A photo of Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz sits on an altar at Faith Baptist Church during a funeral for the mother and child in Alturas, on March 17, 2023. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)
S
hayne Maupin sat in the front row of the church staring stoically at the projector screen.
Photos of his girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their infant son, Nycholas, ticked by: Nycholas playing in a laundry basket, looking up at the camera; Nycholas tucked into his car seat; and Shayne holding hands with Alissa in the snow.
Shayne, 18, wiped his eyes with the sleeve of a red hoodie he had shared with Alissa. He didn’t know their time together as a family would be so brief.
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Blue, orange and yellow flowers were arranged on the altar next to a framed photo of Alissa holding Nycholas. Also on the altar: an urn, and plastic children’s toys.
Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Shayne’s father, rubbed his son’s head to comfort him before walking onstage to address the funeral audience. He was struggling, too.
“I’m grateful that my son had fell in love,” he said through tears. “I just wish it would have lasted longer.”
Alissa, 16, and 10-month-old Nycholas were slain Jan. 16 in a mass shooting in Goshen, an unincorporated community bisected by railroad tracks along Highway 99 west of Visalia.
It was the first of 13 days of gun violence that rocked California. In Monterey Park, 11 people died at a dance studio on Jan. 21; the suspected gunman also died, from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. On Jan. 23, seven people were gunned down at two Half Moon Bay farms. In Goshen, the violence and concerns about possible cartel involvement shocked neighbors into silence, fearful of retaliation. Almost four months later, loved ones of the victims are still trying to piece together what happened.
Officers responding to a 911 call on the morning of Jan. 16 immediately found the bodies of Alissa and Nycholas in the street in front of the house where she lived with family. Both were shot in the back of the head, and were the last to be killed in a massacre that claimed six lives. A neighbor recalled seeing Alissa’s body in the predawn light next to an abandoned child’s mattress on the curb.
In surveillance video shown at a police press conference, Alissa is seen running from the house with Nycholas in her arms. She drops him on the other side of a fence before hoisting herself over a chain-link gate. One of the two gunmen follows her, a rifle in his hands.
Nycholas, who was in foster care for most of his life, had been reunited with Alissa just three days earlier.
Four of Alissa’s other family members also died in the shooting, including her grandmother, Jennifer Analla; great-grandmother, Rosa Parraz; great-uncle, Eladio Parraz Jr.; and cousin, Marcos Parraz.
Law enforcement were familiar with the Harvest Avenue house, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux told reporters. Deputies executed a search warrant there on Jan. 3. According to Boudreaux, at least two people in the family were Sureño gang members. He said both gunmen were members of the rival Norteño gang and had targeted the family.
Noah Beard, 25, of Visalia, and Angel Uriarte, 35, of Goshen, were arrested and charged with six counts of murder with special circumstances, among other charges. Both pleaded not guilty.
Valerie Gensel, Shayne’s mother, said no social worker or representative from the sheriff’s office called to notify Shayne of Nycholas’ death.
“Not one cop,” she told KQED. “Nothing.”
Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ashley Ritchie said detectives, who were focused on catching the killers, did not immediately know Nycholas’ identity or the identity of his father.
For months before the shooting, Gensel said, she had concerns about Alissa’s living situation and her grandfather, Martin Pena Parraz, who sometimes stayed at the Harvest Avenue property. Gensel said he had threatened Shayne’s father and verbally attacked Shayne.
Sheriff’s deputies conducting a parole compliance check on Parraz on Jan. 3 found his brother, Eladio Parraz Jr., at the house instead.
“Martin and his brother Eladio Parraz are documented Sureño gang members in Tulare County,” a sheriff’s deputy wrote in a report reviewed by KQED.
According to police, a search of a trailer on the property belonging to Parraz Jr. turned up an AR-style rifle with no serial number, a shotgun, a handgun, ammunition, methamphetamine, pipes for smoking meth, body armor and 10 bags of marijuana.
Alissa and another minor, whose name in the report is redacted, were at the house at the time of the search. Deputies did not contact Child Welfare Services because, according to Ritchie, the drugs and guns were found in the trailer and not in the house, where the minors were. The trailer, one of two on the property, was a “completely different residence from where Alissa was living,” Ritchie said.
Law enforcement is required to report suspected child abuse or neglect under the Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act. When asked about the search, Carrie Monteiro, public information officer for the Tulare County Health and Human Services Agency, which includes Child Welfare Services, pointed to the law. She declined to answer questions about the case, citing confidentiality.
At a Jan. 13 juvenile court hearing, according to Gensel, a judge decided Nycholas would be returned to live with Alissa full-time in the house. In a March 7 Facebook post, Gensel wrote that Nycholas and Alissa were “failed badly” by law enforcement and the county’s child protection agency.
“Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now,” she wrote, referencing the Maupins’ desire for Shayne and Alissa to share custody of Nycholas.
At the funeral on March 17, relatives, co-workers and friends of the Maupins gathered inside Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, a small town in the remote, high desert of upstate California where Alissa lived before moving to the Central Valley.
The family wanted answers. Why were Nycholas and Alissa allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity?
“There was no reason to kill [Nycholas],” said Shayne’s grandfather Jim Lee Maupin Sr., who traveled to the service from Oklahoma, where the family has its roots in the Peoria Tribe. “He couldn’t have said a word about them. Even if they let him live, he ain’t going to be able to point them out.”
Micki Witzel, Shayne’s great-aunt, was distraught.
“They really need answers to why this even happened,” she said through sobs. “They should never have put that baby back in that house.”
Since the shooting, the Maupins said, they had been confronted by Alissa’s family. Some of Alissa’s relatives who live in Alturas appeared at the park where the Maupins were gathered on what would have been Nycholas’ first birthday. It was March 1, and the solemn balloon release was disrupted by revving engines and spinning tires, according to Gensel.
It left her questioning how Alissa ended up in Goshen in the first place.
“I would have did anything for her if [Child Welfare Services] or the courts asked us if she could stay with us,” Gensel told KQED after the funeral. “We would have opened our arms and our doors to her. We would have gave her [the] life that she wanted and needed.”
‘She didn’t want to be there’
Alturas is the seat of Modoc County in the northeastern corner of the state. Bordering Oregon and Nevada, Modoc is one of the state’s least populated counties.
At over 4,000 feet above sea level, Alturas and its desert brush and grazing livestock are covered by a fine snow in winter. Deer meander into yards with pristine views of the snow-capped Warner Mountains. “Where the West Still Lives” is the Alturas motto.
At Antonio’s Cucina Italiana, where Shayne once worked, a funeral program was tacked to a bulletin board. A former co-worker recalled Shayne frequently on the phone in the evenings talking about getting custody of Nycholas.
It was in this town of 2,700 people that Shayne and Alissa met. They were introduced by Shayne’s younger brother. Shayne, who declined to be interviewed for this story, was 15 and Alissa had just turned 14.
The day after the funeral, Gensel fondly recalled memories of Alissa.
“She liked to play. She liked to dress up Shayne,” Gensel, a traveling certified nursing assistant, said of the girl she described as bright and shy. “They’d go to the park to walk. [They’d] have little snacks to take with them.”
The memories flooded back to Gensel, 44, who spoke to KQED at a lodge near her home: Alissa and Shayne jumping on the trampoline in the snow, and Alissa nibbling on snacks “like a little bird” because she was too shy to eat in front of the family.
Alissa’s adolescence was marked by repeated shuffles among family members in Alturas and the Central Valley, 500 miles away. Police records reviewed by KQED show she had trouble at school: In October 2020, she and another female student fought. Alissa punched the other student several times, according to an incident report.
“She had a sassy attitude. Her mom told me that I wouldn’t be able to handle her,” Gensel said.
Alissa learned she was pregnant in the summer of 2021. Soon after, she moved to Tulare County to live with her father’s family, Gensel said. Exactly why remains unclear.
According to Gensel, Alissa’s mother, Shyla Pina, told her that the juvenile court system required Alissa to live with her grandparents after she spent time in juvenile detention for fighting with her younger sister while holding another sibling. But Gensel believes Pina, an Alturas resident, chose to send Alissa away after learning about the pregnancy.
“She never wanted to go down there,” Gensel said. “That was her first words — ‘I don’t want to leave, I don’t want to go.’”
Pina declined to be interviewed. When reached on Facebook, she ignored a reporter’s question seeking clarity about how Alissa came to live in Goshen with her grandparents. Instead, she wrote: “My daughter is very smart and loving yes she had her ups and down[s] with everything that has happened to her.”
Attempts to reach other family members were unsuccessful.
Juvenile courts do send minors to live with family members in other counties in certain situations — for example, the court determining a minor is a danger to their family, or a minor’s living situation is unsafe, Modoc County Chief Probation Officer Stephen Svetich said.
“If we find that they need to be placed out of home, they could be placed anywhere else in the state,” Svetich said in a phone interview.
Alissa had lived in Tulare County as a child. Documents obtained by KQED reveal that in September 2017, a Tulare County court issued a protective order barring contact between Alissa and her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz.
On Sept. 6, 2017, a police officer responding to a report of suspected child abuse at Freedom Elementary School in Farmersville, a small town east of Visalia, was told an 11-year-old female student in the sixth grade had come to school with scratches on her face.
The student, identified in an arrest report only by her initials, “AP,” told police she lived with her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz, in nearby Woodlake. She said she had lived in a house that was frequently shot at, and that she was used to getting down on the floor and crawling to the back rooms.
“She did not know if her father was a gang member, and said he likes the color blue, has a tattoo on the back of his head with ‘CFM,’ and tattoos of a 1 and a 3 on each hand forming a 13,” an officer wrote in the report.
The color blue and tattoos with the number 13 are common Sureño identifiers. The Sureños — or Southerners — are a network of street gangs that pledge loyalty to the Mexican Mafia.
According to the report, “AP” said she saw her grandfather and father get arrested. She detailed physical abuse, including having her head slammed against a wall, being shoved into a closet and having chili rubbed in her mouth and eyes. She also told police she didn’t feel safe at home and hadn’t seen her mother in three years. Police and social workers immediately removed the student and her siblings from their father’s home.
Court records show Alissa’s father told police five months later he was a “Southerner” and a member of CFM, short for Crazy F—’ Mexicans.
In 2019, Martin Eulojio Parraz was sentenced to almost 18 years in prison for child abuse, and charges stemming from his role in a gas station robbery. That same year, according to a Tulare County court judgment, Pina was granted custody of Alissa and her siblings; they moved to Alturas.
But Alissa was back in the Visalia area, living with her father’s side of the family, within about two years. Once again in Tulare County, she posted TikTok videos of herself lip-synching songs in a bedroom and choreographing dance moves with her cousin in a backyard.
Shayne used the money he earned working at Antonio’s to buy bus tickets and pay for taxis so he could visit Alissa, and later Nycholas. Sometimes his parents drove him the 500 miles.
Alissa’s grandfather didn’t approve of her relationship with Shayne, and limited the time she could spend with him when he visited, Gensel said. According to Gensel, during one of the first visits, he verbally attacked Shayne because he was wearing the red hoodie he shared with Alissa, the one he later wore to her funeral.
Gensel said there was also tension between the families because she gave Alissa birth control.
“She always asked me to kidnap her or take her home with us,” Gensel said. “She didn’t want to be there.”
On one visit, they circled the block while Alissa waved from the driveway.
“She was scared to leave the yard,” Gensel said. “She was scared her grandfather was going to see her.”
But Alissa’s aunt, Christina Castro, said Alissa had a special relationship with her grandfather.
“She had the cutest way she would say ‘graanpaa,’” said Castro, the mother of Marcos Parraz, who was also killed in the shooting. “She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.”
Three days after Nycholas was born, Tulare County Child Welfare Services placed him in foster care. Boudreaux later told reporters Alissa wasn’t able to provide sufficient care. Alissa was allowed monthly, supervised visits until she was granted full custody on Jan. 13, he said.
The Maupins said they wanted Nycholas to live with them half of the time in Modoc County, but attorneys for Nycholas and Alissa believed nine hours in a car every two weeks would be inappropriate for an infant. Gensel recalled the drive back to Modoc County after the hearing as “sickening, quiet, long.” In the car, the Maupins talked about how they planned to return to Tulare County the following week for their first overnight visit with Nycholas.
“But they were killed before we got that chance,” she said.
In Alissa’s last TikTok post on Jan. 14, the words, “Who would sit at your grave the longest?” appeared on the screen, followed by photos of Nycholas.
On the morning of Jan. 16, Shayne went to the lodge near the Maupins’ home where he could use the Wi-Fi, and tried calling Alissa. At the same time, a relative of Alissa’s came to the Maupins’ home and informed Shayne’s parents of the shooting. Gensel drove to the lodge and told Shayne to stop dialing.
There was no one on the other end.
“For him to look at me and say, ‘Why, Mom?’ — to have to tell him his family was murdered, to watch his soul walk out of him — hurt so bad,” she said.
According to police records and Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ritchie, in the weeks leading up to the shooting, sheriff’s deputies and a parole officer had been to the house at least four times looking for Parraz, who had an active parole warrant. He was arrested hours after the mass shooting.
On Feb. 16, Parraz was indicted on federal charges of possession and intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin and being a felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition.
‘We’re all lost’
The Maupins live in a mobile home park on the edge of a reservoir about 15 minutes outside of Alturas. Aside from the lake, the nearby lodge and a few ranches, the neighborhood is surrounded by desert grass and open sky.
On a day in late February, snow flurries fell on cars parked in the driveway.
Inside, the Maupins had set up an altar in the corner of their living room. A poster showed photos of Alissa and Nycholas, and a guardian angel candle had been placed next to an urn decorated with an image of trees in the fall. There was also a homemade Father’s Day card.
Days earlier, Alissa’s family members had shown up at a house where Shayne was hanging out with a friend, Gensel said. After Alissa’s and Nycholas’ deaths, Shayne had been given half of their ashes, and Alissa’s family members were demanding his half. Shayne didn’t go outside.
Alissa’s relatives didn’t attend the funeral that Gensel organized at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas. Gensel streamed the service on Facebook for family and others who couldn’t attend. The photo slideshow had a technical glitch and had to be restarted.
“I wish Alissas’s family could have been here today. But they’re not. It hurts,” Gensel said onstage.
Shayne asked Gensel to keep the flowers from the funeral alive.
“He barely eats,” Gensel said. “He’s just lost. We’re all lost.”
On a recent afternoon, Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Gensel and their daughter stood where Alissa’s and Nycholas’ bodies were found. They cleared some of the dried grass and adjusted a small, leaning wooden cross so it stood upright. They added an Easter sign, photos and purple, blue, red and white artificial flowers next to the votive candles and bouquets that had dried in the sun.
New cellophane balloons tied to the cross bobbed in the wind.
“Everyone that knew what was going on in that house is at fault because we all could have came together and fought for them,” Gensel said. “But we all failed them. Just not the system, but all of us.”
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Cecil Williams, the beloved social justice activist and longtime pastor of San Francisco’s Glide Memorial Church, died Monday at the age of 94.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams is best known for his stewardship of the Tenderloin neighborhood church that he became pastor of in 1963 and helped develop into a world-renowned congregation and social service nonprofit. As its leader, Williams built and oversaw multiple community outreach programs that have offered crucial support to hundreds of thousands of impoverished residents in the city over the last six decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chief among those initiatives is the Free Meals Program. Launched in 1980, the program provides three free hot meals a day to anyone in need, dishing out hundreds of thousands of meals each year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willliams also became known for his welcoming approach to the LGBT community and his unflinching support of civil rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One very special thing about Cecil was that he met everyone where they were — literally and spiritually,” said Oakland resident Ernestine Nettles, who has volunteered at Glide for over 50 years, and first met Williams when she was a child. “If you couldn’t make it to the church to get a Thanksgiving meal, volunteers packed them up and brought them out to the streets, handing them out to everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nettles noted that Williams “embodied the spirit of Christianity” in not passing judgment and loving people as they are. She said he treated everyone as equals, no matter their race, age, background, economic status, sexuality, past, or present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is a true example of not only a Christian, but an American,” said Nettles, recalling how Williams championed a range of local and national social justice causes, and even once came to her Oakland high school to help her campaign to allow girls to wear pants. “He was a drum major for justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"cecil-williams\"]The grandson of a slave, Albert Cecil Williams was born Sept. 22, 1929, and raised in the segregated West Texas town of San Angelo. He was one of six children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After moving to San Francisco, Williams helped revive Glide with Janice Mirikitani, who later became his wife. Mirikitani \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11883109/janice-mirikitani-glide-co-founder-and-sf-poet-laureate-dies\">died in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the addition of a chorus and a band, Williams’ church soon began hosting spirited, celebratory Sunday services that attracted a diverse swath of parishioners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although he retired as the church’s pastor in 2000, he retained his roles as the Minister of Liberation and CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://www.glide.org/\">the GLIDE Foundation\u003c/a> — organization that now has a more than $20 million budget and thousands of members — until last year, when \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/rev-cecil-williams-glide-steps-down-17799046.php\">he officially stepped down\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randy Shaw, the director of the Tenderloin Housing Clinic, who wrote a book on the history of the neighborhood, said Williams’ leadership of the church was transformative. Many people, he said, don’t realize that when Williams was hired to lead Glide, the congregation was almost down to the single digits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He chose a remarkably unsurprising strategy to rebuild the congregation. He decided to be a fierce advocate for social justice and civil rights. And most controversial for the time, he became an outspoken advocate for lesbian and gay and transgender rights” at a time when San Francisco Police were arresting gay and lesbian people for being in bars, Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In turning Glide into a major deliverer of social services, Williams became a prolific fundraiser and powerful booster, garnering the support of celebrities and major influencers, the likes of Oprah Winfrey, Bill Clinton, Bono and Warren Buffet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cecil was able to make financial connections to donors that no one else in the Tenderloin, and maybe even in San Francisco, could make,” he said. “He was the fiery minister who was urging people to get involved in stuff and fighting for justice and not mincing words about things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Mayor London Breed called Williams “the conscience of our San Francisco community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He spoke out against injustice and he spoke for the marginalized,” she said. “He led with compassion and wisdom, always putting the people first and never relenting in his pursuit of justice and equality. His kindness brought people together and his vision changed our City and the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breed also noted how Williams championed the idea of supportive housing and “wraparound” services for those in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a young girl, I would never have dreamed I’d grow up to work with him,” she said. “We all benefited from his guidance, his support, and his moral compass. We would not be who we are as a city and a people without the legendary Cecil Williams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from KQED’s Matthew Green, Alex Gonzalez, and Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Williams became pastor of Glide in 1963, where he helped build and oversee multiple community outreach programs and social service initiatives that have provided crucial support to hundreds of thousands of impoverished residents in the city over the last 6 decades.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713978737,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":818},"headData":{"title":"Cecil Williams, Legendary Pastor of Glide Church, Dies at 94 | KQED","description":"Williams became pastor of Glide in 1963, where he helped build and oversee multiple community outreach programs and social service initiatives that have provided crucial support to hundreds of thousands of impoverished residents in the city over the last 6 decades.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Cecil Williams, Legendary Pastor of Glide Church, Dies at 94","datePublished":"2024-04-23T01:52:17.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-24T17:12:17.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983768/cecil-williams-legendary-pastor-of-glide-church-dies-at-94","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Rev. Cecil Williams, the beloved social justice activist and longtime pastor of San Francisco’s Glide Memorial Church, died Monday at the age of 94.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams is best known for his stewardship of the Tenderloin neighborhood church that he became pastor of in 1963 and helped develop into a world-renowned congregation and social service nonprofit. As its leader, Williams built and oversaw multiple community outreach programs that have offered crucial support to hundreds of thousands of impoverished residents in the city over the last six decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chief among those initiatives is the Free Meals Program. Launched in 1980, the program provides three free hot meals a day to anyone in need, dishing out hundreds of thousands of meals each year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Willliams also became known for his welcoming approach to the LGBT community and his unflinching support of civil rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One very special thing about Cecil was that he met everyone where they were — literally and spiritually,” said Oakland resident Ernestine Nettles, who has volunteered at Glide for over 50 years, and first met Williams when she was a child. “If you couldn’t make it to the church to get a Thanksgiving meal, volunteers packed them up and brought them out to the streets, handing them out to everyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nettles noted that Williams “embodied the spirit of Christianity” in not passing judgment and loving people as they are. She said he treated everyone as equals, no matter their race, age, background, economic status, sexuality, past, or present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is a true example of not only a Christian, but an American,” said Nettles, recalling how Williams championed a range of local and national social justice causes, and even once came to her Oakland high school to help her campaign to allow girls to wear pants. “He was a drum major for justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"cecil-williams"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The grandson of a slave, Albert Cecil Williams was born Sept. 22, 1929, and raised in the segregated West Texas town of San Angelo. He was one of six children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After moving to San Francisco, Williams helped revive Glide with Janice Mirikitani, who later became his wife. Mirikitani \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11883109/janice-mirikitani-glide-co-founder-and-sf-poet-laureate-dies\">died in 2021\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the addition of a chorus and a band, Williams’ church soon began hosting spirited, celebratory Sunday services that attracted a diverse swath of parishioners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although he retired as the church’s pastor in 2000, he retained his roles as the Minister of Liberation and CEO of \u003ca href=\"https://www.glide.org/\">the GLIDE Foundation\u003c/a> — organization that now has a more than $20 million budget and thousands of members — until last year, when \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/sf/article/rev-cecil-williams-glide-steps-down-17799046.php\">he officially stepped down\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randy Shaw, the director of the Tenderloin Housing Clinic, who wrote a book on the history of the neighborhood, said Williams’ leadership of the church was transformative. Many people, he said, don’t realize that when Williams was hired to lead Glide, the congregation was almost down to the single digits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He chose a remarkably unsurprising strategy to rebuild the congregation. He decided to be a fierce advocate for social justice and civil rights. And most controversial for the time, he became an outspoken advocate for lesbian and gay and transgender rights” at a time when San Francisco Police were arresting gay and lesbian people for being in bars, Shaw said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In turning Glide into a major deliverer of social services, Williams became a prolific fundraiser and powerful booster, garnering the support of celebrities and major influencers, the likes of Oprah Winfrey, Bill Clinton, Bono and Warren Buffet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cecil was able to make financial connections to donors that no one else in the Tenderloin, and maybe even in San Francisco, could make,” he said. “He was the fiery minister who was urging people to get involved in stuff and fighting for justice and not mincing words about things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Mayor London Breed called Williams “the conscience of our San Francisco community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He spoke out against injustice and he spoke for the marginalized,” she said. “He led with compassion and wisdom, always putting the people first and never relenting in his pursuit of justice and equality. His kindness brought people together and his vision changed our City and the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breed also noted how Williams championed the idea of supportive housing and “wraparound” services for those in need.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a young girl, I would never have dreamed I’d grow up to work with him,” she said. “We all benefited from his guidance, his support, and his moral compass. We would not be who we are as a city and a people without the legendary Cecil Williams.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from KQED’s Matthew Green, Alex Gonzalez, and Bay City News.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983768/cecil-williams-legendary-pastor-of-glide-church-dies-at-94","authors":["237"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_29728","news_33981","news_856","news_3181"],"featImg":"news_11983781","label":"news"},"news_11983846":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983846","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983846","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"state-prisons-offset-new-inmate-wage-hikes-by-cutting-hours-for-some-workers","title":"State Prisons Offset New Inmate Wage Hikes by Cutting Hours for Some Workers","publishDate":1713909559,"format":"standard","headTitle":"State Prisons Offset New Inmate Wage Hikes by Cutting Hours for Some Workers | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>California prison officials recently boosted wages for tens of thousands of incarcerated workers. Most, however, will still make less than $1 per hour, and many may not see an increase in total earnings because their hours will be cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pay rates now generally range from $0.16 to $0.74 per hour, depending on skill levels, double the previous decades-old rate, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/regulations/wp-content/uploads/sites/171/2024/04/Inmate-Pay_Approval.pdf\">new regulations\u003c/a> that went into effect on April 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase is intended to incentivize incarcerated people to take jobs for their own rehabilitation, said the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, which also eliminated all unpaid job assignments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“New wages will also help workers meet restitution payments for crime victims and save more money in preparation for release,” Tessa Outhyse, a CDCR spokesperson, said in a statement. “In addition to a paycheck, work assignments build technical and social skills, instill accountability and responsibility, and prepare incarcerated people for careers after release.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 39,000 incarcerated people have job assignments in state prisons, doing everything from construction and maintenance to custodial and food services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 1,200 incarcerated firefighters, who are on a separate pay scale, will also now make anywhere from $5.80 to $10.24 a day, a significant increase over the previous daily range of $2.90 to $5.13. Cal Fire also pays an additional $1 per hour for crews battling active fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"more on California prisons\" tag=\"cdcr\"]However, an overall pay increase may not materialize for many incarcerated workers. Outhyse confirmed that as CDCR boosts wages, it also plans to reduce up to three-quarters of its full-time job offerings to half-time — although it said it is “not conducting a wholesale reduction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CDCR is exploring the introduction of some flexibility in this area to accommodate institution budget requirements as well as the possibility of increasing inmates’ flexibility to participate in rehabilitative program assignments,” the agency wrote in response to public comment concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prisoner rights advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967728/california-prison-officials-aim-to-raise-hourly-minimum-wage-to-at-least-16-cents\">pushed for a much higher pay increase\u003c/a>, one closer to California’s minimum wage of $16 an hour, without reductions in full-time jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacob Hutt, an attorney with the Prison Law Office, said the new wages are not setting up people in custody to succeed when released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By paying people a slave wage right now, they are all but ensuring that people are going to end up in poverty once they leave custody,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, CDCR often \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/family-resources/send-money/\">deducts up to 55%\u003c/a> of an incarcerated workers’ wages for administrative costs and restitution fees for crime victims, Hutt added, further reducing their net pay and ability to purchase canteen items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when you don’t consider the fact that so many of these workers are actually not going to receive any pay increase because they’re being forced from full-time to half-time, the minimum pay raise is just so ridiculously low,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Starting this month, pay rates will now generally range from $0.16 to $0.74 per hour, double the previous decades-old rate. But many full-time jobs will be cut to half-time.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713910120,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":503},"headData":{"title":"State Prisons Offset New Inmate Wage Hikes by Cutting Hours for Some Workers | KQED","description":"Starting this month, pay rates will now generally range from $0.16 to $0.74 per hour, double the previous decades-old rate. But many full-time jobs will be cut to half-time.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"State Prisons Offset New Inmate Wage Hikes by Cutting Hours for Some Workers","datePublished":"2024-04-23T21:59:19.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-23T22:08:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"WpOldSlug":"state-prisons-offset-new-inmate-wage-hikes-by-cutting-hours-for-workers","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983846/state-prisons-offset-new-inmate-wage-hikes-by-cutting-hours-for-some-workers","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California prison officials recently boosted wages for tens of thousands of incarcerated workers. Most, however, will still make less than $1 per hour, and many may not see an increase in total earnings because their hours will be cut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pay rates now generally range from $0.16 to $0.74 per hour, depending on skill levels, double the previous decades-old rate, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/regulations/wp-content/uploads/sites/171/2024/04/Inmate-Pay_Approval.pdf\">new regulations\u003c/a> that went into effect on April 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase is intended to incentivize incarcerated people to take jobs for their own rehabilitation, said the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, which also eliminated all unpaid job assignments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“New wages will also help workers meet restitution payments for crime victims and save more money in preparation for release,” Tessa Outhyse, a CDCR spokesperson, said in a statement. “In addition to a paycheck, work assignments build technical and social skills, instill accountability and responsibility, and prepare incarcerated people for careers after release.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nearly 39,000 incarcerated people have job assignments in state prisons, doing everything from construction and maintenance to custodial and food services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 1,200 incarcerated firefighters, who are on a separate pay scale, will also now make anywhere from $5.80 to $10.24 a day, a significant increase over the previous daily range of $2.90 to $5.13. Cal Fire also pays an additional $1 per hour for crews battling active fires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"more on California prisons ","tag":"cdcr"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>However, an overall pay increase may not materialize for many incarcerated workers. Outhyse confirmed that as CDCR boosts wages, it also plans to reduce up to three-quarters of its full-time job offerings to half-time — although it said it is “not conducting a wholesale reduction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“CDCR is exploring the introduction of some flexibility in this area to accommodate institution budget requirements as well as the possibility of increasing inmates’ flexibility to participate in rehabilitative program assignments,” the agency wrote in response to public comment concerns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prisoner rights advocates \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11967728/california-prison-officials-aim-to-raise-hourly-minimum-wage-to-at-least-16-cents\">pushed for a much higher pay increase\u003c/a>, one closer to California’s minimum wage of $16 an hour, without reductions in full-time jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jacob Hutt, an attorney with the Prison Law Office, said the new wages are not setting up people in custody to succeed when released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By paying people a slave wage right now, they are all but ensuring that people are going to end up in poverty once they leave custody,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, CDCR often \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/family-resources/send-money/\">deducts up to 55%\u003c/a> of an incarcerated workers’ wages for administrative costs and restitution fees for crime victims, Hutt added, further reducing their net pay and ability to purchase canteen items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even when you don’t consider the fact that so many of these workers are actually not going to receive any pay increase because they’re being forced from full-time to half-time, the minimum pay raise is just so ridiculously low,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983846/state-prisons-offset-new-inmate-wage-hikes-by-cutting-hours-for-some-workers","authors":["8659"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_26658","news_616","news_1629","news_17725","news_27626"],"featImg":"news_11983401","label":"news"},"news_11983705":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983705","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983705","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"allegations-of-prosecutorial-bias-spark-review-of-death-penalty-convictions-in-alameda-county","title":"Allegations of Prosecutorial Bias Spark Review of Death Penalty Convictions in Alameda County","publishDate":1713820161,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Allegations of Prosecutorial Bias Spark Review of Death Penalty Convictions in Alameda County | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney Pamela Price announced Monday that a federal judge has directed her office to review all death penalty convictions for signs of prosecutorial misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The directive from Judge Vince Chhabria of the U.S. District Court of Northern California comes after evidence indicating Alameda County prosecutors may have excluded Black and Jewish jurors was found in the case of Ernest Dykes, who sits on death row.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discovery of notes highlighting the race and ethnicity of potential jurors in Dykes’ case has led to the latest allegation that prosecutors systematically prevented Black and Jewish residents from serving on death penalty juries in the 1980s and 1990s. The rejection was based on the belief that Black and Jewish jurors were more likely to oppose the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These notes — especially when considered in conjunction with evidence presented in other cases — constitutes strong evidence that, in prior decades, prosecutors from the [Alameda County District Attorney’s office] were engaged in a pattern of serious misconduct, automatically excluding Jewish and African American jurors in death penalty cases,” Judge Chhabria, who will oversee Alameda County’s review, wrote in a Monday court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The misconduct allegations in the county were the subject of a state Supreme Court hearing in 2005. State and federal law bars prosecutors from removing jurors based on race or ethnicity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983717\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983717\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of a court document.\" width=\"600\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1.png 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1-160x145.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. District Court Judge Vince Chhabria lifted his order barring the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office from disclosing records of alleged prosecutorial misconduct in death penalty cases on April 22. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the U.S. District Court of Northern California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Judge Chhabria is very much aware the District Court has reversed a number of convictions based on similar evidence,” Price said. “For too long, prosecutors have not been held to a high standard and have not had accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dykes was convicted in 1995 for the murder of 9-year-old Lance Clark and the attempted murder of his grandmother, Bernice Clark, during a robbery at an East Oakland apartment complex. An appeal of his sentence is currently before Judge Chhabria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to data from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, there are currently 37 people on death row who were convicted in Alameda County, including Dykes. Price’s office told KQED it is reviewing 35 cases. The review could lead to resentencing or retrials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 873px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713819445665.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11983714 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956.png\" alt=\"A screenshot image of a handwritten note.\" width=\"873\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956.png 873w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956-800x478.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956-160x96.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 873px) 100vw, 873px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Alameda County District Attorney says the recently discovered 1995 prosecutor’s voir dire notes show a disdain for Black women and a belief they won’t vote for a death sentence. No Black women were selected as jurors in the 1995 trial. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alameda County District Attorney)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Price said one of her deputies found handwritten notes about potential jurors while reviewing Dykes’ case file at the request of Judge Chhabria. Price’s office shared some of these notes with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one example concerning a Black female juror, an unnamed prosecutor wrote, “Says race is no issue, but I don’t believe her.” Another note described a different Black female juror as “short, fat, troll,” and that she “seemed put out my Q’s about the D/P — tried to avoid giving direct answer [sic] a lot of ‘I don’t knows’ — don’t believe she could vote D/P.” The unnamed prosecutor, apparently, used “Q’s” as an abbreviation for questions and “D/P” for the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983715\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 684px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983715\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"684\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM.png 684w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM-160x119.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deputy district attorney in Alameda County found notes from a 1995 trial that show prosecutors highlighting a prospective juror’s Jewish identity. No Jewish jurors were selected to serve as jurors in the trial. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alameda County District Attorney)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other notes appear to document whether the author believed prospective jurors were Jewish, writing at the top of a juror questionnaire, “Jew? Yes.” In notes about another juror, “Banker. Jew?” is followed by “Nice guy — thoughtful but never a strong DP leader — Jewish background.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colton Carmine, a former deputy district attorney, was the lead prosecutor in Dykes’ trial. Carmine was assisted in jury selection by former Deputy District Attorney Morris Jacobson, now an Alameda County Superior Court judge. According to Price, it is not clear if the handwriting in the case file belongs to Carmine, Jacobson or someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No Black or Jewish jurors heard Dykes’ case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmine could not be reached for comment. Jacobson did not immediately respond to KQED’s request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The notes appear to indicate a disdain for Black women,” Price said. “The fact that they were singled out in the way in which they are in the notes, and ways that other jurors were not, is very telling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense attorneys for Dykes, who is at the California Health Care Facility, a state prison for incarcerated patients with protracted medical needs, hope the review creates an opportunity to unearth and address a decadeslong problem.[aside postID=\"news_11980987,news_11983091\" label=\"Related Stories\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been there for 20 years, and it keeps coming up in cases,” said Brian Pomerantz, who represents Dykes as well as two other people on death row after being convicted in Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A review of 26 juries conducted by defense attorney Lawrence Gibbs, in conjunction with attorneys for Habeas Corpus Resource Center, found that in death penalty cases between 1984 and 1994, Alameda prosecutors removed every single juror who identified themselves as Jewish and nearly 90% of jurors with apparent Jewish surnames as long as they still had peremptory strikes available to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidence of systematic removal of Black female and Jewish jurors has led to at least three people convicted in Alameda County being resentenced and is at issue in at least three pending Alameda death penalty appeals, including Dykes’. The allegation was the focus of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-may-19-me-jewish19-story.html\">2005 state Supreme Court hearing\u003c/a> in which Carmine testified that prosecutors were trained to exclude Jewish jurors. The Supreme Court rejected misconduct claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This should not be the legacy of this office,” Price told KQED. “The prosecutors who participated in this practice — if we determine that they did, in fact, have this practice — undermined the conviction integrity of every one of these cases, and now the victims, the witnesses, and the defendants have to bear the brunt of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review began a month ago. Price said her office has begun outreach to the survivors and victims of crimes that resulted in death penalty sentences. Her office also created a hotline for people with questions about the review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s outrageous. When you have this kind of misconduct, it impacts them first and foremost because they have been misled,” Price said. “We have to be mindful of the impact that this has on them, and address their needs as well as balancing the right of every defendant to a fair trial.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Gov. Gavin Newsom declared a moratorium on death sentences. Earlier this month, Santa Clara District Attorney Jeff Rosen announced he would \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-04-04/santa-clara-county-da-death-penalty-cases\">resentence all 15 people with death row convictions in the county\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In statewide referendums in 2012 and 2016, approximately 60% of Alameda County residents voted in favor of ending the state’s death penalty. The propositions failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, a group of legal advocates led by the Office of the State Public Defender \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/california-death-penalty-lawsuit-19392576.php\">asked the state Supreme Court\u003c/a> to “bar the prosecution, imposition and execution of death sentences” because the death penalty is disproportionately applied to people of color in California. According to \u003ca href=\"https://statecourtreport.org/sites/default/files/2024-04/california-state-public-defender-petition-for-stays-of-execution.pdf\">their court filings\u003c/a>, Black defendants are roughly nine times more likely to be sentenced to death than defendants of all other races, in part because of the exclusion of people of color from juries, they argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.clrc.ca.gov/CRPC/Pub/Reports/CRPC_DPR.pdf\">2021 report\u003c/a> by the Committee on the Revision of the Penal Code found that between 2010-2020 Alameda juries sent three people to death row. All three are Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price said her office plans to review each case separately. The review may be expanded to include other types of convictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will follow the string or the trail wherever it leads,” Price told KQED. “We will not cover this up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The Alameda County District Attorney created a hotline for victims and survivors impacted by death penalty cases. The office can be reached by phone at 510-208-9555 or by email at shawn.mitchell@acgov.org.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The discovery of notes highlighting the race and ethnicity of potential jurors led to the latest allegation that prosecutors prevented Black and Jewish residents from serving on death penalty juries.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713900376,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1447},"headData":{"title":"Allegations of Prosecutorial Bias Spark Review of Death Penalty Convictions in Alameda County | KQED","description":"The discovery of notes highlighting the race and ethnicity of potential jurors led to the latest allegation that prosecutors prevented Black and Jewish residents from serving on death penalty juries.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Allegations of Prosecutorial Bias Spark Review of Death Penalty Convictions in Alameda County","datePublished":"2024-04-22T21:09:21.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-23T19:26:16.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983705/allegations-of-prosecutorial-bias-spark-review-of-death-penalty-convictions-in-alameda-county","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Alameda County District Attorney Pamela Price announced Monday that a federal judge has directed her office to review all death penalty convictions for signs of prosecutorial misconduct.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The directive from Judge Vince Chhabria of the U.S. District Court of Northern California comes after evidence indicating Alameda County prosecutors may have excluded Black and Jewish jurors was found in the case of Ernest Dykes, who sits on death row.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discovery of notes highlighting the race and ethnicity of potential jurors in Dykes’ case has led to the latest allegation that prosecutors systematically prevented Black and Jewish residents from serving on death penalty juries in the 1980s and 1990s. The rejection was based on the belief that Black and Jewish jurors were more likely to oppose the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These notes — especially when considered in conjunction with evidence presented in other cases — constitutes strong evidence that, in prior decades, prosecutors from the [Alameda County District Attorney’s office] were engaged in a pattern of serious misconduct, automatically excluding Jewish and African American jurors in death penalty cases,” Judge Chhabria, who will oversee Alameda County’s review, wrote in a Monday court order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The misconduct allegations in the county were the subject of a state Supreme Court hearing in 2005. State and federal law bars prosecutors from removing jurors based on race or ethnicity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983717\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983717\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1.png\" alt=\"A screenshot of a court document.\" width=\"600\" height=\"545\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1.png 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/image-4-1-160x145.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. District Court Judge Vince Chhabria lifted his order barring the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office from disclosing records of alleged prosecutorial misconduct in death penalty cases on April 22. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the U.S. District Court of Northern California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Judge Chhabria is very much aware the District Court has reversed a number of convictions based on similar evidence,” Price said. “For too long, prosecutors have not been held to a high standard and have not had accountability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dykes was convicted in 1995 for the murder of 9-year-old Lance Clark and the attempted murder of his grandmother, Bernice Clark, during a robbery at an East Oakland apartment complex. An appeal of his sentence is currently before Judge Chhabria.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to data from the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, there are currently 37 people on death row who were convicted in Alameda County, including Dykes. Price’s office told KQED it is reviewing 35 cases. The review could lead to resentencing or retrials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983714\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 873px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713819445665.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11983714 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956.png\" alt=\"A screenshot image of a handwritten note.\" width=\"873\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956.png 873w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956-800x478.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.55.58-PM-e1713820027956-160x96.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 873px) 100vw, 873px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Alameda County District Attorney says the recently discovered 1995 prosecutor’s voir dire notes show a disdain for Black women and a belief they won’t vote for a death sentence. No Black women were selected as jurors in the 1995 trial. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alameda County District Attorney)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Price said one of her deputies found handwritten notes about potential jurors while reviewing Dykes’ case file at the request of Judge Chhabria. Price’s office shared some of these notes with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one example concerning a Black female juror, an unnamed prosecutor wrote, “Says race is no issue, but I don’t believe her.” Another note described a different Black female juror as “short, fat, troll,” and that she “seemed put out my Q’s about the D/P — tried to avoid giving direct answer [sic] a lot of ‘I don’t knows’ — don’t believe she could vote D/P.” The unnamed prosecutor, apparently, used “Q’s” as an abbreviation for questions and “D/P” for the death penalty.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983715\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 684px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983715\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"684\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM.png 684w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/Screenshot-2024-04-22-at-1.56.13-PM-160x119.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 684px) 100vw, 684px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deputy district attorney in Alameda County found notes from a 1995 trial that show prosecutors highlighting a prospective juror’s Jewish identity. No Jewish jurors were selected to serve as jurors in the trial. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Alameda County District Attorney)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Other notes appear to document whether the author believed prospective jurors were Jewish, writing at the top of a juror questionnaire, “Jew? Yes.” In notes about another juror, “Banker. Jew?” is followed by “Nice guy — thoughtful but never a strong DP leader — Jewish background.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colton Carmine, a former deputy district attorney, was the lead prosecutor in Dykes’ trial. Carmine was assisted in jury selection by former Deputy District Attorney Morris Jacobson, now an Alameda County Superior Court judge. According to Price, it is not clear if the handwriting in the case file belongs to Carmine, Jacobson or someone else.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No Black or Jewish jurors heard Dykes’ case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmine could not be reached for comment. Jacobson did not immediately respond to KQED’s request for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The notes appear to indicate a disdain for Black women,” Price said. “The fact that they were singled out in the way in which they are in the notes, and ways that other jurors were not, is very telling.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defense attorneys for Dykes, who is at the California Health Care Facility, a state prison for incarcerated patients with protracted medical needs, hope the review creates an opportunity to unearth and address a decadeslong problem.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11980987,news_11983091","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This has been there for 20 years, and it keeps coming up in cases,” said Brian Pomerantz, who represents Dykes as well as two other people on death row after being convicted in Alameda County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A review of 26 juries conducted by defense attorney Lawrence Gibbs, in conjunction with attorneys for Habeas Corpus Resource Center, found that in death penalty cases between 1984 and 1994, Alameda prosecutors removed every single juror who identified themselves as Jewish and nearly 90% of jurors with apparent Jewish surnames as long as they still had peremptory strikes available to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidence of systematic removal of Black female and Jewish jurors has led to at least three people convicted in Alameda County being resentenced and is at issue in at least three pending Alameda death penalty appeals, including Dykes’. The allegation was the focus of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2006-may-19-me-jewish19-story.html\">2005 state Supreme Court hearing\u003c/a> in which Carmine testified that prosecutors were trained to exclude Jewish jurors. The Supreme Court rejected misconduct claims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This should not be the legacy of this office,” Price told KQED. “The prosecutors who participated in this practice — if we determine that they did, in fact, have this practice — undermined the conviction integrity of every one of these cases, and now the victims, the witnesses, and the defendants have to bear the brunt of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The review began a month ago. Price said her office has begun outreach to the survivors and victims of crimes that resulted in death penalty sentences. Her office also created a hotline for people with questions about the review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s outrageous. When you have this kind of misconduct, it impacts them first and foremost because they have been misled,” Price said. “We have to be mindful of the impact that this has on them, and address their needs as well as balancing the right of every defendant to a fair trial.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Gov. Gavin Newsom declared a moratorium on death sentences. Earlier this month, Santa Clara District Attorney Jeff Rosen announced he would \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2024-04-04/santa-clara-county-da-death-penalty-cases\">resentence all 15 people with death row convictions in the county\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In statewide referendums in 2012 and 2016, approximately 60% of Alameda County residents voted in favor of ending the state’s death penalty. The propositions failed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, a group of legal advocates led by the Office of the State Public Defender \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/politics/article/california-death-penalty-lawsuit-19392576.php\">asked the state Supreme Court\u003c/a> to “bar the prosecution, imposition and execution of death sentences” because the death penalty is disproportionately applied to people of color in California. According to \u003ca href=\"https://statecourtreport.org/sites/default/files/2024-04/california-state-public-defender-petition-for-stays-of-execution.pdf\">their court filings\u003c/a>, Black defendants are roughly nine times more likely to be sentenced to death than defendants of all other races, in part because of the exclusion of people of color from juries, they argued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca href=\"http://www.clrc.ca.gov/CRPC/Pub/Reports/CRPC_DPR.pdf\">2021 report\u003c/a> by the Committee on the Revision of the Penal Code found that between 2010-2020 Alameda juries sent three people to death row. All three are Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Price said her office plans to review each case separately. The review may be expanded to include other types of convictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will follow the string or the trail wherever it leads,” Price told KQED. “We will not cover this up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>The Alameda County District Attorney created a hotline for victims and survivors impacted by death penalty cases. The office can be reached by phone at 510-208-9555 or by email at shawn.mitchell@acgov.org.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983705/allegations-of-prosecutorial-bias-spark-review-of-death-penalty-convictions-in-alameda-county","authors":["11772"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_21126","news_23318","news_18282","news_27626","news_20310","news_24461","news_25944"],"featImg":"news_11983711","label":"news"},"news_11983498":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983498","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983498","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"oak-name-change","title":"Why Renaming Oakland's Airport Is a Big Deal","publishDate":1713780047,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Why Renaming Oakland’s Airport Is a Big Deal | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland officials are moving ahead with a plan to rename the city’s airport \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to “San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Residents, business groups, and airlines all have a lot to say about it, and San Francisco has also filed a lawsuit to try and stop the renaming from happening. The Oaklandside’s Eli Wolfe joins us to talk about why the name change feels existential. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Editor’s note: Oakland International Airport is a financial supporter of KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6241795424&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay. Local news to keep you rooted. Oakland plans to change Oakland International airports name to the San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport. The Port of Oakland, which owns the airport, wants more travelers to see Oakland as a main travel hub when they come to the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>This isn’t just a rebrand. This is really trying to make a play to make Oakland more relevant, both in the Bay, but I mean around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>But there are a bunch of reasons why different groups are not down for this change. And last Thursday, San Francisco sued to try and stop the renaming from happening. Today, the Oakland side’s Eli Wolfe: explains why renaming o k is existential. Quick note before we start. The Port of Oakland is a financial supporter of KQED. Financial supporters have no input on new stories about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>So this discussion has been going on at least since last summer. The airport put out a survey to residents in the East Bay, basically trying to gauge their comfort level with a name change that would better reflect the airport’s proximity to the San Francisco Bay. But they didn’t really give much of a hint as to what the specific name would look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>That only really came out a couple weeks ago, when the port announced that it was going to be meeting to give preliminary approval to a new name change, with San Francisco at the head of the title to the San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport. Unless something changes in the next couple of weeks, that is going to likely be the name for Oakland Airport going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, why change the name at all? Like, what is the problem? The Port Commission is trying to solve by changing the name of the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>So the problem basically boils down to this. The port claims that people just don’t know where Oakland is located. That people don’t realize that Oakland is very close to San Francisco, which is where a lot of fliers want to go. The port is tried for many years to play up Oakland’s proximity to San Francisco and the rest of the Bay and its marketing, but it hasn’t really worked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>And you can see that with the flights from 2008 to 2024, the port attracted 54 new direct flight routes, but lost 45. So the port officials basically say this is an indicator that when people are traveling to San Francisco, Oakland International just doesn’t really show up as an option for them. And so carriers have less incentive to fly into Oakland. The port ‘s executive director, Danny Wan, has actually called that the Achilles heel of the airport’s marketing strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danny Wan: \u003c/strong>As much as we’ve done, we brought these new destinations come to Oakland and yet we lose them because partly because of a lack of geographic identification. This is to accurately bring Oakland and okay to the forefront of where we are on the San Francisco Bay. Instead of being the background of the Bay area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>The supporters mainly consist of obviously the Port Commission and the airport, but also the airlines that use Oakland are very enthusiastic about this. They think it’s going to allow them to do more business here. You also see a lot of support from East Bay tourism and business associations. They have every incentive to want more people to fly to Oakland, because those people are more likely to spend their dollars in Oakland and other cities in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>And obviously, the Port Commissioners themselves are very enthusiastic about this, and they claim that there’s widespread support among Oakland residents and East Bay residents. There were a couple surveys that the port released that found that most respondents that they talked to were comfortable with the idea of a name change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danny Wan: \u003c/strong>And so this is about being pro Oakland, bringing that necessary flights and people to Oakland as well as the East Bay Bay region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Coming up, the arguments against the renaming and why the most vocal opponents are suing over it. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What about the opposition?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>There’s a few different groups. First off, San Francisco does not like this. Airport officials have said that this is going to confuse passengers, especially people who don’t read or speak English. They kind of have painted scenarios where people might fly into Oakland thinking that they are landing in San Francisco. And one of the other opponents of the name change is San Mateo County, which of course actually is the place where SFO is located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>San Francisco tourism and business associations also really not big fans of this. There are also local communities that are not fans of this. The Oakland NAACP has come out against this, saying that, you know, this is erasure of Oakland’s history and culture. Local environmental groups are also not fans of this, because this will theoretically lead to more air travel to Oakland, which means more air pollution that will impact communities in East Oakland, especially, that have been disproportionately affected by air pollution and other environmental issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>There’s a coalition of about 75 environmental groups called Stop Oak Expansion. They are focused on the name change, partly because they don’t want to see more passengers coming into Oakland, but also because they feel like this sort of exposes that the airport is trying to justify a big expansion project that has been planned for a couple of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Going back to in San Francisco. Are they basically concerned that okay is trying to steal its thunder?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>Yeah. And the city of San Francisco is prepared to take some drastic steps here. They they actually sued the city. The city’s argument is basically that by putting San Francisco in Oakland Airport’s title, they are infringing on the trademark of San Francisco’s airport. They do cite, I think, one example in the suit of a case where the new name for Oakland Airport has already showed up for an international carrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>What they keep talking about is the idea that this is going to be misleading or confusing to people. But as you know, people have pointed out, I mean, there’s a lot of cities around the world that have multiple airports that have similar names. I think London has something like, I don’t know, 5 or 6 different airports that all start with London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>So people question whether there’s actually really going to be confusion there. And I think that some folks believe that what’s actually happening is this will make Oakland potentially more competitive to San Francisco. So airport officials in San Francisco and business leaders, they have a real market incentive to not see this go through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What responses have you heard from readers, especially in Oakland, about the name change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>People are mixed on it. Some folks have taken kind of a practical stance, sort of like aligning with the port, saying this is necessary. They also were citing the fact that Oakland is facing a massive budget deficit this year again. They really want to see tourism dollars flow through the region so that the city can afford to pay for services that people rely on. But, you know, people also are upset about this. And harkening back to what I was mentioning earlier about what the Oakland NAACP has said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>They see it as erasure of the city. Some folks. On Reddit, you saw that there were a number of folks who are not fans of this idea and were asking, why can’t you do something like a headline that says Oakland San Francisco Airport or Oakland Golden Gate International? Why not highlight something unique to Oakland that is eye catching, like call it E-40 international? I don’t know if that would ever really fly with the port, but people are bringing up interesting ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>How likely do you think the name change is actually going to go through?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>I think it’s likely the Port commissioners voted unanimously in approval of this. If you listen back to the, April 11th meeting where they granted preliminary approval, the commissioners were unanimous in their support, and they were incredibly enthusiastic about it. Almost all of them shared stories about how convenient it is to travel through Oakland Airport, and how much they hate having to fly through San Francisco Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>They did allow this sort of several week period where they’re going to continue collecting feedback from members of the community, or at least receiving feedback if anyone wants to contact them. But I would say that the safe bet is that they are going to approve this name change, even with the pending lawsuit in front of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I know you asked the Port of Oakland for comment on that lawsuit, and their response was pretty interesting. They they wrote to you in part, quote, we will vigorously defend our right to claim our spot on the San Francisco Bay. We are standing up for Oakland and our East Bay community. I mean, kind of dramatic, I got to say like a pretty strong response. I’m curious what you make of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>Yeah. I mean, I think that this is really for them. This is a big step for not just Oakland but the East Bay. I should note Oakland relies heavily on business travel and that hasn’t recovered since the pandemic. So they really need something to work out here where they will get more travel coming through here. This isn’t just a rebrand. This is really trying to make a play to make Oakland more relevant, both in the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>But I mean around the world. They are quite literally trying to put Oakland on the map in a way that makes it relevant to people, makes it attractive to people. So the stakes are really high here, even though this boils down to a name change, which I think some people think might feel a little silly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, I thank you so much for chatting with us about this and for taking the time. I really appreciate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>Yeah. Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Eli Wolfe, City Hall reporter for the Oaklandside. This 18 minute conversation with Eli was cut down and edited by producer Maria Esquinca. I scored this episode and added all the tape. Our senior editor is Alan Montecillo. Music courtesy of Universal Production Music and First Call Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>The Bay is a listener supported production of KQED Public Media in San Francisco. You can support our work by becoming a KQED Sustaining Member, which you can do by going to KQED.org/Donate. And I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra. Thanks so much for listening. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In this episode of The Bay, we talk about the controversial effort to rename Oakland's airport.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713905553,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":40,"wordCount":2071},"headData":{"title":"Why Renaming Oakland's Airport Is a Big Deal | KQED","description":"In this episode of The Bay, we talk about the controversial effort to rename Oakland's airport.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Why Renaming Oakland's Airport Is a Big Deal","datePublished":"2024-04-22T10:00:47.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-23T20:52:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The Bay","audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC6241795424.mp3?updated=1713557365","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983498/oak-name-change","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp class=\"p1\">\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">\u003ci>View the full episode transcript.\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Oakland officials are moving ahead with a plan to rename the city’s airport \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">to “San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Residents, business groups, and airlines all have a lot to say about it, and San Francisco has also filed a lawsuit to try and stop the renaming from happening. The Oaklandside’s Eli Wolfe joins us to talk about why the name change feels existential. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Editor’s note: Oakland International Airport is a financial supporter of KQED. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"card card--enclosed grey\">\n\u003cp id=\"embed-code\" class=\"inconsolata\">\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6241795424&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\n\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra, and welcome to the Bay. Local news to keep you rooted. Oakland plans to change Oakland International airports name to the San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport. The Port of Oakland, which owns the airport, wants more travelers to see Oakland as a main travel hub when they come to the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>This isn’t just a rebrand. This is really trying to make a play to make Oakland more relevant, both in the Bay, but I mean around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>But there are a bunch of reasons why different groups are not down for this change. And last Thursday, San Francisco sued to try and stop the renaming from happening. Today, the Oakland side’s Eli Wolfe: explains why renaming o k is existential. Quick note before we start. The Port of Oakland is a financial supporter of KQED. Financial supporters have no input on new stories about them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>So this discussion has been going on at least since last summer. The airport put out a survey to residents in the East Bay, basically trying to gauge their comfort level with a name change that would better reflect the airport’s proximity to the San Francisco Bay. But they didn’t really give much of a hint as to what the specific name would look like.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>That only really came out a couple weeks ago, when the port announced that it was going to be meeting to give preliminary approval to a new name change, with San Francisco at the head of the title to the San Francisco Bay Oakland International Airport. Unless something changes in the next couple of weeks, that is going to likely be the name for Oakland Airport going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, why change the name at all? Like, what is the problem? The Port Commission is trying to solve by changing the name of the airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>So the problem basically boils down to this. The port claims that people just don’t know where Oakland is located. That people don’t realize that Oakland is very close to San Francisco, which is where a lot of fliers want to go. The port is tried for many years to play up Oakland’s proximity to San Francisco and the rest of the Bay and its marketing, but it hasn’t really worked out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>And you can see that with the flights from 2008 to 2024, the port attracted 54 new direct flight routes, but lost 45. So the port officials basically say this is an indicator that when people are traveling to San Francisco, Oakland International just doesn’t really show up as an option for them. And so carriers have less incentive to fly into Oakland. The port ‘s executive director, Danny Wan, has actually called that the Achilles heel of the airport’s marketing strategy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danny Wan: \u003c/strong>As much as we’ve done, we brought these new destinations come to Oakland and yet we lose them because partly because of a lack of geographic identification. This is to accurately bring Oakland and okay to the forefront of where we are on the San Francisco Bay. Instead of being the background of the Bay area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>The supporters mainly consist of obviously the Port Commission and the airport, but also the airlines that use Oakland are very enthusiastic about this. They think it’s going to allow them to do more business here. You also see a lot of support from East Bay tourism and business associations. They have every incentive to want more people to fly to Oakland, because those people are more likely to spend their dollars in Oakland and other cities in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>And obviously, the Port Commissioners themselves are very enthusiastic about this, and they claim that there’s widespread support among Oakland residents and East Bay residents. There were a couple surveys that the port released that found that most respondents that they talked to were comfortable with the idea of a name change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Danny Wan: \u003c/strong>And so this is about being pro Oakland, bringing that necessary flights and people to Oakland as well as the East Bay Bay region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Coming up, the arguments against the renaming and why the most vocal opponents are suing over it. Stay with us.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What about the opposition?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>There’s a few different groups. First off, San Francisco does not like this. Airport officials have said that this is going to confuse passengers, especially people who don’t read or speak English. They kind of have painted scenarios where people might fly into Oakland thinking that they are landing in San Francisco. And one of the other opponents of the name change is San Mateo County, which of course actually is the place where SFO is located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>San Francisco tourism and business associations also really not big fans of this. There are also local communities that are not fans of this. The Oakland NAACP has come out against this, saying that, you know, this is erasure of Oakland’s history and culture. Local environmental groups are also not fans of this, because this will theoretically lead to more air travel to Oakland, which means more air pollution that will impact communities in East Oakland, especially, that have been disproportionately affected by air pollution and other environmental issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>There’s a coalition of about 75 environmental groups called Stop Oak Expansion. They are focused on the name change, partly because they don’t want to see more passengers coming into Oakland, but also because they feel like this sort of exposes that the airport is trying to justify a big expansion project that has been planned for a couple of years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Going back to in San Francisco. Are they basically concerned that okay is trying to steal its thunder?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>Yeah. And the city of San Francisco is prepared to take some drastic steps here. They they actually sued the city. The city’s argument is basically that by putting San Francisco in Oakland Airport’s title, they are infringing on the trademark of San Francisco’s airport. They do cite, I think, one example in the suit of a case where the new name for Oakland Airport has already showed up for an international carrier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>What they keep talking about is the idea that this is going to be misleading or confusing to people. But as you know, people have pointed out, I mean, there’s a lot of cities around the world that have multiple airports that have similar names. I think London has something like, I don’t know, 5 or 6 different airports that all start with London.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>So people question whether there’s actually really going to be confusion there. And I think that some folks believe that what’s actually happening is this will make Oakland potentially more competitive to San Francisco. So airport officials in San Francisco and business leaders, they have a real market incentive to not see this go through.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>What responses have you heard from readers, especially in Oakland, about the name change?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>People are mixed on it. Some folks have taken kind of a practical stance, sort of like aligning with the port, saying this is necessary. They also were citing the fact that Oakland is facing a massive budget deficit this year again. They really want to see tourism dollars flow through the region so that the city can afford to pay for services that people rely on. But, you know, people also are upset about this. And harkening back to what I was mentioning earlier about what the Oakland NAACP has said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>They see it as erasure of the city. Some folks. On Reddit, you saw that there were a number of folks who are not fans of this idea and were asking, why can’t you do something like a headline that says Oakland San Francisco Airport or Oakland Golden Gate International? Why not highlight something unique to Oakland that is eye catching, like call it E-40 international? I don’t know if that would ever really fly with the port, but people are bringing up interesting ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>How likely do you think the name change is actually going to go through?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>I think it’s likely the Port commissioners voted unanimously in approval of this. If you listen back to the, April 11th meeting where they granted preliminary approval, the commissioners were unanimous in their support, and they were incredibly enthusiastic about it. Almost all of them shared stories about how convenient it is to travel through Oakland Airport, and how much they hate having to fly through San Francisco Airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>They did allow this sort of several week period where they’re going to continue collecting feedback from members of the community, or at least receiving feedback if anyone wants to contact them. But I would say that the safe bet is that they are going to approve this name change, even with the pending lawsuit in front of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Yeah, I know you asked the Port of Oakland for comment on that lawsuit, and their response was pretty interesting. They they wrote to you in part, quote, we will vigorously defend our right to claim our spot on the San Francisco Bay. We are standing up for Oakland and our East Bay community. I mean, kind of dramatic, I got to say like a pretty strong response. I’m curious what you make of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>Yeah. I mean, I think that this is really for them. This is a big step for not just Oakland but the East Bay. I should note Oakland relies heavily on business travel and that hasn’t recovered since the pandemic. So they really need something to work out here where they will get more travel coming through here. This isn’t just a rebrand. This is really trying to make a play to make Oakland more relevant, both in the Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>But I mean around the world. They are quite literally trying to put Oakland on the map in a way that makes it relevant to people, makes it attractive to people. So the stakes are really high here, even though this boils down to a name change, which I think some people think might feel a little silly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>Well, I thank you so much for chatting with us about this and for taking the time. I really appreciate it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eli Wolfe: \u003c/strong>Yeah. Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>That was Eli Wolfe, City Hall reporter for the Oaklandside. This 18 minute conversation with Eli was cut down and edited by producer Maria Esquinca. I scored this episode and added all the tape. Our senior editor is Alan Montecillo. Music courtesy of Universal Production Music and First Call Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/strong>The Bay is a listener supported production of KQED Public Media in San Francisco. You can support our work by becoming a KQED Sustaining Member, which you can do by going to KQED.org/Donate. And I’m Ericka Cruz Guevarra. Thanks so much for listening. Talk to you next time.\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983498/oak-name-change","authors":["8654","11802","11649"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_33812","news_33915","news_22598"],"featImg":"news_11982792","label":"source_news_11983498"},"news_11983752":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983752","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983752","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"nurses-warn-patient-safety-at-risk-as-ai-use-spreads-in-health-care","title":"Nurses Warn Patient Safety at Risk as AI Use Spreads in Health Care","publishDate":1713832725,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Nurses Warn Patient Safety at Risk as AI Use Spreads in Health Care | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>As the use of artificial intelligence proliferates in the health care industry, Bay Area unionized nurses call for greater transparency and say in how the technologies are deployed to minimize risks to patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a protest on Monday outside of Kaiser Permanente’s San Francisco Medical Center, many in the estimated crowd of about 200 members of the California Nurses Association held red signs that read “Patients are not algorithms” and “Trust nurses, not AI.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All health care corporations need to make sure that the technology is tested, it’s valid, and it’s not harmful to patients,” said Michelle Gutierrez Vo, a president at CNA, representing 24,000 nurses at Kaiser Permanente. “And before they deploy it, they need to sit down with nurses so that the nurses can review and make sure it’s congruent with patient safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983730\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983730\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing sun glasses and a red shirt holds a microphone in front of people while she stands behind a podium with a red sign in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michelle Gutierrez Vo, a registered nurse at Kaiser Permanente Medical Center in Fremont and a California Nurses Association president, speaks during a rally alongside fellow nurses from across California at Kaiser Permanente on Geary Blvd in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, to advocate for patient safety in the face of artificial intelligence technology. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez Vo and other nurses worry that without proper oversight and accountability, health care employers will use AI to replace nurses and other medical professionals for profit, to the detriment of patient care. The nurses are calling for health care organizations to hit pause on the rollout of new AI technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes as state and federal regulators race to catch up with the explosive growth of generative AI tools, which experts say also have great potential to improve health care delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11976097,news_11980719,news_11982218\" label=\"Related Stories\"]Kaiser Permanente, one of the largest employers in San Francisco, Alameda and other Bay Area counties, has been an early adopter of AI. Company officials \u003ca href=\"https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/news/fostering-responsible-ai-in-health-care\">have said\u003c/a> they rigorously test the tools they use for safety, accuracy and equity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our physicians and care teams are always at the center of decision-making with our patients,” a Kaiser Permanente statement said in response to a KQED request for comment. “We believe that AI may be able to help our physicians and employees and enhance our members’ experience. As an organization dedicated to inclusiveness and health equity, we ensure the results from AI tools are correct and unbiased; AI does not replace human assessment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One program in use at 21 Kaiser hospitals in Northern California is the Advance Alert Monitor, which analyzes electronic health data to notify a nursing team when a patient’s health is at risk of serious decline. The program saves about 500 lives per year, according to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983733\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983733\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-scaled.jpg\" alt='Many people dressed in scrubs hold red signs that say \"Trust Nurses Not AI\" in the street.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nurses from across California rally at Kaiser Permanente on Geary Blvd in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, to advocate for patient safety in the face of artificial intelligence technology. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Gutierrez Vo said nurses have flagged problems with the tool, such as producing inaccurate alarms or failing to detect all patients whose health is quickly deteriorating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s just so much buzz right now that this is the future of health care. These health care corporations are using this as a shortcut, as a way to handle patient load. And we’re saying ‘No. You cannot do that without making sure these systems are safe,’” said Gutierrez Vo, a nurse with 25 years of experience at the company’s Fremont Adult Family Medicine clinic. “Our patients are not lab rats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has authorized some AI-generated services before they go to market, but mostly \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2023/10/28/ai-doctors-healthcare-regulation-00124051\">without the comprehensive data\u003c/a> required for new medicines. Last fall, President Joe Biden issued an \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">executive order\u003c/a> on the safe use of AI, which includes a directive to develop policies for AI-enabled technologies in health services that promote “the welfare of patients and workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very good to have open discussions because the technology is moving at such a fast pace, and everyone is at a different level of understanding of what it can do and [what] it is,” said Dr. Ashish Atreja, Chief Information and Digital Health Officer at UC Davis Health. “Many health systems and organizations do have guardrails in place, but perhaps they haven’t been shared that widely. That’s why there’s a knowledge gap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983727\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing sun glasses and a red shirt stands in a crowd with red signs in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandra Larkin listens to speakers alongside fellow nurses from across California during a rally at Kaiser Permanente on Geary Blvd in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, to advocate for patient safety in the face of artificial intelligence technology. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Davis Health is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/uc-davis-health-and-leading-health-systems-launch-valid-ai/2023/10\">collaboration\u003c/a> with other health systems to implement generative and other types of AI with what Atreja referred to as “intentionality” to support their workforce and improve patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this mission that no patient, no clinician, no researcher, no employee gets left behind in getting advantage from the latest technologies,” Atreja said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Robert Pearl, a lecturer at the Stanford Graduate Business School and a former CEO of The Permanente Medical Group (Kaiser Permanente), told KQED he agreed with the nurses’ concerns about the use of AI at their workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Generative AI is a threatening technology but also a positive one. What is the best for the patient? That has to be the number one concern,” said Pearl, author of “ChatGPT, MD: How AI-Empowered Patients & Doctors Can Take Back Control of American Medicine,” which he said he co-wrote with the AI system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m optimistic about what it can do for patients,” he said. “I often tell people that generative AI is like the iPhone. It’s not going away.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"At a protest in San Francisco, nurses say health care employers must ensure the artificial intelligence tools they use do not harm patients.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713834971,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":1003},"headData":{"title":"Nurses Warn Patient Safety at Risk as AI Use Spreads in Health Care | KQED","description":"At a protest in San Francisco, nurses say health care employers must ensure the artificial intelligence tools they use do not harm patients.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Nurses Warn Patient Safety at Risk as AI Use Spreads in Health Care","datePublished":"2024-04-23T00:38:45.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-23T01:16:11.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983752/nurses-warn-patient-safety-at-risk-as-ai-use-spreads-in-health-care","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the use of artificial intelligence proliferates in the health care industry, Bay Area unionized nurses call for greater transparency and say in how the technologies are deployed to minimize risks to patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a protest on Monday outside of Kaiser Permanente’s San Francisco Medical Center, many in the estimated crowd of about 200 members of the California Nurses Association held red signs that read “Patients are not algorithms” and “Trust nurses, not AI.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All health care corporations need to make sure that the technology is tested, it’s valid, and it’s not harmful to patients,” said Michelle Gutierrez Vo, a president at CNA, representing 24,000 nurses at Kaiser Permanente. “And before they deploy it, they need to sit down with nurses so that the nurses can review and make sure it’s congruent with patient safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983730\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983730\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing sun glasses and a red shirt holds a microphone in front of people while she stands behind a podium with a red sign in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-33-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michelle Gutierrez Vo, a registered nurse at Kaiser Permanente Medical Center in Fremont and a California Nurses Association president, speaks during a rally alongside fellow nurses from across California at Kaiser Permanente on Geary Blvd in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, to advocate for patient safety in the face of artificial intelligence technology. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gutierrez Vo and other nurses worry that without proper oversight and accountability, health care employers will use AI to replace nurses and other medical professionals for profit, to the detriment of patient care. The nurses are calling for health care organizations to hit pause on the rollout of new AI technologies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This comes as state and federal regulators race to catch up with the explosive growth of generative AI tools, which experts say also have great potential to improve health care delivery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11976097,news_11980719,news_11982218","label":"Related Stories "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Kaiser Permanente, one of the largest employers in San Francisco, Alameda and other Bay Area counties, has been an early adopter of AI. Company officials \u003ca href=\"https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/news/fostering-responsible-ai-in-health-care\">have said\u003c/a> they rigorously test the tools they use for safety, accuracy and equity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our physicians and care teams are always at the center of decision-making with our patients,” a Kaiser Permanente statement said in response to a KQED request for comment. “We believe that AI may be able to help our physicians and employees and enhance our members’ experience. As an organization dedicated to inclusiveness and health equity, we ensure the results from AI tools are correct and unbiased; AI does not replace human assessment.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One program in use at 21 Kaiser hospitals in Northern California is the Advance Alert Monitor, which analyzes electronic health data to notify a nursing team when a patient’s health is at risk of serious decline. The program saves about 500 lives per year, according to the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983733\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983733\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-scaled.jpg\" alt='Many people dressed in scrubs hold red signs that say \"Trust Nurses Not AI\" in the street.' width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-02-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nurses from across California rally at Kaiser Permanente on Geary Blvd in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, to advocate for patient safety in the face of artificial intelligence technology. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But Gutierrez Vo said nurses have flagged problems with the tool, such as producing inaccurate alarms or failing to detect all patients whose health is quickly deteriorating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s just so much buzz right now that this is the future of health care. These health care corporations are using this as a shortcut, as a way to handle patient load. And we’re saying ‘No. You cannot do that without making sure these systems are safe,’” said Gutierrez Vo, a nurse with 25 years of experience at the company’s Fremont Adult Family Medicine clinic. “Our patients are not lab rats.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has authorized some AI-generated services before they go to market, but mostly \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2023/10/28/ai-doctors-healthcare-regulation-00124051\">without the comprehensive data\u003c/a> required for new medicines. Last fall, President Joe Biden issued an \u003ca class=\"c-link\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" data-stringify-link=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefing-room/presidential-actions/2023/10/30/executive-order-on-the-safe-secure-and-trustworthy-development-and-use-of-artificial-intelligence/\" data-sk=\"tooltip_parent\">executive order\u003c/a> on the safe use of AI, which includes a directive to develop policies for AI-enabled technologies in health services that promote “the welfare of patients and workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very good to have open discussions because the technology is moving at such a fast pace, and everyone is at a different level of understanding of what it can do and [what] it is,” said Dr. Ashish Atreja, Chief Information and Digital Health Officer at UC Davis Health. “Many health systems and organizations do have guardrails in place, but perhaps they haven’t been shared that widely. That’s why there’s a knowledge gap.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983727\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-scaled.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983727\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing sun glasses and a red shirt stands in a crowd with red signs in the background.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/240422-NursesAI-19-BL-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandra Larkin listens to speakers alongside fellow nurses from across California during a rally at Kaiser Permanente on Geary Blvd in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, to advocate for patient safety in the face of artificial intelligence technology. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>UC Davis Health is part of a \u003ca href=\"https://health.ucdavis.edu/news/headlines/uc-davis-health-and-leading-health-systems-launch-valid-ai/2023/10\">collaboration\u003c/a> with other health systems to implement generative and other types of AI with what Atreja referred to as “intentionality” to support their workforce and improve patient care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have this mission that no patient, no clinician, no researcher, no employee gets left behind in getting advantage from the latest technologies,” Atreja said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dr. Robert Pearl, a lecturer at the Stanford Graduate Business School and a former CEO of The Permanente Medical Group (Kaiser Permanente), told KQED he agreed with the nurses’ concerns about the use of AI at their workplace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Generative AI is a threatening technology but also a positive one. What is the best for the patient? That has to be the number one concern,” said Pearl, author of “ChatGPT, MD: How AI-Empowered Patients & Doctors Can Take Back Control of American Medicine,” which he said he co-wrote with the AI system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m optimistic about what it can do for patients,” he said. “I often tell people that generative AI is like the iPhone. It’s not going away.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983752/nurses-warn-patient-safety-at-risk-as-ai-use-spreads-in-health-care","authors":["8659"],"categories":["news_457","news_8","news_248"],"tags":["news_2114","news_28642","news_27626","news_18659","news_421","news_28963","news_30933"],"featImg":"news_11983729","label":"news"},"news_11983671":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983671","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983671","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sf-democratic-partys-support-of-unlimited-housing-could-pressure-mayoral-candidates","title":"SF Democratic Party’s Support of Unlimited Housing Could Pressure Mayoral Candidates","publishDate":1713816005,"format":"standard","headTitle":"SF Democratic Party’s Support of Unlimited Housing Could Pressure Mayoral Candidates | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The San Francisco Democratic Party put itself on record backing the building of unrestricted market-rate housing after a Friday night vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy may push candidates running for mayor and the Board of Supervisors to modify their positions on housing if they want the backing of the Democratic County Central Committee or DCCC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most elections, the DCCC sends mailers to voters with its official stamp of approval for candidates, which can sway a segment of voters. The candidates appearing on party mailers this November will likely have pro-market rate housing views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Chen, a member of the DCCC and co-author of its housing policy, told KQED he hopes candidates heed the party’s new direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are many candidates who are still movable, who have issue priorities that are not necessarily housing,” Chen said. “This is a chance for candidates to take feedback from the party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Catch up fast: \u003c/strong>Most of the two dozen moderate Democrats who ran for the DCCC won in the March primary, flipping the board from its previous progressive majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new housing policy embraces the platform of San Francisco YIMBY, an advocacy group that said building market-rate developments as quickly as possible will help bring down rental prices. Progressive Democrats said market-rate construction is akin to luxury housing that most people can’t afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor London Breed is a vocal supporter of YIMBY policies. The DCCC’s new approach to housing may benefit her when she seeks the party’s endorsement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11983682\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-1020x768.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-2048x1542.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-1920x1446.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democrats on the Democratic County Central Committee at their first meeting since the March primary on April 19. From left to right, Michael Lai, Cedric Akbar, Mike Chen, Lily Ho, Trevor Chandler, Matt Dorsey, Nancy Tung and Marjan Philhour. \u003ccite>(Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who loses out: \u003c/strong>Some DCCC members may now think twice before backing the mayoral candidacy of Mark Farrell, a former mayor and supervisor. Farrell rankled pro-housing Democrats last month when he said he doesn’t believe San Francisco “needs to upzone every neighborhood” in an \u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2024/03/mark-farrells-common-sense/?utm_campaign=SF+Standard+Power+Play&utm_content=p-text&utm_medium=email&utm_source=SF+Standard\">interview with Joe Eskenazi\u003c/a>, Mission Local’s managing editor and columnist, on stage at Manny’s. Upzoning is the process cities use to grant taller housing to be built in an area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other mayoral candidates, like Board of Supervisors President Aaron Peskin, who talks about protecting the character of neighborhoods from the construction of tall housing, and Supervisor Ahsha Safai, are unlikely to gain the party’s backing. Safaí lacks the allies on the board to gain an endorsement. It’s unclear if Daniel Lurie, a mayoral candidate and philanthropist, has enough DCCC allies for an endorsement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The opposing view: \u003c/strong>A few progressives remain on the party board, including Peter Gallotta, who successfully got the moderate Democrats to write clauses supporting renters into the new housing policy. “I think it’s important that we reiterate and underscore that our party is also pro-tenant,” Gallotta said. “I do think we need to make sure we’re calling out our support for the protection of rent control in San Francisco, that we support preservation of our existing rent-controlled housing stock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What we’re watching: \u003c/strong>The meeting was the party’s first since moderates flipped the board. The moderates flexed their newfound power by pushing for several new policies. Besides the housing platform, board members voted to approve a resolution backing more police officers for public safety and new bylaws that limit the amount of public comment they’ll listen to in a meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public safety and housing policies have no actual teeth in changing San Francisco’s operations.[aside postID=news_11983000 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/GettyImages-623874284_qut-1020x705.jpg']The moderate Democrats also voted in Nancy Tung as the new party chair. Tung is a career prosecutor in the San Francisco District Attorney’s office who ran for DA in 2019 but lost to Chesa Boudin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The party also passed a resolution backing the labor community. The policy statement angered Kim Tavaglione, the executive director of the San Francisco Labor Council, a powerful group that unites labor unions across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tavaglione said the policy lacks basic elements in the state Democratic Party platform, like endorsing specific training language for the building trades, a living wage recommendation and anti-charter school statements that public school teachers back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t appreciate labor’s voice, we don’t have to play with them,” Tavaglione said. “We’re happy to walk away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tavaglione said she would recommend labor unions withhold resources from the DCCC, which would help progressive Democrats in the November election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The move could prompt mayoral and Board of Supervisors candidates to adjust their housing policies to align with the Democratic County Central Committee's stance for endorsement.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713816155,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":19,"wordCount":810},"headData":{"title":"SF Democratic Party’s Support of Unlimited Housing Could Pressure Mayoral Candidates | KQED","description":"The move could prompt mayoral and Board of Supervisors candidates to adjust their housing policies to align with the Democratic County Central Committee's stance for endorsement.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"SF Democratic Party’s Support of Unlimited Housing Could Pressure Mayoral Candidates","datePublished":"2024-04-22T20:00:05.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-22T20:02:35.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983671/sf-democratic-partys-support-of-unlimited-housing-could-pressure-mayoral-candidates","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The San Francisco Democratic Party put itself on record backing the building of unrestricted market-rate housing after a Friday night vote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy may push candidates running for mayor and the Board of Supervisors to modify their positions on housing if they want the backing of the Democratic County Central Committee or DCCC.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most elections, the DCCC sends mailers to voters with its official stamp of approval for candidates, which can sway a segment of voters. The candidates appearing on party mailers this November will likely have pro-market rate housing views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mike Chen, a member of the DCCC and co-author of its housing policy, told KQED he hopes candidates heed the party’s new direction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are many candidates who are still movable, who have issue priorities that are not necessarily housing,” Chen said. “This is a chance for candidates to take feedback from the party.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Catch up fast: \u003c/strong>Most of the two dozen moderate Democrats who ran for the DCCC won in the March primary, flipping the board from its previous progressive majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new housing policy embraces the platform of San Francisco YIMBY, an advocacy group that said building market-rate developments as quickly as possible will help bring down rental prices. Progressive Democrats said market-rate construction is akin to luxury housing that most people can’t afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mayor London Breed is a vocal supporter of YIMBY policies. The DCCC’s new approach to housing may benefit her when she seeks the party’s endorsement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983682\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11983682\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-1020x768.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-1536x1157.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-2048x1542.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/1000019369-1920x1446.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Democrats on the Democratic County Central Committee at their first meeting since the March primary on April 19. From left to right, Michael Lai, Cedric Akbar, Mike Chen, Lily Ho, Trevor Chandler, Matt Dorsey, Nancy Tung and Marjan Philhour. \u003ccite>(Joe Fitzgerald Rodriguez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who loses out: \u003c/strong>Some DCCC members may now think twice before backing the mayoral candidacy of Mark Farrell, a former mayor and supervisor. Farrell rankled pro-housing Democrats last month when he said he doesn’t believe San Francisco “needs to upzone every neighborhood” in an \u003ca href=\"https://missionlocal.org/2024/03/mark-farrells-common-sense/?utm_campaign=SF+Standard+Power+Play&utm_content=p-text&utm_medium=email&utm_source=SF+Standard\">interview with Joe Eskenazi\u003c/a>, Mission Local’s managing editor and columnist, on stage at Manny’s. Upzoning is the process cities use to grant taller housing to be built in an area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other mayoral candidates, like Board of Supervisors President Aaron Peskin, who talks about protecting the character of neighborhoods from the construction of tall housing, and Supervisor Ahsha Safai, are unlikely to gain the party’s backing. Safaí lacks the allies on the board to gain an endorsement. It’s unclear if Daniel Lurie, a mayoral candidate and philanthropist, has enough DCCC allies for an endorsement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The opposing view: \u003c/strong>A few progressives remain on the party board, including Peter Gallotta, who successfully got the moderate Democrats to write clauses supporting renters into the new housing policy. “I think it’s important that we reiterate and underscore that our party is also pro-tenant,” Gallotta said. “I do think we need to make sure we’re calling out our support for the protection of rent control in San Francisco, that we support preservation of our existing rent-controlled housing stock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What we’re watching: \u003c/strong>The meeting was the party’s first since moderates flipped the board. The moderates flexed their newfound power by pushing for several new policies. Besides the housing platform, board members voted to approve a resolution backing more police officers for public safety and new bylaws that limit the amount of public comment they’ll listen to in a meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The public safety and housing policies have no actual teeth in changing San Francisco’s operations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11983000","hero":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/GettyImages-623874284_qut-1020x705.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The moderate Democrats also voted in Nancy Tung as the new party chair. Tung is a career prosecutor in the San Francisco District Attorney’s office who ran for DA in 2019 but lost to Chesa Boudin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The party also passed a resolution backing the labor community. The policy statement angered Kim Tavaglione, the executive director of the San Francisco Labor Council, a powerful group that unites labor unions across the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tavaglione said the policy lacks basic elements in the state Democratic Party platform, like endorsing specific training language for the building trades, a living wage recommendation and anti-charter school statements that public school teachers back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t appreciate labor’s voice, we don’t have to play with them,” Tavaglione said. “We’re happy to walk away.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tavaglione said she would recommend labor unions withhold resources from the DCCC, which would help progressive Democrats in the November election.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983671/sf-democratic-partys-support-of-unlimited-housing-could-pressure-mayoral-candidates","authors":["11690"],"categories":["news_6266","news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_195","news_18538","news_20251","news_176","news_1775","news_6931","news_22439","news_17968","news_18536","news_38","news_33960"],"featImg":"news_11983678","label":"news"},"news_11983701":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983701","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983701","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sweeps-kill-bay-area-homeless-advocates-weigh-in-on-pivotal-u-s-supreme-court-case","title":"‘Sweeps Kill’: Bay Area Homeless Advocates Weigh in on Pivotal US Supreme Court Case","publishDate":1713820578,"format":"standard","headTitle":"‘Sweeps Kill’: Bay Area Homeless Advocates Weigh in on Pivotal US Supreme Court Case | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Around 100 people marched from San Francisco’s federal building to City Hall on Monday, urging the U.S. Supreme Court to uphold lower court rulings on how cities can respond to homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action came as SCOTUS heard oral arguments in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983492/how-a-pivotal-case-on-homelessness-could-redefine-policies-in-california-and-the-nation\">City of Grants Pass, Oregon v. Gloria Johnson\u003c/a>. The decision — which is expected by the end of June — is likely to impact whether cities around the country can issue fines and jail people for camping on public property if there isn’t a viable shelter alternative available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to stop the illegal pushing and shoving of the homeless,” said LaMonte Ford, who is currently unhoused. “It really hurts to think that your existence is now against the law, so we are all here to assemble against that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"LaMonte Ford, an unhoused resident]‘We’re here to stop the illegal pushing and shoving of the homeless. It really hurts to think that your existence is now against the law, so we are all here to assemble against that.’[/pullquote]Ford previously lived at the Wood Street Commons, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949327/the-end-of-wood-street-inside-the-struggle-for-stability-housing-on-the-margins-of-the-bay-area\">a large encampment in West Oakland\u003c/a> that the city cleared in 2023. He said the community sustained him for years while he could not afford rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt like somebody was ripping my mother away from me,” Ford said of the encampment sweep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all we have. We have to exist in some kind of way,” he added. “Sweeps kill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The High Court is specifically reviewing a lower court’s decision, upheld by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, that bars cities across the Western United States from criminalizing people for sleeping outside if no viable shelter options are available. Doing so, the lower court ruled, would be considered cruel and unusual punishment, violating the Constitution’s Eighth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials from across the political map, from Gov. Gavin Newsom to conservative state political leaders, joined in asking the Supreme Court to take up the case and clarify how much authority local leaders have to clear encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983692\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875.jpeg\" alt=\"A woman wrapped in a head scarf and face mask speaks into a microphone.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Gray-Garcia speaks to a crowd outside the Federal Building in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, in support of the rights of unhoused people. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Styer Martínez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After over two and a half hours of argument, the court appeared divided along ideological lines, but the majority of justices indicated they consider local officials to be better equipped than the courts to take on these matters — a sign they may be leaning toward giving Grants Pass and other cities broader authority to regulate homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the liberal justices were deeply skeptical of the constitutionality of the city’s policies, suggesting that it criminalized people for simply being unhoused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where do we put them? If every city, every village, every town lacks compassion and passes a law identical to this — where are they supposed to sleep? Are they supposed to kill themselves not sleeping?” Justice Sonia Sotomayor asked the attorney representing the city of Grants Pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for the unhoused found reason to be optimistic, pointing out that conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh’s questions indicated that he believes jailing people can’t solve homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every single time a court has heard this question, they’ve agreed that punishing people for sleeping outside when they have nowhere else to go is cruel and unusual,” said Jesse Rabinowitz, a spokesperson for the National Homelessness Law Center. “So, we remain hopeful that the Supreme Court will do the right thing and agree with all of the lower courts’ decisions and affirm that everybody, regardless of housing status, is protected by the Constitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groups like the American Psychiatric Association support that position. In a brief submitted to the court, the medical group wrote, “People with mental illness experiencing homelessness already face various barriers to accessing mental health treatment; incarceration exacerbates these barriers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, opponents of the previous courts’ rulings argue that fines and short jail stints are a reasonable response when someone violates city laws by camping in public spaces.[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"homelessness\"]“Those punishments are neither ‘cruel’ nor ‘unusual’ in any ordinary sense of those words,” attorneys for the city of Grants Pass wrote in a brief. “For centuries, fines and imprisonment have been the default methods of punishing criminal offenses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Newsom and San Francisco Mayor London Breed have taken a more neutral position. They say that local governments shouldn’t criminalize people for being unhoused but also argue that the Ninth Circuit’s ruling goes too far, stymying cities’ ability to clear sidewalks, parks and other public spaces of tents and serious public health hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The courts have tied the hands of state & local government to confront homelessness,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1782403865322901922\">said on X, formerly Twitter, on Monday\u003c/a>. “The Supreme Court has an opportunity to strike a balance that allows officials to enforce reasonable limits on public camping while treating folks with compassion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, city workers must first offer shelter to unhoused people before clearing encampments. If someone is not at an encampment during a sweep, the city must “bag-and-tag” that person’s items to give them a chance to pick them up later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Coalition on Homelessness \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11960279/where-things-stand-in-san-franciscos-legal-battle-over-street-encampments\">sued San Francisco in 2023\u003c/a> for failing to adhere to those rules. That case is still pending, but any further legal action is paused until the Supreme Court rules on the Grant Pass case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We gathered a mountain of evidence,” Jennifer Friedenbach, director of the Coalition on Homelessness, said at Monday’s march. “People are still having their property destroyed and forced to move when they don’t have a place to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Nisha Kashyap of the Lawyers’ Committee of Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area, who’s working on the case against San Francisco, said the litigation will go forward regardless of how the Supreme Court rules on Grants Pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The case against the city of San Francisco is much broader than just the question before the U.S. Supreme Court today,” she said, noting that only one of the 13 claims in the suit involves the Eighth Amendment question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Francisco City Attorney David Chiu took pains to differentiate the city’s approach to homelessness from that of Grants Pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983690\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983690\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873.jpeg\" alt=\"A crowd of people stand in front of a large federal building.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators gather at the Federal Building in San Francisco on Monday in support of unhoused people. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Styer Martínez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Unlike Grants Pass, San Francisco has invested billions of dollars in our compassionate approach to addressing homelessness, and our laws have reasonable time, place, and manner restrictions,” he said. “The justices asked a number of thoughtful questions today. The complexity of their questions underscore the difficult and numerous decisions our city workers have to make on the ground every day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talya Husbands-Hankin, founder of the homeless advocacy organization, Love and Justice in the Streets, called Grants Pass “the most significant case on homelessness in over 40 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very frightening, and it’s another level of taking away rights,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates with her organization are working with about 25 unhoused people living in an encampment at Mosswood Park in Oakland, which the city plans to clear this week. She said that while the city offers shelter options, the offerings are inadequate and not a long-term solution to homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelter that the city is currently offering is not something people can always accept. You can’t take your pets, and it’s short-term,” Husbands-Hankin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in San Francisco — and across California — the number of unhoused people continues to outpace affordable housing inventory and shelter resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, the most recent citywide data available, San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/PIT-Key-Findings-Briefing-Deck-web.pdf\">tallied nearly 4,400 people\u003c/a> without shelter. However, the city lacks enough affordable housing or temporary shelter options to accommodate those who need it. On Monday, 173 people were on the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/services/how-to-get-services/accessing-temporary-shelter/adult-temporary-shelter/shelter-reservation-waitlist/\">online shelter reservation waitlist\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of us feel strongly that mere shelter referrals were inadequate, but it is what the courts ruled, and now even this Eighth Amendment protection is threatened,” said Paul Boden, executive director of the Western Regional Advocacy Project. “We should be talking about housing — not shelter — when it comes to addressing mass contemporary homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The protest came as the High Court on Monday heard oral arguments in the City of Grants Pass, Oregon v. Gloria Johnson, a decision that could impact whether cities around the country can remove and punish people for camping on public property if viable shelter options are unavailable.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713825210,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":33,"wordCount":1467},"headData":{"title":"‘Sweeps Kill’: Bay Area Homeless Advocates Weigh in on Pivotal US Supreme Court Case | KQED","description":"The protest came as the High Court on Monday heard oral arguments in the City of Grants Pass, Oregon v. Gloria Johnson, a decision that could impact whether cities around the country can remove and punish people for camping on public property if viable shelter options are unavailable.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"‘Sweeps Kill’: Bay Area Homeless Advocates Weigh in on Pivotal US Supreme Court Case","datePublished":"2024-04-22T21:16:18.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-22T22:33:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983701/sweeps-kill-bay-area-homeless-advocates-weigh-in-on-pivotal-u-s-supreme-court-case","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Around 100 people marched from San Francisco’s federal building to City Hall on Monday, urging the U.S. Supreme Court to uphold lower court rulings on how cities can respond to homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The action came as SCOTUS heard oral arguments in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11983492/how-a-pivotal-case-on-homelessness-could-redefine-policies-in-california-and-the-nation\">City of Grants Pass, Oregon v. Gloria Johnson\u003c/a>. The decision — which is expected by the end of June — is likely to impact whether cities around the country can issue fines and jail people for camping on public property if there isn’t a viable shelter alternative available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re here to stop the illegal pushing and shoving of the homeless,” said LaMonte Ford, who is currently unhoused. “It really hurts to think that your existence is now against the law, so we are all here to assemble against that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘We’re here to stop the illegal pushing and shoving of the homeless. It really hurts to think that your existence is now against the law, so we are all here to assemble against that.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"align":"right","size":"medium","label":"citation=\"LaMonte Ford, an unhoused resident"},"numeric":["citation=\"LaMonte","Ford,","an","unhoused","resident"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ford previously lived at the Wood Street Commons, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11949327/the-end-of-wood-street-inside-the-struggle-for-stability-housing-on-the-margins-of-the-bay-area\">a large encampment in West Oakland\u003c/a> that the city cleared in 2023. He said the community sustained him for years while he could not afford rent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt like somebody was ripping my mother away from me,” Ford said of the encampment sweep.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all we have. We have to exist in some kind of way,” he added. “Sweeps kill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The High Court is specifically reviewing a lower court’s decision, upheld by the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, that bars cities across the Western United States from criminalizing people for sleeping outside if no viable shelter options are available. Doing so, the lower court ruled, would be considered cruel and unusual punishment, violating the Constitution’s Eighth Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials from across the political map, from Gov. Gavin Newsom to conservative state political leaders, joined in asking the Supreme Court to take up the case and clarify how much authority local leaders have to clear encampments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983692\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875.jpeg\" alt=\"A woman wrapped in a head scarf and face mask speaks into a microphone.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7875-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lisa Gray-Garcia speaks to a crowd outside the Federal Building in San Francisco on April 22, 2024, in support of the rights of unhoused people. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Styer Martínez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After over two and a half hours of argument, the court appeared divided along ideological lines, but the majority of justices indicated they consider local officials to be better equipped than the courts to take on these matters — a sign they may be leaning toward giving Grants Pass and other cities broader authority to regulate homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the liberal justices were deeply skeptical of the constitutionality of the city’s policies, suggesting that it criminalized people for simply being unhoused.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where do we put them? If every city, every village, every town lacks compassion and passes a law identical to this — where are they supposed to sleep? Are they supposed to kill themselves not sleeping?” Justice Sonia Sotomayor asked the attorney representing the city of Grants Pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates for the unhoused found reason to be optimistic, pointing out that conservative Justice Brett Kavanaugh’s questions indicated that he believes jailing people can’t solve homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every single time a court has heard this question, they’ve agreed that punishing people for sleeping outside when they have nowhere else to go is cruel and unusual,” said Jesse Rabinowitz, a spokesperson for the National Homelessness Law Center. “So, we remain hopeful that the Supreme Court will do the right thing and agree with all of the lower courts’ decisions and affirm that everybody, regardless of housing status, is protected by the Constitution.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groups like the American Psychiatric Association support that position. In a brief submitted to the court, the medical group wrote, “People with mental illness experiencing homelessness already face various barriers to accessing mental health treatment; incarceration exacerbates these barriers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, opponents of the previous courts’ rulings argue that fines and short jail stints are a reasonable response when someone violates city laws by camping in public spaces.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"related coverage ","tag":"homelessness"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Those punishments are neither ‘cruel’ nor ‘unusual’ in any ordinary sense of those words,” attorneys for the city of Grants Pass wrote in a brief. “For centuries, fines and imprisonment have been the default methods of punishing criminal offenses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Newsom and San Francisco Mayor London Breed have taken a more neutral position. They say that local governments shouldn’t criminalize people for being unhoused but also argue that the Ninth Circuit’s ruling goes too far, stymying cities’ ability to clear sidewalks, parks and other public spaces of tents and serious public health hazards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The courts have tied the hands of state & local government to confront homelessness,” Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CAgovernor/status/1782403865322901922\">said on X, formerly Twitter, on Monday\u003c/a>. “The Supreme Court has an opportunity to strike a balance that allows officials to enforce reasonable limits on public camping while treating folks with compassion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, city workers must first offer shelter to unhoused people before clearing encampments. If someone is not at an encampment during a sweep, the city must “bag-and-tag” that person’s items to give them a chance to pick them up later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Coalition on Homelessness \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11960279/where-things-stand-in-san-franciscos-legal-battle-over-street-encampments\">sued San Francisco in 2023\u003c/a> for failing to adhere to those rules. That case is still pending, but any further legal action is paused until the Supreme Court rules on the Grant Pass case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We gathered a mountain of evidence,” Jennifer Friedenbach, director of the Coalition on Homelessness, said at Monday’s march. “People are still having their property destroyed and forced to move when they don’t have a place to go.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attorney Nisha Kashyap of the Lawyers’ Committee of Civil Rights of the San Francisco Bay Area, who’s working on the case against San Francisco, said the litigation will go forward regardless of how the Supreme Court rules on Grants Pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The case against the city of San Francisco is much broader than just the question before the U.S. Supreme Court today,” she said, noting that only one of the 13 claims in the suit involves the Eighth Amendment question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a statement, San Francisco City Attorney David Chiu took pains to differentiate the city’s approach to homelessness from that of Grants Pass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11983690\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11983690\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873.jpeg\" alt=\"A crowd of people stand in front of a large federal building.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873.jpeg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-800x533.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-1020x680.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/04/IMG_7873-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Demonstrators gather at the Federal Building in San Francisco on Monday in support of unhoused people. \u003ccite>(Kathryn Styer Martínez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Unlike Grants Pass, San Francisco has invested billions of dollars in our compassionate approach to addressing homelessness, and our laws have reasonable time, place, and manner restrictions,” he said. “The justices asked a number of thoughtful questions today. The complexity of their questions underscore the difficult and numerous decisions our city workers have to make on the ground every day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talya Husbands-Hankin, founder of the homeless advocacy organization, Love and Justice in the Streets, called Grants Pass “the most significant case on homelessness in over 40 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very frightening, and it’s another level of taking away rights,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates with her organization are working with about 25 unhoused people living in an encampment at Mosswood Park in Oakland, which the city plans to clear this week. She said that while the city offers shelter options, the offerings are inadequate and not a long-term solution to homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The shelter that the city is currently offering is not something people can always accept. You can’t take your pets, and it’s short-term,” Husbands-Hankin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in San Francisco — and across California — the number of unhoused people continues to outpace affordable housing inventory and shelter resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, the most recent citywide data available, San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/08/PIT-Key-Findings-Briefing-Deck-web.pdf\">tallied nearly 4,400 people\u003c/a> without shelter. However, the city lacks enough affordable housing or temporary shelter options to accommodate those who need it. On Monday, 173 people were on the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://hsh.sfgov.org/services/how-to-get-services/accessing-temporary-shelter/adult-temporary-shelter/shelter-reservation-waitlist/\">online shelter reservation waitlist\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of us feel strongly that mere shelter referrals were inadequate, but it is what the courts ruled, and now even this Eighth Amendment protection is threatened,” said Paul Boden, executive director of the Western Regional Advocacy Project. “We should be talking about housing — not shelter — when it comes to addressing mass contemporary homelessness.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983701/sweeps-kill-bay-area-homeless-advocates-weigh-in-on-pivotal-u-s-supreme-court-case","authors":["11840","11276"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_22903","news_4020","news_1775","news_201"],"featImg":"news_11983691","label":"news"},"forum_2010101905468":{"type":"posts","id":"forum_2010101905468","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"forum","id":"2010101905468","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"supreme-court-hears-oral-arguments-in-major-homelessness-case","title":"Supreme Court Hears Oral Arguments in Major Homelessness Case","publishDate":1713822744,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Supreme Court Hears Oral Arguments in Major Homelessness Case | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"forum"},"content":"\u003cp>The Supreme Court heard arguments Monday in its biggest case on homelessness in decades. At issue is whether penalizing unhoused people for camping on public land violates the “cruel and unusual punishment” clause of the 8th Amendment — even if they refuse offers of shelter. The case, Grants Pass v. Johnson, could have massive implications for how California cities address homelessness. Nearly half of all unhoused Americans live in California, according to a report last year by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Affairs. We’ll discuss the arguments and how the Court might rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The case, Grants Pass v. Johnson, could have massive implications for how California cities address homelessness. We’ll discuss the arguments and how the Court might rule.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713899130,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":3,"wordCount":102},"headData":{"title":"Supreme Court Hears Oral Arguments in Major Homelessness Case | KQED","description":"The case, Grants Pass v. Johnson, could have massive implications for how California cities address homelessness. We’ll discuss the arguments and how the Court might rule.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Supreme Court Hears Oral Arguments in Major Homelessness Case","datePublished":"2024-04-22T21:52:24.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-23T19:05:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://www.podtrac.com/pts/redirect.mp3/pdst.fm/e/chrt.fm/track/G6C7C3/traffic.megaphone.fm/KQINC7629469114.mp3?updated=1713899385","airdate":1713891600,"forumGuests":[{"name":"Marisa Kendall","bio":"homelessness reporter, CalMatters"},{"name":"Meghan Ryan","bio":"professor of law, Southern Methodist University (SMU)"}],"sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/forum/2010101905468/supreme-court-hears-oral-arguments-in-major-homelessness-case","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Supreme Court heard arguments Monday in its biggest case on homelessness in decades. At issue is whether penalizing unhoused people for camping on public land violates the “cruel and unusual punishment” clause of the 8th Amendment — even if they refuse offers of shelter. The case, Grants Pass v. Johnson, could have massive implications for how California cities address homelessness. Nearly half of all unhoused Americans live in California, according to a report last year by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Affairs. We’ll discuss the arguments and how the Court might rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/forum/2010101905468/supreme-court-hears-oral-arguments-in-major-homelessness-case","authors":["243"],"categories":["forum_165"],"featImg":"forum_2010101905469","label":"forum"},"news_11983481":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983481","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983481","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-indians-prepare-for-indias-2024-general-election-heres-what-to-know","title":"Bay Area Indians Brace for India’s Pivotal 2024 Election: Here’s What to Know","publishDate":1713783602,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Bay Area Indians Brace for India’s Pivotal 2024 Election: Here’s What to Know | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>India — the largest democracy in the world — kicked off its election season on Friday, April 19. Voters will head to the polls during a period of 44 days, with results announced on June 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, hopes to further cement its control of India’s Parliament, while the opposition seeks to interrupt the 10 consecutive years of BJP government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters in India’s election comprise over 10% of the world’s population. And for Indians and Indian Americans in the Bay Area, talk of this election may have been looming in the background for quite some time. Perhaps the WhatsApp family group chats are getting busier with videos of angry TV pundits. Or maybe your auntie and uncle are trying to reel you into policy debates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how exactly does India’s election work, and what’s at stake? Keep reading to get up to speed on why this election is so important for India — and the unique role the diaspora plays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#A\">How does the election work?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#B\">What’s at stake? What issues are on the table?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#C\">How does the election impact Indian and Indian American communities in the U.S.?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#D\">I’m an Indian citizen living in the U.S. Can I vote outside of India?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>How does India’s 2024 election work?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unlike the United States, which for most of its recent history only gave voters one day to cast their ballots, India carries out its elections over several weeks to make voting more accessible to its large population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s general election period will last six weeks, starting on April 19, and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-election-2024-explainer-41d7aa3131dc0c7e0df1ea4be6b6a4c7\">results will be announced on June 4\u003c/a>. The voters will elect 543 members for the lower house of Parliament for a five-year term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polls will be held in seven phases, and ballots will be cast at more than a million polling stations. Each phase will last a single day, with several constituencies across multiple states voting that day. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-election-modi-bjp-democracy-8998fe6aba5fa26debc0f82c4e2ccf69\">The staggered polling\u003c/a> allows the government to deploy tens of thousands of troops to prevent violence and transport election officials and voting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>India has a first-past-the-post multiparty electoral system in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins. A party or coalition must breach the mark of 272 seats to secure a majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is running in India’s 2024 election?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party and his main challenger, Rahul Gandhi of the Indian National Congress, represent Parliament’s two largest factions. Several other important regional parties are part of an opposition bloc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-election-opposition-modi-kejriwal-396a85e3fc4e4ed43018436b690b0fe0\">Opposition parties,\u003c/a> which have been previously fractured, have \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-opposition-parties-election-unity-a365ab9e6af2b7b6c19aea304693f186\">united under a front called INDIA,\u003c/a> or Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance, in the hope of denying Modi a third straight election victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alliance has \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-opposition-parties-election-unity-a365ab9e6af2b7b6c19aea304693f186\">fielded a single primary candidate\u003c/a> in most constituencies. But it has been roiled by ideological differences and personality clashes and has not yet decided on its candidate for prime minister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/india/modi-could-sweep-indian-election-congress-may-hit-record-low-says-survey-2024-04-03/\">Most surveys suggest Modi is likely to win comfortably\u003c/a>, especially after he opened \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-modi-temple-hindu-muslims-ayodhya-election-12102e8dd13a677b15d8760b4252aa7a\">a Hindu temple in northern Ayodhya city\u003c/a> in January, which fulfilled his party’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/ayodhya-ram-mandir-temple-hindu-nationalists-modi-hinduism-e6765dd13edb57a1644e961471939c30\">long-held Hindu nationalist pledge\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another victory would cement Modi as one of the country’s most popular and important leaders. It would follow a thumping win in 2019 when the BJP clinched an absolute majority by sweeping 303 parliamentary seats. The Congress party managed only 52 seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"B\">\u003c/a>What’s at stake for India?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With over 1.4 billion people and close to 970 million voters, India’s general election pits \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/hub/narendra-modi\">Prime Minister Modi,\u003c/a> an avowed Hindu nationalist, against a broad INDIA coalition struggling to play catch-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 73-year-old Modi first swept to power in 2014 on promises of economic development, presenting himself as an outsider cracking down on corruption. Since then, he has fused religion with politics in a formula that has attracted wide support from the country’s majority Hindu population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>India under Modi is a rising global power, but his rule has also been marked by \u003ca href=\"https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/04/19/modia-india-elections-unemployment/\">rising unemployment\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/india-muslims-marginalized-population-bjp-modi\">attacks by Hindu nationalists against minorities\u003c/a>, particularly Muslims, and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/05/03/india-media-freedom-under-threat\">shrinking space for dissent and free media\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, many Indian residents feel the same concern. “It is a vote about the future of a concept called India itself,” said Shan Sankaran, an entrepreneur in Sunnyvale. Sankaran also shared his concern that India could become an autocracy with Modi at the helm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anuradha Bhasin, executive editor of the \u003cem>Kashmir Times\u003c/em> who is \u003ca href=\"https://jsk.stanford.edu/fellows/class-of-2023/anuradha-bhasin/\">currently a fellow at Stanford\u003c/a>, echoed some of his sentiments. “It’s a moment when India is at a crossroads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These elections are very crucial. They will decide where India is headed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are some of the big issues in this India election?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, India has clung doggedly to its democratic convictions, largely due to free elections, an independent judiciary, a thriving media, strong opposition and peaceful transition of power. Some of these credentials have slowly eroded under Modi’s 10-year rule, with the polls seen as a test of the country’s democratic values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101905411,news_11979550,news_11981407\"]Many watchdogs have now categorized India as a “hybrid regime” that is neither a full democracy nor a full autocracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polls will also test the limits of Modi, a populist leader whose rise has seen increasing attacks against religious minorities, mostly Muslims. Critics accuse him of using a Hindu-first platform, endangering the country’s secular roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Modi, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-newsclick-press-freedom-media-raids-6c262667beca3badefb97f1904980138\">the media\u003c/a> — once viewed as vibrant and largely independent — have become more pliant and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-press-freedom-newsclick-arrest-raid-3faa0830e9f3bcd4e75f1b7df404f432\">critical voices muzzled.\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/kashmir-india-autonomy-supreme-court-status-d7e9b2c0cb0222e18de08d75c6b0ebc5\">Courts have largely bent to Modi’s will\u003c/a> and given favorable verdicts in crucial cases. Centralization of executive power has strained India’s federalism. And federal agencies have bogged down \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-new-delhi-arvind-kejriwal-jail-da600f0a1f98e7e35472d60854a81db9\">top opposition leaders\u003c/a> in corruption cases, which they deny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key issue is \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-narendra-modi-independence-day-celebrations-economy-912cf92919f59fd338298d62ce158ba8\">India’s large economy,\u003c/a> which is among the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-shortterm-budget-elections-5046223a2c87da2125ea18c3abf33ec9\">fastest-growing in the world.\u003c/a> It has helped India emerge as a global power and a counterweight to China. But even as India’s growth soars by some measures, the Modi government has struggled to generate enough jobs for young people and instead has relied on welfare programs like free food and housing to woo voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.N.’s latest Asia-Pacific Human Development Report lists India among the top countries with high income and wealth inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"C\">\u003c/a>How the country’s election might impact Indian communities in California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, Indian immigrants make up \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/10/28/how-big-is-bay-area-boom-in-india-born-residents-together-theyd-rank-as-the-regions-fourth-largest-city/?clearUserState=true\">one out of every five residents in many South and East Bay neighborhoods\u003c/a>. In the region’s two biggest counties — Santa Clara and Alameda — those born in India are now the largest immigrant group. Not to mention, the Bay Area has become home to several Indians and Indian Americans in high places, like Alphabet’s Sundar Pichai, Adobe’s Shantanu Narayen, and, of course, Vice President Kamala Harris, who was born in Oakland. And the history of the Bay Area would be incomplete without the work of Indian and Indian American organizers — as evidenced by Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleysouthasian.org/\">South Asian Radical Walking History Tour\u003c/a> and the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11837958/berkeley-renames-downtown-street-kala-bagai-way-after-south-asian-immigrant-activist\">Kala Bagai Way\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11913378 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/image12-1020x679.jpg']Indians abroad wield a lot of economic power in India. Last year, Indians in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/invest/india-tops-global-remittance-charts-at-125-billion-in-2023/articleshow/106087493.cms\">sent $125 billion back to India in remittances (payments to family)\u003c/a> — roughly equivalent to 3.3% of the Indian GDP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhasin, the \u003cem>Kashmir Times\u003c/em> editor at Stanford, said she has seen that divisive narratives in India have echoes in the Bay Area. “The Indian diaspora is as divided as Indians are in India,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their idea of India depends on the kind of sources of information they’re looking at,” she explained. If they are looking at mainstream media, their reading is different from those relying on non-mainstream digital media outlets, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deepthi Rao, who has been in the Bay Area for the last eight years, said she is a Modi fan. “I am a queer person of color,” she said. “The [BJP] have been, unrightfully, in my opinion, demonized as anti-LGBTQ.” She explained that in 2018, under the BJP government, Article 377 — a law that criminalized consensual homosexual acts — was abolished. In 2013, however, when the Indian National Congress party was in power, Article 377 was reinstated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She would like to go back to India to vote, she said — but isn’t sure if she’ll be able to make it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"D\">\u003c/a>I’m an Indian national in the US. Can I still vote in the elections?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Non-resident Indians in the U.S. for employment or education and are not citizens of any other country are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cgichicago.gov.in/page/nri-voter-enrollment-process/\">eligible to register as voters with the address in their Indian passport\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, they would be required to vote in person at their polling location in India — no mail-in, remote voting from outside that location is possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from KQED’s Lakshmi Sarah. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A look at what India’s general elections mean for Indians and Indian Americans in the Bay Area.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713730242,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":37,"wordCount":1582},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Indians Brace for India’s Pivotal 2024 Election: Here’s What to Know | KQED","description":"A look at what India’s general elections mean for Indians and Indian Americans in the Bay Area.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Bay Area Indians Brace for India’s Pivotal 2024 Election: Here’s What to Know","datePublished":"2024-04-22T11:00:02.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-21T20:10:42.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Sheikh Saaliq\u003cbr>Associated Press","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983481/bay-area-indians-prepare-for-indias-2024-general-election-heres-what-to-know","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>India — the largest democracy in the world — kicked off its election season on Friday, April 19. Voters will head to the polls during a period of 44 days, with results announced on June 4.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), led by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, hopes to further cement its control of India’s Parliament, while the opposition seeks to interrupt the 10 consecutive years of BJP government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Voters in India’s election comprise over 10% of the world’s population. And for Indians and Indian Americans in the Bay Area, talk of this election may have been looming in the background for quite some time. Perhaps the WhatsApp family group chats are getting busier with videos of angry TV pundits. Or maybe your auntie and uncle are trying to reel you into policy debates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But how exactly does India’s election work, and what’s at stake? Keep reading to get up to speed on why this election is so important for India — and the unique role the diaspora plays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#A\">How does the election work?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#B\">What’s at stake? What issues are on the table?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#C\">How does the election impact Indian and Indian American communities in the U.S.?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#D\">I’m an Indian citizen living in the U.S. Can I vote outside of India?\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"A\">\u003c/a>How does India’s 2024 election work?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unlike the United States, which for most of its recent history only gave voters one day to cast their ballots, India carries out its elections over several weeks to make voting more accessible to its large population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s general election period will last six weeks, starting on April 19, and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-election-2024-explainer-41d7aa3131dc0c7e0df1ea4be6b6a4c7\">results will be announced on June 4\u003c/a>. The voters will elect 543 members for the lower house of Parliament for a five-year term.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polls will be held in seven phases, and ballots will be cast at more than a million polling stations. Each phase will last a single day, with several constituencies across multiple states voting that day. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-election-modi-bjp-democracy-8998fe6aba5fa26debc0f82c4e2ccf69\">The staggered polling\u003c/a> allows the government to deploy tens of thousands of troops to prevent violence and transport election officials and voting machines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>India has a first-past-the-post multiparty electoral system in which the candidate who receives the most votes wins. A party or coalition must breach the mark of 272 seats to secure a majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is running in India’s 2024 election?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Modi’s Bharatiya Janata Party and his main challenger, Rahul Gandhi of the Indian National Congress, represent Parliament’s two largest factions. Several other important regional parties are part of an opposition bloc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-election-opposition-modi-kejriwal-396a85e3fc4e4ed43018436b690b0fe0\">Opposition parties,\u003c/a> which have been previously fractured, have \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-opposition-parties-election-unity-a365ab9e6af2b7b6c19aea304693f186\">united under a front called INDIA,\u003c/a> or Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance, in the hope of denying Modi a third straight election victory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The alliance has \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-opposition-parties-election-unity-a365ab9e6af2b7b6c19aea304693f186\">fielded a single primary candidate\u003c/a> in most constituencies. But it has been roiled by ideological differences and personality clashes and has not yet decided on its candidate for prime minister.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/world/india/modi-could-sweep-indian-election-congress-may-hit-record-low-says-survey-2024-04-03/\">Most surveys suggest Modi is likely to win comfortably\u003c/a>, especially after he opened \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-modi-temple-hindu-muslims-ayodhya-election-12102e8dd13a677b15d8760b4252aa7a\">a Hindu temple in northern Ayodhya city\u003c/a> in January, which fulfilled his party’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/ayodhya-ram-mandir-temple-hindu-nationalists-modi-hinduism-e6765dd13edb57a1644e961471939c30\">long-held Hindu nationalist pledge\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another victory would cement Modi as one of the country’s most popular and important leaders. It would follow a thumping win in 2019 when the BJP clinched an absolute majority by sweeping 303 parliamentary seats. The Congress party managed only 52 seats.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"B\">\u003c/a>What’s at stake for India?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>With over 1.4 billion people and close to 970 million voters, India’s general election pits \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/hub/narendra-modi\">Prime Minister Modi,\u003c/a> an avowed Hindu nationalist, against a broad INDIA coalition struggling to play catch-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 73-year-old Modi first swept to power in 2014 on promises of economic development, presenting himself as an outsider cracking down on corruption. Since then, he has fused religion with politics in a formula that has attracted wide support from the country’s majority Hindu population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>India under Modi is a rising global power, but his rule has also been marked by \u003ca href=\"https://foreignpolicy.com/2024/04/19/modia-india-elections-unemployment/\">rising unemployment\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.cfr.org/backgrounder/india-muslims-marginalized-population-bjp-modi\">attacks by Hindu nationalists against minorities\u003c/a>, particularly Muslims, and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/05/03/india-media-freedom-under-threat\">shrinking space for dissent and free media\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, many Indian residents feel the same concern. “It is a vote about the future of a concept called India itself,” said Shan Sankaran, an entrepreneur in Sunnyvale. Sankaran also shared his concern that India could become an autocracy with Modi at the helm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anuradha Bhasin, executive editor of the \u003cem>Kashmir Times\u003c/em> who is \u003ca href=\"https://jsk.stanford.edu/fellows/class-of-2023/anuradha-bhasin/\">currently a fellow at Stanford\u003c/a>, echoed some of his sentiments. “It’s a moment when India is at a crossroads.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These elections are very crucial. They will decide where India is headed,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What are some of the big issues in this India election?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For decades, India has clung doggedly to its democratic convictions, largely due to free elections, an independent judiciary, a thriving media, strong opposition and peaceful transition of power. Some of these credentials have slowly eroded under Modi’s 10-year rule, with the polls seen as a test of the country’s democratic values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Stories ","postid":"forum_2010101905411,news_11979550,news_11981407"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many watchdogs have now categorized India as a “hybrid regime” that is neither a full democracy nor a full autocracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The polls will also test the limits of Modi, a populist leader whose rise has seen increasing attacks against religious minorities, mostly Muslims. Critics accuse him of using a Hindu-first platform, endangering the country’s secular roots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under Modi, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-newsclick-press-freedom-media-raids-6c262667beca3badefb97f1904980138\">the media\u003c/a> — once viewed as vibrant and largely independent — have become more pliant and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-press-freedom-newsclick-arrest-raid-3faa0830e9f3bcd4e75f1b7df404f432\">critical voices muzzled.\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/kashmir-india-autonomy-supreme-court-status-d7e9b2c0cb0222e18de08d75c6b0ebc5\">Courts have largely bent to Modi’s will\u003c/a> and given favorable verdicts in crucial cases. Centralization of executive power has strained India’s federalism. And federal agencies have bogged down \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-new-delhi-arvind-kejriwal-jail-da600f0a1f98e7e35472d60854a81db9\">top opposition leaders\u003c/a> in corruption cases, which they deny.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another key issue is \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-narendra-modi-independence-day-celebrations-economy-912cf92919f59fd338298d62ce158ba8\">India’s large economy,\u003c/a> which is among the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/india-shortterm-budget-elections-5046223a2c87da2125ea18c3abf33ec9\">fastest-growing in the world.\u003c/a> It has helped India emerge as a global power and a counterweight to China. But even as India’s growth soars by some measures, the Modi government has struggled to generate enough jobs for young people and instead has relied on welfare programs like free food and housing to woo voters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.N.’s latest Asia-Pacific Human Development Report lists India among the top countries with high income and wealth inequality.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"C\">\u003c/a>How the country’s election might impact Indian communities in California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, Indian immigrants make up \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2023/10/28/how-big-is-bay-area-boom-in-india-born-residents-together-theyd-rank-as-the-regions-fourth-largest-city/?clearUserState=true\">one out of every five residents in many South and East Bay neighborhoods\u003c/a>. In the region’s two biggest counties — Santa Clara and Alameda — those born in India are now the largest immigrant group. Not to mention, the Bay Area has become home to several Indians and Indian Americans in high places, like Alphabet’s Sundar Pichai, Adobe’s Shantanu Narayen, and, of course, Vice President Kamala Harris, who was born in Oakland. And the history of the Bay Area would be incomplete without the work of Indian and Indian American organizers — as evidenced by Berkeley’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleysouthasian.org/\">South Asian Radical Walking History Tour\u003c/a> and the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11837958/berkeley-renames-downtown-street-kala-bagai-way-after-south-asian-immigrant-activist\">Kala Bagai Way\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11913378","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/image12-1020x679.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Indians abroad wield a lot of economic power in India. Last year, Indians in the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/nri/invest/india-tops-global-remittance-charts-at-125-billion-in-2023/articleshow/106087493.cms\">sent $125 billion back to India in remittances (payments to family)\u003c/a> — roughly equivalent to 3.3% of the Indian GDP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bhasin, the \u003cem>Kashmir Times\u003c/em> editor at Stanford, said she has seen that divisive narratives in India have echoes in the Bay Area. “The Indian diaspora is as divided as Indians are in India,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Their idea of India depends on the kind of sources of information they’re looking at,” she explained. If they are looking at mainstream media, their reading is different from those relying on non-mainstream digital media outlets, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Deepthi Rao, who has been in the Bay Area for the last eight years, said she is a Modi fan. “I am a queer person of color,” she said. “The [BJP] have been, unrightfully, in my opinion, demonized as anti-LGBTQ.” She explained that in 2018, under the BJP government, Article 377 — a law that criminalized consensual homosexual acts — was abolished. In 2013, however, when the Indian National Congress party was in power, Article 377 was reinstated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She would like to go back to India to vote, she said — but isn’t sure if she’ll be able to make it.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"D\">\u003c/a>I’m an Indian national in the US. Can I still vote in the elections?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Non-resident Indians in the U.S. for employment or education and are not citizens of any other country are \u003ca href=\"https://www.cgichicago.gov.in/page/nri-voter-enrollment-process/\">eligible to register as voters with the address in their Indian passport\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, they would be required to vote in person at their polling location in India — no mail-in, remote voting from outside that location is possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from KQED’s Lakshmi Sarah. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983481/bay-area-indians-prepare-for-indias-2024-general-election-heres-what-to-know","authors":["byline_news_11983481"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_27626","news_6284","news_33978"],"featImg":"news_11983549","label":"news"},"news_11983654":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11983654","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11983654","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"californias-future-educators-divided-on-how-to-teach-reading","title":"California’s Future Educators Divided on How to Teach Reading","publishDate":1713812452,"format":"standard","headTitle":"California’s Future Educators Divided on How to Teach Reading | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":33681,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Supporters of bolstering how teacher candidates in California are taught to teach reading cheered in 2021 when the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB488\">agreed and mandated change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They remained enthusiastic a year later when \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/californias-plan-to-change-literacy-instruction-advances/692569\">the state Commission on Teacher Credentialing adopted new standards \u003c/a>emphasizing explicit instruction of fundamental skills, including phonics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, advocates are charging that the Commission on Teacher Credentialing and its oversight body, the Committee on Accreditation, have failed their first test to stand behind those new standards. Instead, after a one-hour hearing Friday, the commission confirmed full accreditation to Mills College at Northeastern, which critics argue is ignoring critical new standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This approval will set a bad example for other programs facing a fall deadline to overhaul their literacy instruction and begin teaching the revised standards, critics said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clearly, the commission is unwilling to uphold the state’s own curriculum framework and its guidance for new teacher prep programs, as outlined” in state law, said Yolie Flores, president and CEO of Families in Schools, a Los Angeles-based nonprofit that advocates for parents. “Given that, what chance is there that literacy instruction will ever change, and what chance is there that our children will be successful in learning to read?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[ad fullwidth] \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer may become clearer as other programs come up for review. However, the credential commission’s unanimous vote to reaffirm Mills College at Northeastern’s accreditation found support not only among the peer reviewers for the Committee on Accreditation but also from leaders of other teacher prep programs who submitted comments and testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing and the commission’s decision revealed ongoing disagreements over how California’s new literacy standards should be interpreted and implemented and raised the question of whether the Legislature’s intent in ordering a different approach to literacy instruction will be followed with fidelity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The credentialing commission’s decision was in response to a complaint filed by Families in Schools and the nonprofits Decoding Dyslexia and California Reading Coalition. The organizations hoped that the commission would investigate the accreditation approval for Mills College at Northeastern or order that the program get technical help to bring it into compliance with the new standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Commissioners, it is up to you to make sure the letter and intent of the law is followed. If you don’t do it, it won’t be done, and these terrible results won’t change,” testified Todd Collins of the California Reading Coalition, referring to the low reading proficiency rate of California third graders: 43% overall and less than a third for Black and Latino children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Credentialing commissioners instead took a third option — referring the complaint to the Committee on Accreditation without comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commissioners made clear they trusted the accreditation committee’s judgment and peer-review process, which relies on an evaluation by professors of teacher prep programs. Credentialing Commission Chair Marquita Grenot-Scheyer and others said they found no merit to the complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have an established, coherent and effective process for program review and accreditation in the state of California,” said Grenot-Scheyer, a professor emeritus in the College of Education at California State University, Long Beach.[aside postID=news_11945189 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CMTeachers01-1020x680.jpg']Commissioner Ira Lit, a professor at the Stanford University Graduate School of Education, agreed, adding that he sees “no indication that attention to those frameworks, guidelines and standards of review were amiss in this particular case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature’s mandate in \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB488\">Senate Bill 488\u003c/a> directed the commission to incorporate evidence-based methods of teaching foundational reading skills in its programs for multiple-subject credentials and reading specialists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The literacy skills that teacher candidates would learn to teach include not only phonics, which correlates sounds with letters in the alphabet but also vocabulary, oral language, fluency, reading comprehension and writing. The commission appointed two dozen reading experts to recommend research-based literacy practices aligned to the state’s existing curriculum frameworks that all teacher preparation programs would adopt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins, Flores and others praised the final package of teacher performance expectations, known as Standard 7 in the program requirements. They said it would meet the needs of all students, including English learners and students with dyslexia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So did two members of the work group of experts who were skeptical of Mills College at Northeastern’s literacy instruction: Maryanne Wolf, a cognitive neuroscientist who directs the UCLA Center for Dyslexia, Diverse Learners, and Social Justice, and Sue Sears, a professor of special education at CSU Northridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They called Standard 7 “a rigorous and comprehensive set of requirements which reflect current reading research and practice.” After examining Mills College at Northeastern’s course syllabi, reading lists, and materials for literacy instruction, they said the program fell far short of the requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In testimony and written comments, they said the school paid “lip service” to foundational skills and failed to document how prospective teachers would teach phonics explicitly and effectively. Among other flaws, the program didn’t mention the importance of screening for dyslexia and how to provide additional help for struggling and multilingual students, Wolf and Sears wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills at Northeastern was formed from the merger of Mills College, a 170-year-old former women’s college in Oakland that closed in 2022, with Northeastern University in Boston.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Structured versus balanced literacy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In expressing confidence in a thorough accreditation review process while not commenting on the substance of the complaint, the credentialing commission dodged the underlying issue. The state had taken a stand in the debate over “structured literacy” versus “balanced literacy.” Standard 7 incorporates structured literacy. Taught under the banner of “science of reading,” it stresses evidence-proven reading strategies using, in the early grades, direct and sequential instruction of phonics and decodable texts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balanced literacy, an outgrowth of the once-popular “whole language” approach, downplays phonics, which it views as just one of several strategies in teaching reading. Other methods include “three-cueing,” the technique in which readers use pictures in a book, the first letter of a word and other contextual clues to determine words. It’s grounded in the belief that reading more books tied to the skill level of a child’s fluency and comprehension will make them better, more engaged readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College at Northeastern stresses balanced literacy and three-cueing. Its reading assignments include multiple chapters by Fountas and Pinnell, the publisher most identified with balanced literacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approving credential programs like Mills “to provide contradictory instructional practices, some of which are supported by research and others that have been debunked by cognitive scientists years ago, will only serve to create confusion for teaching credential candidates,” Decoding Dyslexia CA co-directors Lori DePole and Megan Potente wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew Burns, a University of Florida reading researcher who said he had studied the effectiveness of Fountas and Pinnell instructional programs and intervention strategies, was blunt. “The three-cueing system should have no place in public education and should not be part of any preservice training,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In defense of Mills College\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Other leaders of teacher preparation programs and advocacy groups in California urged the credentialing commission to uphold the approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stating that a comprehensive literacy curriculum includes background knowledge, multilingualism motivation and diverse text and assessments — not just phonics, Nancy Walker, a professor of literacy education at the University of La Verne, said, “By limiting our focus to the claims made by the popular press and media, we have underrepresented other pieces of reading pedagogy. The Mills College program represents the broad range of literacy as represented in the California literacy frameworks and standards.”[aside postID=news_11914203 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/MillsCommencement-1020x608.jpg']Karen Escalante, an assistant professor of teacher education and foundations at CSU San Bernardino and president of the California Council on Teacher Education, warned that “efforts to pick and choose select elements of teacher preparation syllabi undermine the teaching profession and aim to deprofessionalize a professional workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mimi Miller, a professor and literacy teacher educator at CSU Chico, said, “The complaint against Mills privileges one line of research over another. It has inaccurately cited research to confirm a set of beliefs about reading instruction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The science of reading is not settled and will never be settled,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association and Californians Together, which advocates for English and expanding multilingual education, also urged commissioners to uphold the accreditation approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I call on the commission to not make any decisions that would restrict reading instruction in California,” said Manuel Buenrostro, director of policy at Californians Together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf used her two-minute comment to refute what opponents said regarding the state of research. “Of course, there is the unsettled, but there is far more of the settled neuroscience of reading,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College at Northeastern “fails to meet the standards that you asked us to bring to every teacher so that every teacher could be prepared to teach every child,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am worrisomely seeing in California that there is becoming more loyalty to past methods that have been shown to be ineffective for our most struggling readers. We can never put loyalty to past methods over loyalty to our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>SB 488 under attack\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Several commissioners indicated they, too, support a “balanced” approach to reading instruction tied to research. Others said the key to improved instruction is understanding socioeconomic and cultural differences among children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Culturally responsive teaching practices are what’s going to work to teach those children how to read,” said Commissioner Christopher Davis, pointing to his own experience as a Black child in Los Angeles who did not read an entire book until he was a high school junior. Davis, a middle school language arts teacher in the Berryessa Union School District in San Jose, said, “I want to encourage the public to stop using Black and brown children to prop up their misguided views of what’s happening in schools because I am one of those people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 488 requires all teacher candidates, starting in the spring of 2025, to take a performance assessment demonstrating they can effectively teach the new literacy instruction standards. The law also requires the Committee on Accreditation to visit all teacher prep programs in 2024–25 to verify they employ the new literacy strategies.[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='education']But a bill that would remove those provisions before they take effect is moving forward in the Legislature.\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB1263\"> Senate Bill 1263\u003c/a>, sponsored by the California Teachers Association, would eliminate the California \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctcexams.nesinc.com/TestView.aspx?f=HTML_FRAG/CalTPA_TestPage.html\">Teaching Performance Assessment\u003c/a>, known as the CalTPA. And that would include the performance assessment in teaching reading now being developed. The bill, authored by Sen. Josh Newman (D-Fullerton), would also drop the on-site visits to verify that teacher prep programs are adhering to the literacy standards. The periodic general accreditation and re-accreditation process, like the one that Mills College passed, would be the sole accountability check that California’s new teachers know how to teach structured literacy and the science of reading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill, which would have extended the same training in structured literacy for new teachers to all elementary school teachers, also would have strengthened the credentialing commission’s literacy expertise. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2222\">Assembly Bill 2222\u003c/a> would have required that at least one member of the Committee on Accreditation be an expert in the science of reading. And it would have funded several literacy experts for the commission staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same adversaries that fought over Mills College at Northeastern battled over AB 2222. Decoding Dyslexia CA, Families in Schools and California Reading Coalition sponsored the bill. Opposition by CTA, Californians Together and the California Association of Bilingual Educators led Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas to pull the bill without a hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins of the California Reading Coalition said he wasn’t surprised by the credentialing commission’s decision. The view of those involved in teacher preparation programs, which is not unique to California, is: “‘Let us professionals do our job. We are the ones who can arbitrate whether we’re doing a good job or not. No one else can do that,'” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To the extent that the credentialing commission defers to the process and defers to the people in the higher ed institutions, then change is going to come very, very slowly, if at all,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Critics question accreditation of a program they say won't adhere to new standards on structured literacy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713815072,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":42,"wordCount":2152},"headData":{"title":"California’s Future Educators Divided on How to Teach Reading | KQED","description":"Critics question accreditation of a program they say won't adhere to new standards on structured literacy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"California’s Future Educators Divided on How to Teach Reading","datePublished":"2024-04-22T19:00:52.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-22T19:44:32.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"John Fensterwald, EdSource","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11983654/californias-future-educators-divided-on-how-to-teach-reading","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Supporters of bolstering how teacher candidates in California are taught to teach reading cheered in 2021 when the Legislature \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB488\">agreed and mandated change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They remained enthusiastic a year later when \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/californias-plan-to-change-literacy-instruction-advances/692569\">the state Commission on Teacher Credentialing adopted new standards \u003c/a>emphasizing explicit instruction of fundamental skills, including phonics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, advocates are charging that the Commission on Teacher Credentialing and its oversight body, the Committee on Accreditation, have failed their first test to stand behind those new standards. Instead, after a one-hour hearing Friday, the commission confirmed full accreditation to Mills College at Northeastern, which critics argue is ignoring critical new standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This approval will set a bad example for other programs facing a fall deadline to overhaul their literacy instruction and begin teaching the revised standards, critics said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clearly, the commission is unwilling to uphold the state’s own curriculum framework and its guidance for new teacher prep programs, as outlined” in state law, said Yolie Flores, president and CEO of Families in Schools, a Los Angeles-based nonprofit that advocates for parents. “Given that, what chance is there that literacy instruction will ever change, and what chance is there that our children will be successful in learning to read?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The answer may become clearer as other programs come up for review. However, the credential commission’s unanimous vote to reaffirm Mills College at Northeastern’s accreditation found support not only among the peer reviewers for the Committee on Accreditation but also from leaders of other teacher prep programs who submitted comments and testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearing and the commission’s decision revealed ongoing disagreements over how California’s new literacy standards should be interpreted and implemented and raised the question of whether the Legislature’s intent in ordering a different approach to literacy instruction will be followed with fidelity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The credentialing commission’s decision was in response to a complaint filed by Families in Schools and the nonprofits Decoding Dyslexia and California Reading Coalition. The organizations hoped that the commission would investigate the accreditation approval for Mills College at Northeastern or order that the program get technical help to bring it into compliance with the new standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Commissioners, it is up to you to make sure the letter and intent of the law is followed. If you don’t do it, it won’t be done, and these terrible results won’t change,” testified Todd Collins of the California Reading Coalition, referring to the low reading proficiency rate of California third graders: 43% overall and less than a third for Black and Latino children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Credentialing commissioners instead took a third option — referring the complaint to the Committee on Accreditation without comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commissioners made clear they trusted the accreditation committee’s judgment and peer-review process, which relies on an evaluation by professors of teacher prep programs. Credentialing Commission Chair Marquita Grenot-Scheyer and others said they found no merit to the complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have an established, coherent and effective process for program review and accreditation in the state of California,” said Grenot-Scheyer, a professor emeritus in the College of Education at California State University, Long Beach.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11945189","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/CMTeachers01-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Commissioner Ira Lit, a professor at the Stanford University Graduate School of Education, agreed, adding that he sees “no indication that attention to those frameworks, guidelines and standards of review were amiss in this particular case.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Legislature’s mandate in \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202120220SB488\">Senate Bill 488\u003c/a> directed the commission to incorporate evidence-based methods of teaching foundational reading skills in its programs for multiple-subject credentials and reading specialists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The literacy skills that teacher candidates would learn to teach include not only phonics, which correlates sounds with letters in the alphabet but also vocabulary, oral language, fluency, reading comprehension and writing. The commission appointed two dozen reading experts to recommend research-based literacy practices aligned to the state’s existing curriculum frameworks that all teacher preparation programs would adopt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins, Flores and others praised the final package of teacher performance expectations, known as Standard 7 in the program requirements. They said it would meet the needs of all students, including English learners and students with dyslexia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So did two members of the work group of experts who were skeptical of Mills College at Northeastern’s literacy instruction: Maryanne Wolf, a cognitive neuroscientist who directs the UCLA Center for Dyslexia, Diverse Learners, and Social Justice, and Sue Sears, a professor of special education at CSU Northridge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They called Standard 7 “a rigorous and comprehensive set of requirements which reflect current reading research and practice.” After examining Mills College at Northeastern’s course syllabi, reading lists, and materials for literacy instruction, they said the program fell far short of the requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In testimony and written comments, they said the school paid “lip service” to foundational skills and failed to document how prospective teachers would teach phonics explicitly and effectively. Among other flaws, the program didn’t mention the importance of screening for dyslexia and how to provide additional help for struggling and multilingual students, Wolf and Sears wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills at Northeastern was formed from the merger of Mills College, a 170-year-old former women’s college in Oakland that closed in 2022, with Northeastern University in Boston.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Structured versus balanced literacy\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In expressing confidence in a thorough accreditation review process while not commenting on the substance of the complaint, the credentialing commission dodged the underlying issue. The state had taken a stand in the debate over “structured literacy” versus “balanced literacy.” Standard 7 incorporates structured literacy. Taught under the banner of “science of reading,” it stresses evidence-proven reading strategies using, in the early grades, direct and sequential instruction of phonics and decodable texts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balanced literacy, an outgrowth of the once-popular “whole language” approach, downplays phonics, which it views as just one of several strategies in teaching reading. Other methods include “three-cueing,” the technique in which readers use pictures in a book, the first letter of a word and other contextual clues to determine words. It’s grounded in the belief that reading more books tied to the skill level of a child’s fluency and comprehension will make them better, more engaged readers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College at Northeastern stresses balanced literacy and three-cueing. Its reading assignments include multiple chapters by Fountas and Pinnell, the publisher most identified with balanced literacy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approving credential programs like Mills “to provide contradictory instructional practices, some of which are supported by research and others that have been debunked by cognitive scientists years ago, will only serve to create confusion for teaching credential candidates,” Decoding Dyslexia CA co-directors Lori DePole and Megan Potente wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Matthew Burns, a University of Florida reading researcher who said he had studied the effectiveness of Fountas and Pinnell instructional programs and intervention strategies, was blunt. “The three-cueing system should have no place in public education and should not be part of any preservice training,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>In defense of Mills College\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Other leaders of teacher preparation programs and advocacy groups in California urged the credentialing commission to uphold the approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stating that a comprehensive literacy curriculum includes background knowledge, multilingualism motivation and diverse text and assessments — not just phonics, Nancy Walker, a professor of literacy education at the University of La Verne, said, “By limiting our focus to the claims made by the popular press and media, we have underrepresented other pieces of reading pedagogy. The Mills College program represents the broad range of literacy as represented in the California literacy frameworks and standards.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11914203","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/MillsCommencement-1020x608.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Karen Escalante, an assistant professor of teacher education and foundations at CSU San Bernardino and president of the California Council on Teacher Education, warned that “efforts to pick and choose select elements of teacher preparation syllabi undermine the teaching profession and aim to deprofessionalize a professional workforce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mimi Miller, a professor and literacy teacher educator at CSU Chico, said, “The complaint against Mills privileges one line of research over another. It has inaccurately cited research to confirm a set of beliefs about reading instruction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The science of reading is not settled and will never be settled,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Teachers Association and Californians Together, which advocates for English and expanding multilingual education, also urged commissioners to uphold the accreditation approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I call on the commission to not make any decisions that would restrict reading instruction in California,” said Manuel Buenrostro, director of policy at Californians Together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolf used her two-minute comment to refute what opponents said regarding the state of research. “Of course, there is the unsettled, but there is far more of the settled neuroscience of reading,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mills College at Northeastern “fails to meet the standards that you asked us to bring to every teacher so that every teacher could be prepared to teach every child,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am worrisomely seeing in California that there is becoming more loyalty to past methods that have been shown to be ineffective for our most struggling readers. We can never put loyalty to past methods over loyalty to our children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>SB 488 under attack\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Several commissioners indicated they, too, support a “balanced” approach to reading instruction tied to research. Others said the key to improved instruction is understanding socioeconomic and cultural differences among children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Culturally responsive teaching practices are what’s going to work to teach those children how to read,” said Commissioner Christopher Davis, pointing to his own experience as a Black child in Los Angeles who did not read an entire book until he was a high school junior. Davis, a middle school language arts teacher in the Berryessa Union School District in San Jose, said, “I want to encourage the public to stop using Black and brown children to prop up their misguided views of what’s happening in schools because I am one of those people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SB 488 requires all teacher candidates, starting in the spring of 2025, to take a performance assessment demonstrating they can effectively teach the new literacy instruction standards. The law also requires the Committee on Accreditation to visit all teacher prep programs in 2024–25 to verify they employ the new literacy strategies.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"Related Coverage ","tag":"education"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But a bill that would remove those provisions before they take effect is moving forward in the Legislature.\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB1263\"> Senate Bill 1263\u003c/a>, sponsored by the California Teachers Association, would eliminate the California \u003ca href=\"https://www.ctcexams.nesinc.com/TestView.aspx?f=HTML_FRAG/CalTPA_TestPage.html\">Teaching Performance Assessment\u003c/a>, known as the CalTPA. And that would include the performance assessment in teaching reading now being developed. The bill, authored by Sen. Josh Newman (D-Fullerton), would also drop the on-site visits to verify that teacher prep programs are adhering to the literacy standards. The periodic general accreditation and re-accreditation process, like the one that Mills College passed, would be the sole accountability check that California’s new teachers know how to teach structured literacy and the science of reading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another bill, which would have extended the same training in structured literacy for new teachers to all elementary school teachers, also would have strengthened the credentialing commission’s literacy expertise. \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240AB2222\">Assembly Bill 2222\u003c/a> would have required that at least one member of the Committee on Accreditation be an expert in the science of reading. And it would have funded several literacy experts for the commission staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same adversaries that fought over Mills College at Northeastern battled over AB 2222. Decoding Dyslexia CA, Families in Schools and California Reading Coalition sponsored the bill. Opposition by CTA, Californians Together and the California Association of Bilingual Educators led Assembly Speaker Robert Rivas to pull the bill without a hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Collins of the California Reading Coalition said he wasn’t surprised by the credentialing commission’s decision. The view of those involved in teacher preparation programs, which is not unique to California, is: “‘Let us professionals do our job. We are the ones who can arbitrate whether we’re doing a good job or not. No one else can do that,'” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To the extent that the credentialing commission defers to the process and defers to the people in the higher ed institutions, then change is going to come very, very slowly, if at all,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11983654/californias-future-educators-divided-on-how-to-teach-reading","authors":["byline_news_11983654"],"categories":["news_18540","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_32580","news_20013","news_27626","news_18500"],"affiliates":["news_33681"],"featImg":"news_11983657","label":"news_33681"},"news_11948187":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11948187","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11948187","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"california-teen-mother-baby-murdered-gang-related-mass-shooting","title":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers","publishDate":1683118839,"format":"standard","headTitle":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>[dropcap]S[/dropcap]hayne Maupin sat in the front row of the church staring stoically at the projector screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photos of his girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their infant son, Nycholas, ticked by: Nycholas playing in a laundry basket, looking up at the camera; Nycholas tucked into his car seat; and Shayne holding hands with Alissa in the snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne, 18, wiped his eyes with the sleeve of a red hoodie he had shared with Alissa. He didn’t know their time together as a family would be so brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blue, orange and yellow flowers were arranged on the altar next to a framed photo of Alissa holding Nycholas. Also on the altar: an urn, and plastic children’s toys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Shayne’s father, rubbed his son’s head to comfort him before walking onstage to address the funeral audience. He was struggling, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m grateful that my son had fell in love,” he said through tears. “I just wish it would have lasted longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man at a podium inside a church memorial service speaks with a projected photo of a young couple and their baby behind him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr., father of Shayne Maupin, speaks during the funeral service for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa, 16, and 10-month-old Nycholas were slain Jan. 16 in a mass shooting in Goshen, an unincorporated community bisected by railroad tracks along Highway 99 west of Visalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first of 13 days of gun violence that rocked California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101891960/monterey-park-reeling-after-lunar-new-year-massacre\">In Monterey Park\u003c/a>, 11 people died at a dance studio on Jan. 21; the suspected gunman also died, from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. On Jan. 23, seven people were gunned down at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939064/at-least-7-killed-in-half-moon-bay-shooting\">two Half Moon Bay farms\u003c/a>. In Goshen, the violence and concerns about possible cartel involvement shocked neighbors into silence, fearful of retaliation. Almost four months later, loved ones of the victims are still trying to piece together what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers responding to a 911 call on the morning of Jan. 16 immediately found the bodies of Alissa and Nycholas in the street in front of the house where she lived with family. Both were shot in the back of the head, and were the last to be killed in a massacre that claimed six lives. A neighbor recalled seeing Alissa’s body in the predawn light next to an abandoned child’s mattress on the curb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A row of mourning family members, from teens to older males, sit inside a church. One bows their head with a sad expression as they listen to speakers during a funeral service for their loved ones who've died.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family and friends of Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz listen to speakers during the funeral service. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In surveillance video shown at a police press conference, Alissa is seen running from the house with Nycholas in her arms. She drops him on the other side of a fence before hoisting herself over a chain-link gate. One of the two gunmen follows her, a rifle in his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nycholas, who was in foster care for most of his life, had been reunited with Alissa just three days earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of Alissa’s other family members also died in the shooting, including her grandmother, Jennifer Analla; great-grandmother, Rosa Parraz; great-uncle, Eladio Parraz Jr.; and cousin, Marcos Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement were familiar with the Harvest Avenue house, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux told reporters. Deputies executed a search warrant there on Jan. 3. According to Boudreaux, at least two people in the family were Sureño gang members. He said both gunmen were members of the rival Norteño gang and had targeted the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah Beard, 25, of Visalia, and Angel Uriarte, 35, of Goshen, were arrested and charged with six counts of murder with special circumstances, among other charges. Both pleaded not guilty.[aside postID=news_11947532 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/GettyImages-1252149086-1020x680.jpg']Valerie Gensel, Shayne’s mother, said no social worker or representative from the sheriff’s office called to notify Shayne of Nycholas’ death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not one cop,” she told KQED. “Nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ashley Ritchie said detectives, who were focused on catching the killers, did not immediately know Nycholas’ identity or the identity of his father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For months before the shooting, Gensel said, she had concerns about Alissa’s living situation and her grandfather, Martin Pena Parraz, who sometimes stayed at the Harvest Avenue property. Gensel said he had threatened Shayne’s father and verbally attacked Shayne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s deputies conducting a parole compliance check on Parraz on Jan. 3 found his brother, Eladio Parraz Jr., at the house instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Martin and his brother Eladio Parraz are documented Sureño gang members in Tulare County,” a sheriff’s deputy wrote in a report reviewed by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police, a search of a trailer on the property belonging to Parraz Jr. turned up an AR-style rifle with no serial number, a shotgun, a handgun, ammunition, methamphetamine, pipes for smoking meth, body armor and 10 bags of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948215\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948215\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man's hand holds a cell phone that displays a photo of himself with a teenage girl and her baby boy who clutches a baby blanket.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr. displays a photo on his cellphone of one of the family’s only visits with his grandson, Nycholas Parraz, in late November 2022. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa and another minor, whose name in the report is redacted, were at the house at the time of the search. Deputies did not contact Child Welfare Services because, according to Ritchie, the drugs and guns were found in the trailer and not in the house, where the minors were. The trailer, one of two on the property, was a “completely different residence from where Alissa was living,” Ritchie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement is required to report suspected child abuse or neglect under the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/info_bulletins/2020-dle-17.pdf?\">Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act\u003c/a>. When asked about the search, Carrie Monteiro, public information officer for the Tulare County Health and Human Services Agency, which includes Child Welfare Services, pointed to the law. She declined to answer questions about the case, citing confidentiality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Jan. 13 juvenile court hearing, according to Gensel, a judge decided Nycholas would be returned to live with Alissa full-time in the house. In a March 7 Facebook post, Gensel wrote that Nycholas and Alissa were “failed badly” by law enforcement and the county’s child protection agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now,” she wrote, referencing the Maupins’ desire for Shayne and Alissa to share custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948252\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948252\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A memorial display set up for a teenage mother and her baby boy is pictured. Candles, photos and baby toys are a part of the memorial.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An altar set up in the corner of the Maupins’ living room displays photos of Alissa and Nycholas, baby toys and other mementos, on Feb. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the funeral on March 17, relatives, co-workers and friends of the Maupins gathered inside Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, a small town in the remote, high desert of upstate California where Alissa lived before moving to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family wanted answers. Why were Nycholas and Alissa allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was no reason to kill [Nycholas],” said Shayne’s grandfather Jim Lee Maupin Sr., who traveled to the service from Oklahoma, where the family has its roots in the Peoria Tribe. “He couldn’t have said a word about them. Even if they let him live, he ain’t going to be able to point them out.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Valerie Gensel, Shayne Maupin’s mother\"]‘Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now.’[/pullquote]Micki Witzel, Shayne’s great-aunt, was distraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They really need answers to why this even happened,” she said through sobs. “They should never have put that baby back in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the shooting, the Maupins said, they had been confronted by Alissa’s family. Some of Alissa’s relatives who live in Alturas appeared at the park where the Maupins were gathered on what would have been Nycholas’ first birthday. It was March 1, and the solemn balloon release was disrupted by revving engines and spinning tires, according to Gensel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It left her questioning how Alissa ended up in Goshen in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have did anything for her if [Child Welfare Services] or the courts asked us if she could stay with us,” Gensel told KQED after the funeral. “We would have opened our arms and our doors to her. We would have gave her [the] life that she wanted and needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘She didn’t want to be there’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alturas is the seat of Modoc County in the northeastern corner of the state. Bordering Oregon and Nevada, Modoc is one of the state’s least populated counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At over 4,000 feet above sea level, Alturas and its desert brush and grazing livestock are covered by a fine snow in winter. Deer meander into yards with pristine views of the snow-capped Warner Mountains. “Where the West Still Lives” is the Alturas motto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948217\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948217\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg\" alt='A large, wooden sign in the middle of yellow grass and brush reads \"Welcome to Alturas: Where the West Still Lives.\" A snowy mountain range is seen in the background and a semi truck drives down a country road. Snow is melted on the ground and telephone poles dot the road.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A semi-truck drives past a sign advertising businesses in Alturas on March 17, 2023, with the Warner Mountains in the background. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Antonio’s Cucina Italiana, where Shayne once worked, a funeral program was tacked to a bulletin board. A former co-worker recalled Shayne frequently on the phone in the evenings talking about getting custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in this town of 2,700 people that Shayne and Alissa met. They were introduced by Shayne’s younger brother. Shayne, who declined to be interviewed for this story, was 15 and Alissa had just turned 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the funeral, Gensel fondly recalled memories of Alissa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She liked to play. She liked to dress up Shayne,” Gensel, a traveling certified nursing assistant, said of the girl she described as bright and shy. “They’d go to the park to walk. [They’d] have little snacks to take with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948290\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948290\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young couple walks in the snow holding hands with their backs toward the camera.\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin and Alissa Parraz walk through Alturas while holding hands in an undated photo. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The memories flooded back to Gensel, 44, who spoke to KQED at a lodge near her home: Alissa and Shayne jumping on the trampoline in the snow, and Alissa nibbling on snacks “like a little bird” because she was too shy to eat in front of the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s adolescence was marked by repeated shuffles among family members in Alturas and the Central Valley, 500 miles away. Police records reviewed by KQED show she had trouble at school: In October 2020, she and another female student fought. Alissa punched the other student several times, according to an incident report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had a sassy attitude. Her mom told me that I wouldn’t be able to handle her,” Gensel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa learned she was pregnant in the summer of 2021. Soon after, she moved to Tulare County to live with her father’s family, Gensel said. Exactly why remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Gensel, Alissa’s mother, Shyla Pina, told her that the juvenile court system required Alissa to live with her grandparents after she spent time in juvenile detention for fighting with her younger sister while holding another sibling. But Gensel believes Pina, an Alturas resident, chose to send Alissa away after learning about the pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948291\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Deer in the country.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deer stands near downtown Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“She never wanted to go down there,” Gensel said. “That was her first words — ‘I don’t want to leave, I don’t want to go.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pina declined to be interviewed. When reached on Facebook, she ignored a reporter’s question seeking clarity about how Alissa came to live in Goshen with her grandparents. Instead, she wrote: “My daughter is very smart and loving yes she had her ups and down[s] with everything that has happened to her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach other family members were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juvenile courts do send minors to live with family members in other counties in certain situations — for example, the court determining a minor is a danger to their family, or a minor’s living situation is unsafe, Modoc County Chief Probation Officer Stephen Svetich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we find that they need to be placed out of home, they could be placed anywhere else in the state,” Svetich said in a phone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Brown and black cows are pictured on a snow-covered field.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A herd of cattle in a snow-covered field near Alturas, on Feb. 23, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa had lived in Tulare County as a child. Documents obtained by KQED reveal that in September 2017, a Tulare County court issued a protective order barring contact between Alissa and her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sept. 6, 2017, a police officer responding to a report of suspected child abuse at Freedom Elementary School in Farmersville, a small town east of Visalia, was told an 11-year-old female student in the sixth grade had come to school with scratches on her face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student, identified in an arrest report only by her initials, “AP,” told police she lived with her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz, in nearby Woodlake. She said she had lived in a house that was frequently shot at, and that she was used to getting down on the floor and crawling to the back rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She did not know if her father was a gang member, and said he likes the color blue, has a tattoo on the back of his head with ‘CFM,’ and tattoos of a 1 and a 3 on each hand forming a 13,” an officer wrote in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The color blue and tattoos with the number 13 are common Sureño identifiers. The Sureños — or Southerners — are a network of street gangs that pledge loyalty to the Mexican Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report, “AP” said she saw her grandfather and father get arrested. She detailed physical abuse, including having her head slammed against a wall, being shoved into a closet and having chili rubbed in her mouth and eyes. She also told police she didn’t feel safe at home and hadn’t seen her mother in three years. Police and social workers immediately removed the student and her siblings from their father’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court records show Alissa’s father told police five months later he was a “Southerner” and a member of CFM, short for Crazy F—’ Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Martin Eulojio Parraz was sentenced to almost 18 years in prison for child abuse, and charges stemming from his role in a gas station robbery. That same year, according to a Tulare County court judgment, Pina was granted custody of Alissa and her siblings; they moved to Alturas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa was back in the Visalia area, living with her father’s side of the family, within about two years. Once again in Tulare County, she posted TikTok videos of herself lip-synching songs in a bedroom and choreographing dance moves with her cousin in a backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11948262 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial card for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz hangs at Antonio’s Cucina Italiana in Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shayne used the money he earned working at Antonio’s to buy bus tickets and pay for taxis so he could visit Alissa, and later Nycholas. Sometimes his parents drove him the 500 miles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s grandfather didn’t approve of her relationship with Shayne, and limited the time she could spend with him when he visited, Gensel said. According to Gensel, during one of the first visits, he verbally attacked Shayne because he was wearing the red hoodie he shared with Alissa, the one he later wore to her funeral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gensel said there was also tension between the families because she gave Alissa birth control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She always asked me to kidnap her or take her home with us,” Gensel said. “She didn’t want to be there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one visit, they circled the block while Alissa waved from the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was scared to leave the yard,” Gensel said. “She was scared her grandfather was going to see her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa’s aunt, Christina Castro, said Alissa had a special relationship with her grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had the cutest way she would say ‘graanpaa,’” said Castro, the mother of Marcos Parraz, who was also killed in the shooting. “She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days after Nycholas was born, Tulare County Child Welfare Services placed him in foster care. Boudreaux later told reporters Alissa wasn’t able to provide sufficient care. Alissa was allowed monthly, supervised visits until she was granted full custody on Jan. 13, he said.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Christina Castro, Alissa Parraz’s aunt\"]‘She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.’[/pullquote]The Maupins said they wanted Nycholas to live with them half of the time in Modoc County, but attorneys for Nycholas and Alissa believed nine hours in a car every two weeks would be inappropriate for an infant. Gensel recalled the drive back to Modoc County after the hearing as “sickening, quiet, long.” In the car, the Maupins talked about how they planned to return to Tulare County the following week for their first overnight visit with Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they were killed before we got that chance,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alissa’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@alissaparraz/video/7188731502912474414?_r=1&_t=8b3qjPLhc66\">last TikTok post\u003c/a> on Jan. 14, the words, “Who would sit at your grave the longest?” appeared on the screen, followed by photos of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the morning of Jan. 16, Shayne went to the lodge near the Maupins’ home where he could use the Wi-Fi, and tried calling Alissa. At the same time, a relative of Alissa’s came to the Maupins’ home and informed Shayne’s parents of the shooting. Gensel drove to the lodge and told Shayne to stop dialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no one on the other end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948249\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948249\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young man with short, brown hair and a red hoodie sits in a row among family inside a church where a funeral is being held for his partner and his baby who were killed in a mass shooting. His face is heartbroken.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin, the father of Nycholas, watches a slideshow of his late girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their child at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, on March 17, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For him to look at me and say, ‘Why, Mom?’ — to have to tell him his family was murdered, to watch his soul walk out of him — hurt so bad,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police records and Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ritchie, in the weeks leading up to the shooting, sheriff’s deputies and a parole officer had been to the house at least four times looking for Parraz, who had an active parole warrant. He was arrested hours after the mass shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 16, Parraz was indicted on federal charges of possession and intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin and being a felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We’re all lost’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Maupins live in a mobile home park on the edge of a reservoir about 15 minutes outside of Alturas. Aside from the lake, the nearby lodge and a few ranches, the neighborhood is surrounded by desert grass and open sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a day in late February, snow flurries fell on cars parked in the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the Maupins had set up an altar in the corner of their living room. A poster showed photos of Alissa and Nycholas, and a guardian angel candle had been placed next to an urn decorated with an image of trees in the fall. There was also a homemade Father’s Day card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days earlier, Alissa’s family members had shown up at a house where Shayne was hanging out with a friend, Gensel said. After Alissa’s and Nycholas’ deaths, Shayne had been given half of their ashes, and Alissa’s family members were demanding his half. Shayne didn’t go outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s relatives didn’t attend the funeral that Gensel organized at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas. Gensel streamed the service on Facebook for family and others who couldn’t attend. The photo slideshow had a technical glitch and had to be restarted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish Alissas’s family could have been here today. But they’re not. It hurts,” Gensel said onstage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne asked Gensel to keep the flowers from the funeral alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He barely eats,” Gensel said. “He’s just lost. We’re all lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1478px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A woman sits at a memorial site where her loved ones were shot and killed. Votive candles, purple and red bouquets, balloons, and a wooden cross are all positioned on a dirt sidewalk in front of a chain link fence. The woman sits on an abandoned mattress as she stares solemnly at the display.\" width=\"1478\" height=\"1142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg 1478w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-160x124.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1478px) 100vw, 1478px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valerie Gensel visits a memorial at the site where Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz were shot and killed in Goshen, on April 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Gensel and their daughter stood where Alissa’s and Nycholas’ bodies were found. They cleared some of the dried grass and adjusted a small, leaning wooden cross so it stood upright. They added an Easter sign, photos and purple, blue, red and white artificial flowers next to the votive candles and bouquets that had dried in the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New cellophane balloons tied to the cross bobbed in the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone that knew what was going on in that house is at fault because we all could have came together and fought for them,” Gensel said. “But we all failed them. Just not the system, but all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In January, 16-year-old Alissa Parraz and her 10-month-old son, Nycholas, were slain in a gang-related mass shooting in the Central Valley town of Goshen. Their family wants to know why the two were allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1683159381,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":85,"wordCount":3718},"headData":{"title":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers | KQED","description":"In January, 16-year-old Alissa Parraz and her 10-month-old son, Nycholas, were slain in a gang-related mass shooting in the Central Valley town of Goshen. Their family wants to know why the two were allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"A Teen Mother and Her Baby Were Murdered in a Gang-Related Shooting. Their Family Wants Answers","datePublished":"2023-05-03T13:00:39.000Z","dateModified":"2023-05-04T00:16:21.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"authorsData":[{"type":"authors","id":"11490","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11490","found":true},"name":"Alex Hall","firstName":"Alex","lastName":"Hall","slug":"ahall","email":"ahall@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"KQED Enterprise & Accountability Reporter","bio":"Alex Hall is KQED's Enterprise and Accountability Reporter. She previously covered the Central Valley for five years from KQED's bureau in Fresno. Before joining KQED, Alex was an investigative reporting fellow at Wisconsin Public Radio and the Wisconsin Center for Investigative Journalism. She has also worked as a bilingual producer for NPR's investigative unit and freelance video producer for Reuters TV on the Latin America desk. She got her start in journalism in South America, where she worked as a radio producer and Spanish-English translator for CNN Chile. Her documentary and investigation into the series of deadly COVID-19 outbreaks at Foster Farms won a national Edward R. Murrow award and was named an Investigative Reporters & Editors award finalist. Alex's reporting for Reveal on the Wisconsin dairy industry's reliance on undocumented immigrant labor was made into a film, Los Lecheros, which won a regional Edward R. Murrow award for best news documentary.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"@chalexhall","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Alex Hall | KQED","description":"KQED Enterprise & Accountability Reporter","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/defcbeb88b0bf591ff9af41f22644051?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/ahall"}],"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/043_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"height":680,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/043_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"height":680,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"},"tagData":{"tags":["California","Central Valley","criminal justice","gangs","Goshen","gun violence","mass shooting","mass shootings","Modoc County"]}},"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11948187/california-teen-mother-baby-murdered-gang-related-mass-shooting","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">S\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>hayne Maupin sat in the front row of the church staring stoically at the projector screen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Photos of his girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their infant son, Nycholas, ticked by: Nycholas playing in a laundry basket, looking up at the camera; Nycholas tucked into his car seat; and Shayne holding hands with Alissa in the snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne, 18, wiped his eyes with the sleeve of a red hoodie he had shared with Alissa. He didn’t know their time together as a family would be so brief.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Blue, orange and yellow flowers were arranged on the altar next to a framed photo of Alissa holding Nycholas. Also on the altar: an urn, and plastic children’s toys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Shayne’s father, rubbed his son’s head to comfort him before walking onstage to address the funeral audience. He was struggling, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m grateful that my son had fell in love,” he said through tears. “I just wish it would have lasted longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man at a podium inside a church memorial service speaks with a projected photo of a young couple and their baby behind him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64895_105_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr., father of Shayne Maupin, speaks during the funeral service for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa, 16, and 10-month-old Nycholas were slain Jan. 16 in a mass shooting in Goshen, an unincorporated community bisected by railroad tracks along Highway 99 west of Visalia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the first of 13 days of gun violence that rocked California. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101891960/monterey-park-reeling-after-lunar-new-year-massacre\">In Monterey Park\u003c/a>, 11 people died at a dance studio on Jan. 21; the suspected gunman also died, from a self-inflicted gunshot wound. On Jan. 23, seven people were gunned down at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11939064/at-least-7-killed-in-half-moon-bay-shooting\">two Half Moon Bay farms\u003c/a>. In Goshen, the violence and concerns about possible cartel involvement shocked neighbors into silence, fearful of retaliation. Almost four months later, loved ones of the victims are still trying to piece together what happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers responding to a 911 call on the morning of Jan. 16 immediately found the bodies of Alissa and Nycholas in the street in front of the house where she lived with family. Both were shot in the back of the head, and were the last to be killed in a massacre that claimed six lives. A neighbor recalled seeing Alissa’s body in the predawn light next to an abandoned child’s mattress on the curb.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948218\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948218\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A row of mourning family members, from teens to older males, sit inside a church. One bows their head with a sad expression as they listen to speakers during a funeral service for their loved ones who've died.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64362_059_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Family and friends of Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz listen to speakers during the funeral service. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In surveillance video shown at a police press conference, Alissa is seen running from the house with Nycholas in her arms. She drops him on the other side of a fence before hoisting herself over a chain-link gate. One of the two gunmen follows her, a rifle in his hands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nycholas, who was in foster care for most of his life, had been reunited with Alissa just three days earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of Alissa’s other family members also died in the shooting, including her grandmother, Jennifer Analla; great-grandmother, Rosa Parraz; great-uncle, Eladio Parraz Jr.; and cousin, Marcos Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement were familiar with the Harvest Avenue house, Tulare County Sheriff Mike Boudreaux told reporters. Deputies executed a search warrant there on Jan. 3. According to Boudreaux, at least two people in the family were Sureño gang members. He said both gunmen were members of the rival Norteño gang and had targeted the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Noah Beard, 25, of Visalia, and Angel Uriarte, 35, of Goshen, were arrested and charged with six counts of murder with special circumstances, among other charges. Both pleaded not guilty.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11947532","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/04/GettyImages-1252149086-1020x680.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Valerie Gensel, Shayne’s mother, said no social worker or representative from the sheriff’s office called to notify Shayne of Nycholas’ death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Not one cop,” she told KQED. “Nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ashley Ritchie said detectives, who were focused on catching the killers, did not immediately know Nycholas’ identity or the identity of his father.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For months before the shooting, Gensel said, she had concerns about Alissa’s living situation and her grandfather, Martin Pena Parraz, who sometimes stayed at the Harvest Avenue property. Gensel said he had threatened Shayne’s father and verbally attacked Shayne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s deputies conducting a parole compliance check on Parraz on Jan. 3 found his brother, Eladio Parraz Jr., at the house instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Martin and his brother Eladio Parraz are documented Sureño gang members in Tulare County,” a sheriff’s deputy wrote in a report reviewed by KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police, a search of a trailer on the property belonging to Parraz Jr. turned up an AR-style rifle with no serial number, a shotgun, a handgun, ammunition, methamphetamine, pipes for smoking meth, body armor and 10 bags of marijuana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948215\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948215\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A man's hand holds a cell phone that displays a photo of himself with a teenage girl and her baby boy who clutches a baby blanket.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64482_004_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Lee Maupin Jr. displays a photo on his cellphone of one of the family’s only visits with his grandson, Nycholas Parraz, in late November 2022. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa and another minor, whose name in the report is redacted, were at the house at the time of the search. Deputies did not contact Child Welfare Services because, according to Ritchie, the drugs and guns were found in the trailer and not in the house, where the minors were. The trailer, one of two on the property, was a “completely different residence from where Alissa was living,” Ritchie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law enforcement is required to report suspected child abuse or neglect under the \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/sites/all/files/agweb/pdfs/info_bulletins/2020-dle-17.pdf?\">Child Abuse and Neglect Reporting Act\u003c/a>. When asked about the search, Carrie Monteiro, public information officer for the Tulare County Health and Human Services Agency, which includes Child Welfare Services, pointed to the law. She declined to answer questions about the case, citing confidentiality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a Jan. 13 juvenile court hearing, according to Gensel, a judge decided Nycholas would be returned to live with Alissa full-time in the house. In a March 7 Facebook post, Gensel wrote that Nycholas and Alissa were “failed badly” by law enforcement and the county’s child protection agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now,” she wrote, referencing the Maupins’ desire for Shayne and Alissa to share custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948252\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948252\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A memorial display set up for a teenage mother and her baby boy is pictured. Candles, photos and baby toys are a part of the memorial.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64483_006_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An altar set up in the corner of the Maupins’ living room displays photos of Alissa and Nycholas, baby toys and other mementos, on Feb. 22, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the funeral on March 17, relatives, co-workers and friends of the Maupins gathered inside Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, a small town in the remote, high desert of upstate California where Alissa lived before moving to the Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The family wanted answers. Why were Nycholas and Alissa allowed to remain in a home known to law enforcement for gang activity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was no reason to kill [Nycholas],” said Shayne’s grandfather Jim Lee Maupin Sr., who traveled to the service from Oklahoma, where the family has its roots in the Peoria Tribe. “He couldn’t have said a word about them. Even if they let him live, he ain’t going to be able to point them out.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘Only if the judge [listened] to me my grandson would still be here and my son wouldn’t be heartbroken or lost like he is right now.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Valerie Gensel, Shayne Maupin’s mother","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Micki Witzel, Shayne’s great-aunt, was distraught.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They really need answers to why this even happened,” she said through sobs. “They should never have put that baby back in that house.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the shooting, the Maupins said, they had been confronted by Alissa’s family. Some of Alissa’s relatives who live in Alturas appeared at the park where the Maupins were gathered on what would have been Nycholas’ first birthday. It was March 1, and the solemn balloon release was disrupted by revving engines and spinning tires, according to Gensel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It left her questioning how Alissa ended up in Goshen in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have did anything for her if [Child Welfare Services] or the courts asked us if she could stay with us,” Gensel told KQED after the funeral. “We would have opened our arms and our doors to her. We would have gave her [the] life that she wanted and needed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘She didn’t want to be there’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alturas is the seat of Modoc County in the northeastern corner of the state. Bordering Oregon and Nevada, Modoc is one of the state’s least populated counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At over 4,000 feet above sea level, Alturas and its desert brush and grazing livestock are covered by a fine snow in winter. Deer meander into yards with pristine views of the snow-capped Warner Mountains. “Where the West Still Lives” is the Alturas motto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948217\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948217\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg\" alt='A large, wooden sign in the middle of yellow grass and brush reads \"Welcome to Alturas: Where the West Still Lives.\" A snowy mountain range is seen in the background and a semi truck drives down a country road. Snow is melted on the ground and telephone poles dot the road.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64317_006_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A semi-truck drives past a sign advertising businesses in Alturas on March 17, 2023, with the Warner Mountains in the background. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At Antonio’s Cucina Italiana, where Shayne once worked, a funeral program was tacked to a bulletin board. A former co-worker recalled Shayne frequently on the phone in the evenings talking about getting custody of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was in this town of 2,700 people that Shayne and Alissa met. They were introduced by Shayne’s younger brother. Shayne, who declined to be interviewed for this story, was 15 and Alissa had just turned 14.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day after the funeral, Gensel fondly recalled memories of Alissa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She liked to play. She liked to dress up Shayne,” Gensel, a traveling certified nursing assistant, said of the girl she described as bright and shy. “They’d go to the park to walk. [They’d] have little snacks to take with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948290\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1710px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948290\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young couple walks in the snow holding hands with their backs toward the camera.\" width=\"1710\" height=\"1139\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut.jpg 1710w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64891_003_CourtesyPhoto_ShayneAlissa_Undated-qut-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1710px) 100vw, 1710px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin and Alissa Parraz walk through Alturas while holding hands in an undated photo. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The memories flooded back to Gensel, 44, who spoke to KQED at a lodge near her home: Alissa and Shayne jumping on the trampoline in the snow, and Alissa nibbling on snacks “like a little bird” because she was too shy to eat in front of the family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s adolescence was marked by repeated shuffles among family members in Alturas and the Central Valley, 500 miles away. Police records reviewed by KQED show she had trouble at school: In October 2020, she and another female student fought. Alissa punched the other student several times, according to an incident report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had a sassy attitude. Her mom told me that I wouldn’t be able to handle her,” Gensel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa learned she was pregnant in the summer of 2021. Soon after, she moved to Tulare County to live with her father’s family, Gensel said. Exactly why remains unclear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Gensel, Alissa’s mother, Shyla Pina, told her that the juvenile court system required Alissa to live with her grandparents after she spent time in juvenile detention for fighting with her younger sister while holding another sibling. But Gensel believes Pina, an Alturas resident, chose to send Alissa away after learning about the pregnancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948291\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948291\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Deer in the country.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64410_016_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A deer stands near downtown Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“She never wanted to go down there,” Gensel said. “That was her first words — ‘I don’t want to leave, I don’t want to go.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pina declined to be interviewed. When reached on Facebook, she ignored a reporter’s question seeking clarity about how Alissa came to live in Goshen with her grandparents. Instead, she wrote: “My daughter is very smart and loving yes she had her ups and down[s] with everything that has happened to her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Attempts to reach other family members were unsuccessful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Juvenile courts do send minors to live with family members in other counties in certain situations — for example, the court determining a minor is a danger to their family, or a minor’s living situation is unsafe, Modoc County Chief Probation Officer Stephen Svetich said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we find that they need to be placed out of home, they could be placed anywhere else in the state,” Svetich said in a phone interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948269\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Brown and black cows are pictured on a snow-covered field.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64419_007_KQED_AlexHall_AlturasCalifornia_02222023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A herd of cattle in a snow-covered field near Alturas, on Feb. 23, 2023. \u003ccite>(Alex Hall/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Alissa had lived in Tulare County as a child. Documents obtained by KQED reveal that in September 2017, a Tulare County court issued a protective order barring contact between Alissa and her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Sept. 6, 2017, a police officer responding to a report of suspected child abuse at Freedom Elementary School in Farmersville, a small town east of Visalia, was told an 11-year-old female student in the sixth grade had come to school with scratches on her face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The student, identified in an arrest report only by her initials, “AP,” told police she lived with her father, Martin Eulojio Parraz, in nearby Woodlake. She said she had lived in a house that was frequently shot at, and that she was used to getting down on the floor and crawling to the back rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She did not know if her father was a gang member, and said he likes the color blue, has a tattoo on the back of his head with ‘CFM,’ and tattoos of a 1 and a 3 on each hand forming a 13,” an officer wrote in the report.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The color blue and tattoos with the number 13 are common Sureño identifiers. The Sureños — or Southerners — are a network of street gangs that pledge loyalty to the Mexican Mafia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the report, “AP” said she saw her grandfather and father get arrested. She detailed physical abuse, including having her head slammed against a wall, being shoved into a closet and having chili rubbed in her mouth and eyes. She also told police she didn’t feel safe at home and hadn’t seen her mother in three years. Police and social workers immediately removed the student and her siblings from their father’s home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Court records show Alissa’s father told police five months later he was a “Southerner” and a member of CFM, short for Crazy F—’ Mexicans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2019, Martin Eulojio Parraz was sentenced to almost 18 years in prison for child abuse, and charges stemming from his role in a gas station robbery. That same year, according to a Tulare County court judgment, Pina was granted custody of Alissa and her siblings; they moved to Alturas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa was back in the Visalia area, living with her father’s side of the family, within about two years. Once again in Tulare County, she posted TikTok videos of herself lip-synching songs in a bedroom and choreographing dance moves with her cousin in a backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948262\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11948262 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64407_014_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03182023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A memorial card for Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz hangs at Antonio’s Cucina Italiana in Alturas, on March 18, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Shayne used the money he earned working at Antonio’s to buy bus tickets and pay for taxis so he could visit Alissa, and later Nycholas. Sometimes his parents drove him the 500 miles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s grandfather didn’t approve of her relationship with Shayne, and limited the time she could spend with him when he visited, Gensel said. According to Gensel, during one of the first visits, he verbally attacked Shayne because he was wearing the red hoodie he shared with Alissa, the one he later wore to her funeral.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gensel said there was also tension between the families because she gave Alissa birth control.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She always asked me to kidnap her or take her home with us,” Gensel said. “She didn’t want to be there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one visit, they circled the block while Alissa waved from the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She was scared to leave the yard,” Gensel said. “She was scared her grandfather was going to see her.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Alissa’s aunt, Christina Castro, said Alissa had a special relationship with her grandfather.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She had the cutest way she would say ‘graanpaa,’” said Castro, the mother of Marcos Parraz, who was also killed in the shooting. “She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three days after Nycholas was born, Tulare County Child Welfare Services placed him in foster care. Boudreaux later told reporters Alissa wasn’t able to provide sufficient care. Alissa was allowed monthly, supervised visits until she was granted full custody on Jan. 13, he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘She was sweet, funny, beautiful, outspoken, confident and full of pride. She was all that and more, and proud to be a Parraz and a young mother.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Christina Castro, Alissa Parraz’s aunt","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Maupins said they wanted Nycholas to live with them half of the time in Modoc County, but attorneys for Nycholas and Alissa believed nine hours in a car every two weeks would be inappropriate for an infant. Gensel recalled the drive back to Modoc County after the hearing as “sickening, quiet, long.” In the car, the Maupins talked about how they planned to return to Tulare County the following week for their first overnight visit with Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But they were killed before we got that chance,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alissa’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@alissaparraz/video/7188731502912474414?_r=1&_t=8b3qjPLhc66\">last TikTok post\u003c/a> on Jan. 14, the words, “Who would sit at your grave the longest?” appeared on the screen, followed by photos of Nycholas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the morning of Jan. 16, Shayne went to the lodge near the Maupins’ home where he could use the Wi-Fi, and tried calling Alissa. At the same time, a relative of Alissa’s came to the Maupins’ home and informed Shayne’s parents of the shooting. Gensel drove to the lodge and told Shayne to stop dialing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was no one on the other end.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948249\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948249\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A young man with short, brown hair and a red hoodie sits in a row among family inside a church where a funeral is being held for his partner and his baby who were killed in a mass shooting. His face is heartbroken.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64357_050_KQED_AlturasCalifornia_03172023-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shayne Maupin, the father of Nycholas, watches a slideshow of his late girlfriend, Alissa Parraz, and their child at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas, on March 17, 2023. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“For him to look at me and say, ‘Why, Mom?’ — to have to tell him his family was murdered, to watch his soul walk out of him — hurt so bad,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to police records and Tulare County Sheriff’s Office spokesperson Ritchie, in the weeks leading up to the shooting, sheriff’s deputies and a parole officer had been to the house at least four times looking for Parraz, who had an active parole warrant. He was arrested hours after the mass shooting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 16, Parraz was indicted on federal charges of possession and intent to distribute methamphetamine and heroin and being a felon in possession of a firearm and ammunition.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘We’re all lost’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Maupins live in a mobile home park on the edge of a reservoir about 15 minutes outside of Alturas. Aside from the lake, the nearby lodge and a few ranches, the neighborhood is surrounded by desert grass and open sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a day in late February, snow flurries fell on cars parked in the driveway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside, the Maupins had set up an altar in the corner of their living room. A poster showed photos of Alissa and Nycholas, and a guardian angel candle had been placed next to an urn decorated with an image of trees in the fall. There was also a homemade Father’s Day card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Days earlier, Alissa’s family members had shown up at a house where Shayne was hanging out with a friend, Gensel said. After Alissa’s and Nycholas’ deaths, Shayne had been given half of their ashes, and Alissa’s family members were demanding his half. Shayne didn’t go outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alissa’s relatives didn’t attend the funeral that Gensel organized at Faith Baptist Church in Alturas. Gensel streamed the service on Facebook for family and others who couldn’t attend. The photo slideshow had a technical glitch and had to be restarted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wish Alissas’s family could have been here today. But they’re not. It hurts,” Gensel said onstage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shayne asked Gensel to keep the flowers from the funeral alive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He barely eats,” Gensel said. “He’s just lost. We’re all lost.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11948216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1478px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11948216\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"A woman sits at a memorial site where her loved ones were shot and killed. Votive candles, purple and red bouquets, balloons, and a wooden cross are all positioned on a dirt sidewalk in front of a chain link fence. The woman sits on an abandoned mattress as she stares solemnly at the display.\" width=\"1478\" height=\"1142\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1.jpg 1478w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/05/RS64434_002_image_ValerieGensel-qut-1-160x124.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1478px) 100vw, 1478px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Valerie Gensel visits a memorial at the site where Alissa Parraz and Nycholas Parraz were shot and killed in Goshen, on April 6, 2023. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Valerie Gensel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On a recent afternoon, Jim Lee Maupin Jr., Gensel and their daughter stood where Alissa’s and Nycholas’ bodies were found. They cleared some of the dried grass and adjusted a small, leaning wooden cross so it stood upright. They added an Easter sign, photos and purple, blue, red and white artificial flowers next to the votive candles and bouquets that had dried in the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New cellophane balloons tied to the cross bobbed in the wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone that knew what was going on in that house is at fault because we all could have came together and fought for them,” Gensel said. “But we all failed them. Just not the system, but all of us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11948187/california-teen-mother-baby-murdered-gang-related-mass-shooting","authors":["11490"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_32704","news_18538","news_311","news_17725","news_86","news_29927","news_18246","news_21721","news_18939","news_3885"],"featImg":"news_11948214","label":"news","isLoading":false,"hasAllInfo":true}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. 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But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. 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