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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 10:41 a.m. ET Friday \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration is banning Americans from downloading popular video-sharing app TikTok and limiting the use of WeChat because of national security concerns, the Commerce Department announced on Friday. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of Sunday, TikTok will not be able to receive system updates, which could affect its functionality, including slowing down the app, but the app’s current version will still work for American users.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Talks are still underway among parties including software company Oracle and Walmart to come up with a plan to rescue TikTok, which has more than 100 million users in the U.S. and 700 million globally. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Parties have until Nov. 12 to finalize a deal or the administration will fully ban TikTok, White House officials said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal action will also limit the use of WeChat for transferring money or conducting payments inside the U.S\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2020/09/commerce-department-prohibits-wechat-and-tiktok-transactions-protect\">statement\u003c/a> that the restrictions on TikTok — which arose from President Trump’s executive order issued last month targeting the app — will take effect on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s actions prove once again that President Trump will do everything in his power to guarantee our national security and protect Americans from the threats of the Chinese Communist Party,” Ross said in a statement. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok, in a statement, called the Trump administration’s action “unjust” and vowed to keep to fighting the order in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our proposal to the US Administration, we’ve already committed to unprecedented levels of additional transparency and accountability well beyond what other apps are willing to do, including third-party audits, verification of code security, and US government oversight of US data security,” a TikTok spokesperson said. “Further, an American technology provider would be responsible for maintaining and operating the TikTok network in the US, which would include all services and data serving US consumers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kirsten Martin, professor of technology ethics at the University of Notre Dame, said the Trump administration’s enforcement action will not do much to address any national security concerns White House officials have with the Beijing-owned TikTok. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TikTok was never a national security risk. In many ways, an app like TikTok is better than most apps in that they don’t sell user data to third parties. That actually may end when Oracle gets involved given their work in digital marketing,” Martin said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also starting Sunday, it will become illegal to provide Internet hosting and other network services for WeChat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok is owned by ByteDance. WeChat, a messaging and social media app that also lets users conduct payments, is owned by Tencent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under TikTok’s terms of service, user data can be shared with ByteDance. That has made officials in Washington worry about the possibility of China gaining access to U.S. user data. The amount of data TikTok collects on Americans is on par with what other apps collect, including ones owned by Facebook and Google. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has insisted that ByteDance must lose its majority stake in TikTok, triggering a flurry of activity from U.S. companies interested in acquiring or partnering with the video-sharing service. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oracle beat out Microsoft as the top U.S. suitor. The current proposal on the table from Oracle would give it a majority stake in TikTok, but ByteDance would retain a significant minority stake and also maintain a strong position on the company’s board. It is not clear whether Trump will support the deal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oracle has ties to Trump. Larry Ellison, a top Oracle executive, is one of the few tech leaders in Silicon Valley who support the president. He held a fundraiser for Trump in February. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok’s 1,500 employees \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/29/907316522/tiktok-workers-feel-anxiety-anger-and-rage-amid-trump-crackdown\">were worried \u003c/a>Trump clamping down on the app would deprive them of their wages, but the administration recently clarified in a court filing that TikTok workers, and anyone working for a subsidiary of ByteDance, will not be affected by the August executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/901776584/tiktok-sues-trump-to-block-u-s-ban\">challenging\u003c/a> the order in federal court, arguing it deprives the company of due process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vanessa Pappas, TikTok’s interim global chief, said Trump’s ban will be bad for the tech industry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We invite Facebook and Instagram to publicly join our challenge and support our litigation,” Pappas \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/v_ness/status/1306956276761415681\">wrote on Twitter\u003c/a>. “This is a moment to put aside our competition and focus on core principles like freedom of expression and due process of law.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+To+Bar+Downloads+Of+TikTok%2C+WeChat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal action will also limit the use of WeChat for transferring money or conducting payments inside the U.S\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross said in a \u003ca href=\"https://www.commerce.gov/news/press-releases/2020/09/commerce-department-prohibits-wechat-and-tiktok-transactions-protect\">statement\u003c/a> that the restrictions on TikTok — which arose from President Trump’s executive order issued last month targeting the app — will take effect on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today’s actions prove once again that President Trump will do everything in his power to guarantee our national security and protect Americans from the threats of the Chinese Communist Party,” Ross said in a statement. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok, in a statement, called the Trump administration’s action “unjust” and vowed to keep to fighting the order in federal court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In our proposal to the US Administration, we’ve already committed to unprecedented levels of additional transparency and accountability well beyond what other apps are willing to do, including third-party audits, verification of code security, and US government oversight of US data security,” a TikTok spokesperson said. “Further, an American technology provider would be responsible for maintaining and operating the TikTok network in the US, which would include all services and data serving US consumers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kirsten Martin, professor of technology ethics at the University of Notre Dame, said the Trump administration’s enforcement action will not do much to address any national security concerns White House officials have with the Beijing-owned TikTok. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“TikTok was never a national security risk. In many ways, an app like TikTok is better than most apps in that they don’t sell user data to third parties. That actually may end when Oracle gets involved given their work in digital marketing,” Martin said. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also starting Sunday, it will become illegal to provide Internet hosting and other network services for WeChat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok is owned by ByteDance. WeChat, a messaging and social media app that also lets users conduct payments, is owned by Tencent. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under TikTok’s terms of service, user data can be shared with ByteDance. That has made officials in Washington worry about the possibility of China gaining access to U.S. user data. The amount of data TikTok collects on Americans is on par with what other apps collect, including ones owned by Facebook and Google. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump has insisted that ByteDance must lose its majority stake in TikTok, triggering a flurry of activity from U.S. companies interested in acquiring or partnering with the video-sharing service. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oracle beat out Microsoft as the top U.S. suitor. The current proposal on the table from Oracle would give it a majority stake in TikTok, but ByteDance would retain a significant minority stake and also maintain a strong position on the company’s board. It is not clear whether Trump will support the deal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oracle has ties to Trump. Larry Ellison, a top Oracle executive, is one of the few tech leaders in Silicon Valley who support the president. He held a fundraiser for Trump in February. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok’s 1,500 employees \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/29/907316522/tiktok-workers-feel-anxiety-anger-and-rage-amid-trump-crackdown\">were worried \u003c/a>Trump clamping down on the app would deprive them of their wages, but the administration recently clarified in a court filing that TikTok workers, and anyone working for a subsidiary of ByteDance, will not be affected by the August executive order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>TikTok is \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/08/24/901776584/tiktok-sues-trump-to-block-u-s-ban\">challenging\u003c/a> the order in federal court, arguing it deprives the company of due process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vanessa Pappas, TikTok’s interim global chief, said Trump’s ban will be bad for the tech industry. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We invite Facebook and Instagram to publicly join our challenge and support our litigation,” Pappas \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/v_ness/status/1306956276761415681\">wrote on Twitter\u003c/a>. “This is a moment to put aside our competition and focus on core principles like freedom of expression and due process of law.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=U.S.+To+Bar+Downloads+Of+TikTok%2C+WeChat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How Reface is Getting Away With Digital Blackface and Body Bullying",
"headTitle": "How Reface is Getting Away With Digital Blackface and Body Bullying | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>[dropcap]“W[/dropcap]e see the app as a personalization platform where people will be able to live different lives during their one lifetime. So everyone can be anyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2020/08/17/deepfake-video-app-reface-is-just-getting-started-on-shapeshifting-selfie-culture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">says Roman Mogylnyi\u003c/a>, CEO and co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://reface.app/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reface\u003c/a>—an enormously popular new app that takes the faces of users and blends them into celebrity videos, movie clips and more. Current sections on the app include \u003cem>Game of Thrones\u003c/em>, WWE, Billboard Musicians, Marvel, Tarantino Movies, and many, many others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13882786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg 180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final-160x176.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\">Ostensibly, Reface—which is free, and does not have a recommended age or official user guide—is a way for people to live out their Hollywood and MTV fantasies via the medium of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepfake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deepfakes\u003c/a> (basically a high-end version of face-swapping). In practice, however, the app poses a number of social and psychological conundrums—not least of which is the fact that it offers a digital form of Blackface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reface was started in the Ukraine and was, until August, called Doublicat. As of the end of that month, the app had been downloaded over \u003ca href=\"https://www.prunderground.com/sergey-tokarev-reface-app-from-ukraine-reaches-the-first-place-in-the-u-s-appstore/00201754/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20 million\u003c/a> times. There can be no doubt that Reface has a diverse international community of users to appeal to, and needs to provide content reflecting that. The problem is that when the user’s face is blended with a celebrity, Reface tends to err on the side of the celebrity skin tone, not the user’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my own experiments with the app, my very pale skin was repeatedly toned darker to match the likes of Rihanna, Beyoncé, Cardi B, Megan Thee Stallion and Kanye West. When I Refaced with Kylie Jenner, her bronzer got cut off at my eyebrows and my natural skin tone remained on the rest of my face. With the artists of color, my whiteness disappeared completely. Most of the results were offensive enough that I cannot, in good conscience, include them here. (Don’t even get me started on this week’s awful “In Memory of Chadwick Boseman” section.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s \u003cem>Saturday Night Live\u003c/em> alum \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Chris-Kattan-Close-Portrait-Photo/dp/B07BSPL857\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chris Kattan\u003c/a> as Cardi B and Megan Thee Stallion to give you some idea of how skin tone is altered:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.instagram.com/p/CENdh4ZpY2_/\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there are surely many white users who will actively avoid exercising their newfound access to digital Blackface, a great many more feel just fine about indulging. Last week, I saw a friend from high school gleefully Reface her white husband into Michael Jackson’s “Beat It” video and publicly laugh about it. These are not people who would ever dream of donning Blackface to go to a costume party, but they had no qualms about posting the digital version to Facebook. It’s inevitable that thousands of other white people are going to do the same.[aside postid='arts_13882681']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]Q[/dropcap]uestions have been raised online about Reface—but they’ve centered on \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/doublicat-gif-safe-app-deep-fake-celebrities-a9628906.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the issue of privacy\u003c/a> and the collection of biometric data. Based on Reface’s \u003ca href=\"https://reface.app/privacy-policy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">privacy policy\u003c/a>, there is currently little to worry about in that regard. The policy is clear that facial features are never used “for any reason other than to provide you with the face-swapping functionality of Reface.” And: “Reface does not introduce the face recognition technologies or other technical means for processing of biometric data for the unique identification or authentication of a user.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which can only be a good thing, given that there are zero restrictions around uploading photos of other people who have not consented to having their likeness used. (One five-star review in the Google Play store says: “I’ve been taking images from my friends’ Facebook pages and sending them videos. They look pretty darn similar…”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That Reface can merge user photos with celebrity faces, based on a single photograph, is a disturbing indication of just how far deepfake technology has progressed in the last couple of years. In Feb. 2018, Samantha Cole, an expert on the developing technology, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pop/101764/deepfakes-the-dark-and-terrifying-side-of-face-swapping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told NPR\u003c/a> that “hundreds of photos of an individual’s face” were needed to create a deepfake video. Reface now does it with one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]R[/dropcap]eface also poses additional issues for anyone who lacks an impenetrable sense of self-confidence. Studies have suggested that as many as \u003ca href=\"https://now.org/now-foundation/love-your-body/love-your-body-whats-it-all-about/get-the-facts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">78% of 17-year-old girls\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.macmh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/18_Gallivan_Teens-social-media-body-image-presentation-H-Gallivan-Spring-2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">80% of women\u003c/a> are “unhappy with their bodies.” An app that allows them to see their faces atop “perfect” celebrity forms is poised to compound those insecurities.[aside postid='pop_101764']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my own experiments, I went about putting my head onto the bodies of Victoria’s Secret models, Cara Delevingne and a variety of other celebrities on the app, all of whom are four to six sizes smaller than me, with considerably longer limbs. The experience immediately reminded me of the teen years I wasted trying and failing to mold my body into a smaller, more “acceptable” shape. I am acutely aware, even decades later, that access to Reface during my adolescence would have wreaked absolute havoc with my levels of confidence and depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, like so many other of 2020’s most popular apps, Reface automatically puts filters onto the face of the user. For the purposes of research, I uploaded a selfie that was makeup-free and intentionally unflattering. Before Reface applied my bad photo to any celebrities, my face was automatically cleared of blemishes and given more prominent cheekbones. I had asked for neither.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concern about this kind of filtering, first popularized by Snapchat, has been widespread for some time. Last year, a cosmetic surgeon named Dr. Max Malik told \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/social-media/2019/10/how-instagram-plastic-surgery-filter-ban-are-destroying-how-we-see-our-faces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the \u003cem>New Statesman\u003c/em>\u003c/a>: “These filters and edits have become the norm, altering people’s perception of beauty worldwide… They can have a significant impact on a patient’s self-esteem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of these glaring issues have done anything to slow the booming popularity of Reface. It has a 4.6 star rating in the Google Play store, and is currently number 22 on the United States iOS free app charts. One of the other most popular apps of the day, TikTok, has already been acknowledged as a platform where \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/quartzy/1738478/how-teens-on-tiktok-are-perpetuating-racist-stereotypes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cultural appropriation and racist stereotyping\u003c/a> can run rampant. But little has yet been said of Reface—an app that’s so much worse, it’s right on the edge of minstrelsy. TikTok’s issues with cultural appropriation rest largely on the user’s ability to lip-sync Black voices; Reface actually makes the user’s face Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a year when America is so publicly grappling with its long history of racism, Reface deserves to be brought into the conversation. I, for one, will be dragging it into the trash can.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Reface blends your face onto the bodies of stars like Cardi B and Beyoncé—and the results from white users are disturbing.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">“W\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>e see the app as a personalization platform where people will be able to live different lives during their one lifetime. So everyone can be anyone.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So \u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2020/08/17/deepfake-video-app-reface-is-just-getting-started-on-shapeshifting-selfie-culture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">says Roman Mogylnyi\u003c/a>, CEO and co-founder of \u003ca href=\"https://reface.app/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Reface\u003c/a>—an enormously popular new app that takes the faces of users and blends them into celebrity videos, movie clips and more. Current sections on the app include \u003cem>Game of Thrones\u003c/em>, WWE, Billboard Musicians, Marvel, Tarantino Movies, and many, many others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-13882786\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"180\" height=\"198\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final.jpg 180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/07/Rae-Alexandra-KQED_180_final-160x176.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 180px) 100vw, 180px\">Ostensibly, Reface—which is free, and does not have a recommended age or official user guide—is a way for people to live out their Hollywood and MTV fantasies via the medium of \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deepfake\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">deepfakes\u003c/a> (basically a high-end version of face-swapping). In practice, however, the app poses a number of social and psychological conundrums—not least of which is the fact that it offers a digital form of Blackface.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reface was started in the Ukraine and was, until August, called Doublicat. As of the end of that month, the app had been downloaded over \u003ca href=\"https://www.prunderground.com/sergey-tokarev-reface-app-from-ukraine-reaches-the-first-place-in-the-u-s-appstore/00201754/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">20 million\u003c/a> times. There can be no doubt that Reface has a diverse international community of users to appeal to, and needs to provide content reflecting that. The problem is that when the user’s face is blended with a celebrity, Reface tends to err on the side of the celebrity skin tone, not the user’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my own experiments with the app, my very pale skin was repeatedly toned darker to match the likes of Rihanna, Beyoncé, Cardi B, Megan Thee Stallion and Kanye West. When I Refaced with Kylie Jenner, her bronzer got cut off at my eyebrows and my natural skin tone remained on the rest of my face. With the artists of color, my whiteness disappeared completely. Most of the results were offensive enough that I cannot, in good conscience, include them here. (Don’t even get me started on this week’s awful “In Memory of Chadwick Boseman” section.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s \u003cem>Saturday Night Live\u003c/em> alum \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/Chris-Kattan-Close-Portrait-Photo/dp/B07BSPL857\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Chris Kattan\u003c/a> as Cardi B and Megan Thee Stallion to give you some idea of how skin tone is altered:\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While there are surely many white users who will actively avoid exercising their newfound access to digital Blackface, a great many more feel just fine about indulging. Last week, I saw a friend from high school gleefully Reface her white husband into Michael Jackson’s “Beat It” video and publicly laugh about it. These are not people who would ever dream of donning Blackface to go to a costume party, but they had no qualms about posting the digital version to Facebook. It’s inevitable that thousands of other white people are going to do the same.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">Q\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>uestions have been raised online about Reface—but they’ve centered on \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/doublicat-gif-safe-app-deep-fake-celebrities-a9628906.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the issue of privacy\u003c/a> and the collection of biometric data. Based on Reface’s \u003ca href=\"https://reface.app/privacy-policy/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">privacy policy\u003c/a>, there is currently little to worry about in that regard. The policy is clear that facial features are never used “for any reason other than to provide you with the face-swapping functionality of Reface.” And: “Reface does not introduce the face recognition technologies or other technical means for processing of biometric data for the unique identification or authentication of a user.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Which can only be a good thing, given that there are zero restrictions around uploading photos of other people who have not consented to having their likeness used. (One five-star review in the Google Play store says: “I’ve been taking images from my friends’ Facebook pages and sending them videos. They look pretty darn similar…”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That Reface can merge user photos with celebrity faces, based on a single photograph, is a disturbing indication of just how far deepfake technology has progressed in the last couple of years. In Feb. 2018, Samantha Cole, an expert on the developing technology, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pop/101764/deepfakes-the-dark-and-terrifying-side-of-face-swapping\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told NPR\u003c/a> that “hundreds of photos of an individual’s face” were needed to create a deepfake video. Reface now does it with one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">R\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>eface also poses additional issues for anyone who lacks an impenetrable sense of self-confidence. Studies have suggested that as many as \u003ca href=\"https://now.org/now-foundation/love-your-body/love-your-body-whats-it-all-about/get-the-facts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">78% of 17-year-old girls\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.macmh.org/wp-content/uploads/2014/05/18_Gallivan_Teens-social-media-body-image-presentation-H-Gallivan-Spring-2014.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">80% of women\u003c/a> are “unhappy with their bodies.” An app that allows them to see their faces atop “perfect” celebrity forms is poised to compound those insecurities.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my own experiments, I went about putting my head onto the bodies of Victoria’s Secret models, Cara Delevingne and a variety of other celebrities on the app, all of whom are four to six sizes smaller than me, with considerably longer limbs. The experience immediately reminded me of the teen years I wasted trying and failing to mold my body into a smaller, more “acceptable” shape. I am acutely aware, even decades later, that access to Reface during my adolescence would have wreaked absolute havoc with my levels of confidence and depression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, like so many other of 2020’s most popular apps, Reface automatically puts filters onto the face of the user. For the purposes of research, I uploaded a selfie that was makeup-free and intentionally unflattering. Before Reface applied my bad photo to any celebrities, my face was automatically cleared of blemishes and given more prominent cheekbones. I had asked for neither.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Concern about this kind of filtering, first popularized by Snapchat, has been widespread for some time. Last year, a cosmetic surgeon named Dr. Max Malik told \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/science-tech/social-media/2019/10/how-instagram-plastic-surgery-filter-ban-are-destroying-how-we-see-our-faces\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">the \u003cem>New Statesman\u003c/em>\u003c/a>: “These filters and edits have become the norm, altering people’s perception of beauty worldwide… They can have a significant impact on a patient’s self-esteem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of these glaring issues have done anything to slow the booming popularity of Reface. It has a 4.6 star rating in the Google Play store, and is currently number 22 on the United States iOS free app charts. One of the other most popular apps of the day, TikTok, has already been acknowledged as a platform where \u003ca href=\"https://qz.com/quartzy/1738478/how-teens-on-tiktok-are-perpetuating-racist-stereotypes/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cultural appropriation and racist stereotyping\u003c/a> can run rampant. But little has yet been said of Reface—an app that’s so much worse, it’s right on the edge of minstrelsy. TikTok’s issues with cultural appropriation rest largely on the user’s ability to lip-sync Black voices; Reface actually makes the user’s face Black.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a year when America is so publicly grappling with its long history of racism, Reface deserves to be brought into the conversation. I, for one, will be dragging it into the trash can.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "K-Pop's Digital 'Army' Musters to Meet the Moment, Baggage in Tow",
"headTitle": "K-Pop’s Digital ‘Army’ Musters to Meet the Moment, Baggage in Tow | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A week before Trump held his controversial campaign rally in Tulsa was when Viviana Dark, a K-pop fan from Wisconsin (who has requested pseudonymity over concerns of online harassment), first heard of plans to “sabotage” the event. Users on TikTok, the exceptionally popular social-video platform, were urging others to reserve tickets to the rally, with no intention of actually going. “You know how a TikTok Challenge happens? It was kind of like that. ‘Everybody go do this!’ And it spread like wildfire,” Dark, 19 years old, tells NPR Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She signed up for two seats, received a confirmation email from the Trump campaign—”I’m counting on my loyal supporters like you”—and never showed up to the rally, which drew just \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/20/881313605/trump-crowd-size-underwhelms-campaign-blames-protesters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a few thousand\u003c/a> supporters to the 19,000-seat auditorium on June 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/06/21/tiktok-kpop-trump-tulsa-rally/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not clear\u003c/a> how much TikTok teens and K-pop fans should be credited for the rally’s disappointing turnout; Trump’s campaign originally \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/15/trump-tulsa-rally-coronavirus-calls-for-cancellation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">claimed\u003c/a> it received more than a million requests for tickets. A stage prepared for overflow was \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/daveweigel/status/1274481380836114433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">never used\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dark, who supports the girl groups TWICE and GWSN, is no stranger to political activism in coordination with her K-pop community. She has a Twitter group chat with fellow idol fans from all over the world, where they exchange info about stars, petitions and hashtag movements. To “clog up” the platform, she tweeted #WhiteLivesMatter and #KeepAmericaGreat hashtags, coupled with irrelevant fancams of her favorite stars, as a way of diluting the usefulness and relevance of the tags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m Black before I’m a K-pop stan,” she says. “The main point of why we were fighting was for the Black Lives Matter cause, not to get recognized [as K-pop fans].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But getting recognized they are, as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-06-04/k-pop-fans-maestros-of-social-media-bring-their-powers-to-bear-on-blacklivesmatter-protests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">maestros of social media\u003c/a>,” “\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/5851211/kpop-bts-black-lives-matter-social-media/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an unexpected ally\u003c/a>,” “\u003ca href=\"https://www.adobomagazine.com/digital-news/digital-dont-anger-the-k-pop-fans-k-pop-community-invades-racist-hashtags/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unlikely heroes\u003c/a>.” Earlier this month, fans of BTS matched the boy band’s $1 million Black Lives Matter donation in roughly a day. Others are credited with flooding the iWatch Dallas app \u003ca href=\"https://www.insider.com/kpop-trump-tulsa-rally-hashtags-fancams-donations-activism-online-stan-2020-6#in-late-may-some-k-pop-fans-tried-to-stop-fandom-hashtags-from-trending-out-of-respect-for-blacklivesmatter-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">with fancams\u003c/a> (and sinking its App Store \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/iwatch-dallas/id1482321757\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ranking\u003c/a>), after the Dallas police asked people to report “illegal activity” from the George Floyd and Black Lives Matter protests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never thought I’d see the day where K-pop stans are defeating the police,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/blom_dot_com/status/1267252731959554050\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">read\u003c/a> one tweet that received over 4,000 likes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why is this so surprising? If you know the people in the K-pop fandom, this [political activism] seems natural,” says Lee Jeeheng, a cultural studies scholar and author of \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/BTS-ARMY-Culture-Lee-Jeeheng-ebook/dp/B083NJNNPR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>BTS and ARMY Culture\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a book analyzing the fandom of the extremely popular group. “K-pop fandom is a digital tribe. Fans have been trained to mobilize quickly. They already have the infrastructure; when someone says, \u003cem>‘Go here!\u003c/em>‘ everybody can run towards the target.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882460\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13882460\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"K-pop fans in Central Park on May 15, 2019 in New York.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">K-pop fans in Central Park on May 15, 2019 in New York. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the past, fans have \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/magic_breakfast/status/1222920159851094018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">donated to a London charity\u003c/a> to fund over 35,000 meals, reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/chilean-government-blames-k-pop-recent-protests-1479151\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protested against\u003c/a> the Chilean government in 2019, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hyunsuinseoul/status/1268520597853581312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">raised awareness\u003c/a> about the need for safer roads in Bangladesh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This activism, while not practiced by every K-pop fan, has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.koreaexpose.com/fascinating-world-k-pop-fandom-culture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">long history\u003c/a>. In South Korea, organized music fandoms \u003ca href=\"https://www.reportshop.co.kr/social/102427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">began appearing\u003c/a> in the 1980s and ’90s. Fan philanthropy, now common in Korea beyond pop music, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201812081756208010\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has its roots\u003c/a> in the early 2000s. Fans of the “first-generation” idol band Shinhwa, which debuted in 1998 and is still active, are credited with starting the “fan rice” trend in 2007, sending thousands of kilograms of rice to charity. Other fandoms \u003ca href=\"https://www.soompi.com/article/837751wpp/fans-donate-to-deaf-children-for-infinites-hoyas-birthday\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have funded\u003c/a> cochlear implants for deaf children and more recently, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wowtv.co.kr/NewsCenter/News/Read?articleId=A202006110079&t=NN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COVID-19 efforts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within and across different fandoms, political awareness is shared through loose online networks on Twitter, Instagram, fan cafes, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scholar Lee, a BTS fan, remembers one instance: In 2018, BTS member Jimin wore \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46147777\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a shirt\u003c/a> depicting the U.S atomic bombing of Japan, after which fans became embroiled in contentious debates about Western imperialism and Japan’s atrocities during WWII, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/11/13/563838610/comfort-woman-memorial-statues-a-thorn-in-japans-side-now-sit-on-korean-buses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sexually enslaving women\u003c/a> for its military. Multilingual fans furiously translated on Twitter, including Lee. “Fans from Southeast Asia started talking about their grandmothers who were sexually enslaved,” she recalls. “It was an incredible history lesson. It was a really moving experience. I witnessed diversity and minority representation in action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worldwide, K-pop is being consumed in the name of diversity politics,” \u003ca href=\"http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=202006082139025&code=960802#csidx183f27eda83c4abb96adce82d8be04b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">says \u003c/a>Mimyo, the editor-in-chief of \u003ca href=\"http://idology.kr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Idology\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, an online magazine specializing in K-pop idol music. “Most K-pop fans are already interested in diversity politics; combine this with K-pop fandom’s culture of collective action. That’s why K-pop’s global fandom is participating actively in social movements like Black Lives Matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be a non-Korean K-pop fan is innately political, I dunno why anyone is still surprised that K-pop fans are political,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TamarWrites/status/1274531852829765632\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted \u003c/a>Tamar Herman, a K-pop correspondent for \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herman and Mimyo’s comments are part of a growing media \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/06/11/surprised-seeing-k-pop-fans-stand-up-black-lives-matter-you-shouldnt-be/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">narrative\u003c/a> highlighting K-pop fans’ political progressiveness. But the reality is more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one, there are plenty of fans like Dionne Saville, who don’t really engage in K-pop’s political activities. “K-pop is not at all an inherently political act for me. It’s just excellent music that crosses global boundaries. I enjoy the deeper cultural connection it brings,” Saville, a 47-year-old BTS fan in Yorkshire, U.K., tells NPR Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are more sinister issues. Ironically for a music industry seen as heralding diversity politics, with millions of POC fans worldwide, K-pop creators still face constant accusations of \u003ca href=\"https://www.insider.com/kpop-stans-hashtags-fancams-whitelivesmatter-bts-matchamillion-army-donation-2020-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cultural appropriation\u003c/a> and racism, particularly against Black people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, \u003ca href=\"https://popcrush.com/k-pop-scandals-international-blackface-racist/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blackface\u003c/a>, though less common now, has brought plenty of A-list idols under fire. Artists also frequently stylize themselves after Black culture, and many cite Black music as a central influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traditionally, K-pop has not been a space that has validated Black feelings about those choices,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/k-pop-stars-speaking-up-black-lives-matter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">writes\u003c/a> Natasha Mulenga for \u003cem>Teen Vogue\u003c/em>, “despite the impact Blackness has had on an industry that was reported at $5.4 billion … in 2018.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within the fandom, plenty of Black fans have voiced concerns about being \u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/bts-fandom-needs-to-check-anti-blackness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gaslit\u003c/a> by other fans when bringing up racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels really hard to be a POC in K-pop,” says Dark. “When some fans try to talk about internal racism, or even cultural appropriation, it kind of gets pushed under the bed. People of color are shushed by other K-pop fans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why, for Dark, some K-pop fans jumping in online to support the BLM movement feels hollow. “Some people’s gestures of ‘being an ally’ feels performative, like it’s just on a surface level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being a K-pop fan causes me lots of drama and issues mentally, because of the racism. But I feel it’s almost worth it to have that connection to the world, to music, to all these different ideas. K-pop helps me learn about the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, many \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/International/pop-stars-part-black-lives-matter-movement/story?id=71131938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">K-pop artists have spoken out\u003c/a> on Black Lives Matter—a rare sight, since unlike many of their fans, most artists refrain from making political statements in public.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.twitter.com/Haekoko\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Haeryun Kang\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a freelance journalist based in Seoul and the creative director of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/videocusIN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>videocusIN\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a media incubator.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/24/882867577/k-pops-digital-army-musters-to-meet-the-moment-baggage-in-tow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=K-Pop%27s+Digital+%27Army%27+Musters+To+Meet+The+Moment%2C+Baggage+In+Tow&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A week before Trump held his controversial campaign rally in Tulsa was when Viviana Dark, a K-pop fan from Wisconsin (who has requested pseudonymity over concerns of online harassment), first heard of plans to “sabotage” the event. Users on TikTok, the exceptionally popular social-video platform, were urging others to reserve tickets to the rally, with no intention of actually going. “You know how a TikTok Challenge happens? It was kind of like that. ‘Everybody go do this!’ And it spread like wildfire,” Dark, 19 years old, tells NPR Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She signed up for two seats, received a confirmation email from the Trump campaign—”I’m counting on my loyal supporters like you”—and never showed up to the rally, which drew just \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/20/881313605/trump-crowd-size-underwhelms-campaign-blames-protesters\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a few thousand\u003c/a> supporters to the 19,000-seat auditorium on June 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2020/06/21/tiktok-kpop-trump-tulsa-rally/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">not clear\u003c/a> how much TikTok teens and K-pop fans should be credited for the rally’s disappointing turnout; Trump’s campaign originally \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2020/jun/15/trump-tulsa-rally-coronavirus-calls-for-cancellation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">claimed\u003c/a> it received more than a million requests for tickets. A stage prepared for overflow was \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/daveweigel/status/1274481380836114433\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">never used\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dark, who supports the girl groups TWICE and GWSN, is no stranger to political activism in coordination with her K-pop community. She has a Twitter group chat with fellow idol fans from all over the world, where they exchange info about stars, petitions and hashtag movements. To “clog up” the platform, she tweeted #WhiteLivesMatter and #KeepAmericaGreat hashtags, coupled with irrelevant fancams of her favorite stars, as a way of diluting the usefulness and relevance of the tags.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m Black before I’m a K-pop stan,” she says. “The main point of why we were fighting was for the Black Lives Matter cause, not to get recognized [as K-pop fans].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But getting recognized they are, as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2020-06-04/k-pop-fans-maestros-of-social-media-bring-their-powers-to-bear-on-blacklivesmatter-protests\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">maestros of social media\u003c/a>,” “\u003ca href=\"https://time.com/5851211/kpop-bts-black-lives-matter-social-media/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an unexpected ally\u003c/a>,” “\u003ca href=\"https://www.adobomagazine.com/digital-news/digital-dont-anger-the-k-pop-fans-k-pop-community-invades-racist-hashtags/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">unlikely heroes\u003c/a>.” Earlier this month, fans of BTS matched the boy band’s $1 million Black Lives Matter donation in roughly a day. Others are credited with flooding the iWatch Dallas app \u003ca href=\"https://www.insider.com/kpop-trump-tulsa-rally-hashtags-fancams-donations-activism-online-stan-2020-6#in-late-may-some-k-pop-fans-tried-to-stop-fandom-hashtags-from-trending-out-of-respect-for-blacklivesmatter-1\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">with fancams\u003c/a> (and sinking its App Store \u003ca href=\"https://apps.apple.com/us/app/iwatch-dallas/id1482321757\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">ranking\u003c/a>), after the Dallas police asked people to report “illegal activity” from the George Floyd and Black Lives Matter protests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I never thought I’d see the day where K-pop stans are defeating the police,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/blom_dot_com/status/1267252731959554050\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">read\u003c/a> one tweet that received over 4,000 likes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why is this so surprising? If you know the people in the K-pop fandom, this [political activism] seems natural,” says Lee Jeeheng, a cultural studies scholar and author of \u003ca href=\"https://www.amazon.com/BTS-ARMY-Culture-Lee-Jeeheng-ebook/dp/B083NJNNPR\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>BTS and ARMY Culture\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a book analyzing the fandom of the extremely popular group. “K-pop fandom is a digital tribe. Fans have been trained to mobilize quickly. They already have the infrastructure; when someone says, \u003cem>‘Go here!\u003c/em>‘ everybody can run towards the target.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13882460\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13882460\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"K-pop fans in Central Park on May 15, 2019 in New York.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/06/gettyimages-1143982902_wide-902ba8609047c8c705b9b42ce98ec20e0ed89d3e-1-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">K-pop fans in Central Park on May 15, 2019 in New York. \u003ccite>(Drew Angerer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the past, fans have \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/magic_breakfast/status/1222920159851094018\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">donated to a London charity\u003c/a> to fund over 35,000 meals, reportedly \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsweek.com/chilean-government-blames-k-pop-recent-protests-1479151\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protested against\u003c/a> the Chilean government in 2019, \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hyunsuinseoul/status/1268520597853581312\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">raised awareness\u003c/a> about the need for safer roads in Bangladesh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This activism, while not practiced by every K-pop fan, has a \u003ca href=\"https://www.koreaexpose.com/fascinating-world-k-pop-fandom-culture/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">long history\u003c/a>. In South Korea, organized music fandoms \u003ca href=\"https://www.reportshop.co.kr/social/102427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">began appearing\u003c/a> in the 1980s and ’90s. Fan philanthropy, now common in Korea beyond pop music, \u003ca href=\"https://www.newsen.com/news_view.php?uid=201812081756208010\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">has its roots\u003c/a> in the early 2000s. Fans of the “first-generation” idol band Shinhwa, which debuted in 1998 and is still active, are credited with starting the “fan rice” trend in 2007, sending thousands of kilograms of rice to charity. Other fandoms \u003ca href=\"https://www.soompi.com/article/837751wpp/fans-donate-to-deaf-children-for-infinites-hoyas-birthday\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">have funded\u003c/a> cochlear implants for deaf children and more recently, \u003ca href=\"http://www.wowtv.co.kr/NewsCenter/News/Read?articleId=A202006110079&t=NN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">COVID-19 efforts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within and across different fandoms, political awareness is shared through loose online networks on Twitter, Instagram, fan cafes, etc.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Scholar Lee, a BTS fan, remembers one instance: In 2018, BTS member Jimin wore \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-46147777\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a shirt\u003c/a> depicting the U.S atomic bombing of Japan, after which fans became embroiled in contentious debates about Western imperialism and Japan’s atrocities during WWII, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/11/13/563838610/comfort-woman-memorial-statues-a-thorn-in-japans-side-now-sit-on-korean-buses\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">sexually enslaving women\u003c/a> for its military. Multilingual fans furiously translated on Twitter, including Lee. “Fans from Southeast Asia started talking about their grandmothers who were sexually enslaved,” she recalls. “It was an incredible history lesson. It was a really moving experience. I witnessed diversity and minority representation in action.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worldwide, K-pop is being consumed in the name of diversity politics,” \u003ca href=\"http://news.khan.co.kr/kh_news/khan_art_view.html?artid=202006082139025&code=960802#csidx183f27eda83c4abb96adce82d8be04b\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">says \u003c/a>Mimyo, the editor-in-chief of \u003ca href=\"http://idology.kr/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Idology\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, an online magazine specializing in K-pop idol music. “Most K-pop fans are already interested in diversity politics; combine this with K-pop fandom’s culture of collective action. That’s why K-pop’s global fandom is participating actively in social movements like Black Lives Matter.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To be a non-Korean K-pop fan is innately political, I dunno why anyone is still surprised that K-pop fans are political,” \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/TamarWrites/status/1274531852829765632\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tweeted \u003c/a>Tamar Herman, a K-pop correspondent for \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Herman and Mimyo’s comments are part of a growing media \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/06/11/surprised-seeing-k-pop-fans-stand-up-black-lives-matter-you-shouldnt-be/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">narrative\u003c/a> highlighting K-pop fans’ political progressiveness. But the reality is more complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one, there are plenty of fans like Dionne Saville, who don’t really engage in K-pop’s political activities. “K-pop is not at all an inherently political act for me. It’s just excellent music that crosses global boundaries. I enjoy the deeper cultural connection it brings,” Saville, a 47-year-old BTS fan in Yorkshire, U.K., tells NPR Music.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there are more sinister issues. Ironically for a music industry seen as heralding diversity politics, with millions of POC fans worldwide, K-pop creators still face constant accusations of \u003ca href=\"https://www.insider.com/kpop-stans-hashtags-fancams-whitelivesmatter-bts-matchamillion-army-donation-2020-6\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">cultural appropriation\u003c/a> and racism, particularly against Black people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, \u003ca href=\"https://popcrush.com/k-pop-scandals-international-blackface-racist/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">blackface\u003c/a>, though less common now, has brought plenty of A-list idols under fire. Artists also frequently stylize themselves after Black culture, and many cite Black music as a central influence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Traditionally, K-pop has not been a space that has validated Black feelings about those choices,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/k-pop-stars-speaking-up-black-lives-matter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">writes\u003c/a> Natasha Mulenga for \u003cem>Teen Vogue\u003c/em>, “despite the impact Blackness has had on an industry that was reported at $5.4 billion … in 2018.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within the fandom, plenty of Black fans have voiced concerns about being \u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/bts-fandom-needs-to-check-anti-blackness\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">gaslit\u003c/a> by other fans when bringing up racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It feels really hard to be a POC in K-pop,” says Dark. “When some fans try to talk about internal racism, or even cultural appropriation, it kind of gets pushed under the bed. People of color are shushed by other K-pop fans.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why, for Dark, some K-pop fans jumping in online to support the BLM movement feels hollow. “Some people’s gestures of ‘being an ally’ feels performative, like it’s just on a surface level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Being a K-pop fan causes me lots of drama and issues mentally, because of the racism. But I feel it’s almost worth it to have that connection to the world, to music, to all these different ideas. K-pop helps me learn about the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, many \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/International/pop-stars-part-black-lives-matter-movement/story?id=71131938\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">K-pop artists have spoken out\u003c/a> on Black Lives Matter—a rare sight, since unlike many of their fans, most artists refrain from making political statements in public.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.twitter.com/Haekoko\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>Haeryun Kang\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> is a freelance journalist based in Seoul and the creative director of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/videocusIN\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">\u003cem>videocusIN\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>, a media incubator.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2020 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2020/06/24/882867577/k-pops-digital-army-musters-to-meet-the-moment-baggage-in-tow\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=K-Pop%27s+Digital+%27Army%27+Musters+To+Meet+The+Moment%2C+Baggage+In+Tow&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Less than a year ago, nobody knew the name Lil Nas X. Now, his song “Old Town Road” has set the record for longest time spent atop the Hot 100 singles chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The country-rap song has now occupied the top spot for 17 weeks, a feat that has not been achieved across the chart’s six-decade history. Last week, the song was in a three-way tie for the previous record with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXxRyNvTPr8\">One Sweet Day\u003c/a>” (1995) by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/15324690/mariah-carey\">Mariah Carey\u003c/a> and Boyz II Men and the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoYgCg6i9C8\">Despacito\u003c/a>” remix (2017) by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/570187253/luis-fonsi\">Luis Fonsi\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/639536683/daddy-yankee\">Daddy Yankee\u003c/a> featuring \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/125915323/justin-bieber\">Justin Bieber\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13854359' hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2019/04/billy-ray-cyrus-lil-nas-x.jpg' target='_blank']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how exactly did a 20-year-old, who less than a year ago had no name recognition and only some amateur music, earn this milestone? In part because he knows how to play \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/18/743121439/lil-nas-x-old-town-road-billie-eilish-bad-guy-remix-billboard-charts\">the chart game\u003c/a>. \u003cem>Billboard \u003c/em>has a nebulous remix policy which allows remixes of a song to contribute to the chart tally of the original, as long as the remix is musically similar enough; \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> senior director of charts Gary Trust says remixes can’t deviate too far in composition in order to count together, but he didn’t get into the details of the internal deliberation process. In this case, it appears changing the name, dropping a collaborator — this is the only remix without Billy Ray Cyrus — and adding new verses still falls within the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Old Town Road” now has five official versions, the latest of which was released last week, likely in an attempt to push listening numbers up into a record-breaking week — the same tactic Lil Nas X employed the week prior, by dropping a Young Thug and Mason Ramsey \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/loSuMqwQA38\">remix\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this time, Lil Nas X surely figured he had a guaranteed strategy to ensure he clinched the record, by enlisting the help of an artist from one of the biggest bands in the world. That new version, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/25/745192192/so-its-come-to-this-bts-rapper-rm-leads-lil-nas-x-down-seoul-town-road\">Seoul Town Road\u003c/a>,” was a collaboration with RM (whose real name is Kim Nam-joon), who fronts the wildly popular K-pop group \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/554496915/bts\">BTS\u003c/a>. In five days, the song racked up over 400 million streams on Spotify (the album version of the Billy Ray Cyrus remix has about 538 million), and likely was the glue holding “Old Town Road” in the chart’s top slot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to week 16, Billie Eilish tried out Lil Nas X’s strategy by releasing a Justin Bieber remix of her No. 2 song, “\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/2pnXjQCegVc\">bad guy\u003c/a>.” Bieber has boosted songs before — such as “Despacito” — but he wasn’t enough this time. New music from other veteran chart-toppers, like Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran and Post Malone, also couldn’t touch Lil Nas X in the last couple weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13859988' hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2019/06/LilNasX-GettyImages-1145782505-1920-1920x1080.jpg' target='_blank']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, it’s a running joke that the remixes will never end and “Old Town Road” will never fall. On the day of this latest remix, Lil Nas X \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilNasX/status/1154227360566259713\">tweeted\u003c/a> “last one i PROMISSEE” — but there is evidence at least one other exists. A version with rapper Lil Wayne leaked last week, which Wayne told \u003ca href=\"https://www.xxlmag.com/news/2019/07/lil-wayne-lil-baby-funeral-album/\">\u003cem>XXL\u003c/em>\u003c/a> was an official remix. The leak is an unpolished snippet of Wayne rapping over the version that includes Young Thug’s verse (yeah, Wayne remixed a remix of the first remix). And celebrities — including \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__twitter.com_DollyParton_status_1151635738846355456&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=o4PGyage313KvO8adgQtnUU5vEp9z57li90gD0laJ_4&m=2pbxuxVsMuD3-OQu5UrdUwbZNgj41eJCQG-UxjdmCQQ&s=OHLJ60t9r3LKQT5XC0PLJDZa_wk0CR7lYWWCzAk9haM&e=\">Dolly Parton\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MariahCarey/status/1149899172495200256?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1149899172495200256&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F8519767%2Fmariah-carey-responds-lil-nas-x-old-town-road-remix-invitation\">Mariah Carey\u003c/a>, to start — have been chiding all across social media about getting in on the fun, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lil Nas X’s winning social media presence and curated personal brand (that \u003cem>yee-haw\u003c/em> aesthetic) also drives the success of “Old Town Road.” The song originally jumped onto the charts in March by going viral on TikTok. In the Internet age, virality can define a song’s success on the charts and beyond. One of the first truly viral, come-from-nothing-to-something songs to top the charts was the “Harlem Shake” in 2013 (oh, yeah, forgot about that, did you?). At the time, it was the first song to hit No. 1 by an artist who was essentially unknown beforehand (it’s by Baauer, who hasn’t been on any U.S. charts since), assisted by a new formula from Billboard that factored YouTube plays into chart positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The song's now-unparalleled success is, more than anything else, a pure expression of how the Internet is now everything. Welcome to the future, y'all.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Less than a year ago, nobody knew the name Lil Nas X. Now, his song “Old Town Road” has set the record for longest time spent atop the Hot 100 singles chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The country-rap song has now occupied the top spot for 17 weeks, a feat that has not been achieved across the chart’s six-decade history. Last week, the song was in a three-way tie for the previous record with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UXxRyNvTPr8\">One Sweet Day\u003c/a>” (1995) by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/15324690/mariah-carey\">Mariah Carey\u003c/a> and Boyz II Men and the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zoYgCg6i9C8\">Despacito\u003c/a>” remix (2017) by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/570187253/luis-fonsi\">Luis Fonsi\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/639536683/daddy-yankee\">Daddy Yankee\u003c/a> featuring \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/125915323/justin-bieber\">Justin Bieber\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So how exactly did a 20-year-old, who less than a year ago had no name recognition and only some amateur music, earn this milestone? In part because he knows how to play \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/18/743121439/lil-nas-x-old-town-road-billie-eilish-bad-guy-remix-billboard-charts\">the chart game\u003c/a>. \u003cem>Billboard \u003c/em>has a nebulous remix policy which allows remixes of a song to contribute to the chart tally of the original, as long as the remix is musically similar enough; \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> senior director of charts Gary Trust says remixes can’t deviate too far in composition in order to count together, but he didn’t get into the details of the internal deliberation process. In this case, it appears changing the name, dropping a collaborator — this is the only remix without Billy Ray Cyrus — and adding new verses still falls within the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Old Town Road” now has five official versions, the latest of which was released last week, likely in an attempt to push listening numbers up into a record-breaking week — the same tactic Lil Nas X employed the week prior, by dropping a Young Thug and Mason Ramsey \u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/loSuMqwQA38\">remix\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And this time, Lil Nas X surely figured he had a guaranteed strategy to ensure he clinched the record, by enlisting the help of an artist from one of the biggest bands in the world. That new version, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/25/745192192/so-its-come-to-this-bts-rapper-rm-leads-lil-nas-x-down-seoul-town-road\">Seoul Town Road\u003c/a>,” was a collaboration with RM (whose real name is Kim Nam-joon), who fronts the wildly popular K-pop group \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/artists/554496915/bts\">BTS\u003c/a>. In five days, the song racked up over 400 million streams on Spotify (the album version of the Billy Ray Cyrus remix has about 538 million), and likely was the glue holding “Old Town Road” in the chart’s top slot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prior to week 16, Billie Eilish tried out Lil Nas X’s strategy by releasing a Justin Bieber remix of her No. 2 song, “\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/2pnXjQCegVc\">bad guy\u003c/a>.” Bieber has boosted songs before — such as “Despacito” — but he wasn’t enough this time. New music from other veteran chart-toppers, like Taylor Swift, Ed Sheeran and Post Malone, also couldn’t touch Lil Nas X in the last couple weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At this point, it’s a running joke that the remixes will never end and “Old Town Road” will never fall. On the day of this latest remix, Lil Nas X \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/LilNasX/status/1154227360566259713\">tweeted\u003c/a> “last one i PROMISSEE” — but there is evidence at least one other exists. A version with rapper Lil Wayne leaked last week, which Wayne told \u003ca href=\"https://www.xxlmag.com/news/2019/07/lil-wayne-lil-baby-funeral-album/\">\u003cem>XXL\u003c/em>\u003c/a> was an official remix. The leak is an unpolished snippet of Wayne rapping over the version that includes Young Thug’s verse (yeah, Wayne remixed a remix of the first remix). And celebrities — including \u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__twitter.com_DollyParton_status_1151635738846355456&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=o4PGyage313KvO8adgQtnUU5vEp9z57li90gD0laJ_4&m=2pbxuxVsMuD3-OQu5UrdUwbZNgj41eJCQG-UxjdmCQQ&s=OHLJ60t9r3LKQT5XC0PLJDZa_wk0CR7lYWWCzAk9haM&e=\">Dolly Parton\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MariahCarey/status/1149899172495200256?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E1149899172495200256&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.billboard.com%2Farticles%2Fnews%2F8519767%2Fmariah-carey-responds-lil-nas-x-old-town-road-remix-invitation\">Mariah Carey\u003c/a>, to start — have been chiding all across social media about getting in on the fun, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lil Nas X’s winning social media presence and curated personal brand (that \u003cem>yee-haw\u003c/em> aesthetic) also drives the success of “Old Town Road.” The song originally jumped onto the charts in March by going viral on TikTok. In the Internet age, virality can define a song’s success on the charts and beyond. One of the first truly viral, come-from-nothing-to-something songs to top the charts was the “Harlem Shake” in 2013 (oh, yeah, forgot about that, did you?). At the time, it was the first song to hit No. 1 by an artist who was essentially unknown beforehand (it’s by Baauer, who hasn’t been on any U.S. charts since), assisted by a new formula from Billboard that factored YouTube plays into chart positions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2019 \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
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"soldout": {
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