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"content": "\u003cp>Ray López-Chang stays with his grandma in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, for now. The tall, bubbly 30-year-old with glowing skin hushed his dog, Cielo, from barking when we met at this temporary home: a one-story house on a hill. He lived here off and on when he was younger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang evacuated his family from their home in Altadena at 3 a.m. on Jan. 8. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022057/the-california-wildfires-could-be-leaving-deeper-inequality-in-their-wake\">Eaton Fire roared\u003c/a>, forcing evacuations across the town. Six hours later, he briefly returned to grab clothes, medications and valuables they didn’t want to lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt very chaotic and perilous inside with cars snaking through small streets, folks running through sidewalks,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also spent precious time spraying down their house with water in hopes of preventing wind-whipped embers from igniting the house. Before they left, López-Chang said his mom grabbed a figurine of a Catholic saint. But then placed the icon back “to protect the home,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995448\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray López-Chang at his grandmother’s house in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salomón Huerta rents a small home in Altadena several blocks away. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/salomonhuerta/?hl=en\">figurative painter\u003c/a> was on his way home from work when his wife called nervously as the fire approached. “She goes: ‘You better hurry up because I can see the fire,’” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires burning in Southern California have consumed more than 40,000 acres and more than 10,700 structures, as well as the lives of 25 people, at least. The Eaton Fire ripped through Altadena and is still not contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang and Huerta are two of the thousands of residents within that evacuation zone who cannot return, many who have yet to find out if their homes are still standing. KQED sent me to report on the fires, and friends connected me to them. The families tried to reach their homes multiple times after the wind and flames moderated, but the National Guard turned them around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995450\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995450\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salomón Huerta in his sister’s house in the Van Nuys neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire and Los Angeles County created \u003ca href=\"https://recovery.lacounty.gov/eaton-fire/\">a website where families can check on the status of their homes. \u003c/a>When I checked, López-Chang’s home was not yet listed. On my next trip to the fire zone, I drove by to see for myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn off the 210 Freeway onto Lincoln Avenue and move toward the San Gabriel Mountains, and all along the road, you’ll find shops and groups of people collecting donations — boxes of clothes, stacks of bottled water and mountains of food — for fire victims, many of whom were still waiting to see what remains, if anything, of their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I flashed my press pass to a public information officer at a National Guard station. When I arrived at López-Chang’s home, I found his one-story white house with bright green grass and a palm tree still standing, without scorch marks or piles of ash surrounding it. Later, I’d show him a photo of it, and he couldn’t stop staring at the phone, virtually expressionless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just locking eyes with it,” López-Chang said. “It’s like seeing someone you haven’t seen in a long time, and I just don’t want to lose that image.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995449\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995449\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1218\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-800x487.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1020x621.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-768x468.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1536x935.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1920x1169.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López-Chang’s house still standing in Altadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>López-Chang said his mom made the right decision to leave the figurine of a Catholic saint to watch over their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe the saints helped,” he said, noting that it was originally his grandmother’s figurine. “We tried as much as we could, but her hand was over the home as much as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his parents would be so relieved to learn that the house they bought about a decade ago after immigrating from Nicaragua in the 1970s is still standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This helps clarify a lot for us about what the next several weeks look like,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the house did not burn, the smoke that enveloped the house could have rendered it uninhabitable. “At minimum, we’ll be able to access some of our belongings and memories,” he said.[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"science_1995420,news_12022532,news_12022375\"]But not all residents were so lucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta and his wife, Ana Morales-Huerta, rented a small home several blocks east of López-Chang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta said he had five minutes to pack his belongings, selecting items he could resell in case he needed the cash. “I grabbed a large sketchbook with a David Bowie’s \u003cem>Diamond Dogs\u003c/em> album in it that’s worth a lot of money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the evacuation frenzy, he did not even have time to think about grabbing his archives — mainly transparencies and photos of his previous work — dating back to 1992.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I drove down Huerta’s street, all the homes on the block had burned. Only a pile of rubble remained of his house, surrounded by a charred hedge and a tall tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t recognize it,” Huerta said, leaning back in his chair, his face pressed into lines of confusion when I showed him photos of the burned mess. “I don’t know what I’m looking at because it doesn’t look like what I remember it to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire destroyed not only his home but also his favorite cafe, the diner where he met art collectors and his gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know anything about construction, but I don’t see how they’re going to rebuild for a very long time because the damage is just too massive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995451\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995451\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The burnt-out home that Salomón Huerta had rented with his wife Ana Morales-Huerta in Altadena on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huerta is looking for a new home but doesn’t have renters insurance. His art dealer started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-salomon-and-ana-recover-after-fire\">GoFundMe\u003c/a> to help with relocation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we get 50% of what we had, we’d be really happy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though López-Chang’s home is still standing, as a young person in Los Angeles living with the effects of human-caused climate change in real time, he wasn’t too surprised the fire grew out of control. Scientists believe human-caused \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">climate change exacerbated the dry conditions\u003c/a> that made the area easy to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this isn’t a perfect example of what the outcome of fast climate change looks like, I don’t know what is,” López-Chang said. “This affected people’s homes, businesses, livelihoods and memories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "KQED met two of the many Angelenos waiting to find out if their homes are still standing. Los Angeles County created a website for residents to check the status of their homes.",
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"title": "Fire Evacuees Prepare to Return Home Unsure of What They'll Find | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ray López-Chang stays with his grandma in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, for now. The tall, bubbly 30-year-old with glowing skin hushed his dog, Cielo, from barking when we met at this temporary home: a one-story house on a hill. He lived here off and on when he was younger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang evacuated his family from their home in Altadena at 3 a.m. on Jan. 8. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022057/the-california-wildfires-could-be-leaving-deeper-inequality-in-their-wake\">Eaton Fire roared\u003c/a>, forcing evacuations across the town. Six hours later, he briefly returned to grab clothes, medications and valuables they didn’t want to lose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It felt very chaotic and perilous inside with cars snaking through small streets, folks running through sidewalks,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also spent precious time spraying down their house with water in hopes of preventing wind-whipped embers from igniting the house. Before they left, López-Chang said his mom grabbed a figurine of a Catholic saint. But then placed the icon back “to protect the home,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995448\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_4641-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ray López-Chang at his grandmother’s house in the El Sereno neighborhood of Los Angeles, south of Pasadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Salomón Huerta rents a small home in Altadena several blocks away. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/salomonhuerta/?hl=en\">figurative painter\u003c/a> was on his way home from work when his wife called nervously as the fire approached. “She goes: ‘You better hurry up because I can see the fire,’” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fires burning in Southern California have consumed more than 40,000 acres and more than 10,700 structures, as well as the lives of 25 people, at least. The Eaton Fire ripped through Altadena and is still not contained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>López-Chang and Huerta are two of the thousands of residents within that evacuation zone who cannot return, many who have yet to find out if their homes are still standing. KQED sent me to report on the fires, and friends connected me to them. The families tried to reach their homes multiple times after the wind and flames moderated, but the National Guard turned them around.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995450\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995450\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1819-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salomón Huerta in his sister’s house in the Van Nuys neighborhood of Los Angeles on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Cal Fire and Los Angeles County created \u003ca href=\"https://recovery.lacounty.gov/eaton-fire/\">a website where families can check on the status of their homes. \u003c/a>When I checked, López-Chang’s home was not yet listed. On my next trip to the fire zone, I drove by to see for myself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Turn off the 210 Freeway onto Lincoln Avenue and move toward the San Gabriel Mountains, and all along the road, you’ll find shops and groups of people collecting donations — boxes of clothes, stacks of bottled water and mountains of food — for fire victims, many of whom were still waiting to see what remains, if anything, of their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I flashed my press pass to a public information officer at a National Guard station. When I arrived at López-Chang’s home, I found his one-story white house with bright green grass and a palm tree still standing, without scorch marks or piles of ash surrounding it. Later, I’d show him a photo of it, and he couldn’t stop staring at the phone, virtually expressionless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just locking eyes with it,” López-Chang said. “It’s like seeing someone you haven’t seen in a long time, and I just don’t want to lose that image.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995449\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995449\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1218\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-800x487.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1020x621.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-768x468.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1536x935.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1667-1920x1169.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">López-Chang’s house still standing in Altadena, on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>López-Chang said his mom made the right decision to leave the figurine of a Catholic saint to watch over their home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe the saints helped,” he said, noting that it was originally his grandmother’s figurine. “We tried as much as we could, but her hand was over the home as much as possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said his parents would be so relieved to learn that the house they bought about a decade ago after immigrating from Nicaragua in the 1970s is still standing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This helps clarify a lot for us about what the next several weeks look like,” López-Chang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the house did not burn, the smoke that enveloped the house could have rendered it uninhabitable. “At minimum, we’ll be able to access some of our belongings and memories,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But not all residents were so lucky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta and his wife, Ana Morales-Huerta, rented a small home several blocks east of López-Chang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Huerta said he had five minutes to pack his belongings, selecting items he could resell in case he needed the cash. “I grabbed a large sketchbook with a David Bowie’s \u003cem>Diamond Dogs\u003c/em> album in it that’s worth a lot of money,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the evacuation frenzy, he did not even have time to think about grabbing his archives — mainly transparencies and photos of his previous work — dating back to 1992.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When I drove down Huerta’s street, all the homes on the block had burned. Only a pile of rubble remained of his house, surrounded by a charred hedge and a tall tree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t recognize it,” Huerta said, leaning back in his chair, his face pressed into lines of confusion when I showed him photos of the burned mess. “I don’t know what I’m looking at because it doesn’t look like what I remember it to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire destroyed not only his home but also his favorite cafe, the diner where he met art collectors and his gym.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t know anything about construction, but I don’t see how they’re going to rebuild for a very long time because the damage is just too massive,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995451\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995451\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/01/IMG_1723-1-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The burnt-out home that Salomón Huerta had rented with his wife Ana Morales-Huerta in Altadena on Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Huerta is looking for a new home but doesn’t have renters insurance. His art dealer started a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gofundme.com/f/help-salomon-and-ana-recover-after-fire\">GoFundMe\u003c/a> to help with relocation costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if we get 50% of what we had, we’d be really happy,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even though López-Chang’s home is still standing, as a young person in Los Angeles living with the effects of human-caused climate change in real time, he wasn’t too surprised the fire grew out of control. Scientists believe human-caused \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995420/climate-scientists-warn-of-growing-whiplash-effect-on-weather-patterns\">climate change exacerbated the dry conditions\u003c/a> that made the area easy to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If this isn’t a perfect example of what the outcome of fast climate change looks like, I don’t know what is,” López-Chang said. “This affected people’s homes, businesses, livelihoods and memories.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "PHOTOS: Latest Winter Storm Lights Up Southern California Sky",
"headTitle": "PHOTOS: Latest Winter Storm Lights Up Southern California Sky | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Another very wet storm rolled into Southern California with spectacular lightning, thunderclaps and downpours, but evacuations were canceled Wednesday as significant debris and mud flows did not materialize.[contextly_sidebar id=”tWwS64gSK0n3mJCNQWGlKUyVmC0LZa4e”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous traffic accidents, localized street flooding and canyon rock falls snarled Los Angeles area traffic, but conditions were diminishing to showers as the system moved east.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm was the latest atmospheric river to flow into the state this winter. The National Weather Service reported “copious” lightning strikes as the long plume of Pacific moisture approached the coast late Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sky over Southern California was streaked with bolts as thunder boomed and rattled the region. The weather service said it was “one of the more electrically active systems” seen all winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1938868\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1938863\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1938863\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lightning strikes in the skies above Santa Barbara, CA, March 5, 2019. \u003ccite>(Mike Eliason/Santa Barbara County Fire Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was just thrilling. We were amazed,” said Jennifer Kennedy of Santa Monica, who was driving with her son near Los Angeles International Airport when the skies opened up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We started to see some really huge lightning strikes out over the water,” she said. “We wondered if it would affect flight operations at the airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta Air Lines Flight 2432 returned to LAX “out of an abundance of caution” after encountering lightning Tuesday, the airline said. The 110 passengers were put aboard another flight to Seattle, a statement said, noting that airliners are designed to withstand lightning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara County authorities were able to lift evacuation orders for an estimated 3,000 residents of communities below hills and mountains scarred by several recent wildfires, including parts of Montecito where a debris flow in January 2018 ravaged neighborhoods and killed more than 20 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/EliasonMike/status/1103196090721959936\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol reported numerous incidents of roadway flooding in the mountains northeast of Bakersfield and in areas of the San Joaquin Valley, as well as in the Owens Valley at the foot of the Eastern Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scenic stretch of Highway 1 near the popular tourist area of Big Sur was closed after the road surface broke apart while “several large boulders are perched above the coast route,” state transportation officials said on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors in Death Valley National Park were urged to use caution as roads flooded in one of the driest spots in the country. In a typical March, the Furnace Creek rain gauge in Death Valley records about 0.3 inches of rainfall. In a 24-hour period between Tuesday and Wednesday, the same gauge measured 0.84 inches, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With just two weeks left in the season, California is flush with water and a vital snowpack that’s significantly above normal, and drought and abnormal dryness have been pushed to the fringes of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One inch of rain fell in downtown Los Angeles as of 2 p.m. Wednesday, breaking the previous record for the date of .88 inches set in 1884, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With showers still occurring and more rain in the near- and long-term forecasts, downtown LA was nearing 18 inches so far this season. That’s more than 6 inches above normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snow continued to fall in the Sierra Nevada, where winter storm warnings were to remain in effect for high elevations until early Thursday. The Mammoth Mountain ski resort reported more than 51 feet of snow on its summit so far this season.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Lightning struck Santa Barbara skies on Tuesday as the latest atmospheric river storm hit the state.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Another very wet storm rolled into Southern California with spectacular lightning, thunderclaps and downpours, but evacuations were canceled Wednesday as significant debris and mud flows did not materialize.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous traffic accidents, localized street flooding and canyon rock falls snarled Los Angeles area traffic, but conditions were diminishing to showers as the system moved east.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The storm was the latest atmospheric river to flow into the state this winter. The National Weather Service reported “copious” lightning strikes as the long plume of Pacific moisture approached the coast late Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The sky over Southern California was streaked with bolts as thunder boomed and rattled the region. The weather service said it was “one of the more electrically active systems” seen all winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1938868\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"569\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-800x569.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-768x546.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2-1020x725.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsUwAAeCl2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1938863\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1938863\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/03/D08j5JsV4AAGOl0.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lightning strikes in the skies above Santa Barbara, CA, March 5, 2019. \u003ccite>(Mike Eliason/Santa Barbara County Fire Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It was just thrilling. We were amazed,” said Jennifer Kennedy of Santa Monica, who was driving with her son near Los Angeles International Airport when the skies opened up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We started to see some really huge lightning strikes out over the water,” she said. “We wondered if it would affect flight operations at the airport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Delta Air Lines Flight 2432 returned to LAX “out of an abundance of caution” after encountering lightning Tuesday, the airline said. The 110 passengers were put aboard another flight to Seattle, a statement said, noting that airliners are designed to withstand lightning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Barbara County authorities were able to lift evacuation orders for an estimated 3,000 residents of communities below hills and mountains scarred by several recent wildfires, including parts of Montecito where a debris flow in January 2018 ravaged neighborhoods and killed more than 20 people.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>The California Highway Patrol reported numerous incidents of roadway flooding in the mountains northeast of Bakersfield and in areas of the San Joaquin Valley, as well as in the Owens Valley at the foot of the Eastern Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A scenic stretch of Highway 1 near the popular tourist area of Big Sur was closed after the road surface broke apart while “several large boulders are perched above the coast route,” state transportation officials said on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors in Death Valley National Park were urged to use caution as roads flooded in one of the driest spots in the country. In a typical March, the Furnace Creek rain gauge in Death Valley records about 0.3 inches of rainfall. In a 24-hour period between Tuesday and Wednesday, the same gauge measured 0.84 inches, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With just two weeks left in the season, California is flush with water and a vital snowpack that’s significantly above normal, and drought and abnormal dryness have been pushed to the fringes of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One inch of rain fell in downtown Los Angeles as of 2 p.m. Wednesday, breaking the previous record for the date of .88 inches set in 1884, the weather service said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With showers still occurring and more rain in the near- and long-term forecasts, downtown LA was nearing 18 inches so far this season. That’s more than 6 inches above normal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Snow continued to fall in the Sierra Nevada, where winter storm warnings were to remain in effect for high elevations until early Thursday. The Mammoth Mountain ski resort reported more than 51 feet of snow on its summit so far this season.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "How Los Angeles Could Source its Water Locally",
"headTitle": "How Los Angeles Could Source its Water Locally | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">Los Angeles Mayor \u003c/span>Eric Garcetti believes his city is poised for a “second Mulholland moment.” William Mulholland was responsible for the construction, over a century ago, of the 200-mile-long \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://graphics.latimes.com/me-aqueduct/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aqueduct\u003c/a> to Owens Valley that helped drive \u003cspan class=\"caps\">L.A.\u003c/span>’s growth. In a \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.dailynews.com/2018/03/03/los-angeles-new-mulholland-moment-for-safe-and-adequate-water-eric-garcetti/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent op-ed\u003c/a>, Garcetti wrote, “we have launched a second opportunity to reimagine our water infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this time it will take place \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920428/californians-are-struggling-to-pay-for-rising-water-rates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closer to home.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://plan.lamayor.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/the-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced a plan\u003c/a> in 2015 to reduce imported water 50 percent by 2025 and produce half of the city’s water supply locally by 2035. A vision also supported by the local water utility, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP\u003c/span>).[contextly_sidebar id=”TT0sfF5k0WDI0vLYDHmpmcwKDFNRGj6z”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s not just a pipe dream. “When we set that 50 percent goal we knew \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1115545/desalination-why-tapping-sea-water-has-slowed-to-a-trickle-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">it was ambitious\u003c/a>, but we also really feel like it’s achievable,” said Liz Crosson, director of infrastructure for the mayor’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tp3x8g4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new report\u003c/a> from the University of California, Los Angeles, thinks the city could do more. The report is the \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://grandchallenges.ucla.edu/happenings/2015/11/13/100-local-water-for-la-county/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fourth in a series\u003c/a> aimed at helping to provide the city with research to drive an integrated water management strategy. Mark Gold, the associate vice chancellor of environment and sustainability at \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span> and one of the report’s authors, said sourcing 100 percent of the city’s water locally could even be possible. But it won’t be cheap, easy or quick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city would need to maximize local water supplies from stormwater capture, recycled water and groundwater, the latter of which in many cases would also need to be cleaned of pollutants. And the city would need to up its conservation efforts. “It’s not something that would happen overnight but if you look at the next 25–30 years, it’s something that definitely is possible,” Gold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Will\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>There’s quite a difference between possible and probable, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now Los Angeles gets the bulk of its water from three faraway sources: Owens Valley, the western side of the Sierra Nevada via the beleaguered Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Rocky Mountain snowmelt, diverted from the Colorado River before it heads to Mexico. As climate change impacts the timing and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1921626/desalinated-water-doesnt-have-to-come-from-the-ocean\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">amount of runoff\u003c/a> in the West’s mountains and pressure for limited water resources increases, developing a more local water supply would increase resilience and reliability for \u003cspan class=\"caps\">L.A.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To prepare for more frequent occurrences in extreme weather due to the impacts of climate change, we need to continue to develop local supply strategies, and improve integration efforts that contribute to expanding the city’s overall water supply reliability,” said Christina Holland, senior public relations specialist with \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP.\u003c/span> “This is especially relevant at a time when imported supplies continue to be challenged.”[contextly_sidebar id=”YjK1yw8v4IU5TvygFD0paYwStcqGL2N9″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city and \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP\u003c/span> share a commitment to increasing local water supply for the city, but Crosson said that 100 percent local water is not on the city’s immediate horizon though “it’s definitely something that the city will consider and take a hard look at” while it ramps up efforts to meet its goal of 50 percent local water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span>’s report isn’t an exact roadmap that Los Angeles will follow, it’s still helpful to agencies working on expanding the city’s water supplies. “The additional research and opportunities identified in \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span>’s report will certainly help guide \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP\u003c/span>’s future planning efforts and potential investments of limited funding in new future local projects,” said Holland. “This additional information could lead to refinements in our strategic plan and ultimately future investments in stormwater capture, water recycling and water use efficiency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Biggest Opportunities\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nOne of the first areas of focus to increase local water supplies is groundwater. The San Fernando Valley has a massive groundwater basin, but it’s been polluted for decades with contaminants from the aerospace industry and other industrial sources, said Crosson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1921690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1921690\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-768x549.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-240x172.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-375x268.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-520x372.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person costumed as a water drop, supervisor Sheila Kuehl, homeowner Carrie Wassenaar, Los Angeles mayor Eric Garcetti and conservation advocate Andy Lipkis of TreePeople watch as water is released electronically from Wassenaar’s newly installed 1,320-gallon water cistern into a “rain garden” for replenishing groundwater. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Programs like the federal government’s Superfund haven’t proved effective at tackling the problem, said Gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For decades, it just felt like everyone was waiting for Superfund and getting the polluters to pay for the remediation of the aquifer,” said Gold. “But that model just has not worked very well. The federal government agencies go after the potentially responsible parties to get settlement funds to pay for remediation. Funds go to litigation, not remediation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So water districts and municipalities are now taking matters into their own hands because the cost of pumping and treating the contaminated groundwater is now comparable to imported water prices.[contextly_sidebar id=”bfAZF6R7og5kNNe7Ujq6Ygxwx97DDf4W”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really on us to do a large-scale remediation project,” Crosson said. The city recently broke ground on the first of four new remediation projects to clean up the groundwater basin that will eventually provide water for up to 800,000 households a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kinds of efforts are a “transformational change” in the region, said Gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clean groundwater is important, too, because part of the city’s long-term water plan is to treat more stormwater and recycled water, which can be used to recharge groundwater. “If we are going to put more water into the groundwater, we need to make sure we have these treatment facilities to be able to use it,” said Crosson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stormwater is one area in which the city needs to focus more effort and where \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span>’s report is particularly helpful at identifying potential opportunities, said Crosson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been able to identify funding for groundwater remediation, we’ve been able to acquire funding for recycled water projects and we’ve done well in being able to support campaigns to educate folks about water conservation, but stormwater is difficult for municipalities across California to be able to fund,” she said. Because stormwater flows across jurisdictions, it requires coordinating with multiple municipalities and agencies across the entire watershed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Economic Issues\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Of particular note in the report is that it doesn’t factor desalinated seawater into the city’s future water portfolio as a way to augment local supply, as other California cities have done, such as \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2016/12/14/desalination-plant-anniversary-bodes-well-for-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">San Diego\u003c/a>. For a seaside city with little rain, desalinated ocean water might seem like a good investment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the numbers don’t add up, at least not yet, said Gold. Recycled water and desalinated brackish water are cheaper, he said, and use less energy, have a small carbon footprint and fewer impacts on marine life. Less energy and fewer resources can be used transforming coastal water treatment plants into water supply plants, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">Still, committing to developing local water sources will not be cheap. “These sorts of projects aren’t free, they cost a lot of money to really make this sort of transformation from a 20th-century gray infrastructure to 21st-century green, local water infrastructure,” said Gold, but they also come with other benefits, including reduced carbon emissions, habitat and recreation opportunities and water quality improvements. “We’re talking about billions of dollars,” he said. “There’s got to be either a regulatory requirement or a large cash infusion to help make that happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater%2farticles%2f2016%2f07%2f07%2fnine-experts-to-watch-on-california-water-policy\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A new report challenges the city to think bigger about its plans to source more water locally.",
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"description": "A new report challenges the city to think bigger about its plans to source more water locally.",
"title": "How Los Angeles Could Source its Water Locally | KQED",
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"headline": "How Los Angeles Could Source its Water Locally",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"start\">Los Angeles Mayor \u003c/span>Eric Garcetti believes his city is poised for a “second Mulholland moment.” William Mulholland was responsible for the construction, over a century ago, of the 200-mile-long \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://graphics.latimes.com/me-aqueduct/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">aqueduct\u003c/a> to Owens Valley that helped drive \u003cspan class=\"caps\">L.A.\u003c/span>’s growth. In a \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.dailynews.com/2018/03/03/los-angeles-new-mulholland-moment-for-safe-and-adequate-water-eric-garcetti/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">recent op-ed\u003c/a>, Garcetti wrote, “we have launched a second opportunity to reimagine our water infrastructure.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this time it will take place \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1920428/californians-are-struggling-to-pay-for-rising-water-rates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">closer to home.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"http://plan.lamayor.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/the-plan.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">announced a plan\u003c/a> in 2015 to reduce imported water 50 percent by 2025 and produce half of the city’s water supply locally by 2035. A vision also supported by the local water utility, Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (\u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP\u003c/span>).\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s not just a pipe dream. “When we set that 50 percent goal we knew \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1115545/desalination-why-tapping-sea-water-has-slowed-to-a-trickle-in-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">it was ambitious\u003c/a>, but we also really feel like it’s achievable,” said Liz Crosson, director of infrastructure for the mayor’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But a \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://escholarship.org/uc/item/4tp3x8g4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">new report\u003c/a> from the University of California, Los Angeles, thinks the city could do more. The report is the \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://grandchallenges.ucla.edu/happenings/2015/11/13/100-local-water-for-la-county/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">fourth in a series\u003c/a> aimed at helping to provide the city with research to drive an integrated water management strategy. Mark Gold, the associate vice chancellor of environment and sustainability at \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span> and one of the report’s authors, said sourcing 100 percent of the city’s water locally could even be possible. But it won’t be cheap, easy or quick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city would need to maximize local water supplies from stormwater capture, recycled water and groundwater, the latter of which in many cases would also need to be cleaned of pollutants. And the city would need to up its conservation efforts. “It’s not something that would happen overnight but if you look at the next 25–30 years, it’s something that definitely is possible,” Gold said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Political Will\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>There’s quite a difference between possible and probable, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now Los Angeles gets the bulk of its water from three faraway sources: Owens Valley, the western side of the Sierra Nevada via the beleaguered Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta and Rocky Mountain snowmelt, diverted from the Colorado River before it heads to Mexico. As climate change impacts the timing and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1921626/desalinated-water-doesnt-have-to-come-from-the-ocean\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">amount of runoff\u003c/a> in the West’s mountains and pressure for limited water resources increases, developing a more local water supply would increase resilience and reliability for \u003cspan class=\"caps\">L.A.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To prepare for more frequent occurrences in extreme weather due to the impacts of climate change, we need to continue to develop local supply strategies, and improve integration efforts that contribute to expanding the city’s overall water supply reliability,” said Christina Holland, senior public relations specialist with \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP.\u003c/span> “This is especially relevant at a time when imported supplies continue to be challenged.”\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The city and \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP\u003c/span> share a commitment to increasing local water supply for the city, but Crosson said that 100 percent local water is not on the city’s immediate horizon though “it’s definitely something that the city will consider and take a hard look at” while it ramps up efforts to meet its goal of 50 percent local water supply.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span>’s report isn’t an exact roadmap that Los Angeles will follow, it’s still helpful to agencies working on expanding the city’s water supplies. “The additional research and opportunities identified in \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span>’s report will certainly help guide \u003cspan class=\"caps\">LADWP\u003c/span>’s future planning efforts and potential investments of limited funding in new future local projects,” said Holland. “This additional information could lead to refinements in our strategic plan and ultimately future investments in stormwater capture, water recycling and water use efficiency.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Biggest Opportunities\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nOne of the first areas of focus to increase local water supplies is groundwater. The San Fernando Valley has a massive groundwater basin, but it’s been polluted for decades with contaminants from the aerospace industry and other industrial sources, said Crosson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1921690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1921690\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-800x572.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"572\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-768x549.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-240x172.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-375x268.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2018/03/Waterdrop-520x372.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person costumed as a water drop, supervisor Sheila Kuehl, homeowner Carrie Wassenaar, Los Angeles mayor Eric Garcetti and conservation advocate Andy Lipkis of TreePeople watch as water is released electronically from Wassenaar’s newly installed 1,320-gallon water cistern into a “rain garden” for replenishing groundwater. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Programs like the federal government’s Superfund haven’t proved effective at tackling the problem, said Gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For decades, it just felt like everyone was waiting for Superfund and getting the polluters to pay for the remediation of the aquifer,” said Gold. “But that model just has not worked very well. The federal government agencies go after the potentially responsible parties to get settlement funds to pay for remediation. Funds go to litigation, not remediation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So water districts and municipalities are now taking matters into their own hands because the cost of pumping and treating the contaminated groundwater is now comparable to imported water prices.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really on us to do a large-scale remediation project,” Crosson said. The city recently broke ground on the first of four new remediation projects to clean up the groundwater basin that will eventually provide water for up to 800,000 households a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These kinds of efforts are a “transformational change” in the region, said Gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clean groundwater is important, too, because part of the city’s long-term water plan is to treat more stormwater and recycled water, which can be used to recharge groundwater. “If we are going to put more water into the groundwater, we need to make sure we have these treatment facilities to be able to use it,” said Crosson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stormwater is one area in which the city needs to focus more effort and where \u003cspan class=\"caps\">UCLA\u003c/span>’s report is particularly helpful at identifying potential opportunities, said Crosson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been able to identify funding for groundwater remediation, we’ve been able to acquire funding for recycled water projects and we’ve done well in being able to support campaigns to educate folks about water conservation, but stormwater is difficult for municipalities across California to be able to fund,” she said. Because stormwater flows across jurisdictions, it requires coordinating with multiple municipalities and agencies across the entire watershed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Economic Issues\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>Of particular note in the report is that it doesn’t factor desalinated seawater into the city’s future water portfolio as a way to augment local supply, as other California cities have done, such as \u003ca class=\"preview-link\" href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/community/2016/12/14/desalination-plant-anniversary-bodes-well-for-california\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\">San Diego\u003c/a>. For a seaside city with little rain, desalinated ocean water might seem like a good investment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the numbers don’t add up, at least not yet, said Gold. Recycled water and desalinated brackish water are cheaper, he said, and use less energy, have a small carbon footprint and fewer impacts on marine life. Less energy and fewer resources can be used transforming coastal water treatment plants into water supply plants, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"fin\">Still, committing to developing local water sources will not be cheap. “These sorts of projects aren’t free, they cost a lot of money to really make this sort of transformation from a 20th-century gray infrastructure to 21st-century green, local water infrastructure,” said Gold, but they also come with other benefits, including reduced carbon emissions, habitat and recreation opportunities and water quality improvements. “We’re talking about billions of dollars,” he said. “There’s got to be either a regulatory requirement or a large cash infusion to help make that happen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater%2farticles%2f2016%2f07%2f07%2fnine-experts-to-watch-on-california-water-policy\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Californians Are Struggling to Pay for Rising Water Rates",
"headTitle": "Californians Are Struggling to Pay for Rising Water Rates | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Water rates are rising in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/02/27/californias-water-system-built-for-a-climate-we-no-longer-have/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many California communities\u003c/a> faster than some residents can keep up. While the state works to come up with a plan to tackle affordability issues, one bill seeks to protect against water shutoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been blessed with the distinction of being home to some of the richest and the poorest income-earning Americans, according to a 2015 report by the Social Science Research Council. This stark division of wealth between the extravagantly rich and the destitute is displayed vividly in how the state’s residents consume water. On the one hand, some estate owners have been publicly shamed for watering their lawns during extreme drought with thousands of gallons per day – sometimes five or 10 times the average household rate. While other Californians live in communities where there isn’t enough water or the water isn’t safe to drink.[contextly_sidebar id=”tM2uhXoAkq4PMP3wJWvN4oZCRFjH79TS”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just access to water that’s a problem, it’s\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/25/why-this-california-towns-water-costs-3-times-the-national-average/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> also the cost\u003c/a>. Many California residents, in both small towns and big cities, are struggling to keep up with the rising price of water. The State Water Resources Control Board has been tasked with coming up with a plan to tackle affordability, but it’s been slow going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Max Gomberg, the State Water Resources Control Board’s climate and conservation manager, says the price of water has increased at six times the rate of inflation across the state. Gomberg’s agency is currently drafting a set of recommendations that will help the state legislature develop a financial assistance program for residents with soaring water rates. The water board, which already missed a February 1 deadline on the task, aims to submit the guidelines this year, though Gomberg says the legislature is not required to follow them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Costs of Climate Change \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water prices are rising in California for a variety of reasons. For one thing, much of the state is either a desert or is dominated by an arid Mediterranean climate, so \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/04/20/is-californias-water-system-really-broken/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">water is naturally scarce\u003c/a>. Because water must often be obtained from distant sources, large infrastructure projects are necessary – and much of this infrastructure is aging. Gomberg says many water agencies are catching up on deferred maintenance of pipes, pumps and wells and passing associated costs on to their customers. In some districts, water has become contaminated and must be treated – another cost that gets distributed through residential water bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Between 2010 and 2017 water rates in Los Angeles jumped 71 percent.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“But one of the big drivers is climate change,” Gomberg says. “Climate change is making hydrology more variable. We’re having longer droughts and warmer hot spells. Water districts that could once rely on rain and reliable groundwater reserves no longer can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the small San Joaquin Valley communities of Cantua Creek and El Porvenir, hundreds of residents are paying above-average rates for water that they cannot even safely drink. It’s a situation that Erica Fernandez Zamora, a policy advocate with the Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability, says violates the California Human Right to Water law of 2012, which states that, “every human being has the right to safe, clean, affordable and accessible water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cantua Creek and El Porvenir both receive water from Fresno County via Westlands Water District, a wealthy agricultural region that obtains water from the federal Central Valley Project run by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 2012–16 drought affected supplies, forcing Westlands to pay more. In turn, the 600 residents of Cantua Creek and El Porvenir were faced with rate increases, which the communities of mostly low-income farm workers didn’t believe they could pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rates were $110 a month in El Porvenir and $72 a month in Cantua Creek for water that the state deemed unsafe. Facing water shutoffs, the state stepped in with emergency funds to reduce costs and provide bottled water, but the grants expire this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1008622\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 371px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1008622\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/jrc_water_edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"371\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/jrc_water_edited.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/jrc_water_edited-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water flows out of a pipe in California. \u003ccite>(John Chacon/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to find permanent solutions for these people,” Zamora says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Joaquin Valley isn’t the only area where water affordability is a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the water news agency Circle of Blue, between 2010 and 2017 water rates in Los Angeles jumped 71 percent. The biggest increase was for households of four that used 100 gallons per capita a day, which saw monthly water bills increase from $58.49 to $100.14. In San Francisco water rates increased 119–127 percent (depending on usage) during the same period. Bills increased from $86.31 to $195.86 a month for a household of four using 150 gallons per person a day. For those using only 50 gallons per person a day, rates jumped $30.63 to $67.07. Both cities have undertaken costly infrastructure upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in relatively affluent smaller communities, the cost of water has escalated, too. The wine country town of St. Helena in the Napa Valley, which is grappling with infrastructure upgrades, is one example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our rates are now two-and-a-half times those in the city of Napa,” says Geoff Ellsworth, a member of the St. Helena City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State senator Bill Dodd, a Democrat from Napa, recently introduced legislation that would make it more difficult for utilities to abruptly discontinue service for customers unable to pay their water bills. Currently, he says, cell-phone companies face tighter restrictions in cutting off services than do water agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Many of the poorest Californians are paying as much as a fifth of their incomes for water.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The water board reports that the state spends more than $2.5 billion per year to aid low-income residents with gas, electric and telecommunication services, but more than half the state’s residents have a water provider that doesn’t offer rate assistance for low-income customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd’s proposed law, Senate Bill 998, seeks to model California’s water deliveries more like electricity and phone services, where failure to pay bills may result in soft enforcement – first warnings, followed by opportunities to appeal and probably fines. Only as a last resort, he explains, do phone and electricity providers terminate service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dodd says that with water service, missing a due date on a payment can mean dry taps in just days. His proposed law would prohibit service cuts for at least 60 days if a customer fails to pay a bill. It would require advanced written warning that service might be discontinued and would prohibit cutting \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/11/01/its-raining-will-californians-still-conserve-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">of water supplies\u003c/a> for the ill or elderly if a local health agency determines doing so would seriously threaten their health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, which is currently pending in the Senate, would also provide clear instructions to help people in restoring discontinued service and would waive reconnection fees for low-income households.[contextly_sidebar id=”JFag6y5us97AkoNlVVjhBEN5KOKi8DgP”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd says many of the poorest Californians are paying as much as a fifth of their incomes for water. In the East Bay Municipal Utility District alone, which provides drinking water for 1.4 million people, household water deliveries were interrupted for more than 8,000 residences in 2015 due to unpaid bills, according to a press release from his office. In July 2017, the utility’s board voted to increase rates 19 percent over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is served by more than 400 large public water agencies. Additionally, many people receive water from private wells or small water systems. This decentralized system makes providing water for all in an equitable way a difficult task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to the state’s Right to Water law, “It’s great to have this right written on paper, but it’s more important to have that right realized,” says Dodd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/02/27/californians-are-struggling-to-pay-for-rising-water-rates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "While the state works on a plan to tackle affordability issues, one bill seeks to prevent water shutoffs.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Water rates are rising in \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2017/02/27/californias-water-system-built-for-a-climate-we-no-longer-have/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">many California communities\u003c/a> faster than some residents can keep up. While the state works to come up with a plan to tackle affordability issues, one bill seeks to protect against water shutoffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California has been blessed with the distinction of being home to some of the richest and the poorest income-earning Americans, according to a 2015 report by the Social Science Research Council. This stark division of wealth between the extravagantly rich and the destitute is displayed vividly in how the state’s residents consume water. On the one hand, some estate owners have been publicly shamed for watering their lawns during extreme drought with thousands of gallons per day – sometimes five or 10 times the average household rate. While other Californians live in communities where there isn’t enough water or the water isn’t safe to drink.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it’s not just access to water that’s a problem, it’s\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/2017/03/25/why-this-california-towns-water-costs-3-times-the-national-average/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> also the cost\u003c/a>. Many California residents, in both small towns and big cities, are struggling to keep up with the rising price of water. The State Water Resources Control Board has been tasked with coming up with a plan to tackle affordability, but it’s been slow going.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Max Gomberg, the State Water Resources Control Board’s climate and conservation manager, says the price of water has increased at six times the rate of inflation across the state. Gomberg’s agency is currently drafting a set of recommendations that will help the state legislature develop a financial assistance program for residents with soaring water rates. The water board, which already missed a February 1 deadline on the task, aims to submit the guidelines this year, though Gomberg says the legislature is not required to follow them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Costs of Climate Change \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Water prices are rising in California for a variety of reasons. For one thing, much of the state is either a desert or is dominated by an arid Mediterranean climate, so \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/04/20/is-californias-water-system-really-broken/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">water is naturally scarce\u003c/a>. Because water must often be obtained from distant sources, large infrastructure projects are necessary – and much of this infrastructure is aging. Gomberg says many water agencies are catching up on deferred maintenance of pipes, pumps and wells and passing associated costs on to their customers. In some districts, water has become contaminated and must be treated – another cost that gets distributed through residential water bills.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Between 2010 and 2017 water rates in Los Angeles jumped 71 percent.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“But one of the big drivers is climate change,” Gomberg says. “Climate change is making hydrology more variable. We’re having longer droughts and warmer hot spells. Water districts that could once rely on rain and reliable groundwater reserves no longer can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the small San Joaquin Valley communities of Cantua Creek and El Porvenir, hundreds of residents are paying above-average rates for water that they cannot even safely drink. It’s a situation that Erica Fernandez Zamora, a policy advocate with the Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability, says violates the California Human Right to Water law of 2012, which states that, “every human being has the right to safe, clean, affordable and accessible water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cantua Creek and El Porvenir both receive water from Fresno County via Westlands Water District, a wealthy agricultural region that obtains water from the federal Central Valley Project run by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation. The 2012–16 drought affected supplies, forcing Westlands to pay more. In turn, the 600 residents of Cantua Creek and El Porvenir were faced with rate increases, which the communities of mostly low-income farm workers didn’t believe they could pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rates were $110 a month in El Porvenir and $72 a month in Cantua Creek for water that the state deemed unsafe. Facing water shutoffs, the state stepped in with emergency funds to reduce costs and provide bottled water, but the grants expire this spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1008622\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 371px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-1008622\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/jrc_water_edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"371\" height=\"247\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/jrc_water_edited.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/09/jrc_water_edited-400x266.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 371px) 100vw, 371px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Water flows out of a pipe in California. \u003ccite>(John Chacon/California Department of Water Resources)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to find permanent solutions for these people,” Zamora says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the San Joaquin Valley isn’t the only area where water affordability is a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the water news agency Circle of Blue, between 2010 and 2017 water rates in Los Angeles jumped 71 percent. The biggest increase was for households of four that used 100 gallons per capita a day, which saw monthly water bills increase from $58.49 to $100.14. In San Francisco water rates increased 119–127 percent (depending on usage) during the same period. Bills increased from $86.31 to $195.86 a month for a household of four using 150 gallons per person a day. For those using only 50 gallons per person a day, rates jumped $30.63 to $67.07. Both cities have undertaken costly infrastructure upgrades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in relatively affluent smaller communities, the cost of water has escalated, too. The wine country town of St. Helena in the Napa Valley, which is grappling with infrastructure upgrades, is one example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our rates are now two-and-a-half times those in the city of Napa,” says Geoff Ellsworth, a member of the St. Helena City Council.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State senator Bill Dodd, a Democrat from Napa, recently introduced legislation that would make it more difficult for utilities to abruptly discontinue service for customers unable to pay their water bills. Currently, he says, cell-phone companies face tighter restrictions in cutting off services than do water agencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Many of the poorest Californians are paying as much as a fifth of their incomes for water.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The water board reports that the state spends more than $2.5 billion per year to aid low-income residents with gas, electric and telecommunication services, but more than half the state’s residents have a water provider that doesn’t offer rate assistance for low-income customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd’s proposed law, Senate Bill 998, seeks to model California’s water deliveries more like electricity and phone services, where failure to pay bills may result in soft enforcement – first warnings, followed by opportunities to appeal and probably fines. Only as a last resort, he explains, do phone and electricity providers terminate service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dodd says that with water service, missing a due date on a payment can mean dry taps in just days. His proposed law would prohibit service cuts for at least 60 days if a customer fails to pay a bill. It would require advanced written warning that service might be discontinued and would prohibit cutting \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/11/01/its-raining-will-californians-still-conserve-water/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">of water supplies\u003c/a> for the ill or elderly if a local health agency determines doing so would seriously threaten their health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, which is currently pending in the Senate, would also provide clear instructions to help people in restoring discontinued service and would waive reconnection fees for low-income households.\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dodd says many of the poorest Californians are paying as much as a fifth of their incomes for water. In the East Bay Municipal Utility District alone, which provides drinking water for 1.4 million people, household water deliveries were interrupted for more than 8,000 residences in 2015 due to unpaid bills, according to a press release from his office. In July 2017, the utility’s board voted to increase rates 19 percent over two years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is served by more than 400 large public water agencies. Additionally, many people receive water from private wells or small water systems. This decentralized system makes providing water for all in an equitable way a difficult task.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to the state’s Right to Water law, “It’s great to have this right written on paper, but it’s more important to have that right realized,” says Dodd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article originally appeared on \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://mail.kqed.org/owa/redir.aspx?C=9e4bb0e1a7d74f24ba4684ef2533053d&URL=https%3a%2f%2fwww.newsdeeply.com%2fwater\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Water Deeply\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, and you can find it \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.newsdeeply.com/water/articles/2018/02/27/californians-are-struggling-to-pay-for-rising-water-rates\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">here\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. For important news about the California drought, you can \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"http://waterdeeply.us5.list-manage.com/subscribe?u=8b78e9a34ff7443ec1e8c62c6&id=2947becb78\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">sign up\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> to the Water Deeply email list.\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "New Maps Reveal Tsunami Risk for Los Angeles",
"headTitle": "New Maps Reveal Tsunami Risk for Los Angeles | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>A new study argues that at least two large earthquake faults off the coast of Southern California can spawn damaging tsunamis that would wash over San Diego, Long Beach, Santa Barbara and other coastal cities. The study’s findings could force changes in the disaster plans for these places.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JF003322/full\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, published by the Journal of Geophysical Research, a team led by Mark Legg scrounged years of data from different undersea surveys to analyze the offshore lands of Southern California in unprecedented detail. Looking both on and underneath the deep sea floor, Legg’s team found some of the earthquake faults off California are longer and more threatening than previously thought – capable not only of generating large earthquakes, but of launching dangerous tsunamis toward the nearby coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_30786\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 499px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland.png\" alt=\"The California Continental Borderland in its larger plate-tectonic setting. (Alden/USGS)\" width=\"499\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30786\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland.png 499w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-400x401.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-96x96.png 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-128x128.png 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Continental Borderland in its larger plate-tectonic setting. (Alden/USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Legg’s study makes two main contributions. First, it builds a more accurate picture of fault activity where the Pacific and North America plates intersect, in the enigmatic region known as the California Continental Borderland. Second, it considers an underappreciated aspect of California’s faults that geologists call transpression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Fractured Borderland\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe California Continental Borderland extends from Santa Barbara down to Baja California, all submerged except for the Channel Islands. It’s a peculiar piece of Earth’s crust. It started out as part of the North America tectonic plate: a thick pile of rocks and mud on the continent’s edge. Things changed about 28 million years ago as the Pacific plate took over offshore and the San Andreas fault was born. The Borderland splintered off the continent, and it’s been moving northwestward on the Pacific plate ever since. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That process is tearing the Borderland apart. \u003ca href=\"http://emvc.geol.ucsb.edu/2_infopgs/IP4WNACal/cCalifornia.html\">Plate tectonic animations\u003c/a> resemble the kind of mess you might see as tree trunks float down a river into an obstruction – a tectonic logjam. Today the Borderland is a badly cracked region. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_30789\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 698px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap.png\" alt=\"This figure from Legg's paper shows the tectonic action going on in the Borderland today. The "beachball" symbols represent historic shear earthquakes (black) and thrust earthquakes (red), the type that cause tsunamis. The red arrows mark locations of transpression, discussed below. (Legg/American Geophysical Union)\" width=\"698\" height=\"557\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30789\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap.png 698w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap-400x319.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 698px) 100vw, 698px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This figure from Legg’s paper shows the tectonic action going on in the Borderland today. The “beachball” symbols represent historic shear earthquakes (black) and thrust earthquakes (red), the type that cause tsunamis. The red arrows mark locations of transpression, discussed below. (Legg/American Geophysical Union)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Legg’s paper is a detailed description of two large faults in the seafloor of the Borderland: the 110-mile Santa Cruz-Catalina Ridge fault (“SCCR” on the map), and the 220-mile Ferrelo fault zone, extending from Santa Rosa Island to the deep Velero Basin, in Mexican waters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These faults are jagged lines built of many different segments. Seismologists know from recent research that disjointed-looking faults like these \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2015/05/28/two-faults-could-make-one-big-earthquake/\">can rupture along several segments at once\u003c/a>, adding up to a very large wallop, approaching magnitude 8. And Legg’s study shows these faults are currently active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Moving in Two Directions At Once\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen the two sides of the fault slip past each other like traffic on a two-way street, we call that motion shear. (Actually, physicists call it shear; geologists call it transcurrent motion.) When the quake moves the land up and down, we call it compression. Transpression refers to that combination of shear and compression. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Legg notes that the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake directed part of its energy into uplifting the ground—and because some of that ground was offshore, it produced a tiny tsunami an inch or so high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_30790\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses.png\" alt=\"The Transverse Ranges are raised by transpression across the San Andreas fault (heavy red line). Offshore faults in the Borderland have the same tangled relationships as the faults seen onshore.\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30790\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses.png 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses-400x267.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Transverse Ranges are raised by transpression across the San Andreas fault (heavy red line). Offshore faults in the Borderland have the same tangled relationships as the faults seen onshore. (Alden/USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vertical changes in the land are always part of transpression, and its effects are especially strong in the Borderland. The Channel Islands, for instance, have been tilted and lifted above the sea as one consequence. Many more undersea mountains and basins show its effects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is the thrust part of transpression in the Borderland that threatens to make tsunamis. Thrust-heavy fault segments, or separate thrust earthquakes, are what raise or lower the seafloor and push the overlying seawater into tsunami waves. And they do so over large areas at once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legg thinks the magnitude-7 Lompoc earthquake of November 4, 1927, may have been such an event. “The actual location and causative fault is still controversial and may never be completely resolved. The important point is that seafloor deformation of the shallow continental shelf produced a 6-foot tsunami on the adjacent coast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legg’s work suggests that, while the Borderland would not unleash a tsunami like the wave from the magnitude-9 monster quake in Japan, it still poses a significant risk of quakes that would cause large tsunamis several meters high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I worry that the area between San Clemente, Santa Catalina, and Santa Barbara Islands is a seismic gap,” Legg says, “loaded, locked, and ready for a Big One offshore.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A new study argues that at least two large earthquake faults off the coast of Southern California can spawn damaging tsunamis that would wash over San Diego, Long Beach, Santa Barbara and other coastal cities. The study’s findings could force changes in the disaster plans for these places.\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JF003322/full\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the study, published by the Journal of Geophysical Research, a team led by Mark Legg scrounged years of data from different undersea surveys to analyze the offshore lands of Southern California in unprecedented detail. Looking both on and underneath the deep sea floor, Legg’s team found some of the earthquake faults off California are longer and more threatening than previously thought – capable not only of generating large earthquakes, but of launching dangerous tsunamis toward the nearby coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_30786\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 499px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland.png\" alt=\"The California Continental Borderland in its larger plate-tectonic setting. (Alden/USGS)\" width=\"499\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30786\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland.png 499w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-400x401.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-32x32.png 32w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-64x64.png 64w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-96x96.png 96w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-128x128.png 128w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/borderland-75x75.png 75w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 499px) 100vw, 499px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California Continental Borderland in its larger plate-tectonic setting. (Alden/USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Legg’s study makes two main contributions. First, it builds a more accurate picture of fault activity where the Pacific and North America plates intersect, in the enigmatic region known as the California Continental Borderland. Second, it considers an underappreciated aspect of California’s faults that geologists call transpression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>A Fractured Borderland\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nThe California Continental Borderland extends from Santa Barbara down to Baja California, all submerged except for the Channel Islands. It’s a peculiar piece of Earth’s crust. It started out as part of the North America tectonic plate: a thick pile of rocks and mud on the continent’s edge. Things changed about 28 million years ago as the Pacific plate took over offshore and the San Andreas fault was born. The Borderland splintered off the continent, and it’s been moving northwestward on the Pacific plate ever since. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That process is tearing the Borderland apart. \u003ca href=\"http://emvc.geol.ucsb.edu/2_infopgs/IP4WNACal/cCalifornia.html\">Plate tectonic animations\u003c/a> resemble the kind of mess you might see as tree trunks float down a river into an obstruction – a tectonic logjam. Today the Borderland is a badly cracked region. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_30789\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 698px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap.png\" alt=\"This figure from Legg's paper shows the tectonic action going on in the Borderland today. The "beachball" symbols represent historic shear earthquakes (black) and thrust earthquakes (red), the type that cause tsunamis. The red arrows mark locations of transpression, discussed below. (Legg/American Geophysical Union)\" width=\"698\" height=\"557\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30789\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap.png 698w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/CCB-tectonicmap-400x319.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 698px) 100vw, 698px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This figure from Legg’s paper shows the tectonic action going on in the Borderland today. The “beachball” symbols represent historic shear earthquakes (black) and thrust earthquakes (red), the type that cause tsunamis. The red arrows mark locations of transpression, discussed below. (Legg/American Geophysical Union)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Legg’s paper is a detailed description of two large faults in the seafloor of the Borderland: the 110-mile Santa Cruz-Catalina Ridge fault (“SCCR” on the map), and the 220-mile Ferrelo fault zone, extending from Santa Rosa Island to the deep Velero Basin, in Mexican waters. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These faults are jagged lines built of many different segments. Seismologists know from recent research that disjointed-looking faults like these \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/2015/05/28/two-faults-could-make-one-big-earthquake/\">can rupture along several segments at once\u003c/a>, adding up to a very large wallop, approaching magnitude 8. And Legg’s study shows these faults are currently active.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Moving in Two Directions At Once\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nWhen the two sides of the fault slip past each other like traffic on a two-way street, we call that motion shear. (Actually, physicists call it shear; geologists call it transcurrent motion.) When the quake moves the land up and down, we call it compression. Transpression refers to that combination of shear and compression. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance, Legg notes that the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake directed part of its energy into uplifting the ground—and because some of that ground was offshore, it produced a tiny tsunami an inch or so high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_30790\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses.png\" alt=\"The Transverse Ranges are raised by transpression across the San Andreas fault (heavy red line). Offshore faults in the Borderland have the same tangled relationships as the faults seen onshore.\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"size-full wp-image-30790\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses.png 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/06/transverses-400x267.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Transverse Ranges are raised by transpression across the San Andreas fault (heavy red line). Offshore faults in the Borderland have the same tangled relationships as the faults seen onshore. (Alden/USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Vertical changes in the land are always part of transpression, and its effects are especially strong in the Borderland. The Channel Islands, for instance, have been tilted and lifted above the sea as one consequence. Many more undersea mountains and basins show its effects. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is the thrust part of transpression in the Borderland that threatens to make tsunamis. Thrust-heavy fault segments, or separate thrust earthquakes, are what raise or lower the seafloor and push the overlying seawater into tsunami waves. And they do so over large areas at once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legg thinks the magnitude-7 Lompoc earthquake of November 4, 1927, may have been such an event. “The actual location and causative fault is still controversial and may never be completely resolved. The important point is that seafloor deformation of the shallow continental shelf produced a 6-foot tsunami on the adjacent coast.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Legg’s work suggests that, while the Borderland would not unleash a tsunami like the wave from the magnitude-9 monster quake in Japan, it still poses a significant risk of quakes that would cause large tsunamis several meters high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I worry that the area between San Clemente, Santa Catalina, and Santa Barbara Islands is a seismic gap,” Legg says, “loaded, locked, and ready for a Big One offshore.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Los Angeles Willing to Pay Its Highest Price Ever for Water",
"headTitle": "Los Angeles Willing to Pay Its Highest Price Ever for Water | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28293\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/03/Crowley.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28293\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/03/Crowley.jpg\" alt=\"Flooded rice fields at the Cosumnes River Preserve near Elk Grove. Growing an acre of rice requires three acre feet of water or more; an acre foot is about 326,000 gallons. (Photo: Nancy Crowley/The Nature Conservancy)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flooded rice fields at the Cosumnes River Preserve near Elk Grove. Growing an acre of rice requires three acre-feet of water or more. An acre-foot is roughly enough water for two Los Angeles-area households for a year. (Photo: Nancy Crowley/The Nature Conservancy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles is offering rice farmers in the Sacramento Valley more money than the city has ever paid for water — $700 per acre-foot. At this price, rice farmers could make more money selling water than they can make on their crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it easy to say “yes,” says Lance Tennis, whose family has about 900 acres near Chico, an hour north of Sacramento. He says rice farmers in the Sacramento Valley feel compelled to help their parched neighbors to the south, but they wouldn’t want to make a habit of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re rice growers, not water marketers,” Tennis says. “It’s something you would never want to commit to on an ongoing permanent basis because these water rights are very precious, very valuable to us — they’re the only thing that makes this land up here worth what it is — the ability to grow rice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assuming the drought doesn’t curtail his local water district’s own supply, farmers like Tennis could get about $2,100 this year for every acre they agree to fallow. That’s because it takes more than three acre-feet of water to grow one acre of rice. By contrast, selling the rice nets a profit of between $1,000 to $1,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a brief “wet” season marked by California’s \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/02/05/after-driest-january-on-record-how-low-are-californias-reservoirs-visualization/\">driest January\u003c/a> on record, Metropolitan Water District in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/water-and-drought/article13908632.html\">L.A. is offering\u003c/a> to buy more than $70 million worth of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One upside to giving some land the year off, Tennis says, is that it’s easier with rice than certain other crops, like citrus, and doing so helps with weed control and affords a chance to level the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tennis is among the rice farmers who depend on the Western Canal Water District, which is coordinating sales to Metropolitan. General manager Ted Trimble says he wouldn’t allow farmers to fallow more than 20 percent of the land district-wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But depending on the weather in the next couple weeks, all bets could be off, Trimble says — the deals are “contingent on the district getting its full supply of water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water district depends on the Feather River, which flows into Lake Oroville, and Trimble says the likelihood of getting the full allotment of water has been growing slimmer by the day.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"description": "Los Angeles is offering rice farmers in the Sacramento Valley more money than the city has ever paid for water -- $700 per acre-foot. At this price, rice farmers could make more money selling water than they can make on their crops. That makes it easy to say "yes," says Lance Tennis, whose family has",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_28293\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/03/Crowley.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28293\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/03/Crowley.jpg\" alt=\"Flooded rice fields at the Cosumnes River Preserve near Elk Grove. Growing an acre of rice requires three acre feet of water or more; an acre foot is about 326,000 gallons. (Photo: Nancy Crowley/The Nature Conservancy)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Flooded rice fields at the Cosumnes River Preserve near Elk Grove. Growing an acre of rice requires three acre-feet of water or more. An acre-foot is roughly enough water for two Los Angeles-area households for a year. (Photo: Nancy Crowley/The Nature Conservancy)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles is offering rice farmers in the Sacramento Valley more money than the city has ever paid for water — $700 per acre-foot. At this price, rice farmers could make more money selling water than they can make on their crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That makes it easy to say “yes,” says Lance Tennis, whose family has about 900 acres near Chico, an hour north of Sacramento. He says rice farmers in the Sacramento Valley feel compelled to help their parched neighbors to the south, but they wouldn’t want to make a habit of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re rice growers, not water marketers,” Tennis says. “It’s something you would never want to commit to on an ongoing permanent basis because these water rights are very precious, very valuable to us — they’re the only thing that makes this land up here worth what it is — the ability to grow rice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assuming the drought doesn’t curtail his local water district’s own supply, farmers like Tennis could get about $2,100 this year for every acre they agree to fallow. That’s because it takes more than three acre-feet of water to grow one acre of rice. By contrast, selling the rice nets a profit of between $1,000 to $1,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following a brief “wet” season marked by California’s \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/lowdown/2015/02/05/after-driest-january-on-record-how-low-are-californias-reservoirs-visualization/\">driest January\u003c/a> on record, Metropolitan Water District in \u003ca href=\"http://www.sacbee.com/news/state/california/water-and-drought/article13908632.html\">L.A. is offering\u003c/a> to buy more than $70 million worth of water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One upside to giving some land the year off, Tennis says, is that it’s easier with rice than certain other crops, like citrus, and doing so helps with weed control and affords a chance to level the land.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tennis is among the rice farmers who depend on the Western Canal Water District, which is coordinating sales to Metropolitan. General manager Ted Trimble says he wouldn’t allow farmers to fallow more than 20 percent of the land district-wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But depending on the weather in the next couple weeks, all bets could be off, Trimble says — the deals are “contingent on the district getting its full supply of water.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The water district depends on the Feather River, which flows into Lake Oroville, and Trimble says the likelihood of getting the full allotment of water has been growing slimmer by the day.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "L.A.'s \"Resilience By Design\" Report Lays Out Ambitious Earthquake Infrastructure Plan",
"headTitle": "L.A.’s “Resilience By Design” Report Lays Out Ambitious Earthquake Infrastructure Plan | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24878\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24878\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\" alt=\"Soft-story building in Northridge, Calif.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This soft-story apartment building collapsed during the Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994. A Los Angeles city task force has outlined new efforts to retrofit such buildings before a truly major earthquake in Southern California. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazardimages/picture/show/373\">J. Dewey, USGS/NOAA\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti established a Seismic Safety Task Force, chaired by his Science Advisor for Seismic Safety, Dr. Lucy Jones, and gave the group a year to create a plan to tackle the city’s most important earthquake threats. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lamayor.org/earthquake\">Published this week\u003c/a>, the Task Force’s report “Resilience by Design” promises to set in motion a program of activities as momentous as anything in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force started with the ShakeOut earthquake scenario, a scientific model that calculates as closely as possible what an earthquake the size of the one that struck San Francisco in 1906—a magnitude 7.8 event—would do if it hit Southern California today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There would be about 1800 deaths, which is a very small number compared to the 88,000 who died in 2008 in Chengdu, China (M 7.9) or the 200,000-plus in Haiti in 2010 (M 7.0). Good building codes have reduced the risk to lives in California. But the report also measures catastrophe in dollars and jobs and economic destruction: “$213 billion of economic losses across Southern California, consisting of: $47.7 billion due to shaking damage; $65 billion due to fire damage; $96.2 billion due to business interruption costs; and $4.3 billion due to traffic delays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force’s major recommendations aim at the city’s weakest weak points: water, communications and buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>WATER:\u003c/b> The report estimates that 1600 fires would start after its scenario earthquake. The aqueducts that carry water to Los Angeles cross the San Andreas fault in no less than 32 places. Getting them flowing again would take at least a year. Naturally the report recommends fortifying them all. And backup water sources, ranging from recycling and rainwater capture to refurbishing the San Fernando Valley’s groundwater basin, have valuable parts to play. Because firefighting doesn’t need drinking-quality water, alternative supplies for that purpose can help spare the best water for other purposes, like drinking and making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>COMMUNICATIONS:\u003c/b> Our lives rely on television, radio, phones, data connections. The electric power grid also crosses the San Andreas (as do the gas lines that support generators), and it’s run by a crazy-quilt of agencies. The report recommends that the city join those agencies in a consortium to work out plans in advance for broken power lines and cascading failures across the grid. Cellular towers need to be fortified as opportunities come up. And as a backup to everything, there should be a citywide, solar-powered Wi-Fi system (which would piggyback on the upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://ita.lacity.org/ForResidents/CommunityBroadband/LACBNProject/index.htm\">Los Angeles Community Broadbank Network\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>BUILDINGS:\u003c/b> Because “no building code in the world is retroactive,” the report says that the greatest losses would come from two classes of structures built before 1980 under old building codes: about 16,000 “soft-story” buildings and about 1400 “non-ductile” reinforced concrete buildings. Soft-story buildings are wood-frame structures with big open spaces (usually parking or shops) on their ground floors. Apartments in these buildings are subject to rent stabilization, and they house a sizeable population. Pre-1980 concrete buildings, which aren’t tied together with enough steel to withstand strong shaking, are described in the report as “among the deadliest buildings in earthquakes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Angelenos, collectively, should care about these buildings because each one that fails can get the whole neighborhood red-tagged, sometimes for weeks. And retrofitting them for greater strength is a well-known procedure. The report contains suggested legislation that would require the owners of soft-story buildings to document them (by reporting that they have or haven’t been fixed) within 1 year and fix them within 5 years, and that concrete buildings be documented within 5 years and fixed within 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Somehow we must encourage the owners of these and other building types to keep improving them beyond the minimum. The report recommends a \u003ca href=\"http://www.usrc.org/rating-definitions\">proposed five-star rating system\u003c/a> to clarify everyone’s understanding. One-star buildings would be deadly; three-star buildings meet code and would not kill you, although they may well be a total loss anyway; and five-star buildings have the most advanced designs and would likely stay usable. Such a “safety star” rating should become as widely known as the LEED “green building” ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The steps recommended for water and communications are no surprise. They’ll be expensive, but they’re good subjects for bonds and federal funding, and the work can be done with expertise and oversight. However, the recommendations for buildings will touch the general public, and the necessary costs will surely concern different parties. Can landlords make their tenants pay for the retrofits? Will businesses pay higher rents for stronger buildings? There will be efforts to issue bonds and proposals to extend loans. Settling these matters in ways everyone can accept is what politics is for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will help to remember what’s at stake. Recall what happened to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, its “big one,” in 2005. Not only did it take an immediate $100 billion hit in damages, but over 200,000 residents moved away and haven’t come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24879\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\" alt=\"New Orleans after Katrina\" width=\"600\" height=\"404\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucy Jones uses this graph in her talks to show that natural disasters can cripple a great city for decades. Unlike Nashville, a city of comparable economic strength, New Orleans has fallen and is still struggling to get up. The international insurer Swiss Re has estimated that Los Angeles presents a colossal risk of catastrophic losses from earthquakes, surpassed only by Tokyo, Manila and Jakarta. (USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now consider Los Angeles, many times larger—can we risk such a fate for America’s second largest city? Recall what happened to San Francisco in 1906, at the time America’s sixth-largest city—the effects of its “big one” led directly to the nationwide recession and financial crisis of 1907.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program laid out in “Resilience by Design” is aimed at building resilience—flexible strength—against those kinds of threats. The report is the first step in “a new proactive science-based approach toward resilience” and will get close attention in Northern California, in Sacramento, and (one hopes) in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles is part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.100resilientcities.org/\">100 Resilient Cities project\u003c/a>. So are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/05/four-bay-area-cities-selected-as-future-models-of-resilience/\">San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The just-released seismic resiliency plan for Los Angeles goes beyond just saving lives; it hopes to ensure that the nation's second-largest city will still work after a magnitude 7.8 earthquake.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24878\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24878\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/softstorynorthridge.jpg\" alt=\"Soft-story building in Northridge, Calif.\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This soft-story apartment building collapsed during the Northridge earthquake of January 17, 1994. A Los Angeles city task force has outlined new efforts to retrofit such buildings before a truly major earthquake in Southern California. (\u003ca href=\"http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazardimages/picture/show/373\">J. Dewey, USGS/NOAA\u003c/a>)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, Los Angeles Mayor Eric Garcetti established a Seismic Safety Task Force, chaired by his Science Advisor for Seismic Safety, Dr. Lucy Jones, and gave the group a year to create a plan to tackle the city’s most important earthquake threats. \u003ca href=\"http://www.lamayor.org/earthquake\">Published this week\u003c/a>, the Task Force’s report “Resilience by Design” promises to set in motion a program of activities as momentous as anything in state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force started with the ShakeOut earthquake scenario, a scientific model that calculates as closely as possible what an earthquake the size of the one that struck San Francisco in 1906—a magnitude 7.8 event—would do if it hit Southern California today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There would be about 1800 deaths, which is a very small number compared to the 88,000 who died in 2008 in Chengdu, China (M 7.9) or the 200,000-plus in Haiti in 2010 (M 7.0). Good building codes have reduced the risk to lives in California. But the report also measures catastrophe in dollars and jobs and economic destruction: “$213 billion of economic losses across Southern California, consisting of: $47.7 billion due to shaking damage; $65 billion due to fire damage; $96.2 billion due to business interruption costs; and $4.3 billion due to traffic delays.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The task force’s major recommendations aim at the city’s weakest weak points: water, communications and buildings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>WATER:\u003c/b> The report estimates that 1600 fires would start after its scenario earthquake. The aqueducts that carry water to Los Angeles cross the San Andreas fault in no less than 32 places. Getting them flowing again would take at least a year. Naturally the report recommends fortifying them all. And backup water sources, ranging from recycling and rainwater capture to refurbishing the San Fernando Valley’s groundwater basin, have valuable parts to play. Because firefighting doesn’t need drinking-quality water, alternative supplies for that purpose can help spare the best water for other purposes, like drinking and making a living.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>COMMUNICATIONS:\u003c/b> Our lives rely on television, radio, phones, data connections. The electric power grid also crosses the San Andreas (as do the gas lines that support generators), and it’s run by a crazy-quilt of agencies. The report recommends that the city join those agencies in a consortium to work out plans in advance for broken power lines and cascading failures across the grid. Cellular towers need to be fortified as opportunities come up. And as a backup to everything, there should be a citywide, solar-powered Wi-Fi system (which would piggyback on the upcoming \u003ca href=\"http://ita.lacity.org/ForResidents/CommunityBroadband/LACBNProject/index.htm\">Los Angeles Community Broadbank Network\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>BUILDINGS:\u003c/b> Because “no building code in the world is retroactive,” the report says that the greatest losses would come from two classes of structures built before 1980 under old building codes: about 16,000 “soft-story” buildings and about 1400 “non-ductile” reinforced concrete buildings. Soft-story buildings are wood-frame structures with big open spaces (usually parking or shops) on their ground floors. Apartments in these buildings are subject to rent stabilization, and they house a sizeable population. Pre-1980 concrete buildings, which aren’t tied together with enough steel to withstand strong shaking, are described in the report as “among the deadliest buildings in earthquakes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All Angelenos, collectively, should care about these buildings because each one that fails can get the whole neighborhood red-tagged, sometimes for weeks. And retrofitting them for greater strength is a well-known procedure. The report contains suggested legislation that would require the owners of soft-story buildings to document them (by reporting that they have or haven’t been fixed) within 1 year and fix them within 5 years, and that concrete buildings be documented within 5 years and fixed within 25 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Somehow we must encourage the owners of these and other building types to keep improving them beyond the minimum. The report recommends a \u003ca href=\"http://www.usrc.org/rating-definitions\">proposed five-star rating system\u003c/a> to clarify everyone’s understanding. One-star buildings would be deadly; three-star buildings meet code and would not kill you, although they may well be a total loss anyway; and five-star buildings have the most advanced designs and would likely stay usable. Such a “safety star” rating should become as widely known as the LEED “green building” ratings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The steps recommended for water and communications are no surprise. They’ll be expensive, but they’re good subjects for bonds and federal funding, and the work can be done with expertise and oversight. However, the recommendations for buildings will touch the general public, and the necessary costs will surely concern different parties. Can landlords make their tenants pay for the retrofits? Will businesses pay higher rents for stronger buildings? There will be efforts to issue bonds and proposals to extend loans. Settling these matters in ways everyone can accept is what politics is for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will help to remember what’s at stake. Recall what happened to New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina, its “big one,” in 2005. Not only did it take an immediate $100 billion hit in damages, but over 200,000 residents moved away and haven’t come back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_24879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-24879\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/12/Image1.png\" alt=\"New Orleans after Katrina\" width=\"600\" height=\"404\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lucy Jones uses this graph in her talks to show that natural disasters can cripple a great city for decades. Unlike Nashville, a city of comparable economic strength, New Orleans has fallen and is still struggling to get up. The international insurer Swiss Re has estimated that Los Angeles presents a colossal risk of catastrophic losses from earthquakes, surpassed only by Tokyo, Manila and Jakarta. (USGS)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now consider Los Angeles, many times larger—can we risk such a fate for America’s second largest city? Recall what happened to San Francisco in 1906, at the time America’s sixth-largest city—the effects of its “big one” led directly to the nationwide recession and financial crisis of 1907.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program laid out in “Resilience by Design” is aimed at building resilience—flexible strength—against those kinds of threats. The report is the first step in “a new proactive science-based approach toward resilience” and will get close attention in Northern California, in Sacramento, and (one hopes) in Washington, D.C.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles is part of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.100resilientcities.org/\">100 Resilient Cities project\u003c/a>. So are \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/2013/12/05/four-bay-area-cities-selected-as-future-models-of-resilience/\">San Francisco, Oakland and Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "L.A. Ducks Drought by Saving up Water for a Dry Day",
"headTitle": "L.A. Ducks Drought by Saving up Water for a Dry Day | KQED",
"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13962\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13962\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DVL-Westdam.jpg\" alt=\"The west dam at Diamond Valley Lake. (Lvi56/Wikimedia)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The west dam at Diamond Valley Lake. (Lvi56/Wikimedia)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>by Steven Cuevas, Los Angeles Bureau Chief, The California Report\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s severe water shortage has certainly left no drought of ideas for how to address it—from lawmakers floating a host of water bills, to Governor Jerry Brown calling on residents to curb usage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Southern California, there’s no imminent threat of water rationing. In fact, the region may be in a position to help other water-starved parts of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”9be5708c07ca6373412a0216a70bd208″]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main supplier of water for 26 Southland cities—from Los Angeles to the Inland Empire—is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mwdh2o.com/index.htm\">Metropolitan Water District\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We supply water to 19-million residents of Southern California, basically one out of every two Californians,” says MWD director Jeff Kightlinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2009, the agency has invested $3 billion in water storage and recycling projects. So even though the MWD still draws more than half its supply from outside sources like the Colorado River Aqueduct and the State Water Project, the agency has built up reserves that could last through 2016 and allow it to avoid rationing this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent news conference at MWD headquarters in L.A., Kightlinger said it’s possible the agency might actually be able give up a portion of its Colorado River water to Northern California. State officials have identified communities in ten counties that could run out of water within the next few months. The MWD did something similar in 1977, the year that was the benchmark for bad droughts in California—until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, says Kightlinger, the MWD was able to jury-rig part of the Colorado River Aqueduct to divert water to Northern California communities. And right now, there aren’t many more sources of water the MWD could share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This situation is so severe we don’t even have supplies up in Northern California that we could exchange,” says Kightlinger. “That situation could change. We will look at all available tools to work with the rest of the state in response to this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’ve had 30 year droughts in Southern California so that’s kind of the benchmark we should be shooting for.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Working collaboratively on a drought response is a message Governor Jerry Brown stressed at a meeting with water officials in L.A. last week, along with doling out some tried-and-true practical advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t flush more than you have to, don’t shower longer than you need to and turn the water off when you’re shaving or brushing your teeth,” the Governor said. “Every day this drought goes on we’re going to have to tighten the screws on what people are doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown is also touting his administration’s five-year State Water Action Plan. It earmarks nearly $620-million for expanded storage, more efficient groundwater management, recycling and other actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These strategies have been central to Southern California water planning for years, aimed at reducing reliance on imported water from the Colorado, the Owens Valley and other sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those efforts also include large-scale wastewater recycling partnerships between local water agencies and big industrial and commercial water consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron Wildermuth is head of governmental affairs at the West Basin Municipal Water District, which operates the Edward Little Water Recycling Facility in El Segundo, just south of Santa Monica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born from the drought of the late 1980’s, the facility recycles about 40-million gallons of wastewater a day, much of which is used in oil production at refineries that ring Santa Monica Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, they’ve spent $5 billion in the last two decades investing in storage and helping local projects like ours, so that we’re surviving this drought without restrictions right now,” said Wildermuth during a recent tour of the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildermuth says it’s great when the Governor calls on residents to flush less and take shorter showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we’ve had 30-year droughts in Southern California so that’s kind of the benchmark we should be shooting for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says there should be even more emphasis on plans for long-term water storage and more ambitious goals for wastewater treatment and recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the rainless clouds above California have a silver lining says Wildermuth, it’s that times of drought can also be used to spur lawmakers and other decision makers into pumping even more into California’s water management future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of water professionals who believe we should take advantage of the drought to remind people that the golden era of water when you could have as much as you want for any purpose at a cheap price is ending.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that everyone across the state is facing a future of water scarcity, where better management and greater collaboration are critical.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13962\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13962\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2014/02/DVL-Westdam.jpg\" alt=\"The west dam at Diamond Valley Lake. (Lvi56/Wikimedia)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The west dam at Diamond Valley Lake. (Lvi56/Wikimedia)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>by Steven Cuevas, Los Angeles Bureau Chief, The California Report\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s severe water shortage has certainly left no drought of ideas for how to address it—from lawmakers floating a host of water bills, to Governor Jerry Brown calling on residents to curb usage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in Southern California, there’s no imminent threat of water rationing. In fact, the region may be in a position to help other water-starved parts of the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The main supplier of water for 26 Southland cities—from Los Angeles to the Inland Empire—is the \u003ca href=\"http://www.mwdh2o.com/index.htm\">Metropolitan Water District\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We supply water to 19-million residents of Southern California, basically one out of every two Californians,” says MWD director Jeff Kightlinger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2009, the agency has invested $3 billion in water storage and recycling projects. So even though the MWD still draws more than half its supply from outside sources like the Colorado River Aqueduct and the State Water Project, the agency has built up reserves that could last through 2016 and allow it to avoid rationing this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a recent news conference at MWD headquarters in L.A., Kightlinger said it’s possible the agency might actually be able give up a portion of its Colorado River water to Northern California. State officials have identified communities in ten counties that could run out of water within the next few months. The MWD did something similar in 1977, the year that was the benchmark for bad droughts in California—until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, says Kightlinger, the MWD was able to jury-rig part of the Colorado River Aqueduct to divert water to Northern California communities. And right now, there aren’t many more sources of water the MWD could share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This situation is so severe we don’t even have supplies up in Northern California that we could exchange,” says Kightlinger. “That situation could change. We will look at all available tools to work with the rest of the state in response to this.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignleft\">‘We’ve had 30 year droughts in Southern California so that’s kind of the benchmark we should be shooting for.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Working collaboratively on a drought response is a message Governor Jerry Brown stressed at a meeting with water officials in L.A. last week, along with doling out some tried-and-true practical advice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Don’t flush more than you have to, don’t shower longer than you need to and turn the water off when you’re shaving or brushing your teeth,” the Governor said. “Every day this drought goes on we’re going to have to tighten the screws on what people are doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brown is also touting his administration’s five-year State Water Action Plan. It earmarks nearly $620-million for expanded storage, more efficient groundwater management, recycling and other actions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These strategies have been central to Southern California water planning for years, aimed at reducing reliance on imported water from the Colorado, the Owens Valley and other sources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those efforts also include large-scale wastewater recycling partnerships between local water agencies and big industrial and commercial water consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron Wildermuth is head of governmental affairs at the West Basin Municipal Water District, which operates the Edward Little Water Recycling Facility in El Segundo, just south of Santa Monica.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born from the drought of the late 1980’s, the facility recycles about 40-million gallons of wastewater a day, much of which is used in oil production at refineries that ring Santa Monica Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, they’ve spent $5 billion in the last two decades investing in storage and helping local projects like ours, so that we’re surviving this drought without restrictions right now,” said Wildermuth during a recent tour of the facility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildermuth says it’s great when the Governor calls on residents to flush less and take shorter showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But we’ve had 30-year droughts in Southern California so that’s kind of the benchmark we should be shooting for.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says there should be even more emphasis on plans for long-term water storage and more ambitious goals for wastewater treatment and recycling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the rainless clouds above California have a silver lining says Wildermuth, it’s that times of drought can also be used to spur lawmakers and other decision makers into pumping even more into California’s water management future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of water professionals who believe we should take advantage of the drought to remind people that the golden era of water when you could have as much as you want for any purpose at a cheap price is ending.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that everyone across the state is facing a future of water scarcity, where better management and greater collaboration are critical.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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