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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On February 5, 2025, President Trump signed an executive order banning transgender athletes from competing in women’s sports, fulfilling a promise he made on the campaign trail. Subsequently, the U.S. Department of Education announced an investigation into San José State University for allowing a transgender athlete to play on the volleyball team. Today, we’re revisiting an episode from December 2024 about how San José State’s volleyball team got caught up in the fight over women’s sports. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016463/how-anti-trans-politics-loomed-over-san-jose-states-volleyball-season\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This episode first ran on Dec. 4, 2024.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Links:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025974/federal-officials-investigate-san-jose-state-under-trumps-order-trans-athletes\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">NCAA Bars Trans Athletes as Federal Officials Launch Investigation of San José State\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9811486855&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there are errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:36] \u003c/em>Natalia, I wonder if we can start with just this San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State volleyball game that you went to, which I’m very curious about and just set the scene for me. Like, what was that like? What was the mood at this volleyball game?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:53] \u003c/em>Yeah, it was just a volleyball game for the most part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:02] \u003c/em>I hadn’t been to a volleyball game in a really long time, so I was surprised, like how exciting it was. It’s a very, like fast paced game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:16] \u003c/em>When I went it was San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State playing University of New Mexico. And it was just exciting. There were really they’re both making points. It was really cool. There are a good amount of spectators there. You know, people’s parents and other students. And for the most part, it looked like any other game. There were some security people there sort of escorting players around and like making sure that people didn’t go in this one area where the players were. There were several students there holding signs in support of the team. There was one protester who was holding a sign that said Protect women’s Sports to oppose the fact that this team was playing with all of its players there. But other than that, it was it was a normal college sports game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:14] \u003c/em>Which is really interesting because that is different from how it seems like the rest of the country is talking about San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State right now. And I want to talk about how that all started. I mean, the person who really thrust the team into the spotlight was San Jose State’s volleyball team, co-captain Brooke Slusser. Who is Brooke Slusser?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:41] \u003c/em>Yeah, she’s like you said, one of the co-captains of the team. She’s played on San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State for a couple of years. She played at a different college before that. So at some point earlier this year, Brooke Slusser, according to her court documents, here’s rumors that one of her teammates is trans. According to these documents, she’s really confused and upset about this information, but mostly keeps it to herself until an article comes out on an opinion site about this player. And then they have a conversation and which, according to Brooke, this player tells her that she’s trans. And Brooke says that she doesn’t want the player to be bullied but doesn’t think that she should be playing on the team. Brooks-lasure was reached out to by this group called Icons. It stands for Independent Counsel on Women’s Sports. They’re essentially an anti-trans advocacy group who is funding Reilly Gaines lawsuit against the NCAA to try to keep trans players out of the NCAA. A rally gains as a former college swimmer and now an anti-trans advocate. And so they approached Brooke Slusser and brought her in as an additional plaintiff on this lawsuit. And she, you know, told the court that her teammate is trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:12] \u003c/em>So this happened in September, right? When Slusser joined this already existing lawsuit brought forward first by a former college swimmer named Riley Gaines. What is this lawsuit about exactly? What is it, I guess ultimately seeking to do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:31] \u003c/em>The overall relief that they are seeking is really quite broad. The lawsuit is seeking to ban trans athletes from college sports, trying to get the court to agree that including them violates Title nine, which is the federal law that prohibits discrimination based on sex and educational settings. Also to go back into the history of things and rescind any records or wins from trans athletes. It will require sex verification to make sure there are no trans athletes playing. This would really change how Title nine is being used in in terms of trans bans and stuff like that in courts. Right now, courts have allowed a lot of states to ban trans people from sports. What this would do if this went the way of the plaintiffs is it would say not only can they ban trans people from sports, they actually have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:39] \u003c/em>And I mean, why exactly did Slusser get involved in this lawsuit in the first place? What does she say about her teammates specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:49] \u003c/em>I reached out to her to talk about this. You never go back to me, but she did talk on Megan Kelley’s podcast. She’s talk on Fox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:58] \u003c/em>Everything in my body was like, this is so wrong. It’s not fair. It shouldn’t be happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:04] \u003c/em>She says that her teammate, who she says is trans, is more physically imposing than her, her fellow teammates, that she just has an unbeatable power that puts her and her teammates at risk of injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:20] \u003c/em>Again, the power behind this swing is just so different. And if you’re not completely prepared for it, you will get blown up. And that’s the scariest part, because that could end your career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:31] \u003c/em>She’s saying that, you know, having a player that was born male makes it unfair for her and also dangerous for her and her teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:41] \u003c/em>And so I think at the end of the day, I just got so far up, I was like, I want to be able to make this change for other people coming into collegiate sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:48] \u003c/em>I mean, Slusser is alleging, first of all, that she has a trans teammate. But has this teammate said anything publicly about this or her gender identity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:59] \u003c/em>So your listeners will notice that we are not saying her name, and that’s because she hasn’t said anything publicly about her gender identity. San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State has not provided any information about her gender identity. They cite privacy laws and they have maintained that all of their players meet NCAA, a Mountain West Conference rules and that’s all they will say about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:24] \u003c/em>But we do know who she is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:27] \u003c/em>Yes, we do know who she is. Her name has been very much out there. The lawsuits and the articles on conservative sites that Brooke Slusser and others have commented on frequently use him pronouns for this player and generally talk pretty directly about her physicality, etc.. We’re not doing that, but it’s definitely out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:56] \u003c/em>I mean, what do we know about whether Brooke’s allegations are, in fact, true? Like, does this player have any clear physical advantages compared to her teammates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:08] \u003c/em>It seems like no. This player has played for San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State for a couple of years, has played at a previous university, and there were no problems that I could find. One of the things that Brooke Slusser and others have said is that, you know, she’s she’s so physically imposing and yet she’s about six one. I looked at the roster for the team and more than half a dozen of the players on that team are above six feet. Volleyball players on the whole are usually quite tall. She’s not even the tallest one on San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State University’s team. I talked to a lot of experts who deal with inclusion in sports and who, you know, have read the science and they say that there is no evidence that there is any sort of universal advantage that trans women have in sports, especially once they’ve transitioned medically. Oftentimes, trans women have lower testosterone levels than cisgender women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:18] \u003c/em>According to Slusser, her teammates spikes the ball as fast as 80 mph, which would make her as strong as some of the best men’s players ever. But ESPN analyzed the speed of the teammates spikes in five different games, including ones that went viral. ESPN found that the average speed of those spikes was just over 50 mph, and the fastest was estimated at 64 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:54] \u003c/em>So, Natalia, I mean, how do trans women join a college sports team? Are there special rules that they have to follow in order to qualify?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:04] \u003c/em>Yeah, there are. In terms of the NCAA, who manages most college sports teams, their rules generally are that someone has to have medically transitioned, which usually means taking of hormones like testosterone or estrogen, usually. And they have to have been on that for a certain amount of time. The rules are pretty complicated and spread out to various things for various different sports. But generally, those who have medically transitioned can join sports. Sometimes that means the NCAA will require them to do particular hormone checks throughout the year. But current NCAA rules say that they can play in the sport that aligns with their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:50] \u003c/em>Yeah, I mean, and how many people are we actually talking about? How many trans players are actually participating right now in college sports? What do we know about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:58] \u003c/em>Overall, trans people are a really small portion of the American population. And trans athletes are even smaller portion of that small portion. And the ones that make it to the level of Division one, college sports, it’s kind of very small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:17] \u003c/em>So Brooke Slusser and the other people behind the lawsuit are basically arguing that the NCAA rules allowing trans athletes to play violate civil rights law, in particular, Title IX. What are the arguments around that? What have you heard?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:34] \u003c/em>Yeah. I reached out to the plaintiffs lawyers, Brooks Loesser’s, lawyers and others on the NCAA lawsuit, and none of them got back to me for comment. But from the lawsuit, basically they do say exactly that. They just say allowing trans people to play on women’s sports teams in itself violates Title IX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:54] \u003c/em>On the other hand, you did talk with people who disagree with that interpretation of Title IX, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:00] \u003c/em>Yeah, exactly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:02] \u003c/em>This would just lead to an incredible marginalization of an already marginalized group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:08] \u003c/em>I talked to a lawyer at the National Women’s Law Center show, Shiwali Patel. She’s a title IX expert, and she had not great things to say about this lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:20] \u003c/em>Title IX can’t be used to justify exclusion of a vulnerable group of students from equal educational opportunities based on how they look or play or who they are. What these plaintiffs are seeking to do is to really turn Title nine on its head and to remove it from its purpose of equal educational opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:39] \u003c/em>She says that this is not really doing anything to protect women’s sports. There’s a lot less access to facilities. There is a lot less funding, there’s a lot less research in order to to prevent injury. Like there’s a lot of stuff here that needs to be done in terms of protecting women in sports. And she says that none of that has anything to do with kicking trans people out of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:06] \u003c/em>There are well-documented actual issues when it comes to gender inequity in sport that if they were to put their resources and time into that, they could be fighting to achieve gender equity. This is not one of them, you know, and trying to exclude trans women and girls from women and girls sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:23] \u003c/em>I know you talked to people who think that banning trans women from sports is part of this larger effort to restrict LGBTQ rights more broadly. What do you hear from people you spoke to about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:36] \u003c/em>I talked to Erin Reid, who is an independent journalist who covers anti-trans legislation all over the country. And she had a really interesting thought about this, that it really isn’t about any sort of particular advantage, that it’s just about discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:56] \u003c/em>To be clear, you know, we are seeing bans not just in, you know, heavy impact sports, but we’re also seeing bans on transgender athletes and sports like chess and darts and fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:10] \u003c/em>And she thought that it was interesting that this is folk focusing on sports because she mentioned that she has heard from conservative pundits that sports is actually an easy way to get people who are against the LGBTQ community. It’s an easy entry point for them to start talking about trans issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:34] \u003c/em>And many of the same states that started with transgender participation in sports, in fact, not just many. Virtually all of the states, with the exception of Alaska, have gone on to pass gender affirming caravans for trans youth, have gone on to pass other bills like don’t say gay, don’t say trans. We see book bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:51] \u003c/em>I mean, I can’t imagine. What the last few months must have been like for the San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State volleyball team. I mean, how often did this issue come up for San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State this season?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:06] \u003c/em>It was kind of a constant. Several universities forfeited their games against San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State and that’s part of what made the news so big because they refused to play the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:21] \u003c/em>And to be clear, these teams were forfeiting in protest of this teammate that Slusser alleges is trans. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:29] \u003c/em>That’s, I think, a safe assumption. But we don’t know that for sure. Most of the the universities have not said that per se.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:40] \u003c/em>At the beginning of this season, brave women across our conference were meeting with their coaches and school administration, telling them that they would not play against San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:49] \u003c/em>But for example, in in the case of the University of Nevada, Reno, several of the players from that team attended a rally put on by icons, which is that anti-trans organization that’s funding the lawsuit against the NCAA and spoke about the fact that they are against this supposedly trans player being a part of the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:12] \u003c/em>I never expected to be blindsided having to compete against a male athlete. I will continue to fight for my friends, my family, and the next generation of female athletes. All female athletes deserve to be protected at every level and every age. This is unfair and it has to be stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:36] \u003c/em>The team while having a obviously a very tough season. And I can’t even imagine what it would be like to be on that team right now. I’m sure that the conversations that are happening are really hard. But they were able to make it to the postseason. And just this past week, they played at the Mountain West Conference tournament and had another high profile forfeit from Boise State. But that got them into the into the final match against Colorado. And they did lose that match, but they made it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:14] \u003c/em>What if folks from the team said about what this season has been like for them? I mean, sponsor other teammates, the coaches? Have they said anything publicly about what this season has been like?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:25] \u003c/em>You know, the whole team has been pretty tight lipped about this. I get the sense that they’re being told by the university and maybe probably by legal advisers at the university to not say anything publicly. So I did not get any responses to my questions about these things from players and from coaches. They were never available after games to talk. Brooks-lasure has talked about, obviously the the lawsuit itself, but we don’t have that much of an insight into what the daily life is and what the daily practices are like for this team. If you took away all of the context and you were just watching them play, I don’t think you would really know that all of this stuff was going on because the two players, Brooks Lesser and the teammate that she says is trans, that she is in court trying to get out of her team. They are playing right next to each other and they’re, you know, for doing pretty well. They won the game. But I went to go see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:33] \u003c/em>San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State’s women’s volleyball season has ended, right? It ended last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:40] \u003c/em>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:41] \u003c/em>But how do you think this story could still have ripple effects even beyond San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:47] \u003c/em>Yeah, I think it is really much bigger than San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State. And when we’re talking about sort of trickle down effects of this this sort of lawsuit and this sort of larger political conversation about trans people in sports, is that it can affect people of all gender identities. We could talk about the Olympics this past summer and the Algerian boxer, Amani Khalifa, who is a cisgender woman who people sort of decided, maybe she’s trans. And it became this whole thing. Another example is the situation that happened in Utah, which does have a trans sports ban in place. There was a girl playing high school sports and someone on the athletics association and in relation to the school thought that she was trans. And then there was this whole investigation into this child’s gender, unbeknownst to her or her parents. It can really be a problem where we’re now people are sort of pointing fingers at people, young girls and women who maybe don’t fit gender stereotypes and and now have to somehow prove that they are who they say they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:07] \u003c/em>Natalia, thank you so much for walking us through this story. I really appreciate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:12] \u003c/em>It. Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On February 5, 2025, President Trump signed an executive order banning transgender athletes from competing in women’s sports, fulfilling a promise he made on the campaign trail. Subsequently, the U.S. Department of Education announced an investigation into San José State University for allowing a transgender athlete to play on the volleyball team. Today, we’re revisiting an episode from December 2024 about how San José State’s volleyball team got caught up in the fight over women’s sports. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12016463/how-anti-trans-politics-loomed-over-san-jose-states-volleyball-season\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This episode first ran on Dec. 4, 2024.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Links:\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025974/federal-officials-investigate-san-jose-state-under-trumps-order-trans-athletes\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">NCAA Bars Trans Athletes as Federal Officials Launch Investigation of San José State\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC9811486855&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there are errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:36] \u003c/em>Natalia, I wonder if we can start with just this San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State volleyball game that you went to, which I’m very curious about and just set the scene for me. Like, what was that like? What was the mood at this volleyball game?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:53] \u003c/em>Yeah, it was just a volleyball game for the most part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:02] \u003c/em>I hadn’t been to a volleyball game in a really long time, so I was surprised, like how exciting it was. It’s a very, like fast paced game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:16] \u003c/em>When I went it was San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State playing University of New Mexico. And it was just exciting. There were really they’re both making points. It was really cool. There are a good amount of spectators there. You know, people’s parents and other students. And for the most part, it looked like any other game. There were some security people there sort of escorting players around and like making sure that people didn’t go in this one area where the players were. There were several students there holding signs in support of the team. There was one protester who was holding a sign that said Protect women’s Sports to oppose the fact that this team was playing with all of its players there. But other than that, it was it was a normal college sports game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:14] \u003c/em>Which is really interesting because that is different from how it seems like the rest of the country is talking about San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State right now. And I want to talk about how that all started. I mean, the person who really thrust the team into the spotlight was San Jose State’s volleyball team, co-captain Brooke Slusser. Who is Brooke Slusser?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:41] \u003c/em>Yeah, she’s like you said, one of the co-captains of the team. She’s played on San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State for a couple of years. She played at a different college before that. So at some point earlier this year, Brooke Slusser, according to her court documents, here’s rumors that one of her teammates is trans. According to these documents, she’s really confused and upset about this information, but mostly keeps it to herself until an article comes out on an opinion site about this player. And then they have a conversation and which, according to Brooke, this player tells her that she’s trans. And Brooke says that she doesn’t want the player to be bullied but doesn’t think that she should be playing on the team. Brooks-lasure was reached out to by this group called Icons. It stands for Independent Counsel on Women’s Sports. They’re essentially an anti-trans advocacy group who is funding Reilly Gaines lawsuit against the NCAA to try to keep trans players out of the NCAA. A rally gains as a former college swimmer and now an anti-trans advocate. And so they approached Brooke Slusser and brought her in as an additional plaintiff on this lawsuit. And she, you know, told the court that her teammate is trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:12] \u003c/em>So this happened in September, right? When Slusser joined this already existing lawsuit brought forward first by a former college swimmer named Riley Gaines. What is this lawsuit about exactly? What is it, I guess ultimately seeking to do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:31] \u003c/em>The overall relief that they are seeking is really quite broad. The lawsuit is seeking to ban trans athletes from college sports, trying to get the court to agree that including them violates Title nine, which is the federal law that prohibits discrimination based on sex and educational settings. Also to go back into the history of things and rescind any records or wins from trans athletes. It will require sex verification to make sure there are no trans athletes playing. This would really change how Title nine is being used in in terms of trans bans and stuff like that in courts. Right now, courts have allowed a lot of states to ban trans people from sports. What this would do if this went the way of the plaintiffs is it would say not only can they ban trans people from sports, they actually have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:39] \u003c/em>And I mean, why exactly did Slusser get involved in this lawsuit in the first place? What does she say about her teammates specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:49] \u003c/em>I reached out to her to talk about this. You never go back to me, but she did talk on Megan Kelley’s podcast. She’s talk on Fox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:58] \u003c/em>Everything in my body was like, this is so wrong. It’s not fair. It shouldn’t be happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:04] \u003c/em>She says that her teammate, who she says is trans, is more physically imposing than her, her fellow teammates, that she just has an unbeatable power that puts her and her teammates at risk of injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:20] \u003c/em>Again, the power behind this swing is just so different. And if you’re not completely prepared for it, you will get blown up. And that’s the scariest part, because that could end your career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:31] \u003c/em>She’s saying that, you know, having a player that was born male makes it unfair for her and also dangerous for her and her teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:41] \u003c/em>And so I think at the end of the day, I just got so far up, I was like, I want to be able to make this change for other people coming into collegiate sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:48] \u003c/em>I mean, Slusser is alleging, first of all, that she has a trans teammate. But has this teammate said anything publicly about this or her gender identity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:59] \u003c/em>So your listeners will notice that we are not saying her name, and that’s because she hasn’t said anything publicly about her gender identity. San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State has not provided any information about her gender identity. They cite privacy laws and they have maintained that all of their players meet NCAA, a Mountain West Conference rules and that’s all they will say about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:24] \u003c/em>But we do know who she is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:27] \u003c/em>Yes, we do know who she is. Her name has been very much out there. The lawsuits and the articles on conservative sites that Brooke Slusser and others have commented on frequently use him pronouns for this player and generally talk pretty directly about her physicality, etc.. We’re not doing that, but it’s definitely out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:56] \u003c/em>I mean, what do we know about whether Brooke’s allegations are, in fact, true? Like, does this player have any clear physical advantages compared to her teammates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:08] \u003c/em>It seems like no. This player has played for San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State for a couple of years, has played at a previous university, and there were no problems that I could find. One of the things that Brooke Slusser and others have said is that, you know, she’s she’s so physically imposing and yet she’s about six one. I looked at the roster for the team and more than half a dozen of the players on that team are above six feet. Volleyball players on the whole are usually quite tall. She’s not even the tallest one on San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State University’s team. I talked to a lot of experts who deal with inclusion in sports and who, you know, have read the science and they say that there is no evidence that there is any sort of universal advantage that trans women have in sports, especially once they’ve transitioned medically. Oftentimes, trans women have lower testosterone levels than cisgender women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:18] \u003c/em>According to Slusser, her teammates spikes the ball as fast as 80 mph, which would make her as strong as some of the best men’s players ever. But ESPN analyzed the speed of the teammates spikes in five different games, including ones that went viral. ESPN found that the average speed of those spikes was just over 50 mph, and the fastest was estimated at 64 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:54] \u003c/em>So, Natalia, I mean, how do trans women join a college sports team? Are there special rules that they have to follow in order to qualify?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:04] \u003c/em>Yeah, there are. In terms of the NCAA, who manages most college sports teams, their rules generally are that someone has to have medically transitioned, which usually means taking of hormones like testosterone or estrogen, usually. And they have to have been on that for a certain amount of time. The rules are pretty complicated and spread out to various things for various different sports. But generally, those who have medically transitioned can join sports. Sometimes that means the NCAA will require them to do particular hormone checks throughout the year. But current NCAA rules say that they can play in the sport that aligns with their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:50] \u003c/em>Yeah, I mean, and how many people are we actually talking about? How many trans players are actually participating right now in college sports? What do we know about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:58] \u003c/em>Overall, trans people are a really small portion of the American population. And trans athletes are even smaller portion of that small portion. And the ones that make it to the level of Division one, college sports, it’s kind of very small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:17] \u003c/em>So Brooke Slusser and the other people behind the lawsuit are basically arguing that the NCAA rules allowing trans athletes to play violate civil rights law, in particular, Title IX. What are the arguments around that? What have you heard?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:34] \u003c/em>Yeah. I reached out to the plaintiffs lawyers, Brooks Loesser’s, lawyers and others on the NCAA lawsuit, and none of them got back to me for comment. But from the lawsuit, basically they do say exactly that. They just say allowing trans people to play on women’s sports teams in itself violates Title IX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:54] \u003c/em>On the other hand, you did talk with people who disagree with that interpretation of Title IX, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:00] \u003c/em>Yeah, exactly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:02] \u003c/em>This would just lead to an incredible marginalization of an already marginalized group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:08] \u003c/em>I talked to a lawyer at the National Women’s Law Center show, Shiwali Patel. She’s a title IX expert, and she had not great things to say about this lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:20] \u003c/em>Title IX can’t be used to justify exclusion of a vulnerable group of students from equal educational opportunities based on how they look or play or who they are. What these plaintiffs are seeking to do is to really turn Title nine on its head and to remove it from its purpose of equal educational opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:39] \u003c/em>She says that this is not really doing anything to protect women’s sports. There’s a lot less access to facilities. There is a lot less funding, there’s a lot less research in order to to prevent injury. Like there’s a lot of stuff here that needs to be done in terms of protecting women in sports. And she says that none of that has anything to do with kicking trans people out of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:06] \u003c/em>There are well-documented actual issues when it comes to gender inequity in sport that if they were to put their resources and time into that, they could be fighting to achieve gender equity. This is not one of them, you know, and trying to exclude trans women and girls from women and girls sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:23] \u003c/em>I know you talked to people who think that banning trans women from sports is part of this larger effort to restrict LGBTQ rights more broadly. What do you hear from people you spoke to about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:36] \u003c/em>I talked to Erin Reid, who is an independent journalist who covers anti-trans legislation all over the country. And she had a really interesting thought about this, that it really isn’t about any sort of particular advantage, that it’s just about discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:56] \u003c/em>To be clear, you know, we are seeing bans not just in, you know, heavy impact sports, but we’re also seeing bans on transgender athletes and sports like chess and darts and fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:10] \u003c/em>And she thought that it was interesting that this is folk focusing on sports because she mentioned that she has heard from conservative pundits that sports is actually an easy way to get people who are against the LGBTQ community. It’s an easy entry point for them to start talking about trans issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:34] \u003c/em>And many of the same states that started with transgender participation in sports, in fact, not just many. Virtually all of the states, with the exception of Alaska, have gone on to pass gender affirming caravans for trans youth, have gone on to pass other bills like don’t say gay, don’t say trans. We see book bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:51] \u003c/em>I mean, I can’t imagine. What the last few months must have been like for the San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State volleyball team. I mean, how often did this issue come up for San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State this season?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:06] \u003c/em>It was kind of a constant. Several universities forfeited their games against San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State and that’s part of what made the news so big because they refused to play the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:21] \u003c/em>And to be clear, these teams were forfeiting in protest of this teammate that Slusser alleges is trans. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:29] \u003c/em>That’s, I think, a safe assumption. But we don’t know that for sure. Most of the the universities have not said that per se.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:40] \u003c/em>At the beginning of this season, brave women across our conference were meeting with their coaches and school administration, telling them that they would not play against San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:49] \u003c/em>But for example, in in the case of the University of Nevada, Reno, several of the players from that team attended a rally put on by icons, which is that anti-trans organization that’s funding the lawsuit against the NCAA and spoke about the fact that they are against this supposedly trans player being a part of the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:12] \u003c/em>I never expected to be blindsided having to compete against a male athlete. I will continue to fight for my friends, my family, and the next generation of female athletes. All female athletes deserve to be protected at every level and every age. This is unfair and it has to be stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:36] \u003c/em>The team while having a obviously a very tough season. And I can’t even imagine what it would be like to be on that team right now. I’m sure that the conversations that are happening are really hard. But they were able to make it to the postseason. And just this past week, they played at the Mountain West Conference tournament and had another high profile forfeit from Boise State. But that got them into the into the final match against Colorado. And they did lose that match, but they made it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:14] \u003c/em>What if folks from the team said about what this season has been like for them? I mean, sponsor other teammates, the coaches? Have they said anything publicly about what this season has been like?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:25] \u003c/em>You know, the whole team has been pretty tight lipped about this. I get the sense that they’re being told by the university and maybe probably by legal advisers at the university to not say anything publicly. So I did not get any responses to my questions about these things from players and from coaches. They were never available after games to talk. Brooks-lasure has talked about, obviously the the lawsuit itself, but we don’t have that much of an insight into what the daily life is and what the daily practices are like for this team. If you took away all of the context and you were just watching them play, I don’t think you would really know that all of this stuff was going on because the two players, Brooks Lesser and the teammate that she says is trans, that she is in court trying to get out of her team. They are playing right next to each other and they’re, you know, for doing pretty well. They won the game. But I went to go see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:33] \u003c/em>San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State’s women’s volleyball season has ended, right? It ended last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:40] \u003c/em>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:41] \u003c/em>But how do you think this story could still have ripple effects even beyond San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:47] \u003c/em>Yeah, I think it is really much bigger than San \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">José\u003c/span> State. And when we’re talking about sort of trickle down effects of this this sort of lawsuit and this sort of larger political conversation about trans people in sports, is that it can affect people of all gender identities. We could talk about the Olympics this past summer and the Algerian boxer, Amani Khalifa, who is a cisgender woman who people sort of decided, maybe she’s trans. And it became this whole thing. Another example is the situation that happened in Utah, which does have a trans sports ban in place. There was a girl playing high school sports and someone on the athletics association and in relation to the school thought that she was trans. And then there was this whole investigation into this child’s gender, unbeknownst to her or her parents. It can really be a problem where we’re now people are sort of pointing fingers at people, young girls and women who maybe don’t fit gender stereotypes and and now have to somehow prove that they are who they say they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:07] \u003c/em>Natalia, thank you so much for walking us through this story. I really appreciate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:12] \u003c/em>It. Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 4:10 p.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after federal education officials on Thursday announced an investigation into \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose-state-university\">San José State University\u003c/a> for alleged Title IX violations, the NCAA said it would ban transgender students from participating in women’s sports in line with a new executive order from President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SJSU has been at the center of a nationwide debate since a women’s volleyball player and others sued last year, seeking to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015114/anti-trans-lawsuit-seeks-ban-san-jose-state-volleyball-player-tournament\">bar a player they said was transgender\u003c/a>. The Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights will look into whether the school discriminated against female athletes and jeopardized their right to equal opportunity and fair play, according to a press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San José State University is committed to ensuring that all of our students, including our student-athletes, are treated fairly, free from discrimination, and afforded the rights and protections granted under federal and state law, including privacy rights,” President Cynthia Teniente-Matson said in a statement on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our focus remains on our values including fostering an environment that cultivates compassion, where every student has the opportunity to thrive,” Teniente-Matson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NCAA, which has also faced public criticism for allowing transgender athletes to compete on women’s teams, announced Thursday afternoon that it is changing its participation policy to align with the federal regulations established by Trump. Under the association’s new policy, student-athletes who are assigned male at birth will be prohibited from competing on a women’s team regardless of gender identity, although the rule also applies to cisgender female athletes who are taking testosterone treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015202\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans volleyball team jumps for the ball during their home game against the University of New Mexico Lobos on Saturday, Nov. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Natalia Navarro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The policy changes do not affect NCAA competitive men’s sports, and all students will still be permitted to practice on a team consistent with their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We strongly believe that clear, consistent, and uniform eligibility standards would best serve today’s student-athletes instead of a patchwork of conflicting state laws and court decisions,” Charlie Baker, NCAA president, said in a statement on Wednesday. “To that end, President Trump’s order provides a clear, national standard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom Temprano, managing director of the nonprofit Equality California, said the NCAA’s decision is deeply disappointing and further marginalizes vulnerable students who actually make up a very small percentage of student-athletes. Less than 0.002% of NCAA athletes are transgender, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about aligning with federal policy,” Temprano said. “Trump does not get to dictate from on high what the laws are in the United States of America. Congress was the one that enacted Title IX to outlaw sex discrimination in schools for all students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Institutions need to band together to resist the Trump administration instead of following its orders blindly, Temprano said, adding that now is the time for schools to reaffirm their commitment to protecting their transgender athletes and students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/02/keeping-men-out-of-womens-sports/\">executive order\u003c/a>, the latest in a series of directives targeting transgender people and what the president has labeled “Gender Ideology Extremism,” federal agencies are directed to withhold funding from institutions that allow transgender students to participate in sports teams that do not align with their biological sex. According to the Trump administration, the order protects female students from the biological athletic advantages associated with the male sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no evidence that transgender women who medically transition have any universal athletic advantages over their cisgender counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg\" alt=\"People wearing volleyball uniforms shake hands near the volleyball net.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans volleyball team greets their opponents, the University of New Mexico Lobos, before playing their home game on Nov. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Natalia Navarro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By using the Department of Education to enforce the policy, the Trump administration is changing the interpretation of Title IX, a 1972 civil rights law that prohibits sex discrimination in schools that receive federal funding. Last month, a federal judge in Kentucky \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/title-ix-lgbtq-transgender-biden-605ed79a22633f4c791058994d8ed5de\">rejected a Biden administration rule\u003c/a> that used Title IX to outlaw discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity, striking down expanded protections for LGBTQ students and opening the door for Trump’s move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last week, the U.S. Department of Education notified K-12 schools and higher education institutions of a return to enforcing Title IX protections on the basis of biological sex,” reads the press release announcing the investigation. “Yesterday’s Executive Order ensures that federally funded institutions of higher education prioritize fairness and safety in women’s sports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of Pennsylvania and the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association are also facing separate investigations by the department for similar Title IX allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12015114 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-12-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The previous administration trampled the rights of American women and girls — and ignored the indignities to which they were subjected in bathrooms and locker rooms,” Craig Trainor, the acting assistant secretary for civil rights, said in the press release, echoing the anti-trans rhetoric that Trump and other Republicans have used to target transgender women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shiwali Patel, senior director of safe and inclusive schools at the National Women’s Law Center, told KQED that courts have affirmed Title IX protections extend to transgender students in multiple contexts, including sports and bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Utilizing the Title IX enforcement process as a way to engage in discrimination against trans women and girls, to essentially weaponize this critical civil rights law and turn it on its head, is such a gross abuse of power,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The controversy surrounding SJSU women’s volleyball began last fall when some schools, including the University of Wyoming and Boise State University, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12007485/san-jose-state-volleyball-faces-wave-of-forfeits-in-apparent-protest-over-transgender-athlete\">refused to play against the Spartans\u003c/a> in an apparent protest against NCAA policies allowing transgender women to compete in women’s sports. Several members of the team and others in the Mountain West Conference, including Spartans co-captain Brooke Slusser, filed a lawsuit against SJSU and the conference in November and asked that the courts issue an emergency injunction barring the athlete from playing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the SJSU player who was targeted by the lawsuit has never spoken publicly about her gender identity, KQED is not identifying her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate injunction request was rejected by both U.S. District Judge S. Kato Crews and the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals on the grounds of sex discrimination and lack of evidence that the player’s participation would cause irreparable harm. The larger lawsuit is still ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another lawsuit was also filed earlier that year against the NCAA by former University of Kentucky swimmer Riley Gaines, accusing the athletics association of discriminating against cisgender women by allowing a transgender athlete from the University of Pennsylvania to compete in the national championships. Slusser is also a plaintiff in that suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/nnavarro\">\u003cem>Natalia Navarro\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated 4:10 p.m. Thursday\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hours after federal education officials on Thursday announced an investigation into \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose-state-university\">San José State University\u003c/a> for alleged Title IX violations, the NCAA said it would ban transgender students from participating in women’s sports in line with a new executive order from President Trump.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SJSU has been at the center of a nationwide debate since a women’s volleyball player and others sued last year, seeking to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015114/anti-trans-lawsuit-seeks-ban-san-jose-state-volleyball-player-tournament\">bar a player they said was transgender\u003c/a>. The Department of Education’s Office for Civil Rights will look into whether the school discriminated against female athletes and jeopardized their right to equal opportunity and fair play, according to a press release.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“San José State University is committed to ensuring that all of our students, including our student-athletes, are treated fairly, free from discrimination, and afforded the rights and protections granted under federal and state law, including privacy rights,” President Cynthia Teniente-Matson said in a statement on Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our focus remains on our values including fostering an environment that cultivates compassion, where every student has the opportunity to thrive,” Teniente-Matson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The NCAA, which has also faced public criticism for allowing transgender athletes to compete on women’s teams, announced Thursday afternoon that it is changing its participation policy to align with the federal regulations established by Trump. Under the association’s new policy, student-athletes who are assigned male at birth will be prohibited from competing on a women’s team regardless of gender identity, although the rule also applies to cisgender female athletes who are taking testosterone treatments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015202\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015202\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-09-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans volleyball team jumps for the ball during their home game against the University of New Mexico Lobos on Saturday, Nov. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Natalia Navarro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The policy changes do not affect NCAA competitive men’s sports, and all students will still be permitted to practice on a team consistent with their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We strongly believe that clear, consistent, and uniform eligibility standards would best serve today’s student-athletes instead of a patchwork of conflicting state laws and court decisions,” Charlie Baker, NCAA president, said in a statement on Wednesday. “To that end, President Trump’s order provides a clear, national standard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tom Temprano, managing director of the nonprofit Equality California, said the NCAA’s decision is deeply disappointing and further marginalizes vulnerable students who actually make up a very small percentage of student-athletes. Less than 0.002% of NCAA athletes are transgender, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not about aligning with federal policy,” Temprano said. “Trump does not get to dictate from on high what the laws are in the United States of America. Congress was the one that enacted Title IX to outlaw sex discrimination in schools for all students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Institutions need to band together to resist the Trump administration instead of following its orders blindly, Temprano said, adding that now is the time for schools to reaffirm their commitment to protecting their transgender athletes and students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under the \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/02/keeping-men-out-of-womens-sports/\">executive order\u003c/a>, the latest in a series of directives targeting transgender people and what the president has labeled “Gender Ideology Extremism,” federal agencies are directed to withhold funding from institutions that allow transgender students to participate in sports teams that do not align with their biological sex. According to the Trump administration, the order protects female students from the biological athletic advantages associated with the male sex.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no evidence that transgender women who medically transition have any universal athletic advantages over their cisgender counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12015199\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12015199\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg\" alt=\"People wearing volleyball uniforms shake hands near the volleyball net.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/11/241120-TransgenderAthletes-03-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José State Spartans volleyball team greets their opponents, the University of New Mexico Lobos, before playing their home game on Nov. 2, 2024. \u003ccite>(Natalia Navarro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>By using the Department of Education to enforce the policy, the Trump administration is changing the interpretation of Title IX, a 1972 civil rights law that prohibits sex discrimination in schools that receive federal funding. Last month, a federal judge in Kentucky \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/title-ix-lgbtq-transgender-biden-605ed79a22633f4c791058994d8ed5de\">rejected a Biden administration rule\u003c/a> that used Title IX to outlaw discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender identity, striking down expanded protections for LGBTQ students and opening the door for Trump’s move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last week, the U.S. Department of Education notified K-12 schools and higher education institutions of a return to enforcing Title IX protections on the basis of biological sex,” reads the press release announcing the investigation. “Yesterday’s Executive Order ensures that federally funded institutions of higher education prioritize fairness and safety in women’s sports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The University of Pennsylvania and the Massachusetts Interscholastic Athletic Association are also facing separate investigations by the department for similar Title IX allegations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The previous administration trampled the rights of American women and girls — and ignored the indignities to which they were subjected in bathrooms and locker rooms,” Craig Trainor, the acting assistant secretary for civil rights, said in the press release, echoing the anti-trans rhetoric that Trump and other Republicans have used to target transgender women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Shiwali Patel, senior director of safe and inclusive schools at the National Women’s Law Center, told KQED that courts have affirmed Title IX protections extend to transgender students in multiple contexts, including sports and bathrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Utilizing the Title IX enforcement process as a way to engage in discrimination against trans women and girls, to essentially weaponize this critical civil rights law and turn it on its head, is such a gross abuse of power,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The controversy surrounding SJSU women’s volleyball began last fall when some schools, including the University of Wyoming and Boise State University, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12007485/san-jose-state-volleyball-faces-wave-of-forfeits-in-apparent-protest-over-transgender-athlete\">refused to play against the Spartans\u003c/a> in an apparent protest against NCAA policies allowing transgender women to compete in women’s sports. Several members of the team and others in the Mountain West Conference, including Spartans co-captain Brooke Slusser, filed a lawsuit against SJSU and the conference in November and asked that the courts issue an emergency injunction barring the athlete from playing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the SJSU player who was targeted by the lawsuit has never spoken publicly about her gender identity, KQED is not identifying her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The immediate injunction request was rejected by both U.S. District Judge S. Kato Crews and the 10th Circuit Court of Appeals on the grounds of sex discrimination and lack of evidence that the player’s participation would cause irreparable harm. The larger lawsuit is still ongoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another lawsuit was also filed earlier that year against the NCAA by former University of Kentucky swimmer Riley Gaines, accusing the athletics association of discriminating against cisgender women by allowing a transgender athlete from the University of Pennsylvania to compete in the national championships. Slusser is also a plaintiff in that suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/nnavarro\">\u003cem>Natalia Navarro\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "how-anti-trans-politics-loomed-over-san-jose-states-volleyball-season",
"title": "How Anti-Trans Politics Loomed Over San José State's Volleyball Season",
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"headTitle": "How Anti-Trans Politics Loomed Over San José State’s Volleyball Season | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The push to ban transgender athletes from competitive sports reached San Jose State University this year. In September, the co-captain of the women’s volleyball team joined a lawsuit targeting trans women in college sports — including one of her own teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC5297142031&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015114/anti-trans-lawsuit-seeks-ban-san-jose-state-volleyball-player-tournament\">Anti-Trans Suit Seeking to Ban San José State Volleyball Player Is Denied on Appeal\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.espn.com/college-sports/story/_/id/42549609/inside-san-jose-state-university-2024-volleyball-season-gender-fairness-safety\">Inside San Jose State’s polarizing volleyball season \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there are errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:36] \u003c/em>Natalia, I wonder if we can start with just this San Jose State volleyball game that you went to, which I’m very curious about and just set the scene for me. Like, what was that like? What was the mood at this volleyball game?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:53] \u003c/em>Yeah, it was just a volleyball game for the most part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Speaker 1: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:58] \u003c/em>Natalia Navarro is a news anchor for KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:02] \u003c/em>I hadn’t been to a volleyball game in a really long time, so I was surprised, like how exciting it was. It’s a very, like fast paced game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:16] \u003c/em>When I went it was San Jose State playing University of New Mexico. And it was just exciting. There were really they’re both making points. It was really cool. There are a good amount of spectators there. You know, people’s parents and other students. And for the most part, it looked like any other game. There were some security people there sort of escorting players around and like making sure that people didn’t go in this one area where the players were. There were several students there holding signs in support of the team. There was one protester who was holding a sign that said Protect women’s Sports to oppose the fact that this team was playing with all of its players there. But other than that, it was it was a normal college sports game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:14] \u003c/em>Which is really interesting because that is different from how it seems like the rest of the country is talking about San Jose State right now. And I want to talk about how that all started. I mean, the person who really thrust the team into the spotlight was San Jose State’s volleyball team, co-captain Brooke Slusser. Who is Brooke Slusser?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:41] \u003c/em>Yeah, she’s like you said, one of the co-captains of the team. She’s played on San Jose State for a couple of years. She played at a different college before that. So at some point earlier this year, Brooke Slusser, according to her court documents, here’s rumors that one of her teammates is trans. According to these documents, she’s really confused and upset about this information, but mostly keeps it to herself until an article comes out on an opinion site about this player. And then they have a conversation and which, according to Brooke, this player tells her that she’s trans. And Brooke says that she doesn’t want the player to be bullied but doesn’t think that she should be playing on the team. Brooks-lasure was reached out to by this group called Icons. It stands for Independent Counsel on Women’s Sports. They’re essentially an anti-trans advocacy group who is funding Reilly Gaines lawsuit against the NCAA to try to keep trans players out of the NCAA. A rally gains as a former college swimmer and now an anti-trans advocate. And so they approached Brooke Slusser and brought her in as an additional plaintiff on this lawsuit. And she, you know, told the court that her teammate is trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:12] \u003c/em>So this happened in September, right? When Slusser joined this already existing lawsuit brought forward first by a former college swimmer named Riley Gaines. What is this lawsuit about exactly? What is it, I guess ultimately seeking to do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:31] \u003c/em>The overall relief that they are seeking is really quite broad. The lawsuit is seeking to ban trans athletes from college sports, trying to get the court to agree that including them violates Title nine, which is the federal law that prohibits discrimination based on sex and educational settings. Also to go back into the history of things and rescind any records or wins from trans athletes. It will require sex verification to make sure there are no trans athletes playing. This would really change how Title nine is being used in in terms of trans bans and stuff like that in courts. Right now, courts have allowed a lot of states to ban trans people from sports. What this would do if this went the way of the plaintiffs is it would say not only can they ban trans people from sports, they actually have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:39] \u003c/em>And I mean, why exactly did Slusser get involved in this lawsuit in the first place? What does she say about her teammates specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:49] \u003c/em>I reached out to her to talk about this. You never go back to me, but she did talk on Megan Kelley’s podcast. She’s talk on Fox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:58] \u003c/em>Everything in my body was like, this is so wrong. It’s not fair. It shouldn’t be happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:04] \u003c/em>She says that her teammate, who she says is trans, is more physically imposing than her, her fellow teammates, that she just has an unbeatable power that puts her and her teammates at risk of injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:20] \u003c/em>Again, the power behind this swing is just so different. And if you’re not completely prepared for it, you will get blown up. And that’s the scariest part, because that could end your career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:31] \u003c/em>She’s saying that, you know, having a player that was born male makes it unfair for her and also dangerous for her and her teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:41] \u003c/em>And so I think at the end of the day, I just got so far up, I was like, I want to be able to make this change for other people coming into collegiate sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:48] \u003c/em>I mean, Slusser is alleging, first of all, that she has a trans teammate. But has this teammate said anything publicly about this or her gender identity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:59] \u003c/em>So your listeners will notice that we are not saying her name, and that’s because she hasn’t said anything publicly about her gender identity. San Jose State has not provided any information about her gender identity. They cite privacy laws and they have maintained that all of their players meet NCAA, a Mountain West Conference rules and that’s all they will say about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:24] \u003c/em>But we do know who she is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:27] \u003c/em>Yes, we do know who she is. Her name has been very much out there. The lawsuits and the articles on conservative sites that Brooke Slusser and others have commented on frequently use him pronouns for this player and generally talk pretty directly about her physicality, etc.. We’re not doing that, but it’s definitely out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:56] \u003c/em>I mean, what do we know about whether Brooke’s allegations are, in fact, true? Like, does this player have any clear physical advantages compared to her teammates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:08] \u003c/em>It seems like no. This player has played for San Jose State for a couple of years, has played at a previous university, and there were no problems that I could find. One of the things that Brooke Slusser and others have said is that, you know, she’s she’s so physically imposing and yet she’s about six one. I looked at the roster for the team and more than half a dozen of the players on that team are above six feet. Volleyball players on the whole are usually quite tall. She’s not even the tallest one on San Jose State University’s team. I talked to a lot of experts who deal with inclusion in sports and who, you know, have read the science and they say that there is no evidence that there is any sort of universal advantage that trans women have in sports, especially once they’ve transitioned medically. Oftentimes, trans women have lower testosterone levels than cisgender women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:18] \u003c/em>According to Slusser, her teammates spikes the ball as fast as 80mph, which would make her as strong as some of the best men’s players ever. But ESPN analyzed the speed of the teammates spikes in five different games, including ones that went viral. ESPN found that the average speed of those spikes was just over 50mph, and the fastest was estimated at 64mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:54] \u003c/em>So, Natalia, I mean, how do trans women join a college sports team? Are there special rules that they have to follow in order to qualify?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:04] \u003c/em>Yeah, there are. In terms of the NCAA, who manages most college sports teams, their rules generally are that someone has to have medically transitioned, which usually means taking of hormones like like testosterone or estrogen, usually. And they have to have been on that for a certain amount of time. The rules are pretty complicated and spread out to various things for various different sports. But generally, those who have medically transitioned can join sports. Sometimes that means the NCAA will require them to do particular hormone checks throughout the year. But current NCAA rules say that they can play in the sport that aligns with their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:50] \u003c/em>Yeah, I mean, and how many people are we actually talking about? How many trans players are actually participating right now in college sports? What do we know about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:58] \u003c/em>Overall, trans people are a really small portion of the American population. And trans athletes are even smaller portion of that small portion. And the ones that make it to the level of Division one, college sports, it’s kind of very small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:17] \u003c/em>So Brooke Slusser and the other people behind the lawsuit are basically arguing that the NCAA rules allowing trans athletes to play violate civil rights law, in particular, Title IX. What are the arguments around that? What have you heard?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:34] \u003c/em>Yeah. I reached out to the plaintiffs lawyers, Brooks Loesser’s, lawyers and others on the NCAA lawsuit, and none of them got back to me for comment. But from the lawsuit, basically they do say exactly that. They just say allowing trans people to play on women’s sports teams in itself violates Title IX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:54] \u003c/em>On the other hand, you did talk with people who disagree with that interpretation of Title IX, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:00] \u003c/em>Yeah, exactly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:02] \u003c/em>This would just lead to an incredible marginalization of an already marginalized group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:08] \u003c/em>I talked to a lawyer at the National Women’s Law Center show, Shiwali Patel. She’s a title IX expert, and she had not great things to say about this lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:20] \u003c/em>Title IX can’t be used to justify exclusion of a vulnerable group of students from equal educational opportunities based on how they look or play or who they are. What these plaintiffs are seeking to do is to really turn Title nine on its head and to remove it from its purpose of equal educational opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:39] \u003c/em>She says that this is not really doing anything to protect women’s sports. There’s a lot less access to facilities. There is a lot less funding, there’s a lot less research in order to to prevent injury. Like there’s a lot of stuff here that needs to be done in terms of protecting women in sports. And she says that none of that has anything to do with kicking trans people out of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:06] \u003c/em>There are well-documented actual issues when it comes to gender inequity in sport that if they were to put their resources and time into that, they could be fighting to achieve gender equity. This is not one of them, you know, and trying to exclude trans women and girls from women and girls sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:23] \u003c/em>I know you talked to people who think that banning trans women from sports is part of this larger effort to restrict LGBTQ rights more broadly. What do you hear from people you spoke to about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:36] \u003c/em>I talked to Erin Reid, who is an independent journalist who covers anti-trans legislation all over the country. And she had a really interesting thought about this, that it really isn’t about any sort of particular advantage, that it’s just about discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:56] \u003c/em>To be clear, you know, we are seeing bans not just in, you know, heavy impact sports, but we’re also seeing bans on transgender athletes and sports like chess and darts and fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:10] \u003c/em>And she thought that it was interesting that this is folk focusing on sports because she mentioned that she has heard from conservative pundits that sports is actually an easy way to get people who are against the LGBTQ community. It’s an easy entry point for them to start talking about trans issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:34] \u003c/em>And many of the same states that started with transgender participation in sports, in fact, not just many. Virtually all of the states, with the exception of Alaska, have gone on to pass gender affirming caravans for trans youth, have gone on to pass other bills like don’t say gay, don’t say trans. We see book bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:51] \u003c/em>I mean, I can’t imagine. What the last few months must have been like for the San Jose State volleyball team. I mean, how often did this issue come up for San Jose State this season?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:06] \u003c/em>It was kind of a constant. Several universities forfeited their games against San Jose State and that’s part of what made the news so big because they refused to play the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:21] \u003c/em>And to be clear, these teams were forfeiting in protest of this teammate that Slusser alleges is trans. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:29] \u003c/em>That’s, I think, a safe assumption. But we don’t know that for sure. Most of the the universities have not said that per se.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:40] \u003c/em>At the beginning of this season, brave women across our conference were meeting with their coaches and school administration, telling them that they would not play against San Jose State\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:49] \u003c/em>But for example, in in the case of the University of Nevada, Reno, several of the players from that team attended a rally put on by icons, which is that anti-trans organization that’s funding the lawsuit against the NCAA and spoke about the fact that they are against this supposedly trans player being a part of the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:12] \u003c/em>I never expected to be blindsided having to compete against a male athlete. I will continue to fight for my friends, my family, and the next generation of female athletes. All female athletes deserve to be protected at every level and every age. This is unfair and it has to be stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:36] \u003c/em>The team while having a obviously a very tough season. And I can’t even imagine what it would be like to be on that team right now. I’m sure that the conversations that are happening are really hard. But they were able to make it to the postseason. And just this past week, they played at the Mountain West Conference tournament and had another high profile forfeit from Boise State. But that got them into the into the final match against Colorado. And they did lose that match, but they made it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:14] \u003c/em>What if folks from the team said about what this season has been like for them? I mean, sponsor other teammates, the coaches? Have they said anything publicly about what this season has been like?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:25] \u003c/em>You know, the whole team has been pretty tight lipped about this. I get the sense that they’re being told by the university and maybe probably by legal advisers at the university to not say anything publicly. So I did not get any responses to my questions about these things from players and from coaches. They were never available after games to talk. Brooks-lasure has talked about, obviously the the lawsuit itself, but we don’t have that much of an insight into what the daily life is and what the daily practices are like for this team. If you took away all of the context and you were just watching them play, I don’t think you would really know that all of this stuff was going on because the two players, Brooks Lesser and the teammate that she says is trans, that she is in court trying to get out of her team. They are playing right next to each other and they’re, you know, for doing pretty well. They won the game. But I went to go see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:33] \u003c/em>San Jose State’s women’s volleyball season has ended, right? It ended last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:40] \u003c/em>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:41] \u003c/em>But how do you think this story could still have ripple effects even beyond San Jose State?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:47] \u003c/em>Yeah, I think it is really much bigger than San Jose State. And when we’re talking about sort of trickle down effects of this this sort of lawsuit and this sort of larger political conversation about trans people in sports, is that it can affect people of all gender identities. We could talk about the Olympics this past summer and the Algerian boxer, Amani Khalifa, who is a cisgender woman who people sort of decided, maybe she’s trans. And it became this whole thing. Another example is the situation that happened in Utah, which does have a trans sports ban in place. There was a girl playing high school sports and someone on the athletics association and in relation to the school thought that she was trans. And then there was this whole investigation into this child’s gender, unbeknownst to her or her parents. It can really be a problem where we’re now people are sort of pointing fingers at people, young girls and women who maybe don’t fit gender stereotypes and and now have to somehow prove that they are who they say they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:07] \u003c/em>Natalia, thank you so much for walking us through this story. I really appreciate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:12] \u003c/em>It. Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:18] \u003c/em>The lawsuit Brooke Slusser is part of that challenges the NCAA rules on transgender players is ongoing. Seltzer also recently joined another lawsuit to ban trans players from the Mountain West Conference specifically.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The push to ban transgender athletes from competitive sports reached San Jose State University this year. In September, the co-captain of the women’s volleyball team joined a lawsuit targeting trans women in college sports — including one of her own teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC5297142031&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Links: \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12015114/anti-trans-lawsuit-seeks-ban-san-jose-state-volleyball-player-tournament\">Anti-Trans Suit Seeking to Ban San José State Volleyball Player Is Denied on Appeal\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.espn.com/college-sports/story/_/id/42549609/inside-san-jose-state-university-2024-volleyball-season-gender-fairness-safety\">Inside San Jose State’s polarizing volleyball season \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there are errors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:36] \u003c/em>Natalia, I wonder if we can start with just this San Jose State volleyball game that you went to, which I’m very curious about and just set the scene for me. Like, what was that like? What was the mood at this volleyball game?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:53] \u003c/em>Yeah, it was just a volleyball game for the most part.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Speaker 1: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:01:58] \u003c/em>Natalia Navarro is a news anchor for KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:02] \u003c/em>I hadn’t been to a volleyball game in a really long time, so I was surprised, like how exciting it was. It’s a very, like fast paced game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:02:16] \u003c/em>When I went it was San Jose State playing University of New Mexico. And it was just exciting. There were really they’re both making points. It was really cool. There are a good amount of spectators there. You know, people’s parents and other students. And for the most part, it looked like any other game. There were some security people there sort of escorting players around and like making sure that people didn’t go in this one area where the players were. There were several students there holding signs in support of the team. There was one protester who was holding a sign that said Protect women’s Sports to oppose the fact that this team was playing with all of its players there. But other than that, it was it was a normal college sports game.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:14] \u003c/em>Which is really interesting because that is different from how it seems like the rest of the country is talking about San Jose State right now. And I want to talk about how that all started. I mean, the person who really thrust the team into the spotlight was San Jose State’s volleyball team, co-captain Brooke Slusser. Who is Brooke Slusser?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:03:41] \u003c/em>Yeah, she’s like you said, one of the co-captains of the team. She’s played on San Jose State for a couple of years. She played at a different college before that. So at some point earlier this year, Brooke Slusser, according to her court documents, here’s rumors that one of her teammates is trans. According to these documents, she’s really confused and upset about this information, but mostly keeps it to herself until an article comes out on an opinion site about this player. And then they have a conversation and which, according to Brooke, this player tells her that she’s trans. And Brooke says that she doesn’t want the player to be bullied but doesn’t think that she should be playing on the team. Brooks-lasure was reached out to by this group called Icons. It stands for Independent Counsel on Women’s Sports. They’re essentially an anti-trans advocacy group who is funding Reilly Gaines lawsuit against the NCAA to try to keep trans players out of the NCAA. A rally gains as a former college swimmer and now an anti-trans advocate. And so they approached Brooke Slusser and brought her in as an additional plaintiff on this lawsuit. And she, you know, told the court that her teammate is trans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:12] \u003c/em>So this happened in September, right? When Slusser joined this already existing lawsuit brought forward first by a former college swimmer named Riley Gaines. What is this lawsuit about exactly? What is it, I guess ultimately seeking to do?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:05:31] \u003c/em>The overall relief that they are seeking is really quite broad. The lawsuit is seeking to ban trans athletes from college sports, trying to get the court to agree that including them violates Title nine, which is the federal law that prohibits discrimination based on sex and educational settings. Also to go back into the history of things and rescind any records or wins from trans athletes. It will require sex verification to make sure there are no trans athletes playing. This would really change how Title nine is being used in in terms of trans bans and stuff like that in courts. Right now, courts have allowed a lot of states to ban trans people from sports. What this would do if this went the way of the plaintiffs is it would say not only can they ban trans people from sports, they actually have to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:39] \u003c/em>And I mean, why exactly did Slusser get involved in this lawsuit in the first place? What does she say about her teammates specifically?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:49] \u003c/em>I reached out to her to talk about this. You never go back to me, but she did talk on Megan Kelley’s podcast. She’s talk on Fox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:06:58] \u003c/em>Everything in my body was like, this is so wrong. It’s not fair. It shouldn’t be happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:04] \u003c/em>She says that her teammate, who she says is trans, is more physically imposing than her, her fellow teammates, that she just has an unbeatable power that puts her and her teammates at risk of injury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:20] \u003c/em>Again, the power behind this swing is just so different. And if you’re not completely prepared for it, you will get blown up. And that’s the scariest part, because that could end your career.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:31] \u003c/em>She’s saying that, you know, having a player that was born male makes it unfair for her and also dangerous for her and her teammates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brooke Slusser: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:41] \u003c/em>And so I think at the end of the day, I just got so far up, I was like, I want to be able to make this change for other people coming into collegiate sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:48] \u003c/em>I mean, Slusser is alleging, first of all, that she has a trans teammate. But has this teammate said anything publicly about this or her gender identity?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:07:59] \u003c/em>So your listeners will notice that we are not saying her name, and that’s because she hasn’t said anything publicly about her gender identity. San Jose State has not provided any information about her gender identity. They cite privacy laws and they have maintained that all of their players meet NCAA, a Mountain West Conference rules and that’s all they will say about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:24] \u003c/em>But we do know who she is.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:27] \u003c/em>Yes, we do know who she is. Her name has been very much out there. The lawsuits and the articles on conservative sites that Brooke Slusser and others have commented on frequently use him pronouns for this player and generally talk pretty directly about her physicality, etc.. We’re not doing that, but it’s definitely out there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:08:56] \u003c/em>I mean, what do we know about whether Brooke’s allegations are, in fact, true? Like, does this player have any clear physical advantages compared to her teammates?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:09:08] \u003c/em>It seems like no. This player has played for San Jose State for a couple of years, has played at a previous university, and there were no problems that I could find. One of the things that Brooke Slusser and others have said is that, you know, she’s she’s so physically imposing and yet she’s about six one. I looked at the roster for the team and more than half a dozen of the players on that team are above six feet. Volleyball players on the whole are usually quite tall. She’s not even the tallest one on San Jose State University’s team. I talked to a lot of experts who deal with inclusion in sports and who, you know, have read the science and they say that there is no evidence that there is any sort of universal advantage that trans women have in sports, especially once they’ve transitioned medically. Oftentimes, trans women have lower testosterone levels than cisgender women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:18] \u003c/em>According to Slusser, her teammates spikes the ball as fast as 80mph, which would make her as strong as some of the best men’s players ever. But ESPN analyzed the speed of the teammates spikes in five different games, including ones that went viral. ESPN found that the average speed of those spikes was just over 50mph, and the fastest was estimated at 64mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:10:54] \u003c/em>So, Natalia, I mean, how do trans women join a college sports team? Are there special rules that they have to follow in order to qualify?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:04] \u003c/em>Yeah, there are. In terms of the NCAA, who manages most college sports teams, their rules generally are that someone has to have medically transitioned, which usually means taking of hormones like like testosterone or estrogen, usually. And they have to have been on that for a certain amount of time. The rules are pretty complicated and spread out to various things for various different sports. But generally, those who have medically transitioned can join sports. Sometimes that means the NCAA will require them to do particular hormone checks throughout the year. But current NCAA rules say that they can play in the sport that aligns with their gender identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:50] \u003c/em>Yeah, I mean, and how many people are we actually talking about? How many trans players are actually participating right now in college sports? What do we know about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:11:58] \u003c/em>Overall, trans people are a really small portion of the American population. And trans athletes are even smaller portion of that small portion. And the ones that make it to the level of Division one, college sports, it’s kind of very small.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:17] \u003c/em>So Brooke Slusser and the other people behind the lawsuit are basically arguing that the NCAA rules allowing trans athletes to play violate civil rights law, in particular, Title IX. What are the arguments around that? What have you heard?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:34] \u003c/em>Yeah. I reached out to the plaintiffs lawyers, Brooks Loesser’s, lawyers and others on the NCAA lawsuit, and none of them got back to me for comment. But from the lawsuit, basically they do say exactly that. They just say allowing trans people to play on women’s sports teams in itself violates Title IX.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:12:54] \u003c/em>On the other hand, you did talk with people who disagree with that interpretation of Title IX, right?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:00] \u003c/em>Yeah, exactly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:02] \u003c/em>This would just lead to an incredible marginalization of an already marginalized group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:08] \u003c/em>I talked to a lawyer at the National Women’s Law Center show, Shiwali Patel. She’s a title IX expert, and she had not great things to say about this lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:20] \u003c/em>Title IX can’t be used to justify exclusion of a vulnerable group of students from equal educational opportunities based on how they look or play or who they are. What these plaintiffs are seeking to do is to really turn Title nine on its head and to remove it from its purpose of equal educational opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:13:39] \u003c/em>She says that this is not really doing anything to protect women’s sports. There’s a lot less access to facilities. There is a lot less funding, there’s a lot less research in order to to prevent injury. Like there’s a lot of stuff here that needs to be done in terms of protecting women in sports. And she says that none of that has anything to do with kicking trans people out of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Shiwali Patel: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:06] \u003c/em>There are well-documented actual issues when it comes to gender inequity in sport that if they were to put their resources and time into that, they could be fighting to achieve gender equity. This is not one of them, you know, and trying to exclude trans women and girls from women and girls sports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:23] \u003c/em>I know you talked to people who think that banning trans women from sports is part of this larger effort to restrict LGBTQ rights more broadly. What do you hear from people you spoke to about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:36] \u003c/em>I talked to Erin Reid, who is an independent journalist who covers anti-trans legislation all over the country. And she had a really interesting thought about this, that it really isn’t about any sort of particular advantage, that it’s just about discrimination.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:14:56] \u003c/em>To be clear, you know, we are seeing bans not just in, you know, heavy impact sports, but we’re also seeing bans on transgender athletes and sports like chess and darts and fishing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:10] \u003c/em>And she thought that it was interesting that this is folk focusing on sports because she mentioned that she has heard from conservative pundits that sports is actually an easy way to get people who are against the LGBTQ community. It’s an easy entry point for them to start talking about trans issues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Erin Reed: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:34] \u003c/em>And many of the same states that started with transgender participation in sports, in fact, not just many. Virtually all of the states, with the exception of Alaska, have gone on to pass gender affirming caravans for trans youth, have gone on to pass other bills like don’t say gay, don’t say trans. We see book bans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:15:51] \u003c/em>I mean, I can’t imagine. What the last few months must have been like for the San Jose State volleyball team. I mean, how often did this issue come up for San Jose State this season?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:06] \u003c/em>It was kind of a constant. Several universities forfeited their games against San Jose State and that’s part of what made the news so big because they refused to play the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:21] \u003c/em>And to be clear, these teams were forfeiting in protest of this teammate that Slusser alleges is trans. Right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:29] \u003c/em>That’s, I think, a safe assumption. But we don’t know that for sure. Most of the the universities have not said that per se.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:40] \u003c/em>At the beginning of this season, brave women across our conference were meeting with their coaches and school administration, telling them that they would not play against San Jose State\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:16:49] \u003c/em>But for example, in in the case of the University of Nevada, Reno, several of the players from that team attended a rally put on by icons, which is that anti-trans organization that’s funding the lawsuit against the NCAA and spoke about the fact that they are against this supposedly trans player being a part of the team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Sia Li’ili’i: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:12] \u003c/em>I never expected to be blindsided having to compete against a male athlete. I will continue to fight for my friends, my family, and the next generation of female athletes. All female athletes deserve to be protected at every level and every age. This is unfair and it has to be stopped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:17:36] \u003c/em>The team while having a obviously a very tough season. And I can’t even imagine what it would be like to be on that team right now. I’m sure that the conversations that are happening are really hard. But they were able to make it to the postseason. And just this past week, they played at the Mountain West Conference tournament and had another high profile forfeit from Boise State. But that got them into the into the final match against Colorado. And they did lose that match, but they made it all the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:14] \u003c/em>What if folks from the team said about what this season has been like for them? I mean, sponsor other teammates, the coaches? Have they said anything publicly about what this season has been like?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:18:25] \u003c/em>You know, the whole team has been pretty tight lipped about this. I get the sense that they’re being told by the university and maybe probably by legal advisers at the university to not say anything publicly. So I did not get any responses to my questions about these things from players and from coaches. They were never available after games to talk. Brooks-lasure has talked about, obviously the the lawsuit itself, but we don’t have that much of an insight into what the daily life is and what the daily practices are like for this team. If you took away all of the context and you were just watching them play, I don’t think you would really know that all of this stuff was going on because the two players, Brooks Lesser and the teammate that she says is trans, that she is in court trying to get out of her team. They are playing right next to each other and they’re, you know, for doing pretty well. They won the game. But I went to go see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:33] \u003c/em>San Jose State’s women’s volleyball season has ended, right? It ended last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:40] \u003c/em>Yes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:41] \u003c/em>But how do you think this story could still have ripple effects even beyond San Jose State?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:19:47] \u003c/em>Yeah, I think it is really much bigger than San Jose State. And when we’re talking about sort of trickle down effects of this this sort of lawsuit and this sort of larger political conversation about trans people in sports, is that it can affect people of all gender identities. We could talk about the Olympics this past summer and the Algerian boxer, Amani Khalifa, who is a cisgender woman who people sort of decided, maybe she’s trans. And it became this whole thing. Another example is the situation that happened in Utah, which does have a trans sports ban in place. There was a girl playing high school sports and someone on the athletics association and in relation to the school thought that she was trans. And then there was this whole investigation into this child’s gender, unbeknownst to her or her parents. It can really be a problem where we’re now people are sort of pointing fingers at people, young girls and women who maybe don’t fit gender stereotypes and and now have to somehow prove that they are who they say they are.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:07] \u003c/em>Natalia, thank you so much for walking us through this story. I really appreciate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Natalia Navarro: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:12] \u003c/em>It. Thank you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Ericka Cruz Guevarra: \u003c/b>\u003cem>[00:21:18] \u003c/em>The lawsuit Brooke Slusser is part of that challenges the NCAA rules on transgender players is ongoing. Seltzer also recently joined another lawsuit to ban trans players from the Mountain West Conference specifically.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>We tend to think of the Olympics as being for young people. But much depends on the specific sport, and the resilience of the specific athlete. Meet 38-year-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.walknrobyn.com/athletics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robyn Stevens\u003c/a> of Vacaville, California. She’s representing the U.S. at the Tokyo Olympics after taking a 12-year break from professional \u003ca>race walking\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a child, Stevens loved soccer and dance. She was in middle school when her PE teacher invited her to get into track and field. She decided on race walking after watching an elite meet at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens said she was entranced, “Seeing all their legs in a row, as they went by in a group, reminded me of a chorus line.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much as her mom begged her to focus on one athletic pursuit, given the cost of uniforms and the effort to shuttle her around, Stevens struggled to give up dance. That is, until she realized that race walking was similar to dancing — athletes have to keep one foot on the ground at all times and they move so fast, their hips look a lot like dancing. Stevens thought she could have track and field, as well as dance, by sticking with race walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of my coaches, she used to tell me to get back into rhythm, ‘Merengue! Merengue!’ every time I went by,” said Stevens. “[Race walking] just reminds me of modern dance mixed with stage performance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It certainly looks that way when Stevens does it. Here are comedians Keegan-Michael Key and Kevin Hart in a segment of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEA9mf3ZJGFzY28SAeMB0ES_CNp5lYvJu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">What the Fit\u003c/a>” from the LOL Network, watching her blow past them in a gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CHnYOoXH5cI/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, Stevens is a member of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Team in track and field, competing\u003ca href=\"https://results.usatf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> in the 20-kilometer race walk\u003c/a>. But while she’s is going for gold in Japan, there was a good decade when this moment didn’t seem likely at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because Stevens developed an eating disorder in high school that made her step away from the sport in college. Stevens said a lot was happening at that time, including the late onset of puberty, as a result of her training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menstruation and breasts came late, and she feared they weighed her down on the track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You read about it in health class, but to feel it is totally different,” she said. Stevens began to ratchet down how much she ate, and ratchet up how much she trained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t think about performance or anything. All I thought about is that I didn’t like what I saw in the mirror,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens was eventually diagnosed with the \u003ca>female athlete triad\u003c/a>, a term for those who struggle with an eating disorder, osteoporosis and amenorrhea, the absence of menstruation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Robyn Stevens\"]‘I didn’t think about performance or anything. All I thought about is that I didn’t like what I saw in the mirror.’[/pullquote]She spent her first two college years at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside, where she battled with the feeling that she wasn’t performing up to her potential. Then she transferred to San Jose State University and joined the Spartans’ women’s cross-country team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, she quit race walking professionally to put distance between her and the toxic cycle of training, diet and struggling with her appearance. Stevens graduated San Jose State with an arts degree in 2007 and worked in a series of office jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens says her recovery began with the decision to remove herself from her sport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, she was able to eat like a non-athlete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will always have to manage it, and be conscious that it’s something that can be slipped into easily,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, she took her golden retriever out for runs, and stayed in touch with friends and coaches from the race walking universe. A former teammate from San Jose State invited her to join the \u003ca href=\"https://runwolfpack.blog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wolfpack Running Club\u003c/a> in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11882015,news_11660424,news_11776340\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]“It was something fun to do. And then my youth coach Claudia [Wilde] invited me to pace her at a 15-meter race. And that’s when I got invited from that to do the 20K in Carmichael, and that’s where I accidentally qualified for the 2016 U.S. Olympic trials.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right. She “accidentally qualified” at her first 20K since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew right then I had some decisions to make, cause it could be risky for my health. So I needed to assess if this is something I really wanted to pursue again,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another coach, Susan Armenta, helped Stevens learn how to eat in a healthy fashion as an athlete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn’t until Stevens participated in the 2015 Pan American Race Walking Cup in Chile that she felt sure the time had come to step back in to race walking professionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, putting on that uniform brought back all this nostalgic feeling,” Stevens said. “Also, and not incidentally, it’s where I met Nick for the first time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11882489\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271.jpeg\" alt=\"Nick Christie, first place, crosses the finish line in the Men's 20km Racewalk Final as Robyn Stevens, first place, continues to compete in the Women's 20km Racewalk Final on day nine of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Track & Field Team Trials at Hayward Field on June 26, 2021 in Eugene, Oregon. \" width=\"1280\" height=\"873\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271.jpeg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271-800x546.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271-1020x696.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271-160x109.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nick Christie, first place, crosses the finish line in the Men’s 20-km Race Walk Final as Robyn Stevens, first place, continues to compete in the Women’s 20-km Race Walk Final on day nine of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Track & Field Team Trials at Hayward Field on June 26, 2021 in Eugene, Oregon. \u003ccite>(Photo by Steph Chambers/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stevens is referring to fellow professional race walker Nick Christie, who is now her boyfriend, training buddy and her personal chef — he cooks for them, which helps her avoid fixating on food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re both representing the U.S. in Japan this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the healthiest I’ve ever been in my life,” said Stevens. “I needed to step out before I could step back in. And just really heal and unite with a friendship with myself again, and value myself, my body and appreciate what it can do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens can expect to keep race walking well into her 40s. There might even be another Olympics — or two — in her future. Whether she wins a medal in Sapporo, Japan, where race walking events are taking place, she made it to the starting line on Aug. 6, and for Stevens, that’s pretty golden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Find Robyn Stevens’ Summer Olympics schedule for race walking \u003ca href=\"https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/olympic-schedule-and-results-date=2021-08-06.htm\">here.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you or someone you know is struggling with an eating disorder, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/\">contact the National Eating Disorders Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>We tend to think of the Olympics as being for young people. But much depends on the specific sport, and the resilience of the specific athlete. Meet 38-year-old \u003ca href=\"https://www.walknrobyn.com/athletics\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Robyn Stevens\u003c/a> of Vacaville, California. She’s representing the U.S. at the Tokyo Olympics after taking a 12-year break from professional \u003ca>race walking\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a child, Stevens loved soccer and dance. She was in middle school when her PE teacher invited her to get into track and field. She decided on race walking after watching an elite meet at Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens said she was entranced, “Seeing all their legs in a row, as they went by in a group, reminded me of a chorus line.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much as her mom begged her to focus on one athletic pursuit, given the cost of uniforms and the effort to shuttle her around, Stevens struggled to give up dance. That is, until she realized that race walking was similar to dancing — athletes have to keep one foot on the ground at all times and they move so fast, their hips look a lot like dancing. Stevens thought she could have track and field, as well as dance, by sticking with race walking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“One of my coaches, she used to tell me to get back into rhythm, ‘Merengue! Merengue!’ every time I went by,” said Stevens. “[Race walking] just reminds me of modern dance mixed with stage performance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It certainly looks that way when Stevens does it. Here are comedians Keegan-Michael Key and Kevin Hart in a segment of “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLEA9mf3ZJGFzY28SAeMB0ES_CNp5lYvJu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">What the Fit\u003c/a>” from the LOL Network, watching her blow past them in a gym.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Today, Stevens is a member of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Team in track and field, competing\u003ca href=\"https://results.usatf.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> in the 20-kilometer race walk\u003c/a>. But while she’s is going for gold in Japan, there was a good decade when this moment didn’t seem likely at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because Stevens developed an eating disorder in high school that made her step away from the sport in college. Stevens said a lot was happening at that time, including the late onset of puberty, as a result of her training.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menstruation and breasts came late, and she feared they weighed her down on the track.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You read about it in health class, but to feel it is totally different,” she said. Stevens began to ratchet down how much she ate, and ratchet up how much she trained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t think about performance or anything. All I thought about is that I didn’t like what I saw in the mirror,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens was eventually diagnosed with the \u003ca>female athlete triad\u003c/a>, a term for those who struggle with an eating disorder, osteoporosis and amenorrhea, the absence of menstruation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘I didn’t think about performance or anything. All I thought about is that I didn’t like what I saw in the mirror.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>She spent her first two college years at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside, where she battled with the feeling that she wasn’t performing up to her potential. Then she transferred to San Jose State University and joined the Spartans’ women’s cross-country team.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2003, she quit race walking professionally to put distance between her and the toxic cycle of training, diet and struggling with her appearance. Stevens graduated San Jose State with an arts degree in 2007 and worked in a series of office jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens says her recovery began with the decision to remove herself from her sport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For starters, she was able to eat like a non-athlete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I will always have to manage it, and be conscious that it’s something that can be slipped into easily,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, she took her golden retriever out for runs, and stayed in touch with friends and coaches from the race walking universe. A former teammate from San Jose State invited her to join the \u003ca href=\"https://runwolfpack.blog\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Wolfpack Running Club\u003c/a> in 2014.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“It was something fun to do. And then my youth coach Claudia [Wilde] invited me to pace her at a 15-meter race. And that’s when I got invited from that to do the 20K in Carmichael, and that’s where I accidentally qualified for the 2016 U.S. Olympic trials.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s right. She “accidentally qualified” at her first 20K since 2003.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I knew right then I had some decisions to make, cause it could be risky for my health. So I needed to assess if this is something I really wanted to pursue again,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another coach, Susan Armenta, helped Stevens learn how to eat in a healthy fashion as an athlete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it wasn’t until Stevens participated in the 2015 Pan American Race Walking Cup in Chile that she felt sure the time had come to step back in to race walking professionally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, putting on that uniform brought back all this nostalgic feeling,” Stevens said. “Also, and not incidentally, it’s where I met Nick for the first time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11882489\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11882489\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271.jpeg\" alt=\"Nick Christie, first place, crosses the finish line in the Men's 20km Racewalk Final as Robyn Stevens, first place, continues to compete in the Women's 20km Racewalk Final on day nine of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Track & Field Team Trials at Hayward Field on June 26, 2021 in Eugene, Oregon. \" width=\"1280\" height=\"873\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271.jpeg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271-800x546.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271-1020x696.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/GettyImages-1325601271-160x109.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nick Christie, first place, crosses the finish line in the Men’s 20-km Race Walk Final as Robyn Stevens, first place, continues to compete in the Women’s 20-km Race Walk Final on day nine of the 2020 U.S. Olympic Track & Field Team Trials at Hayward Field on June 26, 2021 in Eugene, Oregon. \u003ccite>(Photo by Steph Chambers/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Stevens is referring to fellow professional race walker Nick Christie, who is now her boyfriend, training buddy and her personal chef — he cooks for them, which helps her avoid fixating on food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re both representing the U.S. in Japan this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the healthiest I’ve ever been in my life,” said Stevens. “I needed to step out before I could step back in. And just really heal and unite with a friendship with myself again, and value myself, my body and appreciate what it can do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stevens can expect to keep race walking well into her 40s. There might even be another Olympics — or two — in her future. Whether she wins a medal in Sapporo, Japan, where race walking events are taking place, she made it to the starting line on Aug. 6, and for Stevens, that’s pretty golden.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Find Robyn Stevens’ Summer Olympics schedule for race walking \u003ca href=\"https://olympics.com/tokyo-2020/olympic-games/en/results/athletics/olympic-schedule-and-results-date=2021-08-06.htm\">here.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>If you or someone you know is struggling with an eating disorder, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/\">contact the National Eating Disorders Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In 1777, five families of mixed Mexican and African heritage arrived in Alta California with the Spanish to help establish \u003ca href=\"https://artsandculture.google.com/exhibit/a-year-in-the-life-of-a-spanish-colonial-pueblo-san-jos%C3%A9%C2%A0de-guadalupe-in-1809-history-san-jose/qgJCEgJtbqBZLw?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">El Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They grew the food for the presidios, the military installations in the Bay Area,” explains local historian Jan Batiste Adkins, who’s written \u003ca href=\"https://www.africanamericanhistories.com/\">three books\u003c/a> on the history of African Americans in the Bay Area. Adkins says those are the first Black families in the South Bay she’s found records for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She notes there have historically been very few African Americans who have lived on the Peninsula and in the South Bay. This explains the relative lack of awareness of their cultural and economic contributions to those areas, particularly compared to those of the much larger Black communities in San Francisco and Oakland. But that’s not to say the South Bay’s Black communities have not been influential, from “since before the beginning,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico abolished slavery in 1829, but it took the United States until 1865 to officially do so. And although California was admitted to the Union in 1850 as a “free state,” the experience of Black residents here was complicated. There was even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/los-angeles-1850s-slave-market-is-now-the-site-of-a-federal-courthouse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slave market\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. Some Southerners who came to California after the Gold Rush brought slaves with them, and a number of them subsequently sued to secure their freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11860514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11860514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj.jpeg\" alt=\"James Williams was brought to California as a slave to mine in Sacramento Valley. Once he earned enough money, Williams was able to buy his freedom and moved to Murphy Ranch in Milpitas in 1852. Later he started his own business and operated freight teams between Hollister and San Francisco.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj.jpeg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj-800x541.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj-1020x689.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj-160x108.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Williams was brought to California as a slave to mine for gold in the Sacramento Valley. Once he earned enough money, Williams was able to buy his freedom and moved in 1852 to Murphy Ranch in Milpitas. Later he started his own business and operated freight teams between Hollister and San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Santa Clara City Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Many of the families that came here came as freed men and women from the East Coast. Many of them [also] came as slaves, and found freedom here in California,” Adkins says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>First Draft of Black History\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the mid-19th century, a number of Black newspapers, like the \u003ca href=\"https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=cl&cl=CL1&sp=PA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pacific Appeal\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/item/sn83027100/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mirror of the Times \u003c/a>and the \u003ca href=\"https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=cl&cl=CL1&sp=EL&\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elevator\u003c/a>, emerged in San Francisco. Today, they remain a treasure trove of tidbits of early Black history in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider this plea for subscriptions in the very first issue of the Pacific Appeal, in April 1862:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Reader! Our first number is before you. Will you sustain us in our infant enterprise? We have engaged in an undertaking which requires pecuniary outlay, energy, perseverance and ability. We have “Set our boat before the blast, Our breast before the gun,” and while there is a breeze to swell our canvas we will continue our voyage; — while we have a hand to wield a weapon (the pen,) we will battle against oppression and injustice. Will you support us?\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“I just fell in love with reading about the history of African Americans,” Adkins said. “Those newspapers were published in San Francisco, and those newspapers carried the stories of local pioneers, not only in San Francisco, but in the entire Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>African Americans in the South Bay built homes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/07/28/san-joses-historic-antioch-baptist-church-marks-a-milestone/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">churches\u003c/a> and schools. They were \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/sites/goldchains/explore/archy-lee.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abolitionists\u003c/a> before the Civil War, and sued for civil rights afterward. But the community was tiny, less than 100 people through much of the 19th century, according to Adkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"tommie-smith\"]That changed with the Great Migration beginning in the early 20th century, as African Americans from southern and midwestern states seeking new economic opportunities were drawn to cities like San Jose, Palo Alto and Milpitas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After World War II, some African Americans who had first arrived elsewhere in the Bay Area for military manufacturing jobs, later moved to the South Bay and the Peninsula for other industrial work, especially at \u003ca href=\"https://milpitashistoricalsociety.org/milpitas-history/milpitas-street-names/gross-street/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ford Motor Company\u003c/a> in Milpitas. A number of large technology companies, like IBM, were also hiring, as were local \u003ca href=\"https://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/2017/02/23/city-to-honor-distinguished-african-american-leaders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">governments\u003c/a> and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But newly arrived African Americans quickly discovered they were shut out from living in most South Bay neighborhoods due to “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/lowdown/18486/redlining\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">redlining\u003c/a>” and other discriminatory local housing policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were some exceptions, however, although few and far between. Adkins says some companies, like IBM, built worker housing where Black employees and their families could stay. And legendary Bay Area real estate developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11635574/how-joseph-eichler-introduced-stylish-housing-for-the-masses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joseph Eichler\u003c/a> famously did not discriminate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11860517\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1259px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11860517 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005.jpeg\" alt=\"The Jordan family poses for a photo in 1948. John Jordan settled in North San Jose in 1909, and was a leader in of the city's Antioch Baptist Church, itself established in 1893. \" width=\"1259\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005.jpeg 1259w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005-800x610.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005-1020x778.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005-160x122.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1259px) 100vw, 1259px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jordan family poses for a photo in 1948. John Jordan settled in North San Jose in 1909 and was a leader in the city’s Antioch Baptist Church, which was established in 1893. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Robert Ellington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1967, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/harry-edwards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Harry Edwards\u003c/a>, a young San Jose State University faculty member and former student athlete, organized a demonstration on the first day of fall semester to protest the lack of student housing available to Black football players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former KQED host Belva Davis, then with KPIX, \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/230943\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>, “Protesting groups have given the administration until 11 a.m. Friday to do something about the situation, or else they say they’ll stop the coming weekend football game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]The president of the university ultimately canceled that game, and campus activism for racial equality continued to grow throughout the late 1960s. Most famously, San Jose State sprinters Tommie Smith and John Carlos \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711644/black-power-the-1968-olympics-and-the-san-jose-state-students-who-shook-the-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">raised their clenched fists\u003c/a> in a Black Power salute while receiving their medals during the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City — a protest against racial discrimination back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, though, the explosive growth of Silicon Valley and the concurrent explosion in real estate prices have driven many Black residents out of the South Bay. Roughly 55,000 African Americans now live in Santa Clara County, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/santaclaracountycalifornia\">less than 3%\u003c/a> of the total population, according to U.S. census figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adkins says her research into the local history of African Americans has convinced her there are many more fascinating stories hidden in the state’s archives and family attics that must be discovered and told.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My feeling,” she says, “is if we do not write our history, if we do not document our history, who will?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1777, five families of mixed Mexican and African heritage arrived in Alta California with the Spanish to help establish \u003ca href=\"https://artsandculture.google.com/exhibit/a-year-in-the-life-of-a-spanish-colonial-pueblo-san-jos%C3%A9%C2%A0de-guadalupe-in-1809-history-san-jose/qgJCEgJtbqBZLw?hl=en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">El Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They grew the food for the presidios, the military installations in the Bay Area,” explains local historian Jan Batiste Adkins, who’s written \u003ca href=\"https://www.africanamericanhistories.com/\">three books\u003c/a> on the history of African Americans in the Bay Area. Adkins says those are the first Black families in the South Bay she’s found records for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She notes there have historically been very few African Americans who have lived on the Peninsula and in the South Bay. This explains the relative lack of awareness of their cultural and economic contributions to those areas, particularly compared to those of the much larger Black communities in San Francisco and Oakland. But that’s not to say the South Bay’s Black communities have not been influential, from “since before the beginning,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mexico abolished slavery in 1829, but it took the United States until 1865 to officially do so. And although California was admitted to the Union in 1850 as a “free state,” the experience of Black residents here was complicated. There was even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/los-angeles-1850s-slave-market-is-now-the-site-of-a-federal-courthouse\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">slave market\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. Some Southerners who came to California after the Gold Rush brought slaves with them, and a number of them subsequently sued to secure their freedom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11860514\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11860514\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj.jpeg\" alt=\"James Williams was brought to California as a slave to mine in Sacramento Valley. Once he earned enough money, Williams was able to buy his freedom and moved to Murphy Ranch in Milpitas in 1852. Later he started his own business and operated freight teams between Hollister and San Francisco.\" width=\"1280\" height=\"865\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj.jpeg 1280w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj-800x541.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj-1020x689.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/040-Pop-Harris-new-adj-160x108.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1280px) 100vw, 1280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Williams was brought to California as a slave to mine for gold in the Sacramento Valley. Once he earned enough money, Williams was able to buy his freedom and moved in 1852 to Murphy Ranch in Milpitas. Later he started his own business and operated freight teams between Hollister and San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Santa Clara City Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Many of the families that came here came as freed men and women from the East Coast. Many of them [also] came as slaves, and found freedom here in California,” Adkins says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>First Draft of Black History\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the mid-19th century, a number of Black newspapers, like the \u003ca href=\"https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=cl&cl=CL1&sp=PA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Pacific Appeal\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.loc.gov/item/sn83027100/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Mirror of the Times \u003c/a>and the \u003ca href=\"https://cdnc.ucr.edu/?a=cl&cl=CL1&sp=EL&\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elevator\u003c/a>, emerged in San Francisco. Today, they remain a treasure trove of tidbits of early Black history in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider this plea for subscriptions in the very first issue of the Pacific Appeal, in April 1862:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>Reader! Our first number is before you. Will you sustain us in our infant enterprise? We have engaged in an undertaking which requires pecuniary outlay, energy, perseverance and ability. We have “Set our boat before the blast, Our breast before the gun,” and while there is a breeze to swell our canvas we will continue our voyage; — while we have a hand to wield a weapon (the pen,) we will battle against oppression and injustice. Will you support us?\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“I just fell in love with reading about the history of African Americans,” Adkins said. “Those newspapers were published in San Francisco, and those newspapers carried the stories of local pioneers, not only in San Francisco, but in the entire Bay Area.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>African Americans in the South Bay built homes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2018/07/28/san-joses-historic-antioch-baptist-church-marks-a-milestone/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">churches\u003c/a> and schools. They were \u003ca href=\"https://www.aclunc.org/sites/goldchains/explore/archy-lee.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abolitionists\u003c/a> before the Civil War, and sued for civil rights afterward. But the community was tiny, less than 100 people through much of the 19th century, according to Adkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That changed with the Great Migration beginning in the early 20th century, as African Americans from southern and midwestern states seeking new economic opportunities were drawn to cities like San Jose, Palo Alto and Milpitas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After World War II, some African Americans who had first arrived elsewhere in the Bay Area for military manufacturing jobs, later moved to the South Bay and the Peninsula for other industrial work, especially at \u003ca href=\"https://milpitashistoricalsociety.org/milpitas-history/milpitas-street-names/gross-street/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ford Motor Company\u003c/a> in Milpitas. A number of large technology companies, like IBM, were also hiring, as were local \u003ca href=\"https://www.paloaltoonline.com/news/2017/02/23/city-to-honor-distinguished-african-american-leaders\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">governments\u003c/a> and universities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But newly arrived African Americans quickly discovered they were shut out from living in most South Bay neighborhoods due to “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/lowdown/18486/redlining\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">redlining\u003c/a>” and other discriminatory local housing policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were some exceptions, however, although few and far between. Adkins says some companies, like IBM, built worker housing where Black employees and their families could stay. And legendary Bay Area real estate developer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11635574/how-joseph-eichler-introduced-stylish-housing-for-the-masses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Joseph Eichler\u003c/a> famously did not discriminate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11860517\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1259px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11860517 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005.jpeg\" alt=\"The Jordan family poses for a photo in 1948. John Jordan settled in North San Jose in 1909, and was a leader in of the city's Antioch Baptist Church, itself established in 1893. \" width=\"1259\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005.jpeg 1259w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005-800x610.jpeg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005-1020x778.jpeg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/02/037-jordanellington_0005-160x122.jpeg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1259px) 100vw, 1259px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Jordan family poses for a photo in 1948. John Jordan settled in North San Jose in 1909 and was a leader in the city’s Antioch Baptist Church, which was established in 1893. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Robert Ellington)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1967, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/harry-edwards\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Harry Edwards\u003c/a>, a young San Jose State University faculty member and former student athlete, organized a demonstration on the first day of fall semester to protest the lack of student housing available to Black football players.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former KQED host Belva Davis, then with KPIX, \u003ca href=\"https://diva.sfsu.edu/collections/sfbatv/bundles/230943\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>, “Protesting groups have given the administration until 11 a.m. Friday to do something about the situation, or else they say they’ll stop the coming weekend football game.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The president of the university ultimately canceled that game, and campus activism for racial equality continued to grow throughout the late 1960s. Most famously, San Jose State sprinters Tommie Smith and John Carlos \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11711644/black-power-the-1968-olympics-and-the-san-jose-state-students-who-shook-the-world\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">raised their clenched fists\u003c/a> in a Black Power salute while receiving their medals during the 1968 Summer Olympics in Mexico City — a protest against racial discrimination back home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, though, the explosive growth of Silicon Valley and the concurrent explosion in real estate prices have driven many Black residents out of the South Bay. Roughly 55,000 African Americans now live in Santa Clara County, \u003ca href=\"https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/santaclaracountycalifornia\">less than 3%\u003c/a> of the total population, according to U.S. census figures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adkins says her research into the local history of African Americans has convinced her there are many more fascinating stories hidden in the state’s archives and family attics that must be discovered and told.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My feeling,” she says, “is if we do not write our history, if we do not document our history, who will?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Sora Matsushita had no idea just how big of an impact COVID-19 would have on everyday life. The 23-year-old international student from Japan, now a senior at San Francisco State University, believed stay-at-home orders issued in early March would essentially constitute an early Spring Break, and that the virus would be under control by April – he and his friends even nicknamed the shutdown ‘corona-cation.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Initially, when I heard that the school is going fully online, me and my friends kind of thought of it lightly, sort of like a vacation,” Matsushita said. But what first seemed like a joke has resulted in grim realities and difficult choices. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the COVID-19-related health concerns all students face, international students in California are grappling with continuing to pay full tuition for online-only learning that was supposed to be a rich, in-person cultural experience – on top of worries about whether they would be allowed to return to the United States if they left for their home counties due to confusing guidance from the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Chayanee Jantaradaval, international student at SF State\"]‘We’re staying in San Francisco, paying San Francisco prices, but we’re not getting the San Francisco experience that we looked forward to, coming as an international student.’[/pullquote]The California State University system typically enrolls about 4,000 new international students annually across 23 campuses, constituting about 3% of the student population. However, due to the coronavirus, the CSU system has seen an 11% decrease in the total international student population and a 40% decrease in new international students in its Fall 2020 census. That’s despite a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-11-10/cal-state-enrollment-surge-coronavirus-covid-online-classes\">surge in overall enrollment\u003c/a> during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of outreach CSUs were able to do because of shelter-at-home orders as well as visa closures in April directly impacted the number of admitted students for the fall semester, according to a spokesperson from CSU.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/38b6562b7aaa73ea66fb72b06472e05d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nationwide, most international students come from countries in Asia,\u003c/a> and these students contribute a large amount of money to the U.S. economy. According to a report conducted last November by NAFSA, a nonprofit association of international educators, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/policy-and-advocacy/policy-resources/nafsa-international-student-economic-value-tool-v2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">international students contributed a total of $41 billion\u003c/a> to America’s economy in the 2018-2019 academic school year. In California, international students contributed $6.8 billion to the state’s economy, the report said, a figure which includes students from CSU campuses and the UC system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who attend \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/isev/reports/district?year=2018&state=CA&district=19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Jose State University\u003c/a> – which admits the most international students of any CSU – contribute $148.2 million to the economy and support 852 jobs, according to the NAFSA report. International students who attend \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/isev/reports/district?year=2018&state=CA&district=14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SFSU\u003c/a> contribute $75.1 million to the economy and support 430 jobs. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/isev/reports/district?year=2018&state=CA&district=15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cal State East Bay’s\u003c/a> international students contribute $40.5 million to the economy and support 234 jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Leo Van Cleve, CSU assistant vice chancellor\"]‘[International Students] add to the diversity of the campus, the exchange of differing perspectives which benefit fellow students and the entire university community.’[/pullquote]CSU officials have been trying to preserve their current numbers. Dr. Leo Van Cleve, who oversees international programs across Cal State universities, explained that if the number of total international students at a CSU declines in a given year, that decline will continue to impact that university for at least four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For that reason, we would like to maintain our international enrollment so that when we are able to reopen campuses, we have not lost that element of our students,” Van Cleve said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pandemic has impacted recruitment efforts and increased bureaucratic roadblocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since shelter-in-place orders are forcing many people to work from home, international programs are unable to do their usual outreach. Despite trying various online methods, the program struggled to spread information about their study abroad programs because there were no in-person meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason why the number of international students has declined is due to limitations in visa sections in U.S. consulates worldwide since April. For international students, obtaining a visa is the first priority for studying abroad. Typically, students have to apply for a student visa, schedule an interview with the consulate and if they are approved then they have to gather the appropriate documents and prepare to come into the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But since the consulates were closed during the time of admittance, students were unable to obtain a valid visa because the process can take months to complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Consulates began reopening in June and July, but it may not have been enough time for students to get their visas,” Van Cleve said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of the 11% decrease in international students goes beyond money. “They add to the diversity of the campus, the exchange of differing perspectives which benefit fellow students and the entire university community,” Van Cleve wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Deportation Threat, Rescinded\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Van Cleve also mentioned that the Trump administration’s rash decision to deport international students due to all virtual classes caused confusion and fear among students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/sevp-modifies-temporary-exemptions-nonimmigrant-students-taking-online-courses-during\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued guidance in July\u003c/a> that threatened to deport international students to their home countries if they were unable to take at least one in-person class due to the pandemic. Soon after, big institutions like Harvard and MIT\u003ca href=\"https://www.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/content/sevp_filing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> filed a lawsuit,\u003c/a> resulting in the initial guidance being rescinded \u003ca href=\"https://www.acenet.edu/News-Room/Pages/Trump-Administration-Withdraws-Directive-Banning-International-Students.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">before the lawsuit moved forward\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the guidance being rescinded, the initial threat created a lot of concern among international students, who feared they might not be able to re-enter the country for school if the guidance were to have been approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847090\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11847090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-800x1210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-800x1210.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-1020x1542.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-1016x1536.jpg 1016w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221.jpg 1064w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Om Dhankara is an international student from Gujarat, India studying at SFSU. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Om Dhankara)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And some students are faced with a stark decision to stay or return to their home country to care for family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Om Dhankara, originally from Gujarat, India, came to the Bay Area at the end of last year. Before COVID-19, the 19-year-old was looking forward to the next four years experiencing a new campus. He decided to go to the Cal State University with the fifth-highest acceptance rate of international students: San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He began his studies at SFSU in January and was only able to experience in-person instruction for a month and a half. In that short amount of time, Dhankara saw the culture and diversity that makes up San Francisco and made connections with professors and students. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was really excited to have those classes as this was like a new thing for me to learn. I was meeting new people, new professors, and new culture and everything,” Dhankara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dhankara feels grateful that he was able to arrive at SFSU before the pandemic hit, but now he is faced with a difficult decision: whether to stay, social distancing in the Bay Area with five of his roommates, or return to India to take care of his father, who’s battling the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not good for me right now, to stay here, but I can’t do anything right now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dhankara plans on staying at SFSU until 2024, and as soon as a vaccine for the virus comes out, he plans on visiting his family in India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another student, Chayanee Jantaradaval, originally from Thailand, is in her last year at San Francisco State studying international business. Jantaradaval came to the Bay Area in 2017. Luckily, she was able to have a typical college experience for most of her undergraduate career – but Jantaradaval never expected to finish her last year at SFSU online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re staying in San Francisco, paying San Francisco prices, but we’re not getting the San Francisco experience that we looked forward to, coming as an international student,” said Jantaradaval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that she pays about $25,000 per semester. That includes per-unit class fees and off-campus living, food and transportation expenses. Despite the cost, Jantaradaval decided to persevere and complete her education during the pandemic. She’s on-track to graduate in the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sora Matsushita – who returned back to Japan on Oct. 21 – made the decision to head home after confirming he could watch his SF State courses’ online lectures at a time convenient for him. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a shame that I have to learn this way because I feel like I could be learning much more in person,” said Matsushita, who is studying behavioral economics. He decided to continue his studies in Japan while taking care of his mother, who currently lives alone. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want her to go out and expose herself,” he said of his mother, who is at high risk for COVID-19. He plans to come back to San Francisco in January to finish his last semester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the pandemic continues to keep people grappling with uncertainty, international students remain hopeful that after they graduate they will be able to get a job in the US. Upon graduating, international students are allowed to stay in the country for 90 days to find a job that will sponsor their visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need to be hired within the first three months, and that opportunity is definitely one of the reasons that I chose to even come to the United States,” Jantaradaval said. She still hopes to secure a job in real estate, despite the struggles the coronavirus has posed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Sora Matsushita had no idea just how big of an impact COVID-19 would have on everyday life. The 23-year-old international student from Japan, now a senior at San Francisco State University, believed stay-at-home orders issued in early March would essentially constitute an early Spring Break, and that the virus would be under control by April – he and his friends even nicknamed the shutdown ‘corona-cation.’\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Initially, when I heard that the school is going fully online, me and my friends kind of thought of it lightly, sort of like a vacation,” Matsushita said. But what first seemed like a joke has resulted in grim realities and difficult choices. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the COVID-19-related health concerns all students face, international students in California are grappling with continuing to pay full tuition for online-only learning that was supposed to be a rich, in-person cultural experience – on top of worries about whether they would be allowed to return to the United States if they left for their home counties due to confusing guidance from the Trump administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The California State University system typically enrolls about 4,000 new international students annually across 23 campuses, constituting about 3% of the student population. However, due to the coronavirus, the CSU system has seen an 11% decrease in the total international student population and a 40% decrease in new international students in its Fall 2020 census. That’s despite a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2020-11-10/cal-state-enrollment-surge-coronavirus-covid-online-classes\">surge in overall enrollment\u003c/a> during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lack of outreach CSUs were able to do because of shelter-at-home orders as well as visa closures in April directly impacted the number of admitted students for the fall semester, according to a spokesperson from CSU.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/38b6562b7aaa73ea66fb72b06472e05d\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Nationwide, most international students come from countries in Asia,\u003c/a> and these students contribute a large amount of money to the U.S. economy. According to a report conducted last November by NAFSA, a nonprofit association of international educators, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/policy-and-advocacy/policy-resources/nafsa-international-student-economic-value-tool-v2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">international students contributed a total of $41 billion\u003c/a> to America’s economy in the 2018-2019 academic school year. In California, international students contributed $6.8 billion to the state’s economy, the report said, a figure which includes students from CSU campuses and the UC system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those who attend \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/isev/reports/district?year=2018&state=CA&district=19\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">San Jose State University\u003c/a> – which admits the most international students of any CSU – contribute $148.2 million to the economy and support 852 jobs, according to the NAFSA report. International students who attend \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/isev/reports/district?year=2018&state=CA&district=14\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">SFSU\u003c/a> contribute $75.1 million to the economy and support 430 jobs. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.nafsa.org/isev/reports/district?year=2018&state=CA&district=15\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Cal State East Bay’s\u003c/a> international students contribute $40.5 million to the economy and support 234 jobs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘[International Students] add to the diversity of the campus, the exchange of differing perspectives which benefit fellow students and the entire university community.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>CSU officials have been trying to preserve their current numbers. Dr. Leo Van Cleve, who oversees international programs across Cal State universities, explained that if the number of total international students at a CSU declines in a given year, that decline will continue to impact that university for at least four years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For that reason, we would like to maintain our international enrollment so that when we are able to reopen campuses, we have not lost that element of our students,” Van Cleve said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the pandemic has impacted recruitment efforts and increased bureaucratic roadblocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since shelter-in-place orders are forcing many people to work from home, international programs are unable to do their usual outreach. Despite trying various online methods, the program struggled to spread information about their study abroad programs because there were no in-person meetings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason why the number of international students has declined is due to limitations in visa sections in U.S. consulates worldwide since April. For international students, obtaining a visa is the first priority for studying abroad. Typically, students have to apply for a student visa, schedule an interview with the consulate and if they are approved then they have to gather the appropriate documents and prepare to come into the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But since the consulates were closed during the time of admittance, students were unable to obtain a valid visa because the process can take months to complete.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Consulates began reopening in June and July, but it may not have been enough time for students to get their visas,” Van Cleve said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The impact of the 11% decrease in international students goes beyond money. “They add to the diversity of the campus, the exchange of differing perspectives which benefit fellow students and the entire university community,” Van Cleve wrote in an email.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>A Deportation Threat, Rescinded\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Van Cleve also mentioned that the Trump administration’s rash decision to deport international students due to all virtual classes caused confusion and fear among students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/news/releases/sevp-modifies-temporary-exemptions-nonimmigrant-students-taking-online-courses-during\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issued guidance in July\u003c/a> that threatened to deport international students to their home countries if they were unable to take at least one in-person class due to the pandemic. Soon after, big institutions like Harvard and MIT\u003ca href=\"https://www.harvard.edu/sites/default/files/content/sevp_filing.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> filed a lawsuit,\u003c/a> resulting in the initial guidance being rescinded \u003ca href=\"https://www.acenet.edu/News-Room/Pages/Trump-Administration-Withdraws-Directive-Banning-International-Students.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">before the lawsuit moved forward\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the guidance being rescinded, the initial threat created a lot of concern among international students, who feared they might not be able to re-enter the country for school if the guidance were to have been approved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11847090\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11847090\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-800x1210.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-800x1210.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-1020x1542.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221-1016x1536.jpg 1016w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/IMG_2221.jpg 1064w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Om Dhankara is an international student from Gujarat, India studying at SFSU. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Om Dhankara)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And some students are faced with a stark decision to stay or return to their home country to care for family members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Om Dhankara, originally from Gujarat, India, came to the Bay Area at the end of last year. Before COVID-19, the 19-year-old was looking forward to the next four years experiencing a new campus. He decided to go to the Cal State University with the fifth-highest acceptance rate of international students: San Francisco State University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He began his studies at SFSU in January and was only able to experience in-person instruction for a month and a half. In that short amount of time, Dhankara saw the culture and diversity that makes up San Francisco and made connections with professors and students. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was really excited to have those classes as this was like a new thing for me to learn. I was meeting new people, new professors, and new culture and everything,” Dhankara said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dhankara feels grateful that he was able to arrive at SFSU before the pandemic hit, but now he is faced with a difficult decision: whether to stay, social distancing in the Bay Area with five of his roommates, or return to India to take care of his father, who’s battling the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not good for me right now, to stay here, but I can’t do anything right now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dhankara plans on staying at SFSU until 2024, and as soon as a vaccine for the virus comes out, he plans on visiting his family in India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another student, Chayanee Jantaradaval, originally from Thailand, is in her last year at San Francisco State studying international business. Jantaradaval came to the Bay Area in 2017. Luckily, she was able to have a typical college experience for most of her undergraduate career – but Jantaradaval never expected to finish her last year at SFSU online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re staying in San Francisco, paying San Francisco prices, but we’re not getting the San Francisco experience that we looked forward to, coming as an international student,” said Jantaradaval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said that she pays about $25,000 per semester. That includes per-unit class fees and off-campus living, food and transportation expenses. Despite the cost, Jantaradaval decided to persevere and complete her education during the pandemic. She’s on-track to graduate in the spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sora Matsushita – who returned back to Japan on Oct. 21 – made the decision to head home after confirming he could watch his SF State courses’ online lectures at a time convenient for him. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a shame that I have to learn this way because I feel like I could be learning much more in person,” said Matsushita, who is studying behavioral economics. He decided to continue his studies in Japan while taking care of his mother, who currently lives alone. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I didn’t want her to go out and expose herself,” he said of his mother, who is at high risk for COVID-19. He plans to come back to San Francisco in January to finish his last semester.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the pandemic continues to keep people grappling with uncertainty, international students remain hopeful that after they graduate they will be able to get a job in the US. Upon graduating, international students are allowed to stay in the country for 90 days to find a job that will sponsor their visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You need to be hired within the first three months, and that opportunity is definitely one of the reasons that I chose to even come to the United States,” Jantaradaval said. She still hopes to secure a job in real estate, despite the struggles the coronavirus has posed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the midst of the Bay Area’s housing crisis, San Jose State University may get a gift it could never afford today: an office building near campus, ripe for razing and replacing with apartments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the heart of downtown San Jose, a block from SJSU’s campus, sits the state-owned Alfred E. Alquist Building. From a design standpoint, it’s fair to say few people give it a second look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Charlie Faas, SJSU senior vice president of administration and finance']‘If we don’t solve the faculty staff housing issue, it’s going to be really hard to have classes and educate students.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This building is ugly,” said Charlie Faas, SJSU’s senior vice president of administration and finance. “This building is a three-story concrete pillar-type building that has a lot of open spaces inside, a lot of less-than-good utilization of the space, and it’s short.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state agrees. In fact, California’s real estate division recommended that current tenants — like the Department of Public Health — move elsewhere so that the Alquist Building can be transferred to another state agency free of charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose State wants to be that agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Housing Help for Faculty Feeling the Squeeze\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Faas has big plans: parking, retail and several new residential towers, with up to 1,000 below-market-rate apartments for faculty and graduate students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"William Armaline, professor of sociology at SJSU\"]‘You work very hard on a professional degree … I’m a tenured professor. You expect at least to not live a fully precarious existence in terms of, you know, housing and food.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we don’t solve the faculty staff housing issue, it’s going to be really hard to have classes and educate students, and at the end of the day that’s what we’re about,” Faas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city has been named the hottest housing market in the country by Zillow two years in a row. The median rent is \u003ca href=\"https://www.zillow.com/san-jose-ca/home-values/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">$3,500\u003c/a>. It can be difficult even for tenured professors to compete in that housing market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You work very hard on a professional degree or a doctorate and you work very hard to establish your career,” said SJSU sociology professor William Armaline. “I’m a tenured professor. You expect at least to not live a fully precarious existence in terms of, you know, housing and food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Armaline and his wife, who works as a social worker, can’t afford to buy a house in San Jose. They rent a condo about 2 miles from campus. They got a good deal on the rent, and the landlord hasn’t asked for market rate in seven years. But it’s a tight squeeze for the couple, their foster daughter and their foster grandkid. And it’s in need of some serious updates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re in the kind of situation that we’re in, and I think many others are in, you basically start fixing everything yourself and seeing which you can live with,” Armaline said. “Because, you know, you’re really only living at the generosity of that landlord, who quite frankly has a great deal more interest in getting rid of you.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>But What About Homeless Students?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>But faculty and staff should not be the school’s only priority, according to Mayra Bernabe of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/shasjsu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Student Homeless Alliance\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Student Homelessness\" tag=\"student-homelessness\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www2.calstate.edu/impact-of-the-csu/student-success/basic-needs-initiative/Documents/BasicNeedsStudy_phaseII_withAccessibilityComments.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A 2018 survey\u003c/a> found that roughly 13 percent of San Jose State students experienced homelessness in the past year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our students cannot go through their four years plus without the basic needs. And that’s, you know, food and housing,” Bernabe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some homeless students spend the night in San Jose State’s 24-hour library. Juan Marrufo, who just graduated from San Jose State, used to sleep there sometimes between shifts at his part-time job and classes. He says you don’t get good sleep there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would have my backpack around my arms because I was afraid that somebody might steal my backpack or my information,” Marrufo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Alliance is asking that 20 percent of Faas’ planned units be affordable for very low-income and extremely low-income students. But even if he agrees, it would be several years before anyone gets a door key.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Ash Kalra helped put a $250,000 allocation to San Jose State into the California general budget to help the university create a development plan. It would need to be approved by the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it’s a win for the state, a win for San Jose State University and certainly a win for the city of San Jose, ultimately benefiting students in need,” Kalra said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What Happens Next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>San Jose State will deliver its plans for the project to the state. California’s Department of General Services will evaluate SJSU’s plans, and make a decision on the Alquist building’s fate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The] decision would be guided by what is in the state’s best interest,” said Jennifer Lida, a Dept. of General Services spokesperson in an email to KQED. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But it’s a balance of any number of factors, including: our authority; state needs, such as housing; our fiduciary responsibility; the tenant department’s needs; the constituents of the tenant departments and other state agency needs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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},
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"title": "The California Report Magazine",
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},
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},
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"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"meta": {
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},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"apple": "http://mastersofscale.app.link/",
"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
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