How Schools Spark Excitement for Learning with Role Playing and Games
How a Sword and Sorcery Camp Uses Immersive Role Play to Teach STEAM
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Darvasi","firstName":"Paul","lastName":"Darvasi","slug":"pauldarvasi","email":"pauldarvasi@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"Paul Darvasi is an experienced educator whose research, speaking and writing explore the intersections of learning, technology, narrative and games. You can follow him on Twitter:\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/PaulDarvasi\"> @pauldarvasi\u003c/a>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/df387897a1bf0cd4b720b8175112731a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"pauldarvasi","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"mindshift","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Paul Darvasi | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/df387897a1bf0cd4b720b8175112731a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/df387897a1bf0cd4b720b8175112731a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/pauldarvasi"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"mindshift_53071":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_53071","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"53071","score":null,"sort":[1550650107000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-schools-spark-excitement-for-learning-with-role-playing-games","title":"How Schools Spark Excitement for Learning with Role Playing and Games","publishDate":1550650107,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Michael Matera’s students don’t merely learn about medieval Europe, they live it. Albeit, with a few monsters and enchanted items thrown in the mix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Milwaukee teacher’s Grade 6 history class is an ongoing role-playing game called \u003ca href=\"http://realmofnobles.com/\">Realm of Nobles\u003c/a>, where students join guilds, earn achievements, make trades and wage the occasional epic battle in an imaginary medieval kingdom. Matera has played the game for years, and maintains that the fusion of history, fantasy, narrative and role-play is an effective formula to engage students in learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The excitement and the pride in their accomplishments are all through the roof. I love seeing kids gaining real-world skills, taking risks and learning from defeat in this gamified class,” said Matera, who wrote \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Explore-Like-Pirate-Gamification-Game-Inspired/dp/0986155500\">Explore Like a Pirate: Gamification and Game-Inspired Course Design to Engage, Enrich and Elevate Your Learners\u003c/a>,\u003c/em> a manual for teachers who aspire to design their classes as games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of educators like Matera are remodeling their classes by fusing game elements to their instructional environments. But, does switching grades for experience points and homework for quests amount only to cosmetic surgery? Is school merely being “reskinned” with a new paint job without fundamentally altering the age-old classroom rituals?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Rise of the EduLARP\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of simulations and role-play in education is not a recent development. Model United Nations, historical re-enactments, mock trials and other types of dramatic simulations have been in the teacher toolbox for decades. What is new, however, is that the simulation is packaged as a game and sustained for an extended period, often spanning the entire school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular union of role-play, narrative, and game owes no small debt to \u003cem>Dungeons & Dragons\u003c/em>, the classic role-playing game (RPG) that is enjoying a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/51781/hacking-the-education-narrative-with-dungeons-dragons\">recent resurgence\u003c/a>. \u003cem>D&D\u003c/em> pioneered and popularized an array of RPG conventions that are now video game and tabletop staples, like experience points (XP), levels, loot, character classes and boss fights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-'70s some eager \u003cem>D&D\u003c/em> fans donned armor, weapons, gowns and cloaks, and transplanted RPG elements to the real world in the form of live-action role-play, or LARPs. Players stay in character as they interact and battle in elaborate adventures set in real-life forests and fields that evoke medieval fantasy. The popularity of LARPs in Scandinavia inspired a pair of Danish educators to open the \u003ca href=\"https://osterskov.dk/in-english/\">Østerskov School\u003c/a> that teaches with \u003ca href=\"https://nordiclarp.org/2015/03/04/learning-by-playing-larp-as-a-teaching-method/\">edularps\u003c/a>. Today, edularps are found in schools in Sweden, Finland and Denmark, and even some \u003ca href=\"http://www.lihighschool.org/2018/07/25/larping-with-lihigh/\">U.S. schools\u003c/a> have jumped into the fray.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OrltkfHwZ70\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sanne Harder, a game designer and educator who worked at the Østerskov School, thinks that edularps are not only a fun way to learn, but also a better way to learn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I choose to use role-play as a means of teaching, it is because it is an excellent way of organizing teaching, not because the hobby appeals to its fans,” wrote Harder. “In the 21st century, being a teacher is not about teaching pupils facts, it is about helping them internalize knowledge, skills, and competencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Lynne Bowman and Anne Standiford conducted a \u003ca href=\"http://ijrp.subcultures.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IJRP-5-Bowman-and-Standiford.pdf\">2016 mixed methods study\u003c/a> of edularps at an L.A. charter school and found that they encouraged “greater motivation, engagement, interaction with peers, collaboration, and comprehension of material,” which is promising, but the area is new and the research nascent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Choosing a Road to Victory\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edularps, and other class-as-game variants like alternate reality games (ARGs), pervasive games and gamified class, are popping up in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/37884/how-students-can-channel-the-odyssey-into-an-alternate-reality-epic\">schools\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/40025/how-games-can-be-used-to-teach-college-level-chinese\">universities\u003c/a> and even \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47914/how-a-sword-and-sorcery-camp-uses-immersive-role-play-to-teach-steam\">camps\u003c/a> across North America. While the sword-and-sorcery motif remains prevalent, some educators have diversified into themes and settings that better fit their learning goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While still a high school science teacher, University of Connecticut assistant professor Stephen Slota designed a unit-length game to teach human reproduction and sexually transmitted diseases. “The students worked in teams of three to control a character avatar in a fictitious village, and their goal was to engage in an epidemiological study of the area by investigating locales and speaking to non-player characters as enacted by the instructor,” said Slota, who edited \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Exploding-Castle-Psychological-Perspectives-Contemporary/dp/1681239353\">\u003cem>Exploding the Castle: Rethinking How Video Games & Game Mechanics Can Shape The Future Of Education\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a collection of game-based learning essays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slota has since developed half a dozen class-as-games for subjects as far-flung as education technology, Latin, psychology and biology. Matera also sets one of his games during the Cold War, and the edularps at the Østerskov School involve a wide range of themes and settings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gGbltSuAcqE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The games tend to be flexible and students are able to alter the unfolding experience through the choices they make. This freedom to shape their circumstances and the accompanying sense of agency is a big part of what engages them in learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve found — both anecdotally and in my research — that freedom to push and pull at the game’s narrative and ruleset provides students with a sense of greater personal ownership, and therefore greater depth of knowledge about content than usually accompanies schoolwork,” said Slota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matera also stresses the importance of student agency, and feels that it marks a significant departure from typical classroom dynamics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Games have clear objects, but no one set path to that victory. This is where strategy comes into play. An RPG, as with many well-designed games, allows for the players to create their own path to victory,” said Matera. “This level of customization and personalization feels different than traditional school because it is different. Students have an opportunity to create their own experience within the game. They earn badges, items and power-ups that allow them to have a unique game characters. This leads to endless strategies, trades and allegiances to help successfully make it through the Realm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houston-area teacher Kade Wells also personalizes his class by using a \u003cem>D&D\u003c/em>-style character class system. He gives his students a basic personality test and, based on the results, assigns them one of four roles designed to support classroom management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cem>Protectors\u003c/em> keep the peace and manage group outbursts; \u003cem>Initiators\u003c/em> get things ready and help to get materials, sharpen pencils and put things away; \u003cem>Diplomats\u003c/em> help group members and facilitate all processes and are ultimately responsible for the group’s behavior; \u003cem>Sages\u003c/em> keep the records, help with attendance, make sure that things are orderly and accounted for,” said Wells, who has found the class system empowers his students to self-regulate and take greater ownership of their environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s an App for That\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matera, Slota and Wells design their games from scratch, cannibalizing a pastiche of web applications, pen-and-paper elements, learning management systems, Google apps, spreadsheets and any other available tools that they can bend to their playful purposes. But teachers who don’t have the time, confidence or knowledge to dive into the DIY approach can turn to commercial software designed to help educators run their classes as games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rezzly’s \u003ca href=\"https://portal.3dgamelab.org/users/sign_in\">3D GameLab\u003c/a>, the University of Michigan’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gradecraft.com/\">GradeCraft\u003c/a>, NEXED’s \u003ca href=\"https://answerables.com/\">Answerables\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.classcraft.com/gamification/\">Classcraft\u003c/a> are gameful learning management systems that have tapped into the class-as-game zeitgeist to help educators keep track of quests, levels, experience points, badges and other game features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They will do anything for XP [experience points] and GP [gold pieces] to level up their avatar,” said Carrie Casey, a Wisconsin middle-school science teacher who uses Classcraft. “I have seen some of my students who will not hand in work — work hard to get their work in for me so they get XP and do not disappoint their team.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has also helped Casey reach some challenging students: “I have connected to them through gaming where no other teacher has connected to them that year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian teacher Justin Matheson says that his Grade 6 students loved the sword-and-sorcery motif, and he credits Classcraft’s video game qualities for fostering perseverance. “With video games, people get to a point where things become increasingly difficult and they experience repeated failure. Then, you are encouraged to try again and again, and to seek help through outside resources to find success. This is the most notable benefit that I have seen in my class. My students see difficulties as speed bumps instead of roadblocks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grafting \u003cem>Dungeons & Dragons\u003c/em>-style RPG elements to classrooms can have an effect that delves much deeper than mere optics. Games and classes are both systems that operate with rules. When the rules that typically govern the class are hacked by the rules of the game, a fundamental shift can take place. Games offer a valuable palette of functions and features that can be creatively repurposed to rewrite some of education’s more problematic operations. Educators who are not satisfied with business as usual can tap into the power of play and design the change they want to see.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Game savvy teachers are giving kids the ability to play in teams and set out for conquests through role-playing games. Through the gameplay, kids create meaningful learning experiences with another, both socially and academically. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1550650426,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1553},"headData":{"title":"How Schools Spark Excitement for Learning with Role Playing and Games | KQED","description":"Game savvy teachers are giving kids the ability to play in teams and set out for conquests through role-playing games. Through the gameplay, kids create meaningful learning experiences with another, both socially and academically. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Schools Spark Excitement for Learning with Role Playing and Games","datePublished":"2019-02-20T08:08:27.000Z","dateModified":"2019-02-20T08:13:46.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"53071 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=53071","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2019/02/20/how-schools-spark-excitement-for-learning-with-role-playing-games/","disqusTitle":"How Schools Spark Excitement for Learning with Role Playing and Games","path":"/mindshift/53071/how-schools-spark-excitement-for-learning-with-role-playing-games","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Michael Matera’s students don’t merely learn about medieval Europe, they live it. Albeit, with a few monsters and enchanted items thrown in the mix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Milwaukee teacher’s Grade 6 history class is an ongoing role-playing game called \u003ca href=\"http://realmofnobles.com/\">Realm of Nobles\u003c/a>, where students join guilds, earn achievements, make trades and wage the occasional epic battle in an imaginary medieval kingdom. Matera has played the game for years, and maintains that the fusion of history, fantasy, narrative and role-play is an effective formula to engage students in learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The excitement and the pride in their accomplishments are all through the roof. I love seeing kids gaining real-world skills, taking risks and learning from defeat in this gamified class,” said Matera, who wrote \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Explore-Like-Pirate-Gamification-Game-Inspired/dp/0986155500\">Explore Like a Pirate: Gamification and Game-Inspired Course Design to Engage, Enrich and Elevate Your Learners\u003c/a>,\u003c/em> a manual for teachers who aspire to design their classes as games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of educators like Matera are remodeling their classes by fusing game elements to their instructional environments. But, does switching grades for experience points and homework for quests amount only to cosmetic surgery? Is school merely being “reskinned” with a new paint job without fundamentally altering the age-old classroom rituals?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Rise of the EduLARP\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The use of simulations and role-play in education is not a recent development. Model United Nations, historical re-enactments, mock trials and other types of dramatic simulations have been in the teacher toolbox for decades. What is new, however, is that the simulation is packaged as a game and sustained for an extended period, often spanning the entire school year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular union of role-play, narrative, and game owes no small debt to \u003cem>Dungeons & Dragons\u003c/em>, the classic role-playing game (RPG) that is enjoying a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/51781/hacking-the-education-narrative-with-dungeons-dragons\">recent resurgence\u003c/a>. \u003cem>D&D\u003c/em> pioneered and popularized an array of RPG conventions that are now video game and tabletop staples, like experience points (XP), levels, loot, character classes and boss fights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mid-'70s some eager \u003cem>D&D\u003c/em> fans donned armor, weapons, gowns and cloaks, and transplanted RPG elements to the real world in the form of live-action role-play, or LARPs. Players stay in character as they interact and battle in elaborate adventures set in real-life forests and fields that evoke medieval fantasy. The popularity of LARPs in Scandinavia inspired a pair of Danish educators to open the \u003ca href=\"https://osterskov.dk/in-english/\">Østerskov School\u003c/a> that teaches with \u003ca href=\"https://nordiclarp.org/2015/03/04/learning-by-playing-larp-as-a-teaching-method/\">edularps\u003c/a>. Today, edularps are found in schools in Sweden, Finland and Denmark, and even some \u003ca href=\"http://www.lihighschool.org/2018/07/25/larping-with-lihigh/\">U.S. schools\u003c/a> have jumped into the fray.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/OrltkfHwZ70'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/OrltkfHwZ70'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Sanne Harder, a game designer and educator who worked at the Østerskov School, thinks that edularps are not only a fun way to learn, but also a better way to learn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I choose to use role-play as a means of teaching, it is because it is an excellent way of organizing teaching, not because the hobby appeals to its fans,” wrote Harder. “In the 21st century, being a teacher is not about teaching pupils facts, it is about helping them internalize knowledge, skills, and competencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Lynne Bowman and Anne Standiford conducted a \u003ca href=\"http://ijrp.subcultures.nl/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/IJRP-5-Bowman-and-Standiford.pdf\">2016 mixed methods study\u003c/a> of edularps at an L.A. charter school and found that they encouraged “greater motivation, engagement, interaction with peers, collaboration, and comprehension of material,” which is promising, but the area is new and the research nascent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Choosing a Road to Victory\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edularps, and other class-as-game variants like alternate reality games (ARGs), pervasive games and gamified class, are popping up in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/37884/how-students-can-channel-the-odyssey-into-an-alternate-reality-epic\">schools\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/40025/how-games-can-be-used-to-teach-college-level-chinese\">universities\u003c/a> and even \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47914/how-a-sword-and-sorcery-camp-uses-immersive-role-play-to-teach-steam\">camps\u003c/a> across North America. While the sword-and-sorcery motif remains prevalent, some educators have diversified into themes and settings that better fit their learning goals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While still a high school science teacher, University of Connecticut assistant professor Stephen Slota designed a unit-length game to teach human reproduction and sexually transmitted diseases. “The students worked in teams of three to control a character avatar in a fictitious village, and their goal was to engage in an epidemiological study of the area by investigating locales and speaking to non-player characters as enacted by the instructor,” said Slota, who edited \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Exploding-Castle-Psychological-Perspectives-Contemporary/dp/1681239353\">\u003cem>Exploding the Castle: Rethinking How Video Games & Game Mechanics Can Shape The Future Of Education\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a collection of game-based learning essays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Slota has since developed half a dozen class-as-games for subjects as far-flung as education technology, Latin, psychology and biology. Matera also sets one of his games during the Cold War, and the edularps at the Østerskov School involve a wide range of themes and settings.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/gGbltSuAcqE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/gGbltSuAcqE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The games tend to be flexible and students are able to alter the unfolding experience through the choices they make. This freedom to shape their circumstances and the accompanying sense of agency is a big part of what engages them in learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve found — both anecdotally and in my research — that freedom to push and pull at the game’s narrative and ruleset provides students with a sense of greater personal ownership, and therefore greater depth of knowledge about content than usually accompanies schoolwork,” said Slota.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matera also stresses the importance of student agency, and feels that it marks a significant departure from typical classroom dynamics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Games have clear objects, but no one set path to that victory. This is where strategy comes into play. An RPG, as with many well-designed games, allows for the players to create their own path to victory,” said Matera. “This level of customization and personalization feels different than traditional school because it is different. Students have an opportunity to create their own experience within the game. They earn badges, items and power-ups that allow them to have a unique game characters. This leads to endless strategies, trades and allegiances to help successfully make it through the Realm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Houston-area teacher Kade Wells also personalizes his class by using a \u003cem>D&D\u003c/em>-style character class system. He gives his students a basic personality test and, based on the results, assigns them one of four roles designed to support classroom management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003cem>Protectors\u003c/em> keep the peace and manage group outbursts; \u003cem>Initiators\u003c/em> get things ready and help to get materials, sharpen pencils and put things away; \u003cem>Diplomats\u003c/em> help group members and facilitate all processes and are ultimately responsible for the group’s behavior; \u003cem>Sages\u003c/em> keep the records, help with attendance, make sure that things are orderly and accounted for,” said Wells, who has found the class system empowers his students to self-regulate and take greater ownership of their environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s an App for That\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matera, Slota and Wells design their games from scratch, cannibalizing a pastiche of web applications, pen-and-paper elements, learning management systems, Google apps, spreadsheets and any other available tools that they can bend to their playful purposes. But teachers who don’t have the time, confidence or knowledge to dive into the DIY approach can turn to commercial software designed to help educators run their classes as games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rezzly’s \u003ca href=\"https://portal.3dgamelab.org/users/sign_in\">3D GameLab\u003c/a>, the University of Michigan’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gradecraft.com/\">GradeCraft\u003c/a>, NEXED’s \u003ca href=\"https://answerables.com/\">Answerables\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.classcraft.com/gamification/\">Classcraft\u003c/a> are gameful learning management systems that have tapped into the class-as-game zeitgeist to help educators keep track of quests, levels, experience points, badges and other game features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They will do anything for XP [experience points] and GP [gold pieces] to level up their avatar,” said Carrie Casey, a Wisconsin middle-school science teacher who uses Classcraft. “I have seen some of my students who will not hand in work — work hard to get their work in for me so they get XP and do not disappoint their team.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It has also helped Casey reach some challenging students: “I have connected to them through gaming where no other teacher has connected to them that year.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Canadian teacher Justin Matheson says that his Grade 6 students loved the sword-and-sorcery motif, and he credits Classcraft’s video game qualities for fostering perseverance. “With video games, people get to a point where things become increasingly difficult and they experience repeated failure. Then, you are encouraged to try again and again, and to seek help through outside resources to find success. This is the most notable benefit that I have seen in my class. My students see difficulties as speed bumps instead of roadblocks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grafting \u003cem>Dungeons & Dragons\u003c/em>-style RPG elements to classrooms can have an effect that delves much deeper than mere optics. Games and classes are both systems that operate with rules. When the rules that typically govern the class are hacked by the rules of the game, a fundamental shift can take place. Games offer a valuable palette of functions and features that can be creatively repurposed to rewrite some of education’s more problematic operations. Educators who are not satisfied with business as usual can tap into the power of play and design the change they want to see.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/53071/how-schools-spark-excitement-for-learning-with-role-playing-games","authors":["11107"],"categories":["mindshift_192","mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_20711","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_548","mindshift_478","mindshift_21084","mindshift_20774","mindshift_943","mindshift_20931"],"featImg":"mindshift_53085","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_47914":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_47914","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"47914","score":null,"sort":[1491484076000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-a-sword-and-sorcery-camp-uses-immersive-role-play-to-teach-steam","title":"How a Sword and Sorcery Camp Uses Immersive Role Play to Teach STEAM","publishDate":1491484076,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>The scene is right out of a survival horror movie. A yellow school bus unloads a group of eager young campers, ready to meet their counselors and settle in for some summer camp fun. Instead, they are greeted by a horde of groaning zombies advancing at them from an open field. The staff frantically hand out three foam Nerf darts to each incredulous camper and suggest they start running. The rest of the day is spent hiding and defending in a desperate bid to evade the droves of undead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours later, the bus is back to gather the exhilarated survivors. But it’s not over yet. Before they board, a jeep pulls up and a suited man jumps out and opens a briefcase filled with more foam darts. He distributes them liberally, along with plain business cards printed with the name “INGSOC.” As abruptly as he arrived, he speeds off in a cloud of dust, leaving a pack of mystified campers in his wake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the many schemes cooked up by Meghan Gardner and her team at \u003ca href=\"http://guardup.com/\">Guard Up\u003c/a> to engage students in learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspired by an elixir of live-action role playing (LARP), video games, and choose-your-own-adventure-style bedtime stories she had dreamed up for her daughters, Gardner envisioned a program where learning occurred within self-determined narrative adventures. After participating in a LARP, she thought “Why not kids instead of adults? Rather than learning an invented language, why not Latin? Instead of alchemy, why not chemistry?” Gardner hired a group of teachers with live role-play experience and launched a series of day and overnight camps that operate with what she terms “story-based education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/Br-b4VdGqlk\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guard Up opened a full-time facility in Burlington, Massachusetts, in 2001. The company offered weekly \u003ca href=\"http://www.guardup.com/\">classes in fencing and swordsmanship\u003c/a> for all ages, as well as story-based educational adventures. Guard Up then launched educational summer camps that eventually became the largest part of the company. Despite being unplugged and device free, much of the adventures play out like a story-rich video game. Gardner’s background in anthropology, film, martial arts and fencing (she even taught a course in underwater defense with Navy SEAL trainers), as well as a passion for storytelling, explains her interest in both sword play and using stories to educate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camp included narrative elements from the very beginning, but became more deliberately educational in 2010. Today, campers can choose to survive a post-apocalyptic adventure in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.zombiesummercamp.com/\">Zombie STEM Summer Camp\u003c/a> or journey to the fantasy world of Sidleterra in \u003ca href=\"http://www.swordsummercamp.com/\">Wizards & Warriors STEM Camp\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how does education take place when running from zombies and battling 9-foot witch kings?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Applying Learning in a Real-World Fiction\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immersive narratives and embodied actions combine to engage players in a range of learning. Campers can play in story worlds drawn from literature, mythology and history. The name “INGSOC” that was printed on the business cards may seem familiar because it is the political ideology from George Orwell’s dark classic, \u003cem>1984\u003c/em>. Gardner remembered one resourceful young camper who went home and immediately researched the name on the internet. Within minutes of discovering the source he was out the door and on his way to check out a copy of the novel from the local library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The next day at camp, a huge group of kids, holding their Nerf blasters, surrounded this one boy who was reading out of \u003cem>1984,\u003c/em>\" said Gardner. “He reads about INGSOC and says ‘Guys! We can’t be friends with them … but we can infiltrate them.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This illustrates how an informal, story-driven environment can motivate students to take ownership of their learning. Similarly, when the players encounter Latin spells and scrolls, they are driven to learn and decode the classical language. Schools and libraries become resources to help students make sense of an unfolding narrative, solve problems and take action inside the game. Gardner feels that one of Guard Up’s biggest accomplishments is having students use school as a resource to practically apply abstract knowledge. She believes that by giving students greater agency, they will better transfer and accommodate learning into their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research supports the approach. \u003ca href=\"http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-55022013000100012\">A study\u003c/a> conducted with medical undergraduate students in Brazil found that using a cooperative role-play environment to teach cellular biology was preferred by the participants and produced equal or higher retention than traditional lecture-style classes. The researchers state that “by telling a story in which everyone takes part, there is greater student interaction and, as a consequence, we may expect better performance in their construction of knowledge.” Rather than one-way teacher transmission, knowledge is co-created by the students, which may lead to better long-term absorption of the material.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vy_ZAIx66ig&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Computer Game Without Computers \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each summer, dystopic works of literature like \u003cem>Animal Farm\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Island of Dr. Moreau\u003c/em> or \u003cem>I Am Legend\u003c/em> are creatively adapted to structure the zombie apocalypse. The texts are not used in a wholesale linear fashion, but act as general guides to help inform an emerging story. Gardner aims for campers to be the masters of their own destiny, and the decisions they make alter and redirect the plot at every turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I first arrived I thought it would be people running around and hitting each other, but it’s not. It’s about reacting to the consequences of your actions and the responsibility that comes with it,” said one 13-year-old camper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We go where they want to go in our story. We give the learner the agency and autonomy to control their own outcome,” said Gardner. “There’s a lot of improv, but improv with some guidelines.” The affordance to play in a responsive environment is key to engaging players in video games, but Gardner exports the method off the screen and into the real world. “In this age of technology, so few kids are unplugged and playing pretend. We are a computer game without the computers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping up with players without the magic of lightning-fast processors can be an epic challenge. At any given time, the staff will build props and costumes, apply makeup, play a host of characters, and maintain constant radio contact with mission control, where maps and figurines are used to orchestrate the unfolding adventure. Every night, the team gathers to alter and tweak the story, and to make all necessary preparations for the next day. To help with the demanding task, they maintain a database of easily deployable “pocket plots” or modular story fragments that can be inserted to respond to the players’ unscripted decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Media scholar Dr. Henry Jenkins terms these “micronarratives” and \u003ca href=\"http://web.mit.edu/21fms/People/henry3/games&narrative.html\">identifies them as a prevalent storytelling feature\u003c/a> in popular video games. The technique lets players enjoy the freedom and agency of self-expression, while still loosely following a larger story arc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certain plot points are fixed whereas other moments can be expanded or contracted in response to audience feedback without serious consequences to the overall plot,” wrote Jenkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Heroic Journey to Intercultural Understanding\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the Wizards & Warriors Camp emphasizes STEM learning, campers also benefit from a healthy exposure to global cultures. The camp sidesteps standard \u003cem>Lord of the Rings-\u003c/em>style fantasy plots in favor of storylines drawn from world mythology and indigenous oral histories. The narratives are woven together according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/458496650/the-heros-journey\">hero’s journey\u003c/a>, a recurrent narrative pattern that mythologist Joseph Campbell identified as common to all cultures. Notably, the universal but episodic structure of the hero’s journey is often applied as a flexible template for storytelling in video games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47931\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-47931 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-1020x1440.jpg\" alt=\"Arawak educational consultant, Claudia Fox Tree, standing next to Opiyel, the three legged dog who guards the Arawak afterlife. The Opiyel costume was made by Marin Gardner, Costume Designer at Guard Up.\" width=\"640\" height=\"904\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-1020x1440.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-160x226.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-800x1130.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-768x1084.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-1180x1666.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-960x1355.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-240x339.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-375x529.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-520x734.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For a session on Arawak culture, Guard Up worked with educational consultant Claudia Fox Tree (right) who helped staff develop Opiyel, the three-legged dog who guards the Arawak afterlife. Guard Up costume designer Marin Gardner made the Opiyel costume. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meghan Gardner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Camp policy dictates that a non-Eurocentric culture be used every other year, so in addition to the tales of the Romans, Celts and Norse, they include Japanese myths and indigenous oral histories. To treat these traditions with sensitivity and avoid the pitfalls of cultural appropriation, Guard Up contracts consultants to guide and advise them every step of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This year, we chose both the Abenaki and Arawak tribes to explore because they were very different from each other in location,” said Gardner. “We had Claudia Fox Tree, a local Arawak educator, counsel us on the story, props and regalia, and enlisted the help of Jim Bruchac, Abenaki educator and author from the Ndakinna Education Center in upstate New York.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gardner affirmed that indigenous people do not consider their stories myths -- they are a collective history transmitted by oral tradition. Similarly, the indigenous vestments are not costumes but regalia, as they are not disguises but a genuine expression of culture and tradition. These efforts toward sensitive representation are transmitted to the campers, fostering a mindset to more respectfully encounter other cultures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UNESCO advocates for including intercultural understanding in curricula to encourage a sense of global citizenship in an increasingly connected world. \u003ca href=\"http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001890/189051E.pdf\">A 2010 UNESCO report\u003c/a> states that “respect for cultural diversity falls within the social dimension of peace, equality and human rights, underpinned by the cultural context, within and through which learning occurs, and which forms the basis for inter-linkages between the various sustainability dimensions (i.e., socio-political, environmental and economic).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sensitive exposure to other cultures adds an ethical dimension to the experience, reinforced by the camp’s emphasis on compassion, courage and honor as the highest virtues to which the young heroes should aspire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sneaky STEM: Designing Spells with Physics\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beneath the realm of sword and sorcery lies a foundation of hard science. Heroes begin their journey by affiliating themselves with one of several guilds, each offering instruction in a different branch of science. Chemistry is learned to brew potions in the Mages’ Guild, while members of the Healers’ Guild become versed in the rudiments of biology and first aid. “To get first-level spells, mages have to learn basic physics which they then use to cast them,” explained Gardner. “We have 7-year-olds running around the camp reciting Newton’s Laws of Physics.” As players progress they can design and teach their own spells as long as they can scientifically defend them before a Board of Mages. Teachers and education graduate students are hired by the camp to sit on the guild boards, be camp counselors and also develop the camp’s curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/o6dyj1-OLDs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientific knowledge helps the heroes prevail, so they are motivated to research, consult with their teachers and librarians, and master the content to ensure that their spells don’t backfire. Gardner calls the approach “sneaky STEM” and laughs with equal mischief and delight when she speaks about the campers learning “subversively.” The informal environment of a camp grants the freedom to experiment in a way that might be challenging in formal school settings. “Standardized tests limit a teachers’ ability to creatively engage the student,” said Gardner. “I don’t know how many times I’ve heard teachers complain that they have to teach to the test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Intergenerational and Inclusive\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the constant menace of monsters and zombies, testimonials from the intergenerational campers repeatedly express a sense of acceptance, inclusion and belonging. The camp brings together a range of ages from 7 years old and upward, but unlike the age silos in schools, all age groups interact in an atmosphere of collaboration and mentorship. Like more traditional summer camps, older campers can become CITs, which is when they get to wear the monster costumes. Although the camp was about 70 percent boys at its inception, Guard Up has formed partnerships, offered scholarships, and targeted promotion to substantially increase its female population. “The counselors make a big effort to not differentiate between genders, “said one 16-year-old camper. “They refer to everyone as heroes. No one cares -- just be you.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Role playing stories helps kids experience learning on a deeper level by tapping into their creativity, agency and sense of discovery. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1491484076,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":2091},"headData":{"title":"How a Sword and Sorcery Camp Uses Immersive Role Play to Teach STEAM | KQED","description":"Role playing stories helps kids experience learning on a deeper level by tapping into their creativity, agency and sense of discovery. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How a Sword and Sorcery Camp Uses Immersive Role Play to Teach STEAM","datePublished":"2017-04-06T13:07:56.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-06T13:07:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"47914 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=47914","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/04/06/how-a-sword-and-sorcery-camp-uses-immersive-role-play-to-teach-steam/","disqusTitle":"How a Sword and Sorcery Camp Uses Immersive Role Play to Teach STEAM","path":"/mindshift/47914/how-a-sword-and-sorcery-camp-uses-immersive-role-play-to-teach-steam","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The scene is right out of a survival horror movie. A yellow school bus unloads a group of eager young campers, ready to meet their counselors and settle in for some summer camp fun. Instead, they are greeted by a horde of groaning zombies advancing at them from an open field. The staff frantically hand out three foam Nerf darts to each incredulous camper and suggest they start running. The rest of the day is spent hiding and defending in a desperate bid to evade the droves of undead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours later, the bus is back to gather the exhilarated survivors. But it’s not over yet. Before they board, a jeep pulls up and a suited man jumps out and opens a briefcase filled with more foam darts. He distributes them liberally, along with plain business cards printed with the name “INGSOC.” As abruptly as he arrived, he speeds off in a cloud of dust, leaving a pack of mystified campers in his wake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is one of the many schemes cooked up by Meghan Gardner and her team at \u003ca href=\"http://guardup.com/\">Guard Up\u003c/a> to engage students in learning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inspired by an elixir of live-action role playing (LARP), video games, and choose-your-own-adventure-style bedtime stories she had dreamed up for her daughters, Gardner envisioned a program where learning occurred within self-determined narrative adventures. After participating in a LARP, she thought “Why not kids instead of adults? Rather than learning an invented language, why not Latin? Instead of alchemy, why not chemistry?” Gardner hired a group of teachers with live role-play experience and launched a series of day and overnight camps that operate with what she terms “story-based education.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Br-b4VdGqlk'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Br-b4VdGqlk'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guard Up opened a full-time facility in Burlington, Massachusetts, in 2001. The company offered weekly \u003ca href=\"http://www.guardup.com/\">classes in fencing and swordsmanship\u003c/a> for all ages, as well as story-based educational adventures. Guard Up then launched educational summer camps that eventually became the largest part of the company. Despite being unplugged and device free, much of the adventures play out like a story-rich video game. Gardner’s background in anthropology, film, martial arts and fencing (she even taught a course in underwater defense with Navy SEAL trainers), as well as a passion for storytelling, explains her interest in both sword play and using stories to educate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camp included narrative elements from the very beginning, but became more deliberately educational in 2010. Today, campers can choose to survive a post-apocalyptic adventure in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.zombiesummercamp.com/\">Zombie STEM Summer Camp\u003c/a> or journey to the fantasy world of Sidleterra in \u003ca href=\"http://www.swordsummercamp.com/\">Wizards & Warriors STEM Camp\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how does education take place when running from zombies and battling 9-foot witch kings?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Applying Learning in a Real-World Fiction\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immersive narratives and embodied actions combine to engage players in a range of learning. Campers can play in story worlds drawn from literature, mythology and history. The name “INGSOC” that was printed on the business cards may seem familiar because it is the political ideology from George Orwell’s dark classic, \u003cem>1984\u003c/em>. Gardner remembered one resourceful young camper who went home and immediately researched the name on the internet. Within minutes of discovering the source he was out the door and on his way to check out a copy of the novel from the local library.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The next day at camp, a huge group of kids, holding their Nerf blasters, surrounded this one boy who was reading out of \u003cem>1984,\u003c/em>\" said Gardner. “He reads about INGSOC and says ‘Guys! We can’t be friends with them … but we can infiltrate them.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This illustrates how an informal, story-driven environment can motivate students to take ownership of their learning. Similarly, when the players encounter Latin spells and scrolls, they are driven to learn and decode the classical language. Schools and libraries become resources to help students make sense of an unfolding narrative, solve problems and take action inside the game. Gardner feels that one of Guard Up’s biggest accomplishments is having students use school as a resource to practically apply abstract knowledge. She believes that by giving students greater agency, they will better transfer and accommodate learning into their lives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Research supports the approach. \u003ca href=\"http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-55022013000100012\">A study\u003c/a> conducted with medical undergraduate students in Brazil found that using a cooperative role-play environment to teach cellular biology was preferred by the participants and produced equal or higher retention than traditional lecture-style classes. The researchers state that “by telling a story in which everyone takes part, there is greater student interaction and, as a consequence, we may expect better performance in their construction of knowledge.” Rather than one-way teacher transmission, knowledge is co-created by the students, which may lead to better long-term absorption of the material.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/vy_ZAIx66ig'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/vy_ZAIx66ig'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Computer Game Without Computers \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each summer, dystopic works of literature like \u003cem>Animal Farm\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Island of Dr. Moreau\u003c/em> or \u003cem>I Am Legend\u003c/em> are creatively adapted to structure the zombie apocalypse. The texts are not used in a wholesale linear fashion, but act as general guides to help inform an emerging story. Gardner aims for campers to be the masters of their own destiny, and the decisions they make alter and redirect the plot at every turn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I first arrived I thought it would be people running around and hitting each other, but it’s not. It’s about reacting to the consequences of your actions and the responsibility that comes with it,” said one 13-year-old camper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We go where they want to go in our story. We give the learner the agency and autonomy to control their own outcome,” said Gardner. “There’s a lot of improv, but improv with some guidelines.” The affordance to play in a responsive environment is key to engaging players in video games, but Gardner exports the method off the screen and into the real world. “In this age of technology, so few kids are unplugged and playing pretend. We are a computer game without the computers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeping up with players without the magic of lightning-fast processors can be an epic challenge. At any given time, the staff will build props and costumes, apply makeup, play a host of characters, and maintain constant radio contact with mission control, where maps and figurines are used to orchestrate the unfolding adventure. Every night, the team gathers to alter and tweak the story, and to make all necessary preparations for the next day. To help with the demanding task, they maintain a database of easily deployable “pocket plots” or modular story fragments that can be inserted to respond to the players’ unscripted decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Media scholar Dr. Henry Jenkins terms these “micronarratives” and \u003ca href=\"http://web.mit.edu/21fms/People/henry3/games&narrative.html\">identifies them as a prevalent storytelling feature\u003c/a> in popular video games. The technique lets players enjoy the freedom and agency of self-expression, while still loosely following a larger story arc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certain plot points are fixed whereas other moments can be expanded or contracted in response to audience feedback without serious consequences to the overall plot,” wrote Jenkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Heroic Journey to Intercultural Understanding\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the Wizards & Warriors Camp emphasizes STEM learning, campers also benefit from a healthy exposure to global cultures. The camp sidesteps standard \u003cem>Lord of the Rings-\u003c/em>style fantasy plots in favor of storylines drawn from world mythology and indigenous oral histories. The narratives are woven together according to the \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/458496650/the-heros-journey\">hero’s journey\u003c/a>, a recurrent narrative pattern that mythologist Joseph Campbell identified as common to all cultures. Notably, the universal but episodic structure of the hero’s journey is often applied as a flexible template for storytelling in video games.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_47931\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-47931 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-1020x1440.jpg\" alt=\"Arawak educational consultant, Claudia Fox Tree, standing next to Opiyel, the three legged dog who guards the Arawak afterlife. The Opiyel costume was made by Marin Gardner, Costume Designer at Guard Up.\" width=\"640\" height=\"904\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-1020x1440.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-160x226.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-800x1130.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-768x1084.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-1180x1666.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-960x1355.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-240x339.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-375x529.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/04/Arawak-Nation7-520x734.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">For a session on Arawak culture, Guard Up worked with educational consultant Claudia Fox Tree (right) who helped staff develop Opiyel, the three-legged dog who guards the Arawak afterlife. Guard Up costume designer Marin Gardner made the Opiyel costume. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Meghan Gardner)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Camp policy dictates that a non-Eurocentric culture be used every other year, so in addition to the tales of the Romans, Celts and Norse, they include Japanese myths and indigenous oral histories. To treat these traditions with sensitivity and avoid the pitfalls of cultural appropriation, Guard Up contracts consultants to guide and advise them every step of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This year, we chose both the Abenaki and Arawak tribes to explore because they were very different from each other in location,” said Gardner. “We had Claudia Fox Tree, a local Arawak educator, counsel us on the story, props and regalia, and enlisted the help of Jim Bruchac, Abenaki educator and author from the Ndakinna Education Center in upstate New York.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gardner affirmed that indigenous people do not consider their stories myths -- they are a collective history transmitted by oral tradition. Similarly, the indigenous vestments are not costumes but regalia, as they are not disguises but a genuine expression of culture and tradition. These efforts toward sensitive representation are transmitted to the campers, fostering a mindset to more respectfully encounter other cultures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UNESCO advocates for including intercultural understanding in curricula to encourage a sense of global citizenship in an increasingly connected world. \u003ca href=\"http://unesdoc.unesco.org/images/0018/001890/189051E.pdf\">A 2010 UNESCO report\u003c/a> states that “respect for cultural diversity falls within the social dimension of peace, equality and human rights, underpinned by the cultural context, within and through which learning occurs, and which forms the basis for inter-linkages between the various sustainability dimensions (i.e., socio-political, environmental and economic).”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A sensitive exposure to other cultures adds an ethical dimension to the experience, reinforced by the camp’s emphasis on compassion, courage and honor as the highest virtues to which the young heroes should aspire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sneaky STEM: Designing Spells with Physics\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beneath the realm of sword and sorcery lies a foundation of hard science. Heroes begin their journey by affiliating themselves with one of several guilds, each offering instruction in a different branch of science. Chemistry is learned to brew potions in the Mages’ Guild, while members of the Healers’ Guild become versed in the rudiments of biology and first aid. “To get first-level spells, mages have to learn basic physics which they then use to cast them,” explained Gardner. “We have 7-year-olds running around the camp reciting Newton’s Laws of Physics.” As players progress they can design and teach their own spells as long as they can scientifically defend them before a Board of Mages. Teachers and education graduate students are hired by the camp to sit on the guild boards, be camp counselors and also develop the camp’s curriculum.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/o6dyj1-OLDs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/o6dyj1-OLDs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Scientific knowledge helps the heroes prevail, so they are motivated to research, consult with their teachers and librarians, and master the content to ensure that their spells don’t backfire. Gardner calls the approach “sneaky STEM” and laughs with equal mischief and delight when she speaks about the campers learning “subversively.” The informal environment of a camp grants the freedom to experiment in a way that might be challenging in formal school settings. “Standardized tests limit a teachers’ ability to creatively engage the student,” said Gardner. “I don’t know how many times I’ve heard teachers complain that they have to teach to the test.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Intergenerational and Inclusive\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the constant menace of monsters and zombies, testimonials from the intergenerational campers repeatedly express a sense of acceptance, inclusion and belonging. The camp brings together a range of ages from 7 years old and upward, but unlike the age silos in schools, all age groups interact in an atmosphere of collaboration and mentorship. Like more traditional summer camps, older campers can become CITs, which is when they get to wear the monster costumes. Although the camp was about 70 percent boys at its inception, Guard Up has formed partnerships, offered scholarships, and targeted promotion to substantially increase its female population. “The counselors make a big effort to not differentiate between genders, “said one 16-year-old camper. “They refer to everyone as heroes. No one cares -- just be you.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/47914/how-a-sword-and-sorcery-camp-uses-immersive-role-play-to-teach-steam","authors":["11107"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_20711","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_21084","mindshift_20774","mindshift_47","mindshift_21083"],"featImg":"mindshift_47933","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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