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"content": "\u003cp>A blaring alarm woke Cian Dawson early Thursday morning. It was the MyShake phone app, alerting him to a 5.1 magnitude \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078438/4-6-magnitude-earthquake-in-santa-cruz-mountains-shakes-bay-area-awake\">earthquake\u003c/a> about to rock the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson stayed in bed, thinking he wouldn’t have enough time to get under a table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few seconds later, the Berkeley resident’s room began to shake. “It made more sense to me to stay where I was,” Dawson told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tremor \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc75337442/dyfi/responses\">near Boulder Creek\u003c/a> prompted the \u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/\">MyShake phone app\u003c/a> and local agencies to alert hundreds of thousands of residents across the greater Bay Area and Central Coast. The USGS later downgraded the quake to a 4.6. More than 10,000 people reported the quake in the app, saying they felt light to moderate shaking, and there were two reports of destroyed buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the relatively moderate-sized quake and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12066087/the-m5-9-earthquake-alert-that-startled-the-bay-area-this-morning-was-a-false-alarm\">false alarm issued by the app\u003c/a> last year, some Bay Area residents have questioned whether agencies issue too many warnings and whether these alerts really make us safer. But seismologists argue they are important for protecting the public in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson said there needs to be more outreach about how seriously to take the messaging, because people are beginning to train themselves to ignore the alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ‘boy who cries wolf’ is a great way to describe people’s response when they don’t understand what the alert actually means,” Dawson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000581 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Big Basin Redwoods State Park on Nov. 5, 2020. \u003ccite>(Carolyn Cole/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Angie Lux, a scientist specializing in earthquake early warnings at the UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, said she thought the alert worked well, as it reached its ultimate goal of protecting lives and reducing injuries. Lux said the alert is sent to everyone at once, and the further you are away from the epicenter, the longer you will have to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the people that are right next to the epicenter, they’re not going to receive much warning,” Lux said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evan Hirakawa lives in Scott’s Valley, just a few miles away from the source of Thursday’s quake. The USGS research geophysicist said he felt the quake first, then his phone pinged.[aside postID=news_11999982 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/MyShakeUCBerkeley-1020x679.jpg']“It was pretty intense at my house,” Hirakawa said. “The shake alert kind of worked, but it was too close for it to really benefit me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirakawa said there’s evidence that indicates the earthquake likely took place on a fault that hasn’t ruptured in a long time — the Zayante Fault in Santa Cruz County, which sits roughly between two major fault systems: the San Andreas and the San Gregorio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have [Zayante] labeled in our databases as maybe it’s inactive now,” Hirakawa said. “It was active thousands of years ago, but we haven’t seen a lot of historical earthquakes on it.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this shaking may seem like an outlier, Hirakawa said he doesn’t think Thursday’s quake “is a foreshock to something bigger.” But, he said, it’s still worth paying attention to early warning messages, because doing so might just be “life-saving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that so many people who felt the earthquake got the alert this morning is a good sign that the early warning stuff is at least working,” Hirakwa said. “It will be unfortunate when it happens, but the system will only be tested when there’s a large, destructive earthquake. That’s when it’s going to matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco resident Anthony Costello slept through the alert but woke to the jostling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just like, ‘Oh, girl, shut up, and just rolled over,’” Costello said, who has lived in the region for eight years. “I think my sensitivity to quakes is starting to increase a little bit and also my general anxiety with quakes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_524199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1373px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-524199 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured.png\" alt=\"U.C. Berkeley's MyShake app could be the first step toward earthquake warnings on your phone.\" width=\"1373\" height=\"795\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured.png 1373w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-400x232.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-800x463.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-768x445.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-1180x683.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-960x556.png 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1373px) 100vw, 1373px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MyShake alerts users to earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or higher, though residents in places like San Ramon have reported feeling smaller quakes during a swarm that has persisted for months. \u003ccite>(Berkeley Seismological Laboratory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even still, Costello said early warnings are so important because the larger the quake, the more time you’re going to need to make sure you’re safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menlo Park resident Stephanie Lucianovic also went back to sleep after a local warning prompted her phone to go off. In the morning, she discussed the quakes with her kids. She’s considering downloading the MyShake app, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m interested in knowing all the information, but I don’t think I’d want to have it be a loud warning every time there was some minor earthquake,” Lucianovic said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, MyShake alerts users when there’s a 4.5-magnitude earthquake or higher, which doesn’t discount the experience of people who feel smaller quakes, like in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/2000505/new-web-of-sensors-aims-to-pinpoint-san-ramon-earthquake-source\">San Ramon\u003c/a>, where a swarm of smaller quakes has been occurring for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t make everybody happy,” Lux said. “Some people are going to feel it, some people may not, but we’re there to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A blaring alarm woke Cian Dawson early Thursday morning. It was the MyShake phone app, alerting him to a 5.1 magnitude \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078438/4-6-magnitude-earthquake-in-santa-cruz-mountains-shakes-bay-area-awake\">earthquake\u003c/a> about to rock the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson stayed in bed, thinking he wouldn’t have enough time to get under a table.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few seconds later, the Berkeley resident’s room began to shake. “It made more sense to me to stay where I was,” Dawson told KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tremor \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc75337442/dyfi/responses\">near Boulder Creek\u003c/a> prompted the \u003ca href=\"https://myshake.berkeley.edu/\">MyShake phone app\u003c/a> and local agencies to alert hundreds of thousands of residents across the greater Bay Area and Central Coast. The USGS later downgraded the quake to a 4.6. More than 10,000 people reported the quake in the app, saying they felt light to moderate shaking, and there were two reports of destroyed buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In light of the relatively moderate-sized quake and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12066087/the-m5-9-earthquake-alert-that-startled-the-bay-area-this-morning-was-a-false-alarm\">false alarm issued by the app\u003c/a> last year, some Bay Area residents have questioned whether agencies issue too many warnings and whether these alerts really make us safer. But seismologists argue they are important for protecting the public in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dawson said there needs to be more outreach about how seriously to take the messaging, because people are beginning to train themselves to ignore the alerts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The ‘boy who cries wolf’ is a great way to describe people’s response when they don’t understand what the alert actually means,” Dawson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000581\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000581 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/BoulderCreekSantaCruzGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Big Basin Redwoods State Park on Nov. 5, 2020. \u003ccite>(Carolyn Cole/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Angie Lux, a scientist specializing in earthquake early warnings at the UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, said she thought the alert worked well, as it reached its ultimate goal of protecting lives and reducing injuries. Lux said the alert is sent to everyone at once, and the further you are away from the epicenter, the longer you will have to act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the people that are right next to the epicenter, they’re not going to receive much warning,” Lux said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evan Hirakawa lives in Scott’s Valley, just a few miles away from the source of Thursday’s quake. The USGS research geophysicist said he felt the quake first, then his phone pinged.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It was pretty intense at my house,” Hirakawa said. “The shake alert kind of worked, but it was too close for it to really benefit me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hirakawa said there’s evidence that indicates the earthquake likely took place on a fault that hasn’t ruptured in a long time — the Zayante Fault in Santa Cruz County, which sits roughly between two major fault systems: the San Andreas and the San Gregorio.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have [Zayante] labeled in our databases as maybe it’s inactive now,” Hirakawa said. “It was active thousands of years ago, but we haven’t seen a lot of historical earthquakes on it.\u003cem>”\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While this shaking may seem like an outlier, Hirakawa said he doesn’t think Thursday’s quake “is a foreshock to something bigger.” But, he said, it’s still worth paying attention to early warning messages, because doing so might just be “life-saving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fact that so many people who felt the earthquake got the alert this morning is a good sign that the early warning stuff is at least working,” Hirakwa said. “It will be unfortunate when it happens, but the system will only be tested when there’s a large, destructive earthquake. That’s when it’s going to matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Francisco resident Anthony Costello slept through the alert but woke to the jostling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just like, ‘Oh, girl, shut up, and just rolled over,’” Costello said, who has lived in the region for eight years. “I think my sensitivity to quakes is starting to increase a little bit and also my general anxiety with quakes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_524199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1373px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-524199 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured.png\" alt=\"U.C. Berkeley's MyShake app could be the first step toward earthquake warnings on your phone.\" width=\"1373\" height=\"795\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured.png 1373w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-400x232.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-800x463.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-768x445.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-1180x683.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/02/MyShake_scrgrab_featured-960x556.png 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1373px) 100vw, 1373px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MyShake alerts users to earthquakes of magnitude 4.5 or higher, though residents in places like San Ramon have reported feeling smaller quakes during a swarm that has persisted for months. \u003ccite>(Berkeley Seismological Laboratory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Even still, Costello said early warnings are so important because the larger the quake, the more time you’re going to need to make sure you’re safe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menlo Park resident Stephanie Lucianovic also went back to sleep after a local warning prompted her phone to go off. In the morning, she discussed the quakes with her kids. She’s considering downloading the MyShake app, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m interested in knowing all the information, but I don’t think I’d want to have it be a loud warning every time there was some minor earthquake,” Lucianovic said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Luckily, MyShake alerts users when there’s a 4.5-magnitude earthquake or higher, which doesn’t discount the experience of people who feel smaller quakes, like in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/2000505/new-web-of-sensors-aims-to-pinpoint-san-ramon-earthquake-source\">San Ramon\u003c/a>, where a swarm of smaller quakes has been occurring for months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We can’t make everybody happy,” Lux said. “Some people are going to feel it, some people may not, but we’re there to help.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/2000354/read-with-kqed-the-book-that-changed-how-we-see-nature\">\u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em>\u003c/a> is one of those books where many people think they know what it says, have opinions about it, even if they haven’t read it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a science book that, when you sit down and crack it open, surprises you with its technical, but compelling, depth. Carson is an extremely skilled writer. And the book changed the world, opening eyes to patterns and consequences that had been hidden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’re now in a time when its lessons are more important than ever: the Make America Healthy Again movement has swept to power in this country with calls for less chemical use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superficially, MAHA and its figurehead Robert F. Kennedy Jr. — whose uncle John F. Kennedy, as president, used his administration to defend Carson against the chemical industry’s attacks — appear to share intellectual tenets with \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em>: a skepticism of corporate power, concern over environmental toxins, and industrial influence over public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But RFK., Jr. has attacked vaccines. And the Trump administration has taken a soft line on regulating pesticides. It’s hard to imagine that Carson would agree, and a close reading of her book can remind us: chemical impacts travel far beyond their intended use, and what the data actually says matters enormously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000547\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000547\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Berkeley Environmental Law professor Claudia Polsky will join KQED to talk about Silent Spring at the Night of Ideas on April 11, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of UC Berkeley Law)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Join KQED for a discussion of \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em> and its legacy and lessons for us on April 11 at the San Francisco Public Library as part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/6104\">Night of Ideas\u003c/a>, at 7:30 p.m. inside the Periodical Room. Don’t worry if you haven’t read the book yet. Come just as you are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discussion will shine a spotlight on the work of Claudia Polsky, the founding director of the Environmental Law Clinic at UC Berkeley, who is a guest for the discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rachel Carson’s book pointed at ways to engage people,” Polsky said, “how you engage people who care about pets, people who are bird watchers, people who care about what’s in breast milk they’re feeding to their children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carson explored how manufactured chemicals found in the environment were appearing in wildlife, in household pets and in our bodies, like no other writer had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polsky, in her own work, partly inspired by Carson, has spent years protecting vulnerable people and communities from harmful chemicals. She has represented communities contaminated by PFAs, stubborn “forever chemicals” used to make food packaging, nonstick pans, waterproof materials that don’t break down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a deputy attorney general for California, she helped get formaldehyde-laden Brazilian blowout chemicals – which leave hair with a glossy sheen – off the market here by demonstrating the carcinogen was sickening and disabling salon workers. She worked on policies to reduce the risks associated with pesticides and industrial chemicals at the Department of Toxic Substances Control in Sacramento. Most recently, she successfully \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-06-25/trump-lawsuit-university-of-california-researchers\">led a legal fight against the Trump administration\u003c/a> to restore hundreds of millions in canceled research funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite her differences with the Trump administration, Polsky has compassion for some of the MAHA movement’s concerns. She said it has a “good intuition” for the ways in which the public lacks health protections, as well as the government’s “insufficient focus” on broad-level public health and prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although she points out that the level of skepticism about vaccine safety backed by RFK Jr. lacks empirical support and is unjustified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Polsky’s work, however, she seeks to find ways to connect people across political divides. She has a book project in her sights that would focus on how environmental concerns can be detected within human bodies, such as in breast milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to write for Bernie Sanders and Kamala Harris voters,” she said. “I actually want to write something that speaks to the incredible political horseshoe I’ve seen around issues of human exposure to chemicals … I feel there’s a huge opportunity here once we can get past this hyperpartisan moment.”[aside postID=science_2000234 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/Condors1.jpg'] Some people have criticized \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em> and Rachel Carson for fostering intense fear of chemicals in a way that has partially led to our anti-science moment. People attribute to her a call for a ban on all pesticides. Polsky said \u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/crazy-lies-haters-threw-at-rachel-carson-25183450/\">laying these critiques at Carson’s door\u003c/a> is unfounded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we can attribute to her the fact that people have over-read what she said and what she testified in Congress. She actually did not call for a ban on pesticides. She said they have their place. It’s much narrower than how they’re deployed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carson encouraged saving DDT – the pesticide she’s most associated with – to control malarial outbreaks. That doesn’t stop her detractors from attributing malarial deaths to her, and by extension, seeking to undermine the case for environmental regulations altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women, especially, who raise concerns about environmental chemicals are criticized and called hysterical or emotional or over-invested in the issue. This was true of Carson, too, who died of breast cancer in 1964, two years after the book was published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She testified about pesticides in front of Congress after a double mastectomy, which I find incredibly poignant,” Polsky said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wore a wig to hide the fact that she had cancer so that [her testimony] wouldn’t be seen as a personal vendetta, which is just so heartbreaking. The idea that if you’re personally affected, you’re seen as unable to make sense of the data rather than as having the highest possible stake in ensuring that people understand the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A more serious issue than people being over-worried about what manufactured chemicals are doing to themselves and their surroundings, Polsky said, is that they don’t seem to be worried enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superficially, MAHA and its figurehead Robert F. Kennedy Jr. — whose uncle John F. Kennedy, as president, used his administration to defend Carson against the chemical industry’s attacks — appear to share intellectual tenets with \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em>: a skepticism of corporate power, concern over environmental toxins, and industrial influence over public health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But RFK., Jr. has attacked vaccines. And the Trump administration has taken a soft line on regulating pesticides. It’s hard to imagine that Carson would agree, and a close reading of her book can remind us: chemical impacts travel far beyond their intended use, and what the data actually says matters enormously.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000547\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000547\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1200\" height=\"1800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019-768x1152.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/04/polsky_claudia_2019-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">UC Berkeley Environmental Law professor Claudia Polsky will join KQED to talk about Silent Spring at the Night of Ideas on April 11, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of UC Berkeley Law)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Join KQED for a discussion of \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em> and its legacy and lessons for us on April 11 at the San Francisco Public Library as part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/6104\">Night of Ideas\u003c/a>, at 7:30 p.m. inside the Periodical Room. Don’t worry if you haven’t read the book yet. Come just as you are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The discussion will shine a spotlight on the work of Claudia Polsky, the founding director of the Environmental Law Clinic at UC Berkeley, who is a guest for the discussion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Rachel Carson’s book pointed at ways to engage people,” Polsky said, “how you engage people who care about pets, people who are bird watchers, people who care about what’s in breast milk they’re feeding to their children.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carson explored how manufactured chemicals found in the environment were appearing in wildlife, in household pets and in our bodies, like no other writer had.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Polsky, in her own work, partly inspired by Carson, has spent years protecting vulnerable people and communities from harmful chemicals. She has represented communities contaminated by PFAs, stubborn “forever chemicals” used to make food packaging, nonstick pans, waterproof materials that don’t break down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a deputy attorney general for California, she helped get formaldehyde-laden Brazilian blowout chemicals – which leave hair with a glossy sheen – off the market here by demonstrating the carcinogen was sickening and disabling salon workers. She worked on policies to reduce the risks associated with pesticides and industrial chemicals at the Department of Toxic Substances Control in Sacramento. Most recently, she successfully \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-06-25/trump-lawsuit-university-of-california-researchers\">led a legal fight against the Trump administration\u003c/a> to restore hundreds of millions in canceled research funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite her differences with the Trump administration, Polsky has compassion for some of the MAHA movement’s concerns. She said it has a “good intuition” for the ways in which the public lacks health protections, as well as the government’s “insufficient focus” on broad-level public health and prevention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although she points out that the level of skepticism about vaccine safety backed by RFK Jr. lacks empirical support and is unjustified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Polsky’s work, however, she seeks to find ways to connect people across political divides. She has a book project in her sights that would focus on how environmental concerns can be detected within human bodies, such as in breast milk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to write for Bernie Sanders and Kamala Harris voters,” she said. “I actually want to write something that speaks to the incredible political horseshoe I’ve seen around issues of human exposure to chemicals … I feel there’s a huge opportunity here once we can get past this hyperpartisan moment.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Some people have criticized \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em> and Rachel Carson for fostering intense fear of chemicals in a way that has partially led to our anti-science moment. People attribute to her a call for a ban on all pesticides. Polsky said \u003ca href=\"https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/crazy-lies-haters-threw-at-rachel-carson-25183450/\">laying these critiques at Carson’s door\u003c/a> is unfounded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think we can attribute to her the fact that people have over-read what she said and what she testified in Congress. She actually did not call for a ban on pesticides. She said they have their place. It’s much narrower than how they’re deployed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carson encouraged saving DDT – the pesticide she’s most associated with – to control malarial outbreaks. That doesn’t stop her detractors from attributing malarial deaths to her, and by extension, seeking to undermine the case for environmental regulations altogether.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women, especially, who raise concerns about environmental chemicals are criticized and called hysterical or emotional or over-invested in the issue. This was true of Carson, too, who died of breast cancer in 1964, two years after the book was published.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She testified about pesticides in front of Congress after a double mastectomy, which I find incredibly poignant,” Polsky said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She wore a wig to hide the fact that she had cancer so that [her testimony] wouldn’t be seen as a personal vendetta, which is just so heartbreaking. The idea that if you’re personally affected, you’re seen as unable to make sense of the data rather than as having the highest possible stake in ensuring that people understand the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A more serious issue than people being over-worried about what manufactured chemicals are doing to themselves and their surroundings, Polsky said, is that they don’t seem to be worried enough.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Mona Epstein thought the violent shaking that woke her was just a nightmare. But when she checked her phone, she saw that an \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc75331762/executive\">earthquake \u003c/a>had struck the San Ramon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Earthquakes have infiltrated my dreams,” Epstein said. “It’s really nerve-wracking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Epstein lives in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999633/scientists-say-san-ramons-latest-earthquake-swarm-is-normal-but-residents-are-on-edge\">San Ramon\u003c/a>, a typically quiet Bay Area suburb that has been jolted by 162 earthquakes of a magnitude 2.0 or higher since November. Three dozen small tremors shook her home \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071884/earthquake-swarm-in-san-ramon-is-felt-around-bay-area-with-over-20-small-quakes\">in early February\u003c/a>, popping open cabinet doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just won’t stop,” Epstein said. “It’s like the new normal, I’ve become accustomed to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seismologists call the sequence of small earthquakes a “swarm” and say it is normal for this part of the Bay Area, which lies atop a spiderweb of active faults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They don’t know exactly how or why they’re happening, or whether they are occurring on a major fault — which may hint at the risk of a larger earthquake coming — or on one of the many smaller cracks nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000504\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000504\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-2000x1500.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Ramon sits atop a complex network of faults, making it prone to earthquake swarms. \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s why in mid-March, a group of United States Geological Survey seismologists and volunteers buried a network of 78 blue and grey toaster-sized seismometers across San Ramon and Danville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have any preconceived notions, I just want to find out what’s going on,” said Rufus Catchings, a research geophysicist with USGS, who is leading the work. “The data will hopefully tell us a lot more detail, like which faults are involved and whether earthquakes are happening on major faults.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Catchings said a swarm on a smaller fault is “unlikely to generate a very large earthquake. But if it is connected, say, to the Calaveras or to one of the thrust faults, it could be very significant, and we need to know that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000437\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000437\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rufus Catchings, a seismologist from USGS, installs a seismometer at a home in San Ramon on March 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Ramon sits in a part of Contra Costa County that is prone to swarms and has experienced them a handful of times since the 1970s due to a complex system of faults in the region, including the Calaveras, Concord-Green Valley, Pleasanton, Mt. Diablo Thrust, Greenville and Sherburne Hills Thrust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Epstein has lived in San Ramon for 12 years and experienced multiple swarms. The latest quakes have left her with a mountain of unanswered questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I read as much as I could to understand whether or not this means that [a big one] is coming,” Epstein said. “I don’t think there is any solid answer. That’s why they’re putting all those little sensors everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A web of sensors\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The grid of sensors will track movement underground for the next six months, and afterward, seismologists will dig them up and analyze their readings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know for sure that we’re going to catch some really small earthquakes because they’re just going on all the time, and if the swarm does pick up again, then we’ll definitely catch that,” said Annemarie Baltay, a research geophysicist with USGS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000438\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000438\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Annemarie Baltay (left), a geophysicist researcher from USGS, and Rufus Catchings (right), a seismologist from USGS, install a seismometer at a home in San Ramon on March 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The battery-operated seismometers gather data around 200 times per second, Catchings said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that eventually there’s gonna be a big earthquake here,” Catchings said. “You can look at these mountains and see how they popped up through the tectonic forces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers theorize that the swarm occurred along smaller sub-faults or due to liquid moving around these marginal cracks. But it’s hard to know exactly what’s happening five to 10 miles underground, Baltay said.[aside postID=news_12071884 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/251215-EarthquakeSwarms-14-BL_qed.jpg']“It’s very likely that the fault goes down, turns, dips and moves around,” Baltay said. “This will help us sort of understand that fault structure at depth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baltay said the findings could also show how different soils affect how waves travel through the earth. What researchers learn might require adjustments to the USGS’s National Seismic Hazard Model, which informs local building codes and insurance risk models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Armstrong, mayor of San Ramon, lives in a two-story home smack dab in the epicenter of the recent swarm of quakes. He said the shaking he feels is a reminder that he lives in earthquake country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple of earthquakes were literally in my backyard or across the street,” Armstrong said, recalling rumblings that shook pictures off his bookshelves. The USGS scientists installed a seismometer in his backyard. “There’s a little bit of excitement when you get one of the big ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong said residents have one burning question: “When is it going to stop?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong said the city is planning an emergency exercise with the American Red Cross, in collaboration with the City of Danville and Contra Costa County. The run-through will likely include activating an emergency operations center and shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000436\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000436\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rufus Catchings, a seismologist from USGS, installs a seismometer at a home in San Ramon on March 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>USGS seismologists also buried a sensor in Gina Veazey’s front yard. The Danville resident can tell an earthquake is going to shake her home when her dog, Stinky, goes “absolutely crazy” and “jumps off the bed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then all of a sudden we feel the tremor, so she’s a good indicator that something’s coming,” Veazey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every time Veazey hears the groan of an earthquake, and then the rock and sway that follow, it’s a reminder that “Mother Nature is telling us we just got to roll with the punches that she throws. That’s all we can do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Mona Epstein thought the violent shaking that woke her was just a nightmare. But when she checked her phone, she saw that an \u003ca href=\"https://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/nc75331762/executive\">earthquake \u003c/a>had struck the San Ramon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Earthquakes have infiltrated my dreams,” Epstein said. “It’s really nerve-wracking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Epstein lives in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999633/scientists-say-san-ramons-latest-earthquake-swarm-is-normal-but-residents-are-on-edge\">San Ramon\u003c/a>, a typically quiet Bay Area suburb that has been jolted by 162 earthquakes of a magnitude 2.0 or higher since November. Three dozen small tremors shook her home \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071884/earthquake-swarm-in-san-ramon-is-felt-around-bay-area-with-over-20-small-quakes\">in early February\u003c/a>, popping open cabinet doors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just won’t stop,” Epstein said. “It’s like the new normal, I’ve become accustomed to it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seismologists call the sequence of small earthquakes a “swarm” and say it is normal for this part of the Bay Area, which lies atop a spiderweb of active faults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They don’t know exactly how or why they’re happening, or whether they are occurring on a major fault — which may hint at the risk of a larger earthquake coming — or on one of the many smaller cracks nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000504\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000504\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-2000x1500.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/faults-5-2048x1536.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Ramon sits atop a complex network of faults, making it prone to earthquake swarms. \u003ccite>(Anna Vignet/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s why in mid-March, a group of United States Geological Survey seismologists and volunteers buried a network of 78 blue and grey toaster-sized seismometers across San Ramon and Danville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have any preconceived notions, I just want to find out what’s going on,” said Rufus Catchings, a research geophysicist with USGS, who is leading the work. “The data will hopefully tell us a lot more detail, like which faults are involved and whether earthquakes are happening on major faults.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Catchings said a swarm on a smaller fault is “unlikely to generate a very large earthquake. But if it is connected, say, to the Calaveras or to one of the thrust faults, it could be very significant, and we need to know that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000437\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000437\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00566_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rufus Catchings, a seismologist from USGS, installs a seismometer at a home in San Ramon on March 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>San Ramon sits in a part of Contra Costa County that is prone to swarms and has experienced them a handful of times since the 1970s due to a complex system of faults in the region, including the Calaveras, Concord-Green Valley, Pleasanton, Mt. Diablo Thrust, Greenville and Sherburne Hills Thrust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Epstein has lived in San Ramon for 12 years and experienced multiple swarms. The latest quakes have left her with a mountain of unanswered questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I read as much as I could to understand whether or not this means that [a big one] is coming,” Epstein said. “I don’t think there is any solid answer. That’s why they’re putting all those little sensors everywhere.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A web of sensors\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The grid of sensors will track movement underground for the next six months, and afterward, seismologists will dig them up and analyze their readings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know for sure that we’re going to catch some really small earthquakes because they’re just going on all the time, and if the swarm does pick up again, then we’ll definitely catch that,” said Annemarie Baltay, a research geophysicist with USGS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000438\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000438\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00574_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Annemarie Baltay (left), a geophysicist researcher from USGS, and Rufus Catchings (right), a seismologist from USGS, install a seismometer at a home in San Ramon on March 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The battery-operated seismometers gather data around 200 times per second, Catchings said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that eventually there’s gonna be a big earthquake here,” Catchings said. “You can look at these mountains and see how they popped up through the tectonic forces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The researchers theorize that the swarm occurred along smaller sub-faults or due to liquid moving around these marginal cracks. But it’s hard to know exactly what’s happening five to 10 miles underground, Baltay said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s very likely that the fault goes down, turns, dips and moves around,” Baltay said. “This will help us sort of understand that fault structure at depth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Baltay said the findings could also show how different soils affect how waves travel through the earth. What researchers learn might require adjustments to the USGS’s National Seismic Hazard Model, which informs local building codes and insurance risk models.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Armstrong, mayor of San Ramon, lives in a two-story home smack dab in the epicenter of the recent swarm of quakes. He said the shaking he feels is a reminder that he lives in earthquake country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A couple of earthquakes were literally in my backyard or across the street,” Armstrong said, recalling rumblings that shook pictures off his bookshelves. The USGS scientists installed a seismometer in his backyard. “There’s a little bit of excitement when you get one of the big ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong said residents have one burning question: “When is it going to stop?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armstrong said the city is planning an emergency exercise with the American Red Cross, in collaboration with the City of Danville and Contra Costa County. The run-through will likely include activating an emergency operations center and shelters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000436\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000436\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260317-SANRAMONEARTHQUAKES00523_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rufus Catchings, a seismologist from USGS, installs a seismometer at a home in San Ramon on March 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>USGS seismologists also buried a sensor in Gina Veazey’s front yard. The Danville resident can tell an earthquake is going to shake her home when her dog, Stinky, goes “absolutely crazy” and “jumps off the bed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Then all of a sudden we feel the tremor, so she’s a good indicator that something’s coming,” Veazey said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every time Veazey hears the groan of an earthquake, and then the rock and sway that follow, it’s a reminder that “Mother Nature is telling us we just got to roll with the punches that she throws. That’s all we can do.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Over a sun-baked weekend this month, customers lined up for beer, their numbers overflowing into the palm-treed, and mercifully shaded, garden of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/28916/almanac-beer-company-local-brewers-local-ingredients\">Almanac Beer Co.\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/alameda\">Alameda\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cold lagers and ales in pint glasses bubbled and sparkled, the fizz courtesy of dissolved carbon dioxide. The CO2 gives the beer extra flavor, aroma and a tingly, crisp feeling on the tongue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customers sampling the beer would have no idea the amber liquid in their hand was in any way trailblazing, but they were drinking what’s believed to be the first beer carbonated with CO2 caught by a direct air capture machine at the brewery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We may often think of carbon dioxide as a waste product that contributes to climate change — something released during combustion, with far too much of it accumulating in the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond being an atmospheric pollutant, carbon dioxide is also an industrial commodity, a material used to produce concrete and fertilizer and for carbonating beverages like beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000421\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000421\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarah McGrath tends the bar at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, it is often a byproduct of refining oil or gas. Then it is shipped on trucks to wherever it is needed. The supply chain is fragile and unreliable, forcing businesses that rely on it to halt operations from time to time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley-based Aircapture is changing that by capturing and concentrating CO2 at the site where its customers need it. Over the weekend, the company unveiled its system at Almanac’s Alameda brewery. The beer company has used it in its operations for about a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We aim to save our customers money and provide them with a higher reliability of supply, higher purity supply, and of course, a much more sustainable supply,” said Matt Atwood, founder and CEO at Aircapture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000428\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000428\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Atwood, CEO at Aircapture, and the Aircapture system installed Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From a climate perspective, this application isn’t necessarily a game changer, said carbon sequestration expert Klaus Lackner. He founded the Center for Negative Carbon Emissions at Arizona State University and is not involved in Aircapture or Almanac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s avoiding the need to industrially produce and ship CO2 on trucks, fundamentally, it’s capturing carbon that is then released into the beer and eventually out into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, if niche markets like breweries adopt direct air capture, that could provide the breeding grounds for the technology to be further developed to the point that the price for it drops dramatically.[aside postID=science_2000377 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-ALAMEDA-ISLAND-MD-02-KQED.jpg']“It’s actually critical that if you want technologies which can replace what we have,” Lackner said, “whether this is air capture or something else, that you get affordable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar panels, he said, used to cost hundreds of times more than they do today and only started meaningfully contributing to renewable energy supplies once their cost came down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fundamentally, this was a business decision,” said Damian Fagan, CEO of Almanac. His company saves 15% on the per-pound cost of CO2. That adds up pretty quickly, Fagan said, in the range of tens of thousands of dollars a year. The additional sustainability is great, he said, and fits in with the company’s goals of locally sourcing ingredients. But his primary interest was avoiding future disruptions in supply. For that, he would even be willing to pay more per pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almanac shut down operations for two days last fall when shipments of CO2 didn’t arrive from their suppliers. They couldn’t can beer, so they couldn’t sell it. Their brewing schedule backed up. To catch up, they had to add a third shift and staff worked till midnight. The CO2 industry infrastructure – part of the heavily regulated oil and gas industry – is aging and degrading, so Fagan expects reliability will only get worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The writing’s on the wall: the infrastructure that produces CO2, particularly here in California, is fading quickly,” he said. “And CO2 is literally intrinsic to the brewing process — it’s like electricity or water. If you don’t have them, we are just dead in the water. We can’t operate without it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000423\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000423 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Aircapture system at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almanac promotes its use of the Aircapture technology through branding on its “Flow” beer, a light and bright West Coast Pale Ale. Eventually, they plan to use it in all their beers and to power their lines that push the beer to the 30 taps in the taproom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While carbonation improves the aroma and taste of the beer, customers won’t notice a difference between the industrially-provided CO2 and the locally-sourced CO2 from the parking lot. There’s no effect on taste, and Aircapture said the purity from their technology significantly exceeds industry standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The direct air capture machine sits in the brewery’s parking lot. A large fan sucks air through a pipe. A ceramic substrate grabs onto the carbon dioxide in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000426\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000426 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brenden Dobel prepares fermenter tanks for brewing beer at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The CO2 is then released via a blast of steam and piped into the brewery and a trailer with Aircapture’s equipment. The CO2 is cooled down, concentrated, turned into liquid, purified and sent to tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almanac pays for the carbon dioxide it uses, but not directly for the equipment. The machine is designed to last 20 years. If Almanac expands and needs more CO2, it can add additional units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the brewery expects to use around 120,000 pounds to brew 15 thousand barrels of beer — and that number is rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000429\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000429\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Damian Fagan, CEO at Almanac Beer Co., at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our usage is only going up,” Fagan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almanac is, to the best of Aircapture’s knowledge, the first brewery to use direct air capture technology to carbonate its beer. But it almost certainly won’t be the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s next project is with Anheuser-Busch InBev, the world’s largest brewer, installing the technology at a brewery in the Canary Islands later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"headline": "Bay Area Brewery Pulls CO2 From the Air to Keep Beer Flowing",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Over a sun-baked weekend this month, customers lined up for beer, their numbers overflowing into the palm-treed, and mercifully shaded, garden of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareabites/28916/almanac-beer-company-local-brewers-local-ingredients\">Almanac Beer Co.\u003c/a> in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/alameda\">Alameda\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cold lagers and ales in pint glasses bubbled and sparkled, the fizz courtesy of dissolved carbon dioxide. The CO2 gives the beer extra flavor, aroma and a tingly, crisp feeling on the tongue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customers sampling the beer would have no idea the amber liquid in their hand was in any way trailblazing, but they were drinking what’s believed to be the first beer carbonated with CO2 caught by a direct air capture machine at the brewery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We may often think of carbon dioxide as a waste product that contributes to climate change — something released during combustion, with far too much of it accumulating in the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond being an atmospheric pollutant, carbon dioxide is also an industrial commodity, a material used to produce concrete and fertilizer and for carbonating beverages like beer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000421\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000421\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-04-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sarah McGrath tends the bar at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In California, it is often a byproduct of refining oil or gas. Then it is shipped on trucks to wherever it is needed. The supply chain is fragile and unreliable, forcing businesses that rely on it to halt operations from time to time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Berkeley-based Aircapture is changing that by capturing and concentrating CO2 at the site where its customers need it. Over the weekend, the company unveiled its system at Almanac’s Alameda brewery. The beer company has used it in its operations for about a month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We aim to save our customers money and provide them with a higher reliability of supply, higher purity supply, and of course, a much more sustainable supply,” said Matt Atwood, founder and CEO at Aircapture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000428\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000428\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-07-KQED-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Atwood, CEO at Aircapture, and the Aircapture system installed Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From a climate perspective, this application isn’t necessarily a game changer, said carbon sequestration expert Klaus Lackner. He founded the Center for Negative Carbon Emissions at Arizona State University and is not involved in Aircapture or Almanac.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While it’s avoiding the need to industrially produce and ship CO2 on trucks, fundamentally, it’s capturing carbon that is then released into the beer and eventually out into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, if niche markets like breweries adopt direct air capture, that could provide the breeding grounds for the technology to be further developed to the point that the price for it drops dramatically.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It’s actually critical that if you want technologies which can replace what we have,” Lackner said, “whether this is air capture or something else, that you get affordable.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar panels, he said, used to cost hundreds of times more than they do today and only started meaningfully contributing to renewable energy supplies once their cost came down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fundamentally, this was a business decision,” said Damian Fagan, CEO of Almanac. His company saves 15% on the per-pound cost of CO2. That adds up pretty quickly, Fagan said, in the range of tens of thousands of dollars a year. The additional sustainability is great, he said, and fits in with the company’s goals of locally sourcing ingredients. But his primary interest was avoiding future disruptions in supply. For that, he would even be willing to pay more per pound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almanac shut down operations for two days last fall when shipments of CO2 didn’t arrive from their suppliers. They couldn’t can beer, so they couldn’t sell it. Their brewing schedule backed up. To catch up, they had to add a third shift and staff worked till midnight. The CO2 industry infrastructure – part of the heavily regulated oil and gas industry – is aging and degrading, so Fagan expects reliability will only get worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The writing’s on the wall: the infrastructure that produces CO2, particularly here in California, is fading quickly,” he said. “And CO2 is literally intrinsic to the brewing process — it’s like electricity or water. If you don’t have them, we are just dead in the water. We can’t operate without it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000423\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000423 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-06-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Aircapture system at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almanac promotes its use of the Aircapture technology through branding on its “Flow” beer, a light and bright West Coast Pale Ale. Eventually, they plan to use it in all their beers and to power their lines that push the beer to the 30 taps in the taproom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While carbonation improves the aroma and taste of the beer, customers won’t notice a difference between the industrially-provided CO2 and the locally-sourced CO2 from the parking lot. There’s no effect on taste, and Aircapture said the purity from their technology significantly exceeds industry standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The direct air capture machine sits in the brewery’s parking lot. A large fan sucks air through a pipe. A ceramic substrate grabs onto the carbon dioxide in the air.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000426\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000426 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-11-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Brenden Dobel prepares fermenter tanks for brewing beer at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The CO2 is then released via a blast of steam and piped into the brewery and a trailer with Aircapture’s equipment. The CO2 is cooled down, concentrated, turned into liquid, purified and sent to tanks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almanac pays for the carbon dioxide it uses, but not directly for the equipment. The machine is designed to last 20 years. If Almanac expands and needs more CO2, it can add additional units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, the brewery expects to use around 120,000 pounds to brew 15 thousand barrels of beer — and that number is rising.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000429\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000429\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/260320-BEER-CARBON-MD-12-KQED-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Damian Fagan, CEO at Almanac Beer Co., at Almanac Adventureland and Brewery in Alameda on March 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our usage is only going up,” Fagan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almanac is, to the best of Aircapture’s knowledge, the first brewery to use direct air capture technology to carbonate its beer. But it almost certainly won’t be the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company’s next project is with Anheuser-Busch InBev, the world’s largest brewer, installing the technology at a brewery in the Canary Islands later this year.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>“There was once a town in the heart of America where all life seemed to live in harmony with its surroundings.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In this, the opening line of Rachel Carson’s \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em>, the author begins to paint a bleak, but plausible, picture: a community where fish once thrived in the creeks and rivers, insects buzzed in fields, birds filled the air with song and children had a chance to grow up healthy and strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Rachel Carson’s telling, the town now has no life in its waters, fields or air and adults and children sicken from mysterious conditions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause? It was, she writes, “no witchcraft, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The people had done it themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carson did not have a specific town in mind; instead, she sculpted an amalgam of reports from disasters around the country. And in the rest of the book, she explains what was causing the silencing of the voices of spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000359\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1250px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000359 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/GettyImages-517350968-e1773868401860.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1250\" height=\"1556\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rachel Carson stirred up a roaring national controversy with her last book, “Silent Spring.” Carson was born in Springdale, Pennsylvania and first burst onto the scene in 1951 with “The Sea Around Us,” which became a best seller. The success enabled Carson, shown here seated at her typewriter, to leave her government job as an aquatic biologist with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. \u003ccite>(Bettmann/Contributor via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her book, published in 1962, became enormously influential, changing the direction of society. It sparked the modern environmental movement. It caught the attention of President John F. Kennedy, who directed his Science Advisory Committee to investigate the use of pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conclusions of the panel were the same as Carson’s, urging reduced pesticide use and improved regulations. \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em> had its detractors at the time, notably the chemical industry, which \u003ca href=\"https://blog.ucs.org/anita-desikan/why-rachel-carsons-silent-spring-still-resonates-today/\">fought to stop its publication\u003c/a> and discredit the author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it has its critics as well, some say it has led to all chemicals being viewed with suspicion, whether with good reason or not, and that her opening scene of a mass biocide — which sets the tone of the work — is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/health/05iht-sntier.1.6003787.html\">simplistic and unscientific\u003c/a>, presenting the natural world of the past and traditional agriculture as a Disneyfied version of Eden. It remains a worthy and beautiful read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rachel Carson left a legacy of highlighting nature’s sustaining power for the human spirit. She argued chemical industries were corrupting the globe and called on us to regulate our appetites, for our own self-preservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This stance, which at the time was revolutionary and subversive, still resonates today as we come to terms with the impacts of global heating caused by the burning of fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems reasonable,” Carson wrote, “that the more clearly we can focus our attention on the wonders and realities of the universe about us, the less taste we shall have for the destruction of our race. Wonder and humility are wholesome emotions, and they do not exist side by side with a lust for destruction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Read with us! KQED's Climate Book Club is taking up \"Silent Spring\" by Rachel Carson. We will gather to discuss during the Night of Ideas at the San Francisco Public Library on April 11. Our guest speaker will be professor of law and the founding Director of the Environmental Law Clinic, Claudia Polsky.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cause? It was, she writes, “no witchcraft, no enemy action had silenced the rebirth of new life in this stricken world. The people had done it themselves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carson did not have a specific town in mind; instead, she sculpted an amalgam of reports from disasters around the country. And in the rest of the book, she explains what was causing the silencing of the voices of spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000359\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1250px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000359 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/GettyImages-517350968-e1773868401860.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1250\" height=\"1556\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rachel Carson stirred up a roaring national controversy with her last book, “Silent Spring.” Carson was born in Springdale, Pennsylvania and first burst onto the scene in 1951 with “The Sea Around Us,” which became a best seller. The success enabled Carson, shown here seated at her typewriter, to leave her government job as an aquatic biologist with the U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. \u003ccite>(Bettmann/Contributor via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Her book, published in 1962, became enormously influential, changing the direction of society. It sparked the modern environmental movement. It caught the attention of President John F. Kennedy, who directed his Science Advisory Committee to investigate the use of pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The conclusions of the panel were the same as Carson’s, urging reduced pesticide use and improved regulations. \u003cem>Silent Spring\u003c/em> had its detractors at the time, notably the chemical industry, which \u003ca href=\"https://blog.ucs.org/anita-desikan/why-rachel-carsons-silent-spring-still-resonates-today/\">fought to stop its publication\u003c/a> and discredit the author.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, it has its critics as well, some say it has led to all chemicals being viewed with suspicion, whether with good reason or not, and that her opening scene of a mass biocide — which sets the tone of the work — is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2007/06/05/health/05iht-sntier.1.6003787.html\">simplistic and unscientific\u003c/a>, presenting the natural world of the past and traditional agriculture as a Disneyfied version of Eden. It remains a worthy and beautiful read.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rachel Carson left a legacy of highlighting nature’s sustaining power for the human spirit. She argued chemical industries were corrupting the globe and called on us to regulate our appetites, for our own self-preservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This stance, which at the time was revolutionary and subversive, still resonates today as we come to terms with the impacts of global heating caused by the burning of fossil fuels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It seems reasonable,” Carson wrote, “that the more clearly we can focus our attention on the wonders and realities of the universe about us, the less taste we shall have for the destruction of our race. Wonder and humility are wholesome emotions, and they do not exist side by side with a lust for destruction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944241/lead-ammunition-is-now-banned-for-hunting-wildlife-in-california\">condors\u003c/a> are the largest land bird in North America — with wingspans of almost 10 feet. The vultures look and sound otherworldly, with good reason. They are a Pleistocene-era animal, survivors of the last ice age. These incredible \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/55378/with-condors-on-the-brink-california-considers-a-lead-bullet-ban-for-hunters\">scavengers\u003c/a> — weighing up to 25 pounds — used to range from California to Florida and from Canada to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the last century, their populations crashed. The federal government listed them as endangered in 1967, and in 1982, only 23 condors survived worldwide. A substantial conservation campaign in California followed, spanning several decades. Now there are more than 600 alive, but they aren’t doing as well as scientists expected, even after the state banned hunters from using lead bullets, fragments of which the birds swallow when they eat animal carcasses left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-69617-4\">research published Wednesday\u003c/a> explains the mystery of why, despite many protections, the birds are still struggling. The answer, the scientists believe, is due to condors changing their behavior to act like more wild birds. The birds are foraging further afield from sites where conservationists leave food and finding animals to eat that are sometimes shot with lead. More lead-laced animal carcasses may be available, they believe, due to the expansion of feral pigs causing a nuisance in Central California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Condors are very long-lived, so very small changes in their survival rate can make big differences on whether or not they will go extinct or not go extinct,” said Myra Finkelstein, an environmental toxicologist at UC Santa Cruz and senior author on the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is that for us to stop releasing captive-bred birds, and currently right now, we still have to. The population is declining unless we release captive-bred birds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein published research in 2012 that showed the lead poisoning from ammunition was preventing the condor’s recovery. The findings built support for California to pass a lead bullet ban for hunting wildlife in 2013, which fully phased into effect in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the law passed, Finkelstein was very excited. “Not only does lead poison California condors, it will poison any scavenging species, and there’s no level of lead exposure that’s known to be without long-term effects for young kids. So [no lead] is just a win-win all around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000337\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000337\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-1638x2048.jpg 1638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California condor 966 Pixchi chases 747 Boeing through the late afternoon skies above Pinnacles National Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Tim Huntington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But in the years that followed the ban, she and her colleagues continued their research, but they did not see the lead mortality decrease as expected. In fact, it worsened. The amount of lead in the blood of Central California condors actually jumped after full implementation of the ban. This, on the face, made no sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t think that people were out there using more lead than they were before the ban,” she said. In fact, every indication from the hunting community was that people were largely, albeit not entirely, complying with the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein said her research team felt under some pressure to be able to provide an explanation. If they can’t explain the cause, other states and countries could look at California’s example and conclude that “lead bullet bans don’t work to protect endangered species, we shouldn’t bother with them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, condor researchers in California are lucky in that they have extremely robust datasets. While most biologists study what they hope is a representative subset, Finkelstein and colleagues have access to three decades of near-daily data on every single condor in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We use every single bird,” Finkelstein said. “We have all the blood lead levels that have been collected. And we have all of the outreach that has been done. We have so much data. And with all these data, we were able to start looking at what could be influencing condor lead risk. Why is it worse now than it was five years ago?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They noticed two things: one, that an individual condor’s behavior was highly linked with how soon it died of lead poisoning. The birds still depend on the lead-free carcasses left by conservationists at certain sites. But more and more birds are venturing further afield, presumably picking up lead contamination in the carcasses they find. But where would that increased lead be coming from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combining data from deer hunts, pig hunts and elsewhere, Finkelstein said they found, “lo and behold, what explained the problem in central California was an increase in pigs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feral pigs have become a nuisance, with most living on private land. They damage crops and vineyards and are a health hazard; they carry viruses, bacteria and parasites that can affect humans, pets, and livestock. Pig hunting tripled after 2008, and doubled again after 2019. Sometimes they’re killed without a tag, which is like a permission slip from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife to kill an animal. It’s impossible to know how often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000338\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000338\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-1638x2048.jpg 1638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California condor 966 Pixchi at Pinnacles National Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Tim Huntington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t take much of an increase in lead on the landscape to affect condors. The paper, published in \u003cem>Nature Communications\u003c/em>, explains that fewer than 10 lead-contaminated feedings per year are enough to explain this increase in lead exposure seen in California’s condors. And a condor can be taken down by fewer feedings than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people don’t understand that just one feeding, one tiny little sliver of lead can kill a condor — and condors are supposed to live 60 plus years,” Finkelstein said. “They never lived that long. We have a bunch of teenagers flying around out there, you know? Very few adults … It’s just tragic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the research team found that the lead ammunition bans are effective. Without them, condor mortality would be much worse. And, while California condors are not self-sustaining at the moment, they are almost there. A small additional decrease in lead, and they could get there. Interestingly, deer hunting appears to have a protective effect on condors. Deer hunters are overwhelmingly abiding by the lead ammunition ban, and so entrails left over from a deer being dressed in the field provide a safe meal for a condor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We only need to lower lead mortality by 1%, and the condor population is expected to become self-sustaining. Now that to me sounds like we’re on the verge of success here,” said Kelly Sorenson of the Ventana Wildlife Society, who has led major recovery efforts for condors across central California. Sorenson did not participate in the study. “And hunters and ranchers are being a part of that by switching to non-lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ventana Wildlife Society, in addition to doing outreach and education, gives away non-lead ammunition to hunters. This year, it plans to give away $60,000 in supplies. It is still legal to buy lead in California and to fire it at some shooting ranges. Sorenson laments that not all calibers are readily available at stores in non-lead options, which can also be more expensive. In California, people are not allowed to order ammunition online; they must buy it in person from a store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prohibition of online sales is really a big deal, severely limiting availability,” Sorenson said. “The people who are really having a hard time [switching over to non-lead options] are the ranchers who are shooting sometimes hundreds of rounds of rimfire every weekend.” Rimfire is a type of low-cost ammunition popular for small-game hunting. Non-lead ammunition for one of the most common rifles used in the U.S., the 22 Long Rifle, often used for controlling ground squirrels, is not available in most stores, Sorenson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other states do ammunition sales differently, they have their own problems. Currently, California is the only one with a lead ammo ban for shooting wildlife. But other states are considering similar actions and looking to California’s example.[aside postID=news_12059633 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/GettyImages-1658708092-2000x1347.jpg']“California condors are the tip of a very large and worrisome iceberg,” said Mike Pokras, who ran the wildlife program at Tufts University near Boston for 35 years. He’s advocating for a bill in Maryland aimed at getting hunters to use non-lead bullets when harvesting animals that enter the human food chain, like deer. The goal is to keep both humans and scavenger animals healthier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he said, “It is absolutely a global issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pokras knows people working to get lead out of wildlife from Norway to South Africa to Spain to Japan. Lead is killing bald eagles, loons, swans, cheetahs, sea eagles. The importance of addressing lead in ammunition, he said, goes beyond concern for animals. It’s a serious public health issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the lessons of the condor outlined in Finkelstein’s latest research paper will be very helpful for many lead-affected species. It shows that animal behavior can change, that food sources can change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, though, he sees one solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to get all this lead stuff off the market. The human risks aren’t just from eating animals that have been shot with lead, but simply handling the metallic lead,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children and pregnant women are especially vulnerable. The kids in Flint, Michigan, who were exposed to increased lead in water, experienced a host of physical and mental problems. Other kids have become sick from being exposed to old lead paint in substandard housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t matter where the lead comes from,” Pokras said. “It’s really bad for people. Even if [gun owners are] target shooting, we don’t want them using lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944241/lead-ammunition-is-now-banned-for-hunting-wildlife-in-california\">condors\u003c/a> are the largest land bird in North America — with wingspans of almost 10 feet. The vultures look and sound otherworldly, with good reason. They are a Pleistocene-era animal, survivors of the last ice age. These incredible \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/55378/with-condors-on-the-brink-california-considers-a-lead-bullet-ban-for-hunters\">scavengers\u003c/a> — weighing up to 25 pounds — used to range from California to Florida and from Canada to Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the last century, their populations crashed. The federal government listed them as endangered in 1967, and in 1982, only 23 condors survived worldwide. A substantial conservation campaign in California followed, spanning several decades. Now there are more than 600 alive, but they aren’t doing as well as scientists expected, even after the state banned hunters from using lead bullets, fragments of which the birds swallow when they eat animal carcasses left behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>New \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-69617-4\">research published Wednesday\u003c/a> explains the mystery of why, despite many protections, the birds are still struggling. The answer, the scientists believe, is due to condors changing their behavior to act like more wild birds. The birds are foraging further afield from sites where conservationists leave food and finding animals to eat that are sometimes shot with lead. More lead-laced animal carcasses may be available, they believe, due to the expansion of feral pigs causing a nuisance in Central California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Condors are very long-lived, so very small changes in their survival rate can make big differences on whether or not they will go extinct or not go extinct,” said Myra Finkelstein, an environmental toxicologist at UC Santa Cruz and senior author on the paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The goal is that for us to stop releasing captive-bred birds, and currently right now, we still have to. The population is declining unless we release captive-bred birds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein published research in 2012 that showed the lead poisoning from ammunition was preventing the condor’s recovery. The findings built support for California to pass a lead bullet ban for hunting wildlife in 2013, which fully phased into effect in 2019.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the law passed, Finkelstein was very excited. “Not only does lead poison California condors, it will poison any scavenging species, and there’s no level of lead exposure that’s known to be without long-term effects for young kids. So [no lead] is just a win-win all around.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000337\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000337\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_chases_747_8076-1638x2048.jpg 1638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California condor 966 Pixchi chases 747 Boeing through the late afternoon skies above Pinnacles National Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Tim Huntington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But in the years that followed the ban, she and her colleagues continued their research, but they did not see the lead mortality decrease as expected. In fact, it worsened. The amount of lead in the blood of Central California condors actually jumped after full implementation of the ban. This, on the face, made no sense.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We didn’t think that people were out there using more lead than they were before the ban,” she said. In fact, every indication from the hunting community was that people were largely, albeit not entirely, complying with the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finkelstein said her research team felt under some pressure to be able to provide an explanation. If they can’t explain the cause, other states and countries could look at California’s example and conclude that “lead bullet bans don’t work to protect endangered species, we shouldn’t bother with them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, condor researchers in California are lucky in that they have extremely robust datasets. While most biologists study what they hope is a representative subset, Finkelstein and colleagues have access to three decades of near-daily data on every single condor in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We use every single bird,” Finkelstein said. “We have all the blood lead levels that have been collected. And we have all of the outreach that has been done. We have so much data. And with all these data, we were able to start looking at what could be influencing condor lead risk. Why is it worse now than it was five years ago?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They noticed two things: one, that an individual condor’s behavior was highly linked with how soon it died of lead poisoning. The birds still depend on the lead-free carcasses left by conservationists at certain sites. But more and more birds are venturing further afield, presumably picking up lead contamination in the carcasses they find. But where would that increased lead be coming from?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Combining data from deer hunts, pig hunts and elsewhere, Finkelstein said they found, “lo and behold, what explained the problem in central California was an increase in pigs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Feral pigs have become a nuisance, with most living on private land. They damage crops and vineyards and are a health hazard; they carry viruses, bacteria and parasites that can affect humans, pets, and livestock. Pig hunting tripled after 2008, and doubled again after 2019. Sometimes they’re killed without a tag, which is like a permission slip from the California Department of Fish and Wildlife to kill an animal. It’s impossible to know how often.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000338\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000338\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"2400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-160x200.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-1229x1536.jpg 1229w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/03/kqed_for_myra_story_966_portrait_8278-NR-1638x2048.jpg 1638w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California condor 966 Pixchi at Pinnacles National Park. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Tim Huntington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it doesn’t take much of an increase in lead on the landscape to affect condors. The paper, published in \u003cem>Nature Communications\u003c/em>, explains that fewer than 10 lead-contaminated feedings per year are enough to explain this increase in lead exposure seen in California’s condors. And a condor can be taken down by fewer feedings than that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think people don’t understand that just one feeding, one tiny little sliver of lead can kill a condor — and condors are supposed to live 60 plus years,” Finkelstein said. “They never lived that long. We have a bunch of teenagers flying around out there, you know? Very few adults … It’s just tragic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the research team found that the lead ammunition bans are effective. Without them, condor mortality would be much worse. And, while California condors are not self-sustaining at the moment, they are almost there. A small additional decrease in lead, and they could get there. Interestingly, deer hunting appears to have a protective effect on condors. Deer hunters are overwhelmingly abiding by the lead ammunition ban, and so entrails left over from a deer being dressed in the field provide a safe meal for a condor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We only need to lower lead mortality by 1%, and the condor population is expected to become self-sustaining. Now that to me sounds like we’re on the verge of success here,” said Kelly Sorenson of the Ventana Wildlife Society, who has led major recovery efforts for condors across central California. Sorenson did not participate in the study. “And hunters and ranchers are being a part of that by switching to non-lead.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Ventana Wildlife Society, in addition to doing outreach and education, gives away non-lead ammunition to hunters. This year, it plans to give away $60,000 in supplies. It is still legal to buy lead in California and to fire it at some shooting ranges. Sorenson laments that not all calibers are readily available at stores in non-lead options, which can also be more expensive. In California, people are not allowed to order ammunition online; they must buy it in person from a store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The prohibition of online sales is really a big deal, severely limiting availability,” Sorenson said. “The people who are really having a hard time [switching over to non-lead options] are the ranchers who are shooting sometimes hundreds of rounds of rimfire every weekend.” Rimfire is a type of low-cost ammunition popular for small-game hunting. Non-lead ammunition for one of the most common rifles used in the U.S., the 22 Long Rifle, often used for controlling ground squirrels, is not available in most stores, Sorenson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other states do ammunition sales differently, they have their own problems. Currently, California is the only one with a lead ammo ban for shooting wildlife. But other states are considering similar actions and looking to California’s example.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“California condors are the tip of a very large and worrisome iceberg,” said Mike Pokras, who ran the wildlife program at Tufts University near Boston for 35 years. He’s advocating for a bill in Maryland aimed at getting hunters to use non-lead bullets when harvesting animals that enter the human food chain, like deer. The goal is to keep both humans and scavenger animals healthier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, he said, “It is absolutely a global issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pokras knows people working to get lead out of wildlife from Norway to South Africa to Spain to Japan. Lead is killing bald eagles, loons, swans, cheetahs, sea eagles. The importance of addressing lead in ammunition, he said, goes beyond concern for animals. It’s a serious public health issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said the lessons of the condor outlined in Finkelstein’s latest research paper will be very helpful for many lead-affected species. It shows that animal behavior can change, that food sources can change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, though, he sees one solution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to get all this lead stuff off the market. The human risks aren’t just from eating animals that have been shot with lead, but simply handling the metallic lead,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Children and pregnant women are especially vulnerable. The kids in Flint, Michigan, who were exposed to increased lead in water, experienced a host of physical and mental problems. Other kids have become sick from being exposed to old lead paint in substandard housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It doesn’t matter where the lead comes from,” Pokras said. “It’s really bad for people. Even if [gun owners are] target shooting, we don’t want them using lead.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeeeKhyuk-_odJH80iw5eAlpLBF-YWJnOi_Yqs4BEN9fY1YJA/viewform?usp=publish-editor'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "could-climate-change-reshape-avalanche-danger-in-the-sierra-nevada-scientists-say-its-complicated",
"title": "Could Climate Change Reshape Avalanche Danger in the Sierra Nevada? Scientists Say It’s Complicated",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073933/treacherous-sierra-nevada-storm-delays-recovery-of-9-presumed-avalanche-victims\">death toll from the avalanche\u003c/a> this week near Lake Tahoe makes it California’s deadliest in modern history — eight people died, and one is still missing. These snowy white landslides are natural during winter in the Sierra Nevada. But climate change is altering winters globally, raising questions about its impact on these mountain rumbles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backcountry skiers, guides, and researchers like Richard Bothwell know the Tahoe area like the back of their hand. He’s skied the backcountry peaks and valleys of the Sierra Nevada for three decades and is the head avalanche director for the Outdoor Adventure Club. The Bay Area organization offers professionally guided outdoor trips, including backcountry skiing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bothwell is heartbroken over the deaths this week from the avalanche: “It’s a bad day for the backcountry community writ large. It’s a bad day for the guiding community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the fact that an avalanche took place this week wasn’t a surprise. January was practically snowless. What was left turned almost sugary; it rained at some point, and an icy top formed on that snow. Then this week, a big dump of snow fell on top of that icy crust. It was just sitting there, ready to slide off and trigger a powerful avalanche.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During any gap [in]wintertime, it’s relatively common that the snow surface weakens, and that’s what we experienced,” said David Reichel, executive director of the Sierra Avalanche Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000143\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000143 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vehicle is buried in snow during a storm on Tuesday, Feb. 17, 2026, in Truckee, California. \u003ccite>(Brooke Hess-Homeier/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Reichel said his group has no real idea how many avalanches barrel down mountainsides in the Sierra Nevada each year because there’s no sensor system to detect them. Researchers know whether an avalanche has stormed down a hill when someone clocks it and reports it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When someone reports an avalanche, the center and others like it across the country will rate its destructive size. They currently list the Tahoe avalanche as a D-2.5, with the size of a football field and the force to kill or bury a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center also forecasts dangerous conditions using a separate \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.org/avalanche-encyclopedia/human/resources/north-american-public-avalanche-danger-scale/\">five-point scale ranging from low to extreme\u003c/a>. The center rated the danger on the day of the avalanche as high.[aside postID=news_12073851 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260220-AVALANCHE-VICTIMS-KQED.jpg']Avalanches occur every winter in the Sierra Nevada, but is human-caused climate change increasing their size or frequency?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s super complicated,” said Benjamin Hatchett, an earth system scientist at Colorado State University who grew up backcountry skiing around Tahoe and researches snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hatchett said that when it comes to climate change, “the fingerprints are everywhere.” But the conditions that led to the Tahoe avalanche are meteorological, not climatological. The rapid change to wet, cold weather brought by winter storms pushed down from the Gulf of Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see no evidence for climate change to play a role, certainly not a first or second order, probably not even further down the list than that,” Hatchett said. “And that’s kind of going back to the setup of the storm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some parts of the world with year-round snow, Hatchett said, there is a signal that climate change could be increasing avalanche danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In large glaciated mountains like the Alps, the Himalaya, and the Andes, the answer is very likely yes because of a warming environment that’s destabilizing snow and ice,” Hatchett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000144\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000144\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sierra Avalanche Center forecasters observe a crack in the snow on Feb. 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nolan Averbuch)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But in areas with seasonal snowpacks, like the Sierra Nevada, Hatchett said there isn’t a clear answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is something we expect to see more of in the future, but we don’t have strong evidence for that happening now,” Hatchett said. “There are absolutely ways that a warming world will statistically change things, and that goes back to the way this winter started with a lot of rain instead of snow. That to me is a signal of a warming world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hatchett said he sees another issue. When winter snow comes later, like this year, people can get antsy to get outdoors and ski. But when warnings, like about avalanche danger, are issued. He urges extreme caution.[aside postID=news_12073933 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/CaliforniaAvalancheAP3-1.jpg']“Thinking about that more strongly could save lives in the future,” Hatchett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hatchett recognizes that holding off is a hard decision, but he said the recent tragedy just might show it’s worth it not to head out into a storm. And more and more people are having to make that hard decision as the sport has become more popular. Especially after the pandemic spurred a surge of interest in these kinds of outdoor adventure sports, said Brenda Giese, a backcountry ski trip leader for the Sierra Club San Francisco Bay Chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want a change from the downhill ski resorts because there are more people there now and they’re willing to take these risks,” Giese said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s also worried that the influx of people in the backcountry and the growing atmospheric potential for bigger and more intense storms could put more skiers in danger in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were severe storms in the past, but they weren’t as frequent,” Giese said. “And there are just more people out there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073933/treacherous-sierra-nevada-storm-delays-recovery-of-9-presumed-avalanche-victims\">death toll from the avalanche\u003c/a> this week near Lake Tahoe makes it California’s deadliest in modern history — eight people died, and one is still missing. These snowy white landslides are natural during winter in the Sierra Nevada. But climate change is altering winters globally, raising questions about its impact on these mountain rumbles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Backcountry skiers, guides, and researchers like Richard Bothwell know the Tahoe area like the back of their hand. He’s skied the backcountry peaks and valleys of the Sierra Nevada for three decades and is the head avalanche director for the Outdoor Adventure Club. The Bay Area organization offers professionally guided outdoor trips, including backcountry skiing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bothwell is heartbroken over the deaths this week from the avalanche: “It’s a bad day for the backcountry community writ large. It’s a bad day for the guiding community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the fact that an avalanche took place this week wasn’t a surprise. January was practically snowless. What was left turned almost sugary; it rained at some point, and an icy top formed on that snow. Then this week, a big dump of snow fell on top of that icy crust. It was just sitting there, ready to slide off and trigger a powerful avalanche.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“During any gap [in]wintertime, it’s relatively common that the snow surface weakens, and that’s what we experienced,” said David Reichel, executive director of the Sierra Avalanche Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000143\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-2000143 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SnowStormSierraNevadaAP1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A vehicle is buried in snow during a storm on Tuesday, Feb. 17, 2026, in Truckee, California. \u003ccite>(Brooke Hess-Homeier/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Reichel said his group has no real idea how many avalanches barrel down mountainsides in the Sierra Nevada each year because there’s no sensor system to detect them. Researchers know whether an avalanche has stormed down a hill when someone clocks it and reports it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When someone reports an avalanche, the center and others like it across the country will rate its destructive size. They currently list the Tahoe avalanche as a D-2.5, with the size of a football field and the force to kill or bury a human.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Avalanche Center also forecasts dangerous conditions using a separate \u003ca href=\"https://avalanche.org/avalanche-encyclopedia/human/resources/north-american-public-avalanche-danger-scale/\">five-point scale ranging from low to extreme\u003c/a>. The center rated the danger on the day of the avalanche as high.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Avalanches occur every winter in the Sierra Nevada, but is human-caused climate change increasing their size or frequency?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s super complicated,” said Benjamin Hatchett, an earth system scientist at Colorado State University who grew up backcountry skiing around Tahoe and researches snow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hatchett said that when it comes to climate change, “the fingerprints are everywhere.” But the conditions that led to the Tahoe avalanche are meteorological, not climatological. The rapid change to wet, cold weather brought by winter storms pushed down from the Gulf of Alaska.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I see no evidence for climate change to play a role, certainly not a first or second order, probably not even further down the list than that,” Hatchett said. “And that’s kind of going back to the setup of the storm.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In some parts of the world with year-round snow, Hatchett said, there is a signal that climate change could be increasing avalanche danger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In large glaciated mountains like the Alps, the Himalaya, and the Andes, the answer is very likely yes because of a warming environment that’s destabilizing snow and ice,” Hatchett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_2000144\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2000144\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/02/SierraAvalanche1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sierra Avalanche Center forecasters observe a crack in the snow on Feb. 17, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Nolan Averbuch)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But in areas with seasonal snowpacks, like the Sierra Nevada, Hatchett said there isn’t a clear answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is something we expect to see more of in the future, but we don’t have strong evidence for that happening now,” Hatchett said. “There are absolutely ways that a warming world will statistically change things, and that goes back to the way this winter started with a lot of rain instead of snow. That to me is a signal of a warming world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hatchett said he sees another issue. When winter snow comes later, like this year, people can get antsy to get outdoors and ski. But when warnings, like about avalanche danger, are issued. He urges extreme caution.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Thinking about that more strongly could save lives in the future,” Hatchett said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hatchett recognizes that holding off is a hard decision, but he said the recent tragedy just might show it’s worth it not to head out into a storm. And more and more people are having to make that hard decision as the sport has become more popular. Especially after the pandemic spurred a surge of interest in these kinds of outdoor adventure sports, said Brenda Giese, a backcountry ski trip leader for the Sierra Club San Francisco Bay Chapter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want a change from the downhill ski resorts because there are more people there now and they’re willing to take these risks,” Giese said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s also worried that the influx of people in the backcountry and the growing atmospheric potential for bigger and more intense storms could put more skiers in danger in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There were severe storms in the past, but they weren’t as frequent,” Giese said. “And there are just more people out there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As state water officials surveyed the Sierra Nevada snowpack on Friday, California seems to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978337/with-snowpack-in-decline-californias-weather-whiplash-could-mean-alternating-drought-and-flooding\">repeating last winter’s topsy-turvy weather whiplash\u003c/a> between super wet and dry conditions, raising worries about diminishing snow reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three weeks ago, the snowpack was glistening white after storm after storm hit the Sierra during a December drenched by atmospheric rivers. But most of January, historically California’s wettest month, has been virtually dry, and today the snowpack sits at just \u003ca href=\"https://snow.water.ca.gov/\">36% of the April 1 average\u003c/a>, which water leaders look to as the measuring stick for the state’s frozen reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The size of the snowpack is a big deal because it accounts for about a third of the state’s water supply, which millions of people, cities and farms rely on the rest of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been in this position before, and we’ve caught up in the past,” said Andy Reising, manager of the state’s Snow Surveys and Water Supply Forecasting Unit. “We don’t want to be going backwards at this time of year; we need more storms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue this winter, Reising said, is that big atmospheric rivers brought more rain than snow in late December and early January, especially at lower elevations. And then the temperatures warmed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t seen this much liquid running under the snowpack at this time of year,” Reising said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999959\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999959\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Department of Water Resources (from right) Engineer Jacob Kollen, Hydrometerologist Angelique Fabbiani-Leon and Snow Survey and Water Supply Forecasting Unit Manager Andy Reising take measurements during the second media snow survey of the 2026 season on Jan. 30, 2026, at Phillips Station in the Sierra Nevada. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Andrew Nixon/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What may be occurring is a phenomenon known as weather whiplash. Warming temperatures are deepening California’s natural weather pattern, which bounces from wet to super-dry conditions that warmer temperatures can worsen. This can melt precious snow reservoirs early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re lucky that we got the fall and December that we did, because had this been the pattern all winter, we’d be in big trouble,” Daniel Swain, a University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources climate scientist, said in his virtual office hours YouTube series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the snowpack across the Sierra Nevada is a tale of three realities. The northern part of the state is at 44% of normal, the Central Sierra at 59%, and the Southern Sierra at 77% for this time of year. Altogether, the state’s snowpack is at 59% of normal for this time of year.[aside postID=news_12064955 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/Sugar-Bowl-2-johnjackson3_2-5-2025_ME.png']“The good news for California, at least, is that the Southern and Central Sierra is doing, if not great, doing fine snowpack-wise right now, at least at higher elevations,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain said it’s still a little too early to tell if the rest of winter will ultimately be dry, but it would “take a miracle March and then some” to boost the snowpack ultimately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a snow drought emerges, it will have negative ramifications for both the state’s water supply and wildfire risk, although at the moment, reservoir levels are at about 70% of average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the reservoir perspective, we’ll be OK, but from a hydroclimate whiplash perspective, it’s quite possible that California could enter once again another wet-to-dry cycle as we go from spring into summer,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Swain said he is not yet banking on a dry rest of the winter. Even though forecasters suggest the next two weeks could further shrink the snowpack, “ what happens later in February and March is really going to tell that tale,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reising understands it’s too early to predict snow across the mountain range, but “having two weeks ahead of us that we know is unlikely to produce any more snowpack and precipitation, that doesn’t look good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State climatologist Mike Anderson said there are “hints” that the second half of February could bring rain. For now, he’s holding out hope that “the storm door opens enough to get wet conditions to return.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As state water officials surveyed the Sierra Nevada snowpack on Friday, California seems to be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1978337/with-snowpack-in-decline-californias-weather-whiplash-could-mean-alternating-drought-and-flooding\">repeating last winter’s topsy-turvy weather whiplash\u003c/a> between super wet and dry conditions, raising worries about diminishing snow reservoirs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three weeks ago, the snowpack was glistening white after storm after storm hit the Sierra during a December drenched by atmospheric rivers. But most of January, historically California’s wettest month, has been virtually dry, and today the snowpack sits at just \u003ca href=\"https://snow.water.ca.gov/\">36% of the April 1 average\u003c/a>, which water leaders look to as the measuring stick for the state’s frozen reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The size of the snowpack is a big deal because it accounts for about a third of the state’s water supply, which millions of people, cities and farms rely on the rest of the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been in this position before, and we’ve caught up in the past,” said Andy Reising, manager of the state’s Snow Surveys and Water Supply Forecasting Unit. “We don’t want to be going backwards at this time of year; we need more storms.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue this winter, Reising said, is that big atmospheric rivers brought more rain than snow in late December and early January, especially at lower elevations. And then the temperatures warmed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I haven’t seen this much liquid running under the snowpack at this time of year,” Reising said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999959\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999959\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/SierraSnowPackSurvey20262-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Department of Water Resources (from right) Engineer Jacob Kollen, Hydrometerologist Angelique Fabbiani-Leon and Snow Survey and Water Supply Forecasting Unit Manager Andy Reising take measurements during the second media snow survey of the 2026 season on Jan. 30, 2026, at Phillips Station in the Sierra Nevada. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Andrew Nixon/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>What may be occurring is a phenomenon known as weather whiplash. Warming temperatures are deepening California’s natural weather pattern, which bounces from wet to super-dry conditions that warmer temperatures can worsen. This can melt precious snow reservoirs early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re lucky that we got the fall and December that we did, because had this been the pattern all winter, we’d be in big trouble,” Daniel Swain, a University of California Agriculture and Natural Resources climate scientist, said in his virtual office hours YouTube series.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the snowpack across the Sierra Nevada is a tale of three realities. The northern part of the state is at 44% of normal, the Central Sierra at 59%, and the Southern Sierra at 77% for this time of year. Altogether, the state’s snowpack is at 59% of normal for this time of year.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The good news for California, at least, is that the Southern and Central Sierra is doing, if not great, doing fine snowpack-wise right now, at least at higher elevations,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swain said it’s still a little too early to tell if the rest of winter will ultimately be dry, but it would “take a miracle March and then some” to boost the snowpack ultimately.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a snow drought emerges, it will have negative ramifications for both the state’s water supply and wildfire risk, although at the moment, reservoir levels are at about 70% of average.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the reservoir perspective, we’ll be OK, but from a hydroclimate whiplash perspective, it’s quite possible that California could enter once again another wet-to-dry cycle as we go from spring into summer,” Swain said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Swain said he is not yet banking on a dry rest of the winter. Even though forecasters suggest the next two weeks could further shrink the snowpack, “ what happens later in February and March is really going to tell that tale,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reising understands it’s too early to predict snow across the mountain range, but “having two weeks ahead of us that we know is unlikely to produce any more snowpack and precipitation, that doesn’t look good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State climatologist Mike Anderson said there are “hints” that the second half of February could bring rain. For now, he’s holding out hope that “the storm door opens enough to get wet conditions to return.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California is dealing with a lot \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999767/some-bay-area-climate-stories-were-watching-this-year\">climate-wise\u003c/a>. Wildfires destroyed\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027578/how-we-rebuild-what-comes-after-the-la-fires\"> thousands of homes in L.A.\u003c/a> last year. Floods from storms and king tides \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999871/after-king-tides-swamp-marin-san-rafael-weighs-billion-dollar-defenses-against-the-bay\">swamped communities\u003c/a> across the state this winter. The Trump administration is attacking California’s ambitious policies aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036063/california-doubles-down-key-emissions-program-after-trump-calls-radical\">limiting carbon pollution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s next governor will have to deal with all of it. And the race to fill Gov. Gavin Newsom’s shoes is on. He positioned himself as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999192/california-moves-to-fill-the-void-left-by-the-federal-government-on-the-world-stag\">climate leader,\u003c/a> overseeing the build-out of battery storage and passing regulations to phase out gasoline-powered vehicles. However, advocates have \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2025/09/gavin-newsom-environmental-image/\">questioned that record\u003c/a> recently and criticized the administration for warming to the oil industry. There’s a whole field of candidates who want his job, including a new candidate who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071306/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-announces-run-for-california-governor\">entered the race on Thursday\u003c/a>, San José Mayor Matt Mahan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of the California gubernatorial hopefuls — former California Attorney General Xavier Becerra, former U.S. Rep. Katie Porter, billionaire climate activist and businessman Tom Steyer, and U.S. Rep. Eric Swalwell — debated their plans to address the impacts of climate change across the state during a \u003ca href=\"https://envirovoters.org/gubernatorial-forum/\">Tuesday evening forum\u003c/a> organized by California Environmental Voters, a nonprofit political advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They discussed reducing fossil fuel production and consumption and investing in green energy such as solar, wind and battery storage. The candidates agreed on many things, including the need to meet climate goals while also reducing the cost of energy to Californians’ wallets. They also discussed how to lower energy prices and to develop electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one expressed outright support for Gov. Newsom’s proposal for a 45-mile tunnel under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta as it is currently written, and some argued the state should consider ramping up other solutions like water recycling instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they pulled no punches in their criticism of President Donald Trump, arguing that the federal government has doubled down on fossil fuels and rejected climate science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999939\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999939\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Xavier Becerra speaks during a gubernatorial candidate forum at the UCSF Mission Bay campus in San Francisco on Jan. 26, 2026. The Urban League of the Bay Area hosted the forum. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The biggest challenge we have here is Donald Trump,” Becerra said. “[California pays] more taxes than any other state, yet the Trump administration is not sending it back to us in California. And so the first thing we have to do is fight like the dickens to make sure we’re getting our fair share.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swalwell, who represents parts of Alameda and Contra Costa counties, said he stands up to the Trump administration every day in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason my three little kids can’t play in the front yard is because of the death threats that he inspires against me,” Swalwell said. “I do not hide under the bed, and the way that I have gone after him and been a fighter in Congress is what I will do as governor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Environmental Voters invited the six top polling candidates, but only four agreed to participate.[aside postID=news_12071306 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250312-MATT-MAHAN-ON-PB-MD-02-KQED-1.jpg']Paasha Mahdavi, a political science professor at UC Santa Barbara, said the candidate forum lacked bold ideas and proposals that voters, especially young people, are asking for to address climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re not going to be bold in an EnviroVoters conversation, where are you gonna be bold?” Mahdavi said. “It’s not enough to be singing in the shower, get out on stage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leah Stokes, a political science professor also at UC Santa Barbara, listened to the forum and said it was exciting to hear four democrats actually “prioritize climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether or not they do everything they say in this forum, if one of them becomes Governor, is an open question,” Stokes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stokes said voters associate Newsom’s climate policies with the high cost of energy, and that’s one area where the candidates clearly tried to establish a contrast with their own ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The debate in many ways was less about the candidates debating each other and more about them debating Newsom’s record,” Stokes said. “He’s been a really big climate champion, and he certainly bills himself that way. But he’s also allowed electric utilities to consistently jack up rates, and that is creating an affordability crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Steyer — who ran for President on a climate-forward platform but has since leaned into an affordability message — was the boldest on climate action, but she did not think any of the candidates stole the limelight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999622\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999622\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 580 freeway in Oakland on Oct. 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Newsom’s got real charisma, and I don’t know if any of these candidates have that as much, which isn’t a criticism of them, but I think that’s part of why we’re not seeing a clear frontrunner,” Stokes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Environmental Voters, an event sponsor, released \u003ca href=\"https://envirovoters.org/new-polling-shows-californians-want-a-governor-who-tackles-affordability-by-leading-on-clean-energy-environmental-protection-and-corporate-accountability/\">new polling\u003c/a> this week that showed 65% of voters want the price of electric vehicles to become more affordable. The largest proportion of the state’s greenhouse gas emissions comes from transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter acknowledged the Trump administration’s efforts to block California from requiring 100% of vehicles be zero-emission or electric by 2035, but said the state also has other issues when it comes to electric cars, like high monthly loan payments and a lack of charging infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has built charging stations, but we are not anywhere near where we need to be, and those charging stations are not necessarily located in all of the communities they need to be in in order for us to make progress,” Porter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999943\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999943\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former U.S. Rep. Katie Porter speaks during a gubernatorial candidate forum at the UCSF Mission Bay campus in San Francisco on Jan. 26, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Steyer also hit on the affordability of electric vehicles, noting that “the job of the governor” is to make sure the price comes down by making affordable electric cars produced in places like China available to Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be complicated, but the facts are on the ground and by 2035, there’ll be $15,000 electric vehicles available,” Steyer said. “Mark my words.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer was initially the only candidate who said he would take steps to hold the oil industry accountable for the climate impacts on this state, saying he would have polluters pay “100%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when moderator Sammy Roth, who writes the \u003ca href=\"https://www.climatecoloredgoggles.com/\">Climate-Colored Goggles\u003c/a> Substack, pressed the candidates, they all agreed they would support \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997275/california-lawmakers-divided-over-polluters-pay-plan-to-combat-climate-crisis\">legislation\u003c/a> — which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997654/as-fires-floods-rage-californias-push-to-make-big-oil-pay-stalls-for-now\">repeatedly failed\u003c/a> in California — to force oil companies to pay for damages from wildfires and severe storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956280\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smoke blows past oil wells at sunset on the eastern flank of the 16,000-plus-acre Guiberson fire, burning in southern California on Sept. 23, 2009, near Moorpark, California. \u003ccite>(David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Clearly the window has shifted since all four supported it,” Mahdavi said. “But it did seem like we’re not gonna see too far a break from the status quo. And right now, people are not happy, especially younger voters, with the status quo. We do need an expanded ambition, but nobody really captured that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahdavi also said none of the candidates addressed how to support workers with what he called a “just transition,” which would be needed if the California oil industry were phased out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swalwell told the story of visiting a business in Altadena and learning that a person’s home had burned down. If elected, he said he will hold utility companies accountable by making sure they invest in “disaster improvements that they have to make and that we socialize the idea of managed outages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fire victims know that their homes will never come back the way that they knew, but they want to know that the next governor gets it and will fight for them,” Swalwell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999945\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Eric Swalwell speaks during a press conference after a rally in support of Proposition 50 at IBEW Local 6 in San Francisco on Nov. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The candidates didn’t quite agree on funding climate solutions, either, especially since the Trump administration cut millions of dollars for climate-related projects and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter suggested taxing AI companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI has the potential to make society much more wealthy,” Porter said. “We need to capture that wealth to address not only the environmental consequences of data centers and of AI, but the longstanding environmental challenges that we face.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer, a billionaire himself, alluded to taxing billionaires and closing tax loopholes as a solution, as did Becerra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was interesting to see a divide across the four,” Mahdavi said. “Then, when pushed directly on the idea of taxing billionaires, it was surprising to hear everybody agreed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California is dealing with a lot \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999767/some-bay-area-climate-stories-were-watching-this-year\">climate-wise\u003c/a>. Wildfires destroyed\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027578/how-we-rebuild-what-comes-after-the-la-fires\"> thousands of homes in L.A.\u003c/a> last year. Floods from storms and king tides \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999871/after-king-tides-swamp-marin-san-rafael-weighs-billion-dollar-defenses-against-the-bay\">swamped communities\u003c/a> across the state this winter. The Trump administration is attacking California’s ambitious policies aimed at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036063/california-doubles-down-key-emissions-program-after-trump-calls-radical\">limiting carbon pollution\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s next governor will have to deal with all of it. And the race to fill Gov. Gavin Newsom’s shoes is on. He positioned himself as a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999192/california-moves-to-fill-the-void-left-by-the-federal-government-on-the-world-stag\">climate leader,\u003c/a> overseeing the build-out of battery storage and passing regulations to phase out gasoline-powered vehicles. However, advocates have \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/commentary/2025/09/gavin-newsom-environmental-image/\">questioned that record\u003c/a> recently and criticized the administration for warming to the oil industry. There’s a whole field of candidates who want his job, including a new candidate who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071306/san-jose-mayor-matt-mahan-announces-run-for-california-governor\">entered the race on Thursday\u003c/a>, San José Mayor Matt Mahan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Four of the California gubernatorial hopefuls — former California Attorney General Xavier Becerra, former U.S. Rep. Katie Porter, billionaire climate activist and businessman Tom Steyer, and U.S. Rep. Eric Swalwell — debated their plans to address the impacts of climate change across the state during a \u003ca href=\"https://envirovoters.org/gubernatorial-forum/\">Tuesday evening forum\u003c/a> organized by California Environmental Voters, a nonprofit political advocacy organization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They discussed reducing fossil fuel production and consumption and investing in green energy such as solar, wind and battery storage. The candidates agreed on many things, including the need to meet climate goals while also reducing the cost of energy to Californians’ wallets. They also discussed how to lower energy prices and to develop electric vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No one expressed outright support for Gov. Newsom’s proposal for a 45-mile tunnel under the Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta as it is currently written, and some argued the state should consider ramping up other solutions like water recycling instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And they pulled no punches in their criticism of President Donald Trump, arguing that the federal government has doubled down on fossil fuels and rejected climate science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999939\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999939\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-24-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Xavier Becerra speaks during a gubernatorial candidate forum at the UCSF Mission Bay campus in San Francisco on Jan. 26, 2026. The Urban League of the Bay Area hosted the forum. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The biggest challenge we have here is Donald Trump,” Becerra said. “[California pays] more taxes than any other state, yet the Trump administration is not sending it back to us in California. And so the first thing we have to do is fight like the dickens to make sure we’re getting our fair share.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swalwell, who represents parts of Alameda and Contra Costa counties, said he stands up to the Trump administration every day in Congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reason my three little kids can’t play in the front yard is because of the death threats that he inspires against me,” Swalwell said. “I do not hide under the bed, and the way that I have gone after him and been a fighter in Congress is what I will do as governor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Environmental Voters invited the six top polling candidates, but only four agreed to participate.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Paasha Mahdavi, a political science professor at UC Santa Barbara, said the candidate forum lacked bold ideas and proposals that voters, especially young people, are asking for to address climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re not going to be bold in an EnviroVoters conversation, where are you gonna be bold?” Mahdavi said. “It’s not enough to be singing in the shower, get out on stage.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Leah Stokes, a political science professor also at UC Santa Barbara, listened to the forum and said it was exciting to hear four democrats actually “prioritize climate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether or not they do everything they say in this forum, if one of them becomes Governor, is an open question,” Stokes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stokes said voters associate Newsom’s climate policies with the high cost of energy, and that’s one area where the candidates clearly tried to establish a contrast with their own ideas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The debate in many ways was less about the candidates debating each other and more about them debating Newsom’s record,” Stokes said. “He’s been a really big climate champion, and he certainly bills himself that way. But he’s also allowed electric utilities to consistently jack up rates, and that is creating an affordability crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said Steyer — who ran for President on a climate-forward platform but has since leaned into an affordability message — was the boldest on climate action, but she did not think any of the candidates stole the limelight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999622\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999622\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/12/251021-I-580-MD-03_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 580 freeway in Oakland on Oct. 21, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Newsom’s got real charisma, and I don’t know if any of these candidates have that as much, which isn’t a criticism of them, but I think that’s part of why we’re not seeing a clear frontrunner,” Stokes said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Environmental Voters, an event sponsor, released \u003ca href=\"https://envirovoters.org/new-polling-shows-californians-want-a-governor-who-tackles-affordability-by-leading-on-clean-energy-environmental-protection-and-corporate-accountability/\">new polling\u003c/a> this week that showed 65% of voters want the price of electric vehicles to become more affordable. The largest proportion of the state’s greenhouse gas emissions comes from transportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter acknowledged the Trump administration’s efforts to block California from requiring 100% of vehicles be zero-emission or electric by 2035, but said the state also has other issues when it comes to electric cars, like high monthly loan payments and a lack of charging infrastructure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California has built charging stations, but we are not anywhere near where we need to be, and those charging stations are not necessarily located in all of the communities they need to be in in order for us to make progress,” Porter said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999943\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999943\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/260226-GovRaceForum-56-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former U.S. Rep. Katie Porter speaks during a gubernatorial candidate forum at the UCSF Mission Bay campus in San Francisco on Jan. 26, 2026. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Steyer also hit on the affordability of electric vehicles, noting that “the job of the governor” is to make sure the price comes down by making affordable electric cars produced in places like China available to Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It may be complicated, but the facts are on the ground and by 2035, there’ll be $15,000 electric vehicles available,” Steyer said. “Mark my words.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer was initially the only candidate who said he would take steps to hold the oil industry accountable for the climate impacts on this state, saying he would have polluters pay “100%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when moderator Sammy Roth, who writes the \u003ca href=\"https://www.climatecoloredgoggles.com/\">Climate-Colored Goggles\u003c/a> Substack, pressed the candidates, they all agreed they would support \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997275/california-lawmakers-divided-over-polluters-pay-plan-to-combat-climate-crisis\">legislation\u003c/a> — which has \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997654/as-fires-floods-rage-californias-push-to-make-big-oil-pay-stalls-for-now\">repeatedly failed\u003c/a> in California — to force oil companies to pay for damages from wildfires and severe storms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1956280\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1956280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2020/01/RS40976_GettyImages-91108734-qut-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Smoke blows past oil wells at sunset on the eastern flank of the 16,000-plus-acre Guiberson fire, burning in southern California on Sept. 23, 2009, near Moorpark, California. \u003ccite>(David McNew/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Clearly the window has shifted since all four supported it,” Mahdavi said. “But it did seem like we’re not gonna see too far a break from the status quo. And right now, people are not happy, especially younger voters, with the status quo. We do need an expanded ambition, but nobody really captured that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahdavi also said none of the candidates addressed how to support workers with what he called a “just transition,” which would be needed if the California oil industry were phased out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Swalwell told the story of visiting a business in Altadena and learning that a person’s home had burned down. If elected, he said he will hold utility companies accountable by making sure they invest in “disaster improvements that they have to make and that we socialize the idea of managed outages.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fire victims know that their homes will never come back the way that they knew, but they want to know that the next governor gets it and will fight for them,” Swalwell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999945\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/251103-NewsomProp50Rally-70-BL_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rep. Eric Swalwell speaks during a press conference after a rally in support of Proposition 50 at IBEW Local 6 in San Francisco on Nov. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The candidates didn’t quite agree on funding climate solutions, either, especially since the Trump administration cut millions of dollars for climate-related projects and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Porter suggested taxing AI companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AI has the potential to make society much more wealthy,” Porter said. “We need to capture that wealth to address not only the environmental consequences of data centers and of AI, but the longstanding environmental challenges that we face.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steyer, a billionaire himself, alluded to taxing billionaires and closing tax loopholes as a solution, as did Becerra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was interesting to see a divide across the four,” Mahdavi said. “Then, when pushed directly on the idea of taxing billionaires, it was surprising to hear everybody agreed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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