California Would Become First State to Outlaw Caste Discrimination Under New Bill
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Aisha Wahab (D-Hayward), the first Muslim and Afghan American elected to the state Legislature, introduced the bill Wednesday. It adds caste — a division of people related to birth or descent — as a protected category in the state's anti-discrimination laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those at the lowest stratum of the caste system, known as Dalits, have been increasingly calling for such legislation, saying they have faced this kind of discrimination in the United States. But such policies remain divisive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Aisha Wahab, state Senator, (D-Hayward)\"]'People came to this country so they can be free and can pursue their American dream without any disruption to their lives.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wahab said caste discrimination is \"a social justice and civil rights issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People came to this country so they can be free and can pursue their American dream without any disruption to their lives,\" Wahab said, adding that she heard about this form of discrimination growing up in Fremont and living in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some groups such as the Hindu American Foundation and the Coalition of Hindus of North America oppose such policies. They argue these measures will hurt a community that already faces hate and discrimination, and will specifically target Hindus and Indian Americans who are commonly associated with the caste system. The legislation is being backed by other groups such as Hindus for Human Rights.[aside label='More on Civil Rights' tag= 'civil-rights']A United Nations report in 2016 said at least 250 million people worldwide still face caste discrimination in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Pacific regions, as well as in various diaspora communities. Caste systems are found among Buddhists, Christians, Hindus, Jains, Muslims and Sikhs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wahab said she is \"deeply sensitive to how minority religions and groups are depicted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Caste goes beyond religion and nationality,\" she said. \"This legislation primarily protects millions who live in silence and have never had such protection because there is little understanding of this issue. This bill is about protecting people who are vulnerable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Seattle became the first U.S. city and the first jurisdiction outside South Asia to add caste to its anti-discrimination laws. Several colleges and universities also have enacted similar policies barring caste discrimination on campuses, including UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2020 survey of Indian Americans by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace found caste discrimination was reported by 5% of survey respondents. While 53% of foreign-born Hindu Indian Americans said they affiliate with a caste group, only 34% of U.S.-born Hindu Indian Americans said they do the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a 2016 Equality Labs survey of 1,500 South Asians in the U.S. showed that 67% of Dalits who responded reported being treated unfairly because of their caste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \"has been ground zero for the caste equity movement,\" said Thenmozhi Soundararajan, founder and executive director of Equality Labs, a Dalit advocacy group based in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This legislation is about clarifying existing protections and making them explicit,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a 2021 report by the Silicon Valley Institute for Regional Studies, Asians, including South Asians, hold 37.8% of technical roles and 25.3% of leadership roles at Silicon Valley's largest tech companies.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\" Tanuja Gupta, former senior manager at Google\"]'People are afraid to speak up when they are discriminated against because they are afraid to rock the boat and they fear they may lose their job or employment visa.'[/pullquote]In 2020, California regulators sued Cisco Systems, saying a Dalit Indian engineer faced caste discrimination at the company's Silicon Valley headquarters. In another case, Tanuja Gupta quit her senior manager job at Google News last year after blowback over inviting Soundararajan to speak to employees during April, which is Dalit History Month. The talk was canceled and Gupta accused her former employer of retaliation, which Google has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gupta said she is backing the bill because those facing caste discrimination have no protection or legal recourse right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the form of accountability we need,\" she said. \"People are afraid to speak up when they are discriminated against because they are afraid to rock the boat and they fear they may lose their job or employment visa. It's a hard cycle to break and you can only do it when someone is willing to risk everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caste is \"not a religious issue, but a civil rights issue,\" said Gupta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shakeel Syed, executive director of South Asian Network in Artesia, in Los Angeles County, said he sees caste discrimination among workers and has helped in cases where caste played a role in wage theft and housing discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When hard-working people are not respected or valued simply because of their caste, that is just blatantly wrong,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California would become the first state in the nation to outlaw caste-based bias — a safeguard that people of South Asian descent say is necessary to protect them from discrimination — under a bill introduced by state Sen. Aisha Wahab.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1679592690,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":850},"headData":{"title":"California Would Become First State to Outlaw Caste Discrimination Under New Bill | KQED","description":"California would become the first state in the nation to outlaw caste-based bias — a safeguard that people of South Asian descent say is necessary to protect them from discrimination — under a bill introduced by state Sen. 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Aisha Wahab (D-Hayward), the first Muslim and Afghan American elected to the state Legislature, introduced the bill Wednesday. It adds caste — a division of people related to birth or descent — as a protected category in the state's anti-discrimination laws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those at the lowest stratum of the caste system, known as Dalits, have been increasingly calling for such legislation, saying they have faced this kind of discrimination in the United States. But such policies remain divisive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'People came to this country so they can be free and can pursue their American dream without any disruption to their lives.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Aisha Wahab, state Senator, (D-Hayward)","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wahab said caste discrimination is \"a social justice and civil rights issue.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People came to this country so they can be free and can pursue their American dream without any disruption to their lives,\" Wahab said, adding that she heard about this form of discrimination growing up in Fremont and living in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some groups such as the Hindu American Foundation and the Coalition of Hindus of North America oppose such policies. They argue these measures will hurt a community that already faces hate and discrimination, and will specifically target Hindus and Indian Americans who are commonly associated with the caste system. The legislation is being backed by other groups such as Hindus for Human Rights.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on Civil Rights ","tag":"civil-rights"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A United Nations report in 2016 said at least 250 million people worldwide still face caste discrimination in Asia, Africa, the Middle East and Pacific regions, as well as in various diaspora communities. Caste systems are found among Buddhists, Christians, Hindus, Jains, Muslims and Sikhs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wahab said she is \"deeply sensitive to how minority religions and groups are depicted.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Caste goes beyond religion and nationality,\" she said. \"This legislation primarily protects millions who live in silence and have never had such protection because there is little understanding of this issue. This bill is about protecting people who are vulnerable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In February, Seattle became the first U.S. city and the first jurisdiction outside South Asia to add caste to its anti-discrimination laws. Several colleges and universities also have enacted similar policies barring caste discrimination on campuses, including UC Davis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A 2020 survey of Indian Americans by the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace found caste discrimination was reported by 5% of survey respondents. While 53% of foreign-born Hindu Indian Americans said they affiliate with a caste group, only 34% of U.S.-born Hindu Indian Americans said they do the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, a 2016 Equality Labs survey of 1,500 South Asians in the U.S. showed that 67% of Dalits who responded reported being treated unfairly because of their caste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California \"has been ground zero for the caste equity movement,\" said Thenmozhi Soundararajan, founder and executive director of Equality Labs, a Dalit advocacy group based in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This legislation is about clarifying existing protections and making them explicit,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to a 2021 report by the Silicon Valley Institute for Regional Studies, Asians, including South Asians, hold 37.8% of technical roles and 25.3% of leadership roles at Silicon Valley's largest tech companies.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'People are afraid to speak up when they are discriminated against because they are afraid to rock the boat and they fear they may lose their job or employment visa.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":" Tanuja Gupta, former senior manager at Google","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In 2020, California regulators sued Cisco Systems, saying a Dalit Indian engineer faced caste discrimination at the company's Silicon Valley headquarters. In another case, Tanuja Gupta quit her senior manager job at Google News last year after blowback over inviting Soundararajan to speak to employees during April, which is Dalit History Month. The talk was canceled and Gupta accused her former employer of retaliation, which Google has denied.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gupta said she is backing the bill because those facing caste discrimination have no protection or legal recourse right now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is the form of accountability we need,\" she said. \"People are afraid to speak up when they are discriminated against because they are afraid to rock the boat and they fear they may lose their job or employment visa. It's a hard cycle to break and you can only do it when someone is willing to risk everything.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Caste is \"not a religious issue, but a civil rights issue,\" said Gupta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shakeel Syed, executive director of South Asian Network in Artesia, in Los Angeles County, said he sees caste discrimination among workers and has helped in cases where caste played a role in wage theft and housing discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When hard-working people are not respected or valued simply because of their caste, that is just blatantly wrong,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11944460/california-would-become-first-state-to-outlaw-caste-discrimination-under-new-bill","authors":["byline_news_11944460"],"categories":["news_31795","news_6188","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_18538","news_4750","news_16988"],"featImg":"news_11944459","label":"news"},"news_11920323":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11920323","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11920323","score":null,"sort":[1658534639000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"do-the-work-with-w-kamau-bell-and-kate-schatz","title":"\"DO THE WORK!\" with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz","publishDate":1658534639,"format":"video","headTitle":"KQED Newsroom | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":7052,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cb>Doing the Work with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’ve talked about racism again and again, particularly during the past few years. And yet, how many of us deeply understand both the root causes of racism and the reasons systemic racism persists today? And how many of us know what to do to change the power dynamics built into the fabric of our country and create more equitable systems and relationships? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Well, the co-authors of the new book “DO THE WORK! An Antiracist Activity Book” have some suggestions in their irreverent and thought-provoking book, which includes hands-on activities like the “Check Your Privilege” checklist and a Nina Simone coloring page.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-author \u003c/span>\u003cb>Kate Schatz\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is the New York Times-bestselling author of the “Rad Women” book series, who describes herself as an educator, public speaker and left-handed vegetarian Bay Area-born-and-bred queer feminist activist mama. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-author \u003c/span>\u003cb>W. Kamau Bell\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> also hails from the Bay Area, and is a comedian, political commentator and TV host, whose CNN series United Shades of America just launched its seventh season. He’s also the director of the Showtime docuseries “We Need To Talk About Cosby.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Presidio Tunnel Tops Park\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How do you create a new park in an already densely populated city? How about on top of the cars! Well, San Francisco has a new feather in its cap: 14 acres of national park created on top of the roofs of tunnels where traffic passes through on its way to the Golden Gate Bridge — that’s this week’s look at Something Beautiful.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1658534639,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":288},"headData":{"title":"\"DO THE WORK!\" with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz | KQED","description":"Doing the Work with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz We’ve talked about racism again and again, particularly during the past few years. And yet, how many of us deeply understand both the root causes of racism and the reasons systemic racism persists today? And how many of us know what to do to change","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"\"DO THE WORK!\" with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz","datePublished":"2022-07-23T00:03:59.000Z","dateModified":"2022-07-23T00:03:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11920323 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11920323","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/07/22/do-the-work-with-w-kamau-bell-and-kate-schatz/","disqusTitle":"\"DO THE WORK!\" with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz","videoEmbed":"https://youtu.be/rTruyArrwWY","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11920323/do-the-work-with-w-kamau-bell-and-kate-schatz","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Doing the Work with W. Kamau Bell and Kate Schatz\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">We’ve talked about racism again and again, particularly during the past few years. And yet, how many of us deeply understand both the root causes of racism and the reasons systemic racism persists today? And how many of us know what to do to change the power dynamics built into the fabric of our country and create more equitable systems and relationships? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Well, the co-authors of the new book “DO THE WORK! An Antiracist Activity Book” have some suggestions in their irreverent and thought-provoking book, which includes hands-on activities like the “Check Your Privilege” checklist and a Nina Simone coloring page.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-author \u003c/span>\u003cb>Kate Schatz\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is the New York Times-bestselling author of the “Rad Women” book series, who describes herself as an educator, public speaker and left-handed vegetarian Bay Area-born-and-bred queer feminist activist mama. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Co-author \u003c/span>\u003cb>W. Kamau Bell\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> also hails from the Bay Area, and is a comedian, political commentator and TV host, whose CNN series United Shades of America just launched its seventh season. He’s also the director of the Showtime docuseries “We Need To Talk About Cosby.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Something Beautiful: Presidio Tunnel Tops Park\u003cbr>\n\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">How do you create a new park in an already densely populated city? How about on top of the cars! Well, San Francisco has a new feather in its cap: 14 acres of national park created on top of the roofs of tunnels where traffic passes through on its way to the Golden Gate Bridge — that’s this week’s look at Something Beautiful.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11920323/do-the-work-with-w-kamau-bell-and-kate-schatz","authors":["236"],"programs":["news_7052"],"categories":["news_223","news_18540","news_28250"],"tags":["news_31365","news_20013","news_31363","news_31364","news_2715","news_5663","news_31366","news_16988","news_17613"],"featImg":"news_11920324","label":"news_7052"},"news_11915718":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11915718","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11915718","score":null,"sort":[1654116199000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"reparations-for-black-californians-could-include-tuition-and-housing-grants-task-force-says","title":"Reparations for Black Californians Could Include Tuition and Housing Grants, Task Force Says","publishDate":1654116199,"format":"standard","headTitle":"CALmatters | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":18481,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California’s Reparations Task Force on Wednesday released its first of two reports detailing the state’s history of slavery and racism, while also recommending how lawmakers might begin a process of redress for Black Californians by offering subsidies like housing grants, free tuition and minimum-wage increases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 500-page study describes decades of state and federal government actions that harmed Black Americans — from slavery to more recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840548/the-racist-history-of-single-family-home-zoning\">redlining\u003c/a>, mass incarceration, police actions and the widening wealth gap between Black people and white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a Minneapolis police officer killed George Floyd two years ago, sparking nationwide protests, Gov. Gavin Newsom in 2020 signed legislation \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-reparations\">establishing the task force\u003c/a> to study and develop a plan for reparations in the state. The law gave “special consideration” to Black residents in the state who are the direct descendants of enslaved people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force report proposes dozens of recommendations, including that the Legislature “implement a comprehensive reparations scheme.” The final details — including the exact monetary amount of compensation and the number of Black Californians eligible — will be in a second report due to the Legislature by July 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force recommends establishing 10 new state government offices to oversee administration of reparations, including an Office of African American/Freedmen Affairs to help people file claims for compensation and an Office of Freedmen Genealogy to help people prove their eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-from-slavery-to-the-kkk\">From slavery to the KKK\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how many people would qualify for reparations. The task force estimates that, despite California’s antislavery constitution, about 1,500 enslaved Black people were living in the state in 1852.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After slavery was formally abolished in the United States, California became a breeding ground for the Ku Klux Klan. The report details how in the 1920s the KKK hosted more events in California than it did in Louisiana or Mississippi. In Los Angeles, the police department teemed with KKK members. In Kern County, klansmen routinely beat and kidnapped Black and Latino residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Reparations in California\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also references numerous instances of segregation and restrictive housing covenants across the state. And it describes the wholesale destruction of several Black neighborhoods and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1950s, for instance, San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825401/how-urban-renewal-decimated-the-fillmore-district-and-took-jazz-with-it\">razed the Fillmore\u003c/a>, a Black business district, destroying 883 businesses and displacing about 20,000 people from nearly 5,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force proposes that people who lost homes to government seizures, urban renewal projects, freeway construction or racist attacks be eligible for housing grants and zero-interest loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its recommendations aim to not only address specific instances of violence or prior harm, but also to support future generations of Black Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed Office of Freedmen Education and Social Services would offer free tuition to Black students in private K-12 education and those pursuing higher education in the state. It would also ensure that school curricula reflect a more “expansive discussion of the experiences of Black Americans in a way that is accurate and honest,” the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force also proposes raising the minimum wage, requiring health benefits and paid time off, and other workplace protections for workers in agriculture, hospitality, food and domestic industries where there are large numbers of Black workers but fewer worker protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black Californians seeking reparations would be able to file a claim through the Reparations Tribunal/Redress Administration, which would accept or deny requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-national-example\">A national example\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Without a remedy specifically targeted to heal the injuries that colonial and American governments have inflicted on 16 generations of Black Americans and dismantle the foundations of these systems,” the report reads, “the ‘badges and incidents of slavery’ will continue to harm Black Americans in almost all aspects of American life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kamilah Moore, chair of the task force, said the report is the first government publication providing remedies to institutional racism against Black people since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821827/opportunity-lost-the-radical-1968-report-on-white-racism-the-government-chose-to-ignore\">1968 Kerner Commission\u003c/a>, a federal study commissioned by President Lyndon Johnson in the wake of a string of racial uprisings that erupted in cities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This report is extremely timely and urgent. I hope that people use this not only as an educational tool, but as an organizing tool,” Moore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not only useful for people living in California, but for community members, constituents and organizers throughout the United States … to champion the causes of the African American community wherever they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, the task force voted \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11909471/unpacking-reparations-eligibility-in-california\">to limit reparations eligibility\u003c/a> to African Americans who are either direct descendants of enslaved people, or descendants of freed Black people living in the U.S. before the end of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force is the only statewide initiative examining reparations. Cities such as Asheville, North Carolina, and Evanston, Illinois, have initiated reparations proposals at the local level, but at the federal level, a bill that would commission a study on reparations — HR 40 — \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2022/05/05/reparations-slavery-biden-order-coalition/\">remains stalled\u003c/a> in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, partner organizations such as the California Black Power Network and the Black Equity Collective will host public listening sessions throughout the state about the report findings. The task force will reconvene its hearings in Los Angeles in September.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"California's first-in-the-nation task force to identify reparations said business loans, housing grants, tuition, and wage and job protections could provide redress for African Americans.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1654132289,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":917},"headData":{"title":"Reparations for Black Californians Could Include Tuition and Housing Grants, Task Force Says | KQED","description":"California's first-in-the-nation task force to identify reparations said business loans, housing grants, tuition, and wage and job protections could provide redress for African Americans.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Reparations for Black Californians Could Include Tuition and Housing Grants, Task Force Says","datePublished":"2022-06-01T20:43:19.000Z","dateModified":"2022-06-02T01:11:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11915718 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11915718","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/06/01/reparations-for-black-californians-could-include-tuition-and-housing-grants-task-force-says/","disqusTitle":"Reparations for Black Californians Could Include Tuition and Housing Grants, Task Force Says","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/author/lil-kalish/\">Lil Kalish\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11915718/reparations-for-black-californians-could-include-tuition-and-housing-grants-task-force-says","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s Reparations Task Force on Wednesday released its first of two reports detailing the state’s history of slavery and racism, while also recommending how lawmakers might begin a process of redress for Black Californians by offering subsidies like housing grants, free tuition and minimum-wage increases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 500-page study describes decades of state and federal government actions that harmed Black Americans — from slavery to more recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11840548/the-racist-history-of-single-family-home-zoning\">redlining\u003c/a>, mass incarceration, police actions and the widening wealth gap between Black people and white people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a Minneapolis police officer killed George Floyd two years ago, sparking nationwide protests, Gov. Gavin Newsom in 2020 signed legislation \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-reparations\">establishing the task force\u003c/a> to study and develop a plan for reparations in the state. The law gave “special consideration” to Black residents in the state who are the direct descendants of enslaved people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force report proposes dozens of recommendations, including that the Legislature “implement a comprehensive reparations scheme.” The final details — including the exact monetary amount of compensation and the number of Black Californians eligible — will be in a second report due to the Legislature by July 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force recommends establishing 10 new state government offices to oversee administration of reparations, including an Office of African American/Freedmen Affairs to help people file claims for compensation and an Office of Freedmen Genealogy to help people prove their eligibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-from-slavery-to-the-kkk\">From slavery to the KKK\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s unclear how many people would qualify for reparations. The task force estimates that, despite California’s antislavery constitution, about 1,500 enslaved Black people were living in the state in 1852.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After slavery was formally abolished in the United States, California became a breeding ground for the Ku Klux Klan. The report details how in the 1920s the KKK hosted more events in California than it did in Louisiana or Mississippi. In Los Angeles, the police department teemed with KKK members. In Kern County, klansmen routinely beat and kidnapped Black and Latino residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Reparations in California ","link1":"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report also references numerous instances of segregation and restrictive housing covenants across the state. And it describes the wholesale destruction of several Black neighborhoods and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1950s, for instance, San Francisco \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825401/how-urban-renewal-decimated-the-fillmore-district-and-took-jazz-with-it\">razed the Fillmore\u003c/a>, a Black business district, destroying 883 businesses and displacing about 20,000 people from nearly 5,000 homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force proposes that people who lost homes to government seizures, urban renewal projects, freeway construction or racist attacks be eligible for housing grants and zero-interest loans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its recommendations aim to not only address specific instances of violence or prior harm, but also to support future generations of Black Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed Office of Freedmen Education and Social Services would offer free tuition to Black students in private K-12 education and those pursuing higher education in the state. It would also ensure that school curricula reflect a more “expansive discussion of the experiences of Black Americans in a way that is accurate and honest,” the report states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force also proposes raising the minimum wage, requiring health benefits and paid time off, and other workplace protections for workers in agriculture, hospitality, food and domestic industries where there are large numbers of Black workers but fewer worker protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black Californians seeking reparations would be able to file a claim through the Reparations Tribunal/Redress Administration, which would accept or deny requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"h-a-national-example\">A national example\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>“Without a remedy specifically targeted to heal the injuries that colonial and American governments have inflicted on 16 generations of Black Americans and dismantle the foundations of these systems,” the report reads, “the ‘badges and incidents of slavery’ will continue to harm Black Americans in almost all aspects of American life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kamilah Moore, chair of the task force, said the report is the first government publication providing remedies to institutional racism against Black people since the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821827/opportunity-lost-the-radical-1968-report-on-white-racism-the-government-chose-to-ignore\">1968 Kerner Commission\u003c/a>, a federal study commissioned by President Lyndon Johnson in the wake of a string of racial uprisings that erupted in cities across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This report is extremely timely and urgent. I hope that people use this not only as an educational tool, but as an organizing tool,” Moore said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is not only useful for people living in California, but for community members, constituents and organizers throughout the United States … to champion the causes of the African American community wherever they are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In March, the task force voted \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11909471/unpacking-reparations-eligibility-in-california\">to limit reparations eligibility\u003c/a> to African Americans who are either direct descendants of enslaved people, or descendants of freed Black people living in the U.S. before the end of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force is the only statewide initiative examining reparations. Cities such as Asheville, North Carolina, and Evanston, Illinois, have initiated reparations proposals at the local level, but at the federal level, a bill that would commission a study on reparations — HR 40 — \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/history/2022/05/05/reparations-slavery-biden-order-coalition/\">remains stalled\u003c/a> in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, partner organizations such as the California Black Power Network and the Black Equity Collective will host public listening sessions throughout the state about the report findings. The task force will reconvene its hearings in Los Angeles in September.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11915718/reparations-for-black-californians-could-include-tuition-and-housing-grants-task-force-says","authors":["byline_news_11915718"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_30656","news_30345","news_30343","news_16988"],"affiliates":["news_18481"],"featImg":"news_11915724","label":"news_18481"},"news_11910733":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11910733","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11910733","score":null,"sort":[1649862005000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"i-aint-leaving-without-my-40-acres-how-musicians-have-called-for-reparations","title":"'I Ain't Leaving Without My 40 Acres': How Musicians Have Called for Reparations","publishDate":1649862005,"format":"audio","headTitle":"‘I Ain’t Leaving Without My 40 Acres’: How Musicians Have Called for Reparations | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>As California’s Reparations Task Force — the first statewide body created to study the harmful and residual effects of slavery in the United States — moves toward creating legislation around reparations, musicians in the Bay Area like Kev Choice, as well as many others across the country, are using their art to make the case for compensating descendants of enslaved people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://kevchoice.wordpress.com/about/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Choice\u003c/a> says the topic of reparations has been on his mind for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kev Choice, Bay Area musician\"]‘We need to use our music to help amplify the voices of the people who have been fighting for this for a long time — the legislators, the community activists.’[/pullquote]But it’s only been in recent years that the Oakland-based hip-hop and jazz artist has used the word explicitly in his music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyGsNUMsfwU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rebel\u003c/a>,” a song that heavily references Public Enemy, the rap group that shined a spotlight on the exploitation of Black recording artists and called for reparations on the 1990 album “\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear_of_a_Black_Planet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fear of a Black Planet\u003c/a>,” Choice raps: “I’m thinking ’bout solutions, reparations, housing and education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyGsNUMsfwU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, the song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ug4tefu-SCg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No Worries\u003c/a>” contains an urgent demand for payment: “When the government write them checks/Add reparations while the ink wet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The conversations that have been happening nationwide politically have sparked me to include that word specifically,” Choice, who wrote both of the above songs in 2020, told KQED. “I’m saying, ‘OK, maybe this is a possibility. So let me speak it into existence.’ The more we speak things into existence, the more possibility they are going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ug4tefu-SCg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The call for reparations is nothing new in popular music, particularly in hip-hop, a genre that has been documenting inequities since its birth almost a half century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Reparations in California\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png\"]“We need to use our music to help amplify the voices of the people who have been fighting for this for a long time — the legislators, the community activists,” said Choice. “How can I use my music to support those who are on the front lines of this battle?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hip-hop leads the charge\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrFOb_f7ubw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">By the Time I Get to Arizona\u003c/a>,” Public Enemy’s 1991 protest anthem against the Arizona governor’s decision to cancel Martin Luther King Jr. Day, the song reaches its climax when rapper Chuck D demands reparations: “A piece of the pick, we picked a piece of the land that we’re deserving now/Reparation, a piece of the nation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrFOb_f7ubw\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://afamstudies.yale.edu/people/daphne-brooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Daphne A. Brooks\u003c/a>, a Yale University professor who was raised in the Bay Area, described hip-hop as a “deeply fruitful and prolific space” to present the case for reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hip-hop is fluid enough to be able to capture the immediacy and the intimacies of our everyday lives and, in particular, Black working-class people’s everyday lives,” said Brooks, a professor of music, African American studies, American studies and women’s, gender and sexuality studies. “And because of that, it’s a useful scaffold to critique the ways in which we think about race and sociopolitical structures of power, and how Black people operate within and against those sociopolitical structures of power.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDMtaIcrfQ0\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all hip-hop tracks focused on demanding reparations use that actual word. Songs like Saul Williams’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDMtaIcrfQ0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">List of Demands\u003c/a>,” released in 2004, are as explicit in their call for the U.S. government to pay Black people damages as any of the more than 950 songs that show up when you type “reparations” into the search box on lyrics websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuAWTZ5jPxY\">You Owe Me\u003c/a>,” a 1999 single exploring the power dynamics of sex through images of slavey and money, Nas raps, “Yeah, owe me back like you owe your tax/Owe me back like 40 acres to Blacks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuAWTZ5jPxY\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reference to “40 acres” is shorthand for \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Field_Orders_No._15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Special Field Order 15\u003c/a>, the military order issued in 1865 by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman, which arranged for 400,000 acres of property confiscated from Confederate landowners to be redistributed to emancipated Black families in 40-acre plots. President Andrew Johnson, an enslaver, quickly overturned the order after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln by a Confederate sympathizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept of 40 acres — or 40 acres and a mule — has become a particularly powerful way of talking about reparations — not just in songs, but also in American pop culture. It’s the name of filmmaker Spike Lee’s \u003ca href=\"https://40acres.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">production company\u003c/a>. Choice said the slogan was written across many T-shirts and sweatshirts when he was growing up in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLmj4_ZciYU\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11909471,news_11906054,news_11818409\" label=\"Related Posts\"]Many songs about reparations have been fueled by America’s broken promise, from Oscar Brown Jr.’s 1965 proto-rap spoken-word track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLmj4_ZciYU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Forty Acres and a Mule\u003c/a>” to, a little over half a century later, T.I.’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UylWdBjvzHI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">40 Acres\u003c/a>,” released in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Forty acres and a Mueller/I spent my reparations on the jeweler,” the song’s chorus begins before ending with, “40 acres and a mule, 40 acres and a mule/These n— actin’ f—’ fools, for 40 acres and a mule.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artists working in other musical genres also have contributed to the reparations repertoire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UylWdBjvzHI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Released two years ago on June 19 to celebrate Juneteenth — now a federal holiday commemorating the emancipation of enslaved people — Beyoncé’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJT1m1ele00\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Parade\u003c/a>” named Black activists and her mother before calling for reparations: “Curtis Mayfield on the speaker/Lil’ Malcolm, Martin, mixed with momma Tina/Need another march, lemme call Tamika/Need peace and reparation for my people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJT1m1ele00\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reggae artist Damian Marley’s pungent 2001 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqXumJdfI8I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Educated Fools\u003c/a>” demands that colonial forces stand trial for the evils committed “until dem send di reparation dollars/Warning to all di political scholars/Political thieves and political liars.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqXumJdfI8I\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBG3Uc_D5ac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Time for Reparations\u003c/a>,” released in 2021 by the Grammy Award-winning R&B-and-soul ensemble Sounds of Blackness, has a hypnotic chorus with one of the most insistent messages of any song on the topic released in recent years: “Time for reparations/Right now time for reparations,” the group repeats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBG3Uc_D5ac\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While hip-hop may be the most prominent musical genre in this country today, Choice said it’s important for the call for reparations to be heard across other genres to ensure as broad an audience hears it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m able to get into these spaces where I’m bringing with me the values, the energy, the mindset, the issues of my community,” said Choice, who has collaborated with the Oakland and San Francisco symphonies, as well as the SFJAZZ Center, among other local institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How explicit calls for reparations emerged\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s currently little scholarship on the specific topic of reparations in music. Academics interviewed for this story said they think of it as a strand within the larger field of Black music studies. A line from the hip-hop tracks of today that explicitly reference reparations can be traced to older songs that speak to the deep-rooted wrongs committed against Black people in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ25-U3jNWM\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Songs from the civil rights era like Nina Simone’s 1964 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ25-U3jNWM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mississippi Goddam\u003c/a>” and 19th-century spirituals, such as the anonymously published “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfbpsmbxE2c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No More Auction Block for Me\u003c/a>,” protest racial inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘No More Auction Block’ seems, to me, very much in line with this broader genealogy of popular representations of bondage,” said \u003ca href=\"https://english.columbia.edu/content/shana-l-redmond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shana Redmond\u003c/a>, a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University, who has written extensively about music. “Because the song really is about the sale of people and entire futures, and this is why we’re owed a debt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfbpsmbxE2c\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area musician \u003ca href=\"https://www.samorapinderhughes.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Samora Pinderhughes\u003c/a>, who’s currently working on a doctorate in music at Harvard University, makes a similar case for placing tracks like Curtis Mayfield’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1xmXOP3lhM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">If There’s a Hell Below, We’re All Gonna Go\u003c/a>” and Tupac Shakur’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XW--IGAfeas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Keep Ya Head Up\u003c/a>” in the tradition of reparations songs. He also includes many of the tracks on his own recently released album, “\u003ca href=\"https://samorapinderhughes.bandcamp.com/campaign/grief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grief\u003c/a>,” because the songs present a clear case for why Black Americans need reparations in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they point back to these systemic issues that would be at the heart of what a real reparations conversation would look and sound and actually be like to me,” Pinderhughes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s challenging to pinpoint when artists began to call out the need for reparations explicitly. The earliest songs KQED found date back to Gil Scott-Heron’s 1970 track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVoDV3icbgc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Who’ll Pay Reparations on My Soul\u003c/a>,” which asks how the cost of racism in America can be accounted for. A request for historical sources from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/rr/perform/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Library of Congress’s Music Division\u003c/a> was still pending at the time of publishing of this article.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVoDV3icbgc\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The turning point was Gil Scott-Heron putting the word ‘reparations’ front and center,” Redmond, of Columbia, said. “The kinds of access points and community investments that he’s speaking to in that piece were already in circulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles-based composer, producer and vintage vinyl buff \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Younge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adrian Younge\u003c/a> said the lack of songs explicitly referencing the concept of reparations before the 1960s can be explained by the fact that Black Americans in previous generations were fighting for other things, like the right to live in certain neighborhoods, attend certain schools and eat at certain restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were other forms of injustice that seemed a lot more immediate and within reach than reparations,” Younge said. “I mean, how are you going to ask for reparations when you can’t even drink out of the same water fountain? It’s baby steps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Accordingly, the first great wave of songs explicitly addressing reparations came during the 1990s and 2000s by artists like Shakur, Wu-Tang Clan, Public Enemy, Kanye West and Lil Wayne. Many of these tracks highlighted the problems underpinning the need for reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lS6OB2W1oRI\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Help me raise my Black nation, reparations are due/It’s true, caught up in this world I took advantage of you,” Shakur raps, from the perspective of a Black man in jail writing a love letter to a Black woman, in the 1996 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lS6OB2W1oRI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">White Man’z World\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these artists who came of age as Gen Xers recognized that the next battlefront was being able to reckon with the afterlives of slavery — the ongoing catastrophe of Black subjugated life not having fully repaired, let alone ultimately addressed, the fiscal and sociopolitical problems linked to slavery,” said Brooks, of Yale. “These artists were standing on the scaffolding of civil rights and Black Power struggles, creating a space in their music to talk about these material and existential problems affecting Black life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And reparations becomes just one of the ways to try and address that emergency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the time of the publication of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Case for Reparations\u003c/a>,” \u003ca href=\"https://ta-nehisicoates.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ta-Nehisi Coates\u003c/a>’s landmark 2014 essay in The Atlantic, songs about reparations blossomed anew, with artists like Nipsey Hussle, Jay-Z and others fueling the debate around the topic with their music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coates is part of a broader kind of collective movement thinking in a multifaceted way about all of the different terms of repair that Black folks deserve,” Brooks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the more recent songs, which gained an even greater urgency because of the Black Lives Matter movement, go beyond the question of why reparations should be paid to Black Americans to also address the how and the when.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXmfYM6dSFg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nipsey Hussle’s 2018 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXmfYM6dSFg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dedication\u003c/a>” makes it clear that time has run out on waiting:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>How long should I stay dedicated?\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>How long ’til opportunity meet preparation?\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>I need some real n— reparations\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Before I run up in your bank just for recreation\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 2013 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofIduVOyoDE\">40 Acres\u003c/a>,” Pusha T makes it clear he wants land:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>No change of heart, no change of mind\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>You can take what’s yours, but you gon’ leave what’s mine\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>I’d rather die, than go home\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>I’d rather die, than go home\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>And I ain’t leaving without my 40 acres.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofIduVOyoDE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “Rebel,” Choice says reparations should take the form of equity in housing, health care, education and other social structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it has to be more than just, ‘Here is a certain dollar amount,’” Choice told KQED. “Because it’s bigger than money. It’s the ability to live, sustain and uplift these communities that have been harmed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choice said he plans to write more songs about reparations, but he’s not the only Bay Area artist with this intention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11910752 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Black man with shoulder-length locks wearing a white undershirt and white pants hitched to below his knees, with tattoos on both arms, both hands, his back and the contours of his face, leans against one red sports car inside a garage, with his left leg (and a black-sneakered foot) propped on a second red sports car, whose door is open. He looks directly at the camera. Beyond the cars in the half-dark, shelves are visible, some empty and some holding what might be cleaning supplies or extra food supplies.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nef the Pharaoh \u003ccite>(Estefany Gonzalez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nef_the_Pharaoh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nef the Pharaoh\u003c/a> also expressed this desire. But even though the 27-year-old, Vallejo-based rapper is the creator of political songs like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohHtt0ue9ZA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Still I Rise\u003c/a>,” released in 2019, he said he’s been struggling to figure out how to make the subject of reparations resonate with his mostly teenage fan base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He almost created a reparations-themed project titled “Forty Acres and a Mule,” but changed his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like my listeners weren’t ready to pay attention to the topic,” he said. “And that was my fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nef said it’s on artists like himself to make their fans pay attention. “We’ve got to give way more people game,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to “40 Acres and a Playlist” on \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/5mG1JXeLPHQTazI9gmgCyi\">Spotify\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://music.apple.com/us/playlist/40-acres-and-a-playlist/pl.u-PDb44ZVTLEmpvME\">Apple Music\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed?uri=spotify%3Aplaylist%3A5mG1JXeLPHQTazI9gmgCyi\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"auto\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Corey Antonio Rose contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"As California's Reparations Task Force continues to push for reparations legislation, musicians in the Bay Area and across the country are using their art to further the cause.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1701976037,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":55,"wordCount":2584},"headData":{"title":"'I Ain't Leaving Without My 40 Acres': How Musicians Have Called for Reparations | KQED","description":"As California's Reparations Task Force continues to push for reparations legislation, musicians in the Bay Area and across the country are using their art to further the cause.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'I Ain't Leaving Without My 40 Acres': How Musicians Have Called for Reparations","datePublished":"2022-04-13T15:00:05.000Z","dateModified":"2023-12-07T19:07:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/87fa350f-4af3-4c98-bfcd-ae78003cfd2f/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11910733/i-aint-leaving-without-my-40-acres-how-musicians-have-called-for-reparations","audioDuration":430000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As California’s Reparations Task Force — the first statewide body created to study the harmful and residual effects of slavery in the United States — moves toward creating legislation around reparations, musicians in the Bay Area like Kev Choice, as well as many others across the country, are using their art to make the case for compensating descendants of enslaved people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://kevchoice.wordpress.com/about/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Choice\u003c/a> says the topic of reparations has been on his mind for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We need to use our music to help amplify the voices of the people who have been fighting for this for a long time — the legislators, the community activists.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Kev Choice, Bay Area musician","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But it’s only been in recent years that the Oakland-based hip-hop and jazz artist has used the word explicitly in his music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YyGsNUMsfwU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Rebel\u003c/a>,” a song that heavily references Public Enemy, the rap group that shined a spotlight on the exploitation of Black recording artists and called for reparations on the 1990 album “\u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fear_of_a_Black_Planet\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fear of a Black Planet\u003c/a>,” Choice raps: “I’m thinking ’bout solutions, reparations, housing and education.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/YyGsNUMsfwU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/YyGsNUMsfwU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Meanwhile, the song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ug4tefu-SCg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No Worries\u003c/a>” contains an urgent demand for payment: “When the government write them checks/Add reparations while the ink wet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The conversations that have been happening nationwide politically have sparked me to include that word specifically,” Choice, who wrote both of the above songs in 2020, told KQED. “I’m saying, ‘OK, maybe this is a possibility. So let me speak it into existence.’ The more we speak things into existence, the more possibility they are going to happen.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ug4tefu-SCg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ug4tefu-SCg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The call for reparations is nothing new in popular music, particularly in hip-hop, a genre that has been documenting inequities since its birth almost a half century ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Reparations in California ","link1":"https://www.kqed.org/reparations,Explore why California launched the first-in-the-nation task force to study reparations for Black people","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/02/RiCLandingPageGraphic-1020x574.png"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We need to use our music to help amplify the voices of the people who have been fighting for this for a long time — the legislators, the community activists,” said Choice. “How can I use my music to support those who are on the front lines of this battle?”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hip-hop leads the charge\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zrFOb_f7ubw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">By the Time I Get to Arizona\u003c/a>,” Public Enemy’s 1991 protest anthem against the Arizona governor’s decision to cancel Martin Luther King Jr. Day, the song reaches its climax when rapper Chuck D demands reparations: “A piece of the pick, we picked a piece of the land that we’re deserving now/Reparation, a piece of the nation.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zrFOb_f7ubw'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zrFOb_f7ubw'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://afamstudies.yale.edu/people/daphne-brooks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Daphne A. Brooks\u003c/a>, a Yale University professor who was raised in the Bay Area, described hip-hop as a “deeply fruitful and prolific space” to present the case for reparations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Hip-hop is fluid enough to be able to capture the immediacy and the intimacies of our everyday lives and, in particular, Black working-class people’s everyday lives,” said Brooks, a professor of music, African American studies, American studies and women’s, gender and sexuality studies. “And because of that, it’s a useful scaffold to critique the ways in which we think about race and sociopolitical structures of power, and how Black people operate within and against those sociopolitical structures of power.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/zDMtaIcrfQ0'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/zDMtaIcrfQ0'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Not all hip-hop tracks focused on demanding reparations use that actual word. Songs like Saul Williams’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zDMtaIcrfQ0\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">List of Demands\u003c/a>,” released in 2004, are as explicit in their call for the U.S. government to pay Black people damages as any of the more than 950 songs that show up when you type “reparations” into the search box on lyrics websites.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WuAWTZ5jPxY\">You Owe Me\u003c/a>,” a 1999 single exploring the power dynamics of sex through images of slavey and money, Nas raps, “Yeah, owe me back like you owe your tax/Owe me back like 40 acres to Blacks.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/WuAWTZ5jPxY'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/WuAWTZ5jPxY'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The reference to “40 acres” is shorthand for \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special_Field_Orders_No._15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Special Field Order 15\u003c/a>, the military order issued in 1865 by Union General William Tecumseh Sherman, which arranged for 400,000 acres of property confiscated from Confederate landowners to be redistributed to emancipated Black families in 40-acre plots. President Andrew Johnson, an enslaver, quickly overturned the order after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln by a Confederate sympathizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The concept of 40 acres — or 40 acres and a mule — has become a particularly powerful way of talking about reparations — not just in songs, but also in American pop culture. It’s the name of filmmaker Spike Lee’s \u003ca href=\"https://40acres.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">production company\u003c/a>. Choice said the slogan was written across many T-shirts and sweatshirts when he was growing up in Oakland.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/vLmj4_ZciYU'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/vLmj4_ZciYU'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11909471,news_11906054,news_11818409","label":"Related Posts "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many songs about reparations have been fueled by America’s broken promise, from Oscar Brown Jr.’s 1965 proto-rap spoken-word track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vLmj4_ZciYU\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Forty Acres and a Mule\u003c/a>” to, a little over half a century later, T.I.’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UylWdBjvzHI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">40 Acres\u003c/a>,” released in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Forty acres and a Mueller/I spent my reparations on the jeweler,” the song’s chorus begins before ending with, “40 acres and a mule, 40 acres and a mule/These n— actin’ f—’ fools, for 40 acres and a mule.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Artists working in other musical genres also have contributed to the reparations repertoire.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/UylWdBjvzHI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/UylWdBjvzHI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Released two years ago on June 19 to celebrate Juneteenth — now a federal holiday commemorating the emancipation of enslaved people — Beyoncé’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EJT1m1ele00\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Black Parade\u003c/a>” named Black activists and her mother before calling for reparations: “Curtis Mayfield on the speaker/Lil’ Malcolm, Martin, mixed with momma Tina/Need another march, lemme call Tamika/Need peace and reparation for my people.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/EJT1m1ele00'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/EJT1m1ele00'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Reggae artist Damian Marley’s pungent 2001 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PqXumJdfI8I\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Educated Fools\u003c/a>” demands that colonial forces stand trial for the evils committed “until dem send di reparation dollars/Warning to all di political scholars/Political thieves and political liars.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/PqXumJdfI8I'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/PqXumJdfI8I'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KBG3Uc_D5ac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Time for Reparations\u003c/a>,” released in 2021 by the Grammy Award-winning R&B-and-soul ensemble Sounds of Blackness, has a hypnotic chorus with one of the most insistent messages of any song on the topic released in recent years: “Time for reparations/Right now time for reparations,” the group repeats.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/KBG3Uc_D5ac'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/KBG3Uc_D5ac'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>While hip-hop may be the most prominent musical genre in this country today, Choice said it’s important for the call for reparations to be heard across other genres to ensure as broad an audience hears it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m able to get into these spaces where I’m bringing with me the values, the energy, the mindset, the issues of my community,” said Choice, who has collaborated with the Oakland and San Francisco symphonies, as well as the SFJAZZ Center, among other local institutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How explicit calls for reparations emerged\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>There’s currently little scholarship on the specific topic of reparations in music. Academics interviewed for this story said they think of it as a strand within the larger field of Black music studies. A line from the hip-hop tracks of today that explicitly reference reparations can be traced to older songs that speak to the deep-rooted wrongs committed against Black people in this country.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/LJ25-U3jNWM'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/LJ25-U3jNWM'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Songs from the civil rights era like Nina Simone’s 1964 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ25-U3jNWM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mississippi Goddam\u003c/a>” and 19th-century spirituals, such as the anonymously published “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SfbpsmbxE2c\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">No More Auction Block for Me\u003c/a>,” protest racial inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘No More Auction Block’ seems, to me, very much in line with this broader genealogy of popular representations of bondage,” said \u003ca href=\"https://english.columbia.edu/content/shana-l-redmond\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Shana Redmond\u003c/a>, a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University, who has written extensively about music. “Because the song really is about the sale of people and entire futures, and this is why we’re owed a debt.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/SfbpsmbxE2c'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/SfbpsmbxE2c'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Bay Area musician \u003ca href=\"https://www.samorapinderhughes.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Samora Pinderhughes\u003c/a>, who’s currently working on a doctorate in music at Harvard University, makes a similar case for placing tracks like Curtis Mayfield’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x1xmXOP3lhM\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">If There’s a Hell Below, We’re All Gonna Go\u003c/a>” and Tupac Shakur’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XW--IGAfeas\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Keep Ya Head Up\u003c/a>” in the tradition of reparations songs. He also includes many of the tracks on his own recently released album, “\u003ca href=\"https://samorapinderhughes.bandcamp.com/campaign/grief\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Grief\u003c/a>,” because the songs present a clear case for why Black Americans need reparations in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they point back to these systemic issues that would be at the heart of what a real reparations conversation would look and sound and actually be like to me,” Pinderhughes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s challenging to pinpoint when artists began to call out the need for reparations explicitly. The earliest songs KQED found date back to Gil Scott-Heron’s 1970 track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QVoDV3icbgc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Who’ll Pay Reparations on My Soul\u003c/a>,” which asks how the cost of racism in America can be accounted for. A request for historical sources from the \u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/rr/perform/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Library of Congress’s Music Division\u003c/a> was still pending at the time of publishing of this article.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/QVoDV3icbgc'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/QVoDV3icbgc'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“The turning point was Gil Scott-Heron putting the word ‘reparations’ front and center,” Redmond, of Columbia, said. “The kinds of access points and community investments that he’s speaking to in that piece were already in circulation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles-based composer, producer and vintage vinyl buff \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adrian_Younge\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Adrian Younge\u003c/a> said the lack of songs explicitly referencing the concept of reparations before the 1960s can be explained by the fact that Black Americans in previous generations were fighting for other things, like the right to live in certain neighborhoods, attend certain schools and eat at certain restaurants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were other forms of injustice that seemed a lot more immediate and within reach than reparations,” Younge said. “I mean, how are you going to ask for reparations when you can’t even drink out of the same water fountain? It’s baby steps.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Accordingly, the first great wave of songs explicitly addressing reparations came during the 1990s and 2000s by artists like Shakur, Wu-Tang Clan, Public Enemy, Kanye West and Lil Wayne. Many of these tracks highlighted the problems underpinning the need for reparations.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/lS6OB2W1oRI'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/lS6OB2W1oRI'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“Help me raise my Black nation, reparations are due/It’s true, caught up in this world I took advantage of you,” Shakur raps, from the perspective of a Black man in jail writing a love letter to a Black woman, in the 1996 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lS6OB2W1oRI\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">White Man’z World\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of these artists who came of age as Gen Xers recognized that the next battlefront was being able to reckon with the afterlives of slavery — the ongoing catastrophe of Black subjugated life not having fully repaired, let alone ultimately addressed, the fiscal and sociopolitical problems linked to slavery,” said Brooks, of Yale. “These artists were standing on the scaffolding of civil rights and Black Power struggles, creating a space in their music to talk about these material and existential problems affecting Black life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And reparations becomes just one of the ways to try and address that emergency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the time of the publication of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2014/06/the-case-for-reparations/361631/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The Case for Reparations\u003c/a>,” \u003ca href=\"https://ta-nehisicoates.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ta-Nehisi Coates\u003c/a>’s landmark 2014 essay in The Atlantic, songs about reparations blossomed anew, with artists like Nipsey Hussle, Jay-Z and others fueling the debate around the topic with their music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Coates is part of a broader kind of collective movement thinking in a multifaceted way about all of the different terms of repair that Black folks deserve,” Brooks said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of the more recent songs, which gained an even greater urgency because of the Black Lives Matter movement, go beyond the question of why reparations should be paid to Black Americans to also address the how and the when.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/RXmfYM6dSFg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/RXmfYM6dSFg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Nipsey Hussle’s 2018 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RXmfYM6dSFg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Dedication\u003c/a>” makes it clear that time has run out on waiting:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>How long should I stay dedicated?\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>How long ’til opportunity meet preparation?\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>I need some real n— reparations\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>Before I run up in your bank just for recreation\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his 2013 song “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ofIduVOyoDE\">40 Acres\u003c/a>,” Pusha T makes it clear he wants land:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>No change of heart, no change of mind\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>You can take what’s yours, but you gon’ leave what’s mine\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>I’d rather die, than go home\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>I’d rather die, than go home\u003c/em>\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>And I ain’t leaving without my 40 acres.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ofIduVOyoDE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ofIduVOyoDE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>In “Rebel,” Choice says reparations should take the form of equity in housing, health care, education and other social structures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it has to be more than just, ‘Here is a certain dollar amount,’” Choice told KQED. “Because it’s bigger than money. It’s the ability to live, sustain and uplift these communities that have been harmed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Choice said he plans to write more songs about reparations, but he’s not the only Bay Area artist with this intention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910752\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11910752 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A Black man with shoulder-length locks wearing a white undershirt and white pants hitched to below his knees, with tattoos on both arms, both hands, his back and the contours of his face, leans against one red sports car inside a garage, with his left leg (and a black-sneakered foot) propped on a second red sports car, whose door is open. He looks directly at the camera. Beyond the cars in the half-dark, shelves are visible, some empty and some holding what might be cleaning supplies or extra food supplies.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55175_MG_6703-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nef the Pharaoh \u003ccite>(Estefany Gonzalez)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In an interview with KQED, \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nef_the_Pharaoh\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nef the Pharaoh\u003c/a> also expressed this desire. But even though the 27-year-old, Vallejo-based rapper is the creator of political songs like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ohHtt0ue9ZA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Still I Rise\u003c/a>,” released in 2019, he said he’s been struggling to figure out how to make the subject of reparations resonate with his mostly teenage fan base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He almost created a reparations-themed project titled “Forty Acres and a Mule,” but changed his mind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt like my listeners weren’t ready to pay attention to the topic,” he said. “And that was my fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nef said it’s on artists like himself to make their fans pay attention. “We’ve got to give way more people game,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to “40 Acres and a Playlist” on \u003ca href=\"https://open.spotify.com/playlist/5mG1JXeLPHQTazI9gmgCyi\">Spotify\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://music.apple.com/us/playlist/40-acres-and-a-playlist/pl.u-PDb44ZVTLEmpvME\">Apple Music\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://open.spotify.com/embed?uri=spotify%3Aplaylist%3A5mG1JXeLPHQTazI9gmgCyi\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" frameborder=\"0\" scrolling=\"auto\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Corey Antonio Rose contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11910733/i-aint-leaving-without-my-40-acres-how-musicians-have-called-for-reparations","authors":["8608"],"categories":["news_29992","news_8"],"tags":["news_30918","news_30345","news_30652","news_27626","news_2923","news_22493","news_16988"],"featImg":"news_11910753","label":"news"},"news_11900423":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11900423","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11900423","score":null,"sort":[1640806254000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"unapologetic-in-the-prioritization-of-black-women-bell-hooks-remembered-by-loved-ones","title":"'Unapologetic in the Prioritization of Black Women': bell hooks Remembered by Loved Ones","publishDate":1640806254,"format":"standard","headTitle":"NPR | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":253,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>M. Shadee Malaklou had just been hired as the new chair of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.berea.edu/wgs/\">Women's and Gender Studies department at Berea College\u003c/a> in Kentucky when she was invited to have lunch with bell hooks. When she arrived, Malaklou remembers, hooks said with a nod and a wink, \"'I was against your hire.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than being taken aback, Malaklou leaned into hooks's irreverence and witty honesty — a trait of her writing, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was her way,\" says Malaklou. hooks had assumed that Malaklou, a woman of Iranian descent from Southern California, wouldn't like Berea's lack of an Iranian American community and would leave. But three years later, hooks was writing a glowing commendation for Malaklou's tenure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11899786\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Bellhooks.jpeg\"]Malaklou, now the inaugural director of Berea College's recently opened \u003ca href=\"https://www.berea.edu/bhc/\">bell hooks center\u003c/a>, speaks about her friendship with hooks with gratitude, recognizing she had access to the private and mundane side of her, while others celebrated her public figure and academia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last three years of bell hooks's life, she and Malaklou became close friends and confidants. Sometimes, she would call Malaklou to share McDonald's cheeseburgers, even in the middle of class. It's also well-known that hooks had an endless craving for Juicy Fruit gum: \"She would ask me to order it for her in hordes from Amazon,\" says Malaklou.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of the world probably knows hooks best through her most popular books, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Feminism-Is-for-Everybody-Passionate-Politics/hooks/p/book/9781138821620\">Feminism Is for Everybody\u003c/a>,\" \"\u003ca href=\"https://sites.utexas.edu/lsjcs/files/2018/02/Teaching-to-Transcend.pdf\">Teaching to Transgress\u003c/a>\" and \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.mahoganybooks.com/9780060959470\">All About Love: New Visions\u003c/a>,\" which reemerged in the pandemic as a New York Times bestseller despite being published in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11899786/she-was-prophetic-bay-area-remembers-groundbreaking-author-and-cultural-critic-bell-hooks\">hooks's passing on Dec. 15\u003c/a>, social media has flooded with eulogies and poignant reflections on almost three decades of her work in feminism, teaching and theory. Many noted the accessibility of her language, as well as her willingness to write from life experience as a way to speak on spirituality and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before she was bell hooks, though, she was Gloria Watkins, a rising scholar teaching at Yale University in the 1980s. At that time, Rachel Chapman, now a tenured professor of anthropology at the University of Washington, had the professor as her undergraduate thesis advisor. Chapman remembers that her classes were highly sought after, and that she led a support group of Black women, called \"Sisters of the Yam,\" who idolized her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While working with hooks, Chapman recognized that much of her mentor's work was concerned with the loss of Black life. \"She was writing about what it means to be young and Black and angry and seeing clearly the thin line between being mad and madness, between radical action and personal self-destruction,\" says Chapman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='large' align='right']Before she was bell hooks, though, she was Gloria Watkins, a rising scholar teaching at Yale University in the 1980s.[/pullquote]What Chapman witnessed at the time was someone working through the pain and the hurt that would later lead to \"All About Love.\" Chapman would see hooks again in Los Angeles, while she was working toward her doctoral degree at UCLA in 1992. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/04/26/524744989/when-la-erupted-in-anger-a-look-back-at-the-rodney-king-riots\">Los Angeles riots were raging after the police beating of Rodney King\u003c/a>, and hooks was addressing a beleaguered crowd of the college's student activists. She offered them advice that would stay with Chapman over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"'I don't do social justice work with anyone who's not in a movement with me for a lifetime. And that really reduces the number of people who I'm willing to interact with on that level,'\" Chapman remembers hooks saying. \"That gave me permission to not have to engage every person running their racism at me. I now do whatever gives me strength and move on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>hooks's work with students and approach to education has also become part of her legacy, says Jody Greene, founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://citl.ucsc.edu/\">Center for Innovations in Teaching and Learning\u003c/a> at UC Santa Cruz, where hooks received her doctoral degree. She says the writer's books about the practice of teaching have been deeply influential to teachers like herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"hooks strongly believed in education as the cultivation of a human being and not just an instrument for creating good employees,\" says Greene, who was a student at Yale during hooks's time there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Professor Rachel Chapman, University of Washington\"]'She was writing about what it means to be young and Black and angry.'[/pullquote]In her last decade of life, hooks wasn't growing complacent in her ideas, friends say: She was actively learning and growing, giving talks and having conversations with other academics and public figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelby Chestnut, director of policy and programs at the Transgender Law Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oMmZIJijgY&t=1081s\">introduced hooks and Laverne Cox at their conversation at the New School\u003c/a> in 2014. Chestnut remembers meeting hooks for the first time, particularly her generosity and tenderness toward strangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She was like, 'Hold my hand.' And so I held her hand and then Laverne held her other hand, and we just walked around the [West Village],\" says Chestnut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chestnut saw hooks working to understand and include the trans community in her understandings about feminism, even at a time it wasn't popular. Her foundational works on feminism, including \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Aint-I-a-Woman-Black-Women-and-Feminism/hooks/p/book/9781138821514\">Ain't I a Woman\u003c/a>,\" critiqued white feminism and began farsighted conversations around intersectionality even before \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/29/982357959/what-does-intersectionality-mean\">the term was created by Kimberlé Crenshaw\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even her kindness to all, to feminism more broadly, she was really unapologetic in the prioritization of Black women,\" says Chestnut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple people shared how hooks profoundly cared for young people and children, too. Linda Strong-Leek, former professor at Berea College and now provost at Haverford College, remembered hooks's concern that \"'we had never seen a book with a Black boy just sitting and reading.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of her hooks's books, such as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.lbyr.com/titles/bell-hooks/be-boy-buzz/9781484788400/\">Be Boy Buzz\u003c/a>,\" were aimed at increasing literacy for children of color and providing meaningful representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label ='Related Coverage' tag='education']hooks gave over 30 years of her life to groundbreaking scholarship, but she also identified as an Appalachian scholar and chose to return to her home state of Kentucky in the last years of her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her book \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Belonging-A-Culture-of-Place/hooks/p/book/9780415968164\">Belonging: A Culture of Place\u003c/a>,\" hooks wasn't an abstract theorist, but someone grounded in the geography of her rural upbringing in contrast to city life. Her friends say her love for community was both political and personal. Strong-Leek recalls that, first and foremost, hooks was dedicated to the people around her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would go out in Berea. Most people didn't know who she was if they weren't connected to the college or readers [of] feminist theory,\" she says. \"I want people to remember that she loved regular people.\"\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"\"She was writing about what it means to be young and Black and angry and seeing clearly the thin line … between radical action and personal self-destruction,\" says former student and now University of Washington professor Rachel Chapman.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1640820700,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1148},"headData":{"title":"'Unapologetic in the Prioritization of Black Women': bell hooks Remembered by Loved Ones | KQED","description":""She was writing about what it means to be young and Black and angry and seeing clearly the thin line … between radical action and personal self-destruction," says former student and now University of Washington professor Rachel Chapman.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'Unapologetic in the Prioritization of Black Women': bell hooks Remembered by Loved Ones","datePublished":"2021-12-29T19:30:54.000Z","dateModified":"2021-12-29T23:31:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11900423 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11900423","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/12/29/unapologetic-in-the-prioritization-of-black-women-bell-hooks-remembered-by-loved-ones/","disqusTitle":"'Unapologetic in the Prioritization of Black Women': bell hooks Remembered by Loved Ones","nprByline":"\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/jireh_deng\">Jireh Deng\u003c/a>","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","path":"/news/11900423/unapologetic-in-the-prioritization-of-black-women-bell-hooks-remembered-by-loved-ones","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>M. Shadee Malaklou had just been hired as the new chair of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.berea.edu/wgs/\">Women's and Gender Studies department at Berea College\u003c/a> in Kentucky when she was invited to have lunch with bell hooks. When she arrived, Malaklou remembers, hooks said with a nod and a wink, \"'I was against your hire.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rather than being taken aback, Malaklou leaned into hooks's irreverence and witty honesty — a trait of her writing, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That was her way,\" says Malaklou. hooks had assumed that Malaklou, a woman of Iranian descent from Southern California, wouldn't like Berea's lack of an Iranian American community and would leave. But three years later, hooks was writing a glowing commendation for Malaklou's tenure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11899786","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/12/Bellhooks.jpeg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Malaklou, now the inaugural director of Berea College's recently opened \u003ca href=\"https://www.berea.edu/bhc/\">bell hooks center\u003c/a>, speaks about her friendship with hooks with gratitude, recognizing she had access to the private and mundane side of her, while others celebrated her public figure and academia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last three years of bell hooks's life, she and Malaklou became close friends and confidants. Sometimes, she would call Malaklou to share McDonald's cheeseburgers, even in the middle of class. It's also well-known that hooks had an endless craving for Juicy Fruit gum: \"She would ask me to order it for her in hordes from Amazon,\" says Malaklou.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The rest of the world probably knows hooks best through her most popular books, \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Feminism-Is-for-Everybody-Passionate-Politics/hooks/p/book/9781138821620\">Feminism Is for Everybody\u003c/a>,\" \"\u003ca href=\"https://sites.utexas.edu/lsjcs/files/2018/02/Teaching-to-Transcend.pdf\">Teaching to Transgress\u003c/a>\" and \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.mahoganybooks.com/9780060959470\">All About Love: New Visions\u003c/a>,\" which reemerged in the pandemic as a New York Times bestseller despite being published in 2000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11899786/she-was-prophetic-bay-area-remembers-groundbreaking-author-and-cultural-critic-bell-hooks\">hooks's passing on Dec. 15\u003c/a>, social media has flooded with eulogies and poignant reflections on almost three decades of her work in feminism, teaching and theory. Many noted the accessibility of her language, as well as her willingness to write from life experience as a way to speak on spirituality and family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before she was bell hooks, though, she was Gloria Watkins, a rising scholar teaching at Yale University in the 1980s. At that time, Rachel Chapman, now a tenured professor of anthropology at the University of Washington, had the professor as her undergraduate thesis advisor. Chapman remembers that her classes were highly sought after, and that she led a support group of Black women, called \"Sisters of the Yam,\" who idolized her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While working with hooks, Chapman recognized that much of her mentor's work was concerned with the loss of Black life. \"She was writing about what it means to be young and Black and angry and seeing clearly the thin line between being mad and madness, between radical action and personal self-destruction,\" says Chapman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"Before she was bell hooks, though, she was Gloria Watkins, a rising scholar teaching at Yale University in the 1980s.","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"large","align":"right","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>What Chapman witnessed at the time was someone working through the pain and the hurt that would later lead to \"All About Love.\" Chapman would see hooks again in Los Angeles, while she was working toward her doctoral degree at UCLA in 1992. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/04/26/524744989/when-la-erupted-in-anger-a-look-back-at-the-rodney-king-riots\">Los Angeles riots were raging after the police beating of Rodney King\u003c/a>, and hooks was addressing a beleaguered crowd of the college's student activists. She offered them advice that would stay with Chapman over the years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"'I don't do social justice work with anyone who's not in a movement with me for a lifetime. And that really reduces the number of people who I'm willing to interact with on that level,'\" Chapman remembers hooks saying. \"That gave me permission to not have to engage every person running their racism at me. I now do whatever gives me strength and move on.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>hooks's work with students and approach to education has also become part of her legacy, says Jody Greene, founder of the \u003ca href=\"https://citl.ucsc.edu/\">Center for Innovations in Teaching and Learning\u003c/a> at UC Santa Cruz, where hooks received her doctoral degree. She says the writer's books about the practice of teaching have been deeply influential to teachers like herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"hooks strongly believed in education as the cultivation of a human being and not just an instrument for creating good employees,\" says Greene, who was a student at Yale during hooks's time there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'She was writing about what it means to be young and Black and angry.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"Professor Rachel Chapman, University of Washington","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In her last decade of life, hooks wasn't growing complacent in her ideas, friends say: She was actively learning and growing, giving talks and having conversations with other academics and public figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shelby Chestnut, director of policy and programs at the Transgender Law Center, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9oMmZIJijgY&t=1081s\">introduced hooks and Laverne Cox at their conversation at the New School\u003c/a> in 2014. Chestnut remembers meeting hooks for the first time, particularly her generosity and tenderness toward strangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"She was like, 'Hold my hand.' And so I held her hand and then Laverne held her other hand, and we just walked around the [West Village],\" says Chestnut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chestnut saw hooks working to understand and include the trans community in her understandings about feminism, even at a time it wasn't popular. Her foundational works on feminism, including \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Aint-I-a-Woman-Black-Women-and-Feminism/hooks/p/book/9781138821514\">Ain't I a Woman\u003c/a>,\" critiqued white feminism and began farsighted conversations around intersectionality even before \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/29/982357959/what-does-intersectionality-mean\">the term was created by Kimberlé Crenshaw\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even her kindness to all, to feminism more broadly, she was really unapologetic in the prioritization of Black women,\" says Chestnut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Multiple people shared how hooks profoundly cared for young people and children, too. Linda Strong-Leek, former professor at Berea College and now provost at Haverford College, remembered hooks's concern that \"'we had never seen a book with a Black boy just sitting and reading.'\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of her hooks's books, such as \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.lbyr.com/titles/bell-hooks/be-boy-buzz/9781484788400/\">Be Boy Buzz\u003c/a>,\" were aimed at increasing literacy for children of color and providing meaningful representation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"education"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>hooks gave over 30 years of her life to groundbreaking scholarship, but she also identified as an Appalachian scholar and chose to return to her home state of Kentucky in the last years of her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her book \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.routledge.com/Belonging-A-Culture-of-Place/hooks/p/book/9780415968164\">Belonging: A Culture of Place\u003c/a>,\" hooks wasn't an abstract theorist, but someone grounded in the geography of her rural upbringing in contrast to city life. Her friends say her love for community was both political and personal. Strong-Leek recalls that, first and foremost, hooks was dedicated to the people around her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We would go out in Berea. Most people didn't know who she was if they weren't connected to the college or readers [of] feminist theory,\" she says. \"I want people to remember that she loved regular people.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11900423/unapologetic-in-the-prioritization-of-black-women-bell-hooks-remembered-by-loved-ones","authors":["byline_news_11900423"],"categories":["news_29992","news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_30407","news_20013","news_27626","news_30448","news_22557","news_1222","news_16988","news_178","news_1928","news_2792"],"affiliates":["news_253"],"featImg":"news_11900443","label":"news_253"},"news_11854248":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11854248","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11854248","score":null,"sort":[1610068408000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"not-surprised-w-kamau-bell-on-the-tepid-police-response-to-violent-insurgents-at-the-u-s-capitol","title":"'Call it Terrorism': W. Kamau Bell on Extremist Riot at the U.S. Capitol","publishDate":1610068408,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>When an overwhelmingly white mob of extremist Trump supporters \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11853921/u-s-capitol-locked-down-as-far-right-protesters-enter-the-building\">stormed the U.S. Capitol on Wednesday\u003c/a> in an act of outright insurrection, they faced relatively little resistance from police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waving Confederate flags and other symbols of white supremacy, the mob violently paraded through the halls of Congress with near total impunity.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"W. Kamau Bell, comedian and activist\"]'I'm not surprised they weren't arrested because they were where they were supposed to be. They were invited to a party and they went to the party.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Had it been a group of Black and brown people, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854111/california-leaders-question-why-capitol-police-stepped-aside-for-mob\">many argue\u003c/a>, the response from law enforcement might have been just a tad different. They point to the aggressive show of force by police during many of the largely peaceful Black Lives Matter demonstrations this summer — just one of many examples in a long history of police violence against people of color peacefully protesting for racial justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday morning, as the nation was still trying to come to grips with the riots, KQED's Brian Watt spoke with the Bay Area's own W. Kamau Bell — comedian and the host and executive producer of the award-winning series \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/shows/united-shades-of-america\">United Shades of America\u003c/a>\" on CNN — about this attack on the nation's capital, white supremacy and terrorism, and where America goes from here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you make of that difference in the law enforcement response?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>W. Kamau Bell\u003c/em>: I mean, it's everything that as a Black person you know is true in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All year, since the pandemic started, we have seen white people armed to the teeth, showing up at capitals all over the country. And all of that was a rehearsal for this. If they hadn't gotten away with showing up in Michigan and Sacramento and all these other capitals around the country, they would have been less interested in going to D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then on top of that, you have the fact that the president has, since the George Floyd protests, been going after Black Lives Matter, going after Antifa — and yet with these people, he basically put out an Evite and invited them to the Capitol, and then he talked to them once they got there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I'm not surprised they weren't arrested, because they were where they were supposed to be. They were invited to a party and they went to the party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/wkamaubell/status/1347315072893288452\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You did make clear that the chaos in D.C. was caused by terrorists. Why did you use that term?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a kid drives to a Black church in Charleston and shoots Black people during Bible study that he was invited into, that's not crime. That's terrorism. He's trying to terrorize those people. He's trying to terrorize the people of that church and the Black people of that town. If Timothy McVeigh destroys a federal building, that's not a crime. That's terrorism. We have to be clear about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\"]'I've heard people say, call it what you will: terrorism, extremism. No, no, no. Call it terrorism. That's what the word was invented for.'[/pullquote]I've heard people say, call it what you will: terrorism, extremism. No, no, no. Call it terrorism. That's what the word was invented for. But we have a problem doing that when the people look like what we are \u003cem>told\u003c/em> are patriots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It doesn't sound like you didn't see this coming, but did you know it would look like it did yesterday?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I mean, I would like to say I saw it coming. I feel like everybody I know saw it coming. Everybody I work with saw it coming. And we've been talking about it for years. So I don't want to say like I was some sort of Nostradamus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I do think that Trump has been very clear about who he was, I mean, since way before he ran for president. And the things that should have disqualified him did not disqualify him, which prove that America is run on white supremacy. The minute you call America's first Black president an illegitimate president, that should preclude you from running for president. But it did not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So for me and the people I know — people in Berkeley, people in Oakland who I work with, people I've worked with nationally on these issues — we have all been saying 'he's telling us what he's going to do, right?'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"w-kamau-bell\"]So it's not good to be right. And it also is shocking to see it, because you think they're not going to let these people just walk into the Capitol. I didn't think they would be able to just walk in, and I didn't think they'd get just escorted out. But I'm not surprised this happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does what happened yesterday sum up for you the legacy that Donald Trump leaves behind: a nation even more divided?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I mean, yes, I think in many ways, if America is a book, this is the end of the book — and now there's a chance to write a new book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the legend of America as the greatest country in the world, land of the free, home of the brave — all over the world they know that's not right. All over the world, they know that's a lie. And if we keep telling ourselves that and we keep teaching it in the schools, were lying to ourselves. That's over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the reasons this country was great, anyway, is because people from all over the world wanted to come here, because they bought into that idea of America being the land of the free and the way you could make your dreams happen. Those people aren't coming anymore — in large part they can't, because our borders are closed because of COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the book on America is over. Now we have to write a new book, and where that goes is up to us. But we have to make a choice. And a lot of that choice for me resolves around, do we prosecute Trump for the terrorism that he encouraged yesterday and has encouraged throughout his presidency?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have some hope about the state of our democracy, despite the heartbreak of yesterday?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\"]'If America is a book, this is the end of the book and now there's a chance to write a new book. ... And where that goes is up to us.'[/pullquote]I mean, you know, with \"United Shades of America,\" I travel around the country talking to people who are working hard to save and/or reinvent this democracy. The season we're filming now, I've been in Portland talking to Black Lives Matter activists about how they're trying to transform Portland. While at the same time, in many ways, white terrorists are coming in from outside of Portland, around Oregon, to confront them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]I went to Atlanta to talk to the New Georgia Project. And Atlanta is an amazing place, where Black people really are trying to transform Atlanta. And yet it has some of the biggest wealth disparity and economic disparity of the country, especially for Black people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those people are all working hard to transform the system. But they know that the deck is stacked against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Comedian and activist W. Kamau Bell on the recent attack on the nation's capital, white supremacy and terrorism and where America goes from here.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1610070854,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1291},"headData":{"title":"'Call it Terrorism': W. Kamau Bell on Extremist Riot at the U.S. Capitol | KQED","description":"Comedian and activist W. Kamau Bell on the recent attack on the nation's capital, white supremacy and terrorism and where America goes from here.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"'Call it Terrorism': W. Kamau Bell on Extremist Riot at the U.S. Capitol","datePublished":"2021-01-08T01:13:28.000Z","dateModified":"2021-01-08T01:54:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11854248 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11854248","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2021/01/07/not-surprised-w-kamau-bell-on-the-tepid-police-response-to-violent-insurgents-at-the-u-s-capitol/","disqusTitle":"'Call it Terrorism': W. Kamau Bell on Extremist Riot at the U.S. Capitol","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/a7d11343-55ff-47d5-8149-aca9012fa589/audio.mp3","path":"/news/11854248/not-surprised-w-kamau-bell-on-the-tepid-police-response-to-violent-insurgents-at-the-u-s-capitol","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When an overwhelmingly white mob of extremist Trump supporters \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11853921/u-s-capitol-locked-down-as-far-right-protesters-enter-the-building\">stormed the U.S. Capitol on Wednesday\u003c/a> in an act of outright insurrection, they faced relatively little resistance from police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waving Confederate flags and other symbols of white supremacy, the mob violently paraded through the halls of Congress with near total impunity.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I'm not surprised they weren't arrested because they were where they were supposed to be. They were invited to a party and they went to the party.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","citation":"W. Kamau Bell, comedian and activist","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Had it been a group of Black and brown people, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11854111/california-leaders-question-why-capitol-police-stepped-aside-for-mob\">many argue\u003c/a>, the response from law enforcement might have been just a tad different. They point to the aggressive show of force by police during many of the largely peaceful Black Lives Matter demonstrations this summer — just one of many examples in a long history of police violence against people of color peacefully protesting for racial justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Thursday morning, as the nation was still trying to come to grips with the riots, KQED's Brian Watt spoke with the Bay Area's own W. Kamau Bell — comedian and the host and executive producer of the award-winning series \"\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/shows/united-shades-of-america\">United Shades of America\u003c/a>\" on CNN — about this attack on the nation's capital, white supremacy and terrorism, and where America goes from here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What do you make of that difference in the law enforcement response?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>W. Kamau Bell\u003c/em>: I mean, it's everything that as a Black person you know is true in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All year, since the pandemic started, we have seen white people armed to the teeth, showing up at capitals all over the country. And all of that was a rehearsal for this. If they hadn't gotten away with showing up in Michigan and Sacramento and all these other capitals around the country, they would have been less interested in going to D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then on top of that, you have the fact that the president has, since the George Floyd protests, been going after Black Lives Matter, going after Antifa — and yet with these people, he basically put out an Evite and invited them to the Capitol, and then he talked to them once they got there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So I'm not surprised they weren't arrested, because they were where they were supposed to be. They were invited to a party and they went to the party.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1347315072893288452"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>You did make clear that the chaos in D.C. was caused by terrorists. Why did you use that term?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a kid drives to a Black church in Charleston and shoots Black people during Bible study that he was invited into, that's not crime. That's terrorism. He's trying to terrorize those people. He's trying to terrorize the people of that church and the Black people of that town. If Timothy McVeigh destroys a federal building, that's not a crime. That's terrorism. We have to be clear about this.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'I've heard people say, call it what you will: terrorism, extremism. No, no, no. Call it terrorism. That's what the word was invented for.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>I've heard people say, call it what you will: terrorism, extremism. No, no, no. Call it terrorism. That's what the word was invented for. But we have a problem doing that when the people look like what we are \u003cem>told\u003c/em> are patriots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>It doesn't sound like you didn't see this coming, but did you know it would look like it did yesterday?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I mean, I would like to say I saw it coming. I feel like everybody I know saw it coming. Everybody I work with saw it coming. And we've been talking about it for years. So I don't want to say like I was some sort of Nostradamus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But I do think that Trump has been very clear about who he was, I mean, since way before he ran for president. And the things that should have disqualified him did not disqualify him, which prove that America is run on white supremacy. The minute you call America's first Black president an illegitimate president, that should preclude you from running for president. But it did not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So for me and the people I know — people in Berkeley, people in Oakland who I work with, people I've worked with nationally on these issues — we have all been saying 'he's telling us what he's going to do, right?'\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"w-kamau-bell"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>So it's not good to be right. And it also is shocking to see it, because you think they're not going to let these people just walk into the Capitol. I didn't think they would be able to just walk in, and I didn't think they'd get just escorted out. But I'm not surprised this happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does what happened yesterday sum up for you the legacy that Donald Trump leaves behind: a nation even more divided?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I mean, yes, I think in many ways, if America is a book, this is the end of the book — and now there's a chance to write a new book.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the legend of America as the greatest country in the world, land of the free, home of the brave — all over the world they know that's not right. All over the world, they know that's a lie. And if we keep telling ourselves that and we keep teaching it in the schools, were lying to ourselves. That's over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the reasons this country was great, anyway, is because people from all over the world wanted to come here, because they bought into that idea of America being the land of the free and the way you could make your dreams happen. Those people aren't coming anymore — in large part they can't, because our borders are closed because of COVID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So the book on America is over. Now we have to write a new book, and where that goes is up to us. But we have to make a choice. And a lot of that choice for me resolves around, do we prosecute Trump for the terrorism that he encouraged yesterday and has encouraged throughout his presidency?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you have some hope about the state of our democracy, despite the heartbreak of yesterday?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'If America is a book, this is the end of the book and now there's a chance to write a new book. ... And where that goes is up to us.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>I mean, you know, with \"United Shades of America,\" I travel around the country talking to people who are working hard to save and/or reinvent this democracy. The season we're filming now, I've been in Portland talking to Black Lives Matter activists about how they're trying to transform Portland. While at the same time, in many ways, white terrorists are coming in from outside of Portland, around Oregon, to confront them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>I went to Atlanta to talk to the New Georgia Project. And Atlanta is an amazing place, where Black people really are trying to transform Atlanta. And yet it has some of the biggest wealth disparity and economic disparity of the country, especially for Black people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And those people are all working hard to transform the system. But they know that the deck is stacked against them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11854248/not-surprised-w-kamau-bell-on-the-tepid-police-response-to-violent-insurgents-at-the-u-s-capitol","authors":["11238","1263"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_28383","news_19971","news_20149","news_28211","news_16988","news_17613"],"featImg":"news_11854250","label":"news"},"news_11849585":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11849585","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11849585","score":null,"sort":[1607079630000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-california-is-factoring-in-historical-social-injustice-in-the-vaccine-rollout","title":"Why California Is Factoring in Historical Social Injustice in the Vaccine Rollout","publishDate":1607079630,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Why California Is Factoring in Historical Social Injustice in the Vaccine Rollout | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>California is planning its rollout of a coronavirus vaccine. Healthcare workers have already been prioritized, but figuring out who comes next and how that decision will be made is now in the hands of an advisory committee made up of health and community leaders. One factor they’ll use to decide who gets the vaccine next? A look at the nation’s history of social injustice, and which groups have been overlooked, and wronged, in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/adembosky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">April Dembosky\u003c/a>, Health Correspondent for KQED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3390746488&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3lCZRQT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/thebaynewsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Sign up for our weekly newsletter! \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1700693707,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":100},"headData":{"title":"Why California Is Factoring in Historical Social Injustice in the Vaccine Rollout | KQED","description":"California is planning its rollout of a coronavirus vaccine. Healthcare workers have already been prioritized, but figuring out who comes next and how that decision will be made is now in the hands of an advisory committee made up of health and community leaders. One factor they’ll use to decide who gets the vaccine next?","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Why California Is Factoring in Historical Social Injustice in the Vaccine Rollout","datePublished":"2020-12-04T11:00:30.000Z","dateModified":"2023-11-22T22:55:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/podcasts/thebay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC3390746488.mp3","path":"/news/11849585/why-california-is-factoring-in-historical-social-injustice-in-the-vaccine-rollout","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is planning its rollout of a coronavirus vaccine. Healthcare workers have already been prioritized, but figuring out who comes next and how that decision will be made is now in the hands of an advisory committee made up of health and community leaders. One factor they’ll use to decide who gets the vaccine next? A look at the nation’s history of social injustice, and which groups have been overlooked, and wronged, in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Guest: \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/adembosky\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">April Dembosky\u003c/a>, Health Correspondent for KQED\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC3390746488&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the transcript \u003ca href=\"https://bit.ly/3lCZRQT\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/thebaynewsletter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Sign up for our weekly newsletter! \u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11849585/why-california-is-factoring-in-historical-social-injustice-in-the-vaccine-rollout","authors":["11637","7240","8654","11649","3205"],"programs":["news_28779"],"categories":["news_457","news_33520"],"tags":["news_28878","news_28877","news_18538","news_27350","news_27989","news_27504","news_27966","news_9","news_21512","news_28426","news_28879","news_16988","news_22598","news_28861"],"featImg":"news_11849588","label":"source_news_11849585"},"news_11844364":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11844364","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11844364","score":null,"sort":[1604514621000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californians-voting-to-keep-states-affirmative-action-ban","title":"Californians Vote to Keep State's Affirmative Action Ban","publishDate":1604514621,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Proposition 16, which would have overturned a ban on affirmative action in the state, is failing with 56% of votes against the proposition as of Wednesday morning. The Associated Press declared that the proposition has failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 16 would have overturned another measure, Proposition 209, which voters passed in 1996. It banned the use of affirmative action by the state in hiring, awarding of contracts and granting admission to state colleges and universities.\u003cbr>\n[aside label=\"More on Proposition 16\" link1='https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/proposition-16-affirmative-action,Proposition 16: Should California end its ban on affirmative action?' link2='https://www.kqed.org/elections/results#californiapropositions,Proposition 16: live election results' hero=https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/10/KQED-Election-2020-Aside-Prop-16.png]\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_209,_Affirmative_Action_Initiative_(1996)\">Proposition 209\u003c/a> was one of several conservative measures backed by then-Gov. Pete Wilson in the 1990s. Those included \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10346251/political-effects-linger-20-years-after-prop-187-targeted-illegal-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 187\u003c/a>, which sought to ban undocumented immigrants from accessing state services. That measure passed, but was later found to be unconstitutional. A third measure, Proposition 227, effectively banned bilingual education in the state. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/proposition-58\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Voters overturned that ban\u003c/a> in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates of affirmative action have been working to modify or overturn Proposition 209 since it passed. They felt the current national discussion over race and social justice could help their cause. This past legislative session, Assemblymember Shirley Weber, D-San Diego, who chairs the Legislative Black Caucus, authored a constitutional amendment to overturn Proposition 209.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California's regressive ban on equal opportunity programs, such as affirmative action, denies women and people of color a level playing field in the workplace and in education,” Weber said.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\nThe state legislature easily approved placing Weber’s amendment on the November ballot. That became Proposition 16, and it drew high-profile supporters, including California Sen. Kamala Harris and Gov. Gavin Newsom. It also raised a substantial war chest — more than $26 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet the measure struggled with voters. Several pre-election polls showed it was supported by barely one-third of voters. Opponents maintain race should not be a factor in things like college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gail Heriot, a law professor at the private University of San Diego School of Law, worked with the No on 16 campaign. “Standards can vary from school to school,” Heriot said. “Some schools may look for pure academic talent. Other schools may take into consideration athletic talent, entrepreneurial talent, leadership talent. All of these things. Just not race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is currently one of just eight states that currently ban affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Proposition 16 would have allowed the use of affirmative action in hiring, awarding of contracts and granting admission to state colleges and universities.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1604518879,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":434},"headData":{"title":"Californians Vote to Keep State's Affirmative Action Ban | KQED","description":"California is one of eight states to ban affirmative action.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Californians Vote to Keep State's Affirmative Action Ban","datePublished":"2020-11-04T18:30:21.000Z","dateModified":"2020-11-04T19:41:19.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11844364 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11844364","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/11/04/californians-voting-to-keep-states-affirmative-action-ban/","disqusTitle":"Californians Vote to Keep State's Affirmative Action Ban","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","path":"/news/11844364/californians-voting-to-keep-states-affirmative-action-ban","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Proposition 16, which would have overturned a ban on affirmative action in the state, is failing with 56% of votes against the proposition as of Wednesday morning. The Associated Press declared that the proposition has failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proposition 16 would have overturned another measure, Proposition 209, which voters passed in 1996. It banned the use of affirmative action by the state in hiring, awarding of contracts and granting admission to state colleges and universities.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on Proposition 16 ","link1":"https://www.kqed.org/voterguide/proposition-16-affirmative-action,Proposition 16: Should California end its ban on affirmative action?","link2":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results#californiapropositions,Proposition 16: live election results","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/10/KQED-Election-2020-Aside-Prop-16.png"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/California_Proposition_209,_Affirmative_Action_Initiative_(1996)\">Proposition 209\u003c/a> was one of several conservative measures backed by then-Gov. Pete Wilson in the 1990s. Those included \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10346251/political-effects-linger-20-years-after-prop-187-targeted-illegal-immigration\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Proposition 187\u003c/a>, which sought to ban undocumented immigrants from accessing state services. That measure passed, but was later found to be unconstitutional. A third measure, Proposition 227, effectively banned bilingual education in the state. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/proposition-58\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Voters overturned that ban\u003c/a> in 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates of affirmative action have been working to modify or overturn Proposition 209 since it passed. They felt the current national discussion over race and social justice could help their cause. This past legislative session, Assemblymember Shirley Weber, D-San Diego, who chairs the Legislative Black Caucus, authored a constitutional amendment to overturn Proposition 209.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California's regressive ban on equal opportunity programs, such as affirmative action, denies women and people of color a level playing field in the workplace and in education,” Weber said.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nThe state legislature easily approved placing Weber’s amendment on the November ballot. That became Proposition 16, and it drew high-profile supporters, including California Sen. Kamala Harris and Gov. Gavin Newsom. It also raised a substantial war chest — more than $26 million.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And yet the measure struggled with voters. Several pre-election polls showed it was supported by barely one-third of voters. Opponents maintain race should not be a factor in things like college admissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gail Heriot, a law professor at the private University of San Diego School of Law, worked with the No on 16 campaign. “Standards can vary from school to school,” Heriot said. “Some schools may look for pure academic talent. Other schools may take into consideration athletic talent, entrepreneurial talent, leadership talent. All of these things. Just not race.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is currently one of just eight states that currently ban affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11844364/californians-voting-to-keep-states-affirmative-action-ban","authors":["11200"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_27540","news_28726","news_1895","news_27370","news_28627","news_28744","news_16988"],"featImg":"news_11826079","label":"news"},"news_11824154":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11824154","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11824154","score":null,"sort":[1591993107000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-to-talk-to-multiracial-kids-about-race","title":"How to Talk to Multiracial Kids About Race","publishDate":1591993107,"format":"standard","headTitle":"KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>June 12 is celebrated as “Loving Day,” a day commemorating \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/loving-v-virginia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Loving v. Virginia\u003c/a> — the landmark 1967 Supreme Court case that declared laws against interracial marriage unconstitutional in the United States. With this in mind, we spoke with a few Bay Area families and experts on the importance of talking about race in multiracial families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro identifies as Filipino American and works in the education field. She lives in Walnut Creek with her husband, who is Afro-Brazilian, and their two daughters, ages 7 and 3-years-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is the right way to educate a 7-year-old who's, like, half farts, half losing her teeth? And also 10% attention span?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At home, they are doing history lessons she calls “American heroes are Black women.” Baltazar-Pinheiro calls to her daughter to see if she remembers who they talked about the last few days — Rosa Parks, Ida B. Wells and Shirley Chisholm. Her daughter recounts the names, with a few small hints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro, mother to two daughters, ages 3 and 7-years-old\"]'If you think your whiteness will protect your mixed kids from this country as it currently stands, you’re misguided.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baltazar-Pinheiro recommends others in mixed race families educate themselves, especially since there are so many ways to do it now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think your whiteness will protect your mixed kids from this country as it currently stands, you’re misguided,” she said. “We have words and we have language to talk about … race and class and gender — and gender fluidity and how we all want to live in this world. I just want to teach her the words that she needs so that she can always express herself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Baltazar-Pinheiro, it’s also important for families to talk to extended family. “Talk to your brother who doesn't really like your husband, but has decided that he's a pretty good guy,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a 16-year-old boy and 4-year-old girl, Melanie Carvalho is balancing how to talk in an age-appropriate way with both of her children. Carvalho is white, and is a former educator who taught for 20 years in the Bay Area. She now lives in Orange County with her husband who is originally from Cape Verde, West Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carvalho said her older son is not really interested in talking, but she still tries to prompt him with questions. With her daughter, she's focusing on honoring her skin, hair and body for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven't taken it to that next level that some people are treated unfairly — it's scary because you talk about the psychological impact of them internalizing that. And I guess I want to build up her self-confidence first,” Carvalho said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her son, one of his first experiences facing race came in nursery school when a white student said, “You can’t play with me because you’re black.” Her son’s response at the time was to put black marker on his leg to show that clearly he was not that color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carvalho said she fears for her son on a more external level. “Part of that is that he is pretty solid on who he is,” but she said the world may see him as something else. For her daughter, Carvalho views her identity as being more about her self concept. “I worry that she will fall into these habits of wanting lighter skin, straighter hair. ... So I guess that's why I focus on helping her loving her hair, her skin, loving herself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824163\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824163\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro, Fabiano Pinheiro, Eva Lourdes, 7, and Stella Marèsol, 3, at their home in Walnut Creek on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>What the Experts Say: 'It's Not a One-Time Conversation'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In order to get deeper into these complex questions and offer practical advice, KQED consulted a few experts. This advice is intentionally specific to multiracial families since \u003ca href=\"https://jenniferharvey.org/raising-antiracist-white-kids-course/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resources\u003c/a> are more \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/03/869071246/how-white-parents-can-talk-to-their-kids-about-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">widely available for white families,\u003c/a> and many Black families are often already familiar with \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfVrNtP6q68\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">these conversations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Christia Spears Brown is an author, researcher and professor of developmental psychology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that kids, and even siblings in multiracial families may view race in different ways. “They all come at it from a really different perspective,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She emphasizes the importance of talking about race because kids are already noticing differences from a very early age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kelley Kenney, counselor\"]'It’s not just a one time conversation, but it's very, very, very much a part of the whole family dynamic.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spears Brown acknowledges that all situations are different, but overall, “All of this is about parents — in the context of multiracial kids — recognizing that their kids may have experiences that are very different than their own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also spoke with Mark and Kelley Kenney, who are both counselors teaching and working in academic settings. They co-authored the book Counseling Multiracial Families and led the writing of \u003ca href=\"https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/competencies/competencies-for-counseling-the-multiracial-population-2-2-15-final.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Competencies for Counseling the Multiracial Population\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's kind of interesting to me that, on some level, things have shifted,” Kelley Kenney said, when thinking back on their years of studying the topic. “But, you know, we're still dealing with the same inherent issue of racism and bias and lack of understanding. … I'm hoping that we're moving forward in at least starting to dialogue more about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelley Kenney said talking about race within family is not just a singular event. “It’s not just a one time conversation, but it's very, very, very much a part of the whole family dynamic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824164\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824164\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eva Lourdes, 7, in her home next to a learning exercise called 'American Heroes are Black Women' on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Know Your History and Take Time to Educate Yourself\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“In cases where the relationship involves a white partner for whom this is perhaps their first interactions … dealing with issues of slavery, it is important to spend some time being honest with folks and really talking about what that all means in terms of how they want to proceed in a relationship and a family and all of those things.” — Mark Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Don't Be Scared to Talk About Race\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The big one is to not be scared of the topic or to think that you're introducing a concept of race to a child who has no concept of race. The reality is, kids know and think about race very early in infancy. They start by three, four, five. They're noticing it. Thinking about it. And so parents can't shy away from those conversations. Parents can feel uncomfortable, particularly if parents are in a different racial group than the kid is.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Talk With Your Partner\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Partners need to talk among themselves about race and racism and what their experiences have been, and what they want their relationship to be, what they want their family to be. It's sort of about some racial socialization, if you will, between partners themselves before they even start to talk about, what it is to talk about these things in a family context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Also making sure that the family dynamic includes openness and honesty. Also including expectations for extended family, in terms of addressing issues of race and racism.\" — Kelley Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Talk About Your Child’s Identity Positively\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Talking about the positive parts of culture, kind of thinking about all the great ways your culture has contributed to society, kind of cultural pride. … We know a positive view of ethnic identity is really protective in the face of discrimination. That helps buffer all sorts of negative aspects of society. You really have to be very proud of your culture and your ethnicity.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Discuss Stereotypes and Difference\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“How can you as parents help protect kids from those experiences? And the answer is, it's somewhat counterintuitive. It's not shielding them from that part of their ethnicity. It's really leaning in to that part of their ethnicity because leaning into it is what's protective.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824167\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824167\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro and her daughter paint in their garage on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Take a Proactive Stance — Don’t Assume Your Child Is Immune\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“First of all, it begins with the parents having a conversation, again, with themselves about how they want to raise their children. With respect to discussions of race and racism, et cetera. And then talking about their socialization practices, that should include how they instill a sense of cultural and racial pride, how they prepare children to deal with racial bias, how they talk about issues of white privilege in the home. Again, I can't emphasize enough the importance of being proactive versus reactive.” — Mark Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\"]'We want our kids to recognize when they're being treated unfairly because of race. Parents might think 'well, but we wouldn't want them to be overly sensitive.' But the reality is, if they don't blame race or ethnic bias, instead they're going to blame themselves.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that things like support seeking are helpful. So talking to a teacher or talking to a friend or talking to the parent is a really helpful way to cope with discrimination. We know that saying something, being kind of active or having some kind of action plan is really helpful for kids to cope with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want our kids to recognize when they're being treated unfairly because of race. Parents might think 'well, but we wouldn't want them to be overly sensitive.' But the reality is, if they don't blame race or ethnic bias, instead they're going to blame themselves. We don't want kids to be overly quick to jump to labeling discrimination, but we want to make sure that they label it correctly when it does happen, because it's better than blaming themselves. Because we do know that that's actually worse for self-esteem and a sense of competence.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ask Questions and Use Media to Start a Conversation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Inquiry is a really good way to know … where they are. What do you think? Why do you think this show only has people that were white? Why do you think this is going on in this book? Asking kids questions and letting them come up with a good solution. One good thing about asking kids questions, is it will stay with them, then kids can understand because they are the ones kind of leading the conversation. And so that way they can kind of lead what they're capable of absorbing at that moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"george-floyd\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Media is a great way to talk — it's a great organic way to have conversation. Books are great conversation starters. You can read it and then you can ask a couple of questions and have a conversation about it. ... The one to two minute talks I think are the most meaningful, especially when they are a regular part of childhood. Whenever you see inequalities or stereotypes, calling them out.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ensure that you have books, toys, images, dolls that represent everyone. So you have to be purposeful and intentional.” — Mark Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my experience, books are always a good starting point. Reading about someone else's experiences and then discussing how the child is reacting to the different character and how did they think that the character is dealing?” — Kelley Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824165\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824165\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiano ‘Sabià’ Pinheiro with his daughter at their home in Walnut Creek on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Additional Resources\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Children’s Community School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has a comprehensive list of resources and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.childrenscommunityschool.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/theyre-not-too-young-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one-pager\u003c/a> with links to guide parents in discussing race with children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is guidance for talking about race from the \u003ca href=\"https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Museum of African American History and Culture\u003c/a>, and from \u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-have-tough-conversation-about-race-racism-and-racial-identity-180975034/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Smithsonian Magazine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ibram X. Kendi, author of forthcoming \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/AntiRacist-Baby-Ibram-X-Kendi/dp/0593110412\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Antiracist Baby board book,\u003c/a> and co-author of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lbyr.com/titles/jason-reynolds/stamped-racism-antiracism-and-you/9780316453691/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stamped: Racism, Antiracism and You\u003c/a> for young adults, has recently appeared on a number of podcasts such as \u003ca href=\"https://brenebrown.com/podcast/brene-with-ibram-x-kendi-on-how-to-be-an-antiracist/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Unlocking Us\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.prettygooddesign.org/blog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">compilation of resources\u003c/a> from Katrina Michie with age-appropriate resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional anti-racism resources in \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1rZX6ovsbv90eId_EVUxynq-KDNqLE9iiZJuBKxCrsrQ/mobilebasic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">French\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.educatolerancia.com/racismo-xenofobia-recursos-educativos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spanish\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aufstehen-gegen-rassismus.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">German \u003c/a>are also available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>More resources to add? Let me know: lsarah@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Families and experts weigh in on the importance of talking about race in multiracial households.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1592004174,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":45,"wordCount":2204},"headData":{"title":"How to Talk to Multiracial Kids About Race | KQED","description":"Families and experts weigh in on the importance of talking about race in multiracial households.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How to Talk to Multiracial Kids About Race","datePublished":"2020-06-12T20:18:27.000Z","dateModified":"2020-06-12T23:22:54.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11824154 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11824154","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2020/06/12/how-to-talk-to-multiracial-kids-about-race/","disqusTitle":"How to Talk to Multiracial Kids About Race","source":"News","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/","path":"/news/11824154/how-to-talk-to-multiracial-kids-about-race","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>June 12 is celebrated as “Loving Day,” a day commemorating \u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/topics/civil-rights-movement/loving-v-virginia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Loving v. Virginia\u003c/a> — the landmark 1967 Supreme Court case that declared laws against interracial marriage unconstitutional in the United States. With this in mind, we spoke with a few Bay Area families and experts on the importance of talking about race in multiracial families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro identifies as Filipino American and works in the education field. She lives in Walnut Creek with her husband, who is Afro-Brazilian, and their two daughters, ages 7 and 3-years-old.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is the right way to educate a 7-year-old who's, like, half farts, half losing her teeth? And also 10% attention span?” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At home, they are doing history lessons she calls “American heroes are Black women.” Baltazar-Pinheiro calls to her daughter to see if she remembers who they talked about the last few days — Rosa Parks, Ida B. Wells and Shirley Chisholm. Her daughter recounts the names, with a few small hints.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'If you think your whiteness will protect your mixed kids from this country as it currently stands, you’re misguided.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro, mother to two daughters, ages 3 and 7-years-old","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baltazar-Pinheiro recommends others in mixed race families educate themselves, especially since there are so many ways to do it now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think your whiteness will protect your mixed kids from this country as it currently stands, you’re misguided,” she said. “We have words and we have language to talk about … race and class and gender — and gender fluidity and how we all want to live in this world. I just want to teach her the words that she needs so that she can always express herself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Baltazar-Pinheiro, it’s also important for families to talk to extended family. “Talk to your brother who doesn't really like your husband, but has decided that he's a pretty good guy,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a 16-year-old boy and 4-year-old girl, Melanie Carvalho is balancing how to talk in an age-appropriate way with both of her children. Carvalho is white, and is a former educator who taught for 20 years in the Bay Area. She now lives in Orange County with her husband who is originally from Cape Verde, West Africa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carvalho said her older son is not really interested in talking, but she still tries to prompt him with questions. With her daughter, she's focusing on honoring her skin, hair and body for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We haven't taken it to that next level that some people are treated unfairly — it's scary because you talk about the psychological impact of them internalizing that. And I guess I want to build up her self-confidence first,” Carvalho said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her son, one of his first experiences facing race came in nursery school when a white student said, “You can’t play with me because you’re black.” Her son’s response at the time was to put black marker on his leg to show that clearly he was not that color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carvalho said she fears for her son on a more external level. “Part of that is that he is pretty solid on who he is,” but she said the world may see him as something else. For her daughter, Carvalho views her identity as being more about her self concept. “I worry that she will fall into these habits of wanting lighter skin, straighter hair. ... So I guess that's why I focus on helping her loving her hair, her skin, loving herself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824163\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824163\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43637_001_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro, Fabiano Pinheiro, Eva Lourdes, 7, and Stella Marèsol, 3, at their home in Walnut Creek on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>What the Experts Say: 'It's Not a One-Time Conversation'\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In order to get deeper into these complex questions and offer practical advice, KQED consulted a few experts. This advice is intentionally specific to multiracial families since \u003ca href=\"https://jenniferharvey.org/raising-antiracist-white-kids-course/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">resources\u003c/a> are more \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/03/869071246/how-white-parents-can-talk-to-their-kids-about-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">widely available for white families,\u003c/a> and many Black families are often already familiar with \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WfVrNtP6q68\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">these conversations\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Christia Spears Brown is an author, researcher and professor of developmental psychology.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says that kids, and even siblings in multiracial families may view race in different ways. “They all come at it from a really different perspective,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She emphasizes the importance of talking about race because kids are already noticing differences from a very early age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'It’s not just a one time conversation, but it's very, very, very much a part of the whole family dynamic.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Kelley Kenney, counselor","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spears Brown acknowledges that all situations are different, but overall, “All of this is about parents — in the context of multiracial kids — recognizing that their kids may have experiences that are very different than their own.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also spoke with Mark and Kelley Kenney, who are both counselors teaching and working in academic settings. They co-authored the book Counseling Multiracial Families and led the writing of \u003ca href=\"https://www.counseling.org/docs/default-source/competencies/competencies-for-counseling-the-multiracial-population-2-2-15-final.pdf?\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Competencies for Counseling the Multiracial Population\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's kind of interesting to me that, on some level, things have shifted,” Kelley Kenney said, when thinking back on their years of studying the topic. “But, you know, we're still dealing with the same inherent issue of racism and bias and lack of understanding. … I'm hoping that we're moving forward in at least starting to dialogue more about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kelley Kenney said talking about race within family is not just a singular event. “It’s not just a one time conversation, but it's very, very, very much a part of the whole family dynamic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824164\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824164\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43638_002_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eva Lourdes, 7, in her home next to a learning exercise called 'American Heroes are Black Women' on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Know Your History and Take Time to Educate Yourself\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“In cases where the relationship involves a white partner for whom this is perhaps their first interactions … dealing with issues of slavery, it is important to spend some time being honest with folks and really talking about what that all means in terms of how they want to proceed in a relationship and a family and all of those things.” — Mark Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Don't Be Scared to Talk About Race\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“The big one is to not be scared of the topic or to think that you're introducing a concept of race to a child who has no concept of race. The reality is, kids know and think about race very early in infancy. They start by three, four, five. They're noticing it. Thinking about it. And so parents can't shy away from those conversations. Parents can feel uncomfortable, particularly if parents are in a different racial group than the kid is.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Talk With Your Partner\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Partners need to talk among themselves about race and racism and what their experiences have been, and what they want their relationship to be, what they want their family to be. It's sort of about some racial socialization, if you will, between partners themselves before they even start to talk about, what it is to talk about these things in a family context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Also making sure that the family dynamic includes openness and honesty. Also including expectations for extended family, in terms of addressing issues of race and racism.\" — Kelley Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Talk About Your Child’s Identity Positively\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Talking about the positive parts of culture, kind of thinking about all the great ways your culture has contributed to society, kind of cultural pride. … We know a positive view of ethnic identity is really protective in the face of discrimination. That helps buffer all sorts of negative aspects of society. You really have to be very proud of your culture and your ethnicity.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Discuss Stereotypes and Difference\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“How can you as parents help protect kids from those experiences? And the answer is, it's somewhat counterintuitive. It's not shielding them from that part of their ethnicity. It's really leaning in to that part of their ethnicity because leaning into it is what's protective.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824167\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824167\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43646_013_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarah Baltazar-Pinheiro and her daughter paint in their garage on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Take a Proactive Stance — Don’t Assume Your Child Is Immune\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“First of all, it begins with the parents having a conversation, again, with themselves about how they want to raise their children. With respect to discussions of race and racism, et cetera. And then talking about their socialization practices, that should include how they instill a sense of cultural and racial pride, how they prepare children to deal with racial bias, how they talk about issues of white privilege in the home. Again, I can't emphasize enough the importance of being proactive versus reactive.” — Mark Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We want our kids to recognize when they're being treated unfairly because of race. Parents might think 'well, but we wouldn't want them to be overly sensitive.' But the reality is, if they don't blame race or ethnic bias, instead they're going to blame themselves.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that things like support seeking are helpful. So talking to a teacher or talking to a friend or talking to the parent is a really helpful way to cope with discrimination. We know that saying something, being kind of active or having some kind of action plan is really helpful for kids to cope with it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want our kids to recognize when they're being treated unfairly because of race. Parents might think 'well, but we wouldn't want them to be overly sensitive.' But the reality is, if they don't blame race or ethnic bias, instead they're going to blame themselves. We don't want kids to be overly quick to jump to labeling discrimination, but we want to make sure that they label it correctly when it does happen, because it's better than blaming themselves. Because we do know that that's actually worse for self-esteem and a sense of competence.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Ask Questions and Use Media to Start a Conversation\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>“Inquiry is a really good way to know … where they are. What do you think? Why do you think this show only has people that were white? Why do you think this is going on in this book? Asking kids questions and letting them come up with a good solution. One good thing about asking kids questions, is it will stay with them, then kids can understand because they are the ones kind of leading the conversation. And so that way they can kind of lead what they're capable of absorbing at that moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"george-floyd","label":"related coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Media is a great way to talk — it's a great organic way to have conversation. Books are great conversation starters. You can read it and then you can ask a couple of questions and have a conversation about it. ... The one to two minute talks I think are the most meaningful, especially when they are a regular part of childhood. Whenever you see inequalities or stereotypes, calling them out.” — Christia Spears Brown, developmental psychologist\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ensure that you have books, toys, images, dolls that represent everyone. So you have to be purposeful and intentional.” — Mark Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my experience, books are always a good starting point. Reading about someone else's experiences and then discussing how the child is reacting to the different character and how did they think that the character is dealing?” — Kelley Kenney, counselor\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11824165\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11824165\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS43639_004_KQED_WalnutCreek_BaltazarFamily_06112020-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fabiano ‘Sabià’ Pinheiro with his daughter at their home in Walnut Creek on June 11, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>Additional Resources\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The Children’s Community School in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has a comprehensive list of resources and a \u003ca href=\"http://www.childrenscommunityschool.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/theyre-not-too-young-1.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">one-pager\u003c/a> with links to guide parents in discussing race with children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is guidance for talking about race from the \u003ca href=\"https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">National Museum of African American History and Culture\u003c/a>, and from \u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-have-tough-conversation-about-race-racism-and-racial-identity-180975034/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Smithsonian Magazine\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ibram X. Kendi, author of forthcoming \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/AntiRacist-Baby-Ibram-X-Kendi/dp/0593110412\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Antiracist Baby board book,\u003c/a> and co-author of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.lbyr.com/titles/jason-reynolds/stamped-racism-antiracism-and-you/9780316453691/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stamped: Racism, Antiracism and You\u003c/a> for young adults, has recently appeared on a number of podcasts such as \u003ca href=\"https://brenebrown.com/podcast/brene-with-ibram-x-kendi-on-how-to-be-an-antiracist/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Unlocking Us\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is a \u003ca href=\"https://www.prettygooddesign.org/blog/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">compilation of resources\u003c/a> from Katrina Michie with age-appropriate resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additional anti-racism resources in \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/u/1/d/1rZX6ovsbv90eId_EVUxynq-KDNqLE9iiZJuBKxCrsrQ/mobilebasic\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">French\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.educatolerancia.com/racismo-xenofobia-recursos-educativos/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Spanish\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.aufstehen-gegen-rassismus.de/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">German \u003c/a>are also available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>More resources to add? Let me know: lsarah@kqed.org\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11824154/how-to-talk-to-multiracial-kids-about-race","authors":["11626"],"categories":["news_223","news_8"],"tags":["news_28095","news_20013","news_28094","news_28096","news_28093","news_28092","news_1100","news_20219","news_16988"],"featImg":"news_11824161","label":"source_news_11824154"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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