Demystifying Copyright for Teachers and Students
So your tween wants a smartphone? Read this first
7 Edtech tools to connect students to a global community
How Parents Can Model Better Screen Time Behavior for Their Kids
How to Teach Students Historical Inquiry Through Media Literacy And Critical Thinking
How to Help Kids Manage Sleep, Schoolwork and Screens
Critical Thinking Skills to Help Students Better Evaluate Scientific Claims
Making Media Literacy Central to Digital Citizenship
To Keep Teens Safe Online, They Need To Learn To Manage Risk
window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={"attachmentsReducer":{"audio_0":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_0","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"}}},"audio_1":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_1","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"}}},"audio_2":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_2","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"}}},"audio_3":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_3","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"}}},"audio_4":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_4","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"}}},"placeholder":{"type":"attachments","id":"placeholder","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-160x96.jpg","width":160,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-800x478.jpg","width":800,"height":478,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1020x610.jpg","width":1020,"height":610,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1920x1148.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1180x705.jpg","width":1180,"height":705,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-960x574.jpg","width":960,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-240x143.jpg","width":240,"height":143,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-375x224.jpg","width":375,"height":224,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-520x311.jpg","width":520,"height":311,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1180x705.jpg","width":1180,"height":705,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1920x1148.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-e1514998105161.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148}}},"mindshift_62987":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_62987","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"62987","found":true},"title":"Concept of new creative ideas.","publishDate":1705601632,"status":"inherit","parent":62986,"modified":1705704609,"caption":null,"credit":"iStock/SvetaZi","altTag":"Running inventor with light bulb, art collage.","description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-800x597.jpg","width":800,"height":597,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-1020x761.jpg","width":1020,"height":761,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-160x119.jpg","width":160,"height":119,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-768x573.jpg","width":768,"height":573,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-1536x1145.jpg","width":1536,"height":1145,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-1920x1432.jpg","width":1920,"height":1432,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2024/01/idea-and-copyright-e1705601730811.jpg","width":1920,"height":1432}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_62005":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_62005","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"62005","found":true},"title":null,"publishDate":1689280723,"status":"inherit","parent":62004,"modified":1689280978,"caption":"Are smartphones safe for tweens? Parents should be aware of the risks, a screen consultant advises.","credit":"Elva Etienne/Getty Images","altTag":null,"description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-800x600.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-1020x765.jpg","width":1020,"height":765,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-160x120.jpg","width":160,"height":120,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-768x576.jpg","width":768,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-1536x1152.jpg","width":1536,"height":1152,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2023/07/gettyimages-1213627011-0c3036a51fc6e5e40a4f923d12b38332a41eafb3.jpg","width":1883,"height":1412}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_60234":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_60234","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"60234","found":true},"title":"Girl with laptop videoconference","publishDate":1668026875,"status":"inherit","parent":60090,"modified":1668027134,"caption":"Girl with laptop videoconference friends or team","credit":"Tasha Art/istock","altTag":"Girl with laptop connects with others either on video call or other technology","description":null,"imgSizes":{"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-800x415.jpg","width":800,"height":415,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-1020x529.jpg","width":1020,"height":529,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-160x83.jpg","width":160,"height":83,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-768x398.jpg","width":768,"height":398,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"1536x1536":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-1536x797.jpg","width":1536,"height":797,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"2048x2048":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-2048x1062.jpg","width":2048,"height":1062,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-1920x996.jpg","width":1920,"height":996,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/edtech-to-connect-e1668026946828.jpg","width":1920,"height":996}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_53993":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_53993","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"53993","found":true},"title":"Parents on their phones.","publishDate":1563775878,"status":"inherit","parent":53992,"modified":1563776037,"caption":"Parents on their phones.","credit":"Katherine Streeter for NPR","description":"Parents on their phones.","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-160x90.jpe","width":160,"height":90,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-800x450.jpe","width":800,"height":450,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-768x432.jpe","width":768,"height":432,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-1020x574.jpe","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-1200x675.jpe","width":1200,"height":675,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-672x372.jpe","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-1038x576.jpe","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-1920x1080.jpe","width":1920,"height":1080,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/07/finalnew_wide-2fce0981296cf5599cc43a2cb46fb83057fc0880-e1563776015283.jpe","width":1920,"height":1080}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_53126":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_53126","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"53126","found":true},"title":"35668542774_02bad78153_k","publishDate":1551132168,"status":"inherit","parent":53123,"modified":1551132248,"caption":"Students work together on a computer.","credit":"Courtesy of Allison Shelley/\u003ca href=\"https://www.flickr.com/photos/all4ed/35668542774/\">The Verbatim Agency for American Education: Images of Teachers and Students in Action\u003c/a>","description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-160x107.jpg","width":160,"height":107,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-800x533.jpg","width":800,"height":533,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-768x512.jpg","width":768,"height":512,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"height":680,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-1200x800.jpg","width":1200,"height":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-1920x1280.jpg","width":1920,"height":1280,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2019/02/35668542774_02bad78153_k.jpg","width":2048,"height":1365}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_52251":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_52251","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"52251","found":true},"title":"iStock-935874416","publishDate":1538113706,"status":"inherit","parent":52180,"modified":1538113726,"caption":null,"credit":"iStock/flukyfluky","description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-160x107.jpg","width":160,"height":107,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-800x534.jpg","width":800,"height":534,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-768x513.jpg","width":768,"height":513,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1020x681.jpg","width":1020,"height":681,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1200x801.jpg","width":1200,"height":801,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1920x1282.jpg","width":1920,"height":1282,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1180x788.jpg","width":1180,"height":788,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-960x641.jpg","width":960,"height":641,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-240x160.jpg","width":240,"height":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-375x250.jpg","width":375,"height":250,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-520x347.jpg","width":520,"height":347,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1180x788.jpg","width":1180,"height":788,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-1920x1282.jpg","width":1920,"height":1282,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2018/09/iStock-935874416-e1538113734153.jpg","width":1920,"height":1282}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_49911":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_49911","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"49911","found":true},"title":"iStock-474963222","publishDate":1513868925,"status":"inherit","parent":49144,"modified":1513868953,"caption":null,"credit":"iStock/Wavebreakmedia","description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-160x99.jpg","width":160,"height":99,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-800x495.jpg","width":800,"height":495,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-768x476.jpg","width":768,"height":476,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-1020x632.jpg","width":1020,"height":632,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-1920x1189.jpg","width":1920,"height":1189,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-1180x731.jpg","width":1180,"height":731,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-960x594.jpg","width":960,"height":594,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-240x149.jpg","width":240,"height":149,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-375x232.jpg","width":375,"height":232,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-520x322.jpg","width":520,"height":322,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-1180x731.jpg","width":1180,"height":731,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-1920x1189.jpg","width":1920,"height":1189,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/iStock-474963222-e1513868961799.jpg","width":1920,"height":1189}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_49663":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_49663","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"49663","found":true},"title":null,"publishDate":1510164967,"status":"inherit","parent":49607,"modified":1510164993,"caption":null,"credit":"iStock/gorodenkoff","description":null,"imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-160x90.jpg","width":160,"height":90,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-800x450.jpg","width":800,"height":450,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-768x432.jpg","width":768,"height":432,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-1020x574.jpg","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-1180x664.jpg","width":1180,"height":664,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-960x540.jpg","width":960,"height":540,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-240x135.jpg","width":240,"height":135,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-375x211.jpg","width":375,"height":211,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-520x293.jpg","width":520,"height":293,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-1180x664.jpg","width":1180,"height":664,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/11/iStock-831613766-e1510165002887.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"mindshift_47689":{"type":"attachments","id":"mindshift_47689","meta":{"index":"attachments_1591205162","site":"mindshift","id":"47689","found":true},"title":"American kids access the Internet and social media through their phones or a parent's phone every day.","publishDate":1488486733,"status":"inherit","parent":47688,"modified":1488486733,"caption":null,"credit":null,"description":"American kids access the Internet and social media through their phones or a parent's phone every day.","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-160x120.jpg","width":160,"height":120,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-800x600.jpg","width":800,"height":600,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-768x576.jpg","width":768,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-1020x764.jpg","width":1020,"height":764,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-1920x1439.jpg","width":1920,"height":1439,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-1180x884.jpg","width":1180,"height":884,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-960x720.jpg","width":960,"height":720,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-240x180.jpg","width":240,"height":180,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-375x281.jpg","width":375,"height":281,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-520x390.jpg","width":520,"height":390,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-1180x884.jpg","width":1180,"height":884,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-1920x1439.jpg","width":1920,"height":1439,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/02/teenscreen_psedit_enl-b2cab37a2894cdb4cc553a6822ab3767169908b2.jpg","width":2000,"height":1499}},"fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_mindshift_62004":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_mindshift_62004","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_mindshift_62004","name":"Michaeleen Doucleff","isLoading":false},"byline_mindshift_53992":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_mindshift_53992","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_mindshift_53992","name":"Anya Kamenetz","isLoading":false},"byline_mindshift_49607":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_mindshift_49607","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_mindshift_49607","name":"\u003ca href “https://www.commonsensemedia.org/meet-our-team>Tanner Higgin, Common Sense Education\u003c/a>","isLoading":false},"byline_mindshift_47688":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_mindshift_47688","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_mindshift_47688","name":"April Fulton","isLoading":false},"katrinaschwartz":{"type":"authors","id":"234","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"234","found":true},"name":"Katrina Schwartz","firstName":"Katrina","lastName":"Schwartz","slug":"katrinaschwartz","email":"kschwartz@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Producer","bio":"Katrina Schwartz is a journalist based in San Francisco. She's worked at KPCC public radio in LA and has reported on air and online for KQED since 2010. She covered how teaching and learning is changing for MindShift between 2012 and 2020. She is the co-host of the MindShift podcast and now produces KQED's Bay Curious podcast.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6a567574dafefa959593925eead665c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"kschwart","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"mindshift","roles":["administrator"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Katrina Schwartz | KQED","description":"Producer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6a567574dafefa959593925eead665c?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/a6a567574dafefa959593925eead665c?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/katrinaschwartz"},"mindshift":{"type":"authors","id":"4354","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"4354","found":true},"name":"MindShift","firstName":"MindShift","lastName":null,"slug":"mindshift","email":"tina@barseghian.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ae7f1f73a229130205aa5f57b55eaf16?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"mindshift","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"MindShift | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ae7f1f73a229130205aa5f57b55eaf16?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ae7f1f73a229130205aa5f57b55eaf16?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mindshift"},"dfkris":{"type":"authors","id":"11087","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11087","found":true},"name":"Deborah Farmer Kris","firstName":"Deborah Farmer","lastName":"Kris","slug":"dfkris","email":"dfkris@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/@dfkris\">Deborah Farmer Kris\u003c/a> has taught elementary, middle and high school and served as a charter school administrator. She spent a decade as an associate at Boston University’s \u003c/em>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"http://www.bu.edu/ccsr/about-us/\">Center for Character and Social Responsibility\u003c/a>, \u003c/em>\u003cem>researching, writing, and consulting with schools. She is the mother of two young children. You can follower her on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/@dfkris\">@dfkris\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/48efe6f17031ed31222b74af9605fe5a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"dfkris","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"mindshift","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Deborah Farmer Kris | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/48efe6f17031ed31222b74af9605fe5a?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/48efe6f17031ed31222b74af9605fe5a?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/dfkris"},"lshaffer":{"type":"authors","id":"11330","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11330","found":true},"name":"Leah Shaffer","firstName":"Leah","lastName":"Shaffer","slug":"lshaffer","email":"leahabshaffer@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ee7b4bb631d0c035e426aba5e260f9ce?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"mindshift","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Leah Shaffer | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ee7b4bb631d0c035e426aba5e260f9ce?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/ee7b4bb631d0c035e426aba5e260f9ce?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lshaffer"},"ngobir":{"type":"authors","id":"11721","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11721","found":true},"name":"Nimah Gobir","firstName":"Nimah","lastName":"Gobir","slug":"ngobir","email":"ngobir@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":null,"avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e08e101e43fc79cc7bcd0c19038d7d08?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"mindshift","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Nimah Gobir | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e08e101e43fc79cc7bcd0c19038d7d08?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/e08e101e43fc79cc7bcd0c19038d7d08?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ngobir"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"home","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"mindshift_62986":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_62986","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"62986","score":null,"sort":[1706007617000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"demystifying-copyright-for-teachers-and-students","title":"Demystifying Copyright for Teachers and Students","publishDate":1706007617,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Demystifying Copyright for Teachers and Students | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2019, the Houston Independent School District found itself entangled in a legal battle, facing a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/education/article/Federal-jury-HISD-staff-repeatedly-violated-13895634.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">verdict of $9.2 million for copyright violations\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. School staff had repeatedly photocopied, manipulated and distributed study guides from an educational publishing company. This incident served as a wake-up call for teachers who thought copyright law did not apply to their classrooms. “Teachers either don’t know or don’t want to know that they’re violating copyright,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.melissaannpero.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Melissa-Ann Pero\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a former language arts teacher who has also worked with educators on hybrid and online learning practices in Pennsylvania.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Copyright\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> ensures that creators have exclusive rights to print, publish, perform, film or record their literary, artistic and musical creations – or to authorize others to do so. While many teachers willingly share their instructional materials, even those they have personally crafted, the act of sharing doesn’t negate the need for proper attribution or copyright protection. “I’ve tried to get away from using phrases like ‘I’ve stolen that from somebody,’ because I haven’t. I’ve asked to borrow it, and I give people credit,” said Pero, who now teaches at a career and technical high school.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sound copyright practices not only shield teachers from legal complications and safeguard their intellectual property, but also set an example for students. In the digital era, when information can be ambiguously sourced and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47580/media-literacy-five-ways-teachers-are-fighting-fake-news\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">potentially misleading\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edutopia.org/article/teaching-rhetorical-analysis-news/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">teaching students the importance of proper sourcing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> continues to grow in importance. At the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) conference last year, Pero and other speakers offered recommendations for how educators can navigate copyright and model digital citizenship for students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Schools have certain protections. What are they?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In education, copyright has its own set of rules that provide specific protections. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fair use allows limited use of copyrighted work without seeking permission, serving purposes like news reporting, commentary, education, parody and the creation of transformative new works.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, the protective umbrella of education is not as impervious as once believed, said Pero.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fa\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ir use isn’t a one-size-fits-all rule, and it is evaluated on a case-by-case basis that considers four key factors: the purpose of use, the nature of the original work, the amount used and the impact on the original’s market value.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Purpose of use:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Educators can share materials as long as they’re integral to the course, part of systematic instructional activities, and directly related to the teaching objectives. However, expanding the purpose, like publishing a school project online, might change fair use status. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Nature of the original work: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fair use status is more likely if the original is informative or factual rather than highly creative. However, creative works can still qualify. For example, watching a taped production of Hamlet during a unit on Shakespeare in an English class is likely to fall under fair use.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Amount used: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fair use asks that teachers use portions of the original material and only what’s necessary to convey their point. While it’s still possible with entire creative works, like videos or songs, using less increases the likelihood of fair use. Excerpts – typically two pages or less or 10% of longer works – are permissible, along with up to 30 seconds of music. Pero emphasized that many publishing companies are open to working with teachers as long as proper credit is given. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Market impact:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If your use undermines the creator’s ability to profit from their work, it’s less likely to be considered fair use.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For clarification on copyright concerns, Mary Beth Clifton, who teaches about copyright in her role as an instructional technology coordinator in Pennsylvania, recommended that educators use \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://copyrightandcreativity.org/online-training/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Copyright and Creativity\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an online hub of educator-friendly resources about copyright, including office hours, webinars and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://copyrightandcreativity.org/infographics/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">downloadable posters\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">During pandemic-related distance learning, teachers relied on the 2002 \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.copyright.gov/docs/regstat031301.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization (“TEACH”) Act\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. This act provides exemptions that allow educators to share certain copyright-protected materials online with students without getting permission from copyright holders. Generally, the TEACH Act mandates that distribution of all materials must be limited to students who are currently enrolled in the class for a specific time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Digital citizenship and nurturing respect for copyright\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citing sources and giving credit are integral components of digital citizenship — how we conduct ourselves responsibly in the online world. Complying with copyright can seem tedious, but it is foundational to many of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/tag/digital-citizenship\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">digital citizenship\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> skills teachers hope to instill in students. “We talk about how to be respectful, face-to-face and how to be respectful in a Zoom conference. We also need to talk about how to be respectful in the digital environment,” said Clifton. With\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/62462/8-free-ai-powered-tools-that-can-save-teachers-time-and-enhance-instruction\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> AI tools on the rise\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, students’ ability to trace the origins of their sources will become more valuable. When teachers make their own copyright practices visible, they model its importance for students. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Empowering students to copyright their work\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One way to help students to become more knowledgeable about copyright is to have them copyright their own work. With students increasingly \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47636/what-writing-wikipedia-entries-can-teach-students-about-digital-literacy\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">creating their own content as opposed to just consuming it\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, teachers have an opportunity to introduce them to copyrighting. Clifton suggested students and teachers use \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Creative Commons\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> licenses because they are a simple way to communicate how one wants their work to be used. A Creative Commons license is a public use license that allows creators to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/cclicenses/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">mix and match four conditions\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to communicate how they would like the work to be used. For example, a person may choose to allow others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material for noncommercial purposes only. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When students experience the process of protecting their own work, it’s easier to communicate the significance of copyright because it’s more personalized, said Clifton. She prompts students with questions about how they would feel about finding out that their work was used without permission to foster discussions about sharing and respecting creative works.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Practicing mindful image use\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether it’s in a powerpoint or on a poster board, images are often used without permission. To illustrate how images are protected by copyright, Pero used the logo from the Tokyo Olympics in 2020 as an example. When the first Tokyo 2020 logo was presented, a Belgian designer said it was too similar to one of his designs, and the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34115750\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tokyo Olympics logo was changed.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In her classes, Pero instructed students to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/29508?hl=en&co=GENIE.Platform%3DAndroid\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">use filters on Google image search\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to easily access images that are free to share. Even when using such searches, teachers can set the expectation that students should credit the image creators.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, Pero oversaw her schools’ yearbook class, and she instructed students to give photo credit for each photo whether they were taken professionally or by peers. “One year, we made a yearbook that mimicked Survivor’s logo,” said Pero. She told students that if they wanted to go through with the idea, “We need to get permission because we’re going to publish like 400 of these.” Student sent an image of the yearbook logo to Survivor’s production team to confirm that it was okay to use. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Inviting students to connect with creators \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When Pero’s students did independent choice reading, she invited them to give authors a shoutout on social media. As part of the assignment, students identified the author’s social handle and tagged them in a post about what they read. If the student didn’t have a social account she did it from her own account. “They were amazed at the [response] they got,” said Pero. This simple act allowed students to connect with the creators behind the works they engage with, fostering a deeper appreciation for writers and artists. Learning more about the origins of the works they appreciate can empower students and develop their agency. Starting these habits early lays the foundation for a future where acknowledging sources becomes second nature. “Let’s get kids in the habit, students in the habit, adults in the habit of saying, ‘I got this from here. It’s not mine,'” Pero said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When teachers model correct copyright use they not only shield themselves from legal complications, but also set a good example for students.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713291329,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":1410},"headData":{"title":"Demystifying Copyright for Teachers and Students | KQED","description":"When teachers model correct copyright use, they not only shield themselves from legal complications, but also set a good example for students.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"When teachers model correct copyright use, they not only shield themselves from legal complications, but also set a good example for students.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Demystifying Copyright for Teachers and Students","datePublished":"2024-01-23T11:00:17.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-16T18:15:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62986/demystifying-copyright-for-teachers-and-students","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2019, the Houston Independent School District found itself entangled in a legal battle, facing a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.houstonchronicle.com/news/houston-texas/education/article/Federal-jury-HISD-staff-repeatedly-violated-13895634.php\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">verdict of $9.2 million for copyright violations\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. School staff had repeatedly photocopied, manipulated and distributed study guides from an educational publishing company. This incident served as a wake-up call for teachers who thought copyright law did not apply to their classrooms. “Teachers either don’t know or don’t want to know that they’re violating copyright,” said \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.melissaannpero.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Melissa-Ann Pero\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, a former language arts teacher who has also worked with educators on hybrid and online learning practices in Pennsylvania.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.copyright.gov/what-is-copyright/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Copyright\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> ensures that creators have exclusive rights to print, publish, perform, film or record their literary, artistic and musical creations – or to authorize others to do so. While many teachers willingly share their instructional materials, even those they have personally crafted, the act of sharing doesn’t negate the need for proper attribution or copyright protection. “I’ve tried to get away from using phrases like ‘I’ve stolen that from somebody,’ because I haven’t. I’ve asked to borrow it, and I give people credit,” said Pero, who now teaches at a career and technical high school.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Sound copyright practices not only shield teachers from legal complications and safeguard their intellectual property, but also set an example for students. In the digital era, when information can be ambiguously sourced and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47580/media-literacy-five-ways-teachers-are-fighting-fake-news\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">potentially misleading\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.edutopia.org/article/teaching-rhetorical-analysis-news/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">teaching students the importance of proper sourcing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> continues to grow in importance. At the International Society for Technology in Education (ISTE) conference last year, Pero and other speakers offered recommendations for how educators can navigate copyright and model digital citizenship for students.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Schools have certain protections. What are they?\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In education, copyright has its own set of rules that provide specific protections. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fair use allows limited use of copyrighted work without seeking permission, serving purposes like news reporting, commentary, education, parody and the creation of transformative new works.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">However, the protective umbrella of education is not as impervious as once believed, said Pero.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fa\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ir use isn’t a one-size-fits-all rule, and it is evaluated on a case-by-case basis that considers four key factors: the purpose of use, the nature of the original work, the amount used and the impact on the original’s market value.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Purpose of use:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Educators can share materials as long as they’re integral to the course, part of systematic instructional activities, and directly related to the teaching objectives. However, expanding the purpose, like publishing a school project online, might change fair use status. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Nature of the original work: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fair use status is more likely if the original is informative or factual rather than highly creative. However, creative works can still qualify. For example, watching a taped production of Hamlet during a unit on Shakespeare in an English class is likely to fall under fair use.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Amount used: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fair use asks that teachers use portions of the original material and only what’s necessary to convey their point. While it’s still possible with entire creative works, like videos or songs, using less increases the likelihood of fair use. Excerpts – typically two pages or less or 10% of longer works – are permissible, along with up to 30 seconds of music. Pero emphasized that many publishing companies are open to working with teachers as long as proper credit is given. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Market impact:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> If your use undermines the creator’s ability to profit from their work, it’s less likely to be considered fair use.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For clarification on copyright concerns, Mary Beth Clifton, who teaches about copyright in her role as an instructional technology coordinator in Pennsylvania, recommended that educators use \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://copyrightandcreativity.org/online-training/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Copyright and Creativity\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, an online hub of educator-friendly resources about copyright, including office hours, webinars and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://copyrightandcreativity.org/infographics/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">downloadable posters\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">During pandemic-related distance learning, teachers relied on the 2002 \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.copyright.gov/docs/regstat031301.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization (“TEACH”) Act\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. This act provides exemptions that allow educators to share certain copyright-protected materials online with students without getting permission from copyright holders. Generally, the TEACH Act mandates that distribution of all materials must be limited to students who are currently enrolled in the class for a specific time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Digital citizenship and nurturing respect for copyright\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citing sources and giving credit are integral components of digital citizenship — how we conduct ourselves responsibly in the online world. Complying with copyright can seem tedious, but it is foundational to many of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/tag/digital-citizenship\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">digital citizenship\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> skills teachers hope to instill in students. “We talk about how to be respectful, face-to-face and how to be respectful in a Zoom conference. We also need to talk about how to be respectful in the digital environment,” said Clifton. With\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/62462/8-free-ai-powered-tools-that-can-save-teachers-time-and-enhance-instruction\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> AI tools on the rise\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, students’ ability to trace the origins of their sources will become more valuable. When teachers make their own copyright practices visible, they model its importance for students. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Empowering students to copyright their work\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One way to help students to become more knowledgeable about copyright is to have them copyright their own work. With students increasingly \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47636/what-writing-wikipedia-entries-can-teach-students-about-digital-literacy\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">creating their own content as opposed to just consuming it\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, teachers have an opportunity to introduce them to copyrighting. Clifton suggested students and teachers use \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Creative Commons\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> licenses because they are a simple way to communicate how one wants their work to be used. A Creative Commons license is a public use license that allows creators to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/cclicenses/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">mix and match four conditions\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to communicate how they would like the work to be used. For example, a person may choose to allow others to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material for noncommercial purposes only. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When students experience the process of protecting their own work, it’s easier to communicate the significance of copyright because it’s more personalized, said Clifton. She prompts students with questions about how they would feel about finding out that their work was used without permission to foster discussions about sharing and respecting creative works.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Practicing mindful image use\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Whether it’s in a powerpoint or on a poster board, images are often used without permission. To illustrate how images are protected by copyright, Pero used the logo from the Tokyo Olympics in 2020 as an example. When the first Tokyo 2020 logo was presented, a Belgian designer said it was too similar to one of his designs, and the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-34115750\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Tokyo Olympics logo was changed.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> In her classes, Pero instructed students to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://support.google.com/websearch/answer/29508?hl=en&co=GENIE.Platform%3DAndroid\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">use filters on Google image search\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to easily access images that are free to share. Even when using such searches, teachers can set the expectation that students should credit the image creators.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Additionally, Pero oversaw her schools’ yearbook class, and she instructed students to give photo credit for each photo whether they were taken professionally or by peers. “One year, we made a yearbook that mimicked Survivor’s logo,” said Pero. She told students that if they wanted to go through with the idea, “We need to get permission because we’re going to publish like 400 of these.” Student sent an image of the yearbook logo to Survivor’s production team to confirm that it was okay to use. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Inviting students to connect with creators \u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When Pero’s students did independent choice reading, she invited them to give authors a shoutout on social media. As part of the assignment, students identified the author’s social handle and tagged them in a post about what they read. If the student didn’t have a social account she did it from her own account. “They were amazed at the [response] they got,” said Pero. This simple act allowed students to connect with the creators behind the works they engage with, fostering a deeper appreciation for writers and artists. Learning more about the origins of the works they appreciate can empower students and develop their agency. Starting these habits early lays the foundation for a future where acknowledging sources becomes second nature. “Let’s get kids in the habit, students in the habit, adults in the habit of saying, ‘I got this from here. It’s not mine,'” Pero said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62986/demystifying-copyright-for-teachers-and-students","authors":["11721"],"categories":["mindshift_20579","mindshift_195","mindshift_21358","mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_1023","mindshift_528","mindshift_529","mindshift_862","mindshift_822","mindshift_968","mindshift_546"],"featImg":"mindshift_62987","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_62004":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_62004","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"62004","score":null,"sort":[1689282003000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"so-your-tween-wants-a-smartphone-read-this-first","title":"So your tween wants a smartphone? Read this first","publishDate":1689282003,"format":"standard","headTitle":"So your tween wants a smartphone? Read this first | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Your tween wants a smartphone \u003cem>very \u003c/em>badly. So badly that it physically hurts. And they’re giving you \u003cem>soooo \u003c/em>many reasons why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re going to middle school … they need it to collaborate with peers on school projects … they need it to tell you where they are … when they’ll be home … when the school bus is late. It’ll help \u003cem>you,\u003c/em> dear parent, they vow. Plus, all their friends have one, and they feel left out. Come on! Pleeeeeease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you click “place order” on that smartphone, pause and consider a few insights from a person who makes a living helping parents and tweens navigate the murky waters of smartphones and social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thescreentimeconsultant.com/about-emily\">Emily Cherkin\u003c/a> spent more than a decade as a middle school teacher during the early aughts. She watched firsthand as the presence of smartphones transformed life for middle schoolers. For the past four years, she’s been working as screen-time consultant, coaching parents about digital technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her first piece of advice about when to give a child a smartphone and allow them to access social media was reiterated by other experts over and over again: Delay, delay, delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“I wish I knew then what I know now”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“I have talked to hundreds of parents,” Cherkin explains, “and no one has ever said to me, ‘I wish I gave my kid a phone earlier’ or ‘I wish I’d given them social media access sooner.’ Never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, parents tell her the opposite. “I always hear, ‘I wish I had waited. I wish I knew then what I know now,’ ” she says, “because boy, once you give a child one of these devices or technologies, it is so much harder to take it back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smartphones, social media and video games create large spikes in dopamine deep inside a child’s brain. As \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61863/anti-dopamine-parenting-can-curb-a-kids-craving-for-screens-or-sweets\">NPR has reported\u003c/a>, those spikes pull the child’s attention to the device or app, almost like a magnet. They tell the child’s brain that this activity is super critical – way more critical than other activities that trigger smaller spikes in dopamine, such as finishing homework, helping to clean up after dinner, or even playing outside with friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thus, parents set themselves up for a constant struggle when a child starts having their own smartphone, Cherkin says. “It’s the dopamine you’re fighting. And that’s not a fair fight. So I tell parents, ‘Delay all of it just as long as you can,'” she emphasizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means delaying, not just a smartphone, but \u003cem>any \u003c/em>device, including tablets, she suggests. By introducing a tablet at an early age, even for educational purposes, parents can establish a habit that may be hard to break later, Cherkin has observed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A child using a tablet at age 6 to 8 comes to expect screen time after school,” she says. “Flash forward to age 12, and now they have a phone. And when they come home from school, they’re likely engaging with social media, instead of educational videos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neurologically, children’s brains haven’t developed enough to handle the magnetic pull of these devices and the apps on them, says neuroscientist \u003ca href=\"https://en.samaha-lab.com/\">Anne-Noël Samaha\u003c/a> at the University of Montreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as if you have the perfect storm,” Samaha explains. “You have games, social media and even pornography and shopping online, and the brains of children are just not yet ready to have the level of self-control needed to regulate their behavior with these activities. Even adults sometimes don’t have enough self-control to do that or handle some of the emotional impact of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Right-size your parenting fears\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Parents often feel like once their tween starts moving around more autonomously through their neighborhood or town more, the child needs a smartphone to be safe, Cherkin says. “They may think, ‘Oh, my gosh! My kid is going to be kidnapped on the way to school. They need a phone to call me.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cherkin notes that parents tend to overestimate the dangers of the “real world” and \u003cem>underestimate\u003c/em> the dangers of a smartphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our fears are very misplaced,” she says. “We need to think about what is statistically really likely to happen versus what’s really, really unlikely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year in the U.S. about a hundred children are abducted by strangers or people or slight acquaintances, the U.S. Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh176/files/pubs/249249.pdf\">reported\u003c/a>. Given that 50 million children, ages 6 to 17, reside in the U.S, the risk of a child being kidnapped by a stranger is about 0.0002% each year. (By comparison, the risk of being struck by lightning each year is about 0.0001%.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, giving a child a phone comes with a whole new set of risks and dangers, Cherkin says. They can be difficult for some parents to understand because they may not have much firsthand experience with specific apps, and the new threats that are emerging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in March, the nonprofit Common Sense Media \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/research/report/how-girls-really-feel-about-social-media-researchreport_web_final_2.pdf\">surveyed\u003c/a> about 1,300 girls, ages 11 to 15, about their experiences on social media. Nearly 60% of the girls who use Instagram, and nearly 60% of those who use Snapchat, said they had been contacted by a stranger that makes them uncomfortable. The same was true for 46% of those who use TikTok.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Disturbing online encounters and influences\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The same survey found that these apps often expose girls to content they find disturbing or harmful. For those that use Instagram, TikTok or Snapchat, 12% to 15% of girls see or hear content related to suicide on a daily basis. About the same percentage asaid they see or hear content about eating disorders on a daily basis as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An investigation by the Center for Countering Digital Hate also found evidence that content related to suicide and disordered eating is relatively common on TikTok. In the \u003ca href=\"https://counterhate.com/research/deadly-by-design/\">investigation\u003c/a>, the nonprofit set up eight accounts ostensibly by 13-year-old children. Each user paused on and liked videos about body image and mental health. Within 30 minutes, TikTok recommended content about suicide and eating disorders to all eight accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one instance, this content began appearing in less than three minutes. On average, TikTok suggested content about eating disorders every four minutes to the teen accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok declined NPR’s request for an interview, but in an email, a spokesperson for the company wrote: “We’re committed to building age-appropriate experiences, while equipping parents with tools, like\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/new-features-for-teens-and-families-on-tiktok-us__;!!Iwwt!TXlWyyVqWw7ko1SLp-5LloOiRlujH57BqCCTBxgALe7v3MBnbuRJg9C_l2e_RGxD4vLurQazVw_k3BzUCiaeF4o%24\"> Family Pairing\u003c/a>, to support their teen’s experience on TikTok.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emma Lembke, age 20, says these findings line up with what she experienced when she first went on Instagram eight years ago. “As a 12-year-old girl, I felt like I was being constantly bombarded by bodies that I could never replicate or ones that I could try to, but it would lead me in a darker direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers just trying to look up a healthy recipe. “And from that one search, I remember being fed constant stuff about my ‘200-calorie day’ or intermittent fasting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, she says, her feed was “covered with anorexic, thin, tiny women. Dieting pills, lollipops to suppress my appetite.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lembke developed an eating disorder. She has recovered and now is a digital advocate and founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.logoffmovement.org/\">Log OFF\u003c/a> project, which helps teens build healthier relationships with social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was younger, I was being prodded and poked and fed material [on social media] that was really leading me in a direction toward an eating disorder,” she says. “I think for a lot of young women, even if it doesn’t materialize into a fully fledged eating disorder, it painfully warps their sense of self by harming their body image. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram’s parent company, Meta, declined a request for an interview. But in an email, a spokesperson said the company has invested in technology that finds and removes content related to suicide, self-injury or eating disorders before anyone reports it. “We want to reassure every parent that we have their interests at heart in the work we’re doing to provide teens with safe, supportive experiences online,” they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A whole world of sexually explicit content\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many children also come across sexualized content, even porn, on social media apps, Cherkin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to get a sense for what your kid might encounter once you let them have a phone and popular apps, Cherkin recommends trying this: Set up a test account in one of the apps, setting the age of the user to your child’s age, and then use the account yourself for a few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did that with Snapchat. I set up an account, pretending to be 15. Then I just went to the Discover feed, where it pushes content to you based on your age,” she explains. Within seconds, sexualized content and vulgar images appeared, she says. “And I thought, ‘No, this is not appropriate for a 15-year-old.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snapchat’s parent company, Snap, also declined a request for an interview with NPR. A spokesperson wrote in an email: “We have largely kept misinformation, hate speech and other potentially harmful content from spreading on Snapchat. That said, we completely understand concerns about the appropriateness of the content that may be featured, and are working to strengthen protections for teens with the aim of offering them a more age-appropriate experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Personally, Cherkin uses Instagram for her business. And back in March, despite all her knowledge about the traps on social media, she says she “got catfished.” She engaged with a stranger who seemed to be a teen in her DMs and eventually received obscene and disturbing photos of a man’s genitalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She \u003ca href=\"https://www.thescreentimeconsultant.com/think-your-kid-wont-get-porn-in-their-dms-6fd96a4dc330sourcerss-43e8070c4854------2\">writes\u003c/a> on her blog: “It’s graphic. It’s gross. And this is one teeny (lol) example of what kids and teens see ALL THE TIME.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What’s a parent to do? Consider smartphone alternatives\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the end, Cherkin says, there are several other in-between options for tweens besides giving them their own smartphone or denying them a phone altogether. You can:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Share your phone with your tween so they can text with and call friends.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Give your tween a “dumb phone” that only allows texting and calling. For example, buy an old-school flip phone. But if that’s out of the question because it’s not cool enough (and you have extra cash to spare), you can now buy dumb phones that look like smartphones but have extremely limited functions — no easy-access to the internet, no social media. And very little risk of inappropriate content.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Try to limit the apps your child uses, but get ready to be busy monitoring them\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If you do end up getting your tween a smartphone, Cherkin says, you might be tempted to simply “block” children from downloading particular apps on their phones. And in theory, this works. Parental control apps, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.bark.us/\">Bark,\u003c/a> can notify you when an app is installed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she says, many kids find workarounds to this approach — and really any parental controls. For instance, she says, if you block Instagram on their phone, kids can log in via the web. If you block TikTok, they might watch TikTok videos in Pinterest. Kids can find \u003ca href=\"https://www.bark.us/blog/spotify-porn-problem/#:~:text=Spotify%2C%20Amazon%20Unlimited%2C%20YouTube%20Music,filter%20off%20after%20the%20fact.\">porn on Spotify\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids are way tech savvier than we are,” Cherkin wrote in an email. “Remember how we used to program the VCR for our parents?! Every single parent who comes to me for help has a variation of this same story: ‘We had X parental controls; we blocked X sites; our child figured out how to access them anyway.’ … It’s impossible to successfully block everything — and once you do, a replacement will pop up in its place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, once you give your child a smartphone, you will likely be setting up yourself for a whole new series of parenting tasks and worries. Even Meta reveals this in its April \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxy14wjki6s\">ad for parental controls\u003c/a>: The mom in the ad is monitoring her son’s Instagram account while doing the dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2023 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=So+your+tween+wants+a+smartphone%3F+Read+this+first&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When's the right time to start your child with a phone? Is 12 too young? Here's what a professional screen time consultant tells parents about the risks kids face online.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1689282003,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":2147},"headData":{"title":"So your tween wants a smartphone? Read this first | KQED","description":"When's the right time to start your child with a phone? Is 12 too young? Here's what a professional screen time consultant tells parents about the risks kids face online.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialDescription":"When's the right time to start your child with a phone? Is 12 too young? Here's what a professional screen time consultant tells parents about the risks kids face online.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"So your tween wants a smartphone? Read this first","datePublished":"2023-07-13T21:00:03.000Z","dateModified":"2023-07-13T21:00:03.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"nprImageCredit":"Elva Etienne","nprByline":"Michaeleen Doucleff","nprImageAgency":"Getty Images","nprStoryId":"1187130983","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1187130983&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/07/12/1187130983/smartphone-tween-safe-alternatives?ft=nprml&f=1187130983","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 12 Jul 2023 19:02:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 12 Jul 2023 11:57:26 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 12 Jul 2023 19:02:14 -0400","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2023/07/20230712_atc_so_your_tween_wants_a_smartphone_read_this_first.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=1176326550&d=263&p=2&story=1187130983&ft=nprml&f=1187130983","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/11187354682-3a9793.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=1176326550&d=263&p=2&story=1187130983&ft=nprml&f=1187130983","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/mindshift/62004/so-your-tween-wants-a-smartphone-read-this-first","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2023/07/20230712_atc_so_your_tween_wants_a_smartphone_read_this_first.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1128&aggIds=1176326550&d=263&p=2&story=1187130983&ft=nprml&f=1187130983","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Your tween wants a smartphone \u003cem>very \u003c/em>badly. So badly that it physically hurts. And they’re giving you \u003cem>soooo \u003c/em>many reasons why.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re going to middle school … they need it to collaborate with peers on school projects … they need it to tell you where they are … when they’ll be home … when the school bus is late. It’ll help \u003cem>you,\u003c/em> dear parent, they vow. Plus, all their friends have one, and they feel left out. Come on! Pleeeeeease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before you click “place order” on that smartphone, pause and consider a few insights from a person who makes a living helping parents and tweens navigate the murky waters of smartphones and social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thescreentimeconsultant.com/about-emily\">Emily Cherkin\u003c/a> spent more than a decade as a middle school teacher during the early aughts. She watched firsthand as the presence of smartphones transformed life for middle schoolers. For the past four years, she’s been working as screen-time consultant, coaching parents about digital technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her first piece of advice about when to give a child a smartphone and allow them to access social media was reiterated by other experts over and over again: Delay, delay, delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>“I wish I knew then what I know now”\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“I have talked to hundreds of parents,” Cherkin explains, “and no one has ever said to me, ‘I wish I gave my kid a phone earlier’ or ‘I wish I’d given them social media access sooner.’ Never.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, parents tell her the opposite. “I always hear, ‘I wish I had waited. I wish I knew then what I know now,’ ” she says, “because boy, once you give a child one of these devices or technologies, it is so much harder to take it back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smartphones, social media and video games create large spikes in dopamine deep inside a child’s brain. As \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/61863/anti-dopamine-parenting-can-curb-a-kids-craving-for-screens-or-sweets\">NPR has reported\u003c/a>, those spikes pull the child’s attention to the device or app, almost like a magnet. They tell the child’s brain that this activity is super critical – way more critical than other activities that trigger smaller spikes in dopamine, such as finishing homework, helping to clean up after dinner, or even playing outside with friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thus, parents set themselves up for a constant struggle when a child starts having their own smartphone, Cherkin says. “It’s the dopamine you’re fighting. And that’s not a fair fight. So I tell parents, ‘Delay all of it just as long as you can,'” she emphasizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means delaying, not just a smartphone, but \u003cem>any \u003c/em>device, including tablets, she suggests. By introducing a tablet at an early age, even for educational purposes, parents can establish a habit that may be hard to break later, Cherkin has observed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A child using a tablet at age 6 to 8 comes to expect screen time after school,” she says. “Flash forward to age 12, and now they have a phone. And when they come home from school, they’re likely engaging with social media, instead of educational videos.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neurologically, children’s brains haven’t developed enough to handle the magnetic pull of these devices and the apps on them, says neuroscientist \u003ca href=\"https://en.samaha-lab.com/\">Anne-Noël Samaha\u003c/a> at the University of Montreal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s almost as if you have the perfect storm,” Samaha explains. “You have games, social media and even pornography and shopping online, and the brains of children are just not yet ready to have the level of self-control needed to regulate their behavior with these activities. Even adults sometimes don’t have enough self-control to do that or handle some of the emotional impact of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Right-size your parenting fears\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Parents often feel like once their tween starts moving around more autonomously through their neighborhood or town more, the child needs a smartphone to be safe, Cherkin says. “They may think, ‘Oh, my gosh! My kid is going to be kidnapped on the way to school. They need a phone to call me.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cherkin notes that parents tend to overestimate the dangers of the “real world” and \u003cem>underestimate\u003c/em> the dangers of a smartphone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think our fears are very misplaced,” she says. “We need to think about what is statistically really likely to happen versus what’s really, really unlikely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each year in the U.S. about a hundred children are abducted by strangers or people or slight acquaintances, the U.S. Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://ojjdp.ojp.gov/sites/g/files/xyckuh176/files/pubs/249249.pdf\">reported\u003c/a>. Given that 50 million children, ages 6 to 17, reside in the U.S, the risk of a child being kidnapped by a stranger is about 0.0002% each year. (By comparison, the risk of being struck by lightning each year is about 0.0001%.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the other hand, giving a child a phone comes with a whole new set of risks and dangers, Cherkin says. They can be difficult for some parents to understand because they may not have much firsthand experience with specific apps, and the new threats that are emerging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in March, the nonprofit Common Sense Media \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/sites/default/files/research/report/how-girls-really-feel-about-social-media-researchreport_web_final_2.pdf\">surveyed\u003c/a> about 1,300 girls, ages 11 to 15, about their experiences on social media. Nearly 60% of the girls who use Instagram, and nearly 60% of those who use Snapchat, said they had been contacted by a stranger that makes them uncomfortable. The same was true for 46% of those who use TikTok.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Disturbing online encounters and influences\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The same survey found that these apps often expose girls to content they find disturbing or harmful. For those that use Instagram, TikTok or Snapchat, 12% to 15% of girls see or hear content related to suicide on a daily basis. About the same percentage asaid they see or hear content about eating disorders on a daily basis as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An investigation by the Center for Countering Digital Hate also found evidence that content related to suicide and disordered eating is relatively common on TikTok. In the \u003ca href=\"https://counterhate.com/research/deadly-by-design/\">investigation\u003c/a>, the nonprofit set up eight accounts ostensibly by 13-year-old children. Each user paused on and liked videos about body image and mental health. Within 30 minutes, TikTok recommended content about suicide and eating disorders to all eight accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one instance, this content began appearing in less than three minutes. On average, TikTok suggested content about eating disorders every four minutes to the teen accounts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok declined NPR’s request for an interview, but in an email, a spokesperson for the company wrote: “We’re committed to building age-appropriate experiences, while equipping parents with tools, like\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/newsroom.tiktok.com/en-us/new-features-for-teens-and-families-on-tiktok-us__;!!Iwwt!TXlWyyVqWw7ko1SLp-5LloOiRlujH57BqCCTBxgALe7v3MBnbuRJg9C_l2e_RGxD4vLurQazVw_k3BzUCiaeF4o%24\"> Family Pairing\u003c/a>, to support their teen’s experience on TikTok.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emma Lembke, age 20, says these findings line up with what she experienced when she first went on Instagram eight years ago. “As a 12-year-old girl, I felt like I was being constantly bombarded by bodies that I could never replicate or ones that I could try to, but it would lead me in a darker direction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She remembers just trying to look up a healthy recipe. “And from that one search, I remember being fed constant stuff about my ‘200-calorie day’ or intermittent fasting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, she says, her feed was “covered with anorexic, thin, tiny women. Dieting pills, lollipops to suppress my appetite.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lembke developed an eating disorder. She has recovered and now is a digital advocate and founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.logoffmovement.org/\">Log OFF\u003c/a> project, which helps teens build healthier relationships with social media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was younger, I was being prodded and poked and fed material [on social media] that was really leading me in a direction toward an eating disorder,” she says. “I think for a lot of young women, even if it doesn’t materialize into a fully fledged eating disorder, it painfully warps their sense of self by harming their body image. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instagram’s parent company, Meta, declined a request for an interview. But in an email, a spokesperson said the company has invested in technology that finds and removes content related to suicide, self-injury or eating disorders before anyone reports it. “We want to reassure every parent that we have their interests at heart in the work we’re doing to provide teens with safe, supportive experiences online,” they wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A whole world of sexually explicit content\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Many children also come across sexualized content, even porn, on social media apps, Cherkin says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to get a sense for what your kid might encounter once you let them have a phone and popular apps, Cherkin recommends trying this: Set up a test account in one of the apps, setting the age of the user to your child’s age, and then use the account yourself for a few weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I did that with Snapchat. I set up an account, pretending to be 15. Then I just went to the Discover feed, where it pushes content to you based on your age,” she explains. Within seconds, sexualized content and vulgar images appeared, she says. “And I thought, ‘No, this is not appropriate for a 15-year-old.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snapchat’s parent company, Snap, also declined a request for an interview with NPR. A spokesperson wrote in an email: “We have largely kept misinformation, hate speech and other potentially harmful content from spreading on Snapchat. That said, we completely understand concerns about the appropriateness of the content that may be featured, and are working to strengthen protections for teens with the aim of offering them a more age-appropriate experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Personally, Cherkin uses Instagram for her business. And back in March, despite all her knowledge about the traps on social media, she says she “got catfished.” She engaged with a stranger who seemed to be a teen in her DMs and eventually received obscene and disturbing photos of a man’s genitalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She \u003ca href=\"https://www.thescreentimeconsultant.com/think-your-kid-wont-get-porn-in-their-dms-6fd96a4dc330sourcerss-43e8070c4854------2\">writes\u003c/a> on her blog: “It’s graphic. It’s gross. And this is one teeny (lol) example of what kids and teens see ALL THE TIME.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What’s a parent to do? Consider smartphone alternatives\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In the end, Cherkin says, there are several other in-between options for tweens besides giving them their own smartphone or denying them a phone altogether. You can:\u003c/p>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Share your phone with your tween so they can text with and call friends.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003col>\n\u003cli>Give your tween a “dumb phone” that only allows texting and calling. For example, buy an old-school flip phone. But if that’s out of the question because it’s not cool enough (and you have extra cash to spare), you can now buy dumb phones that look like smartphones but have extremely limited functions — no easy-access to the internet, no social media. And very little risk of inappropriate content.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ol>\n\u003ch3>Try to limit the apps your child uses, but get ready to be busy monitoring them\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>If you do end up getting your tween a smartphone, Cherkin says, you might be tempted to simply “block” children from downloading particular apps on their phones. And in theory, this works. Parental control apps, such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.bark.us/\">Bark,\u003c/a> can notify you when an app is installed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, she says, many kids find workarounds to this approach — and really any parental controls. For instance, she says, if you block Instagram on their phone, kids can log in via the web. If you block TikTok, they might watch TikTok videos in Pinterest. Kids can find \u003ca href=\"https://www.bark.us/blog/spotify-porn-problem/#:~:text=Spotify%2C%20Amazon%20Unlimited%2C%20YouTube%20Music,filter%20off%20after%20the%20fact.\">porn on Spotify\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Kids are way tech savvier than we are,” Cherkin wrote in an email. “Remember how we used to program the VCR for our parents?! Every single parent who comes to me for help has a variation of this same story: ‘We had X parental controls; we blocked X sites; our child figured out how to access them anyway.’ … It’s impossible to successfully block everything — and once you do, a replacement will pop up in its place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, once you give your child a smartphone, you will likely be setting up yourself for a whole new series of parenting tasks and worries. Even Meta reveals this in its April \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gxy14wjki6s\">ad for parental controls\u003c/a>: The mom in the ad is monitoring her son’s Instagram account while doing the dishes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2023 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=So+your+tween+wants+a+smartphone%3F+Read+this+first&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/62004/so-your-tween-wants-a-smartphone-read-this-first","authors":["byline_mindshift_62004"],"categories":["mindshift_21445","mindshift_21385","mindshift_20874"],"tags":["mindshift_866","mindshift_822","mindshift_691","mindshift_21473","mindshift_145","mindshift_20568","mindshift_290","mindshift_20816","mindshift_393","mindshift_30","mindshift_21680"],"featImg":"mindshift_62005","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_60090":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_60090","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"60090","score":null,"sort":[1668108310000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"7-edtech-tools-to-connect-students-to-a-global-community","title":"7 Edtech tools to connect students to a global community","publishDate":1668108310,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Excerpted from “\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bringhistorytolife.com/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bring History and Civics to Life\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">” by Karalee Wong Nakatsuka and Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff. ©2022 International Society for Technology in Education. Reproduced with permission from the publisher.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Edtech to Connect\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are many ways we can harness educational technology to build community within our classrooms and to bring students into the global community. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.iste.org/standards/iste-standards-for-students\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ISTE Student Standard\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 1.7 \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global Collaborator\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> offers a framework for how to approach this\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">:\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “Students use digital tools to broaden their perspectives and enrich their learning by collaborating with others and working effectively in teams locally and globally.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are many edtech tools that help foster community building while providing global perspectives and engagement for students, both inside and outside of the classroom. Incorporating global community connections into community building helps students form bridges between all the communities they participate in. It may also open new avenues for students to see themselves as part of a larger global community and give them new awareness and understanding of their place in the world.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>StoryCorps\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A digital archive of recorded interviews and personal stories that convey the humanity of people from all over the world. “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://storycorps.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">StoryCorps\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">’ mission is to preserve and share humanity’s stories in order to build connections between people and create a more just and compassionate world.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Students can explore stories from across the country and the world, or they can search for specific stories that correlate with content and projects for the classroom. Students have the opportunity to recognize the global humanity that brings us together, along with perspectives that may be different from their own.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Flipgrid GridPals\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> While many teachers and students may already be familiar with creating short-form videos using Flipgrid in their classrooms, there is a unique opportunity to connect with other students and classrooms across the world using \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GridPalsFG\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Flipgrid GridPals\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> After logging into their teacher accounts, teachers can search and connect with fellow educators from across the world. This allows teachers to collaborate on learning experiences that make connections between their classrooms asynchronously through video (no time zone constraints) in a safe online learning experience.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Digital Citizenship Institute\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/DigCitInstitute\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Digital Citizenship Institute\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">’s focus is on helping our students connect the world through our shared citizenship in a digital world. It is all about “humanizing the person next to you, around the world, and across the screen. . . .In today’s interconnected world, this is our opportunity to put global education into practice to empower others to become change makers for using tech for good in local, global and digital communities.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “DigCitKids” is one aspect of student engagement and community that is available from the Digital Citizenship Institute. This initiative is focused on creating digital citizenship opportunities for kids by kids, with a focus on solving real community problems.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Google Earth\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b> \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GoogleEarthEd\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Google Earth\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is more than just an online map; it also provides resources, lessons, and integrations to be used with students. These include “. . . step-by-step guides and tutorials on Google’s Geo Tools, inspirational stories, plus lesson plans, product information, and much more.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Helping students learn about geography and place gives them a better sense of the world and their place in it. These lessons and resources are varied and help students make connections between people, the land they inhabit, and their impact on it.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>PenPal Schools\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Making connections and collaborations with students from dozens of countries across the world allows students to read, write, and create original projects. “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/PenPalConnect\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PenPal Schools \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">connect students from 150 countries to make friends and discover the world.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Students can collaborate with students from other countries on projects that matter to them. This is a unique opportunity to not only communicate with students from across the world but also work together on projects with an educational context.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mystery Skype\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> This is a way to build a global community with other classrooms from across the world. It has been described as a global guessing game, in which teachers collaborate and have their classes meet via Skype (or any other online conferencing platform), then have students try to guess each other’s location. There are many forms of this “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/MysterySkypeWhere\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mystery Skype\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">” format, and teachers can be creative in their collaboration to set up the activities (such as only asking the other class yes or no questions).\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> With activities such as this, teachers and students connect with classrooms across the world, expand their cultural awareness, and hone their geography skills—while also collaborating as a class to guess the location of the mystery classroom.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Global Read Aloud\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> What if your students could read the same book and collaborate with students from across the world? They can! Each year during a six-week period, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/ReadAloudGlobal\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global Read Aloud\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> helps students and teachers connect with resources and activities that are based on a common book. Teachers can connect with other classes from around the world that are participating and decide how much time they would like to dedicate and how involved they would like to be.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> To make these global connections with other classes, teachers can harness the power of edtech to connect using tools such as Skype, Twitter, Padlet, or Flipgrid. “Teachers get a community of other educators to do a global project with, hopefully inspiring them to continue these connections through the year.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/HistoryFrog\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-60168\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-800x671.png\" alt=\"Karalee Wong Nakatsuka\" width=\"250\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-800x671.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-1020x856.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-160x134.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-768x645.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-1536x1289.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-2048x1719.png 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-1920x1611.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\">Karalee Wong Nakatsuka\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, M.A. E.D., is a veteran middle school U.S. history teacher. Also a Gilder Lehrman Master Teacher, she was recognized in 2019 as the Gilder Lehrman History Teacher of the Year for California and was a top 10 finalist for the national award. She serves on the American250 History Education Advisory Council, the Gilder Lehrman Teacher Advisory Council and the Monticello Teacher Advisory Group. She’s a member of the California Council for the Social Studies (CCSS), the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS), the iCivics Education Network and the National Council for History Education (NCHE). Nakatsuka appeared in the New York Times multimedia story “What’s Actually Being Taught in History Class?” and was featured in an article in Time Magazine’s September 2021 issue titled “From Teachers to Custodians, Meet the Educators Who Saved a Pandemic School Year.” She’s passionate about using technology to engage and excite students; sharing the stories and the places where history took place; building community in her classroom; and preparing students to develop as empathetic, informed, engaged and active critical thinkers and citizens who care and make a difference in the world.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LucyKirchh\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-60160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-800x754.png\" alt=\"Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff\" width=\"250\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-800x754.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-160x151.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-768x724.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot.png 904w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\">Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, M.S.Ed., is a former history and science educator who now serves as a professional development coordinator and digital learning specialist. Aguilar-Kirchhoff works with educators, administrators and students to successfully integrate educational technology into curriculum for lasting student learning outcomes. Her areas of expertise include digital citizenship, media literacy, blended learning, curriculum instruction and design, and edtech and innovation. She was recognized as the 2018 National History Day California Teacher of the Year, was a top six finalist for the National History Day Teacher of the Year, and was the Inland Area CUE (IACUE) Administrator of the Year in 2022. She’s a Google Certified Trainer, Leading Edge Certified Online Blended Teacher and a member of the iCivics Education Network. Aguilar-Kirchhoff served on the ISTE Digital Citizenship PLN Leadership team and is currently an ISTE Community Leader. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Educational technology can connect students around the world while building literacy and digital citizenship skills. Teachers Karalee Wong Nakatsuka and Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff recommend 7 tools in their book “Bring History and Civics to Life,\" published by ISTE.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1669606509,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":1303},"headData":{"title":"7 Edtech tools to connect students to a global community - MindShift","description":"Educational technology can connect students around the world while building literacy and digital citizenship skills. Teachers Karalee Wong Nakatsuka and Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff recommend 7 tools in their book “Bring History and Civics to Life," published by ISTE.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"7 Edtech tools to connect students to a global community","datePublished":"2022-11-10T19:25:10.000Z","dateModified":"2022-11-28T03:35:09.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"60090 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=60090","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2022/11/10/7-edtech-tools-to-connect-students-to-a-global-community/","disqusTitle":"7 Edtech tools to connect students to a global community","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/mindshift/60090/7-edtech-tools-to-connect-students-to-a-global-community","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Excerpted from “\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bringhistorytolife.com/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Bring History and Civics to Life\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">” by Karalee Wong Nakatsuka and Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff. ©2022 International Society for Technology in Education. Reproduced with permission from the publisher.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>Edtech to Connect\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are many ways we can harness educational technology to build community within our classrooms and to bring students into the global community. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.iste.org/standards/iste-standards-for-students\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ISTE Student Standard\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> 1.7 \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global Collaborator\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> offers a framework for how to approach this\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">:\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “Students use digital tools to broaden their perspectives and enrich their learning by collaborating with others and working effectively in teams locally and globally.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are many edtech tools that help foster community building while providing global perspectives and engagement for students, both inside and outside of the classroom. Incorporating global community connections into community building helps students form bridges between all the communities they participate in. It may also open new avenues for students to see themselves as part of a larger global community and give them new awareness and understanding of their place in the world.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>StoryCorps\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> A digital archive of recorded interviews and personal stories that convey the humanity of people from all over the world. “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://storycorps.org\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">StoryCorps\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">’ mission is to preserve and share humanity’s stories in order to build connections between people and create a more just and compassionate world.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Students can explore stories from across the country and the world, or they can search for specific stories that correlate with content and projects for the classroom. Students have the opportunity to recognize the global humanity that brings us together, along with perspectives that may be different from their own.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Flipgrid GridPals\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> While many teachers and students may already be familiar with creating short-form videos using Flipgrid in their classrooms, there is a unique opportunity to connect with other students and classrooms across the world using \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GridPalsFG\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Flipgrid GridPals\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> After logging into their teacher accounts, teachers can search and connect with fellow educators from across the world. This allows teachers to collaborate on learning experiences that make connections between their classrooms asynchronously through video (no time zone constraints) in a safe online learning experience.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Digital Citizenship Institute\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/DigCitInstitute\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Digital Citizenship Institute\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">’s focus is on helping our students connect the world through our shared citizenship in a digital world. It is all about “humanizing the person next to you, around the world, and across the screen. . . .In today’s interconnected world, this is our opportunity to put global education into practice to empower others to become change makers for using tech for good in local, global and digital communities.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> “DigCitKids” is one aspect of student engagement and community that is available from the Digital Citizenship Institute. This initiative is focused on creating digital citizenship opportunities for kids by kids, with a focus on solving real community problems.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Google Earth\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b> \u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/GoogleEarthEd\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Google Earth\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is more than just an online map; it also provides resources, lessons, and integrations to be used with students. These include “. . . step-by-step guides and tutorials on Google’s Geo Tools, inspirational stories, plus lesson plans, product information, and much more.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Helping students learn about geography and place gives them a better sense of the world and their place in it. These lessons and resources are varied and help students make connections between people, the land they inhabit, and their impact on it.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>PenPal Schools\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Making connections and collaborations with students from dozens of countries across the world allows students to read, write, and create original projects. “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/PenPalConnect\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">PenPal Schools \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">connect students from 150 countries to make friends and discover the world.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> Students can collaborate with students from other countries on projects that matter to them. This is a unique opportunity to not only communicate with students from across the world but also work together on projects with an educational context.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Mystery Skype\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> This is a way to build a global community with other classrooms from across the world. It has been described as a global guessing game, in which teachers collaborate and have their classes meet via Skype (or any other online conferencing platform), then have students try to guess each other’s location. There are many forms of this “\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/MysterySkypeWhere\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mystery Skype\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">” format, and teachers can be creative in their collaboration to set up the activities (such as only asking the other class yes or no questions).\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> With activities such as this, teachers and students connect with classrooms across the world, expand their cultural awareness, and hone their geography skills—while also collaborating as a class to guess the location of the mystery classroom.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Global Read Aloud\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>What It Is:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> What if your students could read the same book and collaborate with students from across the world? They can! Each year during a six-week period, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://bit.ly/ReadAloudGlobal\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Global Read Aloud\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> helps students and teachers connect with resources and activities that are based on a common book. Teachers can connect with other classes from around the world that are participating and decide how much time they would like to dedicate and how involved they would like to be.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>Global Community Connection:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> To make these global connections with other classes, teachers can harness the power of edtech to connect using tools such as Skype, Twitter, Padlet, or Flipgrid. “Teachers get a community of other educators to do a global project with, hopefully inspiring them to continue these connections through the year.”\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/HistoryFrog\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-60168\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-800x671.png\" alt=\"Karalee Wong Nakatsuka\" width=\"250\" height=\"210\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-800x671.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-1020x856.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-160x134.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-768x645.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-1536x1289.png 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-2048x1719.png 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Nakatsuka-headshot-1-1920x1611.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\">Karalee Wong Nakatsuka\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, M.A. E.D., is a veteran middle school U.S. history teacher. Also a Gilder Lehrman Master Teacher, she was recognized in 2019 as the Gilder Lehrman History Teacher of the Year for California and was a top 10 finalist for the national award. She serves on the American250 History Education Advisory Council, the Gilder Lehrman Teacher Advisory Council and the Monticello Teacher Advisory Group. She’s a member of the California Council for the Social Studies (CCSS), the National Council for the Social Studies (NCSS), the iCivics Education Network and the National Council for History Education (NCHE). Nakatsuka appeared in the New York Times multimedia story “What’s Actually Being Taught in History Class?” and was featured in an article in Time Magazine’s September 2021 issue titled “From Teachers to Custodians, Meet the Educators Who Saved a Pandemic School Year.” She’s passionate about using technology to engage and excite students; sharing the stories and the places where history took place; building community in her classroom; and preparing students to develop as empathetic, informed, engaged and active critical thinkers and citizens who care and make a difference in the world.\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LucyKirchh\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cimg class=\"alignleft wp-image-60160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-800x754.png\" alt=\"Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff\" width=\"250\" height=\"236\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-800x754.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-160x151.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot-768x724.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2022/11/Kirchhoff-headshot.png 904w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 250px) 100vw, 250px\">Laurel Aguilar-Kirchhoff\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, M.S.Ed., is a former history and science educator who now serves as a professional development coordinator and digital learning specialist. Aguilar-Kirchhoff works with educators, administrators and students to successfully integrate educational technology into curriculum for lasting student learning outcomes. Her areas of expertise include digital citizenship, media literacy, blended learning, curriculum instruction and design, and edtech and innovation. She was recognized as the 2018 National History Day California Teacher of the Year, was a top six finalist for the National History Day Teacher of the Year, and was the Inland Area CUE (IACUE) Administrator of the Year in 2022. She’s a Google Certified Trainer, Leading Edge Certified Online Blended Teacher and a member of the iCivics Education Network. Aguilar-Kirchhoff served on the ISTE Digital Citizenship PLN Leadership team and is currently an ISTE Community Leader. \u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/60090/7-edtech-tools-to-connect-students-to-a-global-community","authors":["4354"],"categories":["mindshift_20788","mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_20533","mindshift_822","mindshift_21294","mindshift_545","mindshift_550","mindshift_963","mindshift_851"],"featImg":"mindshift_60234","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_53992":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_53992","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"53992","score":null,"sort":[1563776262000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-parents-can-model-better-screen-time-behavior-for-their-kids","title":"How Parents Can Model Better Screen Time Behavior for Their Kids","publishDate":1563776262,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cem>Anya Kamenetz is an NPR education correspondent, a host of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">Life Kit\u003c/a> \u003cem>and author of \u003c/em>The Art Of Screen Time\u003cem>. This story draws from the book and recent reporting for Life Kit's guide, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510346/kids-and-screen-time\">Parenting: Screen Time And Your Family\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elise Potts picked up her 17-month-old daughter, Eliza, from daycare recently. When they got home they were greeted by a strange scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My husband ... he's waving his arms around like a crazy man.\" Potts says. \"He has these things in his hands, he has a black box on his face ... and [Eliza] looks and she points, all confused, and she says, 'Daddy?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daddy, it turned out, had a new Oculus virtual reality headset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potts, who lives in Seattle, can't help but wonder what her daughter is making of all the digital technology that surrounds her. Eliza's reaction, she says, is \"really cute, but it's also terrifying, because I think of it from her perspective. What does that mean to her?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a good question. The mobile tech revolution is barely a decade old, and it brings special challenges to parents and caregivers, says pediatrician Jenny Radesky, who sees patients at the University of Michigan and is one of the top researchers in the field of parents, children and new media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The telephone took decades to reach 50 million global users, and we had \u003cem>Pokémon Go\u003c/em> do that within, like, two and a half weeks,\" Radesky says. \"So we all feel like we've been blown over by a tidal wave of all this new stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us feel like we're failing, at least at times, to manage the competing bids for attention that come from work, kids, partners and from our digital devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she doesn't want to come off as \"judgy of parents,\" Radesky and other experts shared four takeaways from the research that can guide parents who want to improve their relationships both with their kids and with technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Put your phone away whenever possible when you're with your kids.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us would balk at a family member coming to the dinner table with headphones in, let alone a VR headset. But phones can be just as disruptive to small interactions with children — a phenomenon that some researchers have dubbed \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.childtrends.org/videos/technoference\">technoference\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Potts, like many parents, this is a point of contention. \"It just really drives me crazy when we're all sitting at the dinner table and [my husband] will get a notification on this phone, and he thinks as long as he holds the phone out of [Eliza's] eyesight that it's OK.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents of young children pick up their phones an average of almost 70 times a day, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31195401\">pilot study\u003c/a> Radesky recently published. But most of the parents in that study underestimated both how often they picked up their phones and how much time they spent on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If glancing at the phone is partly an unconscious habit, as Radesky's study suggests, it could get dangerous. In at least two situations, distracted parenting can be a literal life or death issue — when you are driving and when you are at the pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Radesky has insights about the more subtle, emotional effects of this dynamic — what she calls the \"micro-interactions\" among parents, kids and screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stop using the phone as a pacifier — for you or your kid. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potts frets over this situation with her daughter: \"We're on a bus, we stayed out a little too long somewhere and we're going home and we're late for nap time and she's going to have a meltdown ... so I pull out the phone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wants to know, \"Is that a bad thing?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Radesky says this is incredibly common. Her research has found a correlation between behavior problems and screen use by children \u003cem>and\u003c/em> by their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By following families over time, her research has documented what she calls a \"bi-directional flow\" between parents' screen use, kids' screen use and kids' emotional issues, whether tantrums and acting out, or conversely, becoming more withdrawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the more kids act out, the more stressed parents get. The more stressed parents get, the more they turn to screens as a distraction — for themselves and for their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, the more parents turn to screens, for themselves or their kids, the more their kids tend to act out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Radesky adds that when you check out by pulling out your phone in tough moments, you miss important information that can help you be a better parent — and help prevent more tough moments in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to be watching, listening and gathering evidence so we can respond in the right way and help our children develop their own self-regulation skills,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Use apps like Moment or Screen Time to track your screen use and block the phone from working at certain times — like during dinner.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep it out of sight and out of mind: Create a charging station near the front door; leave it in your bag during stressful times like the morning or evening routine.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Turn off notifications, so you decide when to check the phone.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>But life isn't perfect, and sometimes we need to be in two places at once. If you do need to use your phone around your kids:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Wait for moments your kids are truly engaged and happy doing something else.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Narrate what you are doing, says researcher danah boyd. \"Let's check the weather to see what you should wear to school,\" for instance, or, \"Let's ask Mom to pick up milk on her way home from work.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you are in the habit of using a screen to calm your child, instead try a short video or audio track that teaches more mindful calming techniques. Radesky suggests an \u003ca href=\"https://ny.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/sesame-belly-breathe/belly-breathe-sesame-street/\">Elmo \"belly breathing\" video\u003c/a> from \u003cem>Sesame Street\u003c/em>. GoNoodle has similar videos \u003ca href=\"https://family.gonoodle.com/channels/flow\">targeted to older kids\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Before you post a picture or share a cute story about your kids on social media, think twice and get their permission if possible. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A British study found that \u003ca href=\"https://parentzone.org.uk/article/average-parent-shares-almost-1500-images-their-child-online-their-5th-birthday\">parents share about 1,500 images \u003c/a>of their children by the time they are 5. Stacey Steinberg, a law professor at the University of Florida, believes we should think twice about this behavior, which she calls \"sharenting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg specializes in children's rights. She's also a photographer and mother of three, and she started to wonder: \"How could we balance our kids' right to privacy with our interest in sharing our stories?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg wants parents \"to consider the well-being of their kids not only right now but years into the future if they were to come across the information that had been being shared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Check your privacy settings on all social media sites.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don't share naked or partially clothed pictures or videos online.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Give kids veto power over what you share as soon as they are old enough to grasp the concept of \"sending Grandma this picture\" — 3 or 4.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don't openly share personally identifiable information of your children, like their faces, names, birthdays or exact addresses. That can expose them to data brokers, who build profiles and sell them to marketers; or to hackers, who can create fraudulent accounts and spoil kids' credit before they start kindergarten.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For example, after her 8-year-old's gymnastics meet, Steinberg put the laptop on the kitchen counter so they could look through photos together and pick the ones to post. Then they responded together to comments from family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a best practice for a few reasons, she says. It protects kids' privacy, and it helps them stay connected with friends and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, it's a great way of role modeling respectful behavior and good judgment on social media. Kids need these training wheels to understand how to interact online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Don't use technology to stalk your children. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apps like Find My iPhone give us the ability to see where our children are at all times. You can also check their browser history, look up grades, read their group chats and text them all day long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But should you?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Devorah Heitner, a parent educator and the author of\u003cem> Screenwise\u003c/em>, says, \"When our kids feel trusted, they often will make better decisions than if they don't feel trusted, because we're not encouraging them to feel like they need to lie or be deceptive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately we are raising adults who will grow up and need to make their own choices. We have to balance protecting them with empowering them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>When your children turn 13 and get their own social media accounts, write down their passwords and put them in a sealed envelope. Let them know that if they seem to be in trouble, their grades slip or they skip out on curfew, you will open the envelope and find out what you need to know.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Researcher danah boyd, author of\u003cem> It's Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens\u003c/em>, says your kid may or may not choose to be your \"friend' on social media. As they get later on into high school, It's good to recruit trusted people in their network — older siblings, cousins, family friends or aunts — to follow them and also keep an eye out. It really does take a village.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Parents%2C+Sometimes+You%27re+The+Problem+When+It+Comes+To+Tech+Use&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Parents of young kids pick up their phones an average of almost 70 times a day — often to escape a stressful parenting moment. Here's how to stop using your phone as a pacifier, for you or your kids.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1563776262,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":39,"wordCount":1592},"headData":{"title":"How Parents Can Model Better Screen Time Behavior for Their Kids | KQED","description":"Parents of young kids pick up their phones an average of almost 70 times a day — often to escape a stressful parenting moment. Here's how to stop using your phone as a pacifier, for you or your kids.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Parents Can Model Better Screen Time Behavior for Their Kids","datePublished":"2019-07-22T06:17:42.000Z","dateModified":"2019-07-22T06:17:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"53992 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=53992","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2019/07/21/how-parents-can-model-better-screen-time-behavior-for-their-kids/","disqusTitle":"How Parents Can Model Better Screen Time Behavior for Their Kids","nprByline":"Anya Kamenetz","nprImageAgency":" Katherine Streeter for NPR","nprStoryId":"742168987","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=742168987&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/21/742168987/parents-sometimes-youre-the-problem-when-it-comes-to-tech-use?ft=nprml&f=742168987","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sun, 21 Jul 2019 15:23:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Sun, 21 Jul 2019 07:01:28 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sun, 21 Jul 2019 15:23:23 -0400","path":"/mindshift/53992/how-parents-can-model-better-screen-time-behavior-for-their-kids","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Anya Kamenetz is an NPR education correspondent, a host of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">Life Kit\u003c/a> \u003cem>and author of \u003c/em>The Art Of Screen Time\u003cem>. This story draws from the book and recent reporting for Life Kit's guide, \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510346/kids-and-screen-time\">Parenting: Screen Time And Your Family\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Elise Potts picked up her 17-month-old daughter, Eliza, from daycare recently. When they got home they were greeted by a strange scene.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My husband ... he's waving his arms around like a crazy man.\" Potts says. \"He has these things in his hands, he has a black box on his face ... and [Eliza] looks and she points, all confused, and she says, 'Daddy?' \"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Daddy, it turned out, had a new Oculus virtual reality headset.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potts, who lives in Seattle, can't help but wonder what her daughter is making of all the digital technology that surrounds her. Eliza's reaction, she says, is \"really cute, but it's also terrifying, because I think of it from her perspective. What does that mean to her?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's a good question. The mobile tech revolution is barely a decade old, and it brings special challenges to parents and caregivers, says pediatrician Jenny Radesky, who sees patients at the University of Michigan and is one of the top researchers in the field of parents, children and new media.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The telephone took decades to reach 50 million global users, and we had \u003cem>Pokémon Go\u003c/em> do that within, like, two and a half weeks,\" Radesky says. \"So we all feel like we've been blown over by a tidal wave of all this new stuff.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us feel like we're failing, at least at times, to manage the competing bids for attention that come from work, kids, partners and from our digital devices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While she doesn't want to come off as \"judgy of parents,\" Radesky and other experts shared four takeaways from the research that can guide parents who want to improve their relationships both with their kids and with technology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Put your phone away whenever possible when you're with your kids.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of us would balk at a family member coming to the dinner table with headphones in, let alone a VR headset. But phones can be just as disruptive to small interactions with children — a phenomenon that some researchers have dubbed \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.childtrends.org/videos/technoference\">technoference\u003c/a>.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Potts, like many parents, this is a point of contention. \"It just really drives me crazy when we're all sitting at the dinner table and [my husband] will get a notification on this phone, and he thinks as long as he holds the phone out of [Eliza's] eyesight that it's OK.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parents of young children pick up their phones an average of almost 70 times a day, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31195401\">pilot study\u003c/a> Radesky recently published. But most of the parents in that study underestimated both how often they picked up their phones and how much time they spent on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If glancing at the phone is partly an unconscious habit, as Radesky's study suggests, it could get dangerous. In at least two situations, distracted parenting can be a literal life or death issue — when you are driving and when you are at the pool.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Radesky has insights about the more subtle, emotional effects of this dynamic — what she calls the \"micro-interactions\" among parents, kids and screens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Stop using the phone as a pacifier — for you or your kid. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potts frets over this situation with her daughter: \"We're on a bus, we stayed out a little too long somewhere and we're going home and we're late for nap time and she's going to have a meltdown ... so I pull out the phone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She wants to know, \"Is that a bad thing?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Radesky says this is incredibly common. Her research has found a correlation between behavior problems and screen use by children \u003cem>and\u003c/em> by their parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By following families over time, her research has documented what she calls a \"bi-directional flow\" between parents' screen use, kids' screen use and kids' emotional issues, whether tantrums and acting out, or conversely, becoming more withdrawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, the more kids act out, the more stressed parents get. The more stressed parents get, the more they turn to screens as a distraction — for themselves and for their kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, the more parents turn to screens, for themselves or their kids, the more their kids tend to act out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Radesky adds that when you check out by pulling out your phone in tough moments, you miss important information that can help you be a better parent — and help prevent more tough moments in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We need to be watching, listening and gathering evidence so we can respond in the right way and help our children develop their own self-regulation skills,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Use apps like Moment or Screen Time to track your screen use and block the phone from working at certain times — like during dinner.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Keep it out of sight and out of mind: Create a charging station near the front door; leave it in your bag during stressful times like the morning or evening routine.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Turn off notifications, so you decide when to check the phone.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>But life isn't perfect, and sometimes we need to be in two places at once. If you do need to use your phone around your kids:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Wait for moments your kids are truly engaged and happy doing something else.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Narrate what you are doing, says researcher danah boyd. \"Let's check the weather to see what you should wear to school,\" for instance, or, \"Let's ask Mom to pick up milk on her way home from work.\"\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>If you are in the habit of using a screen to calm your child, instead try a short video or audio track that teaches more mindful calming techniques. Radesky suggests an \u003ca href=\"https://ny.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/sesame-belly-breathe/belly-breathe-sesame-street/\">Elmo \"belly breathing\" video\u003c/a> from \u003cem>Sesame Street\u003c/em>. GoNoodle has similar videos \u003ca href=\"https://family.gonoodle.com/channels/flow\">targeted to older kids\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Before you post a picture or share a cute story about your kids on social media, think twice and get their permission if possible. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A British study found that \u003ca href=\"https://parentzone.org.uk/article/average-parent-shares-almost-1500-images-their-child-online-their-5th-birthday\">parents share about 1,500 images \u003c/a>of their children by the time they are 5. Stacey Steinberg, a law professor at the University of Florida, believes we should think twice about this behavior, which she calls \"sharenting.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg specializes in children's rights. She's also a photographer and mother of three, and she started to wonder: \"How could we balance our kids' right to privacy with our interest in sharing our stories?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steinberg wants parents \"to consider the well-being of their kids not only right now but years into the future if they were to come across the information that had been being shared.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Check your privacy settings on all social media sites.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don't share naked or partially clothed pictures or videos online.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Give kids veto power over what you share as soon as they are old enough to grasp the concept of \"sending Grandma this picture\" — 3 or 4.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Don't openly share personally identifiable information of your children, like their faces, names, birthdays or exact addresses. That can expose them to data brokers, who build profiles and sell them to marketers; or to hackers, who can create fraudulent accounts and spoil kids' credit before they start kindergarten.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>For example, after her 8-year-old's gymnastics meet, Steinberg put the laptop on the kitchen counter so they could look through photos together and pick the ones to post. Then they responded together to comments from family and friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a best practice for a few reasons, she says. It protects kids' privacy, and it helps them stay connected with friends and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, it's a great way of role modeling respectful behavior and good judgment on social media. Kids need these training wheels to understand how to interact online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Don't use technology to stalk your children. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apps like Find My iPhone give us the ability to see where our children are at all times. You can also check their browser history, look up grades, read their group chats and text them all day long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But should you?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Devorah Heitner, a parent educator and the author of\u003cem> Screenwise\u003c/em>, says, \"When our kids feel trusted, they often will make better decisions than if they don't feel trusted, because we're not encouraging them to feel like they need to lie or be deceptive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately we are raising adults who will grow up and need to make their own choices. We have to balance protecting them with empowering them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>When your children turn 13 and get their own social media accounts, write down their passwords and put them in a sealed envelope. Let them know that if they seem to be in trouble, their grades slip or they skip out on curfew, you will open the envelope and find out what you need to know.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Researcher danah boyd, author of\u003cem> It's Complicated: The Social Lives of Networked Teens\u003c/em>, says your kid may or may not choose to be your \"friend' on social media. As they get later on into high school, It's good to recruit trusted people in their network — older siblings, cousins, family friends or aunts — to follow them and also keep an eye out. It really does take a village.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Parents%2C+Sometimes+You%27re+The+Problem+When+It+Comes+To+Tech+Use&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/53992/how-parents-can-model-better-screen-time-behavior-for-their-kids","authors":["byline_mindshift_53992"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_822","mindshift_968","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_20568","mindshift_21116","mindshift_20816"],"featImg":"mindshift_53993","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_53123":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_53123","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"53123","score":null,"sort":[1553494420000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-teach-students-historical-inquiry-through-media-literacy-and-critical-thinking","title":"How to Teach Students Historical Inquiry Through Media Literacy And Critical Thinking","publishDate":1553494420,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Many students are not good at evaluating the credibility of what they see and read online according to a \u003ca href=\"https://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">now-famous Stanford study\u003c/a> that was released just after the 2016 election. And while it’s true that 82 percent of middle schoolers couldn’t tell the difference between a native advertisement and a news article, neither could 59 percent of adults in a\u003ca href=\"https://www.iab.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/IAB_Edelman_Berland_Study.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> study\u003c/a> conducted by the advertising industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/faculty/wineburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sam Wineburg\u003c/a>, the Stanford professor who led the middle school study, is worried that everyone is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2019/02/12/internet-confusion-rethink-education-digital-sputnik-moment-column/2769781002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">profoundly confused\u003c/a>” right now and that schools aren’t doing enough to teach students the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11207898/fake-or-real-how-to-self-check-the-news-and-get-the-facts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">skills they need to be effective citizens and digital consumers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We blame our kids for not knowing the difference between ads and news stories, but the kinds of skills we are talking about are not widely taught in schools,” Wineburg said on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869053/history-is-being-taught-wrong-and-how-to-fix-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum program \u003c/a>while discussing his new book\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Learn-History-When-Already-Phone/dp/022635721X\">\u003cem> Why Learn History (When It's Already on Your Phone)\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “So we can’t blame young people for not knowing things they haven’t been taught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks the most logical place to insert more digital media literacy is in the history curriculum, where students already should be learning to question dominant narratives, find good evidence and practice strong research skills. To do that, Wineburg said teachers need to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/51857/lies-my-teacher-told-me-and-how-american-history-can-be-used-as-a-weapon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ditch textbooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We teach kids facts as ready-made without giving them the capacity and cultivating the capability to ask what is the relationship between claim and evidence,” Wineburg said. He and others argue that asking students to memorize precise dates does very little to give them a broader sense of the arc of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that the lessons of history are exactly the kind of thing we should be talking about in history class,” Wineburg said. “But rather than teaching them as rules or things fixed in time or set in amber, these are precisely the kinds of things that are worthy of debate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, most people look up information they don’t know on the internet, including students. So it’s even more important that students have tools they can use to make educated decisions about what they\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/31845/teach-kids-to-be-their-own-filter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> trust online\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>IN THE CLASSROOM\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smuhsd.org/domain/514\">Will Colglazier\u003c/a>, a U.S. history teacher in the San Mateo Union High School District, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.aft.org/sites/default/files/ae_fall2017_fake-news.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">taking this call to action to heart\u003c/a> at Aragon High School. He, like so many teachers, feels pressure to cover all his content and keep to the pacing guides, but he also thinks students need fundamental digital literacy skills in order to continue learning history into the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less is more and you have to cut content in order to make room to bring in the skills that you deem essential,” Colglazier said. “This isn’t the only time they could access information. It’s not like their ability to learn US history ends in May.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier balances the curriculum coverage pressure with cross-cutting skills by thinking carefully about his course goals. He establishes those at the beginning of the year so that if he ends up cutting a unit to make time for something else, he can be sure he’s still hitting those goals. Especially in his Advanced Placement classes he feels pressure to get through all the material, to make sure his students get high scores, and thus succeed. But at some point he decided enough was enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I kept getting frustrated teaching the course and having my unit tests aligned with what the AP test is like,” Colglazier said. That led to boring assessments and a boring class. Instead, he decided to mix in more historical inquiry into his classes, with plenty of practice on the AP-style test questions as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started asking more controversial, open-ended questions and asked students to find information to support their claims about those topics. He wanted students asking questions and engaging in the activities of real historians, so he pushed students to engage their critical thinking skills, put issues into context, and gave them opportunities to close read for perspectives and silences. He thought those historical skills would transfer to the digital space -- but he was wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hypothesis that it would just transfer for all is not true,” Colglazier said. “It must be explicitly taught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His students didn’t do well on the \u003ca href=\"https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:fv751yt5934/SHEG%20Evaluating%20Information%20Online.pdf\">Stanford test\u003c/a> to determine ads versus news stories. But they were doing a lot of online research in class already, so Colglazier decided to spend some time explicitly teaching students \u003ca href=\"https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/18/06/digital-native-digital-expert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how to fact-check websites\u003c/a>, to read laterally, and go beyond slick-looking web design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t like to be duped,” Colglazier said of his students. “That’s an intrinsic desire of anyone. You don’t want to look like an idiot. They want support and they’re pretty willing to accept it. Some of it is not rocket science, it’s just about explicitly teaching it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Colglazier regularly replaces multiple-choice or short-answer questions with activities that require students to mimic the experience of online research. He’ll ask a broad question and send them to an article that may not be from a reliable site. Students have to figure out if they can trust the information and, if not, find more reliable sources to back up their claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier doesn’t think these types of activities stray too far from his curriculum. Whereas before he might have distributed several documents he’d found and ask students to work at their desks to use the documents to back up a claim, now he’s sending them online. And he’s not curating the resources for them. He expects students to have a better reason to trust a source than “the teacher gave it to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing I have found is that it’s messy,” Colglazier said. “And it’s certainly less efficient than if I just told them the information. But it’s about the skill development and cutting content to provide that space where the messiness occurs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier is also trying to be clearer with students about how these skills apply to both history and life. Often students get nihilistic at first, thinking that every time they visit a website they’ll have to go down a research rabbit hole. That may be the price of living in a world with so much information at their fingertips; they have to ask questions about their sources. The textbook itself is ripe for interrogation in Colglazier’s class. Textbook can be a useful course skeleton, he says, but he wants students to question its silences and framing as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When students read the textbook, they mine it for facts without thinking meta about it,” he said. “And we want to teach them to do that with all their information. You’re protecting them from learning to some degree” if you don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LONGER TERM SOLUTIONS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Wineburg at Stanford doesn’t blame teachers for not immediately knowing how to teach these crucial \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47580/media-literacy-five-ways-teachers-are-fighting-fake-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">digital media skills\u003c/a>, but he hopes studies like his will prompt changes. In the short term he wants everyone -- adults and kids alike -- to learn to use the internet like fact-checkers do. On top of that, he’d like to see \u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/civic-online-reasoning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social studies teaching shift \u003c/a>away from covering every unit in a huge textbook, and toward critical inquiry about history. Beyond all that, he thinks we need a dramatic change in how we consume information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/samwineburg/status/1085297255781871616\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter thread\u003c/a> capturing these ideas Wineburg writes, “Of course, in our Civics classes we need new approaches. But if we think this issue is only about Civics, we’re deluding ourselves. This is about how we teach EVERY subject.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/samwineburg/status/1085297255781871616\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And a few tweets later in the thread: “We need professional development for teachers, who sometimes are as confused as their students. We need to overhaul teacher education, so that new teachers feel prepared when they tell kids to open their Chromebooks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without this type of dramatic change to teaching, Wineburg worries democracy itself is at stake. If society can’t determine what a fact is, he argues, then we have no basis for a justice system and the propagandists win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a slippery slope to a non-democratic form of government,” Wineburg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier is doing his best to prevent that from happening by making sure the next generation of voters know better. “What I’ve tried to instill with them is the concept of evidence-based and holding both sides accountable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Students must be explicitly taught how to evaluate the trustworthiness of digital sites in order to successfully navigate their futures as citizens of the world.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1553494420,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":30,"wordCount":1512},"headData":{"title":"How to Teach Students Historical Inquiry Through Media Literacy And Critical Thinking | KQED","description":"Students must be explicitly taught how to evaluate the trustworthiness of digital sites in order to successfully navigate their futures as citizens of the world.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How to Teach Students Historical Inquiry Through Media Literacy And Critical Thinking","datePublished":"2019-03-25T06:13:40.000Z","dateModified":"2019-03-25T06:13:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"53123 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=53123","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2019/03/24/how-to-teach-students-historical-inquiry-through-media-literacy-and-critical-thinking/","disqusTitle":"How to Teach Students Historical Inquiry Through Media Literacy And Critical Thinking","path":"/mindshift/53123/how-to-teach-students-historical-inquiry-through-media-literacy-and-critical-thinking","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many students are not good at evaluating the credibility of what they see and read online according to a \u003ca href=\"https://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">now-famous Stanford study\u003c/a> that was released just after the 2016 election. And while it’s true that 82 percent of middle schoolers couldn’t tell the difference between a native advertisement and a news article, neither could 59 percent of adults in a\u003ca href=\"https://www.iab.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/IAB_Edelman_Berland_Study.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> study\u003c/a> conducted by the advertising industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ed.stanford.edu/faculty/wineburg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sam Wineburg\u003c/a>, the Stanford professor who led the middle school study, is worried that everyone is “\u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/opinion/2019/02/12/internet-confusion-rethink-education-digital-sputnik-moment-column/2769781002/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">profoundly confused\u003c/a>” right now and that schools aren’t doing enough to teach students the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11207898/fake-or-real-how-to-self-check-the-news-and-get-the-facts\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">skills they need to be effective citizens and digital consumers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We blame our kids for not knowing the difference between ads and news stories, but the kinds of skills we are talking about are not widely taught in schools,” Wineburg said on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101869053/history-is-being-taught-wrong-and-how-to-fix-it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">KQED’s Forum program \u003c/a>while discussing his new book\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Learn-History-When-Already-Phone/dp/022635721X\">\u003cem> Why Learn History (When It's Already on Your Phone)\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. “So we can’t blame young people for not knowing things they haven’t been taught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thinks the most logical place to insert more digital media literacy is in the history curriculum, where students already should be learning to question dominant narratives, find good evidence and practice strong research skills. To do that, Wineburg said teachers need to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/51857/lies-my-teacher-told-me-and-how-american-history-can-be-used-as-a-weapon\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ditch textbooks\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We teach kids facts as ready-made without giving them the capacity and cultivating the capability to ask what is the relationship between claim and evidence,” Wineburg said. He and others argue that asking students to memorize precise dates does very little to give them a broader sense of the arc of history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think that the lessons of history are exactly the kind of thing we should be talking about in history class,” Wineburg said. “But rather than teaching them as rules or things fixed in time or set in amber, these are precisely the kinds of things that are worthy of debate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, most people look up information they don’t know on the internet, including students. So it’s even more important that students have tools they can use to make educated decisions about what they\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/31845/teach-kids-to-be-their-own-filter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> trust online\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>IN THE CLASSROOM\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.smuhsd.org/domain/514\">Will Colglazier\u003c/a>, a U.S. history teacher in the San Mateo Union High School District, is \u003ca href=\"https://www.aft.org/sites/default/files/ae_fall2017_fake-news.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">taking this call to action to heart\u003c/a> at Aragon High School. He, like so many teachers, feels pressure to cover all his content and keep to the pacing guides, but he also thinks students need fundamental digital literacy skills in order to continue learning history into the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Less is more and you have to cut content in order to make room to bring in the skills that you deem essential,” Colglazier said. “This isn’t the only time they could access information. It’s not like their ability to learn US history ends in May.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier balances the curriculum coverage pressure with cross-cutting skills by thinking carefully about his course goals. He establishes those at the beginning of the year so that if he ends up cutting a unit to make time for something else, he can be sure he’s still hitting those goals. Especially in his Advanced Placement classes he feels pressure to get through all the material, to make sure his students get high scores, and thus succeed. But at some point he decided enough was enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I kept getting frustrated teaching the course and having my unit tests aligned with what the AP test is like,” Colglazier said. That led to boring assessments and a boring class. Instead, he decided to mix in more historical inquiry into his classes, with plenty of practice on the AP-style test questions as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started asking more controversial, open-ended questions and asked students to find information to support their claims about those topics. He wanted students asking questions and engaging in the activities of real historians, so he pushed students to engage their critical thinking skills, put issues into context, and gave them opportunities to close read for perspectives and silences. He thought those historical skills would transfer to the digital space -- but he was wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The hypothesis that it would just transfer for all is not true,” Colglazier said. “It must be explicitly taught.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His students didn’t do well on the \u003ca href=\"https://stacks.stanford.edu/file/druid:fv751yt5934/SHEG%20Evaluating%20Information%20Online.pdf\">Stanford test\u003c/a> to determine ads versus news stories. But they were doing a lot of online research in class already, so Colglazier decided to spend some time explicitly teaching students \u003ca href=\"https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/18/06/digital-native-digital-expert\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">how to fact-check websites\u003c/a>, to read laterally, and go beyond slick-looking web design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t like to be duped,” Colglazier said of his students. “That’s an intrinsic desire of anyone. You don’t want to look like an idiot. They want support and they’re pretty willing to accept it. Some of it is not rocket science, it’s just about explicitly teaching it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Colglazier regularly replaces multiple-choice or short-answer questions with activities that require students to mimic the experience of online research. He’ll ask a broad question and send them to an article that may not be from a reliable site. Students have to figure out if they can trust the information and, if not, find more reliable sources to back up their claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier doesn’t think these types of activities stray too far from his curriculum. Whereas before he might have distributed several documents he’d found and ask students to work at their desks to use the documents to back up a claim, now he’s sending them online. And he’s not curating the resources for them. He expects students to have a better reason to trust a source than “the teacher gave it to me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One thing I have found is that it’s messy,” Colglazier said. “And it’s certainly less efficient than if I just told them the information. But it’s about the skill development and cutting content to provide that space where the messiness occurs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier is also trying to be clearer with students about how these skills apply to both history and life. Often students get nihilistic at first, thinking that every time they visit a website they’ll have to go down a research rabbit hole. That may be the price of living in a world with so much information at their fingertips; they have to ask questions about their sources. The textbook itself is ripe for interrogation in Colglazier’s class. Textbook can be a useful course skeleton, he says, but he wants students to question its silences and framing as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When students read the textbook, they mine it for facts without thinking meta about it,” he said. “And we want to teach them to do that with all their information. You’re protecting them from learning to some degree” if you don’t.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>LONGER TERM SOLUTIONS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Wineburg at Stanford doesn’t blame teachers for not immediately knowing how to teach these crucial \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/47580/media-literacy-five-ways-teachers-are-fighting-fake-news\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">digital media skills\u003c/a>, but he hopes studies like his will prompt changes. In the short term he wants everyone -- adults and kids alike -- to learn to use the internet like fact-checkers do. On top of that, he’d like to see \u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/civic-online-reasoning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">social studies teaching shift \u003c/a>away from covering every unit in a huge textbook, and toward critical inquiry about history. Beyond all that, he thinks we need a dramatic change in how we consume information.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/samwineburg/status/1085297255781871616\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Twitter thread\u003c/a> capturing these ideas Wineburg writes, “Of course, in our Civics classes we need new approaches. But if we think this issue is only about Civics, we’re deluding ourselves. This is about how we teach EVERY subject.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1085297255781871616"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>And a few tweets later in the thread: “We need professional development for teachers, who sometimes are as confused as their students. We need to overhaul teacher education, so that new teachers feel prepared when they tell kids to open their Chromebooks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without this type of dramatic change to teaching, Wineburg worries democracy itself is at stake. If society can’t determine what a fact is, he argues, then we have no basis for a justice system and the propagandists win.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a slippery slope to a non-democratic form of government,” Wineburg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colglazier is doing his best to prevent that from happening by making sure the next generation of voters know better. “What I’ve tried to instill with them is the concept of evidence-based and holding both sides accountable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/53123/how-to-teach-students-historical-inquiry-through-media-literacy-and-critical-thinking","authors":["234"],"categories":["mindshift_192","mindshift_193"],"tags":["mindshift_20533","mindshift_822","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_1013","mindshift_21067","mindshift_20615"],"featImg":"mindshift_53126","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_52180":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_52180","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"52180","score":null,"sort":[1538201000000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-help-kids-manage-sleep-schoolwork-and-screens","title":"How to Help Kids Manage Sleep, Schoolwork and Screens","publishDate":1538201000,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the aftermath of a huge New England snowstorm, a friend’s car \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/03/14/why-kids-love-a-minor-crisis/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">got stuck driving down KJ Dell’Antonia’s driveway\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. So she and her four children bundled up and headed out with shovels. After freeing the car once, it slid into a snowbank, and they had to start again as the sun was setting. It was “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hard, unpleasant work.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">” Yet after getting the friend safely on her way, one of the children turned to Dell’Antonia and said, “That was fun!”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story is emblematic of the paradoxes and possibilities of daily family life. In her new book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/How-Happier-Parent-Raising-Family/dp/0735210470/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How to Be a Happier Parent\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Dell’Antonia – \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the former lead editor of the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">New York Times\u003c/span>\u003c/i> \u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Motherlode\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> blog –\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">writes about “how to create the best possible family life we can with the hand we’ve been dealt.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to her research and lived experience, happier parenting often involves reframing our expectations and approach to the tough spots of family life. From chores to sibling relationships, she recommends first changing how we think about those issues and then change what can be done. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take family responsibilities. “A kid who has everything done for them begins to see themselves as a \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">job\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for their parents instead of as a joy or a help,” said Dell-Antonia. This setup harms kids in at least two ways. It leads to an “an artificial sense of their own importance” while also undercutting the vital role children \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">could\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> play in family life. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Everyone is happier when they are part of a larger community. For kids, the family is that community. When they are part of the day-to-day running of a household, it tells them, ‘I’m part of the team, and without me, things don’t work as well.’ They feel like they are a helpful and necessary part of their family.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Viewing children as inherently capable changes our approach to interacting with them. “They can do things,” said Dell’Antonia. “But we mostly don’t let them.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In other words, assume capacity, expect responsibility and keep the lines of communication wide open. This basic approach can help parents and children navigate perennial struggles such as sleep, schoolwork and screens.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sleep and Teenagers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How do we change how we think about sleep? Abundant research confirms that lack of sleep can have cascading consequences – from \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/33885/why-teens-lack-of-sleep-may-cause-depression\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">poor mental health\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/46898/why-late-nights-lead-to-crankier-more-emotional-teens\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">emotional reactivity\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/26079/why-sleeping-may-be-more-important-than-studying\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">impaired cognition\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A parent’s instinct might be to either attempt to impose sleep rules or take a completely hands-off approach. But a third way, said Dell’Antonia, is engaging teens in the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">why\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and then letting them manage the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for themselves. Instead of focusing on the consequences of sleep deprivation, identify the sleep \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">benefits\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that will be most appealing to your child – from \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29135639\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">increasing their speed as an athlete\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to performing better in school. After all, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/thinking-about-kids/201110/teens-respond-pleasure-not-pain-parent-accordingly\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">teenage brain is more motivated\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by the possibility of pleasure than by the fear of pain.\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If you teach your kids why sleep is important and what it can do for them, they can genuinely want and learn to change,” said Dell’Antonia. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents can model this mental shift; “Don’t talk about it as ‘you \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">have \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to go to sleep’ – it’s not a bad place to go! You ‘get to go to sleep.’ In fact, your morning self is begging you to go to sleep right now.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Making healthy family sleep habits a reality might involve rethinking schedule – or \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">over\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">scheduling. For kids in multiple afterschool activities, after dinner marks the moment “you finally get free of other people telling you what to do,” said Dell’Antonia. “If they are of the mindset that they don’t get any free time, some of those afternoon activities might need to go. It might be too much. You can’t have better mornings without significant shifts in days and evenings.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Homework Battles\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“In my own research, homework appears among the top four of anecdotally reported stress points for parents,” said Dell’Antonia. “Homework seems to nip away at our feelings of satisfaction as parents,” especially when parents reported getting into regular arguments with their kids about it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She has a simple message for parents caught up in homework drama: “It’s not your homework. It’s just not. It’s not your job to make sure it gets done. It’s not your job to make sure it gets back in the backpack. It’s not your job to make sure it gets returned to school. It doesn’t matter how it gets done – it’s that they learn how to do it themselves.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This means parents have to take the long view – weeks, months, “even years,” said Dell’Antonia. If you are deeply entwined, you have to take steps to “extract yourself from the process.” For example, instead of editing a child’s essay, you could instead let them read it out loud to you so they can hear how it sounds to an audience. You can help them structure time and space to get work done – without hovering or micromanaging. If a child really needs more support – but you find yourself in a power struggle – talk to the teacher about options or look for an outside tutor or homework helper. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If family life is not tenable with the current homework pattern, she says to work with your child to shift the responsibility onto their shoulders and tell the teacher “when and if homework gets to you, it will be my \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">kid’s\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> work.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Screen Time Dilemmas\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Screen time is tough,” said Dell’Antonia. “Life is totally different for our kids than it was for us. We can accept that it is scary and hard for \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">all\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of us.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The goal “is not to prevent your kids from using any technology in your house, but teaching them how to manage it \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">out\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of your house.” After all, no one wants to “send a kid out in the world who is just going to play Fortnight until they run out of food and money!” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In her research, happier families have an ongoing family dialogue about their family’s values and how screens fit into that. And that means adults – not just tweens and teens -- are seeking to build and model healthier screen habits.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Once you have a shared vision, there are still details to work out. In her book, Dell’Antonia offers some questions you can use to start a discussion with teens -- whether at the dinner table or in the car. These include: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How much screen time would you consider reasonable on a school night? \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Do you want to consume, or do you want to create?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When is the latest you think you should be sending or receiving a text?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Is it hard for you not to look at your phone while you do homework? What would help?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What are some things you like to do on the weekend? How much of that time do you want to spend on watching things or playing video games?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What will you do if you get a text that’s scary or sexy or otherwise worries you?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When your friends are angry with one another, how do you see them using their online connection? How will you use yours? \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What does a good parent-child conversation about digital habits look like? “It looks casual. It looks like listening. It doesn’t look like a checklist,” said Dell’Antonia. “Talk about a celebrity who did something stupid on Twitter. That’s an opening! Take every single opening to have a conversation. How does it make you feel when you see a picture of a party you are not invited to? What’s the problem with sending nude pictures? Teens are aware of this stuff. Find a way to make yourself a part of \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">their\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> conversation. If you’re slamming down rules that do not match their needs and understandings, you aren’t in it with them – you are making it all harder.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Embracing the Happiness of Raising Teens\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents of younger children often worried about how they will navigate the teen years, and how this will affect family happiness. Remember, said Dell’Antonia, “She is not going to turn into a different kid on her 13th birthday. This is still your child. There are still going to be great moments and bad moments. Bigger consequences, bigger relationships, bigger connections. I will have three teenagers this fall. It’s great, and in some ways, better.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s not always easy to parent a teenager – but then, it’s not always easy to \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">be\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> a teenager. So when they are cranky in the morning or don’t finish their homework, “you don’t need to make it worse,” said Dell’Antonia. “When your kids are having a bad morning, you don’t need to chime in. They know they will be late to school. They know they will face external consequences. You can go with silence, you can go with positivity, but you don’t need to pile on to them ... and you don’t need to soak [their upsetness] into you.” At an age when they may want to pull away, let them know, in big and small ways, that they are an indispensable part of the family: “Our kids really thrive when they feel needed, when they feel important.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"When parents assume capacity and expect responsibility from their kids, navigating tough spots can go more smoothly. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1538201000,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1708},"headData":{"title":"How to Help Kids Manage Sleep, Schoolwork and Screens | KQED","description":"When parents assume capacity and expect responsibility from their kids, navigating tough spots can go more smoothly. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How to Help Kids Manage Sleep, Schoolwork and Screens","datePublished":"2018-09-29T06:03:20.000Z","dateModified":"2018-09-29T06:03:20.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"52180 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=52180","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2018/09/28/how-to-help-kids-manage-sleep-schoolwork-and-screens/","disqusTitle":"How to Help Kids Manage Sleep, Schoolwork and Screens","path":"/mindshift/52180/how-to-help-kids-manage-sleep-schoolwork-and-screens","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the aftermath of a huge New England snowstorm, a friend’s car \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://parenting.blogs.nytimes.com/2014/03/14/why-kids-love-a-minor-crisis/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">got stuck driving down KJ Dell’Antonia’s driveway\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. So she and her four children bundled up and headed out with shovels. After freeing the car once, it slid into a snowbank, and they had to start again as the sun was setting. It was “\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hard, unpleasant work.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">” Yet after getting the friend safely on her way, one of the children turned to Dell’Antonia and said, “That was fun!”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story is emblematic of the paradoxes and possibilities of daily family life. In her new book \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/How-Happier-Parent-Raising-Family/dp/0735210470/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How to Be a Happier Parent\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Dell’Antonia – \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the former lead editor of the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">New York Times\u003c/span>\u003c/i> \u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Motherlode\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> blog –\u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">writes about “how to create the best possible family life we can with the hand we’ve been dealt.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">According to her research and lived experience, happier parenting often involves reframing our expectations and approach to the tough spots of family life. From chores to sibling relationships, she recommends first changing how we think about those issues and then change what can be done. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Take family responsibilities. “A kid who has everything done for them begins to see themselves as a \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">job\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for their parents instead of as a joy or a help,” said Dell-Antonia. This setup harms kids in at least two ways. It leads to an “an artificial sense of their own importance” while also undercutting the vital role children \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">could\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> play in family life. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Everyone is happier when they are part of a larger community. For kids, the family is that community. When they are part of the day-to-day running of a household, it tells them, ‘I’m part of the team, and without me, things don’t work as well.’ They feel like they are a helpful and necessary part of their family.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Viewing children as inherently capable changes our approach to interacting with them. “They can do things,” said Dell’Antonia. “But we mostly don’t let them.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In other words, assume capacity, expect responsibility and keep the lines of communication wide open. This basic approach can help parents and children navigate perennial struggles such as sleep, schoolwork and screens.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sleep and Teenagers\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How do we change how we think about sleep? Abundant research confirms that lack of sleep can have cascading consequences – from \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/33885/why-teens-lack-of-sleep-may-cause-depression\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">poor mental health\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/46898/why-late-nights-lead-to-crankier-more-emotional-teens\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">emotional reactivity\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/mindshift/26079/why-sleeping-may-be-more-important-than-studying\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">impaired cognition\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A parent’s instinct might be to either attempt to impose sleep rules or take a completely hands-off approach. But a third way, said Dell’Antonia, is engaging teens in the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">why\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and then letting them manage the \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">how\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for themselves. Instead of focusing on the consequences of sleep deprivation, identify the sleep \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">benefits\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> that will be most appealing to your child – from \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29135639\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">increasing their speed as an athlete\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to performing better in school. After all, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/thinking-about-kids/201110/teens-respond-pleasure-not-pain-parent-accordingly\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">teenage brain is more motivated\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> by the possibility of pleasure than by the fear of pain.\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“If you teach your kids why sleep is important and what it can do for them, they can genuinely want and learn to change,” said Dell’Antonia. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents can model this mental shift; “Don’t talk about it as ‘you \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">have \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to go to sleep’ – it’s not a bad place to go! You ‘get to go to sleep.’ In fact, your morning self is begging you to go to sleep right now.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Making healthy family sleep habits a reality might involve rethinking schedule – or \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">over\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">scheduling. For kids in multiple afterschool activities, after dinner marks the moment “you finally get free of other people telling you what to do,” said Dell’Antonia. “If they are of the mindset that they don’t get any free time, some of those afternoon activities might need to go. It might be too much. You can’t have better mornings without significant shifts in days and evenings.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Homework Battles\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“In my own research, homework appears among the top four of anecdotally reported stress points for parents,” said Dell’Antonia. “Homework seems to nip away at our feelings of satisfaction as parents,” especially when parents reported getting into regular arguments with their kids about it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She has a simple message for parents caught up in homework drama: “It’s not your homework. It’s just not. It’s not your job to make sure it gets done. It’s not your job to make sure it gets back in the backpack. It’s not your job to make sure it gets returned to school. It doesn’t matter how it gets done – it’s that they learn how to do it themselves.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This means parents have to take the long view – weeks, months, “even years,” said Dell’Antonia. If you are deeply entwined, you have to take steps to “extract yourself from the process.” For example, instead of editing a child’s essay, you could instead let them read it out loud to you so they can hear how it sounds to an audience. You can help them structure time and space to get work done – without hovering or micromanaging. If a child really needs more support – but you find yourself in a power struggle – talk to the teacher about options or look for an outside tutor or homework helper. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If family life is not tenable with the current homework pattern, she says to work with your child to shift the responsibility onto their shoulders and tell the teacher “when and if homework gets to you, it will be my \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">kid’s\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> work.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Screen Time Dilemmas\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Screen time is tough,” said Dell’Antonia. “Life is totally different for our kids than it was for us. We can accept that it is scary and hard for \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">all\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of us.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The goal “is not to prevent your kids from using any technology in your house, but teaching them how to manage it \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">out\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> of your house.” After all, no one wants to “send a kid out in the world who is just going to play Fortnight until they run out of food and money!” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In her research, happier families have an ongoing family dialogue about their family’s values and how screens fit into that. And that means adults – not just tweens and teens -- are seeking to build and model healthier screen habits.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Once you have a shared vision, there are still details to work out. In her book, Dell’Antonia offers some questions you can use to start a discussion with teens -- whether at the dinner table or in the car. These include: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How much screen time would you consider reasonable on a school night? \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Do you want to consume, or do you want to create?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When is the latest you think you should be sending or receiving a text?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Is it hard for you not to look at your phone while you do homework? What would help?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What are some things you like to do on the weekend? How much of that time do you want to spend on watching things or playing video games?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What will you do if you get a text that’s scary or sexy or otherwise worries you?\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When your friends are angry with one another, how do you see them using their online connection? How will you use yours? \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">What does a good parent-child conversation about digital habits look like? “It looks casual. It looks like listening. It doesn’t look like a checklist,” said Dell’Antonia. “Talk about a celebrity who did something stupid on Twitter. That’s an opening! Take every single opening to have a conversation. How does it make you feel when you see a picture of a party you are not invited to? What’s the problem with sending nude pictures? Teens are aware of this stuff. Find a way to make yourself a part of \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">their\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> conversation. If you’re slamming down rules that do not match their needs and understandings, you aren’t in it with them – you are making it all harder.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Embracing the Happiness of Raising Teens\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Parents of younger children often worried about how they will navigate the teen years, and how this will affect family happiness. Remember, said Dell’Antonia, “She is not going to turn into a different kid on her 13th birthday. This is still your child. There are still going to be great moments and bad moments. Bigger consequences, bigger relationships, bigger connections. I will have three teenagers this fall. It’s great, and in some ways, better.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s not always easy to parent a teenager – but then, it’s not always easy to \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">be\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> a teenager. So when they are cranky in the morning or don’t finish their homework, “you don’t need to make it worse,” said Dell’Antonia. “When your kids are having a bad morning, you don’t need to chime in. They know they will be late to school. They know they will face external consequences. You can go with silence, you can go with positivity, but you don’t need to pile on to them ... and you don’t need to soak [their upsetness] into you.” At an age when they may want to pull away, let them know, in big and small ways, that they are an indispensable part of the family: “Our kids really thrive when they feel needed, when they feel important.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/52180/how-to-help-kids-manage-sleep-schoolwork-and-screens","authors":["11087"],"categories":["mindshift_192"],"tags":["mindshift_20984","mindshift_822","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_563","mindshift_20870","mindshift_20568","mindshift_20816","mindshift_990"],"featImg":"mindshift_52251","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_49144":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_49144","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"49144","score":null,"sort":[1513881437000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"critical-thinking-skills-to-help-students-better-evaluate-scientific-claims","title":"Critical Thinking Skills to Help Students Better Evaluate Scientific Claims","publishDate":1513881437,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Michelle Joyce doesn’t shy away from politicized science topics such as climate change. In fact, she works to equip seniors at Palmetto Ridge High School in Naples, Florida with the skills to accurately evaluate those topics on their own. Along with teaching chemistry and physics, she offers a class called “thinking skills” where students solve logic and math puzzles while also enhancing their media literacy. Students go beyond just learning about legitimate sources of information on the internet and delve into just how the information is put together in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But teaching students those critical thinking skills only as they’re about to depart for college can be too little too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a really hard thing to teach within the space of everything else that you need to teach in a classroom,” Joyce said. “It’s crucial that we teach it as early as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The internet has no shortage of dubious information; and the ability to evaluate health and science claims is a subset of media literacy. With the abundance of health/science content students may only see via social media, kids are ill-equipped to discern hype from real science.\u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/civic-online-reasoning/evaluating-evidence\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49908\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2550\" height=\"3300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment.png 2550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-160x207.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-800x1035.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-768x994.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-1020x1320.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-1180x1527.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-960x1242.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-240x311.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-375x485.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-520x673.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2550px) 100vw, 2550px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one recent \u003ca href=\"https://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934\">study\u003c/a> by the Stanford History Education Group, 170 high school students were shown a photo of flowers growing fused together and asked if that provided strong evidence on the conditions outside the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Students with mastery of media literacy would argue this was not sufficient evidence because there is no information on the source of the photo or where the flowers were photographed. However, less than 20 percent of the students responding made that argument. Nearly 40 percent argued that the picture alone was strong evidence for conditions outside the nuclear plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are swimming in bullsh-t and lots of different claims about what helps or harms us,” said Dr. Andrew Oxman, director of research at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. “Everybody needs to figure out which claims are trustworthy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>START EARLY\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these critical thinking concepts are not difficult but need to become habits adopted early in life, which is why Oxman first tried them out in his children’s elementary school classrooms. One way to teach how science is made is to let the children experience and figure it out for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oxman gave students a bag of M&Ms and told them that some kids thought the red ones helped them study better but others got stomach aches. He instructed students to evaluate these claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They figured out very quickly, you have to compare like to like,” said Oxman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most revealing aspect of this lesson was how quickly students understood the pitfalls of setting up a randomized study. The teacher mentioned they could set random assignments much like they do in gym class where they set up teams by alternating students in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The kids started laughing because they understood right away that doesn’t work,” said Oxman. Students learned they can sabotage randomization in picking teams by setting up a line so they are one student away from their friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In research jargon, we referred to that as ‘concealed allocation’ and it’s a concept that takes time to explain to health professionals but the kids understood it right away intuitively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through this experiment students quickly figured out they had to measure things exactly same. They discovered the flaws of using small samples and being misled by games of chance, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oxman has since taken this idea of teaching young children concepts of evaluating science to a much larger scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teaching Health Claims\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and a global team of researchers at \u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/the-ihc-team/\">Informed Health Choices\u003c/a> developed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)31226-6/fulltext?elsca1=tlpr\">study\u003c/a> of some 10,000 Ugandan fifth-graders to see if a simple \u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IHC-V3-Childrens-Book-and-Cover-Des2016_lowres.pdf\">comic book \u003c/a>on evaluating health claims could provide students with the skills to make better choices about their health. The comic book begins by describing how one child -- who has burned his finger -- sticks his wound into dung to heal it. The finger gets infected and he visits Professors “Fair” and “Compare” and begins to learn about how to question and evaluate the health advice he receives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49883\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 564px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IHC-V3-Childrens-Book-and-Cover-Des2016_lowres.pdf\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-49883 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"564\" height=\"830\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1.png 564w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-160x235.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-240x353.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-375x552.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-520x765.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 564px) 100vw, 564px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The comic above was used as part of a study in Uganda to teach students how to evaluate health and science claims. Courtesy of Informed Health Choices. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Informed Health Choices)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The workbook had a convincing effect, Oxman said. The students who received the \u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IHC-V3-Childrens-Book-and-Cover-Des2016_lowres.pdf\">workbook\u003c/a> and those who did not receive it were then tested on how to evaluate health claims. Fifty percent more children in the workbook group had a passing score on that critical thinking test. Twenty percent of the students receiving the workbook even showed mastery of the concepts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a follow-up to the study, researchers are asking children and adults what they learned and how they’ve used it. Responses so far have been very promising, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One girl talked about going shopping with her mom, who picked up an expensive new brand of toothpaste, but the girl picked up an older brand of toothpaste and found the ingredients were the same. During the pilot studies, Oxman said it was fun to see kids walking out of class talking to each other about claims. Recognizing a claim, and being able to determine if it’s trustworthy is the critical first step to appraising all the claims people hear every day, he said.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>EVALUATING CLAIMS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmetto Ridge High School science teacher Michelle Joyce said she uses a process called “claim, evidence and response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First students recognize a claim or a hypothesis. Next, they look at evidence: the original data; who calculated the data; where the study was conducted; if the researcher would be inclined to benefit from a certain result; if researchers did multiple trials or tested on many people and more. Finally, students must come up with a response: a determination of the validity of the claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joyce uses resources from a variety of places including Common Sense Education*, a nonprofit that provides \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/scope-and-sequence\">free curriculum\u003c/a> in media literacy for grades K-12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When teachers tackle the subject of media literacy they may think about social media etiquette or cyberbullying -- that’s a component of media literacy called digital citizenship. But teaching media literacy can also go into specific domains such as health and science. To understand the science news they see online, kids need to understand basic concepts like sample sizes or what “peer review” means, said Jeffrey Knutson of Common Sense Education. Through this curriculum, students learn how information is created and distributed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives them an insider’s view of how information we get is created and how we receive it,” said Knutson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Digital citizenship and media literacy is often taught as something extra and not necessarily embedded in curriculum, said Knutson. However, health or science claims seen online can be easily incorporated into science or health class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example Knutson provided was a recent \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/12/well/eat/the-chemicals-in-your-mac-and-cheese.html?mcubz=3\">article\u003c/a> about health hazards of chemicals used in packaging such as boxed macaroni and cheese. The article stirred up some controversy because it didn’t offer specifics on what dose of these chemicals can do damage. The study was financed by an environmental advocacy group, not an unbiased source. The\u003cem> Times\u003c/em> reported on this study and other journalists reported on it and then \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/07/my-dad-is-now-scared-of-macaroni-and-cheese-should-he-be/534702/\">reports\u003c/a> about the \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2017/07/don_t_panic_over_the_chemicals_in_your_mac_and_cheese.html\">reporting\u003c/a> came out, noted Knutson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best thing teachers can do is to use these examples in their class with their students,\" according to Knutson. \"It’s important to model how you would go about reading an article like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>BREAKING DOWN THE FACTS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High school science teacher Michelle Joyce says that if teachers start in elementary school, and build on these concepts in middle and high school, “we have significantly more chance over a period of time to build this common sense, this media literacy,” said Joyce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I’m only seeing them in 11\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> and 12\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> grade, many of their opinions are already formed,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Joyce really breaks a scientific topic into its component parts, she can sometimes convince skeptical students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, students were learning the bleaching of the Great Barrier Reef, which stems from water temperature and salt-level or salinity increases. They researched where the increased salinity or temperature could be coming from, including climate change and waste dumped near the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One student said, “I can’t believe one degree in temperature makes this much a difference for these animals,” recalled Joyce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of rehashing the reef data, Joyce brought the conversation back to a different perspective and explained pH levels in the human body. Even a slight change in pH could shut down a person's bodily functions. Suddenly the minor change to water temperature and salinity, which affects pH, didn’t seem so minor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to bring it back to something they can relate to,” said Joyce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joyce can’t go into such detail with every science lesson but she hopes by equipping students with the skills to question what they read, they’ll be able to pursue these questions on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teaching them those skills on how to think like a scientist and how to analyze information that they’re receiving is just as important as teaching them to use the periodic table, for example.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional resources: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common Sense has several strategies to help debunk false claims, such as those listed on “\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/teaching-strategies/turn-students-into-fact-finding-web-detectives\">Turn Students into F\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/teaching-strategies/turn-students-into-fact-finding-web-detectives\">act-Finding Web Detectives\u003c/a>.” They also offer \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/digital-citizenship\">digital citizenship\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/scope-and-sequence\">information literacy\u003c/a> curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.healthnewsreview.org/\">Health News Review\u003c/a> covers often-hyped health stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://retractionwatch.com/\">Retraction Watch \u003c/a> highlights retractions of studies and other pitfalls of the peer review system, which rarely gets attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*Common Sense Education contributes reviews of educational tools and other content to MindShift. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Helping students better understand research -- based in science and otherwise -- can help develop their information literacy skills and ultimate, their health. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1513885961,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":46,"wordCount":1716},"headData":{"title":"Critical Thinking Skills to Help Students Better Evaluate Scientific Claims | KQED","description":"Helping students better understand research -- based in science and otherwise -- can help develop their information literacy skills and ultimate, their health. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Critical Thinking Skills to Help Students Better Evaluate Scientific Claims","datePublished":"2017-12-21T18:37:17.000Z","dateModified":"2017-12-21T19:52:41.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"49144 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=49144","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/12/21/critical-thinking-skills-to-help-students-better-evaluate-scientific-claims/","disqusTitle":"Critical Thinking Skills to Help Students Better Evaluate Scientific Claims","path":"/mindshift/49144/critical-thinking-skills-to-help-students-better-evaluate-scientific-claims","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Michelle Joyce doesn’t shy away from politicized science topics such as climate change. In fact, she works to equip seniors at Palmetto Ridge High School in Naples, Florida with the skills to accurately evaluate those topics on their own. Along with teaching chemistry and physics, she offers a class called “thinking skills” where students solve logic and math puzzles while also enhancing their media literacy. Students go beyond just learning about legitimate sources of information on the internet and delve into just how the information is put together in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But teaching students those critical thinking skills only as they’re about to depart for college can be too little too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a really hard thing to teach within the space of everything else that you need to teach in a classroom,” Joyce said. “It’s crucial that we teach it as early as we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The internet has no shortage of dubious information; and the ability to evaluate health and science claims is a subset of media literacy. With the abundance of health/science content students may only see via social media, kids are ill-equipped to discern hype from real science.\u003ca href=\"https://sheg.stanford.edu/civic-online-reasoning/evaluating-evidence\">\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-49908\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"2550\" height=\"3300\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment.png 2550w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-160x207.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-800x1035.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-768x994.png 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-1020x1320.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-1180x1527.png 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-960x1242.png 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-240x311.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-375x485.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Evaluating-Evidence-Assessment-520x673.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2550px) 100vw, 2550px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one recent \u003ca href=\"https://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934\">study\u003c/a> by the Stanford History Education Group, 170 high school students were shown a photo of flowers growing fused together and asked if that provided strong evidence on the conditions outside the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant. Students with mastery of media literacy would argue this was not sufficient evidence because there is no information on the source of the photo or where the flowers were photographed. However, less than 20 percent of the students responding made that argument. Nearly 40 percent argued that the picture alone was strong evidence for conditions outside the nuclear plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are swimming in bullsh-t and lots of different claims about what helps or harms us,” said Dr. Andrew Oxman, director of research at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. “Everybody needs to figure out which claims are trustworthy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>START EARLY\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of these critical thinking concepts are not difficult but need to become habits adopted early in life, which is why Oxman first tried them out in his children’s elementary school classrooms. One way to teach how science is made is to let the children experience and figure it out for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oxman gave students a bag of M&Ms and told them that some kids thought the red ones helped them study better but others got stomach aches. He instructed students to evaluate these claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They figured out very quickly, you have to compare like to like,” said Oxman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most revealing aspect of this lesson was how quickly students understood the pitfalls of setting up a randomized study. The teacher mentioned they could set random assignments much like they do in gym class where they set up teams by alternating students in line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The kids started laughing because they understood right away that doesn’t work,” said Oxman. Students learned they can sabotage randomization in picking teams by setting up a line so they are one student away from their friend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In research jargon, we referred to that as ‘concealed allocation’ and it’s a concept that takes time to explain to health professionals but the kids understood it right away intuitively.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Through this experiment students quickly figured out they had to measure things exactly same. They discovered the flaws of using small samples and being misled by games of chance, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oxman has since taken this idea of teaching young children concepts of evaluating science to a much larger scale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Teaching Health Claims\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He and a global team of researchers at \u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/the-ihc-team/\">Informed Health Choices\u003c/a> developed a \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(17)31226-6/fulltext?elsca1=tlpr\">study\u003c/a> of some 10,000 Ugandan fifth-graders to see if a simple \u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IHC-V3-Childrens-Book-and-Cover-Des2016_lowres.pdf\">comic book \u003c/a>on evaluating health claims could provide students with the skills to make better choices about their health. The comic book begins by describing how one child -- who has burned his finger -- sticks his wound into dung to heal it. The finger gets infected and he visits Professors “Fair” and “Compare” and begins to learn about how to question and evaluate the health advice he receives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_49883\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 564px\">\u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IHC-V3-Childrens-Book-and-Cover-Des2016_lowres.pdf\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-49883 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/wp-content/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"564\" height=\"830\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1.png 564w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-160x235.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-240x353.png 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-375x552.png 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/23/2017/12/Lesson-1-520x765.png 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 564px) 100vw, 564px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The comic above was used as part of a study in Uganda to teach students how to evaluate health and science claims. Courtesy of Informed Health Choices. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Informed Health Choices)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The workbook had a convincing effect, Oxman said. The students who received the \u003ca href=\"http://www.informedhealthchoices.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/IHC-V3-Childrens-Book-and-Cover-Des2016_lowres.pdf\">workbook\u003c/a> and those who did not receive it were then tested on how to evaluate health claims. Fifty percent more children in the workbook group had a passing score on that critical thinking test. Twenty percent of the students receiving the workbook even showed mastery of the concepts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a follow-up to the study, researchers are asking children and adults what they learned and how they’ve used it. Responses so far have been very promising, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One girl talked about going shopping with her mom, who picked up an expensive new brand of toothpaste, but the girl picked up an older brand of toothpaste and found the ingredients were the same. During the pilot studies, Oxman said it was fun to see kids walking out of class talking to each other about claims. Recognizing a claim, and being able to determine if it’s trustworthy is the critical first step to appraising all the claims people hear every day, he said.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>EVALUATING CLAIMS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Palmetto Ridge High School science teacher Michelle Joyce said she uses a process called “claim, evidence and response.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>First students recognize a claim or a hypothesis. Next, they look at evidence: the original data; who calculated the data; where the study was conducted; if the researcher would be inclined to benefit from a certain result; if researchers did multiple trials or tested on many people and more. Finally, students must come up with a response: a determination of the validity of the claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joyce uses resources from a variety of places including Common Sense Education*, a nonprofit that provides \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/scope-and-sequence\">free curriculum\u003c/a> in media literacy for grades K-12.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When teachers tackle the subject of media literacy they may think about social media etiquette or cyberbullying -- that’s a component of media literacy called digital citizenship. But teaching media literacy can also go into specific domains such as health and science. To understand the science news they see online, kids need to understand basic concepts like sample sizes or what “peer review” means, said Jeffrey Knutson of Common Sense Education. Through this curriculum, students learn how information is created and distributed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It gives them an insider’s view of how information we get is created and how we receive it,” said Knutson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Digital citizenship and media literacy is often taught as something extra and not necessarily embedded in curriculum, said Knutson. However, health or science claims seen online can be easily incorporated into science or health class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One example Knutson provided was a recent \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2017/07/12/well/eat/the-chemicals-in-your-mac-and-cheese.html?mcubz=3\">article\u003c/a> about health hazards of chemicals used in packaging such as boxed macaroni and cheese. The article stirred up some controversy because it didn’t offer specifics on what dose of these chemicals can do damage. The study was financed by an environmental advocacy group, not an unbiased source. The\u003cem> Times\u003c/em> reported on this study and other journalists reported on it and then \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2017/07/my-dad-is-now-scared-of-macaroni-and-cheese-should-he-be/534702/\">reports\u003c/a> about the \u003ca href=\"http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/medical_examiner/2017/07/don_t_panic_over_the_chemicals_in_your_mac_and_cheese.html\">reporting\u003c/a> came out, noted Knutson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best thing teachers can do is to use these examples in their class with their students,\" according to Knutson. \"It’s important to model how you would go about reading an article like that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>BREAKING DOWN THE FACTS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High school science teacher Michelle Joyce says that if teachers start in elementary school, and build on these concepts in middle and high school, “we have significantly more chance over a period of time to build this common sense, this media literacy,” said Joyce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I’m only seeing them in 11\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> and 12\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> grade, many of their opinions are already formed,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Joyce really breaks a scientific topic into its component parts, she can sometimes convince skeptical students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, students were learning the bleaching of the Great Barrier Reef, which stems from water temperature and salt-level or salinity increases. They researched where the increased salinity or temperature could be coming from, including climate change and waste dumped near the ocean.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One student said, “I can’t believe one degree in temperature makes this much a difference for these animals,” recalled Joyce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of rehashing the reef data, Joyce brought the conversation back to a different perspective and explained pH levels in the human body. Even a slight change in pH could shut down a person's bodily functions. Suddenly the minor change to water temperature and salinity, which affects pH, didn’t seem so minor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have to bring it back to something they can relate to,” said Joyce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joyce can’t go into such detail with every science lesson but she hopes by equipping students with the skills to question what they read, they’ll be able to pursue these questions on their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Teaching them those skills on how to think like a scientist and how to analyze information that they’re receiving is just as important as teaching them to use the periodic table, for example.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Additional resources: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Common Sense has several strategies to help debunk false claims, such as those listed on “\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/teaching-strategies/turn-students-into-fact-finding-web-detectives\">Turn Students into F\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/teaching-strategies/turn-students-into-fact-finding-web-detectives\">act-Finding Web Detectives\u003c/a>.” They also offer \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/digital-citizenship\">digital citizenship\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/scope-and-sequence\">information literacy\u003c/a> curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.healthnewsreview.org/\">Health News Review\u003c/a> covers often-hyped health stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://retractionwatch.com/\">Retraction Watch \u003c/a> highlights retractions of studies and other pitfalls of the peer review system, which rarely gets attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>*Common Sense Education contributes reviews of educational tools and other content to MindShift. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/49144/critical-thinking-skills-to-help-students-better-evaluate-scientific-claims","authors":["11330"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_822","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_21160","mindshift_21067","mindshift_1022"],"featImg":"mindshift_49911","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_49607":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_49607","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"49607","score":null,"sort":[1510239249000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"making-media-literacy-central-to-digital-citizenship","title":"Making Media Literacy Central to Digital Citizenship","publishDate":1510239249,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s easy to get caught up in the hype around the latest and greatest classroom tech, from video games to 3-D printers to Raspberry Pi kits to VR to AR and beyond. The reality is that kind of tech -- expensive, bleeding-edge tools -- makes headlines but doesn't make it into many classrooms, especially the most needy ones. What does, however, is video. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While we often get distracted by the latest device or platform release, video has quietly been riding the wave of all of these advancements, benefiting from broader access to phones, displays, cameras and, most importantly, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/esh-sots-pdfs/educationsuperhighway_2017_state_of_the_states.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">bandwidth\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. In fact, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">68 percent of teachers are \u003ca href=\"http://www.tomorrow.org/speakup/from-print-to-pixel.html\">using video\u003c/a> in their classrooms, and 74 percent of \u003ca href=\"http://www.tomorrow.org/speakup/from-print-to-pixel.html\">middle schoolers\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are watching videos for learning. From social media streams chock-full of video and GIFs to FaceTime with friends to two-hour Twitch broadcasts, video mediates students’ relationships with each other and the world. Video is a key aspect of our always-online attention economy that’s impacting \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/news/facebook-experiment-boosts-us-voter-turnout-1.11401\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">voting\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> behavior, and fueling \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@DaleBeran/4chan-the-skeleton-key-to-the-rise-of-trump-624e7cb798cb\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hate speech and trolling\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Put simply: Video is a contested civic space. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Safety to Savvy\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This emergence of video as a high-stakes media form requires a rethinking of what we mean by digital citizenship. We need to move from a conflation of digital citizenship with internet safety and protectionism to a view of digital citizenship that’s pro-active and prioritizes \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://medialiteracynow.org/linking-media-literacy-and-digital-citizenship-in-the-public-policy-realm/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">media literacy and savvy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. A good digital citizen doesn’t just dodge safety and privacy pitfalls, but works to remake the world, aided by digital technology like video, so it’s more thoughtful, inclusive and just. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Below, I offer five key steps and related resources to merging video literacies and digital citizenship, but I fully realize I’m not inventing something new here. There are decades of precedent, and I’d love to hear from you what you’ve done in your classroom or your favorite resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>1. Help Students Identify the Intent of What They Watch\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the core principles of media literacy is that all media are trying to accomplish something, even those that seem to be “just entertainment.” Helping students interpret what that something is when they watch a video will help them approach the video more critically. To do this, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">equip students with some\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> essential q\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">uestions\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">they can use to \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/blog/5-questions-students-should-ask-about-media\">unpack the intentions\u003c/a> of anything they encounter\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. One way to facilitate this thinking is by \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHxpb3PFlP4\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">using a tool like EdPuzzle\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to edit the videos you want students to watch by inserting these questions at particularly relevant points in the video.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>2. Be Aware That the Web Is a Unique Beast\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Compared to traditional media (like broadcast TV or movies), the web is the Wild West. There are massive amounts of content falling along a vast continuum of fact and fiction. This content feeds niche communities and echo chambers, some of which lead to dangerous conspiratorial or bigoted thinking. To analyze all this stuff, we can’t just rely on the tried-and-true techniques of traditional media. We need new ways of thinking that are web-specific. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://webliteracy.pressbooks.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mike Caulfield’s e-book is a great deep dive\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> into this topic, but as an introduction to web literacy you might first dig into the notion of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXnrh1EvtBs\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">reading “around” as well as “down” media\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> -- that is, encouraging students to not just analyze the specific video or site they’re looking at but related content (e.g., where else an image appears using a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5e9wTdAulA\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">reverse Google image search\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">).\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5e9wTdAulA\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>3. Turn Active Viewing into Reactive Viewing\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/teaching-with-technology-articles/from-passive-viewing-to-active-learning-simple-techniques-for-applying-active-learning-strategies-to-online-course-videos/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Active viewing -- \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">engaging more thoughtfully and deeply with what you watch -- is a tried-and-true teaching strategy for making sure you don’t just watch media but retain information. It’s a great technique, but particularly for teacher-vetted materials that students are meant to learn from. But what about video that’s not necessarily explicitly educational, like more commercial, popular or social media? \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xSK4noPp1t8\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For this content, students shouldn’t just be working toward comprehension but critique\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">; they need to not just understand what they watch, but also have something to say about it. One of my favorite techniques for facilitating this more dialogic and critical mode of video viewing is by \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">using a\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=De3_DJ50G_Q\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> classroom backchannel, like TodaysMeet, during video\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> viewings, so teachers and students can actively question and discuss\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>4. Transform Students’ Video Critiques into Creations\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Digital citizenship should be participatory, meaning students need to be actively contributing to culture. Unfortunately, only \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/research/the-common-sense-census-media-use-by-tweens-and-teens\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">3 percent of the time tweens and teens spend using social media is focused on creation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It’s important for students to create media, so that they can work through their perspectives and make the world more representative of their views. This is important for students from underrepresented backgrounds who have historically been shut out of or just ignored in dominant media. By encouraging all students to create media, we push toward a more equitable and just world, and by encouraging students to produce critical media -- that is, media that directly engage with other media -- we empower students to remake dominant culture. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/top-picks/best-interactive-video-apps-and-websites\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are a ton of options out there for facilitating video creation and remix\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, but two of my favorites are \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://mbstudios.thelamp.org/auth/login\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">MediaBreaker\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vidcode.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vidcode\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/lesson/rework-reuse-remix-6-8\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">middle school\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/lesson/rights-remixes-and-respect-9-12\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">high schoo\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">l students, remix activities also present a great opportunity to talk about copyright and fair use.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>5. Empower Students to Become Advocates\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citizenship is ultimately about being democratically engaged in a place, and working to make that place better. As the digital extension of one’s citizenship to a place, digital citizenship must include advocacy. There’s no question young people face a challenging and uncertain world, currently run by people \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2011/11/03/141984787/generation-gap-how-age-shapes-political-outlook\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">who often do not share their views\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> on key issues and thus do not advocate in their interests. As incubators of participatory civics, classrooms can build students’ confidence and motivation. The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.adl.org/education-and-resources/resources-for-educators-parents-families/lesson-plans\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anti-Defamation League \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.tolerance.org/classroom-resources/lessons\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teaching Tolerance\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> have lesson plans that connect to both past and present struggles, and one can also look to the co-created syllabi that have sprung up around \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.blacklivesmattersyllabus.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Black Lives Matter\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sharemylesson.com/CharlottesvilleCurriculum\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Charlottesville\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and beyond. Pair these resources with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/top-picks/websites-and-apps-for-making-videos-and-animation\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">video creation tools\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and encourage students to create videos that advocate for causes important to them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"il\">Tanner\u003c/span> Higgin is Director of Education Editorial Strategy at \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Common Sense\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Education\u003c/a>, which helps educators find the best ed-tech tools, learn best practices for teaching with tech, and equip students with the skills they need to use technology safely and responsibly. Go to \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Common Sense Education\u003c/a> for free resources, including full reviews of digital tools.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"This emergence of video as a high-stakes media form requires a rethinking of what we mean by digital citizenship. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1510239249,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":1136},"headData":{"title":"Making Media Literacy Central to Digital Citizenship | KQED","description":"This emergence of video as a high-stakes media form requires a rethinking of what we mean by digital citizenship. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Making Media Literacy Central to Digital Citizenship","datePublished":"2017-11-09T14:54:09.000Z","dateModified":"2017-11-09T14:54:09.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"49607 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=49607","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/11/09/making-media-literacy-central-to-digital-citizenship/","disqusTitle":"Making Media Literacy Central to Digital Citizenship","nprByline":"\u003ca href “https://www.commonsensemedia.org/meet-our-team>Tanner Higgin, Common Sense Education\u003c/a>","path":"/mindshift/49607/making-media-literacy-central-to-digital-citizenship","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It’s easy to get caught up in the hype around the latest and greatest classroom tech, from video games to 3-D printers to Raspberry Pi kits to VR to AR and beyond. The reality is that kind of tech -- expensive, bleeding-edge tools -- makes headlines but doesn't make it into many classrooms, especially the most needy ones. What does, however, is video. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">While we often get distracted by the latest device or platform release, video has quietly been riding the wave of all of these advancements, benefiting from broader access to phones, displays, cameras and, most importantly, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://s3-us-west-1.amazonaws.com/esh-sots-pdfs/educationsuperhighway_2017_state_of_the_states.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">bandwidth\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. In fact, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">68 percent of teachers are \u003ca href=\"http://www.tomorrow.org/speakup/from-print-to-pixel.html\">using video\u003c/a> in their classrooms, and 74 percent of \u003ca href=\"http://www.tomorrow.org/speakup/from-print-to-pixel.html\">middle schoolers\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> are watching videos for learning. From social media streams chock-full of video and GIFs to FaceTime with friends to two-hour Twitch broadcasts, video mediates students’ relationships with each other and the world. Video is a key aspect of our always-online attention economy that’s impacting \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/news/facebook-experiment-boosts-us-voter-turnout-1.11401\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">voting\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> behavior, and fueling \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@DaleBeran/4chan-the-skeleton-key-to-the-rise-of-trump-624e7cb798cb\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">hate speech and trolling\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. Put simply: Video is a contested civic space. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Safety to Savvy\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This emergence of video as a high-stakes media form requires a rethinking of what we mean by digital citizenship. We need to move from a conflation of digital citizenship with internet safety and protectionism to a view of digital citizenship that’s pro-active and prioritizes \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://medialiteracynow.org/linking-media-literacy-and-digital-citizenship-in-the-public-policy-realm/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">media literacy and savvy\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. A good digital citizen doesn’t just dodge safety and privacy pitfalls, but works to remake the world, aided by digital technology like video, so it’s more thoughtful, inclusive and just. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Below, I offer five key steps and related resources to merging video literacies and digital citizenship, but I fully realize I’m not inventing something new here. There are decades of precedent, and I’d love to hear from you what you’ve done in your classroom or your favorite resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>1. Help Students Identify the Intent of What They Watch\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">One of the core principles of media literacy is that all media are trying to accomplish something, even those that seem to be “just entertainment.” Helping students interpret what that something is when they watch a video will help them approach the video more critically. To do this, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">equip students with some\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> essential q\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">uestions\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">they can use to \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/blog/5-questions-students-should-ask-about-media\">unpack the intentions\u003c/a> of anything they encounter\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. One way to facilitate this thinking is by \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wHxpb3PFlP4\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">using a tool like EdPuzzle\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to edit the videos you want students to watch by inserting these questions at particularly relevant points in the video.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>2. Be Aware That the Web Is a Unique Beast\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Compared to traditional media (like broadcast TV or movies), the web is the Wild West. There are massive amounts of content falling along a vast continuum of fact and fiction. This content feeds niche communities and echo chambers, some of which lead to dangerous conspiratorial or bigoted thinking. To analyze all this stuff, we can’t just rely on the tried-and-true techniques of traditional media. We need new ways of thinking that are web-specific. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://webliteracy.pressbooks.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Mike Caulfield’s e-book is a great deep dive\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> into this topic, but as an introduction to web literacy you might first dig into the notion of \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dXnrh1EvtBs\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">reading “around” as well as “down” media\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> -- that is, encouraging students to not just analyze the specific video or site they’re looking at but related content (e.g., where else an image appears using a \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p5e9wTdAulA\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">reverse Google image search\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">).\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/p5e9wTdAulA'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/p5e9wTdAulA'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>3. Turn Active Viewing into Reactive Viewing\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/teaching-with-technology-articles/from-passive-viewing-to-active-learning-simple-techniques-for-applying-active-learning-strategies-to-online-course-videos/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Active viewing -- \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">engaging more thoughtfully and deeply with what you watch -- is a tried-and-true teaching strategy for making sure you don’t just watch media but retain information. It’s a great technique, but particularly for teacher-vetted materials that students are meant to learn from. But what about video that’s not necessarily explicitly educational, like more commercial, popular or social media? \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xSK4noPp1t8\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For this content, students shouldn’t just be working toward comprehension but critique\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">; they need to not just understand what they watch, but also have something to say about it. One of my favorite techniques for facilitating this more dialogic and critical mode of video viewing is by \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">using a\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=De3_DJ50G_Q\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> classroom backchannel, like TodaysMeet, during video\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> viewings, so teachers and students can actively question and discuss\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>4. Transform Students’ Video Critiques into Creations\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Digital citizenship should be participatory, meaning students need to be actively contributing to culture. Unfortunately, only \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/research/the-common-sense-census-media-use-by-tweens-and-teens\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">3 percent of the time tweens and teens spend using social media is focused on creation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. It’s important for students to create media, so that they can work through their perspectives and make the world more representative of their views. This is important for students from underrepresented backgrounds who have historically been shut out of or just ignored in dominant media. By encouraging all students to create media, we push toward a more equitable and just world, and by encouraging students to produce critical media -- that is, media that directly engage with other media -- we empower students to remake dominant culture. \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/top-picks/best-interactive-video-apps-and-websites\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">There are a ton of options out there for facilitating video creation and remix\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, but two of my favorites are \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://mbstudios.thelamp.org/auth/login\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">MediaBreaker\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vidcode.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vidcode\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/lesson/rework-reuse-remix-6-8\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">middle school\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/lesson/rights-remixes-and-respect-9-12\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">high schoo\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">l students, remix activities also present a great opportunity to talk about copyright and fair use.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>5. Empower Students to Become Advocates\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Citizenship is ultimately about being democratically engaged in a place, and working to make that place better. As the digital extension of one’s citizenship to a place, digital citizenship must include advocacy. There’s no question young people face a challenging and uncertain world, currently run by people \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2011/11/03/141984787/generation-gap-how-age-shapes-political-outlook\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">who often do not share their views\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> on key issues and thus do not advocate in their interests. As incubators of participatory civics, classrooms can build students’ confidence and motivation. The \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.adl.org/education-and-resources/resources-for-educators-parents-families/lesson-plans\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Anti-Defamation League \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">and \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.tolerance.org/classroom-resources/lessons\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Teaching Tolerance\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> have lesson plans that connect to both past and present struggles, and one can also look to the co-created syllabi that have sprung up around \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"http://www.blacklivesmattersyllabus.com/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Black Lives Matter\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://sharemylesson.com/CharlottesvilleCurriculum\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Charlottesville\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and beyond. Pair these resources with \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsense.org/education/top-picks/websites-and-apps-for-making-videos-and-animation\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">video creation tools\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and encourage students to create videos that advocate for causes important to them.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan class=\"il\">Tanner\u003c/span> Higgin is Director of Education Editorial Strategy at \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Common Sense\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> \u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Education\u003c/a>, which helps educators find the best ed-tech tools, learn best practices for teaching with tech, and equip students with the skills they need to use technology safely and responsibly. Go to \u003ca href=\"https://www.commonsensemedia.org/educators\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Common Sense Education\u003c/a> for free resources, including full reviews of digital tools.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/49607/making-media-literacy-central-to-digital-citizenship","authors":["byline_mindshift_49607"],"categories":["mindshift_195"],"tags":["mindshift_20525","mindshift_822","mindshift_20784","mindshift_1040","mindshift_21067","mindshift_1019","mindshift_20571"],"featImg":"mindshift_49663","label":"mindshift"},"mindshift_47688":{"type":"posts","id":"mindshift_47688","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"mindshift","id":"47688","score":null,"sort":[1488227543000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"to-keep-teens-safe-online-they-need-to-learn-to-manage-risk","title":"To Keep Teens Safe Online, They Need To Learn To Manage Risk","publishDate":1488227543,"format":"standard","headTitle":"MindShift | KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"mindshift"},"content":"\u003cp>Parents of teens know how tricky it is to keep their kids physically safe while balancing their need for greater independence, but when it comes to keeping them safe online, it can be even trickier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horror stories of social media harassment and exposure to explicit content leading to teen suicide or even murder abound. With \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/09/mobile-access-shifts-social-media-use-and-other-online-activities/\">91 percent\u003c/a> of U.S. teens accessing the Internet via a mobile device that allows them to be online anywhere and at all times of day, parents are desperately looking for ways to protect teens from online predators, bullies, and their own poor decisionmaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most apps sold to promote teen safety online focus on giving parents control over the phone, rather than helping teens learn how to navigate the web safely, a study finds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at 74 Android mobile apps and found that 89 percent of the security features on the apps focus on parental control by blocking and monitoring teens' online activities. Only 11 percent support teens' ability to regulate their own behavior. In other words, most of the apps don't encourage parents and teens to talk about their shared social media values. And that may be a missed opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most apparent finding from our results is that developers assume that parents are the end users of mobile online safety apps, not teens,\" says lead researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.cecs.ucf.edu/faculty/pamela-wisniewski/\">Pamela Wisniewski\u003c/a>, a former postdoctoral scholar in information sciences and technology at Penn State who is now an assistant professor in computer science at the University of Central Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Teens have somehow been overlooked within the design process because these apps clearly violate their privacy and assume the only thing that can do to protect themselves from online risk is make an SOS call to a trusted adult,\" Wisniewski said in an email to Shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most surprising finding? That ReThink, the only app that gave teens a bigger role in online risk reduction, was designed by a 15-year-old girl, Wisniewski says. It's designed like those \u003ca href=\"https://www.thrillist.com/tech/nation/apps-to-prevent-drunk-texting-and-late-night-mistakes\">drunk texting apps\u003c/a> that temporarily block contacts (like exes) to save us from sending ill-advised screeds at the end of a long night, but this one helps teens \"rethink\" before sending a potentially hurtful message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wisniewski and her colleagues set out to reverse engineer the values in the design of existing mobile apps to try to understand what they offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Developmental psychology says the Holy Grail of parenting teens is striking a balance between parental supervision and teen autonomy, and that teens learn coping skills when parents are actively engaged yet mindful of teens' need for independence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That general theory is supported by the American Academy of Pediatrics, which issued an online tool this past October to help families develop a \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/media/Pages/default.aspx\">media plan\u003c/a> to create goals and rules around media use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mottchildren.org/profile/4195/jenny-stillwaggon-radesky-md\">Jenny Radesky\u003c/a>, a developmental pediatrician at the University of Michigan's C.S. Mott Children's Hospital and lead author of the AAP's policy statement on media use for young children \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/10/21/498706789/no-snapchat-in-the-bedroom-an-online-tool-to-manage-kids-media-use\">told Shots\u003c/a> last fall that a printout of a plan is not going to solve every family's problems about how much screen time kids should get or whether devices should be banned from the bathroom. But it will help families lay out values in advance, rather than reacting to the latest new online challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/yolanda-linda-reid-chassiakos-2433555/\">Yolanda Reid Chassiakos\u003c/a>, a clinical assistant professor of pediatrics at the David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, says the AAP doesn't want to paint all digital media as bad. In fact the opportunities for teens to find a supportive community and be exposed to new ideas are some of the positives. But parents must be actively involved in discussions with teens about their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They [parents] also must model good online behavior themselves,\" Chassiakos says, like participating in \"media-free meals,\" making time for exercise, and putting the device away before bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For their assessment of the teen mobile safety apps, the Penn State researchers developed a framework they call Teen Online Safety Strategies. TOSS weighs parents' desire to monitor, restrict and mediate teen activities with teens' need to learn self-awareness, impulse control and how to cope with risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the apps they looked at, 49 percent had interactive interfaces only for parents, and 49 percent had interfaces for both parents and teens, although the teens' interfaces were \"extremely limited,\" the study says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty-four percent of all the apps' features included monitoring, 43 percent included restriction and 2 percent focused on education. Meanwhile, only 4 percent of the apps' features helped teens cope with risk, 2 percent focused on teen self-monitoring, and less than 1 percent focused on teen impulse control, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's still early days for mobile monitoring of teenagers. Currently, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/01/07/parents-teens-and-digital-monitoring/\">only 16 percent\u003c/a> of parents use monitoring software on their teens' mobile phones, according to a 2016 Pew Research study. More often, parents check websites their teens have visited, monitor their social media profiles by \"friending\" them, or directly access their accounts – the online version of listening in on phone calls or sitting two rows away at the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wisniewski hopes her research will lead to other studies that include teens in the design of new mobile online protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As adults, we need to start being more creative rather than trying to put 'governors' on teens' phones to prevent unwanted behaviors,\" she says. \"If we want to help protect teens from online risks, we have to stop assuming that they are the perpetrators and treat them like partners.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wisniewski and her colleagues will present their \u003ca href=\"http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2998352\">paper\u003c/a> at the Association for Computing Machinery conference on computer-supported cooperative work and social computing in Portland on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=To+Keep+Teens+Safe+Online%2C+They+Need+To+Learn+To+Manage+Risk&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Teens should be included in efforts to mitigate their online risks, researchers say, but apps focus more on parents controlling access by monitoring and blocking sites.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1488487222,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":963},"headData":{"title":"To Keep Teens Safe Online, They Need To Learn To Manage Risk | KQED","description":"Teens should be included in efforts to mitigate their online risks, researchers say, but apps focus more on parents controlling access by monitoring and blocking sites.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"To Keep Teens Safe Online, They Need To Learn To Manage Risk","datePublished":"2017-02-27T20:32:23.000Z","dateModified":"2017-03-02T20:40:22.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"47688 https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/?p=47688","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/mindshift/2017/02/27/to-keep-teens-safe-online-they-need-to-learn-to-manage-risk/","disqusTitle":"To Keep Teens Safe Online, They Need To Learn To Manage Risk","nprByline":"April Fulton","nprImageAgency":"Jiangang Wang/Moment Editorial/Getty Images","nprStoryId":"517491502","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=517491502&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2017/02/27/517491502/to-keep-teens-safe-online-they-need-to-learn-to-manage-risk?ft=nprml&f=517491502","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 01 Mar 2017 11:24:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 27 Feb 2017 14:38:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 01 Mar 2017 11:24:05 -0500","path":"/mindshift/47688/to-keep-teens-safe-online-they-need-to-learn-to-manage-risk","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Parents of teens know how tricky it is to keep their kids physically safe while balancing their need for greater independence, but when it comes to keeping them safe online, it can be even trickier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Horror stories of social media harassment and exposure to explicit content leading to teen suicide or even murder abound. With \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2015/04/09/mobile-access-shifts-social-media-use-and-other-online-activities/\">91 percent\u003c/a> of U.S. teens accessing the Internet via a mobile device that allows them to be online anywhere and at all times of day, parents are desperately looking for ways to protect teens from online predators, bullies, and their own poor decisionmaking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most apps sold to promote teen safety online focus on giving parents control over the phone, rather than helping teens learn how to navigate the web safely, a study finds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Researchers looked at 74 Android mobile apps and found that 89 percent of the security features on the apps focus on parental control by blocking and monitoring teens' online activities. Only 11 percent support teens' ability to regulate their own behavior. In other words, most of the apps don't encourage parents and teens to talk about their shared social media values. And that may be a missed opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The most apparent finding from our results is that developers assume that parents are the end users of mobile online safety apps, not teens,\" says lead researcher \u003ca href=\"http://www.cecs.ucf.edu/faculty/pamela-wisniewski/\">Pamela Wisniewski\u003c/a>, a former postdoctoral scholar in information sciences and technology at Penn State who is now an assistant professor in computer science at the University of Central Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Teens have somehow been overlooked within the design process because these apps clearly violate their privacy and assume the only thing that can do to protect themselves from online risk is make an SOS call to a trusted adult,\" Wisniewski said in an email to Shots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most surprising finding? That ReThink, the only app that gave teens a bigger role in online risk reduction, was designed by a 15-year-old girl, Wisniewski says. It's designed like those \u003ca href=\"https://www.thrillist.com/tech/nation/apps-to-prevent-drunk-texting-and-late-night-mistakes\">drunk texting apps\u003c/a> that temporarily block contacts (like exes) to save us from sending ill-advised screeds at the end of a long night, but this one helps teens \"rethink\" before sending a potentially hurtful message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wisniewski and her colleagues set out to reverse engineer the values in the design of existing mobile apps to try to understand what they offer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Developmental psychology says the Holy Grail of parenting teens is striking a balance between parental supervision and teen autonomy, and that teens learn coping skills when parents are actively engaged yet mindful of teens' need for independence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That general theory is supported by the American Academy of Pediatrics, which issued an online tool this past October to help families develop a \u003ca href=\"https://www.healthychildren.org/English/media/Pages/default.aspx\">media plan\u003c/a> to create goals and rules around media use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.mottchildren.org/profile/4195/jenny-stillwaggon-radesky-md\">Jenny Radesky\u003c/a>, a developmental pediatrician at the University of Michigan's C.S. Mott Children's Hospital and lead author of the AAP's policy statement on media use for young children \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2016/10/21/498706789/no-snapchat-in-the-bedroom-an-online-tool-to-manage-kids-media-use\">told Shots\u003c/a> last fall that a printout of a plan is not going to solve every family's problems about how much screen time kids should get or whether devices should be banned from the bathroom. But it will help families lay out values in advance, rather than reacting to the latest new online challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. \u003ca href=\"https://www.linkedin.com/in/yolanda-linda-reid-chassiakos-2433555/\">Yolanda Reid Chassiakos\u003c/a>, a clinical assistant professor of pediatrics at the David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, says the AAP doesn't want to paint all digital media as bad. In fact the opportunities for teens to find a supportive community and be exposed to new ideas are some of the positives. But parents must be actively involved in discussions with teens about their values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They [parents] also must model good online behavior themselves,\" Chassiakos says, like participating in \"media-free meals,\" making time for exercise, and putting the device away before bed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For their assessment of the teen mobile safety apps, the Penn State researchers developed a framework they call Teen Online Safety Strategies. TOSS weighs parents' desire to monitor, restrict and mediate teen activities with teens' need to learn self-awareness, impulse control and how to cope with risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of the apps they looked at, 49 percent had interactive interfaces only for parents, and 49 percent had interfaces for both parents and teens, although the teens' interfaces were \"extremely limited,\" the study says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Forty-four percent of all the apps' features included monitoring, 43 percent included restriction and 2 percent focused on education. Meanwhile, only 4 percent of the apps' features helped teens cope with risk, 2 percent focused on teen self-monitoring, and less than 1 percent focused on teen impulse control, according to the study.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's still early days for mobile monitoring of teenagers. Currently, \u003ca href=\"http://www.pewinternet.org/2016/01/07/parents-teens-and-digital-monitoring/\">only 16 percent\u003c/a> of parents use monitoring software on their teens' mobile phones, according to a 2016 Pew Research study. More often, parents check websites their teens have visited, monitor their social media profiles by \"friending\" them, or directly access their accounts – the online version of listening in on phone calls or sitting two rows away at the movies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wisniewski hopes her research will lead to other studies that include teens in the design of new mobile online protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"As adults, we need to start being more creative rather than trying to put 'governors' on teens' phones to prevent unwanted behaviors,\" she says. \"If we want to help protect teens from online risks, we have to stop assuming that they are the perpetrators and treat them like partners.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wisniewski and her colleagues will present their \u003ca href=\"http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2998352\">paper\u003c/a> at the Association for Computing Machinery conference on computer-supported cooperative work and social computing in Portland on Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2017 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=To+Keep+Teens+Safe+Online%2C+They+Need+To+Learn+To+Manage+Risk&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/mindshift/47688/to-keep-teens-safe-online-they-need-to-learn-to-manage-risk","authors":["byline_mindshift_47688"],"categories":["mindshift_20874"],"tags":["mindshift_822","mindshift_968","mindshift_225","mindshift_1038"],"featImg":"mindshift_47689","label":"mindshift"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. Download Chris’s Song of the Week plus other highlights from the broadcast. Produced by American Public Media.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-8pm, SUN 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Live-From-Here-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.livefromhere.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"american public media"},"link":"/radio/program/live-from-here-highlights","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1167173941","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Live-from-Here-Highlights-p921744/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/a-prairie-home-companion-highlights/rss/rss"}},"marketplace":{"id":"marketplace","title":"Marketplace","info":"Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.","airtime":"SUN 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/planet-money","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"}},"politicalbreakdown":{"id":"politicalbreakdown","title":"Political Breakdown","tagline":"Politics from a personal perspective","info":"Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.","airtime":"THU 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Political Breakdown","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"11"},"link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5Nzk2MzI2MTEx","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"}},"pri-the-world":{"id":"pri-the-world","title":"PRI's The World: Latest Edition","info":"Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.","airtime":"MON-FRI 2pm-3pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world","meta":{"site":"news","source":"PRI"},"link":"/radio/program/pri-the-world","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/","rss":"http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"}},"radiolab":{"id":"radiolab","title":"Radiolab","info":"A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.","airtime":"SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/radiolab","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/","rss":"https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"}},"reveal":{"id":"reveal","title":"Reveal","info":"Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. The warmest, wittiest cocktail party - it's spirited and civil, brainy and boisterous, peppered with musical interludes. Fast paced and playful, it's the most fun you can have with language without getting your mouth washed out with soap. Our motto: It's not important to know the answers, it's important to like the answers!","airtime":"SUN 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Says-You-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.saysyouradio.com/","meta":{"site":"comedy","source":"Pipit and Finch"},"link":"/radio/program/says-you","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/says-you!/id1050199826","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Says-You-p480/","rss":"https://saysyou.libsyn.com/rss"}},"science-friday":{"id":"science-friday","title":"Science Friday","info":"Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.","airtime":"FRI 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/science-friday","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"}},"science-podcast":{"id":"science-podcast","title":"KQED Science News","tagline":"From the lab, to your ears","info":"KQED Science explores science and environment news, trends, and events from the Bay Area and beyond.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-News-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/category/science-podcast/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"kqed","order":"17"},"link":"/science/category/science-podcast","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqed-science-news/id214663465","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2dzLmtxZWQub3JnL3NjaWVuY2UvZmVlZC8","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed-science-news","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/category/science-podcast/feed/podcast"}},"selected-shorts":{"id":"selected-shorts","title":"Selected Shorts","info":"Spellbinding short stories by established and emerging writers take on a new life when they are performed by stars of the stage and screen.","airtime":"SAT 8pm-9pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Selected-Shorts-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pri.org/programs/selected-shorts","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"pri"},"link":"/radio/program/selected-shorts","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=253191824&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Selected-Shorts-p31792/","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/selectedshorts"}},"snap-judgment":{"id":"snap-judgment","title":"Snap Judgment","info":"Snap Judgment (Storytelling, with a BEAT) mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic, kick-ass radio. Snap’s raw, musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. WNYC studios is the producer of leading podcasts including Radiolab, Freakonomics Radio, Note To Self, Here’s The Thing With Alec Baldwin, and more.","airtime":"SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/snapJudgement.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://snapjudgment.org","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/snap-judgment","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=283657561&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Snap-Judgment-p243817/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/snapjudgment-wnyc"}},"soldout":{"id":"soldout","title":"SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America","tagline":"A new future for housing","info":"Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/soldout","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":3},"link":"/podcasts/soldout","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america","tunein":"https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vc29sZG91dA"}},"ted-radio-hour":{"id":"ted-radio-hour","title":"TED Radio Hour","info":"The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.","airtime":"SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/ted-radio-hour","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"}},"tech-nation":{"id":"tech-nation","title":"Tech Nation Radio Podcast","info":"Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.","airtime":"FRI 10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://technation.podomatic.com/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"Tech Nation Media"},"link":"/radio/program/tech-nation","subscribe":{"rss":"https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"}},"thebay":{"id":"thebay","title":"The Bay","tagline":"Local news to keep you rooted","info":"Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED The Bay","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/thebay","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"6"},"link":"/podcasts/thebay","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM4MjU5Nzg2MzI3","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"}},"californiareport":{"id":"californiareport","title":"The California Report","tagline":"California, day by day","info":"KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The California Report","officialWebsiteLink":"/californiareport","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"9"},"link":"/californiareport","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1MDAyODE4NTgz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"}},"californiareportmagazine":{"id":"californiareportmagazine","title":"The California Report Magazine","tagline":"Your state, your stories","info":"Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.","airtime":"FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/californiareportmagazine","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"10"},"link":"/californiareportmagazine","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"}},"theleap":{"id":"theleap","title":"The Leap","tagline":"What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?","info":"Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The Leap","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/theleap","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"14"},"link":"/podcasts/theleap","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM0NTcwODQ2MjY2","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"}},"masters-of-scale":{"id":"masters-of-scale","title":"Masters of Scale","info":"Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.","airtime":"Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://mastersofscale.com/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WaitWhat"},"link":"/radio/program/masters-of-scale","subscribe":{"apple":"http://mastersofscale.app.link/","rss":"https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"}},"the-moth-radio-hour":{"id":"the-moth-radio-hour","title":"The Moth Radio Hour","info":"Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.","airtime":"SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://themoth.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"prx"},"link":"/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/","rss":"http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"}},"the-new-yorker-radio-hour":{"id":"the-new-yorker-radio-hour","title":"The New Yorker Radio Hour","info":"The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.","airtime":"SAT 10am-11am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"}},"the-takeaway":{"id":"the-takeaway","title":"The Takeaway","info":"The Takeaway is produced in partnership with its national audience. It delivers perspective and analysis to help us better understand the day’s news. Be a part of the American conversation on-air and online.","airtime":"MON-THU 12pm-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Takeaway-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/takeaway","meta":{"site":"news","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/the-takeaway","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-takeaway/id363143310?mt=2","tuneIn":"http://tunein.com/radio/The-Takeaway-p150731/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/takeawaypodcast"}},"this-american-life":{"id":"this-american-life","title":"This American Life","info":"This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.","airtime":"SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.thisamericanlife.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wbez"},"link":"/radio/program/this-american-life","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","rss":"https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"}},"truthbetold":{"id":"truthbetold","title":"Truth Be Told","tagline":"Advice by and for people of color","info":"We’re the friend you call after a long day, the one who gets it. Through wisdom from some of the greatest thinkers of our time, host Tonya Mosley explores what it means to grow and thrive as a Black person in America, while discovering new ways of being that serve as a portal to more love, more healing, and more joy.","airtime":"","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Truth-Be-Told-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Truth Be Told with Tonya Mosley","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.kqed.ord/podcasts/truthbetold","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr","order":"12"},"link":"/podcasts/truthbetold","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/truth-be-told/id1462216572","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS90cnV0aC1iZS10b2xkLXBvZGNhc3QvZmVlZA","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/719210818/truth-be-told","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=398170&refid=stpr","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/587DhwTBxke6uvfwDfaV5N"}},"wait-wait-dont-tell-me":{"id":"wait-wait-dont-tell-me","title":"Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!","info":"Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.","airtime":"SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"}},"washington-week":{"id":"washington-week","title":"Washington Week","info":"For 50 years, Washington Week has been the most intelligent and up to date conversation about the most important news stories of the week. Washington Week is the longest-running news and public affairs program on PBS and features journalists -- not pundits -- lending insight and perspective to the week's important news stories.","airtime":"SAT 1:30am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/washington-week.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/washington-week","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/washington-week-audio-pbs/id83324702?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Current-Affairs/Washington-Week-p693/","rss":"http://feeds.pbs.org/pbs/weta/washingtonweek-audio"}},"weekend-edition-saturday":{"id":"weekend-edition-saturday","title":"Weekend Edition Saturday","info":"Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.","airtime":"SAT 5am-10am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"},"weekend-edition-sunday":{"id":"weekend-edition-sunday","title":"Weekend Edition Sunday","info":"Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.","airtime":"SUN 5am-10am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"},"world-affairs":{"id":"world-affairs","title":"World Affairs","info":"The world as we knew it is undergoing a rapid transformation…so what's next? Welcome to WorldAffairs, your guide to a changing world. We give you the context you need to navigate across borders and ideologies. Through sound-rich stories and in-depth interviews, we break down what it means to be a global citizen on a hot, crowded planet. Our hosts, Ray Suarez, Teresa Cotsirilos and Philip Yun help you make sense of an uncertain world, one story at a time.","airtime":"MON 10pm, TUE 1am, SAT 3am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/World-Affairs-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg ","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.worldaffairs.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"World Affairs"},"link":"/radio/program/world-affairs","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/world-affairs/id101215657?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/WorldAffairs-p1665/","rss":"https://worldaffairs.libsyn.com/rss"}},"on-shifting-ground":{"id":"on-shifting-ground","title":"On Shifting Ground with Ray Suarez","info":"Geopolitical turmoil. A warming planet. Authoritarians on the rise. We live in a chaotic world that’s rapidly shifting around us. “On Shifting Ground with Ray Suarez” explores international fault lines and how they impact us all. Each week, NPR veteran Ray Suarez hosts conversations with journalists, leaders and policy experts to help us read between the headlines – and give us hope for human resilience.","airtime":"MON 10pm, TUE 1am, SAT 3am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/12/onshiftingground-600x600-1.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://worldaffairs.org/radio-podcast/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"On Shifting Ground"},"link":"/radio/program/on-shifting-ground","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/ie/podcast/on-shifting-ground/id101215657","rss":"https://feeds.libsyn.com/36668/rss"}},"hidden-brain":{"id":"hidden-brain","title":"Hidden Brain","info":"Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain","airtime":"SUN 7pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"NPR"},"link":"/radio/program/hidden-brain","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"}},"city-arts":{"id":"city-arts","title":"City Arts & Lectures","info":"A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.cityarts.net/","airtime":"SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am","meta":{"site":"news","source":"City Arts & Lectures"},"link":"https://www.cityarts.net","subscribe":{"tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/","rss":"https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"}},"white-lies":{"id":"white-lies","title":"White Lies","info":"In 1965, Rev. James Reeb was murdered in Selma, Alabama. Three men were tried and acquitted, but no one was ever held to account. Fifty years later, two journalists from Alabama return to the city where it happened, expose the lies that kept the murder from being solved and uncover a story about guilt and memory that says as much about America today as it does about the past.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/White-Lies-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510343/white-lies","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/white-lies","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/whitelies","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1462650519?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM0My9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/12yZ2j8vxqhc0QZyRES3ft?si=LfWYEK6URA63hueKVxRLAw","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510343/podcast.xml"}},"rightnowish":{"id":"rightnowish","title":"Rightnowish","tagline":"Art is where you find it","info":"Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/rightnowish","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"kqed","order":"5"},"link":"/podcasts/rightnowish","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"}},"jerrybrown":{"id":"jerrybrown","title":"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown","tagline":"Lessons from a lifetime in politics","info":"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/jerrybrown","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"16"},"link":"/podcasts/jerrybrown","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/","tuneIn":"http://tun.in/pjGcK","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9zZXJpZXMvamVycnlicm93bi9mZWVkL3BvZGNhc3Qv"}},"the-splendid-table":{"id":"the-splendid-table","title":"The Splendid Table","info":"\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.splendidtable.org/","airtime":"SUN 10-11 pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/the-splendid-table"}},"racesReducer":{"5921":{"id":"5921","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 7","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":158422,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.97,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Doris Matsui","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":89456,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tom Silva","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":48920,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Mandel","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":20046,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-09T01:00:38.194Z"},"5922":{"id":"5922","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 8","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Rudy Recile","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John Garamendi","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5924":{"id":"5924","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 10","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":185034,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.07,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark DeSaulnier","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":121265,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katherine Piccinini","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34883,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nolan Chen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":19459,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Sweeney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":7606,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mohamed Elsherbini","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1821,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-09T01:02:32.415Z"},"5926":{"id":"5926","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":153801,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.88,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:41 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lateefah Simon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":85905,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jennifer Tran","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":22964,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tony Daysog","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":17197,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stephen Slauson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9699,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Glenn Kaplan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":6785,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4243,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Abdur Sikder","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2847,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ned Nuerge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2532,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Andre Todd","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1629,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-16T00:22:36.062Z"},"5928":{"id":"5928","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 14","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":125831,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.14,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:41 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Eric Swalwell","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":83989,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Vin Kruttiventi","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":22106,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Alison Hayden","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11928,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Luis Reynoso","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":7808,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:51:36.366Z"},"5930":{"id":"5930","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 16","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":182135,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.91,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","timeUpdated":"3:04 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sam Liccardo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":38489,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Evan Low","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":30249,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Simitian","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":30249,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Peter Ohtaki","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":23275,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Peter Dixon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14673,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Rishi Kumar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":12377,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Karl Ryan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11557,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Julie Lythcott-Haims","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11383,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ahmed Mostafa","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":5811,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Greg Tanaka","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2421,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joby Bernstein","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1651,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:32:05.002Z"},"5931":{"id":"5931","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 17","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":117534,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.92,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ro Khanna","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":73941,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Anita Chen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":31539,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Ritesh Tandon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":5728,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mario Ramirez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4491,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Dehn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":1835,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-08T01:50:53.956Z"},"5932":{"id":"5932","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 18","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":96302,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.93,"eevp":98.83,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Zoe Lofgren","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":49323,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Peter Hernandez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":31622,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Charlene Nijmeh","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":10614,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Lawrence Milan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2712,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Luele Kifle","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2031,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:26:02.706Z"},"5963":{"id":"5963","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":139085,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.62,"eevp":98.6,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Greer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":38079,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Chris Rogers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":27126,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rusty Hicks","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25615,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ariel Kelley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19483,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Frankie Myers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":17694,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ted Williams","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":9550,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Cynthia Click","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1538,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-22T21:38:36.711Z"},"5972":{"id":"5972","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":99775,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lori Wilson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":50085,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Dave Ennis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":26074,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Wanda Wallis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14638,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jeffrey Flack","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":8978,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-08T02:01:24.524Z"},"5973":{"id":"5973","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":143532,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.19,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:38 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Damon Connolly","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":111275,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andy Podshadley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":17240,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Eryn Cervantes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15017,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-21T00:25:32.262Z"},"5975":{"id":"5975","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 14","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":106997,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.06,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Buffy Wicks","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":78678,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Margot Smith","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":18251,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Utkarsh Jain","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":10068,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-15T01:30:34.539Z"},"5976":{"id":"5976","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":97144,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.98,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sonia Ledo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":30946,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Anamarie Farias","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":29512,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Monica Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":24775,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Karen Mitchoff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11911,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T00:19:38.858Z"},"5977":{"id":"5977","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 16","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joseph Rubay","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rebecca Bauer-Kahan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5978":{"id":"5978","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 17","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":111003,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"8:25 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Matt Haney","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":90915,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Manuel Noris-Barrera","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":13843,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Otto Duke","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":6245,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:36:19.697Z"},"5979":{"id":"5979","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 18","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":86008,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.1,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:41 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mia Bonta","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":73040,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andre Sandford","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"AIP","voteCount":4575,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mindy Pechenuk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4389,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Cheyenne Kenney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4004,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T08:03:23.729Z"},"5980":{"id":"5980","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 19","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":113959,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.8,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Catherine Stefani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":64960,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":33035,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nadia Flamenco","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":8335,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Arjun Sodhani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":7629,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-11T23:50:23.109Z"},"5981":{"id":"5981","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 20","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:36 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Liz Ortega","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5982":{"id":"5982","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 21","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark Gilham","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Diane Papan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5984":{"id":"5984","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 23","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":116963,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.91,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Marc Berman","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":67106,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Lydia Kou","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":23699,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Gus Mattammal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":13277,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Allan Marson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":12881,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T01:13:06.280Z"},"5987":{"id":"5987","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 26","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":72753,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.19,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Patrick Ahrens","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25036,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tara Sreekrishnan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19600,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Sophie Song","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15954,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Omar Din","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":8772,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Bob Goodwyn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":2170,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ashish Garg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1221,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T21:06:29.070Z"},"5989":{"id":"5989","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 28","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Gail Pellerin","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Liz Lawler","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6010":{"id":"6010","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 49","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:36 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Fong","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Long Liu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6018":{"id":"6018","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":229348,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.05,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:38 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jared Huffman","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":169005,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Chris Coulombe","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":37372,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tief Gibbs","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":18437,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jolian Kangas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":3166,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Brisendine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1368,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:46:10.103Z"},"6020":{"id":"6020","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":187640,"precinctsReportPercentage":96.32,"eevp":96.36,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Thompson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":118147,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John Munn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":56232,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andrew Engdahl","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11202,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Niket Patwardhan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":2059,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-07T00:30:57.980Z"},"6025":{"id":"6025","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 9","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":121271,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.17,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Josh Harder","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":60396,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Kevin Lincoln","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":36346,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John McBride","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15525,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Khalid Jafri","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9004,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:49:44.113Z"},"6031":{"id":"6031","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Anna Kramer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Kevin Mullin","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6035":{"id":"6035","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 19","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":203670,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.11,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jimmy Panetta","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":132540,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jason Anderson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":58120,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Sean Dougherty","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Grn","voteCount":13010,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-07T00:23:46.779Z"},"6066":{"id":"6066","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 3","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jamie Gallagher","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Aaron Draper","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6067":{"id":"6067","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 4","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Cecilia Aguiar-Curry","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6087":{"id":"6087","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 24","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":66643,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.19,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Alex Lee","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":45544,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bob Brunton","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14951,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marti Souza","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":6148,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T23:23:49.770Z"},"6088":{"id":"6088","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 25","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":69560,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.31,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ash Kalra","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":35821,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Ted Stroll","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":18255,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Lan Ngo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":15484,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T02:40:57.200Z"},"6092":{"id":"6092","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 29","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Robert Rivas","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"J.W. Paine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6223":{"id":"6223","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 46","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:16 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lou Correa","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Pan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6530":{"id":"6530","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 3","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":222193,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Thom Bogue","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":61776,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Christopher Cabaldon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":59041,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rozzana Verder-Aliga","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":45546,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jackie Elward","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":41127,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jimih Jones","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14703,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-15T01:24:31.539Z"},"6531":{"id":"6531","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":171623,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.09,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:10 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jim Shoemaker","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":74935,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jerry McNerney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":57040,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Carlos Villapudua","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":39648,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T20:07:46.382Z"},"6532":{"id":"6532","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 7","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":192446,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.72,"eevp":98.78,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:48 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jesse Arreguín","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":61837,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jovanka Beckles","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":34025,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Dan Kalb","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":28842,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Kathryn Lybarger","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":28041,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sandre Swanson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":22862,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jeanne Solnordal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":16839,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-16T00:58:11.533Z"},"6533":{"id":"6533","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 9","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Tim Grayson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marisol Rubio","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6534":{"id":"6534","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":228260,"precinctsReportPercentage":99.09,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Scott Wiener","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":166592,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Yvette Corkrean","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34438,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Cynthia Cravens","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":18513,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jing Xiong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":8717,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T02:01:51.597Z"},"6535":{"id":"6535","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 13","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":227191,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.88,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Josh Becker","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":167127,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Alexander Glew","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":42788,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Christina Laskowski","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":17276,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T01:56:24.964Z"},"6536":{"id":"6536","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":180231,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.81,"eevp":98.95,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:20 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Dave Cortese","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":124440,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Robert Howell","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34173,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tony Loaiza","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":21618,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T01:15:45.365Z"},"6548":{"id":"6548","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 39","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 20, 2024","timeUpdated":"4:55 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Akilah Weber","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bob Divine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6611":{"id":"6611","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":188732,"precinctsReportPercentage":98.89,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 22, 2024","timeUpdated":"8:25 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Nancy Pelosi","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":138285,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bruce Lou","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":16285,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marjorie Mikels","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":9363,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Bianca Von Krieg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":7634,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Zeng","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":6607,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Boyce","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4325,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Larry Nichelson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3482,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eve Del Castello","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2751,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:31:55.445Z"},"8589":{"id":"8589","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. Senate, Class I","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":7276537,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Adam Schiff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2299507,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Steve Garvey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2292414,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katie Porter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1115606,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Barbara Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":714408,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Early","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":240723,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"James Bradley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":98180,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Christina Pascucci","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":61755,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sharleta Bassett","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":54422,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sarah Liew","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":38483,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Laura Garza ","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":34320,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jonathan Reiss","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34283,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sepi Gilani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":34056,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Gail Lightfoot","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":33046,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Denice Gary-Pandol","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":25494,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"James Macauley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":23168,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Harmesh Kumar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21522,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"David Peterson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21076,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Douglas Pierce","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19371,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Major Singh","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":16965,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"John Rose","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14577,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Perry Pound","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14134,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Raji Rab","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":13558,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mark Ruzon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":13429,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Forrest Jones","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"AIP","voteCount":13027,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stefan Simchowitz","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":12717,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Martin Veprauskas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9714,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Don Grundmann","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":6582,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T05:01:46.589Z"},"8686":{"id":"8686","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"President,","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":3589127,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:48 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joe Biden","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":3200188,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marianne Williamson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":145690,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Dean Phillips","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":99981,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Armando Perez-Serrato","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":42925,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Gabriel Cornejo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":41261,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"President Boddie","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25373,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stephen Lyons","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21008,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eban Cambridge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":12701,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:12:27.559Z"},"8688":{"id":"8688","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"President,","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":2466569,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Donald Trump","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":1953947,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nikki Haley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":430792,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ron DeSantis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":35581,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Chris Christie","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":20164,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Vivek Ramaswamy","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11069,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Rachel Swift","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4231,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"David Stuckenberg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3895,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ryan Binkley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3563,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Asa Hutchinson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3327,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:13:19.766Z"},"81993":{"id":"81993","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. Senate, Class I Unexpired Term","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":7358837,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Steve Garvey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2444940,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Adam Schiff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2155146,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katie Porter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1269194,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Barbara Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":863278,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Early","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":448788,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Christina Pascucci","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":109421,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sepi Gilani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":68070,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:31:08.186Z"},"82014":{"id":"82014","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"Proposition, 1 - Behavioral Health Services Program","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":7221972,"precinctsReportPercentage":99,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"Tabulation Paused","dateUpdated":"March 25, 2024","timeUpdated":"5:47 AM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":null,"voteCount":3624998,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":null,"voteCount":3596974,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-21T00:11:06.265Z"},"timeLoaded":"April 29, 2024 5:20 PM","nationalRacesLoaded":true,"localRacesLoaded":true,"overrides":[{"id":"5921","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 7","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5922","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 8","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5924","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 10","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5926","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 12","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/congress-12th-district"},{"id":"5928","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 14","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5930","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 16","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/congress-16th-district"},{"id":"5931","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 17","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5932","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 18","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5963","raceName":"State Assembly, District 2","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5972","raceName":"State Assembly, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5973","raceName":"State Assembly, District 12","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5975","raceName":"State Assembly, District 14","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5976","raceName":"State Assembly, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/contracosta/state-assembly"},{"id":"5977","raceName":"State Assembly, District 16","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5978","raceName":"State Assembly, District 17","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5979","raceName":"State Assembly, District 18","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5980","raceName":"State Assembly, District 19","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5981","raceName":"State Assembly, District 20","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5982","raceName":"State Assembly, District 21","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5984","raceName":"State Assembly, District 23","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-assembly-23rd-district"},{"id":"5987","raceName":"State Assembly, District 26","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/state-assembly-26th-district"},{"id":"5989","raceName":"State Assembly, District 28","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6010","raceName":"State Assembly, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6018","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 2","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6020","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6025","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 9","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6031","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6035","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 19","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6067","raceName":"State Assembly, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6087","raceName":"State Assembly, District 24","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6088","raceName":"State Assembly, District 25","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6092","raceName":"State Assembly, District 29","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6223","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6530","raceName":"State Senate, District 3","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-senate-3rd-district"},{"id":"6531","raceName":"State Senate, District 5","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6532","raceName":"State Senate, District 7","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-senate-7th-district"},{"id":"6533","raceName":"State Senate, District 9","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6534","raceName":"State Senate, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6535","raceName":"State Senate, District 13","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6536","raceName":"State Senate, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6611","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"8589","raceName":"U.S. Senate (Full Term)","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/senator"},{"id":"8686","raceName":"California Democratic Presidential Primary","raceDescription":"Candidates are competing for 496 delegates.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/president/democrat"},{"id":"8688","raceName":"California Republican Presidential Primary","raceDescription":"Candidates are competing for 169 delegates.","raceReadTheStory":"https://kqed.org/elections/results/president/republican"},{"id":"81993","raceName":"U.S. Senate (Partial/Unexpired Term)","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election."},{"id":"82014","raceName":"Proposition 1","raceDescription":"Bond and mental health reforms. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/proposition-1"}],"AlamedaJudge5":{"id":"AlamedaJudge5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":200601,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Terry Wiley","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":200601}]},"AlamedaJudge12":{"id":"AlamedaJudge12","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":240853,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark Fickes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":133009},{"candidateName":"Michael P. Johnson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":107844}]},"AlamedaBoard2":{"id":"AlamedaBoard2","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":33580,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"John Lewis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6943},{"candidateName":"Angela Normand","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":26637}]},"AlamedaBoard5":{"id":"AlamedaBoard5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":26072,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Guadalupe \"Lupe\" Angulo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7521},{"candidateName":"Janevette Cole","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13338},{"candidateName":"Joe Orlando Ramos","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5213}]},"AlamedaBoard6":{"id":"AlamedaBoard6","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 6","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":30864,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"John Guerrero","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9989},{"candidateName":"Eileen McDonald","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20875}]},"AlamedaSup1":{"id":"AlamedaSup1","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":41038,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Haubert","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":41038}]},"AlamedaSup2":{"id":"AlamedaSup2","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":31034,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Elisa Márquez","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":31034}]},"AlamedaSup4":{"id":"AlamedaSup4","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":57007,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jennifer Esteen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22400},{"candidateName":"Nate Miley","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":34607}]},"AlamedaSup5":{"id":"AlamedaSup5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":81059,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ben Bartlett","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13518},{"candidateName":"Nikki Fortunato Bas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":27597},{"candidateName":"John J. Bauters","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":16783},{"candidateName":"Ken Berrick","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7520},{"candidateName":"Omar Farmer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1240},{"candidateName":"Gregory Hodge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3419},{"candidateName":"Chris Moore","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7428},{"candidateName":"Gerald Pechenuk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":305},{"candidateName":"Lorrel Plimier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3249}]},"AlamedaBoard7":{"id":"AlamedaBoard7","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Flood Control & Water Conservation District Director, Zone 7, Full Term","raceDescription":"Top three candidates win seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top3","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":134340,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Alan Burnham","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":15723},{"candidateName":"Sandy Figuers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22454},{"candidateName":"Laurene K. Green","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":30343},{"candidateName":"Kathy Narum","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23833},{"candidateName":"Seema Badar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7468},{"candidateName":"Catherine Brown","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":34519}]},"AlamedaAuditor":{"id":"AlamedaAuditor","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Oakland Auditor","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":59227,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Houston","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":59227}]},"AlamedaMeasureA":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Alameda County. Civil service. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":282335,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":167903},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":114432}]},"AlamedaMeasureB":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Alameda County. Recall rules. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/measure-b","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":282683,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":182200},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":100483}]},"AlamedaMeasureD":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Oakland. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":79797,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":59852},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":19945}]},"AlamedaMeasureE":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Alameda Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":22692,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":17280},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5412}]},"AlamedaMeasureF":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureF","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure F","raceDescription":"Piedmont. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":4855,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3673},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1182}]},"AlamedaMeasureG":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Albany Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":5898,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4651},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1247}]},"AlamedaMeasureH":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Berkeley Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":33331,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":29418},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3913}]},"AlamedaMeasureI":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureI","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure I","raceDescription":"Hayward Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":21929,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14151},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7778}]},"AlamedaMeasureJ":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureJ","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure J","raceDescription":"San Leandro Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":12338,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7784},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4554}]},"CCD2":{"id":"CCD2","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":45776,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Candace Andersen","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":45776}]},"CCD3":{"id":"CCD3","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":25120,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Diane Burgis","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":25120}]},"CCD5":{"id":"CCD5","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/contracosta/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":37045,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Barbanica","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14338},{"candidateName":"Jelani Killings","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5683},{"candidateName":"Shanelle Scales-Preston","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":12993},{"candidateName":"Iztaccuauhtli Hector Gonzalez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4031}]},"CCMeasureA":{"id":"CCMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Martinez. Appoint City Clerk. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":11513,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7554},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3959}]},"CCMeasureB":{"id":"CCMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Antioch Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":17971,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10397},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7574}]},"CCMeasureC":{"id":"CCMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Martinez Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":9230,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6917},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2313}]},"CCMeasureD":{"id":"CCMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Moraga School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":6007,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4052},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1955}]},"MarinD2":{"id":"MarinD2","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/supervisor-2nd-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":18466,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Brian Colbert","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7971},{"candidateName":"Heather McPhail Sridharan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4851},{"candidateName":"Ryan O'Neil","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2647},{"candidateName":"Gabe Paulson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2997}]},"MarinD3":{"id":"MarinD3","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":13274,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Stephanie Moulton-Peters","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13274}]},"MarinD4":{"id":"MarinD4","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":12986,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Dennis Rodoni","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10086},{"candidateName":"Francis Drouillard","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2900}]},"MarinLarkspurCC":{"id":"MarinLarkspurCC","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Larkspur City Council (Short Term)","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":4176,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Stephanie Andre","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2514},{"candidateName":"Claire Paquette","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1008},{"candidateName":"Lana Scott","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":654}]},"MarinRossCouncil":{"id":"MarinRossCouncil","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Ross Town Council","raceDescription":"Top three candidates win seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top3","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1740,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Charles William \"Bill\" Kircher, Jr.","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":536},{"candidateName":"Mathew Salter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":502},{"candidateName":"Shadi Aboukhater","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":187},{"candidateName":"Teri Dowling","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":515}]},"MarinMeasureA":{"id":"MarinMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Tamalpais Union High School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":45345,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":24376},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20969}]},"MarinMeasureB":{"id":"MarinMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Petaluma Joint Union High School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":132,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":62},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":70}]},"MarinMeasureC":{"id":"MarinMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Belvedere. Appropriation limit. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":870,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":679},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":191}]},"MarinMeasureD":{"id":"MarinMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Larkspur. Rent stabilization. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/measure-d","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":4955,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2573},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2382}]},"MarinMeasureE":{"id":"MarinMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Ross. Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/measure-e","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":874,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":683},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":191}]},"MarinMeasureF":{"id":"MarinMeasureF","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure F","raceDescription":"San Anselmo. Flood Control and Water Conservation District. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":5193,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3083},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2110}]},"MarinMeasureG":{"id":"MarinMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Bel Marin Keys Community Services District. Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":830,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":661},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":169}]},"MarinMeasureH":{"id":"MarinMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Marinwood Community Services District. Appropriations limit, fire protection. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1738,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1369},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":369}]},"MarinMeasureI":{"id":"MarinMeasureI","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure I","raceDescription":"Marinwood Community Services District. Appropriations limit, parks. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1735,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1336},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":399}]},"NapaD2":{"id":"NapaD2","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":8351,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Liz Alessio","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6340},{"candidateName":"Doris Gentry","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2011}]},"NapaD4":{"id":"NapaD4","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/napa/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":7306,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Amber Manfree","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3913},{"candidateName":"Pete Mott","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3393}]},"NapaD5":{"id":"NapaD5","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/napa/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":5356,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mariam Aboudamous","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2379},{"candidateName":"Belia Ramos","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2977}]},"NapaMeasureD":{"id":"NapaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Howell Mountain Elementary School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":741,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":367},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":374}]},"NapaMeasureU":{"id":"NapaMeasureU","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure U","raceDescription":"Lake Berryessa Resort Improvement District. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":86,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":63},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23}]},"NapaMeasureU1":{"id":"NapaMeasureU1","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure U","raceDescription":"Yountville. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":925,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":793},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":132}]},"SFJudge1":{"id":"SFJudge1","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Seat 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/superior-court-seat-1","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":202960,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Begert","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":124943},{"candidateName":"Chip Zecher","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":78017}]},"SFJudge13":{"id":"SFJudge13","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Seat 13","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/superior-court-seat-13","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":202386,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jean Myungjin Roland","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":90012},{"candidateName":"Patrick S. Thompson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":112374}]},"SFPropA":{"id":"SFPropA","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition A","raceDescription":"Housing bond. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-a","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":225187,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":158497},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":66690}]},"SFPropB":{"id":"SFPropB","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition B","raceDescription":"Police staffing. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222954,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":61580},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":161374}]},"SFPropC":{"id":"SFPropC","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition C","raceDescription":"Transfer tax exemption. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":220349,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":116311},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":104038}]},"SFPropD":{"id":"SFPropD","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition D","raceDescription":"Ethics laws. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222615,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":198584},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":24031}]},"SFPropE":{"id":"SFPropE","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition E","raceDescription":"Police policies. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-e","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222817,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":120529},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":102288}]},"SFPropF":{"id":"SFPropF","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition F","raceDescription":"Drug screening. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-f","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":224004,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":130214},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":93790}]},"SFPropG":{"id":"SFPropG","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition G","raceDescription":"Eighth-grade algebra. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222704,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":182066},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":40638}]},"SMJudge4":{"id":"SMJudge4","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":108919,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sarah Burdick","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":108919}]},"SMD1":{"id":"SMD1","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanmateo/supervisor-1st-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":29650,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jackie Speier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20353},{"candidateName":"Ann Schneider","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9297}]},"SMD4":{"id":"SMD4","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanmateo/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22725,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Antonio Lopez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5730},{"candidateName":"Lisa Gauthier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10358},{"candidateName":"Celeste Brevard","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1268},{"candidateName":"Paul Bocanegra","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1909},{"candidateName":"Maggie Cornejo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3460}]},"SMD5":{"id":"SMD5","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":19937,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Canepa","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":19937}]},"SMMeasureB":{"id":"SMMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"County Service Area #1 (Highlands). Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":1549,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1360},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":189}]},"SMMeasureC":{"id":"SMMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Jefferson Elementary School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":12234,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8543},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3691}]},"SMMeasureE":{"id":"SMMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Woodside Elementary School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":1392,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":910},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":482}]},"SMMeasureG":{"id":"SMMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Pacifica School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":11548,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7067},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4481}]},"SMMeasureH":{"id":"SMMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"San Carlos School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":9938,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6283},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3655}]},"SCJudge5":{"id":"SCJudge5","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":301953,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jay Boyarsky","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":142549},{"candidateName":"Nicole M. Ford","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":52147},{"candidateName":"Johnene Linda Stebbins","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":107257}]},"SCD2":{"id":"SCD2","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/supervisor-2nd-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":44059,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Corina Herrera-Loera","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10519},{"candidateName":"Jennifer Margaret Celaya","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2394},{"candidateName":"Madison Nguyen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":12794},{"candidateName":"Betty Duong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14031},{"candidateName":"Nelson McElmurry","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4321}]},"SCD3":{"id":"SCD3","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":42549,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Otto Lee","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":42549}]},"SCD5":{"id":"SCD5","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":88712,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Margaret Abe-Koga","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":37172},{"candidateName":"Sally J. Lieber","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":21962},{"candidateName":"Barry Chang","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6164},{"candidateName":"Peter C. Fung","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":17892},{"candidateName":"Sandy Sans","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5522}]},"SCSJMayor":{"id":"SCSJMayor","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José Mayor","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":167064,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Matt Mahan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":144701},{"candidateName":"Tyrone Wade","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22363}]},"SCSJD2":{"id":"SCSJD2","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14131,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joe Lopez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4950},{"candidateName":"Pamela Campos","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3436},{"candidateName":"Vanessa Sandoval","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2719},{"candidateName":"Babu Prasad","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3026}]},"SCSJD4":{"id":"SCSJD4","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14322,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Kansen Chu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5931},{"candidateName":"David Cohen","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8391}]},"SCSJD6":{"id":"SCSJD6","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 6","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":25108,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Cohen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9875},{"candidateName":"Alex Shoor","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3850},{"candidateName":"Angelo \"A.J.\" Pasciuti","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2688},{"candidateName":"Michael Mulcahy","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8695}]},"SCSJD8":{"id":"SCSJD8","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 8","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":21462,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Tam Truong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6982},{"candidateName":"Domingo Candelas","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8466},{"candidateName":"Sukhdev Singh Bainiwal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5513},{"candidateName":"Surinder Kaur Dhaliwal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":501}]},"SCSJD10":{"id":"SCSJD10","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 10","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22799,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"George Casey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8805},{"candidateName":"Arjun Batra","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8354},{"candidateName":"Lenka Wright","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5640}]},"SCMeasureA":{"id":"SCMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Santa Clara. Appointed city clerk. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":20315,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6580},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13735}]},"SCMeasureB":{"id":"SCMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Santa Clara. Appointed police chief. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":20567,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5680},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14887}]},"SCMeasureC":{"id":"SCMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Sunnyvale School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14656,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10261},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4395}]},"SolanoD15":{"id":"SolanoD15","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Department 15","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":81709,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Thompson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":36844},{"candidateName":"Bryan J. Kim","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":44865}]},"SolanoD1":{"id":"SolanoD1","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/supervisor-1st-district","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":13786,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6401},{"candidateName":"Cassandra James","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7385}]},"SolanoD2":{"id":"SolanoD2","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":19903,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Monica Brown","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10951},{"candidateName":"Nora Dizon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3135},{"candidateName":"Rochelle Sherlock","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5817}]},"SolanoD5":{"id":"SolanoD5","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":17888,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mitch Mashburn","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":11210},{"candidateName":"Chadwick J. Ledoux","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6678}]},"SolanoEducation":{"id":"SolanoEducation","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Sacramento County Board of Education","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":3650,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Heather Davis","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2960},{"candidateName":"Shazleen Khan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":690}]},"SolanoMeasureA":{"id":"SolanoMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Benicia. Hotel tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/measure-a","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10136,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7869},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2267}]},"SolanoMeasureB":{"id":"SolanoMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Benicia. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/measure-b","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10164,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7335},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2829}]},"SolanoMeasureC":{"id":"SolanoMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Benicia Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10112,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6316},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3796}]},"SolanoMeasureN":{"id":"SolanoMeasureN","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure N","raceDescription":"Davis Joint Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":15,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10}]},"SonomaJudge3":{"id":"SonomaJudge3","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":115405,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Kristine M. Burk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":79498},{"candidateName":"Beki Berrey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":35907}]},"SonomaJudge4":{"id":"SonomaJudge4","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":86789,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Paul J. Lozada","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":86789}]},"SonomaJudge6":{"id":"SonomaJudge6","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 6","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":117990,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Omar Figueroa","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":42236},{"candidateName":"Kenneth English","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":75754}]},"SonomaD1":{"id":"SonomaD1","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":30348,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Rebecca Hermosillo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23958},{"candidateName":"Jonathan Mathieu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6390}]},"SonomaD3":{"id":"SonomaD3","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sonoma/supervisor-3rd-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":16312,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Chris Coursey","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":11346},{"candidateName":"Omar Medina","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4966}]},"SonomaD5":{"id":"SonomaD5","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":23356,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lynda Hopkins","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23356}]},"SonomaMeasureA":{"id":"SonomaMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Cotati-Rohnert Park Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":13756,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10320},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3436}]},"SonomaMeasureB":{"id":"SonomaMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Petaluma Joint Union High School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":24877,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":15795},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9082}]},"SonomaMeasureC":{"id":"SonomaMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Fort Ross School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":286,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":159},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":127}]},"SonomaMeasureD":{"id":"SonomaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Harmony Union School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":1925,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1089},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":836}]},"SonomaMeasureE":{"id":"SonomaMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Petaluma City (Elementary) School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":11133,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7622},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3511}]},"SonomaMeasureG":{"id":"SonomaMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Rincon Valley Union School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":14577,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8668},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5909}]},"SonomaMeasureH":{"id":"SonomaMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Sonoma County. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sonoma/measure-h","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":145261,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":89646},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":55615}]}},"radioSchedulesReducer":{},"listsReducer":{"posts/mindshift?tag=digital-citizenship":{"isFetching":false,"latestQuery":{"from":0,"postsToRender":9},"tag":null,"vitalsOnly":true,"totalRequested":9,"isLoading":false,"isLoadingMore":true,"total":21,"items":["mindshift_62986","mindshift_62004","mindshift_60090","mindshift_53992","mindshift_53123","mindshift_52180","mindshift_49144","mindshift_49607","mindshift_47688"]}},"recallGuideReducer":{"intros":{},"policy":{},"candidates":{}},"savedPostsReducer":{},"pfsSessionReducer":{},"siteSettingsReducer":{},"subscriptionsReducer":{},"termsReducer":{"about":{"name":"About","type":"terms","id":"about","slug":"about","link":"/about","taxonomy":"site"},"arts":{"name":"Arts & Culture","grouping":["arts","pop","trulyca"],"description":"KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.","type":"terms","id":"arts","slug":"arts","link":"/arts","taxonomy":"site"},"artschool":{"name":"Art School","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"artschool","slug":"artschool","link":"/artschool","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareabites":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"bayareabites","slug":"bayareabites","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareahiphop":{"name":"Bay Area Hiphop","type":"terms","id":"bayareahiphop","slug":"bayareahiphop","link":"/bayareahiphop","taxonomy":"site"},"campaign21":{"name":"Campaign 21","type":"terms","id":"campaign21","slug":"campaign21","link":"/campaign21","taxonomy":"site"},"checkplease":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"checkplease","slug":"checkplease","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"education":{"name":"Education","grouping":["education"],"type":"terms","id":"education","slug":"education","link":"/education","taxonomy":"site"},"elections":{"name":"Elections","type":"terms","id":"elections","slug":"elections","link":"/elections","taxonomy":"site"},"events":{"name":"Events","type":"terms","id":"events","slug":"events","link":"/events","taxonomy":"site"},"event":{"name":"Event","alias":"events","type":"terms","id":"event","slug":"event","link":"/event","taxonomy":"site"},"filmschoolshorts":{"name":"Film School Shorts","type":"terms","id":"filmschoolshorts","slug":"filmschoolshorts","link":"/filmschoolshorts","taxonomy":"site"},"food":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"type":"terms","id":"food","slug":"food","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"forum":{"name":"Forum","relatedContentQuery":"posts/forum?","parent":"news","type":"terms","id":"forum","slug":"forum","link":"/forum","taxonomy":"site"},"futureofyou":{"name":"Future of You","grouping":["science","futureofyou"],"parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"futureofyou","slug":"futureofyou","link":"/futureofyou","taxonomy":"site"},"jpepinheart":{"name":"KQED food","relatedContentQuery":"trending/food,bayareabites,checkplease","parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"jpepinheart","slug":"jpepinheart","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"liveblog":{"name":"Live Blog","type":"terms","id":"liveblog","slug":"liveblog","link":"/liveblog","taxonomy":"site"},"livetv":{"name":"Live TV","parent":"tv","type":"terms","id":"livetv","slug":"livetv","link":"/livetv","taxonomy":"site"},"lowdown":{"name":"The Lowdown","relatedContentQuery":"posts/lowdown?","parent":"news","type":"terms","id":"lowdown","slug":"lowdown","link":"/lowdown","taxonomy":"site"},"mindshift":{"name":"Mindshift","parent":"news","description":"MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.","type":"terms","id":"mindshift","slug":"mindshift","link":"/mindshift","taxonomy":"site"},"news":{"name":"News","grouping":["news","forum"],"type":"terms","id":"news","slug":"news","link":"/news","taxonomy":"site"},"perspectives":{"name":"Perspectives","parent":"radio","type":"terms","id":"perspectives","slug":"perspectives","link":"/perspectives","taxonomy":"site"},"podcasts":{"name":"Podcasts","type":"terms","id":"podcasts","slug":"podcasts","link":"/podcasts","taxonomy":"site"},"pop":{"name":"Pop","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"pop","slug":"pop","link":"/pop","taxonomy":"site"},"pressroom":{"name":"Pressroom","type":"terms","id":"pressroom","slug":"pressroom","link":"/pressroom","taxonomy":"site"},"quest":{"name":"Quest","parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"quest","slug":"quest","link":"/quest","taxonomy":"site"},"radio":{"name":"Radio","grouping":["forum","perspectives"],"description":"Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.","type":"terms","id":"radio","slug":"radio","link":"/radio","taxonomy":"site"},"root":{"name":"KQED","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","imageWidth":1200,"imageHeight":630,"headData":{"title":"KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California","description":"KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."},"type":"terms","id":"root","slug":"root","link":"/root","taxonomy":"site"},"science":{"name":"Science","grouping":["science","futureofyou"],"description":"KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.","type":"terms","id":"science","slug":"science","link":"/science","taxonomy":"site"},"stateofhealth":{"name":"State of Health","parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"stateofhealth","slug":"stateofhealth","link":"/stateofhealth","taxonomy":"site"},"support":{"name":"Support","type":"terms","id":"support","slug":"support","link":"/support","taxonomy":"site"},"thedolist":{"name":"The Do List","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"thedolist","slug":"thedolist","link":"/thedolist","taxonomy":"site"},"trulyca":{"name":"Truly CA","grouping":["arts","pop","trulyca"],"parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"trulyca","slug":"trulyca","link":"/trulyca","taxonomy":"site"},"tv":{"name":"TV","type":"terms","id":"tv","slug":"tv","link":"/tv","taxonomy":"site"},"voterguide":{"name":"Voter Guide","parent":"elections","alias":"elections","type":"terms","id":"voterguide","slug":"voterguide","link":"/voterguide","taxonomy":"site"},"mindshift_822":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_822","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"822","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"digital citizenship","slug":"digital-citizenship","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"digital citizenship Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null,"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","width":1200,"height":630},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"}},"ttid":825,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/digital-citizenship"},"mindshift_20579":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20579","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20579","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Creativity","slug":"creativity-3","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Creativity Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19856,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/creativity-3"},"mindshift_195":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_195","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"195","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Digital Tools","slug":"digital-tools","taxonomy":"category","description":"How devices, software, and the Internet are changing the classroom dynamic.","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Digital Tools Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":"How devices, software, and the Internet are changing the classroom dynamic.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":195,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/digital-tools"},"mindshift_21358":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21358","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21358","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Distance Learning","slug":"distance-learning","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Distance Learning - Education News and Updates | KQED","description":"Learn about the benefits and challenges of online learning and the future of distance education through our archive, \"Distance Learning\".","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20630,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/distance-learning"},"mindshift_193":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_193","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"193","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Teaching Strategies","slug":"teaching-strategies","taxonomy":"category","description":"Innovative ideas - projects, processes, curricula, and more - that are transforming how we teach and learn.","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Teaching Strategies Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":"Innovative ideas - projects, processes, curricula, and more - that are transforming how we teach and learn.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":193,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/teaching-strategies"},"mindshift_1023":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_1023","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"1023","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"artificial intelligence","slug":"artificial-intelligence","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"artificial intelligence Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1028,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/artificial-intelligence"},"mindshift_528":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_528","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"528","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"copyright","slug":"copyright","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"copyright Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":531,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/copyright"},"mindshift_529":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_529","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"529","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"creative commons","slug":"creative-commons","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"creative commons Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":532,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/creative-commons"},"mindshift_862":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_862","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"862","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"creativity","slug":"creativity","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"creativity Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":865,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/creativity"},"mindshift_968":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_968","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"968","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"digital literacy","slug":"digital-literacy","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"digital literacy Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":973,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/digital-literacy"},"mindshift_546":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_546","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"546","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"ISTE","slug":"iste","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"ISTE Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":549,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/iste"},"mindshift_21445":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21445","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21445","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Adolescence","slug":"adolescence","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Adolescence Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20717,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/adolescence"},"mindshift_21385":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21385","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21385","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Parenting","slug":"parenting","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Parenting Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20657,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/parenting"},"mindshift_20874":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20874","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20874","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Teenage Years","slug":"teenage-years","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Teenage Years Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20152,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/teenage-years"},"mindshift_866":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_866","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"866","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"cell phones","slug":"cell-phones","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"cell phones Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":869,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/cell-phones"},"mindshift_691":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_691","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"691","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"digital footprint","slug":"digital-footprint","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"digital footprint Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":694,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/digital-footprint"},"mindshift_21473":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21473","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21473","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"early adolescence","slug":"early-adolescence","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"early adolescence Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20745,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/early-adolescence"},"mindshift_145":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_145","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"145","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Middle School","slug":"middle-school","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Middle School Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":145,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/middle-school"},"mindshift_20568":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20568","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20568","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"parenting","slug":"parenting","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"parenting Archives - KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19845,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/parenting"},"mindshift_290":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_290","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"290","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"parents","slug":"parents","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"parents Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":291,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/parents"},"mindshift_20816":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20816","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20816","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"screen time","slug":"screen-time","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"screen time Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20093,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/screen-time"},"mindshift_393":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_393","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"393","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"smart phones","slug":"smart-phones","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"smart phones Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":394,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/smart-phones"},"mindshift_30":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_30","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"30","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Social Media","slug":"social-media","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Social Media Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":30,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/social-media"},"mindshift_21680":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21680","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21680","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"tweens","slug":"tweens","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"tweens Archives - KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20952,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/tweens"},"mindshift_20788":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20788","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20788","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"EDUCATIONAL APPS","slug":"educational-apps-3","taxonomy":"category","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"EDUCATIONAL APPS Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20065,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/educational-apps-3"},"mindshift_20533":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20533","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20533","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"civics","slug":"civics","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"civics Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19810,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/civics"},"mindshift_21294":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21294","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21294","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"edtech","slug":"edtech","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"edtech Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20566,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/edtech"},"mindshift_545":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_545","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"545","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"International Society for Technology in Education","slug":"international-society-for-technology-in-education","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"International Society for Technology in Education Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":548,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/international-society-for-technology-in-education"},"mindshift_550":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_550","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"550","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Reading","slug":"reading","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Reading Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":553,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/reading"},"mindshift_963":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_963","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"963","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"teaching with tech","slug":"teaching-with-tech","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"teaching with tech Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":968,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/teaching-with-tech"},"mindshift_851":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_851","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"851","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"writing","slug":"writing","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"writing Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":854,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/writing"},"mindshift_192":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_192","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"192","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Big Ideas","slug":"big-ideas","taxonomy":"category","description":"The latest findings from experts in the field related to the future of learning.","featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Big Ideas Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":"The latest findings from experts in the field related to the future of learning.","ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":192,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/category/big-ideas"},"mindshift_20784":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20784","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20784","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"featured","slug":"featured","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"featured Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20061,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/featured"},"mindshift_1040":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_1040","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"1040","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"full-image","slug":"full-image","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"full-image Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1045,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/full-image"},"mindshift_21116":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21116","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21116","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"phone addiction","slug":"phone-addiction","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"phone addiction Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20388,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/phone-addiction"},"mindshift_1013":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_1013","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"1013","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"history","slug":"history","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"history Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1018,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/history"},"mindshift_21067":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21067","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21067","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"media literacy","slug":"media-literacy","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"media literacy Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20339,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/media-literacy"},"mindshift_20615":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20615","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20615","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"social studies","slug":"social-studies","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"social studies Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19892,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/social-studies"},"mindshift_20984":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20984","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20984","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"agency","slug":"agency","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"agency Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20256,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/agency"},"mindshift_563":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_563","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"563","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"homework","slug":"homework","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"homework Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":566,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/homework"},"mindshift_20870":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20870","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20870","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"overparenting","slug":"overparenting","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"overparenting Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20148,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/overparenting"},"mindshift_990":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_990","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"990","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"sleep and learning","slug":"sleep-and-learning","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"sleep and learning Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":995,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/sleep-and-learning"},"mindshift_21160":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_21160","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"21160","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"health information","slug":"health-information","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"health information Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":20432,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/health-information"},"mindshift_1022":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_1022","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"1022","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"science standards","slug":"science-standards","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"science standards Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1027,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/science-standards"},"mindshift_20525":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20525","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20525","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Common Sense Media","slug":"common-sense-media","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Common Sense Media Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19802,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/common-sense-media"},"mindshift_1019":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_1019","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"1019","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"Teachers' Guide to Using Videos","slug":"teachers-guide-to-using-videos","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"Teachers' Guide to Using Videos Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1024,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/teachers-guide-to-using-videos"},"mindshift_20571":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_20571","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"20571","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"video","slug":"video-2","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"video Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":19848,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/video-2"},"mindshift_225":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_225","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"225","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"online predators","slug":"online-predators","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"online predators Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":225,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/online-predators"},"mindshift_1038":{"type":"terms","id":"mindshift_1038","meta":{"index":"terms_1591234321","site":"mindshift","id":"1038","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"name":"teens","slug":"teens","taxonomy":"tag","description":null,"featImg":null,"headData":{"title":"teens Archives | KQED Mindshift","description":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogDescription":null,"ogImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"twDescription":null,"twImgId":null},"ttid":1043,"isLoading":false,"link":"/mindshift/tag/teens"}},"userAgentReducer":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isBot":true},"userPermissionsReducer":{"wpLoggedIn":false},"localStorageReducer":{},"browserHistoryReducer":[],"eventsReducer":{},"fssReducer":{},"tvDailyScheduleReducer":{},"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer":{},"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer":{},"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer":{},"userAccountReducer":{"routeTo":"","showDeleteConfirmModal":false,"user":{"userId":"","isFound":false,"firstName":"","lastName":"","phoneNumber":"","email":"","articles":[]}},"youthMediaReducer":{},"checkPleaseReducer":{"filterData":{},"restaurantData":[]},"reframeReducer":{"attendee":null},"location":{"pathname":"/mindshift/tag/digital-citizenship","previousPathname":"/"}}