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"content": "\u003cp>In the wee hours of Tuesday, residents in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> will be able to witness a spectacular total lunar eclipse — often called a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1979293/how-to-see-sundays-blood-moon-total-lunar-eclipse-in-the-bay-area\">blood moon\u003c/a>,” due to its deep red hue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This celestial event happens when the Earth moves directly between the sun and the moon, casting a shadow that darkens the moon and turns it a striking shade of red during totality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And unlike solar eclipses, you can enjoy the lunar eclipse with the naked eye: no protective viewing glasses required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Total eclipses of the moon are very democratic,” Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute, told KQED by email — calling them “easy to spot, perfectly safe to look at, and not requiring any special equipment to see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lunar eclipse is visible to anyone on the night side of Earth. In contrast, total solar eclipses are only visible along a narrow path of totality — sometimes just a few hundred miles wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What time can I see the ‘blood moon’ eclipse in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As long as you’re somewhere where you have a clear view of the moon, the upcoming total lunar eclipse will be fully visible across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974878\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1974878\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-1020x767.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-768x578.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0.jpg 1041w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon passes through Earth’s shadow, either partly (partial lunar eclipse) or completely (total lunar eclipse). \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It will begin at around 1:50 a.m. PST on March 3, and totality will occur at 3:04 a.m. The maximum eclipse — when the moon will be its reddest — will occur at 3:33 a.m. and last for about 30 minutes into the early hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the moon moves slowly through the Earth’s shadow, we first see only part of the moon darkening,” Fraknoi said of the partial eclipse. “But then, as the moon moves fully into the Earth’s shadow, we see its entire disk of the moon become dark and reddish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that the best blood moon views occur between 3:04 a.m. and 4 a.m. After that, the moon will wrap up shortly before 5 a.m., when it exits Earth’s shadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unfortunate thing is that all the time zones will see the eclipse in the ‘middle of the night,’ which might lead to some very tired coworkers or students coming in the next morning,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why does the blood moon turn red?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During totality, the moon glows red because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/Rayleigh-scattering\">Rayleigh scattering\u003c/a>: the same phenomenon that makes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979339/bay-areas-best-sunset-hikes-now-that-your-days-are-longer\">sunsets appear orange and red\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As sunlight passes through Earth’s atmosphere, it filters out blue light and bends red light toward the moon, giving it that signature “blood” color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974930\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974930 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/gettyimages-1320114503-edit_custom-63e217de7deac979bc52d395a91abf794642f9d6-1-scaled-e1772044944450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A surfer rides a wave as a super blood moon rises above the horizon at Manly Beach on May 26, 2021, in Sydney, Australia. \u003ccite>(Cameron Spencer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The exact shade of red depends on atmospheric conditions like dust, pollution and volcanic activity elsewhere, which can intensify the red hue, Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Astronomers have been able to predict lunar eclipses centuries — even millennia — in advance using precise models of the Earth-moon system. Ancient skywatchers tracked repeating eclipse patterns known as the \u003ca href=\"https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros.html\">Saros cycle\u003c/a>, which recurs roughly every 18 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, space agencies use detailed orbital calculations to forecast eclipses down to the minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Total eclipses of the moon are very democratic,” Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute, told KQED by email — calling them “easy to spot, perfectly safe to look at, and not requiring any special equipment to see.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A lunar eclipse is visible to anyone on the night side of Earth. In contrast, total solar eclipses are only visible along a narrow path of totality — sometimes just a few hundred miles wide.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What time can I see the ‘blood moon’ eclipse in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As long as you’re somewhere where you have a clear view of the moon, the upcoming total lunar eclipse will be fully visible across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974878\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-1974878\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-800x602.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"602\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-800x602.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-1020x767.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0-768x578.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/lunar-eclipse-diagram_0.jpg 1041w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A lunar eclipse occurs when the moon passes through Earth’s shadow, either partly (partial lunar eclipse) or completely (total lunar eclipse). \u003ccite>(NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It will begin at around 1:50 a.m. PST on March 3, and totality will occur at 3:04 a.m. The maximum eclipse — when the moon will be its reddest — will occur at 3:33 a.m. and last for about 30 minutes into the early hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the moon moves slowly through the Earth’s shadow, we first see only part of the moon darkening,” Fraknoi said of the partial eclipse. “But then, as the moon moves fully into the Earth’s shadow, we see its entire disk of the moon become dark and reddish.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This means that the best blood moon views occur between 3:04 a.m. and 4 a.m. After that, the moon will wrap up shortly before 5 a.m., when it exits Earth’s shadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unfortunate thing is that all the time zones will see the eclipse in the ‘middle of the night,’ which might lead to some very tired coworkers or students coming in the next morning,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why does the blood moon turn red?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During totality, the moon glows red because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.britannica.com/science/Rayleigh-scattering\">Rayleigh scattering\u003c/a>: the same phenomenon that makes \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11979339/bay-areas-best-sunset-hikes-now-that-your-days-are-longer\">sunsets appear orange and red\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As sunlight passes through Earth’s atmosphere, it filters out blue light and bends red light toward the moon, giving it that signature “blood” color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1974930\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1974930 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2021/05/gettyimages-1320114503-edit_custom-63e217de7deac979bc52d395a91abf794642f9d6-1-scaled-e1772044944450.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1332\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A surfer rides a wave as a super blood moon rises above the horizon at Manly Beach on May 26, 2021, in Sydney, Australia. \u003ccite>(Cameron Spencer/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The exact shade of red depends on atmospheric conditions like dust, pollution and volcanic activity elsewhere, which can intensify the red hue, Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Astronomers have been able to predict lunar eclipses centuries — even millennia — in advance using precise models of the Earth-moon system. Ancient skywatchers tracked repeating eclipse patterns known as the \u003ca href=\"https://eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov/SEsaros/SEsaros.html\">Saros cycle\u003c/a>, which recurs roughly every 18 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, space agencies use detailed orbital calculations to forecast eclipses down to the minute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Winter Night Out Idea: See Classic Sci-Fi Films in a Planetarium",
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"content": "\u003cp>This winter, Oakland’s Chabot Space & Science Center is screening three iconic science fiction movies — projected in their 70-foot hilltop planetarium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sci-Fi Nights, Chabot’s 18+ film series, will present cult classics \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-blade-runner/\">\u003cem>Blade Runner\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (Jan. 23), \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-the-fifth-element/\">\u003cem>The Fifth Element\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (Feb. 14) and \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-alien/\">\u003cem>Alien\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (March 19) alongside themed cocktails and a nightly raffle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot’s Valentine’s Day planetarium screening of \u003cem>The Fifth Element\u003c/em> will also, apparently, feature a pre-show performance by opera singer Olivia Genevieve in character as “Diva Plavalaguna.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot’s Observation Deck will be open and accessible each of these nights from 7:30 p.m.-10:30 p.m. for the center’s\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/programs/free-telescope-viewings/\"> Free Public Telescope Viewings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/visit/exhibits/the-nasa-experience/\">The NASA Ames Visitor Center\u003c/a> here — the East Bay outpost of Mountain View’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/ames/\">NASA Ames Research Center \u003c/a>— will also stay open late for movie attendees to explore.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XnTE2h0ZY74\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 18+ movie program “was born from a desire to offer something fun just for our adult audiences,” said Lillith Era, Chabot’s Lead Public Programs Developer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you’re on a date night or out with friends, it’s a unique way to experience these films in our state-of-the-art planetarium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot’s \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/programs/events-listing/\">winter and spring calendar\u003c/a> features more programs for younger visitors, though, from night-sky viewing events and celestial watch parties to photography workshops with guidance on capturing the stars and a rotating schedule of all-ages planetarium shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sci-Fi Nights at Chabot Space & Science Center\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-blade-runner/\">Blade Runner\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (1982)\u003cbr>\n7 p.m. on Friday, Jan. 23\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-the-fifth-element/\">\u003cem>The Fifth Element\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1997)\u003cbr>\n7:30 p.m. on Saturday, Feb. 14\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-alien/\">Alien\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (1979)\u003cbr>\n7 p.m. on Thursday, March 19\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tickets to all screenings are $15 ($5 for Chabot members). \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/programs/events-listing/\">More details about Chabot’s winter and spring programs can be found on their site. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">Carly Severn\u003c/a> contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This winter, Oakland’s Chabot Space & Science Center is screening three iconic science fiction movies — projected in their 70-foot hilltop planetarium.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sci-Fi Nights, Chabot’s 18+ film series, will present cult classics \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-blade-runner/\">\u003cem>Blade Runner\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (Jan. 23), \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-the-fifth-element/\">\u003cem>The Fifth Element\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (Feb. 14) and \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-alien/\">\u003cem>Alien\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (March 19) alongside themed cocktails and a nightly raffle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot’s Valentine’s Day planetarium screening of \u003cem>The Fifth Element\u003c/em> will also, apparently, feature a pre-show performance by opera singer Olivia Genevieve in character as “Diva Plavalaguna.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot’s Observation Deck will be open and accessible each of these nights from 7:30 p.m.-10:30 p.m. for the center’s\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/programs/free-telescope-viewings/\"> Free Public Telescope Viewings\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/visit/exhibits/the-nasa-experience/\">The NASA Ames Visitor Center\u003c/a> here — the East Bay outpost of Mountain View’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.nasa.gov/ames/\">NASA Ames Research Center \u003c/a>— will also stay open late for movie attendees to explore.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/XnTE2h0ZY74'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/XnTE2h0ZY74'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The 18+ movie program “was born from a desire to offer something fun just for our adult audiences,” said Lillith Era, Chabot’s Lead Public Programs Developer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether you’re on a date night or out with friends, it’s a unique way to experience these films in our state-of-the-art planetarium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chabot’s \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/programs/events-listing/\">winter and spring calendar\u003c/a> features more programs for younger visitors, though, from night-sky viewing events and celestial watch parties to photography workshops with guidance on capturing the stars and a rotating schedule of all-ages planetarium shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sci-Fi Nights at Chabot Space & Science Center\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-blade-runner/\">Blade Runner\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (1982)\u003cbr>\n7 p.m. on Friday, Jan. 23\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-the-fifth-element/\">\u003cem>The Fifth Element\u003c/em>\u003c/a> (1997)\u003cbr>\n7:30 p.m. on Saturday, Feb. 14\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/sci-fi-night-alien/\">Alien\u003c/a>\u003c/em> (1979)\u003cbr>\n7 p.m. on Thursday, March 19\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tickets to all screenings are $15 ($5 for Chabot members). \u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/programs/events-listing/\">More details about Chabot’s winter and spring programs can be found on their site. \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">Carly Severn\u003c/a> contributed reporting to this story.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "historic-lick-observatory-faces-long-road-to-recovery-after-christmas-storm",
"title": "Historic Lick Observatory Faces Long Road to Recovery After Christmas Storm",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Christmas storm that pummeled the Bay Area also badly damaged the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997157/this-south-bay-observatory-has-been-watching-the-stars-for-over-a-century\">South Bay’s Lick Observatory\u003c/a>, causing the worst destruction the beloved scientific institution has experienced in more than a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The powerful winter storm tore across Mount Hamilton in the early hours of Dec. 25, with steady winds reaching 100 mph and gusting up to 114 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/gifts/update-on-storm-damage-at-lick-observatory/\">force ripped half the shutter off\u003c/a> the dome of \u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/explore/36-inch-lick-refractor/\">Lick Observatory’s Great Refractor\u003c/a> — a 140-year-old telescope that was once the most powerful in the world and remains the heart of the observatory’s public outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 2- to 3-ton metal shutter was torn free, it crashed onto the roof of the main building, crushing support beams and leaving the telescope’s precision lenses and electrical systems exposed to rain and wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruce Macintosh, director of the University of California Observatories, said that the impact was so intense it registered on the observatory’s seismograph, allowing staff to pinpoint the exact moment the shutter fell: 3:16 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, no one was hurt. Many staff who live on the mountain were off duty, and the building was empty at the time. While the historic refractor appears structurally intact, heavy rain pelted it for hours before crews could put emergency protections in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999757\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999757\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The force ripped half the shutter off the dome of Lick Observatory’s Great Refractor — a 140-year-old telescope that was once the most powerful in the world. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of University of California Observatories)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The storm did not affect Lick’s research telescopes, located about a mile away on the other side of the mountain, and scientists were able to resume observations within days. But the damage effectively shut down the observatory’s public education and outreach programs, a core part of Lick’s mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the storm’s aftermath, staff moved quickly despite dangerous conditions, Macintosh said, describing their response as “heroic.” The observatory’s new superintendent, Jamie Erickson, who lives on Mount Hamilton with his family, joined other staff members Christmas morning to wrap the telescope in plastic tarp and shovel water out of the dome. Their efforts limited further damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds subsided by Dec. 27, the observatory brought in a crane to remove the fallen shutter. Contractors patched holes in the roof of the main building. They constructed a temporary wooden-and-plastic structure inside the dome to divert rainwater from the historic wooden floor below. The next critical step — sealing the open gap in the dome — has not yet been completed and will require several consecutive days without rain or high winds.[aside postID=science_1999608 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/11/bristlecone-pine-cone-juvenile-1440x810.jpg']The road to recovery remains uncertain. “We don’t know if the piece that landed on the roof is bent too badly to be reused,” Macintosh said. If a new shutter must be built, repairs could take nine months or more, likely extending into next summer. Insurance will cover part of the cost, but the observatory is also seeking donations and volunteer support to help sustain programs and staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Restoring the dome will be a long process, measured in months, not weeks. But we know why this work matters, and we are committed to bringing people back to the experience of awe that the Great Refractor has inspired for generations,” said Matthew Shetone, deputy director of the University of California Observatories, i\u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/gifts/update-on-storm-damage-at-lick-observatory/\">n a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2026 marks the 150th anniversary of Lick Observatory’s founding — a milestone that was supposed to be celebrated with expanded public events. Instead, staff are reimagining outreach through temporary exhibits, portable telescopes and possible programs off the mountain, while continuing to push forward with cutting-edge research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many in the Bay Area, Lick Observatory is deeply treasured. It’s a place where generations have viewed the wonders of the night sky through historic lenses, “something they’ve only ever seen in books before, like moons of Jupiter or the rings of Saturn or clusters of stars,” Macintosh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997154\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 36-inch Great Lick Refractor at the Lick Observatory in Mount Hamilton on May 30, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Community members have flooded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top?q=lick%20observatory\">observatory’s Facebook page\u003c/a> with memories of star parties, lectures and winter drives up Mount Hamilton. “My family and I have many great memories of looking through the telescopes, lectures and concerts at Lick,” David Woodard wrote. “So sorry this happened. Glad to hear repairs are underway. The observatory is special to so many of us,” wrote another commentator, Michelle Kaye Fitzgerald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That connection is what makes the damage especially painful for those who work there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sharing the wonders of the universe with the public is really a lot of what keeps us going,” Macintosh said. “The fact that our unique capability to do that has been damaged is just very hard to wake up in the morning and cope with. But we’re going to fix it one way or another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lick Observatory remains closed until further notice. Check their \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/\">\u003cem>website\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for the latest updates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": " A powerful winter storm damaged Lick Observatory’s Great Refractor telescope, forcing an indefinite closure as crews work to save a piece of scientific history. ",
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"title": "Historic Lick Observatory Faces Long Road to Recovery After Christmas Storm | KQED",
"description": " A powerful winter storm damaged Lick Observatory’s Great Refractor telescope, forcing an indefinite closure as crews work to save a piece of scientific history. ",
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"headline": "Historic Lick Observatory Faces Long Road to Recovery After Christmas Storm",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Christmas storm that pummeled the Bay Area also badly damaged the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997157/this-south-bay-observatory-has-been-watching-the-stars-for-over-a-century\">South Bay’s Lick Observatory\u003c/a>, causing the worst destruction the beloved scientific institution has experienced in more than a century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The powerful winter storm tore across Mount Hamilton in the early hours of Dec. 25, with steady winds reaching 100 mph and gusting up to 114 mph.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/gifts/update-on-storm-damage-at-lick-observatory/\">force ripped half the shutter off\u003c/a> the dome of \u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/explore/36-inch-lick-refractor/\">Lick Observatory’s Great Refractor\u003c/a> — a 140-year-old telescope that was once the most powerful in the world and remains the heart of the observatory’s public outreach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the 2- to 3-ton metal shutter was torn free, it crashed onto the roof of the main building, crushing support beams and leaving the telescope’s precision lenses and electrical systems exposed to rain and wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bruce Macintosh, director of the University of California Observatories, said that the impact was so intense it registered on the observatory’s seismograph, allowing staff to pinpoint the exact moment the shutter fell: 3:16 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thankfully, no one was hurt. Many staff who live on the mountain were off duty, and the building was empty at the time. While the historic refractor appears structurally intact, heavy rain pelted it for hours before crews could put emergency protections in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1999757\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1999757\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2026/01/Lick-damage-3-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The force ripped half the shutter off the dome of Lick Observatory’s Great Refractor — a 140-year-old telescope that was once the most powerful in the world. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of University of California Observatories)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The storm did not affect Lick’s research telescopes, located about a mile away on the other side of the mountain, and scientists were able to resume observations within days. But the damage effectively shut down the observatory’s public education and outreach programs, a core part of Lick’s mission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the storm’s aftermath, staff moved quickly despite dangerous conditions, Macintosh said, describing their response as “heroic.” The observatory’s new superintendent, Jamie Erickson, who lives on Mount Hamilton with his family, joined other staff members Christmas morning to wrap the telescope in plastic tarp and shovel water out of the dome. Their efforts limited further damage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winds subsided by Dec. 27, the observatory brought in a crane to remove the fallen shutter. Contractors patched holes in the roof of the main building. They constructed a temporary wooden-and-plastic structure inside the dome to divert rainwater from the historic wooden floor below. The next critical step — sealing the open gap in the dome — has not yet been completed and will require several consecutive days without rain or high winds.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The road to recovery remains uncertain. “We don’t know if the piece that landed on the roof is bent too badly to be reused,” Macintosh said. If a new shutter must be built, repairs could take nine months or more, likely extending into next summer. Insurance will cover part of the cost, but the observatory is also seeking donations and volunteer support to help sustain programs and staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Restoring the dome will be a long process, measured in months, not weeks. But we know why this work matters, and we are committed to bringing people back to the experience of awe that the Great Refractor has inspired for generations,” said Matthew Shetone, deputy director of the University of California Observatories, i\u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/gifts/update-on-storm-damage-at-lick-observatory/\">n a statement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2026 marks the 150th anniversary of Lick Observatory’s founding — a milestone that was supposed to be celebrated with expanded public events. Instead, staff are reimagining outreach through temporary exhibits, portable telescopes and possible programs off the mountain, while continuing to push forward with cutting-edge research.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many in the Bay Area, Lick Observatory is deeply treasured. It’s a place where generations have viewed the wonders of the night sky through historic lenses, “something they’ve only ever seen in books before, like moons of Jupiter or the rings of Saturn or clusters of stars,” Macintosh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997154\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/20250530_SouthBayObservatory_GC-4_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The 36-inch Great Lick Refractor at the Lick Observatory in Mount Hamilton on May 30, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Community members have flooded the \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/search/top?q=lick%20observatory\">observatory’s Facebook page\u003c/a> with memories of star parties, lectures and winter drives up Mount Hamilton. “My family and I have many great memories of looking through the telescopes, lectures and concerts at Lick,” David Woodard wrote. “So sorry this happened. Glad to hear repairs are underway. The observatory is special to so many of us,” wrote another commentator, Michelle Kaye Fitzgerald.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That connection is what makes the damage especially painful for those who work there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sharing the wonders of the universe with the public is really a lot of what keeps us going,” Macintosh said. “The fact that our unique capability to do that has been damaged is just very hard to wake up in the morning and cope with. But we’re going to fix it one way or another.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Lick Observatory remains closed until further notice. Check their \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lickobservatory.org/\">\u003cem>website\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> for the latest updates.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "meteor-showers-massive-moons-and-more-winter-astronomy-events-to-look-up-for",
"title": "Meteor Showers, Massive Moons and More: Winter Astronomy Events to Look Up for",
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"headTitle": "Meteor Showers, Massive Moons and More: Winter Astronomy Events to Look Up for | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A bright full moon. One of the year’s best meteor showers. Even a chance to see \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/jupiter\">Jupiter\u003c/a> at its most striking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter 2025–26 will bring a range of exciting space events for skygazers to enjoy, starting this week. Keep reading for what to mark on your calendar as the nights grow long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A full moon at its closest point to Earth\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>December opens this week with a full moon, \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiecartereurope/2025/11/29/full-moon-december-2025-exactly-when-to-see-a-cold-supermoon-rise/\">dubbed the “Cold Moon,” \u003c/a>that also happens to be near perigee: the point in the moon’s elliptical orbit when it’s closest to Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That proximity on Dec. 4 makes the moon appear slightly larger and brighter. But should we be \u003ca href=\"https://www.popsci.com/science/stargazing-guide-december-2025/\">calling it a “supermoon” too\u003c/a>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Day to night timelapse timeslice San Franciso panorama with full moon\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Day-to-night time-lapse panorama of downtown San Francisco with full moon. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“That’s a very misleading term,” said Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute — one of the astronomers who rolls their eyes at this particular label.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is because the average stargazer “cannot tell the difference between full moons that are regular or super: a complaint people sometimes have about cheap burger places, too,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, whatever you want to call this event, this week brings a good excuse to appreciate our nearest celestial neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Geminids meteor shower, with a moon-free show\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Dec. 13–14\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Geminids meteor shower is considered one of the most reliable meteor displays of the year — and sometimes, it’s the most spectacular, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This winter, conditions are nearly perfect to view the Geminids, since the shower peaks overnight around midnight on Dec. 13 and 14, but the moon won’t rise until around 2 a.m., according to the American Meteor Society. That means the skies will be wonderfully dark during the evening and just past midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1951367\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1951367\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Long exposure of the sky taken during a past Geminids meteor shower. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Asim Patel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Geminids are fragments shed from an asteroid-like object called 3200 Phaeton, which often produces bright, colorful meteors. And with the peak happening on a weekend this year, families can bundle up, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997977/how-to-see-the-perseid-meteor-shower-in-the-bay-area\">find a dark spot away from city lights\u003c/a> and look up without worrying about school the next morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason to stay up for the Geminids: The next major meteor shower, the Quandratids on Jan 3–4, are predicted to be largely washed out by a full moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The winter solstice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Dec. 21\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This one may be less something to “see,” but the solstice is still a momentous milestone for winter: marking the shortest day and longest night of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2120px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995310\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2120\" height=\"1414\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899.jpg 2120w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2120px) 100vw, 2120px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teenage girl uses the astronomy telescope to observe the stars on a cold winter night. \u003ccite>(Imgorthand/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Astronomers believe that billions of years ago, Earth collided with a mini planet called Theia, which caused our planet to tilt by 23 degrees — giving our globe its seasons. “The Earth was in a traffic accident and has never been able to straighten out,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Dec. 21, daylight slowly begins its long climb back toward summer — good news for anyone who doesn’t enjoy the deep, dark nights of winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Earth at perihelion\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Jan. 3\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Day 3 of 2026, at around 9:15 a.m. PST, our planet will be at “perihelion” — that is, at its closest to the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To many who aren’t on the lookout, the sun may just look the same as any other day. But it will actually appear slightly larger than any other day in the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fun fact: At perihelion, the Earth receives 7% more solar energy than when the planet is at its furthest from the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Jupiter at opposition\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Throughout January 2026\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after the New Year holidays, Jupiter reaches opposition — the moment when the giant planet sits directly opposite the sun in our sky. As the sun sets, Jupiter rises and stays visible all night long, making the planet exceptionally bright in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995309\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995309\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Juno mission captured this view of Jupiter’s southern hemisphere during the spacecraft’s 39th close flyby of the planet on Jan. 12, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since Jupiter reflects sunlight well, “it will be a brilliant point in the sky, easy to find with the naked eye,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with a small telescope, you can even try to spot Jupiter’s moons. “Galileo’s first small telescope revealed four big moons orbiting Jupiter, forever destroying the notion that everything has to go around the Earth,” Fraknoi said. And this winter, these moons will be widely spaced and easy for you to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "As the night grows long and the winter solstice approaches, there’s a host of astronomical events to watch out for, including a particularly striking meteor shower. ",
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"title": "Meteor Showers, Massive Moons and More: Winter Astronomy Events to Look Up for | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A bright full moon. One of the year’s best meteor showers. Even a chance to see \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/jupiter\">Jupiter\u003c/a> at its most striking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winter 2025–26 will bring a range of exciting space events for skygazers to enjoy, starting this week. Keep reading for what to mark on your calendar as the nights grow long.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A full moon at its closest point to Earth\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Thursday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>December opens this week with a full moon, \u003ca href=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiecartereurope/2025/11/29/full-moon-december-2025-exactly-when-to-see-a-cold-supermoon-rise/\">dubbed the “Cold Moon,” \u003c/a>that also happens to be near perigee: the point in the moon’s elliptical orbit when it’s closest to Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That proximity on Dec. 4 makes the moon appear slightly larger and brighter. But should we be \u003ca href=\"https://www.popsci.com/science/stargazing-guide-december-2025/\">calling it a “supermoon” too\u003c/a>?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1978806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1978806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Day to night timelapse timeslice San Franciso panorama with full moon\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2022/03/RS54464_iStock-685789992-qut-1536x864.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Day-to-night time-lapse panorama of downtown San Francisco with full moon. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“That’s a very misleading term,” said Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute — one of the astronomers who rolls their eyes at this particular label.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is because the average stargazer “cannot tell the difference between full moons that are regular or super: a complaint people sometimes have about cheap burger places, too,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, whatever you want to call this event, this week brings a good excuse to appreciate our nearest celestial neighbor.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Geminids meteor shower, with a moon-free show\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Dec. 13–14\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Geminids meteor shower is considered one of the most reliable meteor displays of the year — and sometimes, it’s the most spectacular, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This winter, conditions are nearly perfect to view the Geminids, since the shower peaks overnight around midnight on Dec. 13 and 14, but the moon won’t rise until around 2 a.m., according to the American Meteor Society. That means the skies will be wonderfully dark during the evening and just past midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1951367\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1951367\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2019/12/AsimPatel-Geminids-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Long exposure of the sky taken during a past Geminids meteor shower. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Asim Patel)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Geminids are fragments shed from an asteroid-like object called 3200 Phaeton, which often produces bright, colorful meteors. And with the peak happening on a weekend this year, families can bundle up, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1997977/how-to-see-the-perseid-meteor-shower-in-the-bay-area\">find a dark spot away from city lights\u003c/a> and look up without worrying about school the next morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason to stay up for the Geminids: The next major meteor shower, the Quandratids on Jan 3–4, are predicted to be largely washed out by a full moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The winter solstice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Dec. 21\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This one may be less something to “see,” but the solstice is still a momentous milestone for winter: marking the shortest day and longest night of the year in the Northern Hemisphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2120px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995310\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2120\" height=\"1414\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899.jpg 2120w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/GettyImages-1356507899-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2120px) 100vw, 2120px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A teenage girl uses the astronomy telescope to observe the stars on a cold winter night. \u003ccite>(Imgorthand/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Astronomers believe that billions of years ago, Earth collided with a mini planet called Theia, which caused our planet to tilt by 23 degrees — giving our globe its seasons. “The Earth was in a traffic accident and has never been able to straighten out,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Dec. 21, daylight slowly begins its long climb back toward summer — good news for anyone who doesn’t enjoy the deep, dark nights of winter.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Earth at perihelion\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Jan. 3\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Day 3 of 2026, at around 9:15 a.m. PST, our planet will be at “perihelion” — that is, at its closest to the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To many who aren’t on the lookout, the sun may just look the same as any other day. But it will actually appear slightly larger than any other day in the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A fun fact: At perihelion, the Earth receives 7% more solar energy than when the planet is at its furthest from the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Jupiter at opposition\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>When to see: Throughout January 2026\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just after the New Year holidays, Jupiter reaches opposition — the moment when the giant planet sits directly opposite the sun in our sky. As the sun sets, Jupiter rises and stays visible all night long, making the planet exceptionally bright in January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1995309\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1995309\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-scaled.jpg 2560w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-1020x574.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-160x90.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-2048x1152.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/12/jpegPIA25014-1920x1080.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2560px) 100vw, 2560px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">NASA’s Juno mission captured this view of Jupiter’s southern hemisphere during the spacecraft’s 39th close flyby of the planet on Jan. 12, 2022. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Since Jupiter reflects sunlight well, “it will be a brilliant point in the sky, easy to find with the naked eye,” Fraknoi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And with a small telescope, you can even try to spot Jupiter’s moons. “Galileo’s first small telescope revealed four big moons orbiting Jupiter, forever destroying the notion that everything has to go around the Earth,” Fraknoi said. And this winter, these moons will be widely spaced and easy for you to see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-new-eye-on-earths-edge-uc-berkeley-guided-space-telescope-has-liftoff",
"title": "A New Eye on Earth's Edge: UC Berkeley-Guided Space Telescope Has Liftoff",
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"headTitle": "A New Eye on Earth’s Edge: UC Berkeley-Guided Space Telescope Has Liftoff | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>This week, a rocket lifted off from Florida’s Kennedy Space Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057720/nasa-mission-with-help-from-uc-berkeley-to-explore-earths-exosphere\">carrying a new space telescope\u003c/a> to its parking spot about 1 million miles from Earth, guided by mission operators at the Space Sciences Laboratory at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/uc-berkeley\">UC Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it reaches its permanent home, the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory will turn its eyes back to Earth to study the exosphere — the outermost layer of our atmosphere, where satellites orbit. Researchers hope that by better understanding how this region interacts with space weather from the Sun, they’ll be able to improve protections for satellites, which can be knocked offline by solar activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The telescope got a ride into space along with equipment for two other missions, each designed to study a different aspect of the Sun’s influence on our solar system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a visit to the Berkeley lab’s mission control room on Thursday, everything appeared calm and smooth as operators and technicians worked to bring the Carruthers systems online in a process known as “commissioning” the spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On large display screens, boxes of colors, text and graphs indicated the status of systems on the spacecraft with lots of green. That means all is well, said Abhi Tripathi, director of mission operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998642\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Engineers work in the Mission Operations Center at the Space Sciences Laboratory at UC Berkeley on Sept. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All the displays have been designed to get your attention the moment something is off,” he said of the graphical user interfaces, or GUIs (pronounced “gooeys”). “If something flashes red, we have to quickly diagnose what is the issue and then figure out what we want to do to get it back within limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operators were in the middle of a “pass,” a window of time during which NASA’s Deep Space Network allows for communication with the spacecraft. Mission operators send commands and receive data, images and navigation updates with the global network. On average, they get about two passes per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that day, Tripathi said, the room buzzed with activity when the spacecraft communicated in a slightly unexpected way. Fortunately, the team quickly resolved the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the biggest excitement of the week was the launch early Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The entire team in here came as early as 1:30 in the morning to watch the 4:30 a.m. launch,” Tripathi said. “The energy was high. I don’t think anyone had coffee. Everyone was working off of adrenaline.”[aside postID=news_12036237 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/JupiterGetty-1020x673.jpg']About an hour and a half after the launch, the spacecraft cleanly separated from the rocket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we gave a big round of applause, of course,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 30 minutes later, the team achieved what they call first contact — a nerve-wracking moment in any mission when they establish communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will the spacecraft respond? Is it still alive?” Tripathi said. “And it was. So we all finally exhaled. After that, we got down to business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operating a mission like Carruthers is a source of pride for the Berkeley lab, which has been home to four Nobel Prize winners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are maybe two universities in the country that can run a mission like this,” said Lindy Elkins-Tanton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssl.berkeley.edu/planetary-scientist-lindy-elkins-tanton-to-head-space-sciences-laboratory/\">newly installed director\u003c/a> of the lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our big strength over time has been space weather. What does the sun do to space?” she said. “What kind of radiation does it put out? How does it affect our Earth’s atmosphere? How does it interact with the magnetic field? Things that surprisingly we don’t understand even though they affect us every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers mission will continue the lab’s legacy in space weather research, but with a focus on a part of Earth’s atmosphere we haven’t seen clearly since Apollo 16. That mission, the fifth and one of the last to land on the Moon, carried a camera designed by NASA scientist George Carruthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998660\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998660\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"985\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">April 1972, Apollo 16 astronaut John Young on the surface of the Moon with George Carruthers’ gold-plated Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph, the first Moon-based observatory. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The camera, capable of capturing ultraviolet light, was placed in the shadow of the lunar module to block scattered light. From there, astronauts pointed it back toward Earth and captured the first — and so far only — images of the geocorona: a faint glow around Earth caused by the outermost reaches of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That imager was remarkable; it worked amazingly well,” said Thomas Immel, project scientist for the Carruthers observatory mission. “But it was just a snapshot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new mission will be able to capture what is going on, in incredible detail, over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upper atmosphere is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. These gases help shield Earth from solar storms, but scientists aren’t sure if they’re gradually being stripped away by the solar wind. It’s also unclear how this region interacts with ions and particles from the Sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, for instance, a solar storm destroyed about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/09/science/spacex-satellites-storm.html\">40 SpaceX satellites in orbit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent such losses in the future, scientists need a clearer picture of this barely understood region of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that’s exactly what we’re going to be looking at,” Elkins-Tanton said. “It’s really a blank spot in human knowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers team hopes to unveil the mission’s first images at the American Geophysical Union conference this winter in New Orleans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A UC Berkeley lab is controlling a NASA mission to study the farthest reaches of Earth’s atmosphere from afar using the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory.\r\n",
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"title": "A New Eye on Earth's Edge: UC Berkeley-Guided Space Telescope Has Liftoff | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This week, a rocket lifted off from Florida’s Kennedy Space Center \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057720/nasa-mission-with-help-from-uc-berkeley-to-explore-earths-exosphere\">carrying a new space telescope\u003c/a> to its parking spot about 1 million miles from Earth, guided by mission operators at the Space Sciences Laboratory at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/uc-berkeley\">UC Berkeley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once it reaches its permanent home, the Carruthers Geocorona Observatory will turn its eyes back to Earth to study the exosphere — the outermost layer of our atmosphere, where satellites orbit. Researchers hope that by better understanding how this region interacts with space weather from the Sun, they’ll be able to improve protections for satellites, which can be knocked offline by solar activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The telescope got a ride into space along with equipment for two other missions, each designed to study a different aspect of the Sun’s influence on our solar system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a visit to the Berkeley lab’s mission control room on Thursday, everything appeared calm and smooth as operators and technicians worked to bring the Carruthers systems online in a process known as “commissioning” the spacecraft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On large display screens, boxes of colors, text and graphs indicated the status of systems on the spacecraft with lots of green. That means all is well, said Abhi Tripathi, director of mission operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998642\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998642\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/20250925_MARSSATELLITE_GC-2-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Engineers work in the Mission Operations Center at the Space Sciences Laboratory at UC Berkeley on Sept. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All the displays have been designed to get your attention the moment something is off,” he said of the graphical user interfaces, or GUIs (pronounced “gooeys”). “If something flashes red, we have to quickly diagnose what is the issue and then figure out what we want to do to get it back within limits.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operators were in the middle of a “pass,” a window of time during which NASA’s Deep Space Network allows for communication with the spacecraft. Mission operators send commands and receive data, images and navigation updates with the global network. On average, they get about two passes per day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier that day, Tripathi said, the room buzzed with activity when the spacecraft communicated in a slightly unexpected way. Fortunately, the team quickly resolved the issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, the biggest excitement of the week was the launch early Wednesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The entire team in here came as early as 1:30 in the morning to watch the 4:30 a.m. launch,” Tripathi said. “The energy was high. I don’t think anyone had coffee. Everyone was working off of adrenaline.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>About an hour and a half after the launch, the spacecraft cleanly separated from the rocket.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And we gave a big round of applause, of course,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 30 minutes later, the team achieved what they call first contact — a nerve-wracking moment in any mission when they establish communication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Will the spacecraft respond? Is it still alive?” Tripathi said. “And it was. So we all finally exhaled. After that, we got down to business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Operating a mission like Carruthers is a source of pride for the Berkeley lab, which has been home to four Nobel Prize winners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are maybe two universities in the country that can run a mission like this,” said Lindy Elkins-Tanton, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ssl.berkeley.edu/planetary-scientist-lindy-elkins-tanton-to-head-space-sciences-laboratory/\">newly installed director\u003c/a> of the lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our big strength over time has been space weather. What does the sun do to space?” she said. “What kind of radiation does it put out? How does it affect our Earth’s atmosphere? How does it interact with the magnetic field? Things that surprisingly we don’t understand even though they affect us every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers mission will continue the lab’s legacy in space weather research, but with a focus on a part of Earth’s atmosphere we haven’t seen clearly since Apollo 16. That mission, the fifth and one of the last to land on the Moon, carried a camera designed by NASA scientist George Carruthers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1998660\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 985px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1998660\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"985\" height=\"985\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope.jpg 985w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/moon-based-telescope-768x768.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 985px) 100vw, 985px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">April 1972, Apollo 16 astronaut John Young on the surface of the Moon with George Carruthers’ gold-plated Far Ultraviolet Camera/Spectrograph, the first Moon-based observatory. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of NASA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The camera, capable of capturing ultraviolet light, was placed in the shadow of the lunar module to block scattered light. From there, astronauts pointed it back toward Earth and captured the first — and so far only — images of the geocorona: a faint glow around Earth caused by the outermost reaches of the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That imager was remarkable; it worked amazingly well,” said Thomas Immel, project scientist for the Carruthers observatory mission. “But it was just a snapshot.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This new mission will be able to capture what is going on, in incredible detail, over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The upper atmosphere is composed mostly of hydrogen and helium. These gases help shield Earth from solar storms, but scientists aren’t sure if they’re gradually being stripped away by the solar wind. It’s also unclear how this region interacts with ions and particles from the Sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2022, for instance, a solar storm destroyed about \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/09/science/spacex-satellites-storm.html\">40 SpaceX satellites in orbit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To prevent such losses in the future, scientists need a clearer picture of this barely understood region of space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And that’s exactly what we’re going to be looking at,” Elkins-Tanton said. “It’s really a blank spot in human knowledge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Carruthers team hopes to unveil the mission’s first images at the American Geophysical Union conference this winter in New Orleans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/perseids\">Perseids\u003c/a>, one of the most dazzling and reliable meteor showers of the year, are streaking across the Bay Area night sky, and this summer, Venus and Jupiter will join the cosmic show in a rare pre-dawn pairing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteor shower is active from now until the end of August, and will be at its brightest, producing up to 100 meteors per hour, from Aug. 11 until Aug. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the shower peaks between August 11 and 13, a bright, nearly full moon will make meteors more challenging to spot; technically, it will be a waning gibbous moon, a lunar phase that follows a full moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The darkest skies will arrive between when the sun sets around 8:15 p.m. and the moon rises a couple of hours later, but meteor activity is relatively low during that window, according to Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your best bet? Aim for the pre-dawn hours after moonset, when the sky begins to darken again, especially between midnight and 5:00 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997984\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997984\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Perseid meteor shower on Aug. 12, 2013. The event occurs every year in August when the Earth passes through the debris and dust of the Swift-Tuttle comet. \u003ccite>(Ye Aung Thu/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It will be a tough year for stargazers,” Fraknoi said. “But even with a bright moon, you might catch a few brilliant meteors, especially after midnight, when activity picks up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the luminous full moon will limit viewing of the meteors during their peak, Fraknoi said it’s still worth trying to observe them. “It’s still possible to see an occasional meteor during the maximum time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a cosmic bonus, Venus and Jupiter, the two brightest planets in the sky, will appear close together just before dawn on Aug. 12. Look to the eastern sky between 5 and 6 a.m. to catch the planets rise side by side near the horizon, which is called a conjunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to watch the Perseid meteor shower in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For meteor spotting, you want to choose a dark location away from city lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few popular dark locations for watching meteor showers in the Bay Area:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Henry Coe State Park, South Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Tilden Park, East Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunol Regional Wilderness, East Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Mount Diablo, East Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Skyline Boulevard, Peninsula\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Montara Beach, Peninsula\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pescadero, Peninsula\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Point Reyes National Seashore, North Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bodega Bay, North Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In the North Bay, you can find miles of darkened skies from the rural coast eastward. But note that fog in coastal areas might disrupt your views of the night sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State parks, national forests, and rural areas are also ideal for night sky watching. And if you’re looking to go beyond the Bay Area, popular spots in California include Pinnacles National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Death Valley National Park, and the Sierra Nevada mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11953853/how-to-find-a-camping-spot-in-california-when-they-always-seem-to-be-fully-booked#walkincampsites\">Read our tips for finding a last-minute camping reservation near the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to look in the sky to see the Perseid meteor shower\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re heading out to see the meteor shower, be prepared to be outdoors for at least a few hours. Bring a reclining chair or a blanket to lie on for comfort.[aside postID=science_1997579 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1267735347-2000x1125.jpg']Dress warmly as temperatures can drop at night, even in summer. Make sure to check the weather forecast — clear skies are essential for optimal viewing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’re situated, allow your eyes to adjust to the darkness for about 20–30 minutes and avoid looking at your phone or any other bright lights, as this can reduce night vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look toward the northeast horizon, where the constellation Perseus will be rising, and enjoy the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is a meteor shower?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A meteor shower occurs when Earth passes through a stream of debris left behind by a comet or, in some cases, an asteroid. As Earth moves through the debris, these particles enter our atmosphere at high speeds and burn up, creating striking streaks of light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Perseids are named after the constellation Perseus, the point from which the meteors appear to radiate, and are fragments of the comet Swift-Tuttle. This comet last passed near Earth in 1992 and won’t return until 2126.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "It’s that time of year again: One of the most popular summer shows will be lighting up the Bay Area night sky. Plus, Venus and Jupiter will pair up for a grand appearance during the peak of the shower. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/tag/perseids\">Perseids\u003c/a>, one of the most dazzling and reliable meteor showers of the year, are streaking across the Bay Area night sky, and this summer, Venus and Jupiter will join the cosmic show in a rare pre-dawn pairing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The meteor shower is active from now until the end of August, and will be at its brightest, producing up to 100 meteors per hour, from Aug. 11 until Aug. 13.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the shower peaks between August 11 and 13, a bright, nearly full moon will make meteors more challenging to spot; technically, it will be a waning gibbous moon, a lunar phase that follows a full moon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The darkest skies will arrive between when the sun sets around 8:15 p.m. and the moon rises a couple of hours later, but meteor activity is relatively low during that window, according to Andrew Fraknoi, astronomer and professor at the University of San Francisco’s Fromm Institute.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Your best bet? Aim for the pre-dawn hours after moonset, when the sky begins to darken again, especially between midnight and 5:00 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997984\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997984\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Perseids2-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Perseid meteor shower on Aug. 12, 2013. The event occurs every year in August when the Earth passes through the debris and dust of the Swift-Tuttle comet. \u003ccite>(Ye Aung Thu/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It will be a tough year for stargazers,” Fraknoi said. “But even with a bright moon, you might catch a few brilliant meteors, especially after midnight, when activity picks up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the luminous full moon will limit viewing of the meteors during their peak, Fraknoi said it’s still worth trying to observe them. “It’s still possible to see an occasional meteor during the maximum time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a cosmic bonus, Venus and Jupiter, the two brightest planets in the sky, will appear close together just before dawn on Aug. 12. Look to the eastern sky between 5 and 6 a.m. to catch the planets rise side by side near the horizon, which is called a conjunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to watch the Perseid meteor shower in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>For meteor spotting, you want to choose a dark location away from city lights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are a few popular dark locations for watching meteor showers in the Bay Area:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Henry Coe State Park, South Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Tilden Park, East Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunol Regional Wilderness, East Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Mount Diablo, East Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Skyline Boulevard, Peninsula\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Montara Beach, Peninsula\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Pescadero, Peninsula\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Point Reyes National Seashore, North Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Bodega Bay, North Bay\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>In the North Bay, you can find miles of darkened skies from the rural coast eastward. But note that fog in coastal areas might disrupt your views of the night sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State parks, national forests, and rural areas are also ideal for night sky watching. And if you’re looking to go beyond the Bay Area, popular spots in California include Pinnacles National Park, Joshua Tree National Park, Death Valley National Park, and the Sierra Nevada mountains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11953853/how-to-find-a-camping-spot-in-california-when-they-always-seem-to-be-fully-booked#walkincampsites\">Read our tips for finding a last-minute camping reservation near the Bay Area.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to look in the sky to see the Perseid meteor shower\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re heading out to see the meteor shower, be prepared to be outdoors for at least a few hours. Bring a reclining chair or a blanket to lie on for comfort.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Dress warmly as temperatures can drop at night, even in summer. Make sure to check the weather forecast — clear skies are essential for optimal viewing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once you’re situated, allow your eyes to adjust to the darkness for about 20–30 minutes and avoid looking at your phone or any other bright lights, as this can reduce night vision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Look toward the northeast horizon, where the constellation Perseus will be rising, and enjoy the show.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is a meteor shower?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A meteor shower occurs when Earth passes through a stream of debris left behind by a comet or, in some cases, an asteroid. As Earth moves through the debris, these particles enter our atmosphere at high speeds and burn up, creating striking streaks of light.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Perseids are named after the constellation Perseus, the point from which the meteors appear to radiate, and are fragments of the comet Swift-Tuttle. This comet last passed near Earth in 1992 and won’t return until 2126.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bay-area-hikes-views-clouds-marine-inversion-layer",
"title": "How to Hike 'Above the Clouds' in the Bay Area (Plus, the Science of a Marine Inversion)",
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"headTitle": "How to Hike ‘Above the Clouds’ in the Bay Area (Plus, the Science of a Marine Inversion) | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>There’s something undeniably magical about standing atop a mountain and gazing out over a thick blanket of clouds. And in the Bay Area, it’s a sight we’re lucky enough to experience frequently, at spots like Marin’s Mount Tamalpais or Mission Peak in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this phenomenon — commonly called a “marine inversion” or “fog blanket” — isn’t just a feast for the eyes. It’s also rooted in some fascinating atmospheric science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to learn how this “sea of clouds” actually forms, and where (and when) to go hiking in the Bay Area for the chance to see it for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#marine-layer-sf\">Tips for successfully spotting a marine layer inversion\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#hikes-with-views-clouds-bay-area\">Where to hike “above the clouds” in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997583\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1427151725-scaled-e1751477821514.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997583\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1427151725-scaled-e1751477821514.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1238\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mount Tamalpais State Park under a blanket of fog in Mill Valley, California, United States on July 2, 2023. Catching a “cloud inversion” from above is part planning, part luck — but a little meteorological know-how can greatly increase your chances. \u003ccite>(Photo by Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The science behind the sea of clouds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under typical conditions, as you move higher in altitude, the air temperature decreases and gets cooler — a pattern known as the “lapse rate,” which describes the change in temperature with elevation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But occasionally, this rule flips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When colder air gets trapped near the ground \u003cem>beneath \u003c/em>a layer of warmer air, it forms a \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/jetstream/ocean/marine-layer\">marine layer\u003c/a> inversion. And in the Bay Area, this inversion is often tied to the Pacific Ocean’s influence, explained meteorologist Jan Null, especially during the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have all this air along the coast sitting over this 55-degree water,” said Null, who founded \u003ca href=\"https://ggweather.com/resume.html\">Golden Gate Weather Service\u003c/a>. “That water is cooling the air right above it. So you have cool air at the surface of the water, and then you have warmer air above that, and then it gradually cools off.”[aside postID=science_1997397 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/GETTYIMAGES-2177822620-KQED.jpg']That warm air acts like a lid, trapping the cooler air and moisture below and forming a shallow but dense marine layer, especially along the California coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the summer, these inversions commonly occur around sunrise and dissipate during the day as the sun heats the surface, “breaking” the inversion layer — although Null said they can occur during sunset, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When an inversion happens, the marine layer is typically 1,000 to 2,000 feet thick, but its exact height can vary depending on offshore pressure systems. “Just like how water will always flow from a higher elevation to a lower elevation, air flows from high pressure to low pressure, trying to reach equilibrium,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When that high pressure dominates, it suppresses the marine layer, keeping it low and closer to the ground. When a trough of low pressure moves in, that’s when the layer can deepen and rise to higher altitudes — and what allows hikers on summits to feel like they’re climbing above the clouds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inland areas, like the Central Valley, heat up more rapidly than the coast, creating a pressure difference that pulls this cool, moist air inland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The marine layer is primarily a summertime phenomenon as far as it coming inland because then you get the heating in the inland areas that generate that sea breeze pattern,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to hike\u003ca id=\"marine-layer-sf\">\u003c/a> ‘above the clouds’ in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Catching a “cloud inversion” from above is part planning, part luck — but a little meteorological know-how can greatly increase your chances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lots of yardsticks for the backyard weather observers to keep track of how high the marine layer is today,” Null said, adding that knowing the elevation of the spot you want to head to — plus the thickness of the marine layer itself — can help when planning.[aside postID=science_1997307 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/WhalesBubblesGetty.jpg']For a more accurate forecast, Null advises observing the weather a day in advance of setting out to catch an inversion. One of the tips Null shared: “If it’s going to be getting warmer, then that probably indicates that the marine layers are going to be more shallow,” making it a great chance to see the clouds beneath you at certain altitudes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, if it’s going to be cooler, the marine layer will be deeper and higher up on those mountains — meaning it’ll be \u003cem>above \u003c/em>most parts of the entire Bay Area, Null added. In other words, your chances of hiking above the clouds are greatly reduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some tips \u003ca id=\"Tipsforsuccessfullyspottingamarinelayerinversion\">\u003c/a>shared by Null and others in the Bay Area who know how to successfully chase the marine layer inversion:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Observe marine layer inversions using weather apps like \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">National Weather Service\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.accuweather.com/\">Accuweather\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.windy.com/37.906/-122.615/meteogram?waves,37.254,-122.613,8,p:cities\">Windy\u003c/a> or others \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Start by checking the “cloud tops” or cloud ceiling — the height at which clouds form. If they’re around 1,000 to 2,000 feet, and your summit hike is above that elevation, good news: you’re likely to be above the cloud layer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use tools like the \u003ca href=\"https://aviationweather.gov/gfa/#clouds\">National Weather Service’s Aviation Forecasts\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.accuweather.com/\">AccuWeather\u003c/a>, which list ceiling heights at different locations. Mount Tam, for example, stands at about 2,200 feet, while Twin Peaks is just under 1,000 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null also recommends websites like \u003ca href=\"https://www.everythingweather.com/\">Everything Weather\u003c/a>, built by a former National Weather Service forecaster, that offer localized human-curated forecasts that are more reliable than many generic weather apps, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_420020\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-420020\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071.jpg\" alt=\"Fog encroaching on the Bay Area, as seen from Mt. Tamalpais in Marin County.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fog encroaching on the Bay Area, as seen from Mount Tamalpais in Marin County. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Check live webcams or satellite images\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ops.alertcalifornia.org/cam-console/2192\">Mount Tamalpais\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://alertca.live/cam-console/2429\">Sutro Tower\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/golden-gate-bridge-live-webcams\">Golden Gate Bridge\u003c/a> and other notable spots may have live webcams available that you can check for fog and cloud activity early in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null suggests watching satellite imagery, wind direction and local weather discussions to keep an eye on local landmarks, which can act as visual indicators of the marine layer’s height. “You can kind of gauge ‘is it above or below the towers of the Golden Gate Bridge?’ ‘Is it over Twin Peaks?’ ‘Is it up to Sutro Tower?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://earth.google.com/web\">Google Earth\u003c/a> can also be a great tool to observe visible fog or low-lying clouds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Arrive early\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plan to be at your chosen spot around sunrise (5:30 a.m.–7 a.m. in the summer) for the most dramatic views before the clouds start to burn off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you always need to go high?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not always. If the cloud layer is shallow — say, 400–800 feet — even the modest hills within San Francisco can offer views above the mist. Spots like Twin Peaks, Tank Hill and Bernal Heights sometimes poke just above the marine layer, offering in-city access to the phenomenon without needing to climb a mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"hikes-with-views-clouds-bay-area\">\u003c/a>Great Bay Area hikes for walking above the clouds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before you head out, remember that clouds can shift quickly — so stay flexible (and realistic that today might not be the day.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dress in layers, as temperatures can swing dramatically between the coast and the hilltops. Bring water, check trail conditions and always leave no trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some Bay Area spots that offer stunning views above the marine layer — if time, the elements and luck are on your side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=471\">Mount Tamalpais, Marin\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation: ~2,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Tam is the classic spot for fog lovers. Head to the East Peak early in the morning during summer, and you might find yourself above a sea of clouds spilling in from the Pacific. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/discover/trojan-point-mt-tamalpais\">Trojan Point\u003c/a>, situated at an elevation of 1,874 feet, is another popular spot on Mount Tamalpais to experience a marine layer inversion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@modicumofjoy/video/7392301568399363371\" data-video-id=\"7392301568399363371\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@modicumofjoy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@modicumofjoy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@modicumofjoy\u003c/a> run, do not walk.. This hike will take you above the clouds, and if you time it right- you might see the Golden Gate Bridge peeking through 🌁 𝙎𝙘𝙧𝙤𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙚𝙚 𝙝𝙤𝙬 𝙩𝙤 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙨, 𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙣, 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣𝙛𝙤! there is one place where you will ALWAYS see this (only during the summer months) and that is.. 📍Mount Tamalpais, California It’s only 30 mins from north San Francisco and you can witness this phenomenon from these points.. 𝙑𝙄𝙀𝙒𝙋𝙊𝙄𝙉𝙏𝙎 ➡️ Trojan Point- Google Maps will get you there, park and walk up (first clip) for about 5-7 mins ➡️ Once you park at Trojan Point Parking Lot, there are two trails on the right of the lot, those will take you to the views in the second and third clips! 𝙃𝙊𝙒 𝙏𝙊 𝙈𝘼𝙆𝙀 𝙎𝙐𝙍𝙀 𝙄 𝙎𝙀𝙀 𝙏𝙃𝙄𝙎? This is not so simple, but let me explain my process: ⏰ this only happens during June, July and August ☁️ you need to make sure the clouds are lower that Mt Tam’s (Mt Tam is 2500m tall) ➡️ to do this, people suggest the Windy app, but you need to pay to get the cloud height details so I suggest AccuWeather ➡️ Find the Cloud Ceiling height and make sure that during sunset (around 8pm) that the clouds are lower than the height of Mt. Tam.. and that’s it 💜💜 𝙃𝙊𝙒 𝘼𝙍𝙀 𝙏𝙃𝙀 𝘾𝙇𝙊𝙐𝘿𝙎 𝙎𝙊 𝙇𝙊𝙒? this phenomenon is called a cloud inversion, and it usually happens where the temperature increases with altitude, rather than the usual decrease! This causes a layer of warmer air to sit above cooler air, trapping clouds and fog below the inversion layer 🤯 Would you visit here? ☁️🌁 Follow @modicumofjoy for more travel inspiration across the California and beyond💜 \u003ca title=\"california\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/california?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#california\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"sanfrancisco\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/sanfrancisco?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#sanfrancisco\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"californiaadventure\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/californiaadventure?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#californiaadventure\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - modicumofjoy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7392301576909736750?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – modicumofjoy\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>[tiktok]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.openspace.org/preserves/russian-ridge\">Russian Ridge Open Preserve, Redwood City\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~2,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borel Hill is the highest point in this Peninsula preserve. From this peak, you can see the Pacific Ocean to the west, the East Bay hills and Mount Diablo to the east.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997590\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"719\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low clouds at Russian Ridge Preserve. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/mission-peak\">Mission Peak, Fremont\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation 2,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mission Peak offers sweeping views of the Bay and beyond. After a steady climb, hikers can sometimes catch fog curling over the East Bay hills from the west, especially on windless mornings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997591\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/IMG_6175-scaled-e1751480002108.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997591\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/IMG_6175-scaled-e1751480002108.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marine layer inversion captured in June 2025 from Mission Peak. \u003ccite>(Sarah Mohamad/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=517\">Mount Diablo, Contra Costa\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~3,900 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Diablo almost always stands above the clouds when the marine layer is present. The panoramic views from the summit stretch all the way to the Sierra Nevada on a clear day, with the fog blanketing the valleys below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997592\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Mount Diablo during sunrise as seen from Mount Tamalpais. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/miri.htm\">Milagra Ridge, Pacifica\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation 1,200 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This ridge is known for its coastal views and diverse wildlife. It’s also home to a number of threatened and endangered species, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/miri.htm\">including Mission blue and San Bruno elfin butterflies and the California red-legged frog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98-768x492.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low clouds captured at Milagra Ridge in Pacifica. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/community-recreation/parks-recreation/parks/grizzly-peak-park\">Grizzly Peak, Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~1,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This accessible East Bay ridgeline offers excellent views of fog entering through the Golden Gate and spreading eastward. This spot is best accessed by car via Grizzly Peak Boulevard or Centennial Drive, especially in the early morning between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997593\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1422062993-scaled-e1751480501571.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997593\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1422062993-scaled-e1751480501571.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1102\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View from Grizzly Peak in the Berkeley Hills onto Bay Bridge and San Francisco with Karl the Fog enveloping the city at sunset. \u003ccite>(SvetlanaSF/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/770/Golden-Gate-Park\">Golden Gate Bridge\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation: ~1,000 feet\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDrive up \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/marin-headlands-scenic-vistas.htm\">Conzelman Road\u003c/a> in Marin Headlands for views from \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/places/000/battery-spencer-overlook.htm\">Battery Spencer\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/hawk-hill\">Hawk Hill\u003c/a>, especially during sunrise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B-768x548.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Golden Gate Bridge amidst the marine layer. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/facilities/facility/details/twin-peaks-384\">Twin Peaks, San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~900 feet\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTwin Peaks offers panoramic views of the city, Sutro Tower and the Pacific Ocean. On mornings with a shallow marine layer (i.e., under 1,000 feet), you can look down at fog rolling over the Sunset and Richmond districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997596\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fog morning in the city around June 28, 1973, looking from Twin Peaks, San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Barney Peterson for The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Here's the science behind the marine layer inversion and where you can catch the most stunning views from above the clouds right here in the Bay Area.",
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"title": "How to Hike 'Above the Clouds' in the Bay Area (Plus, the Science of a Marine Inversion) | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s something undeniably magical about standing atop a mountain and gazing out over a thick blanket of clouds. And in the Bay Area, it’s a sight we’re lucky enough to experience frequently, at spots like Marin’s Mount Tamalpais or Mission Peak in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But this phenomenon — commonly called a “marine inversion” or “fog blanket” — isn’t just a feast for the eyes. It’s also rooted in some fascinating atmospheric science.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading to learn how this “sea of clouds” actually forms, and where (and when) to go hiking in the Bay Area for the chance to see it for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#marine-layer-sf\">Tips for successfully spotting a marine layer inversion\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#hikes-with-views-clouds-bay-area\">Where to hike “above the clouds” in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997583\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1427151725-scaled-e1751477821514.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997583\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1427151725-scaled-e1751477821514.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1238\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mount Tamalpais State Park under a blanket of fog in Mill Valley, California, United States on July 2, 2023. Catching a “cloud inversion” from above is part planning, part luck — but a little meteorological know-how can greatly increase your chances. \u003ccite>(Photo by Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The science behind the sea of clouds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Under typical conditions, as you move higher in altitude, the air temperature decreases and gets cooler — a pattern known as the “lapse rate,” which describes the change in temperature with elevation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But occasionally, this rule flips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When colder air gets trapped near the ground \u003cem>beneath \u003c/em>a layer of warmer air, it forms a \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/jetstream/ocean/marine-layer\">marine layer\u003c/a> inversion. And in the Bay Area, this inversion is often tied to the Pacific Ocean’s influence, explained meteorologist Jan Null, especially during the summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have all this air along the coast sitting over this 55-degree water,” said Null, who founded \u003ca href=\"https://ggweather.com/resume.html\">Golden Gate Weather Service\u003c/a>. “That water is cooling the air right above it. So you have cool air at the surface of the water, and then you have warmer air above that, and then it gradually cools off.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>That warm air acts like a lid, trapping the cooler air and moisture below and forming a shallow but dense marine layer, especially along the California coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During the summer, these inversions commonly occur around sunrise and dissipate during the day as the sun heats the surface, “breaking” the inversion layer — although Null said they can occur during sunset, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When an inversion happens, the marine layer is typically 1,000 to 2,000 feet thick, but its exact height can vary depending on offshore pressure systems. “Just like how water will always flow from a higher elevation to a lower elevation, air flows from high pressure to low pressure, trying to reach equilibrium,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When that high pressure dominates, it suppresses the marine layer, keeping it low and closer to the ground. When a trough of low pressure moves in, that’s when the layer can deepen and rise to higher altitudes — and what allows hikers on summits to feel like they’re climbing above the clouds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inland areas, like the Central Valley, heat up more rapidly than the coast, creating a pressure difference that pulls this cool, moist air inland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The marine layer is primarily a summertime phenomenon as far as it coming inland because then you get the heating in the inland areas that generate that sea breeze pattern,” Null said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where to hike\u003ca id=\"marine-layer-sf\">\u003c/a> ‘above the clouds’ in the Bay Area\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Catching a “cloud inversion” from above is part planning, part luck — but a little meteorological know-how can greatly increase your chances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have lots of yardsticks for the backyard weather observers to keep track of how high the marine layer is today,” Null said, adding that knowing the elevation of the spot you want to head to — plus the thickness of the marine layer itself — can help when planning.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For a more accurate forecast, Null advises observing the weather a day in advance of setting out to catch an inversion. One of the tips Null shared: “If it’s going to be getting warmer, then that probably indicates that the marine layers are going to be more shallow,” making it a great chance to see the clouds beneath you at certain altitudes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast, if it’s going to be cooler, the marine layer will be deeper and higher up on those mountains — meaning it’ll be \u003cem>above \u003c/em>most parts of the entire Bay Area, Null added. In other words, your chances of hiking above the clouds are greatly reduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some tips \u003ca id=\"Tipsforsuccessfullyspottingamarinelayerinversion\">\u003c/a>shared by Null and others in the Bay Area who know how to successfully chase the marine layer inversion:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Observe marine layer inversions using weather apps like \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">National Weather Service\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.accuweather.com/\">Accuweather\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.windy.com/37.906/-122.615/meteogram?waves,37.254,-122.613,8,p:cities\">Windy\u003c/a> or others \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Start by checking the “cloud tops” or cloud ceiling — the height at which clouds form. If they’re around 1,000 to 2,000 feet, and your summit hike is above that elevation, good news: you’re likely to be above the cloud layer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Use tools like the \u003ca href=\"https://aviationweather.gov/gfa/#clouds\">National Weather Service’s Aviation Forecasts\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.accuweather.com/\">AccuWeather\u003c/a>, which list ceiling heights at different locations. Mount Tam, for example, stands at about 2,200 feet, while Twin Peaks is just under 1,000 feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null also recommends websites like \u003ca href=\"https://www.everythingweather.com/\">Everything Weather\u003c/a>, built by a former National Weather Service forecaster, that offer localized human-curated forecasts that are more reliable than many generic weather apps, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_420020\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-420020\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071.jpg\" alt=\"Fog encroaching on the Bay Area, as seen from Mt. Tamalpais in Marin County.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2015/12/RS8458_IMG_4071-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fog encroaching on the Bay Area, as seen from Mount Tamalpais in Marin County. \u003ccite>(Craig Miller/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Check live webcams or satellite images\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://ops.alertcalifornia.org/cam-console/2192\">Mount Tamalpais\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://alertca.live/cam-console/2429\">Sutro Tower\u003c/a>, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/golden-gate-bridge-live-webcams\">Golden Gate Bridge\u003c/a> and other notable spots may have live webcams available that you can check for fog and cloud activity early in the morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Null suggests watching satellite imagery, wind direction and local weather discussions to keep an eye on local landmarks, which can act as visual indicators of the marine layer’s height. “You can kind of gauge ‘is it above or below the towers of the Golden Gate Bridge?’ ‘Is it over Twin Peaks?’ ‘Is it up to Sutro Tower?’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://earth.google.com/web\">Google Earth\u003c/a> can also be a great tool to observe visible fog or low-lying clouds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Arrive early\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Plan to be at your chosen spot around sunrise (5:30 a.m.–7 a.m. in the summer) for the most dramatic views before the clouds start to burn off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do you always need to go high?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Not always. If the cloud layer is shallow — say, 400–800 feet — even the modest hills within San Francisco can offer views above the mist. Spots like Twin Peaks, Tank Hill and Bernal Heights sometimes poke just above the marine layer, offering in-city access to the phenomenon without needing to climb a mountain.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"hikes-with-views-clouds-bay-area\">\u003c/a>Great Bay Area hikes for walking above the clouds\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Before you head out, remember that clouds can shift quickly — so stay flexible (and realistic that today might not be the day.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dress in layers, as temperatures can swing dramatically between the coast and the hilltops. Bring water, check trail conditions and always leave no trace.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here are some Bay Area spots that offer stunning views above the marine layer — if time, the elements and luck are on your side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=471\">Mount Tamalpais, Marin\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation: ~2,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Tam is the classic spot for fog lovers. Head to the East Peak early in the morning during summer, and you might find yourself above a sea of clouds spilling in from the Pacific. \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/discover/trojan-point-mt-tamalpais\">Trojan Point\u003c/a>, situated at an elevation of 1,874 feet, is another popular spot on Mount Tamalpais to experience a marine layer inversion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"tiktok-embed\" style=\"max-width: 605px;min-width: 325px\" cite=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@modicumofjoy/video/7392301568399363371\" data-video-id=\"7392301568399363371\">\n\u003csection>\u003ca title=\"@modicumofjoy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@modicumofjoy?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">@modicumofjoy\u003c/a> run, do not walk.. This hike will take you above the clouds, and if you time it right- you might see the Golden Gate Bridge peeking through 🌁 𝙎𝙘𝙧𝙤𝙡𝙡 𝙩𝙤 𝙨𝙚𝙚 𝙝𝙤𝙬 𝙩𝙤 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙩𝙝𝙞𝙨, 𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙧𝙚 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙬𝙝𝙚𝙣, 𝙬𝙞𝙩𝙝 𝙥𝙖𝙧𝙠𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙞𝙣𝙛𝙤! there is one place where you will ALWAYS see this (only during the summer months) and that is.. 📍Mount Tamalpais, California It’s only 30 mins from north San Francisco and you can witness this phenomenon from these points.. 𝙑𝙄𝙀𝙒𝙋𝙊𝙄𝙉𝙏𝙎 ➡️ Trojan Point- Google Maps will get you there, park and walk up (first clip) for about 5-7 mins ➡️ Once you park at Trojan Point Parking Lot, there are two trails on the right of the lot, those will take you to the views in the second and third clips! 𝙃𝙊𝙒 𝙏𝙊 𝙈𝘼𝙆𝙀 𝙎𝙐𝙍𝙀 𝙄 𝙎𝙀𝙀 𝙏𝙃𝙄𝙎? This is not so simple, but let me explain my process: ⏰ this only happens during June, July and August ☁️ you need to make sure the clouds are lower that Mt Tam’s (Mt Tam is 2500m tall) ➡️ to do this, people suggest the Windy app, but you need to pay to get the cloud height details so I suggest AccuWeather ➡️ Find the Cloud Ceiling height and make sure that during sunset (around 8pm) that the clouds are lower than the height of Mt. Tam.. and that’s it 💜💜 𝙃𝙊𝙒 𝘼𝙍𝙀 𝙏𝙃𝙀 𝘾𝙇𝙊𝙐𝘿𝙎 𝙎𝙊 𝙇𝙊𝙒? this phenomenon is called a cloud inversion, and it usually happens where the temperature increases with altitude, rather than the usual decrease! This causes a layer of warmer air to sit above cooler air, trapping clouds and fog below the inversion layer 🤯 Would you visit here? ☁️🌁 Follow @modicumofjoy for more travel inspiration across the California and beyond💜 \u003ca title=\"california\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/california?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#california\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"sanfrancisco\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/sanfrancisco?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#sanfrancisco\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"californiaadventure\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/tag/californiaadventure?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">#californiaadventure\u003c/a> \u003ca title=\"♬ original sound - modicumofjoy\" href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/music/original-sound-7392301576909736750?refer=embed\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">♬ original sound – modicumofjoy\u003c/a>\u003c/section>\n\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.openspace.org/preserves/russian-ridge\">Russian Ridge Open Preserve, Redwood City\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~2,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Borel Hill is the highest point in this Peninsula preserve. From this peak, you can see the Pacific Ocean to the west, the East Bay hills and Mount Diablo to the east.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997590\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997590\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"719\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni.jpg 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/Russian-Ridge-Shreeni-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low clouds at Russian Ridge Preserve. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ebparks.org/parks/mission-peak\">Mission Peak, Fremont\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation 2,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mission Peak offers sweeping views of the Bay and beyond. After a steady climb, hikers can sometimes catch fog curling over the East Bay hills from the west, especially on windless mornings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997591\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/IMG_6175-scaled-e1751480002108.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997591\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/IMG_6175-scaled-e1751480002108.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Marine layer inversion captured in June 2025 from Mission Peak. \u003ccite>(Sarah Mohamad/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.parks.ca.gov/?page_id=517\">Mount Diablo, Contra Costa\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~3,900 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Diablo almost always stands above the clouds when the marine layer is present. The panoramic views from the summit stretch all the way to the Sierra Nevada on a clear day, with the fog blanketing the valleys below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997592\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997592\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"684\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/1598A519-9622-44BD-AA96-59A3BD9FDCD6-768x513.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of Mount Diablo during sunrise as seen from Mount Tamalpais. \u003ccite>(Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/miri.htm\">Milagra Ridge, Pacifica\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation 1,200 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This ridge is known for its coastal views and diverse wildlife. It’s also home to a number of threatened and endangered species, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/miri.htm\">including Mission blue and San Bruno elfin butterflies and the California red-legged frog\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997617\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98-160x103.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/388D72B1-FAF5-461F-B458-CFEEEDDA6B98-768x492.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Low clouds captured at Milagra Ridge in Pacifica. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://berkeleyca.gov/community-recreation/parks-recreation/parks/grizzly-peak-park\">Grizzly Peak, Berkeley\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~1,500 feet\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This accessible East Bay ridgeline offers excellent views of fog entering through the Golden Gate and spreading eastward. This spot is best accessed by car via Grizzly Peak Boulevard or Centennial Drive, especially in the early morning between 6 a.m. and 9 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997593\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1422062993-scaled-e1751480501571.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997593\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1422062993-scaled-e1751480501571.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1102\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">View from Grizzly Peak in the Berkeley Hills onto Bay Bridge and San Francisco with Karl the Fog enveloping the city at sunset. \u003ccite>(SvetlanaSF/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/770/Golden-Gate-Park\">Golden Gate Bridge\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation: ~1,000 feet\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDrive up \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/goga/planyourvisit/marin-headlands-scenic-vistas.htm\">Conzelman Road\u003c/a> in Marin Headlands for views from \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/places/000/battery-spencer-overlook.htm\">Battery Spencer\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.parksconservancy.org/parks/hawk-hill\">Hawk Hill\u003c/a>, especially during sunrise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997618\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1024\" height=\"730\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B.jpg 1024w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B-160x114.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/E090FDD7-D723-4A77-80D0-BD7E56F43F2B-768x548.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Golden Gate Bridge amidst the marine layer. \u003ccite>(Photo courtesy of Shreenivasan Manievannan)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/facilities/facility/details/twin-peaks-384\">Twin Peaks, San Francisco\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elevation ~900 feet\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTwin Peaks offers panoramic views of the city, Sutro Tower and the Pacific Ocean. On mornings with a shallow marine layer (i.e., under 1,000 feet), you can look down at fog rolling over the Sunset and Richmond districts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997596\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/GettyImages-1418102559-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fog morning in the city around June 28, 1973, looking from Twin Peaks, San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Barney Peterson for The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "a-new-camera-built-in-the-bay-area-brings-the-mysteries-of-the-universe-into-focus",
"title": "A New Camera, Built in the Bay Area, Brings the Mysteries of the Universe Into Focus",
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"headTitle": "A New Camera, Built in the Bay Area, Brings the Mysteries of the Universe Into Focus | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In a packed Menlo Park auditorium, astronomers, physicists and engineers leaned forward in anticipation. On a screen in front of them, the universe came into view — captured by a telescope a hemisphere away, using a car-sized digital camera built in their own backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pictures elicit gasps, oohs and applause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of these objects have never been seen by people before,” said Željko Ivezić, an astrophysicist and lead for the construction and design of the telescope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the images, a section of the southern night sky \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/news/rubin-first-look/cosmic-treasure-chest\">captured\u003c/a> in mind-boggling detail, holds speckled points of light sprayed over a dark background, with bursts of light and chains of spiral galaxies. Another \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/news/rubin-first-look/swarm-asteroids\">showed \u003c/a>more than 2,000 newly discovered asteroids found during just one week of observation. Another \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/news/rubin-first-look/trifid-lagoon\">revealed \u003c/a>two nebulae, giant clouds of pink and orange gas and dust where new stars are born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these photographs were made possible by a telescope which sits atop a mountain in north central Chile — the Vera C. Rubin telescope — arguably the most powerful in the world. Nestled together with the telescope is a digital camera assembled over a decade at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, or SLAC, a national laboratory in Menlo Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997458\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997458\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory on Cerro Pachón in Chile at sunset. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Travis Lange, camera project manager, began building the one-of-a-kind device in 2014 and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992526/worlds-largest-digital-camera-built-in-the-bay-area-to-illuminate-mysteries-of-space\">completed it last May\u003c/a>. At 3,200 megapixels, the machine is the Guinness World Records holder for the largest digital camera. Lange beamed, speaking about its performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a challenge to get this thing built,” he said. “There’s no backup. We didn’t have a prototype.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most minute detail could cause malfunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting all those different systems to function correctly, it took a lot,” Lange said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To share the first images, he added, felt “amazing.”[aside postID=science_1992526 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2024/05/2019_1126_LSST_Raft_14_Installation_Orrell-34567-1020x680.jpg']“Everybody on this project really put in a lot of passion,” Lange said. “Seeing these images for the first time is just one of the greatest joys, I mean it’s really incredible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the telescope embarks on its 10-year mission, its operators are focusing on four main science areas: completing a census of the solar system; studying the Milky Way’s structure and formation; chronicling the changing sky and gathering data that can be used to study dark matter and dark energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be using this legacy dataset for years and years to come. It’s an absolute gold mine for astronomers to use across the world,” said Phil Marshall, deputy director of operations for Rubin Observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll be able to answer questions like, how did our Milky Way form? How did it develop? We’ll be looking for new discoveries in the solar system, new discoveries and the changing night sky,” Marshall said. “And we’ll be able to measure the properties of this mysterious dark energy that’s causing the accelerating expansion of the universe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera, telescope and observatory were jointly funded by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/\">National Science Foundation\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/science/office-science\">Department of Energy’s Office of Science\u003c/a>, with the NSF funding the construction of the observatory and the DOE funding the construction of the camera. Each was a several-hundred-million-dollar investment. The project’s annual operational cost is about $70 million a year, split evenly between the two funders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997461\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1225\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED-768x470.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED-1536x941.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image shows another small section of the NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s total view of the Virgo cluster. Visible are two prominent spiral galaxies (lower right), three merging galaxies (upper right), several groups of distant galaxies, many stars in the Milky Way galaxy and more. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It is unclear how secure their ongoing funding is. When asked about the budgetary outlook, several Rubin scientists expressed appreciation for funding received so far and said they didn’t want to speculate about the future, referring further questions to the agencies themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the telescope and camera will be available to the public through the \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/\">Rubin Observatory website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The observatory’s name honors Vera C. Rubin, the pioneering astronomer whose work studying the rotation of galaxies revealed the first observational evidence of dark matter — the mysterious, invisible mass that holds our galaxy together but eludes direct detection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a telescope bearing her name is ready to deepen our understanding of this and other universal mysteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Over the next decade, the Vera C. Rubin observatory, equipped with a giant camera built at SLAC in Menlo Park, will find billions of new stars, galaxies and asteroids, and shed light on dark matter and dark energy. \r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In a packed Menlo Park auditorium, astronomers, physicists and engineers leaned forward in anticipation. On a screen in front of them, the universe came into view — captured by a telescope a hemisphere away, using a car-sized digital camera built in their own backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pictures elicit gasps, oohs and applause.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most of these objects have never been seen by people before,” said Željko Ivezić, an astrophysicist and lead for the construction and design of the telescope.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the images, a section of the southern night sky \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/news/rubin-first-look/cosmic-treasure-chest\">captured\u003c/a> in mind-boggling detail, holds speckled points of light sprayed over a dark background, with bursts of light and chains of spiral galaxies. Another \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/news/rubin-first-look/swarm-asteroids\">showed \u003c/a>more than 2,000 newly discovered asteroids found during just one week of observation. Another \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/news/rubin-first-look/trifid-lagoon\">revealed \u003c/a>two nebulae, giant clouds of pink and orange gas and dust where new stars are born.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these photographs were made possible by a telescope which sits atop a mountain in north central Chile — the Vera C. Rubin telescope — arguably the most powerful in the world. Nestled together with the telescope is a digital camera assembled over a decade at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center, or SLAC, a national laboratory in Menlo Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997458\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997458\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-RUBIN-SUNSET-PACHON_VRUBIN_DUSK_2-CC-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory on Cerro Pachón in Chile at sunset. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Travis Lange, camera project manager, began building the one-of-a-kind device in 2014 and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1992526/worlds-largest-digital-camera-built-in-the-bay-area-to-illuminate-mysteries-of-space\">completed it last May\u003c/a>. At 3,200 megapixels, the machine is the Guinness World Records holder for the largest digital camera. Lange beamed, speaking about its performance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was a challenge to get this thing built,” he said. “There’s no backup. We didn’t have a prototype.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most minute detail could cause malfunction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Getting all those different systems to function correctly, it took a lot,” Lange said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To share the first images, he added, felt “amazing.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Everybody on this project really put in a lot of passion,” Lange said. “Seeing these images for the first time is just one of the greatest joys, I mean it’s really incredible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the telescope embarks on its 10-year mission, its operators are focusing on four main science areas: completing a census of the solar system; studying the Milky Way’s structure and formation; chronicling the changing sky and gathering data that can be used to study dark matter and dark energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We will be using this legacy dataset for years and years to come. It’s an absolute gold mine for astronomers to use across the world,” said Phil Marshall, deputy director of operations for Rubin Observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ll be able to answer questions like, how did our Milky Way form? How did it develop? We’ll be looking for new discoveries in the solar system, new discoveries and the changing night sky,” Marshall said. “And we’ll be able to measure the properties of this mysterious dark energy that’s causing the accelerating expansion of the universe.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The camera, telescope and observatory were jointly funded by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nsf.gov/\">National Science Foundation\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.gov/science/office-science\">Department of Energy’s Office of Science\u003c/a>, with the NSF funding the construction of the observatory and the DOE funding the construction of the camera. Each was a several-hundred-million-dollar investment. The project’s annual operational cost is about $70 million a year, split evenly between the two funders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997461\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997461\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1225\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED-768x470.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/NSF-DOE-Rubin-Virgo-cluster-2-Im3crop2_KQED-1536x941.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This image shows another small section of the NSF-DOE Vera C. Rubin Observatory’s total view of the Virgo cluster. Visible are two prominent spiral galaxies (lower right), three merging galaxies (upper right), several groups of distant galaxies, many stars in the Milky Way galaxy and more. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It is unclear how secure their ongoing funding is. When asked about the budgetary outlook, several Rubin scientists expressed appreciation for funding received so far and said they didn’t want to speculate about the future, referring further questions to the agencies themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Data from the telescope and camera will be available to the public through the \u003ca href=\"https://rubinobservatory.org/\">Rubin Observatory website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The observatory’s name honors Vera C. Rubin, the pioneering astronomer whose work studying the rotation of galaxies revealed the first observational evidence of dark matter — the mysterious, invisible mass that holds our galaxy together but eludes direct detection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, a telescope bearing her name is ready to deepen our understanding of this and other universal mysteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "when-does-summer-solstice-start-events-meaning",
"title": "When Is the Summer Solstice? Plus, Science Events to Celebrate",
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"content": "\u003cp>Every June, the Northern Hemisphere reaches a celestial milestone: the summer solstice. It’s the longest day of the year and the official start of \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/education/multimedia/infographic/infographic-meteorological-and-astronomical-seasons\">astronomical summer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what causes this seasonal shift, and why does the sun behave so differently on this day? Keep reading for all you need to know about the summer solstice, why it happens, and summer solstice events happening in the Bay Area where you can mark the occasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#summer-solstice-events-Bay-Area\">Summer solstice events near you in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is the meaning of ‘the summer solstice’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The solstice — and our seasons — owe it all to the way Earth tilts, in comparison to its planetary siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our planet rotates on a tilted axis, about 23.5 degrees off vertical — while “normally, planets should orbit with their axis straight, so they rotate in the same way that they revolve around the Sun.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.fraknoi.com/about-me/\">Andrew Fraknoi\u003c/a>, instructor at the Fromm Institute of the University of San Francisco, told KQED by email.[aside postID=science_1997307 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/WhalesBubblesGetty.jpg']So what happened to the Earth that explains this difference? “Astronomers now think that our planet got hit by another world, very early in the history of the solar system,” wrote Fraknoi. “And, like many accident victims, it couldn’t straighten out again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to this tilt, as Earth orbits the Sun, different parts of the globe receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. This tilt is the reason for our seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the summer solstice, the Northern Hemisphere leans most directly toward the sun. That means more direct sunlight and the longest stretch of daylight hours — up to 15 hours overall — for the year. Near the North Pole, the sun doesn’t set at all — a phenomenon known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/midnight-sun-facts-where-and-when-to-see\">midnight sun\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in the Southern Hemisphere in regions inside the Antarctic Circle, it’s the exact opposite. At this time, they experience their \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995303/winter-solstice-planet-oppositions-meteor-showers-and-more\">winter solstice\u003c/a>, during which the South Pole experiences a \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/polar-night.html\">polar night\u003c/a>, when the sun does not rise above the horizon for at least 24 consecutive hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When does this year’s summer solstice start?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This year in the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/june-solstice.html\">the summer solstice starts\u003c/a> on Friday, June 20, 2025, at 7:42 p.m. P.S.T.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/june-solstice.html\">Check where the summer solstice will begin\u003c/a> in your region.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why does the date of the summer solstice change each year?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You might notice the solstice doesn’t fall on the same day each year. That’s because our calendar system doesn’t perfectly match Earth’s orbit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Gregorian calendar has 365 days, but the Earth actually takes about 365.25 days to orbit the Sun. That extra quarter-day is why we have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1991493/why-do-we-have-a-leap-year-anyway-the-science-behind-it-explained#:~:text=Every%20four%20years%2C%20an%20extra,same%20calendar%20days%20every%20year\">leap years\u003c/a> — and why the solstice shifts between June 20 and June 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How long does summer last, exactly?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It depends on how you define “summer.” There are two main ways to mark the seasons:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Astronomical summer\u003c/strong> starts at the summer solstice and ends at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/september-equinox.html\">fall equinox\u003c/a> — usually around Sept. 22 or 23. \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/education/multimedia/infographic/infographic-meteorological-and-astronomical-seasons\">Astronomical seasons\u003c/a> are based on the position of the Earth in relation to the sun.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Meteorological summer\u003c/strong>, which weather scientists use, runs from June 1 to Aug. 31. \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/education/multimedia/infographic/infographic-meteorological-and-astronomical-seasons\">Meteorological seasons\u003c/a> are much more closely tied to the calendar system, and divide the seasons into quarters in the year.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Because Earth moves in an elliptical orbit and not a perfect circle, seasons aren’t all the same length around the world. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/\">timeanddate.com\u003c/a>, Northern Hemisphere summer averages 93.6 days, while Southern Hemisphere summer lasts about 89 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997473\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 4800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997473\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"4800\" height=\"2700\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01.png 4800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-2000x1125.png 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 4800px) 100vw, 4800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The astronomical seasons are based on the position of the Earth in relation to the sun, whereas the meteorological seasons are based on the annual temperature cycle and help scientists track climate and weather trends. (Image credit: NOAA Office of Education)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How far is the Earth from the sun?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During the Northern Hemisphere’s summer, Earth is actually at its furthest from the sun. This point, known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/perihelion-aphelion-solstice.html\">aphelion\u003c/a>, occurs a couple of weeks after the solstice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, aphelion will fall on July 3, when Earth will be about 94.5 million miles from the sun, \u003ca href=\"http://timeanddate.com\">according to timeanddate.com.\u003c/a> The opposite — \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/perihelion-aphelion-solstice.html\">perihelion\u003c/a> — happens in early January, when Earth is closest to the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the difference in distance doesn’t significantly affect seasons. It’s the tilt, not the distance, that drives our weather changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is the summer solstice the hottest day of the year?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>No: even though the solstice brings the most daylight, it’s not usually the hottest day. That’s due to seasonal lag — the time it takes for Earth’s land and oceans to absorb and release heat, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/summer-solstice-and-seasonal-lag\">Royal Meteorological Society\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our planet’s water-covered surface (about 70%) soaks up energy slowly, meaning peak summer temperatures typically arrive in July or August. Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://wmo.int/media/news/july-sets-new-temperature-records\">the hottest day globally was July 22\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The summer solstice isn’t just a marker for the longest day of the year — it’s an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/15343/summer-solstice-shifting-spring\">ecological cue and a reminder that our climate is shifting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, researchers believed that these extended hours of daylight helped plants schedule growth. A \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40455992/\">new study\u003c/a> has shown that while the day of the summer solstice may serve as a key cue for plant growth and reproduction, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1087004\">climate change may disrupt this timing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find science and outdoor events celebrating the \u003ca id=\"summer-solstice-events-Bay-Area\">\u003c/a>summer solstice in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lawrence Hall of Science, Berkeley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://lawrencehallofscience.org/events/summer-solstice-celebration/\">Summer Solstice Celebration:\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> Saturday, June 21, 10:30 a.m.–2 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chabot Space & Science Center, Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/paint-sip-solstice-stars-a-summer-sky-celebration/\">Paint & Sip: Solstice Stars:\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> June 19, 6:30–8:30 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/hike-sip-easy-moderate-june-21/\">Hike & Sip: Solstice Stargazing:\u003c/a> June 21, 6–9:30 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/community-science/solstice-sea-star-search\">Solstice Sea Star Search:\u003c/a> Happening throughout June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East Bay Regional Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anc.apm.activecommunities.com/ebparks/activity/search/detail/51932?onlineSiteId=0&from_original_cui=true\">Solstice Sunrise Hike at Coyote Hills Regional Park:\u003c/a> June 21, 8–10 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Every June, the Northern Hemisphere reaches a celestial milestone: the summer solstice. It’s the longest day of the year and the official start of \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/education/multimedia/infographic/infographic-meteorological-and-astronomical-seasons\">astronomical summer\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what causes this seasonal shift, and why does the sun behave so differently on this day? Keep reading for all you need to know about the summer solstice, why it happens, and summer solstice events happening in the Bay Area where you can mark the occasion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#summer-solstice-events-Bay-Area\">Summer solstice events near you in the Bay Area\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is the meaning of ‘the summer solstice’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The solstice — and our seasons — owe it all to the way Earth tilts, in comparison to its planetary siblings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our planet rotates on a tilted axis, about 23.5 degrees off vertical — while “normally, planets should orbit with their axis straight, so they rotate in the same way that they revolve around the Sun.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.fraknoi.com/about-me/\">Andrew Fraknoi\u003c/a>, instructor at the Fromm Institute of the University of San Francisco, told KQED by email.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>So what happened to the Earth that explains this difference? “Astronomers now think that our planet got hit by another world, very early in the history of the solar system,” wrote Fraknoi. “And, like many accident victims, it couldn’t straighten out again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Due to this tilt, as Earth orbits the Sun, different parts of the globe receive varying amounts of sunlight throughout the year. This tilt is the reason for our seasons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the summer solstice, the Northern Hemisphere leans most directly toward the sun. That means more direct sunlight and the longest stretch of daylight hours — up to 15 hours overall — for the year. Near the North Pole, the sun doesn’t set at all — a phenomenon known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.space.com/midnight-sun-facts-where-and-when-to-see\">midnight sun\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, in the Southern Hemisphere in regions inside the Antarctic Circle, it’s the exact opposite. At this time, they experience their \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1995303/winter-solstice-planet-oppositions-meteor-showers-and-more\">winter solstice\u003c/a>, during which the South Pole experiences a \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/polar-night.html\">polar night\u003c/a>, when the sun does not rise above the horizon for at least 24 consecutive hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>When does this year’s summer solstice start?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This year in the Bay Area, \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/june-solstice.html\">the summer solstice starts\u003c/a> on Friday, June 20, 2025, at 7:42 p.m. P.S.T.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(\u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/june-solstice.html\">Check where the summer solstice will begin\u003c/a> in your region.)\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why does the date of the summer solstice change each year?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You might notice the solstice doesn’t fall on the same day each year. That’s because our calendar system doesn’t perfectly match Earth’s orbit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Gregorian calendar has 365 days, but the Earth actually takes about 365.25 days to orbit the Sun. That extra quarter-day is why we have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1991493/why-do-we-have-a-leap-year-anyway-the-science-behind-it-explained#:~:text=Every%20four%20years%2C%20an%20extra,same%20calendar%20days%20every%20year\">leap years\u003c/a> — and why the solstice shifts between June 20 and June 21.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How long does summer last, exactly?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It depends on how you define “summer.” There are two main ways to mark the seasons:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Astronomical summer\u003c/strong> starts at the summer solstice and ends at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/calendar/september-equinox.html\">fall equinox\u003c/a> — usually around Sept. 22 or 23. \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/education/multimedia/infographic/infographic-meteorological-and-astronomical-seasons\">Astronomical seasons\u003c/a> are based on the position of the Earth in relation to the sun.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Meteorological summer\u003c/strong>, which weather scientists use, runs from June 1 to Aug. 31. \u003ca href=\"https://www.noaa.gov/education/multimedia/infographic/infographic-meteorological-and-astronomical-seasons\">Meteorological seasons\u003c/a> are much more closely tied to the calendar system, and divide the seasons into quarters in the year.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Because Earth moves in an elliptical orbit and not a perfect circle, seasons aren’t all the same length around the world. According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/\">timeanddate.com\u003c/a>, Northern Hemisphere summer averages 93.6 days, while Southern Hemisphere summer lasts about 89 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1997473\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 4800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-1997473\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"4800\" height=\"2700\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01.png 4800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-2000x1125.png 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/06/ChangingSeasons_NH_01-2048x1152.png 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 4800px) 100vw, 4800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The astronomical seasons are based on the position of the Earth in relation to the sun, whereas the meteorological seasons are based on the annual temperature cycle and help scientists track climate and weather trends. (Image credit: NOAA Office of Education)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How far is the Earth from the sun?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>During the Northern Hemisphere’s summer, Earth is actually at its furthest from the sun. This point, known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/perihelion-aphelion-solstice.html\">aphelion\u003c/a>, occurs a couple of weeks after the solstice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, aphelion will fall on July 3, when Earth will be about 94.5 million miles from the sun, \u003ca href=\"http://timeanddate.com\">according to timeanddate.com.\u003c/a> The opposite — \u003ca href=\"https://www.timeanddate.com/astronomy/perihelion-aphelion-solstice.html\">perihelion\u003c/a> — happens in early January, when Earth is closest to the sun.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the difference in distance doesn’t significantly affect seasons. It’s the tilt, not the distance, that drives our weather changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is the summer solstice the hottest day of the year?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>No: even though the solstice brings the most daylight, it’s not usually the hottest day. That’s due to seasonal lag — the time it takes for Earth’s land and oceans to absorb and release heat, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.rmets.org/metmatters/summer-solstice-and-seasonal-lag\">Royal Meteorological Society\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Our planet’s water-covered surface (about 70%) soaks up energy slowly, meaning peak summer temperatures typically arrive in July or August. Last year, \u003ca href=\"https://wmo.int/media/news/july-sets-new-temperature-records\">the hottest day globally was July 22\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The summer solstice isn’t just a marker for the longest day of the year — it’s an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/quest/15343/summer-solstice-shifting-spring\">ecological cue and a reminder that our climate is shifting\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Historically, researchers believed that these extended hours of daylight helped plants schedule growth. A \u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40455992/\">new study\u003c/a> has shown that while the day of the summer solstice may serve as a key cue for plant growth and reproduction, \u003ca href=\"https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/1087004\">climate change may disrupt this timing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find science and outdoor events celebrating the \u003ca id=\"summer-solstice-events-Bay-Area\">\u003c/a>summer solstice in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Lawrence Hall of Science, Berkeley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://lawrencehallofscience.org/events/summer-solstice-celebration/\">Summer Solstice Celebration:\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> Saturday, June 21, 10:30 a.m.–2 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Chabot Space & Science Center, Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/paint-sip-solstice-stars-a-summer-sky-celebration/\">Paint & Sip: Solstice Stars:\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> June 19, 6:30–8:30 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://chabotspace.org/calendar/hike-sip-easy-moderate-june-21/\">Hike & Sip: Solstice Stargazing:\u003c/a> June 21, 6–9:30 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.calacademy.org/community-science/solstice-sea-star-search\">Solstice Sea Star Search:\u003c/a> Happening throughout June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>East Bay Regional Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://anc.apm.activecommunities.com/ebparks/activity/search/detail/51932?onlineSiteId=0&from_original_cui=true\">Solstice Sunrise Hike at Coyote Hills Regional Park:\u003c/a> June 21, 8–10 a.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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},
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"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
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"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
},
"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
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