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"content": "\u003cp>In an unprecedented move, the National Park Service has decided to dip into entrance fee funds to pay for expanded operations during a government shutdown that has furloughed many of its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision comes after reports of degradation in the parks — trash thrown on the ground, human waste piling up and visitors behaving irresponsibly by letting their dogs off leash or even driving off-road to do doughnuts in the desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715934/outgoing-us-interior-secretary-defends-legacy-as-he-leaves-tells-park-visitors-to-grab-a-trash-bag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shutdown Delays Yosemite Death Probe, Spurs More National Park Closures\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715934/outgoing-us-interior-secretary-defends-legacy-as-he-leaves-tells-park-visitors-to-grab-a-trash-bag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/Getty-151376605-Vernal-Falls.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/5676134/National-Park-Service-s-Revised-Contingency-Plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">revised contingency plan\u003c/a>, obtained and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-environment/2019/01/06/park-service-takes-extraordinary-step-dipping-into-entrance-fees-bolster-operations-popular-sites/?utm_term=.c61d5c50fef9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported by\u003c/a> The Washington Post, did not specify how many agency employees would return to work, nor which parks would receive the additional staffing funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1207/updatelapse.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> earlier Sunday, the National Park Service said the funds would not be able to fully open parks and that many of the smaller sites around the country will remain closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"NPS will begin to use these funds to clean up trash that has built up at numerous parks, clean and maintain restrooms, bring additional law enforcement rangers into parks to patrol accessible areas, and to restore accessibility to areas that would typically be accessible this time of year,\" the agency wrote in the press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 115 of the agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/entrance-fee-prices.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">418 park sites collect entrance fees\u003c/a>. The Washington Post \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-environment/2019/01/06/park-service-takes-extraordinary-step-dipping-into-entrance-fees-bolster-operations-popular-sites/?utm_term=.c61d5c50fef9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported that\u003c/a> the Interior Department's acting secretary, David Bernhardt, asked for a list of parks that would expand their operations by using money from park fees and those that don't collect fees but have a demonstrated need for additional funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service move may violate appropriations law since park fees collected under the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act are designated toward visitor services, not toward operations and basic maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An Imperfect Solution\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some park advocates, like Sabra Purdy, co-owner of a \u003ca href=\"https://cliffhangerguides.com/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rock climbing guide service\u003c/a> that operates in Joshua Tree National Park, worry that dipping into the park fees would deplete the funds for future park services.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parks Dealing With Vandals, Human Waste in Shutdown\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-178312467-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She said it was especially concerning given the fact that many of these parks have already lost a significant amount of park fee money — sometimes in the millions of dollars — by not collecting fees over the holiday season, when many of them have increased visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we allocate what fees have been collected before to this temporary stopgap emergency funding, we'll really be robbing Peter to pay Paul,\" she said. \"I don't think it's a great long-term solution, but I understand why people want to do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Purdy supports the move, although reluctantly, because she would like to see park workers get paid, and she thinks national parks could use the resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As national parks have remained open yet understaffed over the past two weeks, Purdy and dozens of others across the country have volunteered to fill in for the missing workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been masquerading as a park service janitor for the last 16 days along with many, many other people,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid stories of heaps of human waste and garbage collecting in national parks, forcing some to close, these volunteers have kept some parks open and in pristine shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Toilet Paper Angels' Cleaned Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing Purdy's husband and business co-owner, Seth Zaharias, did the morning after the partial government shutdown began on Dec. 22 was go to Walmart and spend $100 on toilet paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaharias knew that one of the first problems with not having park service workers around would be the bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With no one to clean, empty and maintain the trash cans and bathrooms, Zaharias worried that trash — and human feces — would pile up and conditions would worsen to the point of shuttering the park. \"I knew a disaster was coming, and I wasn't going to let the federal government ruin my home,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Purdy then \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/JoshuaTreeRockclimbing/posts/2180497112002487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">posted on Facebook\u003c/a>, inviting others to join them in cleaning the park, and it quickly grew into a grassroots volunteer movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716115/locals-pick-up-the-slack-and-the-trash-as-government-shutdown-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Locals Pick Up the Slack (and the Trash) as Government Shutdown Continues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716115/locals-pick-up-the-slack-and-the-trash-as-government-shutdown-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34624_10773544416_IMG_0235-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Now, the couple has an open meeting at their shop every morning where they organize the cleanup effort with anyone who shows up. On any given day, 10 to 50 people will show up. Last Saturday, 40 people came.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubbed the \"Toilet Paper Angels,\" the volunteers working with Purdy, Zaharias and two local nonprofits — Friends of Joshua Tree and the Joshua Tree Climber's Collective — are bringing in hundreds of rolls of toilet paper into the park every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work they have to do in the bathrooms is far from divine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've seen multiple toilets covered in diarrhea,\" Zaharias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to cleaning and restocking the bathrooms, volunteers are also using trucks and trailers to haul trash out of overflowing dumpsters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The trash would have been overflowing and blowing across the desert if it wasn't for the volunteers,\" Purdy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one day alone, Purdy said volunteers collectively hauled out about 4,000 pounds of trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Efforts to Clean the Park Are Not Sustainable\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleaning the parks is hard, unglamorous work, but Zaharias said that volunteers at Joshua Tree National Park are committed to continuing every day until the shutdown ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not only is this the place that puts food on our table, but it's a place we hold sacred,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Realistically though, despite nearly $11,000 in donations to support their efforts, Zaharias estimated that volunteers can sustain the amount of time and resources that they are pouring in for only a few more weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news of the National Park Service's decision brought some relief to his wife. Purdy hopes that Joshua Tree National Park will be one of the ones chosen for additional staff resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it is, she hopes that National Park Service janitors will be some of the first staffers to come back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In an unprecedented move, the National Park Service has decided to dip into entrance fee funds to pay for expanded operations during a government shutdown that has furloughed many of its workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision comes after reports of degradation in the parks — trash thrown on the ground, human waste piling up and visitors behaving irresponsibly by letting their dogs off leash or even driving off-road to do doughnuts in the desert.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715934/outgoing-us-interior-secretary-defends-legacy-as-he-leaves-tells-park-visitors-to-grab-a-trash-bag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Shutdown Delays Yosemite Death Probe, Spurs More National Park Closures\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715934/outgoing-us-interior-secretary-defends-legacy-as-he-leaves-tells-park-visitors-to-grab-a-trash-bag\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/Getty-151376605-Vernal-Falls.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://assets.documentcloud.org/documents/5676134/National-Park-Service-s-Revised-Contingency-Plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">revised contingency plan\u003c/a>, obtained and \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-environment/2019/01/06/park-service-takes-extraordinary-step-dipping-into-entrance-fees-bolster-operations-popular-sites/?utm_term=.c61d5c50fef9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported by\u003c/a> The Washington Post, did not specify how many agency employees would return to work, nor which parks would receive the additional staffing funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/orgs/1207/updatelapse.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">press release\u003c/a> earlier Sunday, the National Park Service said the funds would not be able to fully open parks and that many of the smaller sites around the country will remain closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"NPS will begin to use these funds to clean up trash that has built up at numerous parks, clean and maintain restrooms, bring additional law enforcement rangers into parks to patrol accessible areas, and to restore accessibility to areas that would typically be accessible this time of year,\" the agency wrote in the press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only 115 of the agency's \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/entrance-fee-prices.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">418 park sites collect entrance fees\u003c/a>. The Washington Post \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/energy-environment/2019/01/06/park-service-takes-extraordinary-step-dipping-into-entrance-fees-bolster-operations-popular-sites/?utm_term=.c61d5c50fef9\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">reported that\u003c/a> the Interior Department's acting secretary, David Bernhardt, asked for a list of parks that would expand their operations by using money from park fees and those that don't collect fees but have a demonstrated need for additional funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service move may violate appropriations law since park fees collected under the Federal Lands Recreation Enhancement Act are designated toward visitor services, not toward operations and basic maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>An Imperfect Solution\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some park advocates, like Sabra Purdy, co-owner of a \u003ca href=\"https://cliffhangerguides.com/about-us/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rock climbing guide service\u003c/a> that operates in Joshua Tree National Park, worry that dipping into the park fees would deplete the funds for future park services.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parks Dealing With Vandals, Human Waste in Shutdown\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715467/national-parks-dealing-with-vandals-human-waste-in-shutdown\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/GettyImages-178312467-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>She said it was especially concerning given the fact that many of these parks have already lost a significant amount of park fee money — sometimes in the millions of dollars — by not collecting fees over the holiday season, when many of them have increased visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If we allocate what fees have been collected before to this temporary stopgap emergency funding, we'll really be robbing Peter to pay Paul,\" she said. \"I don't think it's a great long-term solution, but I understand why people want to do it.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, Purdy supports the move, although reluctantly, because she would like to see park workers get paid, and she thinks national parks could use the resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As national parks have remained open yet understaffed over the past two weeks, Purdy and dozens of others across the country have volunteered to fill in for the missing workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've been masquerading as a park service janitor for the last 16 days along with many, many other people,\" she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amid stories of heaps of human waste and garbage collecting in national parks, forcing some to close, these volunteers have kept some parks open and in pristine shape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Toilet Paper Angels' Cleaned Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing Purdy's husband and business co-owner, Seth Zaharias, did the morning after the partial government shutdown began on Dec. 22 was go to Walmart and spend $100 on toilet paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zaharias knew that one of the first problems with not having park service workers around would be the bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With no one to clean, empty and maintain the trash cans and bathrooms, Zaharias worried that trash — and human feces — would pile up and conditions would worsen to the point of shuttering the park. \"I knew a disaster was coming, and I wasn't going to let the federal government ruin my home,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Purdy then \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/JoshuaTreeRockclimbing/posts/2180497112002487\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">posted on Facebook\u003c/a>, inviting others to join them in cleaning the park, and it quickly grew into a grassroots volunteer movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716115/locals-pick-up-the-slack-and-the-trash-as-government-shutdown-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Locals Pick Up the Slack (and the Trash) as Government Shutdown Continues\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11716115/locals-pick-up-the-slack-and-the-trash-as-government-shutdown-continues\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/RS34624_10773544416_IMG_0235-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Now, the couple has an open meeting at their shop every morning where they organize the cleanup effort with anyone who shows up. On any given day, 10 to 50 people will show up. Last Saturday, 40 people came.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubbed the \"Toilet Paper Angels,\" the volunteers working with Purdy, Zaharias and two local nonprofits — Friends of Joshua Tree and the Joshua Tree Climber's Collective — are bringing in hundreds of rolls of toilet paper into the park every day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work they have to do in the bathrooms is far from divine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I've seen multiple toilets covered in diarrhea,\" Zaharias said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to cleaning and restocking the bathrooms, volunteers are also using trucks and trailers to haul trash out of overflowing dumpsters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The trash would have been overflowing and blowing across the desert if it wasn't for the volunteers,\" Purdy said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one day alone, Purdy said volunteers collectively hauled out about 4,000 pounds of trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Efforts to Clean the Park Are Not Sustainable\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cleaning the parks is hard, unglamorous work, but Zaharias said that volunteers at Joshua Tree National Park are committed to continuing every day until the shutdown ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Not only is this the place that puts food on our table, but it's a place we hold sacred,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Realistically though, despite nearly $11,000 in donations to support their efforts, Zaharias estimated that volunteers can sustain the amount of time and resources that they are pouring in for only a few more weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The news of the National Park Service's decision brought some relief to his wife. Purdy hopes that Joshua Tree National Park will be one of the ones chosen for additional staff resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it is, she hopes that National Park Service janitors will be some of the first staffers to come back to work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "'An Eerie Silence' on Federal Lands Where Workers Have Been Furloughed",
"title": "'An Eerie Silence' on Federal Lands Where Workers Have Been Furloughed",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The government shutdown has forced the partial or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715934/outgoing-us-interior-secretary-defends-legacy-as-he-leaves-tells-park-visitors-to-grab-a-trash-bag\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">complete closure\u003c/a> of some of the nation's most popular national parks and has furloughed thousands of federal land agency workers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means all kinds of under-the-radar, yet critical, work has mostly stopped — from timber sales to wildfire prevention projects to the general upkeep and enforcement of laws on millions of acres of U.S. public lands. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an eerie silence,\" says John Wentworth, a councilman in the Eastern Sierra town of Mammoth Lakes. \"The folks that are responsible for stewarding, maintaining and watching out for one of the great legacies of the United States are absent; they're gone.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mammoth Lakes is completely surrounded — and largely dependent on — U.S. public lands. That includes the adjacent ski resort, which operates on a U.S. Forest Service lease. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown has coincided with one of the town's busiest seasons. Suddenly there's no one staffing area visitor centers or popular trailheads for snowshoeing, snowmobiling. There's no one to interact with visitors, enforce the rules and just manage the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of scary,\" Wentworth says. \"We don't know what to tell our visitors; we don't know how to be good hosts and stewards of these public lands because the federal presence is not there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wentworth's anxiety is familiar to communities across the West that promote themselves as gateways to massive expanses of U.S. public lands. Much of that land is open to the public and to everything from natural resource extraction to outdoor recreation. The latter contributes billions to the U.S. economy, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bea.gov/data/special-topics/outdoor-recreation\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">several recent studies\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11716103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/utah_wide-544c1de1f1a623af630e5c3ba21b2bcdadc8f57d-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Bureau of Land Management land in the southern Utah desert. The partial federal government shutdown has furloughed thousands of land agency workers, leaving work on critical projects mostly stopped.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11716103\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bureau of Land Management land in the southern Utah desert. The partial federal government shutdown has furloughed thousands of land agency workers, leaving work on critical projects mostly stopped. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when your landlord is suddenly unreachable, almost everything is thrown into limbo. About half of all of California is federal land. Next door in Nevada it's more like 80 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sure, there are lots of citizens out there that will pick up trash, but the larger landscape planning issues, they're not being addressed,\" says Jaina Moan of The Nature Conservancy's Nevada chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, groups like The Nature Conservancy have played a big role in large collaborative conservation and other development projects on federal land, such as programs that help improve rangeland for ranchers and reduce wildfire risk in national forests. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moan's group can keep working on the side, but they can't access certain lands or the federal scientists who work on them. And big collaborative meetings about these projects are postponed indefinitely. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Like most of America, we hope that Congress and the president can resolve this soon because we need those government partnerships to work so that we can make sure that the conservation of our lands and waters can continue,\" Moan says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Westerners have been watching for years as funding for federal lands agencies and infrastructure has generally been on the decline. John Wentworth of the Mammoth Lakes town council says local governments like his have been trying to plan around this new reality, launching partnerships to pool resources and get some of the work done that was traditionally the federal government's responsibility. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So that if these spasms that come out of Washington due to unprecedented, existential, partisan craziness, we will have partnerships and working relationships in place to be able to mitigate these effects,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, his town is partnering with the Forest Service to remove trash and staff area trailheads. But this latest shutdown, Wentworth says, happened so quickly there was no time for even short-term contingency plans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27An+Eerie+Silence%27+Where+Federal+Land+Agency+Workers+Are+Furloughed+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The government shutdown has forced the partial or \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11715934/outgoing-us-interior-secretary-defends-legacy-as-he-leaves-tells-park-visitors-to-grab-a-trash-bag\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">complete closure\u003c/a> of some of the nation's most popular national parks and has furloughed thousands of federal land agency workers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means all kinds of under-the-radar, yet critical, work has mostly stopped — from timber sales to wildfire prevention projects to the general upkeep and enforcement of laws on millions of acres of U.S. public lands. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's an eerie silence,\" says John Wentworth, a councilman in the Eastern Sierra town of Mammoth Lakes. \"The folks that are responsible for stewarding, maintaining and watching out for one of the great legacies of the United States are absent; they're gone.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mammoth Lakes is completely surrounded — and largely dependent on — U.S. public lands. That includes the adjacent ski resort, which operates on a U.S. Forest Service lease. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown has coincided with one of the town's busiest seasons. Suddenly there's no one staffing area visitor centers or popular trailheads for snowshoeing, snowmobiling. There's no one to interact with visitors, enforce the rules and just manage the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's kind of scary,\" Wentworth says. \"We don't know what to tell our visitors; we don't know how to be good hosts and stewards of these public lands because the federal presence is not there.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wentworth's anxiety is familiar to communities across the West that promote themselves as gateways to massive expanses of U.S. public lands. Much of that land is open to the public and to everything from natural resource extraction to outdoor recreation. The latter contributes billions to the U.S. economy, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.bea.gov/data/special-topics/outdoor-recreation\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">several recent studies\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11716103\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/utah_wide-544c1de1f1a623af630e5c3ba21b2bcdadc8f57d-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Bureau of Land Management land in the southern Utah desert. The partial federal government shutdown has furloughed thousands of land agency workers, leaving work on critical projects mostly stopped.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11716103\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bureau of Land Management land in the southern Utah desert. The partial federal government shutdown has furloughed thousands of land agency workers, leaving work on critical projects mostly stopped. \u003ccite>(Kirk Siegler/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So when your landlord is suddenly unreachable, almost everything is thrown into limbo. About half of all of California is federal land. Next door in Nevada it's more like 80 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Sure, there are lots of citizens out there that will pick up trash, but the larger landscape planning issues, they're not being addressed,\" says Jaina Moan of The Nature Conservancy's Nevada chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, groups like The Nature Conservancy have played a big role in large collaborative conservation and other development projects on federal land, such as programs that help improve rangeland for ranchers and reduce wildfire risk in national forests. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moan's group can keep working on the side, but they can't access certain lands or the federal scientists who work on them. And big collaborative meetings about these projects are postponed indefinitely. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Like most of America, we hope that Congress and the president can resolve this soon because we need those government partnerships to work so that we can make sure that the conservation of our lands and waters can continue,\" Moan says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Westerners have been watching for years as funding for federal lands agencies and infrastructure has generally been on the decline. John Wentworth of the Mammoth Lakes town council says local governments like his have been trying to plan around this new reality, launching partnerships to pool resources and get some of the work done that was traditionally the federal government's responsibility. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"So that if these spasms that come out of Washington due to unprecedented, existential, partisan craziness, we will have partnerships and working relationships in place to be able to mitigate these effects,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, his town is partnering with the Forest Service to remove trash and staff area trailheads. But this latest shutdown, Wentworth says, happened so quickly there was no time for even short-term contingency plans. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=%27An+Eerie+Silence%27+Where+Federal+Land+Agency+Workers+Are+Furloughed+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Fallout Grows as Partial Government Shutdown Drags on Into New Year",
"title": "Fallout Grows as Partial Government Shutdown Drags on Into New Year",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Christmas season is typically one of the busiest times of the year at \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> in California, as rock climbers and car campers flock to the high desert getaway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cactus and the campers are there this year, as usual. But the rangers who ordinarily patrol the park have been sent packing by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/27/680506057/trump-leading-democrats-fault-each-other-as-partial-shutdown-heads-into-2019\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the spending standoff in Washington\u003c/a> that has forced the shutdown of about a quarter of the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The visitors centers are closed,\" said John Lauretig, executive director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofjosh.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Friends of Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a>. \"All the bathrooms are still open, but they're not being maintained right now by the Park Service. So the local community has rallied together and started cleaning the bathrooms and restocking the toilet paper.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the partial government shutdown enters its second weekend with no sign of compromise on the horizon, Lauretig and others are digging in for what could be a long-term project. \"As the dumpsters fill up and the pit toilets fill up, what kinds of solutions can we make to solve those problems?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policymakers in Washington have offered little hope of a quick compromise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't tell you when the government's going to be open,\" President Trump told reporters this week. He's insisting that Congress provide $5 billion for his proposed border wall. Democrats, who are set to take control of the House next week, have refused. The stalemate has left nine major government departments — including Homeland Security, Interior and State — without spending authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the effects of the partial shutdown have been little more than an inconvenience to some and invisible to many. Some 400,000 critical federal employees have stayed on the job. And while they're not being paid at the moment, that impact won't really show up until their next paychecks, which are due Jan. 11. Still, the longer the shutdown drags on, the more widely the effects will be felt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1075217440trash_wide-d297eb985c3ea6b578cc567225a47f6eda6cb9f7-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Trash in a box overflows near the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., on December 27, 2018, as some government services have been stopped during a partial government shutdown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715190\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trash in a box overflows near the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., on December 27, 2018, as some government services have been stopped during a partial government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"More things will be shutting down,\" said Jacqueline Simon, policy director for the American Federation of Government Employees, the largest union of federal workers. \"There were a few agencies that are affected by the funding lapse that had a little bit of money left over to take them to the end of the year. But that money will be running out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-12/documents/planning_for_a_potential_lapse_in_funding_12-27-2018.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">EPA, for example\u003c/a>, had announced plans to halt operations at midnight Friday. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/update-smithsonian-statement-government-shutdown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smithsonian museums and the National Zoo\u003c/a> will \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/27/680596210/smithsonian-and-national-zoo-to-close-after-new-years-day-in-government-shutdown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">shutter their doors Jan. 2.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The food stamps program (officially known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP) and the school lunch program are funded through January but could take a hit if the shutdown continues beyond that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House economist Kevin Hassett predicted the shutdown would not do lasting damage to the U.S. economy. But he admitted it could cause a blip in the unemployment rate if hundreds of thousands of federal workers are still idle in a couple of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That would be more of a temporary thing,\" Hassett said. \"It's not something that we expect is really material for the outlook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715192\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/ap_18361782049005shutdown_wide-841697d7c63826a2ed1eb9b34f12492d20d73d06-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"People skate on the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden Ice Rink on Thursday, Dec. 27, 2018, as a partial government shutdown continues in Washington. The museum and the skate rink will be closed to the public after Jan. 2 as a result of the shutdown if it continues into the new year.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715192\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People skate on the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden Ice Rink on Thursday, Dec. 27, 2018, as a partial government shutdown continues in Washington. The museum and the skate rink will be closed to the public after Jan. 2 as a result of the shutdown if it continues into the new year. \u003ccite>(Jacquelyn Martin/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Social Security and Medicare payments are still being made, as usual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But applications for Federal Housing Administration-backed mortgages could be delayed. FEMA also rattled the housing market when it said it would stop selling flood insurance during the shutdown — a move that could have jeopardized some 40,000 home sales in flood-prone areas each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they can't get the flood insurance, they can't get the mortgage,\" said Allan Dechert, who heads the insurance committee for the National Association of Realtors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/news-release/2018/12/28/fema-resumes-selling-flood-insurance-policies-during-appropriations-lapse\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FEMA backtracked late Friday\u003c/a> and said it would resume selling flood insurance during the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at Joshua Tree National Park for now, volunteers will keep scrubbing toilets. But devotees say that's no substitute for the park rangers who ordinarily keep an eye on the Native American rock art and other history dotting the desert landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are rare and unique artifacts up there that need to be protected by a fully-staffed National Park Service staff,\" Lauretig said. \"My concern is right now those one-of-a-kind kind of things in the park are unprotected, unfortunately.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fallout+Grows+As+Partial+Government+Shutdown+Drags+On+Into+New+Year&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1074607874joshuatree_wide-37af2a911cfd17bde5b4006dcdf7b52fdf0cf0a1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Lone park ranger Dylan Moe at the entrance to Joshua Tree National Park provides park maps to visitors on Saturday, December 22, 2018. The park was open but its visitors center and other facilities were closed due to the partial government shutdown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715193\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lone park ranger Dylan Moe at the entrance to Joshua Tree National Park provides park maps to visitors on Saturday, December 22, 2018. The park was open but its visitors center and other facilities were closed due to the partial government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Irfan Khan/LA Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Christmas season is typically one of the busiest times of the year at \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> in California, as rock climbers and car campers flock to the high desert getaway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cactus and the campers are there this year, as usual. But the rangers who ordinarily patrol the park have been sent packing by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/27/680506057/trump-leading-democrats-fault-each-other-as-partial-shutdown-heads-into-2019\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">the spending standoff in Washington\u003c/a> that has forced the shutdown of about a quarter of the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The visitors centers are closed,\" said John Lauretig, executive director of the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"http://www.friendsofjosh.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Friends of Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a>. \"All the bathrooms are still open, but they're not being maintained right now by the Park Service. So the local community has rallied together and started cleaning the bathrooms and restocking the toilet paper.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the partial government shutdown enters its second weekend with no sign of compromise on the horizon, Lauretig and others are digging in for what could be a long-term project. \"As the dumpsters fill up and the pit toilets fill up, what kinds of solutions can we make to solve those problems?\" he asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Policymakers in Washington have offered little hope of a quick compromise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I can't tell you when the government's going to be open,\" President Trump told reporters this week. He's insisting that Congress provide $5 billion for his proposed border wall. Democrats, who are set to take control of the House next week, have refused. The stalemate has left nine major government departments — including Homeland Security, Interior and State — without spending authorization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the effects of the partial shutdown have been little more than an inconvenience to some and invisible to many. Some 400,000 critical federal employees have stayed on the job. And while they're not being paid at the moment, that impact won't really show up until their next paychecks, which are due Jan. 11. Still, the longer the shutdown drags on, the more widely the effects will be felt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715190\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1075217440trash_wide-d297eb985c3ea6b578cc567225a47f6eda6cb9f7-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Trash in a box overflows near the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., on December 27, 2018, as some government services have been stopped during a partial government shutdown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715190\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Trash in a box overflows near the Lincoln Memorial in Washington, D.C., on December 27, 2018, as some government services have been stopped during a partial government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Andrew Caballero-Reynolds/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"More things will be shutting down,\" said Jacqueline Simon, policy director for the American Federation of Government Employees, the largest union of federal workers. \"There were a few agencies that are affected by the funding lapse that had a little bit of money left over to take them to the end of the year. But that money will be running out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2018-12/documents/planning_for_a_potential_lapse_in_funding_12-27-2018.pdf\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">EPA, for example\u003c/a>, had announced plans to halt operations at midnight Friday. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.si.edu/newsdesk/releases/update-smithsonian-statement-government-shutdown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Smithsonian museums and the National Zoo\u003c/a> will \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/12/27/680596210/smithsonian-and-national-zoo-to-close-after-new-years-day-in-government-shutdown\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">shutter their doors Jan. 2.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The food stamps program (officially known as the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, or SNAP) and the school lunch program are funded through January but could take a hit if the shutdown continues beyond that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White House economist Kevin Hassett predicted the shutdown would not do lasting damage to the U.S. economy. But he admitted it could cause a blip in the unemployment rate if hundreds of thousands of federal workers are still idle in a couple of weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That would be more of a temporary thing,\" Hassett said. \"It's not something that we expect is really material for the outlook.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715192\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/ap_18361782049005shutdown_wide-841697d7c63826a2ed1eb9b34f12492d20d73d06-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"People skate on the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden Ice Rink on Thursday, Dec. 27, 2018, as a partial government shutdown continues in Washington. The museum and the skate rink will be closed to the public after Jan. 2 as a result of the shutdown if it continues into the new year.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715192\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People skate on the National Gallery of Art Sculpture Garden Ice Rink on Thursday, Dec. 27, 2018, as a partial government shutdown continues in Washington. The museum and the skate rink will be closed to the public after Jan. 2 as a result of the shutdown if it continues into the new year. \u003ccite>(Jacquelyn Martin/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Social Security and Medicare payments are still being made, as usual.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But applications for Federal Housing Administration-backed mortgages could be delayed. FEMA also rattled the housing market when it said it would stop selling flood insurance during the shutdown — a move that could have jeopardized some 40,000 home sales in flood-prone areas each month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If they can't get the flood insurance, they can't get the mortgage,\" said Allan Dechert, who heads the insurance committee for the National Association of Realtors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fema.gov/news-release/2018/12/28/fema-resumes-selling-flood-insurance-policies-during-appropriations-lapse\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">FEMA backtracked late Friday\u003c/a> and said it would resume selling flood insurance during the shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at Joshua Tree National Park for now, volunteers will keep scrubbing toilets. But devotees say that's no substitute for the park rangers who ordinarily keep an eye on the Native American rock art and other history dotting the desert landscape.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are rare and unique artifacts up there that need to be protected by a fully-staffed National Park Service staff,\" Lauretig said. \"My concern is right now those one-of-a-kind kind of things in the park are unprotected, unfortunately.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit https://www.npr.org.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Fallout+Grows+As+Partial+Government+Shutdown+Drags+On+Into+New+Year&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11715193\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/gettyimages-1074607874joshuatree_wide-37af2a911cfd17bde5b4006dcdf7b52fdf0cf0a1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Lone park ranger Dylan Moe at the entrance to Joshua Tree National Park provides park maps to visitors on Saturday, December 22, 2018. The park was open but its visitors center and other facilities were closed due to the partial government shutdown.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11715193\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lone park ranger Dylan Moe at the entrance to Joshua Tree National Park provides park maps to visitors on Saturday, December 22, 2018. The park was open but its visitors center and other facilities were closed due to the partial government shutdown. \u003ccite>(Irfan Khan/LA Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-brief-history-of-bear-proofing-in-yosemite-from-canisters-to-a-garbage-dump",
"title": "A Brief History of Bear-Proofing In Yosemite, From a Garbage Dump to Canisters",
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"headTitle": "A Brief History of Bear-Proofing In Yosemite, From a Garbage Dump to Canisters | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Ah, the tranquil sounds of Yosemite Valley in the summertime. Robins singing, leaves rustling in the wind and the loud booming noise of a bear locker being slammed shut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are the sweet, sweet sounds of camping in bear country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you camp in Yosemite and other parks with black bears, you can’t just leave your food out on the picnic table or even in your car overnight. You have to store it in a weird contraption called a bear locker, a large metal box that bears cannot open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to go backpacking in Yosemite, up to the top of Half Dome or down to the majestic Tuolumne River, you have to keep all of your food in a portable bear-proof canister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This problem of bears wanting to eat human food in places like Yosemite, it’s a problem we humans created. And for decades, people have been inventing solutions to try to solve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The canister, the locker — all of those things were basically invented here in Yosemite,” says Rachel Mazur, Chief of Wildlife and Visitor Use for Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the problem that these inventions were created to solve?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem was not invented here,” Mazur says, “but we sure did a good job of making it a tough one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“In your car, you turn to ‘Classic Rock;’ here you get a bear”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Leahy is on patrol in Yosemite Valley. Leahy looks kind of like a cop — sunglasses, a uniform with a vest full of pockets. He’s armed with a radio and binoculars. Leahy’s a biologist; he’s patrolling for bears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we slowly drive along a back road in Yosemite Valley, he sticks a hand-held antenna out the window. There are up to 500 bears in the park, and Leahy and his team have put GPS and radio collars on a handful of them to be able to track them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Essentially they have radio frequency and we have a receiver,” he explains. When Leahy listens to different frequencies using his antenna, he can hear the beeping noise coming from different bears’ collars. “Like in your car you turn to 104.1 classic rock, but here you get you get a different bear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beeping speeds up. “The bear’s pretty close,” Leahy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s plenty of natural food for bears to eat in Yosemite, but they’ve learned that swiping coolers and grocery bags is just easier. So Leahy and his team monitor the bears to try and prevent them from ever getting a taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy’s park radio interrupts our quiet listening. One of Leahy’s crew members is trying to get a hold of him, because a mamma bear and cub have been reported in a campground on the opposite side of the park. Then his work cell phone rings. It turns out there’s even another bear down here in the valley. He’s got to move quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s a bear in the campground in the middle of the day going after human food,” he explains, “it’s going to probably get worse fast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pulls over into a parking lot so he can make a plan, which turns out to maybe be a bad idea because now he’s a sitting duck for tourist questions. In the middle of all this chaos, a park visitor approaches his truck window. “Hey, where’s Half Dome?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, the giant granite monolith visible from most places in Yosemite Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy is nothing but professional. “After you take a left at the stop sign, look right on the bridge; you’ll see Half Dome. It’s huge. You can’t miss it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than four million people visit Yosemite each year, most only for a day. Many are first-timers and don’t even know their way around the park, let alone how to behave in bear country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bears take advantage of that ignorance, which is why Leahy’s got to get on the road, and drive to the other end of the park to keep these bears from getting into people’s food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the reality of bears and humans trying to coexist in Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did we get here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687121\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687121\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"There are up to 500 bears in Yosemite, and Ryan Leahy and his team have put GPS and radio collars on a handful. Here, he tracks a bear getting a little too close to a campground.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are up to 500 bears in Yosemite, and Ryan Leahy and his team have put GPS and radio collars on a handful. Here, he tracks a bear getting a little too close to a campground. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From bear-feeding shows to “nuisance bears”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1900s, tourists started visiting Yosemite year-round. This was a time before garbage trucks and even plastic garbage bags were invented, and the tourists needed somewhere to put their trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was crazy!” Rachel Mazur says. “They would have a dump, and that’s where the garbage would go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Mazur worked as Chief of Wildlife in Yosemite, she wrote \u003ca href=\"http://www.falcon.com/book/9781493008223\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a book\u003c/a> about the history of bears and humans in the park. She says the bears quickly figured out that they could go to the dump and eat campers’ food scraps. Then, the concessionaire for the park figured it could make money off of tourists who’d love to see bears up close and personal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’d put bleachers up, bus people in, have on spotlights, and you’d have twenty, thirty bears in there, feeding off the trash but also fighting each other,” Mazur says, and basically becoming conditioned to humans and our food. The dumps drew bears out of the wilderness into Yosemite Valley. They started reproducing in larger numbers because they got so many calories from human food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors were getting too close to the bears and getting injured, and the park realized it had to make some changes. It ended all bear feeding shows in the 1940s and closed the dumps in 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But you can’t just close dumps and expect these bears that are food-conditioned and used to humans to disappear back into the forest,” Mazur says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687123\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687123\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt='Rachel Mazur, Chief of Wildlife for Yosemite National Park, by a \"graveyard\" of old bear lockers. She says when bear management is under control, her team can focus on other wildlife efforts, like conservation and restoring endangered species.' width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rachel Mazur, Chief of Wildlife for Yosemite National Park, by a “graveyard” of old bear lockers. She says when bear management is under control, her team can focus on other wildlife efforts, like conservation and restoring endangered species. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the dumps closed, the bears turned their eye toward the campgrounds and visitors’ cars. This lead to even more injuries and rangers killing what they called “nuisance” bears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t the type of job that the rangers had signed up for. They wanted to figure out a way to keep bears wild and away from human food, so, Mazur says, they started experimenting. They created special lids for garbage cans, and metal lockers for campers to store their food, with latches complicated enough that they were sure bears wouldn’t be able to use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet bears are very smart and they figured out a way in. The rangers tweaked the designs more, adding carabiners and inventing new latches. Mazur has a whole stack of these old bear locker designs outside her office in Yosemite Valley; she calls it the “bear locker graveyard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Staying ahead of the “wily bears”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While rangers experimented with bear-proof storage for car campgrounds, more and more tourists were heading out to hike in the wilderness. This was the late 1960s and the start of the environmental movement. Many young people wanted to go backpacking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Durkee was a ranger in Little Yosemite Valley, the popular backcountry area behind Half Dome. Hikers would hike from the valley up to these woods and stay overnight, leaving the next day to climb the famous granite monolith. They didn’t have anywhere to store their food while they camped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You would get five or ten people minimum having their food taken every night,” Durkee remembers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other campers were about to set out for weeks-long trips on the John Muir Trail. They didn’t take kindly to the idea of losing all their food to bears before such a big trip. Durkee remembers one upset camper chasing a bear when it ran off with his food sack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those cartoon moments,” Durkee laughs. “You see the bear suddenly realizing, ‘Wait a minute, I’m a 200 pound bear. I don’t have to put up with this!’” The bear turned around and swatted the guy across the chest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others campers tried using their food as pillows, which Durkee says is a very dangerous idea. “On the one hand, you want to say, ‘This is natural selection at work!’ But you don’t want people to get hurt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687128\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687128\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"Retired back country ranger George Durkee helped invent some of the earliest bear-proofing methods.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Retired back country ranger George Durkee helped invent some of the earliest bear-proofing methods. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Campers would complain to Durkee when they lost their food to bears, so he and other rangers started experimenting with different ways to hang food away from bears’ reach. First, he tried tying the food between two trees, but bears would chew through the rope and pull down the food. Then, Durkee invented something called the counterbalance system. He would throw a rope over a tree branch and hang two food bags of equal weight on each end; that way, there was no rope for the bears to chew through. Instead, bears would climb high into the tree and drop down onto the food from above, knocking it to the ground. Then the bear would run off with the food bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just one thing after another trying to stay ahead of the wily bears!” Durkee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park tried installing metal poles with hooks that campers could hang their food on, but those got knocked down by an avalanche; then the park helicoptered heavy bear lockers into the backcountry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tried everything,” Rachel Mazur says. Until finally, “This idea of the canister came about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bear canister: a portable, cylindrical container that bears cannot open, and that holds about five days of food. It looks sort of like a drum. These days, anyone backpacking in Yosemite must use one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687126\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687126\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Bear canisters like this are required for anyone backpacking in Yosemite. The park has approved 12 different types of bear canisters.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bear canisters like this are required for anyone backpacking in Yosemite. The park has approved 12 different types of bear canisters. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea was invented by Barrie Gilbert, a behavioral ecologist, who was researching bears in Yellowstone and got \u003ca href=\"https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/bear-attack-makes-man-a-bear-defender/article_660bc36f-8268-590c-a7be-55d04a41ce50.html\">horribly mauled\u003c/a> by a grizzly. The bear pulled the scalp off his head, ripped off his ears and took out an eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After he healed, he decided to send his graduate student to research black bears in Yosemite instead, figuring he’d be safer there. But the graduate student kept losing his food to the bears! (It’s better than losing an eye, but still a problem.) Gilbert wanted to invent a way for his student to be able to bear-proof his food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He got the idea while watching a nature show on TV. He saw a frustrated lion pawing at an ostrich egg, trying to eat it, but its shape kept the lion out. That’s when Gilbert “just had this ‘A-ha’ moment,” Mazur says. Gilbert realized if someone could design a contraption that bears would have trouble getting a grip on, and make it lightweight, backpackers might be able to use it to bear-proof their food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilberts’ colleagues working in Yosemite took the idea and ran with it. They hired a machinist from Visalia to make prototypes and gave them to bears at the Fresno Zoo to see if they could break them open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They ran through many prototypes, testing them both on bears and humans. “You’re trying to find something that can keep a bear out but that humans can use and will” use, Mazur says. “We learned, for example, if there’s more than two hand motions, people won’t do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to bears, nothing is foolproof. A few black bears have figured out a way around these canisters. There’s a famously smart bear in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.adirondackalmanack.com/2012/11/a-yellow-yellow-obituary.html\">Adirondack\u003c/a> mountains that taught herself out how to open one of the canister models. Back here in Yosemite, a clever bear realized she can roll canisters off a cliff to break them open. Then she climbs down to get the contents. “It just drives us nuts!” Mazur says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s just one individual bear and the park was able to close that area off from camping. The people on Mazur’s team sometimes have to relocate young bears or even adult bears that have become too conditioned to human food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels like the ultimate betrayal,” Mazur says. When visitors don’t bear proof their food, it’s really the bears who pay the price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what’s driven rangers and researchers over the years to invent these bear-proof contraptions. Yet even once the park knew that the canisters and lockers worked, it took decades to get the funding and the support to put all the infrastructure in place and get visitors to use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“If we backslide, everything backslides”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with tons of education and enforcement, and requiring the use of bear lockers and canisters, Yosemite has reduced their human-bear incidents, from a high of 1,500 a year to under 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mazur says, that’s exciting. “But what’s also amazing is in the old days, all we did was bear management – nothing else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, she’s technically the Chief of Wildlife, not just bears. Now she’s able to focus on reintroducing endangered species like the Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep and yellow-legged frog. But Mazur says, the park still has to stay on top of bear management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we backslide, everything backslides,” she says. “We won’t just lose our grip on the human-bear issue. We’ll lose our grip on all the good wildlife work that we’re doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mazur says, it’s ultimately up to the tourists to behave properly in bear country. She says, many times campers have told her they didn’t really believe how bad the bear-human food issue was until they lost food to a bear themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If everyone had to lose their food to a bear before they stored it, we’d be in a world of trouble,” she says. At some point, you have to just agree that this is the right thing to do and take it from what’s been learned in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "A Brief History of Bear-Proofing In Yosemite, From a Garbage Dump to Canisters | KQED",
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"headline": "A Brief History of Bear-Proofing In Yosemite, From a Garbage Dump to Canisters",
"datePublished": "2018-08-15T16:33:37-07:00",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ah, the tranquil sounds of Yosemite Valley in the summertime. Robins singing, leaves rustling in the wind and the loud booming noise of a bear locker being slammed shut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are the sweet, sweet sounds of camping in bear country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you camp in Yosemite and other parks with black bears, you can’t just leave your food out on the picnic table or even in your car overnight. You have to store it in a weird contraption called a bear locker, a large metal box that bears cannot open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you want to go backpacking in Yosemite, up to the top of Half Dome or down to the majestic Tuolumne River, you have to keep all of your food in a portable bear-proof canister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This problem of bears wanting to eat human food in places like Yosemite, it’s a problem we humans created. And for decades, people have been inventing solutions to try to solve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The canister, the locker — all of those things were basically invented here in Yosemite,” says Rachel Mazur, Chief of Wildlife and Visitor Use for Yosemite National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for the problem that these inventions were created to solve?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The problem was not invented here,” Mazur says, “but we sure did a good job of making it a tough one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“In your car, you turn to ‘Classic Rock;’ here you get a bear”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Leahy is on patrol in Yosemite Valley. Leahy looks kind of like a cop — sunglasses, a uniform with a vest full of pockets. He’s armed with a radio and binoculars. Leahy’s a biologist; he’s patrolling for bears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we slowly drive along a back road in Yosemite Valley, he sticks a hand-held antenna out the window. There are up to 500 bears in the park, and Leahy and his team have put GPS and radio collars on a handful of them to be able to track them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Essentially they have radio frequency and we have a receiver,” he explains. When Leahy listens to different frequencies using his antenna, he can hear the beeping noise coming from different bears’ collars. “Like in your car you turn to 104.1 classic rock, but here you get you get a different bear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The beeping speeds up. “The bear’s pretty close,” Leahy says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s plenty of natural food for bears to eat in Yosemite, but they’ve learned that swiping coolers and grocery bags is just easier. So Leahy and his team monitor the bears to try and prevent them from ever getting a taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy’s park radio interrupts our quiet listening. One of Leahy’s crew members is trying to get a hold of him, because a mamma bear and cub have been reported in a campground on the opposite side of the park. Then his work cell phone rings. It turns out there’s even another bear down here in the valley. He’s got to move quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there’s a bear in the campground in the middle of the day going after human food,” he explains, “it’s going to probably get worse fast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He pulls over into a parking lot so he can make a plan, which turns out to maybe be a bad idea because now he’s a sitting duck for tourist questions. In the middle of all this chaos, a park visitor approaches his truck window. “Hey, where’s Half Dome?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You know, the giant granite monolith visible from most places in Yosemite Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leahy is nothing but professional. “After you take a left at the stop sign, look right on the bridge; you’ll see Half Dome. It’s huge. You can’t miss it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than four million people visit Yosemite each year, most only for a day. Many are first-timers and don’t even know their way around the park, let alone how to behave in bear country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bears take advantage of that ignorance, which is why Leahy’s got to get on the road, and drive to the other end of the park to keep these bears from getting into people’s food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the reality of bears and humans trying to coexist in Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how did we get here?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687121\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687121\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"There are up to 500 bears in Yosemite, and Ryan Leahy and his team have put GPS and radio collars on a handful. Here, he tracks a bear getting a little too close to a campground.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32394_DSC02243-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are up to 500 bears in Yosemite, and Ryan Leahy and his team have put GPS and radio collars on a handful. Here, he tracks a bear getting a little too close to a campground. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>From bear-feeding shows to “nuisance bears”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the early 1900s, tourists started visiting Yosemite year-round. This was a time before garbage trucks and even plastic garbage bags were invented, and the tourists needed somewhere to put their trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was crazy!” Rachel Mazur says. “They would have a dump, and that’s where the garbage would go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before Mazur worked as Chief of Wildlife in Yosemite, she wrote \u003ca href=\"http://www.falcon.com/book/9781493008223\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a book\u003c/a> about the history of bears and humans in the park. She says the bears quickly figured out that they could go to the dump and eat campers’ food scraps. Then, the concessionaire for the park figured it could make money off of tourists who’d love to see bears up close and personal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’d put bleachers up, bus people in, have on spotlights, and you’d have twenty, thirty bears in there, feeding off the trash but also fighting each other,” Mazur says, and basically becoming conditioned to humans and our food. The dumps drew bears out of the wilderness into Yosemite Valley. They started reproducing in larger numbers because they got so many calories from human food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors were getting too close to the bears and getting injured, and the park realized it had to make some changes. It ended all bear feeding shows in the 1940s and closed the dumps in 1970.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But you can’t just close dumps and expect these bears that are food-conditioned and used to humans to disappear back into the forest,” Mazur says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687123\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687123\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt='Rachel Mazur, Chief of Wildlife for Yosemite National Park, by a \"graveyard\" of old bear lockers. She says when bear management is under control, her team can focus on other wildlife efforts, like conservation and restoring endangered species.' width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32391_DSC02225-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rachel Mazur, Chief of Wildlife for Yosemite National Park, by a “graveyard” of old bear lockers. She says when bear management is under control, her team can focus on other wildlife efforts, like conservation and restoring endangered species. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When the dumps closed, the bears turned their eye toward the campgrounds and visitors’ cars. This lead to even more injuries and rangers killing what they called “nuisance” bears.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t the type of job that the rangers had signed up for. They wanted to figure out a way to keep bears wild and away from human food, so, Mazur says, they started experimenting. They created special lids for garbage cans, and metal lockers for campers to store their food, with latches complicated enough that they were sure bears wouldn’t be able to use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet bears are very smart and they figured out a way in. The rangers tweaked the designs more, adding carabiners and inventing new latches. Mazur has a whole stack of these old bear locker designs outside her office in Yosemite Valley; she calls it the “bear locker graveyard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Staying ahead of the “wily bears”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While rangers experimented with bear-proof storage for car campgrounds, more and more tourists were heading out to hike in the wilderness. This was the late 1960s and the start of the environmental movement. Many young people wanted to go backpacking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Durkee was a ranger in Little Yosemite Valley, the popular backcountry area behind Half Dome. Hikers would hike from the valley up to these woods and stay overnight, leaving the next day to climb the famous granite monolith. They didn’t have anywhere to store their food while they camped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You would get five or ten people minimum having their food taken every night,” Durkee remembers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other campers were about to set out for weeks-long trips on the John Muir Trail. They didn’t take kindly to the idea of losing all their food to bears before such a big trip. Durkee remembers one upset camper chasing a bear when it ran off with his food sack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was one of those cartoon moments,” Durkee laughs. “You see the bear suddenly realizing, ‘Wait a minute, I’m a 200 pound bear. I don’t have to put up with this!’” The bear turned around and swatted the guy across the chest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Others campers tried using their food as pillows, which Durkee says is a very dangerous idea. “On the one hand, you want to say, ‘This is natural selection at work!’ But you don’t want people to get hurt.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687128\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687128\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1020x680.jpg\" alt=\"Retired back country ranger George Durkee helped invent some of the earliest bear-proofing methods.\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32390_DSC02209-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Retired back country ranger George Durkee helped invent some of the earliest bear-proofing methods. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Campers would complain to Durkee when they lost their food to bears, so he and other rangers started experimenting with different ways to hang food away from bears’ reach. First, he tried tying the food between two trees, but bears would chew through the rope and pull down the food. Then, Durkee invented something called the counterbalance system. He would throw a rope over a tree branch and hang two food bags of equal weight on each end; that way, there was no rope for the bears to chew through. Instead, bears would climb high into the tree and drop down onto the food from above, knocking it to the ground. Then the bear would run off with the food bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just one thing after another trying to stay ahead of the wily bears!” Durkee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park tried installing metal poles with hooks that campers could hang their food on, but those got knocked down by an avalanche; then the park helicoptered heavy bear lockers into the backcountry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They tried everything,” Rachel Mazur says. Until finally, “This idea of the canister came about.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bear canister: a portable, cylindrical container that bears cannot open, and that holds about five days of food. It looks sort of like a drum. These days, anyone backpacking in Yosemite must use one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11687126\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-11687126\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Bear canisters like this are required for anyone backpacking in Yosemite. The park has approved 12 different types of bear canisters.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1200x900.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS32423_IMG_7630-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bear canisters like this are required for anyone backpacking in Yosemite. The park has approved 12 different types of bear canisters. \u003ccite>(Marissa Ortega Welch/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The idea was invented by Barrie Gilbert, a behavioral ecologist, who was researching bears in Yellowstone and got \u003ca href=\"https://www.bozemandailychronicle.com/bear-attack-makes-man-a-bear-defender/article_660bc36f-8268-590c-a7be-55d04a41ce50.html\">horribly mauled\u003c/a> by a grizzly. The bear pulled the scalp off his head, ripped off his ears and took out an eye.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After he healed, he decided to send his graduate student to research black bears in Yosemite instead, figuring he’d be safer there. But the graduate student kept losing his food to the bears! (It’s better than losing an eye, but still a problem.) Gilbert wanted to invent a way for his student to be able to bear-proof his food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He got the idea while watching a nature show on TV. He saw a frustrated lion pawing at an ostrich egg, trying to eat it, but its shape kept the lion out. That’s when Gilbert “just had this ‘A-ha’ moment,” Mazur says. Gilbert realized if someone could design a contraption that bears would have trouble getting a grip on, and make it lightweight, backpackers might be able to use it to bear-proof their food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gilberts’ colleagues working in Yosemite took the idea and ran with it. They hired a machinist from Visalia to make prototypes and gave them to bears at the Fresno Zoo to see if they could break them open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They ran through many prototypes, testing them both on bears and humans. “You’re trying to find something that can keep a bear out but that humans can use and will” use, Mazur says. “We learned, for example, if there’s more than two hand motions, people won’t do it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to bears, nothing is foolproof. A few black bears have figured out a way around these canisters. There’s a famously smart bear in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.adirondackalmanack.com/2012/11/a-yellow-yellow-obituary.html\">Adirondack\u003c/a> mountains that taught herself out how to open one of the canister models. Back here in Yosemite, a clever bear realized she can roll canisters off a cliff to break them open. Then she climbs down to get the contents. “It just drives us nuts!” Mazur says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s just one individual bear and the park was able to close that area off from camping. The people on Mazur’s team sometimes have to relocate young bears or even adult bears that have become too conditioned to human food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels like the ultimate betrayal,” Mazur says. When visitors don’t bear proof their food, it’s really the bears who pay the price.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s what’s driven rangers and researchers over the years to invent these bear-proof contraptions. Yet even once the park knew that the canisters and lockers worked, it took decades to get the funding and the support to put all the infrastructure in place and get visitors to use them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>“If we backslide, everything backslides”\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with tons of education and enforcement, and requiring the use of bear lockers and canisters, Yosemite has reduced their human-bear incidents, from a high of 1,500 a year to under 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mazur says, that’s exciting. “But what’s also amazing is in the old days, all we did was bear management – nothing else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, she’s technically the Chief of Wildlife, not just bears. Now she’s able to focus on reintroducing endangered species like the Sierra Nevada bighorn sheep and yellow-legged frog. But Mazur says, the park still has to stay on top of bear management.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we backslide, everything backslides,” she says. “We won’t just lose our grip on the human-bear issue. We’ll lose our grip on all the good wildlife work that we’re doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mazur says, it’s ultimately up to the tourists to behave properly in bear country. She says, many times campers have told her they didn’t really believe how bad the bear-human food issue was until they lost food to a bear themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If everyone had to lose their food to a bear before they stored it, we’d be in a world of trouble,” she says. At some point, you have to just agree that this is the right thing to do and take it from what’s been learned in the past.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "National Park Service to Increase Entrance Fees in 2019",
"title": "National Park Service to Increase Entrance Fees in 2019",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>If you're planning a trip to a national park in 2019, you should plan to pay a little more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service announced a fee increase that will go into effect Jan. 1, 2019. The increase will only affect the 117 parks that already charge entrance fees. The remaining 300 will still be free to enter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Visitor entrance fees play an important role in helping the park better serve the public by ensuring national treasures, like Muir Woods, are cared for and can be enjoyed for generations to come,” said General Superintendent of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area Laura E. Joss in a press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The newly restored Hawk Hill Trail in the Marin Headlands is just one visible example of park entrance fees put to use for public enjoyment,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fee increases proposed are needed to help address an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10889490/national-parks-have-a-long-to-do-list-but-cant-cover-the-repair-costs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$11.6 billion maintenance backlog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661741/popular-national-parks-to-raise-fees-to-35-not-70\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An earlier proposal\u003c/a> would have upped the car fee to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1917212/national-park-service-proposes-yosemite-entry-fee-hike-70-per-car\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$70 at Yosemite\u003c/a> and other popular parks, but widespread opposition lead to a different solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how will the increase affect local parks?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Maritime National Historical Park\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will cost $5 more for daily entrance to the Maritime Park. Entrance fees are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/safr/planyourvisit/fees.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">currently $10\u003c/a> per person, so they will go up to $15 in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Muir Woods National Monument\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muir Woods will also cost $5 more per person. Entrance fees will be $15 per person, but children 15 and younger will still have free admission. Annual passes will also go up $5, to $45. Visitors at Muir Woods would also pay an $8 parking fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extra fees will go toward upgrading and maintaining parking lots, restrooms, trails and more. Recent fixes have included better accessibility at Muir Beach Overlook and a trail crew for Muir Woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of the money will go toward maintaining and restoring Muir Woods, Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA), Fort Point National Historic Site and Alcatraz. The rest of the revenue would go toward other national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Yosemite National Park\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite park entrance fees will increase to $35 per vehicle and $30 per motorcycle. An annual park pass will increase to $70 and per-person admission will be $20. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-changes-entrance-fee-to-address-infrastructure-needs-improve-visitor-experience.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">park website\u003c/a>, the increase will take place in June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-changes-entrance-fee-to-address-infrastructure-needs-improve-visitor-experience.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">80 percent of the revenue\u003c/a> will stay in the park and go toward maintaining it, while the rest will go toward other parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/YosemiteNPS/status/984858528421564416\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For information on increases at all fee-charging parks \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/entrance-fee-prices.htm#CP_JUMP_5865822\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">click here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay City News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you're planning a trip to a national park in 2019, you should plan to pay a little more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service announced a fee increase that will go into effect Jan. 1, 2019. The increase will only affect the 117 parks that already charge entrance fees. The remaining 300 will still be free to enter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Visitor entrance fees play an important role in helping the park better serve the public by ensuring national treasures, like Muir Woods, are cared for and can be enjoyed for generations to come,” said General Superintendent of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area Laura E. Joss in a press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The newly restored Hawk Hill Trail in the Marin Headlands is just one visible example of park entrance fees put to use for public enjoyment,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fee increases proposed are needed to help address an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10889490/national-parks-have-a-long-to-do-list-but-cant-cover-the-repair-costs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$11.6 billion maintenance backlog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11661741/popular-national-parks-to-raise-fees-to-35-not-70\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">An earlier proposal\u003c/a> would have upped the car fee to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1917212/national-park-service-proposes-yosemite-entry-fee-hike-70-per-car\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$70 at Yosemite\u003c/a> and other popular parks, but widespread opposition lead to a different solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, how will the increase affect local parks?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Maritime National Historical Park\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will cost $5 more for daily entrance to the Maritime Park. Entrance fees are \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/safr/planyourvisit/fees.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">currently $10\u003c/a> per person, so they will go up to $15 in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Muir Woods National Monument\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muir Woods will also cost $5 more per person. Entrance fees will be $15 per person, but children 15 and younger will still have free admission. Annual passes will also go up $5, to $45. Visitors at Muir Woods would also pay an $8 parking fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extra fees will go toward upgrading and maintaining parking lots, restrooms, trails and more. Recent fixes have included better accessibility at Muir Beach Overlook and a trail crew for Muir Woods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The majority of the money will go toward maintaining and restoring Muir Woods, Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA), Fort Point National Historic Site and Alcatraz. The rest of the revenue would go toward other national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Yosemite National Park\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite park entrance fees will increase to $35 per vehicle and $30 per motorcycle. An annual park pass will increase to $70 and per-person admission will be $20. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-changes-entrance-fee-to-address-infrastructure-needs-improve-visitor-experience.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">park website\u003c/a>, the increase will take place in June 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/yose/learn/news/yosemite-national-park-changes-entrance-fee-to-address-infrastructure-needs-improve-visitor-experience.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">80 percent of the revenue\u003c/a> will stay in the park and go toward maintaining it, while the rest will go toward other parks.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>For information on increases at all fee-charging parks \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/aboutus/entrance-fee-prices.htm#CP_JUMP_5865822\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">click here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bay City News contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "New Oil Drilling Approved in Carrizo Plain National Monument",
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"content": "\u003cp>Called “California’s Serengeti” as the state’s largest remaining open grassland, San Luis Obispo County’s Carrizo Plain National Monument survived last year’s effort by the Trump administration to shrink or revoke national monuments across the country. But in March, the U.S. Department of the Interior approved construction of a new oil well and a pipeline within the monument’s boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first oil production activity the federal government has approved in Carrizo Plain since the area was designated a national monument in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the independent oil company E&B Natural Resources \u003ca href=\"https://www.test.blm.gov/nlcs_web/sites/style/medialib/blm/ca/pdf/bakersfield/NEPA/2012.Par.43159.File.dat/CAC060-2012-0040-ProposedAction.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">applied to drill a new oil well\u003c/a> in the Russell Ranch Oil Field, which was grandfathered in when the national monument status was established.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Bureau of Land Management (BLM) manages the national monument. BLM field manager Gabe Garcia made the decision to approve the new drilling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are several leases that are active within the Carrizo Plain National Monument boundary,” Garcia said. “Most of them are on the south end, within the Cuyama Valley area, so it’s not right down in the heart of the Carrizo Plain. These are valid existing rights that have been in existence for many, many decades, so there is always the potential for oil companies to come in for exploratory purposes to develop their oil leases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one of the lowest-producing oil fields in the state, but the company sought to extract whatever petroleum was left there. Seven years after the company requested to drill a new well, the BLM approved E&B Natural Resources’ application in March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“E&B Natural Resources has been issued a permit to drill a well on a previously disturbed 0.5 acre well pad in the Russell Ranch Oil Field. An environmental assessment was conducted on the proposed well showing no significant impacts by the Bureau of Land Management,” according to E&B spokesperson Amy Roth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 20, a coalition of environmental groups launched an effort to get the decision reversed and permit revoked. The groups filed an appeal with the Interior Board of Land Appeals and the California director of the BLM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The appeals show that the oil well and pipeline would harm threatened and endangered wildlife and mar scenic views,” according to Los Padres ForestWatch, one of the non-profits that filed the appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This seems like a terrible idea to me,” San Luis Obispo County Supervisor Bruce Gibson said after hearing of the BLM’s approval. “It looks to me to be a deliberate insult by the Trump administration to this county, sort of like their proposals to restart offshore oil leasing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The environmental groups say the permit violates the Antiquity Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act and the resource management plan for the national monument. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their filing asks the BLM appeals board and the agency’s California director to block any action by the oil company until the decision is reconsidered.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Environmental groups have already launched an effort to reverse the Bureau of Land Management’s decision to allow drilling within the San Luis Obispo County monument.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Called “California’s Serengeti” as the state’s largest remaining open grassland, San Luis Obispo County’s Carrizo Plain National Monument survived last year’s effort by the Trump administration to shrink or revoke national monuments across the country. But in March, the U.S. Department of the Interior approved construction of a new oil well and a pipeline within the monument’s boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first oil production activity the federal government has approved in Carrizo Plain since the area was designated a national monument in 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2011, the independent oil company E&B Natural Resources \u003ca href=\"https://www.test.blm.gov/nlcs_web/sites/style/medialib/blm/ca/pdf/bakersfield/NEPA/2012.Par.43159.File.dat/CAC060-2012-0040-ProposedAction.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">applied to drill a new oil well\u003c/a> in the Russell Ranch Oil Field, which was grandfathered in when the national monument status was established.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal Bureau of Land Management (BLM) manages the national monument. BLM field manager Gabe Garcia made the decision to approve the new drilling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are several leases that are active within the Carrizo Plain National Monument boundary,” Garcia said. “Most of them are on the south end, within the Cuyama Valley area, so it’s not right down in the heart of the Carrizo Plain. These are valid existing rights that have been in existence for many, many decades, so there is always the potential for oil companies to come in for exploratory purposes to develop their oil leases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s one of the lowest-producing oil fields in the state, but the company sought to extract whatever petroleum was left there. Seven years after the company requested to drill a new well, the BLM approved E&B Natural Resources’ application in March.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“E&B Natural Resources has been issued a permit to drill a well on a previously disturbed 0.5 acre well pad in the Russell Ranch Oil Field. An environmental assessment was conducted on the proposed well showing no significant impacts by the Bureau of Land Management,” according to E&B spokesperson Amy Roth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 20, a coalition of environmental groups launched an effort to get the decision reversed and permit revoked. The groups filed an appeal with the Interior Board of Land Appeals and the California director of the BLM.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The appeals show that the oil well and pipeline would harm threatened and endangered wildlife and mar scenic views,” according to Los Padres ForestWatch, one of the non-profits that filed the appeal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This seems like a terrible idea to me,” San Luis Obispo County Supervisor Bruce Gibson said after hearing of the BLM’s approval. “It looks to me to be a deliberate insult by the Trump administration to this county, sort of like their proposals to restart offshore oil leasing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The environmental groups say the permit violates the Antiquity Act, the National Environmental Policy Act, the Endangered Species Act and the resource management plan for the national monument. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their filing asks the BLM appeals board and the agency’s California director to block any action by the oil company until the decision is reconsidered.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Popular National Parks to Raise Fees to $35 Per Vehicle, Not $70",
"title": "Popular National Parks to Raise Fees to $35 Per Vehicle, Not $70",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The Interior Department is increasing fees at the most popular national parks to $35 per vehicle, backing down from an earlier plan that would have forced visitors to pay $70 per vehicle to visit the Grand Canyon, Yosemite and other iconic parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A plan announced Thursday would boost fees at 17 popular parks by $5, up from the current $30 but far below the figure Interior proposed last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101862280\">National Park Service Proposes Hiking Entry Fee for Yosemite, Popular Parks\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101862280\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2017/10/yosemite-half-dome-in-background-1180x664.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The plan by Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke drew widespread opposition from lawmakers and governors of both parties, who said the higher fees could exclude many Americans from enjoying national parks. The agency received more than 109,000 comments on the plan, most of them opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $35 fee applies mostly in the West and will affect such popular parks as Yosemite, Yellowstone, Zion, Bryce Canyon, Mount Rainier, Rocky Mountain and Grand Teton parks, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke said the fee hikes were needed to help maintain the parks and begin to address an $11.6 billion maintenance backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every dollar spent to rebuild our parks will help bolster the gateway communities that rely on park visitation for economic vitality,\" Zinke said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thanked those who made their voices heard through the public comment process: \"Your input has helped us develop a balanced plan that focuses on modest increases,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The maintenance backlog \"isn't going to be solved overnight and will require a multitiered approach as we work to provide badly needed revenue to repair infrastructure,\" Zinke added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan announced Thursday sets a $5 increase for all parks that charge entrance fees. Parks that previously charged $15 will now charge $20; a $20 fee will rise to $25; and a $25 fee will now be $30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current $30 fee is the highest charged by the park service and applies to the 17 most-visited parks. More than two-thirds of national parks will remain free to enter.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Interior Department is increasing fees at the most popular national parks to $35 per vehicle, backing down from an earlier plan that would have forced visitors to pay $70 per vehicle to visit the Grand Canyon, Yosemite and other iconic parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A plan announced Thursday would boost fees at 17 popular parks by $5, up from the current $30 but far below the figure Interior proposed last fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch3>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101862280\">National Park Service Proposes Hiking Entry Fee for Yosemite, Popular Parks\u003c/a>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101862280\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/43/2017/10/yosemite-half-dome-in-background-1180x664.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The plan by Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke drew widespread opposition from lawmakers and governors of both parties, who said the higher fees could exclude many Americans from enjoying national parks. The agency received more than 109,000 comments on the plan, most of them opposed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The $35 fee applies mostly in the West and will affect such popular parks as Yosemite, Yellowstone, Zion, Bryce Canyon, Mount Rainier, Rocky Mountain and Grand Teton parks, among others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zinke said the fee hikes were needed to help maintain the parks and begin to address an $11.6 billion maintenance backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Every dollar spent to rebuild our parks will help bolster the gateway communities that rely on park visitation for economic vitality,\" Zinke said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He thanked those who made their voices heard through the public comment process: \"Your input has helped us develop a balanced plan that focuses on modest increases,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The maintenance backlog \"isn't going to be solved overnight and will require a multitiered approach as we work to provide badly needed revenue to repair infrastructure,\" Zinke added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plan announced Thursday sets a $5 increase for all parks that charge entrance fees. Parks that previously charged $15 will now charge $20; a $20 fee will rise to $25; and a $25 fee will now be $30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current $30 fee is the highest charged by the park service and applies to the 17 most-visited parks. More than two-thirds of national parks will remain free to enter.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump’s Interior Department prevented Glacier National Park’s superintendent from accompanying Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg on a recent park tour to save money, not to mute criticism over climate change, a spokeswoman for the agency said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park superintendent Jeff Mow and U.S. Geological Survey ecologist Daniel Fagre had planned to accompany Zuckerberg last weekend, but Interior Department officials in Washington, D.C., decided to assign park rangers to the tour instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg, who has previously criticized Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris climate decision, highlighted the effects of climate change on the park in a Facebook post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a couple of decades, there may not be any glaciers left in the park at all,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists predict Glacier National Park’s glaciers will largely disappear by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mow has participated in the park service’s climate change response program and has given public presentations on how warming temperatures are affecting parks in Montana and Alaska, where he previously worked. Last year, Mow accompanied then-Interior Secretary Sally Jewell on a tour that emphasized climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really have a bully pulpit to begin talking about climate change,” he said of Glacier officials in a 2015 TEDx talk in Whitefish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fagre is a top scientist studying climate change. He told the Flathead Beacon that he had been scheduled to go on the Zuckerberg tour and then was told without explanation that he couldn’t participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for Glacier National Park did not return a call for comment Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke’s spokeswoman, Heather Swift, denied that the decision to pull Mow and Fagre from the tour was related to the climate change debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was about using government resources and tax dollars responsibly, especially at the height of busy season,” she said. So the agency assigned other park officials to Zuckerberg, and he was given “first-class treatment,” Swift said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked how much money the Interior Department saved by substituting park rangers for Mow and Fagre, Swift declined to provide an amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every tax dollar matters,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington Post first reported about Interior Department officials preventing Mow and Fagre from meeting with Zuckerberg.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President Trump’s Interior Department prevented Glacier National Park’s superintendent from accompanying Facebook founder Mark Zuckerberg on a recent park tour to save money, not to mute criticism over climate change, a spokeswoman for the agency said Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park superintendent Jeff Mow and U.S. Geological Survey ecologist Daniel Fagre had planned to accompany Zuckerberg last weekend, but Interior Department officials in Washington, D.C., decided to assign park rangers to the tour instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerberg, who has previously criticized Trump’s decision to withdraw from the Paris climate decision, highlighted the effects of climate change on the park in a Facebook post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a couple of decades, there may not be any glaciers left in the park at all,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scientists predict Glacier National Park’s glaciers will largely disappear by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mow has participated in the park service’s climate change response program and has given public presentations on how warming temperatures are affecting parks in Montana and Alaska, where he previously worked. Last year, Mow accompanied then-Interior Secretary Sally Jewell on a tour that emphasized climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We really have a bully pulpit to begin talking about climate change,” he said of Glacier officials in a 2015 TEDx talk in Whitefish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fagre is a top scientist studying climate change. He told the Flathead Beacon that he had been scheduled to go on the Zuckerberg tour and then was told without explanation that he couldn’t participate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokeswoman for Glacier National Park did not return a call for comment Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interior Secretary Ryan Zinke’s spokeswoman, Heather Swift, denied that the decision to pull Mow and Fagre from the tour was related to the climate change debate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was about using government resources and tax dollars responsibly, especially at the height of busy season,” she said. So the agency assigned other park officials to Zuckerberg, and he was given “first-class treatment,” Swift said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asked how much money the Interior Department saved by substituting park rangers for Mow and Fagre, Swift declined to provide an amount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every tax dollar matters,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Washington Post first reported about Interior Department officials preventing Mow and Fagre from meeting with Zuckerberg.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Future of National Parks is Going to be a Lot Hotter",
"headTitle": "The Future of National Parks is Going to be a Lot Hotter | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Summertime is primetime for national parks. As snow melts, wildflowers bloom and waterfalls roar, generations of visitors have flocked to the natural wonders that dot the American landscape (to say nothing of all the amazing cultural sites the National Park Service protects).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service was created a century ago — August 25, 1916 to be exact — to keep an eye on the growing treasure trove of national parks. It’s been a good century as more and more land has been set aside and annual visitors now number more than 300 million, but it’s also not been without challenges. Chief among them is \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/director/\">climate change\u003c/a>, which will drastically \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/quiz/\">alter national park landscapes\u003c/a> in the coming decades including cranking up the \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/100-years-of-warming-at-the-national-parks\">heat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As part of Climate Central’s ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://statesatrisk.org/\">States at Risk\u003c/a> project, we analyzed just how much hotter parks are projected to get later this century. We looked at the future summer temperatures in all the parks in the Lower 48 states except Dry Tortugas National Park (sorry, Fort Jefferson lovers!) assuming greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results could make you sweat. Parks are projected to have summers that are 8-12°F hotter by 2100. That means currently cool mountainous parks could be as hot as the plains. Parks in the Southeast, already a pretty hot place, will face even more extreme temperatures with a climate more like southern Texas. And otherworldly Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also analyzed how many more days with extreme heat the parks could face. \u003ca href=\"http://wxshift.com/climate-change/climate-indicators/extreme-heat\">Extreme heat\u003c/a> is a hallmark of global warming, and its impact will be most arresting in the national parks where people go, by design, to be outside in the summer. Like the rest of the country, parks are going to be seeing more dangerously hot days above 90°F, 95°F, and 100°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2100, the glaciers of Montana’s Glacier National Park \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">will be long gone\u003c/a> and rising temperatures will be one of the big reasons why. Visitors will not only have to contend with an ice-free landscape, but also hotter temperatures. Today the park sees an average of only one 90°F day each year. It could see 27 days with temperatures above 90°F by the end of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park, high in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, currently sees about two weeks of 90°F weather every year. By 2050, it could see nearly a month of those temperatures, and by 2100 it could get nearly 50 such days each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the Great Smoky Mountains, currently the most-visited National Park, could go from fewer than 10 days above 90°F each year, on average now, to three months with those scorching temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In numerous other parks, the number of days above 100°F is projected to skyrocket. Big Bend National Park in Texas could see more than 110 days above 100°F each year, on average. And Great Basin National Park in Nevada, which currently doesn’t have any days above 100°F in a typical year, could see a month of those temperatures each year by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s likely that parks on the more extreme end of the temperature scale will see a drop in summer visitation, but more visitors are \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/national-parks-warm-temps-19123\">likely to show up in fall\u003c/a> and spring when it won’t be fry-an-egg-on-the-sidewalk hot. That may stretch park resources thin as most parks are set up to handle summer crowds and quieter shoulder seasons. How parks deal with the change in visitation season is an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all this is to say nothing about the impacts extreme heat will have on the natural resources around which we created national parks in the first place. Joshua Tree could become too hot for its namesake trees and there’s evidence that extreme summer days could create more rockfalls in Yosemite, which could change the face of the stunning valley at the center of the park. \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/western-wildfires-climate-change-20475\">Wildfire risk\u003c/a> will also skyrocket across the West and could make summer park vacations not only more hot but \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/wildfires-national-park-service-birthday-19371\">more smoky\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are just the most visible changes. Whole ecosystems are likely to be disrupted and there are consequences scientists probably haven’t even uncovered yet (those are the ones that \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/gradual-climate-changes-could-cause-sudden-impacts-16792\">could be the worst\u003c/a> since we’ll be least prepared).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the daunting situation facing the National Park Service in its second century, there are signs it’s up for the challenge. It’s already addressing climate change from \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/new-york-parks-sea-level-rise/\">the coast\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">high mountains\u003c/a> and has an \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/overview/\">A-Team team of experts\u003c/a> to help parks answer the gnarly questions they face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no denying that national parks will look a lot different by the end of the century, but that won’t make them any less a part of the fabric of American identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a> \u003cem>is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Analysis by James Bronzan and Alyson Kenward, PhD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Methodology:\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Future temperatures for 47 National Parks were calculated based on the median of 29 spatially downscaled climate models (CMIP5) at 1/8 degree scale, then averaged within park boundaries. National parks in Alaska and Hawaii, along with Dry Tortugas National Park, were excluded because projections at this resolution were unavailable. Temperatures for 2050 are based on the 20-year average of 2041-2060 and for 2100 are based on the period 2080-2099. Projected temperatures assume that greenhouse gas emissions continue at their current rate (RCP8.5). The interactive map features the average summer daily high temperature (June-August), while days over 90\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, 95\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, and 100\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F were counted annually. The current period values for parks and climate divisions are based on the 1991-2010 average calculated using a gridded observational dataset by Ed Maurer of Santa Clara University. \u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Summertime is primetime for national parks. As snow melts, wildflowers bloom and waterfalls roar, generations of visitors have flocked to the natural wonders that dot the American landscape (to say nothing of all the amazing cultural sites the National Park Service protects).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service was created a century ago — August 25, 1916 to be exact — to keep an eye on the growing treasure trove of national parks. It’s been a good century as more and more land has been set aside and annual visitors now number more than 300 million, but it’s also not been without challenges. Chief among them is \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/director/\">climate change\u003c/a>, which will drastically \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/quiz/\">alter national park landscapes\u003c/a> in the coming decades including cranking up the \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/100-years-of-warming-at-the-national-parks\">heat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As part of Climate Central’s ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://statesatrisk.org/\">States at Risk\u003c/a> project, we analyzed just how much hotter parks are projected to get later this century. We looked at the future summer temperatures in all the parks in the Lower 48 states except Dry Tortugas National Park (sorry, Fort Jefferson lovers!) assuming greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results could make you sweat. Parks are projected to have summers that are 8-12°F hotter by 2100. That means currently cool mountainous parks could be as hot as the plains. Parks in the Southeast, already a pretty hot place, will face even more extreme temperatures with a climate more like southern Texas. And otherworldly Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also analyzed how many more days with extreme heat the parks could face. \u003ca href=\"http://wxshift.com/climate-change/climate-indicators/extreme-heat\">Extreme heat\u003c/a> is a hallmark of global warming, and its impact will be most arresting in the national parks where people go, by design, to be outside in the summer. Like the rest of the country, parks are going to be seeing more dangerously hot days above 90°F, 95°F, and 100°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2100, the glaciers of Montana’s Glacier National Park \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">will be long gone\u003c/a> and rising temperatures will be one of the big reasons why. Visitors will not only have to contend with an ice-free landscape, but also hotter temperatures. Today the park sees an average of only one 90°F day each year. It could see 27 days with temperatures above 90°F by the end of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park, high in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, currently sees about two weeks of 90°F weather every year. By 2050, it could see nearly a month of those temperatures, and by 2100 it could get nearly 50 such days each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the Great Smoky Mountains, currently the most-visited National Park, could go from fewer than 10 days above 90°F each year, on average now, to three months with those scorching temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In numerous other parks, the number of days above 100°F is projected to skyrocket. Big Bend National Park in Texas could see more than 110 days above 100°F each year, on average. And Great Basin National Park in Nevada, which currently doesn’t have any days above 100°F in a typical year, could see a month of those temperatures each year by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s likely that parks on the more extreme end of the temperature scale will see a drop in summer visitation, but more visitors are \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/national-parks-warm-temps-19123\">likely to show up in fall\u003c/a> and spring when it won’t be fry-an-egg-on-the-sidewalk hot. That may stretch park resources thin as most parks are set up to handle summer crowds and quieter shoulder seasons. How parks deal with the change in visitation season is an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all this is to say nothing about the impacts extreme heat will have on the natural resources around which we created national parks in the first place. Joshua Tree could become too hot for its namesake trees and there’s evidence that extreme summer days could create more rockfalls in Yosemite, which could change the face of the stunning valley at the center of the park. \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/western-wildfires-climate-change-20475\">Wildfire risk\u003c/a> will also skyrocket across the West and could make summer park vacations not only more hot but \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/wildfires-national-park-service-birthday-19371\">more smoky\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are just the most visible changes. Whole ecosystems are likely to be disrupted and there are consequences scientists probably haven’t even uncovered yet (those are the ones that \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/gradual-climate-changes-could-cause-sudden-impacts-16792\">could be the worst\u003c/a> since we’ll be least prepared).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the daunting situation facing the National Park Service in its second century, there are signs it’s up for the challenge. It’s already addressing climate change from \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/new-york-parks-sea-level-rise/\">the coast\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">high mountains\u003c/a> and has an \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/overview/\">A-Team team of experts\u003c/a> to help parks answer the gnarly questions they face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no denying that national parks will look a lot different by the end of the century, but that won’t make them any less a part of the fabric of American identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a> \u003cem>is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Analysis by James Bronzan and Alyson Kenward, PhD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Methodology:\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Future temperatures for 47 National Parks were calculated based on the median of 29 spatially downscaled climate models (CMIP5) at 1/8 degree scale, then averaged within park boundaries. National parks in Alaska and Hawaii, along with Dry Tortugas National Park, were excluded because projections at this resolution were unavailable. Temperatures for 2050 are based on the 20-year average of 2041-2060 and for 2100 are based on the period 2080-2099. Projected temperatures assume that greenhouse gas emissions continue at their current rate (RCP8.5). The interactive map features the average summer daily high temperature (June-August), while days over 90\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, 95\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, and 100\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F were counted annually. The current period values for parks and climate divisions are based on the 1991-2010 average calculated using a gridded observational dataset by Ed Maurer of Santa Clara University. \u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Poll Challenges Stereotypes About People of Color and National Parks",
"headTitle": "Poll Challenges Stereotypes About People of Color and National Parks | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A recent poll challenges the stereotype that people of color aren’t interested in outdoor recreation or national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/\">New America Media\u003c/a> surveyed 900 African American, Latino and Asian Pacific-American voters nationwide about their recreation habits. Seventy percent of participants said they enjoy activities like picnicking, camping, fishing and hunting. And 57 percent of respondents said they’ve visited a national park — more than two-thirds of them in the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It really is as simple as providing people with a map. To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.’\u003ccite>Anthony Williams,\u003cbr>\nBendixen & Amandi International\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The numbers do not surprise Rue Mapp, the founder and CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://www.outdoorafro.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Outdoor Afro\u003c/a>, which sponsors outdoor activities. She says she’s talked with lots of blacks who love spending time in wild places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been out in the field and I have been listening to the stories,” Mapp says. “I have been pushing back on the stereotypes and assumptions. My answer has been consistently that you’re not looking in the right places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to note that the poll surveyed \u003ci>voters\u003c/i>. The results reflect higher interest levels than one might deduce from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national visitation numbers\u003c/a>. The most recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/CompSurvey2008_2009RaceEthnicity.pdf\">survey\u003c/a> of national parks in 2009 showed that only one in five tourists was a person of color. Yet, the country is twice that diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Barriers to Entry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survey respondents cited long distances and costs as the main reasons they don’t visit national parks more frequently. People of color are more likely to choose a community park near their home than trek to an unknown destination that may be expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re simply unaware, to a great extent, about the national public lands that are available around them whether it be parks, forests, historic sites, etcetera,” says Anthony Williams of Bendixen & Amandi International, the public opinion research firm which conducted the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several African-Americans I interviewed on the streets of San Francisco expressed a similar sentiment, for a recent \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\">story\u003c/a> about efforts to increase diversity in national parks. Besides not knowing which national parks are nearby, some people I talked to said they don’t feel welcome and think of national parks as playgrounds for white wealthy folks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The National Parks Need Visitors of Color to Stay Relevant\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams says increased outreach efforts are needed to educate underrepresented groups that neither the location nor the cost of many national parks is prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-895961\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Olive-Tambou-backpacking-at-point-reyes-annual-female-backpacking-trip-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Olive Tambou backpacking at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Olive Tambou backpacks at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It really is as simple as providing people with a map,” he says. “To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eighty percent of survey respondents support proposals to increase visitor access through urban parks, monuments, historic and cultural sites that focus on the contributions of minorities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, the National Park Service has not focused on marketing to communities of color because the the majority of the U.S. population has been of European descent. But demographics are changing. The Census Bureau predicts that by 2043, communities of color will be the national majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parks have to be reintroduced to more Americans in order to create a legacy of experience,” says Williams. “I would compare it to Disneyland. Disneyland has an enormous marketing budget and everybody knows where Disneyland is and what to expect when they get there. And so people budget for it, make the time for it and they go. The national public lands are really a secret that needs to get out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The release of the New America Media poll coincides with a national tour this week by federal officials who are commemorating the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service. U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell and Small Business Administrator Maria Contreras-Sweet will tour César E. Chávez National Monument in Southern California on Wednesday, August 24. They will then hold a town hall discussion addressing diversity and inclusion at national parks.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A recent poll challenges the stereotype that people of color aren't interested in outdoor recreation, or national parks.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A recent poll challenges the stereotype that people of color aren’t interested in outdoor recreation or national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/\">New America Media\u003c/a> surveyed 900 African American, Latino and Asian Pacific-American voters nationwide about their recreation habits. Seventy percent of participants said they enjoy activities like picnicking, camping, fishing and hunting. And 57 percent of respondents said they’ve visited a national park — more than two-thirds of them in the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It really is as simple as providing people with a map. To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.’\u003ccite>Anthony Williams,\u003cbr>\nBendixen & Amandi International\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The numbers do not surprise Rue Mapp, the founder and CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://www.outdoorafro.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Outdoor Afro\u003c/a>, which sponsors outdoor activities. She says she’s talked with lots of blacks who love spending time in wild places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been out in the field and I have been listening to the stories,” Mapp says. “I have been pushing back on the stereotypes and assumptions. My answer has been consistently that you’re not looking in the right places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to note that the poll surveyed \u003ci>voters\u003c/i>. The results reflect higher interest levels than one might deduce from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national visitation numbers\u003c/a>. The most recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/CompSurvey2008_2009RaceEthnicity.pdf\">survey\u003c/a> of national parks in 2009 showed that only one in five tourists was a person of color. Yet, the country is twice that diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Barriers to Entry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survey respondents cited long distances and costs as the main reasons they don’t visit national parks more frequently. People of color are more likely to choose a community park near their home than trek to an unknown destination that may be expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re simply unaware, to a great extent, about the national public lands that are available around them whether it be parks, forests, historic sites, etcetera,” says Anthony Williams of Bendixen & Amandi International, the public opinion research firm which conducted the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several African-Americans I interviewed on the streets of San Francisco expressed a similar sentiment, for a recent \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\">story\u003c/a> about efforts to increase diversity in national parks. Besides not knowing which national parks are nearby, some people I talked to said they don’t feel welcome and think of national parks as playgrounds for white wealthy folks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The National Parks Need Visitors of Color to Stay Relevant\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams says increased outreach efforts are needed to educate underrepresented groups that neither the location nor the cost of many national parks is prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-895961\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Olive-Tambou-backpacking-at-point-reyes-annual-female-backpacking-trip-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Olive Tambou backpacking at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Olive Tambou backpacks at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It really is as simple as providing people with a map,” he says. “To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eighty percent of survey respondents support proposals to increase visitor access through urban parks, monuments, historic and cultural sites that focus on the contributions of minorities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, the National Park Service has not focused on marketing to communities of color because the the majority of the U.S. population has been of European descent. But demographics are changing. The Census Bureau predicts that by 2043, communities of color will be the national majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parks have to be reintroduced to more Americans in order to create a legacy of experience,” says Williams. “I would compare it to Disneyland. Disneyland has an enormous marketing budget and everybody knows where Disneyland is and what to expect when they get there. And so people budget for it, make the time for it and they go. The national public lands are really a secret that needs to get out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The release of the New America Media poll coincides with a national tour this week by federal officials who are commemorating the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service. U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell and Small Business Administrator Maria Contreras-Sweet will tour César E. Chávez National Monument in Southern California on Wednesday, August 24. They will then hold a town hall discussion addressing diversity and inclusion at national parks.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
},
"link": "/podcasts/rightnowish",
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