Waterways of the Largest Estuary on the West Coast
Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats
Porpoises Return to San Francisco Bay
Bay Area Tides
Sponsored
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Her work can be seen, and heard, on a number of networks, Including NPR, PBS, CBS and the BBC.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3eae7a251f0aee43b3c0137a636cb386?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"andreakissack","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"science","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["add_users","create_users","edit_files","edit_users","level_10","level_8","level_9","promote_users","view_cimy_extra_fields","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Andrea Kissack | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3eae7a251f0aee43b3c0137a636cb386?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3eae7a251f0aee43b3c0137a636cb386?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/andrea-kissack"},"laurensommer":{"type":"authors","id":"239","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"239","found":true},"name":"Lauren Sommer","firstName":"Lauren","lastName":"Sommer","slug":"laurensommer","email":"lsommer@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Lauren is a radio reporter formerly covering environment, water, and energy for KQED Science. As part of her day job, she has scaled Sierra Nevada peaks, run from charging elephant seals, and desperately tried to get her sea legs - all in pursuit of good radio. Her work has appeared on Marketplace, Living on Earth, Science Friday and NPR's Morning Edition and All Things Considered. You can find her on Twitter at \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/lesommer\">@lesommer\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor","manage_content_types","manage_taxonomies"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lauren Sommer | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/33aa3772bb86c6ad45b8aca6a238bbdf?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/laurensommer"},"andrew-alden":{"type":"authors","id":"6228","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6228","found":true},"name":"Andrew Alden","firstName":"Andrew","lastName":"Alden","slug":"andrew-alden","email":"alden@andrew-alden.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Andrew Alden earned his geology degree at the University of New Hampshire and moved back to the Bay Area to work at the U.S. Geological Survey for six years. He has \u003ca href=\"http://geology.about.com/\">written on geology for About.com\u003c/a> since its founding in 1997. In 2007, he started the Oakland Geology blog, which won recognition as \"Best of the East Bay\" from the \u003ci>East Bay Express\u003c/i> in 2010. In writing about geology in the Bay Area and surroundings, he hopes to share some of the useful and pleasurable insights that geologists give us—not just facts about the deep past, but an attitude that might be called the \u003ci>deep present\u003c/i>.\r\n\r\nRead his \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/andrew-alden/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Andrew Alden | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/9eaa0afc32f98c5fc7ce634437334a64?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/andrew-alden"},"sharolembry":{"type":"authors","id":"6328","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6328","found":true},"name":"Sharol Nelson-Embry","firstName":"Sharol","lastName":"Nelson-Embry","slug":"sharolembry","email":"bobsharol@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Sharol Nelson-Embry is the Supervising Naturalist at the Crab Cove Visitor Center & Aquarium on San Francisco Bay in Alameda. Crab Cove is part of the East Bay Regional Park District, one of the largest and oldest regional park agencies in the nation. She graduated from Cal Poly, San Luis Obispo with a degree in Natural Resources Management and an epiphany that connecting kids with nature was her destiny. She's been rooted in the Bay Area since 1991 after working at nature centers and outdoor science schools around our fair state. She loves the great variety of habitats stretching from the Bay shoreline to the redwoods, lakes, and hills. Sharol enjoys connecting people to nature with articles in local newspapers and online forums.\r\n\r\nRead her \u003ca href=\"http://science.kqed.org/quest/author/sharolembry/\">previous contributions\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"http://http://science.kqed.org/quest/\">QUEST\u003c/a>, a project dedicated to exploring the Science of Sustainability.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e1d65f00eccde30de75fac778ead552d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["author"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Sharol Nelson-Embry | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e1d65f00eccde30de75fac778ead552d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e1d65f00eccde30de75fac778ead552d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/sharolembry"},"acurry":{"type":"authors","id":"6444","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"6444","found":true},"name":"Arwen Curry","firstName":"Arwen","lastName":"Curry","slug":"acurry","email":"acurry@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Arwen Curry is Associate Producer of TV at KQED Science. She comes to KQED from documentary film, and is director of \u003cem>Worlds of Ursula K. Le Guin\u003c/em>, a feature documentary about the influential science fiction writer. She was Associate Producer of the films \u003cem>Regarding Susan Sontag\u003c/em>, \u003cem>American Jerusalem: Jews and the Making of San Francisco\u003c/em>, \u003cem>EAMES: The Architect & The Painter\u003c/em>, \u003cem>Utopia in Four Movements\u003c/em>, and co-produced and directed \u003cem>Stuffed\u003c/em>, a short film about compulsive hoarding. Arwen was editor of the punk magazine \u003cem>Maximum Rock 'n' Roll\u003c/em>, and has been a contributor to Radio Lab and McSweeney’s. She is a Bay Area native and a graduate of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/59af0722ca76a9bcd9dd6da80e683e18?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"quest","roles":["leadcoordinator","subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Arwen Curry | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/59af0722ca76a9bcd9dd6da80e683e18?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/59af0722ca76a9bcd9dd6da80e683e18?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/acurry"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_17506":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17506","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17506","score":null,"sort":[1446732000000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"mercury-in-san-francisco-bay","title":"Mercury in San Francisco Bay","publishDate":1446732000,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Dr. Jane Hightower’s sick patients weren’t getting better, and she wanted to know why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the California Pacific Medical Center physician’s well-heeled patients were coming into her clinic complaining of fatigue, or trouble thinking – an on-and-off feeling of not being well. Sometimes it was problems with vision, hearing, nausea and vomiting, or a metallic taste in the mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1999, she began keeping a tally of what they ate. Fish, it turned out – a lot of it. Specifically large fish, like shark, tuna, swordfish, cod and ahi tuna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A possible cause began to emerge for their ailments: mercury, a potent neurotoxin that builds up in fish and can cause serious illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a Pacific Heights practice,” said Hightower. “They’re not fishing in Martinez. They’re fishing at Bryans and Whole Foods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another at-risk population in the Bay Area, she said, are lower income folks, who do spend time fishing out on the piers in Martinez, Berkeley, Pinole and other East Bay cities every season not only for recreation, but to supplement the family dinner table. The striped bass, sturgeon and halibut they bring home can be loaded with mercury, which is widespread in the bay but impossible to detect with the naked eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82595\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82595\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-800x451.jpg\" alt=\"Fishermen cast for a catch at the Berkeley Pier.\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-1440x812.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-1180x665.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-960x541.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fishermen cast for a catch at the Berkeley Pier. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Mercury is invisible and prevalent throughout the bay system,” said Sejal Choksi, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://baykeeper.org/\">San Francisco Baykeeper\u003c/a>, an environmental group that works to reduce pollution in the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once known as “mad hatter disease” after the afflicted Victorian hatmakers who used mercury to produce the felt in their wares, the creeping symptoms of mercury include tremors, problems with vision, hearing, nausea and vomiting, as well as stranger effects like pathological shyness and irritability. The toxin can cause permanent damage to the central nervous system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone with an immune-compromised system is at greater risk for deleterious effects of mercury, which is also neurotoxic to developing brains, making it especially dangerous for pregnant and nursing women, babies, and small children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercury is found primarily around the bay in a red rock known as cinnabar. When it settles in waterways, bacteria transform it into a highly toxic form known as methyl mercury, which is easily absorbed by marine plants and the tiny aquatic organisms that eat them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82596\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-800x451.jpg\" alt=\"Mercury is found primarily in a red rock known as cinnabar, which was mined extensively in the South Bay.\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-1440x812.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-1180x665.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-960x541.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mercury is found primarily in a red rock known as cinnabar, which was mined extensively in the South Bay. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In wildlife, mercury in high concentrations can cause developmental problems, just as it does in humans,” said Choksi. “If you’ve got mercury impairing wildlife and their immune systems, then they’re more susceptible to infectious diseases; they can have cancerous growths. It’s pretty much the same as in the human population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t take much to constitute a problem. Mercury pollution is measured in parts per billion – the amount contained in a drop of water in a backyard swimming pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the amount you might find in an old thermometer is enough to cause significant contamination,” said Bruce Wolfe, executive officer with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterboards_map.shtml\">San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board\u003c/a>, the state agency that oversees water pollution in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So where does all this mercury come from? Mercury enters the bay watershed from a number of sources, including stormwater and wastewater runoff from local oil refineries and cement kilns. Significant quantities also drift through the air from coal-burning power plants in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the biggest culprit can be found \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/18/mercury-in-the-bay-part-1/\">at very root of California’s history and prosperity\u003c/a>. In the 19\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century, Gold Rush miners also mined mercury in copious amounts in the cinnabar-rich hills just south of San Jose. To extract mercury, crushed ore was heated in furnaces and transformed into a vapor. As the gas cooled and condensed, it turned into a liquid form known as quicksilver, which is naturally attracted to gold. Sierra miners used it to separate gold from crushed rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82597\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82597\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Sierra miners used quicksilver to separate gold from crushed rock. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sierra miners used quicksilver to separate gold from crushed rock. \u003ccite>(Painting by Charles Christian Nahl and August Wenderoth, 1851/1852. Photograph by Ad Meskens.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By the early 1900s, miners had switched to cyanide to extract gold, but mercury still had many uses – in industry, medicine, dentistry (it was used for fillings) and common household products. Even though the mines in the Almaden Hills near San Jose closed decades ago, all that mining left behind a legacy -- rocky deposits from the old furnaces are still leaching mercury into the surrounding creeks and rivers, which eventually drain into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82598\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82598\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Mercury, or quicksilver, was mined extensively during the Gold Rush in mines like this one in New Almaden. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-1440x809.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mercury, or quicksilver, was mined extensively during the Gold Rush in mines like this one in New Almaden. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Roughly 2,000 pounds of mercury enter the bay each year from all these different sources. The bay is slowly cleaning itself, washing an estimated 3,100 pounds a year out to sea. But at the present rate, it will take generations for the bay to flush out so much mercury that fish are no longer contaminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To speed up the process, in 2008 the regional water board launched an ambitious, multi-billion dollar cleanup plan called a Total Daily Maximum Load. \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/rwqcb2/water_issues/programs/TMDLs/sfbaymercury/sfbaymercurytmdl_info_sheet.pdf\">The multifaceted plan\u003c/a> aimed to reduce both the mercury entering the bay and the amount of the toxin that converts to its poisonous methylmercury form. The plan also provided for advanced monitoring to better understand how mercury makes its way through the watershed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven years after the TMDL plan went into effect, progress has been made in reducing urban wastewater runoff. Most of the contaminated South Bay mining waste sites have been, or are being, cleaned up, and efforts are underway to remove toxic sediment within the Guadalupe River and its tributaries and reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82599\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82599\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-800x452.jpg\" alt=\"A sign warns visitors about the danger of mercury contamination in the Guadalupe River watershed. \" width=\"800\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-800x452.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-400x226.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-1440x813.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-1180x666.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-960x542.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign warns visitors about the danger of mercury contamination in the Guadalupe River watershed. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But this accounts for only a small fraction of the total load entering the Bay. The greatest source is the legacy poison on the bay floor, which steadily erodes over time and is nearly impossible to clean up. Seven years after the TMDL went into effect, toxic levels in fish and wildlife remain as high as ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a tentative revision of the TMDL planned for 2018. In the meantime, the Water Board estimates that it will take more than 100 years for the Bay to recover. At a minimum, three generations will be impacted by the potent and long-lasting poison still lingering in the bay mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups say that’s too long to wait for cleaner waters. They want to see enforceable urban stormwater limits for mercury, an accounting of mercury pollution from crude oil refineries, and a full inventory of old mining sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This process gets you a lot of planning and paperwork but not tangible reduction of mercury in the bay,” said Choksi. “We want to see zero mercury in the bay and we want to see it soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Click \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/fish/nor_cal/2011SFbay.html\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for the state’s advisory on eating fish from the San Francisco Bay.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Click \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/24/mercury-poisoning-interview-with-dr-jane-hightower-web-only/\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> to listen to tips from Dr. Jane Hightower about how to avoid mercury in your diet. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Click \u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/fish/nor_cal/pdf/SFBayAdvisory21May2011.pdf\">here\u003c/a> to learn more about mercury contamination in the bay. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"There's a hidden danger that has been lurking in the San Francisco Bay since the days of Gold Rush mining: mercury. In 2008, the regional Water Board launched a multi-billion-dollar plan to clean up this potent neurotoxin, but mercury levels in fish and wildlife remain as high as ever.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1444410507,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1250},"headData":{"title":"Mercury in San Francisco Bay | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Mercury in San Francisco Bay","datePublished":"2015-11-05T14:00:00.000Z","dateModified":"2015-10-09T17:08:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17506 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/mercury-in-san-francisco-bay/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2015/11/05/mercury-in-san-francisco-bay/","disqusTitle":"Mercury in San Francisco Bay","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/cpwQ5OFIZRQ","source":"Environment","path":"/quest/17506/mercury-in-san-francisco-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Dr. Jane Hightower’s sick patients weren’t getting better, and she wanted to know why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the California Pacific Medical Center physician’s well-heeled patients were coming into her clinic complaining of fatigue, or trouble thinking – an on-and-off feeling of not being well. Sometimes it was problems with vision, hearing, nausea and vomiting, or a metallic taste in the mouth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1999, she began keeping a tally of what they ate. Fish, it turned out – a lot of it. Specifically large fish, like shark, tuna, swordfish, cod and ahi tuna.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A possible cause began to emerge for their ailments: mercury, a potent neurotoxin that builds up in fish and can cause serious illness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have a Pacific Heights practice,” said Hightower. “They’re not fishing in Martinez. They’re fishing at Bryans and Whole Foods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But another at-risk population in the Bay Area, she said, are lower income folks, who do spend time fishing out on the piers in Martinez, Berkeley, Pinole and other East Bay cities every season not only for recreation, but to supplement the family dinner table. The striped bass, sturgeon and halibut they bring home can be loaded with mercury, which is widespread in the bay but impossible to detect with the naked eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82595\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82595\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-800x451.jpg\" alt=\"Fishermen cast for a catch at the Berkeley Pier.\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-1440x812.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-1180x665.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/902C_MERCURY_Fishermen-11-960x541.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fishermen cast for a catch at the Berkeley Pier. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Mercury is invisible and prevalent throughout the bay system,” said Sejal Choksi, executive director of \u003ca href=\"https://baykeeper.org/\">San Francisco Baykeeper\u003c/a>, an environmental group that works to reduce pollution in the bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once known as “mad hatter disease” after the afflicted Victorian hatmakers who used mercury to produce the felt in their wares, the creeping symptoms of mercury include tremors, problems with vision, hearing, nausea and vomiting, as well as stranger effects like pathological shyness and irritability. The toxin can cause permanent damage to the central nervous system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anyone with an immune-compromised system is at greater risk for deleterious effects of mercury, which is also neurotoxic to developing brains, making it especially dangerous for pregnant and nursing women, babies, and small children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mercury is found primarily around the bay in a red rock known as cinnabar. When it settles in waterways, bacteria transform it into a highly toxic form known as methyl mercury, which is easily absorbed by marine plants and the tiny aquatic organisms that eat them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82596\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82596\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-800x451.jpg\" alt=\"Mercury is found primarily in a red rock known as cinnabar, which was mined extensively in the South Bay.\" width=\"800\" height=\"451\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-800x451.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-1440x812.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-1180x665.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-7-960x541.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mercury is found primarily in a red rock known as cinnabar, which was mined extensively in the South Bay. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In wildlife, mercury in high concentrations can cause developmental problems, just as it does in humans,” said Choksi. “If you’ve got mercury impairing wildlife and their immune systems, then they’re more susceptible to infectious diseases; they can have cancerous growths. It’s pretty much the same as in the human population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn’t take much to constitute a problem. Mercury pollution is measured in parts per billion – the amount contained in a drop of water in a backyard swimming pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So the amount you might find in an old thermometer is enough to cause significant contamination,” said Bruce Wolfe, executive officer with the \u003ca href=\"http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/waterboards_map.shtml\">San Francisco Bay Regional Water Quality Control Board\u003c/a>, the state agency that oversees water pollution in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So where does all this mercury come from? Mercury enters the bay watershed from a number of sources, including stormwater and wastewater runoff from local oil refineries and cement kilns. Significant quantities also drift through the air from coal-burning power plants in China.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the biggest culprit can be found \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/18/mercury-in-the-bay-part-1/\">at very root of California’s history and prosperity\u003c/a>. In the 19\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> century, Gold Rush miners also mined mercury in copious amounts in the cinnabar-rich hills just south of San Jose. To extract mercury, crushed ore was heated in furnaces and transformed into a vapor. As the gas cooled and condensed, it turned into a liquid form known as quicksilver, which is naturally attracted to gold. Sierra miners used it to separate gold from crushed rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82597\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82597\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Sierra miners used quicksilver to separate gold from crushed rock. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/Miners_in_the_Sierras-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sierra miners used quicksilver to separate gold from crushed rock. \u003ccite>(Painting by Charles Christian Nahl and August Wenderoth, 1851/1852. Photograph by Ad Meskens.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By the early 1900s, miners had switched to cyanide to extract gold, but mercury still had many uses – in industry, medicine, dentistry (it was used for fillings) and common household products. Even though the mines in the Almaden Hills near San Jose closed decades ago, all that mining left behind a legacy -- rocky deposits from the old furnaces are still leaching mercury into the surrounding creeks and rivers, which eventually drain into San Francisco Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82598\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82598\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Mercury, or quicksilver, was mined extensively during the Gold Rush in mines like this one in New Almaden. \" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-800x450.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-400x225.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-1440x809.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-1180x663.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/319B_Mercury-8.3.09-24-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mercury, or quicksilver, was mined extensively during the Gold Rush in mines like this one in New Almaden. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Roughly 2,000 pounds of mercury enter the bay each year from all these different sources. The bay is slowly cleaning itself, washing an estimated 3,100 pounds a year out to sea. But at the present rate, it will take generations for the bay to flush out so much mercury that fish are no longer contaminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To speed up the process, in 2008 the regional water board launched an ambitious, multi-billion dollar cleanup plan called a Total Daily Maximum Load. \u003ca href=\"http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/rwqcb2/water_issues/programs/TMDLs/sfbaymercury/sfbaymercurytmdl_info_sheet.pdf\">The multifaceted plan\u003c/a> aimed to reduce both the mercury entering the bay and the amount of the toxin that converts to its poisonous methylmercury form. The plan also provided for advanced monitoring to better understand how mercury makes its way through the watershed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seven years after the TMDL plan went into effect, progress has been made in reducing urban wastewater runoff. Most of the contaminated South Bay mining waste sites have been, or are being, cleaned up, and efforts are underway to remove toxic sediment within the Guadalupe River and its tributaries and reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_82599\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-82599\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-800x452.jpg\" alt=\"A sign warns visitors about the danger of mercury contamination in the Guadalupe River watershed. \" width=\"800\" height=\"452\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-800x452.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-400x226.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-1440x813.jpg 1440w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-1180x666.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2015/11/mercury-slide-show-Radio-Still-Image-Originals_Drury-11-960x542.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign warns visitors about the danger of mercury contamination in the Guadalupe River watershed. \u003ccite>(Photo by KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But this accounts for only a small fraction of the total load entering the Bay. The greatest source is the legacy poison on the bay floor, which steadily erodes over time and is nearly impossible to clean up. Seven years after the TMDL went into effect, toxic levels in fish and wildlife remain as high as ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There is a tentative revision of the TMDL planned for 2018. In the meantime, the Water Board estimates that it will take more than 100 years for the Bay to recover. At a minimum, three generations will be impacted by the potent and long-lasting poison still lingering in the bay mud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups say that’s too long to wait for cleaner waters. They want to see enforceable urban stormwater limits for mercury, an accounting of mercury pollution from crude oil refineries, and a full inventory of old mining sites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This process gets you a lot of planning and paperwork but not tangible reduction of mercury in the bay,” said Choksi. “We want to see zero mercury in the bay and we want to see it soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Click \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://oehha.ca.gov/fish/nor_cal/2011SFbay.html\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for the state’s advisory on eating fish from the San Francisco Bay.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Click \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/04/24/mercury-poisoning-interview-with-dr-jane-hightower-web-only/\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> to listen to tips from Dr. Jane Hightower about how to avoid mercury in your diet. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Click \u003ca href=\"http://www.oehha.ca.gov/fish/nor_cal/pdf/SFBayAdvisory21May2011.pdf\">here\u003c/a> to learn more about mercury contamination in the bay. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17506/mercury-in-san-francisco-bay","authors":["6444"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9","quest_3229","quest_12","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_1103","quest_1233","quest_1791","quest_1834","quest_9890","quest_2257","quest_13393","quest_2487","quest_2893","quest_3071"],"collections":["quest_3359"],"featImg":"quest_81704","label":"source_quest_17506"},"quest_50978":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_50978","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"50978","score":null,"sort":[1363359621000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"rescuing-injured-wildlife","title":"Rescuing Injured Wildlife","publishDate":1363359621,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50979\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/colos-in-pool-edited/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-50979\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-50979\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLOs-in-pool-edited.jpg\" alt=\"The common loon rescued at Crown Beach (rear bird) swims in a pool at the International Bird Rescue Center. Her injuries can be seen in the stitches on her head. Image courtesy International Bird Rescue Center.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLOs-in-pool-edited.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLOs-in-pool-edited-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The common loon rescued at Crown Beach (rear bird) swims in a pool at the International Bird Rescue Center. Her injuries can be seen in the stitches on her head. Image courtesy International Bird Rescue Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was sick, alone, and stranded on a beach, her head wrapped in fishing line that had cut down to the bone in some areas. Even without the injuries, she would have had a hard time taking flight from the sand. Loons are built for a water takeoff with feet far back on their bodies. This \u003ca title=\"Common Loon ID, Cornell website\" href=\"http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/common_loon/id\" target=\"_blank\">common loon\u003c/a> (COLO) was lucky, though, that Martha noticed her and went to get help. Martha found James and Trevor, East Bay Regional Parks naturalist staff at\u003ca title=\"Crab Cove at Crown Beach, EBRPD\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\"> Crown Beach\u003c/a>, and they came to COLO’s rescue. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50980\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 382px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/colo-hook-lat/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-50980\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-50980\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLO-hook-LAT-382x253.jpg\" alt=\"The hook can be seen in this x-ray in the middle-left part of the picture.\" width=\"382\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hook can be seen in this x-ray in the middle-left part of the picture. Image courtesy of International Bird Rescue Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Throwing a jacket over her head to protect themselves and help calm her down, they were able to pick her up and prepare her for transport to the \u003ca title=\"Lindsey Wildlife Museum\" href=\"http://wildlife-museum.org/hospital/about\" target=\"_blank\">Lindsey Wildlife Museum and Hospital\u003c/a> in Walnut Creek. She ended up at the \u003ca title=\"International Bird Rescue Center\" href=\"http://www.bird-rescue.org/\" target=\"_blank\">International Bird Rescue Center\u003c/a> in Cordelia, CA as they specialize in caring for waterbirds. The staff vets removed the monofilament and stitched up her wounds. X-rays revealed that COLO had swallowed a hook. Surgery would be required to remove that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common loons are \u003ca title=\"loon migration, USGS\" href=\"http://www.umesc.usgs.gov/terrestrial/migratory_birds/loons/questions.html\" target=\"_blank\">migratory\u003c/a>, spectacular, large grayish birds who winter along the East and West coasts, including San Francisco Bay, and nest in the far northern US, Canada, Alaska, and the Arctic. (Some of you may remember Henry Ford and Katherine Hepburn’s movie, “On Golden Pond,” which made the yodeling call of the loon and lifelong love forever entwined in my mind. But I digress.) Loons can dive deeply and chase their small fish prey to depths of up to 200 feet using their large feet to propel them underwater. Usually though they fish in shallow, nearshore waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50982\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 189px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/2013-02-22-13-37-35/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-50982\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-50982\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/2013-02-22-13.37.35-189x253.jpg\" alt=\"Trevor helped rescue the injured common loon from the beach.\" width=\"189\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trevor helped rescue the injured common loon from the beach.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Discarded fishing line, tackle and hooks pose threats to loons and other wildlife. One initiative to help educate fishermen about the importance of cleaning up after themselves is underway in many fishing spots along our shores. \u003ca title=\"Marine Debris website\" href=\"http://www.coastal.ca.gov/ccbn/trashdebris.html\" target=\"_blank\">Monofilament collection bins \u003c/a>have been installed in many areas and information is being distributed about where they can send their line to have it recycled. You can help wildlife by donating time or resources to the facilities and volunteers who do the important work in the day-to-day care for our injured wildlife. \u003ca title=\"Wildcare Bay Area\" href=\"http://www.wildcarebayarea.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AnimalAid\" target=\"_blank\">Wildcare\u003c/a> is another important wildlife care facility operating in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Wild birds, injured on the beach, get a helping hand from dedicated staff and volunteers. Here's the story of one injured water bird.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1363979866,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":6,"wordCount":456},"headData":{"title":"Rescuing Injured Wildlife | KQED","description":"Wild birds, injured on the beach, get a helping hand from dedicated staff and volunteers. Here's the story of one injured water bird.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Rescuing Injured Wildlife","datePublished":"2013-03-15T15:00:21.000Z","dateModified":"2013-03-22T19:17:46.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"50978 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=50978","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/","disqusTitle":"Rescuing Injured Wildlife","path":"/quest/50978/rescuing-injured-wildlife","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50979\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/colos-in-pool-edited/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-50979\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-50979\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLOs-in-pool-edited.jpg\" alt=\"The common loon rescued at Crown Beach (rear bird) swims in a pool at the International Bird Rescue Center. Her injuries can be seen in the stitches on her head. Image courtesy International Bird Rescue Center.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLOs-in-pool-edited.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLOs-in-pool-edited-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The common loon rescued at Crown Beach (rear bird) swims in a pool at the International Bird Rescue Center. Her injuries can be seen in the stitches on her head. Image courtesy International Bird Rescue Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She was sick, alone, and stranded on a beach, her head wrapped in fishing line that had cut down to the bone in some areas. Even without the injuries, she would have had a hard time taking flight from the sand. Loons are built for a water takeoff with feet far back on their bodies. This \u003ca title=\"Common Loon ID, Cornell website\" href=\"http://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/common_loon/id\" target=\"_blank\">common loon\u003c/a> (COLO) was lucky, though, that Martha noticed her and went to get help. Martha found James and Trevor, East Bay Regional Parks naturalist staff at\u003ca title=\"Crab Cove at Crown Beach, EBRPD\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\"> Crown Beach\u003c/a>, and they came to COLO’s rescue. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50980\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 382px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/colo-hook-lat/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-50980\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-50980\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/COLO-hook-LAT-382x253.jpg\" alt=\"The hook can be seen in this x-ray in the middle-left part of the picture.\" width=\"382\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The hook can be seen in this x-ray in the middle-left part of the picture. Image courtesy of International Bird Rescue Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Throwing a jacket over her head to protect themselves and help calm her down, they were able to pick her up and prepare her for transport to the \u003ca title=\"Lindsey Wildlife Museum\" href=\"http://wildlife-museum.org/hospital/about\" target=\"_blank\">Lindsey Wildlife Museum and Hospital\u003c/a> in Walnut Creek. She ended up at the \u003ca title=\"International Bird Rescue Center\" href=\"http://www.bird-rescue.org/\" target=\"_blank\">International Bird Rescue Center\u003c/a> in Cordelia, CA as they specialize in caring for waterbirds. The staff vets removed the monofilament and stitched up her wounds. X-rays revealed that COLO had swallowed a hook. Surgery would be required to remove that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common loons are \u003ca title=\"loon migration, USGS\" href=\"http://www.umesc.usgs.gov/terrestrial/migratory_birds/loons/questions.html\" target=\"_blank\">migratory\u003c/a>, spectacular, large grayish birds who winter along the East and West coasts, including San Francisco Bay, and nest in the far northern US, Canada, Alaska, and the Arctic. (Some of you may remember Henry Ford and Katherine Hepburn’s movie, “On Golden Pond,” which made the yodeling call of the loon and lifelong love forever entwined in my mind. But I digress.) Loons can dive deeply and chase their small fish prey to depths of up to 200 feet using their large feet to propel them underwater. Usually though they fish in shallow, nearshore waters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_50982\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 189px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2013/03/15/rescuing-injured-wildlife/2013-02-22-13-37-35/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-50982\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-50982\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2013/03/2013-02-22-13.37.35-189x253.jpg\" alt=\"Trevor helped rescue the injured common loon from the beach.\" width=\"189\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trevor helped rescue the injured common loon from the beach.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Discarded fishing line, tackle and hooks pose threats to loons and other wildlife. One initiative to help educate fishermen about the importance of cleaning up after themselves is underway in many fishing spots along our shores. \u003ca title=\"Marine Debris website\" href=\"http://www.coastal.ca.gov/ccbn/trashdebris.html\" target=\"_blank\">Monofilament collection bins \u003c/a>have been installed in many areas and information is being distributed about where they can send their line to have it recycled. You can help wildlife by donating time or resources to the facilities and volunteers who do the important work in the day-to-day care for our injured wildlife. \u003ca title=\"Wildcare Bay Area\" href=\"http://www.wildcarebayarea.org/site/PageServer?pagename=AnimalAid\" target=\"_blank\">Wildcare\u003c/a> is another important wildlife care facility operating in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/50978/rescuing-injured-wildlife","authors":["6328"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_11709","quest_3310","quest_912","quest_3307","quest_13202","quest_2487","quest_10699"],"featImg":"quest_50979","label":"quest"},"quest_47359":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_47359","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"47359","score":null,"sort":[1353686409000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-thanksgiving-ode-to-dungeness-crab-and-the-bay","title":"A Thanksgiving Ode to Dungeness Crab and the Bay","publishDate":1353686409,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47360\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"crab boat, HMB\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-47360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buying Dungeness Crabs at Pillar Point Pier. Photo by John Matejczyk.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Bay plays an important role in the lifecycle of the delicious \u003ca title=\"Dungeness Crab ID, Dept. of Fish and Game\" href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/marine/dungeness_crab.asp\">Dungeness crabs\u003c/a> that abound this time of year! Found from Baja north to Alaska, they’ve been commercially harvested since the mid-1800s around the bay. When we buy crabs from the boats at Pillar Point near Half Moon Bay, I think about the journey these crabs have made up to this point. Many have likely spent the early portion of their lives in our bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, offshore in the Pacific Ocean, females shed their old shells with a new, soft shell already formed under the old one. This is the only time crabs can grow. The males can only mate with females who are in the “soft shell” state. After mating, the female carries her egg mass of around 1.5 million eggs pressed against her abdomen under her tail flap until the young hatch in December or January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once hatched, the microscopic larvae are on their own, taken where the currents carry them. The young go through a series of seven changes that includes molting and growing. Many are eaten in these early stages, siphoned in by any plankton-eating animals in the ocean. Crab larvae can reportedly travel, unharmed, in the bells and tentacles of jellyfish –- something Pixar could use in their next animated ocean movie. Young crabs that survive settle to the bottom of the ocean. Some then migrate through the Golden Gate to spend the next year in the protected habitats of the bay. Studies have shown that crabs that grow in the bay are larger than same-aged crabs in the Pacific due to the bay's warmer water and abundance of food. They're found mostly in the Central Bay and San Pablo Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47361\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 379px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/23/a-thanksgiving-ode-to-dungeness-crab-and-the-bay/crab-atlantic-green/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47361\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47361\" title=\"Crab, Atlantic Green\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Crab-Atlantic-Green-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"379\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Invasive Atlantic Green Shorecrabs eat Dungeness of same size or smaller. Photo by Victoria Baird.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After about a year, spent scurrying around oyster beds, eel grass, mud flats and the rare sandy beach, the young crabs are ready to migrate back out to the cold, deep waters outside the Golden Gate. The importance of their time in the bay influences the success of their local population. They’ve had years when the population dropped too low to allow many to be caught. In the 1970s, studies by the Department of Fish and Game were done to determine what caused their extreme low numbers, which began in the ‘60s. Pollution was thought to be a problem. Today non-native predators like the invasive \u003ca title=\"Atlantic Green Shore Crab, ID\" href=\"http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatics/greencrab.shtml#.UKxsTIXyvPE\">Atlantic Green Shore Crab\u003c/a>, unintentionally introduced to the bay in 1989, may be contributing to lower numbers of the native crustaceans. Atlantic Greens can predate on Dungeness that are the same size as themselves or smaller. Keeping the bay clean and controlling unintended introductions of species are both important steps to ensuring we have a healthy crab fishery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stop by the \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD website\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a> to see local intertidal and bay life on display. You can watch our aquarium feeding program every weekend from 3-3:30pm and enjoy the great diversity of life found in our bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Discover the connection between delicious Dungeness crabs and the San Francisco Bay.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1356732262,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":553},"headData":{"title":"A Thanksgiving Ode to Dungeness Crab and the Bay | KQED","description":"Discover the connection between delicious Dungeness crabs and the San Francisco Bay.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A Thanksgiving Ode to Dungeness Crab and the Bay","datePublished":"2012-11-23T16:00:09.000Z","dateModified":"2012-12-28T22:04:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"47359 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=47359","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/23/a-thanksgiving-ode-to-dungeness-crab-and-the-bay/","disqusTitle":"A Thanksgiving Ode to Dungeness Crab and the Bay","path":"/quest/47359/a-thanksgiving-ode-to-dungeness-crab-and-the-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47360\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"crab boat, HMB\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-47360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/crab-boat-2-e1353531503747-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Buying Dungeness Crabs at Pillar Point Pier. Photo by John Matejczyk.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The San Francisco Bay plays an important role in the lifecycle of the delicious \u003ca title=\"Dungeness Crab ID, Dept. of Fish and Game\" href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/marine/dungeness_crab.asp\">Dungeness crabs\u003c/a> that abound this time of year! Found from Baja north to Alaska, they’ve been commercially harvested since the mid-1800s around the bay. When we buy crabs from the boats at Pillar Point near Half Moon Bay, I think about the journey these crabs have made up to this point. Many have likely spent the early portion of their lives in our bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the spring, offshore in the Pacific Ocean, females shed their old shells with a new, soft shell already formed under the old one. This is the only time crabs can grow. The males can only mate with females who are in the “soft shell” state. After mating, the female carries her egg mass of around 1.5 million eggs pressed against her abdomen under her tail flap until the young hatch in December or January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once hatched, the microscopic larvae are on their own, taken where the currents carry them. The young go through a series of seven changes that includes molting and growing. Many are eaten in these early stages, siphoned in by any plankton-eating animals in the ocean. Crab larvae can reportedly travel, unharmed, in the bells and tentacles of jellyfish –- something Pixar could use in their next animated ocean movie. Young crabs that survive settle to the bottom of the ocean. Some then migrate through the Golden Gate to spend the next year in the protected habitats of the bay. Studies have shown that crabs that grow in the bay are larger than same-aged crabs in the Pacific due to the bay's warmer water and abundance of food. They're found mostly in the Central Bay and San Pablo Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47361\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 379px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/23/a-thanksgiving-ode-to-dungeness-crab-and-the-bay/crab-atlantic-green/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-47361\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-47361\" title=\"Crab, Atlantic Green\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Crab-Atlantic-Green-379x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"379\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Invasive Atlantic Green Shorecrabs eat Dungeness of same size or smaller. Photo by Victoria Baird.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After about a year, spent scurrying around oyster beds, eel grass, mud flats and the rare sandy beach, the young crabs are ready to migrate back out to the cold, deep waters outside the Golden Gate. The importance of their time in the bay influences the success of their local population. They’ve had years when the population dropped too low to allow many to be caught. In the 1970s, studies by the Department of Fish and Game were done to determine what caused their extreme low numbers, which began in the ‘60s. Pollution was thought to be a problem. Today non-native predators like the invasive \u003ca title=\"Atlantic Green Shore Crab, ID\" href=\"http://www.invasivespeciesinfo.gov/aquatics/greencrab.shtml#.UKxsTIXyvPE\">Atlantic Green Shore Crab\u003c/a>, unintentionally introduced to the bay in 1989, may be contributing to lower numbers of the native crustaceans. Atlantic Greens can predate on Dungeness that are the same size as themselves or smaller. Keeping the bay clean and controlling unintended introductions of species are both important steps to ensuring we have a healthy crab fishery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stop by the \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD website\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a> to see local intertidal and bay life on display. You can watch our aquarium feeding program every weekend from 3-3:30pm and enjoy the great diversity of life found in our bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/47359/a-thanksgiving-ode-to-dungeness-crab-and-the-bay","authors":["6328"],"categories":["quest_4"],"tags":["quest_11622","quest_3310","quest_3307","quest_2107","quest_13202","quest_2487"],"featImg":"quest_47360","label":"quest"},"quest_46712":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_46712","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"46712","score":null,"sort":[1351812348000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay","title":"Crowdsourcing San Francisco Bay","publishDate":1351812348,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/01/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay/alma1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-46731\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Alma1.jpg\" alt=\"Alma Shooner\" title=\"Alma Shooner\" width=\"630\" height=\"400\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Alma1.jpg 630w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Alma1-400x254.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Photo: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A historic scaw schooner that once hauled goods around San Francisco Bay is now part of an online crowdsourcing history project about the bay. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford University’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.stanford.edu/group/spatialhistory/cgi-bin/site/index.php\">Center for Spatial and Textual Analysis\u003c/a> is asking people to dig out old photos, letters, maps and other documents about the bay and people who lived and worked on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.yearofthebay.org\">\"Year of the Bay-2013\"\u003c/a> and to help launch it the Alma schooner sailed today from the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park’s pier to Hunters Point, the site of where she was built in 1891.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/01/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay/img_0576-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-46728\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/IMG_05761.jpg\" alt=\"Alma Schooner in Hunters Point\" title=\"Alma Schooner in Hunters Point\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46728\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/IMG_05761.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/IMG_05761-400x223.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Photo: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new SF Bay history project is part of a big year coming up for the Bay which includes the America’s Cup Races, the opening of a new span of the Bay Bridge and the 150th anniversary of the Port of San Francisco. “Year of the Bay” will also be celebrated with an exhibit called “Curating the Bay” at the California Historical Society and an exhibit at the Oakland Museum.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The 1891-built Alma schooner once hauled goods around San Francisco Bay. Now it's part of a new crowdsourcing history project.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1353013047,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":186},"headData":{"title":"Crowdsourcing San Francisco Bay | KQED","description":"The 1891-built Alma schooner once hauled goods around San Francisco Bay. Now it's part of a new crowdsourcing history project.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Crowdsourcing San Francisco Bay","datePublished":"2012-11-01T23:25:48.000Z","dateModified":"2012-11-15T20:57:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"46712 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=46712","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/01/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay/","disqusTitle":"Crowdsourcing San Francisco Bay","path":"/quest/46712/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/01/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay/alma1/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-46731\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Alma1.jpg\" alt=\"Alma Shooner\" title=\"Alma Shooner\" width=\"630\" height=\"400\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46731\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Alma1.jpg 630w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/Alma1-400x254.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 630px) 100vw, 630px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Photo: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A historic scaw schooner that once hauled goods around San Francisco Bay is now part of an online crowdsourcing history project about the bay. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stanford University’s \u003ca href=\"http://www.stanford.edu/group/spatialhistory/cgi-bin/site/index.php\">Center for Spatial and Textual Analysis\u003c/a> is asking people to dig out old photos, letters, maps and other documents about the bay and people who lived and worked on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s all part of \u003ca href=\"http://www.yearofthebay.org\">\"Year of the Bay-2013\"\u003c/a> and to help launch it the Alma schooner sailed today from the San Francisco Maritime National Historical Park’s pier to Hunters Point, the site of where she was built in 1891.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/11/01/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay/img_0576-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-46728\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/IMG_05761.jpg\" alt=\"Alma Schooner in Hunters Point\" title=\"Alma Schooner in Hunters Point\" width=\"640\" height=\"356\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-46728\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/IMG_05761.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/11/IMG_05761-400x223.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>Photo: Joshua Cassidy\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new SF Bay history project is part of a big year coming up for the Bay which includes the America’s Cup Races, the opening of a new span of the Bay Bridge and the 150th anniversary of the Port of San Francisco. “Year of the Bay” will also be celebrated with an exhibit called “Curating the Bay” at the California Historical Society and an exhibit at the Oakland Museum.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/46712/crowdsourcing-san-francisco-bay","authors":["212"],"categories":["quest_9"],"tags":["quest_11584","quest_11518","quest_2487","quest_11585"],"featImg":"quest_46730","label":"quest"},"quest_45614":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_45614","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"45614","score":null,"sort":[1349452049000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"slideshow-an-early-fall-flight-around-the-bay","title":"Slideshow: An Early Fall Flight Around the Bay ","publishDate":1349452049,"format":"aside","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>Last week I went on an aerial tour of the San Francisco Bay. David Lewis, the executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>, narrated. Bill Rush, a volunteer pilot with \u003ca href=\"http://www.lighthawk.org/\">LightHawk\u003c/a>, flew the plane. We saw tidal marsh and salt ponds; the cities, highways and industry that ring the Bay; and a good amount of fog. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was my first time in such a small plane, and I was surprised at how different it was from approaching SFO in a 747.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I kind of felt like I was playing hooky, even though it was for work. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://kqed03.streamguys.us/anon.kqed/slideshow/The_Bay_From_the_Air_slideshow/_files/iframe.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want more details on the places in the photos? Here are a few notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cargill's Development Plans\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nKQED Science reporter Lauren Sommer did a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/rough-waters-for-sea-level-rise-planning/\">story\u003c/a> about the proposed Saltworks project last year. Right now the project is on hold, while the developer \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcsaltworks.com/\">DMB Associates\u003c/a> revises its plans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ravenswood Salt Pond\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCargill sold it to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/desfbay/\">Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a>. It's now part of the biggest wetland restoration effort on the West Coast. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oracle and SFO\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIf you want to see how sea level rise will affect low-lying shoreline areas, try \u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central's interactive map\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fog\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWatch a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/science-on-the-spot-science-of-fog/\">video from Quest\u003c/a> about the science of fog. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Rock Quarry\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nHere it is \u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=213807471835276999612.0004cb42a116d93f06caf&msa=0&ll=37.993051,-122.475929&spn=0.103492,0.154324\">on a map\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Highway 37\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAn \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/novato/ci_21437499/is-highway-37-destined-become-new-waterway\">article in the Marin I-J\u003c/a> from last month, which includes the notable quote, \"how not to have everyone commuting by gondola,\" says that though Caltrans is aware of the threat from sea level rise, there's currently no money to do anything about it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Napa-Sonoma Marsh\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCargill had salt ponds in the North bay, too. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/lands/wa/region3/nsmwa/goals.html\">Napa-Sonoma Marsh\u003c/a> now belongs to the California Department of Fish and game. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Refinery\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCurious about where all the oil refineries are in the Bay Area and California? The \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/maps/powerplants/refinery_locations.html\">California Energy Commission has a map\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Salt Ponds\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCargill does still \u003ca href=\"http://www.cargill.com/corporate-responsibility/environmental-sustainability/san-francisco-bay-salt/environmental-renaissance/salt-pioneer-industry/index.jsp\">harvest salt\u003c/a> here. If you want to explore former salt ponds in the Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/science-hike/don-edwards-sf-bay-national-wildlife-refuge-exploration/\">here's a guide\u003c/a>. (Plus, there's great birding there -- and we're just getting to the season for it.)\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Take a low-flying trip around the Bay (in photos).","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1390006016,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["http://kqed03.streamguys.us/anon.kqed/slideshow/The_Bay_From_the_Air_slideshow/_files/iframe.html"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":357},"headData":{"title":"Slideshow: An Early Fall Flight Around the Bay | KQED","description":"Take a low-flying trip around the Bay (in photos).","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Slideshow: An Early Fall Flight Around the Bay ","datePublished":"2012-10-05T15:47:29.000Z","dateModified":"2014-01-18T00:46:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"45614 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=slideshows&p=45614","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/10/05/slideshow-an-early-fall-flight-around-the-bay/","disqusTitle":"Slideshow: An Early Fall Flight Around the Bay ","path":"/quest/45614/slideshow-an-early-fall-flight-around-the-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Last week I went on an aerial tour of the San Francisco Bay. David Lewis, the executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.savesfbay.org/\">Save the Bay\u003c/a>, narrated. Bill Rush, a volunteer pilot with \u003ca href=\"http://www.lighthawk.org/\">LightHawk\u003c/a>, flew the plane. We saw tidal marsh and salt ponds; the cities, highways and industry that ring the Bay; and a good amount of fog. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was my first time in such a small plane, and I was surprised at how different it was from approaching SFO in a 747.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I kind of felt like I was playing hooky, even though it was for work. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://kqed03.streamguys.us/anon.kqed/slideshow/The_Bay_From_the_Air_slideshow/_files/iframe.html\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Want more details on the places in the photos? Here are a few notes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Cargill's Development Plans\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nKQED Science reporter Lauren Sommer did a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/rough-waters-for-sea-level-rise-planning/\">story\u003c/a> about the proposed Saltworks project last year. Right now the project is on hold, while the developer \u003ca href=\"http://www.rcsaltworks.com/\">DMB Associates\u003c/a> revises its plans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ravenswood Salt Pond\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCargill sold it to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.fws.gov/desfbay/\">Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge\u003c/a>. It's now part of the biggest wetland restoration effort on the West Coast. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oracle and SFO\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nIf you want to see how sea level rise will affect low-lying shoreline areas, try \u003ca href=\"http://sealevel.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central's interactive map\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fog\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWatch a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/science-on-the-spot-science-of-fog/\">video from Quest\u003c/a> about the science of fog. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Rock Quarry\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nHere it is \u003ca href=\"https://maps.google.com/maps/ms?msid=213807471835276999612.0004cb42a116d93f06caf&msa=0&ll=37.993051,-122.475929&spn=0.103492,0.154324\">on a map\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Highway 37\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nAn \u003ca href=\"http://www.marinij.com/novato/ci_21437499/is-highway-37-destined-become-new-waterway\">article in the Marin I-J\u003c/a> from last month, which includes the notable quote, \"how not to have everyone commuting by gondola,\" says that though Caltrans is aware of the threat from sea level rise, there's currently no money to do anything about it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Napa-Sonoma Marsh\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCargill had salt ponds in the North bay, too. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.dfg.ca.gov/lands/wa/region3/nsmwa/goals.html\">Napa-Sonoma Marsh\u003c/a> now belongs to the California Department of Fish and game. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Refinery\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCurious about where all the oil refineries are in the Bay Area and California? The \u003ca href=\"http://www.energy.ca.gov/maps/powerplants/refinery_locations.html\">California Energy Commission has a map\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Salt Ponds\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nCargill does still \u003ca href=\"http://www.cargill.com/corporate-responsibility/environmental-sustainability/san-francisco-bay-salt/environmental-renaissance/salt-pioneer-industry/index.jsp\">harvest salt\u003c/a> here. If you want to explore former salt ponds in the Don Edwards National Wildlife Refuge, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/science-hike/don-edwards-sf-bay-national-wildlife-refuge-exploration/\">here's a guide\u003c/a>. (Plus, there's great birding there -- and we're just getting to the season for it.)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/45614/slideshow-an-early-fall-flight-around-the-bay","authors":["200"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_6","quest_9"],"tags":["quest_11518","quest_3415","quest_2423","quest_2487","quest_2559","quest_2658"],"featImg":"quest_45666","label":"quest"},"quest_43059":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_43059","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"43059","score":null,"sort":[1346425222000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast","title":"Waterways of the Largest Estuary on the West Coast","publishDate":1346425222,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_43075\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/bayareausgs-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-43075\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-43075 \" title=\"Bay Area USGS\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/BayareaUSGS1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"359\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bay Area from Space photo by United States Geological Surveyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SF_Bay_area_USGS.jpg \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many Bay Area residents and visitors don’t realize the extent of our estuary’s connection outside of the Bay Area. It's the largest estuary on the West Coast of North America fed by ocean tides and tendrils of fresh water stretching east to the Sierras and north nearly to the Oregon border. Envisioning the \u003ca title=\"Bay Conservation and Development Commission website\" href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/bay_estuary.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">watershed of San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> is like constructing nesting dolls out of the landscape. Small watersheds are formed by creeks and drainages surrounding the bay, delivering surface runoff from the land and streets to the estuary. Larger creeks, like Coyote Creek, Alameda Creek, and the Napa River form larger watersheds that incorporate the small creeks. But our estuary also drains a much larger land mass. The delta brings water to the bay from nearly half of our state from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. Take the \u003ca title=\"US EPA website of the SF Bay-Delta\" href=\"http://www.epa.gov/sfbaydelta/\" target=\"_blank\">virtual tour of the bay’s watershed\u003c/a> in this interactive website from the Environmental Protection Agency. You can \"fly\" along the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers to their headwaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_43078\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/dscf1140/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-43078\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-43078\" title=\"Sierra Waterflow\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/DSCF1140-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sierra waterflow\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week I made my annual summer pilgrimage to the granite backbone of our state and a campsite at Lake Tahoe. As I floated down the Truckee River (which doesn’t empty into San Francisco Bay, but impressively drains water that may have been impounded for over 700 years in Lake Tahoe), I pondered the journey of Sierra water through the watershed. You might picture a drop of water falling on the rugged western Sierra slopes and trace its path from the high mountains into a clear, cold creek. The creek flows downhill and joins others, eventually reaching larger streams and rivers. Complex ecosystems are formed along the way. Mayfly and caddisfly larvae in the creeks feed trout. The water permeates the banks creating riparian habitats with willows and alders supporting nesting habitat for migratory songbirds from the tropics to raise their young. The water picks up nutrients from the creekbed as it travels downhill. Along the way, some of the water is dammed to provide the thirsty communities of the Bay Area with drinking water. The Calaveras Dam brings Sierra water from the Mokelumne River to \u003ca title=\"East Bay Municipal Utilties District website\" href=\"http://www.ebmud.com/our-water/water-supply\" target=\"_blank\">East Bay MUD\u003c/a> water recipients while the Hetch Hetchy water is delivered to \u003ca title=\"SF Public Utilties Commission website\" href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=200\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco\u003c/a>. The mighty Sacramento River wends through the valley and past the State Capitol, watering farmlands along the way. Its headwaters are in the Cascade Mountains north of Redding, but many other tributaries, including the American and Yuba rivers add to its flow. Further south, the creeks feed into the San Joaquin River which meets the Sacramento River at the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_43079\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/dscf1185/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-43079\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-43079\" title=\"Floating\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/DSCF1185-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Floating through the watershed\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The health of our mountains and the ecosystems between here and there are vital to the health of our bay. Climate change, pollution and invasive species take a toll throughout the watershed. It’s important that we each do what we can to take care of our land. The land will reward us with a bounty of water to drink, food to eat and places to recreate and restore our weary urban souls. You can celebrate our amazing bay and learn more about it at the \u003ca title=\"Saving the Bay website\" href=\"http://www.savingthebay.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Saving the Bay\u003c/a> website with an award-winning, local film (portions of the video are available as well as lesson plans for teachers on the website). Don't forget \u003ca title=\"CA Coastal Cleanup Day website\" href=\"http://www.coastal.ca.gov/publiced/ccd/ccd2.html\" target=\"_blank\">Coastal Cleanup Day\u003c/a> coming up the third Saturday of September, too, where you can make a difference in your neighborhood or along the bay shoreline picking up trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"San Francisco Bay's watershed extends to the Sierras. Ponder the waterways of the largest estuary in western North America.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366750286,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":5,"wordCount":627},"headData":{"title":"Waterways of the Largest Estuary on the West Coast | KQED","description":"San Francisco Bay's watershed extends to the Sierras. Ponder the waterways of the largest estuary in western North America.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Waterways of the Largest Estuary on the West Coast","datePublished":"2012-08-31T15:00:22.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-23T20:51:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"43059 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=43059","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/","disqusTitle":"Waterways of the Largest Estuary on the West Coast","path":"/quest/43059/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_43075\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/bayareausgs-2/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-43075\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-43075 \" title=\"Bay Area USGS\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/BayareaUSGS1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"359\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bay Area from Space photo by United States Geological Surveyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:SF_Bay_area_USGS.jpg \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Many Bay Area residents and visitors don’t realize the extent of our estuary’s connection outside of the Bay Area. It's the largest estuary on the West Coast of North America fed by ocean tides and tendrils of fresh water stretching east to the Sierras and north nearly to the Oregon border. Envisioning the \u003ca title=\"Bay Conservation and Development Commission website\" href=\"http://www.bcdc.ca.gov/bay_estuary.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">watershed of San Francisco Bay\u003c/a> is like constructing nesting dolls out of the landscape. Small watersheds are formed by creeks and drainages surrounding the bay, delivering surface runoff from the land and streets to the estuary. Larger creeks, like Coyote Creek, Alameda Creek, and the Napa River form larger watersheds that incorporate the small creeks. But our estuary also drains a much larger land mass. The delta brings water to the bay from nearly half of our state from the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. Take the \u003ca title=\"US EPA website of the SF Bay-Delta\" href=\"http://www.epa.gov/sfbaydelta/\" target=\"_blank\">virtual tour of the bay’s watershed\u003c/a> in this interactive website from the Environmental Protection Agency. You can \"fly\" along the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers to their headwaters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_43078\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/dscf1140/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-43078\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-43078\" title=\"Sierra Waterflow\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/DSCF1140-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sierra waterflow\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last week I made my annual summer pilgrimage to the granite backbone of our state and a campsite at Lake Tahoe. As I floated down the Truckee River (which doesn’t empty into San Francisco Bay, but impressively drains water that may have been impounded for over 700 years in Lake Tahoe), I pondered the journey of Sierra water through the watershed. You might picture a drop of water falling on the rugged western Sierra slopes and trace its path from the high mountains into a clear, cold creek. The creek flows downhill and joins others, eventually reaching larger streams and rivers. Complex ecosystems are formed along the way. Mayfly and caddisfly larvae in the creeks feed trout. The water permeates the banks creating riparian habitats with willows and alders supporting nesting habitat for migratory songbirds from the tropics to raise their young. The water picks up nutrients from the creekbed as it travels downhill. Along the way, some of the water is dammed to provide the thirsty communities of the Bay Area with drinking water. The Calaveras Dam brings Sierra water from the Mokelumne River to \u003ca title=\"East Bay Municipal Utilties District website\" href=\"http://www.ebmud.com/our-water/water-supply\" target=\"_blank\">East Bay MUD\u003c/a> water recipients while the Hetch Hetchy water is delivered to \u003ca title=\"SF Public Utilties Commission website\" href=\"http://www.sfwater.org/index.aspx?page=200\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco\u003c/a>. The mighty Sacramento River wends through the valley and past the State Capitol, watering farmlands along the way. Its headwaters are in the Cascade Mountains north of Redding, but many other tributaries, including the American and Yuba rivers add to its flow. Further south, the creeks feed into the San Joaquin River which meets the Sacramento River at the Delta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_43079\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/08/31/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast/dscf1185/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-43079\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-43079\" title=\"Floating\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/08/DSCF1185-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Floating through the watershed\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The health of our mountains and the ecosystems between here and there are vital to the health of our bay. Climate change, pollution and invasive species take a toll throughout the watershed. It’s important that we each do what we can to take care of our land. The land will reward us with a bounty of water to drink, food to eat and places to recreate and restore our weary urban souls. You can celebrate our amazing bay and learn more about it at the \u003ca title=\"Saving the Bay website\" href=\"http://www.savingthebay.org/\" target=\"_blank\">Saving the Bay\u003c/a> website with an award-winning, local film (portions of the video are available as well as lesson plans for teachers on the website). Don't forget \u003ca title=\"CA Coastal Cleanup Day website\" href=\"http://www.coastal.ca.gov/publiced/ccd/ccd2.html\" target=\"_blank\">Coastal Cleanup Day\u003c/a> coming up the third Saturday of September, too, where you can make a difference in your neighborhood or along the bay shoreline picking up trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/43059/waterways-of-the-largest-estuary-on-the-west-coast","authors":["6328"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_11766"],"tags":["quest_3310","quest_3307","quest_13202","quest_2473","quest_2487","quest_33","quest_3121"],"featImg":"quest_43078","label":"quest"},"quest_37221":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_37221","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"37221","score":null,"sort":[1336748449000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats","title":"Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats","publishDate":1336748449,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37226\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37226\" title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Our tour begins with a beautifully landscaped front yard\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine this audacious plan: we return our grid of manicured yards into watershed and wildlife-friendly spaces. From a bird or butterfly’s perspective, it would be a transformation from sterile segmented turf fields to bounteous habitat full of nectar plants, insects, hiding places and nesting spaces. This \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Gardens website\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/bayfriendlyis.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">\"Bay-Friendly\"\u003cbr>\ngardens\u003c/a> initiative is underway around the Bay Area under the sponsorship of \u003ca href=\"http://stopwaste.org/home/index.asp\">Stopwaste.org\u003c/a>. Last weekend some generous, certified “Bay-Friendly” garden owners opened their yards for tours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37228\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats/dscf0856/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37228\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37228\" title=\"Fox squirrel in the garden\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0856-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A red fox squirrel scampers through the garden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We were able to purchase a tour booklet and tickets to gain entry to meander around and view the \u003ca title=\"Seven Principles of Bay-Friendly gardening\" href=\"http://bayfriendlycoalition.org/principles.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">seven principles\u003c/a> of \"Bay-Friendly\" gardening used in very different ways. As their website states, \"It’s an approach to landscaping with room for lots of personal preferences and interpretations.\" The gardens were beautiful, creative, and a great way to bring the natural world into people’s every day lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What struck me was the amount of insect and wildlife activity in the featured gardens. These gardens were busy with insects visiting flowers on the sunny Sunday afternoon. Squirrels scampered through the trees and a variety of birds were flitting about and calling from the shelter of trees and shrubs. Like little wildlife havens, the yards were alive with an abundant diversity of plants and wildlife compared with other nearby yards of traditional turf grass and ornamental plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37227\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37227\" title=\"Garden creekside retreat\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garden creekside retreat featuring water permeable surface and artistic seating area\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardening also calls for the limited use of pesticides. Toxic chemicals, along with trash pollution, pose big problems to our bay and creeks. Diazinon and chlorpyrifos are two commonly used insecticides. According to a report by \u003ca title=\"TDC Environmental report on pesticides\" href=\"http://www.tdcenvironmental.com/Pesticides.html\" target=\"_blank\">TDC Environmental\u003c/a>, the two are “of great concern, because elevated levels of the two pesticides have been linked to findings of toxicity in wastewater treatment plant effluent, storm water runoff, urban creeks (including all San Francisco Bay area urban creeks), estuaries (including San Francisco Bay), and the Sacramento River. Much of this toxicity occurs in urban areas, apparently reflecting urban releases—rather than agricultural releases—of diazinon and chlorpyrifos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37229\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37229\" title=\"Thimbleberry blooming and setting fruit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thimbleberry provides food for native birds and insects\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardens seem to need fewer pest control measures because the owners strive to create healthier soil conditions, choose plants that are best suited to our climate and location in the garden which, in turn, encourages beneficial insects. Ultimately this combination keeps the pest populations in better balance. When control measures are called for, there are resources available to help you choose those least toxic to the environment. \u003ca title=\"Our Water, Our World website\" href=\"http://www.ourwaterourworld.org/Home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Our Water, Our World\u003c/a> website has some great resources including a \u003ca title=\"Downloadable pocket guide to least toxic pest control\" href=\"http://www.cleanwaterprogram.org/resources/resources-pest.html\" target=\"_blank\">downloadable pocket guide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Bay-Friendly\" garden website is a great resource, too, for both home gardeners and landscaping professionals. There’s an interactive page showing some \u003ca title=\"Interactive picture of Bay Friendly Garden practices\" href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/home/index.asp?page=142\" target=\"_blank\">examples of good gardening practices\u003c/a>. There is still one more tour you can attend in \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour Marin County\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/GardenTour.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">Marin County\u003c/a> on May 19 to gather ideas for your own \"Bay-Friendly\" garden. We’ve also been working on creating a \"Bay-Friendly\" landscape around the \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD website\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\" target=\"_blank\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a>. Maybe you’ll see us on the Alameda County garden tour, once we get certified, in the next couple of years!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\">Pesticide pollution prevention\u003c/a> ideas\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"Sunset Magazine less lawn landscaping\" href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\" target=\"_blank\">Sunset Magazine\u003c/a> landscaping ideas with less lawn\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A \"Bay-Friendly\" gardens initiative is underway around the Bay Area under the sponsorship of Stopwaste.org. Last weekend some generous, certified “Bay-Friendly” garden owners opened their yards for tours.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1336588146,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":587},"headData":{"title":"Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats | KQED","description":"A "Bay-Friendly" gardens initiative is underway around the Bay Area under the sponsorship of Stopwaste.org. Last weekend some generous, certified “Bay-Friendly” garden owners opened their yards for tours.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats","datePublished":"2012-05-11T15:00:49.000Z","dateModified":"2012-05-09T18:29:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"37221 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=37221","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats/","disqusTitle":"Bay-Friendly Gardening: Welcoming Wildlife and Nature Into Human Habitats","path":"/quest/37221/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37226\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-37226\" title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0857-e1336436422187-400x300.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Our tour begins with a beautifully landscaped front yard\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imagine this audacious plan: we return our grid of manicured yards into watershed and wildlife-friendly spaces. From a bird or butterfly’s perspective, it would be a transformation from sterile segmented turf fields to bounteous habitat full of nectar plants, insects, hiding places and nesting spaces. This \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Gardens website\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/bayfriendlyis.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">\"Bay-Friendly\"\u003cbr>\ngardens\u003c/a> initiative is underway around the Bay Area under the sponsorship of \u003ca href=\"http://stopwaste.org/home/index.asp\">Stopwaste.org\u003c/a>. Last weekend some generous, certified “Bay-Friendly” garden owners opened their yards for tours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37228\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 337px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2012/05/11/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats/dscf0856/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-37228\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-37228\" title=\"Fox squirrel in the garden\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0856-337x253.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"337\" height=\"253\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A red fox squirrel scampers through the garden\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>We were able to purchase a tour booklet and tickets to gain entry to meander around and view the \u003ca title=\"Seven Principles of Bay-Friendly gardening\" href=\"http://bayfriendlycoalition.org/principles.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">seven principles\u003c/a> of \"Bay-Friendly\" gardening used in very different ways. As their website states, \"It’s an approach to landscaping with room for lots of personal preferences and interpretations.\" The gardens were beautiful, creative, and a great way to bring the natural world into people’s every day lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What struck me was the amount of insect and wildlife activity in the featured gardens. These gardens were busy with insects visiting flowers on the sunny Sunday afternoon. Squirrels scampered through the trees and a variety of birds were flitting about and calling from the shelter of trees and shrubs. Like little wildlife havens, the yards were alive with an abundant diversity of plants and wildlife compared with other nearby yards of traditional turf grass and ornamental plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37227\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37227\" title=\"Garden creekside retreat\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0871-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Garden creekside retreat featuring water permeable surface and artistic seating area\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardening also calls for the limited use of pesticides. Toxic chemicals, along with trash pollution, pose big problems to our bay and creeks. Diazinon and chlorpyrifos are two commonly used insecticides. According to a report by \u003ca title=\"TDC Environmental report on pesticides\" href=\"http://www.tdcenvironmental.com/Pesticides.html\" target=\"_blank\">TDC Environmental\u003c/a>, the two are “of great concern, because elevated levels of the two pesticides have been linked to findings of toxicity in wastewater treatment plant effluent, storm water runoff, urban creeks (including all San Francisco Bay area urban creeks), estuaries (including San Francisco Bay), and the Sacramento River. Much of this toxicity occurs in urban areas, apparently reflecting urban releases—rather than agricultural releases—of diazinon and chlorpyrifos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_37229\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 225px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-37229\" title=\"Thimbleberry blooming and setting fruit\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2012/05/DSCF0882-225x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"225\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thimbleberry provides food for native birds and insects\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Bay-Friendly\" gardens seem to need fewer pest control measures because the owners strive to create healthier soil conditions, choose plants that are best suited to our climate and location in the garden which, in turn, encourages beneficial insects. Ultimately this combination keeps the pest populations in better balance. When control measures are called for, there are resources available to help you choose those least toxic to the environment. \u003ca title=\"Our Water, Our World website\" href=\"http://www.ourwaterourworld.org/Home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\">Our Water, Our World\u003c/a> website has some great resources including a \u003ca title=\"Downloadable pocket guide to least toxic pest control\" href=\"http://www.cleanwaterprogram.org/resources/resources-pest.html\" target=\"_blank\">downloadable pocket guide\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \"Bay-Friendly\" garden website is a great resource, too, for both home gardeners and landscaping professionals. There’s an interactive page showing some \u003ca title=\"Interactive picture of Bay Friendly Garden practices\" href=\"http://www.stopwaste.org/home/index.asp?page=142\" target=\"_blank\">examples of good gardening practices\u003c/a>. There is still one more tour you can attend in \u003ca title=\"Bay Friendly Garden Tour Marin County\" href=\"http://www.bayfriendlycoalition.org/GardenTour.shtml\" target=\"_blank\">Marin County\u003c/a> on May 19 to gather ideas for your own \"Bay-Friendly\" garden. We’ve also been working on creating a \"Bay-Friendly\" landscape around the \u003ca title=\"Crab Cove Visitor Center, EBRPD website\" href=\"http://www.ebparks.org/parks/vc/crab_cove\" target=\"_blank\">Crab Cove Visitor Center\u003c/a>. Maybe you’ll see us on the Alameda County garden tour, once we get certified, in the next couple of years!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional Links:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\">Pesticide pollution prevention\u003c/a> ideas\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca title=\"Sunset Magazine less lawn landscaping\" href=\"http://www.sunset.com/garden/landscaping-design/lush-look-less-lawn-00400000045131/\" target=\"_blank\">Sunset Magazine\u003c/a> landscaping ideas with less lawn\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/37221/bay-friendly-gardening-welcoming-wildlife-and-nature-into-human-habitats","authors":["6328"],"categories":["quest_9"],"tags":["quest_11077","quest_915","quest_13198","quest_3307","quest_9945","quest_2167","quest_13202","quest_2487","quest_11078","quest_11079","quest_11085","quest_3121","quest_3155"],"featImg":"quest_37226","label":"quest"},"quest_28060":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_28060","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"28060","score":null,"sort":[1322870409000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"porpoises-return-to-san-francisco-bay","title":"Porpoises Return to San Francisco Bay","publishDate":1322870409,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.acsonline.org/factpack/HarborPorpoise.htm\">Harbor porpoises\u003c/a> haven't been seen in San Francisco Bay for more than 60 years. But now, they're coming back through the Golden Gate in growing numbers and researchers are trying to understand why they’re returning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best place to look for them is 220 feet above the water on the pedestrian walkway across the Golden Gate Bridge. That's where Bill Keener of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/Home_Page.html\">Golden Gate Cetacean Research\u003c/a> photographs them, holding a massive telephoto lens over the side of the railing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a porpoise right there, coming very, very close,\" he says pointing. A dark shape appears in the water. It's a harbor porpoise, coming up for air. \"And here's a mother and calf coming straight at us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The porpoises have dark gray backs and pale bellies. They're about five feet long, smaller than most of their dolphin relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look at that! That one's on its side,\" Keener says. \"The porpoise turned on its side. It's spinning and it's feeding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porpoises spin as they go after schools of herring and anchovies, which means these porpoises are feeding in the middle of a heavily-trafficked shipping lane. \"The porpoises have found a way to not only avoid the ships, but it's also the noise they make,\" says Keener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Studying a Shy Marine Mammal\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing this behavior is huge for Keener. Harbor porpoises are notoriously shy in the open ocean, so they're tough for researchers to study. Here in the bay, Keener and his colleagues have identified 250 individual porpoises with their photos by looking for \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/Harbor_Porpoise.html\">unique scars and color patterns\u003c/a> on the animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28094\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 283px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise-mating-bahvior.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-28094\" title=\"Porpoise-mating-bahvior\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise-mating-bahvior.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"215\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Porpoise mating display as seen from the bridge. (Photo: William Keener/Golden Gate Cetacean Research)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When these researchers first started their work on the bridge, they caused a bit of a stir. \"You noticed there was a Golden Gate Bridge patrol officer here just a few minutes ago,\" says Keener. \"Well, we're staring down at the water for hours. They'd start getting worried about us. But they know us now. They know what we're doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the big question is why harbor porpoises disappeared in the first place. Keener says the bay has historically been porpoise habitat. Their bones have been found from hundreds of years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And then there were reports in the 1930s. And then we don't really have reports from around World War II. And there were a lot of things going on during World War II that could have caused that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Bay became a wartime port and a major ship-building center. The Navy strung a \u003ca href=\"http://www.militarymuseum.org/Tiburon.html\">seven-mile-long net underwater\u003c/a> across the opening of the bay to keep out Japanese submarines. Hundreds of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/goga/historyculture/mines-and-submarines.htm\">mines were planted\u003c/a> in the waters outside the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keener says all that activity certainly would have disturbed the porpoises. But there's a bigger change that may have driven them away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Changing Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Seeing Porpoises\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>The best time to spot harbor porpoises from the Golden Gate Bridge walkway is an hour or two prior to a high tide. Check out a \u003ca href=\"http://cencoos.org/sections/conditions/tides.shtml\">tide table\u003c/a> to time your visit and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/Contact_Us.html\">report your sightings\u003c/a> online.\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>To see it, we head toward the Golden Gate Bridge on a twenty-two foot boat with Jonathan Stern, a whale researcher at San Francisco State University. Stern was the first person to spot the porpoises in the bay three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I just couldn't figure out what they were doing here. It's like when you see somebody you're used to seeing at work and you see them somewhere, in Hawaii or something. What are you doing here? You're out of place,\" says Stern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bay we're gliding over today is a far cry from the bay in the 1950s and 60s. As the Bay Area boomed, so did water pollution. Keener says raw sewage used to flow right into the bay. \"I remember coming across the Bay Bridge when I was very young and it would just smell. It would stink.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Clean Water Act was passed in 1972, the bay's water quality began to improve. But Stern says it took time for the food web to come back. \"It takes the biology a while to track the chemistry. So it's not surprising that it's taken years for this ecosystem to generate like this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern says it's also possible that the porpoises had to rediscover the bay. \"Because over 60 years, we're talking about a number of generations of porpoises. So it's quite likely that San Francisco Bay as a location, as a habitat was out of the institutional memory of the harbor porpoises off the coast here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28091\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise2-web1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-28091\" title=\"Porpoise2-web\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise2-web1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Keener and Jonathan Stern search for porpoises in the bay.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As we slow down under the bridge's span, Keener keeps an eye out. \"There are porpoises between us and the south tower at 200 yards,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keener and Stern have a special permit that allows them to approach the porpoises. We wait, listening for them to surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I just heard one here. Here's a cow-calf pair close to the boat and we'll hear this puff,\" Keener says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hear two loud puffs as the porpoises surface just off the bow. \"The old time sailors used to call them puffing pigs. That's the exhalation,\" says Keener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The harbor porpoises seem calm around boats in the bay, which Stern says will let researchers study their life cycle and social structure, as well as how they might react to big events like the upcoming America's Cup race. Overall, he says it's a good sign that the porpoises are here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's one of those very few good news environmental stories. And it's in our backyard. You know, there was the will to get the bay cleaner and we're now starting to see the effects of that. It gives one hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Harbor porpoises haven’t been seen in San Francisco Bay for more than 60 years. Now, they’re returning in growing numbers and researchers are working to understand why.\r\n\r\n","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1450495655,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1005},"headData":{"title":"Porpoises Return to San Francisco Bay | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Porpoises Return to San Francisco Bay","datePublished":"2011-12-03T00:00:09.000Z","dateModified":"2015-12-19T03:27:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"28060 http://science.kqed.org/quest/audio/porpoises-return-to-san-francisco-bay/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/02/porpoises-return-to-san-francisco-bay/","disqusTitle":"Porpoises Return to San Francisco Bay","source":"Biology","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/biology/","audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/12/2011-12-05-quest.mp3","path":"/quest/28060/porpoises-return-to-san-francisco-bay","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.acsonline.org/factpack/HarborPorpoise.htm\">Harbor porpoises\u003c/a> haven't been seen in San Francisco Bay for more than 60 years. But now, they're coming back through the Golden Gate in growing numbers and researchers are trying to understand why they’re returning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The best place to look for them is 220 feet above the water on the pedestrian walkway across the Golden Gate Bridge. That's where Bill Keener of \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/Home_Page.html\">Golden Gate Cetacean Research\u003c/a> photographs them, holding a massive telephoto lens over the side of the railing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a porpoise right there, coming very, very close,\" he says pointing. A dark shape appears in the water. It's a harbor porpoise, coming up for air. \"And here's a mother and calf coming straight at us.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The porpoises have dark gray backs and pale bellies. They're about five feet long, smaller than most of their dolphin relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Look at that! That one's on its side,\" Keener says. \"The porpoise turned on its side. It's spinning and it's feeding.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porpoises spin as they go after schools of herring and anchovies, which means these porpoises are feeding in the middle of a heavily-trafficked shipping lane. \"The porpoises have found a way to not only avoid the ships, but it's also the noise they make,\" says Keener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Studying a Shy Marine Mammal\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing this behavior is huge for Keener. Harbor porpoises are notoriously shy in the open ocean, so they're tough for researchers to study. Here in the bay, Keener and his colleagues have identified 250 individual porpoises with their photos by looking for \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/Harbor_Porpoise.html\">unique scars and color patterns\u003c/a> on the animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28094\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 283px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise-mating-bahvior.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-28094\" title=\"Porpoise-mating-bahvior\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise-mating-bahvior.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"283\" height=\"215\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Porpoise mating display as seen from the bridge. (Photo: William Keener/Golden Gate Cetacean Research)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When these researchers first started their work on the bridge, they caused a bit of a stir. \"You noticed there was a Golden Gate Bridge patrol officer here just a few minutes ago,\" says Keener. \"Well, we're staring down at the water for hours. They'd start getting worried about us. But they know us now. They know what we're doing.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the big question is why harbor porpoises disappeared in the first place. Keener says the bay has historically been porpoise habitat. Their bones have been found from hundreds of years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"And then there were reports in the 1930s. And then we don't really have reports from around World War II. And there were a lot of things going on during World War II that could have caused that.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco Bay became a wartime port and a major ship-building center. The Navy strung a \u003ca href=\"http://www.militarymuseum.org/Tiburon.html\">seven-mile-long net underwater\u003c/a> across the opening of the bay to keep out Japanese submarines. Hundreds of \u003ca href=\"http://www.nps.gov/goga/historyculture/mines-and-submarines.htm\">mines were planted\u003c/a> in the waters outside the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keener says all that activity certainly would have disturbed the porpoises. But there's a bigger change that may have driven them away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Changing Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\u003cstrong>Seeing Porpoises\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>The best time to spot harbor porpoises from the Golden Gate Bridge walkway is an hour or two prior to a high tide. Check out a \u003ca href=\"http://cencoos.org/sections/conditions/tides.shtml\">tide table\u003c/a> to time your visit and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ggcetacean.org/Contact_Us.html\">report your sightings\u003c/a> online.\u003c/p>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>To see it, we head toward the Golden Gate Bridge on a twenty-two foot boat with Jonathan Stern, a whale researcher at San Francisco State University. Stern was the first person to spot the porpoises in the bay three years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I just couldn't figure out what they were doing here. It's like when you see somebody you're used to seeing at work and you see them somewhere, in Hawaii or something. What are you doing here? You're out of place,\" says Stern.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bay we're gliding over today is a far cry from the bay in the 1950s and 60s. As the Bay Area boomed, so did water pollution. Keener says raw sewage used to flow right into the bay. \"I remember coming across the Bay Bridge when I was very young and it would just smell. It would stink.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Clean Water Act was passed in 1972, the bay's water quality began to improve. But Stern says it took time for the food web to come back. \"It takes the biology a while to track the chemistry. So it's not surprising that it's taken years for this ecosystem to generate like this.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stern says it's also possible that the porpoises had to rediscover the bay. \"Because over 60 years, we're talking about a number of generations of porpoises. So it's quite likely that San Francisco Bay as a location, as a habitat was out of the institutional memory of the harbor porpoises off the coast here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28091\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 320px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise2-web1.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-28091\" title=\"Porpoise2-web\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/Porpoise2-web1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"213\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Keener and Jonathan Stern search for porpoises in the bay.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As we slow down under the bridge's span, Keener keeps an eye out. \"There are porpoises between us and the south tower at 200 yards,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keener and Stern have a special permit that allows them to approach the porpoises. We wait, listening for them to surface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I just heard one here. Here's a cow-calf pair close to the boat and we'll hear this puff,\" Keener says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We hear two loud puffs as the porpoises surface just off the bow. \"The old time sailors used to call them puffing pigs. That's the exhalation,\" says Keener.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The harbor porpoises seem calm around boats in the bay, which Stern says will let researchers study their life cycle and social structure, as well as how they might react to big events like the upcoming America's Cup race. Overall, he says it's a good sign that the porpoises are here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's one of those very few good news environmental stories. And it's in our backyard. You know, there was the will to get the bay cleaner and we're now starting to see the effects of that. It gives one hope.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/28060/porpoises-return-to-san-francisco-bay","authors":["239"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_9","quest_17"],"tags":["quest_252","quest_13178","quest_326","quest_1099","quest_10523","quest_10103","quest_1741","quest_13203","quest_2034","quest_2262","quest_13","quest_2487","quest_3155"],"featImg":"quest_28068","label":"source_quest_28060"},"quest_27996":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_27996","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"27996","score":null,"sort":[1322771083000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-tides","title":"Bay Area Tides","publishDate":1322771083,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_27997\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/01/bay-area-tides/tidestop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-27997\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidestop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"tidestop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27997\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidestop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidestop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Golden Gate transmits a vast volume of water back and forth from the Bay twice each day, regular as clockwork but in a much more complex rhythm. Photo by Andrew Alden.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, most people in the San Francisco Bay Area arrange their daily lives around the clock. But in former times it was the sun, moon and tides that governed the rhythm of our days. Nowadays the sun and moon attract notice only on the rare occasions when they have eclipses. But the tides still matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The twice-daily ebb and flow of the tides is not just a factor for ships navigating the San Francisco Bay shallows, although that is important. The tides are how the Bay breathes. The Bay's windpipe is the Golden Gate, a deep channel that enables seawater to spread nutrients and oxygenation to its lungs\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/science-hike/don-edwards-sf-bay-national-wildlife-refuge-exploration/\">wetlands\u003c/a> as far away as the Central Valley. In turn, sediment from nearly half of California's surface area is exhaled to the Pacific where it piles up in a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/14/sand-waves-and-the-golden-gate/\">great furrowed berm\u003c/a> just off the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tides arise from the interactions of the sun and moon with our planet; they are where the heavens most truly move the Earth. While mariners always had a good sense of the patterns of the tides, it took science to make them predictable. When Isaac Newton first grasped that the motions of heaven and Earth fit the same mathematical laws, in the mid-1600s, he saw that one very practical application would be in precisely describingin modern terms, modelingthe tides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton's tantalizing task is considered fairly well solved today, but it has taken centuries to arrive at this point. (\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tide\">Wikipedia has a good introduction.\u003c/a>) Today Bay Area tides are monitored and forecasted by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration; NOAA's \u003ca href=\"http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/\">Tides and Currents\u003c/a> website will serve you official tide data for many stations (like \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/12/10/producers-notes-science-on-the-spot-watching-the-tides/\">San Francisco's station\u003c/a> at Crissy Field).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even the most exacting mathematics gives us only a partial picture. Weather and climate both matter, too. As weather fronts and storms and winds impinge on the Bay's water, they can change the tides by as much as two feet. Semi-annual climatic cycles like El Niños add their slower influence. And sea-level rise adds its inexorable direction over the scale of a lifetime. For the best view of the day's exact coastal conditions, I look to surfers and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.surf-forecast.com/\">surf-forecast.com\u003c/a> site. The tide is important for beach geologizers, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other big influence on the tides in any given place is bathymetryunderwater topography. Mathematical modelers can treat the different parts of the Bay as giant bathtubs, each sloshing back and forth in its own rhythm and spilling into its neighbors, but that analytical approach has limits. For serious analysis of things like stormwater surges, major shoreline construction and channel dredging, the old-fashioned scale modelthe Army Corps of Engineers' \u003ca href=\"http://www.spn.usace.army.mil/bmvc/index.html\">Bay Model in Sausalito\u003c/a>still matters.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/01/bay-area-tides/tidesmodel/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-27998\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidesmodel.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"tidesmodel\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27998\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidesmodel.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidesmodel-400x240.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a painstakingly calibrated replica, one-thousandth true size or about one and a half acres, whose pumps and sumps produce realistic versions of the Bay's complicated breathing. (Unfortunately it's being renovated as I write this, but the Visitor Center is still open to help you learn about the Bay in other ways.)\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The daily tides are the Bay's way of breathing, from its windpipe at the Golden Gate to its lungs, the wetlands from the Delta to the coast.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1325108358,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":566},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Tides | KQED","description":"The daily tides are the Bay's way of breathing, from its windpipe at the Golden Gate to its lungs, the wetlands from the Delta to the coast.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bay Area Tides","datePublished":"2011-12-01T20:24:43.000Z","dateModified":"2011-12-28T21:39:18.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"27996 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=27996","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/01/bay-area-tides/","disqusTitle":"Bay Area Tides","path":"/quest/27996/bay-area-tides","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_27997\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/01/bay-area-tides/tidestop/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-27997\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidestop.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"tidestop\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27997\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidestop.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidestop-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Golden Gate transmits a vast volume of water back and forth from the Bay twice each day, regular as clockwork but in a much more complex rhythm. Photo by Andrew Alden.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, most people in the San Francisco Bay Area arrange their daily lives around the clock. But in former times it was the sun, moon and tides that governed the rhythm of our days. Nowadays the sun and moon attract notice only on the rare occasions when they have eclipses. But the tides still matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The twice-daily ebb and flow of the tides is not just a factor for ships navigating the San Francisco Bay shallows, although that is important. The tides are how the Bay breathes. The Bay's windpipe is the Golden Gate, a deep channel that enables seawater to spread nutrients and oxygenation to its lungs\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/science-hike/don-edwards-sf-bay-national-wildlife-refuge-exploration/\">wetlands\u003c/a> as far away as the Central Valley. In turn, sediment from nearly half of California's surface area is exhaled to the Pacific where it piles up in a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/10/14/sand-waves-and-the-golden-gate/\">great furrowed berm\u003c/a> just off the Golden Gate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tides arise from the interactions of the sun and moon with our planet; they are where the heavens most truly move the Earth. While mariners always had a good sense of the patterns of the tides, it took science to make them predictable. When Isaac Newton first grasped that the motions of heaven and Earth fit the same mathematical laws, in the mid-1600s, he saw that one very practical application would be in precisely describingin modern terms, modelingthe tides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newton's tantalizing task is considered fairly well solved today, but it has taken centuries to arrive at this point. (\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tide\">Wikipedia has a good introduction.\u003c/a>) Today Bay Area tides are monitored and forecasted by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration; NOAA's \u003ca href=\"http://tidesandcurrents.noaa.gov/\">Tides and Currents\u003c/a> website will serve you official tide data for many stations (like \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/12/10/producers-notes-science-on-the-spot-watching-the-tides/\">San Francisco's station\u003c/a> at Crissy Field).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even the most exacting mathematics gives us only a partial picture. Weather and climate both matter, too. As weather fronts and storms and winds impinge on the Bay's water, they can change the tides by as much as two feet. Semi-annual climatic cycles like El Niños add their slower influence. And sea-level rise adds its inexorable direction over the scale of a lifetime. For the best view of the day's exact coastal conditions, I look to surfers and the \u003ca href=\"http://www.surf-forecast.com/\">surf-forecast.com\u003c/a> site. The tide is important for beach geologizers, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other big influence on the tides in any given place is bathymetryunderwater topography. Mathematical modelers can treat the different parts of the Bay as giant bathtubs, each sloshing back and forth in its own rhythm and spilling into its neighbors, but that analytical approach has limits. For serious analysis of things like stormwater surges, major shoreline construction and channel dredging, the old-fashioned scale modelthe Army Corps of Engineers' \u003ca href=\"http://www.spn.usace.army.mil/bmvc/index.html\">Bay Model in Sausalito\u003c/a>still matters.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/12/01/bay-area-tides/tidesmodel/\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-27998\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidesmodel.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"tidesmodel\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-27998\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidesmodel.jpg 600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/39/2011/12/tidesmodel-400x240.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a painstakingly calibrated replica, one-thousandth true size or about one and a half acres, whose pumps and sumps produce realistic versions of the Bay's complicated breathing. (Unfortunately it's being renovated as I write this, but the Visitor Center is still open to help you learn about the Bay in other ways.)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/27996/bay-area-tides","authors":["6228"],"categories":["quest_9","quest_11"],"tags":["quest_10522","quest_10523","quest_2001","quest_13202","quest_2487","quest_10131","quest_2937","quest_2938"],"featImg":"quest_27997","label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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