This Stockton Park Is a Weekend Haven for Hmong and Cambodian Bites
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Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff
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Central Valley Punjabi and Hmong Communities Excited by New Ballot Rules
Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation
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Follow along on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/californiafoodways?ref=hl\">Facebook page\u003c/a> or on Twitter @cafoodways.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lisa Morehouse | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/dae74b002a6e256f39abb19d6f5acaea?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lmorehouse"},"lesleymcclurg":{"type":"authors","id":"11229","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11229","found":true},"name":"Lesley McClurg","firstName":"Lesley","lastName":"McClurg","slug":"lesleymcclurg","email":"lmcclurg@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news","science"],"title":"KQED Health Correspondent","bio":"Lesley McClurg is a health correspondent and fill-in host. 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When on deadline she fuels herself almost exclusively on chocolate chips.\r\n\r\n ","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"lesleywmcclurg","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"stateofhealth","roles":["author"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"forum","roles":["author"]}],"headData":{"title":"Lesley McClurg | KQED","description":"KQED Health Correspondent","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/3fb78e873af3312f34d0bc1d60a07c7f?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/lesleymcclurg"},"vrancano":{"type":"authors","id":"11276","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11276","found":true},"name":"Vanessa Rancaño","firstName":"Vanessa","lastName":"Rancaño","slug":"vrancano","email":"vrancano@kqed.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":["news"],"title":"Reporter, Housing","bio":"Vanessa Rancaño reports on housing and homelessness for KQED. She’s also covered education for the station and reported from the Central Valley. Her work has aired across public radio, from flagship national news shows to longform narrative podcasts. Before taking up a mic, she worked as a freelance print journalist. She’s been recognized with a number of national and regional awards. Vanessa grew up in California's Central Valley. She's a former NPR Kroc Fellow, and a graduate of the UC Berkeley Graduate School of Journalism.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"vanessarancano","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Vanessa Rancaño | KQED","description":"Reporter, Housing","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/f6c0fc5d391c78710bcfc723f0636ef6?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/vrancano"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"news_11973699":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11973699","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11973699","score":null,"sort":[1706283044000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"this-stockton-park-is-a-weekend-haven-for-hmong-and-cambodian-bites","title":"This Stockton Park Is a Weekend Haven for Hmong and Cambodian Bites","publishDate":1706283044,"format":"standard","headTitle":"This Stockton Park Is a Weekend Haven for Hmong and Cambodian Bites | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":26731,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>At first glance, Angel Cruz Park on the northern end of Stockton doesn’t appear extraordinary — there are tennis courts, a softball field, a playground and picnic tables. But along the southern end, the air is filled with wafts of smoke, the smell of grilled meats and karaoke tracks booming out of speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than 30 years, especially on weekends, Angel Cruz Park has been a destination for made-to-order dishes created by local food vendors, many of whom are Hmong and Cambodian immigrants. Locals argue over who has the best beef sticks or papaya salad.[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rotana Lach, food vendor, Angel Cruz Park in Stockton\"]‘I make beef stick, chicken stick, sausage, angel wing, stuffed chicken, lao sausage and papaya salad. I make everything by myself.’[/pullquote]The vendors that make this park a food-lovers destination start their days early. Rotana Lach was the first to arrive on a recent Sunday. At 7 a.m., before she even set up her cooking station, she swept the area clean with a tree branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a mischievous smile, Lach explained that 15 years ago, when she was first establishing herself as a vendor in this park, she used to show up even earlier, at 2 or 3 in the morning, to stake out this prime spot. That didn’t make her too popular with other vendors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After that, they get mad at me all the time,” Lach said with a little laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She began unloading her car, which was stuffed with folding tables, charcoal and cleaning supplies\u003cem>. \u003c/em>She pulled out coolers full of food she prepped at home in the middle of the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I make beef stick, chicken stick, sausage, angel wing, stuffed chicken, lao sausage and papaya salad,” she said. “I make everything by myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lach started cooking as a livelihood in a roundabout way. Growing up in Cambodia, she rejected her family’s efforts to get her to cook, saying it felt too traditional. Born in Battambang in 1974, the chaos of the war in Vietnam and ongoing regional conflicts was all around her.[aside label='More on California Foodways' tag='california-foodways']When she was a little girl, she said, a friend accidentally detonated an explosive near her, leaving her with burn scars that are still painful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, it’s like my head hurts,” Lach said. “I cannot control myself, sometimes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years after the explosion, Lach said her family moved out of the city to cultivate land closer to the Thai border. As she grew older, into her teen years, her family was even more eager for her to learn to cook. They saw it as a necessary skill for her future, but Lach resisted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell my stepmom, ‘No, I don’t want to cook,’” Lach said. “When people ask [about] marriage, tell them your daughter [doesn’t] know how to cook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her plan to delay marriage worked for a while; suitors stopped asking to marry her. But Lach said, eventually, she did marry, and her husband brought her to Stockton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/fact-sheet/asian-americans-cambodians-in-the-u-s/\">home to one of the largest populations of Cambodians in the country.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972487\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a baseball cap smiles while working with food in an park setting.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bopha Om works at her cousin Rotana’s side, making papaya salad to order at Angel Cruz Park on Nov. 12, 2023. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That was 20 years ago, and she’s since divorced that husband. But the difficulty of those early days hasn’t left her. When she arrived in California, she only spoke Khmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No writing, no reading,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She didn’t speak any English, so she attended adult school for about five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooking finally caught up to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a husband and a growing family, she finally had to learn. At parties, she’d spy on what experienced cooks were doing. She also spent time online watching cooking videos on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that work paid off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, her stall at the Angel Cruz Park food market earns enough money to support her four kids and to send funds back to relatives in Cambodia.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A multigenerational community\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The vendors at this longstanding market represent several different generations within the Southeast Asian community. Many of the longest-standing stalls are run by older folks. Lach falls into the middle category. And then, there are the younger, newer folks, like Steve Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a Cambodian American, we’re known for using a lemongrass paste,” Kim said. “[It] has like kaffir lime leaf, garlic, longa, turmeric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972484\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972484\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a baseball cap smiles while standing under a tent in an park setting.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Kim at his stand at Angel Cruz Park on Nov. 12, 2023. Kim started selling three lemonades at the park in the summer of 2023 and has since added Cambodian food, waffles and boba teas to his menu. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kim’s tent is fancier than the others, with laminated images of the items he sells: lemonades, boba tea, Cambodian food and waffles. The 30-year-old said his stomach led him to start cooking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the fourth grade, I was like, ‘Hey, mom’s always working. Dad is always working. You know, we come [home] after school [and we’re] starving.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked his mom to teach him some Cambodian basics — and his cooking evolved from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After managing restaurants for years and making food videos on TikTok, he started selling at Angel Cruz Park in the summer of 2023. He wanted to see if he could build a customer base before jumping into the financial commitment of a full-fledged restaurant. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Steve Kim, food vendor, Angel Cruz Park\"]‘When the Southeast Asians migrated, they decided to showcase their food and their culture. … this park has grown a lot. The food is cheap; it’s made fresh to order. And it’s like a community event.’[/pullquote]“So once I got my business license all set up, my permits and everything, I was like, ‘Hey, let’s just try it out,’” Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started with three types of lemonade — strawberry, grapefruit and dragonfruit — and then added more items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Angel Cruz Park market is a Stockton institution, Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the Southeast Asians migrated, they decided to showcase their food and their culture,” Kim said. “And since then, this park has grown a lot. The food is cheap; it’s made fresh to order. And it’s like a community event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He likes that there are multiple generations at the park, elders who established this tradition, and people his age who are expanding on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You hear a lot of negativity about Stockton, but once you come here and you see it [with] your own eyes, it’s not like that,” Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"For more than 30 years, Angel Cruz Park in Stockton has been a destination for made-to-order dishes created by local food vendors, many of whom are Hmong and Cambodian immigrants. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1706294558,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":1178},"headData":{"title":"This Stockton Park Is a Weekend Haven for Hmong and Cambodian Bites | KQED","description":"For more than 30 years, Angel Cruz Park in Stockton has been a destination for made-to-order dishes created by local food vendors, many of whom are Hmong and Cambodian immigrants. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"This Stockton Park Is a Weekend Haven for Hmong and Cambodian Bites","datePublished":"2024-01-26T15:30:44.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-26T18:42:38.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/b1229e45-a72d-4988-81aa-b10101815af7/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11973699/this-stockton-park-is-a-weekend-haven-for-hmong-and-cambodian-bites","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At first glance, Angel Cruz Park on the northern end of Stockton doesn’t appear extraordinary — there are tennis courts, a softball field, a playground and picnic tables. But along the southern end, the air is filled with wafts of smoke, the smell of grilled meats and karaoke tracks booming out of speakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more than 30 years, especially on weekends, Angel Cruz Park has been a destination for made-to-order dishes created by local food vendors, many of whom are Hmong and Cambodian immigrants. Locals argue over who has the best beef sticks or papaya salad.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘I make beef stick, chicken stick, sausage, angel wing, stuffed chicken, lao sausage and papaya salad. I make everything by myself.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Rotana Lach, food vendor, Angel Cruz Park in Stockton","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The vendors that make this park a food-lovers destination start their days early. Rotana Lach was the first to arrive on a recent Sunday. At 7 a.m., before she even set up her cooking station, she swept the area clean with a tree branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a mischievous smile, Lach explained that 15 years ago, when she was first establishing herself as a vendor in this park, she used to show up even earlier, at 2 or 3 in the morning, to stake out this prime spot. That didn’t make her too popular with other vendors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After that, they get mad at me all the time,” Lach said with a little laugh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She began unloading her car, which was stuffed with folding tables, charcoal and cleaning supplies\u003cem>. \u003c/em>She pulled out coolers full of food she prepped at home in the middle of the night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I make beef stick, chicken stick, sausage, angel wing, stuffed chicken, lao sausage and papaya salad,” she said. “I make everything by myself.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lach started cooking as a livelihood in a roundabout way. Growing up in Cambodia, she rejected her family’s efforts to get her to cook, saying it felt too traditional. Born in Battambang in 1974, the chaos of the war in Vietnam and ongoing regional conflicts was all around her.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"label":"More on California Foodways ","tag":"california-foodways"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>When she was a little girl, she said, a friend accidentally detonated an explosive near her, leaving her with burn scars that are still painful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sometimes, it’s like my head hurts,” Lach said. “I cannot control myself, sometimes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few years after the explosion, Lach said her family moved out of the city to cultivate land closer to the Thai border. As she grew older, into her teen years, her family was even more eager for her to learn to cook. They saw it as a necessary skill for her future, but Lach resisted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I tell my stepmom, ‘No, I don’t want to cook,’” Lach said. “When people ask [about] marriage, tell them your daughter [doesn’t] know how to cook.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her plan to delay marriage worked for a while; suitors stopped asking to marry her. But Lach said, eventually, she did marry, and her husband brought her to Stockton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.pewresearch.org/social-trends/fact-sheet/asian-americans-cambodians-in-the-u-s/\">home to one of the largest populations of Cambodians in the country.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972487\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972487\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person wearing a baseball cap smiles while working with food in an park setting.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-03-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bopha Om works at her cousin Rotana’s side, making papaya salad to order at Angel Cruz Park on Nov. 12, 2023. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That was 20 years ago, and she’s since divorced that husband. But the difficulty of those early days hasn’t left her. When she arrived in California, she only spoke Khmer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No writing, no reading,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She didn’t speak any English, so she attended adult school for about five years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cooking finally caught up to her.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With a husband and a growing family, she finally had to learn. At parties, she’d spy on what experienced cooks were doing. She also spent time online watching cooking videos on YouTube.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All that work paid off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, her stall at the Angel Cruz Park food market earns enough money to support her four kids and to send funds back to relatives in Cambodia.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A multigenerational community\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The vendors at this longstanding market represent several different generations within the Southeast Asian community. Many of the longest-standing stalls are run by older folks. Lach falls into the middle category. And then, there are the younger, newer folks, like Steve Kim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As a Cambodian American, we’re known for using a lemongrass paste,” Kim said. “[It] has like kaffir lime leaf, garlic, longa, turmeric.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11972484\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11972484\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A person in a baseball cap smiles while standing under a tent in an park setting.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/01/240111-ANGEL-CRUZ-PARK-LM-01-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steve Kim at his stand at Angel Cruz Park on Nov. 12, 2023. Kim started selling three lemonades at the park in the summer of 2023 and has since added Cambodian food, waffles and boba teas to his menu. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Kim’s tent is fancier than the others, with laminated images of the items he sells: lemonades, boba tea, Cambodian food and waffles. The 30-year-old said his stomach led him to start cooking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the fourth grade, I was like, ‘Hey, mom’s always working. Dad is always working. You know, we come [home] after school [and we’re] starving.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He asked his mom to teach him some Cambodian basics — and his cooking evolved from there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After managing restaurants for years and making food videos on TikTok, he started selling at Angel Cruz Park in the summer of 2023. He wanted to see if he could build a customer base before jumping into the financial commitment of a full-fledged restaurant. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘When the Southeast Asians migrated, they decided to showcase their food and their culture. … this park has grown a lot. The food is cheap; it’s made fresh to order. And it’s like a community event.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Steve Kim, food vendor, Angel Cruz Park","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“So once I got my business license all set up, my permits and everything, I was like, ‘Hey, let’s just try it out,’” Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He started with three types of lemonade — strawberry, grapefruit and dragonfruit — and then added more items.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Angel Cruz Park market is a Stockton institution, Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the Southeast Asians migrated, they decided to showcase their food and their culture,” Kim said. “And since then, this park has grown a lot. The food is cheap; it’s made fresh to order. And it’s like a community event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He likes that there are multiple generations at the park, elders who established this tradition, and people his age who are expanding on it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You hear a lot of negativity about Stockton, but once you come here and you see it [with] your own eyes, it’s not like that,” Kim said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11973699/this-stockton-park-is-a-weekend-haven-for-hmong-and-cambodian-bites","authors":["3229"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_8"],"tags":["news_17886","news_30864","news_22973","news_27626","news_333","news_20632","news_17708","news_33457","news_784","news_29436"],"featImg":"news_11972486","label":"news_26731"},"news_11964902":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11964902","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11964902","score":null,"sort":[1697806895000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"unearthing-fresnos-hidden-rice-fields-through-one-womans-journey","title":"Unearthing Fresno's Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman's Journey","publishDate":1697806895,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Unearthing Fresno’s Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman’s Journey | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>In 1977, Fresno was home to only one Hmong family. But within a few decades, the Hmong community blossomed into a staggering 35,000 residents, all refugees from Vietnam and Laos. They were resettled in the Central Valley and other parts of California as part of the U.S. State Department relocation program. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\"]‘The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has. Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.’[/pullquote]Ia Moua was one of those resilient refugees, arriving in Fresno with her husband and eight children in 1993. It was long after the Vietnam War ended and they were among thousands of migrants still awaiting resettlement from refugee camps in Thailand. Many, like Moua, didn’t speak English and couldn’t read or write in any language. They felt adrift in their new country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Moua’s unwavering determination and her deep-rooted connection to her homeland ultimately led her to embark on a remarkable journey — one that author and photographer Lisa M. Hamilton chronicles in her new book, \u003cem>The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\u003c/em>. (Hamilton uses a pseudonym for Ia’s last name in the book. For clarity, we are using that last name as well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has,” Hamilton said. “Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964963\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A person kneels outside of a small hut on a blue tarp as they work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Threshing rice with a stick, beating the bundles over a wooden stump. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s, first book was called \u003ca href=\"https://www.counterpointpress.com/books/deeply-rooted/\">\u003cem>Deeply Rooted: Unconventional Farmers in the Age of Agribusiness\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>For this project, she’d initially set out to write about rice cultivation worldwide. Her path took an unexpected turn, though, when she discovered a network of Hmong farmers, predominantly women, many of them grandmothers, who were cultivating rice in the Central Valley. When Hamilton met Moua during a chance encounter at a farm in Fresno, the book she was writing quickly turned to focus on Moua’s intimate narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia approached me and also the interpreter who I was working with and said, ‘If you guys ever want to come talk to me, I’ve got some stories to tell.’ And I was immediately intrigued,” Hamilton recalled. “We came and visited her the next week, and after that, the book sort of effortlessly became about Ia. The rice receded into the background and Ia’s story became the focus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rice as a bridge from Laos to Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Born in 1964, Moua grew up surrounded by the chaos and violence of war. When U.S. forces retreated from Vietnam in 1975, they left the Hmong, who had allied with them during the war, vulnerable to retribution from the new communist government. The violence, persecution and displacement became unbearable, pushing Moua and many others to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 15 years old and nine months pregnant with her first child, Moua embarked on a harrowing journey to Thailand. Eventually, she and her husband and other family landed in a refugee camp along the Mekong River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964961\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A blue tarp with piles of greenery on it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pile of rice bundles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the next 15 years, Moua birthed seven more children in the refugee camp. When the large family eventually boarded a plane to Fresno, Moua’s connection to her homeland and culture remained strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bridge the gap between her new life in California and her memories of her family back in Laos, she decided to cultivate \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab. \u003c/em>The name roughly means “fresh rice,” but much is lost in translation. It is unlike any variety sold in U.S. grocery stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>, Hamilton writes about how Moua’s decision to plant 10 rows of \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab\u003c/em> in a Fresno field was a way to connect to her parents back in Laos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>“The rice was a medium for memory, a spiritual bridge on which her heart could walk across all that longing and return to when she was with them both [her parents] in person. It happened when the first green shoots poked through the soil. Then when the leaves grew thick and wind rushed through them. When the plants miraculously flowered and then filled out the stomach of each little grain, the past that felt so far away came surging back.” \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s book chronicles how Hmong refugees from all across Fresno arrive at Moua’s field to help pull weeds in floppy hats in searing temperatures. The fields are not just a place for hard labor. They’ve become a gathering ground for the Hmong community in Fresno. In turn, the harvest season is not just about hand-picking the crop. It’s a time for storytelling, socializing and singing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964960\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A hand stirs a large wok filled with grain.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Man roasting rice in farm shed. The woks rest on a handmade clay hearth, and the fire is lit underneath. Fresno. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The rice field, it’s this little postage stamp within Fresno that brings people back again and again,” Hamilton said. “Sometimes, Ia will be there working and she will hear singing. Singing is a way of sort of unburdening themselves, bringing their troubles outside of themselves. And the rice acts as a sort of listener.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>People start to appear. On Sunday afternoons especially, there are caravans of minivans and SUVs. People pile out the doors, and right there in the driveway they change their clothes, trading ordinary city outfits for the elaborate puzzle of pleated skirts and fitted jackets and long sashes that their Hmong ancestors once wore every day. Posing with the rice, they click off scores of photos. The best among them sing to the rice while the rest film videos with their phones. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2>Struggling to preserve a tiny family-run farm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The future of small-scale farms is threatened on all sides by industrial-scale Ag giants, and by climate change, which is making summers hotter and winters drier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11964964 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"Old clothes are hung on a cross to make a scarecrow in a field.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scarecrow with rice plants. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moua’s children have sought employment indoors at Walmart or the Gap. Moua’s husband worked the graveyard shift at a poultry plant. Yet, amid the struggles, farming their own tiny rice plot provides these refugees a taste of autonomy and a personal sense of fulfillment. [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\"]‘I promised [Ia] … that I would raise the money to have [‘The Hungry Season’] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook. When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.’[/pullquote]Hamilton and interpreter Lor Xiong spent six years shadowing Moua in the rice fields. Hamilton learned to cultivate rice while learning Moua’s life story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t sitting at a table across from Ia with a microphone,” Hamilton explained. “It was really important to me that my work not take away from her work. She would continue working and I would work alongside her. So whether she’s planting rice, or harvesting rice or weeding — I was doing the same thing. Following up, following alongside her, Lor would be with us, holding the recorder and interpreting.” [aside postID=news_11956315 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/gettyimages-1231093862_wide-4195c57f825738c502a8a11e343c9df96ca71caf-1020x574.jpg']Along the way, the three women, author, subject and translator, cultivated a profound friendship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia and I would be working, and kind of the way you talk to a teenager in the car, so you don’t have to be looking at each other. There is just this sort of ease that comes from just being together,” Hamilton said. “We did this over the course of five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One challenge, though, is making sure that Moua can read the biography Hamilton wrote. She doesn’t read or write in Hmong or English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I promised [Ia], and really myself, that I would raise the money to have [\u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook, which I intend to distribute for free,” Hamilton said. “When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Lisa M. Hamilton's book, ‘The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival,’ follows Hmong refugees in Fresno uniting during rice harvest season.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1697759389,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":22,"wordCount":1470},"headData":{"title":"Unearthing Fresno's Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman's Journey | KQED","description":"Lisa M. Hamilton's book, ‘The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival,’ follows Hmong refugees in Fresno uniting during rice harvest season.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Unearthing Fresno's Hidden Rice Fields Through One Woman's Journey","datePublished":"2023-10-20T13:01:35.000Z","dateModified":"2023-10-19T23:49:49.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"source":"The California Report Magazine","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/californiareportmagazine","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/ec1c34f6-645f-40b0-80af-b09f016de032/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/news/11964902/unearthing-fresnos-hidden-rice-fields-through-one-womans-journey","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In 1977, Fresno was home to only one Hmong family. But within a few decades, the Hmong community blossomed into a staggering 35,000 residents, all refugees from Vietnam and Laos. They were resettled in the Central Valley and other parts of California as part of the U.S. State Department relocation program. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has. Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ia Moua was one of those resilient refugees, arriving in Fresno with her husband and eight children in 1993. It was long after the Vietnam War ended and they were among thousands of migrants still awaiting resettlement from refugee camps in Thailand. Many, like Moua, didn’t speak English and couldn’t read or write in any language. They felt adrift in their new country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Moua’s unwavering determination and her deep-rooted connection to her homeland ultimately led her to embark on a remarkable journey — one that author and photographer Lisa M. Hamilton chronicles in her new book, \u003cem>The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival\u003c/em>. (Hamilton uses a pseudonym for Ia’s last name in the book. For clarity, we are using that last name as well.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The only way to really understand what drew me to telling Ia’s story is her persistence and this tenacity that she has,” Hamilton said. “Starting with so little, and then, really losing everything that she loves.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964963\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A person kneels outside of a small hut on a blue tarp as they work.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13740006-Woman-kneeling-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Threshing rice with a stick, beating the bundles over a wooden stump. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s, first book was called \u003ca href=\"https://www.counterpointpress.com/books/deeply-rooted/\">\u003cem>Deeply Rooted: Unconventional Farmers in the Age of Agribusiness\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>For this project, she’d initially set out to write about rice cultivation worldwide. Her path took an unexpected turn, though, when she discovered a network of Hmong farmers, predominantly women, many of them grandmothers, who were cultivating rice in the Central Valley. When Hamilton met Moua during a chance encounter at a farm in Fresno, the book she was writing quickly turned to focus on Moua’s intimate narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia approached me and also the interpreter who I was working with and said, ‘If you guys ever want to come talk to me, I’ve got some stories to tell.’ And I was immediately intrigued,” Hamilton recalled. “We came and visited her the next week, and after that, the book sort of effortlessly became about Ia. The rice receded into the background and Ia’s story became the focus.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rice as a bridge from Laos to Fresno\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Born in 1964, Moua grew up surrounded by the chaos and violence of war. When U.S. forces retreated from Vietnam in 1975, they left the Hmong, who had allied with them during the war, vulnerable to retribution from the new communist government. The violence, persecution and displacement became unbearable, pushing Moua and many others to flee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At 15 years old and nine months pregnant with her first child, Moua embarked on a harrowing journey to Thailand. Eventually, she and her husband and other family landed in a refugee camp along the Mekong River.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964961\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A blue tarp with piles of greenery on it.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/10320007-Pile-of-rice-bundles-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A pile of rice bundles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>During the next 15 years, Moua birthed seven more children in the refugee camp. When the large family eventually boarded a plane to Fresno, Moua’s connection to her homeland and culture remained strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To bridge the gap between her new life in California and her memories of her family back in Laos, she decided to cultivate \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab. \u003c/em>The name roughly means “fresh rice,” but much is lost in translation. It is unlike any variety sold in U.S. grocery stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>, Hamilton writes about how Moua’s decision to plant 10 rows of \u003cem>mov nplej tshiab\u003c/em> in a Fresno field was a way to connect to her parents back in Laos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>“The rice was a medium for memory, a spiritual bridge on which her heart could walk across all that longing and return to when she was with them both [her parents] in person. It happened when the first green shoots poked through the soil. Then when the leaves grew thick and wind rushed through them. When the plants miraculously flowered and then filled out the stomach of each little grain, the past that felt so far away came surging back.” \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>Hamilton’s book chronicles how Hmong refugees from all across Fresno arrive at Moua’s field to help pull weeds in floppy hats in searing temperatures. The fields are not just a place for hard labor. They’ve become a gathering ground for the Hmong community in Fresno. In turn, the harvest season is not just about hand-picking the crop. It’s a time for storytelling, socializing and singing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964960\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11964960\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"A hand stirs a large wok filled with grain.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/06540004-Roasting-rice-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Man roasting rice in farm shed. The woks rest on a handmade clay hearth, and the fire is lit underneath. Fresno. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“The rice field, it’s this little postage stamp within Fresno that brings people back again and again,” Hamilton said. “Sometimes, Ia will be there working and she will hear singing. Singing is a way of sort of unburdening themselves, bringing their troubles outside of themselves. And the rice acts as a sort of listener.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cem>People start to appear. On Sunday afternoons especially, there are caravans of minivans and SUVs. People pile out the doors, and right there in the driveway they change their clothes, trading ordinary city outfits for the elaborate puzzle of pleated skirts and fitted jackets and long sashes that their Hmong ancestors once wore every day. Posing with the rice, they click off scores of photos. The best among them sing to the rice while the rest film videos with their phones. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003ch2>Struggling to preserve a tiny family-run farm\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The future of small-scale farms is threatened on all sides by industrial-scale Ag giants, and by climate change, which is making summers hotter and winters drier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11964964\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-11964964 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg\" alt=\"Old clothes are hung on a cross to make a scarecrow in a field.\" width=\"800\" height=\"812\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-800x812.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1020x1036.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-160x162.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1513x1536.jpg 1513w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED-1920x1949.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/10/13760007-Scarecrow-KQED.jpg 1970w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scarecrow with rice plants. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Lisa M. Hamilton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Moua’s children have sought employment indoors at Walmart or the Gap. Moua’s husband worked the graveyard shift at a poultry plant. Yet, amid the struggles, farming their own tiny rice plot provides these refugees a taste of autonomy and a personal sense of fulfillment. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"‘I promised [Ia] … that I would raise the money to have [‘The Hungry Season’] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook. When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.’","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Lisa M. Hamilton, author, The Hungry Season: A Journey of War, Love, and Survival","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Hamilton and interpreter Lor Xiong spent six years shadowing Moua in the rice fields. Hamilton learned to cultivate rice while learning Moua’s life story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t sitting at a table across from Ia with a microphone,” Hamilton explained. “It was really important to me that my work not take away from her work. She would continue working and I would work alongside her. So whether she’s planting rice, or harvesting rice or weeding — I was doing the same thing. Following up, following alongside her, Lor would be with us, holding the recorder and interpreting.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11956315","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/06/gettyimages-1231093862_wide-4195c57f825738c502a8a11e343c9df96ca71caf-1020x574.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Along the way, the three women, author, subject and translator, cultivated a profound friendship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ia and I would be working, and kind of the way you talk to a teenager in the car, so you don’t have to be looking at each other. There is just this sort of ease that comes from just being together,” Hamilton said. “We did this over the course of five years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One challenge, though, is making sure that Moua can read the biography Hamilton wrote. She doesn’t read or write in Hmong or English.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I promised [Ia], and really myself, that I would raise the money to have [\u003cem>The Hungry Season\u003c/em>] translated into Hmong and then record it as an audiobook, which I intend to distribute for free,” Hamilton said. “When Ia can finally listen to this story, then the book will be complete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11964902/unearthing-fresnos-hidden-rice-fields-through-one-womans-journey","authors":["11229"],"programs":["news_72","news_26731"],"categories":["news_29992","news_24114","news_8"],"tags":["news_18538","news_311","news_30976","news_20632","news_19940","news_33364"],"featImg":"news_11964965","label":"source_news_11964902"},"news_11912501":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11912501","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11912501","score":null,"sort":[1651262423000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"how-a-tiny-hmong-market-in-yuba-county-became-everybodys-store","title":"How a Tiny Hmong Market in Yuba County Became 'Everybody's Store'","publishDate":1651262423,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report Magazine | KQED News","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>On the edge of the Yuba County town of Marysville, there’s an Asian market that’s bursting with so many ingredients, the inventory could rival that of similar stores in big cities. Four shelves of coconut milk, four more shelves of hot sauces, a whole corner dedicated to rice, an entire aisle of noodles, green papayas from Mexico, and specialty vegetables and herbs from local Hmong farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called Phooj Ywg Lee’s Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my language it’s called Friendly’s Market,” says Kou Lee with a laugh. “I’m not sure we’re friendly, but we try.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you wind your way through the candy aisle, next to the water-filling station, you’ll find a small, bustling kitchen in the back corner, Lee’s domain. That’s where she prepares an extensive menu of made-to-order dishes and popular to-go plates — deep-fried chicken, spicy Lao sausage, pork ribs paired with sticky rice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a steamed fish, Lao style,” she says, pointing to another dish stuffed with spicy pepper, cilantro, dill, lime leaves, ginger and garlic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Kou Lee, Phooj Ywg Lee's Market\"]'At first it was more like the Hmong population, the Cambodian population — but right now it's become everybody’s store.'[/pullquote]On a recent Thursday, the market’s doorbell and phone seem to be going off constantly. There is a steady stream of in-person and phone customers. Lee says she and her helper, Nana, prepped 60 or 70 takeout items that morning, and by noon, they’d already sold out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a huge pot, Lee makes khaub poob, a chicken curry soup with noodles. She prepped the curry paste the previous night, after customers were gone. “It took almost three hours just to do the paste,” she says. She says slow cooking is what results in all the “red, yummy stuff.” That batch of curry will last her a couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a combination of Thai, Lao and Hmong foods,” says Lee, whose family is from Laos. “We share Laos food. And Laos and Thailand share a border. Lao and Thai are similar, they are almost like family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of what people in the U.S. think of as Thai food originated in Laos, or is cooked by Lao chefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because, I guess, Thai are more — I’m not sure ‘popular’ is the word — they are more well-known [than Lao or Hmong],” Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explains that traditional Hmong food is more home cooking — dishes like pork ribs with mustard greens, and chicken with herbs like mugwort and Okinawa spinach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee’s Market is a family affair. Today, her husband works the front counter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just keeps us both on our feet all day long,” Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few of her 10 grandchildren poke their heads in to say hi, or deliver a phone order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her grandson cries when he sees a reporter holding a microphone in the kitchen. Lee immediately reaches a paddle into one of the 20-cup rice cookers she uses to keep her steamed sticky rice warm. She squeezes a bit into her palm and hands it to him, and he's soothed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A childhood in the shadow of war\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lee says she’s been eating sticky rice all her life. She remembers during her childhood not having anything to accompany it. “Just hot sauce and sticky rice,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because Lee grew up in the middle of a civil war. She was born in Laos in 1967, she says, “in a difficult time. We had to escape from place to place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people of Laos, including Hmong, were deeply divided between communist leaders and those loyal to the royal family. North and South Vietnamese military forces participated in the fighting, too, and Laos became a Cold War battleground between the United States and the Soviet Union. The CIA recruited and trained 30,000 Laotians, mostly Hmong, to fight communists. And in covert missions, the U.S. dropped 2 million tons of cluster bombs on parts of Laos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11618008 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/IMG_4285-1038x576.jpg']Lee’s family moved a lot. She says her dad was in the military, working for the CIA, but she’s hesitant to talk too much about the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to go into that story because I might say something wrong. I was just a little girl! A lot of people out there know a lot more,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She does remember there wasn’t much food — just that sticky rice and hot sauce, “mustard greens soup, regular rice.” She has a sweet tooth, and recalls that the only sweets available were things like sugar cane, papaya and sweet potato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the communists won the war in 1975, Lee’s family, like a full quarter of the country, became refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A new life and business in California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lee says she was 8 or 9 years old when her family went to a refugee camp in Thailand, then to Michigan. In the '80s, she got married, came to California, and started her own family. Her husband’s brothers own stores in Fresno and Sacramento, and so, the couple decided to open Lee’s Market in Marysville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a Hmong population here, and not too many markets,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11912523\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11912523\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The exterior of Phooj Ywg Lee's Market in Marysville. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After the war, refugee resettlement policy was to disperse Hmong people all over the U.S., sometimes in small towns, away from others in their community. But many families later moved closer to each other, to places like Detroit, Merced and Stockton, for support. Hmong neighborhoods grew in agricultural places like the Sacramento Valley, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they first opened, Lee had no intention of serving made-to-order food. She just wanted a little kitchen to prepare some takeout food, like sausage and sticky rice. But word of mouth spread, and Lee expanded her menu and put in some seating for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first it was more like the Hmong population, the Cambodian population, but right now it’s become everybody’s store,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11439095 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/FresnoBBoys-1-1180x760.jpg']Lee says she honors each customer’s made-to-order requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people, they will tell me exactly how they want it. This is not like you make a hamburger, [and] everything is just the same,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When longtime customers like Alexis Heflin and her sister Hailey order the papaya salad, Lee makes much of the dish on the spot, calibrating the spiciness level to suit their taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pounds ingredients in a mortar and pestle, beginning with tomatoes and a sauce made from crab, shrimp paste and anchovy. She adds salt, sugar, garlic, pepper, peanuts and green papaya, which she shredded the night before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been coming here since we were, like, 5,” says Alexis. “And I’m 16 and she’s 20 now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexis has had papaya salad at other places, but she says it doesn’t compare to Lee’s, the one she grew up on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She puts a special touch in it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11912526\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11912526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kou Lee prepares pad thai and khaub poob, a chicken curry with noodles. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bryce Moody calls his regular order the trifecta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You gotta get the beef laab, papaya salad and sticky rice,” he says. “That’s the holy trinity right there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moody has been a loyal customer of Lee’s for more than 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve watched each other’s kids grow up,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says when his sons were really small, they weren’t interested in trying these dishes, so he’d pick up fast food for them before stopping at Lee’s Market, saying, “I’d eat the food here and they’d eat their Happy Meal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bryce says now they’re hooked on Lee’s cooking, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A career she wouldn't have expected\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Lee was a child, she never would have believed that food would be her livelihood. She didn’t really learn to cook until she got married, and got a lot of help from her sister-in-law. And she kept learning, visiting Thailand, making curries with a Thai employee. Lee says that, growing up, she learned some basics from her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re born to be a girl, you need to learn how to cook, no matter what,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she says that, when she was young, she didn’t like it. She preferred to play with her brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t a good girl like how my mom wanted,” she says. She says she was a naughty girl, with an independent streak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with that, Lee is done talking about herself. She brings out an order of khaub poob — the chicken noodle curry — and turns back to the stove, to take care of all the orders coming in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The inventory of Phooj Ywg Lee's Market in Marysville is bursting with so many ingredients, it rivals that of similar stores in big cities — and the made-to-order food has kept regulars coming back for decades.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1651264270,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":47,"wordCount":1629},"headData":{"title":"How a Tiny Hmong Market in Yuba County Became 'Everybody's Store' | KQED","description":"The inventory of Phooj Ywg Lee's Market in Marysville is bursting with so many ingredients, it rivals that of similar stores in big cities — and the made-to-order food has kept regulars coming back for decades.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"How a Tiny Hmong Market in Yuba County Became 'Everybody's Store'","datePublished":"2022-04-29T20:00:23.000Z","dateModified":"2022-04-29T20:31:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11912501 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11912501","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2022/04/29/how-a-tiny-hmong-market-in-yuba-county-became-everybodys-store/","disqusTitle":"How a Tiny Hmong Market in Yuba County Became 'Everybody's Store'","source":"The California Report Magazine","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/californiareportmagazine","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/7095a3f3-2f8f-4adb-8198-ae8600077511/audio.mp3","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","path":"/news/11912501/how-a-tiny-hmong-market-in-yuba-county-became-everybodys-store","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On the edge of the Yuba County town of Marysville, there’s an Asian market that’s bursting with so many ingredients, the inventory could rival that of similar stores in big cities. Four shelves of coconut milk, four more shelves of hot sauces, a whole corner dedicated to rice, an entire aisle of noodles, green papayas from Mexico, and specialty vegetables and herbs from local Hmong farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s called Phooj Ywg Lee’s Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In my language it’s called Friendly’s Market,” says Kou Lee with a laugh. “I’m not sure we’re friendly, but we try.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you wind your way through the candy aisle, next to the water-filling station, you’ll find a small, bustling kitchen in the back corner, Lee’s domain. That’s where she prepares an extensive menu of made-to-order dishes and popular to-go plates — deep-fried chicken, spicy Lao sausage, pork ribs paired with sticky rice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a steamed fish, Lao style,” she says, pointing to another dish stuffed with spicy pepper, cilantro, dill, lime leaves, ginger and garlic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'At first it was more like the Hmong population, the Cambodian population — but right now it's become everybody’s store.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"medium","align":"right","citation":"Kou Lee, Phooj Ywg Lee's Market","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On a recent Thursday, the market’s doorbell and phone seem to be going off constantly. There is a steady stream of in-person and phone customers. Lee says she and her helper, Nana, prepped 60 or 70 takeout items that morning, and by noon, they’d already sold out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a huge pot, Lee makes khaub poob, a chicken curry soup with noodles. She prepped the curry paste the previous night, after customers were gone. “It took almost three hours just to do the paste,” she says. She says slow cooking is what results in all the “red, yummy stuff.” That batch of curry will last her a couple of days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have a combination of Thai, Lao and Hmong foods,” says Lee, whose family is from Laos. “We share Laos food. And Laos and Thailand share a border. Lao and Thai are similar, they are almost like family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lot of what people in the U.S. think of as Thai food originated in Laos, or is cooked by Lao chefs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because, I guess, Thai are more — I’m not sure ‘popular’ is the word — they are more well-known [than Lao or Hmong],” Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She explains that traditional Hmong food is more home cooking — dishes like pork ribs with mustard greens, and chicken with herbs like mugwort and Okinawa spinach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lee’s Market is a family affair. Today, her husband works the front counter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It just keeps us both on our feet all day long,” Lee says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few of her 10 grandchildren poke their heads in to say hi, or deliver a phone order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her grandson cries when he sees a reporter holding a microphone in the kitchen. Lee immediately reaches a paddle into one of the 20-cup rice cookers she uses to keep her steamed sticky rice warm. She squeezes a bit into her palm and hands it to him, and he's soothed.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A childhood in the shadow of war\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lee says she’s been eating sticky rice all her life. She remembers during her childhood not having anything to accompany it. “Just hot sauce and sticky rice,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because Lee grew up in the middle of a civil war. She was born in Laos in 1967, she says, “in a difficult time. We had to escape from place to place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The people of Laos, including Hmong, were deeply divided between communist leaders and those loyal to the royal family. North and South Vietnamese military forces participated in the fighting, too, and Laos became a Cold War battleground between the United States and the Soviet Union. The CIA recruited and trained 30,000 Laotians, mostly Hmong, to fight communists. And in covert missions, the U.S. dropped 2 million tons of cluster bombs on parts of Laos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11618008","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/IMG_4285-1038x576.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Lee’s family moved a lot. She says her dad was in the military, working for the CIA, but she’s hesitant to talk too much about the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t want to go into that story because I might say something wrong. I was just a little girl! A lot of people out there know a lot more,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She does remember there wasn’t much food — just that sticky rice and hot sauce, “mustard greens soup, regular rice.” She has a sweet tooth, and recalls that the only sweets available were things like sugar cane, papaya and sweet potato.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the communists won the war in 1975, Lee’s family, like a full quarter of the country, became refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A new life and business in California\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lee says she was 8 or 9 years old when her family went to a refugee camp in Thailand, then to Michigan. In the '80s, she got married, came to California, and started her own family. Her husband’s brothers own stores in Fresno and Sacramento, and so, the couple decided to open Lee’s Market in Marysville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a Hmong population here, and not too many markets,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11912523\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11912523\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55582_IMG_2012-qut-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The exterior of Phooj Ywg Lee's Market in Marysville. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>After the war, refugee resettlement policy was to disperse Hmong people all over the U.S., sometimes in small towns, away from others in their community. But many families later moved closer to each other, to places like Detroit, Merced and Stockton, for support. Hmong neighborhoods grew in agricultural places like the Sacramento Valley, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When they first opened, Lee had no intention of serving made-to-order food. She just wanted a little kitchen to prepare some takeout food, like sausage and sticky rice. But word of mouth spread, and Lee expanded her menu and put in some seating for customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first it was more like the Hmong population, the Cambodian population, but right now it’s become everybody’s store,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11439095","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/05/FresnoBBoys-1-1180x760.jpg","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Lee says she honors each customer’s made-to-order requests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some people, they will tell me exactly how they want it. This is not like you make a hamburger, [and] everything is just the same,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When longtime customers like Alexis Heflin and her sister Hailey order the papaya salad, Lee makes much of the dish on the spot, calibrating the spiciness level to suit their taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She pounds ingredients in a mortar and pestle, beginning with tomatoes and a sauce made from crab, shrimp paste and anchovy. She adds salt, sugar, garlic, pepper, peanuts and green papaya, which she shredded the night before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been coming here since we were, like, 5,” says Alexis. “And I’m 16 and she’s 20 now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexis has had papaya salad at other places, but she says it doesn’t compare to Lee’s, the one she grew up on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“She puts a special touch in it,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11912526\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11912526\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/RS55583_IMG_8112-qut-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kou Lee prepares pad thai and khaub poob, a chicken curry with noodles. \u003ccite>(Lisa Morehouse/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bryce Moody calls his regular order the trifecta.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You gotta get the beef laab, papaya salad and sticky rice,” he says. “That’s the holy trinity right there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moody has been a loyal customer of Lee’s for more than 15 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve watched each other’s kids grow up,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says when his sons were really small, they weren’t interested in trying these dishes, so he’d pick up fast food for them before stopping at Lee’s Market, saying, “I’d eat the food here and they’d eat their Happy Meal.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bryce says now they’re hooked on Lee’s cooking, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A career she wouldn't have expected\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When Lee was a child, she never would have believed that food would be her livelihood. She didn’t really learn to cook until she got married, and got a lot of help from her sister-in-law. And she kept learning, visiting Thailand, making curries with a Thai employee. Lee says that, growing up, she learned some basics from her mom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you’re born to be a girl, you need to learn how to cook, no matter what,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But she says that, when she was young, she didn’t like it. She preferred to play with her brother.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I wasn’t a good girl like how my mom wanted,” she says. She says she was a naughty girl, with an independent streak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with that, Lee is done talking about herself. She brings out an order of khaub poob — the chicken noodle curry — and turns back to the stove, to take care of all the orders coming in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11912501/how-a-tiny-hmong-market-in-yuba-county-became-everybodys-store","authors":["3229"],"programs":["news_26731"],"categories":["news_24114","news_8"],"tags":["news_17886","news_333","news_20632","news_31014","news_21355"],"featImg":"news_11912514","label":"source_news_11912501"},"news_11793434":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11793434","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11793434","score":null,"sort":[1577833094000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"police-arrest-6-suspected-gang-members-in-killings-of-4-men-at-backyard-party-in-fresno","title":"Police Arrest 6 Suspected Gang Members in Killings of 4 Men at Backyard Party in Fresno","publishDate":1577833094,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Fresno police said Tuesday they have arrested six suspected gang members in the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11787170/police-search-for-suspects-in-fresno-shooting-that-left-4-dead-6-wounded\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> shooting deaths of four men\u003c/a> at a backyard gathering of family and friends that they believed was a rival gang's party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunmen entered the back of a Fresno home through an unlocked gate on Nov. 17, using semiautomatic weapons to open fire on people watching a football game in the backyard. Four people were killed and six were wounded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno Police Chief Andy Hall said at a news conference that the suspects were all self-admitted members of the Mongolian Boys Society gang who were retaliating against a rival gang called the Asian Crips — which the suspects believed was responsible for killing the brother a member of their gang hours earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='small' align='right' citation='Fresno Police Chief Andy Hall']'We know now that this was a retaliatory shooting towards the gang believed responsible for Randy Xiong's death.'[/pullquote]One of the people at the house was a former affiliate of the Asian Crips but was not active in the gang, Hall said, though the Mongolian Boys Society believed it was a gang party. Five people left the party before police arrived and authorities are working on identifying them and whether they had gang ties, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the shooting suspects — Billy Xiong, 25, of Fresno — was arrested on suspicion of mail theft on Dec. 17. Authorities found one of the weapons used in the killing of the four men in his car, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We know now that this was a retaliatory shooting towards the gang believed responsible for Randy Xiong's death,\" Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy and Randy weren't related, and Randy wasn't a gang member, said Fresno police spokesman Mark Hudson. But Randy's brother was a member of the Mongolian Boys Society, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno police served 19 search warrants on Dec. 26, recovering the other gun used in the slayings, which had been stolen from Oklahoma, Hall said. Besides the two guns used in the attack, authorities also recovered about a dozen other weapons and $46,000 in cash believed to be tied to drug activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also arrested in connection with the shooting were Anthony Montes, 27; Jhovanny Delgado, 19; Pao Vang, 19; Porge Kue, 26; and Johnny Xiong, 25. Sia Vang is wanted, police said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall didn't identify the shooters but said all six planned the attack. The six arrested were being held on bail of about $11 million each; it's unclear if they had lawyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the victims were of Hmong descent and the shooting \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11788717/why-did-fresno-police-create-an-asian-gang-task-force-to-solve-a-crime-with-no-clear-connection-to-gangs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rattled the central California city\u003c/a>, home to the second-largest Hmong community in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11787367,news_11788717]Killed were Xy Lee, 23, a popular singer, and Kalaxang Thao, 40, who is survived by two daughters and a pregnant wife, according to a GoFundMe page. Phia Vang, 31, who supported his parents and younger siblings with earnings from his job delivering clinical lab results, was also slain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shooting occurred at the home of the fourth victim, Kou Xiong, 38, a gregarious sushi chef who loved hosting parties. Xiong is survived by his wife and young daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Vang and Xiong were children when they moved to the U.S. from Thailand as part of refugee relocation efforts. The Hmong, an ethnic minority group from East and Southeast Asia, fought on the side of the U.S. in the Vietnam War; after the war, the U.S. moved them to communities in Minnesota, California and Wisconsin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Hmong settled in Fresno and the Central Valley, where sponsors hoped they could find work given their background in agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News' Miranda Leitsinger edited this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"All the victims were of Hmong descent and the shooting rattled the central California city, home to the second-largest Hmong community in the U.S.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1577837750,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":627},"headData":{"title":"Police Arrest 6 Suspected Gang Members in Killings of 4 Men at Backyard Party in Fresno | KQED","description":"All the victims were of Hmong descent and the shooting rattled the central California city, home to the second-largest Hmong community in the U.S.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Police Arrest 6 Suspected Gang Members in Killings of 4 Men at Backyard Party in Fresno","datePublished":"2019-12-31T22:58:14.000Z","dateModified":"2020-01-01T00:15:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11793434 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11793434","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/12/31/police-arrest-6-suspected-gang-members-in-killings-of-4-men-at-backyard-party-in-fresno/","disqusTitle":"Police Arrest 6 Suspected Gang Members in Killings of 4 Men at Backyard Party in Fresno","nprByline":"\u003cstrong>Alex Hall, KQED News, and The Associated Press\u003c/strong>","path":"/news/11793434/police-arrest-6-suspected-gang-members-in-killings-of-4-men-at-backyard-party-in-fresno","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fresno police said Tuesday they have arrested six suspected gang members in the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11787170/police-search-for-suspects-in-fresno-shooting-that-left-4-dead-6-wounded\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> shooting deaths of four men\u003c/a> at a backyard gathering of family and friends that they believed was a rival gang's party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunmen entered the back of a Fresno home through an unlocked gate on Nov. 17, using semiautomatic weapons to open fire on people watching a football game in the backyard. Four people were killed and six were wounded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno Police Chief Andy Hall said at a news conference that the suspects were all self-admitted members of the Mongolian Boys Society gang who were retaliating against a rival gang called the Asian Crips — which the suspects believed was responsible for killing the brother a member of their gang hours earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"'We know now that this was a retaliatory shooting towards the gang believed responsible for Randy Xiong's death.'","name":"pullquote","attributes":{"named":{"size":"small","align":"right","citation":"Fresno Police Chief Andy Hall","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>One of the people at the house was a former affiliate of the Asian Crips but was not active in the gang, Hall said, though the Mongolian Boys Society believed it was a gang party. Five people left the party before police arrived and authorities are working on identifying them and whether they had gang ties, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the shooting suspects — Billy Xiong, 25, of Fresno — was arrested on suspicion of mail theft on Dec. 17. Authorities found one of the weapons used in the killing of the four men in his car, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We know now that this was a retaliatory shooting towards the gang believed responsible for Randy Xiong's death,\" Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billy and Randy weren't related, and Randy wasn't a gang member, said Fresno police spokesman Mark Hudson. But Randy's brother was a member of the Mongolian Boys Society, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno police served 19 search warrants on Dec. 26, recovering the other gun used in the slayings, which had been stolen from Oklahoma, Hall said. Besides the two guns used in the attack, authorities also recovered about a dozen other weapons and $46,000 in cash believed to be tied to drug activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also arrested in connection with the shooting were Anthony Montes, 27; Jhovanny Delgado, 19; Pao Vang, 19; Porge Kue, 26; and Johnny Xiong, 25. Sia Vang is wanted, police said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall didn't identify the shooters but said all six planned the attack. The six arrested were being held on bail of about $11 million each; it's unclear if they had lawyers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All the victims were of Hmong descent and the shooting \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11788717/why-did-fresno-police-create-an-asian-gang-task-force-to-solve-a-crime-with-no-clear-connection-to-gangs\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rattled the central California city\u003c/a>, home to the second-largest Hmong community in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11787367,news_11788717","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Killed were Xy Lee, 23, a popular singer, and Kalaxang Thao, 40, who is survived by two daughters and a pregnant wife, according to a GoFundMe page. Phia Vang, 31, who supported his parents and younger siblings with earnings from his job delivering clinical lab results, was also slain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shooting occurred at the home of the fourth victim, Kou Xiong, 38, a gregarious sushi chef who loved hosting parties. Xiong is survived by his wife and young daughter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Both Vang and Xiong were children when they moved to the U.S. from Thailand as part of refugee relocation efforts. The Hmong, an ethnic minority group from East and Southeast Asia, fought on the side of the U.S. in the Vietnam War; after the war, the U.S. moved them to communities in Minnesota, California and Wisconsin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In California, Hmong settled in Fresno and the Central Valley, where sponsors hoped they could find work given their background in agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED News' Miranda Leitsinger edited this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11793434/police-arrest-6-suspected-gang-members-in-killings-of-4-men-at-backyard-party-in-fresno","authors":["byline_news_11793434"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_19542","news_37","news_20632","news_21721"],"featImg":"news_11793465","label":"news_72"},"news_11787388":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11787388","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11787388","score":null,"sort":[1574197251000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"deadly-attack-leaves-california-hmong-community-in-shock","title":"Deadly Attack Leaves California Hmong Community in Shock","publishDate":1574197251,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>FRESNO — A close-knit Hmong community was in shock after gunmen burst into a Fresno backyard gathering and shot 10 men, killing four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are right now just trying to figure out what to do, what are the next steps. How do we heal, how do we know what's going on,” said Bobby Bliatout, a community leader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday evening’s attack killed Xy Lee, a Hmong singer and musician whose videos on YouTube have been viewed millions of times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VIMnUzOV9Gs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also killed were Phia Vang, 31; Kou Xiong, 38; and Kalaxang Thao, 40, all of Fresno, according to the coroner’s office. Three others remained hospitalized in serious condition, Community Regional Medical Center said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No motive or suspects were identified by police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our community is in mourning, and we still don’t know what’s going on, or who are the suspects,” said Pao Yang, CEO of the Fresno Center, a Hmong community group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hmong are an ethnic group from Southeast Asia. Many fled after fighting alongside the United States during the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11787170\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 300,000 Hmong living in the U.S., according to the 2017 American Community Survey by the U.S. Census. California has the nation’s largest Hmong population and about 25,000 live in Fresno, comprising about 5% of the city’s population of 525,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gunmen targeted a house where about 16 men had gathered outside to watch football on television, police said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two men armed with semi-automatic handguns walked through a side gate and without a word began firing randomly into the crowd before fleeing in the darkness, Police Chief Andrew Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shooters did not speak, and no one reported getting a good look at them. Witnesses saw only flashes when the pistols were fired, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police were investigating whether the shooting was connected to a recent “disturbance” involving some of the people at the party, Hall said. He did not describe the incident other than to say it occurred within the last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women and children inside the house weren’t hit, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chief said at least 60 officers were investigating, along with the FBI, Homeland Security and the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're coming for you,\" the police chief said of the attackers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This investigation is going to take two phases now,\" Chief Hall said. \"The first phase will be the establishment of an Asian gang task force. And this will be headed up by Deputy Chief Pat Farmer and Capt. Dennis Bridges. This will be a combined effort with the Fresno Police Department, its multi-gang task force as well as Southeast Asian officers from our department who are connected in the community, and our federal and state assets. The second phase of this operation will consist of healing the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall's announcement regarding launching an \"Asian gang task force\" came without any clear connections to Sunday's shooting. Police have found no gang connections to any of the victims, and have yet to provide any details suggesting the shooting was gang-related.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don’t know as of now whether this was gang-related or motivated. We don’t. We do know we’ve had other gang-related or motivated shootings recently, that we have evidence to believe were involving Asian gang members,\" said Sgt. Adrian Alvarez, whose unit is part of the task force. \"This being an Asian family that was targeted, we’re trying to piece those pieces together and determine whether this was gang-related or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mass shooting in a quiet, working-class neighborhood erupted in the midst of a low-key family event, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is truly a good group of people who were simply having a party,” the chief said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's very devastating, very,” said Paula Yang, a friend of the homeowner, whose brother, Kou Xiong, died in the attack. “We don't know what to say to people, but we hope that the legal system will find justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the shooting has many in the community fearful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even right now, families are gathering inside saying, what can we do to protect our home from this day forward?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the third multiple shooting in four days in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, a 16-year-old boy armed with a handgun killed two students and wounded three others at his high school in the Los Angeles suburb of Santa Clarita before killing himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, a San Diego man in the midst of a divorce shot and killed his wife and three of their sons before killing himself. A fourth son was on life support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been eight mass killings in California so far this year, claiming the lives of 33 people, according to a database compiled by The Associated Press, USA Today and Northeastern University. That’s a dramatic increase from previous years, with eight mass killings in the state for all of 2016-2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase mirrors the national trend in 2019. There have been 39 mass killings this year in the United States, compared with 25 in 2018, according to the database, which tracks homicides where four or more people are killed, not including the offender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting by Terence Chea and Olga R. Rodriguez of The Associated Press, and KQED's Alex Hall.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A close-knit Hmong community was in shock after gunmen burst into a Fresno backyard gathering and shot 10 men, killing four on Sunday.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1574213631,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":32,"wordCount":942},"headData":{"title":"Deadly Attack Leaves California Hmong Community in Shock | KQED","description":"A close-knit Hmong community was in shock after gunmen burst into a Fresno backyard gathering and shot 10 men, killing four on Sunday.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Deadly Attack Leaves California Hmong Community in Shock","datePublished":"2019-11-19T21:00:51.000Z","dateModified":"2019-11-20T01:33:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11787388 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11787388","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2019/11/19/deadly-attack-leaves-california-hmong-community-in-shock/","disqusTitle":"Deadly Attack Leaves California Hmong Community in Shock","path":"/news/11787388/deadly-attack-leaves-california-hmong-community-in-shock","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>FRESNO — A close-knit Hmong community was in shock after gunmen burst into a Fresno backyard gathering and shot 10 men, killing four.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are right now just trying to figure out what to do, what are the next steps. How do we heal, how do we know what's going on,” said Bobby Bliatout, a community leader.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sunday evening’s attack killed Xy Lee, a Hmong singer and musician whose videos on YouTube have been viewed millions of times.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/VIMnUzOV9Gs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/VIMnUzOV9Gs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Also killed were Phia Vang, 31; Kou Xiong, 38; and Kalaxang Thao, 40, all of Fresno, according to the coroner’s office. Three others remained hospitalized in serious condition, Community Regional Medical Center said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No motive or suspects were identified by police.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our community is in mourning, and we still don’t know what’s going on, or who are the suspects,” said Pao Yang, CEO of the Fresno Center, a Hmong community group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hmong are an ethnic group from Southeast Asia. Many fled after fighting alongside the United States during the Vietnam War.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11787170","label":"Related Coverage "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are about 300,000 Hmong living in the U.S., according to the 2017 American Community Survey by the U.S. Census. California has the nation’s largest Hmong population and about 25,000 live in Fresno, comprising about 5% of the city’s population of 525,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The gunmen targeted a house where about 16 men had gathered outside to watch football on television, police said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least two men armed with semi-automatic handguns walked through a side gate and without a word began firing randomly into the crowd before fleeing in the darkness, Police Chief Andrew Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shooters did not speak, and no one reported getting a good look at them. Witnesses saw only flashes when the pistols were fired, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Police were investigating whether the shooting was connected to a recent “disturbance” involving some of the people at the party, Hall said. He did not describe the incident other than to say it occurred within the last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Women and children inside the house weren’t hit, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chief said at least 60 officers were investigating, along with the FBI, Homeland Security and the federal Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're coming for you,\" the police chief said of the attackers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This investigation is going to take two phases now,\" Chief Hall said. \"The first phase will be the establishment of an Asian gang task force. And this will be headed up by Deputy Chief Pat Farmer and Capt. Dennis Bridges. This will be a combined effort with the Fresno Police Department, its multi-gang task force as well as Southeast Asian officers from our department who are connected in the community, and our federal and state assets. The second phase of this operation will consist of healing the community.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hall's announcement regarding launching an \"Asian gang task force\" came without any clear connections to Sunday's shooting. Police have found no gang connections to any of the victims, and have yet to provide any details suggesting the shooting was gang-related.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We don’t know as of now whether this was gang-related or motivated. We don’t. We do know we’ve had other gang-related or motivated shootings recently, that we have evidence to believe were involving Asian gang members,\" said Sgt. Adrian Alvarez, whose unit is part of the task force. \"This being an Asian family that was targeted, we’re trying to piece those pieces together and determine whether this was gang-related or not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The mass shooting in a quiet, working-class neighborhood erupted in the midst of a low-key family event, Hall said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is truly a good group of people who were simply having a party,” the chief said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It's very devastating, very,” said Paula Yang, a friend of the homeowner, whose brother, Kou Xiong, died in the attack. “We don't know what to say to people, but we hope that the legal system will find justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the shooting has many in the community fearful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even right now, families are gathering inside saying, what can we do to protect our home from this day forward?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was the third multiple shooting in four days in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last Thursday, a 16-year-old boy armed with a handgun killed two students and wounded three others at his high school in the Los Angeles suburb of Santa Clarita before killing himself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, a San Diego man in the midst of a divorce shot and killed his wife and three of their sons before killing himself. A fourth son was on life support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been eight mass killings in California so far this year, claiming the lives of 33 people, according to a database compiled by The Associated Press, USA Today and Northeastern University. That’s a dramatic increase from previous years, with eight mass killings in the state for all of 2016-2018.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The increase mirrors the national trend in 2019. There have been 39 mass killings this year in the United States, compared with 25 in 2018, according to the database, which tracks homicides where four or more people are killed, not including the offender.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting by Terence Chea and Olga R. Rodriguez of The Associated Press, and KQED's Alex Hall.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11787388/deadly-attack-leaves-california-hmong-community-in-shock","authors":["237"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_6188","news_8"],"tags":["news_37","news_20632","news_21721"],"featImg":"news_11787394","label":"news_72"},"news_11644126":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11644126","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11644126","score":null,"sort":[1517001508000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"small-farmers-in-fresno-hope-for-big-moringa-payoff","title":"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff","publishDate":1517001508,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Kaying Moua’s farm sits at the end of a road east of Fresno. Winter mornings are chilly here, and the infamous Central Valley fog often settles near the ground early in the morning before burning off as the day heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaying and her husband moved to this 40-acre plot a few years ago, after retiring from Long Beach. They wanted to be closer to their Hmong family and to the outdoors. With more space and free time, Kaying has become an entrepreneur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across her land she has planted moringa, a tree native to India but also found in many other tropical places. Kaying and her son, Sam, have set out to prove that the Central Valley, even with its sometimes freezing winter temperatures, can be a good place to grow moringa. It’s a mother-son project that could have a big payoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/01/SchwartzMoringa.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Kaying-and-Sam-in-greenhouse-1180x662.jpg\" Title=\"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moringa is a special tree -- it’s fast-growing, drought resistant, doesn’t have special soil needs and is extremely nutritious. Parts of it are often eaten in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/meet-the-moringa-tree-an-overqualified-underachieving-superfood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">under-developed countries as a nutritional supplement\u003c/a> because it’s high in protein, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and zinc. Recently, the Western health food industry has discovered it, and some are even \u003ca href=\"https://www.vogue.com/article/moringa-new-superfood-to-know\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calling it a new “superfood.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fresh leaves taste a little like arugula and mix easily with other flavors, while the pod and seed taste stronger. When it's ground into a fine powder, good-quality moringa is a brilliant green color and smells a bit like wheatgrass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to pioneer something that’s never been done before,” said Sam Moua. He and his mother have spent years crossbreeding different moringa varietals to find something that can withstand the cold. They’ve also started growing moringa in 18-foot-tall tunnel houses during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644129\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Moringa seeds grow inside pods that grow two to three feet long. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Moringa seeds grow inside pods that can reach 2 to 3 feet. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock. \u003ccite>(Lorena Ramos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re trying to find ways to keep their moringa alive through the winter so they can get a jump-start on the growing season when the weather heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They specialize in moringa because they believe there’s a future in it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that moringa will make a different impact on the nutritious things we can provide local retail stores,” Sam said. The Moua family doesn't use fertilizer or pesticides on their trees, mostly because moringa doesn’t need it. “We’re trying to get back to natural living,” Sam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644131\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Kaying, moringa started as a fun project and became a personal passion. When she moved to the Central Valley from Southern California, where she did electronics assembly, she felt sick all the time. “I didn’t fit this weather at all,” she said. “So I just catch cold and runny nose and allergies all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started eating three moringa seeds every night and says she hasn’t been sick since. And she has found all kinds of creative ways to cook with fresh moringa, using the leaves in salad, the young pods in chicken soup, and frying the white flower in her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mouas, along with other Hmong farmers growing moringa, have been working with farm advisers at Fresno County’s \u003ca href=\"http://smallfarmsfresno.ucanr.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Cooperative Extension\u003c/a> to learn how to dry, powder and store their moringa so they can expand into new markets. Most farmers sell it fresh, but most of the health food craze exists around moringa powder, often imported from India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery columns=\"2\" type=\"rectangular\" ids=\"11644133,11644132,11644141,11644142\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are using it for anything from blood sugar management to keeping their cholesterols at a healthy level,” said Monica Wilson, owner of B-Alive Vitamins, a health food store in Fresno. “It’s very high in antioxidants. It’s considered a superfood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson imports the dried and powdered moringa she sells from India, but she’s interested in switching to a local source if she can. “Traceability of our product is really important, so the closer the better,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Extension program is trying to help bridge the gap between small farmers, many who are Hmong, and business owners like Wilson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Value-added products are a great way for a small family farm to increase their income,” said Ruth Dahlquist-Willard, a small-farm adviser with the program. Many farmers are accustomed to only selling fresh produce. They plant a diverse set of crops in a small area and sell a little bit of everything. Producing a product that requires the extra step of drying, grinding and storing is a whole new world for many of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there's a lot of opportunity there,” Dahlquist-Willard said. She’s particularly excited about how a product might bring the younger generation back to their family farms. Kids who have gone off to college for business, marketing or graphic design might see a new kind of future for themselves on the family farm with a product like moringa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure that the resource that we're producing is a great product,” said Sam Moua. In this mother-son project, he’s the financial brains behind the operation. But Kaying is the chief farmer. Together they hope their innovative ways of growing moringa will not only help them access new markets, but also introduce high-quality moringa to the wider world.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Moringa is packed with protein, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and zinc. Some call it the next big superfood.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1517020910,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":true,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":1038},"headData":{"title":"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff | KQED","description":"Moringa is packed with protein, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and zinc. Some call it the next big superfood.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff","datePublished":"2018-01-26T21:18:28.000Z","dateModified":"2018-01-27T02:41:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11644126 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11644126","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/26/small-farmers-in-fresno-hope-for-big-moringa-payoff/","disqusTitle":"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/01/SchwartzMoringa.mp3","path":"/news/11644126/small-farmers-in-fresno-hope-for-big-moringa-payoff","audioDuration":293000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kaying Moua’s farm sits at the end of a road east of Fresno. Winter mornings are chilly here, and the infamous Central Valley fog often settles near the ground early in the morning before burning off as the day heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaying and her husband moved to this 40-acre plot a few years ago, after retiring from Long Beach. They wanted to be closer to their Hmong family and to the outdoors. With more space and free time, Kaying has become an entrepreneur.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across her land she has planted moringa, a tree native to India but also found in many other tropical places. Kaying and her son, Sam, have set out to prove that the Central Valley, even with its sometimes freezing winter temperatures, can be a good place to grow moringa. It’s a mother-son project that could have a big payoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2018/01/SchwartzMoringa.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/Kaying-and-Sam-in-greenhouse-1180x662.jpg","title":"Small Farmers in Fresno Hope for Big Moringa Payoff","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Moringa is a special tree -- it’s fast-growing, drought resistant, doesn’t have special soil needs and is extremely nutritious. Parts of it are often eaten in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newyorker.com/tech/elements/meet-the-moringa-tree-an-overqualified-underachieving-superfood\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">under-developed countries as a nutritional supplement\u003c/a> because it’s high in protein, vitamins A and C, iron, calcium and zinc. Recently, the Western health food industry has discovered it, and some are even \u003ca href=\"https://www.vogue.com/article/moringa-new-superfood-to-know\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">calling it a new “superfood.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fresh leaves taste a little like arugula and mix easily with other flavors, while the pod and seed taste stronger. When it's ground into a fine powder, good-quality moringa is a brilliant green color and smells a bit like wheatgrass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to pioneer something that’s never been done before,” said Sam Moua. He and his mother have spent years crossbreeding different moringa varietals to find something that can withstand the cold. They’ve also started growing moringa in 18-foot-tall tunnel houses during the winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644129\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644129\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Moringa seeds grow inside pods that grow two to three feet long. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-seeds-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Moringa seeds grow inside pods that can reach 2 to 3 feet. Growing mature trees has allowed Kaying to ensure her next crop comes from good stock. \u003ccite>(Lorena Ramos)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>They’re trying to find ways to keep their moringa alive through the winter so they can get a jump-start on the growing season when the weather heats up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They specialize in moringa because they believe there’s a future in it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I believe that moringa will make a different impact on the nutritious things we can provide local retail stores,” Sam said. The Moua family doesn't use fertilizer or pesticides on their trees, mostly because moringa doesn’t need it. “We’re trying to get back to natural living,” Sam said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11644131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11644131\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg\" alt=\"Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring.\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1020x573.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-160x90.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-800x449.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1920x1078.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-1180x662.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-960x539.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-240x135.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-375x211.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/moringa-winter-520x292.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kaying and Sam Moua have planted thousands of moringa trees. In the winter, they cut the trees back and cover them with thick white plastic to keep the roots warm until spring. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Kaying, moringa started as a fun project and became a personal passion. When she moved to the Central Valley from Southern California, where she did electronics assembly, she felt sick all the time. “I didn’t fit this weather at all,” she said. “So I just catch cold and runny nose and allergies all the time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She started eating three moringa seeds every night and says she hasn’t been sick since. And she has found all kinds of creative ways to cook with fresh moringa, using the leaves in salad, the young pods in chicken soup, and frying the white flower in her eggs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mouas, along with other Hmong farmers growing moringa, have been working with farm advisers at Fresno County’s \u003ca href=\"http://smallfarmsfresno.ucanr.edu/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Cooperative Extension\u003c/a> to learn how to dry, powder and store their moringa so they can expand into new markets. Most farmers sell it fresh, but most of the health food craze exists around moringa powder, often imported from India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"gallery","attributes":{"named":{"columns":"2","type":"rectangular","ids":"11644133,11644132,11644141,11644142","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People are using it for anything from blood sugar management to keeping their cholesterols at a healthy level,” said Monica Wilson, owner of B-Alive Vitamins, a health food store in Fresno. “It’s very high in antioxidants. It’s considered a superfood.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wilson imports the dried and powdered moringa she sells from India, but she’s interested in switching to a local source if she can. “Traceability of our product is really important, so the closer the better,” Wilson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Extension program is trying to help bridge the gap between small farmers, many who are Hmong, and business owners like Wilson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Value-added products are a great way for a small family farm to increase their income,” said Ruth Dahlquist-Willard, a small-farm adviser with the program. Many farmers are accustomed to only selling fresh produce. They plant a diverse set of crops in a small area and sell a little bit of everything. Producing a product that requires the extra step of drying, grinding and storing is a whole new world for many of them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there's a lot of opportunity there,” Dahlquist-Willard said. She’s particularly excited about how a product might bring the younger generation back to their family farms. Kids who have gone off to college for business, marketing or graphic design might see a new kind of future for themselves on the family farm with a product like moringa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to make sure that the resource that we're producing is a great product,” said Sam Moua. In this mother-son project, he’s the financial brains behind the operation. But Kaying is the chief farmer. Together they hope their innovative ways of growing moringa will not only help them access new markets, but also introduce high-quality moringa to the wider world.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11644126/small-farmers-in-fresno-hope-for-big-moringa-payoff","authors":["234"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_1758","news_19906","news_8"],"tags":["news_4092","news_333","news_37","news_20632","news_17286"],"featImg":"news_11644128","label":"news_72"},"news_11640898":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11640898","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11640898","score":null,"sort":[1515541243000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"hmong-veterans-ask-congress-for-right-to-burial-in-national-cemeteries","title":"Hmong Veterans Ask Congress for Right to Burial in National Cemeteries","publishDate":1515541243,"format":"audio","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>The Hmong people fought alongside American soldiers against Communist forces during the Vietnam War. When the U.S. pulled out of the region, their Hmong allies were left to fend for themselves. Knowing that staying in Laos meant their deaths, many fled across the Mekong River into Thailand before immigrating to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never dreamt that I would be here in the United States,” said Cheruchia Vang, a Hmong veteran. “It suddenly happened. United States pulls out its troops from Asia and then we have no choice. We never thought that we should be here and my children would not be born here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang served as a paymaster during the war, traveling to the front lines to pay soldiers. One of his worst memories, and a frequent nightmare, is the day he was captured by North Vietnamese forces. He was able to escape, but the experiences are always with him. Vang said he and other Laotian veterans deserve to be honored for their service during the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We contributed. We sacrificed our life on behalf of the United States soldier,” Vang said. \"So they should treat us the same way as they treat American soldier here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11641114\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11641114\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Peter Vang, Mao Vang, Mouying Her and Cheruchia Vang (L-R) are calling on Congress to honor Hmong veterans with the right to be buried in national cemeteries.\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-1020x651.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-1180x753.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-960x613.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-375x239.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peter Vang, Mao Vang, Mouying Her and Cheruchia Vang (L-R) are calling on Congress to honor Hmong veterans with the right to be buried in national cemeteries. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vang is one of the thousands of Hmong veterans asking Congress to pass a bill introduced by Central Valley congressman Jim Costa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4716?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22H.R.+4716%22%5D%7D&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hmong Veterans’ Service Recognition Act\u003c/a> would give Hmong veterans the right to be buried in national cemeteries. Along with that benefit would come some assistance with burial costs and grave maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The financial burden for anyone preparing for a funeral is a big deal,” said another Hmong veteran, Mao Vang, through an interpreter. (Vang is a common name in the Hmong community, but none of the Vangs in this story are related by blood.) “Those who are elder, it’s a big burden to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Costa has introduced similar measures four other times, but this time the legislation has bipartisan support in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"U1cR0riHWTeohZRrwF7Gdw3gCm96gdtd\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hmong veterans in Fresno say they lost their friends, family and homeland. Their numbers are dwindling as veterans die from old age and war wounds. Those who survive desperately want to be recognized for their service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t know how hard it is,” said Peter Vang, executive director of Lao Veterans of America. “You came here. You don’t speak the language. You don’t know the culture. You suffer every day, not to mention all the war trauma you went through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Vang is not a veteran himself, but he immigrated to the U.S. at 15 with his father, who was a veteran. At \u003ca href=\"http://www.laoveterans.org/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lao Veterans of America\u003c/a>, he advocates on behalf of veterans and helps connect them to services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He still remembers life during the war, when he never knew if his father would walk in the door, alive and well, or if he’d come home in a body bag. Now his father is aging and doesn’t want to die before he knows he’ll be honored in the same way as his American brothers.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Thousands of Hmong veterans of the Vietnam War are calling on Congress to recognize their service with burial benefits.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1515545279,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":573},"headData":{"title":"Hmong Veterans Ask Congress for Right to Burial in National Cemeteries | KQED","description":"Thousands of Hmong veterans of the Vietnam War are calling on Congress to recognize their service with burial benefits.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Hmong Veterans Ask Congress for Right to Burial in National Cemeteries","datePublished":"2018-01-09T23:40:43.000Z","dateModified":"2018-01-10T00:47:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11640898 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11640898","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/09/hmong-veterans-ask-congress-for-right-to-burial-in-national-cemeteries/","disqusTitle":"Hmong Veterans Ask Congress for Right to Burial in National Cemeteries","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/01/HmongVetsSchwartz180108.mp3","path":"/news/11640898/hmong-veterans-ask-congress-for-right-to-burial-in-national-cemeteries","audioDuration":87000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Hmong people fought alongside American soldiers against Communist forces during the Vietnam War. When the U.S. pulled out of the region, their Hmong allies were left to fend for themselves. Knowing that staying in Laos meant their deaths, many fled across the Mekong River into Thailand before immigrating to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never dreamt that I would be here in the United States,” said Cheruchia Vang, a Hmong veteran. “It suddenly happened. United States pulls out its troops from Asia and then we have no choice. We never thought that we should be here and my children would not be born here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang served as a paymaster during the war, traveling to the front lines to pay soldiers. One of his worst memories, and a frequent nightmare, is the day he was captured by North Vietnamese forces. He was able to escape, but the experiences are always with him. Vang said he and other Laotian veterans deserve to be honored for their service during the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We contributed. We sacrificed our life on behalf of the United States soldier,” Vang said. \"So they should treat us the same way as they treat American soldier here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11641114\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11641114\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"Peter Vang, Mao Vang, Mouying Her and Cheruchia Vang (L-R) are calling on Congress to honor Hmong veterans with the right to be buried in national cemeteries.\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-800x510.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-1020x651.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-1180x753.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-960x613.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-240x153.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-375x239.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/HmongVets-520x332.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Peter Vang, Mao Vang, Mouying Her and Cheruchia Vang (L-R) are calling on Congress to honor Hmong veterans with the right to be buried in national cemeteries. \u003ccite>(Katrina Schwartz/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vang is one of the thousands of Hmong veterans asking Congress to pass a bill introduced by Central Valley congressman Jim Costa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/115th-congress/house-bill/4716?q=%7B%22search%22%3A%5B%22H.R.+4716%22%5D%7D&r=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Hmong Veterans’ Service Recognition Act\u003c/a> would give Hmong veterans the right to be buried in national cemeteries. Along with that benefit would come some assistance with burial costs and grave maintenance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The financial burden for anyone preparing for a funeral is a big deal,” said another Hmong veteran, Mao Vang, through an interpreter. (Vang is a common name in the Hmong community, but none of the Vangs in this story are related by blood.) “Those who are elder, it’s a big burden to them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Costa has introduced similar measures four other times, but this time the legislation has bipartisan support in both the House of Representatives and the Senate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hmong veterans in Fresno say they lost their friends, family and homeland. Their numbers are dwindling as veterans die from old age and war wounds. Those who survive desperately want to be recognized for their service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t know how hard it is,” said Peter Vang, executive director of Lao Veterans of America. “You came here. You don’t speak the language. You don’t know the culture. You suffer every day, not to mention all the war trauma you went through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peter Vang is not a veteran himself, but he immigrated to the U.S. at 15 with his father, who was a veteran. At \u003ca href=\"http://www.laoveterans.org/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lao Veterans of America\u003c/a>, he advocates on behalf of veterans and helps connect them to services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He still remembers life during the war, when he never knew if his father would walk in the door, alive and well, or if he’d come home in a body bag. Now his father is aging and doesn’t want to die before he knows he’ll be honored in the same way as his American brothers.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11640898/hmong-veterans-ask-congress-for-right-to-burial-in-national-cemeteries","authors":["234"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_37","news_20632","news_19940","news_17286","news_237","news_5067"],"featImg":"news_11641081","label":"news_72"},"news_11640071":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11640071","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11640071","score":null,"sort":[1515105260000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"central-valley-punjabi-and-hmong-communities-excited-by-new-ballot-rules","title":"Central Valley Punjabi and Hmong Communities Excited by New Ballot Rules","publishDate":1515105260,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>Californians who speak Punjabi, Hmong, Syriac, Armenian, Persian and Arabic will now have the option of requesting a facsimile ballot in their language when they go to vote. A facsimile ballot is a laminated copy that voters can refer to as they fill out an English ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ccrov/pdf/2017/december/17148sr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The change\u003c/a> is the result of new, more detailed data that California Secretary of State Alex Padilla requested from the U.S. Census Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state law, if there are precincts where more than 3 percent of voting-age adults speak a minority language, the secretary of state can require facsimile ballots in those languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Punjabi is the most unknown language in the state.' \u003ccite>Deep Singh, executive director, Jakara Movement\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Punjabi Sikh and Hmong communities in the Central Valley are delighted with the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have over 40,000 Hmong people that live here,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnocenter.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fresno Center for New Americans\u003c/a> Executive Director Pao Yang. “So to us, it’s a big win. It’s an acknowledgment that we exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yang says Hmong people have always found ways to vote, asking their children for help, but they’ve also had questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“'Does our vote count because they don’t have it in our language? Does it matter?' So now to have a ballot in Hmong, it solidifies what we’ve been saying and what we’ve been educating them on about their voices, and why they should vote, and how important it is for them to vote,\" Yang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Punjabi, the native language of many in the Sikh community, is another new language available this year. Punjabi used to be lumped into a category with “other Indic languages,” making it hard for advocates to point out geographic regions where Punjabi speakers meet the state’s threshold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Punjabi is the most unknown language in the state,” said Deep Singh, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.jakara.org/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jakara Movement\u003c/a>, a Sikh community organization. “I think one of the reasons is because most of the communities live in Central California. So I think it was just off the radar because these are more rural counties.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh says many Punjabi speakers came from agricultural backgrounds in India and found it natural to settle in rural areas where farming is prevalent. Now, many Sikhs work in the transportation industry, trucking goods up and down the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Punjabi Sikhs tend to be almost political beasts in their nature,” Singh said. \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/post/punjabi-californians-say-voting-materials-needed-their-own-language?nopop=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">They want to vote\u003c/a>, but often have lower rates of English proficiency compared with other Asian-American communities. That made it hard for them to access the ballot before this change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While both Singh and Yang agree the new announcement is a step in the right direction, their organizations will now be working diligently to educate their communities about the new rules and ensure that precincts comply.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Voting for speakers of six minority languages just got a little bit easier in California.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1515441367,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":484},"headData":{"title":"Central Valley Punjabi and Hmong Communities Excited by New Ballot Rules | KQED","description":"Voting for speakers of six minority languages just got a little bit easier in California.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Central Valley Punjabi and Hmong Communities Excited by New Ballot Rules","datePublished":"2018-01-04T22:34:20.000Z","dateModified":"2018-01-08T19:56:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11640071 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11640071","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2018/01/04/central-valley-punjabi-and-hmong-communities-excited-by-new-ballot-rules/","disqusTitle":"Central Valley Punjabi and Hmong Communities Excited by New Ballot Rules","path":"/news/11640071/central-valley-punjabi-and-hmong-communities-excited-by-new-ballot-rules","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcr/2018/01/HmongVetsSchwartz180108.mp3","audioDuration":87000,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Californians who speak Punjabi, Hmong, Syriac, Armenian, Persian and Arabic will now have the option of requesting a facsimile ballot in their language when they go to vote. A facsimile ballot is a laminated copy that voters can refer to as they fill out an English ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://elections.cdn.sos.ca.gov/ccrov/pdf/2017/december/17148sr.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">The change\u003c/a> is the result of new, more detailed data that California Secretary of State Alex Padilla requested from the U.S. Census Bureau.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under state law, if there are precincts where more than 3 percent of voting-age adults speak a minority language, the secretary of state can require facsimile ballots in those languages.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'Punjabi is the most unknown language in the state.' \u003ccite>Deep Singh, executive director, Jakara Movement\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Punjabi Sikh and Hmong communities in the Central Valley are delighted with the change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have over 40,000 Hmong people that live here,” said \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnocenter.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fresno Center for New Americans\u003c/a> Executive Director Pao Yang. “So to us, it’s a big win. It’s an acknowledgment that we exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yang says Hmong people have always found ways to vote, asking their children for help, but they’ve also had questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“'Does our vote count because they don’t have it in our language? Does it matter?' So now to have a ballot in Hmong, it solidifies what we’ve been saying and what we’ve been educating them on about their voices, and why they should vote, and how important it is for them to vote,\" Yang says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Punjabi, the native language of many in the Sikh community, is another new language available this year. Punjabi used to be lumped into a category with “other Indic languages,” making it hard for advocates to point out geographic regions where Punjabi speakers meet the state’s threshold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Punjabi is the most unknown language in the state,” said Deep Singh, executive director of \u003ca href=\"http://www.jakara.org/about\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jakara Movement\u003c/a>, a Sikh community organization. “I think one of the reasons is because most of the communities live in Central California. So I think it was just off the radar because these are more rural counties.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh says many Punjabi speakers came from agricultural backgrounds in India and found it natural to settle in rural areas where farming is prevalent. Now, many Sikhs work in the transportation industry, trucking goods up and down the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Punjabi Sikhs tend to be almost political beasts in their nature,” Singh said. \u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/post/punjabi-californians-say-voting-materials-needed-their-own-language?nopop=1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">They want to vote\u003c/a>, but often have lower rates of English proficiency compared with other Asian-American communities. That made it hard for them to access the ballot before this change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While both Singh and Yang agree the new announcement is a step in the right direction, their organizations will now be working diligently to educate their communities about the new rules and ensure that precincts comply.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11640071/central-valley-punjabi-and-hmong-communities-excited-by-new-ballot-rules","authors":["234"],"programs":["news_72"],"categories":["news_8","news_13"],"tags":["news_311","news_20632","news_22286","news_17286","news_2027"],"featImg":"news_11640076","label":"news_72"},"news_11618008":{"type":"posts","id":"news_11618008","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"news","id":"11618008","score":null,"sort":[1507136631000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"years-after-tragedy-fresnos-hmong-seek-cultural-understanding-for-next-generation","title":"Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation","publishDate":1507136631,"format":"image","headTitle":"The California Report | KQED News","labelTerm":{"term":72,"site":"news"},"content":"\u003cp>At 15, Sarah Vang is a confident leader. With her big, persistent smile, she runs her high school Hmong Club meeting with ease, spreading enthusiasm even to the most reluctant participants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She founded the club last year as a sophomore. And as president, she takes it upon herself to look out for new Hmong students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of Hmong freshman,” she says, “and I just want to tell them, 'Join the Hmong Club! I’m so happy you’re Hmong!' I feel like I’m the mother of all Hmong people. I love my community so much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that love came only after years of wrestling with her identity. Sarah didn’t speak much Hmong growing up, and she didn’t really talk with her parents about their life in Laos or why they came to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/10/tcrmag20171006Hmong.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-1180x885.jpg\" Title=\"Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In elementary school, kids tormented her with racist taunts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made me want to diminish all Asian or Hmong aspects of me,” she says. “I did not want to associate with any Hmong people. I really hated Hmong people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She felt that way for years. Then eventually, as a teen, she started wanting to know more about her culture. Around the same time, her high school introduced its first Hmong language and history class, and Sarah enrolled. Now every high school in the Fresno Unified School District offers these classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day her teacher showed the class a documentary about the Hmong in Fresno. It included a tragic episode in the community's history -- the suicides of eight teenagers between 1998 and 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'These kids didn't have an identity. They don't know who they are, where they came from, why their parents were involved in the war.'\u003ccite>Peter Vang, Hmong survivor of the Vietnam War\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Once I saw my brother’s face, I started crying,” Sarah says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah’s brother was one of those teenagers. He died before she was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My teacher didn’t know that that was my brother, or that the person they were interviewing was my dad,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After her brother’s death, Sarah’s dad, Peter Vang, talked to the families and friends of the other teens who had killed themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I cannot save my son anymore because he’s gone,” Vang says, “but I want to make sure other parents save their kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang learned the kids all had distinct troubles, but he found a common theme: “These kids didn’t have an identity,” he says. “They don’t know who they are, where they came from, why their parents were involved in the war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620673\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11620673\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Teacher Thae Xiong reads students a book in Hmong.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Thae Xiong reads students a book in Hmong. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vang says that for kids to have a better sense of their identity, they need to learn about that war -- the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/28/opinion/heirs-of-the-secret-war-in-laos.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">secret war\u003c/a> in which the CIA recruited Hmong fighters to help stop the spread of communism in Laos during the Vietnam War. At least 30,000 Hmong died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the war, many Hmong ended up in the Central Valley, home to the second-largest Hmong community in the United States. Vang says that when his son was in school, this story wasn’t told.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing in history books,” he says. \"So schools, when they talked about Vietnam War, the Hmong did not exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Vang and others in the community successfully advocated for California legislation that encouraged schools to teach students about the role of the Hmong in the Vietnam War. And they began pushing for Hmong language and history classes at Fresno schools, like the one Vang’s daughter, Sarah, took for the first time last year. In that class, the secret war got a lot of attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first we were like, 'Why are we learning about this?' We didn’t understand,” Sarah says. “But once we got into depth about it, we realized Hmong people went through a lot of hardships trying to get here. That’s when I started to ask my dad, ‘So tell me a little about the war.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"G1xagEdRDJkUC617msXn4Mg8RjTmi9W1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang grew up in the war. As a 4-year-old, he remembers the screeching sound of rockets flying through the air, the sight of body parts strewn across the ground, and the stacks of body bags. At one point, his house was destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought my parents were dead,” he says. “I realized they were still alive after all the smoke cleared.” Vang’s father fought with the CIA and was injured more than once. He lost multiple fingers to a grenade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hearing these stories had a big impact on Sarah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really hit home. It made me appreciate everything the elders did,” she says. “Because of them we are here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than a decade, the work of Peter Vang and other community members is paying off: This year Sarah’s school offered a more advanced Hmong class for the first time, and last year \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnostate.edu/catalog/subjects/linguistics/hmong-mn.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fresno State University introduced a minor in Hmong\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno Unified has something else in the works, too. It’s testing out a dual immersion class for kindergartners so that kids like 6-year-old Logan can learn Hmong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know how to read English,” he says, while looking through a children’s book written in Hmong. “I don’t know how to read Hmong. It’s hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11618123\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11618123 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doua Vu works with students Isaac and Cassidy in Fresno Unified School District's Hmong-English dual-immersion pilot class. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Misty Her oversees the new dual-language program. She says the biggest challenge is developing the curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really nothing, nothing out there for us,\" she says in terms of models. \"But what’s exciting is we get to build it from the ground up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her says there are very few Hmong dual-immersion programs, and there aren't a lot of Hmong written texts out there to work with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our written language only happened about the last 60, 70 years,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids are just a couple of weeks into the after-school class, but Fresno Unified is already planning to offer regular Hmong dual immersion at elementary schools as early as next year. It will be the first in Fresno, and one of\u003ca href=\"http://www.scusd.edu/program/susan-b-anthony-hmong-dual-language-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> just a couple in California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hmong who fled their homeland since the Vietnam War hope this generation -- and those to come -- will walk through the world with confidence. They hope that by knowing their language, their history and exactly where they came from, younger Hmong can decide who they want to be.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Almost two decades ago a spate of teen suicides shook Fresno's Hmong community. Something had to change.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1508291272,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":35,"wordCount":1227},"headData":{"title":"Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation | KQED","description":"Almost two decades ago a spate of teen suicides shook Fresno's Hmong community. Something had to change.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"NewsArticle","headline":"Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation","datePublished":"2017-10-04T17:03:51.000Z","dateModified":"2017-10-18T01:47:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","isAccessibleForFree":"Y","publisher":{"@type":"NewsMediaOrganization","@id":"https://www.kqed.org/#organization","name":"KQED","url":"https://www.kqed.org","logo":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}}},"disqusIdentifier":"11618008 https://ww2.kqed.org/news/?p=11618008","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/10/04/years-after-tragedy-fresnos-hmong-seek-cultural-understanding-for-next-generation/","disqusTitle":"Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation","path":"/news/11618008/years-after-tragedy-fresnos-hmong-seek-cultural-understanding-for-next-generation","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>At 15, Sarah Vang is a confident leader. With her big, persistent smile, she runs her high school Hmong Club meeting with ease, spreading enthusiasm even to the most reluctant participants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She founded the club last year as a sophomore. And as president, she takes it upon herself to look out for new Hmong students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of Hmong freshman,” she says, “and I just want to tell them, 'Join the Hmong Club! I’m so happy you’re Hmong!' I feel like I’m the mother of all Hmong people. I love my community so much.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that love came only after years of wrestling with her identity. Sarah didn’t speak much Hmong growing up, and she didn’t really talk with her parents about their life in Laos or why they came to the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/10/tcrmag20171006Hmong.mp3","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-1180x885.jpg","title":"Years After Tragedy, Fresno's Hmong Seek Cultural Understanding for Next Generation","program":"The California Report","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In elementary school, kids tormented her with racist taunts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It made me want to diminish all Asian or Hmong aspects of me,” she says. “I did not want to associate with any Hmong people. I really hated Hmong people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She felt that way for years. Then eventually, as a teen, she started wanting to know more about her culture. Around the same time, her high school introduced its first Hmong language and history class, and Sarah enrolled. Now every high school in the Fresno Unified School District offers these classes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One day her teacher showed the class a documentary about the Hmong in Fresno. It included a tragic episode in the community's history -- the suicides of eight teenagers between 1998 and 2001.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">'These kids didn't have an identity. They don't know who they are, where they came from, why their parents were involved in the war.'\u003ccite>Peter Vang, Hmong survivor of the Vietnam War\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“Once I saw my brother’s face, I started crying,” Sarah says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sarah’s brother was one of those teenagers. He died before she was born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My teacher didn’t know that that was my brother, or that the person they were interviewing was my dad,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After her brother’s death, Sarah’s dad, Peter Vang, talked to the families and friends of the other teens who had killed themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I cannot save my son anymore because he’s gone,” Vang says, “but I want to make sure other parents save their kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang learned the kids all had distinct troubles, but he found a common theme: “These kids didn’t have an identity,” he says. “They don’t know who they are, where they came from, why their parents were involved in the war.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620673\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-large wp-image-11620673\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-1020x765.jpg\" alt=\"Teacher Thae Xiong reads students a book in Hmong.\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27162_RS26637_IMG_42671-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teacher Thae Xiong reads students a book in Hmong. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vang says that for kids to have a better sense of their identity, they need to learn about that war -- the so-called \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/28/opinion/heirs-of-the-secret-war-in-laos.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">secret war\u003c/a> in which the CIA recruited Hmong fighters to help stop the spread of communism in Laos during the Vietnam War. At least 30,000 Hmong died.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the war, many Hmong ended up in the Central Valley, home to the second-largest Hmong community in the United States. Vang says that when his son was in school, this story wasn’t told.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s nothing in history books,” he says. \"So schools, when they talked about Vietnam War, the Hmong did not exist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So Vang and others in the community successfully advocated for California legislation that encouraged schools to teach students about the role of the Hmong in the Vietnam War. And they began pushing for Hmong language and history classes at Fresno schools, like the one Vang’s daughter, Sarah, took for the first time last year. In that class, the secret war got a lot of attention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At first we were like, 'Why are we learning about this?' We didn’t understand,” Sarah says. “But once we got into depth about it, we realized Hmong people went through a lot of hardships trying to get here. That’s when I started to ask my dad, ‘So tell me a little about the war.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang grew up in the war. As a 4-year-old, he remembers the screeching sound of rockets flying through the air, the sight of body parts strewn across the ground, and the stacks of body bags. At one point, his house was destroyed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I thought my parents were dead,” he says. “I realized they were still alive after all the smoke cleared.” Vang’s father fought with the CIA and was injured more than once. He lost multiple fingers to a grenade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hearing these stories had a big impact on Sarah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It really hit home. It made me appreciate everything the elders did,” she says. “Because of them we are here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After more than a decade, the work of Peter Vang and other community members is paying off: This year Sarah’s school offered a more advanced Hmong class for the first time, and last year \u003ca href=\"https://www.fresnostate.edu/catalog/subjects/linguistics/hmong-mn.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Fresno State University introduced a minor in Hmong\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fresno Unified has something else in the works, too. It’s testing out a dual immersion class for kindergartners so that kids like 6-year-old Logan can learn Hmong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know how to read English,” he says, while looking through a children’s book written in Hmong. “I don’t know how to read Hmong. It’s hard.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11618123\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11618123 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/Hmong-dual-immersion-3-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Doua Vu works with students Isaac and Cassidy in Fresno Unified School District's Hmong-English dual-immersion pilot class. \u003ccite>(Vanessa Rancano/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Misty Her oversees the new dual-language program. She says the biggest challenge is developing the curriculum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s really nothing, nothing out there for us,\" she says in terms of models. \"But what’s exciting is we get to build it from the ground up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her says there are very few Hmong dual-immersion programs, and there aren't a lot of Hmong written texts out there to work with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our written language only happened about the last 60, 70 years,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The kids are just a couple of weeks into the after-school class, but Fresno Unified is already planning to offer regular Hmong dual immersion at elementary schools as early as next year. It will be the first in Fresno, and one of\u003ca href=\"http://www.scusd.edu/program/susan-b-anthony-hmong-dual-language-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> just a couple in California\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Hmong who fled their homeland since the Vietnam War hope this generation -- and those to come -- will walk through the world with confidence. They hope that by knowing their language, their history and exactly where they came from, younger Hmong can decide who they want to be.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/news/11618008/years-after-tragedy-fresnos-hmong-seek-cultural-understanding-for-next-generation","authors":["11276"],"programs":["news_6944","news_72"],"categories":["news_223","news_18540","news_1169"],"tags":["news_20013","news_37","news_20632","news_17286","news_5067"],"featImg":"news_11620875","label":"news_72"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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