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Originally from San Francisco, Joan is thrilled to be home and working on QUEST, fulfilling a long-term goal of combining her interests in science and entertainment.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/692b727df9469f1e643b6b30d399076e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Joan Johnson | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/692b727df9469f1e643b6b30d399076e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/692b727df9469f1e643b6b30d399076e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/joan-johnson"},"darya-pino":{"type":"authors","id":"10218","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"10218","found":true},"name":"Darya Pino","firstName":"Darya","lastName":"Pino","slug":"darya-pino","email":"darya@summertomato.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Darya Pino is a Ph.D trained scientist, San Francisco foodie, food and health writer and advocate of local, seasonal foods. She shares her unique scientific perspective on health and enthusiasm for delicious foods at her website Summer Tomato. Follow her on Twitter @summertomato.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b5303fe7938a19bb9d4baa7837fb8390?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"quest","roles":["subscriber"]}],"headData":{"title":"Darya Pino | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b5303fe7938a19bb9d4baa7837fb8390?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/b5303fe7938a19bb9d4baa7837fb8390?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/darya-pino"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"quest_21110":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_21110","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"21110","score":null,"sort":[1417014024000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"millie-hughes-fulford-scientist-in-space","title":"Millie Hughes-Fulford: Scientist in Space","publishDate":1417014024,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This video and article, originally posted on July 26, 2011, were updated on Nov. 26, 2014.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73277\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_lab_2011.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-73277 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_lab_2011-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Millie Hughes-Fulford in her lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center in March 2011.<br /> (Michael Goode/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Millie Hughes-Fulford in her lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center in March 2011.\u003cbr> (Michael Goode/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When SpaceX sends its next spacecraft to resupply the International Space Station on Dec. 16, along with M&M’s and khaki pants for the six astronauts, the rocket will also carry some 40 experiments. Among them will be a cooler with several vials of human cells, sent up by University of California-San Francisco molecular biologist and former astronaut Millie Hughes-Fulford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hughes-Fulford hopes to figure out why the human immune system takes a beating in space. Her research could help astronauts stay healthy during the months or years it might take to reach Mars. Her findings could also help aging people here on Earth stay healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our hope is that we can apply the new knowledge across the board to anyone who has an immune problem,” said Hughes-Fulford, \u003ca href=\"http://www.hughesfulfordlab.com/index.html\">whose lab is at the San Francisco VA Medical Center\u003c/a> and who is employed by the Veterans Health Research Institute. The longtime Marin County resident recently moved to Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space is a useful place to study the human aging process, because in space the immune suppression process is sped up, said Camille Alleyne, assistant program scientist for the International Space Station (ISS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73278\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_space_head_gear.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-73278 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_space_head_gear-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"In 1991, Millie Hughes-Fulford traveled to space on the Space Shuttle Columbia as a payload specialist responsible for carrying out experiments for other scientists. She was the first woman to travel into space as a working scientist. (Courtesy of NASA)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In 1991, Millie Hughes-Fulford traveled to space on the shuttle Columbia as a payload specialist responsible for carrying out experiments for other scientists. She was the first woman to travel into space as a working scientist. (Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Hughes-Fulford’s experiment, which is funded by the National Institutes of Health, human immune cells will remain at the ISS for one month, exposed to microgravity – the technical term used to describe the lack of gravity experienced in space. After 30 days, the cells will return to Earth on board the same SpaceX spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1991, Hughes-Fulford was the first woman to travel to space as a working scientist, when she spent nine days on board the Space Shuttle Columbia during its first mission dedicated exclusively to the medical sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that mission, Hughes-Fulford conducted experiments for scientists from around the world, including one with rats that investigated why space travelers become sick. The study found that, in space, cells called T-cells, which regulate the entire immune system, don’t send out the signals they’re supposed to. As a result, space travelers can become sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now we believe it’s gravity that’s causing the changes, the T-cell needing gravity in order to function properly,” said Hughes-Fulford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Tara_Candelario_holds_blood.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-73279 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Tara_Candelario_holds_blood-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Tara Candelario held up a vial with human blood at Millie Hughes-Fulford’s lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center, in March 2011. Candelario, who is still with the lab, is currently extracting immune cells from human blood to send up to the International Space Station on Dec. 16, 2014.<br /> (Michael Goode/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Candelario held up a vial with human blood at Millie Hughes-Fulford’s lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center, in March 2011. Candelario is currently extracting immune cells from human blood to send up to the International Space Station on Dec. 16, 2014. (Michael Goode/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With her new experiment, and another one that went up on SpaceX in April, Hughes-Fulford’s goal is to understand which specific genes malfunction in space and what causes them to fail. The experiment will be one of the last things to be loaded onto the spacecraft, and one of the first to be unloaded once it docks with the ISS, said Alleyne. This is because the human cells need to be in a controlled temperature environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other experiments traveling to the ISS in December include NASA’s Cloud Aerosol Transport System (CATS), a device that will use lasers to identify sea salt, carbon, water vapor and particulates in the atmosphere. With CATS, scientists are trying to understand what’s happening in the Earth and atmosphere, to inform climate change models, said Alleyne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resupply mission will leave Cape Canaveral, Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The medical animation in this video was produced by Nucleus Media, which holds the copyright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You may also be interested in the QUEST documentary \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/video/silicon-valley-goes-to-space/\">Silicon Valley Goes to Space.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Former astronaut Millie Hughes-Fulford is sending an experiment into space that could one day help travelers going to Mars and aging people here on Earth. She seeks to understand how a lack of gravity impacts our immune system.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442631729,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":685},"headData":{"title":"Millie Hughes-Fulford: Scientist in Space | KQED","description":"","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Millie Hughes-Fulford: Scientist in Space","datePublished":"2014-11-26T15:00:24.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-19T03:02:09.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"21110 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?post_type=videos&p=21110","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/11/26/millie-hughes-fulford-scientist-in-space/","disqusTitle":"Millie Hughes-Fulford: Scientist in Space","videoEmbed":"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XQ6OlOAtzR4?feature=player_detailpage","source":"Biology","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/biology/","path":"/quest/21110/millie-hughes-fulford-scientist-in-space","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This video and article, originally posted on July 26, 2011, were updated on Nov. 26, 2014.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73277\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_lab_2011.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-73277 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_lab_2011-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Millie Hughes-Fulford in her lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center in March 2011.<br /> (Michael Goode/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Millie Hughes-Fulford in her lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center in March 2011.\u003cbr> (Michael Goode/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When SpaceX sends its next spacecraft to resupply the International Space Station on Dec. 16, along with M&M’s and khaki pants for the six astronauts, the rocket will also carry some 40 experiments. Among them will be a cooler with several vials of human cells, sent up by University of California-San Francisco molecular biologist and former astronaut Millie Hughes-Fulford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hughes-Fulford hopes to figure out why the human immune system takes a beating in space. Her research could help astronauts stay healthy during the months or years it might take to reach Mars. Her findings could also help aging people here on Earth stay healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our hope is that we can apply the new knowledge across the board to anyone who has an immune problem,” said Hughes-Fulford, \u003ca href=\"http://www.hughesfulfordlab.com/index.html\">whose lab is at the San Francisco VA Medical Center\u003c/a> and who is employed by the Veterans Health Research Institute. The longtime Marin County resident recently moved to Hawaii.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space is a useful place to study the human aging process, because in space the immune suppression process is sped up, said Camille Alleyne, assistant program scientist for the International Space Station (ISS).\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73278\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_space_head_gear.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-73278 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Millie_Hughes-Fulford_in_space_head_gear-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"In 1991, Millie Hughes-Fulford traveled to space on the Space Shuttle Columbia as a payload specialist responsible for carrying out experiments for other scientists. She was the first woman to travel into space as a working scientist. (Courtesy of NASA)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In 1991, Millie Hughes-Fulford traveled to space on the shuttle Columbia as a payload specialist responsible for carrying out experiments for other scientists. She was the first woman to travel into space as a working scientist. (Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Hughes-Fulford’s experiment, which is funded by the National Institutes of Health, human immune cells will remain at the ISS for one month, exposed to microgravity – the technical term used to describe the lack of gravity experienced in space. After 30 days, the cells will return to Earth on board the same SpaceX spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1991, Hughes-Fulford was the first woman to travel to space as a working scientist, when she spent nine days on board the Space Shuttle Columbia during its first mission dedicated exclusively to the medical sciences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During that mission, Hughes-Fulford conducted experiments for scientists from around the world, including one with rats that investigated why space travelers become sick. The study found that, in space, cells called T-cells, which regulate the entire immune system, don’t send out the signals they’re supposed to. As a result, space travelers can become sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now we believe it’s gravity that’s causing the changes, the T-cell needing gravity in order to function properly,” said Hughes-Fulford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_73279\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Tara_Candelario_holds_blood.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-73279 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/Tara_Candelario_holds_blood-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Tara Candelario held up a vial with human blood at Millie Hughes-Fulford’s lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center, in March 2011. Candelario, who is still with the lab, is currently extracting immune cells from human blood to send up to the International Space Station on Dec. 16, 2014.<br /> (Michael Goode/KQED)\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Tara Candelario held up a vial with human blood at Millie Hughes-Fulford’s lab at the San Francisco VA Medical Center, in March 2011. Candelario is currently extracting immune cells from human blood to send up to the International Space Station on Dec. 16, 2014. (Michael Goode/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With her new experiment, and another one that went up on SpaceX in April, Hughes-Fulford’s goal is to understand which specific genes malfunction in space and what causes them to fail. The experiment will be one of the last things to be loaded onto the spacecraft, and one of the first to be unloaded once it docks with the ISS, said Alleyne. This is because the human cells need to be in a controlled temperature environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other experiments traveling to the ISS in December include NASA’s Cloud Aerosol Transport System (CATS), a device that will use lasers to identify sea salt, carbon, water vapor and particulates in the atmosphere. With CATS, scientists are trying to understand what’s happening in the Earth and atmosphere, to inform climate change models, said Alleyne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resupply mission will leave Cape Canaveral, Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The medical animation in this video was produced by Nucleus Media, which holds the copyright.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You may also be interested in the QUEST documentary \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/video/silicon-valley-goes-to-space/\">Silicon Valley Goes to Space.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/21110/millie-hughes-fulford-scientist-in-space","authors":["6186"],"categories":["quest_3","quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_544","quest_12269","quest_1451","quest_3620","quest_3351","quest_9909","quest_1918","quest_2349","quest_13","quest_12264","quest_13096","quest_2893","quest_3071"],"featImg":"quest_73276","label":"source_quest_21110"},"quest_17514":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17514","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17514","score":null,"sort":[1415804432000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"catching-up-on-sleep-science","title":"Catching Up on Sleep Science","publishDate":1415804432,"format":"video","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>This video story was originally produced by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/sheraz-sadiq/\">Sheraz Sadiq\u003c/a> and was updated by\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/lisalanders/\"> Lisa Landers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/acurry/\">Arwen Curry.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be honest – do you ever brag about how little sleep you get? If so, you’re not alone. Humans are the only species that seems to deliberately deprive themselves of sleep. But if you’ve ever uttered a phrase like “I’ll sleep when I’m dead,” it’s time for a wake-up call, scientists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72675\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-72675\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Researchers have long known that adequate sleep is critical for good health. Insufficient sleep \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/expert-answers/lack-of-sleep/faq-20057757\">impairs the immune system\u003c/a>, and is associated with everything from \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/sleep/\">obesity\u003c/a> to cardiovascular disease, stroke to cancer, depression to schizophrenia and \u003ca href=\"http://news.temple.edu/news/2014-03-18/chronic-sleep-disturbance-might-trigger-onset-alzheimer%E2%80%99s\">Alzheimer’s disease\u003c/a>. Now scientists are several steps closer to knowing how sleep keeps us healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An important clue about sleep’s function surfaced in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v16/n2/full/nn.3303.html\">a 2013 study\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/index.html\">Nature Neuroscience\u003c/a> \u003c/em>and conducted at the University of California-Berkeley. The study, by neuroscience professor Matthew Walker and his colleagues, showed that the structural changes the brain experiences as we age damage the quality of deep sleep. This hinders the brain’s ongoing ability to store memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72671\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 264px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72671 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800-264x169.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley Photo by Arwen Curry.\" width=\"264\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley.\u003cbr> Photo by Arwen Curry.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists were already aware of a connection between sleep and memory – now they are developing a working hypothesis about how the mechanism actually works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though your learning system is like a USB stick,” Walker said. “During the day you’re acquiring lots of information rapidly.” This information is lodged in an area of the brain called the hippocampus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when we sleep, this data is exported to “the hard drive of our brain,” a larger storage space called the cortex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we wake up the next day, our USB stick has now been cleared out, so we can start to learn new information anew,” Walker said. “We’ve refreshed our learning capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that we need less sleep as we age is a fallacy, he added. It now appears that the brain is physically unable to achieve the amount of slow-wave, non-rapid-eye-movement sleep needed to consolidate memories as we grow older. By the time we’re 50 years old, non-REM sleep has reduced by half compared to when we were 18 years old. By the time we’re 70, deep sleep is down to about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72668\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72668 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"Scientists use electric pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists use electrical pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This research suggests that improving slow-wave sleep, which takes up about a quarter of the night, could slow the decline of memory as we age. Scientists are investigating \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016643289390140L\">ways to use electrical stimulation to improve deep sleep in older people\u003c/a> by attaching electrodes to the scalp to create a mild current that mimics the pattern of slow-wave sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science of sleep has traditionally been abstract, but advances in imaging technology now allow scientists to peek inside the sleeping brain. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index.cfm?id=3956\">a groundbreaking 2013 study\u003c/a>, researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center injected dyes into the brains of sleeping mice, and watched in real-time as the neurons in their brains shrank dramatically by about 60 percent. This increased the spaces between the brain cells, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to easily flow through and cleanse the brain of naturally occurring toxic waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72672 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse. Photo courtesy of the University of Rochester Medical Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though you’re sort of walking past one of those delightful posh hotels and during the day there’s lots of dirt that happens on the sidewalk,” said Walker. “And then at night, someone comes out with one of those pressure-jet washers and cleans it all out, so that it’s fresh and functional the next day. That’s exactly what we think is now happening during sleep at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular note is that chronic sleep deprivation contributes to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24887018\">the buildup of a toxic protein called beta-amyloid\u003c/a>, which is a predictor of Alzheimer’s disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walker’s research also suggests strong connections between sleep and creativity and emotional regulation. But with all we’ve learned about sleep, there remains much more to be discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think about it,” said Walker, “we’ve understood the other three main biological drives – eating, drinking and reproducing – for many tens, if not hundreds, of years. But the fourth main biological drive, common across all species that we’ve studied, which is to sleep, remains that quintessential mystery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing is clear: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/166553/less-recommended-amount-sleep.aspx\">People are sleeping demonstrably less than they did 70 years ago\u003c/a>. An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of chronic sleep disorder, and 40 percent get less than the recommended amount of sleep – seven and a half to eight hours a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contributing factors include multi-tasking, the invasion of technology in the bedroom and long commute times, which rob us of precious free hours, Walker said. But the biggest culprit may be our own attitudes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think where we’re at in modern-day society is a problematic relationship with sleep,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that sleep is fundamentally important at the most basic of biological levels,” he said. “But something strange has happened – sleep has received a stigma. There’s some kind of intonation which suggests that getting sufficient sleep is equivalent to being lazy. We wear this badge of sleep deprivation like some kind of honor emblem on our arm, and that’s profoundly misguided.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Additional Links\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTIDkj9Tn58\">Watch the full episode of QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408261000\">Forum with Michael Krasny: sleep expert Matthew Walker\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/08/27/sleep-apps-myths-and-more-strategies-for-a-good-nights-rest/\">Sleep Apps, Myths and More: Strategies for a Good Night’s Rest\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201311270930\">Forum with Dave Iverson: sleep therapy as a treatment for depression\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sleep: It’s more important than you might think. Watch the video to see how sleep imprints memories, regulates emotions, and cleanses the brain of toxins. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1442634965,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":1052},"headData":{"title":"Catching Up on Sleep Science | KQED","description":"Sleep: It’s more important than you might think. Watch the video to see how sleep imprints memories, regulates emotions, and cleanses the brain of toxins. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Catching Up on Sleep Science","datePublished":"2014-11-12T15:00:32.000Z","dateModified":"2015-09-19T03:56:05.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17514 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/catching-up-on-sleep-science/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2014/11/12/catching-up-on-sleep-science/","disqusTitle":"Catching Up on Sleep Science","videoEmbed":"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HW1HxGJAjqY","source":"Health","sourceUrl":"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/category/health/","path":"/quest/17514/catching-up-on-sleep-science","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This video story was originally produced by \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/sheraz-sadiq/\">Sheraz Sadiq\u003c/a> and was updated by\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/lisalanders/\"> Lisa Landers\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/author/acurry/\">Arwen Curry.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Be honest – do you ever brag about how little sleep you get? If so, you’re not alone. Humans are the only species that seems to deliberately deprive themselves of sleep. But if you’ve ever uttered a phrase like “I’ll sleep when I’m dead,” it’s time for a wake-up call, scientists say.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72675\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-72675\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/803_SLEEP_polar_bear-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sleep is common to all species that have been studied to date.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Researchers have long known that adequate sleep is critical for good health. Insufficient sleep \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/insomnia/expert-answers/lack-of-sleep/faq-20057757\">impairs the immune system\u003c/a>, and is associated with everything from \u003ca href=\"http://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/sleep/\">obesity\u003c/a> to cardiovascular disease, stroke to cancer, depression to schizophrenia and \u003ca href=\"http://news.temple.edu/news/2014-03-18/chronic-sleep-disturbance-might-trigger-onset-alzheimer%E2%80%99s\">Alzheimer’s disease\u003c/a>. Now scientists are several steps closer to knowing how sleep keeps us healthy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An important clue about sleep’s function surfaced in \u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/journal/v16/n2/full/nn.3303.html\">a 2013 study\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.nature.com/neuro/index.html\">Nature Neuroscience\u003c/a> \u003c/em>and conducted at the University of California-Berkeley. The study, by neuroscience professor Matthew Walker and his colleagues, showed that the structural changes the brain experiences as we age damage the quality of deep sleep. This hinders the brain’s ongoing ability to store memories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72671\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 264px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72671 size-thumbnail\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Matthew_Walker_AC_800-264x169.jpg\" alt=\"Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley Photo by Arwen Curry.\" width=\"264\" height=\"169\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Matthew Walker runs the Sleep and Neuroimaging Lab at the University of California-Berkeley.\u003cbr> Photo by Arwen Curry.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Scientists were already aware of a connection between sleep and memory – now they are developing a working hypothesis about how the mechanism actually works.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though your learning system is like a USB stick,” Walker said. “During the day you’re acquiring lots of information rapidly.” This information is lodged in an area of the brain called the hippocampus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when we sleep, this data is exported to “the hard drive of our brain,” a larger storage space called the cortex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When we wake up the next day, our USB stick has now been cleared out, so we can start to learn new information anew,” Walker said. “We’ve refreshed our learning capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The idea that we need less sleep as we age is a fallacy, he added. It now appears that the brain is physically unable to achieve the amount of slow-wave, non-rapid-eye-movement sleep needed to consolidate memories as we grow older. By the time we’re 50 years old, non-REM sleep has reduced by half compared to when we were 18 years old. By the time we’re 70, deep sleep is down to about 5 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72668\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72668 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/402a_sleep_640-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"Scientists use electric pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scientists use electrical pulses to copy the rhythm of slow-wave sleep, which declines as we age.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This research suggests that improving slow-wave sleep, which takes up about a quarter of the night, could slow the decline of memory as we age. Scientists are investigating \u003ca href=\"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/016643289390140L\">ways to use electrical stimulation to improve deep sleep in older people\u003c/a> by attaching electrodes to the scalp to create a mild current that mimics the pattern of slow-wave sleep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The science of sleep has traditionally been abstract, but advances in imaging technology now allow scientists to peek inside the sleeping brain. In \u003ca href=\"http://www.urmc.rochester.edu/news/story/index.cfm?id=3956\">a groundbreaking 2013 study\u003c/a>, researchers at the University of Rochester Medical Center injected dyes into the brains of sleeping mice, and watched in real-time as the neurons in their brains shrank dramatically by about 60 percent. This increased the spaces between the brain cells, allowing cerebrospinal fluid to easily flow through and cleanse the brain of naturally occurring toxic waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_72672\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-72672 size-large\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2014/10/Rochester_Brain_Flushing_800-640x360.jpg\" alt=\"This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This photograph shows cerebrospinal fluid (in blue) rinsing toxins from the brain of a sleeping mouse. Photo courtesy of the University of Rochester Medical Center.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as though you’re sort of walking past one of those delightful posh hotels and during the day there’s lots of dirt that happens on the sidewalk,” said Walker. “And then at night, someone comes out with one of those pressure-jet washers and cleans it all out, so that it’s fresh and functional the next day. That’s exactly what we think is now happening during sleep at night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of particular note is that chronic sleep deprivation contributes to \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24887018\">the buildup of a toxic protein called beta-amyloid\u003c/a>, which is a predictor of Alzheimer’s disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Walker’s research also suggests strong connections between sleep and creativity and emotional regulation. But with all we’ve learned about sleep, there remains much more to be discovered.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think about it,” said Walker, “we’ve understood the other three main biological drives – eating, drinking and reproducing – for many tens, if not hundreds, of years. But the fourth main biological drive, common across all species that we’ve studied, which is to sleep, remains that quintessential mystery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One thing is clear: \u003ca href=\"http://www.gallup.com/poll/166553/less-recommended-amount-sleep.aspx\">People are sleeping demonstrably less than they did 70 years ago\u003c/a>. An estimated 70 million Americans suffer from some form of chronic sleep disorder, and 40 percent get less than the recommended amount of sleep – seven and a half to eight hours a night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Contributing factors include multi-tasking, the invasion of technology in the bedroom and long commute times, which rob us of precious free hours, Walker said. But the biggest culprit may be our own attitudes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think where we’re at in modern-day society is a problematic relationship with sleep,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that sleep is fundamentally important at the most basic of biological levels,” he said. “But something strange has happened – sleep has received a stigma. There’s some kind of intonation which suggests that getting sufficient sleep is equivalent to being lazy. We wear this badge of sleep deprivation like some kind of honor emblem on our arm, and that’s profoundly misguided.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Additional Links\u003c/h2>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yTIDkj9Tn58\">Watch the full episode of QUEST.\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201408261000\">Forum with Michael Krasny: sleep expert Matthew Walker\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/stateofhealth/2014/08/27/sleep-apps-myths-and-more-strategies-for-a-good-nights-rest/\">Sleep Apps, Myths and More: Strategies for a Good Night’s Rest\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/a/forum/R201311270930\">Forum with Dave Iverson: sleep therapy as a treatment for depression\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17514/catching-up-on-sleep-science","authors":["6444"],"categories":["quest_4","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_135","quest_13038","quest_13048","quest_13044","quest_423","quest_13042","quest_13045","quest_13047","quest_13052","quest_13050","quest_13040","quest_13046","quest_12269","quest_13201","quest_13035","quest_1451","quest_11723","quest_10537","quest_1788","quest_13039","quest_13036","quest_1916","quest_13041","quest_9816","quest_13037","quest_2031","quest_13","quest_10538","quest_2655","quest_13034","quest_13051","quest_2893","quest_3021","quest_12094","quest_13043","quest_3071","quest_13049"],"featImg":"quest_72659","label":"source_quest_17514"},"quest_23668":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_23668","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"23668","score":null,"sort":[1314979215000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sexual-satisfaction-linked-to-successful-aging","title":"Sexual Satisfaction Linked To Successful Aging ","publishDate":1314979215,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/09/aging-love.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/09/aging-love-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"aging love\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-23669\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For better quality of life as you age it’s important to keep the fire burning, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/26174\">new study\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>Journal of the American Geriatric Society\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the Stein Institute for Research on Aging at UC San Diego looked at data from 1,235 post-menopausal women participating in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study. The women were asked questions about their health, both physical and mental, as well as sexual activity and functioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though aging was associated with an expected decline in physical health and sexual frequency, overall sexual satisfaction did not decline with age. Additionally, having a satisfying sex life was also associated with indicators of successful aging and high quality of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Feeling satisfied with your sex life—whatever you levels of sexual activity—is closely related to your perceived quality of life,” says Wesley K. Thompson, co-author of the study. “While we cannot assess cause and effect from this study, these results suggest that maintaining a high level of sexual satisfaction may positively reinforce other psychological aspects of successful aging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is it time to start bringing home flowers and candles in addition to the extra calcium and fish oil supplements? Let’s hope so.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Though aging was associated with an expected decline in physical health and sexual frequency, overall sexual satisfaction did not decline with age.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1317340036,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":216},"headData":{"title":"Sexual Satisfaction Linked To Successful Aging | KQED","description":"Though aging was associated with an expected decline in physical health and sexual frequency, overall sexual satisfaction did not decline with age.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Sexual Satisfaction Linked To Successful Aging ","datePublished":"2011-09-02T16:00:15.000Z","dateModified":"2011-09-29T23:47:16.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"23668 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=23668","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/09/02/sexual-satisfaction-linked-to-successful-aging/","disqusTitle":"Sexual Satisfaction Linked To Successful Aging ","path":"/quest/23668/sexual-satisfaction-linked-to-successful-aging","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/09/aging-love.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/09/aging-love-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"aging love\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-23669\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For better quality of life as you age it’s important to keep the fire burning, according to a \u003ca href=\"http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/26174\">new study\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>Journal of the American Geriatric Society\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers at the Stein Institute for Research on Aging at UC San Diego looked at data from 1,235 post-menopausal women participating in the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI) study. The women were asked questions about their health, both physical and mental, as well as sexual activity and functioning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though aging was associated with an expected decline in physical health and sexual frequency, overall sexual satisfaction did not decline with age. Additionally, having a satisfying sex life was also associated with indicators of successful aging and high quality of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Feeling satisfied with your sex life—whatever you levels of sexual activity—is closely related to your perceived quality of life,” says Wesley K. Thompson, co-author of the study. “While we cannot assess cause and effect from this study, these results suggest that maintaining a high level of sexual satisfaction may positively reinforce other psychological aspects of successful aging.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Is it time to start bringing home flowers and candles in addition to the extra calcium and fish oil supplements? Let’s hope so.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/23668/sexual-satisfaction-linked-to-successful-aging","authors":["10218"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_13201","quest_13202","quest_2601","quest_9928"],"label":"quest"},"quest_20243":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_20243","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"20243","score":null,"sort":[1310749233000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"meditation-may-enhance-the-strength-of-neural-networks","title":"Meditation May Enhance the Strength of Neural Networks","publishDate":1310749233,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20257\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/r_x/4327382898/in/photostream/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/meditation1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"meditation\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-20257\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meditation is associated with stronger connections between brain regions. Photo courtesy of R_x - renee barron.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meditation is the practice of focusing your mind on a single thought or idea for an extended period of time in order to achieve some benefit. The goals of meditation can vary and include increased focus, increased awareness or “presence,” better memory, decreased stress and achieving a state of enlightenment. Physiological advantages have also been reported, such as decreased blood pressure and pain reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though meditation has been practiced all over the world for thousands of years, the mechanism by which it works is still largely unknown. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/25936\">recent study\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>NeuroImage\u003c/em> suggests that mediation may work by strengthening the connections between brain regions, thereby building more robust neural networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study compared age and gender matched meditators with non-meditators. Researchers used a method called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) that detects the size and direction of white matter tracts in the brain. White matter is made up of long neuronal processes called axons that transmit information from one area of the brain to another. DTI is used to measure the integrity of white matter tracts and is thought to indicate the strength of neural connections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meditators had stronger DTI measures than non-meditators, particularly in the corticospinal tract (axons from the brain to the rest of the body), the superior longitudinal fasciculus (connections between executive brain areas and sensory regions) and the uncinate fasciculus (connects executive brain areas to emotion and memory regions). Meditators also seemed to have less age-related degeneration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this was not a randomized controlled trial and cannot determine if mediation was the cause of the structural changes, this study opens a new area of research for exploring the role of meditation and brain training in strengthening and preserving the neural connections necessary for memory and other important cognitive tasks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Meditation is associated with stronger connections between brain regions.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1311276870,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":317},"headData":{"title":"Meditation May Enhance the Strength of Neural Networks","description":"Meditation is associated with stronger connections between brain regions.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Meditation May Enhance the Strength of Neural Networks","datePublished":"2011-07-15T17:00:33.000Z","dateModified":"2011-07-21T19:34:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"20243 http://science.kqed.org/quest/?p=20243","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/07/15/meditation-may-enhance-the-strength-of-neural-networks/","disqusTitle":"Meditation May Enhance the Strength of Neural Networks","path":"/quest/20243/meditation-may-enhance-the-strength-of-neural-networks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_20257\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/r_x/4327382898/in/photostream/\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/07/meditation1-300x169.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"meditation\" width=\"300\" height=\"169\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-20257\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Meditation is associated with stronger connections between brain regions. Photo courtesy of R_x - renee barron.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Meditation is the practice of focusing your mind on a single thought or idea for an extended period of time in order to achieve some benefit. The goals of meditation can vary and include increased focus, increased awareness or “presence,” better memory, decreased stress and achieving a state of enlightenment. Physiological advantages have also been reported, such as decreased blood pressure and pain reduction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though meditation has been practiced all over the world for thousands of years, the mechanism by which it works is still largely unknown. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/25936\">recent study\u003c/a> published in the journal \u003cem>NeuroImage\u003c/em> suggests that mediation may work by strengthening the connections between brain regions, thereby building more robust neural networks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study compared age and gender matched meditators with non-meditators. Researchers used a method called diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) that detects the size and direction of white matter tracts in the brain. White matter is made up of long neuronal processes called axons that transmit information from one area of the brain to another. DTI is used to measure the integrity of white matter tracts and is thought to indicate the strength of neural connections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meditators had stronger DTI measures than non-meditators, particularly in the corticospinal tract (axons from the brain to the rest of the body), the superior longitudinal fasciculus (connections between executive brain areas and sensory regions) and the uncinate fasciculus (connects executive brain areas to emotion and memory regions). Meditators also seemed to have less age-related degeneration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this was not a randomized controlled trial and cannot determine if mediation was the cause of the structural changes, this study opens a new area of research for exploring the role of meditation and brain training in strengthening and preserving the neural connections necessary for memory and other important cognitive tasks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/20243/meditation-may-enhance-the-strength-of-neural-networks","authors":["10218"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_377","quest_9817","quest_1784","quest_1788","quest_9816","quest_13202"],"featImg":"quest_20257","label":"quest"},"quest_19213":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_19213","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"19213","score":null,"sort":[1302883204000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"exercise-may-protect-against-stress-related-cellular-aging","title":"Exercise May Protect Against Stress-Related Cellular Aging","publishDate":1302883204,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/exercise.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem> Exercise prevents the shortening of telomeres caused by psychological stress. Image courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikebaird/3539161615/\">mikebaird\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New research by Nobel Prize winning UCSF researcher, \u003ca href=\"http://biochemistry.ucsf.edu/labs/blackburn/\">Elizabeth Blackburn\u003c/a>, provides a possible mechanism by which exercise protects against stress-related chromosome aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings, presented this month at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.aacr.org/\">American Association for Cancer Research\u003c/a> 102nd Annual Meeting, were based on earlier research showing that stress accelerates telomere shortening. \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomere\">Telomeres\u003c/a> are protective strands of DNA found on the end of chromosomes that protect them from degradation during cell division. Telomere length is associated with cellular health, and is a known marker of cell aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shorter telomeres are associated with cell death and chromosome instability, which can lead to inflammation. In immune cells, short telomeres can predict poorer prognosis in patients with heart disease and cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a previous study by Blackburn, psychological stress was associated with shorter telomeres in the lymphocytes of caregivers of chronically ill children. This was the first demonstration that telomere length is correlated to perceived stress. In the current study, co-authored by biochemist Jue Lin, telomere length was again associated with stress levels, this time in primary caregivers looking after a family member with dementia. However when the researchers looked at the immune cells in those who exercised, there was no association between stress and telomere length.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another study, led by Eli Puterman, examined the impact of exercise on the telomeres of healthy women who had been victims of child abuse. In this study those who exercised were protected against the effects of stress on telomere length.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw a relationship between childhood trauma and short telomere length but the relationship seems to go away in people who exercise vigorously at least three times a week,” said Lin in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/25267\">press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exercise is known to beneficially impact immune function and several other aspects of health. This new research illuminates on one possible mechanism by which physical activity exerts its helpful effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.76355 -122.458\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"New research by Nobel Prize winning UCSF researcher, Elizabeth Blackburn, provides a possible mechanism by which exercise protects against stress-related chromosome aging.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1302883204,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":12,"wordCount":329},"headData":{"title":"Exercise May Protect Against Stress-Related Cellular Aging | KQED","description":"New research by Nobel Prize winning UCSF researcher, Elizabeth Blackburn, provides a possible mechanism by which exercise protects against stress-related chromosome aging.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Exercise May Protect Against Stress-Related Cellular Aging","datePublished":"2011-04-15T16:00:04.000Z","dateModified":"2011-04-15T16:00:04.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"19213 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=13800","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/04/15/exercise-may-protect-against-stress-related-cellular-aging/","disqusTitle":"Exercise May Protect Against Stress-Related Cellular Aging","path":"/quest/19213/exercise-may-protect-against-stress-related-cellular-aging","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/04/exercise.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem> Exercise prevents the shortening of telomeres caused by psychological stress. Image courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/mikebaird/3539161615/\">mikebaird\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New research by Nobel Prize winning UCSF researcher, \u003ca href=\"http://biochemistry.ucsf.edu/labs/blackburn/\">Elizabeth Blackburn\u003c/a>, provides a possible mechanism by which exercise protects against stress-related chromosome aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings, presented this month at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.aacr.org/\">American Association for Cancer Research\u003c/a> 102nd Annual Meeting, were based on earlier research showing that stress accelerates telomere shortening. \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomere\">Telomeres\u003c/a> are protective strands of DNA found on the end of chromosomes that protect them from degradation during cell division. Telomere length is associated with cellular health, and is a known marker of cell aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shorter telomeres are associated with cell death and chromosome instability, which can lead to inflammation. In immune cells, short telomeres can predict poorer prognosis in patients with heart disease and cancer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a previous study by Blackburn, psychological stress was associated with shorter telomeres in the lymphocytes of caregivers of chronically ill children. This was the first demonstration that telomere length is correlated to perceived stress. In the current study, co-authored by biochemist Jue Lin, telomere length was again associated with stress levels, this time in primary caregivers looking after a family member with dementia. However when the researchers looked at the immune cells in those who exercised, there was no association between stress and telomere length.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another study, led by Eli Puterman, examined the impact of exercise on the telomeres of healthy women who had been victims of child abuse. In this study those who exercised were protected against the effects of stress on telomere length.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We saw a relationship between childhood trauma and short telomere length but the relationship seems to go away in people who exercise vigorously at least three times a week,” said Lin in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.universityofcalifornia.edu/news/article/25267\">press release\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exercise is known to beneficially impact immune function and several other aspects of health. This new research illuminates on one possible mechanism by which physical activity exerts its helpful effects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.76355 -122.458\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/19213/exercise-may-protect-against-stress-related-cellular-aging","authors":["10218"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_966","quest_1451","quest_3785","quest_2898","quest_3025"],"featImg":"quest_13803","label":"quest"},"quest_11083":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_11083","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"11083","score":null,"sort":[1292007667000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"doh-dha-supplements-dont-reduce-alzheimers-risks","title":"D'OH! DHA Supplements Don't Reduce Alzheimer's Risks","publishDate":1292007667,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/12/old-woman1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Another promising dietary supplement fails to deliver protection against a target disease, this time Alzheimer's. Image courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/outcast104/1428795376/\">outcast104\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another promising dietary supplement fails to deliver protection against a target disease, this time Alzheimer's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docosahexaenoic_acid\">DHA\u003c/a> (or docosahexaenoic acid for the geekier among you) is an omega-3 fatty acid that is abundant in the brain. Epidemiological studies have suggested that people who consume more DHA from fish have a lower incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Further, DHA supplementation has improved markers of cognitive impairment in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists speculated that DHA supplementation may be beneficial in treating cognitive decline because previous research has suggested that among all omega-3 fatty acids, DHA was the only one associated with a reduced incidence of impairment. Also, the other major omega-3 fatty acid found in fish, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is not present in the human brain, whereas DHA is abundant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/304/17/1903.short?rss=1&;ssource=mfc\">JAMA\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, was a collaborative effort by scientists from the Oregon Health and Science University, UC San Diego, Yale, UC San Francisco, NYU and others. It was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of DHA supplementation in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found no benefit of 2 g/day DHA supplementation on cognitive performance on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) or Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) compared to placebo. There was also no measurable benefit of DHA on brain volume, which typically declines with Alzheimer's progression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this research does not rule out a benefit of DHA on cognitive health, it does not bode well for regular supplementation. The treatment lasted for 18 months and cognitive changes were detected in both groups. So if DHA had any effect on the rate of cognitive decline it should have been apparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is possible that beginning DHA treatment after early signs of Alzheimer's have already been detected is too late for any meaningful protection offered by DHA. Maybe some benefit would have been found if the treatment began in healthy adults before symptoms of cognitive decline developed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may also be that DHA is beneficial, but is not effective in supplement form. DHA is very vulnerable to oxidative damage, and some research has shown that it provides more cognitive benefit when co-administered with an antioxidant (lutein) to protect it. DHA ingested in the form of food (fish) would not be subject to the same level of oxidative degradation, which may explain the results seen in epidemiological data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is not uncommon for supplements to fail to replicate epidemiological benefits seem from foods, and more careful studies are needed to determine the nutritional benefit, if any, of DHA on cognitive aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.76355 -122.458\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Another promising dietary supplement fails to deliver protection against a target disease, this time Alzheimer's.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1292007667,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":461},"headData":{"title":"D'OH! DHA Supplements Don't Reduce Alzheimer's Risks | KQED","description":"Another promising dietary supplement fails to deliver protection against a target disease, this time Alzheimer's.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"D'OH! DHA Supplements Don't Reduce Alzheimer's Risks","datePublished":"2010-12-10T19:01:07.000Z","dateModified":"2010-12-10T19:01:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"11083 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=11083","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2010/12/10/doh-dha-supplements-dont-reduce-alzheimers-risks/","disqusTitle":"D'OH! DHA Supplements Don't Reduce Alzheimer's Risks","path":"/quest/11083/doh-dha-supplements-dont-reduce-alzheimers-risks","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2010/12/old-woman1.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003cem>Another promising dietary supplement fails to deliver protection against a target disease, this time Alzheimer's. Image courtesy of \u003ca href=\"http://www.flickr.com/photos/outcast104/1428795376/\">outcast104\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another promising dietary supplement fails to deliver protection against a target disease, this time Alzheimer's.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Docosahexaenoic_acid\">DHA\u003c/a> (or docosahexaenoic acid for the geekier among you) is an omega-3 fatty acid that is abundant in the brain. Epidemiological studies have suggested that people who consume more DHA from fish have a lower incidence of Alzheimer's disease. Further, DHA supplementation has improved markers of cognitive impairment in mouse models of Alzheimer's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists speculated that DHA supplementation may be beneficial in treating cognitive decline because previous research has suggested that among all omega-3 fatty acids, DHA was the only one associated with a reduced incidence of impairment. Also, the other major omega-3 fatty acid found in fish, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), is not present in the human brain, whereas DHA is abundant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study, published in \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/304/17/1903.short?rss=1&;ssource=mfc\">JAMA\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, was a collaborative effort by scientists from the Oregon Health and Science University, UC San Diego, Yale, UC San Francisco, NYU and others. It was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of DHA supplementation in patients with mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers found no benefit of 2 g/day DHA supplementation on cognitive performance on the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale (ADAS) or Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) compared to placebo. There was also no measurable benefit of DHA on brain volume, which typically declines with Alzheimer's progression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though this research does not rule out a benefit of DHA on cognitive health, it does not bode well for regular supplementation. The treatment lasted for 18 months and cognitive changes were detected in both groups. So if DHA had any effect on the rate of cognitive decline it should have been apparent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is possible that beginning DHA treatment after early signs of Alzheimer's have already been detected is too late for any meaningful protection offered by DHA. Maybe some benefit would have been found if the treatment began in healthy adults before symptoms of cognitive decline developed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It may also be that DHA is beneficial, but is not effective in supplement form. DHA is very vulnerable to oxidative damage, and some research has shown that it provides more cognitive benefit when co-administered with an antioxidant (lutein) to protect it. DHA ingested in the form of food (fish) would not be subject to the same level of oxidative degradation, which may explain the results seen in epidemiological data.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is not uncommon for supplements to fail to replicate epidemiological benefits seem from foods, and more careful studies are needed to determine the nutritional benefit, if any, of DHA on cognitive aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.76355 -122.458\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/11083/doh-dha-supplements-dont-reduce-alzheimers-risks","authors":["10218"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_135","quest_645","quest_820","quest_1009","quest_1079","quest_2022","quest_2065","quest_2839"],"featImg":"quest_11174","label":"quest"},"quest_968":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_968","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"968","score":null,"sort":[1227744564000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reporters-notes-the-graying-of-hiv","title":"Reporter's Notes: The Graying of HIV","publishDate":1227744564,"format":"audio","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-graying-of-hiv\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/11/radio3-9_grayinghiv300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Some 30 researchers from the University of California-San Francisco and the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology have come together to investigate why HIV-positive patients, who are now living longer lives thanks to anti-retroviral drugs, seem to be aging faster than their uninfected peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a long list of concerns that people have raised about the effects of chronic HIV infection on different health outcomes,\" says Dr. Paul Volberding, who as a co-chair of \u003ca href=\"http://cfar.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco's Center for AIDS Research\u003c/a> is bringing together this group of scientists. UCSF/San Francisco General Hospital \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3057819\" target=\"_blank\">cardiologist Priscilla Hsue\u003c/a>, for example, has found that HIV-positive patients (the patients she sees in San Francisco are mostly men) have heart attacks when they're around 50 years old. That's 10 years earlier than when your average, uninfected, man has a heart attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other researchers have found that HIV-infected patients develop dementia younger and kidney failure at a faster rate than their uninfected peers. Volberding says that these patients are also showing accelerated bone loss and accelerated loss of their kidney function. These are all ways in which our bodies normally decline as we age. But in patients with HIV, the decline seems to be faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the beginning, researchers believed that anti-retroviral drugs were causing the aging, but as research has progressed, the thinking has shifted. \"The more nuanced recognition now is that maybe some of that was from the drugs,\" says Volberding, \"but maybe some of it was because the drugs were working and patients were living longer and allowing us to see these other effects of chronic viral infection.\" Even though anti-retroviral drugs can bring the amount of virus in the body down to almost undetectable levels, there is always a tiny amount of HIV replicating inside a patient's body. And Volberding and others believe that this virus could be responsible for the sped-up aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF \u003ca href=\"http://biochemistry.ucsf.edu/labs/blackburn/aboutdrblackburn.html\" target=\"_blank\">molecular biologist Elizabeth Blackburn\u003c/a>, another member of this new group, has spent her life studying the tips of our chromosomes, called our \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomere\" target=\"_blank\">telomeres\u003c/a> (pronounced TEAL-oh-meres), and the role they play in aging. Blackburn has found that as we age, our telomeres wear away and shorten. She has studied the telomeres in patients with heart disease and cancer, and now she wants to look at HIV patients' telomeres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-graying-of-hiv\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-graying-of-hiv\">Graying of HIV\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.755685 -122.406299\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Some 30 researchers from the University of California-San Francisco and the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology have come together to investigate why HIV-positive patients, who are now living longer lives thanks to anti-retroviral drugs, seem to be aging faster than their uninfected peers.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1227744564,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":10,"wordCount":409},"headData":{"title":"Reporter's Notes: The Graying of HIV | KQED","description":"Some 30 researchers from the University of California-San Francisco and the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology have come together to investigate why HIV-positive patients, who are now living longer lives thanks to anti-retroviral drugs, seem to be aging faster than their uninfected peers.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reporter's Notes: The Graying of HIV","datePublished":"2008-11-27T00:09:24.000Z","dateModified":"2008-11-27T00:09:24.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"968 http://www.kqed.org/quest/blog/?p=968","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2008/11/26/reporters-notes-the-graying-of-hiv/","disqusTitle":"Reporter's Notes: The Graying of HIV","path":"/quest/968/reporters-notes-the-graying-of-hiv","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-graying-of-hiv\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/11/radio3-9_grayinghiv300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Some 30 researchers from the University of California-San Francisco and the Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology have come together to investigate why HIV-positive patients, who are now living longer lives thanks to anti-retroviral drugs, seem to be aging faster than their uninfected peers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's a long list of concerns that people have raised about the effects of chronic HIV infection on different health outcomes,\" says Dr. Paul Volberding, who as a co-chair of \u003ca href=\"http://cfar.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\">San Francisco's Center for AIDS Research\u003c/a> is bringing together this group of scientists. UCSF/San Francisco General Hospital \u003ca href=\"http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3057819\" target=\"_blank\">cardiologist Priscilla Hsue\u003c/a>, for example, has found that HIV-positive patients (the patients she sees in San Francisco are mostly men) have heart attacks when they're around 50 years old. That's 10 years earlier than when your average, uninfected, man has a heart attack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other researchers have found that HIV-infected patients develop dementia younger and kidney failure at a faster rate than their uninfected peers. Volberding says that these patients are also showing accelerated bone loss and accelerated loss of their kidney function. These are all ways in which our bodies normally decline as we age. But in patients with HIV, the decline seems to be faster.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the beginning, researchers believed that anti-retroviral drugs were causing the aging, but as research has progressed, the thinking has shifted. \"The more nuanced recognition now is that maybe some of that was from the drugs,\" says Volberding, \"but maybe some of it was because the drugs were working and patients were living longer and allowing us to see these other effects of chronic viral infection.\" Even though anti-retroviral drugs can bring the amount of virus in the body down to almost undetectable levels, there is always a tiny amount of HIV replicating inside a patient's body. And Volberding and others believe that this virus could be responsible for the sped-up aging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UCSF \u003ca href=\"http://biochemistry.ucsf.edu/labs/blackburn/aboutdrblackburn.html\" target=\"_blank\">molecular biologist Elizabeth Blackburn\u003c/a>, another member of this new group, has spent her life studying the tips of our chromosomes, called our \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telomere\" target=\"_blank\">telomeres\u003c/a> (pronounced TEAL-oh-meres), and the role they play in aging. Blackburn has found that as we age, our telomeres wear away and shorten. She has studied the telomeres in patients with heart disease and cancer, and now she wants to look at HIV patients' telomeres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-graying-of-hiv\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/the-graying-of-hiv\">Graying of HIV\u003c/a> radio report online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.755685 -122.406299\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/968/reporters-notes-the-graying-of-hiv","authors":["6186"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_89","quest_252","quest_13201","quest_1328","quest_1375","quest_1586","quest_13206","quest_3025"],"label":"quest"},"quest_821":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_821","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"821","score":null,"sort":[1221265291000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reporters-notes-beyond-alzheimers","title":"Reporter's Notes: Beyond Alzheimer's","publishDate":1221265291,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Reporter’s Notes: Beyond Alzheimer’s | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/09/radio2-47_beyondalzheimers3001.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second of two stories born out of an afternoon at \u003ca href=\"http://memory.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCSF’s Memory and Aging Center\u003c/a>, where a team of scientists, led by Dr. Bruce Miller, is trying to tease out the differences between as many as 200 dementias that affect aging brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two stories have a lot in common: Both introduce us to people who have lived with extremely difficult degenerative diseases: ALS in “\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/decoding-the-emotional-brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Decoding the Emotional Brain\u003c/a>,” and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/beyond-alzheimers\">frontotemporal dementia in this week’s story\u003c/a>. Both open up provocative questions about human nature. And neither would have happened without the generosity of a Northern California family – in this case, Cassandra Shafer, who drove down from Forestville with her daughter, Columbia, to tell me about Cassandra’s husband and Columbia’s father, Keith Jordan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these video clips, you meet Keith Jordan in the second half of his disease, after doctors at UC Davis and UCSF diagnosed him with \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/frontotemporal-dementia/DS00874\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">frontotemporal dementia\u003c/a>. The videos were taken at UCSF over the course of many hours doctors spent studying Keith and his symptoms. In them, we glimpse of two of Keith’s FTD-caused obsessions: joke telling and music. (We also see one of the first symptoms to have emerged: his Jerry Garcia hairdo.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, Keith’s behavior might strike you as more eccentric than brain-damaged, which is precisely why FTD can take so long to diagnose. If you’re a doctor with a 15-minute appointment slot, frontotemporal dementia might just look like a midlife crisis. What we don’t see in the video clips are the five heartbreaking years that Cassandra spent trying to figure out what was happening to her husband – a search that included marriage and career counseling, the full gamut of conventional western specialists, yoga, meditation, chelation therapy, replacing every household cleaning product, every pot and pan, all the way to shamanic soul retrieval and exorcism – all while his behavior grew more erratic and difficult to be around. It’s impossible to overstate the drain – both emotional and financial — that this search brought on Keith’s family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keith died in May and Cassandra is still, she says, “inching her way” out of the “foreign land” that FTD plunged her into. As unlikely as it sounds, I think she takes some comfort in the fact that Keith’s illness also gave doctors a chance to explore profound questions about human nature and the extent to which the structure of our brains determines who we are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FTD can turn Democrats into Republicans, and vice versa. People with no interest in art begin to paint obsessively. As the neurons in Keith’s right frontotemporal lobe (just behind the right eyebrow) died, his taste in music, his sense of humor, his relationships with his family members and friends changed completely. Our self, in other words, may owe much more to the way our brains are built than we’d care to acknowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what to make of the fact that this same part of the brain that shapes personality is also responsible for reading other people’s reactions? People with some forms of FTD can’t empathize with others (hear more about this in our slide show about FTD and art) or read the emotion on another person’s face. Not only do they experience radical personality changes, but they lose the ability to sense others’ reactions to them. In other words, how we define ourselves – whether we consider ourselves funny, smart, ambitious — seems to have everything to do with how others define us. We are all, in other words, people people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which begs the question: What about people raised in isolation, without the critical feedback loop of social interaction? What does FTD tell us, for example, about children who have been deeply neglected in orphanages? Or – taking another angle entirely — autistic people, who have trouble empathizing with others? What does self-perception look like in those who can’t perceive those around them?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all this is giving you a headache, you might spend some time exploring the web extras we’ve produced for these two stories. Here, Bruce Miller explains \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/artistic-renaissance-and-frontotemporal-dementia\">why frontotemporal dementia can bring with it an artistic renaissance\u003c/a>. And here, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/emotions-from-the-inside-and-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">we introduce you to Matt Cheney\u003c/a> and find out what his compulsive laughing and crying jags might reveal about emotion and the human brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then use our blog, below, to let us know what you think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/beyond-alzheimers\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/beyond-alzheimers\">Beyond Alzheimer’s\u003c/a> radio report online, and watch our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/artistic-renaissance-and-frontotemporal-dementia\">Web Extra: Dementia and Artistic Renaissance\u003c/a> slideshow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.76355 -122.458\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"This is the second of two stories born out of an afternoon at UCSF's Memory and Aging Center, where a team of scientists, led by Dr. Bruce Miller, is trying to tease out the differences between as many as 200 dementias that affect aging brains.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1684975840,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":796},"headData":{"title":"Reporter's Notes: Beyond Alzheimer's | KQED","description":"This is the second of two stories born out of an afternoon at UCSF's Memory and Aging Center, where a team of scientists, led by Dr. Bruce Miller, is trying to tease out the differences between as many as 200 dementias that affect aging brains.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Reporter's Notes: Beyond Alzheimer's","datePublished":"2008-09-13T00:21:31.000Z","dateModified":"2023-05-25T00:50:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/quest/821/reporters-notes-beyond-alzheimers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2008/09/radio2-47_beyondalzheimers3001.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second of two stories born out of an afternoon at \u003ca href=\"http://memory.ucsf.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UCSF’s Memory and Aging Center\u003c/a>, where a team of scientists, led by Dr. Bruce Miller, is trying to tease out the differences between as many as 200 dementias that affect aging brains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The two stories have a lot in common: Both introduce us to people who have lived with extremely difficult degenerative diseases: ALS in “\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/decoding-the-emotional-brain\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Decoding the Emotional Brain\u003c/a>,” and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/beyond-alzheimers\">frontotemporal dementia in this week’s story\u003c/a>. Both open up provocative questions about human nature. And neither would have happened without the generosity of a Northern California family – in this case, Cassandra Shafer, who drove down from Forestville with her daughter, Columbia, to tell me about Cassandra’s husband and Columbia’s father, Keith Jordan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In these video clips, you meet Keith Jordan in the second half of his disease, after doctors at UC Davis and UCSF diagnosed him with \u003ca href=\"http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/frontotemporal-dementia/DS00874\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">frontotemporal dementia\u003c/a>. The videos were taken at UCSF over the course of many hours doctors spent studying Keith and his symptoms. In them, we glimpse of two of Keith’s FTD-caused obsessions: joke telling and music. (We also see one of the first symptoms to have emerged: his Jerry Garcia hairdo.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first glance, Keith’s behavior might strike you as more eccentric than brain-damaged, which is precisely why FTD can take so long to diagnose. If you’re a doctor with a 15-minute appointment slot, frontotemporal dementia might just look like a midlife crisis. What we don’t see in the video clips are the five heartbreaking years that Cassandra spent trying to figure out what was happening to her husband – a search that included marriage and career counseling, the full gamut of conventional western specialists, yoga, meditation, chelation therapy, replacing every household cleaning product, every pot and pan, all the way to shamanic soul retrieval and exorcism – all while his behavior grew more erratic and difficult to be around. It’s impossible to overstate the drain – both emotional and financial — that this search brought on Keith’s family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keith died in May and Cassandra is still, she says, “inching her way” out of the “foreign land” that FTD plunged her into. As unlikely as it sounds, I think she takes some comfort in the fact that Keith’s illness also gave doctors a chance to explore profound questions about human nature and the extent to which the structure of our brains determines who we are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FTD can turn Democrats into Republicans, and vice versa. People with no interest in art begin to paint obsessively. As the neurons in Keith’s right frontotemporal lobe (just behind the right eyebrow) died, his taste in music, his sense of humor, his relationships with his family members and friends changed completely. Our self, in other words, may owe much more to the way our brains are built than we’d care to acknowledge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And what to make of the fact that this same part of the brain that shapes personality is also responsible for reading other people’s reactions? People with some forms of FTD can’t empathize with others (hear more about this in our slide show about FTD and art) or read the emotion on another person’s face. Not only do they experience radical personality changes, but they lose the ability to sense others’ reactions to them. In other words, how we define ourselves – whether we consider ourselves funny, smart, ambitious — seems to have everything to do with how others define us. We are all, in other words, people people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which begs the question: What about people raised in isolation, without the critical feedback loop of social interaction? What does FTD tell us, for example, about children who have been deeply neglected in orphanages? Or – taking another angle entirely — autistic people, who have trouble empathizing with others? What does self-perception look like in those who can’t perceive those around them?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If all this is giving you a headache, you might spend some time exploring the web extras we’ve produced for these two stories. Here, Bruce Miller explains \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/artistic-renaissance-and-frontotemporal-dementia\">why frontotemporal dementia can bring with it an artistic renaissance\u003c/a>. And here, \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/emotions-from-the-inside-and-out\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">we introduce you to Matt Cheney\u003c/a> and find out what his compulsive laughing and crying jags might reveal about emotion and the human brain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then use our blog, below, to let us know what you think.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cbr clear=\"all\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/beyond-alzheimers\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/images/radio_icon_light.gif\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/span>Listen to the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/beyond-alzheimers\">Beyond Alzheimer’s\u003c/a> radio report online, and watch our \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/artistic-renaissance-and-frontotemporal-dementia\">Web Extra: Dementia and Artistic Renaissance\u003c/a> slideshow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.76355 -122.458\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/821/reporters-notes-beyond-alzheimers","authors":["210"],"categories":["quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_134","quest_252","quest_377","quest_13201","quest_1586","quest_1788","quest_13","quest_13206","quest_3025"],"label":"quest"},"quest_17391":{"type":"posts","id":"quest_17391","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"quest","id":"17391","score":null,"sort":[1189564200000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"eat-less-live-longer","title":"Eat Less, Live Longer?","publishDate":1189564200,"format":"standard","headTitle":"QUEST | KQED Science","labelTerm":{"site":"quest"},"content":"\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"118a_longevity\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have we found the fountain of youth? Scientists are discovering ways to make animals live dramatically longer through calorie restriction -- a diet that requires eating at least 30 percent fewer calories than normal. QUEST investigates why we age and what the societal costs are for living well beyond 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Have we found the fountain of youth? Scientists are discovering ways to make animals live dramatically longer through calorie restriction -- a diet that requires eating at least 30 percent fewer calories than normal. QUEST investigates why we age and what the societal costs are for living well beyond 100.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1331684761,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":4,"wordCount":54},"headData":{"title":"Eat Less, Live Longer? | KQED","description":"Have we found the fountain of youth? Scientists are discovering ways to make animals live dramatically longer through calorie restriction -- a diet that requires eating at least 30 percent fewer calories than normal. QUEST investigates why we age and what the societal costs are for living well beyond 100.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Eat Less, Live Longer?","datePublished":"2007-09-12T02:30:00.000Z","dateModified":"2012-03-14T00:26:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"17391 http://science.kqed.org/quest/video/eat-less-live-longer/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2007/09/11/eat-less-live-longer/","disqusTitle":"Eat Less, Live Longer?","path":"/quest/17391/eat-less-live-longer","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>[jwvideo id=\"118a_longevity\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Have we found the fountain of youth? Scientists are discovering ways to make animals live dramatically longer through calorie restriction -- a diet that requires eating at least 30 percent fewer calories than normal. QUEST investigates why we age and what the societal costs are for living well beyond 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/quest/17391/eat-less-live-longer","authors":["10192","10193"],"categories":["quest_5","quest_12"],"tags":["quest_83","quest_830","quest_3351","quest_2141","quest_2349","quest_13202","quest_2893"],"label":"quest"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. 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On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. 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