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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Wednesday, October 22, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California civil rights advocates are calling on the federal courts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">to halt Trump administration policies\u003c/a> leading to the arrest of asylum seekers, victims of trafficking and people attending immigration court hearings. A series of recent class action lawsuits argue: the arrests violate federal law and the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Humboldt County is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/health-and-medicine/2025-10-21/state-county-fund-75-million-expansion-of-mental-health-care-in-humboldt-county\">getting $75 million for mental health care.\u003c/a> The hope is that it will relieve pressure on emergency departments and jails serving those in crisis.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-Title-__Title__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">\u003cstrong>Bay Area Advocates Head To Court To Halt Trump Administration’s Immigration Policies\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a series of recent class action lawsuits, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> civil rights advocates are calling on the federal courts to halt what they call illegal Trump administration policies that are leading to the arrest of asylum seekers, victims of human trafficking and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12056762/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-sue-the-trump-administration-to-end-courthouse-arrests\">people attending immigration court hearings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three lawsuits filed in federal courts in California in recent weeks are part of a larger legal pushback by advocacy groups across the country challenging the Trump administration’s aggressive immigration enforcement tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when Homeland Security officials tout arrests of “heinous” criminals they call the “worst of the worst,” the lawsuits put the focus on the ways U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has targeted vulnerable people such as domestic violence survivors and those who’ve fled persecution, said UC Davis Law Professor Kevin Johnson. “These are serious constitutional and statutory claims … challenging the efforts of the Trump administration to tighten the immigration enforcement machinery around non-citizens,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ArtP-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/health-and-medicine/2025-10-21/state-county-fund-75-million-expansion-of-mental-health-care-in-humboldt-county\">\u003cstrong>State, County Fund $75 Million Expansion Of Mental Health Care In Humboldt County\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp class=\"ArtP-subheadline\">Humboldt County is getting tens of millions of dollars for mental health care in an effort to relieve pressure on emergency departments and jails serving those in crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senator Mike McGuire this week announced $75 million in state and county funding to expand mental health services in Humboldt County. The money will be used to build a new 20-bed inpatient psychiatric center in Eureka, set to open in 2030. The building will replace the 58-year-old Sempervirens Psychiatric Health Facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mad River Crisis Triage Center in Arcata also received $5.5 million for a 43-bed facility. The center previously received $12.4 million in contributions from the state, county, local hospitals and donors. The Sorrel Leaf Healing Center in Eureka will also open the region’s first children’s crisis residential program with $750,000 in funding. The program will be located on a 13-acre therapeutic farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The federal government, President Trump and federal Republicans are cutting health care and taking health care away from millions,” McGuire said. “The state of California is going to continue to invest and chart our future and focus on solving our toughest problems.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Wednesday, October 22, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">California civil rights advocates are calling on the federal courts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">to halt Trump administration policies\u003c/a> leading to the arrest of asylum seekers, victims of trafficking and people attending immigration court hearings. A series of recent class action lawsuits argue: the arrests violate federal law and the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Humboldt County is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/health-and-medicine/2025-10-21/state-county-fund-75-million-expansion-of-mental-health-care-in-humboldt-county\">getting $75 million for mental health care.\u003c/a> The hope is that it will relieve pressure on emergency departments and jails serving those in crisis.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"routes-Site-routes-Post-Title-__Title__title\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060821/bay-area-advocates-head-to-court-to-halt-trump-administrations-immigration-policies\">\u003cstrong>Bay Area Advocates Head To Court To Halt Trump Administration’s Immigration Policies\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a series of recent class action lawsuits, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> civil rights advocates are calling on the federal courts to halt what they call illegal Trump administration policies that are leading to the arrest of asylum seekers, victims of human trafficking and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12056762/bay-area-immigrant-advocates-sue-the-trump-administration-to-end-courthouse-arrests\">people attending immigration court hearings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three lawsuits filed in federal courts in California in recent weeks are part of a larger legal pushback by advocacy groups across the country challenging the Trump administration’s aggressive immigration enforcement tactics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a time when Homeland Security officials tout arrests of “heinous” criminals they call the “worst of the worst,” the lawsuits put the focus on the ways U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement has targeted vulnerable people such as domestic violence survivors and those who’ve fled persecution, said UC Davis Law Professor Kevin Johnson. “These are serious constitutional and statutory claims … challenging the efforts of the Trump administration to tighten the immigration enforcement machinery around non-citizens,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ArtP-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/health-and-medicine/2025-10-21/state-county-fund-75-million-expansion-of-mental-health-care-in-humboldt-county\">\u003cstrong>State, County Fund $75 Million Expansion Of Mental Health Care In Humboldt County\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp class=\"ArtP-subheadline\">Humboldt County is getting tens of millions of dollars for mental health care in an effort to relieve pressure on emergency departments and jails serving those in crisis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State Senator Mike McGuire this week announced $75 million in state and county funding to expand mental health services in Humboldt County. The money will be used to build a new 20-bed inpatient psychiatric center in Eureka, set to open in 2030. The building will replace the 58-year-old Sempervirens Psychiatric Health Facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mad River Crisis Triage Center in Arcata also received $5.5 million for a 43-bed facility. The center previously received $12.4 million in contributions from the state, county, local hospitals and donors. The Sorrel Leaf Healing Center in Eureka will also open the region’s first children’s crisis residential program with $750,000 in funding. The program will be located on a 13-acre therapeutic farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The federal government, President Trump and federal Republicans are cutting health care and taking health care away from millions,” McGuire said. “The state of California is going to continue to invest and chart our future and focus on solving our toughest problems.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>He hadn’t moved anything in the house. Their bed was still unmade — it had been like that for days, he said, since the last night they slept in it. Her shoes, tossed near the front door. On the small dining table were further scattered bits of her presence: the leaves of her morning mate, a stack of her unopened letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the kitchen, their dishes still sat untouched in the sink. He said he couldn’t bring himself to wash the ones they had used to eat breakfast before they left the house that last morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t know this was the last time she was going to come back,” he told \u003cem>El Tecolote\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past weeks, Roberto has been sleeping on a friend’s couch, too distraught to spend the night alone in his house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This July, Roberto’s wife Sandra was arrested by Immigration and Customs Enforcement during a routine check-in appointment at the agency’s San Francisco field office. Since then, she has been held in a detention center, waiting for updates on her pending asylum case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, ICE has allowed many immigrants with pending cases, like Sandra, to remain in their communities and work while they go through immigration proceedings. As an alternative to detention, those individuals must comply with several ICE supervision guidelines, including attending regular check-in appointments at ICE’s field offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050656\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandra’s closet remains full in the home she shares with her husband, Roberto, after she was detained during a check-in with immigration authorities in San Francisco, California, on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But since the Trump administration raised ICE’s daily arrest quotas in late May, arrests at routine check-ins have \u003ca href=\"https://eltecolote.org/content/en/sf-ice-detentions-checkin-court-arrests/\">surged\u003c/a>, sparking protests in San Francisco and beyond. Immigration advocates warn that the trend, coupled with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/28/us/immigrant-detention-conditions.html\">harsh detention conditions\u003c/a>, could pressure some asylum seekers to abandon viable claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal aid groups say dozens have been detained in recent weeks, with an estimated\u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2025/07/qa-meet-the-attorney-at-the-center-of-s-f-s-response-to-ice/\"> five to 15 arrests\u003c/a> daily at ICE’s San Francisco office, though shifting policies make the agency’s actions hard to predict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto said that the day Sandra was detained, ICE agents told him she could wait for updates on her case from inside a detention center, just as she had while living with him. Yet her process has already been ongoing for years. Sandra is still waiting for her first court date, according to ICE and immigration court records. With the backlog mounting, there is no telling when her case might move forward.[aside postID=news_12049817 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/230817-PETALUMA-VINEYARD-FARMWORKERS-AP-ER-KQED-1020x680.jpg']“For them, it’s very normal. But the result is a home destroyed,” Roberto said. “I’m really depressed. I haven’t eaten in days. I’m not hungry, I don’t want to eat anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s my family,” he added. “She’s my home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\">…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto met Sandra on Facebook in 2017, when they were still living on different continents. He was in San Francisco, working as a social worker and awaiting a decision on his own immigration case, when her profile popped up under the platform’s “People you might know” tab. Curious, he sent her a friendship request, and they began chatting, quickly discovering they had a world of commonalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She lived in the same small town that his parents had grown up in and that he had visited in his childhood. Her house was just three blocks away from his grandmother’s. She had spent 10 years living in the South American country where Roberto had been born and raised. Though they’d unknowingly walked the same streets, they had never crossed paths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They dated online for a few months, but after a while, the relationship fizzled out. Still, they stayed in touch: liking each other’s pictures and celebrating each other’s birthdays. In 2021, Roberto asked a friend traveling to Sandra’s town to buy and bring her candies. Their relationship rekindled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050659\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050659\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roberto shows a photograph on his phone of a heart shape made with his and Sandra’s hands. Sandra was arrested and detained by immigration authorities during a check-in at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office in San Francisco on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A year later, Sandra embarked on a months-long journey to meet him. She took several planes, crossed Central America on foot with some relatives, and got lost for 10 days in the Darien Gap, a dangerous stretch of rainforest between Colombia and Panama known as a major route for migrants. “She almost died,” Roberto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she eventually made it out of the jungle, she reunited with the relatives she had been walking with. Together, they made their way to the U.S.-Mexico border, where she turned herself in to border officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two months in detention, she was released to her uncle’s house in another U.S. state, and Roberto flew to see her for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a magical moment,” he said. “I had been waiting for a long time to meet her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, the couple started building a life together in San Francisco as they waited for updates on their immigration cases. Sandra started taking English classes at City College. They traveled across the U.S., visiting landmarks and meeting each other’s families. They slowly covered their fridge with magnets of the places they visited: New York City, Las Vegas, and Arizona. They put up souvenirs that their new friends had brought them from their trips around the world. Early this year, they celebrated their wedding.[aside postID=news_12047506 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250609-SEIUProtests-07-BL_qed.jpg']“We’re not just married,” Roberto said. “We go to the gym together, we’re together throughout the day and through the night. And we don’t get bored of each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandra, he said, is someone “everyone loves.” She buys clothes to donate to homeless shelters. She cooks for her friends and Roberto’s coworkers, and always returns from her trips with gifts for them. She calls her parents regularly and is very close to his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, Roberto said, “Many things started happening at once.” After almost a decade of waiting, Roberto secured legal status. In late June, they took a trip so Sandra could reunite with her two brothers. Soon after, he received a promotion at work. The couple was elated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were already planning their next trip to Washington D.C., and once Sandra obtained legal status, to visit the rest of the world, starting with Denmark and the Dominican Republic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were looking to start a family,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the morning after they learned of Roberto’s promotion, their lives took a turn when ICE arrested Sandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\">…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto can’t stop lamenting that day. That morning, as they waited for her appointment, she was “more affectionate than normal,” taking a selfie with Roberto and giving him small kisses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She asked him to give her a hug, he said, and he told her she was being dramatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050657\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandra’s teddy bear remains untouched on the couple’s bed after she was arrested and detained by immigration authorities during a check-in at ICE’s San Francisco office on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As 9 a.m. approached, Roberto told Sandra he had to leave for work. She didn’t want to be left alone and asked him to call in sick. But he was scheduled to start in 30 minutes, and decided to go in for the first part of the work day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My love,” he said he told her, “I’ll come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by the time he was clocking in, his phone rang. The call, he said, came from an unidentified number. When he picked up, he heard Sandra’s voice. She had been arrested, she told him, and would soon be moved to a detention center. Roberto rushed out of work and began calling legal aid groups. It was already too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like she could feel like something was going to happen,” Roberto said. “And I was so stupid … I think that if I had been with her, maybe they wouldn’t have taken her. I don’t know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE transferred Sandra to a detention center where she remains, according to \u003ca href=\"https://locator.ice.gov/odls/\">the agency’s detainee locator\u003c/a>. And Roberto was left outside, facing new beginnings, but separated from the person he most wanted to share them with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050660\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roberto stands in the kitchen of the apartment he shares with his wife, Sandra. The space remains untouched after Sandra was arrested and detained by immigration authorities during a check-in at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office in San Francisco on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“How can I stay focused?” he said. “I’ve gone to church a lot to beg God. I’ve gone to the beach because that’s where you feel the presence. And I’ve cried. I’ve cried so much. I won’t be at peace until we’re together again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Roberto and Sandra call every day. He sends her money so she can rent a tablet from the facility and pay for video calls with him and her lawyer. Roberto said agents at the facility told Sandra that her case would take time to be resolved, making her feel hopeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She doesn’t want to be there for a long time,” Roberto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite urging Sandra not to sign any documents, Roberto said lawyers and nonprofits haven’t given them much hope either.[aside postID=news_12050470 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250731-DEPORTBILL-JG-2_qed.jpg']Some told him Sandra might be deported to her home country. Others said that she might be able to get out of detention, but that it will take time. Some said it might be easier for her to decide to leave on her own, and for Roberto to bring her back, a path that could take years. One supposed attorney claimed he could get Sandra out in a year for $25,000 up front — an offer many nonprofits warn immigrants to be wary of. Roberto walked out. Sandra’s attorney, meanwhile, continues to fight for her pending asylum application, which allows her to remain in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE has also made it harder for many detained immigrants to be released, said Alex Mensing of the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice (CCIJ). A new July policy made millions \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/millions-undocumented-immigrants-longer-eligible-bond-hearings-ice/story?id=123761973\">ineligible for bond hearings\u003c/a>, and release decisions now often rely on ICE’s discretion, making outcomes “arbitrary and very political.” The current landscape could further complicate Roberto and Sandra’s desire to reunite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All I want is to have her with me,” Roberto said. “That’s all I want. I want my wife to be with me again, but it doesn’t seem like it will be possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto has considered visiting the detention center so he can see Sandra in person, but lawyers and family have warned him not to, fearing that, without citizenship, he might be at risk of detention as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside his house, he said, it’s impossible not to remember her. On a cabinet near the kitchen table are three framed photographs: the two of them bundled up in Lake Tahoe, Roberto kissing Sandra’s cheek at the edge of the Grand Canyon, and a portrait of Sandra’s parents, smiling. Her favorite snacks are still stocked in the drawers. Her makeup is still in the bathroom. Her gym bag sits by the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto said he can’t bring himself to touch anything Sandra left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s my best friend,” he said. “And I don’t know when I’m going to be with her again. I don’t know why they’re doing this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://eltecolote.org/content/en/ice-check-in-sf-separated/\">\u003cem>El Tecolote originally published this article\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. The couple’s names and countries of origin have been changed or withheld at their request, due to fear of retaliation. Key details were verified via ICE and immigration court records, documentation reviewed during a home visit and confirmation from legal advocates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "He fell in love with an asylum seeker. After building a life together in San Francisco, a routine Immigration and Customs Enforcement check-in tore them apart again.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>He hadn’t moved anything in the house. Their bed was still unmade — it had been like that for days, he said, since the last night they slept in it. Her shoes, tossed near the front door. On the small dining table were further scattered bits of her presence: the leaves of her morning mate, a stack of her unopened letters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the kitchen, their dishes still sat untouched in the sink. He said he couldn’t bring himself to wash the ones they had used to eat breakfast before they left the house that last morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t know this was the last time she was going to come back,” he told \u003cem>El Tecolote\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past weeks, Roberto has been sleeping on a friend’s couch, too distraught to spend the night alone in his house.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This July, Roberto’s wife Sandra was arrested by Immigration and Customs Enforcement during a routine check-in appointment at the agency’s San Francisco field office. Since then, she has been held in a detention center, waiting for updates on her pending asylum case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, ICE has allowed many immigrants with pending cases, like Sandra, to remain in their communities and work while they go through immigration proceedings. As an alternative to detention, those individuals must comply with several ICE supervision guidelines, including attending regular check-in appointments at ICE’s field offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050656\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050656\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-02-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandra’s closet remains full in the home she shares with her husband, Roberto, after she was detained during a check-in with immigration authorities in San Francisco, California, on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But since the Trump administration raised ICE’s daily arrest quotas in late May, arrests at routine check-ins have \u003ca href=\"https://eltecolote.org/content/en/sf-ice-detentions-checkin-court-arrests/\">surged\u003c/a>, sparking protests in San Francisco and beyond. Immigration advocates warn that the trend, coupled with \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/06/28/us/immigrant-detention-conditions.html\">harsh detention conditions\u003c/a>, could pressure some asylum seekers to abandon viable claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legal aid groups say dozens have been detained in recent weeks, with an estimated\u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2025/07/qa-meet-the-attorney-at-the-center-of-s-f-s-response-to-ice/\"> five to 15 arrests\u003c/a> daily at ICE’s San Francisco office, though shifting policies make the agency’s actions hard to predict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto said that the day Sandra was detained, ICE agents told him she could wait for updates on her case from inside a detention center, just as she had while living with him. Yet her process has already been ongoing for years. Sandra is still waiting for her first court date, according to ICE and immigration court records. With the backlog mounting, there is no telling when her case might move forward.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“For them, it’s very normal. But the result is a home destroyed,” Roberto said. “I’m really depressed. I haven’t eaten in days. I’m not hungry, I don’t want to eat anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s my family,” he added. “She’s my home.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\">…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto met Sandra on Facebook in 2017, when they were still living on different continents. He was in San Francisco, working as a social worker and awaiting a decision on his own immigration case, when her profile popped up under the platform’s “People you might know” tab. Curious, he sent her a friendship request, and they began chatting, quickly discovering they had a world of commonalities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She lived in the same small town that his parents had grown up in and that he had visited in his childhood. Her house was just three blocks away from his grandmother’s. She had spent 10 years living in the South American country where Roberto had been born and raised. Though they’d unknowingly walked the same streets, they had never crossed paths.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They dated online for a few months, but after a while, the relationship fizzled out. Still, they stayed in touch: liking each other’s pictures and celebrating each other’s birthdays. In 2021, Roberto asked a friend traveling to Sandra’s town to buy and bring her candies. Their relationship rekindled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050659\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050659\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-08-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roberto shows a photograph on his phone of a heart shape made with his and Sandra’s hands. Sandra was arrested and detained by immigration authorities during a check-in at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office in San Francisco on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A year later, Sandra embarked on a months-long journey to meet him. She took several planes, crossed Central America on foot with some relatives, and got lost for 10 days in the Darien Gap, a dangerous stretch of rainforest between Colombia and Panama known as a major route for migrants. “She almost died,” Roberto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When she eventually made it out of the jungle, she reunited with the relatives she had been walking with. Together, they made their way to the U.S.-Mexico border, where she turned herself in to border officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After two months in detention, she was released to her uncle’s house in another U.S. state, and Roberto flew to see her for the first time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a magical moment,” he said. “I had been waiting for a long time to meet her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the next three years, the couple started building a life together in San Francisco as they waited for updates on their immigration cases. Sandra started taking English classes at City College. They traveled across the U.S., visiting landmarks and meeting each other’s families. They slowly covered their fridge with magnets of the places they visited: New York City, Las Vegas, and Arizona. They put up souvenirs that their new friends had brought them from their trips around the world. Early this year, they celebrated their wedding.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We’re not just married,” Roberto said. “We go to the gym together, we’re together throughout the day and through the night. And we don’t get bored of each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandra, he said, is someone “everyone loves.” She buys clothes to donate to homeless shelters. She cooks for her friends and Roberto’s coworkers, and always returns from her trips with gifts for them. She calls her parents regularly and is very close to his family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This summer, Roberto said, “Many things started happening at once.” After almost a decade of waiting, Roberto secured legal status. In late June, they took a trip so Sandra could reunite with her two brothers. Soon after, he received a promotion at work. The couple was elated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They were already planning their next trip to Washington D.C., and once Sandra obtained legal status, to visit the rest of the world, starting with Denmark and the Dominican Republic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were looking to start a family,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the morning after they learned of Roberto’s promotion, their lives took a turn when ICE arrested Sandra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp style=\"text-align: center;\">…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto can’t stop lamenting that day. That morning, as they waited for her appointment, she was “more affectionate than normal,” taking a selfie with Roberto and giving him small kisses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She asked him to give her a hug, he said, and he told her she was being dramatic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050657\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-04-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandra’s teddy bear remains untouched on the couple’s bed after she was arrested and detained by immigration authorities during a check-in at ICE’s San Francisco office on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As 9 a.m. approached, Roberto told Sandra he had to leave for work. She didn’t want to be left alone and asked him to call in sick. But he was scheduled to start in 30 minutes, and decided to go in for the first part of the work day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My love,” he said he told her, “I’ll come back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by the time he was clocking in, his phone rang. The call, he said, came from an unidentified number. When he picked up, he heard Sandra’s voice. She had been arrested, she told him, and would soon be moved to a detention center. Roberto rushed out of work and began calling legal aid groups. It was already too late.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like she could feel like something was going to happen,” Roberto said. “And I was so stupid … I think that if I had been with her, maybe they wouldn’t have taken her. I don’t know.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE transferred Sandra to a detention center where she remains, according to \u003ca href=\"https://locator.ice.gov/odls/\">the agency’s detainee locator\u003c/a>. And Roberto was left outside, facing new beginnings, but separated from the person he most wanted to share them with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12050660\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12050660\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/07112025-ICECOUPLEDEPORTED-ET-PU-12-KQED-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Roberto stands in the kitchen of the apartment he shares with his wife, Sandra. The space remains untouched after Sandra was arrested and detained by immigration authorities during a check-in at the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement office in San Francisco on July 11, 2025. \u003ccite>(Pablo Unzueta for El Tecolote for CatchLight Local)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“How can I stay focused?” he said. “I’ve gone to church a lot to beg God. I’ve gone to the beach because that’s where you feel the presence. And I’ve cried. I’ve cried so much. I won’t be at peace until we’re together again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Roberto and Sandra call every day. He sends her money so she can rent a tablet from the facility and pay for video calls with him and her lawyer. Roberto said agents at the facility told Sandra that her case would take time to be resolved, making her feel hopeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She doesn’t want to be there for a long time,” Roberto said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite urging Sandra not to sign any documents, Roberto said lawyers and nonprofits haven’t given them much hope either.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Some told him Sandra might be deported to her home country. Others said that she might be able to get out of detention, but that it will take time. Some said it might be easier for her to decide to leave on her own, and for Roberto to bring her back, a path that could take years. One supposed attorney claimed he could get Sandra out in a year for $25,000 up front — an offer many nonprofits warn immigrants to be wary of. Roberto walked out. Sandra’s attorney, meanwhile, continues to fight for her pending asylum application, which allows her to remain in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE has also made it harder for many detained immigrants to be released, said Alex Mensing of the California Collaborative for Immigrant Justice (CCIJ). A new July policy made millions \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/millions-undocumented-immigrants-longer-eligible-bond-hearings-ice/story?id=123761973\">ineligible for bond hearings\u003c/a>, and release decisions now often rely on ICE’s discretion, making outcomes “arbitrary and very political.” The current landscape could further complicate Roberto and Sandra’s desire to reunite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All I want is to have her with me,” Roberto said. “That’s all I want. I want my wife to be with me again, but it doesn’t seem like it will be possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto has considered visiting the detention center so he can see Sandra in person, but lawyers and family have warned him not to, fearing that, without citizenship, he might be at risk of detention as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside his house, he said, it’s impossible not to remember her. On a cabinet near the kitchen table are three framed photographs: the two of them bundled up in Lake Tahoe, Roberto kissing Sandra’s cheek at the edge of the Grand Canyon, and a portrait of Sandra’s parents, smiling. Her favorite snacks are still stocked in the drawers. Her makeup is still in the bathroom. Her gym bag sits by the door.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberto said he can’t bring himself to touch anything Sandra left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She’s my best friend,” he said. “And I don’t know when I’m going to be with her again. I don’t know why they’re doing this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://eltecolote.org/content/en/ice-check-in-sf-separated/\">\u003cem>El Tecolote originally published this article\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. The couple’s names and countries of origin have been changed or withheld at their request, due to fear of retaliation. Key details were verified via ICE and immigration court records, documentation reviewed during a home visit and confirmation from legal advocates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union has filed a motion in federal court to stop the Department of Justice from cutting off legal services for families who were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785409/new-search-begins-for-deported-parents-of-separated-migrant-children\">forcibly separated\u003c/a> at the U.S.-Mexico border during the first Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026959/families-separated-at-the-border-are-protected-by-a-2023-settlement-will-trump-honor-it\">settlement agreement reached during the Biden Administration\u003c/a> requires the government to provide legal services to those families in order to help them navigate the complex U.S. immigration system. According to the ACLU’s motion, filed Wednesday in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California, the DOJ has declined to renew a contract for the services without specifying what will replace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the “Zero Tolerance” immigration policy of Trump’s first term, federal agencies detained families entering the country illegally, took children away from their parents, sent them to separate facilities and eventually released them to other family members or to foster care. Nearly 5,000 family members were separated. In many cases, the government did not take steps to reunite them and lost track of which children belonged to which parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026959/families-separated-at-the-border-are-protected-by-a-2023-settlement-will-trump-honor-it\">ACLU filed a class action lawsuit against the federal government\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/cases/ms-l-v-ice\">violating families’ right to due process\u003c/a> under the U.S. Constitution, and for separating them without cause. The Biden administration settled the lawsuit in December 2023 by agreeing to reunite families who were still separated and provide them with a pathway to asylum in the United States, including a temporary status called parole. Before approving the settlement, federal Judge Dana Sabraw of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California in San Diego said family separation “represents one of the most shameful chapters in the history of our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the special conditions granted to these families created a complex web of applications to fill out and documents to produce, the agreement also required the government to ensure access to lawyers who could guide them. The ACLU said those services are now at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738375\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11738375\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young girl holds a sign during a demonstration outside of the San Francisco office of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on June 19, 2018 in San Francisco over the Trump administration family separation policy.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-1200x798.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young girl holds a sign during a demonstration outside of the San Francisco office of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on June 19, 2018 in San Francisco over the Trump administration family separation policy. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Babies were horrifically ripped from their parents’ arms under the first Trump administration’s family separation policy,” said ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt, lead counsel in the family separation lawsuit. “Depriving these families of vital services needed to remedy these tragic events is just the latest cruelty inflicted upon the families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government claims it is only declining to renew the existing contract, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/documents/motion\">the ACLU’s filing\u003c/a>, and does not intend to allow legal services to lapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, with less than a week before the contract expires, the ACLU said the government has yet to explain how it will do that. “Absent the contract,” the filing reads, “the legal services subcontractors have no choice but to stop services altogether.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOJ did not respond to requests for comment.[aside postID=news_12026959 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/10/CBP-family-border-1020x680.jpg']The program, formally called Legal Access Services for Reunified Families, was created in May 2024 through a contract between the DOJ and Acacia Center for Justice, a nonprofit immigrant legal defense organization based in Washington, D.C. Acacia distributed the funding to nine organizations around the country that have been providing legal services directly to families impacted by Zero Tolerance. Services include workshops on how to navigate immigration court proceedings, assistance with immigration applications and referrals to pro bono attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Acacia notes that the funding level of the existing contract only covered 12% of the thousands who qualify for legal guidance under the settlement agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acacia expected the contract to be renewed at the end of this month, and subcontractors had been slating waitlisted families for support starting May 1, according to declarations filed with the ACLU motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of them have parole that are ending now in May and June. So they are really desperate to receive services, and they kept calling us and we would tell them we have you on the list,” said Marien Velez-Alcaide, a managing attorney for the family reunification program at \u003ca href=\"https://alotrolado.org/\">Al Otro Lado\u003c/a>, one of the organizations that has received funding through Acacia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit operates on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border in San Diego, Los Angeles and Tijuana, and said it has served 140 people impacted by Zero Tolerance family separations, including 97 in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOJ informed Acacia of the non-renewal on April 11, less than a month before the contract was set to end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1545px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037592\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1545\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf.png 1545w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-800x1036.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-1020x1320.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-160x207.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-1187x1536.png 1187w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1545px) 100vw, 1545px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A copy of a notice-of-termination letter sent by the U.S. Department of Justice to Acacia Center for Justice, a nonprofit immigrant legal defense organization that has been providing legal services to members of separated families in accordance with a 2023 settlement between the Biden Administration and the ACLU.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the settlement agreement does not require the government to provide full legal representation to family members who were separated under Zero Tolerance, advocates say the support is vital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Family members who’ve been separated] don’t know what their rights are,” under the settlement, said Velez-Alcaide. “So it’s really fundamental for them to be able to receive assistance and know what they qualify for, what are the deadlines, how to fill out the applications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a declaration filed with the ACLU motion, Velez-Alcaide wrote that she has heard from clients who are “terrified of the potential consequences for themselves and their families,” including being separated again if their immigration claims fail, or losing their jobs if they’re unable to obtain or renew work permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is family separation by another name,” said Zain Lakhani, director of migrant rights and justice at the Women’s Refugee Commission, at a virtual press conference convened by Acacia on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The apparent threat to legal services for separated families comes as the Trump administration continues to dismantle other supports for people seeking asylum in the United States, including a program providing legal representation for unaccompanied children. Many children were designated unaccompanied after they were separated from their families and have been represented by attorneys under that program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035874\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035874\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/gettyimages-2210243092-scaled-e1745537471811.jpeg\" alt=\"President Trump meets with President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador in the Oval Office on April 14, 2025.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Trump meets with President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador in the Oval Office on April 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some legal services providers have begun laying off staff in the wake of federal funding cuts across the immigration field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The risks for class members are skyrocketing, and the elimination of services means the further erosion of due process,” said Sara Van Hofwegen, managing director of legal access programs at the Acacia Center for Justice, during Thursday’s event. “These families who’ve endured so much trauma at the hand of our government have been told that the United States is not keeping our promise to help them rebuild their lives or assist them with their cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velez-Alcaide said Al Otro Lado has ramped up fundraising efforts to avoid having to leave separated families in the lurch after May 1, especially because the ACLU’s court challenge may move slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know how long it’s going to take, and a lot of these families don’t have the time to wait,” she said. “In the meantime, they’re living in fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californianewsroom#:~:text=About%20the%20California%20Newsroom&text=The%20California%20Newsroom%3A&text=provides%20one%2Don%2Done%20mentorship,UC%20Berkeley%20Journalism%20Fellows%20program.\">\u003cem>The California Newsroom\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a KQED-led collaboration of public media outlets throughout the state, with NPR as its national partner.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The American Civil Liberties Union has filed a motion in federal court to stop the Department of Justice from cutting off legal services for families who were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11785409/new-search-begins-for-deported-parents-of-separated-migrant-children\">forcibly separated\u003c/a> at the U.S.-Mexico border during the first Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026959/families-separated-at-the-border-are-protected-by-a-2023-settlement-will-trump-honor-it\">settlement agreement reached during the Biden Administration\u003c/a> requires the government to provide legal services to those families in order to help them navigate the complex U.S. immigration system. According to the ACLU’s motion, filed Wednesday in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California, the DOJ has declined to renew a contract for the services without specifying what will replace it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the “Zero Tolerance” immigration policy of Trump’s first term, federal agencies detained families entering the country illegally, took children away from their parents, sent them to separate facilities and eventually released them to other family members or to foster care. Nearly 5,000 family members were separated. In many cases, the government did not take steps to reunite them and lost track of which children belonged to which parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12026959/families-separated-at-the-border-are-protected-by-a-2023-settlement-will-trump-honor-it\">ACLU filed a class action lawsuit against the federal government\u003c/a> for \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/cases/ms-l-v-ice\">violating families’ right to due process\u003c/a> under the U.S. Constitution, and for separating them without cause. The Biden administration settled the lawsuit in December 2023 by agreeing to reunite families who were still separated and provide them with a pathway to asylum in the United States, including a temporary status called parole. Before approving the settlement, federal Judge Dana Sabraw of the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of California in San Diego said family separation “represents one of the most shameful chapters in the history of our country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because the special conditions granted to these families created a complex web of applications to fill out and documents to produce, the agreement also required the government to ensure access to lawyers who could guide them. The ACLU said those services are now at risk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11738375\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11738375\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young girl holds a sign during a demonstration outside of the San Francisco office of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on June 19, 2018 in San Francisco over the Trump administration family separation policy.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1276\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-800x532.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-1020x678.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/04/RS36430_GettyImages-978854834-qut-1200x798.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A young girl holds a sign during a demonstration outside of the San Francisco office of the Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) on June 19, 2018 in San Francisco over the Trump administration family separation policy. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Babies were horrifically ripped from their parents’ arms under the first Trump administration’s family separation policy,” said ACLU attorney Lee Gelernt, lead counsel in the family separation lawsuit. “Depriving these families of vital services needed to remedy these tragic events is just the latest cruelty inflicted upon the families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government claims it is only declining to renew the existing contract, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/documents/motion\">the ACLU’s filing\u003c/a>, and does not intend to allow legal services to lapse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, with less than a week before the contract expires, the ACLU said the government has yet to explain how it will do that. “Absent the contract,” the filing reads, “the legal services subcontractors have no choice but to stop services altogether.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOJ did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The program, formally called Legal Access Services for Reunified Families, was created in May 2024 through a contract between the DOJ and Acacia Center for Justice, a nonprofit immigrant legal defense organization based in Washington, D.C. Acacia distributed the funding to nine organizations around the country that have been providing legal services directly to families impacted by Zero Tolerance. Services include workshops on how to navigate immigration court proceedings, assistance with immigration applications and referrals to pro bono attorneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, Acacia notes that the funding level of the existing contract only covered 12% of the thousands who qualify for legal guidance under the settlement agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acacia expected the contract to be renewed at the end of this month, and subcontractors had been slating waitlisted families for support starting May 1, according to declarations filed with the ACLU motion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of them have parole that are ending now in May and June. So they are really desperate to receive services, and they kept calling us and we would tell them we have you on the list,” said Marien Velez-Alcaide, a managing attorney for the family reunification program at \u003ca href=\"https://alotrolado.org/\">Al Otro Lado\u003c/a>, one of the organizations that has received funding through Acacia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit operates on both sides of the U.S.-Mexico border in San Diego, Los Angeles and Tijuana, and said it has served 140 people impacted by Zero Tolerance family separations, including 97 in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DOJ informed Acacia of the non-renewal on April 11, less than a month before the contract was set to end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1545px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037592\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1545\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf.png 1545w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-800x1036.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-1020x1320.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-160x207.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/DOJ-Acacia-letter.pdf-1187x1536.png 1187w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1545px) 100vw, 1545px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A copy of a notice-of-termination letter sent by the U.S. Department of Justice to Acacia Center for Justice, a nonprofit immigrant legal defense organization that has been providing legal services to members of separated families in accordance with a 2023 settlement between the Biden Administration and the ACLU.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While the settlement agreement does not require the government to provide full legal representation to family members who were separated under Zero Tolerance, advocates say the support is vital.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Family members who’ve been separated] don’t know what their rights are,” under the settlement, said Velez-Alcaide. “So it’s really fundamental for them to be able to receive assistance and know what they qualify for, what are the deadlines, how to fill out the applications.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a declaration filed with the ACLU motion, Velez-Alcaide wrote that she has heard from clients who are “terrified of the potential consequences for themselves and their families,” including being separated again if their immigration claims fail, or losing their jobs if they’re unable to obtain or renew work permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is family separation by another name,” said Zain Lakhani, director of migrant rights and justice at the Women’s Refugee Commission, at a virtual press conference convened by Acacia on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The apparent threat to legal services for separated families comes as the Trump administration continues to dismantle other supports for people seeking asylum in the United States, including a program providing legal representation for unaccompanied children. Many children were designated unaccompanied after they were separated from their families and have been represented by attorneys under that program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035874\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035874\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/gettyimages-2210243092-scaled-e1745537471811.jpeg\" alt=\"President Trump meets with President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador in the Oval Office on April 14, 2025.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Trump meets with President Nayib Bukele of El Salvador in the Oval Office on April 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Win McNamee/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some legal services providers have begun laying off staff in the wake of federal funding cuts across the immigration field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The risks for class members are skyrocketing, and the elimination of services means the further erosion of due process,” said Sara Van Hofwegen, managing director of legal access programs at the Acacia Center for Justice, during Thursday’s event. “These families who’ve endured so much trauma at the hand of our government have been told that the United States is not keeping our promise to help them rebuild their lives or assist them with their cases.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velez-Alcaide said Al Otro Lado has ramped up fundraising efforts to avoid having to leave separated families in the lurch after May 1, especially because the ACLU’s court challenge may move slowly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t know how long it’s going to take, and a lot of these families don’t have the time to wait,” she said. “In the meantime, they’re living in fear.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/californianewsroom#:~:text=About%20the%20California%20Newsroom&text=The%20California%20Newsroom%3A&text=provides%20one%2Don%2Done%20mentorship,UC%20Berkeley%20Journalism%20Fellows%20program.\">\u003cem>The California Newsroom\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a KQED-led collaboration of public media outlets throughout the state, with NPR as its national partner.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When the nurse told Yasmelin Velazquez she was going to be hospitalized for a couple of days, Velazquez’s anxiety spiked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can’t stay!” she exclaimed. “I have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11975904/new-bay-area-immigration-court-opens-aims-to-tackle-deportation-backlog\">immigration court\u003c/a> tomorrow!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hospitalization comes at a bad time. Missing her first court hearing the next day would almost guarantee a deportation order for the 36-year-old Venezuelan \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">immigrant\u003c/a> and her two young sons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s especially on edge since receiving \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/08/g-s1-58984/cbp-one-app-migrants-dhs-border\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>an email\u003c/u>\u003c/a> from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security two days earlier notifying her that her temporary status in the country was terminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is time for you to leave the United States,” the email read. “Do not attempt to remain in the United States — the federal government will find you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velazquez is among the growing number of migrants who received the DHS email. All of them came to the U.S. through legal pathways now terminated by President Trump, or were given temporary protection from deportation after surrendering to immigration authorities at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12034703 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/250319-UCBerkeleyProtest-14-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are now left in limbo: Should they stay and continue the legal process? Could they be detained or deported while waiting for their day in court?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR has followed Velazquez’s immigration journey from Ciudad Juárez, México, where she waited 8 months to enter the U.S. via the CBP One app, a Biden-era legal pathway for asylum seekers. She became one of 900,000 people who used the app, which was the only way to schedule an immigration hearing in the U.S. at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as her court date approached, Velazquez told NPR she was getting nervous. Migrants have been picked up by immigration authorities at court lately, and that could happen to her, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, her doctor called during Velazquez’s shift at Walmart. The doctor explained that she had some bad test results and might need to stay in the emergency room for a couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After pushing back, Velazquez was cleared to leave the hospital. She will make it to court the next day – but the doctor warns her condition could worsen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/6720x4480+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc1%2F1f%2Fcab713b94f82a20943cb5fce3b48%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-136.jpg\" alt=\"Outside John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital in Indio, Calif., Yasmelin Valazquez waits for her partner to bring the car around on April 9, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>Outside John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital in Indio, Calif., Yasmelin Valazquez waits for her partner to bring the car around on April 9, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F39%2F58%2F9d61d3474b61b62b16c5c37da07d%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-146.jpg\" alt=\"After being away overnight, Yasmelin Valazquez is greeted with joy as her two sons jump on her in a reunion on April 9, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>After being away overnight, Yasmelin Valazquez is greeted with joy as her two sons jump on her in a reunion on April 9, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The sun had not risen when Velazquez, her partner, and her two little boys, 2-year-old Jeremías and 4-year-old Jordan, left their home in Indio, California, the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Father God, be our lawyer, be our judge,” they prayed. “Touch the heart of Judge Simmons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are anxious — so they sing while they drive their used black SUV down the highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than two hours on the road, the family pulls up at the immigration court in an industrial park in a Southern California suburb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dozen or so other families make their way into the courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5418x3612+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6b%2Ffa%2F856691424698ae292a70c87b09c9%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-166.jpg\" alt=\"Yasmelin Valazquez wakes up her two sons at 3:30 in the morning to have breakfast before they leave for immigration court. April 10, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>Yasmelin Valazquez wakes up her two sons at 3:30 in the morning to have breakfast before they leave for immigration court. April 10, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5657x3771+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F54%2Fda%2F52f06fc74f519f46c9c0f319465c%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-178.jpg\" alt=\"Yasmelin Valazquez's sons sit quietly as the family drives two hours to immigration court on April 10, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>Yasmelin Valazquez’s sons sit quietly as the family drives two hours to immigration court on April 10, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>First hearings like this one are usually low-stakes. A judge validates the migrants’ identities, and they decide whether to file for a form of relief, such as asylum. Then a second hearing is scheduled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But under Trump, anything can happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the courtroom, Velazquez and the kids sit in the first row of wooden benches. They wait an hour for their turn– long enough that the two-year-old pees his pants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the judge asks Velazquez whether she understands the reason she’s in court: that the government believes she doesn’t have a legal right to be in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes,” she replies quietly, adding that she’s planning to claim asylum later this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge tells her to come back in August, this time with an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole interaction only took a few minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velazquez is free to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5170x3447+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F3b%2Fdf%2Ff88d55fc4af78dfd4c90f8c58046%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-181.jpg\" alt=\"With a little nervousness, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family arrive for thier immigration court hearing in Santa Ana, California on April 10, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>With a little nervousness, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family arrive for thier immigration court hearing in Santa Ana, California on April 10, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5123x3414+0+555/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6a%2F48%2F97974ae948d4ac902739b7dbca9c%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-190.jpg\" alt=\"After immigration court, Yasmelin Valazquez secures her paperwork inside her folder where she keeps track of her documents. April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR\">\u003cfigcaption>After immigration court, Yasmelin Valazquez secures her paperwork inside her folder where she keeps track of her documents. April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I feel victorious,” she tells NPR after the hearing, her relieved laughter ringing over the parking lot while her kids snack on juice and arepas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But their day isn’t over yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next is another hour-long drive to Velazquez’s regular in-person check-in with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, which she has to do every few months in addition to weekly calls and texts with the agent in charge of her parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the check-in seems scarier. There have been reports of migrants being picked up by agents as they go into the ICE office. And now, there’s that email from DHS to worry about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velazquez enters the office and meets with the agent assigned to her case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight minutes later, she comes out again, beaming a huge smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, my future looks marvelous,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was not detained today, but her optimism might be premature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5900x3933+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F0b%2Fec%2F48b9a0214833b8fb1bedbdf6c1a6%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-195.jpg\" alt=\"After a long day, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family share a moment of joy at a parking lot in San Bernadino, California on April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR\">\u003cfigcaption>After a long day, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family share a moment of joy at a parking lot in San Bernadino, California on April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She has a long way to go in her quest for legal status, and the Trump administration is unpredictable and willing to push legal limits to fulfill its goal of deporting millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Velazquez knows that when you are living day-to-day in the U.S., you take a win when you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like I’ll be able to obtain permanent residency, and who knows, maybe citizenship, too!” she says, laughing and smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are now left in limbo: Should they stay and continue the legal process? Could they be detained or deported while waiting for their day in court?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR has followed Velazquez’s immigration journey from Ciudad Juárez, México, where she waited 8 months to enter the U.S. via the CBP One app, a Biden-era legal pathway for asylum seekers. She became one of 900,000 people who used the app, which was the only way to schedule an immigration hearing in the U.S. at the time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as her court date approached, Velazquez told NPR she was getting nervous. Migrants have been picked up by immigration authorities at court lately, and that could happen to her, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, her doctor called during Velazquez’s shift at Walmart. The doctor explained that she had some bad test results and might need to stay in the emergency room for a couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After pushing back, Velazquez was cleared to leave the hospital. She will make it to court the next day – but the doctor warns her condition could worsen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/6720x4480+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fc1%2F1f%2Fcab713b94f82a20943cb5fce3b48%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-136.jpg\" alt=\"Outside John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital in Indio, Calif., Yasmelin Valazquez waits for her partner to bring the car around on April 9, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>Outside John F. Kennedy Memorial Hospital in Indio, Calif., Yasmelin Valazquez waits for her partner to bring the car around on April 9, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/6000x4000+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F39%2F58%2F9d61d3474b61b62b16c5c37da07d%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-146.jpg\" alt=\"After being away overnight, Yasmelin Valazquez is greeted with joy as her two sons jump on her in a reunion on April 9, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>After being away overnight, Yasmelin Valazquez is greeted with joy as her two sons jump on her in a reunion on April 9, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The sun had not risen when Velazquez, her partner, and her two little boys, 2-year-old Jeremías and 4-year-old Jordan, left their home in Indio, California, the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Father God, be our lawyer, be our judge,” they prayed. “Touch the heart of Judge Simmons.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They are anxious — so they sing while they drive their used black SUV down the highway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than two hours on the road, the family pulls up at the immigration court in an industrial park in a Southern California suburb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A dozen or so other families make their way into the courtroom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5418x3612+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6b%2Ffa%2F856691424698ae292a70c87b09c9%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-166.jpg\" alt=\"Yasmelin Valazquez wakes up her two sons at 3:30 in the morning to have breakfast before they leave for immigration court. April 10, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>Yasmelin Valazquez wakes up her two sons at 3:30 in the morning to have breakfast before they leave for immigration court. April 10, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5657x3771+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F54%2Fda%2F52f06fc74f519f46c9c0f319465c%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-178.jpg\" alt=\"Yasmelin Valazquez's sons sit quietly as the family drives two hours to immigration court on April 10, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>Yasmelin Valazquez’s sons sit quietly as the family drives two hours to immigration court on April 10, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>First hearings like this one are usually low-stakes. A judge validates the migrants’ identities, and they decide whether to file for a form of relief, such as asylum. Then a second hearing is scheduled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But under Trump, anything can happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside the courtroom, Velazquez and the kids sit in the first row of wooden benches. They wait an hour for their turn– long enough that the two-year-old pees his pants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, the judge asks Velazquez whether she understands the reason she’s in court: that the government believes she doesn’t have a legal right to be in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yes,” she replies quietly, adding that she’s planning to claim asylum later this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge tells her to come back in August, this time with an attorney.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The whole interaction only took a few minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velazquez is free to go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5170x3447+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F3b%2Fdf%2Ff88d55fc4af78dfd4c90f8c58046%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-181.jpg\" alt=\"With a little nervousness, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family arrive for thier immigration court hearing in Santa Ana, California on April 10, 2025.\">\u003cfigcaption>With a little nervousness, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family arrive for thier immigration court hearing in Santa Ana, California on April 10, 2025. \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5123x3414+0+555/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F6a%2F48%2F97974ae948d4ac902739b7dbca9c%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-190.jpg\" alt=\"After immigration court, Yasmelin Valazquez secures her paperwork inside her folder where she keeps track of her documents. April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR\">\u003cfigcaption>After immigration court, Yasmelin Valazquez secures her paperwork inside her folder where she keeps track of her documents. April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I feel victorious,” she tells NPR after the hearing, her relieved laughter ringing over the parking lot while her kids snack on juice and arepas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But their day isn’t over yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next is another hour-long drive to Velazquez’s regular in-person check-in with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, which she has to do every few months in addition to weekly calls and texts with the agent in charge of her parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the check-in seems scarier. There have been reports of migrants being picked up by agents as they go into the ICE office. And now, there’s that email from DHS to worry about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Velazquez enters the office and meets with the agent assigned to her case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eight minutes later, she comes out again, beaming a huge smile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today, my future looks marvelous,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She was not detained today, but her optimism might be premature.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://npr.brightspotcdn.com/dims3/default/strip/false/crop/5900x3933+0+0/resize/1200/quality/75/format/jpeg/?url=http%3A%2F%2Fnpr-brightspot.s3.amazonaws.com%2F0b%2Fec%2F48b9a0214833b8fb1bedbdf6c1a6%2Fyasmelin-valazquez-195.jpg\" alt=\"After a long day, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family share a moment of joy at a parking lot in San Bernadino, California on April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR\">\u003cfigcaption>After a long day, Yasmelin Valazquez and her family share a moment of joy at a parking lot in San Bernadino, California on April 10, 2025. Zaydee Sanchez/NPR \u003ccite> (Zaydee Sanchez for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She has a long way to go in her quest for legal status, and the Trump administration is unpredictable and willing to push legal limits to fulfill its goal of deporting millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Velazquez knows that when you are living day-to-day in the U.S., you take a win when you can.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel like I’ll be able to obtain permanent residency, and who knows, maybe citizenship, too!” she says, laughing and smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Center for Gender and Refugee Studies at UC Law San Francisco and other legal service providers are challenging an executive order by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> that suspends entry to the United States for asylum seekers, claiming that it violates immigration protections put in place by Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center joined a federal lawsuit Monday opposing Trump’s proclamation that there was an “invasion” at the U.S.-Mexico border. The suit claims that the order is in violation of federal law, which requires the U.S. to allow people to enter the country to apply for asylum and prohibits the government from returning people to a country where they face the threat of persecution or torture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under the Proclamation, the government is doing just what Congress by statute decreed that the United States must not do. It is returning asylum seekers — not just single adults, but families too — to countries where they face persecution or torture, without allowing them to invoke the protections Congress has provided,” the suit reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order relies on Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, which says that the president can “suspend the entry” of non-citizens when their entry “would be detrimental to the interest of the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order classifies immigration at the southern border as an “invasion” and says that under Article IV of the Constitution, the president has the responsibility to protect the country. Trump has ordered the Secretary of Homeland Security, Secretary of State and Attorney General to block asylum seekers from entering the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit argues that Trump has not given a definition of an invasion and that immigration at any scale would not be considered one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12024922\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12024922\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump signs executive orders in the Oval Office on January 20, 2025, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Anna Monkeymaker/Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The invasion provision of the Constitution has in the past been used in wartime,” said Melissa Crow, the director of litigation for the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies. “We are alleging that [Trump] is abusing his authority, both because there’s not an invasion and because there are numerous separate provisions of the immigration law that give people who are either physically present in the United States or who arrive in the United States the right to apply for asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other sections of the Immigration and Nationality Act prevent the U.S. from removing people who have reached ports of entry or entered the country without inspection. The law says that anyone who does arrive is entitled to apply for asylum and prohibits the country from removing non-citizens to a country where their life or freedom would be threatened or returning them to a country where the U.S. believes they would be in danger of being tortured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12025063 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/081723_Assembly-Floor-File_SN_CM-05-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as we can tell, under the terms of the proclamation, these people will be expelled from the United States without any process,” Crow said. “Immigration laws provide a very specific process that people have to go through before they can be removed or deported from the United States. That is not happening here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Immigration and Nationality Act, asylum seekers who arrive without valid documents, like a visa, are entitled to an interview with an asylum officer to determine if they have a “credible fear” of returning to the country from which they fled. If fear is established, they are eligible for a full hearing. Immigration judges decide whether to grant asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order calls for the suspension of that process entirely, including for unaccompanied children who previously had additional protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the U.S. began putting constraints on the flow of asylum seekers through metering. U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials began “turnbacks” when people “were simply told that there wasn’t capacity to process them,” Crow told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the issue isn’t so much that too many people are arriving at the border but that the immigration system hasn’t been bolstered to process people in a reasonable amount of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center for Gender and Refugee Studies and other legal providers have been litigating the metering policy for years, alleging that it violates federal and international law. Now, they are also fighting the new order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are going to keep coming because they are fleeing for their lives,” she said. “The fact that they’re going to be turned back is something they’re only going to realize when they get here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Feb. 5: This story’s headline was updated to distinguish the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies from the full UC Law San Francisco college.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Center for Gender and Refugee Studies at UC Law San Francisco and other legal service providers are challenging an executive order by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">President Donald Trump\u003c/a> that suspends entry to the United States for asylum seekers, claiming that it violates immigration protections put in place by Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center joined a federal lawsuit Monday opposing Trump’s proclamation that there was an “invasion” at the U.S.-Mexico border. The suit claims that the order is in violation of federal law, which requires the U.S. to allow people to enter the country to apply for asylum and prohibits the government from returning people to a country where they face the threat of persecution or torture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Under the Proclamation, the government is doing just what Congress by statute decreed that the United States must not do. It is returning asylum seekers — not just single adults, but families too — to countries where they face persecution or torture, without allowing them to invoke the protections Congress has provided,” the suit reads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order relies on Section 212(f) of the Immigration and Nationality Act, which says that the president can “suspend the entry” of non-citizens when their entry “would be detrimental to the interest of the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order classifies immigration at the southern border as an “invasion” and says that under Article IV of the Constitution, the president has the responsibility to protect the country. Trump has ordered the Secretary of Homeland Security, Secretary of State and Attorney General to block asylum seekers from entering the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit argues that Trump has not given a definition of an invasion and that immigration at any scale would not be considered one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12024922\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12024922\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/GettyImages-2194989581-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Donald Trump signs executive orders in the Oval Office on January 20, 2025, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Anna Monkeymaker/Getty)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The invasion provision of the Constitution has in the past been used in wartime,” said Melissa Crow, the director of litigation for the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies. “We are alleging that [Trump] is abusing his authority, both because there’s not an invasion and because there are numerous separate provisions of the immigration law that give people who are either physically present in the United States or who arrive in the United States the right to apply for asylum.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other sections of the Immigration and Nationality Act prevent the U.S. from removing people who have reached ports of entry or entered the country without inspection. The law says that anyone who does arrive is entitled to apply for asylum and prohibits the country from removing non-citizens to a country where their life or freedom would be threatened or returning them to a country where the U.S. believes they would be in danger of being tortured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As far as we can tell, under the terms of the proclamation, these people will be expelled from the United States without any process,” Crow said. “Immigration laws provide a very specific process that people have to go through before they can be removed or deported from the United States. That is not happening here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the Immigration and Nationality Act, asylum seekers who arrive without valid documents, like a visa, are entitled to an interview with an asylum officer to determine if they have a “credible fear” of returning to the country from which they fled. If fear is established, they are eligible for a full hearing. Immigration judges decide whether to grant asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s order calls for the suspension of that process entirely, including for unaccompanied children who previously had additional protections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, the U.S. began putting constraints on the flow of asylum seekers through metering. U.S. Customs and Border Protection officials began “turnbacks” when people “were simply told that there wasn’t capacity to process them,” Crow told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the issue isn’t so much that too many people are arriving at the border but that the immigration system hasn’t been bolstered to process people in a reasonable amount of time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Center for Gender and Refugee Studies and other legal providers have been litigating the metering policy for years, alleging that it violates federal and international law. Now, they are also fighting the new order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are going to keep coming because they are fleeing for their lives,” she said. “The fact that they’re going to be turned back is something they’re only going to realize when they get here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Feb. 5: This story’s headline was updated to distinguish the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies from the full UC Law San Francisco college.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Long Wait for Asylum at California Border Leaves Migrants Vulnerable",
"headTitle": "Long Wait for Asylum at California Border Leaves Migrants Vulnerable | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>María Guadalupe Cruz has been trying every day since January to get on the Biden administration’s electronic waitlist, so she could seek asylum in the United States for her and her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 32-year-old mother left Honduras in 2021 with her husband and two children after local gangs tried charging a “war tax” on her home that she couldn’t pay, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organized criminal gangs fighting for territory near San Pedro Sula, the northern city where Cruz’s family lived, have progressed from extorting protection money from businesses to collecting it from households, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told them I couldn’t pay, so they gave me 24 hours to abandon the country,” she recently told CalMatters, at the Tijuana shelter where her family lives in a tent. “And they said if we ever came back, they’d kill us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957581\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A group of people of various ages standing in line with some holding children near colorful tents in a warehouse.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants wait in line to receive toiletry items at Moviemiento Juventud 2000 in Tijuana on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family had traveled along the northern border of Mexico, trying to find an access point where they could legally approach the United States to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it’s up to technology. The Biden administration requires asylum seekers to seek asylum appointments through its CBP One smartphone app.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Eleanor Acer, director of refugee protection, Human Rights First\"]‘The bottom line … is that no policy that endangers lives, tramples on due process and unlawfully denies some people the right to seek asylum can be considered a success.’[/pullquote]But so far, Cruz, like thousands of others, has been unable to get an appointment through the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s app using her cell phone. Mexican and U.S. authorities are blocking people without appointments from even approaching land ports of entry, contributing to increased risks at the Mexico-California border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to try to throw ourselves across the (border) because I know it’s a crime,” she said. “Even though migration isn’t a crime, I just want to do everything legally. We just want to follow the rules — whatever they are — because if we don’t, and they send us back to Honduras, we’ll be killed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Legal challenges to asylum rules\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What exactly those rules are seems to become less clear every day, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco ruled in July that the Biden administration cannot restrict how individuals apply for asylum, even by requiring them to use an app.[aside postID=\"news_11949678,news_11949267,news_11936453\" label=\"Related Stories\"]The Biden administration has appealed to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, asking it to block U.S. District Judge Jon S. Tigar’s decision. The administration indicated it plans to fight the issue all the way to the Supreme Court, if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge could disrupt what had been a downward trend in the number of unauthorized border crossings at U.S. border cities, Biden administration officials warn. That outcome could substantially impact California, where many migrants arrive hoping to find more humane treatment than at other places along the 2,000-mile stretch of border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas last week, two migrants drowned near Eagle Pass, where the state has installed razor wire and floating buoy barriers in the Rio Grande to deter migrants. Although the Texas Department of Public Safety denies either migrant died from getting entangled in the barriers, Mexico President Andrés Manuel López Obrador blasted the Texas governor, calling the buoy system a ‘death trap.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No good person would do this,” said López Obrador at a recent news briefing in Mexico City.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California seen as safer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By contrast, California officials tout the state’s more welcoming and humane border. Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office has declined to comment on the federal asylum ruling or on California’s specific plans should the court’s stay be lifted, allowing more asylum seekers entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11957592\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06.jpg\" alt=\"A person holds a cellphone with a message that displays a red, white and blue logo from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Guadalupe Cruz, a Honduran migrant staying at Movimiento Juventud 2000, tries to log in to the CBP One mobile application on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz / CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The officials have said California has helped 423,000 people since April 2021, with “temporary services and travel coordination,” and spent $1.3 billion since 2019, helping the federal government provide humanitarian services to new arrivals at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the federal government is responsible for immigration policy and processing, California has served as a model of partnership for a safe and welcoming border, undertaking humanitarian efforts in border communities,” wrote Scott Murray, deputy director for public affairs and outreach programs for the California Department of Social Services, in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long been home to the largest number of immigrants in the United States. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/\">American Immigration Council\u003c/a>, they make up more than a quarter of the state’s population and a third of its labor force, and \u003ca href=\"https://map.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/locations/california/?_gl=1*1qio4ha*_ga*MjI2MjM1NjE0LjE2ODk5NjI0MTQ.*_ga_W0MSMD2GPV*MTY5MDkyMTM4Ni40LjEuMTY5MDkyMTQ4Ni4wLjAuMA..\">they contribute $124.3 billion a year in taxes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State has worked around limits in federal law that bar many immigrants — those with and without legal status — from social programs. That has meant building its own, state-funded programs. But California still struggles to protect its most vulnerable citizens from such issues as \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/series/unpaid-wages-california-workers/\">wage theft\u003c/a> and substandard housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge’s order lifting Biden’s asylum rule requiring migrants to use the app was set to take effect this week, though the federal government received a stay while it argues its case to a higher court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A right to request asylum\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In addition to requiring migrants to use the app, the Biden rule, known as the “Circumvention of Lawful Pathways,” blocks those who attempt to enter the country between designated ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law says anyone fleeing persecution may request asylum once they get a foot on U.S. soil, no matter how they got there — whether they used an app first or not, the judge said. The Immigration and Naturalization Act passed by Congress in 1965 spells that out further, saying any immigrant who has arrived in the U.S. may apply for asylum “whether or not at a designated port of arrival.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration argues its rule — put in place when COVID restrictions \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2022/12/california-border-immigrants/\">known as Title 42\u003c/a> ended — encourages legal pathways for immigration. The administration notes there has since been a dramatic drop in unauthorized border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say the policy amounts to an asylum ban that is harmful and not working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say the drop in numbers is artificial because Title 42 led to a significant increase in “repeat” crossings by migrants who were sent back across the border only to attempt crossings multiple times a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides, advocates say, regardless of whether the app policy is working or not, it’s illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bottom line … is that no policy that endangers lives, tramples on due process and unlawfully denies some people the right to seek asylum can be considered a success,” said Eleanor Acer, director of refugee protection at Human Rights First, a New York-based international human rights organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Desperate and in danger\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Christina Asencio, also a director at Human Rights First, said increasingly unsafe and inhumane conditions in Mexico are making people desperate while waiting for an app appointment. Many are attempting irregular crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asencio said in the two months since Biden’s rule took effect, her team of researchers has spoken to a Venezuelan family who was kidnaped and tortured in Reynosa by members of an organized criminal group, a Honduran woman who was raped while sleeping in her tent in the encampment in Matamoros and a Central American man who was kidnapped and tortured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she also met asylum seekers who “would tie cable wires around themselves and their children for fear that while they were sleeping, their children would be abducted from them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal judge agreed that families may not be safe waiting in Mexico. “The record suggests that migrants waiting in Mexico are at serious risk of violence,” wrote Tigar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Pérez Tejada Padilla, regional Baja California delegate for Mexico’s National Institute of Migration, issued a warning in July to migrants in Baja California to not to be fooled by smugglers who may later abandon them in extreme heat, pointing to several recent life-threatening incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best, fastest and safest thing to do is to process your asylum application to the United States through the CBP One application, through which they authorize 12,000 entries per month from Baja California,” said Pérez Tejada.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Risks of crossing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pérez Tejeda said approximately 10,000 migrants arrive each month in Baja California, south of San Diego and Imperial counties. They come from 46 different countries, although the majority come from Mexico and Latin America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said U.S. border authorities process through the app about 370 asylum seekers a day in Tijuana and 70 in Mexicali, totaling approximately 3,080 people processed weekly, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want more people to get across safely and orderly, instead of doing it by irregular ways through the desert, rivers and mountains, risking their lives with high temperatures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delegate highlighted a few incidents in July when migrants’ lives were endangered by smugglers encouraging people to cross into the United States without CBP One appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one incident a 9-year-old girl got separated from her family in the Tijuana river canal at night. Her family was trying to cross illegally with about 60 people. Border Patrol agents found her unharmed the next day in Imperial Beach. Authorities said she was being reunited with her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another incident involved a 14-hour rescue in La Rumorosa, a mountainous area with steep ravines between Mexicali and Tecate. Five people, including a 4-year-old child, were severely dehydrated by the time they were pulled out of a ravine by Grupos Beta, the rescue arm of Mexico’s federal migration agency, Pérez Tejeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that Mexican border authorities also found 17 migrants from south Mexico who were apparently tricked into getting into a fake Customs and Border Patrol truck in Mexicali, south of Calexico in Imperial County. The truck was painted with green CBP logos and had a false US government license plate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Choosing to stay or go\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pérez Tejeda said authorities on both sides of the border are concerned about migrants getting stuck in car trunks in higher-than-normal temperatures, as they attempt to cross the border undetected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The choice to wait or to try to cross isn’t always so easy, said José María García Lara, director of the Movimiento Juventud 2000 shelter in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The coordination is good between the United States and Mexico on these agreements to bring order,” he said, “but unfortunately, they forgot the human side, and the humanitarian side of the people who come here to the border with problems of insecurity. And they should be a little more sensitive and understand that these communities need help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957583\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957583\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing glasses and a purple and white checkered button-down shirt and blue jeans leans with both arms against a desk in an office.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José María García Lara, founder and director of Movimiento Juventud 2000, in his office on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz / CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family that got separated from the 9-year-old girl had waited at the shelter for more than a month before deciding they could no longer stay put in Tijuana, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cruz family at the Tijuana shelter, and dozens of other families from Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Venezuela and Haiti are still waiting in tents at the border. García Lara said with legal rulings constantly changing the rules, families have a hard time understanding what they’re supposed to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chelsea Sachau, managing attorney at Florence Immigrant & Refugee Rights Project, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think that it is hard and you struggle to understand asylum laws … imagine how overwhelmed and heartbroken you would feel if your life depended on understanding it, if your child’s life depended on you understanding a system that’s been designed for you to fail at every step along the way,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz says she and her family plan to continue waiting, hoping to cross legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have to keep waiting, well, we’ll just have to keep waiting,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Biden administration’s app rule makes it harder for migrants to assert a right to asylum, advocates say. Lawsuits are sparking debate about immigration control, and safety.",
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"description": "The Biden administration’s app rule makes it harder for migrants to assert a right to asylum, advocates say. Lawsuits are sparking debate about immigration control, and safety.",
"title": "Long Wait for Asylum at California Border Leaves Migrants Vulnerable | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>María Guadalupe Cruz has been trying every day since January to get on the Biden administration’s electronic waitlist, so she could seek asylum in the United States for her and her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 32-year-old mother left Honduras in 2021 with her husband and two children after local gangs tried charging a “war tax” on her home that she couldn’t pay, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organized criminal gangs fighting for territory near San Pedro Sula, the northern city where Cruz’s family lived, have progressed from extorting protection money from businesses to collecting it from households, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I told them I couldn’t pay, so they gave me 24 hours to abandon the country,” she recently told CalMatters, at the Tijuana shelter where her family lives in a tent. “And they said if we ever came back, they’d kill us all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957581\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A group of people of various ages standing in line with some holding children near colorful tents in a warehouse.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_01.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Migrants wait in line to receive toiletry items at Moviemiento Juventud 2000 in Tijuana on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz/CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family had traveled along the northern border of Mexico, trying to find an access point where they could legally approach the United States to seek asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now it’s up to technology. The Biden administration requires asylum seekers to seek asylum appointments through its CBP One smartphone app.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But so far, Cruz, like thousands of others, has been unable to get an appointment through the U.S. Customs and Border Protection’s app using her cell phone. Mexican and U.S. authorities are blocking people without appointments from even approaching land ports of entry, contributing to increased risks at the Mexico-California border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to try to throw ourselves across the (border) because I know it’s a crime,” she said. “Even though migration isn’t a crime, I just want to do everything legally. We just want to follow the rules — whatever they are — because if we don’t, and they send us back to Honduras, we’ll be killed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Legal challenges to asylum rules\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>What exactly those rules are seems to become less clear every day, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A federal judge in San Francisco ruled in July that the Biden administration cannot restrict how individuals apply for asylum, even by requiring them to use an app.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Biden administration has appealed to the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals, asking it to block U.S. District Judge Jon S. Tigar’s decision. The administration indicated it plans to fight the issue all the way to the Supreme Court, if necessary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legal challenge could disrupt what had been a downward trend in the number of unauthorized border crossings at U.S. border cities, Biden administration officials warn. That outcome could substantially impact California, where many migrants arrive hoping to find more humane treatment than at other places along the 2,000-mile stretch of border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Texas last week, two migrants drowned near Eagle Pass, where the state has installed razor wire and floating buoy barriers in the Rio Grande to deter migrants. Although the Texas Department of Public Safety denies either migrant died from getting entangled in the barriers, Mexico President Andrés Manuel López Obrador blasted the Texas governor, calling the buoy system a ‘death trap.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No good person would do this,” said López Obrador at a recent news briefing in Mexico City.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California seen as safer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By contrast, California officials tout the state’s more welcoming and humane border. Gov. Gavin Newsom’s office has declined to comment on the federal asylum ruling or on California’s specific plans should the court’s stay be lifted, allowing more asylum seekers entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11957592\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06.jpg\" alt=\"A person holds a cellphone with a message that displays a red, white and blue logo from the U.S. Department of Homeland Security.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06.jpg 2000w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_06-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Maria Guadalupe Cruz, a Honduran migrant staying at Movimiento Juventud 2000, tries to log in to the CBP One mobile application on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz / CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The officials have said California has helped 423,000 people since April 2021, with “temporary services and travel coordination,” and spent $1.3 billion since 2019, helping the federal government provide humanitarian services to new arrivals at the border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“While the federal government is responsible for immigration policy and processing, California has served as a model of partnership for a safe and welcoming border, undertaking humanitarian efforts in border communities,” wrote Scott Murray, deputy director for public affairs and outreach programs for the California Department of Social Services, in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has long been home to the largest number of immigrants in the United States. According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/\">American Immigration Council\u003c/a>, they make up more than a quarter of the state’s population and a third of its labor force, and \u003ca href=\"https://map.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/locations/california/?_gl=1*1qio4ha*_ga*MjI2MjM1NjE0LjE2ODk5NjI0MTQ.*_ga_W0MSMD2GPV*MTY5MDkyMTM4Ni40LjEuMTY5MDkyMTQ4Ni4wLjAuMA..\">they contribute $124.3 billion a year in taxes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Golden State has worked around limits in federal law that bar many immigrants — those with and without legal status — from social programs. That has meant building its own, state-funded programs. But California still struggles to protect its most vulnerable citizens from such issues as \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/series/unpaid-wages-california-workers/\">wage theft\u003c/a> and substandard housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The judge’s order lifting Biden’s asylum rule requiring migrants to use the app was set to take effect this week, though the federal government received a stay while it argues its case to a higher court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A right to request asylum\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In addition to requiring migrants to use the app, the Biden rule, known as the “Circumvention of Lawful Pathways,” blocks those who attempt to enter the country between designated ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal law says anyone fleeing persecution may request asylum once they get a foot on U.S. soil, no matter how they got there — whether they used an app first or not, the judge said. The Immigration and Naturalization Act passed by Congress in 1965 spells that out further, saying any immigrant who has arrived in the U.S. may apply for asylum “whether or not at a designated port of arrival.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration argues its rule — put in place when COVID restrictions \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/california-divide/2022/12/california-border-immigrants/\">known as Title 42\u003c/a> ended — encourages legal pathways for immigration. The administration notes there has since been a dramatic drop in unauthorized border crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say the policy amounts to an asylum ban that is harmful and not working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They say the drop in numbers is artificial because Title 42 led to a significant increase in “repeat” crossings by migrants who were sent back across the border only to attempt crossings multiple times a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Besides, advocates say, regardless of whether the app policy is working or not, it’s illegal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bottom line … is that no policy that endangers lives, tramples on due process and unlawfully denies some people the right to seek asylum can be considered a success,” said Eleanor Acer, director of refugee protection at Human Rights First, a New York-based international human rights organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Desperate and in danger\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Christina Asencio, also a director at Human Rights First, said increasingly unsafe and inhumane conditions in Mexico are making people desperate while waiting for an app appointment. Many are attempting irregular crossings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asencio said in the two months since Biden’s rule took effect, her team of researchers has spoken to a Venezuelan family who was kidnaped and tortured in Reynosa by members of an organized criminal group, a Honduran woman who was raped while sleeping in her tent in the encampment in Matamoros and a Central American man who was kidnapped and tortured.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said she also met asylum seekers who “would tie cable wires around themselves and their children for fear that while they were sleeping, their children would be abducted from them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal judge agreed that families may not be safe waiting in Mexico. “The record suggests that migrants waiting in Mexico are at serious risk of violence,” wrote Tigar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Pérez Tejada Padilla, regional Baja California delegate for Mexico’s National Institute of Migration, issued a warning in July to migrants in Baja California to not to be fooled by smugglers who may later abandon them in extreme heat, pointing to several recent life-threatening incidents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The best, fastest and safest thing to do is to process your asylum application to the United States through the CBP One application, through which they authorize 12,000 entries per month from Baja California,” said Pérez Tejada.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Risks of crossing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pérez Tejeda said approximately 10,000 migrants arrive each month in Baja California, south of San Diego and Imperial counties. They come from 46 different countries, although the majority come from Mexico and Latin America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said U.S. border authorities process through the app about 370 asylum seekers a day in Tijuana and 70 in Mexicali, totaling approximately 3,080 people processed weekly, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want more people to get across safely and orderly, instead of doing it by irregular ways through the desert, rivers and mountains, risking their lives with high temperatures,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The delegate highlighted a few incidents in July when migrants’ lives were endangered by smugglers encouraging people to cross into the United States without CBP One appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one incident a 9-year-old girl got separated from her family in the Tijuana river canal at night. Her family was trying to cross illegally with about 60 people. Border Patrol agents found her unharmed the next day in Imperial Beach. Authorities said she was being reunited with her family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another incident involved a 14-hour rescue in La Rumorosa, a mountainous area with steep ravines between Mexicali and Tecate. Five people, including a 4-year-old child, were severely dehydrated by the time they were pulled out of a ravine by Grupos Beta, the rescue arm of Mexico’s federal migration agency, Pérez Tejeda said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He added that Mexican border authorities also found 17 migrants from south Mexico who were apparently tricked into getting into a fake Customs and Border Patrol truck in Mexicali, south of Calexico in Imperial County. The truck was painted with green CBP logos and had a false US government license plate, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Choosing to stay or go\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pérez Tejeda said authorities on both sides of the border are concerned about migrants getting stuck in car trunks in higher-than-normal temperatures, as they attempt to cross the border undetected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The choice to wait or to try to cross isn’t always so easy, said José María García Lara, director of the Movimiento Juventud 2000 shelter in Tijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The coordination is good between the United States and Mexico on these agreements to bring order,” he said, “but unfortunately, they forgot the human side, and the humanitarian side of the people who come here to the border with problems of insecurity. And they should be a little more sensitive and understand that these communities need help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957583\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11957583\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing glasses and a purple and white checkered button-down shirt and blue jeans leans with both arms against a desk in an office.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11-1920x1280.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/072623_Movimiento_Juventud_Migrants_AH_CM_11.jpg 2000w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">José María García Lara, founder and director of Movimiento Juventud 2000, in his office on July 26, 2023. \u003ccite>(Adriana Heldiz / CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The family that got separated from the 9-year-old girl had waited at the shelter for more than a month before deciding they could no longer stay put in Tijuana, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Cruz family at the Tijuana shelter, and dozens of other families from Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, Venezuela and Haiti are still waiting in tents at the border. García Lara said with legal rulings constantly changing the rules, families have a hard time understanding what they’re supposed to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chelsea Sachau, managing attorney at Florence Immigrant & Refugee Rights Project, agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you think that it is hard and you struggle to understand asylum laws … imagine how overwhelmed and heartbroken you would feel if your life depended on understanding it, if your child’s life depended on you understanding a system that’s been designed for you to fail at every step along the way,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cruz says she and her family plan to continue waiting, hoping to cross legally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we have to keep waiting, well, we’ll just have to keep waiting,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Show up at a border crossing with Mexico and ask a U.S. official for asylum? Sign up online? Go to a U.S. embassy or consulate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has been conspicuously silent about how migrants should enter the United States when Trump-era asylum limits end, fueling rumors, confusion and doubts about the government’s readiness despite more than two years to prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I absolutely wish that we had more information to share with folks,” said Kate Clark, senior director for immigration services at Jewish Family Service of San Diego, which has facilitated travel within the United States for more than 110,000 migrants released from custody since October 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants have been denied rights to seek asylum under U.S. and international law 2.5 million times since March 2020 on grounds of preventing COVID-19 under a public-health rule that was scheduled to expire Wednesday until U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts ordered a temporary hold. Title 42 has been applied disproportionately to those from countries that Mexico agrees to take back: Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and more recently Venezuela, in addition to Mexico. People from those countries are expected to drive an anticipated increase in asylum claims once the rule is lifted.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Nicolas Palazzo, attorney, Las Americas Immigrant Advocacy Center\"]‘ … [S]omeone applying for admission on CBP One is going to be given a date that is like a year out. Realistically, can they tell me with a straight face that they expect people to wait that long?’[/pullquote]Many expect the government to use CBP One, an online platform for appointment registration that was introduced in 2020. The U.S. Customs and Border Protection mobile app has had limited use for people applying for travel permits and for those tracking U.S. immigration court hearings under the now-defunct “Remain in Mexico” policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected that migrants using the app would make appointments to seek asylum in the United States, but would have to remain outside the country until their slotted time and date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP One, which some advocacy groups oppose over data privacy concerns, may be impractical for migrants without internet access or language skills. The agency also must get the word out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicolas Palazzo, an attorney with Las Americas Immigrant Advocacy Center in El Paso, Texas, said he worries scammers will charge migrants to sign them up and that CBP’s limited processing capacity will result in intolerable waits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unless they plan to ramp that up significantly, someone applying for admission on CBP One is going to be given a date that is like a year out,” Palazzo said. “Realistically, can they tell me with a straight face that they expect people to wait that long?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohamad Reza Taran, 56, left Iran on Nov. 26 after converting to Christianity and flew to Tijuana, Mexico, where U.S. border inspectors at a San Diego crossing turned him away when he asked for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The computer technician planned to wait to see whether he would get in immediately after Title 42 is lifted and, if not, said he would cross the border illegally, perhaps by climbing the border wall in San Diego or walking across flat desert in Yuma, Arizona. He has family in Los Angeles and sees the United States as his only option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have nothing here,” Taran said in an interview outside a church in Tijuana, where he was searching for people who could instruct him on U.S. policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Rep. Henry Cuellar, a Texas Democrat, said CBP officials told him last week that they hoped, to the greatest possible extent, to funnel asylum-seekers through official crossings and turn back to Mexico anyone who crosses the border illegally. Doing so would likely be challenged in court because asylum law says people who enter illegally are entitled to seek protection.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"news_11918517,news_11910789,news_11909334\"]No one disputes that the Border Patrol is woefully ill-equipped for processing — even while Title 42 kept a lid on numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol paroled nearly 450,000 migrants in the United States through October — including 68,837 in October and 95,191 in September — sparing its agents the time-consuming work of issuing orders to appear in immigration court. According to a Government Accountability Office report, it typically takes at least two hours to prepare a court case, compared to a half-hour to release someone on parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants paroled by Border Patrol agents are allowed to move freely within the United States and told to report to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement offices at their final destinations, typically in two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO report, released in September, details how the processing work dumped on ICE has hamstrung employees. As of March, ICE scheduled 15,100 appointments for families to complete processing as far out as March 2024. One ICE office reported up to 500 people a day showing up in person, most without appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After families get a court appearance, they contend with a court system that is backlogged by more than 2 million cases, resulting in waits of several years for judges to reach decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting two years just to get on the court docket reflects a “totally collapsed” system, said Theresa Cardinal Brown, managing director of immigration and cross-border policy for the Bipartisan Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online registration using CBP One would be “antithetical to the whole concept of asylum” because it could force people to wait in unsafe places, said Melissa Crow, litigation director for the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies at the University of California Hastings College of the Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow and others believe CBP could process far more people than they have been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, the agency processed up to about 1,000 Ukrainians a day at San Diego’s San Ysidro border crossing, about three times its custody capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the pandemic, migrants released in San Diego have been housed in motels until leaving, usually on a flight to family and friends east of the Mississippi River, Clark said. To prepare for the end of Title 42, Jewish Family Service opened a building for families to snack, watch television and play in a courtyard after they book travel, freeing up motel rooms for new arrivals. Clark likens it to an “airport lounge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP has been releasing more migrants to Jewish Family Service through exemptions to the asylum limits — about 200 to 250 a day, Clark said. Others are housed by the Catholic Charities Diocese of San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a day we’ve been working toward for some time,” Clark said Monday, having heard nothing from CBP about how migrants will be processed after asylum limits end. She anticipates more releases but doesn’t know how many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Show up at a border crossing with Mexico and ask a U.S. official for asylum? Sign up online? Go to a U.S. embassy or consulate?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Biden administration has been conspicuously silent about how migrants should enter the United States when Trump-era asylum limits end, fueling rumors, confusion and doubts about the government’s readiness despite more than two years to prepare.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I absolutely wish that we had more information to share with folks,” said Kate Clark, senior director for immigration services at Jewish Family Service of San Diego, which has facilitated travel within the United States for more than 110,000 migrants released from custody since October 2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants have been denied rights to seek asylum under U.S. and international law 2.5 million times since March 2020 on grounds of preventing COVID-19 under a public-health rule that was scheduled to expire Wednesday until U.S. Supreme Court Chief Justice John Roberts ordered a temporary hold. Title 42 has been applied disproportionately to those from countries that Mexico agrees to take back: Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador and more recently Venezuela, in addition to Mexico. People from those countries are expected to drive an anticipated increase in asylum claims once the rule is lifted.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many expect the government to use CBP One, an online platform for appointment registration that was introduced in 2020. The U.S. Customs and Border Protection mobile app has had limited use for people applying for travel permits and for those tracking U.S. immigration court hearings under the now-defunct “Remain in Mexico” policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s expected that migrants using the app would make appointments to seek asylum in the United States, but would have to remain outside the country until their slotted time and date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP One, which some advocacy groups oppose over data privacy concerns, may be impractical for migrants without internet access or language skills. The agency also must get the word out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nicolas Palazzo, an attorney with Las Americas Immigrant Advocacy Center in El Paso, Texas, said he worries scammers will charge migrants to sign them up and that CBP’s limited processing capacity will result in intolerable waits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Unless they plan to ramp that up significantly, someone applying for admission on CBP One is going to be given a date that is like a year out,” Palazzo said. “Realistically, can they tell me with a straight face that they expect people to wait that long?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mohamad Reza Taran, 56, left Iran on Nov. 26 after converting to Christianity and flew to Tijuana, Mexico, where U.S. border inspectors at a San Diego crossing turned him away when he asked for asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The computer technician planned to wait to see whether he would get in immediately after Title 42 is lifted and, if not, said he would cross the border illegally, perhaps by climbing the border wall in San Diego or walking across flat desert in Yuma, Arizona. He has family in Los Angeles and sees the United States as his only option.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have nothing here,” Taran said in an interview outside a church in Tijuana, where he was searching for people who could instruct him on U.S. policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>U.S. Rep. Henry Cuellar, a Texas Democrat, said CBP officials told him last week that they hoped, to the greatest possible extent, to funnel asylum-seekers through official crossings and turn back to Mexico anyone who crosses the border illegally. Doing so would likely be challenged in court because asylum law says people who enter illegally are entitled to seek protection.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>No one disputes that the Border Patrol is woefully ill-equipped for processing — even while Title 42 kept a lid on numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Patrol paroled nearly 450,000 migrants in the United States through October — including 68,837 in October and 95,191 in September — sparing its agents the time-consuming work of issuing orders to appear in immigration court. According to a Government Accountability Office report, it typically takes at least two hours to prepare a court case, compared to a half-hour to release someone on parole.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Migrants paroled by Border Patrol agents are allowed to move freely within the United States and told to report to U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement offices at their final destinations, typically in two months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The GAO report, released in September, details how the processing work dumped on ICE has hamstrung employees. As of March, ICE scheduled 15,100 appointments for families to complete processing as far out as March 2024. One ICE office reported up to 500 people a day showing up in person, most without appointments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After families get a court appearance, they contend with a court system that is backlogged by more than 2 million cases, resulting in waits of several years for judges to reach decisions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Waiting two years just to get on the court docket reflects a “totally collapsed” system, said Theresa Cardinal Brown, managing director of immigration and cross-border policy for the Bipartisan Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Online registration using CBP One would be “antithetical to the whole concept of asylum” because it could force people to wait in unsafe places, said Melissa Crow, litigation director for the Center for Gender and Refugee Studies at the University of California Hastings College of the Law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Crow and others believe CBP could process far more people than they have been.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, the agency processed up to about 1,000 Ukrainians a day at San Diego’s San Ysidro border crossing, about three times its custody capacity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the pandemic, migrants released in San Diego have been housed in motels until leaving, usually on a flight to family and friends east of the Mississippi River, Clark said. To prepare for the end of Title 42, Jewish Family Service opened a building for families to snack, watch television and play in a courtyard after they book travel, freeing up motel rooms for new arrivals. Clark likens it to an “airport lounge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CBP has been releasing more migrants to Jewish Family Service through exemptions to the asylum limits — about 200 to 250 a day, Clark said. Others are housed by the Catholic Charities Diocese of San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a day we’ve been working toward for some time,” Clark said Monday, having heard nothing from CBP about how migrants will be processed after asylum limits end. She anticipates more releases but doesn’t know how many.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Supreme Court ruled on Thursday that the Biden administration properly ended a Trump-era policy forcing some U.S. asylum-seekers to wait in Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The justices' 5-4 decision for the administration came in a case about the \"Remain in Mexico\" policy under President Donald Trump. Chief Justice John Roberts wrote the decision and was joined by fellow conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh as well as the court's three liberal justices: Stephen Breyer, Sonia Sotomayor and Elena Kagan.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dulce Garcia, executive director, Border Angels, San Diego\"]'For asylum-seekers that have been waiting for years in the Mexican side of the border, this means a victory.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's significant because it reminds us that new presidents can bring new policies in,\" said Kevin Johnson, dean of the UC Davis School of Law. \"If they follow the rules, they can implement those new policies at the most fundamental level. It means that elections matter, the president matters, and the policies that they're able to pursue matter. And so we see time and again, and it's worth reminding us of the importance of presidential elections in their impact on policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Joe Biden suspended the program on his first day in office in January 2021. But lower courts ordered it reinstated in response to a lawsuit from Republican-led Texas and Missouri. The current administration has sent far fewer people back to Mexico than did the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heart of the legal fight was whether immigration authorities, with far less detention capacity than needed, had to send people to Mexico or whether they had the discretion under federal law to release asylum-seekers into the United States while they awaited their hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court ruling comes days after at least 53 migrants — including women and children — died of intense heat inside a trailer truck while being smuggled into Texas, as desperation mounts among asylum-seekers to cross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For asylum-seekers that have been waiting for years in the Mexican side of the border, this means a victory,\" said attorney Dulce Garcia, executive director of Border Angels in San Diego.[aside postID=\"news_11909829,news_11910789,forum_2010101889452\" label=\"Related Posts\"]\"This means that there is hope that they can actually have their claim heard in front of an immigration judge while they remain in the U.S. side of the border rather than still in danger.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Angels organization supports 17 migrant shelters in Tijuana and provides legal aid to residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 70,000 people were enrolled in the program, formally known as Migrant Protection Protocols, after President Donald Trump launched it in 2019 and made it a centerpiece of efforts to deter asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Biden's suspension of the program, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas ended it in June 2021. In October, the department produced additional justifications for the policy's demise, to no avail in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program resumed in December, but barely 3,000 migrants had enrolled by the end of March, during a period when authorities stopped migrants about 700,000 times at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic-led states and progressive groups were on the administration's side. Republican-run states and conservative groups sided with Texas and Missouri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is Biden v. Texas, No. 21-954.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Farida Jhabvala Romero contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's significant because it reminds us that new presidents can bring new policies in,\" said Kevin Johnson, dean of the UC Davis School of Law. \"If they follow the rules, they can implement those new policies at the most fundamental level. It means that elections matter, the president matters, and the policies that they're able to pursue matter. And so we see time and again, and it's worth reminding us of the importance of presidential elections in their impact on policy.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Joe Biden suspended the program on his first day in office in January 2021. But lower courts ordered it reinstated in response to a lawsuit from Republican-led Texas and Missouri. The current administration has sent far fewer people back to Mexico than did the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heart of the legal fight was whether immigration authorities, with far less detention capacity than needed, had to send people to Mexico or whether they had the discretion under federal law to release asylum-seekers into the United States while they awaited their hearings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court ruling comes days after at least 53 migrants — including women and children — died of intense heat inside a trailer truck while being smuggled into Texas, as desperation mounts among asylum-seekers to cross.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For asylum-seekers that have been waiting for years in the Mexican side of the border, this means a victory,\" said attorney Dulce Garcia, executive director of Border Angels in San Diego.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\"This means that there is hope that they can actually have their claim heard in front of an immigration judge while they remain in the U.S. side of the border rather than still in danger.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Border Angels organization supports 17 migrant shelters in Tijuana and provides legal aid to residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 70,000 people were enrolled in the program, formally known as Migrant Protection Protocols, after President Donald Trump launched it in 2019 and made it a centerpiece of efforts to deter asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Biden's suspension of the program, Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas ended it in June 2021. In October, the department produced additional justifications for the policy's demise, to no avail in the courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program resumed in December, but barely 3,000 migrants had enrolled by the end of March, during a period when authorities stopped migrants about 700,000 times at the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic-led states and progressive groups were on the administration's side. Republican-run states and conservative groups sided with Texas and Missouri.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The case is Biden v. Texas, No. 21-954.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED's Farida Jhabvala Romero contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"disqusTitle": "For Migrant Kids Stuck in Tijuana, This School Offers a Place to Grow and Dream",
"title": "For Migrant Kids Stuck in Tijuana, This School Offers a Place to Grow and Dream",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a canyon filled with makeshift shelters, a mile south of the U.S.-Mexico border, farm animals linger near a stream clogged with trash.[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Walter Orlando Campos, teacher, Canyon Nest\"]'When I arrived in Tijuana, I couldn't find anywhere to work, I wasn't happy at all, I couldn't enjoy anything. But when I found [this school], I felt refreshed. The children transmit ... so much positivity.'[/pullquote]For over two years, thousands of migrants seeking refuge in the United States — many of them children — have crowded into a network of shelters here, as two successive U.S. presidential administrations closed almost all access to asylum at the Southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One morning in March, on a patio behind a wooden fence along the canyon, classical music played from portable speakers as a teacher readied art supplies for her students. At this school, called Canyon Nest, all of the students, and many of the teachers, are migrants — many fleeing violence in their homelands — waiting to enter the U.S. The school serves over 100 students, ages 3 to 10, who attend free of charge, five days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten-year-old Gabriel is one of the first through the door and gives his teachers big hugs. He’s especially excited because tomorrow is his birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911188\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911188\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A teacher stands by a white board talking to young students who sit on the floor.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walter Orlando Campos teaches math to elementary school-age students at Canyon Nest school on March 10, 2022. Campos recently fled his native Honduras, after threats of violence were made against his community. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gabriel came here with his mother and 4-year-old brother in August, from the Mexican state of Michoacán, where drug cartel violence has exploded in recent years. He started attending the school in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I like most here is to help my classmates with the subjects they have difficulties with,” Gabriel said in Spanish, explaining that he’s one of the older students at the school and already knows some of the material being taught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the patio is his favorite place at the school, which is filled with playground equipment, toys and even a resident kitten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school, run by \u003ca href=\"https://www.pilaglobal.org/\">PILAglobal\u003c/a>, a Los Angeles-based nonprofit, opened its first school in 2018 in a more residential Tijuana neighborhood to accommodate kids in the large migrant caravans that began arriving in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911189\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A group of young students sit at a table doing math problems, with a teaching standing overhead.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at Canyon Nest school, all of whom are migrants waiting to enter the United States, work on math problems on March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But after learning of the thousands of migrants crowded together in this canyon, the program quickly marshaled resources to build a new location here, which opened its doors in 2020 just before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization, which also operates school sites serving migrants in Greece, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe, is funded by a variety of private donors and foundations, and partners with organizations like UNICEF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriel says he hopes to someday become an English teacher in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says here his favorite class is math, which is taught by Walter Orlando Campos, a veteran elementary school teacher from Honduras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Science, social studies, math, Spanish, art,” Orlando Campos said in Spanish, ticking off the subjects he taught back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911183\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Stools for small children set up in front of easels, with blank pieces of paper.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art supplies are set up for students on the patio of Canyon Nest shortly before students arrive in the morning on March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Orlando Campos says he would have loved to stay in Honduras the rest of his life if conditions hadn't deteriorated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want to go. I left because of the political crisis there,” he said. “It became too complicated for me to live there, and I saw no other way to escape the violence there than to leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Campos has been in Tijuana since July, and says the school allows him to earn some extra money, and to continue teaching students.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"immigration\"]Working here also has benefited his own mental health, he says, which took a big hit after his life was uprooted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s my passion to teach students. When I arrived in Tijuana, I couldn’t find anywhere to work, I wasn’t happy at all, I couldn’t enjoy anything. But when I found [this school], I felt refreshed. The children transmit ... so much positivity,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school starts out every day with a song greeting each of its students. The goal, says PILAglobal CEO Lindsay Weissert, is to give children a break from the immense stress of migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All children deserve to feel valued, and all children deserve to have a space where they can just be children, away from adult conversation where past violence against them may be retold,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glenda Linares, the site’s program director, who migrated to the U.S. from El Salvador as a child, says the school also gives parents some much-needed time for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they go home to the shelter, the parents have attention and energy to be with their children. The parents are holding a lot of their own stories and journey, and their own trauma,” she said. Parenting classes, she notes, also are offered on weekends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to meet the growing demand, PILAglobal is now expanding the school into the hillside of the canyon and plans to be able to serve more children later this spring. The group also runs a mobile classroom that circulates to shelters in Tijuana, and a small playroom for children near the San Ysidro border crossing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911186\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Two young students play with clay at a table, as a teacher supervises.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doris, a teacher's helper, supervises as students at Canyon Nest play with clay on March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since August, Doris — who gave only her first name — has been working as a classroom helper at the school, which her daughter attends. The two fled violence in the Mexican state of Guerrero, and tried to cross the border into the U.S. last June, hoping to claim asylum. When border patrol agents thwarted their passage, they ended up at a nearby shelter and soon learned of the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris says working is giving her a chance to feel positive about her life again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the kids call out to me on the street, ‘Teacher, teacher,’ I’m so proud they’re saying that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a canyon filled with makeshift shelters, a mile south of the U.S.-Mexico border, farm animals linger near a stream clogged with trash.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For over two years, thousands of migrants seeking refuge in the United States — many of them children — have crowded into a network of shelters here, as two successive U.S. presidential administrations closed almost all access to asylum at the Southwest border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One morning in March, on a patio behind a wooden fence along the canyon, classical music played from portable speakers as a teacher readied art supplies for her students. At this school, called Canyon Nest, all of the students, and many of the teachers, are migrants — many fleeing violence in their homelands — waiting to enter the U.S. The school serves over 100 students, ages 3 to 10, who attend free of charge, five days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten-year-old Gabriel is one of the first through the door and gives his teachers big hugs. He’s especially excited because tomorrow is his birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911188\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911188\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A teacher stands by a white board talking to young students who sit on the floor.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7271-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Walter Orlando Campos teaches math to elementary school-age students at Canyon Nest school on March 10, 2022. Campos recently fled his native Honduras, after threats of violence were made against his community. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gabriel came here with his mother and 4-year-old brother in August, from the Mexican state of Michoacán, where drug cartel violence has exploded in recent years. He started attending the school in September.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I like most here is to help my classmates with the subjects they have difficulties with,” Gabriel said in Spanish, explaining that he’s one of the older students at the school and already knows some of the material being taught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the patio is his favorite place at the school, which is filled with playground equipment, toys and even a resident kitten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school, run by \u003ca href=\"https://www.pilaglobal.org/\">PILAglobal\u003c/a>, a Los Angeles-based nonprofit, opened its first school in 2018 in a more residential Tijuana neighborhood to accommodate kids in the large migrant caravans that began arriving in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911189\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"A group of young students sit at a table doing math problems, with a teaching standing overhead.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7279-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students at Canyon Nest school, all of whom are migrants waiting to enter the United States, work on math problems on March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But after learning of the thousands of migrants crowded together in this canyon, the program quickly marshaled resources to build a new location here, which opened its doors in 2020 just before the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The organization, which also operates school sites serving migrants in Greece, the Democratic Republic of Congo and Zimbabwe, is funded by a variety of private donors and foundations, and partners with organizations like UNICEF.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gabriel says he hopes to someday become an English teacher in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says here his favorite class is math, which is taught by Walter Orlando Campos, a veteran elementary school teacher from Honduras.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Science, social studies, math, Spanish, art,” Orlando Campos said in Spanish, ticking off the subjects he taught back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911183\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911183\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Stools for small children set up in front of easels, with blank pieces of paper.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7226-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Art supplies are set up for students on the patio of Canyon Nest shortly before students arrive in the morning on March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Orlando Campos says he would have loved to stay in Honduras the rest of his life if conditions hadn't deteriorated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want to go. I left because of the political crisis there,” he said. “It became too complicated for me to live there, and I saw no other way to escape the violence there than to leave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Orlando Campos has been in Tijuana since July, and says the school allows him to earn some extra money, and to continue teaching students.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Working here also has benefited his own mental health, he says, which took a big hit after his life was uprooted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s my passion to teach students. When I arrived in Tijuana, I couldn’t find anywhere to work, I wasn’t happy at all, I couldn’t enjoy anything. But when I found [this school], I felt refreshed. The children transmit ... so much positivity,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school starts out every day with a song greeting each of its students. The goal, says PILAglobal CEO Lindsay Weissert, is to give children a break from the immense stress of migration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All children deserve to feel valued, and all children deserve to have a space where they can just be children, away from adult conversation where past violence against them may be retold,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glenda Linares, the site’s program director, who migrated to the U.S. from El Salvador as a child, says the school also gives parents some much-needed time for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When they go home to the shelter, the parents have attention and energy to be with their children. The parents are holding a lot of their own stories and journey, and their own trauma,” she said. Parenting classes, she notes, also are offered on weekends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an effort to meet the growing demand, PILAglobal is now expanding the school into the hillside of the canyon and plans to be able to serve more children later this spring. The group also runs a mobile classroom that circulates to shelters in Tijuana, and a small playroom for children near the San Ysidro border crossing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11911186\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-scaled.jpeg\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11911186\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-scaled.jpeg\" alt=\"Two young students play with clay at a table, as a teacher supervises.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-scaled.jpeg 2560w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-2048x1536.jpeg 2048w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/IMG_7255-1920x1440.jpeg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doris, a teacher's helper, supervises as students at Canyon Nest play with clay on March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since August, Doris — who gave only her first name — has been working as a classroom helper at the school, which her daughter attends. The two fled violence in the Mexican state of Guerrero, and tried to cross the border into the U.S. last June, hoping to claim asylum. When border patrol agents thwarted their passage, they ended up at a nearby shelter and soon learned of the school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Doris says working is giving her a chance to feel positive about her life again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the kids call out to me on the street, ‘Teacher, teacher,’ I’m so proud they’re saying that,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "For Immigrants Fleeing Gender-Based Violence, a Long Road to Asylum in US",
"title": "For Immigrants Fleeing Gender-Based Violence, a Long Road to Asylum in US",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11912836/para-inmigrantes-que-huyen-de-la-violencia-de-genero-el-camino-hacia-el-asilo-en-los-estados-unidos-es-largo\">\u003cstrong>Leer en español\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deisy Ramírez woke before dawn on the day of her final asylum hearing last November. She was shaky with nerves, but she got up and made a cup of tea to calm herself. Her fate was in the hands of one of the toughest immigration judges in San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez and her lawyer had prepared three times for her to testify, but each time, the scheduled hearing was postponed due to COVID-19. Revisiting the things she had lived through was still gut-wrenching every time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez, 24, grew up in the rural highlands of San Marcos province in Guatemala. She’s one of eight children, and she said her father often beat her mother and mistreated his daughters. When Ramírez was 14, she said, her father sold her to Ernesto and Eugenia Cinto, the owners of a bar where he often drank. It was a 30-minute walk from her home.\u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Deisy Ramírez\"]'They treated me like a slave. I was so scared that whole time.'[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She was imprisoned by the family, required to cook, clean and serve the patrons of the bar without pay. She said she was forced into a sexual relationship with the couple’s 18-year-old son, Dembler Cinto, who routinely beat and raped her. He fathered her two children.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They treated me like a slave,” she said. “I was so scared that whole time.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez is one of thousands of people pursuing protection from gender-based violence in a U.S. asylum system that was gutted during the presidency of Donald Trump and has been only partially restored by President Joe Biden.[aside postID='news_11912836' label='Read this story in Spanish'] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Biden administration is now preparing to lift Title 42, the public health regulation that was deployed in March 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to expel asylum-seekers at U.S. borders. But Biden has not yet delivered on a pledge to clarify the grounds on which people can qualify for asylum. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a year ago, the president promised a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/02/executive-order-creating-a-comprehensive-regional-framework-to-address-the-causes-of-migration-to-manage-migration-throughout-north-and-central-america-and-to-provide-safe-and-orderly-processing/\">rule that would spell out who can be considered a member of a “particular social group,”\u003c/a> a vague asylum category that comes from a 1951 international refugee convention. Advocates hope a new definition will cover people who’ve suffered gender-based violence, and they say the delay is putting women like Ramírez, who’ve fled persecution inflicted specifically because they are women, at risk of further violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2019, when Ramírez was 21, she managed to escape Guatemala with her children, then 3 and 5 years old.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Once she reached San Francisco, Ramírez spent six months searching for a lawyer to help her make her case in immigration court. She eventually found pro bono help from the Oakland nonprofit Centro Legal de la Raza, crucial assistance that \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/asyfile/\">many asylum-seekers lack\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Monica Valencia, her attorney at Centro Legal, bolstered Ramírez’s asylum application with more than 500 pages of documents, including reports on country conditions and affidavits from experts. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But as she prepared for court on that nervous morning of Nov. 17, Ramírez knew she would have to tell her story out loud and ask for protection from Judge Joseph Park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Park was appointed to the bench in 2017 by then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions. In his first three years as a judge, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/judgereports/00526SFR/index.html\">Park denied nearly 87% of the asylum cases that came before him\u003c/a>, far more than the 67% average denial rate nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Under U.S. asylum law, Ramírez would have to convince Park that she had a well-founded fear of persecution in Guatemala based on one of five grounds: race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group — and she’d have to show that her government was responsible or had failed to protect her. \u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Karen Musalo, director, Center for Gender and Refugee Studies, UC Hastings College of the Law\"]'The idea of refugee protection is that the international community protects people when their government fails them.'[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Valencia submitted expert testimony in Ramírez’s case showing that domestic violence, rape, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/77421/WHO_RHR_12.38_eng.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">femicide\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and forced marriage, including parents selling their daughters into early marriage, are common in Guatemala and treated with impunity. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She based the case in part on a \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ruling\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, known as \u003ca href=\"https://harvardlawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Matter-of-ARCG.pdf\">Matter of ARCG\u003c/a>, that recognized Guatemalan women fleeing domestic violence as members of a particular social group with grounds to pursue asylum. But that argument ran counter to the way asylum law was interpreted during the Trump presidency.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1070866/download\">Sessions vacated that standard and ruled\u003c/a> that domestic violence, and other “private criminal activity,” was not generally grounds for asylum. A group of retired immigration judges called the Sessions ruling “\u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/retired-ijs-and-former-members-of-the-bia-issue\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">an affront to the rule of law\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.” \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scholars say\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/immigration/the-history-and-future-of-gender-asylum-law/\"> it bucked more than three decades of U.S. and international refugee law\u003c/a> that recognizes victims of gender-based violence as eligible for protection.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It used to be thought that things that happen to people in the privacy of their homes weren’t of concern to human rights,” said \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Karen Musalo, director of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://cgrs.uchastings.edu\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Center for Gender and Refugee Studies\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> at UC Hastings College of the Law\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “So women could be burned to death, beaten and killed.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But since the 1980s, the understanding of human rights has evolved to recognize that “women’s rights are human rights and governments have the responsibility to protect the human rights of their citizens,” Musalo said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The idea of refugee protection is that the international community protects people when their government fails them,” she added. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Merrick Garland, Biden’s attorney general, \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/asg/page/file/1404826/download\">reversed Sessions’s decisions on domestic violence\u003c/a>. And over the past year, immigration judges, including Park, have begun \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/667/\">approving a larger share of asylum claims\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Still, asylum rulings remain vulnerable to the political leanings of future administrations. That’s because the immigration courts lack independence from the Department of Justice, and because the asylum category of a “particular social group” is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://lawreview.law.miami.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/em_Matter-of-A-R-C-G-__em_-and-Domestic-Violence-Asylum_-A-Glimmer-of-Hope-Amidst-a-Continuing-Need-for-Reform.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">poorly defined\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his second week in office, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/02/executive-order-creating-a-comprehensive-regional-framework-to-address-the-causes-of-migration-to-manage-migration-throughout-north-and-central-america-and-to-provide-safe-and-orderly-processing/\">Biden issued an executive order\u003c/a> promising to review — within six months — whether U.S. protections for people fleeing domestic or gang violence are “consistent with international standards.” The order \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202104&RIN=1615-AC65\">also promised a new rule\u003c/a> — within nine months — to define “particular social group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But more than a year later, the review and the rule are nowhere in sight, and asylum-seekers like Deisy Ramírez face a murky situation in immigration court, as judges tackle a backlog of cases made worse by the pandemic. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The delay in defining the grounds for asylum, like Biden’s delay in lifting Title 42 at the border, reflects a tension between those in the administration who want to stake out humanitarian positions, and those who fear that rolling back restrictive Trump-era policies could hurt Democrats in the midterm Congressional elections, Musalo said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s controversy and conflict between different positions within the administration,” said Musalo. “As we’ve seen from other immigration-related decisions in this administration, there have been opposing viewpoints.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910852\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11910852\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"Deisy Ramirez sits at a playground.\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-1536x1098.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deisy Ramírez says her children gave her the strength to break free from an abusive relationship where she was held against her will. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Reliving trauma in court\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Ramírez prepared for her day in court, she was not following these legal and political ins and outs. She just knew that she and her children had endured horrors in Guatemala and they had fled to the U.S. in search of safety.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was the most difficult decision I’ve ever made,” she said. “I thought, ‘What am I going to do if they find me? They’re going to kill me, and they could kill the children, they could hurt them, they could sell them.’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the morning of her hearing, Ramírez put on a long, flowered skirt, combed out her waist-length brown hair and got a ride to the courthouse in downtown San Francisco. She passed through the metal detector, and took the elevator to the fourth floor. The courtroom was empty except for two lawyers and a paralegal from her legal team. Ramírez also had allowed me to attend this sensitive hearing that would change her life.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A clerk turned on a video link that would connect the judge and the court interpreter, and he dialed the phone line for the ICE prosecutor. Then he walked back down the empty hall to his office.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The brown wood paneling of the courtroom walls was scratched and scuffed. On the back of one of the wooden benches for spectators, someone had carved the words \"love\" and \"happy.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Park appeared on a large video monitor and explained the proceedings. His voice was distorted, as if he were speaking from the bottom of a swimming pool, but when the interpreter repeated his words in Spanish, her voice was clear. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the next hour and a half, Valencia led Ramírez through her harrowing testimony.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Why do you believe your father sold you to the Cinto family?” asked Valencia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My father told me we, as women, were worthless,” Ramírez replied. “And we belonged to him like his property.”\u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Deisy Ramírez\"]'I didn't want [my children] to suffer as I had, because it scars you, really, for life.'[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Are you married to Dembler Cinto?” asked Valencia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“No. When I was 14 years old, I was forced to be with him,” said Ramírez. “His parents told me, when my father dropped me off, that I would be his woman.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“What kind of words did he use when he abused you?” asked Valencia. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“He said that women were born to serve men,” Ramírez answered, her voice cracking. “He said I was whore and that I was his slave.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Were there ever physical markings on your body?” the lawyer asked.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Yes, every time he hurt me I had bruises on my legs and arms, on my waist and my face,” Ramírez replied. “My nose and mouth would bleed.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez described years of forced servitude, degrading language and regular beatings and rapes. She said she was required to wear skimpy clothing when working in the bar, where men would grope her body. A few times, she said, police officers came and drank at the bar.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They could see I was a 14-year-old child who was bruised,” Ramírez said. “And they never tried to help.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Besides, she had never seen police aid battered women. When Ramírez still lived at home, she said her mother had gone to the police after being beaten bloody by her father, but officers said it was a domestic matter and wouldn’t intervene, just as they ignored other neighborhood women who suffered abuse.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez said she was typically locked in the house and Dembler Cinto threatened that if she ever told anyone about her treatment or tried to leave, he would kill her and harm the children. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recounting the traumatic experiences was grueling. To help her stay steady, Ramírez told me later, Valencia had taught her breathing exercises. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“She always ended our conversations with an exercise so that I knew I was in a safe place,” said Ramírez. “Her words helped me so much.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They’re grounding techniques for coming back to your body,” said Valencia, who practices meditation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez said the practice helped her summon the courage to tell her story in court. But she had found her greatest courage three years earlier when she made her escape from the Cinto family.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910799\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11910799 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-800x571.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-1020x728.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-1536x1097.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deisy Ramírez watches her children play at a playground in San Francisco on Nov. 22, 2021. “You’re only a child once,” says Ramírez, who spent much of her own childhood in forced servitude. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The escape\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was the kids, Stefany and Alexis, who gave her the strength to break free, she said. As they grew from babies into children, their father became increasingly abusive, whipping them with a belt. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was really difficult to see how he hit them, how he spoke to them,” she said. “I didn’t want them to suffer as I had, because it scars you, really, for life. ”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As her children were getting bigger, Ramírez, too, was growing from a teenager into a woman. One morning she saw her chance and took it.\u003c/span>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Deisy Ramírez\"]'I told myself, 'It's today. If I don't try today, then when?'[/pullquote]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I told myself, ‘It’s today. If I don’t try today, then when?’” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That February day in 2019, she said Dembler Cinto and his father were out buying liquor to restock the bar and his mother was grocery shopping. With a rare hour alone, Ramírez said she took a wad of Dembler’s cash, grabbed the children and flagged down a pickup truck that had a daily route driving villagers to the bigger town of Coatepeque about 40 minutes away. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“From there, my idea was, get to Mexico. Because if I stay in Guatemala, they’ll find me more quickly,” she told me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At first, Ramírez was too fearful to speak to people. She knocked on doors, offering to do laundry in exchange for food or money. Sometimes she and the kids slept in bus stations under one blanket. But they also met kind strangers who helped, and Ramírez said she learned there were people she could trust.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez bought a cellphone and called her mother. It was the first time they had spoken in years, and she learned that several of her siblings had moved to San Francisco, escaping the violence back home as soon as they could leave. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My mom gave me my sister’s number because she knew I needed help,” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So Ramírez set out for the U.S.-Mexico border, and when she got there she gave her sister’s phone number to border officials.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My sister told them she had a room where my kids and I could stay. It was like it fell from the sky, because I really had no idea what I would do,” said Ramírez. “But she opened her doors to us. And then she helped me find work and start to get stable.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Asylum granted\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the asylum hearing concluded, Valencia narrowed in on a few final points crucial to proving her case before the judge.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Did you ever ask for help?” she asked.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“No,” Ramírez said. “I was afraid if I went home, my dad would take me back to the Cinto family. He said they were my owners.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez explained she had no basis to trust that local authorities would protect her, and she didn’t believe she could be safe anywhere in Guatemala. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Women in Guatemala are treated badly,” Ramírez said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To Valencia’s surprise, ICE prosecutor Juliet Boss said she wouldn’t cross-examine Ramírez. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“She’s covered everything,” Boss told the judge. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She said that if Ramírez won her case, the government would not appeal. That lined up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/about/offices/opla/OPLA-immigration-enforcement_interim-guidance.pdf\">Biden administration guidance\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> last year telling ICE attorneys to use their discretion on whom to prosecute, but it was not what the Centro Legal team expected from the usually aggressive ICE prosecutors. \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then it was the judge’s turn. Ramírez and her lawyers gazed at the video monitor where Park sat in his black robe. Of the 40 judges on the San Francisco bench, they knew he was one of the least likely to grant asylum. If Ramírez lost, she could be deported.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Ma’am, we’ve heard your testimony,” Park said. “The court has determined that you are eligible and deserve asylum at the court’s discretion. So you and your children will be asylees in the United States.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After a thank-you from Ramírez and a few formalities, the video feed clicked off. Ramírez and her lawyers were left alone in the courtroom. They stood up and hugged each other. Everyone cried.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Gracias, gracias, gracias,” said Ramírez. “You are really special people.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The women collected their jackets and files and walked past the security guards and out onto the street. As they headed for a nearby Peet’s coffee shop to celebrate, they began to chatter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I was nervous about this judge,” said Valencia. “Deisy’s case is the strongest asylum case I’ve ever argued, but he has a reputation for being tough.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She added, “I’ve never had an ICE prosecutor decline to cross-examine.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the counter, Ramírez ordered a hot chocolate with whipped cream.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was the third asylum case the Centro Legal team had won in just four days, said Valencia’s colleague, Abby Sullivan Engen, and likely the result of the Biden administration’s more generous interpretations of asylum law.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A few weeks later, another client — also a woman fleeing gender-based violence in Guatemala — won asylum from an equally tough San Francisco immigration judge. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Iris Diéguez testified she had been married to a Guatemalan police officer who raped and threatened her and that, when she got a restraining order, his fellow officers refused to enforce it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Judge Julie Nelson acknowledged that Diéguez must have felt frustrated since she’d been waiting for her day in court since 2013.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“But,” she told Engen, “it may work in her favor, given changes in the law.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the hearing concluded, Nelson explained her reasoning to Diéguez. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You have argued that you were harmed because you were part of the social group of Guatemalan women … I do find this is a recognizable particular social group, based on the law,” she said. “And I do find that you testified in a credible manner that [your husband] and others treated you the way they did because of their animus toward Guatemalan women and you as a Guatemalan woman.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then Nelson granted asylum to Diéguez and her daughter. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez and Diéguez now have the security of knowing they can live permanently in the United States. But advocates say too many asylum-seekers are left guessing about their chances for protection, because the Biden administration hasn’t issued the rule promised in February 2021 to clarify the grounds for asylum based on belonging to a “particular social group.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I think it will be more clear for applicants and it will be more clear for adjudicators,” said Musalo. “It will make things run more smoothly.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910796\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11910796\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"Deisy watches her two children play at a playground\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-1536x1098.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deisy Ramírez says asylum protection will allow her to focus on rebuilding her life and making a safe home for her children. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A better life in San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now that she has asylum — and soon a green card, establishing her as a permanent U.S. resident — Ramírez can take stock of the new life she’s building for her family.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I met up with her a few days after the asylum hearing at her home in San Francisco’s Bayview district, and we headed for a nearby park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As we walked down the street in the late autumn sunshine, Stefany and Alexis, now 8 and 6, skipped ahead. The kids stopped to marvel at a procession of ants climbing a tree trunk, then took off running when we reached the playground.\u003c/span>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=news_11900535,news_11900546,news_11903829,news_11909538]\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They’re inseparable,” Ramírez said. “I don’t know if it’s because of what they’ve been through, but they do everything together.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As she walked, Ramírez pushed a stroller. Her kids now have a baby sister, Irma. We settled on a park bench, and she bounced the baby on her lap and told me how she had met Irma’s father. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In San Francisco, Ramírez started attending her sister’s church. There she met other Guatemalans, including Cristian Aguilar, a young man who had once been a childhood playmate in her village of San José Chibuj. Ramírez said Aguilar became a trusted friend. In time, their bond grew into love and they married. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“At first it was really difficult,” she said. “But he always gave me a sense of security. And he’s great with my kids. They feel so comfortable with him.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aguilar works as a medical courier, driving blood between hospitals and clinics. The cost of living in San Francisco is high, but they manage by sharing the four-bedroom townhouse with his parents and siblings, making it a household of 10. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They hope to have a place of their own one day, and Ramírez, who studied only through seventh grade in Guatemala, eventually hopes to go back to school and find a good job. She knows that in this country it’s hard to support a family on one income. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For now, though, Ramírez is focused on healing. She’s seen a psychologist, and she’s building relationships with her siblings and her mother, who she said is still suffering abuse back home. Ramírez hasn’t spoken to her father, so she may never know why he sold her to the Cintos. Maybe it was a way to cover his bar tab, she said. She just wants to put it behind her.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The most important thing for Ramírez is the well-being of her children — and she knows that’s connected to her own status as a woman. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Here in the United States, women are free, they’re equal, they can do anything,” she said. “I have opportunities here that would be impossible in Guatemala. And my daughter, my children, will be safe here.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She takes them to the playground almost every day. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I want their minds to be peaceful so they can enjoy their childhood,” she said. “Because you’re only a child once in your life. And I believe they deserve to be happy.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11912836/para-inmigrantes-que-huyen-de-la-violencia-de-genero-el-camino-hacia-el-asilo-en-los-estados-unidos-es-largo\">\u003cstrong>Leer en español\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Deisy Ramírez woke before dawn on the day of her final asylum hearing last November. She was shaky with nerves, but she got up and made a cup of tea to calm herself. Her fate was in the hands of one of the toughest immigration judges in San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez and her lawyer had prepared three times for her to testify, but each time, the scheduled hearing was postponed due to COVID-19. Revisiting the things she had lived through was still gut-wrenching every time. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez, 24, grew up in the rural highlands of San Marcos province in Guatemala. She’s one of eight children, and she said her father often beat her mother and mistreated his daughters. When Ramírez was 14, she said, her father sold her to Ernesto and Eugenia Cinto, the owners of a bar where he often drank. It was a 30-minute walk from her home.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She was imprisoned by the family, required to cook, clean and serve the patrons of the bar without pay. She said she was forced into a sexual relationship with the couple’s 18-year-old son, Dembler Cinto, who routinely beat and raped her. He fathered her two children.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They treated me like a slave,” she said. “I was so scared that whole time.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez is one of thousands of people pursuing protection from gender-based violence in a U.S. asylum system that was gutted during the presidency of Donald Trump and has been only partially restored by President Joe Biden.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Biden administration is now preparing to lift Title 42, the public health regulation that was deployed in March 2020 at the start of the COVID-19 pandemic to expel asylum-seekers at U.S. borders. But Biden has not yet delivered on a pledge to clarify the grounds on which people can qualify for asylum. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over a year ago, the president promised a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/02/executive-order-creating-a-comprehensive-regional-framework-to-address-the-causes-of-migration-to-manage-migration-throughout-north-and-central-america-and-to-provide-safe-and-orderly-processing/\">rule that would spell out who can be considered a member of a “particular social group,”\u003c/a> a vague asylum category that comes from a 1951 international refugee convention. Advocates hope a new definition will cover people who’ve suffered gender-based violence, and they say the delay is putting women like Ramírez, who’ve fled persecution inflicted specifically because they are women, at risk of further violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In 2019, when Ramírez was 21, she managed to escape Guatemala with her children, then 3 and 5 years old.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Once she reached San Francisco, Ramírez spent six months searching for a lawyer to help her make her case in immigration court. She eventually found pro bono help from the Oakland nonprofit Centro Legal de la Raza, crucial assistance that \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/phptools/immigration/asyfile/\">many asylum-seekers lack\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Monica Valencia, her attorney at Centro Legal, bolstered Ramírez’s asylum application with more than 500 pages of documents, including reports on country conditions and affidavits from experts. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But as she prepared for court on that nervous morning of Nov. 17, Ramírez knew she would have to tell her story out loud and ask for protection from Judge Joseph Park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Park was appointed to the bench in 2017 by then-Attorney General Jeff Sessions. In his first three years as a judge, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/judgereports/00526SFR/index.html\">Park denied nearly 87% of the asylum cases that came before him\u003c/a>, far more than the 67% average denial rate nationally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Under U.S. asylum law, Ramírez would have to convince Park that she had a well-founded fear of persecution in Guatemala based on one of five grounds: race, religion, nationality, political opinion or membership in a particular social group — and she’d have to show that her government was responsible or had failed to protect her. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Valencia submitted expert testimony in Ramírez’s case showing that domestic violence, rape, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/77421/WHO_RHR_12.38_eng.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">femicide\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> and forced marriage, including parents selling their daughters into early marriage, are common in Guatemala and treated with impunity. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She based the case in part on a \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">ruling\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, known as \u003ca href=\"https://harvardlawreview.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/Matter-of-ARCG.pdf\">Matter of ARCG\u003c/a>, that recognized Guatemalan women fleeing domestic violence as members of a particular social group with grounds to pursue asylum. But that argument ran counter to the way asylum law was interpreted during the Trump presidency.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2018, \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/eoir/page/file/1070866/download\">Sessions vacated that standard and ruled\u003c/a> that domestic violence, and other “private criminal activity,” was not generally grounds for asylum. A group of retired immigration judges called the Sessions ruling “\u003ca href=\"https://www.aila.org/infonet/retired-ijs-and-former-members-of-the-bia-issue\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">an affront to the rule of law\u003c/span>\u003c/a>.” \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Scholars say\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanbar.org/groups/crsj/publications/human_rights_magazine_home/immigration/the-history-and-future-of-gender-asylum-law/\"> it bucked more than three decades of U.S. and international refugee law\u003c/a> that recognizes victims of gender-based violence as eligible for protection.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It used to be thought that things that happen to people in the privacy of their homes weren’t of concern to human rights,” said \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Karen Musalo, director of the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://cgrs.uchastings.edu\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Center for Gender and Refugee Studies\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> at UC Hastings College of the Law\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “So women could be burned to death, beaten and killed.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But since the 1980s, the understanding of human rights has evolved to recognize that “women’s rights are human rights and governments have the responsibility to protect the human rights of their citizens,” Musalo said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“The idea of refugee protection is that the international community protects people when their government fails them,” she added. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, Merrick Garland, Biden’s attorney general, \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/asg/page/file/1404826/download\">reversed Sessions’s decisions on domestic violence\u003c/a>. And over the past year, immigration judges, including Park, have begun \u003ca href=\"https://trac.syr.edu/immigration/reports/667/\">approving a larger share of asylum claims\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Still, asylum rulings remain vulnerable to the political leanings of future administrations. That’s because the immigration courts lack independence from the Department of Justice, and because the asylum category of a “particular social group” is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://lawreview.law.miami.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/em_Matter-of-A-R-C-G-__em_-and-Domestic-Violence-Asylum_-A-Glimmer-of-Hope-Amidst-a-Continuing-Need-for-Reform.pdf\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">poorly defined\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his second week in office, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2021/02/02/executive-order-creating-a-comprehensive-regional-framework-to-address-the-causes-of-migration-to-manage-migration-throughout-north-and-central-america-and-to-provide-safe-and-orderly-processing/\">Biden issued an executive order\u003c/a> promising to review — within six months — whether U.S. protections for people fleeing domestic or gang violence are “consistent with international standards.” The order \u003ca href=\"https://www.reginfo.gov/public/do/eAgendaViewRule?pubId=202104&RIN=1615-AC65\">also promised a new rule\u003c/a> — within nine months — to define “particular social group.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">But more than a year later, the review and the rule are nowhere in sight, and asylum-seekers like Deisy Ramírez face a murky situation in immigration court, as judges tackle a backlog of cases made worse by the pandemic. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The delay in defining the grounds for asylum, like Biden’s delay in lifting Title 42 at the border, reflects a tension between those in the administration who want to stake out humanitarian positions, and those who fear that rolling back restrictive Trump-era policies could hurt Democrats in the midterm Congressional elections, Musalo said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“There’s controversy and conflict between different positions within the administration,” said Musalo. “As we’ve seen from other immigration-related decisions in this administration, there have been opposing viewpoints.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910852\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11910852\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"Deisy Ramirez sits at a playground.\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1-1536x1098.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55043_IMG_4347-qut-1.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deisy Ramírez says her children gave her the strength to break free from an abusive relationship where she was held against her will. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>Reliving trauma in court\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As Ramírez prepared for her day in court, she was not following these legal and political ins and outs. She just knew that she and her children had endured horrors in Guatemala and they had fled to the U.S. in search of safety.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was the most difficult decision I’ve ever made,” she said. “I thought, ‘What am I going to do if they find me? They’re going to kill me, and they could kill the children, they could hurt them, they could sell them.’” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the morning of her hearing, Ramírez put on a long, flowered skirt, combed out her waist-length brown hair and got a ride to the courthouse in downtown San Francisco. She passed through the metal detector, and took the elevator to the fourth floor. The courtroom was empty except for two lawyers and a paralegal from her legal team. Ramírez also had allowed me to attend this sensitive hearing that would change her life.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A clerk turned on a video link that would connect the judge and the court interpreter, and he dialed the phone line for the ICE prosecutor. Then he walked back down the empty hall to his office.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The brown wood paneling of the courtroom walls was scratched and scuffed. On the back of one of the wooden benches for spectators, someone had carved the words \"love\" and \"happy.\" \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Park appeared on a large video monitor and explained the proceedings. His voice was distorted, as if he were speaking from the bottom of a swimming pool, but when the interpreter repeated his words in Spanish, her voice was clear. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Over the next hour and a half, Valencia led Ramírez through her harrowing testimony.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Why do you believe your father sold you to the Cinto family?” asked Valencia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My father told me we, as women, were worthless,” Ramírez replied. “And we belonged to him like his property.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Are you married to Dembler Cinto?” asked Valencia.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“No. When I was 14 years old, I was forced to be with him,” said Ramírez. “His parents told me, when my father dropped me off, that I would be his woman.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“What kind of words did he use when he abused you?” asked Valencia. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“He said that women were born to serve men,” Ramírez answered, her voice cracking. “He said I was whore and that I was his slave.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Were there ever physical markings on your body?” the lawyer asked.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Yes, every time he hurt me I had bruises on my legs and arms, on my waist and my face,” Ramírez replied. “My nose and mouth would bleed.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez described years of forced servitude, degrading language and regular beatings and rapes. She said she was required to wear skimpy clothing when working in the bar, where men would grope her body. A few times, she said, police officers came and drank at the bar.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They could see I was a 14-year-old child who was bruised,” Ramírez said. “And they never tried to help.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Besides, she had never seen police aid battered women. When Ramírez still lived at home, she said her mother had gone to the police after being beaten bloody by her father, but officers said it was a domestic matter and wouldn’t intervene, just as they ignored other neighborhood women who suffered abuse.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez said she was typically locked in the house and Dembler Cinto threatened that if she ever told anyone about her treatment or tried to leave, he would kill her and harm the children. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Recounting the traumatic experiences was grueling. To help her stay steady, Ramírez told me later, Valencia had taught her breathing exercises. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“She always ended our conversations with an exercise so that I knew I was in a safe place,” said Ramírez. “Her words helped me so much.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They’re grounding techniques for coming back to your body,” said Valencia, who practices meditation.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez said the practice helped her summon the courage to tell her story in court. But she had found her greatest courage three years earlier when she made her escape from the Cinto family.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910799\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11910799 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-800x571.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"571\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-800x571.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-1020x728.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut-1536x1097.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55044_IMG_4382-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deisy Ramírez watches her children play at a playground in San Francisco on Nov. 22, 2021. “You’re only a child once,” says Ramírez, who spent much of her own childhood in forced servitude. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The escape\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was the kids, Stefany and Alexis, who gave her the strength to break free, she said. As they grew from babies into children, their father became increasingly abusive, whipping them with a belt. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“It was really difficult to see how he hit them, how he spoke to them,” she said. “I didn’t want them to suffer as I had, because it scars you, really, for life. ”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As her children were getting bigger, Ramírez, too, was growing from a teenager into a woman. One morning she saw her chance and took it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I told myself, ‘It’s today. If I don’t try today, then when?’” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That February day in 2019, she said Dembler Cinto and his father were out buying liquor to restock the bar and his mother was grocery shopping. With a rare hour alone, Ramírez said she took a wad of Dembler’s cash, grabbed the children and flagged down a pickup truck that had a daily route driving villagers to the bigger town of Coatepeque about 40 minutes away. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“From there, my idea was, get to Mexico. Because if I stay in Guatemala, they’ll find me more quickly,” she told me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At first, Ramírez was too fearful to speak to people. She knocked on doors, offering to do laundry in exchange for food or money. Sometimes she and the kids slept in bus stations under one blanket. But they also met kind strangers who helped, and Ramírez said she learned there were people she could trust.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez bought a cellphone and called her mother. It was the first time they had spoken in years, and she learned that several of her siblings had moved to San Francisco, escaping the violence back home as soon as they could leave. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My mom gave me my sister’s number because she knew I needed help,” she said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So Ramírez set out for the U.S.-Mexico border, and when she got there she gave her sister’s phone number to border officials.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“My sister told them she had a room where my kids and I could stay. It was like it fell from the sky, because I really had no idea what I would do,” said Ramírez. “But she opened her doors to us. And then she helped me find work and start to get stable.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Asylum granted\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the asylum hearing concluded, Valencia narrowed in on a few final points crucial to proving her case before the judge.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Did you ever ask for help?” she asked.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“No,” Ramírez said. “I was afraid if I went home, my dad would take me back to the Cinto family. He said they were my owners.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez explained she had no basis to trust that local authorities would protect her, and she didn’t believe she could be safe anywhere in Guatemala. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Women in Guatemala are treated badly,” Ramírez said.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">To Valencia’s surprise, ICE prosecutor Juliet Boss said she wouldn’t cross-examine Ramírez. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“She’s covered everything,” Boss told the judge. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She said that if Ramírez won her case, the government would not appeal. That lined up with \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/doclib/about/offices/opla/OPLA-immigration-enforcement_interim-guidance.pdf\">Biden administration guidance\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> last year telling ICE attorneys to use their discretion on whom to prosecute, but it was not what the Centro Legal team expected from the usually aggressive ICE prosecutors. \u003c/span>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then it was the judge’s turn. Ramírez and her lawyers gazed at the video monitor where Park sat in his black robe. Of the 40 judges on the San Francisco bench, they knew he was one of the least likely to grant asylum. If Ramírez lost, she could be deported.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Ma’am, we’ve heard your testimony,” Park said. “The court has determined that you are eligible and deserve asylum at the court’s discretion. So you and your children will be asylees in the United States.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After a thank-you from Ramírez and a few formalities, the video feed clicked off. Ramírez and her lawyers were left alone in the courtroom. They stood up and hugged each other. Everyone cried.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Gracias, gracias, gracias,” said Ramírez. “You are really special people.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The women collected their jackets and files and walked past the security guards and out onto the street. As they headed for a nearby Peet’s coffee shop to celebrate, they began to chatter.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I was nervous about this judge,” said Valencia. “Deisy’s case is the strongest asylum case I’ve ever argued, but he has a reputation for being tough.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She added, “I’ve never had an ICE prosecutor decline to cross-examine.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">At the counter, Ramírez ordered a hot chocolate with whipped cream.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">It was the third asylum case the Centro Legal team had won in just four days, said Valencia’s colleague, Abby Sullivan Engen, and likely the result of the Biden administration’s more generous interpretations of asylum law.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A few weeks later, another client — also a woman fleeing gender-based violence in Guatemala — won asylum from an equally tough San Francisco immigration judge. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Iris Diéguez testified she had been married to a Guatemalan police officer who raped and threatened her and that, when she got a restraining order, his fellow officers refused to enforce it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Judge Julie Nelson acknowledged that Diéguez must have felt frustrated since she’d been waiting for her day in court since 2013.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“But,” she told Engen, “it may work in her favor, given changes in the law.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As the hearing concluded, Nelson explained her reasoning to Diéguez. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“You have argued that you were harmed because you were part of the social group of Guatemalan women … I do find this is a recognizable particular social group, based on the law,” she said. “And I do find that you testified in a credible manner that [your husband] and others treated you the way they did because of their animus toward Guatemalan women and you as a Guatemalan woman.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then Nelson granted asylum to Diéguez and her daughter. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Ramírez and Diéguez now have the security of knowing they can live permanently in the United States. But advocates say too many asylum-seekers are left guessing about their chances for protection, because the Biden administration hasn’t issued the rule promised in February 2021 to clarify the grounds for asylum based on belonging to a “particular social group.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I think it will be more clear for applicants and it will be more clear for adjudicators,” said Musalo. “It will make things run more smoothly.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11910796\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11910796\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"Deisy watches her two children play at a playground\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-800x572.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-1020x729.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-160x114.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut-1536x1098.jpg 1536w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55045_IMG_4334-copy-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Deisy Ramírez says asylum protection will allow her to focus on rebuilding her life and making a safe home for her children. \u003ccite>(Tyche Hendricks/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A better life in San Francisco\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Now that she has asylum — and soon a green card, establishing her as a permanent U.S. resident — Ramírez can take stock of the new life she’s building for her family.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I met up with her a few days after the asylum hearing at her home in San Francisco’s Bayview district, and we headed for a nearby park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As we walked down the street in the late autumn sunshine, Stefany and Alexis, now 8 and 6, skipped ahead. The kids stopped to marvel at a procession of ants climbing a tree trunk, then took off running when we reached the playground.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They’re inseparable,” Ramírez said. “I don’t know if it’s because of what they’ve been through, but they do everything together.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As she walked, Ramírez pushed a stroller. Her kids now have a baby sister, Irma. We settled on a park bench, and she bounced the baby on her lap and told me how she had met Irma’s father. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In San Francisco, Ramírez started attending her sister’s church. There she met other Guatemalans, including Cristian Aguilar, a young man who had once been a childhood playmate in her village of San José Chibuj. Ramírez said Aguilar became a trusted friend. In time, their bond grew into love and they married. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“At first it was really difficult,” she said. “But he always gave me a sense of security. And he’s great with my kids. They feel so comfortable with him.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Aguilar works as a medical courier, driving blood between hospitals and clinics. The cost of living in San Francisco is high, but they manage by sharing the four-bedroom townhouse with his parents and siblings, making it a household of 10. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">They hope to have a place of their own one day, and Ramírez, who studied only through seventh grade in Guatemala, eventually hopes to go back to school and find a good job. She knows that in this country it’s hard to support a family on one income. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">For now, though, Ramírez is focused on healing. She’s seen a psychologist, and she’s building relationships with her siblings and her mother, who she said is still suffering abuse back home. Ramírez hasn’t spoken to her father, so she may never know why he sold her to the Cintos. Maybe it was a way to cover his bar tab, she said. She just wants to put it behind her.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The most important thing for Ramírez is the well-being of her children — and she knows that’s connected to her own status as a woman. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“Here in the United States, women are free, they’re equal, they can do anything,” she said. “I have opportunities here that would be impossible in Guatemala. And my daughter, my children, will be safe here.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">She takes them to the playground almost every day. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“I want their minds to be peaceful so they can enjoy their childhood,” she said. “Because you’re only a child once in your life. And I believe they deserve to be happy.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Asylum Limits at US-Mexico Border Expected to End May 23",
"title": "Asylum Limits at US-Mexico Border Expected to End May 23",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Biden administration is expected to end, by May 23, the asylum limits at the U.S.-Mexico border that were put in place during the Trump administration ostensibly to prevent the spread of COVID-19, according to people familiar with the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision, not yet final, would stop the United States from invoking public health rules to avoid fulfilling its legal obligations to provide haven to people fleeing persecution. It would apply to all asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ending the limitations in May would allow for time to prepare at the border, the sources said. But the delay runs against the wishes of top Democrats and others who say COVID-19 has long been used as an excuse for the U.S. to get out of asylum obligations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also raises the possibility that more asylum-seeking migrants will come to the border at a time when flows are already high. The Department of Homeland Security said Tuesday that \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-covid-health-arizona-san-antonio-f99c9d3e892a908471e096fa9882e251\">about 7,100 migrants were coming daily, compared with an average of about 5,900 a day in February\u003c/a>, a rate that's on pace to match or exceed highs from last year, 2019 and other peak periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden declined to discuss his administration’s plans, telling reporters Wednesday at the White House, “We’ll have a decision on that soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever the limits are lifted, \"there will be an influx of people to the border. We are doing a lot of work to plan for that contingency,” said White House communications director Kate Bedingfield. Speaking broadly, Bedingfield said the administration is trying to “build up our migration system and ensure that we are restoring order at the border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had extended its asylum-blocking powers for two months in late January, near the height of the omicron variant. The authority is up for renewal this week, and officials were expected to announce as early as Friday that it would be terminated, giving border authorities a few months to prepare for the coming deadline.[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"asylum-seekers\"]The people familiar with the plans saw a draft report that has not been finalized, and spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The limits went into place in March 2020 under the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-coronavirus-pandemic-health-mexico-texas-45cb54dc7824e1848bd0f5656a4ff78a\">Trump administration\u003c/a> as coronavirus cases soared. While officials said at the time that it was a way to keep COVID-19 out of the United States, there always has been criticism that the restrictions were used as an excuse to seal the border to migrants unwanted by then-President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was perhaps the broadest of Trump’s actions to restrict crossings and crack down on migrants. The health order has caused migrants to be expelled from the United States more than 1.7 million times since March 2020 without a chance for them to request asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restrictions took effect \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-pandemics-public-health-new-york-health-4ef0c6c5263815a26f8aa17f6ea490ae\">over the objections of CDC officials\u003c/a>. Dr. Martin Cetron of the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine refused the order, saying there was no public health basis for such a drastic move, the AP reported. But then-Vice President Mike Pence ordered the CDC’s director to use the agency’s emergency powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as mask mandates were lifted; vaccination rates climbed; and COVID-19 rates dropped among migrants crossing from Mexico, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-covid-health-public-health-arizona-922239ef33f346b58cfc93772f8fc287\">it became increasingly difficult to defend the order on scientific grounds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden, who has rolled back some of Trump’s other, more restrictive policies, has taken increasing criticism for keeping the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security officials, Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer of New York and other top Democrats were increasingly vocal about wanting to end so-called Title 42 authority, named for a 1944 public health law to prevent communicable disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all Democratic elected officials agreed, including some from border and swing states. Sens. Mark Kelly and Kyrsten Sinema, both Arizona Democrats, sided with Republican leaders to say Title 42 should remain until U.S. border authorities were prepared for sharp increases in new arrivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Border Patrol agents told me they expect a tsunami of humans to come across the border, and the Border Patrol has said they will lose control entirely,” said Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security officials said they are planning for as many as 18,000 arrivals daily, an astounding number that they cautioned was given simply to prepare for all possible outcomes, and is not a projection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there have been no major changes to how migrants are processed at the U.S.-Mexico border, and there is no increase in holding facilities for them. The immigration court backlog continues to soar, now at more than 1.7 million cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say Title 42 has been an excuse to avoid asylum obligations under U.S. law and international treaty, buying Biden time to create the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/mexico-immigration-united-states-1efbf1f357a5210d2433b48820b9aa54\">“humane” asylum system\u003c/a> that he promised during his 2020 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Title 42 is a horrific and unjustified policy that should never have been enacted and has caused grave harm to thousands of asylum-seekers over the past two years,\" said immigration attorney Lee Gelernt of the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there is no aggregate rate for migrants, COVID-19 test results from several major corridors for illegal border crossings suggest it is well below levels that have triggered concerns among U.S. officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, 54 of 2,877 migrants tested positive in the first two weeks of March, according to the state Department of Social Services. That’s a rate of just 1.9%, down from a peak of 28.2% on January 8.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Pima County, Arizona, which includes Tucson, the seven-day positivity rate among migrants didn’t exceed 1.3% in early March. The positivity rate among 5,300 migrants tested last month at the Regional Center for Border Health near Yuma, Arizona, was 0.1%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McAllen, Texas, the largest city in the busiest corridor for illegal crossings, has a higher rate among migrants — 11.3% for the week ending March 16 — but it has been consistently lower than the general population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDC Director Dr. Rochelle Walensky noted falling rates when she ended asylum limits on unaccompanied child migrants on March 11, while keeping them for adults and families with kids. In August, U.S. border authorities began testing children traveling alone in their busiest areas: The positivity rate fell to 6% in the first week of March from a high of nearly 20% in early February.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum limits have been applied unevenly by nationality, depending largely on costs and diplomatic relations with home countries. Many migrants from Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua and, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-immigration-covid-health-caribbean-b263d08de4ec094ee4d5e137c0ca8460\">more recently, Ukraine\u003c/a> have been spared. Homeland Security officials wrote to border authorities this month that Ukrainians may be exempt, saying Russia's invasion \"created a humanitarian crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Biden administration is expected to end, by May 23, the asylum limits at the U.S.-Mexico border that were put in place during the Trump administration ostensibly to prevent the spread of COVID-19, according to people familiar with the matter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The decision, not yet final, would stop the United States from invoking public health rules to avoid fulfilling its legal obligations to provide haven to people fleeing persecution. It would apply to all asylum-seekers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ending the limitations in May would allow for time to prepare at the border, the sources said. But the delay runs against the wishes of top Democrats and others who say COVID-19 has long been used as an excuse for the U.S. to get out of asylum obligations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also raises the possibility that more asylum-seeking migrants will come to the border at a time when flows are already high. The Department of Homeland Security said Tuesday that \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-covid-health-arizona-san-antonio-f99c9d3e892a908471e096fa9882e251\">about 7,100 migrants were coming daily, compared with an average of about 5,900 a day in February\u003c/a>, a rate that's on pace to match or exceed highs from last year, 2019 and other peak periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Biden declined to discuss his administration’s plans, telling reporters Wednesday at the White House, “We’ll have a decision on that soon.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever the limits are lifted, \"there will be an influx of people to the border. We are doing a lot of work to plan for that contingency,” said White House communications director Kate Bedingfield. Speaking broadly, Bedingfield said the administration is trying to “build up our migration system and ensure that we are restoring order at the border.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention had extended its asylum-blocking powers for two months in late January, near the height of the omicron variant. The authority is up for renewal this week, and officials were expected to announce as early as Friday that it would be terminated, giving border authorities a few months to prepare for the coming deadline.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The people familiar with the plans saw a draft report that has not been finalized, and spoke to The Associated Press on condition of anonymity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The limits went into place in March 2020 under the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-coronavirus-pandemic-health-mexico-texas-45cb54dc7824e1848bd0f5656a4ff78a\">Trump administration\u003c/a> as coronavirus cases soared. While officials said at the time that it was a way to keep COVID-19 out of the United States, there always has been criticism that the restrictions were used as an excuse to seal the border to migrants unwanted by then-President Donald Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was perhaps the broadest of Trump’s actions to restrict crossings and crack down on migrants. The health order has caused migrants to be expelled from the United States more than 1.7 million times since March 2020 without a chance for them to request asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Restrictions took effect \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-pandemics-public-health-new-york-health-4ef0c6c5263815a26f8aa17f6ea490ae\">over the objections of CDC officials\u003c/a>. Dr. Martin Cetron of the Division of Global Migration and Quarantine refused the order, saying there was no public health basis for such a drastic move, the AP reported. But then-Vice President Mike Pence ordered the CDC’s director to use the agency’s emergency powers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, as mask mandates were lifted; vaccination rates climbed; and COVID-19 rates dropped among migrants crossing from Mexico, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/immigration-covid-health-public-health-arizona-922239ef33f346b58cfc93772f8fc287\">it became increasingly difficult to defend the order on scientific grounds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden, who has rolled back some of Trump’s other, more restrictive policies, has taken increasing criticism for keeping the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security officials, Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer of New York and other top Democrats were increasingly vocal about wanting to end so-called Title 42 authority, named for a 1944 public health law to prevent communicable disease.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not all Democratic elected officials agreed, including some from border and swing states. Sens. Mark Kelly and Kyrsten Sinema, both Arizona Democrats, sided with Republican leaders to say Title 42 should remain until U.S. border authorities were prepared for sharp increases in new arrivals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Border Patrol agents told me they expect a tsunami of humans to come across the border, and the Border Patrol has said they will lose control entirely,” said Sen. John Cornyn, R-Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Homeland Security officials said they are planning for as many as 18,000 arrivals daily, an astounding number that they cautioned was given simply to prepare for all possible outcomes, and is not a projection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there have been no major changes to how migrants are processed at the U.S.-Mexico border, and there is no increase in holding facilities for them. The immigration court backlog continues to soar, now at more than 1.7 million cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say Title 42 has been an excuse to avoid asylum obligations under U.S. law and international treaty, buying Biden time to create the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/mexico-immigration-united-states-1efbf1f357a5210d2433b48820b9aa54\">“humane” asylum system\u003c/a> that he promised during his 2020 campaign.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Title 42 is a horrific and unjustified policy that should never have been enacted and has caused grave harm to thousands of asylum-seekers over the past two years,\" said immigration attorney Lee Gelernt of the American Civil Liberties Union.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there is no aggregate rate for migrants, COVID-19 test results from several major corridors for illegal border crossings suggest it is well below levels that have triggered concerns among U.S. officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, 54 of 2,877 migrants tested positive in the first two weeks of March, according to the state Department of Social Services. 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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asylum limits have been applied unevenly by nationality, depending largely on costs and diplomatic relations with home countries. Many migrants from Cuba, Venezuela, Nicaragua and, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/russia-ukraine-immigration-covid-health-caribbean-b263d08de4ec094ee4d5e137c0ca8460\">more recently, Ukraine\u003c/a> have been spared. Homeland Security officials wrote to border authorities this month that Ukrainians may be exempt, saying Russia's invasion \"created a humanitarian crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s well after midnight at a border crossing in Tijuana, Mexico, on a recent Saturday night. A group of migrants are huddled under blankets near the San Ysidro port of entry. They say they’re from Russia and Belarus, and they’ve come here to ask for asylum in the United States. But the door to the U.S., just feet away from where they’re camped out, is still closed to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because of \u003ca href=\"https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?hl=false&edition=prelim&req=granuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title42-section265&num=0&saved=%7CKHRpdGxlOjQyIHNlY3Rpb246MjY0IGVkaXRpb246cHJlbGltKQ%3D%3D%7C%7C%7C0%7Cfalse%7Cprelim\">Title 42\u003c/a>, a public health code intended to prevent the spread of disease that’s being used to block the entry of migrants without visas. The policy was imposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-pandemics-public-health-new-york-health-4ef0c6c5263815a26f8aa17f6ea490ae\">under pressure\u003c/a> from the Trump White House, at the start of the pandemic two years ago. And while COVID-19 restrictions have been lifted in much of the U.S., Title 42 is still in place. But it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/pdf/NoticeUnaccompaniedChildren-update.pdf\">subject to review\u003c/a> by the end of this month.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kate Clark, attorney, Jewish Family Service of San Diego\"]‘Many times [migrants] will try to seek asylum at the port, and they’re denied, and so they’re forced to grapple with going between ports.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, two weeks ago, the Department of Homeland Security issued \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1glEe8MnsNWR15BsfQtiaSR75yKBrCuqe/view\">an extraordinary exception for Ukrainians\u003c/a>, saying they — and only they — could be exempted from Title 42. That means something resembling the normal asylum process is restored for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Title 42 has been used to expel people \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-land-border-encounters\">more than 1.7 million times\u003c/a>, without allowing them the opportunity to request asylum. Eastern Europeans — the same as Central Americans, Haitians and other asylum-seekers who have arrived in the thousands at the U.S.-Mexico border — are now increasingly desperate to cross. And some are trying dangerous methods to get into the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11909546 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Cars are seen in front of barricades with razor wire.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars line up at the automobile crossing at the San Ysidro port of entry, where Customs and Border Protection recently added cement blocks and concertina wire, on Thursday, March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Legal ways that would normally be afforded to people seeking protection are not available,” said Kate Clark, an attorney with Jewish Family Service of San Diego. Her organization provides shelter and assistance to every asylum-seeker that passes through San Diego County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since January, more than 1,000 Russians and over 450 Ukrainians have crossed the San Diego-Tijuana border, according to Jewish Family Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many times [migrants] will try to seek asylum at the port, and they’re denied, and so they’re forced to grapple with going between ports,” Clark said, “whether it be through the high desert or through another way that, quite frankly, risks their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Ukrainians and other Eastern Europeans, the challenge has just been to get onto U.S. soil. As part of an agreement with the United States, Mexico won’t accept Eastern European asylum-seekers if the U.S. doesn’t want to admit them under Title 42. Mexicans and Central Americans, by contrast, have been promptly expelled back to Mexico, though the Biden administration has made exceptions for unaccompanied children and many families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One strategy used by Russians and, until recently, Ukrainians, is to buy or rent a car in Tijuana, and drive past an initial checkpoint at the port of entry before asking for protection. In September, one Ukrainian asylum-seeker even went so far as to ram his car into the car in front of him to make sure he was firmly in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, it was a miracle that we were able to get past the [American] border officials. They didn’t ask for my documents,” said Maryna, a Ukrainian asylum-seeker who made it to the U.S. before the exception from DHS. She left Vyshneve, a small city near Kyiv, in early March as Russian bombs began to fall. (KQED is using only her first name because of safety concerns for her parents and husband, who are still in Ukraine.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maryna and her two young daughters fled to Germany, then flew to Mexico City. After a final flight to Tijuana, a family friend crossed over from San Diego and drove them back to California through the port of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just saw that a U.S. citizen was behind the wheel, and they let us through,” she told me through an interpreter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909547\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11909547 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man and woman are standing close together with other people around them next to a metal gate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unidentified Ukrainian couple waits at the pedestrian crossing at the San Ysidro port of entry, as Eastern Europeans try to find safety in the United States, on Thursday, March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Once at the passport control booth on U.S. soil, Maryna told Customs and Border Protection officers they were seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s relieved that she and her daughters reached the U.S., but as she looks out at the beautiful spring weather in San Diego, she says her mind is constantly elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At night, I couldn’t sleep because of the emotions, because [my family] is far away and we’re already here,” she said. “Yes, everything is pretty, everything is great here, but I can’t enjoy it or relax.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preferential treatment Ukrainians are now receiving has left migrants from other countries — many of whom have been waiting months, if not years — baffled and frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman turned back under Title 42 is Jackie, 21, from Michoacán, Mexico. She said she came to Tijuana a year ago, fleeing cartel violence, and lives in a crowded shelter, with no timetable on when she can enter the United States. We’re only using her first name because she fears for her safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her wait in Tijuana, she has slept in a dangerous encampment near the border, and has had to relocate multiple times after being confronted by Mexican police. She told me last November that when she tried to cross the border into the United States, Border Patrol agents were insulting and dismissive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were very racist to me,” Jackie said. “They treated my family like insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erika Pinheiro, an attorney with Al Otro Lado, a legal aid group that assists asylum-seekers in Tijuana, said she has seen Eastern Europeans receive much better treatment than other migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’ve personally observed is that CBP tends to be more polite or tell them to wait,” she said. “But when we see Central American or Black migrants approach the port of entry, they’re told to leave, they’re screamed at.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, several U.S. senators, including majority leader Chuck Shumer and California’s Alex Padilla, \u003ca href=\"https://www.menendez.senate.gov/newsroom/press/menendez-schumer-booker-and-padilla-joint-statement-on-recent-court-decisions-on-title-42\">called on the Biden administration\u003c/a> to end Title 42. The CDC must reassess the policy every 60 days, and the current review period ends March 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Ukrainians are exempted from Title 42, the public health law imposed by former President Trump that has blocked most asylum-seekers for two years. Now the policy is up for review and, amid stark contrasts in how different migrants are treated, pressure is growing to lift it.",
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"title": "Ukrainians Cross California Border, Even As Pandemic Policy Keeps Other Asylum-Seekers Out | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s well after midnight at a border crossing in Tijuana, Mexico, on a recent Saturday night. A group of migrants are huddled under blankets near the San Ysidro port of entry. They say they’re from Russia and Belarus, and they’ve come here to ask for asylum in the United States. But the door to the U.S., just feet away from where they’re camped out, is still closed to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because of \u003ca href=\"https://uscode.house.gov/view.xhtml?hl=false&edition=prelim&req=granuleid%3AUSC-prelim-title42-section265&num=0&saved=%7CKHRpdGxlOjQyIHNlY3Rpb246MjY0IGVkaXRpb246cHJlbGltKQ%3D%3D%7C%7C%7C0%7Cfalse%7Cprelim\">Title 42\u003c/a>, a public health code intended to prevent the spread of disease that’s being used to block the entry of migrants without visas. The policy was imposed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/virus-outbreak-pandemics-public-health-new-york-health-4ef0c6c5263815a26f8aa17f6ea490ae\">under pressure\u003c/a> from the Trump White House, at the start of the pandemic two years ago. And while COVID-19 restrictions have been lifted in much of the U.S., Title 42 is still in place. But it’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/more/pdf/NoticeUnaccompaniedChildren-update.pdf\">subject to review\u003c/a> by the end of this month.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Many times [migrants] will try to seek asylum at the port, and they’re denied, and so they’re forced to grapple with going between ports.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, two weeks ago, the Department of Homeland Security issued \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1glEe8MnsNWR15BsfQtiaSR75yKBrCuqe/view\">an extraordinary exception for Ukrainians\u003c/a>, saying they — and only they — could be exempted from Title 42. That means something resembling the normal asylum process is restored for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Title 42 has been used to expel people \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/newsroom/stats/southwest-land-border-encounters\">more than 1.7 million times\u003c/a>, without allowing them the opportunity to request asylum. Eastern Europeans — the same as Central Americans, Haitians and other asylum-seekers who have arrived in the thousands at the U.S.-Mexico border — are now increasingly desperate to cross. And some are trying dangerous methods to get into the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11909546 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Cars are seen in front of barricades with razor wire.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7212-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cars line up at the automobile crossing at the San Ysidro port of entry, where Customs and Border Protection recently added cement blocks and concertina wire, on Thursday, March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Legal ways that would normally be afforded to people seeking protection are not available,” said Kate Clark, an attorney with Jewish Family Service of San Diego. Her organization provides shelter and assistance to every asylum-seeker that passes through San Diego County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since January, more than 1,000 Russians and over 450 Ukrainians have crossed the San Diego-Tijuana border, according to Jewish Family Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many times [migrants] will try to seek asylum at the port, and they’re denied, and so they’re forced to grapple with going between ports,” Clark said, “whether it be through the high desert or through another way that, quite frankly, risks their lives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Ukrainians and other Eastern Europeans, the challenge has just been to get onto U.S. soil. As part of an agreement with the United States, Mexico won’t accept Eastern European asylum-seekers if the U.S. doesn’t want to admit them under Title 42. Mexicans and Central Americans, by contrast, have been promptly expelled back to Mexico, though the Biden administration has made exceptions for unaccompanied children and many families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One strategy used by Russians and, until recently, Ukrainians, is to buy or rent a car in Tijuana, and drive past an initial checkpoint at the port of entry before asking for protection. In September, one Ukrainian asylum-seeker even went so far as to ram his car into the car in front of him to make sure he was firmly in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really, it was a miracle that we were able to get past the [American] border officials. They didn’t ask for my documents,” said Maryna, a Ukrainian asylum-seeker who made it to the U.S. before the exception from DHS. She left Vyshneve, a small city near Kyiv, in early March as Russian bombs began to fall. (KQED is using only her first name because of safety concerns for her parents and husband, who are still in Ukraine.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Maryna and her two young daughters fled to Germany, then flew to Mexico City. After a final flight to Tijuana, a family friend crossed over from San Diego and drove them back to California through the port of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They just saw that a U.S. citizen was behind the wheel, and they let us through,” she told me through an interpreter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11909547\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11909547 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"A man and woman are standing close together with other people around them next to a metal gate.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-2048x1536.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/03/IMG_7291-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An unidentified Ukrainian couple waits at the pedestrian crossing at the San Ysidro port of entry, as Eastern Europeans try to find safety in the United States, on Thursday, March 10, 2022. \u003ccite>(Max Rivlin-Nadler)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Once at the passport control booth on U.S. soil, Maryna told Customs and Border Protection officers they were seeking asylum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s relieved that she and her daughters reached the U.S., but as she looks out at the beautiful spring weather in San Diego, she says her mind is constantly elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At night, I couldn’t sleep because of the emotions, because [my family] is far away and we’re already here,” she said. “Yes, everything is pretty, everything is great here, but I can’t enjoy it or relax.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The preferential treatment Ukrainians are now receiving has left migrants from other countries — many of whom have been waiting months, if not years — baffled and frustrated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One woman turned back under Title 42 is Jackie, 21, from Michoacán, Mexico. She said she came to Tijuana a year ago, fleeing cartel violence, and lives in a crowded shelter, with no timetable on when she can enter the United States. We’re only using her first name because she fears for her safety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During her wait in Tijuana, she has slept in a dangerous encampment near the border, and has had to relocate multiple times after being confronted by Mexican police. She told me last November that when she tried to cross the border into the United States, Border Patrol agents were insulting and dismissive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were very racist to me,” Jackie said. “They treated my family like insects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Erika Pinheiro, an attorney with Al Otro Lado, a legal aid group that assists asylum-seekers in Tijuana, said she has seen Eastern Europeans receive much better treatment than other migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I’ve personally observed is that CBP tends to be more polite or tell them to wait,” she said. “But when we see Central American or Black migrants approach the port of entry, they’re told to leave, they’re screamed at.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, several U.S. senators, including majority leader Chuck Shumer and California’s Alex Padilla, \u003ca href=\"https://www.menendez.senate.gov/newsroom/press/menendez-schumer-booker-and-padilla-joint-statement-on-recent-court-decisions-on-title-42\">called on the Biden administration\u003c/a> to end Title 42. The CDC must reassess the policy every 60 days, and the current review period ends March 30.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"id": "baycurious",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"order": 8
},
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"order": 15
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
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