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"content": "\u003cp>The symptoms for COVID-19 hit Larry Williams pretty fast. He got sweaty, disoriented. His blood pressure dropped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They told me that they feared that I was going to have a heart attack or heart failure,” Williams said by phone from San Quentin State Prison, where he is incarcerated. “They thought I was going to crash.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, who has underlying health conditions that put him at risk for dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus on June 11, a day after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes from the bottom floor of a prison unit to a higher tier. After taking a couple loads, he asked whose belongings they were moving. He said the officer shrugged and told him the property belonged to 121 inmates who had transferred there at the end of May from the California Institution for Men in Chino.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Twenty-five of those men subsequently tested positive for the virus, and were believed to be the source of what’s become the largest COVID-19 outbreak in a California prison, infecting more than 1,600 men incarcerated at San Quentin and killing seven.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Larry Williams, COVID-19 survivor incarcerated at San Quentin\"]‘They need to provide a better facility that they can keep COVID-free, because right now, I’m one of the lucky ones.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most inmates at the prison in Marin County are being restricted to dorms or cells to prevent further spread of the virus, some routinely left those cells to provide essential work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorm porters like Williams clean group living spaces, including inmate’s toilets and showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most prison jobs pay between $.09 to $1.40 an hour, but Williams said he was not financially compensated for his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our pay was being able to come out [of our cells], stay out a little extra, being able to use the phone,” he said. “We moved the boxes because we were afraid of losing our privileges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828235\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg\" alt=\"Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1767\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-800x736.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1020x939.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-160x147.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1536x1414.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Larry Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Dana Simas responded to the allegations in a July 8 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our top priority is the health and safety of all those who live and work in our state prisons, including the incarcerated population that fulfill critical work assignments,” Simas wrote. “We are taking every precaution possible to protect the critical worker population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those precautions include providing surgical masks during critical workers’ shifts, personal protective equipment if warranted and training on infection control, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an essential worker at San Quentin who cleaned the rooms of COVID-19 patients recently told a filmmaker such protections were not in place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The worker] told me that his initial COVID training didn’t require them to use masks when they were cleaning areas where people who had been infected had been,” said Adamu Chan on a phone call from San Quentin last week. “Some of his coworkers had become infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan, who makes films about life at the prison through the nonprofit program \u003ca href=\"https://restorecal.org/firstwatch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">First Watch\u003c/a>, recently interviewed a member of a team that cleaned COVID-19 treatment rooms. That worker said he felt the team had been coerced into going into dangerous sections of the prison without proper protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of his coworkers had just stopped going to work because they didn’t feel like it was safe,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA), a civilian-led program inside California prisons that employed more than 7,000 inmates statewide in 2019, confirmed that some of their workers at San Quentin clean medical treatment rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Though these workers have been deemed ‘critical,’ none are being forced to report to work,” said spokeswoman Stephanie Eres in a July 8 email, which also laid out precautions the program is taking to protect inmates, including providing them with masks, protective eyewear and hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the type of work assignment, CALPIA said they provided additional protection through Tyvek suits or smocks and N95 masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='san-quentin']The program directors also encouraged physical distance, Eres wrote, and when working in areas where that was not possible, “CALPIA has utilized barriers between each work area or has reorganized areas to ensure staff and offenders can maintain the six-feet-apart distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eres said CALPIA closed programs at San Quentin on June 22 and has shut down 43 other programs at various prisons throughout the state due to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827142/lawmakers-want-stronger-covid-19-protections-in-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> on allegations that incarcerated workers at the California Institution for Women in Riverside also contracted the virus while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Larry Williams has nearly recovered from COVID-19, and continues to speak out about conditions in the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that the state aims to release thousands of inmates with lower-level offenses soon from San Quentin and other state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, a father of four who is serving time in San Quentin for a parole violation, hopes to be one of them. He has nearly recovered from COVID-19, but thinks more should be done to control the outbreak at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People like me that have underlying health conditions, we should be looked at and possibly allowed to go home on an ankle monitor,” he said. “Or they need to provide a better facility that they can keep us COVID-free, because right now, I’m one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While most inmates at the prison in Marin County are being restricted to dorms or cells to prevent further spread of the virus, some routinely left those cells to provide essential work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dorm porters like Williams clean group living spaces, including inmate’s toilets and showers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most prison jobs pay between $.09 to $1.40 an hour, but Williams said he was not financially compensated for his work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our pay was being able to come out [of our cells], stay out a little extra, being able to use the phone,” he said. “We moved the boxes because we were afraid of losing our privileges.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11828235\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11828235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg\" alt=\"Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1767\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-800x736.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1020x939.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-160x147.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/Larry-Williams-caught-Covid-19-at-SQ-1536x1414.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Larry Williams, who is incarcerated at San Quentin and has underlying health conditions that put him at risk of dying from COVID-19, tested positive for the virus after a correctional officer asked him to help move hundreds of boxes that had belonged to infected inmates transferred from Chino. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Larry Williams)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation spokeswoman Dana Simas responded to the allegations in a July 8 email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our top priority is the health and safety of all those who live and work in our state prisons, including the incarcerated population that fulfill critical work assignments,” Simas wrote. “We are taking every precaution possible to protect the critical worker population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those precautions include providing surgical masks during critical workers’ shifts, personal protective equipment if warranted and training on infection control, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But an essential worker at San Quentin who cleaned the rooms of COVID-19 patients recently told a filmmaker such protections were not in place for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[The worker] told me that his initial COVID training didn’t require them to use masks when they were cleaning areas where people who had been infected had been,” said Adamu Chan on a phone call from San Quentin last week. “Some of his coworkers had become infected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan, who makes films about life at the prison through the nonprofit program \u003ca href=\"https://restorecal.org/firstwatch/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">First Watch\u003c/a>, recently interviewed a member of a team that cleaned COVID-19 treatment rooms. That worker said he felt the team had been coerced into going into dangerous sections of the prison without proper protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Some of his coworkers had just stopped going to work because they didn’t feel like it was safe,” Chan said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Prison Industry Authority (CALPIA), a civilian-led program inside California prisons that employed more than 7,000 inmates statewide in 2019, confirmed that some of their workers at San Quentin clean medical treatment rooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Though these workers have been deemed ‘critical,’ none are being forced to report to work,” said spokeswoman Stephanie Eres in a July 8 email, which also laid out precautions the program is taking to protect inmates, including providing them with masks, protective eyewear and hand sanitizer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Depending on the type of work assignment, CALPIA said they provided additional protection through Tyvek suits or smocks and N95 masks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The program directors also encouraged physical distance, Eres wrote, and when working in areas where that was not possible, “CALPIA has utilized barriers between each work area or has reorganized areas to ensure staff and offenders can maintain the six-feet-apart distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eres said CALPIA closed programs at San Quentin on June 22 and has shut down 43 other programs at various prisons throughout the state due to COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has also \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827142/lawmakers-want-stronger-covid-19-protections-in-california-prisons\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a> on allegations that incarcerated workers at the California Institution for Women in Riverside also contracted the virus while working.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At San Quentin, Larry Williams has nearly recovered from COVID-19, and continues to speak out about conditions in the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom said Wednesday that the state aims to release thousands of inmates with lower-level offenses soon from San Quentin and other state prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams, a father of four who is serving time in San Quentin for a parole violation, hopes to be one of them. He has nearly recovered from COVID-19, but thinks more should be done to control the outbreak at the prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People like me that have underlying health conditions, we should be looked at and possibly allowed to go home on an ankle monitor,” he said. “Or they need to provide a better facility that they can keep us COVID-free, because right now, I’m one of the lucky ones.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "state-lawmakers-urge-newsom-to-stop-transferring-people-in-prison-to-ice-in-pandemic",
"title": "State Lawmakers Urge Newsom to Stop Transferring People in Prison to ICE in Pandemic",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Tuesday, July 7, 12:00 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of state lawmakers called on Gov. Gavin Newsom Monday to stop California prison officials from transferring people to federal immigration detention during the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1O2z1Wc3GoEhkCGQuNkLKLoA-7fC35MgP/view\">letter\u003c/a> signed by 44 members of the state Senate and Assembly — as well as 18 local elected officials, including Mayor Libby Schaaf of Oakland and Mayor Michael Tubbs of Stockton — the political leaders said ending the transfers is urgently needed to help reduce the spread of COVID-19 between detention systems in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the health of Californians in custody is at risk, that puts the health of all Californians at risk,” said Assemblyman Rob Bonta, an Oakland Democrat leading the effort. “Once a Californian has paid their debt to society … they’ve earned their release from state prison or a jail, they should be released back to their community, back to their family, and not be funneled into Trump’s deportation machine … where they can be sent to circumstances where their health and life are put at risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request came as COVID-19 is raging through both the California prison system and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement facilities. In California, as of Monday, a total of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/population-status-tracking/\">5,346 people in the state prison system\u003c/a> and 949 state prison staff have been diagnosed with the virus. In addition, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">2,742 people in ICE detention\u003c/a> have tested positive for COVID-19, along with 45 ICE employees — and scores of private prison workers — at detention centers nationally, including more than 200 people who have been sickened at ICE facilities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Non-citizen immigrants, even those with longstanding, legal permanent residence, can be subject to deportation if they have a criminal record. Immigration officials commonly issue a “detainer,” requesting that prison officials notify them when an incarcerated immigrant is set to be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"california-state-prison\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week Ralph Diaz, the head of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, said in a state Senate hearing that his agency does inform ICE of incarcerated immigrants’ release dates, and coordinates a transfer to ICE agents who take the person into custody. He said he had no plan to end the practice, which he said was the same way that CDCR responds to a hold placed by any other law enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in their letter to Newsom, Bonta and the other lawmakers said California is under no legal obligation to assist the federal government with deportations, and the governor and CDCR can end the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office did not respond to a request for comment by press time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates said Monday that transfers from CDCR are the primary way that people are being taken into ICE custody in California since the start of the pandemic. CDCR transferred 575 people to ICE between Jan. 1 to May 13, according to Angela Chan, policy director for the San Francisco-based Asian Law Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said she is aware of only one instance this year in which a person was released from state prison and not picked up by ICE — that’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827388/cambodian-refugee-leaves-san-quentin-with-covid-19-but-avoids-ice-detention\">the case of Chanthon Bun\u003c/a>, a Cambodian refugee who was set free from San Quentin State Prison last week after earning early parole, having served 23 years of a 49-year sentence for an armed robbery he committed as a teenager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the day of his release, Bun went for a COVID-19 test and found out he had been infected inside the prison. If he had been transferred to ICE custody, he would have taken the virus with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said Bun’s legal team at the Asian Law Caucus is still trying to learn why Bun was not transferred to ICE, even though the agency had a detainer to arrest him. ICE officials did not answer a request for an explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=about_15238 label='Take Our Survey']However in response to the call by California lawmakers for prisons to stop cooperating with the immigration agency, ICE spokeswoman Paige Hughes released this statement: “Policy makers who strive to make it more difficult to remove dangerous criminal aliens and aim to stop the cooperation of local officials and business partners, harm the very communities whose welfare they have sworn to protect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE maintains that the safest place to take immigrants into custody is inside a locked facility of another law enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta disputed that notion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think when they say ‘safe,’ they mean ‘easy,'” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly not safer for the individual who’s being put at risk of [exposure to] COVID in detention centers. … They don’t need to be in a detention center to go through [civil deportation] proceedings. They can show up to court, they can file their paperwork, they can do all that from the safety of their community and their family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta added that making transfers convenient for ICE is not the state’s responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our issue is to look out for the health, safety and welfare of Californians,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Legislators say the transfers risk spreading COVID-19 more widely, at a time when thousands of people in state prisons and ICE detention centers have become sick.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Updated Tuesday, July 7, 12:00 p.m.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dozens of state lawmakers called on Gov. Gavin Newsom Monday to stop California prison officials from transferring people to federal immigration detention during the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a \u003ca href=\"https://drive.google.com/file/d/1O2z1Wc3GoEhkCGQuNkLKLoA-7fC35MgP/view\">letter\u003c/a> signed by 44 members of the state Senate and Assembly — as well as 18 local elected officials, including Mayor Libby Schaaf of Oakland and Mayor Michael Tubbs of Stockton — the political leaders said ending the transfers is urgently needed to help reduce the spread of COVID-19 between detention systems in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the health of Californians in custody is at risk, that puts the health of all Californians at risk,” said Assemblyman Rob Bonta, an Oakland Democrat leading the effort. “Once a Californian has paid their debt to society … they’ve earned their release from state prison or a jail, they should be released back to their community, back to their family, and not be funneled into Trump’s deportation machine … where they can be sent to circumstances where their health and life are put at risk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The request came as COVID-19 is raging through both the California prison system and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement facilities. In California, as of Monday, a total of \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdcr.ca.gov/covid19/population-status-tracking/\">5,346 people in the state prison system\u003c/a> and 949 state prison staff have been diagnosed with the virus. In addition, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/coronavirus\">2,742 people in ICE detention\u003c/a> have tested positive for COVID-19, along with 45 ICE employees — and scores of private prison workers — at detention centers nationally, including more than 200 people who have been sickened at ICE facilities in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Non-citizen immigrants, even those with longstanding, legal permanent residence, can be subject to deportation if they have a criminal record. Immigration officials commonly issue a “detainer,” requesting that prison officials notify them when an incarcerated immigrant is set to be released.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last week Ralph Diaz, the head of the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, said in a state Senate hearing that his agency does inform ICE of incarcerated immigrants’ release dates, and coordinates a transfer to ICE agents who take the person into custody. He said he had no plan to end the practice, which he said was the same way that CDCR responds to a hold placed by any other law enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in their letter to Newsom, Bonta and the other lawmakers said California is under no legal obligation to assist the federal government with deportations, and the governor and CDCR can end the policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s office did not respond to a request for comment by press time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrant advocates said Monday that transfers from CDCR are the primary way that people are being taken into ICE custody in California since the start of the pandemic. CDCR transferred 575 people to ICE between Jan. 1 to May 13, according to Angela Chan, policy director for the San Francisco-based Asian Law Caucus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said she is aware of only one instance this year in which a person was released from state prison and not picked up by ICE — that’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11827388/cambodian-refugee-leaves-san-quentin-with-covid-19-but-avoids-ice-detention\">the case of Chanthon Bun\u003c/a>, a Cambodian refugee who was set free from San Quentin State Prison last week after earning early parole, having served 23 years of a 49-year sentence for an armed robbery he committed as a teenager.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the day of his release, Bun went for a COVID-19 test and found out he had been infected inside the prison. If he had been transferred to ICE custody, he would have taken the virus with him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chan said Bun’s legal team at the Asian Law Caucus is still trying to learn why Bun was not transferred to ICE, even though the agency had a detainer to arrest him. ICE officials did not answer a request for an explanation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>However in response to the call by California lawmakers for prisons to stop cooperating with the immigration agency, ICE spokeswoman Paige Hughes released this statement: “Policy makers who strive to make it more difficult to remove dangerous criminal aliens and aim to stop the cooperation of local officials and business partners, harm the very communities whose welfare they have sworn to protect.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE maintains that the safest place to take immigrants into custody is inside a locked facility of another law enforcement agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta disputed that notion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think when they say ‘safe,’ they mean ‘easy,'” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s certainly not safer for the individual who’s being put at risk of [exposure to] COVID in detention centers. … They don’t need to be in a detention center to go through [civil deportation] proceedings. They can show up to court, they can file their paperwork, they can do all that from the safety of their community and their family.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bonta added that making transfers convenient for ICE is not the state’s responsibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our issue is to look out for the health, safety and welfare of Californians,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Newsom's California Closures Ahead of July 4th: What You Need to Know",
"title": "Newsom's California Closures Ahead of July 4th: What You Need to Know",
"headTitle": "KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>California looked like it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11823854/california-reopening-bars-gyms-movie-theaters-friday-but-not-so-fast-bay-area\">opening back up\u003c/a> ... and then it wasn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Wednesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/coronavirusliveupdates/news/11827052/newsom-orders-closure-of-bars-restaurants-and-movie-theaters-in-19-counties-ahead-of-july-4-weekend\">announced the closure\u003c/a> of many commercial indoor activities in \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1278406469663158272\">19 counties\u003c/a>, including Contra Costa, Santa Clara and Solano counties in the Bay Area. All bars, indoor restaurants, movie theaters, wineries, museums, family entertainment centers, zoos and card room gambling businesses will be closed in those counties for at least three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This move is prompted by an alarming jump in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations, and seeks to limit the transmission of the coronavirus in indoor spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The bottom line is: The spread of this virus continues at a rate that is particularly concerning,\" Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahead of what's expected to be a busy Independence Day holiday weekend, Newsom said that he wanted to be \"proactive and get us through the 4th of July weekend in a way not to see a spike in cases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are \u003cem>big\u003c/em> changes: Nearly three-quarters of California's roughly 40 million residents live in these 19 affected counties. And even if you don't live in Contra Costa, Santa Clara or Solano Counties, there are \u003cem>also\u003c/em> certain changes ahead of this holiday weekend that may still affect you in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for how and why your plans might change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What's this \"county monitoring list\" I'm hearing about?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These changes to the shelter-in-place restrictions are part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11812296/newsoms-roadmap-to-guide-california-out-of-isolation\">\"dimmer switch\" approach\u003c/a> Newsom has long promised to use in reopening the state, in which restrictions can be reinstated as well as eased. Where California officials decide to make those changes depends on how each county performs on the state Department of Public Health's \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/COVID19CountyDataTable.aspx\">monitoring list\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list records elevated disease transmission, increasing hospitalizations and limited hospital capacity metrics for every county. If a county isn't meeting threshold criteria (i.e. if it's starting to concern the state), you'll see blue numbers on this tracker, because it's joined the \"watch list.\" The 19 counties subject to Newsom's new order were called out because they've been on the watch list for at least three consecutive days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>I live in one of the Bay Area counties listed. What changes for me?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11827105\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11827105\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Indoor movie theaters are among the businesses in 19 counties subject to Gavin Newsom's July 1 order. \u003ccite>(Monica Silvestre/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday, July 1, if you live in Contra Costa, Santa Clara or Solano Counties, or any of the other 16 counties on the list, you'll see the following closures — either sustained or newly-imposed — for \u003cem>indoor\u003c/em> operations of:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Movie theaters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wineries and tasting rooms\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Family entertainment centers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Zoos\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Museums\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Card room gambling\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>...and \u003cem>all\u003c/em> bars, whether drinks are served inside or outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, this order affects indoor operations, since indoor spaces pose a higher risk of transmitting COVID-19: A restaurant's outdoor operations, for example, won't be closed by these new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bookmark your county's reopening plans to see what's in store:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.coronavirus.cchealth.org/\">Contra Costa\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/covid19/Pages/public-health-orders.aspx\">Santa Clara\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus_links/roadmap_to_recovery.asp\">Solano\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>What about open spaces and beaches in the Bay Area?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The governor announced that parking lots at many state beaches near highly populated areas will be closed — and in counties with closed local beaches, state beaches will \u003cem>also\u003c/em> be closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, parking lots will now be closed for beaches over the weekend in Marin, Monterey, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Cruz and Sonoma counties. That's in addition to existing closures of open spaces and trails around the region because of shelter-in-place orders — so if you're planning to head outside this weekend, make sure you check online before you leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why is Newsom so worried about July 4?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In his address, Newsom said family gatherings have contributed to the state's recent increase in transmission — and that it's an understandable impulse to want to get together, especially over a long holiday weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Patriotism in a COVID-19 environment can be expressed in a little bit different way,\" Newsom said, asking people to reconsider attending gatherings with those who are not in their immediate household.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, holidays mean celebration, and that often means alcohol. The governor said people may start off a gathering with good intentions, wearing face masks, but after a drink or two, might let their guard (as well as their masks) down — and begin to mix in ways that increase the transmission of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom urged Californians to continue adhering to social distancing protocols and wearing face coverings to limit the transmission of the disease. \"Wearing a face covering is a sign of toughness, of resolve, of someone who gives a damn,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why did Newsom mention firework displays?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11827109\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11827109\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fireworks displays are affected \u003ccite>(Suvan Chowdhury/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newsom recommended that the 19 counties subject to mandatory closures also consider canceling July 4 fireworks displays, to limit large crowds that could increase transmission of the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you're in the Bay Area, this hardly represents a change: Even if you feel like you're \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825976\">hearing fireworks in your street\u003c/a> most nights, virtually all official firework displays in the Bay Area have already been canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What if a business doesn't obey these new closure orders?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s order is a carrot and stick approach, and it comes with some teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor acknowledged that in a state of 40 million people, the order will be hard to enforce if people turn their backs on the guidelines. In response, the state has created multi-agency \"strike teams\" that will go after those who Newsom says are “thumbing their nose” at safety measures. State agencies included are the Department of Alcohol Beverage Control, the Barbers and Cosmetology Board, California Highway Patrol and Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's more education. I'm not coming out with a fist,\" Newsom said, who spoke of wanting to recognize the \"magnitude\" of these modifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Ghilarducci, director of California’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) said the strike teams will begin enforcing measures on July 1, with the authority to issue citations for noncompliance. The initial focus will be on the 19 counties on the watch list, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These teams will target noncompliant workplaces — for failing to protect the public, but also their workers — and will build partnerships with local public health departments and businesses, Ghilarducci said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Gov. Newsom has ordered the closure of indoor restaurants, movie theaters and all bars in these 19 California counties. How does that affect you in the Bay Area?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California looked like it was \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11823854/california-reopening-bars-gyms-movie-theaters-friday-but-not-so-fast-bay-area\">opening back up\u003c/a> ... and then it wasn't.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom on Wednesday \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/coronavirusliveupdates/news/11827052/newsom-orders-closure-of-bars-restaurants-and-movie-theaters-in-19-counties-ahead-of-july-4-weekend\">announced the closure\u003c/a> of many commercial indoor activities in \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/GavinNewsom/status/1278406469663158272\">19 counties\u003c/a>, including Contra Costa, Santa Clara and Solano counties in the Bay Area. All bars, indoor restaurants, movie theaters, wineries, museums, family entertainment centers, zoos and card room gambling businesses will be closed in those counties for at least three weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This move is prompted by an alarming jump in COVID-19 cases and hospitalizations, and seeks to limit the transmission of the coronavirus in indoor spaces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The bottom line is: The spread of this virus continues at a rate that is particularly concerning,\" Newsom said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ahead of what's expected to be a busy Independence Day holiday weekend, Newsom said that he wanted to be \"proactive and get us through the 4th of July weekend in a way not to see a spike in cases.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These are \u003cem>big\u003c/em> changes: Nearly three-quarters of California's roughly 40 million residents live in these 19 affected counties. And even if you don't live in Contra Costa, Santa Clara or Solano Counties, there are \u003cem>also\u003c/em> certain changes ahead of this holiday weekend that may still affect you in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on for how and why your plans might change.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What's this \"county monitoring list\" I'm hearing about?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>These changes to the shelter-in-place restrictions are part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11812296/newsoms-roadmap-to-guide-california-out-of-isolation\">\"dimmer switch\" approach\u003c/a> Newsom has long promised to use in reopening the state, in which restrictions can be reinstated as well as eased. Where California officials decide to make those changes depends on how each county performs on the state Department of Public Health's \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/COVID-19/COVID19CountyDataTable.aspx\">monitoring list\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The list records elevated disease transmission, increasing hospitalizations and limited hospital capacity metrics for every county. If a county isn't meeting threshold criteria (i.e. if it's starting to concern the state), you'll see blue numbers on this tracker, because it's joined the \"watch list.\" The 19 counties subject to Newsom's new order were called out because they've been on the watch list for at least three consecutive days.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>I live in one of the Bay Area counties listed. What changes for me?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11827105\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11827105\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/movie-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Indoor movie theaters are among the businesses in 19 counties subject to Gavin Newsom's July 1 order. \u003ccite>(Monica Silvestre/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As of Wednesday, July 1, if you live in Contra Costa, Santa Clara or Solano Counties, or any of the other 16 counties on the list, you'll see the following closures — either sustained or newly-imposed — for \u003cem>indoor\u003c/em> operations of:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Movie theaters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wineries and tasting rooms\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Family entertainment centers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Zoos\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Museums\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Card room gambling\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>...and \u003cem>all\u003c/em> bars, whether drinks are served inside or outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Remember, this order affects indoor operations, since indoor spaces pose a higher risk of transmitting COVID-19: A restaurant's outdoor operations, for example, won't be closed by these new rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bookmark your county's reopening plans to see what's in store:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.coronavirus.cchealth.org/\">Contra Costa\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sccgov.org/sites/covid19/Pages/public-health-orders.aspx\">Santa Clara\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.solanocounty.com/depts/ph/coronavirus_links/roadmap_to_recovery.asp\">Solano\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch3>What about open spaces and beaches in the Bay Area?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The governor announced that parking lots at many state beaches near highly populated areas will be closed — and in counties with closed local beaches, state beaches will \u003cem>also\u003c/em> be closed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area, parking lots will now be closed for beaches over the weekend in Marin, Monterey, San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Cruz and Sonoma counties. That's in addition to existing closures of open spaces and trails around the region because of shelter-in-place orders — so if you're planning to head outside this weekend, make sure you check online before you leave.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why is Newsom so worried about July 4?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>In his address, Newsom said family gatherings have contributed to the state's recent increase in transmission — and that it's an understandable impulse to want to get together, especially over a long holiday weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Patriotism in a COVID-19 environment can be expressed in a little bit different way,\" Newsom said, asking people to reconsider attending gatherings with those who are not in their immediate household.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also, holidays mean celebration, and that often means alcohol. The governor said people may start off a gathering with good intentions, wearing face masks, but after a drink or two, might let their guard (as well as their masks) down — and begin to mix in ways that increase the transmission of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom urged Californians to continue adhering to social distancing protocols and wearing face coverings to limit the transmission of the disease. \"Wearing a face covering is a sign of toughness, of resolve, of someone who gives a damn,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Why did Newsom mention firework displays?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11827109\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1900px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11827109\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1900\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks.jpg 1900w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-800x539.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-1020x687.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-160x108.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/07/fireworks-1536x1035.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1900px) 100vw, 1900px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fireworks displays are affected \u003ccite>(Suvan Chowdhury/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Newsom recommended that the 19 counties subject to mandatory closures also consider canceling July 4 fireworks displays, to limit large crowds that could increase transmission of the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But if you're in the Bay Area, this hardly represents a change: Even if you feel like you're \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825976\">hearing fireworks in your street\u003c/a> most nights, virtually all official firework displays in the Bay Area have already been canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What if a business doesn't obey these new closure orders?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s order is a carrot and stick approach, and it comes with some teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The governor acknowledged that in a state of 40 million people, the order will be hard to enforce if people turn their backs on the guidelines. In response, the state has created multi-agency \"strike teams\" that will go after those who Newsom says are “thumbing their nose” at safety measures. State agencies included are the Department of Alcohol Beverage Control, the Barbers and Cosmetology Board, California Highway Patrol and Cal/OSHA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's more education. I'm not coming out with a fist,\" Newsom said, who spoke of wanting to recognize the \"magnitude\" of these modifications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mark Ghilarducci, director of California’s Office of Emergency Services (Cal OES) said the strike teams will begin enforcing measures on July 1, with the authority to issue citations for noncompliance. The initial focus will be on the 19 counties on the watch list, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These teams will target noncompliant workplaces — for failing to protect the public, but also their workers — and will build partnerships with local public health departments and businesses, Ghilarducci said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "housing-homelessness-were-california-lawmakers-top-priorities-before-pandemic-where-do-they-stand-now",
"title": "Housing, Homelessness Were California Lawmakers' Top Priorities Before Pandemic. Where Do They Stand Now?",
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"headTitle": "Housing, Homelessness Were California Lawmakers’ Top Priorities Before Pandemic. Where Do They Stand Now? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>2020 was supposed to be the year of bold action and big changes for housing and homelessness in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom began the year with a tour of homeless and mental health services providers around the state, ending in Oakland, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11796428/newsom-to-unveil-travel-trailers-for-homeless-in-oakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he declared\u003c/a> homelessness “the issue of our time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.usich.gov/homelessness-statistics/ca/#:~:text=California%20Homelessness%20Statistics,and%20Urban%20Development%20(HUD).\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 151,000 people\u003c/a> living in tents, RVs, cars and shelters across the state, the governor announced a one-time allocation of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11802334/gov-newsom-focuses-singularly-on-homelessness-in-state-of-the-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$750 million\u003c/a> aimed at reducing homelessness — something his predecessor, Gov. Jerry Brown, had been loath to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really a sea change from the previous governor and from the Legislature,” said Chris Martin, policy director for Housing California, a Sacramento-based affordable housing nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, advocates on all sides of the housing debate watched closely as one controversial bill to promote housing production — SB 50 — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11798945/__trashed-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">drew its last breath\u003c/a> following two tense days of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613002 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco), the author of SB 50. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Authored by state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, the bill would have allowed for taller apartment buildings near transit hubs and in job-rich areas, and fourplexes in neighborhoods where only single-family homes are currently permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the bill’s defeat, Senate Pro Tem Toni Atkins, D-San Diego, vowed to pass an “historic housing production bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s economy suddenly shut down. As attention turned to easing the worst impacts of an expected economic crisis, hopes for dramatically advancing housing construction and reducing homelessness grew dim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote align=\"right\" size=\"medium\" citation=\"state Sen. Scott Wiener\"]‘It’s not a grand slam. But it’s a solid double.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates involved in housing work across the state say all was not lost in the truncated legislative session, which is now in heading into summer recess. The Legislature still has some three dozen housing bills — albeit not as ambitious as some lawmakers initially hoped — that have been approved by their house of origin and are now moving on to the next chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a grand slam,” Wiener said in a phone call last week. “But it’s a solid double.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Housing Production\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While no single bill in this legislative session is as sweeping or controversial as SB 50, \u003ca href=\"https://sd39.senate.ca.gov/news/20200520-senate-leaders-detail-housing-production-legislation-intended-increase-supply-aid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several\u003c/a> attempt to \u003ca href=\"https://a17.asmdc.org/press-releases/assembly-leaders-push-increased-housing-production\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">boost housing\u003c/a> production through some like-minded proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Senate and Assembly, for instance, are each considering a proposal to eliminate single-family zoning in the state, by allowing either two duplexes (SB 1120) or a single fourplex (AB 3040) on parcels where only one house is currently allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11823916\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11823916 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Houses in Mountain View, pictured on Feb. 19, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A house for sale in Mountain View, on Feb. 19, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another bill, SB 902, would give cities the option to circumvent state environmental reviews for construction of apartment buildings with up to 10 units that are near transit or in job-rich areas. It’s not the four- to five-story apartment buildings Weiner had hoped for in SB 50, he said, but it’s a start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will be a solid step forward in addressing the crisis,” he said. “More work will remain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Richard Bloom’s AB 1279, a revision of SB 50, targets wealthy enclaves typically averse to providing low-income housing. Unlike SB 50, which proposed taller buildings near transit, Bloom’s bill would put those four- and five-story buildings in “high-opportunity areas,” which the state’s Department of Housing and Community Development would have to specifically define by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"more housing coverage\" tag=\"housing\"]The idea is to focus new housing construction in neighborhoods with better access to jobs, schools, air quality and other factors that lead to better health and that low-income renters and homeowners have long been excluded from. Developers who take advantage of the bill would have to offer the homes or rentals at affordable prices, construct some affordable housing on site or pay a fee to fund affordable housing construction elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AB 1279 removes barriers to equitable and inclusive development,” said Frank Martinez, policy director with the Southern California Association of Nonprofit Housing. “Stopping some of the income and racial segregation in housing would be a big move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also two bills under consideration that would allow developers to turn vacant offices, dying malls and big box stores into housing. The Assembly’s version, AB 3107, requires 20% of the new housing in those commercial areas to be affordable. The Senate’s version, SB 1385, requires affordable housing only in specific circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other bills in the Senate and Assembly would expand the state’s “density bonus” law, which allows developers to build taller buildings in exchange for providing affordable housing. The Senate’s version, SB 1085, focuses on “missing middle” housing that is more affordable to middle-income earners. The proposal allows developers to build taller buildings in exchange for rental housing that is at least 30% less expensive than the median rent. The Assembly’s version, AB 2345, focuses more on boosting low-income housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11718377\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11718377 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of homes and apartments on June 13, 2018 in San Francisco, California. According to a new survey by the National Low Income Housing Coalition, renters in San Francisco need an income of $60 per hour to afford a two bedroom apartment in the city. San Francisco is followed by San Jose at $48 per hour and Oakland at $45 per hour. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And, finally, Weiner has also proposed a bill that would allow 100% affordable housing developments on parking lots owned by religious or educational institutions. SB 899 could open up around 38,000 acres of land statewide — an area roughly the size of Stockton — according to a \u003ca href=\"http://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/uploads/Mapping_the_Potential_and_Identifying_the_Barriers_to_Faith-Based_Housing_Development_May_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study\u003c/a> by the Terner Center for Housing Innovation at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something we consider quite significant in terms of opening up other opportunities to affordable housing,” said Pedro Galvao, policy director for the Non-Profit Housing Association of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These housing production bills, though, have rankled members of Livable California — a citizens group that champions local control and was one of SB 50’s chief opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty much a divide and conquer approach,” said Livable California board member Keith Gurnee. “It’s not as much on steroids as SB 50 was, but no one is really looking at how they interact with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>COVID-19 Relief for Renters and Landlords\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Responding to the crisis at hand, several lawmakers have proposed bills to ensure that tenants and homeowners who lost some or all of their wages as a result of the pandemic don’t also lose their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman David Chiu’s AB 1436, if passed, would prevent landlords from evicting tenants during the current state of emergency, as well as 90 days after, if they’ve missed rent payments because of lost wages due to the pandemic. Tenants would then be allowed to pay back missed rent over 15 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate proposal by Assemblyman Phil Ting, AB 828, would freeze evictions and foreclosures during the state of emergency and for 15 days after. It would require tenants to pay 10% of back rent each month, beginning one month after the emergency order lifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775409\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11775409\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1217\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-800x507.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-1200x761.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Area’s rental market is notoriously expensive — not to mention competitive. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is the thing we see as the highest priority right now,” said Anya Lawler of the nonprofit Western Center on Law and Poverty. “We want to give tenants security that income lost during the pandemic will not be the basis for an eviction; but that needs to be coupled with money to make sure landlords don’t lose their property, either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One bill, Atkins’ SB 1410, would provide \u003ca href=\"https://sd39.senate.ca.gov/news/20200512-senate-leaders-unveil-proposed-state-budget-approach-proposal-aid-california%E2%80%99s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tax credits to landlords\u003c/a> equal to the value of missed rental payments. The landlords could get cash now if they sell their tax credits to investors, or use them in later years. Tenants would then be on the hook for paying the state back for the missed rent over the course of the next ten years. Very low-income tenants unable to pay could have their loans forgiven.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Homelessness\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Without bills to protect tenants from eviction, homeless advocates fear the state will see a surge in homelessness, which had been growing, and was on the minds of lawmakers, even before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two bills in the Assembly establish ambitious goals for addressing homelessness: AB 2405 by Assemblywoman Autumn Burke, D-Marina del Rey, would make housing a human right for families and children by 2026. And AB 3269 by Chiu and Assemblyman Miguel Santiago, D-Los Angeles, would require cities and counties to create plans to reduce homelessness in their communities by 90% by 2028, based on 2019 rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, AB 1845 by Assemblymembers Chiu and Luz Rivas would create a new state “Office to End Homelessness,” along with a new position the governor’s office to coordinate state agencies that fund homeless housing and services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the biggest question has always been where to get the money to pay for these new state mandates and programs, especially during the current economic fallout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the $750 million Newsom proposed at the beginning of the year is no more, the governor did steer $600 million from the federal CARES ACT to acquire and rehab hotels, motels and other buildings for permanent supportive housing for the formerly homeless —\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825653/california-found-hotels-for-10000-homeless-residents-what-next\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> dubbed Project Roomkey\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11820447\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3861px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11820447\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3861\" height=\"2574\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB.jpg 3861w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3861px) 100vw, 3861px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Romelita Bautista, a homeless resident of Oakland, joined in a demonstration outside the Palms Motel in Oakland on Friday, May 22, 2020. Activist Stefani Echeverría-Fenn chained herself to a window in one of the rooms at the motel to call attention to the need for more hotel rooms during the pandemic. \u003ccite>(Erin Baldassari/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another proposal in the Assembly, AB 3300, by Assemblyman Miguel Santiago and a number of other co-signers would build off this year’s funding for homelessness programs and commit an additional $2 billion annually. But that’s only if the Legislature approves that amount in next year’s budget, which could be a tall order depending on how the economy is faring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of it may hinge on whether the federal government passes another stimulus bill. But even if that doesn’t happen, there’s talk of proposing new taxes — a 1% tax on millionaires, for example — to help pay for housing and shelters for people experiencing homelessness and for services related to that housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if no new money is found next year, the bill could still have an impact by reforming the state’s labyrinthine funding process for homeless services, said Chris Martin from Housing California. Agencies typically must apply separately to one of 30 programs split between six different state agencies, each with its own application process and funding timelines. AB 3300 would streamline that process by creating one application and allowing applicants to receive ongoing funding, so they don’t have to apply for the same money year after year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be quite significant,” said Pedro Galvao of the Nonprofit Housing Association of Northern California, “and could be really impactful, if adopted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A roundup of some three dozen bills on the state legislative docket, including proposals to end single-family neighborhoods as we know them, put apartments in church parking lots and make housing a human right for children and families. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>2020 was supposed to be the year of bold action and big changes for housing and homelessness in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom began the year with a tour of homeless and mental health services providers around the state, ending in Oakland, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11796428/newsom-to-unveil-travel-trailers-for-homeless-in-oakland\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he declared\u003c/a> homelessness “the issue of our time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With \u003ca href=\"https://www.usich.gov/homelessness-statistics/ca/#:~:text=California%20Homelessness%20Statistics,and%20Urban%20Development%20(HUD).\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">more than 151,000 people\u003c/a> living in tents, RVs, cars and shelters across the state, the governor announced a one-time allocation of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11802334/gov-newsom-focuses-singularly-on-homelessness-in-state-of-the-state\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">$750 million\u003c/a> aimed at reducing homelessness — something his predecessor, Gov. Jerry Brown, had been loath to do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really a sea change from the previous governor and from the Legislature,” said Chris Martin, policy director for Housing California, a Sacramento-based affordable housing nonprofit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around the same time, advocates on all sides of the housing debate watched closely as one controversial bill to promote housing production — SB 50 — \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11798945/__trashed-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">drew its last breath\u003c/a> following two tense days of voting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11613002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11613002 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/08/RS25468_20170515_StateCapitol_Sen_ScottWeiner_credit_BertJohnson-2-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco), the author of SB 50. \u003ccite>(Bert Johnson/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Authored by state Sen. Scott Wiener, D-San Francisco, the bill would have allowed for taller apartment buildings near transit hubs and in job-rich areas, and fourplexes in neighborhoods where only single-family homes are currently permitted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Following the bill’s defeat, Senate Pro Tem Toni Atkins, D-San Diego, vowed to pass an “historic housing production bill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s economy suddenly shut down. As attention turned to easing the worst impacts of an expected economic crisis, hopes for dramatically advancing housing construction and reducing homelessness grew dim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But advocates involved in housing work across the state say all was not lost in the truncated legislative session, which is now in heading into summer recess. The Legislature still has some three dozen housing bills — albeit not as ambitious as some lawmakers initially hoped — that have been approved by their house of origin and are now moving on to the next chamber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s not a grand slam,” Wiener said in a phone call last week. “But it’s a solid double.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Housing Production\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>While no single bill in this legislative session is as sweeping or controversial as SB 50, \u003ca href=\"https://sd39.senate.ca.gov/news/20200520-senate-leaders-detail-housing-production-legislation-intended-increase-supply-aid\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">several\u003c/a> attempt to \u003ca href=\"https://a17.asmdc.org/press-releases/assembly-leaders-push-increased-housing-production\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">boost housing\u003c/a> production through some like-minded proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Senate and Assembly, for instance, are each considering a proposal to eliminate single-family zoning in the state, by allowing either two duplexes (SB 1120) or a single fourplex (AB 3040) on parcels where only one house is currently allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11823916\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11823916 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut.jpg\" alt=\"Houses in Mountain View, pictured on Feb. 19, 2020.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS41398_005_KQED_Housing_MountainView_02192020_3321-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A house for sale in Mountain View, on Feb. 19, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another bill, SB 902, would give cities the option to circumvent state environmental reviews for construction of apartment buildings with up to 10 units that are near transit or in job-rich areas. It’s not the four- to five-story apartment buildings Weiner had hoped for in SB 50, he said, but it’s a start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It will be a solid step forward in addressing the crisis,” he said. “More work will remain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Richard Bloom’s AB 1279, a revision of SB 50, targets wealthy enclaves typically averse to providing low-income housing. Unlike SB 50, which proposed taller buildings near transit, Bloom’s bill would put those four- and five-story buildings in “high-opportunity areas,” which the state’s Department of Housing and Community Development would have to specifically define by 2022.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The idea is to focus new housing construction in neighborhoods with better access to jobs, schools, air quality and other factors that lead to better health and that low-income renters and homeowners have long been excluded from. Developers who take advantage of the bill would have to offer the homes or rentals at affordable prices, construct some affordable housing on site or pay a fee to fund affordable housing construction elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“AB 1279 removes barriers to equitable and inclusive development,” said Frank Martinez, policy director with the Southern California Association of Nonprofit Housing. “Stopping some of the income and racial segregation in housing would be a big move.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are also two bills under consideration that would allow developers to turn vacant offices, dying malls and big box stores into housing. The Assembly’s version, AB 3107, requires 20% of the new housing in those commercial areas to be affordable. The Senate’s version, SB 1385, requires affordable housing only in specific circumstances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two other bills in the Senate and Assembly would expand the state’s “density bonus” law, which allows developers to build taller buildings in exchange for providing affordable housing. The Senate’s version, SB 1085, focuses on “missing middle” housing that is more affordable to middle-income earners. The proposal allows developers to build taller buildings in exchange for rental housing that is at least 30% less expensive than the median rent. The Assembly’s version, AB 2345, focuses more on boosting low-income housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11718377\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11718377 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/01/GettyImages-973691890-e1547589744990-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A view of homes and apartments on June 13, 2018 in San Francisco, California. According to a new survey by the National Low Income Housing Coalition, renters in San Francisco need an income of $60 per hour to afford a two bedroom apartment in the city. San Francisco is followed by San Jose at $48 per hour and Oakland at $45 per hour. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And, finally, Weiner has also proposed a bill that would allow 100% affordable housing developments on parking lots owned by religious or educational institutions. SB 899 could open up around 38,000 acres of land statewide — an area roughly the size of Stockton — according to a \u003ca href=\"http://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/uploads/Mapping_the_Potential_and_Identifying_the_Barriers_to_Faith-Based_Housing_Development_May_2020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">recent study\u003c/a> by the Terner Center for Housing Innovation at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something we consider quite significant in terms of opening up other opportunities to affordable housing,” said Pedro Galvao, policy director for the Non-Profit Housing Association of Northern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These housing production bills, though, have rankled members of Livable California — a citizens group that champions local control and was one of SB 50’s chief opponents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s pretty much a divide and conquer approach,” said Livable California board member Keith Gurnee. “It’s not as much on steroids as SB 50 was, but no one is really looking at how they interact with each other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>COVID-19 Relief for Renters and Landlords\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Responding to the crisis at hand, several lawmakers have proposed bills to ensure that tenants and homeowners who lost some or all of their wages as a result of the pandemic don’t also lose their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman David Chiu’s AB 1436, if passed, would prevent landlords from evicting tenants during the current state of emergency, as well as 90 days after, if they’ve missed rent payments because of lost wages due to the pandemic. Tenants would then be allowed to pay back missed rent over 15 months.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A separate proposal by Assemblyman Phil Ting, AB 828, would freeze evictions and foreclosures during the state of emergency and for 15 days after. It would require tenants to pay 10% of back rent each month, beginning one month after the emergency order lifts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11775409\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11775409\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1217\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-800x507.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-1020x647.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/09/RS25187_GettyImages-88900792-qut-1200x761.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Area’s rental market is notoriously expensive — not to mention competitive. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This is the thing we see as the highest priority right now,” said Anya Lawler of the nonprofit Western Center on Law and Poverty. “We want to give tenants security that income lost during the pandemic will not be the basis for an eviction; but that needs to be coupled with money to make sure landlords don’t lose their property, either.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One bill, Atkins’ SB 1410, would provide \u003ca href=\"https://sd39.senate.ca.gov/news/20200512-senate-leaders-unveil-proposed-state-budget-approach-proposal-aid-california%E2%80%99s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tax credits to landlords\u003c/a> equal to the value of missed rental payments. The landlords could get cash now if they sell their tax credits to investors, or use them in later years. Tenants would then be on the hook for paying the state back for the missed rent over the course of the next ten years. Very low-income tenants unable to pay could have their loans forgiven.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Homelessness\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Without bills to protect tenants from eviction, homeless advocates fear the state will see a surge in homelessness, which had been growing, and was on the minds of lawmakers, even before the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two bills in the Assembly establish ambitious goals for addressing homelessness: AB 2405 by Assemblywoman Autumn Burke, D-Marina del Rey, would make housing a human right for families and children by 2026. And AB 3269 by Chiu and Assemblyman Miguel Santiago, D-Los Angeles, would require cities and counties to create plans to reduce homelessness in their communities by 90% by 2028, based on 2019 rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Similarly, AB 1845 by Assemblymembers Chiu and Luz Rivas would create a new state “Office to End Homelessness,” along with a new position the governor’s office to coordinate state agencies that fund homeless housing and services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the biggest question has always been where to get the money to pay for these new state mandates and programs, especially during the current economic fallout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although the $750 million Newsom proposed at the beginning of the year is no more, the governor did steer $600 million from the federal CARES ACT to acquire and rehab hotels, motels and other buildings for permanent supportive housing for the formerly homeless —\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825653/california-found-hotels-for-10000-homeless-residents-what-next\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> dubbed Project Roomkey\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11820447\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3861px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11820447\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"3861\" height=\"2574\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB.jpg 3861w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/200522-37MLK-Palms-Motel-Takeover_04_WEB-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3861px) 100vw, 3861px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Romelita Bautista, a homeless resident of Oakland, joined in a demonstration outside the Palms Motel in Oakland on Friday, May 22, 2020. Activist Stefani Echeverría-Fenn chained herself to a window in one of the rooms at the motel to call attention to the need for more hotel rooms during the pandemic. \u003ccite>(Erin Baldassari/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another proposal in the Assembly, AB 3300, by Assemblyman Miguel Santiago and a number of other co-signers would build off this year’s funding for homelessness programs and commit an additional $2 billion annually. But that’s only if the Legislature approves that amount in next year’s budget, which could be a tall order depending on how the economy is faring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of it may hinge on whether the federal government passes another stimulus bill. But even if that doesn’t happen, there’s talk of proposing new taxes — a 1% tax on millionaires, for example — to help pay for housing and shelters for people experiencing homelessness and for services related to that housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even if no new money is found next year, the bill could still have an impact by reforming the state’s labyrinthine funding process for homeless services, said Chris Martin from Housing California. Agencies typically must apply separately to one of 30 programs split between six different state agencies, each with its own application process and funding timelines. AB 3300 would streamline that process by creating one application and allowing applicants to receive ongoing funding, so they don’t have to apply for the same money year after year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It would be quite significant,” said Pedro Galvao of the Nonprofit Housing Association of Northern California, “and could be really impactful, if adopted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Saying “Californians must remain vigilant against this virus,” Gov. Gavin Newsom ordered the mandatory and immediate closure of bars in Los Angeles, Fresno and five other counties on Sunday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also released new guidelines outlining the closure of bars in counties worst hit by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“COVID-19 is still circulating in California and, in some parts of the state, growing stronger. That’s why it is critical we take this step to limit the spread of the virus in the counties that are seeing the biggest increases,” Newsom said, in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties with mandatory bar closures include Fresno, Imperial, Kern, Kings, Los Angeles, San Joaquin and Tulare counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also recommended other counties close their bars, including Contra Costa, Riverside, Sacramento, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Stanislaus and Ventura counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidance, released Sunday, calls for mandatory closure of bars in counties on the state’s “County Monitoring List” for 14 days or more. Bars in counties that remain on the list for three or more consecutive days, but less than 14 days, are recommended for closure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/scottshafer/status/1277315837435797507\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom and state health officials have said all along that reopening and closure of the economy would be driven by data, which today’s announcement underscores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are actively monitoring COVID-19 across the state and working closely with counties where there are increased rates and concerning patterns of transmission. Closing bars in these counties is one of a number of targeted actions counties are implementing across our state to slow the virus’ spread and reduce risk,” said Dr. Sonia Angell, State Public Health Officer and Director of the California Department of Public Health (CDPH).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said bars are being singled out because they are often crowded, social environments where people are talking loudly and social distancing can be difficult. Good judgment can also be compromised by alcohol, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday, the state public health department released updated figures for the pandemic in California, with an additional 5,972 COVID-19 cases and 60 additional deaths. Hospitalization rates are showing a slight uptick in the 14-day average.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Saying “Californians must remain vigilant against this virus,” Gov. Gavin Newsom ordered the mandatory and immediate closure of bars in Los Angeles, Fresno and five other counties on Sunday afternoon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also released new guidelines outlining the closure of bars in counties worst hit by the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“COVID-19 is still circulating in California and, in some parts of the state, growing stronger. That’s why it is critical we take this step to limit the spread of the virus in the counties that are seeing the biggest increases,” Newsom said, in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Counties with mandatory bar closures include Fresno, Imperial, Kern, Kings, Los Angeles, San Joaquin and Tulare counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom also recommended other counties close their bars, including Contra Costa, Riverside, Sacramento, San Bernardino, Santa Barbara, Santa Clara, Stanislaus and Ventura counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new guidance, released Sunday, calls for mandatory closure of bars in counties on the state’s “County Monitoring List” for 14 days or more. Bars in counties that remain on the list for three or more consecutive days, but less than 14 days, are recommended for closure.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Newsom and state health officials have said all along that reopening and closure of the economy would be driven by data, which today’s announcement underscores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are actively monitoring COVID-19 across the state and working closely with counties where there are increased rates and concerning patterns of transmission. Closing bars in these counties is one of a number of targeted actions counties are implementing across our state to slow the virus’ spread and reduce risk,” said Dr. Sonia Angell, State Public Health Officer and Director of the California Department of Public Health (CDPH).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials said bars are being singled out because they are often crowded, social environments where people are talking loudly and social distancing can be difficult. Good judgment can also be compromised by alcohol, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saturday, the state public health department released updated figures for the pandemic in California, with an additional 5,972 COVID-19 cases and 60 additional deaths. Hospitalization rates are showing a slight uptick in the 14-day average.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Alan Tolbert first walked into San Francisco’s Hotel Whitcomb in April, he couldn’t help but smile. For the first time in two years, he had a room to call his own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just great being here,” said Tolbert, who shares his room with his pitbull terrier, Coco. “I love it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolbert is one of more than 10,000 homeless seniors and people with medical conditions who were able to move into hotel rooms in California through a state-led effort to isolate and quarantine people during the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom introduced the program, dubbed \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11818462/newsoms-budget-puts-new-focus-on-buying-hotels-to-house-homeless\">Project Roomkey\u003c/a>, in April as a temporary solution to reduce the potential spread of COVID-19 among people living in emergency shelters and outdoor tent communities. As of Friday, the state had filled 10,644 hotel rooms, and leased a total of 15,837.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Alan Tolbert, unhoused resident moved into an SF hotel due to COVID-19\"]‘They’re not going to put us on the street… That defeats the purpose. They’re going to have to do something, right?’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Newsom says he wants to turn that temporary solution into a permanent one by helping counties buy hotels and motels across the state. Advocates for people experiencing homelessness say it’s a rare opportunity to put a meaningful dent in the state’s housing shortage by providing housing for around 10% of the state’s more than 150,000 homeless residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a unique chance to avoid some of the complex funding and permitting schemes that often stymie such projects, said Amanda Wehrman, deputy director of HomeBase, a public policy nonprofit focused on addressing homelessness. That’s not to say the project hasn’t been without \u003ca href=\"https://www.whittierdailynews.com/city-officials-oppose-plan-to-house-homeless-in-norwalk-motel-county-vows-to-sue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neighborhood opposition\u003c/a> in a few cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now is a moment where we can take some meaningful steps to address the needs around homelessness,” Wehrman said. “The next thing that needs to happen is to make sure we can address our public health crisis and address homelessness through these opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area’s nine counties, officials have leased a total of 5,169 rooms, with individuals and families living in 3,339 of them, according to the state’s Department of Social Services. And so far, FEMA has agreed to provide a 75% reimbursement to counties for the rooms through June 30, unless the federal agency agrees to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/FEMA/202006-CA_NCS-all-others-TE%20Response_6012020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an extension\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s May budget proposal included $600 million in federal funds from the CARES Act to help counties purchase the hotels — but it’s unclear where the money will come from to operate the hotels and provide services for the people who live there after FEMA’s subsidies end.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Devil in the Details\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County spends roughly $2.5 million a month to house 550 people in five hotels. That includes the cost of the rooms, plus food, staffing and supportive services, said Jaime Jenett, a spokesperson for the county office of Health, Housing and Homeless Services. The leases will end in August unless extended, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s the initial outlay of purchasing a hotel, and then there is the ongoing costs of actually running programs,” Jenett said. “And a lot of what the future looks like depends on funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kerry Abbott, director of Alameda County’s Office of Homeless Care and Coordination, says it’s likely costs will fall when the facilities become permanent and social distancing protocols are lifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County estimates the cost of providing housing with supportive services to formerly homeless people on an ongoing basis to about $60 per night, per household, compared to $100 during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because there are higher transportation, medical and cleaning costs associated with providing housing during a public health emergency, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For hotel guests who have tested positive for COVID-19 or are awaiting test results, Abbott said, transportation is “much more expensive because we can only move one or two people at a time to allow for distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825792\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825792\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE.jpg\" alt=\"Alameda County public health staff take part in a training on how to use personal protective equipment while working with guests at the Radisson Hotel in Oakland in late March.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1208\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-800x503.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-1020x642.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-1536x966.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alameda County public health staff take part in a training on how to use personal protective equipment while working with guests at the Radisson Hotel in Oakland in late March. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Alameda County Health Care Services Agency)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But whether Alameda County purchases the actual hotels where guests are staying right now remains to be seen. Not all of the hotels have a suitable layout for long-term use, Abbott said, especially for an older population with mobility impairments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And others are “further along in their lifetime and need significant rehabilitation,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s true of several of the hotels being leased throughout the Bay Area. At the Hotel Whitcomb, Alan Tolbert said it can take several hours for shower water to drain due to a persistent clog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unsanitary,” he said. “I’ve been asking staff for weeks to solve this problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Related Coverage' tag='homelessness']The difficulty in retrofitting hotels for long-term use is why officials in Alameda County are eyeing other sites for permanent housing. The Alameda County Board of Supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://www.acgov.org/board/bos_calendar/documents/DocsAgendaReg_06_09_20/HEALTH%20CARE%20SERVICES/Regular%20Calendar/HCSA_GSA_296977.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">earlier this month\u003c/a> approved a $23.3 million purchase of three buildings, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2020/06/11/oaklands-old-lake-merritt-lodge-will-become-a-covid-19-homeless-shelter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two near Oakland’s Lake Merritt\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the same time, Abbott said Alameda County is working with the state to rapidly place at least 400 families and individuals staying at the hotels into existing subsidized, affordable apartments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[We’re] trying to really get people into housing now, because obviously that’s an even better situation than Project Roomkey,” she said, “but also to keep the non-congregate hotel shelters available as long as COVID continues to be so prevalent in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Going Back\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Anita de Asis Miralle, the founder and director of The Village, a community-based homeless services provider in Oakland, said her organization has a similar exit strategy. The Village has housed about 40 families and individuals in hotel rooms as an alternative to the county and the state-led Project Roomkey. It’s been able to pay for the rooms with nearly $100,000 in philanthropic donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her group is working on finding places to move people as they exit hotel rooms, anything from apartments or rooms to rent, tiny homes or working RVs. But, she says, finding those affordable options has been a real challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is very clear to us is that having people in a stable environment for any amount of time and then releasing them back into the streets is going to cause so much trauma and mental hardship,” de Asis Miralle said. “We’re not going to allow that to happen to our folks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825657\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotels_WEB-e1592937750672.jpg\" alt=\"This Comfort Inn in Oakland was one of the first hotels to become part of Project Roomkey.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1576\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This Comfort Inn in Oakland was one of the first hotels to become part of Project Roomkey. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Alameda County Health Care Services Agency)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Alan Tolbert, the opportunity to have a room in a San Francisco hotel has been transformative. The 48-year-old has congestive heart failure but saw his health improve soon after moving in, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big difference,” Tolbert said. “The feeling of privacy, I can sleep better. My stress levels are down. It’s really calmed me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolbert said there were times he would feel shortness of breath just walking through the city, because of his medical condition and the chaos of living in a shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel better now, healthier,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the future of his hotel room still unknown, Tolbert said he can’t imagine going back to a congregate shelter now, with the threat of the coronavirus still looming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not going to put us on the street,” he said. “That defeats the purpose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolbert wondered, “They’re going to have to do something, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, Newsom says he wants to turn that temporary solution into a permanent one by helping counties buy hotels and motels across the state. Advocates for people experiencing homelessness say it’s a rare opportunity to put a meaningful dent in the state’s housing shortage by providing housing for around 10% of the state’s more than 150,000 homeless residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s also a unique chance to avoid some of the complex funding and permitting schemes that often stymie such projects, said Amanda Wehrman, deputy director of HomeBase, a public policy nonprofit focused on addressing homelessness. That’s not to say the project hasn’t been without \u003ca href=\"https://www.whittierdailynews.com/city-officials-oppose-plan-to-house-homeless-in-norwalk-motel-county-vows-to-sue\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">neighborhood opposition\u003c/a> in a few cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now is a moment where we can take some meaningful steps to address the needs around homelessness,” Wehrman said. “The next thing that needs to happen is to make sure we can address our public health crisis and address homelessness through these opportunities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Bay Area’s nine counties, officials have leased a total of 5,169 rooms, with individuals and families living in 3,339 of them, according to the state’s Department of Social Services. And so far, FEMA has agreed to provide a 75% reimbursement to counties for the rooms through June 30, unless the federal agency agrees to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/Portals/9/FEMA/202006-CA_NCS-all-others-TE%20Response_6012020.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">an extension\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s May budget proposal included $600 million in federal funds from the CARES Act to help counties purchase the hotels — but it’s unclear where the money will come from to operate the hotels and provide services for the people who live there after FEMA’s subsidies end.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Devil in the Details\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Contra Costa County spends roughly $2.5 million a month to house 550 people in five hotels. That includes the cost of the rooms, plus food, staffing and supportive services, said Jaime Jenett, a spokesperson for the county office of Health, Housing and Homeless Services. The leases will end in August unless extended, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s the initial outlay of purchasing a hotel, and then there is the ongoing costs of actually running programs,” Jenett said. “And a lot of what the future looks like depends on funding.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kerry Abbott, director of Alameda County’s Office of Homeless Care and Coordination, says it’s likely costs will fall when the facilities become permanent and social distancing protocols are lifted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County estimates the cost of providing housing with supportive services to formerly homeless people on an ongoing basis to about $60 per night, per household, compared to $100 during the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s because there are higher transportation, medical and cleaning costs associated with providing housing during a public health emergency, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For hotel guests who have tested positive for COVID-19 or are awaiting test results, Abbott said, transportation is “much more expensive because we can only move one or two people at a time to allow for distancing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825792\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825792\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE.jpg\" alt=\"Alameda County public health staff take part in a training on how to use personal protective equipment while working with guests at the Radisson Hotel in Oakland in late March.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1208\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-800x503.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-1020x642.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-160x101.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotel-PPE-1536x966.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alameda County public health staff take part in a training on how to use personal protective equipment while working with guests at the Radisson Hotel in Oakland in late March. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Alameda County Health Care Services Agency)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But whether Alameda County purchases the actual hotels where guests are staying right now remains to be seen. Not all of the hotels have a suitable layout for long-term use, Abbott said, especially for an older population with mobility impairments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And others are “further along in their lifetime and need significant rehabilitation,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s true of several of the hotels being leased throughout the Bay Area. At the Hotel Whitcomb, Alan Tolbert said it can take several hours for shower water to drain due to a persistent clog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unsanitary,” he said. “I’ve been asking staff for weeks to solve this problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The difficulty in retrofitting hotels for long-term use is why officials in Alameda County are eyeing other sites for permanent housing. The Alameda County Board of Supervisors \u003ca href=\"http://www.acgov.org/board/bos_calendar/documents/DocsAgendaReg_06_09_20/HEALTH%20CARE%20SERVICES/Regular%20Calendar/HCSA_GSA_296977.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">earlier this month\u003c/a> approved a $23.3 million purchase of three buildings, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyside.com/2020/06/11/oaklands-old-lake-merritt-lodge-will-become-a-covid-19-homeless-shelter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">two near Oakland’s Lake Merritt\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But at the same time, Abbott said Alameda County is working with the state to rapidly place at least 400 families and individuals staying at the hotels into existing subsidized, affordable apartments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[We’re] trying to really get people into housing now, because obviously that’s an even better situation than Project Roomkey,” she said, “but also to keep the non-congregate hotel shelters available as long as COVID continues to be so prevalent in the community.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>No Going Back\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Anita de Asis Miralle, the founder and director of The Village, a community-based homeless services provider in Oakland, said her organization has a similar exit strategy. The Village has housed about 40 families and individuals in hotel rooms as an alternative to the county and the state-led Project Roomkey. It’s been able to pay for the rooms with nearly $100,000 in philanthropic donations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her group is working on finding places to move people as they exit hotel rooms, anything from apartments or rooms to rent, tiny homes or working RVs. But, she says, finding those affordable options has been a real challenge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What is very clear to us is that having people in a stable environment for any amount of time and then releasing them back into the streets is going to cause so much trauma and mental hardship,” de Asis Miralle said. “We’re not going to allow that to happen to our folks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825657\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11825657\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AlCo-Hotels_WEB-e1592937750672.jpg\" alt=\"This Comfort Inn in Oakland was one of the first hotels to become part of Project Roomkey.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1576\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This Comfort Inn in Oakland was one of the first hotels to become part of Project Roomkey. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Alameda County Health Care Services Agency)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For Alan Tolbert, the opportunity to have a room in a San Francisco hotel has been transformative. The 48-year-old has congestive heart failure but saw his health improve soon after moving in, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a big difference,” Tolbert said. “The feeling of privacy, I can sleep better. My stress levels are down. It’s really calmed me.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolbert said there were times he would feel shortness of breath just walking through the city, because of his medical condition and the chaos of living in a shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel better now, healthier,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the future of his hotel room still unknown, Tolbert said he can’t imagine going back to a congregate shelter now, with the threat of the coronavirus still looming.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re not going to put us on the street,” he said. “That defeats the purpose.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tolbert wondered, “They’re going to have to do something, right?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In April, Gov. Gavin Newsom announced California would offer $500 to undocumented adults who’ve lost money because of COVID-19. It was a way to help out those who don’t qualify for federal relief, many of whom are essential workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel a deep sense of gratitude for people that are in fear of deportation, but are still addressing the essential needs of tens of millions of Californians,” Newsom said during one of his \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CAgovernor/videos/696710584472831\"> regular briefings\u003c/a> on the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But time to apply for California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11818967/how-to-apply-for-californias-disaster-relief-assistance-fund-for-undocumented-immigrants\">Disaster Relief Assistance for Immigrants\u003c/a> (DRAI) program is running out. \u003ca href=\"https://cdss.ca.gov/inforesources/immigration/covid-19-drai\">Applications\u003c/a> must be complete by June 30, and advocates are worried that a bureaucratic process is preventing many from accessing the help. [pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Unai Montes, United Way']‘The bottom line here is that it’s not enough money’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorena Gonzalez, a domestic worker in Santa Ana, said she’s one of the lucky ones. She lost her job early on in the COVID-19 pandemic, but was able to apply for and receive her $500 within the first week of the program, in mid-May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her husband, who lost his job on March 13, didn’t receive his money until June. Through a translator, Gonzalez said they desperately needed it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helps a lot in being able to catch up on rent because we were already behind on rent,” she said. “With the help of a lot of friends and family we’ve been able to make it through.” [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California expects to help approximately 150,000 undocumented adults through the $75 million program. And nonprofits around the state have been tasked with distributing the money. Unai Montes is with the United Way, which is helping coordinate the effort. He said while the intent of the program is good, it doesn’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bottom line here is that it’s not enough money,” he said. “It won’t reach enough people. It just not a sustainable solution to the problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Montes said the execution of the program is lacking too. The process has been bogged down by high demand, overwhelmed call centers and people struggling to provide documentation that they’ve been affected by COVID-19. [aside postID=\"news_11818967\" label=\"Disaster Relief Assistance Fund\" hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/05/RS42587_003_KQED_SanFrancisco_SpanishLanguageSigns_04072020-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes said it would have been easier to use the state’s tax agency to distribute the funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California Franchise Tax Board is in the business of sending people checks and making direct deposits,” he said. “It is the only statewide entity that, without adding any additional workers or any additional infrastructure, can send checks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Eliana Kaimowitz, Chief of the Immigrant Integration Branch at the state Department of Social Services, said the state felt applicants would feel more comfortable going through nonprofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of immigration enforcement and the way that the undocumented community has been targeted, many are not as comfortable coming forward to government programs and applying,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of mid-June the state had approved $21.5 million in assistance. Kaimowitz said she expects all of the program’s money to be awarded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A companion \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantfundca.org/\">philanthropic effort\u003c/a> has pledged to raise an additional $50 million to help undocumented Californians. So far organizers say the group has distributed $10 million, with plans to award another $7.5 million this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11818967/how-to-apply-for-californias-disaster-relief-assistance-fund-for-undocumented-immigrants\">Check out our guide on how to apply for the DRAI program here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Applications for California's Disaster Relief Assistance for Immigrants program must be complete by June 30. Advocates worry a bureaucratic process is preventing many from accessing the help.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In April, Gov. Gavin Newsom announced California would offer $500 to undocumented adults who’ve lost money because of COVID-19. It was a way to help out those who don’t qualify for federal relief, many of whom are essential workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feel a deep sense of gratitude for people that are in fear of deportation, but are still addressing the essential needs of tens of millions of Californians,” Newsom said during one of his \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/CAgovernor/videos/696710584472831\"> regular briefings\u003c/a> on the coronavirus pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But time to apply for California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11818967/how-to-apply-for-californias-disaster-relief-assistance-fund-for-undocumented-immigrants\">Disaster Relief Assistance for Immigrants\u003c/a> (DRAI) program is running out. \u003ca href=\"https://cdss.ca.gov/inforesources/immigration/covid-19-drai\">Applications\u003c/a> must be complete by June 30, and advocates are worried that a bureaucratic process is preventing many from accessing the help. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lorena Gonzalez, a domestic worker in Santa Ana, said she’s one of the lucky ones. She lost her job early on in the COVID-19 pandemic, but was able to apply for and receive her $500 within the first week of the program, in mid-May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her husband, who lost his job on March 13, didn’t receive his money until June. Through a translator, Gonzalez said they desperately needed it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It helps a lot in being able to catch up on rent because we were already behind on rent,” she said. “With the help of a lot of friends and family we’ve been able to make it through.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California expects to help approximately 150,000 undocumented adults through the $75 million program. And nonprofits around the state have been tasked with distributing the money. Unai Montes is with the United Way, which is helping coordinate the effort. He said while the intent of the program is good, it doesn’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The bottom line here is that it’s not enough money,” he said. “It won’t reach enough people. It just not a sustainable solution to the problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And Montes said the execution of the program is lacking too. The process has been bogged down by high demand, overwhelmed call centers and people struggling to provide documentation that they’ve been affected by COVID-19. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Montes said it would have been easier to use the state’s tax agency to distribute the funds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The California Franchise Tax Board is in the business of sending people checks and making direct deposits,” he said. “It is the only statewide entity that, without adding any additional workers or any additional infrastructure, can send checks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Eliana Kaimowitz, Chief of the Immigrant Integration Branch at the state Department of Social Services, said the state felt applicants would feel more comfortable going through nonprofits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Because of immigration enforcement and the way that the undocumented community has been targeted, many are not as comfortable coming forward to government programs and applying,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of mid-June the state had approved $21.5 million in assistance. Kaimowitz said she expects all of the program’s money to be awarded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A companion \u003ca href=\"https://www.immigrantfundca.org/\">philanthropic effort\u003c/a> has pledged to raise an additional $50 million to help undocumented Californians. So far organizers say the group has distributed $10 million, with plans to award another $7.5 million this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11818967/how-to-apply-for-californias-disaster-relief-assistance-fund-for-undocumented-immigrants\">Check out our guide on how to apply for the DRAI program here\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>As California's economy continues to ease back into gear, Gov. Gavin Newsom and the state's top health official pointed on Monday to rising numbers of hospitalizations and ICU admissions as a warning that the state is far from done with measures to slow the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom and Health Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly noted in a press briefing that more than one-third of all the COVID-19 cases in California have been diagnosed in just the past 14 days. The number of hospitalizations also grew 16% while ICU admissions were up 11% in the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those that suggest we are out of the woods, those that suggest this somehow is going to disappear — these numbers tell a very, very different and sobering story,\" Newsom said. \"We're not into the second wave (of infections). We're not out of the first wave,\" Newsom warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One metric going in the right direction is testing for the coronavirus. Newsom said about 177,000 tests were conducted statewide over the weekend, exceeding the goal of 60-80,000 he set a few weeks ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dr. Ghaly noted that two counties, Riverside and San Bernardino, are seeing COVID-19 case increases that are not a result of more testing, but rather trends \"that in the future may put pressure on our ICU capacity and our ventilator capacity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're starting to see additional spread in community settings,\" Dr. Ghaly said. \"So those are cases that can't be linked to necessarily a congregate setting,\" such as prisons or skilled nursing facilities. Instead, he noted new cases are \"spreading within households, households that live in closer quarters, maybe in communities where they have a number of multigenerational households.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's update came as California launched a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825594/5-governors-1-message-wear-a-mask\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public service announcement\u003c/a> featuring Gov. Newsom and his four predecessors, Democrats Jerry Brown and Gray Davis and Republicans Arnold Schwarzenegger and Pete Wilson. The message: \"Wear a mask\" to help slow the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>— Scott Shafer (@\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/scottshafer\">scottshafer\u003c/a>)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "More than one-third of all the COVID-19 cases in California have been diagnosed in just the past 14 days, Gov. Gavin Newsom said Monday.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As California's economy continues to ease back into gear, Gov. Gavin Newsom and the state's top health official pointed on Monday to rising numbers of hospitalizations and ICU admissions as a warning that the state is far from done with measures to slow the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom and Health Secretary Dr. Mark Ghaly noted in a press briefing that more than one-third of all the COVID-19 cases in California have been diagnosed in just the past 14 days. The number of hospitalizations also grew 16% while ICU admissions were up 11% in the past two weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Those that suggest we are out of the woods, those that suggest this somehow is going to disappear — these numbers tell a very, very different and sobering story,\" Newsom said. \"We're not into the second wave (of infections). We're not out of the first wave,\" Newsom warned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One metric going in the right direction is testing for the coronavirus. Newsom said about 177,000 tests were conducted statewide over the weekend, exceeding the goal of 60-80,000 he set a few weeks ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Dr. Ghaly noted that two counties, Riverside and San Bernardino, are seeing COVID-19 case increases that are not a result of more testing, but rather trends \"that in the future may put pressure on our ICU capacity and our ventilator capacity.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We're starting to see additional spread in community settings,\" Dr. Ghaly said. \"So those are cases that can't be linked to necessarily a congregate setting,\" such as prisons or skilled nursing facilities. Instead, he noted new cases are \"spreading within households, households that live in closer quarters, maybe in communities where they have a number of multigenerational households.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monday's update came as California launched a new \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825594/5-governors-1-message-wear-a-mask\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">public service announcement\u003c/a> featuring Gov. Newsom and his four predecessors, Democrats Jerry Brown and Gray Davis and Republicans Arnold Schwarzenegger and Pete Wilson. The message: \"Wear a mask\" to help slow the spread of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>— Scott Shafer (@\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/scottshafer\">scottshafer\u003c/a>)\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "How a National Health Crisis Fell on the Backs of Local Leaders",
"title": "How a National Health Crisis Fell on the Backs of Local Leaders",
"headTitle": "Center for Investigative Reporting | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported in collaboration with \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED\u003c/a> in San Francisco and \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WLRN Public Media\u003c/a> of South Florida.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[dropcap]O[/dropcap]n Friday, March 13, President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence stood in the White House Rose Garden to \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-conference-3/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">declare\u003c/a> COVID-19 a national emergency. But the risk of the disease, Pence told the nation, remained low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t want everybody taking this test; it’s totally unnecessary,” Trump assured Americans. “This will pass.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 1,000 miles south of Washington, as if heeding their call, thousands of spring breakers had converged on Miami Beach. They played tug of war on the sand and snapped selfies by the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I get corona, I get corona,” one tourist from Ohio \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://news.yahoo.com/aint-serious-miami-spring-breakers-074801407.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told reporters\u003c/a>. “At the end of the day, I’m not gonna let it stop me from partying.” For them, the specter of the COVID-19 pandemic seemed very far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Trump, Florida’s Republican governor, Ron DeSantis, had downplayed the threat of COVID-19. Just a few days earlier, when Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s leading expert on the pandemic, had said Florida was experiencing community spread of the virus, DeSantis had retorted that \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/03/11/feds-say-florida-has-community-spread-of-coronavirus-florida-disagrees/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">it wasn’t true\u003c/a>. The governor also had \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/19/politics/florida-coronavirus-beaches/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">balked at closing the state’s beaches\u003c/a> to check the virus’ spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That weekend after Trump’s address, Miami Beach Mayor Dan Gelber took a stroll on Ocean Drive, a thoroughfare lined with palm trees and historic Art Deco buildings. He came to a sudden realization that not one person out of the thousands he saw was practicing social distancing. Without widespread testing, he thought, the virus could be silently spreading through his city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It hit Gelber: He had to close the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825247\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825247\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People eat at a restaurant along Ocean Drive on March 17, 2020 in Miami Beach, Florida. \u003ccite>(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825234\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St..jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Street in San Francisco’s Financial District is free of cars and pedestrians March 17. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At that point, I realized that I was not going to rely on the federal government to tell us what to do,” he said. “I obviously couldn’t rely on the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, Dr. Scott Morrow was experiencing his own day of dread. The veteran public health officer for San Mateo County, on California’s San Francisco Peninsula, Morrow had no proof that the virus was spreading. Medical testing supplies were maddeningly impossible to come by. But he had become convinced that the potentially deadly virus, which had first been noted in the area only six weeks before, was “spreading like wildfire under our noses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morrow feared that the entire San Francisco Bay Area, a region of more than 7 million people, would soon be “following Italy into the abyss,” with an exponential growth curve of infection and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825227\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825227\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Mateo County Health Officer Dr. Scott Morrow speaks during a March 16 press conference by public health directors in six San Francisco Bay Area counties. \u003ccite>(Dai Sugano/MediaNews Group/The Mercury News/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Worse, Morrow was running out of ideas for checking the contagion. Already, he had banned large public gatherings. The county’s schools were shutting down. Deeply frustrated, he recalled sending an email to county officials, warning them, “This is all I can do – I’m out of options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a rainy Sunday morning two days later, Morrow was awoken by a text message: Would he jump on a call with Dr. Tomás Aragón, the public health officer in San Francisco, and Dr. Sara Cody, the health officer of Santa Clara County in the hard-hit Silicon Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a day of calls that soon included county counsel, the officers converged on a radical consensus — to use their broad powers under California public health law in a way that had never been tried in the United States. To stop the spread of the disease, they would order the public to stay in their homes and shelter in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what needed to be done,” Morrow said. Bay Area health officers announced vast shutdown orders the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morrow recalls feeling “scared shitless.” Would the public comply with shelter in place? And even if they did, would it work?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week and a half later, on March 26, the U.S. became the global epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"stk-reset align-center stk-theme_26115__style_accented_text wp-exclude-emoji\">Blunting the Pandemic\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>At a congressional hearing in mid-May, a recently ousted federal health official pulled back the curtain on the colossal missteps that had undercut the federal response to the pandemic. Rick Bright had filed a whistleblower complaint charging that \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/22/us/politics/rick-bright-trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he was removed\u003c/a> from his post as the deputy assistant secretary for preparedness and response at the Department of Health and Human Services when he urged the vetting of hydroxychloroquine, the anti-malaria drug Trump touted as a cure for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bright testified that he and several colleagues had warned the White House as early as January that the country was unprepared for a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We knew going into this pandemic that critical medical equipment would be in short supply,” he told \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/14/politics/coronavirus-whistleblower-testimony/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Congress on May 14\u003c/a>. “I was met with indifference, saying they were either too busy, they didn’t have a plan, they didn’t know who was responsible for procuring those.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government not only had failed to secure critical supplies, such as ventilator masks and testing swabs, he said, but had failed to provide clear guidance to the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our population is being paralyzed by fear,” he said, “stemming from a lack of a coordinated response and a dearth of accurate, clear communication about the path forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825221\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825221\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-800x573.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-800x573.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-1020x730.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rick Bright, a former deputy assistant secretary at the Department of Health and Human Services, testifies before a House subcommittee May 14. \u003ccite>(Shawn Thew/Pool via Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The testing shortages, in particular, hampered public health officials as they tried to confront the looming threat, said Dr. John Swartzberg, an epidemiologist with the joint medical program of the University of California, Berkeley\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>and UC San Francisco. For epidemiologists, tests are “our eyes” in a pandemic, Swartzberg said, and the rollout was so badly botched that decision-makers were left in the dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, testing was delayed because the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>chose to create its own test rather than partner with private labs. When the new CDC tests were finally ready, the \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2020/04/04/coronavirus-government-dysfunction/?arc404=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agency failed\u003c/a> to ramp up production – and the tests themselves had technical defects. State labs had to send their samples to CDC headquarters in Atlanta, causing a long backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"States can do their own testing,” Trump would \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-21/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later say\u003c/a>. “We’re the federal government. We’re not supposed to stand on street corners doing testing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Response to the pandemic in the global epicenter would be left to states and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earliest states to be hit by the pandemic would face the toughest tests, forced to consider unprecedented decisions. Among the first states with confirmed cases — and confirmed deaths — were California and Florida, whose governors’ wildly different leadership styles influenced the states’ responses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, ultimately followed the lead of local health officers and became the first in the nation to extend shelter-in-place orders to the entire state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Florida, Gov. Ron DeSantis, a Republican, issued only vague recommendations until late in the game, leaving\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>local governments in charge of crucial decisions. He refused to close all of\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the state’s beaches and delayed issuing a statewide stay-at-home order for weeks, until 36 states had already done so and Florida had surpassed 100 deaths. In a statement to Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting, DeSantis spokesperson\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Cody McCloud said “the Governor’s Office worked with these mayors to ensure the needs of their counties were being met” as they made decisions early on in the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowhere was the federal government’s scattershot response to the pandemic — and the contrast between the two governors — on more vivid display than in the distinct fates of cruise ship outbreaks that ended up in California and Florida ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California-bound liner, the 3,500-passenger Grand Princess, had one COVID-19 \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://abc7news.com/coronavirus-princess-cruise-san-francisco-grand-placer-county-death/5988195/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">death\u003c/a> and nearly two dozen other cases by the time it approached San Francisco Bay in early March. Trump had made clear that he wasn’t keen on the ship coming ashore, concerned it would inflate the nation’s COVID-19 caseload.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825233\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825233\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-800x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-800x512.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Grand Princess cruise heads to the Port of Oakland, Calif., on March 9. At least 21 people aboard had tested positive for COVID-19. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I like the numbers being where they are,” \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/video/2020/mar/07/i-like-the-numbers-being-where-they-are-trump-video\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he said\u003c/a> March 6. “I don’t need to have the numbers double because of one ship that wasn’t our fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom feared that if the ship docked in San Francisco, infection might sweep through the city. After prolonged consultations with the CDC, Pence’s coronavirus task force and other federal health officials, Newsom announced a plan: The Grand Princess would dock in Oakland, and U.S. passengers\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>would be put into quarantine at a cluster of military bases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida’s cruise ship crisis involved 1,200 passengers on two Holland America liners, the Zaandam and the Rotterdam. Some\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article241559956.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 150 passengers\u003c/a> had developed flu-like symptoms by the time Port Everglades became the ships’ last resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, DeSantis\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>left decision-making in the hands of a unified command of eight local and federal agencies. That team, as in California, included the CDC. But the outcome could not have been more different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 2, when the ships were allowed to dock, 13 seriously ill passengers and one crew member were taken to hospitals. Without being tested or quarantined, the other passengers headed for the airport, where they boarded chartered flights to such major cities as Atlanta, Toronto, London — and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The distinct pandemic responses in California and Florida were also shaped by the two states’ vastly different health infrastructures. While in California, counties have independent and highly autonomous health officers, Florida has a more centralized health department with branch offices in each county. The department largely \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.flgov.com/wp-content/uploads/orders/2020/EO_20-51.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">takes orders\u003c/a> from the governor. If the state’s leadership is slow, so is the department’s response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida Department of Health officials declined an interview to discuss their pandemic response, noting in a statement only that their approach has been “strategic and methodical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal, in partnership with KQED in San Francisco and WLRN Public Media of South Florida, interviewed dozens of elected officials, public health officers, mayors, hospital directors and educators to provide an unprecedented look at how key decisions made by local officials ultimately saved lives as the Trump administration downplayed the threat of the virus in the early days of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Chief Medical Officer Dr. Stanley Marks\"]'My chief of infectious disease and my chief epidemiologist basically said that this will come. This will be a pandemic.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s governor had feared millions of coronavirus infections. Instead, the state’s case rate fell below the national average, and the death toll, according to information compiled by the CDC and the Institute for Health Metrics Evaluation at the University of Washington, was far lower than initially feared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida also skirted the early disaster that some experts had feared. By late March, Florida’s case\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>rate began to overtake California’s, but the state’s hospital system was never overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bold action by local officials appears to have blunted the force of the pandemic in those crucial early weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s first case — and the nation’s third — was confirmed Jan. 25, when an Orange County man who had recently traveled to Wuhan, China, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://mailchi.mp/ochca/novelcoronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">was hospitalized\u003c/a>. But experts now believe that COVID-19 likely established itself weeks earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when Jian Zhang, CEO of the Chinese Hospital in San Francisco’s Chinatown, began to sense that the viral outbreak in Wuhan was building into a pandemic that would inevitably spread to the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, in his \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.poynter.org/fact-checking/2020/we-have-it-totally-under-control-a-timeline-of-president-donald-trumps-response-to-the-coronavirus-pandemic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first public comment\u003c/a> on the novel virus, had dismissed concerns, saying: “It’s one person coming in from China, and we have it under control. It’s going to be just fine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zhang said she was alarmed by word from an old medical school classmate that a volunteer Chinese medical team was flying three hours to Wuhan before the Jan. 25 start of the Lunar New Year, China’s biggest holiday. “When you deploy a team like that and you have to leave on Chinese New Year’s Eve,” Zhang recalled thinking, “something must be really serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825231\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825231\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-800x443.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-800x443.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-1020x565.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-672x372.jpg 672w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jian Zhang, CEO of the Chinese Hospital in San Francisco, says that in late January, she began to sense that the viral outbreak in Wuhan, China, would inevitably spread to the West Coast. \u003ccite>(CBS SF Bay Area)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The outbreak was coming at a dangerous time. The Lunar New Year marks the largest human migration on earth, as hundreds of millions travel to visit family for the extended holiday. And Zhang knew there was direct air service between Wuhan and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m like, my God, it’s only 12 hours away,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhang decided to stock up on protective equipment for the hospital, including 2,000 ventilator\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>masks. But the masks\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>were back-ordered.\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>She phoned the local official who represents Chinatown on the Board of Supervisors, Aaron Peskin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will be a nightmare of yours and mine if we have the outbreak in Chinatown,” she told him. Zhang and Peskin pulled together a news conference Feb. 1 to warn of the coronavirus threat and urge Chinatown residents to reduce their risk of infection. Wash your hands, they repeated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile in Florida, a hospital just outside Fort Lauderdale was having its first brush with COVID-19. A woman visiting from a province near Wuhan showed up at a Memorial Healthcare System hospital with flu symptoms, sparking a flurry of\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>local coverage. She tested negative for COVID-19, but the incident was a wake-up call, prompting the hospital to dust off its pandemic preparedness plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My chief of infectious disease and my chief epidemiologist basically said that this will come,” said Chief Medical Officer Dr. Stanley Marks. “This will be a pandemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Eerie Days\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">For Dr. Sara Cody, health officer in California’s Santa Clara County, the weeks before COVID-19 were like driving in a dense fog. You knew there might be a cliff around the bend. But you couldn’t see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">In January, she and her staff started reading up about “some unusual virus that was emerging in China,” she said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the virus turned out to be, Cody thought it was headed her way: There’s a tremendous amount of routine air travel between Silicon Valley and Asia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I was thinking, you know, it’s likely we’re going to see this early,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Feb. 3, Santa Clara County, home to San Jose, had confirmed two cases of COVID-19: Both patients had traveled to Wuhan. Cody declared a local public health emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then,” she recalled, “we had this eerie February, where we had no more cases reported, no more cases detected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the weeks passed, Cody made reassuring public statements about COVID-19, to the point that some local officials complained that she was downplaying the risk. At one meeting, on Feb. 19, she said, “We don’t have any evidence still to date that the coronavirus is circulating in our county.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825223\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825223\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Sara Cody, health Officer of California’s Santa Clara County, speaks during a Feb. 28 press conference about the county’s third confirmed case of COVID-19. \u003ccite>(Yichuan Cao/Sipa via AP Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But behind the scenes, she was scrambling to track the virus’s spread. A health officer’s playbook for containing a pandemic begins with aggressive testing. In the case of COVID-19, the supply of tests was grossly inadequate — and the tests themselves were unreliable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout February, Cody said her staff was desperately trying to run the new CDC tests in local laboratories, but they couldn’t make them work. So every sample had to be sent to the CDC for testing, and “there was this huge, long process to get a specimen to the CDC and get it back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so the month of February was just strange, because you had the sense that probably something might be going on, but we didn’t know what it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 27, Dr. Scott Morrow of neighboring San Mateo County, Cody’s longtime colleague, wrote an extraordinarily blunt \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.smchealth.org/health-officer-orders-and-statements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to the county’s 700,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 might become “a severe pandemic,” read the letter, posted on the county’s website. Everyone’s lives might be “significantly disrupted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He ticked off a series of orders that might become necessary: social distancing. A ban on gatherings. Closing schools. Rationing critical supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a difficult message to share,” he wrote, “but it is important to recognize how difficult the times ahead may be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Florida, February was an extraordinarily quiet month when it came to the emerging world pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11823854\" label=\"Reopening: What You Need to Know\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/cheers.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the first public rumblings about the virus came from the governor at a\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/health-care/article240695761.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Feb. 27 news conference\u003c/a>. DeSantis said there were no confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state, then evaded questions from reporters about how many people had actually been tested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think I’m allowed to go into the numbers,” he said, citing a\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0300-0399/0381/Sections/0381.0031.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> state law\u003c/a> that protects medical information of people undergoing “epidemiological investigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/health-care/article242844471.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legal experts\u003c/a> and lawmakers were quick to point out that the law allowed the state to share aggregate numbers during a public health crisis. “It was a complete firewall of information,” said state Sen. Jose Javier Rodriguez, a Miami Democrat. “They say they can’t, when in reality they won’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rodriguez was in Tallahassee for the legislative session, he asked for a meeting with the state Department of Health to discuss COVID-19 testing and preparedness. Medical experts were already encouraging elbow bumps in lieu of handshakes to prevent infection. So he was stunned when the health officials arrived at his office and one tried to shake his hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really did feel like Chicken Little,” Rodriguez said. “This is a real thing. They’re not telling us if it’s here or if it’s coming. And the first person at the first meeting I’m having about this is trying to shake my hand. And I was like, what’s going on?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within days, on March 1, DeSantis confirmed the state’s first two cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the start, Gov. Gavin Newsom was the telegenic face of California’s fight against the pandemic. His earnest, information-packed \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/03/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press conferences\u003c/a>, some lasting as long as an hour, were live-streamed and often dominated local evening news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians liked what they saw: By April, Newsom’s approval rating had increased by an astonishing 41 points, to 83%, FiveThirtyEight \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/most-americans-like-how-their-governor-is-handling-the-coronavirus-outbreak/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>. After he made an appearance on Rachel Maddow’s MSNBC show, the hashtag #PresidentNewsom briefly trended \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://account.sacbee.com/paywall/stop?resume=241860561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were missteps: Newsom was slow to acknowledge problems with COVID-19 testing — at one point, California had a backlog of 60,000 tests, reportedly the\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/california-coronavirus-tests-backlog-unprocessed-2020-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> worst in the country\u003c/a> — and for a time, like Trump, he insisted, despite all evidence, that testing was readily available. (Newsom later acknowledged a problem — “I own that,” he said — and\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/04/california-coronavirus-test-backlog-delays-newsom-announces-ramp-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> promised to improve\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the governor took action only after local officials had cleared the way. That first became apparent in connection with one of his earliest attempts to check the virus — the March 11 ban on large gatherings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825257\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825257\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Gov. Gavin Newsom speaks to reporters March 12 about the state’s response to the pandemic. \u003ccite>(Rich Pedroncelli/Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As COVID-19 gathered steam in the early days of March, health officers in the Bay Area started rolling out strategies to disrupt its spread. At first, this amounted only to strongly worded guidance.\u003cbr>\nIn a March 5 letter, Dr. Scott Morrow urged San Mateo County residents to practice social distancing and cancel nonessential gatherings. “This is not business as usual,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, San Francisco Mayor London Breed issued her own recommendations \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://sfmayor.org/article/san-francisco-department-public-health-announces-aggressive-recommendations-reduce-spread\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">discouraging large gatherings\u003c/a>. In Santa Clara County, Dr. Sara Cody did the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across Silicon Valley, the giants of the tech industry responded in force, asking tens of thousands of employees to\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-8082517/Microsoft-Facebook-embrace-home-working-amid-coronavirus-crisis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> work from home\u003c/a>. Among them were such powerhouses as Facebook, Google, Apple, Twitter, Salesforce and LinkedIn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the health officers learned, not every business was willing to voluntarily follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose’s NHL team, the Sharks, and San Francisco’s NBA team, the Golden State Warriors, both continued to play games — potentially allowing the virus to spread among their thousands of fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Playing those games was “the worst thing you could do in the face of the pandemic,” said Dr. John Swartzberg, the UC epidemiologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health officers countered by issuing orders banning large gatherings altogether, shutting the sports teams down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was two days after Santa Clara announced its ban that Newsom followed suit by \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/03/11/california-public-health-experts-mass-gatherings-should-be-postponed-or-canceled-statewide-to-slow-the-spread-of-covid-19/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issuing one statewide\u003c/a>. That became the pattern: Local officials would issue tough orders, and the governor would expand on what they did. On the difficult matter\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>of closing public schools, for example, educators said\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the governor flatly refused to take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts knew that public schools were a potential breeding ground for the virus. One infected child could pass on the virus to dozens of classmates, teachers and family members. Closing schools was an obvious way to limit viral transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials also recognized that school closings would send a ripple of pain through every community. Working families would have to arrange child care or give up jobs. Grandparents — among the most vulnerable to serious illness from COVID-19 — would wind up taking care of kids. The logistics of reaching families in need of school meal programs would be formidable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a while, the downside of closing schools outweighed the benefits, as Cody put it. But early in March, starting with \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2020/03/07/family-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-in-elk-grove-district-closes-schools-next-week/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elk Grove\u003c/a> in suburban Sacramento, individual districts in California began to close schools\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>when students or parents were diagnosed with COVID-19. In San Francisco, Superintendent Vincent Matthews shut down 2,900-student Lowell High School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, March 9, the governor met with school superintendents in the State Capitol. Matthews drove\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the 90 miles\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>to Sacramento, he recalled, “to find out whether he was going to close schools or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom wouldn’t do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was emphatic about that,” Matthews said, “that he was not going to close schools. He just said it was a local decision and he was going to let local districts make the call.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in San Francisco, Matthews decided to act swiftly. He consulted the county health officer, Dr. Tomás Aragón, and held an emergency meeting of the school board. On Thursday, March 12, he announced that\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.sfusd.edu/about/news/current-news/schools-will-close-students-3-weeks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> all schools in his district would close\u003c/a>. “We just determined that, you know, we needed to slow things down,” Matthews said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11824758\" label=\"Impacts on Bay Area Transit\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/RS42564_001_KQED_SanFrancisco_Muni_04062020-qut-1020x680.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/california-k-12-schools-closed-due-to-the-coronavirus/624984\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a wave\u003c/a> of other districts — including Los Angeles, with more than 700,000 students — followed San Francisco and shut down schools. Only then did the governor issue an \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.13.20-EO-N-26-20-Schools.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">order\u003c/a> guaranteeing that districts that closed because of the pandemic would still receive\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>state funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As life in California was grinding to a halt, Florida’s social and political life mostly went on undisturbed. In early March, state lawmakers still greeted each other with \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/03/12/do-florida-lawmakers-take-coronavirus-seriously-ask-when-they-stop-hugging/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bear hugs\u003c/a> in the State Capitol. Tourists still crowded Disney World and Universal Studios. The \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/miami-beach/article240915331.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Winter Party Festival\u003c/a>, an annual LGBTQ event in Miami Beach, drew thousands of partygoers, some of whom \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article242034896.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later died\u003c/a> of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But slowly, the first signs of a disturbance to Florida life emerged. Miami officials postponed the electronic dance music event Ultra Music Festival, despite \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/downtown-miami/article240878956.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protests\u003c/a> by ticket holders on social media. As\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Florida’s\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>presidential primary neared, older poll workers concerned about getting exposed to the virus started to drop out, local elections officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We began receiving calls from people saying, ‘I’m not going to show up,’” said Peter Antonacci, Broward County’s elections supervisor. “‘I’m afraid of the virus.’ So we knew then that we had an issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the absence of guidance from federal and state officials, some local businesses took their own steps to protect their customers. Ruth Ann Bradley, who runs a yoga studio in Cooper City, near Fort Lauderdale, had been concerned about COVID-19 for days. She’d followed along on Facebook as yoga studios in California were closing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She began extra cleaning precautions in early March. She and her students wiped down their yoga mats and she steam-cleaned props between classes. She encouraged everyone to use hand sanitizer and wash their hands frequently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was only a matter of time, Bradley thought, before the virus swept across South Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelter in Place\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">By Friday, March 13, the lives of millions of Californians had been disrupted to fight the pandemic. But the virus’s spread still seemed to be accelerating, and San Mateo County’s Dr. Scott Morrow began to fear that the Bay Area might be “only one or two weeks behind Italy.” There, the surge in COVID-19 cases had overwhelmed the nation’s health care system — and its morgues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More needed to be done, Morrow believed. But as a local health officer battling a worldwide pandemic, he was “out of options,” as he wrote to county officials. Further measures would have to come from the state or federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, Mayor London Breed said she too had concluded that more drastic action was needed: Her city of nearly 900,000 people would have to shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt strongly that the sooner we get there, the faster we can hopefully get out of there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over that weekend, Breed said she “reached out to the governor,” telling him that shutting down the city was “what we need to do.” Newsom “didn’t want me to go out there and do it on my own,” Breed said. “He wanted us to collaborate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so on Sunday, Breed’s health officer, Aragón, got on the phone with his counterparts\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Cody and Morrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825220\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825220\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed announces a shelter-in-place order March 16. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bay Area health officers had been collaborating on regional health crises since the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s. They knew that state laws allow them to “take any action that you need to take to stop disease,” as Morrow put it. “They’re kind of brilliantly written. They kind of take politics out of the mix.” At one time or another, all had used those broad powers. But typically, the target was one person — a tuberculosis patient who needed to be quarantined, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the officers were contemplating an order quarantining an entire region — both the healthy and the sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like COVID-19 itself, their discussion moved rapidly. Only two days before, when Cody had banned large gatherings in Silicon Valley, the order had struck her as “so monumental and so difficult and having such profound impact,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never did I imagine that 48 hours later, I would have come as far as thinking that we actually needed to completely shut things down and shelter in place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morrow called the process “otherworldly, literally otherworldly. … It did not seem in the realms of this world.” But somehow, by that evening, they had crafted the unprecedented shelter-in-place order. Health officers from four other counties signed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"San Francisco Mayor London Breed, on the county health officers\"]'They said they don’t want to put politics in it, but that’s wrong. The fact is they put forward directives and then … we have to go out there and defend their orders and explain.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s striking how absent state officials were from the deliberations. Morrow said none of the health officials alerted Gov. Gavin Newsom or other elected officials and their input was not sought. Cody said she couldn’t remember distinctly, but thought that somebody must have at least looped in the governor via the state health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only Breed recalled telling the governor of her plan to lock down San Francisco; by her account, he preferred joint action by local officials. The governor’s office declined to comment for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health officers of six counties \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11806988/sheltering-in-place-what-you-need-to-know\">announced shelter in place\u003c/a> that Monday, March 16, at a joint news conference in the city of Santa Clara. Breed announced San Francisco’s closure herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They said they don’t want to put politics in it, but that’s wrong,” Breed said of the county health officers. “The fact is they put forward directives and then … we have to go out there and defend their orders and explain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their actions may not have been coordinated with the governor, but they appear to have\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>sent a message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two days later, Newsom appeared deeply worried about COVID-19. He wrote a\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.18.20-Letter-USNS-Mercy-Hospital-Ship.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> letter to Trump\u003c/a>, saying the state projected that 25.5 million Californians could become infected with the virus over the next eight weeks — a startlingly high figure that implied hundreds of thousands might die. Newsom’s aides later walked back the number, calling it a worst-case scenario that didn’t factor in efforts to fight the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, California mayors —including Eric Garcetti of Los Angeles and Sam Liccardo of San Jose — were urgently lobbying the governor for a statewide shelter-in-place order. “If we didn’t have a uniform set of rules, then we would all just have our communities getting reinfected,” Liccardo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825229\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825229\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The normally choked 110 Freeway heading into downtown Los Angeles on March 20, the day after California Gov. Gavin Newsom issued a statewide stay-at-home order. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On March 19, two days after the Bay Area shutdown orders went into effect, Newsom extended them to the \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.19.20-attested-EO-N-33-20-COVID-19-HEALTH-ORDER.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">entire state\u003c/a>. Effective immediately, nearly 40 million residents were ordered to stay at home except when conducting essential business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, with\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>19\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>confirmed deaths, was the first state to take this drastic measure. Without the ability to test and trace, it was arguably the only effective means of checking the spread of the pandemic. Over the next four days,\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>eight other states shut down. Florida held off 15 more days, until April 3, when it became the 37th state to mandate shelter in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said he was taking his lead from the White House: “It makes sense to make this move now. I did consult with folks in the White House about it. I did talk to the president about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had long insisted that the nation would be \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/24/politics/trump-easter-economy-coronavirus/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">back to normal by Easter\u003c/a>; by the end of March, he finally conceded\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>that was “\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.medpagetoday.com/infectiousdisease/covid19/85678\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">just an aspiration\u003c/a>” after extending federal COVID-19 guidelines, which encouraged older people and those who feel sick to stay home, for another 30 days. DeSantis called that decision a “\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/coronavirus-stay-at-home-order.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">national pause button\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With contradictory signals coming from Washington, all eyes were on California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After San Francisco announced its shelter-in-place order, Breed recalls telling several mayors that they should shut down their cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the time, people probably thought I was overreacting just a little bit,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City of Miami Mayor Francis Suarez was one of the mayors who immediately\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>got on the phone with Breed in mid-March. The two are close, and Suarez took her advice seriously. He wanted to issue a shelter-in-place order in Miami, but the path forward was less clear than in the Bay Area, where the health officers enjoy extraordinary autonomy. Miami’s city attorney didn’t think Suarez or the city manager had the legal power to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to put a lot of internal pressure on our city attorney with our commissioners to get her to agree to it,” Suarez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Fort Lauderdale, 30 miles north of Miami, City Manager Chris Lagerbloom also was in touch with his counterparts in California. They had been grappling with the virus for longer. Lagerbloom asked them: \"What do you wish you knew at our stage in the game?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer was a resounding, ‘Don’t\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>wait for it to get worse before you decide to take action,’” he said. “It was one of those times where that sank in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeSantis was not yet ready to hit pause\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">. \u003c/strong>He insisted on going forward with the state’s March 17 presidential primary. “We’re definitely voting. They voted during the Civil War,” DeSantis said at the time. Canceling it, he said, “would have really sent a signal about panic. And I don’t think that’s the signal that you want to send.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although he recommended postponing or\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/03/12/mass-gatherings-in-florida-should-be-postponed-to-stop-coronavirus-spread-desantis-says/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> canceling mass gatherings\u003c/a>, he didn’t issue orders to ban them outright. By the second weekend of March, business and political leaders began to shut down South Florida. Miami-Dade County officials canceled the \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/west-miami-dade/article241125471.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">annual Youth Fair\u003c/a> hours before it was scheduled to open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_11818312\" label=\"Where to Find Free Testing\" hero=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/03/HaywardCoronavirusTesting-1020x664.jpg\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers of the Firestone Grand Prix in southwest Florida postponed the race. Disney shut down its parks. At Magic Kingdom, Mickey Mouse and a menagerie of other Disney characters waved at the crowds one last time before the park shut its massive gates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School districts, following California, began shutting down. “We started paying attention to it when [COVID-19] impacted the West Coast in particular,” said Broward County\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Superintendent Robert Runcie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Runcie and his deputies met regularly to go over the district’s COVID-19 preparedness plan starting in February. Beyond protecting his staff and students, Runcie realized that he would need to coordinate any school closures with other South Florida superintendents. What happened in his district would inevitably affect neighboring ones, because many Broward County residents worked at Miami-Dade schools and some Broward school employees lived in Palm Beach County. The three superintendents began to confer, Runcie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all connected,” Runcie said. “So you make a decision in one district, it’s going to have ramifications in the other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, March 13, all three districts announced they would close schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on the beach, spring break\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>raged on through the weekend — until the Miami Beach and Fort Lauderdale mayors took the extraordinary step on Sunday afternoon of announcing that their beaches would close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida is known to shut down beaches for one reason: a hurricane. Daniel Stermer, mayor of Weston and then-president of the Broward League of Cities, said he was blindsided by Fort Lauderdale’s move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rest of us sort of went, ‘What did you just do? You didn’t discuss that with us,’” Stermer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Miami Beach and Fort Lauderdale beaches emptied out, nearby coastal mayors scrambled to impose their own closures as spring breakers searched for new places to party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825235\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spring breakers party on Pompano Beach, Fla., on March 17. \u003ccite>(Julio Cortez/Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Key Biscayne, Mayor Michael Davey quickly noticed a rush on the grocery stores in his beach town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re obviously going to the beach,” he said. “They’re in bathing suits and they’re getting their beer and they’re getting their hot dogs and they’re getting all their stuff and they’re buying the coolers. And I’m saying, ‘Well, this isn’t good.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key Biscayne soon closed its beaches. So did Hollywood, where Mayor Josh Levy anticipated that spring breakers would descend on his city. “We needed to take decisive and immediate action,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, the governor continued his hands-off approach. He banned gatherings larger than 10 people at beaches, but left much of the rest up to local governments. A DeSantis spokesman told Reveal that beaches weren’t closed statewide “because a one-size-fits-all approach was not the right model for Florida.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have a mother just walking down the beach with her daughter, I think that can be done safely,” DeSantis \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.mysuncoast.com/2020/03/24/desantis-cracking-down-travelers-hotspots-will-require-them-self-quarantine/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a>. “That is much different than doing a Jell-O shot off somebody’s stomach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking back, Dan Gelber, Miami Beach’s mayor, said beaches should have closed sooner. The COVID-19 numbers may have been low, but who knew what that meant without widespread testing. The virus had likely already spread undetected. Miami Beach was the first to close its beach, he said, “and still, we were very late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji align-center stk-theme_26115__style_accented_text\">Cascade of Orders\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">After the beach closures came a wave of aggressive local action, as cities and towns across South Florida issued stay-at-home orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">In Broward, officials from the county’s 31 municipalities scrambled to coordinate their orders, said Chris Lagerbloom, the Fort Lauderdale city manager. He was among three city managers who joined forces to draft a list of recommendations and deliver them to the rest of the cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">Local leaders\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>went their own way on some issues. Some instituted their own curfews. Others classified active construction projects as essential businesses. But all ultimately came out with stay-at-home orders of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">“It was really neat to watch,” Lagerbloom said, “because I didn’t think it was possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">After several cities had issued their orders, Miami-Dade and Broward counties \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/broward/article241535856.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told residents to stay home\u003c/a> March 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825228\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view shows a deserted stretch of sand in Miami Beach, Fla., on March 20. \u003ccite>(Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some residents had already taken action. At her Cooper City\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>yoga studio\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">,\u003c/strong> in Broward County, Ruth Ann Bradley said she felt exhausted from disinfecting her entire studio after each class. She worried about the safety of her students. Her larger classes could accommodate up to 20 at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just kind of saw the writing on the wall,” Bradley said. “I can’t go through another week of all this cleaning if I’m basically going to be closing anyway. And it just seemed like the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 15, a week before Broward County issued its order closing nonessential businesses, she sent a notice to her students: The studio would close,\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>and classes would be offered via Zoom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/05/10/how-florida-slowed-coronavirus-everyone-stayed-home-before-they-were-told-to/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tampa Bay Times analysis\u003c/a> of cellphone tracking data found that Bradley was not alone: In every county in the state, people had begun staying home well before county and state orders were issued. By the time the governor finally ordered residents to stay home, nearly half of the state’s counties had already seen a 50% decline in activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeSantis, who had been loath to intervene early on, issued a series of orders in March, ordering international travelers to self-quarantine, discouraging mass gatherings and barring visitors from nursing homes. He also ordered 1 million doses of hydroxychloroquine following Trump’s praise of the anti-malaria drug as a treatment for COVID-19. (\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/drug-promoted-by-trump-as-coronavirus-game-changer-increasingly-linked-to-deaths/2020/05/15/85d024fe-96bd-11ea-9f5e-56d8239bf9ad_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Studies\u003c/a> later established that it was dangerous for COVID-19 patients.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But DeSantis \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.wfla.com/community/health/coronavirus/florida-lawmakers-sign-letter-urging-desantis-to-issue-statewide-stay-at-home-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rebuffed calls\u003c/a> for a statewide stay-at-home order, arguing that a uniform approach wouldn’t be appropriate, given that some counties had very few cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You simply cannot lock down our society indefinitely with no end in sight,” he \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlIR7JMoaj8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> at a March 23 press conference. “And when people say that we may do this for seven to nine months, I can tell you that is not sustainable. That is not something that this society would accept.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825225\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis speaks during a March 30 news conference in a parking lot being used as a COVID-19 testing center. \u003ccite>(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When his stay-at-home order landed April 1, the\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.flgov.com/wp-content/uploads/orders/2020/EO_20-91-compressed.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 34-page executive order\u003c/a> listed religious services as essential and thus exempt from the shutdown. Two Broward County mayors, Weston’s Daniel Stermer and city of Sunrise Mayor Michael Ryan, fired off emails to DeSantis’ office asking the governor to reconsider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Based upon proven science, these large gatherings are jeopardizing the health, safety and welfare,” Ryan wrote. “As a result, we feel very strongly not only can we restrict access, we have an obligation to do so based upon the science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Jacquot, the governor’s general counsel, responded that DeSantis’ order allowed cities to restrict churches if they chose. Ryan wasn’t satisfied. The order, he wrote, “explicitly invalidates our local orders. We are going to run into conflict with those who do not want to comply.” A subsequent email exchange indicates that Stermer’s city attorney would call Jacquot to talk things through.\u003cbr>\nBy the time the state order went into effect, Florida’s reported coronavirus death toll had topped 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji align-center stk-theme_26115__style_accented_text\">Flattening the Curve\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">At first, it was not at all clear whether Californians would comply with Gov. Gavin Newsom’s pathbreaking shelter-in-place order. The weekend after it went into effect, Venice Beach in Los Angeles was mobbed, and the governor was irked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those young people are still out there on the beaches thinking it’s time to party,” Newsom said at a news conference. “It’s time to grow up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The normally secluded beaches of San Mateo County, south of San Francisco, “looked like Waikiki,” complained Dr. Scott Morrow, the county health officer. And he had noticed other signs of noncompliance\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> —\u003c/strong> large picnics and outdoor sports. Morrow called out\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the scofflaws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Santa Clara County’s Dr. Sara Cody\"]'What I mostly remember from those weeks is racing around trying to find out, you know, where we can stand up alternate care sites. We were imagining ICUs that were going to be brimming.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you decide you want to do your own thing and follow your own rules, you disrespect us all,” he wrote in an open letter. “You spit in our face, and you will contribute to the death toll that will follow.”\u003cbr>\nAs days passed, compliance improved. The experts’ worst fears — that, like Italy, California’s hospitals would be overwhelmed with gravely ill patients — had been staved off, for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I mostly remember from those weeks is racing around trying to find out, you know, where we can stand up alternate care sites,” said Santa Clara County’s Dr. Sara Cody, referring to temporary facilities that could house patients once Bay Area hospitals were full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were imagining ICUs that were going to be brimming,” she\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>said. “We had our mass fatality plans reviewed and revised. And then, of course, our shelter in place helped to really slow things down. And our hospitals never saw that surge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s statewide shutdown order appears to have gotten traction: In the weeks that followed, California suffered far less from the pandemic than other states, with both case\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>rates and death rates below the national average, despite the state having been host to the first confirmed case of community transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing data also suggests the profound impact of those early Bay Area shelter-in-place orders: The Bay Area’s curve flattened quickly and dramatically after the shutdown and continued to plateau even as the number of COVID-19 cases in the rest of the state rose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825222\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-800x617.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-800x617.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-160x123.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-1020x787.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same pattern was visible to a lesser extent in Florida, where officials in Miami-Dade and Broward counties mobilized quickly while Gov. Ron\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>DeSantis embraced a laissez-faire approach. Just as in California, their decisions made a difference. By late\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>April, confirmed cases in those counties began to drop as other Florida counties reported an increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825230\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-800x604.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-800x604.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-160x121.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-1020x770.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the limited testing data makes it difficult to draw conclusions, the flattened\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>curves in Florida and California “emphasize the point that early action makes a difference,” said\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Dr.\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Marissa Levine, director of the Center for Leadership in Public Health Practice at the University of South Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">“\u003c/em>In both states, we know that local leaders acted before state leaders did,” she said. “To some degree, we’re seeing that reflected in the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By April 20, the day Florida’s task force for reopening \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2020/04/20/governors-task-force-to-reopen-florida-will-make-recommendations-this-week/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first convened\u003c/a>,\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>California was\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>reporting 86\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>cases per 100,000 residents, and Florida, 126. New York, the nation’s epicenter, had 1,293.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Florida is not doing great,” Dr. John Swartzberg, the California epidemiologist, said in early May, before Florida began to reopen, \u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">“\u003c/strong>but it’s doing a lot better than I thought it would be given their really poor judgment, and a governor who doesn’t understand public health\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBut we may never know the full cost of DeSantis’ delays. Cellphone tracking data showed that Fort Lauderdale spring breakers \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/04/tech/location-tracking-florida-coronavirus/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dispersed\u003c/a> to locales across the country, including to New York City, which would soon be overwhelmed. Nor can we know just how far the nation might have plunged into the COVID-19 abyss if California leaders had failed to take bold actions early on, clearing the way for elected officials elsewhere to follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Dr. Marissa Levine, director of the Center for Leadership in Public Health Practice at the University of South Florida\"]'The challenge we have here is that every state has kind of been left to its own to figure out the path forward. To some degree, that’s OK. But it should be done under a national framework that provides some level of standardization.'[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really critical to set a standard,” Levine said, referring to California. “Clearly, somebody had to go first. That always helps others make decisions a little more readily.” And California’s decision, she points out, built on Wuhan’s, where officials instituted a massive shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, officials in both states faced dilemmas triggered by the lack of federal leadership — and the inability to conduct widespread testing. The testing shortage not only hampered early decision-making, but it also robbed local health officials of traditional tools such as testing and contact tracing and forced them to consider drastic, unprecedented measures such as shelter in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge we have here is that every state has kind of been left to its own to figure out the path forward,” Levine said. “To some degree, that’s OK. But it should be done under a national framework that provides some level of standardization.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such standardization would hinge on a strong testing infrastructure that, five months into the U.S. pandemic, is still not in place. Without it, states are still largely\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>in the dark as they take steps to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, resistant to aggressive testing from the start, has yet to embrace it as a linchpin of restarting the economy. Just three weeks after the U.S. became the global epicenter of the pandemic, the Trump administration released its \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.vox.com/2020/4/16/21224405/opening-up-america-again-trump-coronavirus-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guidelines for reopening\u003c/a>, called “Opening Up America Again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"coronavirus\" label=\"related coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That next week in Florida, DeSantis launched his\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Re-Open Florida Task Force. None of the executive\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>committee members are medical doctors or epidemiologists. Instead, it’s packed with leaders of the state’s largest corporations. Thanks to their guidance, South Florida has begun to loosen restrictions, allowing businesses to open at a reduced capacity and reopening the beaches that are the engine of Florida’s tourism industry. Disney World plans to reopen next month. Schools \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/education/2020/06/11/gov-ron-desantis-announces-plan-for-reopening-florida-schools/?utm_campaign=SocialFlow&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_content=%40TB_Tmes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">may reopen\u003c/a> in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As restrictions unravel, COVID-19 numbers have already begun to surge in Florida. On Tuesday, the state recorded its highest number of reported cases in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levine worries about the public abandoning safety measures as they emerge from strict shelter-in-place orders from the early days of the pandemic. “A lot of people think we did what we needed to do, and now we just need to go back to the way it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the wrong message, unfortunately,” Levine said. “I think we may pay the price as we watch cases go up here in Florida and around the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__color_26115_custom_color_3\">\u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">This story was edited by Esther Kaplan, Soo Oh, Jen Chien and Matt Thompson\u003c/em> \u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">and copy edited by Nikki Frick. \u003c/em>\u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">Editors Terence Shepherd and Alicia Zuckerman from WLRN and Julia B. Chan and Ethan Toven-Lindsey from KQED contributed.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "With a leadership vacuum in Washington, the Bay Area’s shelter-in-place orders led the nation’s response to the coronavirus pandemic.",
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"nprByline": "\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://revealnews.org/author/lance-williams/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Lance Williams\u003c/a>, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://revealnews.org/author/laura-morel/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Laura C. Morel\u003c/a>, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mlagos\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Marisa Lagos\u003c/a>, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/people/caitie-switalski\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Caitie Switalski\u003c/a>, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://revealnews.org/author/melissa-lewis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Melissa Lewis\u003c/a> and \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://revealnews.org/author/emily-harris/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Emily Harris",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was reported in collaboration with \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.kqed.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">KQED\u003c/a> in San Francisco and \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.wlrn.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">WLRN Public Media\u003c/a> of South Florida.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__dropcapShortcode__dropcap\">O\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>n Friday, March 13, President Donald Trump and Vice President Mike Pence stood in the White House Rose Garden to \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-conference-3/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">declare\u003c/a> COVID-19 a national emergency. But the risk of the disease, Pence told the nation, remained low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t want everybody taking this test; it’s totally unnecessary,” Trump assured Americans. “This will pass.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About 1,000 miles south of Washington, as if heeding their call, thousands of spring breakers had converged on Miami Beach. They played tug of war on the sand and snapped selfies by the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I get corona, I get corona,” one tourist from Ohio \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://news.yahoo.com/aint-serious-miami-spring-breakers-074801407.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told reporters\u003c/a>. “At the end of the day, I’m not gonna let it stop me from partying.” For them, the specter of the COVID-19 pandemic seemed very far away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like Trump, Florida’s Republican governor, Ron DeSantis, had downplayed the threat of COVID-19. Just a few days earlier, when Dr. Anthony Fauci, the nation’s leading expert on the pandemic, had said Florida was experiencing community spread of the virus, DeSantis had retorted that \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/03/11/feds-say-florida-has-community-spread-of-coronavirus-florida-disagrees/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">it wasn’t true\u003c/a>. The governor also had \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/19/politics/florida-coronavirus-beaches/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">balked at closing the state’s beaches\u003c/a> to check the virus’ spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That weekend after Trump’s address, Miami Beach Mayor Dan Gelber took a stroll on Ocean Drive, a thoroughfare lined with palm trees and historic Art Deco buildings. He came to a sudden realization that not one person out of the thousands he saw was practicing social distancing. Without widespread testing, he thought, the virus could be silently spreading through his city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It hit Gelber: He had to close the beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825247\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825247\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/GettyImages-1213092455-resized.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People eat at a restaurant along Ocean Drive on March 17, 2020 in Miami Beach, Florida. \u003ccite>(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825234\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825234\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St.-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/SF-California-St..jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Street in San Francisco’s Financial District is free of cars and pedestrians March 17. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At that point, I realized that I was not going to rely on the federal government to tell us what to do,” he said. “I obviously couldn’t rely on the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across the country, Dr. Scott Morrow was experiencing his own day of dread. The veteran public health officer for San Mateo County, on California’s San Francisco Peninsula, Morrow had no proof that the virus was spreading. Medical testing supplies were maddeningly impossible to come by. But he had become convinced that the potentially deadly virus, which had first been noted in the area only six weeks before, was “spreading like wildfire under our noses.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morrow feared that the entire San Francisco Bay Area, a region of more than 7 million people, would soon be “following Italy into the abyss,” with an exponential growth curve of infection and death.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825227\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825227\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Dr.-Scott-Morrow.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Mateo County Health Officer Dr. Scott Morrow speaks during a March 16 press conference by public health directors in six San Francisco Bay Area counties. \u003ccite>(Dai Sugano/MediaNews Group/The Mercury News/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Worse, Morrow was running out of ideas for checking the contagion. Already, he had banned large public gatherings. The county’s schools were shutting down. Deeply frustrated, he recalled sending an email to county officials, warning them, “This is all I can do – I’m out of options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On a rainy Sunday morning two days later, Morrow was awoken by a text message: Would he jump on a call with Dr. Tomás Aragón, the public health officer in San Francisco, and Dr. Sara Cody, the health officer of Santa Clara County in the hard-hit Silicon Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a day of calls that soon included county counsel, the officers converged on a radical consensus — to use their broad powers under California public health law in a way that had never been tried in the United States. To stop the spread of the disease, they would order the public to stay in their homes and shelter in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is what needed to be done,” Morrow said. Bay Area health officers announced vast shutdown orders the next day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morrow recalls feeling “scared shitless.” Would the public comply with shelter in place? And even if they did, would it work?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A week and a half later, on March 26, the U.S. became the global epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"stk-reset align-center stk-theme_26115__style_accented_text wp-exclude-emoji\">Blunting the Pandemic\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>At a congressional hearing in mid-May, a recently ousted federal health official pulled back the curtain on the colossal missteps that had undercut the federal response to the pandemic. Rick Bright had filed a whistleblower complaint charging that \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/22/us/politics/rick-bright-trump-hydroxychloroquine-coronavirus.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he was removed\u003c/a> from his post as the deputy assistant secretary for preparedness and response at the Department of Health and Human Services when he urged the vetting of hydroxychloroquine, the anti-malaria drug Trump touted as a cure for COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bright testified that he and several colleagues had warned the White House as early as January that the country was unprepared for a pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We knew going into this pandemic that critical medical equipment would be in short supply,” he told \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/05/14/politics/coronavirus-whistleblower-testimony/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Congress on May 14\u003c/a>. “I was met with indifference, saying they were either too busy, they didn’t have a plan, they didn’t know who was responsible for procuring those.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The federal government not only had failed to secure critical supplies, such as ventilator masks and testing swabs, he said, but had failed to provide clear guidance to the nation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our population is being paralyzed by fear,” he said, “stemming from a lack of a coordinated response and a dearth of accurate, clear communication about the path forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825221\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825221\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-800x573.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"573\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-800x573.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-160x115.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright-1020x730.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Bright.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rick Bright, a former deputy assistant secretary at the Department of Health and Human Services, testifies before a House subcommittee May 14. \u003ccite>(Shawn Thew/Pool via Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The testing shortages, in particular, hampered public health officials as they tried to confront the looming threat, said Dr. John Swartzberg, an epidemiologist with the joint medical program of the University of California, Berkeley\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>and UC San Francisco. For epidemiologists, tests are “our eyes” in a pandemic, Swartzberg said, and the rollout was so badly botched that decision-makers were left in the dark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At first, testing was delayed because the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>chose to create its own test rather than partner with private labs. When the new CDC tests were finally ready, the \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/2020/04/04/coronavirus-government-dysfunction/?arc404=true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">agency failed\u003c/a> to ramp up production – and the tests themselves had technical defects. State labs had to send their samples to CDC headquarters in Atlanta, causing a long backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"States can do their own testing,” Trump would \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/briefings-statements/remarks-president-trump-vice-president-pence-members-coronavirus-task-force-press-briefing-21/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later say\u003c/a>. “We’re the federal government. We’re not supposed to stand on street corners doing testing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Response to the pandemic in the global epicenter would be left to states and cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The earliest states to be hit by the pandemic would face the toughest tests, forced to consider unprecedented decisions. Among the first states with confirmed cases — and confirmed deaths — were California and Florida, whose governors’ wildly different leadership styles influenced the states’ responses.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Gov. Gavin Newsom, a Democrat, ultimately followed the lead of local health officers and became the first in the nation to extend shelter-in-place orders to the entire state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Florida, Gov. Ron DeSantis, a Republican, issued only vague recommendations until late in the game, leaving\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>local governments in charge of crucial decisions. He refused to close all of\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the state’s beaches and delayed issuing a statewide stay-at-home order for weeks, until 36 states had already done so and Florida had surpassed 100 deaths. In a statement to Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting, DeSantis spokesperson\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Cody McCloud said “the Governor’s Office worked with these mayors to ensure the needs of their counties were being met” as they made decisions early on in the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nowhere was the federal government’s scattershot response to the pandemic — and the contrast between the two governors — on more vivid display than in the distinct fates of cruise ship outbreaks that ended up in California and Florida ports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California-bound liner, the 3,500-passenger Grand Princess, had one COVID-19 \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://abc7news.com/coronavirus-princess-cruise-san-francisco-grand-placer-county-death/5988195/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">death\u003c/a> and nearly two dozen other cases by the time it approached San Francisco Bay in early March. Trump had made clear that he wasn’t keen on the ship coming ashore, concerned it would inflate the nation’s COVID-19 caseload.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825233\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825233\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-800x512.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"512\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-800x512.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-160x102.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise-1020x652.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Princess-Cruise.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Grand Princess cruise heads to the Port of Oakland, Calif., on March 9. At least 21 people aboard had tested positive for COVID-19. \u003ccite>(Josh Edelson/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I like the numbers being where they are,” \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/video/2020/mar/07/i-like-the-numbers-being-where-they-are-trump-video\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">he said\u003c/a> March 6. “I don’t need to have the numbers double because of one ship that wasn’t our fault.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom feared that if the ship docked in San Francisco, infection might sweep through the city. After prolonged consultations with the CDC, Pence’s coronavirus task force and other federal health officials, Newsom announced a plan: The Grand Princess would dock in Oakland, and U.S. passengers\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>would be put into quarantine at a cluster of military bases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida’s cruise ship crisis involved 1,200 passengers on two Holland America liners, the Zaandam and the Rotterdam. Some\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article241559956.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 150 passengers\u003c/a> had developed flu-like symptoms by the time Port Everglades became the ships’ last resort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here, DeSantis\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>left decision-making in the hands of a unified command of eight local and federal agencies. That team, as in California, included the CDC. But the outcome could not have been more different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On April 2, when the ships were allowed to dock, 13 seriously ill passengers and one crew member were taken to hospitals. Without being tested or quarantined, the other passengers headed for the airport, where they boarded chartered flights to such major cities as Atlanta, Toronto, London — and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The distinct pandemic responses in California and Florida were also shaped by the two states’ vastly different health infrastructures. While in California, counties have independent and highly autonomous health officers, Florida has a more centralized health department with branch offices in each county. The department largely \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.flgov.com/wp-content/uploads/orders/2020/EO_20-51.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">takes orders\u003c/a> from the governor. If the state’s leadership is slow, so is the department’s response.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida Department of Health officials declined an interview to discuss their pandemic response, noting in a statement only that their approach has been “strategic and methodical.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reveal, in partnership with KQED in San Francisco and WLRN Public Media of South Florida, interviewed dozens of elected officials, public health officers, mayors, hospital directors and educators to provide an unprecedented look at how key decisions made by local officials ultimately saved lives as the Trump administration downplayed the threat of the virus in the early days of the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s governor had feared millions of coronavirus infections. Instead, the state’s case rate fell below the national average, and the death toll, according to information compiled by the CDC and the Institute for Health Metrics Evaluation at the University of Washington, was far lower than initially feared.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida also skirted the early disaster that some experts had feared. By late March, Florida’s case\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>rate began to overtake California’s, but the state’s hospital system was never overwhelmed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bold action by local officials appears to have blunted the force of the pandemic in those crucial early weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s first case — and the nation’s third — was confirmed Jan. 25, when an Orange County man who had recently traveled to Wuhan, China, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://mailchi.mp/ochca/novelcoronavirus\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">was hospitalized\u003c/a>. But experts now believe that COVID-19 likely established itself weeks earlier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s when Jian Zhang, CEO of the Chinese Hospital in San Francisco’s Chinatown, began to sense that the viral outbreak in Wuhan was building into a pandemic that would inevitably spread to the West Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, in his \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.poynter.org/fact-checking/2020/we-have-it-totally-under-control-a-timeline-of-president-donald-trumps-response-to-the-coronavirus-pandemic/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first public comment\u003c/a> on the novel virus, had dismissed concerns, saying: “It’s one person coming in from China, and we have it under control. It’s going to be just fine.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Zhang said she was alarmed by word from an old medical school classmate that a volunteer Chinese medical team was flying three hours to Wuhan before the Jan. 25 start of the Lunar New Year, China’s biggest holiday. “When you deploy a team like that and you have to leave on Chinese New Year’s Eve,” Zhang recalled thinking, “something must be really serious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825231\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825231\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-800x443.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"443\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-800x443.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-160x89.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-1020x565.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang-672x372.jpg 672w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/J.-Zhang.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jian Zhang, CEO of the Chinese Hospital in San Francisco, says that in late January, she began to sense that the viral outbreak in Wuhan, China, would inevitably spread to the West Coast. \u003ccite>(CBS SF Bay Area)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The outbreak was coming at a dangerous time. The Lunar New Year marks the largest human migration on earth, as hundreds of millions travel to visit family for the extended holiday. And Zhang knew there was direct air service between Wuhan and San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m like, my God, it’s only 12 hours away,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zhang decided to stock up on protective equipment for the hospital, including 2,000 ventilator\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>masks. But the masks\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>were back-ordered.\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>She phoned the local official who represents Chinatown on the Board of Supervisors, Aaron Peskin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This will be a nightmare of yours and mine if we have the outbreak in Chinatown,” she told him. Zhang and Peskin pulled together a news conference Feb. 1 to warn of the coronavirus threat and urge Chinatown residents to reduce their risk of infection. Wash your hands, they repeated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile in Florida, a hospital just outside Fort Lauderdale was having its first brush with COVID-19. A woman visiting from a province near Wuhan showed up at a Memorial Healthcare System hospital with flu symptoms, sparking a flurry of\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>local coverage. She tested negative for COVID-19, but the incident was a wake-up call, prompting the hospital to dust off its pandemic preparedness plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My chief of infectious disease and my chief epidemiologist basically said that this will come,” said Chief Medical Officer Dr. Stanley Marks. “This will be a pandemic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Eerie Days\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">For Dr. Sara Cody, health officer in California’s Santa Clara County, the weeks before COVID-19 were like driving in a dense fog. You knew there might be a cliff around the bend. But you couldn’t see it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">In January, she and her staff started reading up about “some unusual virus that was emerging in China,” she said in an interview.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whatever the virus turned out to be, Cody thought it was headed her way: There’s a tremendous amount of routine air travel between Silicon Valley and Asia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I was thinking, you know, it’s likely we’re going to see this early,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By Feb. 3, Santa Clara County, home to San Jose, had confirmed two cases of COVID-19: Both patients had traveled to Wuhan. Cody declared a local public health emergency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then,” she recalled, “we had this eerie February, where we had no more cases reported, no more cases detected.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the weeks passed, Cody made reassuring public statements about COVID-19, to the point that some local officials complained that she was downplaying the risk. At one meeting, on Feb. 19, she said, “We don’t have any evidence still to date that the coronavirus is circulating in our county.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825223\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825223\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CODY.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dr. Sara Cody, health Officer of California’s Santa Clara County, speaks during a Feb. 28 press conference about the county’s third confirmed case of COVID-19. \u003ccite>(Yichuan Cao/Sipa via AP Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But behind the scenes, she was scrambling to track the virus’s spread. A health officer’s playbook for containing a pandemic begins with aggressive testing. In the case of COVID-19, the supply of tests was grossly inadequate — and the tests themselves were unreliable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout February, Cody said her staff was desperately trying to run the new CDC tests in local laboratories, but they couldn’t make them work. So every sample had to be sent to the CDC for testing, and “there was this huge, long process to get a specimen to the CDC and get it back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And so the month of February was just strange, because you had the sense that probably something might be going on, but we didn’t know what it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 27, Dr. Scott Morrow of neighboring San Mateo County, Cody’s longtime colleague, wrote an extraordinarily blunt \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.smchealth.org/health-officer-orders-and-statements\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">letter\u003c/a> to the county’s 700,000 residents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID-19 might become “a severe pandemic,” read the letter, posted on the county’s website. Everyone’s lives might be “significantly disrupted.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He ticked off a series of orders that might become necessary: social distancing. A ban on gatherings. Closing schools. Rationing critical supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a difficult message to share,” he wrote, “but it is important to recognize how difficult the times ahead may be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Florida, February was an extraordinarily quiet month when it came to the emerging world pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"label": "Reopening: What You Need to Know ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the first public rumblings about the virus came from the governor at a\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/health-care/article240695761.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> Feb. 27 news conference\u003c/a>. DeSantis said there were no confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the state, then evaded questions from reporters about how many people had actually been tested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think I’m allowed to go into the numbers,” he said, citing a\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"http://www.leg.state.fl.us/statutes/index.cfm?App_mode=Display_Statute&URL=0300-0399/0381/Sections/0381.0031.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> state law\u003c/a> that protects medical information of people undergoing “epidemiological investigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/health-care/article242844471.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">legal experts\u003c/a> and lawmakers were quick to point out that the law allowed the state to share aggregate numbers during a public health crisis. “It was a complete firewall of information,” said state Sen. Jose Javier Rodriguez, a Miami Democrat. “They say they can’t, when in reality they won’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Rodriguez was in Tallahassee for the legislative session, he asked for a meeting with the state Department of Health to discuss COVID-19 testing and preparedness. Medical experts were already encouraging elbow bumps in lieu of handshakes to prevent infection. So he was stunned when the health officials arrived at his office and one tried to shake his hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really did feel like Chicken Little,” Rodriguez said. “This is a real thing. They’re not telling us if it’s here or if it’s coming. And the first person at the first meeting I’m having about this is trying to shake my hand. And I was like, what’s going on?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Within days, on March 1, DeSantis confirmed the state’s first two cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the start, Gov. Gavin Newsom was the telegenic face of California’s fight against the pandemic. His earnest, information-packed \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/03/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">press conferences\u003c/a>, some lasting as long as an hour, were live-streamed and often dominated local evening news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians liked what they saw: By April, Newsom’s approval rating had increased by an astonishing 41 points, to 83%, FiveThirtyEight \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://fivethirtyeight.com/features/most-americans-like-how-their-governor-is-handling-the-coronavirus-outbreak/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">reported\u003c/a>. After he made an appearance on Rachel Maddow’s MSNBC show, the hashtag #PresidentNewsom briefly trended \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://account.sacbee.com/paywall/stop?resume=241860561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">on Twitter\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There were missteps: Newsom was slow to acknowledge problems with COVID-19 testing — at one point, California had a backlog of 60,000 tests, reportedly the\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/california-coronavirus-tests-backlog-unprocessed-2020-4\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> worst in the country\u003c/a> — and for a time, like Trump, he insisted, despite all evidence, that testing was readily available. (Newsom later acknowledged a problem — “I own that,” he said — and\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://calmatters.org/health/coronavirus/2020/04/california-coronavirus-test-backlog-delays-newsom-announces-ramp-up/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> promised to improve\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the governor took action only after local officials had cleared the way. That first became apparent in connection with one of his earliest attempts to check the virus — the March 11 ban on large gatherings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825257\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825257\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/AP_20077628870080-resized.jpg 1800w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Gov. Gavin Newsom speaks to reporters March 12 about the state’s response to the pandemic. \u003ccite>(Rich Pedroncelli/Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As COVID-19 gathered steam in the early days of March, health officers in the Bay Area started rolling out strategies to disrupt its spread. At first, this amounted only to strongly worded guidance.\u003cbr>\nIn a March 5 letter, Dr. Scott Morrow urged San Mateo County residents to practice social distancing and cancel nonessential gatherings. “This is not business as usual,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, San Francisco Mayor London Breed issued her own recommendations \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://sfmayor.org/article/san-francisco-department-public-health-announces-aggressive-recommendations-reduce-spread\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">discouraging large gatherings\u003c/a>. In Santa Clara County, Dr. Sara Cody did the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Across Silicon Valley, the giants of the tech industry responded in force, asking tens of thousands of employees to\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-8082517/Microsoft-Facebook-embrace-home-working-amid-coronavirus-crisis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> work from home\u003c/a>. Among them were such powerhouses as Facebook, Google, Apple, Twitter, Salesforce and LinkedIn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But as the health officers learned, not every business was willing to voluntarily follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>San Jose’s NHL team, the Sharks, and San Francisco’s NBA team, the Golden State Warriors, both continued to play games — potentially allowing the virus to spread among their thousands of fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Playing those games was “the worst thing you could do in the face of the pandemic,” said Dr. John Swartzberg, the UC epidemiologist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health officers countered by issuing orders banning large gatherings altogether, shutting the sports teams down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was two days after Santa Clara announced its ban that Newsom followed suit by \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2020/03/11/california-public-health-experts-mass-gatherings-should-be-postponed-or-canceled-statewide-to-slow-the-spread-of-covid-19/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">issuing one statewide\u003c/a>. That became the pattern: Local officials would issue tough orders, and the governor would expand on what they did. On the difficult matter\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>of closing public schools, for example, educators said\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the governor flatly refused to take the lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Experts knew that public schools were a potential breeding ground for the virus. One infected child could pass on the virus to dozens of classmates, teachers and family members. Closing schools was an obvious way to limit viral transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But officials also recognized that school closings would send a ripple of pain through every community. Working families would have to arrange child care or give up jobs. Grandparents — among the most vulnerable to serious illness from COVID-19 — would wind up taking care of kids. The logistics of reaching families in need of school meal programs would be formidable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a while, the downside of closing schools outweighed the benefits, as Cody put it. But early in March, starting with \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2020/03/07/family-tests-positive-for-coronavirus-in-elk-grove-district-closes-schools-next-week/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Elk Grove\u003c/a> in suburban Sacramento, individual districts in California began to close schools\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>when students or parents were diagnosed with COVID-19. In San Francisco, Superintendent Vincent Matthews shut down 2,900-student Lowell High School.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Monday, March 9, the governor met with school superintendents in the State Capitol. Matthews drove\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the 90 miles\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>to Sacramento, he recalled, “to find out whether he was going to close schools or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom wouldn’t do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was emphatic about that,” Matthews said, “that he was not going to close schools. He just said it was a local decision and he was going to let local districts make the call.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in San Francisco, Matthews decided to act swiftly. He consulted the county health officer, Dr. Tomás Aragón, and held an emergency meeting of the school board. On Thursday, March 12, he announced that\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.sfusd.edu/about/news/current-news/schools-will-close-students-3-weeks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> all schools in his district would close\u003c/a>. “We just determined that, you know, we needed to slow things down,” Matthews said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following day, \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://edsource.org/2020/california-k-12-schools-closed-due-to-the-coronavirus/624984\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">a wave\u003c/a> of other districts — including Los Angeles, with more than 700,000 students — followed San Francisco and shut down schools. Only then did the governor issue an \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.13.20-EO-N-26-20-Schools.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">order\u003c/a> guaranteeing that districts that closed because of the pandemic would still receive\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>state funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As life in California was grinding to a halt, Florida’s social and political life mostly went on undisturbed. In early March, state lawmakers still greeted each other with \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/03/12/do-florida-lawmakers-take-coronavirus-seriously-ask-when-they-stop-hugging/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">bear hugs\u003c/a> in the State Capitol. Tourists still crowded Disney World and Universal Studios. The \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/miami-beach/article240915331.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Winter Party Festival\u003c/a>, an annual LGBTQ event in Miami Beach, drew thousands of partygoers, some of whom \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/coronavirus/article242034896.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later died\u003c/a> of COVID-19.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But slowly, the first signs of a disturbance to Florida life emerged. Miami officials postponed the electronic dance music event Ultra Music Festival, despite \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/downtown-miami/article240878956.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">protests\u003c/a> by ticket holders on social media. As\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Florida’s\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>presidential primary neared, older poll workers concerned about getting exposed to the virus started to drop out, local elections officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We began receiving calls from people saying, ‘I’m not going to show up,’” said Peter Antonacci, Broward County’s elections supervisor. “‘I’m afraid of the virus.’ So we knew then that we had an issue.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the absence of guidance from federal and state officials, some local businesses took their own steps to protect their customers. Ruth Ann Bradley, who runs a yoga studio in Cooper City, near Fort Lauderdale, had been concerned about COVID-19 for days. She’d followed along on Facebook as yoga studios in California were closing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She began extra cleaning precautions in early March. She and her students wiped down their yoga mats and she steam-cleaned props between classes. She encouraged everyone to use hand sanitizer and wash their hands frequently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was only a matter of time, Bradley thought, before the virus swept across South Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Shelter in Place\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">By Friday, March 13, the lives of millions of Californians had been disrupted to fight the pandemic. But the virus’s spread still seemed to be accelerating, and San Mateo County’s Dr. Scott Morrow began to fear that the Bay Area might be “only one or two weeks behind Italy.” There, the surge in COVID-19 cases had overwhelmed the nation’s health care system — and its morgues.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More needed to be done, Morrow believed. But as a local health officer battling a worldwide pandemic, he was “out of options,” as he wrote to county officials. Further measures would have to come from the state or federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In San Francisco, Mayor London Breed said she too had concluded that more drastic action was needed: Her city of nearly 900,000 people would have to shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt strongly that the sooner we get there, the faster we can hopefully get out of there,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over that weekend, Breed said she “reached out to the governor,” telling him that shutting down the city was “what we need to do.” Newsom “didn’t want me to go out there and do it on my own,” Breed said. “He wanted us to collaborate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so on Sunday, Breed’s health officer, Aragón, got on the phone with his counterparts\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Cody and Morrow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825220\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825220\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Breed.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Mayor London Breed announces a shelter-in-place order March 16. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Bay Area health officers had been collaborating on regional health crises since the AIDS epidemic in the 1980s. They knew that state laws allow them to “take any action that you need to take to stop disease,” as Morrow put it. “They’re kind of brilliantly written. They kind of take politics out of the mix.” At one time or another, all had used those broad powers. But typically, the target was one person — a tuberculosis patient who needed to be quarantined, for example.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, the officers were contemplating an order quarantining an entire region — both the healthy and the sick.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like COVID-19 itself, their discussion moved rapidly. Only two days before, when Cody had banned large gatherings in Silicon Valley, the order had struck her as “so monumental and so difficult and having such profound impact,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Never did I imagine that 48 hours later, I would have come as far as thinking that we actually needed to completely shut things down and shelter in place.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morrow called the process “otherworldly, literally otherworldly. … It did not seem in the realms of this world.” But somehow, by that evening, they had crafted the unprecedented shelter-in-place order. Health officers from four other counties signed on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s striking how absent state officials were from the deliberations. Morrow said none of the health officials alerted Gov. Gavin Newsom or other elected officials and their input was not sought. Cody said she couldn’t remember distinctly, but thought that somebody must have at least looped in the governor via the state health department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Only Breed recalled telling the governor of her plan to lock down San Francisco; by her account, he preferred joint action by local officials. The governor’s office declined to comment for this story.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The health officers of six counties \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11806988/sheltering-in-place-what-you-need-to-know\">announced shelter in place\u003c/a> that Monday, March 16, at a joint news conference in the city of Santa Clara. Breed announced San Francisco’s closure herself.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They said they don’t want to put politics in it, but that’s wrong,” Breed said of the county health officers. “The fact is they put forward directives and then … we have to go out there and defend their orders and explain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their actions may not have been coordinated with the governor, but they appear to have\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>sent a message.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two days later, Newsom appeared deeply worried about COVID-19. He wrote a\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.18.20-Letter-USNS-Mercy-Hospital-Ship.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> letter to Trump\u003c/a>, saying the state projected that 25.5 million Californians could become infected with the virus over the next eight weeks — a startlingly high figure that implied hundreds of thousands might die. Newsom’s aides later walked back the number, calling it a worst-case scenario that didn’t factor in efforts to fight the pandemic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the same time, California mayors —including Eric Garcetti of Los Angeles and Sam Liccardo of San Jose — were urgently lobbying the governor for a statewide shelter-in-place order. “If we didn’t have a uniform set of rules, then we would all just have our communities getting reinfected,” Liccardo said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825229\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825229\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Freeway.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The normally choked 110 Freeway heading into downtown Los Angeles on March 20, the day after California Gov. Gavin Newsom issued a statewide stay-at-home order. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On March 19, two days after the Bay Area shutdown orders went into effect, Newsom extended them to the \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/3.19.20-attested-EO-N-33-20-COVID-19-HEALTH-ORDER.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">entire state\u003c/a>. Effective immediately, nearly 40 million residents were ordered to stay at home except when conducting essential business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California, with\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>19\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>confirmed deaths, was the first state to take this drastic measure. Without the ability to test and trace, it was arguably the only effective means of checking the spread of the pandemic. Over the next four days,\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>eight other states shut down. Florida held off 15 more days, until April 3, when it became the 37th state to mandate shelter in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis said he was taking his lead from the White House: “It makes sense to make this move now. I did consult with folks in the White House about it. I did talk to the president about it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump had long insisted that the nation would be \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/24/politics/trump-easter-economy-coronavirus/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">back to normal by Easter\u003c/a>; by the end of March, he finally conceded\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>that was “\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.medpagetoday.com/infectiousdisease/covid19/85678\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">just an aspiration\u003c/a>” after extending federal COVID-19 guidelines, which encouraged older people and those who feel sick to stay home, for another 30 days. DeSantis called that decision a “\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2020/us/coronavirus-stay-at-home-order.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">national pause button\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With contradictory signals coming from Washington, all eyes were on California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After San Francisco announced its shelter-in-place order, Breed recalls telling several mayors that they should shut down their cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the time, people probably thought I was overreacting just a little bit,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City of Miami Mayor Francis Suarez was one of the mayors who immediately\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>got on the phone with Breed in mid-March. The two are close, and Suarez took her advice seriously. He wanted to issue a shelter-in-place order in Miami, but the path forward was less clear than in the Bay Area, where the health officers enjoy extraordinary autonomy. Miami’s city attorney didn’t think Suarez or the city manager had the legal power to do it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We had to put a lot of internal pressure on our city attorney with our commissioners to get her to agree to it,” Suarez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Fort Lauderdale, 30 miles north of Miami, City Manager Chris Lagerbloom also was in touch with his counterparts in California. They had been grappling with the virus for longer. Lagerbloom asked them: \"What do you wish you knew at our stage in the game?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer was a resounding, ‘Don’t\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>wait for it to get worse before you decide to take action,’” he said. “It was one of those times where that sank in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeSantis was not yet ready to hit pause\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">. \u003c/strong>He insisted on going forward with the state’s March 17 presidential primary. “We’re definitely voting. They voted during the Civil War,” DeSantis said at the time. Canceling it, he said, “would have really sent a signal about panic. And I don’t think that’s the signal that you want to send.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And although he recommended postponing or\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/03/12/mass-gatherings-in-florida-should-be-postponed-to-stop-coronavirus-spread-desantis-says/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> canceling mass gatherings\u003c/a>, he didn’t issue orders to ban them outright. By the second weekend of March, business and political leaders began to shut down South Florida. Miami-Dade County officials canceled the \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/miami-dade/west-miami-dade/article241125471.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">annual Youth Fair\u003c/a> hours before it was scheduled to open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers of the Firestone Grand Prix in southwest Florida postponed the race. Disney shut down its parks. At Magic Kingdom, Mickey Mouse and a menagerie of other Disney characters waved at the crowds one last time before the park shut its massive gates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>School districts, following California, began shutting down. “We started paying attention to it when [COVID-19] impacted the West Coast in particular,” said Broward County\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Superintendent Robert Runcie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Runcie and his deputies met regularly to go over the district’s COVID-19 preparedness plan starting in February. Beyond protecting his staff and students, Runcie realized that he would need to coordinate any school closures with other South Florida superintendents. What happened in his district would inevitably affect neighboring ones, because many Broward County residents worked at Miami-Dade schools and some Broward school employees lived in Palm Beach County. The three superintendents began to confer, Runcie said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re all connected,” Runcie said. “So you make a decision in one district, it’s going to have ramifications in the other.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Friday, March 13, all three districts announced they would close schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But on the beach, spring break\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>raged on through the weekend — until the Miami Beach and Fort Lauderdale mayors took the extraordinary step on Sunday afternoon of announcing that their beaches would close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Florida is known to shut down beaches for one reason: a hurricane. Daniel Stermer, mayor of Weston and then-president of the Broward League of Cities, said he was blindsided by Fort Lauderdale’s move.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The rest of us sort of went, ‘What did you just do? You didn’t discuss that with us,’” Stermer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Miami Beach and Fort Lauderdale beaches emptied out, nearby coastal mayors scrambled to impose their own closures as spring breakers searched for new places to party.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825235\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825235\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Spring-Break.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Spring breakers party on Pompano Beach, Fla., on March 17. \u003ccite>(Julio Cortez/Associated Press)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Key Biscayne, Mayor Michael Davey quickly noticed a rush on the grocery stores in his beach town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re obviously going to the beach,” he said. “They’re in bathing suits and they’re getting their beer and they’re getting their hot dogs and they’re getting all their stuff and they’re buying the coolers. And I’m saying, ‘Well, this isn’t good.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Key Biscayne soon closed its beaches. So did Hollywood, where Mayor Josh Levy anticipated that spring breakers would descend on his city. “We needed to take decisive and immediate action,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, the governor continued his hands-off approach. He banned gatherings larger than 10 people at beaches, but left much of the rest up to local governments. A DeSantis spokesman told Reveal that beaches weren’t closed statewide “because a one-size-fits-all approach was not the right model for Florida.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have a mother just walking down the beach with her daughter, I think that can be done safely,” DeSantis \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.mysuncoast.com/2020/03/24/desantis-cracking-down-travelers-hotspots-will-require-them-self-quarantine/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a>. “That is much different than doing a Jell-O shot off somebody’s stomach.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Looking back, Dan Gelber, Miami Beach’s mayor, said beaches should have closed sooner. The COVID-19 numbers may have been low, but who knew what that meant without widespread testing. The virus had likely already spread undetected. Miami Beach was the first to close its beach, he said, “and still, we were very late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji align-center stk-theme_26115__style_accented_text\">Cascade of Orders\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">After the beach closures came a wave of aggressive local action, as cities and towns across South Florida issued stay-at-home orders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">In Broward, officials from the county’s 31 municipalities scrambled to coordinate their orders, said Chris Lagerbloom, the Fort Lauderdale city manager. He was among three city managers who joined forces to draft a list of recommendations and deliver them to the rest of the cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">Local leaders\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>went their own way on some issues. Some instituted their own curfews. Others classified active construction projects as essential businesses. But all ultimately came out with stay-at-home orders of their own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">“It was really neat to watch,” Lagerbloom said, “because I didn’t think it was possible.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">After several cities had issued their orders, Miami-Dade and Broward counties \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/broward/article241535856.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">told residents to stay home\u003c/a> March 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825228\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825228\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Empty-Beach.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An aerial view shows a deserted stretch of sand in Miami Beach, Fla., on March 20. \u003ccite>(Chandan Khanna/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some residents had already taken action. At her Cooper City\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>yoga studio\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">,\u003c/strong> in Broward County, Ruth Ann Bradley said she felt exhausted from disinfecting her entire studio after each class. She worried about the safety of her students. Her larger classes could accommodate up to 20 at a time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just kind of saw the writing on the wall,” Bradley said. “I can’t go through another week of all this cleaning if I’m basically going to be closing anyway. And it just seemed like the right thing to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On March 15, a week before Broward County issued its order closing nonessential businesses, she sent a notice to her students: The studio would close,\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>and classes would be offered via Zoom.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/health/2020/05/10/how-florida-slowed-coronavirus-everyone-stayed-home-before-they-were-told-to/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Tampa Bay Times analysis\u003c/a> of cellphone tracking data found that Bradley was not alone: In every county in the state, people had begun staying home well before county and state orders were issued. By the time the governor finally ordered residents to stay home, nearly half of the state’s counties had already seen a 50% decline in activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeSantis, who had been loath to intervene early on, issued a series of orders in March, ordering international travelers to self-quarantine, discouraging mass gatherings and barring visitors from nursing homes. He also ordered 1 million doses of hydroxychloroquine following Trump’s praise of the anti-malaria drug as a treatment for COVID-19. (\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/drug-promoted-by-trump-as-coronavirus-game-changer-increasingly-linked-to-deaths/2020/05/15/85d024fe-96bd-11ea-9f5e-56d8239bf9ad_story.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Studies\u003c/a> later established that it was dangerous for COVID-19 patients.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But DeSantis \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.wfla.com/community/health/coronavirus/florida-lawmakers-sign-letter-urging-desantis-to-issue-statewide-stay-at-home-order/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">rebuffed calls\u003c/a> for a statewide stay-at-home order, arguing that a uniform approach wouldn’t be appropriate, given that some counties had very few cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You simply cannot lock down our society indefinitely with no end in sight,” he \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HlIR7JMoaj8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">said\u003c/a> at a March 23 press conference. “And when people say that we may do this for seven to nine months, I can tell you that is not sustainable. That is not something that this society would accept.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11825225\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11825225\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-800x534.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"534\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/DeSantis.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis speaks during a March 30 news conference in a parking lot being used as a COVID-19 testing center. \u003ccite>(Joe Raedle/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When his stay-at-home order landed April 1, the\u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.flgov.com/wp-content/uploads/orders/2020/EO_20-91-compressed.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> 34-page executive order\u003c/a> listed religious services as essential and thus exempt from the shutdown. Two Broward County mayors, Weston’s Daniel Stermer and city of Sunrise Mayor Michael Ryan, fired off emails to DeSantis’ office asking the governor to reconsider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Based upon proven science, these large gatherings are jeopardizing the health, safety and welfare,” Ryan wrote. “As a result, we feel very strongly not only can we restrict access, we have an obligation to do so based upon the science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joe Jacquot, the governor’s general counsel, responded that DeSantis’ order allowed cities to restrict churches if they chose. Ryan wasn’t satisfied. The order, he wrote, “explicitly invalidates our local orders. We are going to run into conflict with those who do not want to comply.” A subsequent email exchange indicates that Stermer’s city attorney would call Jacquot to talk things through.\u003cbr>\nBy the time the state order went into effect, Florida’s reported coronavirus death toll had topped 100.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3 class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji align-center stk-theme_26115__style_accented_text\">Flattening the Curve\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__style_font_style-1560426838969\">At first, it was not at all clear whether Californians would comply with Gov. Gavin Newsom’s pathbreaking shelter-in-place order. The weekend after it went into effect, Venice Beach in Los Angeles was mobbed, and the governor was irked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those young people are still out there on the beaches thinking it’s time to party,” Newsom said at a news conference. “It’s time to grow up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The normally secluded beaches of San Mateo County, south of San Francisco, “looked like Waikiki,” complained Dr. Scott Morrow, the county health officer. And he had noticed other signs of noncompliance\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> —\u003c/strong> large picnics and outdoor sports. Morrow called out\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the scofflaws.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'What I mostly remember from those weeks is racing around trying to find out, you know, where we can stand up alternate care sites. We were imagining ICUs that were going to be brimming.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you decide you want to do your own thing and follow your own rules, you disrespect us all,” he wrote in an open letter. “You spit in our face, and you will contribute to the death toll that will follow.”\u003cbr>\nAs days passed, compliance improved. The experts’ worst fears — that, like Italy, California’s hospitals would be overwhelmed with gravely ill patients — had been staved off, for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What I mostly remember from those weeks is racing around trying to find out, you know, where we can stand up alternate care sites,” said Santa Clara County’s Dr. Sara Cody, referring to temporary facilities that could house patients once Bay Area hospitals were full.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We were imagining ICUs that were going to be brimming,” she\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>said. “We had our mass fatality plans reviewed and revised. And then, of course, our shelter in place helped to really slow things down. And our hospitals never saw that surge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s statewide shutdown order appears to have gotten traction: In the weeks that followed, California suffered far less from the pandemic than other states, with both case\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>rates and death rates below the national average, despite the state having been host to the first confirmed case of community transmission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Testing data also suggests the profound impact of those early Bay Area shelter-in-place orders: The Bay Area’s curve flattened quickly and dramatically after the shutdown and continued to plateau even as the number of COVID-19 cases in the rest of the state rose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825222\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-800x617.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"617\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-800x617.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-160x123.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph-1020x787.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/CA-Graph.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The same pattern was visible to a lesser extent in Florida, where officials in Miami-Dade and Broward counties mobilized quickly while Gov. Ron\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>DeSantis embraced a laissez-faire approach. Just as in California, their decisions made a difference. By late\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>April, confirmed cases in those counties began to drop as other Florida counties reported an increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-11825230\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-800x604.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"604\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-800x604.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-160x121.png 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph-1020x770.png 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/06/Florida-Graph.png 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Although\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>the limited testing data makes it difficult to draw conclusions, the flattened\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>curves in Florida and California “emphasize the point that early action makes a difference,” said\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Dr.\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Marissa Levine, director of the Center for Leadership in Public Health Practice at the University of South Florida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">“\u003c/em>In both states, we know that local leaders acted before state leaders did,” she said. “To some degree, we’re seeing that reflected in the data.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By April 20, the day Florida’s task force for reopening \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/florida-politics/buzz/2020/04/20/governors-task-force-to-reopen-florida-will-make-recommendations-this-week/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">first convened\u003c/a>,\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>California was\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>reporting 86\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>cases per 100,000 residents, and Florida, 126. New York, the nation’s epicenter, had 1,293.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Florida is not doing great,” Dr. John Swartzberg, the California epidemiologist, said in early May, before Florida began to reopen, \u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">“\u003c/strong>but it’s doing a lot better than I thought it would be given their really poor judgment, and a governor who doesn’t understand public health\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\">.”\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBut we may never know the full cost of DeSantis’ delays. Cellphone tracking data showed that Fort Lauderdale spring breakers \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/04/tech/location-tracking-florida-coronavirus/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">dispersed\u003c/a> to locales across the country, including to New York City, which would soon be overwhelmed. Nor can we know just how far the nation might have plunged into the COVID-19 abyss if California leaders had failed to take bold actions early on, clearing the way for elected officials elsewhere to follow suit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "'The challenge we have here is that every state has kind of been left to its own to figure out the path forward. To some degree, that’s OK. But it should be done under a national framework that provides some level of standardization.'",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It was really critical to set a standard,” Levine said, referring to California. “Clearly, somebody had to go first. That always helps others make decisions a little more readily.” And California’s decision, she points out, built on Wuhan’s, where officials instituted a massive shutdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ultimately, officials in both states faced dilemmas triggered by the lack of federal leadership — and the inability to conduct widespread testing. The testing shortage not only hampered early decision-making, but it also robbed local health officials of traditional tools such as testing and contact tracing and forced them to consider drastic, unprecedented measures such as shelter in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The challenge we have here is that every state has kind of been left to its own to figure out the path forward,” Levine said. “To some degree, that’s OK. But it should be done under a national framework that provides some level of standardization.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such standardization would hinge on a strong testing infrastructure that, five months into the U.S. pandemic, is still not in place. Without it, states are still largely\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>in the dark as they take steps to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump, resistant to aggressive testing from the start, has yet to embrace it as a linchpin of restarting the economy. Just three weeks after the U.S. became the global epicenter of the pandemic, the Trump administration released its \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.vox.com/2020/4/16/21224405/opening-up-america-again-trump-coronavirus-testing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">guidelines for reopening\u003c/a>, called “Opening Up America Again.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That next week in Florida, DeSantis launched his\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>Re-Open Florida Task Force. None of the executive\u003cstrong class=\"stk-reset\"> \u003c/strong>committee members are medical doctors or epidemiologists. Instead, it’s packed with leaders of the state’s largest corporations. Thanks to their guidance, South Florida has begun to loosen restrictions, allowing businesses to open at a reduced capacity and reopening the beaches that are the engine of Florida’s tourism industry. Disney World plans to reopen next month. Schools \u003ca class=\"stk-reset\" href=\"https://www.tampabay.com/news/education/2020/06/11/gov-ron-desantis-announces-plan-for-reopening-florida-schools/?utm_campaign=SocialFlow&utm_source=twitter&utm_medium=social&utm_content=%40TB_Tmes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">may reopen\u003c/a> in August.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As restrictions unravel, COVID-19 numbers have already begun to surge in Florida. On Tuesday, the state recorded its highest number of reported cases in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Levine worries about the public abandoning safety measures as they emerge from strict shelter-in-place orders from the early days of the pandemic. “A lot of people think we did what we needed to do, and now we just need to go back to the way it was.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the wrong message, unfortunately,” Levine said. “I think we may pay the price as we watch cases go up here in Florida and around the country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp class=\"stk-reset wp-exclude-emoji stk-theme_26115__color_26115_custom_color_3\">\u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">This story was edited by Esther Kaplan, Soo Oh, Jen Chien and Matt Thompson\u003c/em> \u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">and copy edited by Nikki Frick. \u003c/em>\u003cem class=\"stk-reset\">Editors Terence Shepherd and Alicia Zuckerman from WLRN and Julia B. Chan and Ethan Toven-Lindsey from KQED contributed.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Child care provider \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11754857/they-may-be-in-demand-but-child-care-workers-still-struggle-to-make-ends-meet\">Pat Alexander\u003c/a> has hung onto her in-home child care center during the COVID-19 pandemic, but just barely. Alexander was caring for 13 kids in her Elk Grove home in Sacramento County, but now she’s down to three. So far, she’s survived the hit to her income. But a proposed \u003ca href=\"https://lao.ca.gov/handouts/education/2020/Overview-of-May-Revision-K-12-and-Early-Education-Proposals-051820.pdf\">10% cut\u003c/a> to the amount of money the state gives her to care for children from low-income families would force her to re-evaluate her business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2020-21/pdf/Revised/BudgetSummary/K-12Education.pdf\">has proposed the cut\u003c/a> as part of his plan to close a $54 billion deficit brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic. But Alexander said the rate she gets from the state is already lower than what she charges her other families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation=\"Pat Alexander, child care provider\"]‘My cost of living didn’t change. It didn’t go down 10%’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always operated with the subsidy families and low-income families and always worked with them,” she said. “And now, if they do this 10% cut, that’s a big chunk of money and it adds up. My cost of living didn’t change. It didn’t go down 10%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexander said if the cuts go through, she may have to stop taking families who pay with subsidies. That’s exactly what advocates are worried will happen. Kristin Schumacher, a senior policy analyst with the California Budget and Policy Center, said child care providers operate on razor-thin margins. And because of social distancing and increased cleaning expenses, it’s costing more to take care of fewer kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really put a crunch on their budgets. And for some, it’s going to be untenable,” Schumacher said. “They’re not going to be able to cover their operating costs and remain open. And so we may lose providers in the subsidized system as a result.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are already roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11745428/one-womans-endless-wait-for-state-subsidized-child-care\">1.8 million children\u003c/a> in California whose families qualify for state subsidies but can’t find a spot. That may be one reason why the governor’s proposed rate cut has been met with resistance from state lawmakers. The Senate Budget Committee \u003ca href=\"https://sbud.senate.ca.gov/sites/sbud.senate.ca.gov/files/May_28_2020_Hearing_Agenda.pdf\">rejected the changes\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Kevin McCarty, D-Sacramento, said the rate cuts could hurt the entire economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"Related Coverage\" tag=\"budget\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People that work in this field would potentially lose their livelihoods, lose their jobs,” McCarty said. “More importantly, we lose places for people to send their kids so they can get back to work. How can people get back to work if they have no place to send their kids during the day?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margot Grant Gould, policy director for the First 5 Association of California, said California had gone through this before during the Great Recession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We lost a number of child care providers because they simply weren’t able to stay in business for these exact reasons,” she said. “And we are concerned about what this will look like coming into our COVID-19 recovery and in the recession that we’re currently in at this moment in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grant Gould said Newsom’s proposal does continue to support child care in some areas, including stipends for providers and money to help cover COVID-19-related costs. But she said cuts to provider rates would undermine an already very fragile system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s proposal calls for the cuts to be eliminated if the state receives more financial assistance from the federal government. Lawmakers must pass a balanced budget by June 15.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always operated with the subsidy families and low-income families and always worked with them,” she said. “And now, if they do this 10% cut, that’s a big chunk of money and it adds up. My cost of living didn’t change. It didn’t go down 10%.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alexander said if the cuts go through, she may have to stop taking families who pay with subsidies. That’s exactly what advocates are worried will happen. Kristin Schumacher, a senior policy analyst with the California Budget and Policy Center, said child care providers operate on razor-thin margins. And because of social distancing and increased cleaning expenses, it’s costing more to take care of fewer kids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really put a crunch on their budgets. And for some, it’s going to be untenable,” Schumacher said. “They’re not going to be able to cover their operating costs and remain open. And so we may lose providers in the subsidized system as a result.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are already roughly \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11745428/one-womans-endless-wait-for-state-subsidized-child-care\">1.8 million children\u003c/a> in California whose families qualify for state subsidies but can’t find a spot. That may be one reason why the governor’s proposed rate cut has been met with resistance from state lawmakers. The Senate Budget Committee \u003ca href=\"https://sbud.senate.ca.gov/sites/sbud.senate.ca.gov/files/May_28_2020_Hearing_Agenda.pdf\">rejected the changes\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblyman Kevin McCarty, D-Sacramento, said the rate cuts could hurt the entire economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People that work in this field would potentially lose their livelihoods, lose their jobs,” McCarty said. “More importantly, we lose places for people to send their kids so they can get back to work. How can people get back to work if they have no place to send their kids during the day?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Margot Grant Gould, policy director for the First 5 Association of California, said California had gone through this before during the Great Recession.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We lost a number of child care providers because they simply weren’t able to stay in business for these exact reasons,” she said. “And we are concerned about what this will look like coming into our COVID-19 recovery and in the recession that we’re currently in at this moment in time.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Grant Gould said Newsom’s proposal does continue to support child care in some areas, including stipends for providers and money to help cover COVID-19-related costs. But she said cuts to provider rates would undermine an already very fragile system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom’s proposal calls for the cuts to be eliminated if the state receives more financial assistance from the federal government. Lawmakers must pass a balanced budget by June 15.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "California Issues Guidelines for Places of Worship to Reopen at Limited Capacity",
"title": "California Issues Guidelines for Places of Worship to Reopen at Limited Capacity",
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"content": "\u003cp>Places of worship in California can reopen for services, but only after they make major modifications based on a set of guidelines released Monday by state health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines, issued by the California Department of Public Health, leave it to the discretion of individual counties to decide whether religious gatherings in their jurisdictions can resume. If local officials give the go-ahead, places of worship must limit attendance to 25% capacity or a maximum of 100 attendees — whichever is lower — for at least the first 21 days after reopening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most houses of worship have been limited to online and remote services since March, when Gov. Gavin Newsom issued a stay-at-home order to slow the spread of the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Together, our actions have helped bend the curve and reduce infections in our state,” said Dr. Sonia Angell, state health officer and California Department of Public Health director, in a statement. “As sectors continue to open with changes that aim to lower risk, remember that COVID-19 is still present in our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Churches, synagogues, mosques and other houses of worship are also required to create COVID-19 prevention plans and establish protocols for screening workers and volunteers. The guidelines detail how to clean and disinfect high-traffic areas such as pews and lobbies, and items such as microphones and stands. Religious leaders and volunteers are urged to wear gloves and to continue enforcing social distancing by reconfiguring seating and avoiding large gatherings such as concerts and celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines ask worshippers to wear masks, avoid sharing prayer books or prayer rugs and skip the collection plate. They also say to avoid food-sharing events and large gatherings for holidays, weddings and funerals, warning that activities such as singing or group recitation \"negate” the benefits of social distancing as they may increase coronavirus \"transmission through exhaled droplets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with physical distancing, the guidelines caution that in-person worship carries a higher risk of transmitting the virus and increasing the numbers of hospitalizations and deaths and recommend houses of worship shorten services and continue offering remote options for participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full guidelines \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/guidance-places-of-worship.pdf\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials on Monday also released guidelines for resuming in-store retail shopping, again based on approval by individual county health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not immediately clear how soon in-person religious services will resume. Counties that are having success controlling the virus are likely to move quickly. Others with outbreaks — such as Los Angeles County, which has about 60% of California’s roughly 3,800 deaths — may choose to delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many congregations have been anxiously awaiting an announcement on religious services, a source of growing tension after Newsom began relaxing constraints on stores and other secular outlets earlier this month as part of a four-phase plan to reopen the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange announced last week that it is phasing in public masses beginning June 14, starting with restricted numbers of worshippers. At first, choirs will be banned, fonts won’t contain holy water and parishioners won’t perform rituals where they must touch each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that God is with us, but at the same time we have to be careful and make sure that we protect each other in this challenging time,\" Bishop Kevin Vann said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some church leaders aren't eager to reopen. The Rev. Amos Brown, pastor of Third Baptist Church in San Francisco and head of the local NAACP chapter, led a protest Monday against reopening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not going to be rushing back to church,” he said by phone, noting that many leaders of his denomination have been sickened or died nationwide. Freedom of religion is “not the freedom to kill folks, not the freedom to put people in harm’s way. That’s insane,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some 47 of the state's 58 counties have received permission to move deeper into the reopening by meeting standards for controlling the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label=\"related coverage\" tag=\"coronavirus\"]In California, most houses of worship have complied with social distancing, making do with online, remote and a few drive-in services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles, Archbishop José Gomez called on parishes to celebrate Pentecost — a major religious day for many Christians — next Sunday by holding food and blood drives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it is important for all us of to be aware that this is a very dangerous illness, and we are making sure that everything is OK when we come back and celebrate the Eucharist together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But several thousand churches have vowed to defy the current restrictions on Pentecost, next Sunday, arguing they can do so safely. They have been \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/8a34b6599602dbd751f2c1fcb93387fe\">bolstered by President Trump\u003c/a>, who on Friday called churches \"essential\" and said governors should allow them to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two church services that already were held without authorization have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11820576/officials-say-2-church-services-sources-of-virus-outbreaks-newsom-prepares-to-release-guidelines-for-religious-institutions\">been sources of outbreaks\u003c/a>; one in Mendocino County and the other in Butte County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's cautious approach to reopening has angered opponents who claim the rules violate religious freedoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Pentecostal church in San Diego County lost a federal appeal Friday in its quest to reopen immediately and filed an appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit Center for American Liberty, which has filed several lawsuits over church restrictions, said the guidelines don’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom “lacks authority to dictate to California’s faithful how they may worship,” said Harmeet Dhillon, a San Francisco lawyer and the group’s CEO. “Let people who wish to worship safely and together, do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from Robert Jablon of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Places of worship in California can reopen for services, but only after they make major modifications based on a set of guidelines released Monday by state health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines, issued by the California Department of Public Health, leave it to the discretion of individual counties to decide whether religious gatherings in their jurisdictions can resume. If local officials give the go-ahead, places of worship must limit attendance to 25% capacity or a maximum of 100 attendees — whichever is lower — for at least the first 21 days after reopening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most houses of worship have been limited to online and remote services since March, when Gov. Gavin Newsom issued a stay-at-home order to slow the spread of the coronavirus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Together, our actions have helped bend the curve and reduce infections in our state,” said Dr. Sonia Angell, state health officer and California Department of Public Health director, in a statement. “As sectors continue to open with changes that aim to lower risk, remember that COVID-19 is still present in our communities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Churches, synagogues, mosques and other houses of worship are also required to create COVID-19 prevention plans and establish protocols for screening workers and volunteers. The guidelines detail how to clean and disinfect high-traffic areas such as pews and lobbies, and items such as microphones and stands. Religious leaders and volunteers are urged to wear gloves and to continue enforcing social distancing by reconfiguring seating and avoiding large gatherings such as concerts and celebrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The guidelines ask worshippers to wear masks, avoid sharing prayer books or prayer rugs and skip the collection plate. They also say to avoid food-sharing events and large gatherings for holidays, weddings and funerals, warning that activities such as singing or group recitation \"negate” the benefits of social distancing as they may increase coronavirus \"transmission through exhaled droplets.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even with physical distancing, the guidelines caution that in-person worship carries a higher risk of transmitting the virus and increasing the numbers of hospitalizations and deaths and recommend houses of worship shorten services and continue offering remote options for participation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read the full guidelines \u003ca href=\"https://covid19.ca.gov/pdf/guidance-places-of-worship.pdf\">here\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials on Monday also released guidelines for resuming in-store retail shopping, again based on approval by individual county health officials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not immediately clear how soon in-person religious services will resume. Counties that are having success controlling the virus are likely to move quickly. Others with outbreaks — such as Los Angeles County, which has about 60% of California’s roughly 3,800 deaths — may choose to delay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many congregations have been anxiously awaiting an announcement on religious services, a source of growing tension after Newsom began relaxing constraints on stores and other secular outlets earlier this month as part of a four-phase plan to reopen the economy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Roman Catholic Diocese of Orange announced last week that it is phasing in public masses beginning June 14, starting with restricted numbers of worshippers. At first, choirs will be banned, fonts won’t contain holy water and parishioners won’t perform rituals where they must touch each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We know that God is with us, but at the same time we have to be careful and make sure that we protect each other in this challenging time,\" Bishop Kevin Vann said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, some church leaders aren't eager to reopen. The Rev. Amos Brown, pastor of Third Baptist Church in San Francisco and head of the local NAACP chapter, led a protest Monday against reopening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are not going to be rushing back to church,” he said by phone, noting that many leaders of his denomination have been sickened or died nationwide. Freedom of religion is “not the freedom to kill folks, not the freedom to put people in harm’s way. That’s insane,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some 47 of the state's 58 counties have received permission to move deeper into the reopening by meeting standards for controlling the virus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In California, most houses of worship have complied with social distancing, making do with online, remote and a few drive-in services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Los Angeles, Archbishop José Gomez called on parishes to celebrate Pentecost — a major religious day for many Christians — next Sunday by holding food and blood drives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it is important for all us of to be aware that this is a very dangerous illness, and we are making sure that everything is OK when we come back and celebrate the Eucharist together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But several thousand churches have vowed to defy the current restrictions on Pentecost, next Sunday, arguing they can do so safely. They have been \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/8a34b6599602dbd751f2c1fcb93387fe\">bolstered by President Trump\u003c/a>, who on Friday called churches \"essential\" and said governors should allow them to reopen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two church services that already were held without authorization have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11820576/officials-say-2-church-services-sources-of-virus-outbreaks-newsom-prepares-to-release-guidelines-for-religious-institutions\">been sources of outbreaks\u003c/a>; one in Mendocino County and the other in Butte County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom's cautious approach to reopening has angered opponents who claim the rules violate religious freedoms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A Pentecostal church in San Diego County lost a federal appeal Friday in its quest to reopen immediately and filed an appeal with the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit Center for American Liberty, which has filed several lawsuits over church restrictions, said the guidelines don’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom “lacks authority to dictate to California’s faithful how they may worship,” said Harmeet Dhillon, a San Francisco lawyer and the group’s CEO. “Let people who wish to worship safely and together, do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article includes reporting from Robert Jablon of The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"possible": {
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"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"radiolab": {
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"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
"tagline": "A new future for housing",
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"info": "",
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"tech-nation": {
"id": "tech-nation",
"title": "Tech Nation Radio Podcast",
"info": "Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.",
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"ted-radio-hour": {
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"title": "TED Radio Hour",
"info": "The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.",
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