a bombshell.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Late last year they had asked Sabraw to clarify whether families separated before the judge's June injunction should be eligible for the same relief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 14-page decision, Sabraw wrote that the parents who had been excluded from the class had experienced the same alleged violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Like the current class members, they too were separated from their children,\" Sabraw wrote. \"They were not reunited with their children despite the absence of any finding they were unfit parents or presented a danger to their children.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The court made clear that potentially thousands of children’s lives are at stake, and that the Trump administration cannot simply ignore the devastation it has caused,\" ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt said in a statement in response to Sabraw's ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge deferred any discussion of what remedy should be offered to the families to future briefings, but at a hearing in February had indicated the first step would be for the government to provide an accounting of the new class members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So it seems to me if this motion is granted, step one, which is a very significant step, would be the accounting, what are the numbers, who are they, where are they? Step two is the remedy,\" Sabraw said. \"When there is an allegation of wrong on this scale, one of the most fundamental obligations of the law is to bring to light what that wrong was and what is the scope of the wrong.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his order Friday Sabraw defined the additional class members as all migrant families separated between July 1, 2017, and June 25, 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that time a total of 47,083 children passed through the Office of Refugee Resettlement, the agency within the US Health and Human Services that's responsible for the care of migrant children who arrive without a parent or have been separated from them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a court filing by the agency's deputy director, Jallyn Sualog, all of those cases would need to be reviewed to identify which children were separated from a parent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government had argued that the burden was too great and would take too long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw rejected that reasoning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Although the process for identifying newly proposed class members may be burdensome, it clearly can be done,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw concluded that the extra effort required to identify the additional children could not be considered \"unfair.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The hallmark of a civilized society is measured by how it treats its people and those within its borders,\" he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>When Zero Tolerance Really Began\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The \"zero tolerance\" policy resulted in widespread criminal prosecution of parents, whose children were taken from them when they were sent to jail, and transferred to government shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The policy appears to be the public adoption of family separations that began in the earliest days of the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was not what Sabraw understood when he issued his June 26, 2018 injunction to halt the practice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Feb. 21 hearing Sabraw reminded government attorneys that as recently as June 6, 2018, in a motion to dismiss the class action lawsuit on behalf of parents whose children were taken from them, they stated there was no policy or practice of separating families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That was the government’s response, and I accept that that response was made in good faith. But thereafter much has come to light,” Sabraw told Deputy Assistant Attorney General Scott Stewart. “What appears to be unknown to everyone here was that ORR had a tremendous spike in the number of unaccompanied children being delivered to them, far before the lawsuit was filed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also unknown to the court, was that O.R.R. had delivered those children out to sponsors before June 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sabraw said his decision to limit reunifications to children still in O.R.R. care on June 26th was based on what he knew at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the Feb. 21 hearing ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt, told the judge he reserved the right to expand the class further if earlier family separations proved unlawful.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>How the Trump Administration Expanded Family Separations\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials have long separated children from parents and guardians for cause under an anti-trafficking statute, known as the Trafficking Victims Protection Reauthorization Act (T.V.P.R.A). In 2016, however, those separations rarely occurred, according to the IG's report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children separated from parents made up less than half a percent (0.3 percent) of the children referred to the O.R.R. in 2016, the report noted, but by August of 2017 that number had increased to 3.6 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG found that the increase resulted from a letter the U.S. Attorney General sent to federal prosecutors in the Spring of 2017, ordering them to prioritize criminal charges for immigration-related offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IG also found that the administration began piloting the \"zero tolerance\" policy in El Paso, Tx. in July 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By December 2017 numerous immigrant advocates alleged a major increase in separations in a complaint filed with the DHS that called for the Inspector General of the agency to investigate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ACLU filed a class action suit challenging the practice in February of 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration did not announce its \"zero tolerance\" policy until May of 2018, one month after it had been expanded to the whole southern border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Correction: An earlier version of this story indicated the government had been ordered to immediately identify thousands more families. In fact, the government has been ordered to expand a class action lawsuit to include thousands more families. However, in an earlier hearing, the same judge said an “accounting” of new class members is the first step towards a remedy.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'Sanctuary' Cities are Getting Law Enforcement Grants Despite Threats From Trump Administration",
"title": "'Sanctuary' Cities are Getting Law Enforcement Grants Despite Threats From Trump Administration",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>About 18 months after the Trump administration threatened to withhold law enforcement grants from nearly 30 places around the country it felt weren't doing enough to work with federal immigration agents, all but one have received or been cleared to get the money, the Justice Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, courts chipped away at the crackdown that escalated in November 2017 with letters from the Justice Department of former Attorney General Jeff Sessions to 29 cities, metro areas, counties or states it considered as having adopted \"sanctuary policies\" saying those policies may violate federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 29 jurisdictions include cities as large as Los Angeles and as small as Burlington, Vermont. Of the listed jurisdictions, 12 are from California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Contra Costa County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los Angeles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monterey County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Riverside County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sacramento County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>City and County of San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Ana\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Clara County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sonoma County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Only Oregon has yet to be cleared to receive the grants from 2017, a Justice Department spokesman told The Associated Press this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vermont officials announced Monday that they had been told the state Department of Public Safety would be getting $2.3 million in law enforcement grants that had been blocked. Vermont had not joined any of the legal cases, instead corresponding directly with the Justice Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Patrick Leahy, a Vermont Democrat, declared victory, saying the money would be used primarily on anti-drug efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State and local law enforcement agencies already are stretched thin, and withholding these federal grants only makes their work more difficult,\" Leahy said in an email to the AP. \"It's unthinkable that the Trump Justice Department would hold these funds hostage over an unrelated dispute on immigration policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, the U.S. Conference of Mayors sued in Illinois on behalf of its member cities focusing on the issue. In September, a federal court temporarily blocked the Justice Department from withholding the funds for the jurisdictions represented by the conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conference's litigation is now focused on making the order affecting the 2017 grants permanent and apply to 2018 grants, as well, said Kate O'Brien, a Chicago attorney who represented the mayors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other federal courts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11696955/federal-judge-rules-for-s-f-and-california-in-sanctuary-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have ruled\u003c/a> against the Justice Department. Similar cases are being litigated across the country, and the Justice Department is considering appealing some unfavorable rulings.\u003cbr>\nThe Trump administration has long argued that places that don't cooperate with federal immigration authorities, often called \"sanctuary cities,\" pose a threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I continue to urge all jurisdictions under review to reconsider policies that place the safety of their communities and their residents at risk,\" Sessions said in a statement in January 2018. \"Protecting criminal aliens from federal immigration authorities defies common sense and undermines the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details differ by jurisdiction, but the Justice Department felt law enforcement agencies in those communities weren't sufficiently committing themselves to cooperating with federal immigration agents when officers came in contact with people who might not be in the country legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from confirming the clearance of grants to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sends-letters-29-jurisdictions-regarding-their-compliance-8-usc-1373\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">28 jurisdictions\u003c/a>, Justice Department spokesman Steven Stafford declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, but not all, of the 28 jurisdictions were cleared for the grants without changing the policies that triggered the original concern from the Justice Department, now led by Attorney General William Barr. And not all of the places actually have the money in hand yet, or have been told they've been cleared to get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Martinez, the county attorney for Bernalillo County, New Mexico, said officials there had yet to hear about 2017 grant funding and are eager to get it. \"It will be incredibly helpful,\" Martinez said. \"I can tell you there's been a high level of frustration from people on both sides of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In West Palm Beach, Florida, the Justice Department was concerned about the wording of a city resolution dealing with police investigations involving citizenship or immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago, a memo was sent to city employees saying they \"may\" share information with federal authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So no funds (were) lost on our end,\" said police Sgt. David Lefont, noting the total was less than $100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the threatened cities ended up changing their policies amounts to at least a partial victory for the Trump administration, said Jessica Vaughan, the director of policy studies for the Center For Immigration Studies, which advocates for tight restrictions on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it looks like to me, the Trump Administration is not able to fully enforce cooperation with ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) to the extent they would like to, but it is able to fully enforce compliance with existing federal law that some sanctuary jurisdictions have had to change their policies in order to get their money,\" Vaughan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other jurisdictions were cleared to get the money without having to change anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court in our cases, and in similar cases throughout the country, has found the attorney general is not authorized to impose these conditions,\" said O'Brien, the attorney for the mayors' group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vermont settlement of the 2017 grants is among the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the 2017 letters were sent, federal courts across the country \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">had begun to rule\u003c/a> against the Trump administration's efforts. And they continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruled\u003c/a> Feb. 15 that the Justice Department exceeded its authority and ordered a permanent, nationwide injunction against requiring police departments to cooperate with immigration authorities in order to receive the grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oregon, the only one of the 29 jurisdictions not yet cleared for the 2017 grants, last fall filed its own lawsuit against the Justice Department. The lawsuit, which also covers grants for 2018, accused Trump and Matthew Whitaker, acting attorney general at the time, of trying to \"impermissibly commandeer the resources\" of Oregon and its largest city, Portland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, these grants have provided millions of dollars to law enforcement in Oregon,\" Rosenblum said in November. \"But, suddenly these public safety funds have been withdrawn because Oregon will not submit to U.S. DOJ's demand that Oregon participate in its immigration enforcement efforts.\"\u003cbr>\n___\u003cbr>\nContributing to this report were Associated Press writers Eliot Spagat in San Diego; Paul Elias in San Francisco; Susan Montoya Bryan in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Andrew Selsky in Salem, Oregon; and AP News Researcher Jennifer Farrar in New York.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>About 18 months after the Trump administration threatened to withhold law enforcement grants from nearly 30 places around the country it felt weren't doing enough to work with federal immigration agents, all but one have received or been cleared to get the money, the Justice Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, courts chipped away at the crackdown that escalated in November 2017 with letters from the Justice Department of former Attorney General Jeff Sessions to 29 cities, metro areas, counties or states it considered as having adopted \"sanctuary policies\" saying those policies may violate federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 29 jurisdictions include cities as large as Los Angeles and as small as Burlington, Vermont. Of the listed jurisdictions, 12 are from California:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Contra Costa County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Los Angeles\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monterey County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Riverside County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sacramento County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>City and County of San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Ana\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Santa Clara County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sonoma County\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Watsonville\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Only Oregon has yet to be cleared to receive the grants from 2017, a Justice Department spokesman told The Associated Press this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vermont officials announced Monday that they had been told the state Department of Public Safety would be getting $2.3 million in law enforcement grants that had been blocked. Vermont had not joined any of the legal cases, instead corresponding directly with the Justice Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Sen. Patrick Leahy, a Vermont Democrat, declared victory, saying the money would be used primarily on anti-drug efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"State and local law enforcement agencies already are stretched thin, and withholding these federal grants only makes their work more difficult,\" Leahy said in an email to the AP. \"It's unthinkable that the Trump Justice Department would hold these funds hostage over an unrelated dispute on immigration policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last summer, the U.S. Conference of Mayors sued in Illinois on behalf of its member cities focusing on the issue. In September, a federal court temporarily blocked the Justice Department from withholding the funds for the jurisdictions represented by the conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conference's litigation is now focused on making the order affecting the 2017 grants permanent and apply to 2018 grants, as well, said Kate O'Brien, a Chicago attorney who represented the mayors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other federal courts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11696955/federal-judge-rules-for-s-f-and-california-in-sanctuary-case\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">have ruled\u003c/a> against the Justice Department. Similar cases are being litigated across the country, and the Justice Department is considering appealing some unfavorable rulings.\u003cbr>\nThe Trump administration has long argued that places that don't cooperate with federal immigration authorities, often called \"sanctuary cities,\" pose a threat to public safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I continue to urge all jurisdictions under review to reconsider policies that place the safety of their communities and their residents at risk,\" Sessions said in a statement in January 2018. \"Protecting criminal aliens from federal immigration authorities defies common sense and undermines the rule of law.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The details differ by jurisdiction, but the Justice Department felt law enforcement agencies in those communities weren't sufficiently committing themselves to cooperating with federal immigration agents when officers came in contact with people who might not be in the country legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Aside from confirming the clearance of grants to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/justice-department-sends-letters-29-jurisdictions-regarding-their-compliance-8-usc-1373\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">28 jurisdictions\u003c/a>, Justice Department spokesman Steven Stafford declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some, but not all, of the 28 jurisdictions were cleared for the grants without changing the policies that triggered the original concern from the Justice Department, now led by Attorney General William Barr. And not all of the places actually have the money in hand yet, or have been told they've been cleared to get it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ken Martinez, the county attorney for Bernalillo County, New Mexico, said officials there had yet to hear about 2017 grant funding and are eager to get it. \"It will be incredibly helpful,\" Martinez said. \"I can tell you there's been a high level of frustration from people on both sides of the issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In West Palm Beach, Florida, the Justice Department was concerned about the wording of a city resolution dealing with police investigations involving citizenship or immigration status.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A year ago, a memo was sent to city employees saying they \"may\" share information with federal authorities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So no funds (were) lost on our end,\" said police Sgt. David Lefont, noting the total was less than $100,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the threatened cities ended up changing their policies amounts to at least a partial victory for the Trump administration, said Jessica Vaughan, the director of policy studies for the Center For Immigration Studies, which advocates for tight restrictions on immigration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"What it looks like to me, the Trump Administration is not able to fully enforce cooperation with ICE (Immigration and Customs Enforcement) to the extent they would like to, but it is able to fully enforce compliance with existing federal law that some sanctuary jurisdictions have had to change their policies in order to get their money,\" Vaughan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But other jurisdictions were cleared to get the money without having to change anything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court in our cases, and in similar cases throughout the country, has found the attorney general is not authorized to impose these conditions,\" said O'Brien, the attorney for the mayors' group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vermont settlement of the 2017 grants is among the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even before the 2017 letters were sent, federal courts across the country \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">had begun to rule\u003c/a> against the Trump administration's efforts. And they continue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in Los Angeles \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/a0e35587fcfa42f6bb767a3829325273\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ruled\u003c/a> Feb. 15 that the Justice Department exceeded its authority and ordered a permanent, nationwide injunction against requiring police departments to cooperate with immigration authorities in order to receive the grants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oregon, the only one of the 29 jurisdictions not yet cleared for the 2017 grants, last fall filed its own lawsuit against the Justice Department. The lawsuit, which also covers grants for 2018, accused Trump and Matthew Whitaker, acting attorney general at the time, of trying to \"impermissibly commandeer the resources\" of Oregon and its largest city, Portland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For years, these grants have provided millions of dollars to law enforcement in Oregon,\" Rosenblum said in November. \"But, suddenly these public safety funds have been withdrawn because Oregon will not submit to U.S. DOJ's demand that Oregon participate in its immigration enforcement efforts.\"\u003cbr>\n___\u003cbr>\nContributing to this report were Associated Press writers Eliot Spagat in San Diego; Paul Elias in San Francisco; Susan Montoya Bryan in Albuquerque, New Mexico; Andrew Selsky in Salem, Oregon; and AP News Researcher Jennifer Farrar in New York.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday at 1 pm\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection took 28 families into custody Saturday night who are seeking to be reunified with children, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of immigrant parents whose children were taken from them at the border last year showed up en masse at the U.S.-Mexico border on Saturday seeking to re-enter the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the 28 families say all of the parents who presented themselves at the Calexico West Port of Entry have a legal right to be reunited with their children under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727820/judge-says-families-separated-in-2017-suffered-same-injustice-as-more-recent-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a federal class-action settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">Family Separations at the Border\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1067868922-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On June 26, 2018, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ordered the Trump Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to stop separating migrant families\u003c/a> and reunite roughly 2,800 kids in U.S. custody with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, government officials told the court that more than 400 mothers and fathers had already been deported without their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials gave the parents two choices: have their children returned to them in their home countries or leave them in the U.S. to pursue an asylum claim on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents were becoming increasingly desperate,” said Erika Pinheiro, an immigration attorney with the non-profit Al Otro Lado who accompanied the families to submit their asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government also agreed to consider letting the parents back into the US to be with their children. Pinheiro says parents who asked to return submitted those requests on December 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government had 30 days to respond,” she said. “Then there was a government shutdown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a text message Sunday, Pinheiro said CBP officers initially said they \"had no capacity\" to process the families' claims, but later in the day took physical custody of their applications for asylum and admitted all of them into CBP custody by 8 pm Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the parents are traveling with their other children, including a 3-month-old, because they did not want to be separated again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One father from Honduras — who asked to be referred to as Mr. M because he feared for his family’s safety — traveled to the U.S. in April 2018 with his teenage son. After they crossed the Rio Grande from Reynoso, Mexico to Texas, they were taken into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M said when immigration officials threatened to take him away from his son, the boy cried, “‘Daddy, don’t leave me!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He grabbed onto me,” Mr. M. said. “He held on tight. And I held onto him too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were separated and Mr. M was not told the whereabouts of his son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Mr. M refused to sign a voluntary departure order but eventually relented. When he returned to Honduras with the news, he said the boy’s mother became inconsolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother \"would cry every day and she wasn’t eating anymore,” said Mr. M, choking back tears. “Since I was stronger, I had to go back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M's son was eventually released from government custody to relatives in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Max Rivlin-Nadler and Vianey Contreras contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Sunday at 1 pm\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Customs and Border Protection took 28 families into custody Saturday night who are seeking to be reunified with children, according to immigration attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of immigrant parents whose children were taken from them at the border last year showed up en masse at the U.S.-Mexico border on Saturday seeking to re-enter the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorneys for the 28 families say all of the parents who presented themselves at the Calexico West Port of Entry have a legal right to be reunited with their children under \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11727820/judge-says-families-separated-in-2017-suffered-same-injustice-as-more-recent-cases\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a federal class-action settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">Family Separations at the Border\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/family-separation\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1067868922-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>On June 26, 2018, U.S. District Judge Dana Sabraw ordered the Trump Administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11677646/judge-bars-migrant-family-separations-orders-return-of-children-within-30-days\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">to stop separating migrant families\u003c/a> and reunite roughly 2,800 kids in U.S. custody with their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the time, government officials told the court that more than 400 mothers and fathers had already been deported without their children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigration officials gave the parents two choices: have their children returned to them in their home countries or leave them in the U.S. to pursue an asylum claim on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Parents were becoming increasingly desperate,” said Erika Pinheiro, an immigration attorney with the non-profit Al Otro Lado who accompanied the families to submit their asylum claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government also agreed to consider letting the parents back into the US to be with their children. Pinheiro says parents who asked to return submitted those requests on December 15.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The government had 30 days to respond,” she said. “Then there was a government shutdown.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a text message Sunday, Pinheiro said CBP officers initially said they \"had no capacity\" to process the families' claims, but later in the day took physical custody of their applications for asylum and admitted all of them into CBP custody by 8 pm Saturday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the parents are traveling with their other children, including a 3-month-old, because they did not want to be separated again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One father from Honduras — who asked to be referred to as Mr. M because he feared for his family’s safety — traveled to the U.S. in April 2018 with his teenage son. After they crossed the Rio Grande from Reynoso, Mexico to Texas, they were taken into custody.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M said when immigration officials threatened to take him away from his son, the boy cried, “‘Daddy, don’t leave me!’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He grabbed onto me,” Mr. M. said. “He held on tight. And I held onto him too.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were separated and Mr. M was not told the whereabouts of his son.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, Mr. M refused to sign a voluntary departure order but eventually relented. When he returned to Honduras with the news, he said the boy’s mother became inconsolable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His mother \"would cry every day and she wasn’t eating anymore,” said Mr. M, choking back tears. “Since I was stronger, I had to go back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mr. M's son was eventually released from government custody to relatives in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Max Rivlin-Nadler and Vianey Contreras contributed to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"morning-edition": {
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"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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},
"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"order": 5
},
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
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