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"content": "\u003cp>SAN DIEGO — An investigation into two Marines accused of helping smuggle migrants into the United States led to the arrest Thursday of 16 of their fellow Marines at California's Camp Pendleton, just north of the U.S.-Mexico border.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a dramatic move aimed at sending a message, authorities made the arrests as the Marines gathered in formation with their battalion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of the 16 Marines were involved in helping enforce border security, the Marine Corps said in a news release. They are accused of crimes ranging from migrant smuggling to drug-related offenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials could not immediately be reached for additional details.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrests came weeks after two Marines were arrested by a Border Patrol agent on suspicion of transporting three Mexicans on the promise of money after they crossed illegally into the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The military said the investigation helped authorities identify the 16 Marines arrested at the largest Marine Corps base on the West Coast, about 55 miles from San Diego's border with Mexico.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Retired Marine Lt. Col. Gary Barthel called it a \"kind of black eye for the Marine Corps,\" and said it was important the military show that criminal behavior will not be tolerated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Obviously, I think it looks bad whenever you have the military that is helping protect the border and then you've got military people smuggling,\" said Barthel, an attorney at the Military Law Center in Carlsbad, north of San Diego.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marines and other U.S. troops were brought in last year to help reinforce the border by installing razor wire on top of existing barriers, among other things. Troops are barred from arresting migrants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All 16 were junior enlisted Marines. Barthel said smugglers may have targeted young troops who could be vulnerable to being enticed by fast money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Border Patrol agents over the years have routinely caught migrants in the country illegally walking onto Camp Pendleton or floating in skiffs off the coast nearby. Authorities said the base sits along a well-traversed route used by migrant smugglers. Interstate 5 leading to Los Angeles runs through part of the base.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials from 1st Marine Division worked alongside the Naval Criminal Investigative Service in the investigation that started after the July 3 arrests of two Marines, who were charged in federal court with migrant smuggling. Both pleaded not guilty to the charges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A U.S. Border Patrol agent stopped Lance Cpl. Byron Darnell Law II and Lance Cpl. David Javier Salazar-Quintero about 7 miles north of the border after being alerted by other agents that a vehicle similar to theirs was suspected of picking up migrants who came into the country illegally, according to the federal complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag='immigration' label='Immigration Coverage']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three migrants were found in the back ,seat of a black BMW driven by Law, investigators say. Both Marines are riflemen assigned to 1st Battalion, 5th Marine Regiment, 1st Marine Division at Camp Pendleton.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law told the agent that Salazar asked if he was interested in earning $1,000 picking up an \"illegal alien.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salazar told authorities that Law introduced him to a man who \"recruited\" him to help smuggle in migrants, according to court documents. Salazar said he had gone out to pick up migrants on four separate occasions but was never paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law and Salazar, who speaks Spanish, went to the border the night of July 2 and received instructions from a Mexican cellphone, court documents say. Law told the agent they picked up a man and dropped him off at a McDonald's in Del Mar, a beach community north of San Diego, and then returned to the base. They were not paid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Law said Salazar told him they would be paid if they picked up three migrants on July 3 near the border, according to court documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The three migrants told authorities they were from Mexico and agreed to pay $8,000 to be smuggled into the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Marine Corps officials gave no details about how or why the investigation expanded to result in the arrest of 16 others. The Naval Criminal Investigative Service also declined to comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An additional eight Marines were being questioned about their involvement in drug offenses as part of a separate investigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been corrected to show that eight additional Marines were being questioned, not eight of 16 Marines arrested.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published on Oct. 17, 2017.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Vietnam War era was a period of struggle on many fronts. As the war dragged on with mounting casualties, the nation was torn apart over what many came to see as an unjust campaign. At home, there were bitterly fought battles in the fight for civil rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Injustice at home and abroad became the rallying cry for a movement that formed within the ranks of active-duty GIs to protest the war and racism in the military.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key to the organizing were the coffeehouses, gathering places near military bases that anti-war activists established to help the GIs resist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There, GIs could talk openly about their feelings, drink coffee, listen to music and read underground newspapers lampooning military commanders who they said were lying about the war and fostering a racist culture, rife with abuses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”inLMKDrNjzGrrlNTj2uQdTLTsAvmkm5b”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That movement of anti-war activists and military personnel grew to include active rebellion from GIs across the country, some refusing to sail ships, others refusing to go into combat or going on strike at their bases. Some service members threw their medals from Vietnam on the steps of the U.S. Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing members of the military openly protest helped turn the tide of public opinion against the Vietnam War. Yet this activism from within the ranks has almost been erased from the historical narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/09/TCRMag20170929aGreenMachine.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/CerdaMansker-1920x1341.jpg\" Title=\"A Teen, A Marine and ‘The Green Machine’: Resisting the Vietnam War and Racism at Home\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the GI coffeehouses was operating in the shadow of Camp Pendleton. It was called The Green Machine, and it’s where two people with very different backgrounds and personal histories became best friends and organizers in a fight for justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cliff Mansker was a 17-year-old Marine Corps recruit, filled with pride in the military when he was shipped out to Camp Pendleton in 1967. His dreams of honor were shattered by the reality of a racist military culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mansker says he was beaten and subjected to racial epithets by his commanding officers. His growing anger at the racism within the military made him and other black GIs start to question the whole point of the war in Vietnam, where so many black and brown GIs were dying on the front lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">[BlackUnity]\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The GI anti-war movement was closely tied to the Black Power movement. Eventually, black GIs published their own underground newspaper. A front page from 1970 (see page 10) features Cliff Mansker, after he was locked up in the base jail and court-martialed for disobeying orders — wearing a Black Unity band and challenging his superiors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Cerda was an earnest 16-year-old high school student, the daughter of a farmworker. She started working with the anti-war group Movement for a Democratic Military because she wanted to stand up for her working-class community in Oceanside, where she saw so many of her black and Latino classmates drafted and then killed in the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620180\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620180 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cliff and Teresa lost touch after the war. After KQED found him on Facebook, he returned to Oceanside to see Teresa again after 42 years. They reminisce at the Oceanside pier, home of a historic anti-war march in 1969. GIs openly protesting the Vietnam War led the march. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620185 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At age 16, Teresa Cerda got involved with Movement for a Democratic Military, organizing GIs to stand up against the war. More than 40 years later, she stands on the same corner where she used to leaflet Marines in downtown Oceanside, standing in front of strip joints and bars. She would dress in jeans, boots and army fatigues to downplay her gender. She was trying to convince them to come to The Green Machine coffeehouse, where they could read underground newspapers and talk with peace activists. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11624138\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11624138 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-800x700.jpg\" alt=\"Cliff Mansker was one of very few African-American Marines sent to “cook school” at Camp Lejeune N.C. He returned to Pendleton to feed thousands of Marines returning from Vietnam, or waiting to be shipped out. He was never sent to Vietnam, despite repeatedly volunteering. His brother was serving in Vietnam, and according to military policy, two siblings couldn’t be sent into active combat. But on base, Cliff found himself fighting a different battle, standing up to racism within the Marines. \" width=\"800\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-800x700.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-160x140.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-1020x893.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-1180x1033.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-960x841.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-240x210.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-375x328.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-520x455.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cliff Mansker was one of very few African-American Marines sent to “cook school” at Camp Lejeune, N.C. He returned to Camp Pendleton to feed thousands of Marines returning from Vietnam, or waiting to be shipped out. He was never sent to Vietnam, despite repeatedly volunteering. His brother was serving in Vietnam, and according to military policy, two siblings couldn’t be sent into active combat. But on base, Cliff found himself fighting a different battle, standing up to racism within the Marines. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Cliff Mansker)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620191\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620191 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Suzie Racho/KQED\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"> Cliff Mansker and Teresa Cerda today. He’s a Christian pastor in Moreno Valley, with two grown children. She remained in the Oceanside area, and is raising four grandchildren. She says her experience at The Green Machine coffeehouse, listening to Marines share their wartime trauma, led her to a 30-career as a college counselor, working with low-income students. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620192\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620192 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-800x1071.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1071\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-800x1071.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-160x214.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-240x321.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-375x502.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-520x696.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut.jpg 956w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jesse Woodard, a young Marine who was shot when the house that served as The Green Machine headquarters in Oceanside was machine-gunned one evening in 1970. He was injured and put in a body cast, but survived. He’s standing in front of the picture window in the front of the house, with the bullet holes still visible. The anti-war activists and GIs opposing the war were vulnerable in Oceanside, a heavily military town where many supported the Vietnam War. Following the attack, organizers fortified the house with sandbags and barbed wire, and took turns on patrol. The Marines involved with the movement taught high schooler Teresa Cerda how to shoot a gun, in case she needed it to defend the house. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Tom Hurwitz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620194 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Suzie Racho/KQED\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cliff Mansker and Teresa Cerda say goodbye after spending the day driving around Oceanside, sharing their memories of the GI anti-war movement. Many GIs ended up publicly opposing the Vietnam War. In Cliff and Teresa’s case, they forged a bond that’s lasted decades. “You can be a patriot and an activist as well,” says Cliff, who’s still a proud Marine. “I see the fire in him still, and the gentleness in him,” says Teresa. “I see the fire in his soul.” \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You’ll find all of KQED’s stories about the many ways the Vietnam War affected people in the Bay Area and throughout California at \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/vietnamwar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.kqed.org/vietnamwar\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That movement of anti-war activists and military personnel grew to include active rebellion from GIs across the country, some refusing to sail ships, others refusing to go into combat or going on strike at their bases. Some service members threw their medals from Vietnam on the steps of the U.S. Capitol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seeing members of the military openly protest helped turn the tide of public opinion against the Vietnam War. Yet this activism from within the ranks has almost been erased from the historical narrative.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"src": "https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/09/TCRMag20170929aGreenMachine.mp3",
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"title": "A Teen, A Marine and ‘The Green Machine’: Resisting the Vietnam War and Racism at Home",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the GI coffeehouses was operating in the shadow of Camp Pendleton. It was called The Green Machine, and it’s where two people with very different backgrounds and personal histories became best friends and organizers in a fight for justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cliff Mansker was a 17-year-old Marine Corps recruit, filled with pride in the military when he was shipped out to Camp Pendleton in 1967. His dreams of honor were shattered by the reality of a racist military culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mansker says he was beaten and subjected to racial epithets by his commanding officers. His growing anger at the racism within the military made him and other black GIs start to question the whole point of the war in Vietnam, where so many black and brown GIs were dying on the front lines.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"aligncenter\">[BlackUnity]\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The GI anti-war movement was closely tied to the Black Power movement. Eventually, black GIs published their own underground newspaper. A front page from 1970 (see page 10) features Cliff Mansker, after he was locked up in the base jail and court-martialed for disobeying orders — wearing a Black Unity band and challenging his superiors.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Teresa Cerda was an earnest 16-year-old high school student, the daughter of a farmworker. She started working with the anti-war group Movement for a Democratic Military because she wanted to stand up for her working-class community in Oceanside, where she saw so many of her black and Latino classmates drafted and then killed in the war in Vietnam.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620180\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620180 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27097_Cliff-and-Teresa-soundcloud-image-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cliff and Teresa lost touch after the war. After KQED found him on Facebook, he returned to Oceanside to see Teresa again after 42 years. They reminisce at the Oceanside pier, home of a historic anti-war march in 1969. GIs openly protesting the Vietnam War led the march. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620185\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 768px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620185 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"768\" height=\"1024\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-160x213.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-240x320.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-375x500.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27115_Teresa-leafletting-qut-520x693.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">At age 16, Teresa Cerda got involved with Movement for a Democratic Military, organizing GIs to stand up against the war. More than 40 years later, she stands on the same corner where she used to leaflet Marines in downtown Oceanside, standing in front of strip joints and bars. She would dress in jeans, boots and army fatigues to downplay her gender. She was trying to convince them to come to The Green Machine coffeehouse, where they could read underground newspapers and talk with peace activists. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11624138\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11624138 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-800x700.jpg\" alt=\"Cliff Mansker was one of very few African-American Marines sent to “cook school” at Camp Lejeune N.C. He returned to Pendleton to feed thousands of Marines returning from Vietnam, or waiting to be shipped out. He was never sent to Vietnam, despite repeatedly volunteering. His brother was serving in Vietnam, and according to military policy, two siblings couldn’t be sent into active combat. But on base, Cliff found himself fighting a different battle, standing up to racism within the Marines. \" width=\"800\" height=\"700\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-800x700.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-160x140.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-1020x893.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-1180x1033.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-960x841.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-240x210.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-375x328.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/TeenMarineArchive-520x455.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cliff Mansker was one of very few African-American Marines sent to “cook school” at Camp Lejeune, N.C. He returned to Camp Pendleton to feed thousands of Marines returning from Vietnam, or waiting to be shipped out. He was never sent to Vietnam, despite repeatedly volunteering. His brother was serving in Vietnam, and according to military policy, two siblings couldn’t be sent into active combat. But on base, Cliff found himself fighting a different battle, standing up to racism within the Marines. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Cliff Mansker)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620191\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620191 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Suzie Racho/KQED\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27098_Cliff-and-Teresa-today-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\"> Cliff Mansker and Teresa Cerda today. He’s a Christian pastor in Moreno Valley, with two grown children. She remained in the Oceanside area, and is raising four grandchildren. She says her experience at The Green Machine coffeehouse, listening to Marines share their wartime trauma, led her to a 30-career as a college counselor, working with low-income students. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620192\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620192 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-800x1071.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"1071\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-800x1071.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-160x214.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-240x321.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-375x502.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut-520x696.jpg 520w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27071_JesseWoodard-qut.jpg 956w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jesse Woodard, a young Marine who was shot when the house that served as The Green Machine headquarters in Oceanside was machine-gunned one evening in 1970. He was injured and put in a body cast, but survived. He’s standing in front of the picture window in the front of the house, with the bullet holes still visible. The anti-war activists and GIs opposing the war were vulnerable in Oceanside, a heavily military town where many supported the Vietnam War. Following the attack, organizers fortified the house with sandbags and barbed wire, and took turns on patrol. The Marines involved with the movement taught high schooler Teresa Cerda how to shoot a gun, in case she needed it to defend the house. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Tom Hurwitz)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620194\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11620194 size-medium\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Suzie Racho/KQED\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/09/RS27099_Cliff-and-Teresa-say-goodbye-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cliff Mansker and Teresa Cerda say goodbye after spending the day driving around Oceanside, sharing their memories of the GI anti-war movement. Many GIs ended up publicly opposing the Vietnam War. In Cliff and Teresa’s case, they forged a bond that’s lasted decades. “You can be a patriot and an activist as well,” says Cliff, who’s still a proud Marine. “I see the fire in him still, and the gentleness in him,” says Teresa. “I see the fire in his soul.” \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You’ll find all of KQED’s stories about the many ways the Vietnam War affected people in the Bay Area and throughout California at \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/vietnamwar/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">www.kqed.org/vietnamwar\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Remember When Camp Pendleton Was a Refugee Camp? These Vietnamese Sisters Do",
"title": "Remember When Camp Pendleton Was a Refugee Camp? These Vietnamese Sisters Do",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>In the spring of 1975, the North Vietnamese took control of Saigon and the United States began frantically evacuating tens of thousands of South Vietnamese. Overnight, Camp Pendleton in Southern California was transformed into a makeshift refugee camp. The Marines had 36 hours to set up tents, toilets and showers before refugees started arriving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That first wave included two teenage sisters, Evelyn and Jessica Kheo. They settled in nearby San Diego, but hadn’t been back to the base in 42 years. I got a chance to take a tour with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving through the gate of the base, nothing looks very familiar to Jessica and Evelyn. We’re at the northernmost part of Camp Pendleton, miles from the beach. It’s dry and hot. There's scrubby grass and dusty canyons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn was just 14 when her family arrived here. Jessica, who was 16, remembers being nervous when their plane landed at the military airport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TgkU4KOvIas\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were kind of scared -- worried how people would treat us outside, because we knew about the anti-war movement,” Jessica said. “We were walking into a situation where people have protested before and you didn’t know what was going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they got on a bus from the airport, and she remembers civilians in the streets waving at them, smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of nervous laughter as these two women -- now in their 50s -- try to remember what it was like to be vulnerable teenagers leaving their comfortable home in Saigon to start over in a new country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[audio src=\"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2017/09/TCRMag20170929bSVietRefSis.mp3\" Image=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/Untitled-1-1020x680.jpg\" Title=\"Remember When Camp Pendleton Was a Refugee Camp? These Vietnamese Sisters Do\" program=\"The California Report\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica and Evelyn came from a well-to-do family in Vietnam. They spoke French and wore fashionable dresses and barrettes in their hair. They were sheltered teenagers -- their mother hardly let them out of her sight. So coming to Camp Pendleton felt like an adventure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looked pretty to me,” Jessica said. “I never camped before so it was kind of like camping. I'm sure my mom was not happy, but for me it was fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their mother was nervous about having her young daughters around so many military men in uniform. But Jessica and Evelyn remember the Marines as kind and gentle young men working to help the refugees. A base nurse treated their sister for asthma with great tenderness. The Marines shared scratchy blankets and clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was May, but it was cold for us, coming from Vietnam,” Evelyn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, we had to wear the army jacket. If you’re a kid, it’s all the way down to your ankles,” Jessica said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ApAJoZ2KWVfFI5lpzigjaJNB4GUCr4ux\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One time, Evelyn said, a Marine even came running out of the base health clinic to give her and her friend a box of maxi-pads. They were mortified, but touched by the gesture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Actually, it was a pretty good gift at the time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was one Marine guy,” she said. “I think he served in Vietnam and then he learned how to eat fish sauce. So, in a way for him to connect with the refugees, he would walk around in his pocket with this little fish sauce. And then whenever he wanted to maybe flirt with some young lady, or be friendly with the kids, he would pull it out. ‘I got the fish sauce!’ He would even say that in Vietnamese!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for all their funny stories about their teenage adventures, Jessica also recalls the pain of watching adults in the camp traumatized by the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was a woman who saved the (leftover) rice. She would spread out a newspaper and dry the rice out outside of her tent every day. And I saw some GI walk by and he made a face like, ‘What's going on?’ But because we went through the war, we still have worries about not having food.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meeting a Marine Who Helped Evacuate Refugees\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Camp Talega, the section of Camp Pendleton that once housed the refugees, is dusty and hot. Helicopters hover above, and Marines in fatigues walk past metal quonset huts. It’s hard to tell there was once a refugee camp here. There are few signs or placards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11620955\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica Kheo points out sites she remembers at Camp Pendleton. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But we’re given a tour by Phillip Nguyen, a civilian who works on the base maintaining many of the facilities. He, too, first came through Camp Pendleton as a refugee. Turns out, he stayed in the same section as the Kheo sisters: Camp 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen introduces us to a retired Marine, Michael Duren, who helped maintain the refugee camp during the war. He was also in Saigon helping refugees onto helicopters back in 1975.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you got out before Saigon, you got out before the rush,” he tells the sisters, who left a week before the city fell to Communist forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was still a war going on,” Duren recalls, explaining that North Vietnamese troops were firing on fleeing South Vietnamese and on the U.S. troops trying to get them out of the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were still being assaulted. So just pack them into helicopters was our main concern. We weren’t thinking how many we could get in; just get them in. It was a fast-moving operation. You didn’t have a lot of time to think. You just had to move. Get them in, get the helicopters out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625059\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"Jessica (far left) and Evelyn (far right) with their family before they left Vietnam.\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11625059\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-960x657.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-375x257.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-520x356.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto.jpg 977w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica (far left) and Evelyn (far right) with their family before they left Vietnam. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Jessica Kheo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There is trauma in the whole experience of being evacuated from Vietnam,” says Evelyn. “I think that's why it was very hard for us, and for the longest time we never talked much about the experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also a sense of guilt, she says, that her family had the means to get out by airplane, and get out early, compared to the “boat people” who came from Vietnam later, risking drowning and an uncertain future on rickety vessels.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hopscotch and Daydreams\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We wander for a while among World War II quonset huts, which also served as the mess hall and medical clinic for the refugees. Then, we finally reach Camp 5, one of eight clusters of tents on the northern part of the base. This was the place the Kheo family called home in 1975. Today, it’s just a dry meadow at the bottom of a steep hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn ambles through the dry grass and looks around thoughtfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If this is truly Camp 5, then I'm pretty sure that we're right around this bend. Because I remember that's where our tent was and that's where I played hopscotch every day in front of the tent,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also remembers a giant tree, where she used to lie down and stare up at the sky, daydreaming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620948\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11620948\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Letters the Kheo sisters’ father wrote to another sister in France while they were awaiting a sponsor at Camp Pendleton. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She can’t find that exact tree, but she and her sister head to the shade of another massive oak, and take out a scrapbook. Photos and letters as thin as onion skin are carefully pasted to the pages. Some show the return address, in graceful handwriting: Camp Talega, Camp 5, Section 6, Tent 4. These are letters the Kheo sisters’ father wrote to another sister in France, explaining that they had arrived at Camp Pendleton and were waiting for a sponsor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one page of the scrapbook, there’s a photograph of their family -- in a newspaper article about how churches in the U.S. were helping the new refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620950\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11620950 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-1020x788.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-160x124.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-1180x912.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-960x742.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-240x186.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-375x290.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-520x402.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A newspaper article about Vietnamese refugees shows the Kheo family on the front page. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Evelyn Kheo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The nervous laughter has waned, and I ask these two sisters how they feel, standing in this overgrown meadow that once served as their home, at the beginning of their new life in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this is truly a land of opportunity,” Evelyn says. “Every country has its good and bad. But I think this country is very paradoxical. We create war with everybody. But then we also help people the most. So it's such a conflicting thing, in a way. But I am grateful for my experience for being evacuated to this country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Jessica, it ultimately meant she was allowed to live a life of her own creation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt bad that the war had to end with us losing,” she says. “But in the meantime, I couldn't wait to get out of the country [Vietnam] because that was always my dream. I did not like being submissive. I had a problem with that. Because I was a tomboy. Here, they would call me a feminist. I did not like the culture over there. So when I got here, yes, I did have cultural shock, but I accepted it. Without the war, I don't think I would be able to come to the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620939\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11620939\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-960x642.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-520x348.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut.jpg 1523w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Kheo family when they first got out of Camp Pendleton and stayed in an apartment in San Diego. Jessica and Evelyn's mother is in white. Their father is behind her, wearing dark glasses. Next to him in the black T-shirt is Jessica and Evelyn is next to her. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Evelyn Kheo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jessica and Evelyn’s family stayed at Camp Pendleton for about a month. They left when a San Diego family agreed to sponsor them. They’ve made their home here -- Evelyn\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> became a school guidance counselor and Jessica a first-grade teacher.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hearing that, Duren's face erupts into a huge smile. He’s thrilled that refugees like the ones he helped load onto helicopters 42 years ago have gone on to become successful, like Evelyn and Jessica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m elated,” he says. “I mean they came over here and they made best of the best. They had an attitude of, 'I have\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> an opportunity to do something and I’m gonna do something'\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. And they did. And they started a great career, a career that helps others. It's like they were helped. So they’re paying it forward now.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were very fortunate to get to Camp Pendleton,” says Jessica. “And still have time to play hopscotch and just lie down under a tree and dream.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Evelyn and Jessica Kheo came to Camp Pendleton as refugees during the Vietnam War. Forty-two years later, they went back.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the spring of 1975, the North Vietnamese took control of Saigon and the United States began frantically evacuating tens of thousands of South Vietnamese. Overnight, Camp Pendleton in Southern California was transformed into a makeshift refugee camp. The Marines had 36 hours to set up tents, toilets and showers before refugees started arriving.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That first wave included two teenage sisters, Evelyn and Jessica Kheo. They settled in nearby San Diego, but hadn’t been back to the base in 42 years. I got a chance to take a tour with them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Driving through the gate of the base, nothing looks very familiar to Jessica and Evelyn. We’re at the northernmost part of Camp Pendleton, miles from the beach. It’s dry and hot. There's scrubby grass and dusty canyons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn was just 14 when her family arrived here. Jessica, who was 16, remembers being nervous when their plane landed at the military airport.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/TgkU4KOvIas'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/TgkU4KOvIas'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were kind of scared -- worried how people would treat us outside, because we knew about the anti-war movement,” Jessica said. “We were walking into a situation where people have protested before and you didn’t know what was going to happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they got on a bus from the airport, and she remembers civilians in the streets waving at them, smiling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of nervous laughter as these two women -- now in their 50s -- try to remember what it was like to be vulnerable teenagers leaving their comfortable home in Saigon to start over in a new country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jessica and Evelyn came from a well-to-do family in Vietnam. They spoke French and wore fashionable dresses and barrettes in their hair. They were sheltered teenagers -- their mother hardly let them out of her sight. So coming to Camp Pendleton felt like an adventure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It looked pretty to me,” Jessica said. “I never camped before so it was kind of like camping. I'm sure my mom was not happy, but for me it was fun.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their mother was nervous about having her young daughters around so many military men in uniform. But Jessica and Evelyn remember the Marines as kind and gentle young men working to help the refugees. A base nurse treated their sister for asthma with great tenderness. The Marines shared scratchy blankets and clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was May, but it was cold for us, coming from Vietnam,” Evelyn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yeah, we had to wear the army jacket. If you’re a kid, it’s all the way down to your ankles,” Jessica said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One time, Evelyn said, a Marine even came running out of the base health clinic to give her and her friend a box of maxi-pads. They were mortified, but touched by the gesture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Actually, it was a pretty good gift at the time,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There was one Marine guy,” she said. “I think he served in Vietnam and then he learned how to eat fish sauce. So, in a way for him to connect with the refugees, he would walk around in his pocket with this little fish sauce. And then whenever he wanted to maybe flirt with some young lady, or be friendly with the kids, he would pull it out. ‘I got the fish sauce!’ He would even say that in Vietnamese!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for all their funny stories about their teenage adventures, Jessica also recalls the pain of watching adults in the camp traumatized by the war.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There was a woman who saved the (leftover) rice. She would spread out a newspaper and dry the rice out outside of her tent every day. And I saw some GI walk by and he made a face like, ‘What's going on?’ But because we went through the war, we still have worries about not having food.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Meeting a Marine Who Helped Evacuate Refugees\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Camp Talega, the section of Camp Pendleton that once housed the refugees, is dusty and hot. Helicopters hover above, and Marines in fatigues walk past metal quonset huts. It’s hard to tell there was once a refugee camp here. There are few signs or placards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11620955\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26690_P1050547-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica Kheo points out sites she remembers at Camp Pendleton. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But we’re given a tour by Phillip Nguyen, a civilian who works on the base maintaining many of the facilities. He, too, first came through Camp Pendleton as a refugee. Turns out, he stayed in the same section as the Kheo sisters: Camp 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nguyen introduces us to a retired Marine, Michael Duren, who helped maintain the refugee camp during the war. He was also in Saigon helping refugees onto helicopters back in 1975.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If you got out before Saigon, you got out before the rush,” he tells the sisters, who left a week before the city fell to Communist forces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was still a war going on,” Duren recalls, explaining that North Vietnamese troops were firing on fleeing South Vietnamese and on the U.S. troops trying to get them out of the country. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were still being assaulted. So just pack them into helicopters was our main concern. We weren’t thinking how many we could get in; just get them in. It was a fast-moving operation. You didn’t have a lot of time to think. You just had to move. Get them in, get the helicopters out.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11625059\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-800x548.jpg\" alt=\"Jessica (far left) and Evelyn (far right) with their family before they left Vietnam.\" width=\"800\" height=\"548\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11625059\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-800x548.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-960x657.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-240x164.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-375x257.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto-520x356.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/ArchivePhoto.jpg 977w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica (far left) and Evelyn (far right) with their family before they left Vietnam. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Jessica Kheo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There is trauma in the whole experience of being evacuated from Vietnam,” says Evelyn. “I think that's why it was very hard for us, and for the longest time we never talked much about the experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also a sense of guilt, she says, that her family had the means to get out by airplane, and get out early, compared to the “boat people” who came from Vietnam later, risking drowning and an uncertain future on rickety vessels.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hopscotch and Daydreams\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>We wander for a while among World War II quonset huts, which also served as the mess hall and medical clinic for the refugees. Then, we finally reach Camp 5, one of eight clusters of tents on the northern part of the base. This was the place the Kheo family called home in 1975. Today, it’s just a dry meadow at the bottom of a steep hill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evelyn ambles through the dry grass and looks around thoughtfully.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If this is truly Camp 5, then I'm pretty sure that we're right around this bend. Because I remember that's where our tent was and that's where I played hopscotch every day in front of the tent,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also remembers a giant tree, where she used to lie down and stare up at the sky, daydreaming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620948\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11620948\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-960x720.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-375x281.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS26737_P1050594-qut-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Letters the Kheo sisters’ father wrote to another sister in France while they were awaiting a sponsor at Camp Pendleton. \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She can’t find that exact tree, but she and her sister head to the shade of another massive oak, and take out a scrapbook. Photos and letters as thin as onion skin are carefully pasted to the pages. Some show the return address, in graceful handwriting: Camp Talega, Camp 5, Section 6, Tent 4. These are letters the Kheo sisters’ father wrote to another sister in France, explaining that they had arrived at Camp Pendleton and were waiting for a sponsor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On one page of the scrapbook, there’s a photograph of their family -- in a newspaper article about how churches in the U.S. were helping the new refugees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620950\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11620950 size-large\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-1020x788.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"494\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-1020x788.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-160x124.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-800x618.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-1180x912.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-960x742.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-240x186.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-375x290.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27174_Newspaper-qut-520x402.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A newspaper article about Vietnamese refugees shows the Kheo family on the front page. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Evelyn Kheo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The nervous laughter has waned, and I ask these two sisters how they feel, standing in this overgrown meadow that once served as their home, at the beginning of their new life in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think this is truly a land of opportunity,” Evelyn says. “Every country has its good and bad. But I think this country is very paradoxical. We create war with everybody. But then we also help people the most. So it's such a conflicting thing, in a way. But I am grateful for my experience for being evacuated to this country.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Jessica, it ultimately meant she was allowed to live a life of her own creation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt bad that the war had to end with us losing,” she says. “But in the meantime, I couldn't wait to get out of the country [Vietnam] because that was always my dream. I did not like being submissive. I had a problem with that. Because I was a tomboy. Here, they would call me a feminist. I did not like the culture over there. So when I got here, yes, I did have cultural shock, but I accepted it. Without the war, I don't think I would be able to come to the U.S.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11620939\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11620939\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-800x535.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"535\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-800x535.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-1020x682.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-1180x789.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-960x642.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-375x251.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut-520x348.jpg 520w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RS27173_family-qut.jpg 1523w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Kheo family when they first got out of Camp Pendleton and stayed in an apartment in San Diego. Jessica and Evelyn's mother is in white. Their father is behind her, wearing dark glasses. Next to him in the black T-shirt is Jessica and Evelyn is next to her. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Evelyn Kheo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jessica and Evelyn’s family stayed at Camp Pendleton for about a month. They left when a San Diego family agreed to sponsor them. They’ve made their home here -- Evelyn\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> became a school guidance counselor and Jessica a first-grade teacher.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hearing that, Duren's face erupts into a huge smile. He’s thrilled that refugees like the ones he helped load onto helicopters 42 years ago have gone on to become successful, like Evelyn and Jessica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m elated,” he says. “I mean they came over here and they made best of the best. They had an attitude of, 'I have\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> an opportunity to do something and I’m gonna do something'\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. And they did. And they started a great career, a career that helps others. It's like they were helped. So they’re paying it forward now.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We were very fortunate to get to Camp Pendleton,” says Jessica. “And still have time to play hopscotch and just lie down under a tree and dream.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"onourwatch": {
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"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"on-the-media": {
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"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
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"pbs-newshour": {
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
},
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"planet-money": {
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"link": "/radio/program/planet-money",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 5
},
"link": "/podcasts/politicalbreakdown",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5Nzk2MzI2MTEx",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.possible.fm/",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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