Trump Memo Delays New Rule Giving Native Tribes Another Shot at US Recognition
Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush
'We're in a New Era': On 52nd Anniversary of Alcatraz Occupation, Biden Administration Commits to Native American Inclusion
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Feb. 13: This story was updated to reflect the news that the rule change was being delayed while the Trump administration reviews it.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/native-american\"> Native American\u003c/a> tribes that unsuccessfully petitioned for federal recognition have been barred from trying again. The Biden administration, in its final months, moved to lift that ban, but federal officials on Thursday delayed the change a day before it was set to take effect — and some in Indian Country say they’re holding their breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re living in somewhat unprecedented times of pushing the boundary of executive authority over a variety of things,” Elizabeth Reese, a Stanford Law School professor and citizen of the Nambé Pueblo, told KQED before the rule change was delayed. “I think we’re all watching to see if the [Trump] administration continues the Biden administration policy on lifting that ban for re-petitioning and know that this is something that a lot of tribes are watching for — and that it means a lot to them to be able to re-petition their federal recognition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, officials under President Trump have not given any indication whether they will ultimately keep the rule change, but the Bureau of Indian Affairs published \u003ca href=\"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2025-02558.pdf\">a document (PDF)\u003c/a> on Thursday in the Federal Register that delayed lifting the ban on re-petitioning until March 21 while the Trump administration reviews it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal recognition designates a tribe as a sovereign nation and gives it access to federal resources it wouldn’t otherwise be eligible for. Petitioning, an administrative process within the Department of the Interior’s Office of Federal Acknowledgement, is the most common of the few ways tribes can presently get recognition — including through a congressional act and a federal court ruling — but it’s also notoriously lengthy and complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tribes can wait years before their petitions are denied, exhausting appeals, and then — since explicitly being banned in 1994 — being left with no way to petition again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s been the case for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101889209/east-bay-ohlone-tribes-struggle-for-federal-recognition\">the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe\u003c/a> in the Bay Area, which was denied in 2002.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chairwoman Charlene Nijmeh said deciding to re-petition is not so simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957424\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11957424 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01.jpg\" alt=\"A woman stand in the shadows. Her face and body are illuminated by a spotlight. She has long, brown hair and wears a blue and tan-print jacket and jeans. She looks somber.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlene Nijmeh, chair of the Muwekma Ohlone tribe in the Bay Area, stands for a portrait next to Strawberry Creek in Berkeley, California, on Friday, Nov. 27, 2020. The East Bay Ohlone tribe has long struggled for federal recognition. \u003ccite>(Lea Suzuki/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a promise,” she said. “The question I have is: Are these the same people — which I know they are in the [Interior Department’s] Office of Federal Acknowledgement — are those the same people determining our petition again, who determined it the first time when they gave us the denial?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That doesn’t mean Nijmeh is opposed to removing the ban on re-petitioning, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For too long, the recognition process has been broken and has led to deeply unjust determinations that are not rooted in fairness or even the public interest,” Nijmeh wrote in a letter to Bureau of Indian Affairs administrators ahead of the change that she shared with KQED. “This rule change will make just a little bit fairer, creating a narrow window for justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another attempt to do away with the ban in a 2015 final rule failed. That was until a 2020 federal court ruling found that the Department of the Interior’s reasons for implementing the ban were “arbitrary and capricious,” leading the Interior Department to reconsider the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muwekma would be one of more than 30 tribes, including four in California, that would be able to re-petition for recognition if the rule change goes into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bureau of Indian Affairs Director Bryan Mercier, in Thursday’s Federal Register document, said the rule change was delayed because of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/regulatory-freeze-pending-review/\">Trump memo on a “regulatory freeze”\u003c/a> issued on his first day in office, requiring all executive agencies and departments to consider postponing final rules 60 days from its effective date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether to allow re-petitioning is a policy determination that falls within the scope of ‘the management of all Indian affairs,’ and the new administration needs time to review the policy determination, consistent with the direction set forth in the [presidential memo],” Mercier wrote in the document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from the Department of the Interior and Bureau of Indian Affairs did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12010054 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/10/GettyImages-1322038432.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the Trump administration has not given any indication whether it will keep the rule change or otherwise delay it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the process was created in 1978, only 18 of the country’s 574 federally recognized tribes have gained recognition through petitioning. Most came through signing treaties — an option that is no longer available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pamunkey Indian Tribe in Virginia most recently received acknowledgment through the process in 2016. President Donald Trump also signed an executive order on one of his first days asking the Department of the Interior to create a plan for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/25/g-s1-44677/lumbee-tribe-recognition-north-carolina-trump\">recognizing the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina\u003c/a>, which has long sought the designation but has faced pushback from other tribes over the legitimacy of its claim to Native identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the re-petitioning rule change does eventually take effect, Reese, the Stanford law professor, said the Trump administration’s attempts to slash government bureaucracy won’t likely help the complicated federal recognition process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, questions over the administration’s attempts to freeze federal funding and eliminate diversity initiatives stirred uncertainty among tribal leaders. Last month, however, Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum signed an order that excludes tribal nations from Trump’s directives targeting “Diversity, Equity and Inclusion and Gender Ideology Extremism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026280\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/AP25016621783047-1-1-scaled-e1738972969977.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Gov. Doug Burgum, President-elect Donald Trump’s choice to lead the Interior Department as Secretary of the Interior, testifies before the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, Jan. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Jose Luis Magana/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Matthew Campbell, deputy director of the Native American Rights Fund and member of the Native Village of Gambell, said it’s still too early to see how Burgum might lead the Department of the Interior, which houses the Bureau of Indian Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important that we always remind the administration of the important relationships that tribal nations have with the United States and the unique history and political nature of that relationship,” Campbell said, “and the unique obligation that the United States has to consult with tribal nations before they take action that may harm or affect tribes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s new leadership has a variety of relationships with Indian Country. Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem was banned from all tribal lands in her home state of South Dakota until one tribe \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/kristi-noem-tribal-ban-south-dakota-e6d39081a38ff9961400a582c3153ee3\">lifted its order\u003c/a> days before her confirmation hearing. Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Trump’s nominee to lead the Health and Human Services Department, was endorsed by some tribal nations during his failed presidential campaign and candidacy for the Cabinet post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reese said some of Trump’s policies actually align with Indian Country needs. Shrinking the size of the federal government, for example, “actually does need to happen in Indian Country,” she said, and giving “more freedom and flexibility to tribes in how they spend federal dollars is good policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The concern is that the dollars themselves are still incredibly vital,” she continued. “I worry that in cutting inefficient bureaucracies, Trump will go beyond that and cut what he thinks are unnecessary programs that are, in fact, very necessary to the health and safety of Native people across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the Muwekma, tribal leaders have since turned to trying to gain recognition through an act of Congress, with Nijmeh even unsuccessfully running for a South Bay seat in last year’s March primary. Pushback, including from federally recognized tribes, has stalled their efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the pushback from lawmakers centered on concerns about tribal gaming in the Bay Area and keeping the recognition process fair for all tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because other members of the Bay Area congressional delegation share my concerns about gaming, the Tribe’s decision has left us at an impasse,” former Rep. Anna Eshoo wrote in an Aug. 22 letter to the San José City Council, “and prevented us from engaging constructively on the complex underlying issue of whether legislative recognition should be pursued at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Zoe Lofgren, who Nijmeh ran against in that March primary, also called a San José City Council resolution urging congressional action “misleading.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nijmeh told KQED that building a casino is not why the Muwekma want federal recognition, but they also don’t want to give up that right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is our right, as a sovereign, to use that economic tool if we choose to do it. And that is the word: ‘choose,’” Nijmeh said. “Our current administration is not looking at that right now. We’re focusing on keeping our 614 tribal citizens in our homeland, being able to buy or acquire land to build our native village, to keep our children here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution in San José ultimately died. A similar Richmond City Council resolution to support the tribe’s bid — brought forward by former Councilmember Gayle McLaughlin, who told KQED ahead of the vote that she had no worries about gaming — was postponed indefinitely last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to opposition to the tribe’s efforts, Nijmeh said the tribe’s spirit “will never die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I pray this time it will be different,” Nijmeh said in that letter to the Bureau of Indian Affairs. “But either way, Muwekma Ohlone is a Sovereign Nation, and we will continue to be one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Bay Area’s Muwekma Ohlone Tribe is among more than 30 groups allowed to re-petition for federal recognition if a Biden administration rule change takes effect.\r\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Feb. 13: This story was updated to reflect the news that the rule change was being delayed while the Trump administration reviews it.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/native-american\"> Native American\u003c/a> tribes that unsuccessfully petitioned for federal recognition have been barred from trying again. The Biden administration, in its final months, moved to lift that ban, but federal officials on Thursday delayed the change a day before it was set to take effect — and some in Indian Country say they’re holding their breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re living in somewhat unprecedented times of pushing the boundary of executive authority over a variety of things,” Elizabeth Reese, a Stanford Law School professor and citizen of the Nambé Pueblo, told KQED before the rule change was delayed. “I think we’re all watching to see if the [Trump] administration continues the Biden administration policy on lifting that ban for re-petitioning and know that this is something that a lot of tribes are watching for — and that it means a lot to them to be able to re-petition their federal recognition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, officials under President Trump have not given any indication whether they will ultimately keep the rule change, but the Bureau of Indian Affairs published \u003ca href=\"https://public-inspection.federalregister.gov/2025-02558.pdf\">a document (PDF)\u003c/a> on Thursday in the Federal Register that delayed lifting the ban on re-petitioning until March 21 while the Trump administration reviews it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal recognition designates a tribe as a sovereign nation and gives it access to federal resources it wouldn’t otherwise be eligible for. Petitioning, an administrative process within the Department of the Interior’s Office of Federal Acknowledgement, is the most common of the few ways tribes can presently get recognition — including through a congressional act and a federal court ruling — but it’s also notoriously lengthy and complicated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tribes can wait years before their petitions are denied, exhausting appeals, and then — since explicitly being banned in 1994 — being left with no way to petition again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s been the case for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101889209/east-bay-ohlone-tribes-struggle-for-federal-recognition\">the Muwekma Ohlone Tribe\u003c/a> in the Bay Area, which was denied in 2002.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chairwoman Charlene Nijmeh said deciding to re-petition is not so simple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11957424\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11957424 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01.jpg\" alt=\"A woman stand in the shadows. Her face and body are illuminated by a spotlight. She has long, brown hair and wears a blue and tan-print jacket and jeans. She looks somber.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/08/TribalBuyBack01-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Charlene Nijmeh, chair of the Muwekma Ohlone tribe in the Bay Area, stands for a portrait next to Strawberry Creek in Berkeley, California, on Friday, Nov. 27, 2020. The East Bay Ohlone tribe has long struggled for federal recognition. \u003ccite>(Lea Suzuki/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a promise,” she said. “The question I have is: Are these the same people — which I know they are in the [Interior Department’s] Office of Federal Acknowledgement — are those the same people determining our petition again, who determined it the first time when they gave us the denial?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That doesn’t mean Nijmeh is opposed to removing the ban on re-petitioning, though.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For too long, the recognition process has been broken and has led to deeply unjust determinations that are not rooted in fairness or even the public interest,” Nijmeh wrote in a letter to Bureau of Indian Affairs administrators ahead of the change that she shared with KQED. “This rule change will make just a little bit fairer, creating a narrow window for justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another attempt to do away with the ban in a 2015 final rule failed. That was until a 2020 federal court ruling found that the Department of the Interior’s reasons for implementing the ban were “arbitrary and capricious,” leading the Interior Department to reconsider the ban.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muwekma would be one of more than 30 tribes, including four in California, that would be able to re-petition for recognition if the rule change goes into effect.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bureau of Indian Affairs Director Bryan Mercier, in Thursday’s Federal Register document, said the rule change was delayed because of a \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/regulatory-freeze-pending-review/\">Trump memo on a “regulatory freeze”\u003c/a> issued on his first day in office, requiring all executive agencies and departments to consider postponing final rules 60 days from its effective date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Whether to allow re-petitioning is a policy determination that falls within the scope of ‘the management of all Indian affairs,’ and the new administration needs time to review the policy determination, consistent with the direction set forth in the [presidential memo],” Mercier wrote in the document.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Representatives from the Department of the Interior and Bureau of Indian Affairs did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far, the Trump administration has not given any indication whether it will keep the rule change or otherwise delay it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the process was created in 1978, only 18 of the country’s 574 federally recognized tribes have gained recognition through petitioning. Most came through signing treaties — an option that is no longer available.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Pamunkey Indian Tribe in Virginia most recently received acknowledgment through the process in 2016. President Donald Trump also signed an executive order on one of his first days asking the Department of the Interior to create a plan for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/25/g-s1-44677/lumbee-tribe-recognition-north-carolina-trump\">recognizing the Lumbee Tribe of North Carolina\u003c/a>, which has long sought the designation but has faced pushback from other tribes over the legitimacy of its claim to Native identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if the re-petitioning rule change does eventually take effect, Reese, the Stanford law professor, said the Trump administration’s attempts to slash government bureaucracy won’t likely help the complicated federal recognition process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, questions over the administration’s attempts to freeze federal funding and eliminate diversity initiatives stirred uncertainty among tribal leaders. Last month, however, Secretary of the Interior Doug Burgum signed an order that excludes tribal nations from Trump’s directives targeting “Diversity, Equity and Inclusion and Gender Ideology Extremism.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12026280\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12026280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/AP25016621783047-1-1-scaled-e1738972969977.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Former Gov. Doug Burgum, President-elect Donald Trump’s choice to lead the Interior Department as Secretary of the Interior, testifies before the Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee on Capitol Hill in Washington, Thursday, Jan. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Jose Luis Magana/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Matthew Campbell, deputy director of the Native American Rights Fund and member of the Native Village of Gambell, said it’s still too early to see how Burgum might lead the Department of the Interior, which houses the Bureau of Indian Affairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s important that we always remind the administration of the important relationships that tribal nations have with the United States and the unique history and political nature of that relationship,” Campbell said, “and the unique obligation that the United States has to consult with tribal nations before they take action that may harm or affect tribes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump’s new leadership has a variety of relationships with Indian Country. Homeland Security Secretary Kristi Noem was banned from all tribal lands in her home state of South Dakota until one tribe \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/kristi-noem-tribal-ban-south-dakota-e6d39081a38ff9961400a582c3153ee3\">lifted its order\u003c/a> days before her confirmation hearing. Robert F. Kennedy Jr., Trump’s nominee to lead the Health and Human Services Department, was endorsed by some tribal nations during his failed presidential campaign and candidacy for the Cabinet post.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reese said some of Trump’s policies actually align with Indian Country needs. Shrinking the size of the federal government, for example, “actually does need to happen in Indian Country,” she said, and giving “more freedom and flexibility to tribes in how they spend federal dollars is good policy.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The concern is that the dollars themselves are still incredibly vital,” she continued. “I worry that in cutting inefficient bureaucracies, Trump will go beyond that and cut what he thinks are unnecessary programs that are, in fact, very necessary to the health and safety of Native people across the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the Muwekma, tribal leaders have since turned to trying to gain recognition through an act of Congress, with Nijmeh even unsuccessfully running for a South Bay seat in last year’s March primary. Pushback, including from federally recognized tribes, has stalled their efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the pushback from lawmakers centered on concerns about tribal gaming in the Bay Area and keeping the recognition process fair for all tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because other members of the Bay Area congressional delegation share my concerns about gaming, the Tribe’s decision has left us at an impasse,” former Rep. Anna Eshoo wrote in an Aug. 22 letter to the San José City Council, “and prevented us from engaging constructively on the complex underlying issue of whether legislative recognition should be pursued at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rep. Zoe Lofgren, who Nijmeh ran against in that March primary, also called a San José City Council resolution urging congressional action “misleading.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nijmeh told KQED that building a casino is not why the Muwekma want federal recognition, but they also don’t want to give up that right.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is our right, as a sovereign, to use that economic tool if we choose to do it. And that is the word: ‘choose,’” Nijmeh said. “Our current administration is not looking at that right now. We’re focusing on keeping our 614 tribal citizens in our homeland, being able to buy or acquire land to build our native village, to keep our children here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The resolution in San José ultimately died. A similar Richmond City Council resolution to support the tribe’s bid — brought forward by former Councilmember Gayle McLaughlin, who told KQED ahead of the vote that she had no worries about gaming — was postponed indefinitely last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to opposition to the tribe’s efforts, Nijmeh said the tribe’s spirit “will never die.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I pray this time it will be different,” Nijmeh said in that letter to the Bureau of Indian Affairs. “But either way, Muwekma Ohlone is a Sovereign Nation, and we will continue to be one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "northern-california-tribe-to-get-back-125-acres-of-ancestral-land-stolen-during-gold-rush",
"title": "Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush",
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"headTitle": "Northern California Tribe to Get Back 125 Acres of Ancestral Land Stolen During Gold Rush | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>California’s Yurok Tribe, which had 90% of its territory taken from it during the Gold Rush of the mid-1800s, will be getting a slice of its land back to serve as a new gateway to Redwood National and State Parks visited by 1 million people a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yurok will be the first Native people to manage tribal land with the National Park Service under a historic memorandum of understanding signed Tuesday by the tribe, Redwood National and State Parks and the nonprofit Save the Redwoods League.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement “starts the process of changing the narrative about how, by whom and for whom we steward natural lands,” Sam Hodder, president and CEO of Save the Redwoods League, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe will take ownership in 2026 of 125 acres near the tiny Northern California community of Orick in Humboldt County after restoration of a local tributary, Prairie Creek, is complete under the deal. The site will introduce visitors to Yurok customs, culture and history, the tribe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area is home to the world’s tallest trees — some reaching more than 350 feet. It’s about a mile from the Pacific coast and adjacent to the Redwood National and State Parks, which includes one national park and three California state parks totaling nearly 132,000 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The return of the land — named ’O Rew in the Yurok Language — more than a century after it was stolen from California’s largest tribe is proof of the “sheer will and perseverance of the Yurok people,” said Rosie Clayburn, the tribe’s cultural resources director. “We kind of don’t give up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"Rosie Clayburn, cultural resources director, Yurok Tribe\"]‘This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.’[/pullquote]For the tribe, redwoods are considered living beings and traditionally only fallen trees have been used to build their homes and canoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the original stewards of this land, we look forward to working together with the Redwood National and State Parks to manage it,” Clayburn said. “This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property is at the heart of the tribe’s ancestral land and was taken in the 1800s to exploit its old-growth redwoods and other natural resources, the tribe said. Save the Redwoods League bought the property in 2013 and began working with the tribe and others to restore it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the property was paved over by a lumber operation that worked there for 50 years and also buried Prairie Creek, where salmon would swim upstream from the Pacific to spawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing Land Back movement has been returning Indigenous homelands to the descendants of those who lived there for millennia before European settlers arrived. That has seen Native American tribes taking a greater role in restoring rivers and lands to how they were before they were expropriated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a 2.2-acre parking lot \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/berkeley-tribal-land-returned-b310527bcaba81fcbbc9fd9f6ff0af93\">was returned to the Ohlone people\u003c/a> where they established the first human settlement beside San Francisco Bay 5,700 years ago. In 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-environment-and-nature-forests-california-native-americans-00156ebf0d5a16eea463b3944e828e8b\">more than 500 acres\u003c/a> of redwood forest on the Lost Coast were returned the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council, a group of 10 tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ’O Rew property represents just a tiny fraction of the more than 500,000 acres of the ancestral land of the Yurok, whose reservation straddles the lower 44 miles of the Klamath River. The Yurok tribe is also helping lead efforts in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-california-native-americans-dams-salmon-311ea96fda0fe1b0052ab8cef9ae36a9\">largest dam removal project\u003c/a> in U.S. history along the California-Oregon border to restore the Klamath and boost the salmon population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Stories\" postID=\"forum_2010101894121,news_11966087,news_11979268,forum_2010101892718\"]Plans for ‘O Rew include a traditional Yurok village of redwood plank houses and a sweat house. There also will be a new visitor and cultural center displaying scores of sacred artefacts from deerskins to baskets that have been returned to the tribe from university and museum collections, Clayburn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center, which will include information on the redwoods and forest restoration, also will serve as a hub for the tribe to carry out their traditions, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will add more than a mile of new trails, including a new segment of the California Coastal Trail, with interpretive exhibits. The trails will connect to many of the existing trails inside the parks, including to popular old-growth redwood groves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe had already been restoring salmon habitat for three years on the property, building a meandering stream channel, two connected ponds and about 20 acres of floodplain while dismantling a defunct mill site. Crews also planted more than 50,000 native plants, including grass-like slough sedge, black cottonwood and coast redwood trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salmon were once abundant in rivers and streams running through these redwood forests, But dams, logging, development and drought — due in part to climate change — have destroyed the waterways and threatened many of these species. Last year recreational and commercial king salmon fishing seasons \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/salmon-fishing-ban-chinook-west-coast-fd818fb1489834d5f8f9371818178b11\">were closed\u003c/a> along much of the West Coast due to near-record low numbers of the iconic fish returning to their spawning grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of juvenile coho and chinook salmon and steelhead have already returned to Prairie Creek along with red-legged frogs, northwestern salamanders, waterfowl and other species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwoods National Park Superintendent Steve Mietz praised the restoration of the area and its return to the tribe, saying it is “healing the land while healing the relationships among all the people who inhabit this magnificent forest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The Yurok Tribe in Humboldt County signed an agreement with the California and National Park Service and will get back the land by 2026, as part of the growing Land Back movement.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California’s Yurok Tribe, which had 90% of its territory taken from it during the Gold Rush of the mid-1800s, will be getting a slice of its land back to serve as a new gateway to Redwood National and State Parks visited by 1 million people a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Yurok will be the first Native people to manage tribal land with the National Park Service under a historic memorandum of understanding signed Tuesday by the tribe, Redwood National and State Parks and the nonprofit Save the Redwoods League.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agreement “starts the process of changing the narrative about how, by whom and for whom we steward natural lands,” Sam Hodder, president and CEO of Save the Redwoods League, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe will take ownership in 2026 of 125 acres near the tiny Northern California community of Orick in Humboldt County after restoration of a local tributary, Prairie Creek, is complete under the deal. The site will introduce visitors to Yurok customs, culture and history, the tribe said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The area is home to the world’s tallest trees — some reaching more than 350 feet. It’s about a mile from the Pacific coast and adjacent to the Redwood National and State Parks, which includes one national park and three California state parks totaling nearly 132,000 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The return of the land — named ’O Rew in the Yurok Language — more than a century after it was stolen from California’s largest tribe is proof of the “sheer will and perseverance of the Yurok people,” said Rosie Clayburn, the tribe’s cultural resources director. “We kind of don’t give up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>For the tribe, redwoods are considered living beings and traditionally only fallen trees have been used to build their homes and canoes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As the original stewards of this land, we look forward to working together with the Redwood National and State Parks to manage it,” Clayburn said. “This is work that we’ve always done, and continued to fight for, but I feel like the rest of world is catching up right now and starting to see that Native people know how to manage this land the best.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The property is at the heart of the tribe’s ancestral land and was taken in the 1800s to exploit its old-growth redwoods and other natural resources, the tribe said. Save the Redwoods League bought the property in 2013 and began working with the tribe and others to restore it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of the property was paved over by a lumber operation that worked there for 50 years and also buried Prairie Creek, where salmon would swim upstream from the Pacific to spawn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing Land Back movement has been returning Indigenous homelands to the descendants of those who lived there for millennia before European settlers arrived. That has seen Native American tribes taking a greater role in restoring rivers and lands to how they were before they were expropriated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week, a 2.2-acre parking lot \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/berkeley-tribal-land-returned-b310527bcaba81fcbbc9fd9f6ff0af93\">was returned to the Ohlone people\u003c/a> where they established the first human settlement beside San Francisco Bay 5,700 years ago. In 2022, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-environment-and-nature-forests-california-native-americans-00156ebf0d5a16eea463b3944e828e8b\">more than 500 acres\u003c/a> of redwood forest on the Lost Coast were returned the InterTribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council, a group of 10 tribes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ’O Rew property represents just a tiny fraction of the more than 500,000 acres of the ancestral land of the Yurok, whose reservation straddles the lower 44 miles of the Klamath River. The Yurok tribe is also helping lead efforts in the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/business-california-native-americans-dams-salmon-311ea96fda0fe1b0052ab8cef9ae36a9\">largest dam removal project\u003c/a> in U.S. history along the California-Oregon border to restore the Klamath and boost the salmon population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Plans for ‘O Rew include a traditional Yurok village of redwood plank houses and a sweat house. There also will be a new visitor and cultural center displaying scores of sacred artefacts from deerskins to baskets that have been returned to the tribe from university and museum collections, Clayburn said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The center, which will include information on the redwoods and forest restoration, also will serve as a hub for the tribe to carry out their traditions, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It will add more than a mile of new trails, including a new segment of the California Coastal Trail, with interpretive exhibits. The trails will connect to many of the existing trails inside the parks, including to popular old-growth redwood groves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tribe had already been restoring salmon habitat for three years on the property, building a meandering stream channel, two connected ponds and about 20 acres of floodplain while dismantling a defunct mill site. Crews also planted more than 50,000 native plants, including grass-like slough sedge, black cottonwood and coast redwood trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Salmon were once abundant in rivers and streams running through these redwood forests, But dams, logging, development and drought — due in part to climate change — have destroyed the waterways and threatened many of these species. Last year recreational and commercial king salmon fishing seasons \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/salmon-fishing-ban-chinook-west-coast-fd818fb1489834d5f8f9371818178b11\">were closed\u003c/a> along much of the West Coast due to near-record low numbers of the iconic fish returning to their spawning grounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thousands of juvenile coho and chinook salmon and steelhead have already returned to Prairie Creek along with red-legged frogs, northwestern salamanders, waterfowl and other species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Redwoods National Park Superintendent Steve Mietz praised the restoration of the area and its return to the tribe, saying it is “healing the land while healing the relationships among all the people who inhabit this magnificent forest.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "were-in-a-new-era-on-52nd-anniversary-of-alcatraz-occupation-biden-administration-commits-to-native-american-inclusion",
"title": "'We're in a New Era': On 52nd Anniversary of Alcatraz Occupation, Biden Administration Commits to Native American Inclusion",
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"headTitle": "‘We’re in a New Era’: On 52nd Anniversary of Alcatraz Occupation, Biden Administration Commits to Native American Inclusion | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Saturday marked 52 years since Native American activists occupied Alcatraz Island to bring attention to past and ongoing injustices against Native peoples — and it’s a day that brought promises for more inclusion from the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 80 people came out to Alcatraz to honor the anniversary of that historic struggle, including a few Native Americans who were part of the original occupation, like Dr. LaNada War Jack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The intent was to turn the prison into a positive site where Native people could show the world how to live with natural laws, preserving our ecological balance, as our ancestors did for thousands of years,” War Jack said in a speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anniversary also was marked by a visit and speech from Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/15/977558590/deb-haaland-confirmed-as-first-native-american-interior-secretary\">the nation’s first Native American cabinet secretary\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haaland spoke directly to the press on Alcatraz’s parade ground, facing San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ramaytush.org/\">which is Ramaytush Ohlone land\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The occupation of Alcatraz Island by Indigenous people in 1969 was more than a call for action. It was a cry for a sense of community and the life ways that were stolen from us,” she said. “We’re in a new era, an era in which we can embrace our identities as Indigenous people and be proud of how much we have accomplished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897054\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897054\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Women sit and listen to a speech. The photo is from the waist up. One woman leans against the shoulder of another and smiles.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">LaNada War Jack and Jessica James embrace during a speech by Interior Secretary Deb Haaland at Alcatraz Island on Nov. 20, 2021, on the 52nd anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Haaland said a new era is unfolding, in which tribal leaders gather to craft new policies for the needs of tribes, and have a “seat at the table before decisions are made that impact their communities.” She said this new era is also a promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s that commitment that drives the work we do at the Department of the Interior, whether it’s restoring tribal homelands and empowering tribes to make decisions for their communities, or putting the power of the federal government behind the work to address the Missing and Murdered Indigenous Peoples crisis, and the intensive process we are undertaking to heal from the terrible impacts that Indian boarding schools have had on our communities,” she said. “We are centering Indigenous voices in all of our work because we are still here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haaland’s choice of Alcatraz Island as a site for her speech was significant, as 52 years ago, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13870041/alcatraz-occupation-50\">became a site of Native American activism that forever changed government policy\u003c/a> and asserted the organizing power of Indigenous peoples.[aside postID=news_11896047]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On November 20, 1969, a group of Native Americans landed on Alcatraz Island, launching an occupation that lasted for a year and a half. The action was based on an established legal principle of reclaiming abandoned federal lands for Native use. The group’s claim came after years of watching the U.S. government terminate the status of over 100 tribes and remove approximately \u003ca href=\"http://www.nativepartnership.org/site/PageServer?pagename=PWNA_Native_History_terminationpolicySW\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2,500,000 acres of trust land from protected status\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be fitting and symbolic that ships from all over the world, entering the Golden Gate, would first see Indian land, and thus be reminded of the true history of this nation,” one of the young occupation leaders, Richard Oakes, told news cameras that day. “This tiny island would be a symbol of the great lands once ruled by free and noble Indians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to reporters Saturday, Oakes’s son, Richard Oakes Jr., echoed the words of his late father: “Alcatraz is not an island. It’s an idea, right? The idea that the conditions of the island are the same or similar to reservations throughout the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists are still calling for the original demands made 52 years ago. War Jack told the crowd on Saturday that the effort to recognize Native Americans on Alcatraz Island with a cultural center is again moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897065\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897065\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man is in the foreground, blurred, seen speaking to a crowd of seated people inside a building on Alcatraz Island.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eloy Martinez speaks at Alcatraz Island on Nov. 20, 2021, on the 52nd anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz. Martinez was a part of the group that, on Nov. 20, 1969, set up camp on Alcatraz Island in nonviolent protest, claiming it as Indian land under the Treaty of Fort Laramie. They stayed on the island until June 11, 1971, when federal marshals removed them. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I need to announce that we had previously met with the Secretary of Interior who has been here to share this occasion with us. We were very honored to have her here and it says a lot for the changes in the new public policies that we’re going through right now,” she said. “I’m really grateful that we have been acknowledged and that we may have a chance to go forward in the future with our museum and cultural center that we proposed 52 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of the Interior, which Haaland oversees, itself oversees the National Park Service, which runs Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cultural center is still not a done deal, however, War Jack said. “We’re still pushing on and we’re still struggling and fighting to preserve our momentum of continuing to fight for social justice and political sovereignty.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Richard Oakes Jr.\"]‘Alcatraz is not an island. It’s an idea, right? The idea that the conditions of the island are the same or similar to reservations throughout the world.’[/pullquote]Haaland is an enrolled member of the Pueblo of Laguna in New Mexico. Her Alcatraz speech was the latest from the Biden administration to address Native American communities. Just Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/19/1057367325/interior-secretary-deb-haaland-moves-to-ban-the-word-squaw-from-federal-lands\">Haaland formally declared “squaw” to be a derogatory term\u003c/a> and ordered a task force to find replacement names for valleys, lakes, creeks and other sites on federal lands that use the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, which takes effect immediately, stands to affect more than 650 place names that use the term, according to figures from the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racist terms have no place in our vernacular or on our federal lands. Our nation’s lands and waters should be places to celebrate the outdoors and our shared cultural heritage — not to perpetuate the legacies of oppression,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/secretary-haaland-takes-action-remove-derogatory-names-federal-lands\">Haaland said in a news release about the change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897055\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897055\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man with long gray hair bangs a ceremonial drum outside a former prison building on Alcatraz Island.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jesus Perez Moya drums as the ferry he is riding docks at Alcatraz on Nov. 20, 2021, on the 52nd anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery-item.htm?id=2BAB1F15-1DD8-B71B-0B193DEC6C1E3B9B&gid=2B7BBC20-1DD8-B71B-0BCEE5D41070C6C5\">origin of the word “squaw”\u003c/a> has been traced to the Algonquian language, in which it meant “woman.” But \u003ca href=\"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED490469.pdf\">its meaning was skewed by centuries of use by white people\u003c/a>, including colonizers in the 1600s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The term has historically been used as an offensive ethnic, racial, and sexist slur, particularly for Indigenous women,” the statement from the Interior Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new federal action is one of the largest steps yet in the push to strip hurtful words from place names. In recent decades, several states from Maine to Oregon have dropped the term “squaw” from place names. And earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/14/1036914217/palisades-tahoe-ski-resort-changes-name-racist-sexist\">a famous Lake Tahoe ski resort dropped its long-running name\u003c/a>, saying it was racist and sexist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the policy shift comes as the U.S. marks Native American Heritage Month. Days ago, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/15/1055936716/biden-signs-order-to-address-violence-against-native-people-at-tribal-nations-su\">President Biden hosted a summit with tribal nations at the White House\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897056\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897056\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An island with a prison and lighthouse visible atop it on a sunny day. A ferry passes by in the foreground.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A boat passes by Alcatraz on Nov. 20, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the gains made for Native Americans since Haaland was confirmed to the Department of the Interior in March, there are still issues Native communities are pursuing that she’s yet to publicly support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Alcatraz Saturday, when reporters asked Haaland if she’d travel to sites where Indigenous people are protesting pipelines, copper mines, lithium mines and more, she declined to answer directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I appreciate the question. I want you to know I have a portfolio. We are in charge of all public lands, national parks and so forth in the country to that extent. That is my focus,” Haaland said, adding, “one of the things we’re really focusing on is moving a transition to clean energy forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Charlotte Buchen Khadra contributed to this report, as did NPR’s Bill Chappell.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"title": "'We're in a New Era': On 52nd Anniversary of Alcatraz Occupation, Biden Administration Commits to Native American Inclusion | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Saturday marked 52 years since Native American activists occupied Alcatraz Island to bring attention to past and ongoing injustices against Native peoples — and it’s a day that brought promises for more inclusion from the Biden administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roughly 80 people came out to Alcatraz to honor the anniversary of that historic struggle, including a few Native Americans who were part of the original occupation, like Dr. LaNada War Jack.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The intent was to turn the prison into a positive site where Native people could show the world how to live with natural laws, preserving our ecological balance, as our ancestors did for thousands of years,” War Jack said in a speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The anniversary also was marked by a visit and speech from Secretary of the Interior Deb Haaland, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/03/15/977558590/deb-haaland-confirmed-as-first-native-american-interior-secretary\">the nation’s first Native American cabinet secretary\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haaland spoke directly to the press on Alcatraz’s parade ground, facing San Francisco, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ramaytush.org/\">which is Ramaytush Ohlone land\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The occupation of Alcatraz Island by Indigenous people in 1969 was more than a call for action. It was a cry for a sense of community and the life ways that were stolen from us,” she said. “We’re in a new era, an era in which we can embrace our identities as Indigenous people and be proud of how much we have accomplished.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897054\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897054\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Women sit and listen to a speech. The photo is from the waist up. One woman leans against the shoulder of another and smiles.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52596_031_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">LaNada War Jack and Jessica James embrace during a speech by Interior Secretary Deb Haaland at Alcatraz Island on Nov. 20, 2021, on the 52nd anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Haaland said a new era is unfolding, in which tribal leaders gather to craft new policies for the needs of tribes, and have a “seat at the table before decisions are made that impact their communities.” She said this new era is also a promise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s that commitment that drives the work we do at the Department of the Interior, whether it’s restoring tribal homelands and empowering tribes to make decisions for their communities, or putting the power of the federal government behind the work to address the Missing and Murdered Indigenous Peoples crisis, and the intensive process we are undertaking to heal from the terrible impacts that Indian boarding schools have had on our communities,” she said. “We are centering Indigenous voices in all of our work because we are still here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Haaland’s choice of Alcatraz Island as a site for her speech was significant, as 52 years ago, it \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13870041/alcatraz-occupation-50\">became a site of Native American activism that forever changed government policy\u003c/a> and asserted the organizing power of Indigenous peoples.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On November 20, 1969, a group of Native Americans landed on Alcatraz Island, launching an occupation that lasted for a year and a half. The action was based on an established legal principle of reclaiming abandoned federal lands for Native use. The group’s claim came after years of watching the U.S. government terminate the status of over 100 tribes and remove approximately \u003ca href=\"http://www.nativepartnership.org/site/PageServer?pagename=PWNA_Native_History_terminationpolicySW\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">2,500,000 acres of trust land from protected status\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be fitting and symbolic that ships from all over the world, entering the Golden Gate, would first see Indian land, and thus be reminded of the true history of this nation,” one of the young occupation leaders, Richard Oakes, told news cameras that day. “This tiny island would be a symbol of the great lands once ruled by free and noble Indians.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking to reporters Saturday, Oakes’s son, Richard Oakes Jr., echoed the words of his late father: “Alcatraz is not an island. It’s an idea, right? The idea that the conditions of the island are the same or similar to reservations throughout the world.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Activists are still calling for the original demands made 52 years ago. War Jack told the crowd on Saturday that the effort to recognize Native Americans on Alcatraz Island with a cultural center is again moving forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897065\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897065\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man is in the foreground, blurred, seen speaking to a crowd of seated people inside a building on Alcatraz Island.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52613_048_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Eloy Martinez speaks at Alcatraz Island on Nov. 20, 2021, on the 52nd anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz. Martinez was a part of the group that, on Nov. 20, 1969, set up camp on Alcatraz Island in nonviolent protest, claiming it as Indian land under the Treaty of Fort Laramie. They stayed on the island until June 11, 1971, when federal marshals removed them. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I need to announce that we had previously met with the Secretary of Interior who has been here to share this occasion with us. We were very honored to have her here and it says a lot for the changes in the new public policies that we’re going through right now,” she said. “I’m really grateful that we have been acknowledged and that we may have a chance to go forward in the future with our museum and cultural center that we proposed 52 years ago.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of the Interior, which Haaland oversees, itself oversees the National Park Service, which runs Alcatraz.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The cultural center is still not a done deal, however, War Jack said. “We’re still pushing on and we’re still struggling and fighting to preserve our momentum of continuing to fight for social justice and political sovereignty.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Alcatraz is not an island. It’s an idea, right? The idea that the conditions of the island are the same or similar to reservations throughout the world.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Haaland is an enrolled member of the Pueblo of Laguna in New Mexico. Her Alcatraz speech was the latest from the Biden administration to address Native American communities. Just Friday, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/19/1057367325/interior-secretary-deb-haaland-moves-to-ban-the-word-squaw-from-federal-lands\">Haaland formally declared “squaw” to be a derogatory term\u003c/a> and ordered a task force to find replacement names for valleys, lakes, creeks and other sites on federal lands that use the word.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order, which takes effect immediately, stands to affect more than 650 place names that use the term, according to figures from the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racist terms have no place in our vernacular or on our federal lands. Our nation’s lands and waters should be places to celebrate the outdoors and our shared cultural heritage — not to perpetuate the legacies of oppression,” \u003ca href=\"https://www.doi.gov/pressreleases/secretary-haaland-takes-action-remove-derogatory-names-federal-lands\">Haaland said in a news release about the change\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897055\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897055\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man with long gray hair bangs a ceremonial drum outside a former prison building on Alcatraz Island.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52577_009_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jesus Perez Moya drums as the ferry he is riding docks at Alcatraz on Nov. 20, 2021, on the 52nd anniversary of the occupation of Alcatraz. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/media/photo/gallery-item.htm?id=2BAB1F15-1DD8-B71B-0B193DEC6C1E3B9B&gid=2B7BBC20-1DD8-B71B-0BCEE5D41070C6C5\">origin of the word “squaw”\u003c/a> has been traced to the Algonquian language, in which it meant “woman.” But \u003ca href=\"https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED490469.pdf\">its meaning was skewed by centuries of use by white people\u003c/a>, including colonizers in the 1600s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The term has historically been used as an offensive ethnic, racial, and sexist slur, particularly for Indigenous women,” the statement from the Interior Department said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new federal action is one of the largest steps yet in the push to strip hurtful words from place names. In recent decades, several states from Maine to Oregon have dropped the term “squaw” from place names. And earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/09/14/1036914217/palisades-tahoe-ski-resort-changes-name-racist-sexist\">a famous Lake Tahoe ski resort dropped its long-running name\u003c/a>, saying it was racist and sexist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of the policy shift comes as the U.S. marks Native American Heritage Month. Days ago, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/11/15/1055936716/biden-signs-order-to-address-violence-against-native-people-at-tribal-nations-su\">President Biden hosted a summit with tribal nations at the White House\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11897056\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11897056\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg\" alt=\"An island with a prison and lighthouse visible atop it on a sunny day. A ferry passes by in the foreground.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/11/RS52572_003_Alcatraz_InteriorSecretaryDebHaaland_11202021-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A boat passes by Alcatraz on Nov. 20, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the gains made for Native Americans since Haaland was confirmed to the Department of the Interior in March, there are still issues Native communities are pursuing that she’s yet to publicly support.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Alcatraz Saturday, when reporters asked Haaland if she’d travel to sites where Indigenous people are protesting pipelines, copper mines, lithium mines and more, she declined to answer directly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I appreciate the question. I want you to know I have a portfolio. We are in charge of all public lands, national parks and so forth in the country to that extent. That is my focus,” Haaland said, adding, “one of the things we’re really focusing on is moving a transition to clean energy forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"radiolab": {
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"reveal": {
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},
"rightnowish": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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},
"science-friday": {
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"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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"snap-judgment": {
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"title": "Snap Judgment",
"tagline": "Real stories with killer beats",
"info": "The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.",
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},
"soldout": {
"id": "soldout",
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