Farmworkers' 24-Day March Culminates in Sacramento, Pressuring Newsom to Sign Union Bill
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"title": "What Is a Mission-Style Burrito? Maybe … a Myth",
"headTitle": "What Is a Mission-Style Burrito? Maybe … a Myth | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there is any meal that is universally loved, burritos would surely be a top contender. A combination of beans, rice and marinated, slowly cooked meat provide a hearty foundation. Add some toppings that run the gamut — from pico de gallo to salsa, from cheese to sour cream, and, of course, veggies — and a warm flour tortilla for a perfectly wrapped meal. [baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the simple formula, burritos are ever-evolving and are perfectly positioned for a number of fusion innovations like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/106808/sorry-sushi-burrito-japanese-program-certifies-authentic-cuisine\">Sushirrito\u003c/a> or the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13929778/afghan-burrito-berkeley-golden-sauce\">Afghan burrito\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, a slew of Bay Curious listeners have asked about burritos, usually some form of these two questions: “Were burritos invented in San Francisco?” and “What exactly is a ‘Mission-style’ burrito?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Origins of a legend\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many Americans have been told that the burrito was created here in the United States, but others say that burritos are a Mexican creation through and through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are claiming that it’s American and a lot of people do not know that Sonora [does] not have corn tortillas,” said Francisco Hernandez, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.elmetate.com/\">El Metate\u003c/a>, a Mission District taqueria on Bryant and 22nd Street. “They only have flour tortillas, so the burrito originally was created in Sonora.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/dining/2021/11/19/how-make-classic-sonoran-burros-de-machaca/8576497002/\">One theory for how burritos came about\u003c/a> is that the people of Sonora, a northern Mexican state that borders Arizona and New Mexico, used flour tortillas, because they traveled better on donkeys, called “burros” in Spanish. This might also be how the burrito, which literally translates to “little donkey,” got its name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some claim that the \u003ca href=\"https://naatikmexico.org/blog/beyond-the-burrito-food-in-the-yucatn-peninsula\">burrito dates back even further\u003c/a> to the Mayan empire when people stuffed veggies, and sometimes meat, into corn tortillas. Though some Mayan cuisine has surely influenced burritos, like \u003ca href=\"https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1018283-cochinita-pibil?smid=url-share\">cochinita pibil\u003c/a>, modern burritos are famously made with flour tortillas. Another popular theory is that the modern-day burrito got its start \u003ca href=\"https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/food-and-drink/2022/02/11/el-origen-de-los-burritos-sabor-norteno-que-traspaso-fronteras-hasta-el-super-bowl/\">after Spanish colonization\u003c/a> in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, another northern Mexican state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any origin story when it comes to Mexican food, very few of them are indisputable,” said Gustavo Arellano, a \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> columnist and author of \u003cem>Taco USA: How Mexican Food Conquered America\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Born in San Francisco, eaten everywhere\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some time after the burrito came to San Francisco, it grew in size and, subsequently, in popularity. These large, foil-wrapped burritos came to be marketed as “Mission-style” burritos at some restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for who first created a “Mission-style” burrito, the origin is, unsurprisingly, disputed. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tlctaco.com/\">La Cumbre\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.elfarosoma.com\">El Faro\u003c/a>, two long-standing taquerias in San Francisco’s Mission District, are often brought up as the creators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you think of a burrito, you think humongous, humongous [wrapped] in foil,” Arellano exclaimed. “And you get to customize it to your own taste, and you say, ‘Oh, I can’t eat it. It’s too much.’ And then you eat it. You’re like, ‘Oh, my God, I’m so full,’ but you kind of don’t regret it. And then you do it again. What Americans now consider to be a burrito is the ‘Mission-style’ burrito.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arellano says the fast-casual food chain Chipotle spread this style of burrito around the U.S. in the mid-1990s. Chipotle’s founder modeled his business after the taquerias he used to frequent when he lived in San Francisco, bringing so-called “Mission-style” to the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11961196\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11961196\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito-800x795.jpg\" alt=\"Hand holding a large burrito stuffed with filling and wrapped in foil, cut in half.\" width=\"800\" height=\"795\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito-800x795.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito-160x159.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito.jpg 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A carne asada burrito from La Taqueria in San Francisco’s Mission District. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of La Taqueria/Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Miguel Jara, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/lataqueriasf/?hl=en\">La Taqueria\u003c/a> which \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2023/08/04/la-taqueria-arguably-the-creator-of-the-mission-burrito-celebrates-50-years-in-business/\">celebrated 50 years\u003c/a> in the Mission this year, remembers getting burritos in the 1960s from a woman named Micaela Duran, who founded La Cumbre alongside her husband, Raul Duran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before me, there was a taco place out here, it’s called La Cumbre, and [it] had a meat market,” Jara said. “Miki was a real wonderful woman. She always called me ‘mijo’ (my son) and stuff like that when I saw her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jara said Duran is credited with combining two flour tortillas to create an extra large burrito for hungry firemen who would come into the restaurant, and Hernandez, El Metate’s founder, echoed the same story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether that’s true or not, I have no idea,” Jara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The sturdy Mission burrito falls apart\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But whether or not the Mission-style burrito truly started in San Francisco might be a moot point because the very people Bay Curious spoke to about its origin story find its existence a little dubious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[What] do you mean [by] a Mission-style burrito?” Hernandez heartily chuckled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still laughing, Hernandez explained that even though many customers and media outlets regard El Metate’s burritos as “Mission-style,” he’s against the moniker because he simply makes burritos in the way that he traditionally would in Guanajuato, Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true for Jara, and even though La Taqueria’s burritos lack rice, the restaurant is still regarded as one of the pioneers for the Mission burrito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, Jara said, “I don’t know what’s a Mission-style burrito.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These two taqueria titans don’t stand alone in this sentiment. Cecilia Peña-Govea, more commonly known as the artist \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ladona415/\">La Doña\u003c/a>, moonlights as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/column/article/sf-burrito-review-gordo-taqueria-16978433.php\">chief burrito reviewer for SF Gate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does the Mission-style burrito exist? I mean, maybe,” she said. “As somebody who grew up enduring a lot of the violences of displacement and gentrification, I see the way in which cultural assets are packaged and commoditized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peña-Govea remarks that “Mission-style” seems to be more of a term for outsiders, rather than for the people who make or grew up eating the food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think you just gotta keep an eye on who is marketing something as authentic or inauthentic,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem definitely isn’t the food, but the term. If “Mission style” was a tortilla itself, it might deteriorate, collapse under the sauciness of an idea that in one instance is too simple and too amorphous to contain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the case, burritos — and maybe especially those that are falling apart — taste good, they can make you feel good, and like Arellano said, you’re always going to keep going back for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hey everyone. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. This is the Bay Curious podcast where we answer listener questions about the San Francisco Bay Area. I want to start off this week’s episode with an ice breaker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[music] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If you could eat only one food for the rest of your life, what would it be? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sarah:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Okay, I’m just going to say the first thought. Best thought. And that would be nachos. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Josh:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It would be really, really good bread and butter. That’s like, there’s no better food than that. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eric: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I would love to eat potstickers for the rest of my life because you get the carbs which is on the outside, and then you get your veggies and meat or whatever you want in the filling so you can be creative. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Oscar:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Fried chicken. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And why? Fried chicken. What is it about it? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Oscar:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Oh, I [beep] love fried chicken. [laugh] So good!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nik:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Pasta because I’m Italian and it’s in my blood. My blood is marinara and mozzarella. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> This is probably one of the hardest questions I’ve ever been asked in my life. [laughs then pauses] I’m going to go with burritos. I’ve never found myself, like, opposed to eating a burrito. Or if anybody asked me to go out and get any of them. So yeah. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. You’re never like, not in the mood for a burrito, right? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Those are the voices of some of my colleagues at KQED. As for me, it’s a burrito. Obviously! I’m actually sort of shocked more people didn’t give that answer. Burritos have that perfect combination of carbs, protein and veggies, all wrapped up in a portable package… oohh yeah! Delicious.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now I know a lot of YOU love burritos too because over the years you’ve sent in a lot of questions about them. Most often, questions asking about the history of the burrito. Like: Was the burrito invented in San Francisco? And what exactly is a \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mission-style \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">burrito?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To start in on some answers, we went to an expert…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">My name is Gustavo Arellano. I’m a columnist for the \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> and also author of the book, \u003cem>Taco U.S.A. How Mexican Food Conquered America\u003c/em>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Arellano is also a burrito historian, a job that I really wish I had known was an option when I was choosing a career…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Any origin story when it comes to Mexican food, very few of them [laugh] are indisputable. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It’s tough to nail down exactly where burritos truly come from. … but what we do know is that the most popular style of burrito in America has roots that run through San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When you think of a burrito, you think humongous, humongous in a foil. And you get to customize it to your own tastes and you say, “Oh I can’t eat it. It’s too much.” And then you eat it. “You’re like, Oh, my God, I’m so full,” but you kind of don’t regret it. And then you do it again. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, what took over what Americans now consider to be a burrito is the “Mission-style” burrito. And that’s all because of Chipotle spreading around in the mid-1990s. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I’ll be honest, it feels like blasphemy to even utter the name “Chipotle” in a Bay Curious episode about burritos, but it’s true — the chain played a part in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">popularizing\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the style of burritos that have taken over the U.S.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The founder of Chipotle used to live in San Francisco and when he decided to open a burrito chain in Colorado, he modeled his business off the taquerias he knew and loved here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[Music]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So he got that exact same, what I call the stations of the burrito, the different stations really to customize your burrito. He replicated that, spread it around the country because, a big Mission-style burrito — it’s perfect college late night food. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But — here’s a hot take — what if we told you that the Mission-style burrito, America’s most popular burrito, doesn’t really exist?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you mean about “Mission style?” [laughs] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Today on the show, we’re visiting some of the most legendary taquerias in San Francisco to learn about the history of burritos in this town from the people who have dedicated their lives to making them. We’ll get to it right after this…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[BREAK] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED podcasts engagement producer César Saldaña went to explore the neighborhood where the legend of this popular food is centered… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mission-style burritos are kind of this amorphous thing that no one really knows how to describe except to say that they’re big and wrapped in foil. And of course, you can find them in San Francisco’s Mission District. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, I start out at one of the oldest taqueria’s in the Mission, aptly named La Taqueria, which just celebrated its 50th anniversary this year. It’s also one of the most well known taqueria’s in the neighborhood and has even won a James Beard award. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[AMBI: Sounds of the busy restaurant outside] \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The façade of the building is modeled to look kind of like an old Mission: white stucco with two large archways and brickwork instead of sidewalk. When I visited around lunchtime on a recent Friday, the restaurant was packed and the line of people waiting to order extended down the block. La Taqueria is still owned and run by its original founder, 82-year-old Miguel Jara. When I got there, he was taking orders and handing roses to his customers, so I asked him what that was about. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara:\u003c/b>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many years ago. This girl brought me a dozen of flowers. And I can’t take them home because my wife is going to get pissed off. Right? So I started giving them to people. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Miguel has a big smile and a bigger personality, and when he’s in the restaurant he spends a lot of time interacting with his customers. He’s originally from Tijuana, the Mexican city that borders San Diego, and he has a unique charm that … if you’re familiar with Tijuana … you know can only come from there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>Y en Tijuana, tienen unos tacos bien ricos. En todos lados! Cualquier comida que comes en Tijuana está sabrosa.\u003c/em> So you understand all that? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Miguel says that the tacos in Tijuana are delicious, and the city he grew up in shaped how he thinks about food, and how he cooks. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And you can taste it in La Taqueria’s menu.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it’s not just the food that he’s put his heart into. Miguel has decided and shaped the feel of the entire restaurant.\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are lots of personal touches. The bottles of green salsa that sit on every table in the restaurant are his mother’s recipe which hasn’t changed since La Taqueria opened. But over 50 years, some things have changed, including the prices…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How much was a burrito back then when you first opened? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> $0.90. The taco was $0.60. Quesadillas $0.25, sodas were $0.25. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alright so inflation, [both laugh] after 50 years!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But that’s not all, he says that the \u003c/span>menu\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has adapted, depending on what his customers have asked for. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then somebody comes over and says, “What’s that?” Oh, that’s a quesadilla. He says, “Can you put meat on it?” Well I don’t see why not. And then somebody else comes over and says, “Hey, could you make that a little crispy?” Well, let’s try it! So they made their little menu, you know. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The food is obviously good. But don’t just take my word for it. A couple of his customers who happened to be grabbing lunch came up to us to say goodbye to Miguel. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A mother and daughter duo, they excitedly told me that they’d been eating at La Taqueria for 47 years.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[background conversation in Spanish]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maria Delia Melgar is 96. I asked her if she remembers when she first started coming to La Taqueria\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia Melgar: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>Oooh desde que nació\u003c/em>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She says she’s been coming since the place first opened.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> ¿Que comida le gusta aquí en el restaurante? \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia Melgar:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Toda la comida. Carne asada. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Daughter: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ella predicaba y se traía a toda la gente aquí a comer. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Maria Delia’s daughter says her mom loves dining with friends and family at La Taqueria. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And she says that she used to go to a place like this in El Salvador, where she grew up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yo tuve uno alla en El Salvador, este mismo negocio aprendía ser yo a tanta clientes. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And even though she may be Salvadoran, she says she loves Mexican food.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Después de la salvadoreña, la mexicana. Si.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Its loyal customer base is one of the main reasons La Taqueria has been able to stay open for half a century. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It might also help that in article after article, it’s named as one of the best places to get a quote-unquote “Mission-style” burrito. Although notably, unlike most other Mission taquerias, their burritos don’t include rice. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what does Miguel himself think about Mission-style burritos?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I don’t know what’s a Mission-style burrito. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Miguel thinks a burrito is just a burrito, whatever you put in it. But there is a sort of legend about the origins of the Mission-style burrito…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Before me there was a taco place out here, it’s called La Cumbre. Raul was the owner. And he had a meat market. Miki was a real wonderful woman. She always called me “mijo” and stuff like that when I saw her. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Miguel says Miki cooked great food, and the story goes that the firefighters from the nearby station would come in extra hungry. So she put two flour tortillas together, filled them with rice, beans, and meat, and that’s where the Mission burrito started.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether that’s true or not. I have no idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> As for the often repeated story that burritos were originally invented in the States, and not Mexico… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">in Mexico, they did burritos a long time ago. I can tell you it was 1957, ’58 — Boliches Corona. It was on the main street and they used to have burritos there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I heard a similar thing from another Mission District restaurateur. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A lot of people are claiming that it’s American and it’s not. Because a lot of people do not know that Sonora do not have corn tortillas. They only have flour tortillas. So the burrito originally was created and done in Sonora.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Francisco Hernandez owns El Metate, another longtime Mission taqueria on Bryant and 22nd Street. He also mentioned La Cumbre and the meat market and that same woman, Miki, who originally joined two flour tortillas together to make huge burritos … before La Taqueria and El Metate even opened. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, if the Mission-style burrito exists, we’ve got two taqueria founders claiming the same story. And it definitely wasn’t Chipotle that created them. But when I asked about Mission-style burritos Francisco just sort of chuckled. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yes. What you mean Mission-style? [laughs]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b> \u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, if El Metate doesn’t make “Mission-style burritos,” what do they make?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I’m very picky because I know what I want and I know what I want to present to my people. My customers. My only goal is fresh Mexican cuisine, fresh rice, fresh beans, fresh meat. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Francisco credits his success to the quality of his food, not any sort of moniker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of the day, burritos are an ever-evolving cuisine, especially here in the Bay. and at El Metate, one of their most popular burritos is even made with mole… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A traditional Mexican sauce that’s a meal on its own, made with a laundry list of ingredients including chilis, nuts, chocolate, veggies, and spices. It’s a labor of love that everyone does a bit differently … and it’s one of my favorite comfort foods.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although I’ve never seen it incorporated into a burrito before!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The day that I visited the restaurant, I had lunch with Cecilia Peña-Govea, aka the singer La Doña, aka chief burrito reviewer for SF Gate. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I grew up coming here. I came here when it first opened because our friend Duffy, who lives right here, she started coming here as soon as the place opened.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We decided to try the popular mole burrito and we even went back into the kitchen to learn how to make it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[Sounds of a Kitchen/cooking Ambi]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> So we meet Rosendo, who’s been cooking for El Metate for 20 years.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Este es el pollo asado.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Y el mole —\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">¿Que tiene el mole? \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem> El Mole tiene el tres chiles: el chile de california, tiene chile negro, tiene chile ancho.\u003c/em> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Rosendo adds chicken, beans, and rice into the burrito and adds some toppings before drenching the whole thing in mole and wrapping it up in foil. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[sounds of scooping then wrapping in foil]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And when Cecilia asks if this burrito is made in a Mission-style way…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Y este es de estilo San Francisiense o…?\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Mm … nosotros somos del estado Guanajuato. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Asi lo hacen alli? \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Si, tradicionalmente allá. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He’s making it the same way Francisco would back in the Mexican state of Guanajuato.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And finally, Rosendo gave us the burrito, and Cecilia and I sat down in El Metate’s brightly colored dining room and dug in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[foil noises, eating]\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ok it’s good. It’s really really good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Gova: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mm hmm, ok. This is a nice round and salty mole. In this case, they have you can tell that they obviously have gotten a good fry on the spices before they integrate all the ingredients. But yeah, it’s bomb. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it should come as no surprise that it’s so good …because Francisco’s mother is behind the recipe.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Well, my mom’s Mole was never sweet. She said that the pepper had to be flavorful, but not sweet. My version of the mole It has a little bit of chocolate. It has the spices that she would use. It has garlic and onions. It’s something that is so popular that if we don’t have it, People ask for it. And it’s not on the menu. It’s a special.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> You heard it here first. The mole burrito is a secret menu item for those in the know … and now, you’re in the know. Francisco’s chicken mole burrito was definitely a first for me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">These sorts of innovations attract new customers and keep people coming back. And like Miguel mentioned, his customers have even come up with some new inventions for La Taqueria. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, at this point in the story, we’ve got two titans of burritos in the Mission who don’t know what a “Mission-style burrito” is … the idea of its existence breaks down even further when we consider culture. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, after finishing our mole burritos, Cecilia and I headed over to KQED studios to dive even deeper. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does the Mission-style burrito exist? Mm. I mean, maybe. But I think it looks different for everybody. You know? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you mean by that?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It’s not like my brain is confused and I’m like, “What is it?” It’s more of that, like, as somebody who grew up enduring a lot of the violences of displacement and gentrification, I see the way in which cultural assets are packaged and commoditized. I don’t know, I don’t like it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does it make you feel like Mission-style burritos are a creation that maybe comes from\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the neighborhood and culture but isn’t for the neighborhood and culture?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I think that anything that’s going to be like, this is the Mission style, blah, blah, blah, I automatically roll my eyes. I think that like a lot of us just become very kind of sketched out when there is kind of that vibe of like asking us to kind of identify and package any cultural asset or facet of cultural production. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like you’re being observed? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yeah. It’s just so like, I don’t know, like, I don’t know, what am I going to tell you?\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it kind of sounds like you’re picking up on the authenticity — and I know that’s a loaded word — but, like, the authenticity of the term itself and not the food. Like, maybe it doesn’t fit because it’s made to market something that has sort of always existed and always been here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I think authenticity is kind of like a marketing tool. So I think you just gotta keep an eye on who is marketing something as authentic or inauthentic. So like, why are we calling it authentic and what does this serve? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[music]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I realize that no one really has a problem with Mission-style burritos. It’s the term itself that people take issue with because it feels like branding for something that has always existed and is constantly evolving. It seems like the term is trying to be bigger than the type of burrito it’s used to identify, something too broad with its defining feature being its size. And if you’re from the Mission, or from the Bay in general, you may have never even used the term “Mission-style burrito” because … it’s just a burrito.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And whether or not they originated with taquerias in the city, what we know for sure is that the burritos that people associate with the Mission are big, tightly wrapped in foil, and arguably one of the best comfort foods you can get. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Gustavo Arellano said earlier, they taste good, they can make you feel good, and you’re always going to keep going back for more.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today’s episode was reported by César Saldana and produced by Amanda Font. Kelly O’Mara provided the interview tape with Gustavo Arellano. The voices of my KQED colleagues you heard at the top of the episode belong to…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sarah:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Sarah Augusta\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Josh:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Josh Cassidy\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eric:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Eric Dahn\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Oscar:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Oscar Palma\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nik:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Nik Altenburg\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Alex Tran\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Kelly O’Mara first got the ball rolling on this story in our monthly Bay Curious newsletter a few months back. That’s a place where we answer even more listener questions, share our monthly voting round, keep you posted about upcoming events and more. Head to BayCurious.org/newsletter to subscribe! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED. The team behind it includes Amanda Font, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia-Allen Price. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana, Maha Sanad, Holly Kernan and the whole KQED family. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks so much for listening! I’ll see you next week!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"description": "Read a transcript of this episode If there is any meal that is universally loved, burritos would surely be a top contender. A combination of beans, rice and marinated, slowly cooked meat provide a hearty foundation. Add some toppings that run the gamut — from pico de gallo to salsa, from cheese to sour cream,",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003cem>Read a transcript of this episode\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If there is any meal that is universally loved, burritos would surely be a top contender. A combination of beans, rice and marinated, slowly cooked meat provide a hearty foundation. Add some toppings that run the gamut — from pico de gallo to salsa, from cheese to sour cream, and, of course, veggies — and a warm flour tortilla for a perfectly wrapped meal. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because of the simple formula, burritos are ever-evolving and are perfectly positioned for a number of fusion innovations like the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/106808/sorry-sushi-burrito-japanese-program-certifies-authentic-cuisine\">Sushirrito\u003c/a> or the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13929778/afghan-burrito-berkeley-golden-sauce\">Afghan burrito\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, a slew of Bay Curious listeners have asked about burritos, usually some form of these two questions: “Were burritos invented in San Francisco?” and “What exactly is a ‘Mission-style’ burrito?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Origins of a legend\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Many Americans have been told that the burrito was created here in the United States, but others say that burritos are a Mexican creation through and through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are claiming that it’s American and a lot of people do not know that Sonora [does] not have corn tortillas,” said Francisco Hernandez, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.elmetate.com/\">El Metate\u003c/a>, a Mission District taqueria on Bryant and 22nd Street. “They only have flour tortillas, so the burrito originally was created in Sonora.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: left\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.azcentral.com/story/entertainment/dining/2021/11/19/how-make-classic-sonoran-burros-de-machaca/8576497002/\">One theory for how burritos came about\u003c/a> is that the people of Sonora, a northern Mexican state that borders Arizona and New Mexico, used flour tortillas, because they traveled better on donkeys, called “burros” in Spanish. This might also be how the burrito, which literally translates to “little donkey,” got its name.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some claim that the \u003ca href=\"https://naatikmexico.org/blog/beyond-the-burrito-food-in-the-yucatn-peninsula\">burrito dates back even further\u003c/a> to the Mayan empire when people stuffed veggies, and sometimes meat, into corn tortillas. Though some Mayan cuisine has surely influenced burritos, like \u003ca href=\"https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1018283-cochinita-pibil?smid=url-share\">cochinita pibil\u003c/a>, modern burritos are famously made with flour tortillas. Another popular theory is that the modern-day burrito got its start \u003ca href=\"https://www.elfinanciero.com.mx/food-and-drink/2022/02/11/el-origen-de-los-burritos-sabor-norteno-que-traspaso-fronteras-hasta-el-super-bowl/\">after Spanish colonization\u003c/a> in Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, another northern Mexican state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Any origin story when it comes to Mexican food, very few of them are indisputable,” said Gustavo Arellano, a \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> columnist and author of \u003cem>Taco USA: How Mexican Food Conquered America\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Born in San Francisco, eaten everywhere\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Some time after the burrito came to San Francisco, it grew in size and, subsequently, in popularity. These large, foil-wrapped burritos came to be marketed as “Mission-style” burritos at some restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for who first created a “Mission-style” burrito, the origin is, unsurprisingly, disputed. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tlctaco.com/\">La Cumbre\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.elfarosoma.com\">El Faro\u003c/a>, two long-standing taquerias in San Francisco’s Mission District, are often brought up as the creators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you think of a burrito, you think humongous, humongous [wrapped] in foil,” Arellano exclaimed. “And you get to customize it to your own taste, and you say, ‘Oh, I can’t eat it. It’s too much.’ And then you eat it. You’re like, ‘Oh, my God, I’m so full,’ but you kind of don’t regret it. And then you do it again. What Americans now consider to be a burrito is the ‘Mission-style’ burrito.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arellano says the fast-casual food chain Chipotle spread this style of burrito around the U.S. in the mid-1990s. Chipotle’s founder modeled his business after the taquerias he used to frequent when he lived in San Francisco, bringing so-called “Mission-style” to the rest of the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11961196\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11961196\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito-800x795.jpg\" alt=\"Hand holding a large burrito stuffed with filling and wrapped in foil, cut in half.\" width=\"800\" height=\"795\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito-800x795.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito-160x159.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/Burrito.jpg 810w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A carne asada burrito from La Taqueria in San Francisco’s Mission District. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of La Taqueria/Instagram)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Miguel Jara, founder of \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/lataqueriasf/?hl=en\">La Taqueria\u003c/a> which \u003ca href=\"https://sfist.com/2023/08/04/la-taqueria-arguably-the-creator-of-the-mission-burrito-celebrates-50-years-in-business/\">celebrated 50 years\u003c/a> in the Mission this year, remembers getting burritos in the 1960s from a woman named Micaela Duran, who founded La Cumbre alongside her husband, Raul Duran.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Before me, there was a taco place out here, it’s called La Cumbre, and [it] had a meat market,” Jara said. “Miki was a real wonderful woman. She always called me ‘mijo’ (my son) and stuff like that when I saw her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jara said Duran is credited with combining two flour tortillas to create an extra large burrito for hungry firemen who would come into the restaurant, and Hernandez, El Metate’s founder, echoed the same story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether that’s true or not, I have no idea,” Jara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The sturdy Mission burrito falls apart\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But whether or not the Mission-style burrito truly started in San Francisco might be a moot point because the very people Bay Curious spoke to about its origin story find its existence a little dubious.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[What] do you mean [by] a Mission-style burrito?” Hernandez heartily chuckled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still laughing, Hernandez explained that even though many customers and media outlets regard El Metate’s burritos as “Mission-style,” he’s against the moniker because he simply makes burritos in the way that he traditionally would in Guanajuato, Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same is true for Jara, and even though La Taqueria’s burritos lack rice, the restaurant is still regarded as one of the pioneers for the Mission burrito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, Jara said, “I don’t know what’s a Mission-style burrito.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These two taqueria titans don’t stand alone in this sentiment. Cecilia Peña-Govea, more commonly known as the artist \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/ladona415/\">La Doña\u003c/a>, moonlights as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfgate.com/column/article/sf-burrito-review-gordo-taqueria-16978433.php\">chief burrito reviewer for SF Gate\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does the Mission-style burrito exist? I mean, maybe,” she said. “As somebody who grew up enduring a lot of the violences of displacement and gentrification, I see the way in which cultural assets are packaged and commoditized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peña-Govea remarks that “Mission-style” seems to be more of a term for outsiders, rather than for the people who make or grew up eating the food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think you just gotta keep an eye on who is marketing something as authentic or inauthentic,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem definitely isn’t the food, but the term. If “Mission style” was a tortilla itself, it might deteriorate, collapse under the sauciness of an idea that in one instance is too simple and too amorphous to contain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the case, burritos — and maybe especially those that are falling apart — taste good, they can make you feel good, and like Arellano said, you’re always going to keep going back for more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Hey everyone. I’m Olivia Allen-Price. This is the Bay Curious podcast where we answer listener questions about the San Francisco Bay Area. I want to start off this week’s episode with an ice breaker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[music] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If you could eat only one food for the rest of your life, what would it be? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sarah:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Okay, I’m just going to say the first thought. Best thought. And that would be nachos. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Josh:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It would be really, really good bread and butter. That’s like, there’s no better food than that. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eric: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I would love to eat potstickers for the rest of my life because you get the carbs which is on the outside, and then you get your veggies and meat or whatever you want in the filling so you can be creative. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Oscar:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Fried chicken. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And why? Fried chicken. What is it about it? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Oscar:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Oh, I [beep] love fried chicken. [laugh] So good!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nik:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Pasta because I’m Italian and it’s in my blood. My blood is marinara and mozzarella. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> This is probably one of the hardest questions I’ve ever been asked in my life. [laughs then pauses] I’m going to go with burritos. I’ve never found myself, like, opposed to eating a burrito. Or if anybody asked me to go out and get any of them. So yeah. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. You’re never like, not in the mood for a burrito, right? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yeah. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Those are the voices of some of my colleagues at KQED. As for me, it’s a burrito. Obviously! I’m actually sort of shocked more people didn’t give that answer. Burritos have that perfect combination of carbs, protein and veggies, all wrapped up in a portable package… oohh yeah! Delicious.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now I know a lot of YOU love burritos too because over the years you’ve sent in a lot of questions about them. Most often, questions asking about the history of the burrito. Like: Was the burrito invented in San Francisco? And what exactly is a \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mission-style \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">burrito?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To start in on some answers, we went to an expert…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">My name is Gustavo Arellano. I’m a columnist for the \u003cem>Los Angeles Times\u003c/em> and also author of the book, \u003cem>Taco U.S.A. How Mexican Food Conquered America\u003c/em>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Arellano is also a burrito historian, a job that I really wish I had known was an option when I was choosing a career…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Any origin story when it comes to Mexican food, very few of them [laugh] are indisputable. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It’s tough to nail down exactly where burritos truly come from. … but what we do know is that the most popular style of burrito in America has roots that run through San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When you think of a burrito, you think humongous, humongous in a foil. And you get to customize it to your own tastes and you say, “Oh I can’t eat it. It’s too much.” And then you eat it. “You’re like, Oh, my God, I’m so full,” but you kind of don’t regret it. And then you do it again. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, what took over what Americans now consider to be a burrito is the “Mission-style” burrito. And that’s all because of Chipotle spreading around in the mid-1990s. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I’ll be honest, it feels like blasphemy to even utter the name “Chipotle” in a Bay Curious episode about burritos, but it’s true — the chain played a part in \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">popularizing\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> the style of burritos that have taken over the U.S.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The founder of Chipotle used to live in San Francisco and when he decided to open a burrito chain in Colorado, he modeled his business off the taquerias he knew and loved here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[Music]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Gustavo Arellano: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So he got that exact same, what I call the stations of the burrito, the different stations really to customize your burrito. He replicated that, spread it around the country because, a big Mission-style burrito — it’s perfect college late night food. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But — here’s a hot take — what if we told you that the Mission-style burrito, America’s most popular burrito, doesn’t really exist?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you mean about “Mission style?” [laughs] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Today on the show, we’re visiting some of the most legendary taquerias in San Francisco to learn about the history of burritos in this town from the people who have dedicated their lives to making them. We’ll get to it right after this…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[BREAK] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED podcasts engagement producer César Saldaña went to explore the neighborhood where the legend of this popular food is centered… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mission-style burritos are kind of this amorphous thing that no one really knows how to describe except to say that they’re big and wrapped in foil. And of course, you can find them in San Francisco’s Mission District. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, I start out at one of the oldest taqueria’s in the Mission, aptly named La Taqueria, which just celebrated its 50th anniversary this year. It’s also one of the most well known taqueria’s in the neighborhood and has even won a James Beard award. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[AMBI: Sounds of the busy restaurant outside] \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The façade of the building is modeled to look kind of like an old Mission: white stucco with two large archways and brickwork instead of sidewalk. When I visited around lunchtime on a recent Friday, the restaurant was packed and the line of people waiting to order extended down the block. La Taqueria is still owned and run by its original founder, 82-year-old Miguel Jara. When I got there, he was taking orders and handing roses to his customers, so I asked him what that was about. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara:\u003c/b>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Many years ago. This girl brought me a dozen of flowers. And I can’t take them home because my wife is going to get pissed off. Right? So I started giving them to people. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Miguel has a big smile and a bigger personality, and when he’s in the restaurant he spends a lot of time interacting with his customers. He’s originally from Tijuana, the Mexican city that borders San Diego, and he has a unique charm that … if you’re familiar with Tijuana … you know can only come from there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>Y en Tijuana, tienen unos tacos bien ricos. En todos lados! Cualquier comida que comes en Tijuana está sabrosa.\u003c/em> So you understand all that? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Miguel says that the tacos in Tijuana are delicious, and the city he grew up in shaped how he thinks about food, and how he cooks. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And you can taste it in La Taqueria’s menu.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it’s not just the food that he’s put his heart into. Miguel has decided and shaped the feel of the entire restaurant.\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are lots of personal touches. The bottles of green salsa that sit on every table in the restaurant are his mother’s recipe which hasn’t changed since La Taqueria opened. But over 50 years, some things have changed, including the prices…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How much was a burrito back then when you first opened? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> $0.90. The taco was $0.60. Quesadillas $0.25, sodas were $0.25. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Alright so inflation, [both laugh] after 50 years!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> But that’s not all, he says that the \u003c/span>menu\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> has adapted, depending on what his customers have asked for. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then somebody comes over and says, “What’s that?” Oh, that’s a quesadilla. He says, “Can you put meat on it?” Well I don’t see why not. And then somebody else comes over and says, “Hey, could you make that a little crispy?” Well, let’s try it! So they made their little menu, you know. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The food is obviously good. But don’t just take my word for it. A couple of his customers who happened to be grabbing lunch came up to us to say goodbye to Miguel. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A mother and daughter duo, they excitedly told me that they’d been eating at La Taqueria for 47 years.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[background conversation in Spanish]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Maria Delia Melgar is 96. I asked her if she remembers when she first started coming to La Taqueria\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia Melgar: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem>Oooh desde que nació\u003c/em>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She says she’s been coming since the place first opened.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> ¿Que comida le gusta aquí en el restaurante? \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia Melgar:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Toda la comida. Carne asada. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Daughter: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ella predicaba y se traía a toda la gente aquí a comer. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Maria Delia’s daughter says her mom loves dining with friends and family at La Taqueria. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And she says that she used to go to a place like this in El Salvador, where she grew up.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yo tuve uno alla en El Salvador, este mismo negocio aprendía ser yo a tanta clientes. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And even though she may be Salvadoran, she says she loves Mexican food.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Maria Delia: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Después de la salvadoreña, la mexicana. Si.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Its loyal customer base is one of the main reasons La Taqueria has been able to stay open for half a century. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It might also help that in article after article, it’s named as one of the best places to get a quote-unquote “Mission-style” burrito. Although notably, unlike most other Mission taquerias, their burritos don’t include rice. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But what does Miguel himself think about Mission-style burritos?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I don’t know what’s a Mission-style burrito. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Miguel thinks a burrito is just a burrito, whatever you put in it. But there is a sort of legend about the origins of the Mission-style burrito…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Before me there was a taco place out here, it’s called La Cumbre. Raul was the owner. And he had a meat market. Miki was a real wonderful woman. She always called me “mijo” and stuff like that when I saw her. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Miguel says Miki cooked great food, and the story goes that the firefighters from the nearby station would come in extra hungry. So she put two flour tortillas together, filled them with rice, beans, and meat, and that’s where the Mission burrito started.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether that’s true or not. I have no idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> As for the often repeated story that burritos were originally invented in the States, and not Mexico… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Miguel Jara: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">in Mexico, they did burritos a long time ago. I can tell you it was 1957, ’58 — Boliches Corona. It was on the main street and they used to have burritos there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I heard a similar thing from another Mission District restaurateur. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A lot of people are claiming that it’s American and it’s not. Because a lot of people do not know that Sonora do not have corn tortillas. They only have flour tortillas. So the burrito originally was created and done in Sonora.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Francisco Hernandez owns El Metate, another longtime Mission taqueria on Bryant and 22nd Street. He also mentioned La Cumbre and the meat market and that same woman, Miki, who originally joined two flour tortillas together to make huge burritos … before La Taqueria and El Metate even opened. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, if the Mission-style burrito exists, we’ve got two taqueria founders claiming the same story. And it definitely wasn’t Chipotle that created them. But when I asked about Mission-style burritos Francisco just sort of chuckled. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Yes. What you mean Mission-style? [laughs]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b> \u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, if El Metate doesn’t make “Mission-style burritos,” what do they make?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I’m very picky because I know what I want and I know what I want to present to my people. My customers. My only goal is fresh Mexican cuisine, fresh rice, fresh beans, fresh meat. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Francisco credits his success to the quality of his food, not any sort of moniker.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the end of the day, burritos are an ever-evolving cuisine, especially here in the Bay. and at El Metate, one of their most popular burritos is even made with mole… \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A traditional Mexican sauce that’s a meal on its own, made with a laundry list of ingredients including chilis, nuts, chocolate, veggies, and spices. It’s a labor of love that everyone does a bit differently … and it’s one of my favorite comfort foods.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Although I’ve never seen it incorporated into a burrito before!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The day that I visited the restaurant, I had lunch with Cecilia Peña-Govea, aka the singer La Doña, aka chief burrito reviewer for SF Gate. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> I grew up coming here. I came here when it first opened because our friend Duffy, who lives right here, she started coming here as soon as the place opened.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We decided to try the popular mole burrito and we even went back into the kitchen to learn how to make it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[Sounds of a Kitchen/cooking Ambi]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> So we meet Rosendo, who’s been cooking for El Metate for 20 years.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Este es el pollo asado.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Y el mole —\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">¿Que tiene el mole? \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cem> El Mole tiene el tres chiles: el chile de california, tiene chile negro, tiene chile ancho.\u003c/em> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Rosendo adds chicken, beans, and rice into the burrito and adds some toppings before drenching the whole thing in mole and wrapping it up in foil. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[sounds of scooping then wrapping in foil]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And when Cecilia asks if this burrito is made in a Mission-style way…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Y este es de estilo San Francisiense o…?\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Mm … nosotros somos del estado Guanajuato. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Asi lo hacen alli? \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Rosendo:\u003c/b>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Si, tradicionalmente allá. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">He’s making it the same way Francisco would back in the Mexican state of Guanajuato.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And finally, Rosendo gave us the burrito, and Cecilia and I sat down in El Metate’s brightly colored dining room and dug in.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[foil noises, eating]\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ok it’s good. It’s really really good. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Gova: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mm hmm, ok. This is a nice round and salty mole. In this case, they have you can tell that they obviously have gotten a good fry on the spices before they integrate all the ingredients. But yeah, it’s bomb. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it should come as no surprise that it’s so good …because Francisco’s mother is behind the recipe.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Francisco Hernandez:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Well, my mom’s Mole was never sweet. She said that the pepper had to be flavorful, but not sweet. My version of the mole It has a little bit of chocolate. It has the spices that she would use. It has garlic and onions. It’s something that is so popular that if we don’t have it, People ask for it. And it’s not on the menu. It’s a special.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> You heard it here first. The mole burrito is a secret menu item for those in the know … and now, you’re in the know. Francisco’s chicken mole burrito was definitely a first for me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">These sorts of innovations attract new customers and keep people coming back. And like Miguel mentioned, his customers have even come up with some new inventions for La Taqueria. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, at this point in the story, we’ve got two titans of burritos in the Mission who don’t know what a “Mission-style burrito” is … the idea of its existence breaks down even further when we consider culture. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, after finishing our mole burritos, Cecilia and I headed over to KQED studios to dive even deeper. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does the Mission-style burrito exist? Mm. I mean, maybe. But I think it looks different for everybody. You know? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What do you mean by that?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> It’s not like my brain is confused and I’m like, “What is it?” It’s more of that, like, as somebody who grew up enduring a lot of the violences of displacement and gentrification, I see the way in which cultural assets are packaged and commoditized. I don’t know, I don’t like it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does it make you feel like Mission-style burritos are a creation that maybe comes from\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the neighborhood and culture but isn’t for the neighborhood and culture?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I think that anything that’s going to be like, this is the Mission style, blah, blah, blah, I automatically roll my eyes. I think that like a lot of us just become very kind of sketched out when there is kind of that vibe of like asking us to kind of identify and package any cultural asset or facet of cultural production. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Like you’re being observed? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Yeah. It’s just so like, I don’t know, like, I don’t know, what am I going to tell you?\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it kind of sounds like you’re picking up on the authenticity — and I know that’s a loaded word — but, like, the authenticity of the term itself and not the food. Like, maybe it doesn’t fit because it’s made to market something that has sort of always existed and always been here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Cecilia Peña-Govea: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I think authenticity is kind of like a marketing tool. So I think you just gotta keep an eye on who is marketing something as authentic or inauthentic. So like, why are we calling it authentic and what does this serve? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[music]\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>César Saldaña: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I realize that no one really has a problem with Mission-style burritos. It’s the term itself that people take issue with because it feels like branding for something that has always existed and is constantly evolving. It seems like the term is trying to be bigger than the type of burrito it’s used to identify, something too broad with its defining feature being its size. And if you’re from the Mission, or from the Bay in general, you may have never even used the term “Mission-style burrito” because … it’s just a burrito.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And whether or not they originated with taquerias in the city, what we know for sure is that the burritos that people associate with the Mission are big, tightly wrapped in foil, and arguably one of the best comfort foods you can get. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Gustavo Arellano said earlier, they taste good, they can make you feel good, and you’re always going to keep going back for more.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Today’s episode was reported by César Saldana and produced by Amanda Font. Kelly O’Mara provided the interview tape with Gustavo Arellano. The voices of my KQED colleagues you heard at the top of the episode belong to…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sarah:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Sarah Augusta\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Josh:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Josh Cassidy\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Eric:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Eric Dahn\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Oscar:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Oscar Palma\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nik:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Nik Altenburg\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Alex:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Alex Tran\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Kelly O’Mara first got the ball rolling on this story in our monthly Bay Curious newsletter a few months back. That’s a place where we answer even more listener questions, share our monthly voting round, keep you posted about upcoming events and more. Head to BayCurious.org/newsletter to subscribe! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bay Curious is made in San Francisco at member-supported KQED. The team behind it includes Amanda Font, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia-Allen Price. Additional support from Jen Chien, Katie Sprenger, Cesar Saldana, Maha Sanad, Holly Kernan and the whole KQED family. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks so much for listening! I’ll see you next week!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>"
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"disqusTitle": "Farmworkers' 24-Day March Culminates in Sacramento, Pressuring Newsom to Sign Union Bill",
"title": "Farmworkers' 24-Day March Culminates in Sacramento, Pressuring Newsom to Sign Union Bill",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 6 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>A broadly smiling California Gov. Gavin Newsom joined about two dozen jubilant, cheering farmworkers camped outside the state Capitol on Wednesday, September 28, to sign a measure aimed at helping farmworkers unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom initially announced his intention to veto the bill — one of the most contentious bills before the governor this year — but reversed course after President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris publicly backed it, pinning him in a difficult political position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, however, approved the bill only after he, the United Farm Workers and the California Labor Federation agreed on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-clarifying-language.pdf?emrc=c31a79\">clarifying language\u003c/a> to be considered during \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-letter-to-Governor.pdf?emrc=026267\">next year’s legislative session\u003c/a> to address his concerns around implementation and voting integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law gives California farmworkers, who harvest much of the nation’s fruit and vegetables, new ways to vote in union elections beyond physical polling places on farm property. Proponents say that will help protect workers from union busting and other intimidation, while many farm owners say such a system lacks necessary safeguards to prevent fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement includes a cap on the number of unionization petitions over the next five years and will allow state regulators to better protect worker confidentiality and safety, Newsom's office said. It drops the option for workers to unionize through mail-in voting — as the UFW had pushed for — but allows for a “card check” election process, offering farmworkers a chance to vote from home in an effort to limit the chances of employer intimidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, August 26: \u003c/strong>Thousands of farmworkers and their allies finished a march to California’s Capitol in Sacramento on Friday, completing the last leg of a 24-day journey that began 350 miles away in Delano. The United Farm Workers union designed the march to pressure Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would give farmworkers the option to vote by mail in union elections, mirroring the way Californians vote for candidates for political office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As state law currently stands, farmworkers must vote in union elections in person on sites owned by the growers that employ them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That creates a lot of intimidation. Many employers have security there, all the supervisors are there, and that doesn’t promote participation,” said United Farm Workers President Teresa Romero in an interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Agricultural Labor Relations Voting Choice Act, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2183\">Assembly Bill 2183\u003c/a>, would change that in-person voting requirement and would also prohibit growers from encouraging or discouraging union membership. Under the new bill, growers could also face fines of up to $25,000 for certain specific labor rights violations, and up to $10,000 for general labor rights violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a statement released hours before farmworkers were set to march the last mile to the Capitol, Newsom said he would not support the bill as it currently stands. The governor's office \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/politics-government/article264941129.html\">told The Fresno Bee that Newsom remains open to negotiations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veronica Mota, one of the 19 farmworkers who braved triple-digit temperatures for the entire 24-day march, said she was sad to hear that news, but that she remained motivated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to take away my motivation to continue pushing for what is right,” Mota told KQED. “It doesn’t end here. It starts here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds red flag as she walks at front of line of marchers along rural road in the sunshine\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Izabella Gonzalez walks with her family during the United Farm Workers march leaving Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor's Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Fifty-six years ago, César Chavez did this march to bring awareness to the issues of farmworkers,” Romero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought it was important enough to recreate that march, so people and the consumers understand that farmworkers still need the rights that other workers have. We all eat because of their hard work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/UFWupdates/status/1562326316786954240?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Flor Martinez Zaragoza, creator, @flowerinspanish\"]'It's blood, tears and sweat. It's what it takes to create change, bring awareness, be seen and be heard.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lourdes Cardenas, a farmworker and union member, had been marching for days when KQED spoke with her in Spanish on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though our feet hurt, and our ankles hurt, it’s been a very strong [march]. We’re reaching for victory,” Cardenas said. “It would give us all better benefits, rights and equality. We’re people — we may have a lower salary, but we’re parents, we’re people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923841\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923841\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"line of marchers walks down a rural highway\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58054_057_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and their supporters leave Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=arts_13918088 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2022/08/RS58048_044_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before reaching Sacramento, the march attracted hundreds of people over the 24 days since it started in the Kern County city of Delano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13918088/bay-area-chefs-united-farm-workers-march-al-pastor-papi\">Food vendors provided sopas, tacos and other cuisine\u003c/a> for marchers; \u003ca href=\"https://health.ucdavis.edu/cppn/news/headlines/medical-students-help-soothe-farmworkers-on-300-mile-trek/2022/08\">UC Davis medical students tended to blistered feet and swollen legs\u003c/a>; and children of farmworkers came to support their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flor Martinez Zaragoza, a prominent activist on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/flowerinspanish/?hl=en\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@flowerinspanish\">TikTok\u003c/a>, said social media has helped her spread the word to a younger generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923839\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds bright union flag against bright blue sky\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flor Martinez Zaragoza walks with farmworkers and their supporters as they march through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This march has definitely felt historic. It’s from the heart, it’s raw emotions. It's blood, tears and sweat. It’s what it takes to create change, bring awareness, be seen and be heard,” Martinez Zaragoza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Social media is a tool that we have now, and I think it’s important that we utilize it to organize and be able to make an impact. The youth have their phones on them 24/7.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923706\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923706\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"line or marchers, one draped in union flag, walk away from the camera along a rural highway next to a river\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and their supporters march next to the Sacramento River as they pass through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the march has gained the support of thousands of people in person and even more online, there is still opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew Allen, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wga.com/blog/card-check-bill-ab-2183-heads-california-assembly-floor\">vice president of state government affairs for the Western Growers Association\u003c/a>, which represents family farmers in California, Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico, said the bill is “the latest attempt to undermine the secret ballot election process as established by the Agricultural Labor Relations Act.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Teresa Romero, president, United Farm Workers\"]'It's been 330 miles. Our bodies hurt, our feet are blistered. We're exhausted, but our spirits are high.'[/pullquote]If Gov. Newsom does not eventually sign the bill, Romero said the UFW “will regroup and plan because we are not going to give up. This is something that is that important to us, that is that important to farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923831\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923831\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"woman with long grey hair wearing hat and light by early morning sun speaks as others listen\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Romero, president of the United Farm Workers union, speaks to marchers in Walnut Grove before setting out on Day 22 of their 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When KQED spoke to Romero on Thursday, she was preparing to march 14 miles, the second-to-last leg of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been 330 miles. Our bodies hurt, our feet are blistered,” Romero said. “We’re exhausted, but our spirits are high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Madi Bolaños and Don Thompson of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Farmworkers and their allies finished a march from Delano to Sacramento Friday, rallying behind a new bill that aims to provide increased labor protections. But Gov. Newsom said he won't support it in its current form.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Update, 6 p.m. Friday: \u003c/strong>A broadly smiling California Gov. Gavin Newsom joined about two dozen jubilant, cheering farmworkers camped outside the state Capitol on Wednesday, September 28, to sign a measure aimed at helping farmworkers unionize.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom initially announced his intention to veto the bill — one of the most contentious bills before the governor this year — but reversed course after President Joe Biden and Vice President Kamala Harris publicly backed it, pinning him in a difficult political position.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, however, approved the bill only after he, the United Farm Workers and the California Labor Federation agreed on \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-clarifying-language.pdf?emrc=c31a79\">clarifying language\u003c/a> to be considered during \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/9.28.22-letter-to-Governor.pdf?emrc=026267\">next year’s legislative session\u003c/a> to address his concerns around implementation and voting integrity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new law gives California farmworkers, who harvest much of the nation’s fruit and vegetables, new ways to vote in union elections beyond physical polling places on farm property. Proponents say that will help protect workers from union busting and other intimidation, while many farm owners say such a system lacks necessary safeguards to prevent fraud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement includes a cap on the number of unionization petitions over the next five years and will allow state regulators to better protect worker confidentiality and safety, Newsom's office said. It drops the option for workers to unionize through mail-in voting — as the UFW had pushed for — but allows for a “card check” election process, offering farmworkers a chance to vote from home in an effort to limit the chances of employer intimidation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Original post, August 26: \u003c/strong>Thousands of farmworkers and their allies finished a march to California’s Capitol in Sacramento on Friday, completing the last leg of a 24-day journey that began 350 miles away in Delano. The United Farm Workers union designed the march to pressure Gov. Gavin Newsom to sign a bill that would give farmworkers the option to vote by mail in union elections, mirroring the way Californians vote for candidates for political office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As state law currently stands, farmworkers must vote in union elections in person on sites owned by the growers that employ them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That creates a lot of intimidation. Many employers have security there, all the supervisors are there, and that doesn’t promote participation,” said United Farm Workers President Teresa Romero in an interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Agricultural Labor Relations Voting Choice Act, \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220AB2183\">Assembly Bill 2183\u003c/a>, would change that in-person voting requirement and would also prohibit growers from encouraging or discouraging union membership. Under the new bill, growers could also face fines of up to $25,000 for certain specific labor rights violations, and up to $10,000 for general labor rights violations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in a statement released hours before farmworkers were set to march the last mile to the Capitol, Newsom said he would not support the bill as it currently stands. The governor's office \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnobee.com/news/politics-government/article264941129.html\">told The Fresno Bee that Newsom remains open to negotiations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Veronica Mota, one of the 19 farmworkers who braved triple-digit temperatures for the entire 24-day march, said she was sad to hear that news, but that she remained motivated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to take away my motivation to continue pushing for what is right,” Mota told KQED. “It doesn’t end here. It starts here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923836\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923836\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds red flag as she walks at front of line of marchers along rural road in the sunshine\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58064_063_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Izabella Gonzalez walks with her family during the United Farm Workers march leaving Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor's Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Fifty-six years ago, César Chavez did this march to bring awareness to the issues of farmworkers,” Romero said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We thought it was important enough to recreate that march, so people and the consumers understand that farmworkers still need the rights that other workers have. We all eat because of their hard work.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lourdes Cardenas, a farmworker and union member, had been marching for days when KQED spoke with her in Spanish on Thursday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even though our feet hurt, and our ankles hurt, it’s been a very strong [march]. We’re reaching for victory,” Cardenas said. “It would give us all better benefits, rights and equality. We’re people — we may have a lower salary, but we’re parents, we’re people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before reaching Sacramento, the march attracted hundreds of people over the 24 days since it started in the Kern County city of Delano.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13918088/bay-area-chefs-united-farm-workers-march-al-pastor-papi\">Food vendors provided sopas, tacos and other cuisine\u003c/a> for marchers; \u003ca href=\"https://health.ucdavis.edu/cppn/news/headlines/medical-students-help-soothe-farmworkers-on-300-mile-trek/2022/08\">UC Davis medical students tended to blistered feet and swollen legs\u003c/a>; and children of farmworkers came to support their families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flor Martinez Zaragoza, a prominent activist on \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/flowerinspanish/?hl=en\">Instagram\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@flowerinspanish\">TikTok\u003c/a>, said social media has helped her spread the word to a younger generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923839\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923839\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"smiling woman holds bright union flag against bright blue sky\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58020_017_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flor Martinez Zaragoza walks with farmworkers and their supporters as they march through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This march has definitely felt historic. It’s from the heart, it’s raw emotions. It's blood, tears and sweat. It’s what it takes to create change, bring awareness, be seen and be heard,” Martinez Zaragoza said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Social media is a tool that we have now, and I think it’s important that we utilize it to organize and be able to make an impact. The youth have their phones on them 24/7.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923706\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923706\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"line or marchers, one draped in union flag, walk away from the camera along a rural highway next to a river\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58051_049_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers and their supporters march next to the Sacramento River as they pass through Walnut Grove on Day 22 of a 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Although the march has gained the support of thousands of people in person and even more online, there is still opposition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew Allen, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wga.com/blog/card-check-bill-ab-2183-heads-california-assembly-floor\">vice president of state government affairs for the Western Growers Association\u003c/a>, which represents family farmers in California, Arizona, Colorado and New Mexico, said the bill is “the latest attempt to undermine the secret ballot election process as established by the Agricultural Labor Relations Act.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If Gov. Newsom does not eventually sign the bill, Romero said the UFW “will regroup and plan because we are not going to give up. This is something that is that important to us, that is that important to farmworkers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11923831\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11923831\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"woman with long grey hair wearing hat and light by early morning sun speaks as others listen\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/08/RS58208_075_KQED_UnitedFarmWorkersMarch_08242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teresa Romero, president of the United Farm Workers union, speaks to marchers in Walnut Grove before setting out on Day 22 of their 24-day 'March for the Governor’s Signature' on Wednesday. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When KQED spoke to Romero on Thursday, she was preparing to march 14 miles, the second-to-last leg of the campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s been 330 miles. Our bodies hurt, our feet are blistered,” Romero said. “We’re exhausted, but our spirits are high.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from KQED's Madi Bolaños and Don Thompson of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "is-there-a-story-behind-those-giant-paintings-off-central-valley-highways-yes-and-its-fraught",
"title": "'It's Kind of a Weird Message': The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways",
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"headTitle": "‘It’s Kind of a Weird Message’: The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s Central Valley boasts some beautiful landscapes, often missed by drivers bombing down I-5 between Northern and Southern California. But if you’ve ever driven to, say, Salinas or Carmel, you may have noticed some giant art along the way. Scattered throughout the area, off many different roads, are hundreds of brightly colored plywood cutout scenes of Americana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Nick Loey drives these roads regularly and has often wondered about these giant art pieces — some of which are over 20 feet tall — sticking up in random fields in remote locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriouspodcastinfo]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have a very distinct style, sort of like pop art, that depict what seem to be farmworkers doing jobs in the field or sort of just posing with their pets or farm equipment,” Loey said. He wants to know “whether or not there’s some story behind that set of art. Is it an exposition for a specific artist? Is it a history piece that you’re supposed to admire and enjoy as you’re driving down the freeway, or is it something more?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Answering Nick’s question took us into artist studios and farmworker communities. And like so many things, this art means different things depending on who you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“Farmer & Irrigator”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’ve never seen these art pieces before, I can’t stress to you how large they are when you get up close to them. But driving by, the static cutouts almost feel interactive. From far away, it can look like figures crouched in the field or standing, surveying the day’s work. It’s only as drivers get closer that they realize the figures aren’t real people at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most iconic of these giant artworks is “Farmer & Irrigator,” found in a field along Highway 68 in Salinas, near an agricultural education center called The Farm. It depicts two men facing away from the highway and toward the landscape. One is standing, leaning his foot on a shovel digging into the dirt, while the other kneels, a handful of dirt in hand, as he surveys the view. Closer to the road, an older man dressed in plaid and a straw hat holds two cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johncerneymurals.com/index.html\">John Cerney, the artist behind “Farmer & Irrigator,”\u003c/a> along with about 150 other plywood cutout paintings of this style in California, worked in agriculture for close to seven years. He created the art as an homage to the farmworkers providing the country with fresh produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My first job was picking strawberries when I was 15 years old,” Cerney said. “I know how hard the work is. They get up early and it’s a rough life. They’re still underpaid. They work hard and I was happy to get that first gig and elevate them and draw attention to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is, many farmworkers living in these agricultural communities and driving by the art every day don’t feel the same way. That’s in large part because most of the figures are depicted with white or light-colored skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920662\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg\" alt=\"A large painting of a man with a white mustache, hat and tan jacket stands near the edge of a field, next to the road. The man holds two cabbages with more at his feet.\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-800x753.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1020x960.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1536x1446.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the 11 subjects in Cerney’s “Farmer & Irrigator” installation. Closest to the road, the painting is often vandalized. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, for me, that represents the growers,” said Lauro Barajas, regional director for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ufwfoundation.org/\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. “It’s a nice painting, but it’s kind of a weird message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been almost 100 years since white farmers worked the land in Salinas, Barajas said. Today, immigrants, most of whom are from states in southern Mexico like Chiapas, Guerrero and Oaxaca, are the ones doing the backbreaking labor of producing food for the country. And they don’t see themselves represented in this artwork.[aside label='Farmworker Support Orgs' link1='https://farmworkerfamily.org,Center For Farmworker Families' link2='https://www.ufwfoundation.org,UFW Foundation']Although some of the subjects in Cerney’s installation are based on photographs of Latinos, the ones that are most easily seen by the public don’t appear to be. Some community members noted that farmworkers work hard to sustain their families and the country’s food supply with their labor, so it’s disheartening to see white or white-passing people take the credit in these highly visible art pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the inception of the UFW, when you do see farmworkers in art pieces, they are usually pretty positive,” said labor-rights activist Dolores Huerta, who co-founded the United Farmworkers (UFW) alongside Larry Itliong and César Chavez. Huerta drove by one of Cerney’s paintings recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re not farmworkers; they’re the farmers. They are the growers or the owners of the land, not the people that are actually doing the work,” Huerta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cerney confirmed this, saying that the owner of the land commissioned “Farmer & Irrigator” in 1995, directing Cerney to paint himself and members of his family alongside the fieldworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The tensions of public art\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When I told Cerney that some members of the farmworker community don’t feel seen in the installation, he was saddened. He never intended to misrepresent the farmworking community and said that he is just trying to make a living as an artist, something that’s difficult to do nowadays. He uses the commissions he receives to subsidize the work he’s truly passionate about making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920663\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1076px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920663\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg\" alt=\"A middle aged man in a white long sleeved tee shirt and baseball hat poses near a fence. In a trick of perspective, it looks like a giant hand next to him holds a mirror with James' Dean's face reflected.\" width=\"1076\" height=\"878\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg 1076w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-800x653.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-1020x832.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-160x131.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1076px) 100vw, 1076px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist John Cerney standing near the entrance of his studio where he creates giant highway paintings. Cerney often paints portraits of American celebrities like Marilyn Monroe, James Dean and Aretha Franklin. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If it were left to myself — even though I grew up in this farming area and I worked in the (agriculture) industry myself for eight or nine years before I went to college — I wouldn’t have necessarily picked that,” he said. “It’s just that they asked me to do it, they were paying me, and I’m a hired gun. I did what they wanted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Loey, who first asked about this art, wondered if they were part of a “history piece.” While not intended as such, in many ways they are a testament to the age-old discrepancy in power between landowners who are seen and laborers who are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Cerney’s intentions were good, the thing about public art is that once it’s out there, the artist ceases to be part of the equation. The work is no longer about intent, but rather about the impact it has on those viewing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Drive south down Highway 101 or 68, among others, and you'll likely see giant paintings depicting farm scenes and rural life. We find out what it's all about from the artist who made them famous and get reactions from people living and working in agricultural communities near them.",
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"title": "'It's Kind of a Weird Message': The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways | KQED",
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"headline": "'It's Kind of a Weird Message': The Fraught Story Behind Those Giant Paintings Off Central Valley Highways",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s Central Valley boasts some beautiful landscapes, often missed by drivers bombing down I-5 between Northern and Southern California. But if you’ve ever driven to, say, Salinas or Carmel, you may have noticed some giant art along the way. Scattered throughout the area, off many different roads, are hundreds of brightly colored plywood cutout scenes of Americana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Curious listener Nick Loey drives these roads regularly and has often wondered about these giant art pieces — some of which are over 20 feet tall — sticking up in random fields in remote locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Bay Curious\u003c/a> is a podcast that answers your questions about the Bay Area.\n Subscribe on \u003ca href=\"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Apple Podcasts\u003c/a>,\n \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR One\u003c/a> or your favorite podcast platform.\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They have a very distinct style, sort of like pop art, that depict what seem to be farmworkers doing jobs in the field or sort of just posing with their pets or farm equipment,” Loey said. He wants to know “whether or not there’s some story behind that set of art. Is it an exposition for a specific artist? Is it a history piece that you’re supposed to admire and enjoy as you’re driving down the freeway, or is it something more?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Answering Nick’s question took us into artist studios and farmworker communities. And like so many things, this art means different things depending on who you ask.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>“Farmer & Irrigator”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’ve never seen these art pieces before, I can’t stress to you how large they are when you get up close to them. But driving by, the static cutouts almost feel interactive. From far away, it can look like figures crouched in the field or standing, surveying the day’s work. It’s only as drivers get closer that they realize the figures aren’t real people at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the most iconic of these giant artworks is “Farmer & Irrigator,” found in a field along Highway 68 in Salinas, near an agricultural education center called The Farm. It depicts two men facing away from the highway and toward the landscape. One is standing, leaning his foot on a shovel digging into the dirt, while the other kneels, a handful of dirt in hand, as he surveys the view. Closer to the road, an older man dressed in plaid and a straw hat holds two cabbages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.johncerneymurals.com/index.html\">John Cerney, the artist behind “Farmer & Irrigator,”\u003c/a> along with about 150 other plywood cutout paintings of this style in California, worked in agriculture for close to seven years. He created the art as an homage to the farmworkers providing the country with fresh produce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My first job was picking strawberries when I was 15 years old,” Cerney said. “I know how hard the work is. They get up early and it’s a rough life. They’re still underpaid. They work hard and I was happy to get that first gig and elevate them and draw attention to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trouble is, many farmworkers living in these agricultural communities and driving by the art every day don’t feel the same way. That’s in large part because most of the figures are depicted with white or light-colored skin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920662\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920662\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg\" alt=\"A large painting of a man with a white mustache, hat and tan jacket stands near the edge of a field, next to the road. The man holds two cabbages with more at his feet.\" width=\"1700\" height=\"1600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan.jpg 1700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-800x753.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1020x960.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-160x151.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/CabbageMan-1536x1446.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1700px) 100vw, 1700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the 11 subjects in Cerney’s “Farmer & Irrigator” installation. Closest to the road, the painting is often vandalized. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, for me, that represents the growers,” said Lauro Barajas, regional director for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ufwfoundation.org/\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a> in Santa Cruz and Monterey counties. “It’s a nice painting, but it’s kind of a weird message.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has been almost 100 years since white farmers worked the land in Salinas, Barajas said. Today, immigrants, most of whom are from states in southern Mexico like Chiapas, Guerrero and Oaxaca, are the ones doing the backbreaking labor of producing food for the country. And they don’t see themselves represented in this artwork.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Although some of the subjects in Cerney’s installation are based on photographs of Latinos, the ones that are most easily seen by the public don’t appear to be. Some community members noted that farmworkers work hard to sustain their families and the country’s food supply with their labor, so it’s disheartening to see white or white-passing people take the credit in these highly visible art pieces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Since the inception of the UFW, when you do see farmworkers in art pieces, they are usually pretty positive,” said labor-rights activist Dolores Huerta, who co-founded the United Farmworkers (UFW) alongside Larry Itliong and César Chavez. Huerta drove by one of Cerney’s paintings recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they’re not farmworkers; they’re the farmers. They are the growers or the owners of the land, not the people that are actually doing the work,” Huerta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cerney confirmed this, saying that the owner of the land commissioned “Farmer & Irrigator” in 1995, directing Cerney to paint himself and members of his family alongside the fieldworkers.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The tensions of public art\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When I told Cerney that some members of the farmworker community don’t feel seen in the installation, he was saddened. He never intended to misrepresent the farmworking community and said that he is just trying to make a living as an artist, something that’s difficult to do nowadays. He uses the commissions he receives to subsidize the work he’s truly passionate about making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11920663\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1076px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11920663\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg\" alt=\"A middle aged man in a white long sleeved tee shirt and baseball hat poses near a fence. In a trick of perspective, it looks like a giant hand next to him holds a mirror with James' Dean's face reflected.\" width=\"1076\" height=\"878\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney.jpg 1076w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-800x653.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-1020x832.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/07/Cerney-160x131.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1076px) 100vw, 1076px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Artist John Cerney standing near the entrance of his studio where he creates giant highway paintings. Cerney often paints portraits of American celebrities like Marilyn Monroe, James Dean and Aretha Franklin. \u003ccite>(Cesar Saldaña/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If it were left to myself — even though I grew up in this farming area and I worked in the (agriculture) industry myself for eight or nine years before I went to college — I wouldn’t have necessarily picked that,” he said. “It’s just that they asked me to do it, they were paying me, and I’m a hired gun. I did what they wanted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Loey, who first asked about this art, wondered if they were part of a “history piece.” While not intended as such, in many ways they are a testament to the age-old discrepancy in power between landowners who are seen and laborers who are not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though Cerney’s intentions were good, the thing about public art is that once it’s out there, the artist ceases to be part of the equation. The work is no longer about intent, but rather about the impact it has on those viewing it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "how-the-great-replacement-theory-is-fueling-a-global-network-of-white-supremacy-and-terror",
"title": "How the 'Great Replacement' Conspiracy Is Fueling a Global Network of White Supremacy and Terror",
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"headTitle": "How the ‘Great Replacement’ Conspiracy Is Fueling a Global Network of White Supremacy and Terror | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The heavily armed 18-year-old man \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/15/1099028397/buffalo-shooting-what-we-know\">who allegedly opened fire\u003c/a> in a Buffalo, New York, supermarket last Saturday, killing 10 people and wounding three others — most of them Black — was an adherent of a white supremacist conspiracy theory that’s become increasingly espoused \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/17/1099223012/how-the-replacement-theory-went-mainstream-on-the-political-right\">by the mainstream political right\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Great Replacement,” as it’s known, was referenced in the 180-page manifesto the alleged shooter wrote and posted online before driving some two hours from his home to indiscriminately murder Black people in one of the \u003ca class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/news-event/buffalo-ny-mass-shooting?name=styln-buffalo-shooting®ion=TOP_BANNER&block=storyline_menu_recirc&action=click&pgtype=LegacyCollection&variant=show\">worst racist mass shootings in recent U.S. history\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unfounded notion, one rooted in racist and antisemitic fanaticism, posits that the U.S. is growing increasingly diverse — the only accurate part — because elite Jewish liberals are importing non-white immigrants to “replace” white Christian people as part of a diabolical scheme to fundamentally reshape American politics and society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"white-supremacy\"]Moreover, many white supremacists — the alleged shooter among them — insist that the influx of immigrants will, if unchecked, soon lead to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/16/1099034094/what-is-the-great-replacement-theory\">extinction of the white race\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White supremacist conspiracies, like this one, have always existed in some form or another in American society (not to mention many others), and often form the fuel that ignites horrific, racist acts of violence, like the tragedy that unfolded last week in Buffalo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101889182/how-hateful-ideology-fuels-hate-crimes\">, KQED Forum examined\u003c/a> the “Great Replacement” and other racist conspiracies, and the alarming tendency they have to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/17/1099233034/the-great-replacement-conspiracy-theory-isnt-fringe-anymore-its-mainstream\">rapidly seep from the extreme fringes into mainstream political discourse\u003c/a>, and the devastating real-world impacts they can incite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following — edited for brevity and clarity — includes excerpts from Forum host Mina Kim’s discussion with guests \u003ca href=\"https://www.wajali.com/\">Wajahat Ali\u003c/a>, New York Times contributor and author of the book “Go Back to Where You Came From”; \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/otisrtaylorjr?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Otis R. Taylor Jr.\u003c/a>, managing editor for KQED News; and \u003ca href=\"https://sanfrancisco.adl.org/news/adl-central-pacifics-new-deputy-director/\">Teresa Drenick\u003c/a>, deputy director of the Anti-Defamation League’s Central Pacific Region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MINA KIM: The term “the Great Replacement theory” is popping up everywhere in the wake of the Buffalo shooting. What is it exactly?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> The replacement theory is a conspiracy theory that has emerged from the defeated swamps of neo-Nazis and white supremacists which says that the Jews are the head of an international cabal that is using Black folks, brown folks and immigrants to replace and weaken Western civilization. They believe there’s a natural order and that white, straight men are at the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s called a theory — replacement “theory” — but what we’re seeing is that it’s morphed into an ideology.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> It’s always been an ideology, right? It’s one of those things that existed once on the fringe. It’s always been here in a way. You just have to be a student of American history.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Otis R. Taylor Jr., managing editor, KQED News\"]‘California isn’t immune. California, since its inception, has been adversarial against people of color, particularly Asian people and Black people. So when we see what happens in Buffalo, we can’t think that that can’t happen here.’[/pullquote]What’s terrifying now is that a literal white supremacist conspiracy theory that once existed only on the fringes is now being promoted by GOP elected officials like Elise Stefanik (R-New York), the No. 3-ranking Republican, and nightly on Tucker Carlson’s highly rated [Fox News] show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’m hearing a lot of echoes in what Wajahat is saying in things that you [Otis R. Taylor Jr.] have said about progress being met with backlash. I know that you have been analyzing that backlash and extremism in California rearing its ugly head. Can you talk a little bit about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.:\u003c/strong> Just this morning [Monday], my colleagues Alex Hall and Julie Small released \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11913965/plot-to-blow-up-democratic-headquarters-exposed-california-extremists-hiding-in-plain-sight\">a story about two extremists that plotted to blow up a Sacramento building\u003c/a>, actually Democratic headquarters. Now, the language that they used is consistent with this ideology that has infected white men, not just in the last few years, but throughout history. As was said, once there is progress, there is this backlash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California isn’t immune. California, since its inception, has been adversarial against people of color, particularly Asian people and Black people. So when we see what happens in Buffalo, we can’t think that that can’t happen here. What that tells me is that this idea that was once on the fringe is mainstream and it’s crisscrossing the country and more and more people will be impacted by that violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And just to underscore that this is in California: One of the killings that’s being brought up was the [2019] \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/29/us/synagogue-shooting.html\">attack on the Poway synagogue\u003c/a> and how the 19-year-old gunman there also posted this racist screed full of antisemitic and racist statements about the European race needing to be protected. I mean, we see it here, we’ve seen it in Charlottesville [Virginia], in Charleston [South Carolina], and in El Paso [Texas]. We’re at a point where people are feeling incredibly inundated.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> Oftentimes we live in our own silos and we say, “We’re overwhelmed. That’s [someone else’s] issue.” But white supremacy is coming after all of us. Like you mentioned, this replacement theory has been the radicalizing ideology that inspired mass shooters in New Zealand and El Paso, Texas, and now Buffalo, New York. They all copycat each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another group that also gets attacked — and it’s important for people to know — is white people. White people who do not subscribe to this ideology or white people who are allies [to people of color] are seen as race traitors, and in American history, they were also seen as targets who were killed and shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a national security threat. It is the No. 1 domestic terror threat in America. This is global terrorism against people of color, immigrants and anyone [who white supremacists] see as a threat to their vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Liz_Cheney/status/1526159124840558592?s=20&t=IX9w8pjhLFvVBvZJfqiV2g\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you saying that regional differences really don’t matter, especially given the fact that so much of this is on our global internet?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> Well, yeah, exactly. I’ll give you a very quick example: This terrorist who shot and killed 10 people in Buffalo was inspired by a terrorist who shot and killed more than 50 Muslims \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/new-zealand-mosque-shootings\">in Christchurch, New Zealand\u003c/a>. That terrorist was inspired by [the man] who killed more than 80 people in Norway. This is an international, globalized network of hate that is radicalizing individuals to commit terror against people of color. It is an international terrorist network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who are the people that put this hate speech into action? What are the data showing you? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TERESA DRENICK: \u003c/strong>The data is showing that throughout the United States, we are seeing just an incredible rise and proliferation of white supremacist propaganda. In fact, the Anti-Defamation League issued our most recent study that shows propaganda distribution remains at historic levels across the entire country in 2021. We reported over 4,800 cases of racist, antisemitic and other hateful messages that proliferate throughout the internet, throughout banners, flyer drops, stickers that we see put up on campuses, in neighborhoods. And, you know, we’re not seeing an end to this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does the internet influence people’s determination to commit these acts?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TERESA DRENICK: \u003c/strong>Given the rise of social media and the ease with which messaging can be sent instantaneously throughout the cyberspace, these specific regional white supremacist and hate groups are operating everywhere all the time and influencing young people, influencing people who are going to these websites. And it’s a new phenomenon and it’s a growing phenomenon that we’re seeing.[aside postID=\"news_11914556\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/RS56089_025_KQED_BuffaloSolidarityVigil_05182022-qut-1020x679.jpg\"]\u003cb>Otis, you have been dismayed at the extent to which this has proliferated and how little has been done to stop it on the social media platforms where these conspiracies often circulate.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.:\u003c/strong> Just to underscore how much a problem this is, the U.S. Department of Justice launched a unit in January to investigate domestic terrorism. This problem has been able to proliferate because of the easy access to connecting with people through social media. Take, for example, what happened in Buffalo. It was livestreamed. That is intentional, not only to spread fear, but also to encourage others to participate in these kinds of acts of premeditated violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And of course, the platform Twitch says they took [the video] down within two minutes. But that video is readily accessible on any number of platforms right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is about white fear and what happens when that fear reaches a boiling point. People act out and there’s people who will pay the consequences of that fear. In fact, we have an entire party that is based on how to escalate that fear: how can they tap into that fear so they can win elections, not to help people, but just to spread more fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So let’s talk about that proliferation. Liz Cheney said [in a tweet], “The House GOP leadership has enabled white nationalism, white supremacy, and anti-semitism. History has taught us that what begins with words ends in far worse.” So, this is Liz Cheney, a GOP leader, saying this and also tweeting that GOP leaders must renounce and reject these views and those who hold them. So explain why, Wajahat, that the GOP needs to take responsibility as well?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> I mean, don’t take my word for it. Listen to Liz Cheney. She’s finally taking ownership over what the GOP and the right-wing movement have been doing for more than 50 years, through the Southern strategy, which has been using these racist dog whistles to try to do a divide-and-conquer tactic between white workers and Black, Latino and Asian workers that is trying to stoke this racial anxiety and cultural anxiety, trying to terrify them, that they’re being replaced by the Mexican laborers or the Muslims or the Asian Americans who spell really well: “They’re the ones taking our job.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Teresa Drenick, deputy director, Anti-Defamation League's Central Pacific Region\"]‘The data is showing that throughout the United States, we are seeing just an incredible rise and proliferation of white supremacist propaganda.’[/pullquote]It’s what we saw Donald Trump do with this just open bigotry: “We need a Muslim ban,” and, “The invaders are coming.” And right when he said that, right before the 2018 midterm elections, that same language was used as rationalization to \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/pittsburgh-synagogue-shooting-portraits-11-victims/story?id=58823835\">attack the Tree of Life Synagogue\u003c/a> in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and killed 11 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, why do I say the Republican Party is responsible? Because even though this Buffalo terrorist was not handed a gun by Tucker Carlson, Tucker Carlson and Elise Stefanik and GOP leaders in the right-wing ecosystem nonetheless dipped the bullets in the same ideological poison. They emerged from the same ideological infrastructure. Elise Stefanik decided last year to take out Facebook ads promoting the replacement theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you can’t even condemn the replacement theory, if you can’t even condemn a white supremacist conspiracy theory, then what does that say about your party? And here we are. And they still haven’t condemned it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I want to dig in a little bit in terms of how this ideology is expressed on TV. What’s different about the way this speech is presented on TV versus what we were just discussing about the internet?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.:\u003c/strong> White supremacists used to have hoods and robes designed for them. Now they wear designer clothes, designer suits. They no longer need to wear a mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“America First” and “Make America Great Again” have nothing to do with the citizens of this country. It is about promoting ideology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when you watch Tucker Carlson, it’s, “Hey, I’m just questioning this. This is what a good journalist does. And the fact that I’m questioning this, does that make me a racist?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He almost makes a mockery of anyone who wants to express a desire to help people of color that have long been marginalized and oppressed in this country. In fact, there’s the culture war brewing in this race to get the Republican nomination of who can be the most racist, who can be the most anti-woke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is nothing that’s different. This is what the [modern] Republican Party has always been about messaging, about being pro-life, about securing our borders, because the coded language there is, “They’re coming for your jobs. They’re coming for your family. They’re coming for our white women. They’re coming to sell you drugs.” And Tucker Carlson has benefited from that because his audience is largely white.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>But influential Republican leaders, like Elise Stefanik, are quick to denounce these acts of violence and insist they have never advocated for any racist positions. So unpack that for us.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> I’ve never met a racist in America. Nobody in the history of America is a racist. Have you noticed that? I’ve never met anyone. Even the KKK weren’t racist. When you ask the KKK, they said, “We’re not racist. We’re just trying to defend the white race, we’re just trying to defend the white people. That’s all. We’re fine with Black people if they just go to their own countries.” Encountering a racist is like finding Bigfoot — it’s impossible. And yet somehow, magically, racism proliferates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so there’s a couple of tactics that the right wing does. Tucker tries to Trojan-horse these white supremacist talking points on a show by doing the following: “I’m just asking questions. Can’t we just ask questions? Here, let me Trojan-horse this by asking a question.”[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Wajahat Ali, writer\"]‘I’ve never met a racist in America. Nobody in the history of America is a racist. Have you noticed that? … Encountering a racist is like finding Bigfoot — it’s impossible. And yet somehow, magically, racism proliferates.’[/pullquote]By doing this repeatedly, you move over to the window of … what [once] was considered forbidden that is now considered acceptable discourse. Then the second thing they do is, “Well, we’re just kidding. Well, we’re just joking.” Or, “We’re not just journalists. We’re not reporters. We’re just entertainers. We’re just joking. These are just jokes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then the third thing they do is a projection — deflection. They project onto the majority what they’re actually doing. “It’s actually you, the left, that’s radical. It’s actually you, the liberals who are racist. In fact, you and Otis are the race hustlers playing the race game by calling everyone else a racist.” That’s your deflection. You call all of us white supremacists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what we say is, no, I’m calling you white supremacists because you act and behave and talk like a white supremacist. And the failure of institutions and the majority and many — not you — of our media colleagues is they fall for it like Charlie Brown and Lucy in the football episode. And they do both-sides analysis. That’s the same thing as the right wing with its wealth of white supremacist talking points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both sides are extreme, and that’s how you launder and mainstream and Trojan-horse what was once fringe white supremacist talking points into mainstream talking points that are now believed by half of Republican voters and a third of American voters. And this is how you normalize hate. It’s happening right before our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So, what can we do about this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.\u003c/strong>:\u003c/b> What we’re seeing is what I believe is a lack of representation. The Bay Area is 60% people of color. California, the state, is majority people of color. But the majority of representatives in Sacramento and in Bay Area politics are white people. In fact, in the Bay Area, it’s 60% white people who represent the majority people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI: \u003c/strong>I get asked this question a lot: “I’m nobody and I’m not on TV like you. And what can I do? I’m overwhelmed. There’s so many problems.” And I always say, “I love nobodies. Some of my favorite people are nobodies. I’m a nobody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the day, we can only control our own intentions and our own actions. And I understand that everyone’s overwhelmed. And so what I would recommend people doing is the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. 1, have awareness, be aware of what’s happened in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. 2, make an intention to do something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And No. 3, then act. Act at the local level. First and foremost, act at the local level. Specifically, these forces that want to literally flatten us and violently remove us, are taking over school boards, city councils, medical boards. There’s no reason why you — yes, you listening right now — cannot run for office. Look at some of the Republicans who are elected. The bar is low. I want you to run for office. I want you to represent yourself in your community. I want you to show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they want us to do is be intimidated. We get intimidated. We don’t show up. They take over. They want us to cede the ground. We have the numbers. We just need to flex the numbers. We have the majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’d also say, be the America you want this country to be in your daily actions. If you’re a parent, model this type of language and these values in your home. You’ll be influencing generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re at a workplace, speak up, speak out, speak out for others to change the culture of your workplace. Look for equity, equal wages, opportunities. Reach out to folks who are marginalized and try to bring them in, mentor them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to media, call up your local newspaper, be a resource for them or speak up. Say something like, “Hey, how come you didn’t have a voice talking about X, Y and Z?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then also, vote if you can, because the largest group that does not vote is the people who can vote but don’t vote. Right, everyone says Republicans and Democrats. The biggest chunk of the pie are people who are eligible to vote in this country and they choose not to vote. You have to vote. Don’t be on the sidelines. Don’t choose apathy. Don’t choose cynicism. We have to have you to invest in hope and invest in this country. And that means getting in the ring and being made to be felt uncomfortable and making other people feel uncomfortable. This is the only way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And finally, you have to build a multicultural coalition of the willing. This is affecting all of us. So reach out and link up with other groups because we have the numbers. We have to flex them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The heavily armed 18-year-old man \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/15/1099028397/buffalo-shooting-what-we-know\">who allegedly opened fire\u003c/a> in a Buffalo, New York, supermarket last Saturday, killing 10 people and wounding three others — most of them Black — was an adherent of a white supremacist conspiracy theory that’s become increasingly espoused \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/17/1099223012/how-the-replacement-theory-went-mainstream-on-the-political-right\">by the mainstream political right\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The “Great Replacement,” as it’s known, was referenced in the 180-page manifesto the alleged shooter wrote and posted online before driving some two hours from his home to indiscriminately murder Black people in one of the \u003ca class=\"css-yywogo\" title=\"\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/news-event/buffalo-ny-mass-shooting?name=styln-buffalo-shooting®ion=TOP_BANNER&block=storyline_menu_recirc&action=click&pgtype=LegacyCollection&variant=show\">worst racist mass shootings in recent U.S. history\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The unfounded notion, one rooted in racist and antisemitic fanaticism, posits that the U.S. is growing increasingly diverse — the only accurate part — because elite Jewish liberals are importing non-white immigrants to “replace” white Christian people as part of a diabolical scheme to fundamentally reshape American politics and society.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Moreover, many white supremacists — the alleged shooter among them — insist that the influx of immigrants will, if unchecked, soon lead to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/16/1099034094/what-is-the-great-replacement-theory\">extinction of the white race\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White supremacist conspiracies, like this one, have always existed in some form or another in American society (not to mention many others), and often form the fuel that ignites horrific, racist acts of violence, like the tragedy that unfolded last week in Buffalo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this week\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101889182/how-hateful-ideology-fuels-hate-crimes\">, KQED Forum examined\u003c/a> the “Great Replacement” and other racist conspiracies, and the alarming tendency they have to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/05/17/1099233034/the-great-replacement-conspiracy-theory-isnt-fringe-anymore-its-mainstream\">rapidly seep from the extreme fringes into mainstream political discourse\u003c/a>, and the devastating real-world impacts they can incite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following — edited for brevity and clarity — includes excerpts from Forum host Mina Kim’s discussion with guests \u003ca href=\"https://www.wajali.com/\">Wajahat Ali\u003c/a>, New York Times contributor and author of the book “Go Back to Where You Came From”; \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/otisrtaylorjr?ref_src=twsrc%5Egoogle%7Ctwcamp%5Eserp%7Ctwgr%5Eauthor\">Otis R. Taylor Jr.\u003c/a>, managing editor for KQED News; and \u003ca href=\"https://sanfrancisco.adl.org/news/adl-central-pacifics-new-deputy-director/\">Teresa Drenick\u003c/a>, deputy director of the Anti-Defamation League’s Central Pacific Region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>MINA KIM: The term “the Great Replacement theory” is popping up everywhere in the wake of the Buffalo shooting. What is it exactly?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> The replacement theory is a conspiracy theory that has emerged from the defeated swamps of neo-Nazis and white supremacists which says that the Jews are the head of an international cabal that is using Black folks, brown folks and immigrants to replace and weaken Western civilization. They believe there’s a natural order and that white, straight men are at the top.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It’s called a theory — replacement “theory” — but what we’re seeing is that it’s morphed into an ideology.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> It’s always been an ideology, right? It’s one of those things that existed once on the fringe. It’s always been here in a way. You just have to be a student of American history.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘California isn’t immune. California, since its inception, has been adversarial against people of color, particularly Asian people and Black people. So when we see what happens in Buffalo, we can’t think that that can’t happen here.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>What’s terrifying now is that a literal white supremacist conspiracy theory that once existed only on the fringes is now being promoted by GOP elected officials like Elise Stefanik (R-New York), the No. 3-ranking Republican, and nightly on Tucker Carlson’s highly rated [Fox News] show.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’m hearing a lot of echoes in what Wajahat is saying in things that you [Otis R. Taylor Jr.] have said about progress being met with backlash. I know that you have been analyzing that backlash and extremism in California rearing its ugly head. Can you talk a little bit about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.:\u003c/strong> Just this morning [Monday], my colleagues Alex Hall and Julie Small released \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11913965/plot-to-blow-up-democratic-headquarters-exposed-california-extremists-hiding-in-plain-sight\">a story about two extremists that plotted to blow up a Sacramento building\u003c/a>, actually Democratic headquarters. Now, the language that they used is consistent with this ideology that has infected white men, not just in the last few years, but throughout history. As was said, once there is progress, there is this backlash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But California isn’t immune. California, since its inception, has been adversarial against people of color, particularly Asian people and Black people. So when we see what happens in Buffalo, we can’t think that that can’t happen here. What that tells me is that this idea that was once on the fringe is mainstream and it’s crisscrossing the country and more and more people will be impacted by that violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>And just to underscore that this is in California: One of the killings that’s being brought up was the [2019] \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/29/us/synagogue-shooting.html\">attack on the Poway synagogue\u003c/a> and how the 19-year-old gunman there also posted this racist screed full of antisemitic and racist statements about the European race needing to be protected. I mean, we see it here, we’ve seen it in Charlottesville [Virginia], in Charleston [South Carolina], and in El Paso [Texas]. We’re at a point where people are feeling incredibly inundated.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> Oftentimes we live in our own silos and we say, “We’re overwhelmed. That’s [someone else’s] issue.” But white supremacy is coming after all of us. Like you mentioned, this replacement theory has been the radicalizing ideology that inspired mass shooters in New Zealand and El Paso, Texas, and now Buffalo, New York. They all copycat each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another group that also gets attacked — and it’s important for people to know — is white people. White people who do not subscribe to this ideology or white people who are allies [to people of color] are seen as race traitors, and in American history, they were also seen as targets who were killed and shot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a national security threat. It is the No. 1 domestic terror threat in America. This is global terrorism against people of color, immigrants and anyone [who white supremacists] see as a threat to their vision.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Are you saying that regional differences really don’t matter, especially given the fact that so much of this is on our global internet?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> Well, yeah, exactly. I’ll give you a very quick example: This terrorist who shot and killed 10 people in Buffalo was inspired by a terrorist who shot and killed more than 50 Muslims \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/world/new-zealand-mosque-shootings\">in Christchurch, New Zealand\u003c/a>. That terrorist was inspired by [the man] who killed more than 80 people in Norway. This is an international, globalized network of hate that is radicalizing individuals to commit terror against people of color. It is an international terrorist network.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who are the people that put this hate speech into action? What are the data showing you? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TERESA DRENICK: \u003c/strong>The data is showing that throughout the United States, we are seeing just an incredible rise and proliferation of white supremacist propaganda. In fact, the Anti-Defamation League issued our most recent study that shows propaganda distribution remains at historic levels across the entire country in 2021. We reported over 4,800 cases of racist, antisemitic and other hateful messages that proliferate throughout the internet, throughout banners, flyer drops, stickers that we see put up on campuses, in neighborhoods. And, you know, we’re not seeing an end to this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How does the internet influence people’s determination to commit these acts?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>TERESA DRENICK: \u003c/strong>Given the rise of social media and the ease with which messaging can be sent instantaneously throughout the cyberspace, these specific regional white supremacist and hate groups are operating everywhere all the time and influencing young people, influencing people who are going to these websites. And it’s a new phenomenon and it’s a growing phenomenon that we’re seeing.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cb>Otis, you have been dismayed at the extent to which this has proliferated and how little has been done to stop it on the social media platforms where these conspiracies often circulate.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.:\u003c/strong> Just to underscore how much a problem this is, the U.S. Department of Justice launched a unit in January to investigate domestic terrorism. This problem has been able to proliferate because of the easy access to connecting with people through social media. Take, for example, what happened in Buffalo. It was livestreamed. That is intentional, not only to spread fear, but also to encourage others to participate in these kinds of acts of premeditated violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And of course, the platform Twitch says they took [the video] down within two minutes. But that video is readily accessible on any number of platforms right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is about white fear and what happens when that fear reaches a boiling point. People act out and there’s people who will pay the consequences of that fear. In fact, we have an entire party that is based on how to escalate that fear: how can they tap into that fear so they can win elections, not to help people, but just to spread more fear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So let’s talk about that proliferation. Liz Cheney said [in a tweet], “The House GOP leadership has enabled white nationalism, white supremacy, and anti-semitism. History has taught us that what begins with words ends in far worse.” So, this is Liz Cheney, a GOP leader, saying this and also tweeting that GOP leaders must renounce and reject these views and those who hold them. So explain why, Wajahat, that the GOP needs to take responsibility as well?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> I mean, don’t take my word for it. Listen to Liz Cheney. She’s finally taking ownership over what the GOP and the right-wing movement have been doing for more than 50 years, through the Southern strategy, which has been using these racist dog whistles to try to do a divide-and-conquer tactic between white workers and Black, Latino and Asian workers that is trying to stoke this racial anxiety and cultural anxiety, trying to terrify them, that they’re being replaced by the Mexican laborers or the Muslims or the Asian Americans who spell really well: “They’re the ones taking our job.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>It’s what we saw Donald Trump do with this just open bigotry: “We need a Muslim ban,” and, “The invaders are coming.” And right when he said that, right before the 2018 midterm elections, that same language was used as rationalization to \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/pittsburgh-synagogue-shooting-portraits-11-victims/story?id=58823835\">attack the Tree of Life Synagogue\u003c/a> in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, and killed 11 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, why do I say the Republican Party is responsible? Because even though this Buffalo terrorist was not handed a gun by Tucker Carlson, Tucker Carlson and Elise Stefanik and GOP leaders in the right-wing ecosystem nonetheless dipped the bullets in the same ideological poison. They emerged from the same ideological infrastructure. Elise Stefanik decided last year to take out Facebook ads promoting the replacement theory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if you can’t even condemn the replacement theory, if you can’t even condemn a white supremacist conspiracy theory, then what does that say about your party? And here we are. And they still haven’t condemned it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I want to dig in a little bit in terms of how this ideology is expressed on TV. What’s different about the way this speech is presented on TV versus what we were just discussing about the internet?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.:\u003c/strong> White supremacists used to have hoods and robes designed for them. Now they wear designer clothes, designer suits. They no longer need to wear a mask.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“America First” and “Make America Great Again” have nothing to do with the citizens of this country. It is about promoting ideology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when you watch Tucker Carlson, it’s, “Hey, I’m just questioning this. This is what a good journalist does. And the fact that I’m questioning this, does that make me a racist?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He almost makes a mockery of anyone who wants to express a desire to help people of color that have long been marginalized and oppressed in this country. In fact, there’s the culture war brewing in this race to get the Republican nomination of who can be the most racist, who can be the most anti-woke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is nothing that’s different. This is what the [modern] Republican Party has always been about messaging, about being pro-life, about securing our borders, because the coded language there is, “They’re coming for your jobs. They’re coming for your family. They’re coming for our white women. They’re coming to sell you drugs.” And Tucker Carlson has benefited from that because his audience is largely white.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>But influential Republican leaders, like Elise Stefanik, are quick to denounce these acts of violence and insist they have never advocated for any racist positions. So unpack that for us.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI:\u003c/strong> I’ve never met a racist in America. Nobody in the history of America is a racist. Have you noticed that? I’ve never met anyone. Even the KKK weren’t racist. When you ask the KKK, they said, “We’re not racist. We’re just trying to defend the white race, we’re just trying to defend the white people. That’s all. We’re fine with Black people if they just go to their own countries.” Encountering a racist is like finding Bigfoot — it’s impossible. And yet somehow, magically, racism proliferates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so there’s a couple of tactics that the right wing does. Tucker tries to Trojan-horse these white supremacist talking points on a show by doing the following: “I’m just asking questions. Can’t we just ask questions? Here, let me Trojan-horse this by asking a question.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>By doing this repeatedly, you move over to the window of … what [once] was considered forbidden that is now considered acceptable discourse. Then the second thing they do is, “Well, we’re just kidding. Well, we’re just joking.” Or, “We’re not just journalists. We’re not reporters. We’re just entertainers. We’re just joking. These are just jokes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then the third thing they do is a projection — deflection. They project onto the majority what they’re actually doing. “It’s actually you, the left, that’s radical. It’s actually you, the liberals who are racist. In fact, you and Otis are the race hustlers playing the race game by calling everyone else a racist.” That’s your deflection. You call all of us white supremacists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what we say is, no, I’m calling you white supremacists because you act and behave and talk like a white supremacist. And the failure of institutions and the majority and many — not you — of our media colleagues is they fall for it like Charlie Brown and Lucy in the football episode. And they do both-sides analysis. That’s the same thing as the right wing with its wealth of white supremacist talking points.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both sides are extreme, and that’s how you launder and mainstream and Trojan-horse what was once fringe white supremacist talking points into mainstream talking points that are now believed by half of Republican voters and a third of American voters. And this is how you normalize hate. It’s happening right before our eyes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>So, what can we do about this?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>\u003cstrong>OTIS R. TAYLOR JR.\u003c/strong>:\u003c/b> What we’re seeing is what I believe is a lack of representation. The Bay Area is 60% people of color. California, the state, is majority people of color. But the majority of representatives in Sacramento and in Bay Area politics are white people. In fact, in the Bay Area, it’s 60% white people who represent the majority people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>WAJAHAT ALI: \u003c/strong>I get asked this question a lot: “I’m nobody and I’m not on TV like you. And what can I do? I’m overwhelmed. There’s so many problems.” And I always say, “I love nobodies. Some of my favorite people are nobodies. I’m a nobody.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the end of the day, we can only control our own intentions and our own actions. And I understand that everyone’s overwhelmed. And so what I would recommend people doing is the following:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. 1, have awareness, be aware of what’s happened in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No. 2, make an intention to do something.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And No. 3, then act. Act at the local level. First and foremost, act at the local level. Specifically, these forces that want to literally flatten us and violently remove us, are taking over school boards, city councils, medical boards. There’s no reason why you — yes, you listening right now — cannot run for office. Look at some of the Republicans who are elected. The bar is low. I want you to run for office. I want you to represent yourself in your community. I want you to show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What they want us to do is be intimidated. We get intimidated. We don’t show up. They take over. They want us to cede the ground. We have the numbers. We just need to flex the numbers. We have the majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’d also say, be the America you want this country to be in your daily actions. If you’re a parent, model this type of language and these values in your home. You’ll be influencing generations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re at a workplace, speak up, speak out, speak out for others to change the culture of your workplace. Look for equity, equal wages, opportunities. Reach out to folks who are marginalized and try to bring them in, mentor them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to media, call up your local newspaper, be a resource for them or speak up. Say something like, “Hey, how come you didn’t have a voice talking about X, Y and Z?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then also, vote if you can, because the largest group that does not vote is the people who can vote but don’t vote. Right, everyone says Republicans and Democrats. The biggest chunk of the pie are people who are eligible to vote in this country and they choose not to vote. You have to vote. Don’t be on the sidelines. Don’t choose apathy. Don’t choose cynicism. We have to have you to invest in hope and invest in this country. And that means getting in the ring and being made to be felt uncomfortable and making other people feel uncomfortable. This is the only way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And finally, you have to build a multicultural coalition of the willing. This is affecting all of us. So reach out and link up with other groups because we have the numbers. We have to flex them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "'I'm Heartbroken': Bay Area Residents With Ties to Ukraine Fear for Their Loved Ones",
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"content": "\u003cp>Many Ukrainian Americans living in the Bay Area are worried for their families and friends after Russia sent military forces into Luhansk and Donetsk — the two regions in eastern Ukraine, known collectively as Donbas, that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/02/21/1082146367/putin-ukraine-donetsk-luhansk\">Russian President Vladimir Putin recognized as independent states\u003c/a> on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Putin sends in troops under what many diplomats believe to be \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-business-europe-russia-vladimir-putin-46cef648807d0e3c2bac9793ad9022a6\">the false pretense of “peacekeeping,”\u003c/a> members of the Bay Area Ukrainian community are checking in on their loved ones in the country, and many are preparing for the worst. Still, they say that the Ukrainian people are resilient and determined to defend their country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nick Bilogorskiy lives in Santa Clara, but his family lives in Kharkiv, Ukraine, which is only 35 miles from the Russian border and 100 miles from the Donbas region. He said they don’t have any plans to relocate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they don’t want to leave behind their livelihood, their friends, their work, their houses, their pets,” he said. “It’s really difficult to be internally displaced. They don’t want to take that step until it’s absolutely necessary.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bilogorskiy is co-chair of \u003ca href=\"https://novaukraine.org\">Nova Ukraine\u003c/a>, a nonprofit that provides resources to Ukrainian communities in the United States and humanitarian aid to Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sunday, Bilogorskiy helped organize \u003ca href=\"https://sanfrancisco.cbslocal.com/2022/02/20/ukraine-supporters-rally-san-francisco/\">a rally at the Ferry Building\u003c/a> in San Francisco. Around 300 Ukrainian Americans and their allies gathered to express their fears for the safety of their loved ones and called on local and state officials to demand harsher sanctions against Russia and more economic aid for Ukraine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The White House is now calling Russia’s troop deployments in eastern Ukraine an \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-boris-johnson-business-europe-united-nations-security-council-dbf42c76b39f8f87e3204602b1d6af4f\">\"invasion\" after initially being hesitant to use the term\u003c/a>. Around the world, leaders condemned Putin and prepared to hit Russia with sanctions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We think this is, yes, the beginning of an invasion, Russia’s latest invasion into Ukraine,” said Jon Finer, principal deputy national security adviser for the Biden administration. He said “latest” was important. “An invasion is an invasion and that is what is underway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Follow the latest news\" link1=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/02/22/1082308773/biden-russia-ukraine-updates,Biden says Russia's military moves are the beginning of an invasion of Ukraine\" hero=\"https://media.npr.org/assets/img/2022/02/22/gettyimages-1238687414_wide-39d873f7749b4e34388c18719774abb6d1c35b12-s1600-c85.webp\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At home in San Francisco, writer and journalist Zarina Zabrisky said that even though she is not Ukrainian, she has many friends in the country and visits it often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m heartbroken, I cry often. I feel like flying there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zabrisky has been constantly checking in on her friends. She said many are preparing for the worst, including taking first-aid courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are stocking up on anything from water to little gas canisters, hygiene and medical supplies,” she said. “And a lot of people and women — middle-aged women in their 50s — are training, taking active military courses to go to the army and defend Ukraine with a firearm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexandra Chalupa, a lawyer and Ukrainian American activist in Washington, D.C., who has family in Ukraine, said this is familiar territory for Ukrainians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What Ukrainians have shown the world is exactly how to stand your ground against authoritarian struts like this, whether they are domestic or foreign,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chalupa recalled the Heavenly Hundred, a group of protesters slain in 2014 during the Revolution of Dignity that helped to oust Russian-backed President Viktor Yanukovych and install a new Ukrainian government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ukrainians have a very unique, special spirit about them,” Chalupa said. “They still came out and protested, and that’s exactly what it takes to protect democracy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy sought to project calm on Monday, telling the country in an address overnight: “We are not afraid of anyone or anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters, some draped in Ukrainian flags, gathered outside the Russian embassy in Kyiv. One held up a sign that read: “We choose Europe not Russia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, dismissed as “nonsense” Putin’s assertion that Russian troops would be in Donbas as peacekeepers, saying their presence is “clearly the basis for Russia’s attempt to create a pretext for a further invasion of Ukraine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas-Greenfield said the Russian president has presented the world with a choice and it “must not look away” because “history tells us that looking the other way in the face of such hostility will be a far more costly path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Mike Corder of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At home in San Francisco, writer and journalist Zarina Zabrisky said that even though she is not Ukrainian, she has many friends in the country and visits it often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m heartbroken, I cry often. I feel like flying there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zabrisky has been constantly checking in on her friends. She said many are preparing for the worst, including taking first-aid courses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are stocking up on anything from water to little gas canisters, hygiene and medical supplies,” she said. “And a lot of people and women — middle-aged women in their 50s — are training, taking active military courses to go to the army and defend Ukraine with a firearm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexandra Chalupa, a lawyer and Ukrainian American activist in Washington, D.C., who has family in Ukraine, said this is familiar territory for Ukrainians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What Ukrainians have shown the world is exactly how to stand your ground against authoritarian struts like this, whether they are domestic or foreign,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chalupa recalled the Heavenly Hundred, a group of protesters slain in 2014 during the Revolution of Dignity that helped to oust Russian-backed President Viktor Yanukovych and install a new Ukrainian government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ukrainians have a very unique, special spirit about them,” Chalupa said. “They still came out and protested, and that’s exactly what it takes to protect democracy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy sought to project calm on Monday, telling the country in an address overnight: “We are not afraid of anyone or anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Protesters, some draped in Ukrainian flags, gathered outside the Russian embassy in Kyiv. One held up a sign that read: “We choose Europe not Russia.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Linda Thomas-Greenfield, the U.S. ambassador to the United Nations, dismissed as “nonsense” Putin’s assertion that Russian troops would be in Donbas as peacekeepers, saying their presence is “clearly the basis for Russia’s attempt to create a pretext for a further invasion of Ukraine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomas-Greenfield said the Russian president has presented the world with a choice and it “must not look away” because “history tells us that looking the other way in the face of such hostility will be a far more costly path.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story includes reporting from Mike Corder of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>A proposal before the PUC that would impose substantial new costs on rooftop solar systems has been suspended, but not before it sparked outrage across California. Andrew Lewis has this Perspective. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1696, a British government desperate for revenue imposed a tax on windows. In response, the English people chose to board up their houses, closing themselves in darkness. Windows allow sunlight and fresh air into homes. The sun and light belong not to us, one might reason, but to God. How could any people in their right mind tax God?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, frustrated by governmental inaction over climate change, our family decided to do what we could to help transition our beloved state to a clean energy future. We paid dearly to install a 7-kilowatt hour solar system. It would power our house. And it would power our car. Any excess power was sent back onto the grid to be consumed by our neighbors before it even reached the end of our block. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, PG&E and other utilities have pushed forward a plan with the California Public Utility Commission that would penalize homeowners for installing solar panels. These new rules would allow bad-faith actors to once again monopolize power generation. Under the new rules, a family such as ours, which uses little power from the grid, and in fact provides power to others, would now be charged an additional $600 per year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not much, it seems has changed between 1696 and 2022. By taxing homeowners for installing solar panels, the CPUC plan would punish average citizens, taxing them for that which is freely given by nature. They would, you might say, be levying a fine against God. Rather than moving us toward a clean energy future, our utility companies that are supposed to serve, instead are leading us into darkness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a Perspective, this is Andrew Lewis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Andrew Lewis lives in Sebastopol.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>A proposal before the PUC that would impose substantial new costs on rooftop solar systems has been suspended, but not before it sparked outrage across California. Andrew Lewis has this Perspective. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1696, a British government desperate for revenue imposed a tax on windows. In response, the English people chose to board up their houses, closing themselves in darkness. Windows allow sunlight and fresh air into homes. The sun and light belong not to us, one might reason, but to God. How could any people in their right mind tax God?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, frustrated by governmental inaction over climate change, our family decided to do what we could to help transition our beloved state to a clean energy future. We paid dearly to install a 7-kilowatt hour solar system. It would power our house. And it would power our car. Any excess power was sent back onto the grid to be consumed by our neighbors before it even reached the end of our block. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, PG&E and other utilities have pushed forward a plan with the California Public Utility Commission that would penalize homeowners for installing solar panels. These new rules would allow bad-faith actors to once again monopolize power generation. Under the new rules, a family such as ours, which uses little power from the grid, and in fact provides power to others, would now be charged an additional $600 per year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not much, it seems has changed between 1696 and 2022. By taxing homeowners for installing solar panels, the CPUC plan would punish average citizens, taxing them for that which is freely given by nature. They would, you might say, be levying a fine against God. Rather than moving us toward a clean energy future, our utility companies that are supposed to serve, instead are leading us into darkness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a Perspective, this is Andrew Lewis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Andrew Lewis lives in Sebastopol.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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The caste system has roots in the Hindu religion, and though it is officially outlawed in many countries, discrimination still persists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For some current and former students who have suffered caste discrimination firsthand, these new protections provide an element of accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Society needs to understand the gravity of caste discrimination,” said Prem Pariyar, who received his master’s degree in social work from California State University East Bay in 2021, has been a leader in the fight for caste protections in the CSU system. “People are \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/us-nepal-rights-discrimination-trfn/dalit-killings-in-nepal-spark-outrage-over-caste-discrimination-idUSKBN23O23F\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">being killed\u003c/a>. People are \u003ca href=\"https://theconversation.com/gang-rape-exposes-caste-violence-in-india-and-the-limits-of-me-too-154623\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">being raped\u003c/a> in the name of caste.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Prem Pariyar, CSU East Bay alumnus\"]‘Society needs to understand the gravity of caste discrimination.’[/pullquote]Pariyar said when he speaks about his own experiences with caste discrimination, many people don’t understand. He’s experienced discrimination as a Dalit — one of the most oppressed classes in the caste system sometimes referred to as “Untouchable” — after he introduced himself to a pair of students on campus speaking Nepali.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pariyar said the students looked at him from top to bottom. “In the beginning, they talked to me in a nice way,” he said, “but after knowing my first and last name, they started to distance themselves.” Knowing his first and last name — for those who understand caste nuances — gave away Pariyar’s so-called lower caste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pariyar said that he quickly understood what the two men were thinking, apologized and walked away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Caste has thousands and thousands of years of history. Many generations spend their lives as ‘untouchables,'” Pariyar said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a study conducted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.equalitylabs.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Equality Labs\u003c/a>, a Dalit civil rights organization, one in three American Dalit students reports being discriminated against during their education, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.yesmagazine.org/opinion/2020/09/01/caste-race-united-states\">25% said they had faced verbal or physical assault\u003c/a> because of their caste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Race and caste are not the same system, but they are parallel oppressions that have the same logic,” wrote Thenmozhi Soundararajan, executive director of Equality Labs in an \u003ca href=\"https://www.yesmagazine.org/opinion/2020/09/01/caste-race-united-states\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">opinion piece\u003c/a> for Yes! magazine.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nSome CSU students feel that the new caste protections could open the door for bigger conversations on equity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It allows for the space for caste-oppressed students, staff and faculty to come forward and share their experiences,” said Sahiba Singh. Singh is a student at San Francisco State University studying ethnic studies and one of the leaders in the CSU-wide coalition that fought for caste protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By adopting caste protections, [California State University is] really setting that precedent for other universities across the nation to follow in affirming their commitment to civil rights,” Singh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Singh and Pariyar said their work is just beginning. 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"content": "\u003cp>Labor rights advocates in San Francisco are hailing a new groundbreaking measure that makes it easier for the city’s estimated 10,000 domestic workers – including nannies, house cleaners and gardeners — to take paid sick leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new ordinance, which the city’s Board of Supervisors unanimously approved last week, will establish a benefits system, likely in the form of an app, that tracks workers’ hours across multiple employers, and allots one hour of sick time for every 30 hours of work. Currently, domestic workers’ hours are not tallied collectively, so most have to work 30 hours for an individual employer before earning sick time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most workers have one or two employers that track and distribute paid sick time as needed,” said Supervisor Hillary Ronen, who co-sponsored the measure with Supervisor Myrna Melgar. “Domestic workers, however, often work sporadic schedules for multiple, individual employers, which makes it almost impossible for them to accrue enough paid sick time from any one employer.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Evelin Alfaro, a house cleaner\"]‘It extends dignity to our work and also recognition to me as a human being.’[/pullquote]Ronen said the Domestic Workers’ Equal Access to Paid Sick Leave Ordinance is the first of its kind in the nation, and requires all employers in San Francisco to offer paid sick leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To take effect, the measure needs a second vote by the supervisors, where it will then await Mayor London Breed’s signature. It would then take several months for the city to hire a private company to administer the benefits program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kimberly Alvarenga, the executive director of the California Domestic Workers Coalition, which helped develop the ordinance, said that even though domestic workers in the city have had the right to paid sick leave since 2007 — when voters passed \u003ca href=\"http://www.smartvoter.org/2006/11/07/ca/sf/meas/F/\">Proposition F\u003c/a> — they have always felt that the benefit was out of reach. She said the new law will affect workers who are often underpaid and who have few benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are primarily women, they are primarily immigrant women,” Alvarenga said. “Many of them are undocumented women who don’t have the privilege of those systems.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alvarenga said many employers she has spoken to support the ordinance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We truly believe that San Franciscans really do respect the work of immigrant workers,” Alvarenga said. “Most of them don’t feel the burden of adding that one hour of pay for every 30 hours of work — they really support their workers.”[aside postID=\"news_11889701,news_11899392\" label=\"Related Posts\"]The coronavirus pandemic, she added, highlighted the vulnerability of domestic workers because “if they didn’t go to work, they didn’t get paid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they became ill with the virus, if a family member became ill with the virus, they had no choice,” Alvarenga said. “This ordinance will provide some equity so when they become ill, they can take a day to take care of themselves, children or family members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelin Alfaro, who has been cleaning houses in San Francisco for 11 years, said even though she should have access to paid sick leave, she hasn’t been able to accrue enough hours because of the multiple employers she works for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It extends dignity to our work and also recognition to me as a human being,” Alfaro said. But, she added, the new measure is only as good as the number of people who know about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that the changes we are creating in the law don’t matter unless we are able to reach people,” she said. “We’re making sure that the 10,000 domestic workers in San Francisco actually know that this exists and that they have the right to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The coronavirus pandemic, she added, highlighted the vulnerability of domestic workers because “if they didn’t go to work, they didn’t get paid.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they became ill with the virus, if a family member became ill with the virus, they had no choice,” Alvarenga said. “This ordinance will provide some equity so when they become ill, they can take a day to take care of themselves, children or family members.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelin Alfaro, who has been cleaning houses in San Francisco for 11 years, said even though she should have access to paid sick leave, she hasn’t been able to accrue enough hours because of the multiple employers she works for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It extends dignity to our work and also recognition to me as a human being,” Alfaro said. But, she added, the new measure is only as good as the number of people who know about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that the changes we are creating in the law don’t matter unless we are able to reach people,” she said. “We’re making sure that the 10,000 domestic workers in San Francisco actually know that this exists and that they have the right to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Bay Area is home to two of the most sustainable metro areas in the country, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://unsdsn.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/08/US-Cities-SDG-Index-2017.pdf\">new study put together for the United Nations\u003c/a>. The San Jose-Santa Clara-Sunnyvale area topped the list, and the San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward area came in fourth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Diego-Carlsbad area and the Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura area landed spots five and eight, respectively, giving California more cities on the list than any other state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Using public, published data, the index measured how well cities met the 17 U.N. sustainable development goals (SDG), which include: zero hunger, no poverty, quality education, affordable and clean energy, and industry, innovation and infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think it’s an accident that California does so well on this because it has embraced many of these objectives for a long time, far ahead of the rest of the country,” said Columbia University professor Jeffrey Sachs, who directed the network of experts that compiled the index.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sachs hopes policymakers around the country will use the index as a tool to pinpoint problems to tackle in their region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Jose and San Francisco metro areas scored poorly on gender equality, earning an orange rating -- the second worst -- on a four-tiered, color-coded scale. This comes in the same time period that a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/google-grapples-with-fallout-after-employee-slams-diversity-efforts/\">memo written by a former Google employee\u003c/a> was scrutinized for saying the tech industry’s gender gap is rooted in \"biological causes\" between the sexes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the worst, thank goodness, but it means a lot of improvement is needed,” Sachs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, only the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim and the New York-Newark-Jersey City areas scored higher for gender equality. No regions were rated green, the best possible score.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The index is expected to be used to make a list of goals for the United States to achieve by 2030, which includes plans for tackling climate change and moving toward clean and affordable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My hope is that this set of ideas and metrics, like the ones in this report, really become a guiding principle because America is off track, and it has all the potential to get on track,” Sachs said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The San Jose and San Francisco metro areas scored poorly on gender equality, earning an orange rating -- the second worst -- on a four-tiered, color-coded scale. This comes in the same time period that a \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/08/07/google-grapples-with-fallout-after-employee-slams-diversity-efforts/\">memo written by a former Google employee\u003c/a> was scrutinized for saying the tech industry’s gender gap is rooted in \"biological causes\" between the sexes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not the worst, thank goodness, but it means a lot of improvement is needed,” Sachs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, only the Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim and the New York-Newark-Jersey City areas scored higher for gender equality. No regions were rated green, the best possible score.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The index is expected to be used to make a list of goals for the United States to achieve by 2030, which includes plans for tackling climate change and moving toward clean and affordable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My hope is that this set of ideas and metrics, like the ones in this report, really become a guiding principle because America is off track, and it has all the potential to get on track,” Sachs said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Since July 1, 2016, Contra Costa County lost five psychiatrists who serve the county’s at-risk youth — minors in foster care and juvenile hall and victims of child sexual exploitation and domestic violence — and they have yet to replace them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Family and Human Services Committee hearing on Monday, county officials responded to a civil grand jury report claiming that there is on average a 1-to-310 ratio of psychiatrists to cases of children with moderate to severe mental health issues. Sometimes it’s even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was an alarming ratio for most in the room, but committee members said they couldn’t be sure the statistic was accurate because they don’t know where the grand jury got its data. So Cynthia Belon, director of Contra Costa’s Behavioral Health Services, was asked to dig deeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will then be able to see that all these tables are accurate or not, which we believe they’re not, but we need to actually do further analysis,” Belon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee requested that Belon put together a report for its Aug. 15 meeting. It is expected to include the number of currently open cases and the number of psychiatrists on staff and how they are distributed. The committee also requested demographic breakdowns to see if the deficit is disproportionately affecting black and Latino children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Belon, only two full-time and seven part-time psychiatrists are currently working in the county’s three mental health clinics for children in Richmond, Antioch and Concord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Belon says the county is always recruiting for mental health professionals, but that the budget poses limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psychiatrists are expensive, and Contra Costa is competing with other counties and the private sector, which can pay 25 percent to 50 percent more, according to Dr. Frank Barham, a retired county psychiatrist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says it wasn’t uncommon for grandparents to bring children in to see him because their parents were either in rehab or jail. He treated these kids for issues like depression and dyslexia, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problems are generally quite severe, and they’re not going to be able to function in society [without help],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behavioral Health Services is expected to suggest a pay increase to the committee, based on salaries of other Bay Area county psychiatrists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Barham, says there’s a snowball effect happening at the children’s mental health clinics because of high turnover rates and low pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It’s] going to get worse because, when you get fewer staff, that means there’s an overload on those there. Case in point, which is the worst, is East County, where they had hundreds of kids on the waitlist,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Belon said she couldn’t be sure how many kids are on the waitlist, but that at-risk youth receive a referral to see a mental health clinician within eight to 13 days of reaching out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barham stressed the importance of these children seeing psychiatrists, and not just mental health clinicians, who he said don’t have the training or knowledge of how to correctly diagnosis mental health issues in children or track their development.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Since July 1, 2016, Contra Costa County lost five psychiatrists who serve the county’s at-risk youth — minors in foster care and juvenile hall and victims of child sexual exploitation and domestic violence — and they have yet to replace them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Family and Human Services Committee hearing on Monday, county officials responded to a civil grand jury report claiming that there is on average a 1-to-310 ratio of psychiatrists to cases of children with moderate to severe mental health issues. Sometimes it’s even worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was an alarming ratio for most in the room, but committee members said they couldn’t be sure the statistic was accurate because they don’t know where the grand jury got its data. So Cynthia Belon, director of Contra Costa’s Behavioral Health Services, was asked to dig deeper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will then be able to see that all these tables are accurate or not, which we believe they’re not, but we need to actually do further analysis,” Belon said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The committee requested that Belon put together a report for its Aug. 15 meeting. It is expected to include the number of currently open cases and the number of psychiatrists on staff and how they are distributed. The committee also requested demographic breakdowns to see if the deficit is disproportionately affecting black and Latino children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Belon, only two full-time and seven part-time psychiatrists are currently working in the county’s three mental health clinics for children in Richmond, Antioch and Concord.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Belon says the county is always recruiting for mental health professionals, but that the budget poses limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Psychiatrists are expensive, and Contra Costa is competing with other counties and the private sector, which can pay 25 percent to 50 percent more, according to Dr. Frank Barham, a retired county psychiatrist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says it wasn’t uncommon for grandparents to bring children in to see him because their parents were either in rehab or jail. He treated these kids for issues like depression and dyslexia, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problems are generally quite severe, and they’re not going to be able to function in society [without help],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Behavioral Health Services is expected to suggest a pay increase to the committee, based on salaries of other Bay Area county psychiatrists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Barham, says there’s a snowball effect happening at the children’s mental health clinics because of high turnover rates and low pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[It’s] going to get worse because, when you get fewer staff, that means there’s an overload on those there. Case in point, which is the worst, is East County, where they had hundreds of kids on the waitlist,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Belon said she couldn’t be sure how many kids are on the waitlist, but that at-risk youth receive a referral to see a mental health clinician within eight to 13 days of reaching out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Barham stressed the importance of these children seeing psychiatrists, and not just mental health clinicians, who he said don’t have the training or knowledge of how to correctly diagnosis mental health issues in children or track their development.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A housing complex for low-income seniors, which was at the center of controversy between San Francisco and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development during the Obama administration, celebrated its grand opening Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Willie B. Kennedy Apartments -- named after the late San Francisco supervisor -- prioritizes 40 percent of its 98 units for low-income seniors in the city who are most at risk of displacement. It also designates 20 percent of the units for formerly homeless seniors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last fall, HUD told Mayor Ed Lee that his initial preference, which would prioritize Western Addition residents, violated the Fair Housing Act. So city officials proved that the areas surrounding the housing project, which have a large Latino and black population, are being hit hardest by San Francisco’s rising rent crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Willie B. Kennedy Apartments is the first development in San Francisco to test the city's \"anti-displacement housing preference,\" according to the mayor's office.\u003cbr>\n[contextly_sidebar id=\"pXUzR5fQeAMnjWKuVsMLAR2X4tZEVVi9\"]\u003cbr>\nCalvin Johnson, one of the first residents in the building, is a retired real estate broker who has lived in San Francisco 55 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Thank you all for coming out to see this wonderful complex,” Johnson said at the grand opening. “I enjoy it immensely, and I want to be here for a while.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A HUD spokesman at the opening said the federal agency gave $15 million to the project and vowed to support it for 40 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Board of Supervisors President London Breed grew up in the Western Addition and said she was happy to see that residents of the community were able to find housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People live here who actually knew Ms. Kennedy,” Breed said. “This was a community effort to make sure that when we built this housing and it opened, people in this neighborhood knew people in this building that are from this neighborhood.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>Judge Aaron Persky issued his first public response Friday to demands for his removal from the bench, more than a year after he sentenced Stanford swimmer Brock Turner to six months in jail for sexual assault and generated widespread outrage over what critics said was an overly lenient punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turner served three months in jail for sexually assaulting an unconscious, intoxicated woman behind a dumpster near a fraternity party. He was released in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3883410-Judge-Aaron-Persky-Answer-to-Notice-of-Intent-to.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">response to a recall effort\u003c/a> filed with the Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters, Persky wrote, “California law requires every judge to consider rehabilitation and probation for first-time offenders ... and I took an oath to follow it without regard to public opinion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3883408-Notice-of-Intent-to-Circulate-Recall-Petition.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">attempt to remove Persky\u003c/a>, filed with the registrar on Monday, alleges Persky \"has a long history of awarding lenient sentences to athletes and upper-class defendants for sex crimes and violence against women,\" noting other light sentences for crimes involving violence against women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge wrote that as a former prosecutor, he was an \"advocate for battered women\" and that \"The Associated Press reported that [his] other rulings showed no racial bias and that he closely follows probation department recommendations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents of Persky’s removal signed a statement that said he had shown bias in cases similar to Turner’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Persky kept two different college football players who were convicted of violently attacking women out of jail, letting them keep playing football,” says the notice initiating a recall petition against Persky. And he “gave weekend jail to a high-tech engineer who brutally beat his fiancé.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Turner, Persky is also a former Stanford athlete, the statement points out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Recalls should be for judges who have a pattern of bias or misconduct. Judge Persky has neither,” retired Judge LaDoris Cordell wrote on Persky's behalf, according to the judge's filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before voters could decide whether or not to replace Persky, the recall proponents would have to collect tens of thousands of signatures and navigate a series of deadlines and other requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A vote won't happen until July of next year at the earliest, said Anita Torres with the Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Judge Aaron Persky issued his first public response Friday to demands for his removal from the bench, more than a year after he sentenced Stanford swimmer Brock Turner to six months in jail for sexual assault and generated widespread outrage over what critics said was an overly lenient punishment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turner served three months in jail for sexually assaulting an unconscious, intoxicated woman behind a dumpster near a fraternity party. He was released in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3883410-Judge-Aaron-Persky-Answer-to-Notice-of-Intent-to.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">response to a recall effort\u003c/a> filed with the Santa Clara County Registrar of Voters, Persky wrote, “California law requires every judge to consider rehabilitation and probation for first-time offenders ... and I took an oath to follow it without regard to public opinion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/3883408-Notice-of-Intent-to-Circulate-Recall-Petition.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">attempt to remove Persky\u003c/a>, filed with the registrar on Monday, alleges Persky \"has a long history of awarding lenient sentences to athletes and upper-class defendants for sex crimes and violence against women,\" noting other light sentences for crimes involving violence against women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge wrote that as a former prosecutor, he was an \"advocate for battered women\" and that \"The Associated Press reported that [his] other rulings showed no racial bias and that he closely follows probation department recommendations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
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"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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"title": "Latino USA",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
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"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"source": "WaitWhat"
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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