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"slug": "food-insecurity-on-campus-how-snap-is-a-lifeline-for-many-students",
"title": "Food Insecurity on Campus: How SNAP is a 'Lifeline' for Many Students",
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"content": "\u003cp>Before she applied for food assistance through the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Santa Clara University student Kaylee Jensen remembers the anxiety she felt when thinking about how she was going to juggle paying for her rent with affording her next meal — all while studying miles from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a staff member from her college’s basic needs program helped her apply for CalFresh, California’s version of SNAP, Jensen said, “it was like ‘night and day’ difference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could eat so much better,” Jensen, now 20, said. As a supplementary program, CalFresh is “not something you can really rely on fully, but it honestly changed so much for me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when it came to finally being able to afford certain kinds of fresh food, CalFresh “really just unlocked a whole new level of eating for me,” Jensen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At SCU, a private college, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/college-mobility/santa-clara-university\">71% of students come from families in the top 20% of earners. \u003c/a>Jensen, a first-generation college student, said she told virtually no one that she was receiving benefits — including her friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063651\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students on campus at Santa Clara University on Nov. 10, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“SNAP or EBT is almost like a bad word,” she said. “It’s almost an embarrassing part of shame that you’re holding within you … Like, oh, ‘I’m trying to catch up to everyone else, but I can barely afford to live, let alone to eat.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Jensen is no longer using CalFresh, she was one of over \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/chart-detail?chartId=55416\">41 million people\u003c/a> nationwide who depend on SNAP to put food on the table — a group that’s seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060770/snap-calfresh-food-stamps-government-shutdown-november-payments-ebt\">their November benefits delayed\u003c/a> due to what is now the longest \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/government-shutdown\">federal government shutdown\u003c/a> in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even as \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/\">CalFresh recipients in the state have finally begun receiving this month’s benefits \u003c/a>after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/live/donald-trump-news-updates-11-6-2025#0000019a-5af9-d003-addb-deffec620000\">a federal judge’s ruling, and Congress discusses a deal to end the shutdown, President Donald Trump’s administration is now fighting the states in the courts to\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12063660/california-moves-to-protect-calfresh-payments-from-federal-confusion-and-chaos\"> “undo” this month’s SNAP money\u003c/a> — leaving recipients in even more confusion and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown delays have sharply highlighted just how many people in California — \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/\">around 5.5 million people\u003c/a> — rely on SNAP. But among the program’s seniors, families, single parents and veterans, college students like Jensen are a group that’s often overlooked when it comes to depending on CalFresh to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Hunger on campus\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Over 400,000 public university and college students participate in CalFresh statewide — a number that surprises people, according to Jennifer Hogg, a senior research manager at the California Policy Lab at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people don’t think of college students when they think of who is impacted by the SNAP shut off,” Hogg said. “But today’s college student is largely lower-income — potentially first-generation — and doesn’t have a ton of financial support from home.” And as \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2025/11/07/politics/fact-check-beef-grocery-prices-trump-vis\">groceries have become more and more expensive\u003c/a>, some colleges are also \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6520682/\">located in food deserts\u003c/a>, making it even harder to find fresh, substantial meals.[aside postID=news_12063660 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP.jpg']Jensen noted it’s common for college students to darkly joke among themselves about how little they’ve eaten that day, as they juggle studies and extracurriculars. But that could normalize the hunger, she said. According to \u003ca href=\"https://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/newsroom/blog/calfresh-college-students-food-insecurity\">a UCLA study\u003c/a> from earlier this year, half of the California college students surveyed said they experienced food insecurity, and 28% of respondents said they’d skipped a meal in the past because they couldn’t afford to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re having to deal with those things, it’s impossible to think about the larger academic responsibilities that you have,” Jensen said. “I couldn’t focus on anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://capolicylab.org/news/analysis-shows-govt-shutdown-could-lead-to-at-least-414000-college-students-not-receiving-their-nov-calfresh-benefits/\">California Policy Lab’s data\u003c/a> includes students from the 2022 to 2023 academic school year at California Community Colleges, the University of California and the California State University systems. The data does not include students like Jensen, who attend private schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the data, over 58,000 CalFresh recipients are within the University of California system, including Berkeley transfer student LisaMarie Fusco, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062685/eating-for-survival-with-november-snap-delays-how-will-bay-area-families-cope\">told KQED she was “broken-hearted” by the SNAP delays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m devastated,” she said. “People are really tired. We’re done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to juggling the demands of her academic studies with reduced access to school, “I’ll have to bite the bullet and maybe just continue writing and not think about food,” Fusco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The November delays in SNAP payments due to the government shutdown are keeping around $56 million from the hundreds of thousands of students on CalFresh this month, according to the California Policy Lab’s estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a huge amount of money that we’re talking about — that families and individuals across our state aren’t getting this month, and that isn’t going to support our economy,” Hogg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The view from community colleges\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the government shutdown stretched into October, some college administrators and experts began warning about a possible delay in benefits — and planning for the consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools like Chabot College were immediately “trying to brainstorm how to respond …. even before students were receiving letters from the county about their benefits being impacted,” explained Muna Taqi-Eddin, the college’s CalFresh Outreach Specialist.[aside postID=news_12062743 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251031-SFMARINFOODBANK-03-BL-KQED.jpg']College campuses quickly \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/csu-system/news/Pages/CSU-Steps-Up-to-Support-Students-Amid-CalFresh-Delays.aspx\">deployed resources\u003c/a> for students, including expanding existing food pantries on campus and distributing grocery gift cards and fresh food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some colleges have also made emergency grants available to affected students. Evergreen Valley College in San Jose secured $100,000 worth of emergency funding for 250 students, according to a college spokesperson. It’s money that the college hopes could help alleviate some pressures facing students, said Sean Dickerson, Evergreen Valley College’s Interim Director of Student Development, Engagement, & Inclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his role, Dickerson has encountered students who’ve told him they’ve been unable to focus and engage fully in their studies as they miss their November payments, ahead of their upcoming midterm exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just the increase of stress and anxiety,” he said — and students are wondering if they need to decide between “rent or gas or food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like all community colleges, Evergreen Valley is required to provide a \u003ca href=\"https://www.evc.edu/basic-needs\">basic needs program\u003c/a> to help provide resources regarding food, housing and transportation for their students, including those on CalFresh. According to the California Policy Lab, around 276,000 students attending a California community college use CalFresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such student on CalFresh is 61-year-old Salimah Shabazz of Chabot College. Shabazz — known to friends and family as Mrs. Mak — recalled walking into her school’s resource center in tears when learning of the delayed November benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I suffer from different health problems also. It was in limbo. I didn’t know what I was going to do,” she said. “Thank God for the student resource hub.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the shutdown, the Foundation for California Community Colleges \u003ca href=\"https://give.foundationccc.org/campaign/738630/donate\">launched a fundraising campaign\u003c/a> to assist students during the shutdown and beyond, and “to directly support our students regardless of what happens at the national level,” said Marisela Hernandez, a manager with the foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is that their financial aid is not enough to cover all of their living expenses in California,” Hernandez said. “Often our students are having to choose between going to class, or going to work, or being able to provide for their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Community organizations step up\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley student Fusco said she already relies on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyfoodnetwork.org/\">Berkeley Food Network\u003c/a>, which operates food pantries and deliveries in the region. And community resources have been a vital lifeline for many CalFresh recipients during an unprecedented moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061440/calfresh-snap-ebt-shutdown-find-food-banks-near-me-san-francisco-bay-area-alameda-oakland-contra-costa-newsom-national-guard#find-food-bank-near-me\">Food banks across the Bay Area\u003c/a> have prepared for the expected surges of people visiting their distribution sites, and local restaurants are providing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13982957/snap-calfresh-ebt-november-shutdown-meals-food-assistance-san-francisco-bay-area\">free or discounted meals\u003c/a> for impacted residents, with many focusing on families. And continuing a history of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nokidhungry.org/blog/black-activists-remember-radical-origins-food-justice-movement\">food justice in schools\u003c/a>, students themselves are collaborating to offer mutual aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063730\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063730\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: staff members of The Berkeley Student Food Collective, Yesenik Alfaro Puga, Emily Torres-Zepeda, Sadie Muller, Amory Marten and David Cho, at the co-op’s storefront in Berkeley on Nov. 10, 2025. The student-run grocery aims to provide healthy and low-cost food options to the campus community. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.foodcollective.org/\">Berkeley Student Food Collective\u003c/a> is a non-profit “student-governed grocery co-op” located next to the UC Berkeley campus, led by J. Noven, the organization’s executive director. For Noven, the shutdown has highlighted existing problems, from “widespread food insecurity” to a “hollowing out of benefits for students and young people” — but the CalFresh delays were an additional blow to students already struggling to make ends meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Already, we’ve seen a significant downturn in utilization of EBT at the storefront,” Noven said — from students with dwindling or zero CalFresh funds to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But despite Noven’s determination to help students and Berkeley residents at this time, the food collective still has its restrictions. A month into the shutdown, the U.S. Department of Agriculture told retailers — including grocery stores or corner stores — that providing discounts to EBT cardholders would be considered a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/ebt/retailer/retailer-notice/reminder-snap-equal-treatment\">“SNAP violation.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are one of a network of individual or independent grocery stores that really want to be stepping up to support communities that use SNAP, and our hands are being tied by the USDA,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How \u003cstrong>‘a lifeline’ can still be out of reach\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jensen, the Santa Clara University student, said she got off CalFresh a few months ago. But her experience led her to study food insecurity at her own institution’s basic needs office, learning more about the cost-of-living in one of the most expensive regions in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt very alone at this school, in my issues,” Jensen said — but in the course of her research, she said she realized, “‘Wow, there’s a lot of students who are dealing with this.’”[aside postID=news_12063395 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/calfresh-students.jpg']In \u003ca href=\"https://www.scu.edu/media/environmental-justice-initiative/2023-24-SCU-Food-Security-and-Basic-Needs-Report.pdf\">a survey of around 830 SCU students\u003c/a>, over a quarter reported “having very low or low food security in 2023.” “It should never be something that anyone’s ashamed of,” Jensen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/newsroom/blog/calfresh-college-students-food-insecurity\">the UCLA study\u003c/a>, student subpopulations that were most likely to report being food insecure were those who have been in the foster care system, first-generation students and disabled students — disparities that the study’s lead author said showed “food security is also a matter of educational equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her own studies, Jensen also delved deeper into systemic detriments of going without food as a student: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9370637/\">the lower GPAs\u003c/a>, the higher rates of anxiety and depression, the disproportionate impacts on first-generation students and people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for many students, even just getting onto CalFresh is an issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the UCLA study, over a quarter of food-insecure students who have heard of CalFresh but never used it said they did not know how to apply. Half of them said they hadn’t applied because \u003ca href=\"https://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/newsroom/blog/calfresh-college-students-food-insecurity\">they didn’t think they’d qualify\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in fact, many more students are eligible for CalFresh than are actually using it. According to Hogg’s UC Berkeley research, 1 in 3 UC undergrads qualify for SNAP benefits, as do 1 in 5 community college students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, according to 2019 data, “over a quarter of California high school students participated in CalFresh at some point during high school,” said Hogg. But those numbers then drop off after high school graduation — and a major factor is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/calfreshoutreach/res/toolkit/quickreference/regulationquickreference_e_students.pdf\">additional eligibility criteria\u003c/a> college students need to meet to stay on CalFresh, Hogg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063728\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063728\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pedestrians pass The Berkeley Student Food Collective on Bancroft Way in Berkeley on Nov. 10, 2025. The co-op, known for its focus on affordability and sustainability, displays local produce outside its storefront. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Students need to be either a parent, working for 20 hours a week or participating in work-study to keep receiving food benefits when they get to college. Some students may also lose eligibility for CalFresh if they live with their parents. Overall, “there’s a list of things that students have to do — above and beyond the general population — to be eligible for CalFresh,” Hogg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jensen said that thinking about the back-and-forth court battles still happening over SNAP, and what she called “food benefits being used as a political pawn,” she gets mad. Institutions — the government and colleges alike — need to provide for their students, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The UN has quite literally delegated \u003ca href=\"https://geneva.usmission.gov/2017/03/24/u-s-explanation-of-vote-on-the-right-to-food/\">food security as a human right\u003c/a>,” Jensen said. “And it’s a right that Americans aren’t getting … It’s genuinely a lifeline in an extremely unaffordable country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I need to use my voice to speak up for those who can’t, because I was able to not rely on SNAP anymore,” she added. “And that’s something I did hold a lot of pride in myself for — but I also held a lot of pride when I did use SNAP.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">Carly Severn\u003c/a> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Among California’s 5.5 million SNAP recipients, over 400,000 college students use CalFresh too — and they’re an often-overlooked group affected by the shutdown’s delay in benefits.\r\n",
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"title": "Food Insecurity on Campus: How SNAP is a 'Lifeline' for Many Students | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before she applied for food assistance through the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program, Santa Clara University student Kaylee Jensen remembers the anxiety she felt when thinking about how she was going to juggle paying for her rent with affording her next meal — all while studying miles from home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But when a staff member from her college’s basic needs program helped her apply for CalFresh, California’s version of SNAP, Jensen said, “it was like ‘night and day’ difference.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I could eat so much better,” Jensen, now 20, said. As a supplementary program, CalFresh is “not something you can really rely on fully, but it honestly changed so much for me,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And when it came to finally being able to afford certain kinds of fresh food, CalFresh “really just unlocked a whole new level of eating for me,” Jensen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At SCU, a private college, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/projects/college-mobility/santa-clara-university\">71% of students come from families in the top 20% of earners. \u003c/a>Jensen, a first-generation college student, said she told virtually no one that she was receiving benefits — including her friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063651\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063651\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/251110-COLLEGE-STUDENTS-CALFRESH-MD-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Students on campus at Santa Clara University on Nov. 10, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“SNAP or EBT is almost like a bad word,” she said. “It’s almost an embarrassing part of shame that you’re holding within you … Like, oh, ‘I’m trying to catch up to everyone else, but I can barely afford to live, let alone to eat.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Jensen is no longer using CalFresh, she was one of over \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/chart-detail?chartId=55416\">41 million people\u003c/a> nationwide who depend on SNAP to put food on the table — a group that’s seen \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060770/snap-calfresh-food-stamps-government-shutdown-november-payments-ebt\">their November benefits delayed\u003c/a> due to what is now the longest \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/government-shutdown\">federal government shutdown\u003c/a> in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And even as \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/\">CalFresh recipients in the state have finally begun receiving this month’s benefits \u003c/a>after \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/live/donald-trump-news-updates-11-6-2025#0000019a-5af9-d003-addb-deffec620000\">a federal judge’s ruling, and Congress discusses a deal to end the shutdown, President Donald Trump’s administration is now fighting the states in the courts to\u003c/a>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12063660/california-moves-to-protect-calfresh-payments-from-federal-confusion-and-chaos\"> “undo” this month’s SNAP money\u003c/a> — leaving recipients in even more confusion and anxiety.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown delays have sharply highlighted just how many people in California — \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/\">around 5.5 million people\u003c/a> — rely on SNAP. But among the program’s seniors, families, single parents and veterans, college students like Jensen are a group that’s often overlooked when it comes to depending on CalFresh to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Hunger on campus\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Over 400,000 public university and college students participate in CalFresh statewide — a number that surprises people, according to Jennifer Hogg, a senior research manager at the California Policy Lab at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many people don’t think of college students when they think of who is impacted by the SNAP shut off,” Hogg said. “But today’s college student is largely lower-income — potentially first-generation — and doesn’t have a ton of financial support from home.” And as \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2025/11/07/politics/fact-check-beef-grocery-prices-trump-vis\">groceries have become more and more expensive\u003c/a>, some colleges are also \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6520682/\">located in food deserts\u003c/a>, making it even harder to find fresh, substantial meals.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Jensen noted it’s common for college students to darkly joke among themselves about how little they’ve eaten that day, as they juggle studies and extracurriculars. But that could normalize the hunger, she said. According to \u003ca href=\"https://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/newsroom/blog/calfresh-college-students-food-insecurity\">a UCLA study\u003c/a> from earlier this year, half of the California college students surveyed said they experienced food insecurity, and 28% of respondents said they’d skipped a meal in the past because they couldn’t afford to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you’re having to deal with those things, it’s impossible to think about the larger academic responsibilities that you have,” Jensen said. “I couldn’t focus on anything else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://capolicylab.org/news/analysis-shows-govt-shutdown-could-lead-to-at-least-414000-college-students-not-receiving-their-nov-calfresh-benefits/\">California Policy Lab’s data\u003c/a> includes students from the 2022 to 2023 academic school year at California Community Colleges, the University of California and the California State University systems. The data does not include students like Jensen, who attend private schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the data, over 58,000 CalFresh recipients are within the University of California system, including Berkeley transfer student LisaMarie Fusco, who \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062685/eating-for-survival-with-november-snap-delays-how-will-bay-area-families-cope\">told KQED she was “broken-hearted” by the SNAP delays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m devastated,” she said. “People are really tired. We’re done.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to juggling the demands of her academic studies with reduced access to school, “I’ll have to bite the bullet and maybe just continue writing and not think about food,” Fusco said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The November delays in SNAP payments due to the government shutdown are keeping around $56 million from the hundreds of thousands of students on CalFresh this month, according to the California Policy Lab’s estimates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just a huge amount of money that we’re talking about — that families and individuals across our state aren’t getting this month, and that isn’t going to support our economy,” Hogg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The view from community colleges\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the government shutdown stretched into October, some college administrators and experts began warning about a possible delay in benefits — and planning for the consequences.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schools like Chabot College were immediately “trying to brainstorm how to respond …. even before students were receiving letters from the county about their benefits being impacted,” explained Muna Taqi-Eddin, the college’s CalFresh Outreach Specialist.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>College campuses quickly \u003ca href=\"https://www.calstate.edu/csu-system/news/Pages/CSU-Steps-Up-to-Support-Students-Amid-CalFresh-Delays.aspx\">deployed resources\u003c/a> for students, including expanding existing food pantries on campus and distributing grocery gift cards and fresh food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some colleges have also made emergency grants available to affected students. Evergreen Valley College in San Jose secured $100,000 worth of emergency funding for 250 students, according to a college spokesperson. It’s money that the college hopes could help alleviate some pressures facing students, said Sean Dickerson, Evergreen Valley College’s Interim Director of Student Development, Engagement, & Inclusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In his role, Dickerson has encountered students who’ve told him they’ve been unable to focus and engage fully in their studies as they miss their November payments, ahead of their upcoming midterm exams.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s just the increase of stress and anxiety,” he said — and students are wondering if they need to decide between “rent or gas or food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like all community colleges, Evergreen Valley is required to provide a \u003ca href=\"https://www.evc.edu/basic-needs\">basic needs program\u003c/a> to help provide resources regarding food, housing and transportation for their students, including those on CalFresh. According to the California Policy Lab, around 276,000 students attending a California community college use CalFresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One such student on CalFresh is 61-year-old Salimah Shabazz of Chabot College. Shabazz — known to friends and family as Mrs. Mak — recalled walking into her school’s resource center in tears when learning of the delayed November benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I suffer from different health problems also. It was in limbo. I didn’t know what I was going to do,” she said. “Thank God for the student resource hub.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the start of the shutdown, the Foundation for California Community Colleges \u003ca href=\"https://give.foundationccc.org/campaign/738630/donate\">launched a fundraising campaign\u003c/a> to assist students during the shutdown and beyond, and “to directly support our students regardless of what happens at the national level,” said Marisela Hernandez, a manager with the foundation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The reality is that their financial aid is not enough to cover all of their living expenses in California,” Hernandez said. “Often our students are having to choose between going to class, or going to work, or being able to provide for their families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Community organizations step up\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>UC Berkeley student Fusco said she already relies on the \u003ca href=\"https://www.berkeleyfoodnetwork.org/\">Berkeley Food Network\u003c/a>, which operates food pantries and deliveries in the region. And community resources have been a vital lifeline for many CalFresh recipients during an unprecedented moment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061440/calfresh-snap-ebt-shutdown-find-food-banks-near-me-san-francisco-bay-area-alameda-oakland-contra-costa-newsom-national-guard#find-food-bank-near-me\">Food banks across the Bay Area\u003c/a> have prepared for the expected surges of people visiting their distribution sites, and local restaurants are providing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13982957/snap-calfresh-ebt-november-shutdown-meals-food-assistance-san-francisco-bay-area\">free or discounted meals\u003c/a> for impacted residents, with many focusing on families. And continuing a history of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nokidhungry.org/blog/black-activists-remember-radical-origins-food-justice-movement\">food justice in schools\u003c/a>, students themselves are collaborating to offer mutual aid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063730\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063730\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-2_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left to right: staff members of The Berkeley Student Food Collective, Yesenik Alfaro Puga, Emily Torres-Zepeda, Sadie Muller, Amory Marten and David Cho, at the co-op’s storefront in Berkeley on Nov. 10, 2025. The student-run grocery aims to provide healthy and low-cost food options to the campus community. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.foodcollective.org/\">Berkeley Student Food Collective\u003c/a> is a non-profit “student-governed grocery co-op” located next to the UC Berkeley campus, led by J. Noven, the organization’s executive director. For Noven, the shutdown has highlighted existing problems, from “widespread food insecurity” to a “hollowing out of benefits for students and young people” — but the CalFresh delays were an additional blow to students already struggling to make ends meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Already, we’ve seen a significant downturn in utilization of EBT at the storefront,” Noven said — from students with dwindling or zero CalFresh funds to use.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But despite Noven’s determination to help students and Berkeley residents at this time, the food collective still has its restrictions. A month into the shutdown, the U.S. Department of Agriculture told retailers — including grocery stores or corner stores — that providing discounts to EBT cardholders would be considered a \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/ebt/retailer/retailer-notice/reminder-snap-equal-treatment\">“SNAP violation.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are one of a network of individual or independent grocery stores that really want to be stepping up to support communities that use SNAP, and our hands are being tied by the USDA,” they said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How \u003cstrong>‘a lifeline’ can still be out of reach\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Jensen, the Santa Clara University student, said she got off CalFresh a few months ago. But her experience led her to study food insecurity at her own institution’s basic needs office, learning more about the cost-of-living in one of the most expensive regions in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I felt very alone at this school, in my issues,” Jensen said — but in the course of her research, she said she realized, “‘Wow, there’s a lot of students who are dealing with this.’”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.scu.edu/media/environmental-justice-initiative/2023-24-SCU-Food-Security-and-Basic-Needs-Report.pdf\">a survey of around 830 SCU students\u003c/a>, over a quarter reported “having very low or low food security in 2023.” “It should never be something that anyone’s ashamed of,” Jensen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/newsroom/blog/calfresh-college-students-food-insecurity\">the UCLA study\u003c/a>, student subpopulations that were most likely to report being food insecure were those who have been in the foster care system, first-generation students and disabled students — disparities that the study’s lead author said showed “food security is also a matter of educational equity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her own studies, Jensen also delved deeper into systemic detriments of going without food as a student: \u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9370637/\">the lower GPAs\u003c/a>, the higher rates of anxiety and depression, the disproportionate impacts on first-generation students and people of color.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for many students, even just getting onto CalFresh is an issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the UCLA study, over a quarter of food-insecure students who have heard of CalFresh but never used it said they did not know how to apply. Half of them said they hadn’t applied because \u003ca href=\"https://healthpolicy.ucla.edu/newsroom/blog/calfresh-college-students-food-insecurity\">they didn’t think they’d qualify\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, in fact, many more students are eligible for CalFresh than are actually using it. According to Hogg’s UC Berkeley research, 1 in 3 UC undergrads qualify for SNAP benefits, as do 1 in 5 community college students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What’s more, according to 2019 data, “over a quarter of California high school students participated in CalFresh at some point during high school,” said Hogg. But those numbers then drop off after high school graduation — and a major factor is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdss.ca.gov/calfreshoutreach/res/toolkit/quickreference/regulationquickreference_e_students.pdf\">additional eligibility criteria\u003c/a> college students need to meet to stay on CalFresh, Hogg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063728\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063728\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/20251110_College_students_CalFresh_GH-4_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pedestrians pass The Berkeley Student Food Collective on Bancroft Way in Berkeley on Nov. 10, 2025. The co-op, known for its focus on affordability and sustainability, displays local produce outside its storefront. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Students need to be either a parent, working for 20 hours a week or participating in work-study to keep receiving food benefits when they get to college. Some students may also lose eligibility for CalFresh if they live with their parents. Overall, “there’s a list of things that students have to do — above and beyond the general population — to be eligible for CalFresh,” Hogg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jensen said that thinking about the back-and-forth court battles still happening over SNAP, and what she called “food benefits being used as a political pawn,” she gets mad. Institutions — the government and colleges alike — need to provide for their students, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The UN has quite literally delegated \u003ca href=\"https://geneva.usmission.gov/2017/03/24/u-s-explanation-of-vote-on-the-right-to-food/\">food security as a human right\u003c/a>,” Jensen said. “And it’s a right that Americans aren’t getting … It’s genuinely a lifeline in an extremely unaffordable country.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Now I need to use my voice to speak up for those who can’t, because I was able to not rely on SNAP anymore,” she added. “And that’s something I did hold a lot of pride in myself for — but I also held a lot of pride when I did use SNAP.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">Carly Severn\u003c/a> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Moves to Protect CalFresh Payments From Federal ‘Confusion and Chaos’",
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"content": "\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta on Monday morning announced moves to protect \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062743/shutdown-san-francisco-sf-cal-fresh-snap-november-grocery-card-ebt-meals-prepaid-debit-contra-costa\">food benefits\u003c/a> that California has paid out after the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/updated-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-november-benefit-issuance11-8\">called on states\u003c/a> over the weekend to halt and unwind payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filing for a temporary restraining order against the federal government, joined by \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/continuing-fight-full-november-snap-benefits-attorney-general-bonta-co-leads\">23 attorneys general\u003c/a> and three governors, comes as the USDA told states to “immediately undo any steps taken to issue full SNAP benefits for November 2025” during the longest federal government shutdown in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whiplash the president and USDA Secretary Brooke Rollins have given Americans in recent weeks, the steps they’ve taken to prevent vulnerable families from putting food on the table, are unnecessary, unconscionable and unlawful,” Bonta said. “We refuse to stand by and allow it to continue without a fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060770/snap-calfresh-food-stamps-government-shutdown-november-payments-ebt\">started in early October\u003c/a>, has led to delayed payments for people on the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and has, according to Bonta, sparked “confusion and chaos” that was “concocted by the Trump administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/chart-detail?chartId=55416\">41 million people\u003c/a> depend on SNAP, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/#:~:text=Earlier%20today%2C%20a%20court%20ordered,access%20the%20food%20they%20need.\">around 5.5 million\u003c/a> on California’s version, known as CalFresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Food benefits have been at the center of the clashes between courts, states and the administration. Last week, a federal judge ordered Trump’s administration to make a payment that would \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/judge-orders-trump-administration-fully-fund-snap-benefits/story?id=127273708\">fully fund\u003c/a> the month of November. The administration has already ignored a previous order to resume some payments and is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/06/us/politics/snap-food-stamps-shutdown-trump.html\">appealing this most recent decision\u003c/a> as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11939767\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11939767 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1322106041-scaled-e1762809304939.jpg\" alt=\"two hands hold a plastic card that reads 'golden state advantage'\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Berkeley resident holds his Golden State Advantage Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card. \u003ccite>(Lea Suzuki/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The court’s decision prompted states, including California, to \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/\">reinstate benefits \u003c/a>on people’s EBT cards. According to Bonta, “the vast majority” of Californians on CalFresh “have received full funding” — payments that the USDA is now attempting to claw back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/updated-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-november-benefit-issuance11-8\">the USDA on Saturday\u003c/a>, “failure to comply with this memorandum may result in USDA taking various actions, including cancellation of the Federal share of State administrative costs and holding States liable for any overissuances that result from the noncompliance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts is pausing this request, with \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/continuing-fight-full-november-snap-benefits-attorney-general-bonta-co-leads\">a hearing on the matter set for later Monday\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12062743 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251031-SFMARINFOODBANK-03-BL-KQED.jpg']“If any of that back and forth left you with whiplash, you are not alone,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, he later emphasized, “I want every SNAP beneficiary to know we are fighting for you tooth and nail to make sure that you can be fed. And that there will be no revocation or undoing of the benefits that you have loaded onto your cards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An end to the federal government shutdown is in sight. Eight Democratic senators \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/11/10/nx-s1-5604135/senate-shutdown-breakthrough-snap-legal-battle-cop30-climate-summit-starts\">broke rank to join Republicans\u003c/a> on Sunday in making a deal to reopen the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown in October was triggered primarily by Democrats trying to secure extended subsidies under the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, which supports \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/trump-takes-aim-obamacare-historic-federal-shutdown-hits-40th-day-2025-11-09/\">lower-income Americans’ access to health care\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current deal does not guarantee the extended subsidies but is based on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/11/09/nx-s1-5603659/government-shutdown-senate-agreement\">an informal agreement\u003c/a> that Republicans will vote to extend them in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They got a promise that they would bring up a bill. Well, what’s that? They’re gonna vote for it? Is he gonna sign it? What’s the promise? What’s a promise? Them is fighting words,” former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said Monday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12034002\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Alex Padilla speaks at a press briefing in San Francisco on June 1, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The eight Democrats have been criticized by fellow party members, including Gov. Gavin Newsom, who \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/govpressoffice/status/1987664398014677442?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">posted on social media\u003c/a>, saying, “Pathetic. This isn’t a deal. It’s a surrender. Don’t bend the knee!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s senators, Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff, said they will not be voting for the deal, highlighting their concerns about health care access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This does nothing to stop the Republican-made health care crisis. It does nothing to stop premiums from doubling for millions of Americans,” Padilla said, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article312852331.html\">the \u003cem>Sacramento Bee\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have heard from countless Californians who are at risk of losing their health insurance, and my position has been clear from the beginning: I would not support a government funding bill that did not fund health care tax credits,” Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">\u003cem>Carly Severn\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/shossaini\">\u003cem>Sara Hossaini\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Attorney General Rob Bonta on Monday morning announced moves to protect \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062743/shutdown-san-francisco-sf-cal-fresh-snap-november-grocery-card-ebt-meals-prepaid-debit-contra-costa\">food benefits\u003c/a> that California has paid out after the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/updated-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-november-benefit-issuance11-8\">called on states\u003c/a> over the weekend to halt and unwind payments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filing for a temporary restraining order against the federal government, joined by \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/continuing-fight-full-november-snap-benefits-attorney-general-bonta-co-leads\">23 attorneys general\u003c/a> and three governors, comes as the USDA told states to “immediately undo any steps taken to issue full SNAP benefits for November 2025” during the longest federal government shutdown in U.S. history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The whiplash the president and USDA Secretary Brooke Rollins have given Americans in recent weeks, the steps they’ve taken to prevent vulnerable families from putting food on the table, are unnecessary, unconscionable and unlawful,” Bonta said. “We refuse to stand by and allow it to continue without a fight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown, which \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060770/snap-calfresh-food-stamps-government-shutdown-november-payments-ebt\">started in early October\u003c/a>, has led to delayed payments for people on the federal Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program and has, according to Bonta, sparked “confusion and chaos” that was “concocted by the Trump administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over \u003ca href=\"https://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/chart-detail?chartId=55416\">41 million people\u003c/a> depend on SNAP, with \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/#:~:text=Earlier%20today%2C%20a%20court%20ordered,access%20the%20food%20they%20need.\">around 5.5 million\u003c/a> on California’s version, known as CalFresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Food benefits have been at the center of the clashes between courts, states and the administration. Last week, a federal judge ordered Trump’s administration to make a payment that would \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/US/judge-orders-trump-administration-fully-fund-snap-benefits/story?id=127273708\">fully fund\u003c/a> the month of November. The administration has already ignored a previous order to resume some payments and is \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/11/06/us/politics/snap-food-stamps-shutdown-trump.html\">appealing this most recent decision\u003c/a> as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11939767\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11939767 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/01/GettyImages-1322106041-scaled-e1762809304939.jpg\" alt=\"two hands hold a plastic card that reads 'golden state advantage'\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Berkeley resident holds his Golden State Advantage Electronic Benefit Transfer (EBT) card. \u003ccite>(Lea Suzuki/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The court’s decision prompted states, including California, to \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/11/06/californians-are-beginning-to-see-cash-on-their-snap-cards-following-major-win-against-the-trump-administration/\">reinstate benefits \u003c/a>on people’s EBT cards. According to Bonta, “the vast majority” of Californians on CalFresh “have received full funding” — payments that the USDA is now attempting to claw back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.fns.usda.gov/snap/updated-supplemental-nutrition-assistance-program-snap-november-benefit-issuance11-8\">the USDA on Saturday\u003c/a>, “failure to comply with this memorandum may result in USDA taking various actions, including cancellation of the Federal share of State administrative costs and holding States liable for any overissuances that result from the noncompliance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts is pausing this request, with \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/continuing-fight-full-november-snap-benefits-attorney-general-bonta-co-leads\">a hearing on the matter set for later Monday\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“If any of that back and forth left you with whiplash, you are not alone,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, he later emphasized, “I want every SNAP beneficiary to know we are fighting for you tooth and nail to make sure that you can be fed. And that there will be no revocation or undoing of the benefits that you have loaded onto your cards.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An end to the federal government shutdown is in sight. Eight Democratic senators \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/11/10/nx-s1-5604135/senate-shutdown-breakthrough-snap-legal-battle-cop30-climate-summit-starts\">broke rank to join Republicans\u003c/a> on Sunday in making a deal to reopen the government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shutdown in October was triggered primarily by Democrats trying to secure extended subsidies under the Affordable Care Act, also known as Obamacare, which supports \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/trump-takes-aim-obamacare-historic-federal-shutdown-hits-40th-day-2025-11-09/\">lower-income Americans’ access to health care\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The current deal does not guarantee the extended subsidies but is based on \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/11/09/nx-s1-5603659/government-shutdown-senate-agreement\">an informal agreement\u003c/a> that Republicans will vote to extend them in December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They got a promise that they would bring up a bill. Well, what’s that? They’re gonna vote for it? Is he gonna sign it? What’s the promise? What’s a promise? Them is fighting words,” former House Speaker Nancy Pelosi said Monday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12034002\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12034002\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/034_SanFrancisco_AlexPadillaMissionKids_06012021_qed-1-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sen. Alex Padilla speaks at a press briefing in San Francisco on June 1, 2021. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The eight Democrats have been criticized by fellow party members, including Gov. Gavin Newsom, who \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/govpressoffice/status/1987664398014677442?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">posted on social media\u003c/a>, saying, “Pathetic. This isn’t a deal. It’s a surrender. Don’t bend the knee!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s senators, Alex Padilla and Adam Schiff, said they will not be voting for the deal, highlighting their concerns about health care access.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This does nothing to stop the Republican-made health care crisis. It does nothing to stop premiums from doubling for millions of Americans,” Padilla said, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sacbee.com/news/politics-government/capitol-alert/article312852331.html\">the \u003cem>Sacramento Bee\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I have heard from countless Californians who are at risk of losing their health insurance, and my position has been clear from the beginning: I would not support a government funding bill that did not fund health care tax credits,” Schiff said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/carlysevern\">\u003cem>Carly Severn\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/shossaini\">\u003cem>Sara Hossaini\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The federal government filed two lawsuits Thursday against \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/southern-california-edison\">Southern California Edison\u003c/a>, alleging the utility’s equipment sparked fires including January’s Eaton Fire in the Los Angeles area, which destroyed more than 9,400 structures and killed 17 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lawsuits filed today allege a troubling pattern of negligence resulting in death, destruction, and tens of millions of federal taxpayer dollars spent to clean up one utility company’s mistakes,” U.S. Attorney Bill Essayli said at a news conference Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filings allege that Edison failed to properly maintain its power and transmission infrastructure in the area where the Eaton Fire ignited on Jan. 7. It asks for more than $40 million in damages to the federal, state and local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edison spokesperson Jeff Monford said the utility is reviewing the lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue our work to reduce the likelihood of our equipment starting a wildfire,” Monford said. “Southern California Edison is committed to wildfire mitigation through grid hardening, situational awareness and enhanced operational practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has stated it operates three transmission towers in the Eaton Canyon area overlooking the unincorporated area of Altadena, which was ravaged by the fire. In early reports to the California Public Utility Commission, Edison has said it detected a “fault” on one of its transmission lines around the time that the Eaton Fire started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021876\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12021876 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Southern California Edison workers service a utility pole in the aftermath of the Eaton Fire on Jan. 12, 2025, in Altadena, California. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a July 31 report to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the utility said while it has “not conclusively determined” its equipment was responsible for the fire, there was “concerning circumstantial evidence” that suggests its transmission facilities in the area could have been associated with the starting of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also said it was “not aware of evidence pointing to another possible source of ignition,” according to the report cited in the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the investigation into the fire is still ongoing, Essayli said the government is confident moving forward with the lawsuit, especially with fire season quickly approaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no reason to wait,” Essayli said. “We believe that the evidence is clear that Edison is at fault, and by their own admissions, no one else is at fault.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID=science_1998021 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/08/240109-CAWindStorm-069_qed.jpg']\u003c/span>A second lawsuit filed Thursday alleges that Edison’s negligence led to the sparking of the Fairview Fire in September 2022, which scorched the San Bernardino National Forest in Riverside County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the filing, a sagging power line in Hemet, California, operated by Edison came into contact with a Frontier Communications messenger cable, which created sparks and ignited the vegetation below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That fire burned more than 21 square miles of forest, killing two people and destroying 44 structures. The government is seeking $37 million in damages incurred by the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essayli said he will seek terms that prevent Edison from paying for the lawsuits by raising their utility rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several Altadena residents who lost their homes sued Edison in January, days after the fire broke out. Their attorneys said at the time they believed Edison’s equipment caused it, pointing to video taken during the fire’s early minutes that showed a large blaze directly beneath electrical towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County sued Edison in March, seeking hundreds of millions of dollars for costs and damages sustained from the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The federal government filed two lawsuits Thursday against \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/southern-california-edison\">Southern California Edison\u003c/a>, alleging the utility’s equipment sparked fires including January’s Eaton Fire in the Los Angeles area, which destroyed more than 9,400 structures and killed 17 people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lawsuits filed today allege a troubling pattern of negligence resulting in death, destruction, and tens of millions of federal taxpayer dollars spent to clean up one utility company’s mistakes,” U.S. Attorney Bill Essayli said at a news conference Thursday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The filings allege that Edison failed to properly maintain its power and transmission infrastructure in the area where the Eaton Fire ignited on Jan. 7. It asks for more than $40 million in damages to the federal, state and local governments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Edison spokesperson Jeff Monford said the utility is reviewing the lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We continue our work to reduce the likelihood of our equipment starting a wildfire,” Monford said. “Southern California Edison is committed to wildfire mitigation through grid hardening, situational awareness and enhanced operational practices.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company has stated it operates three transmission towers in the Eaton Canyon area overlooking the unincorporated area of Altadena, which was ravaged by the fire. In early reports to the California Public Utility Commission, Edison has said it detected a “fault” on one of its transmission lines around the time that the Eaton Fire started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12021876\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12021876 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/SCELawsuitAP-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Southern California Edison workers service a utility pole in the aftermath of the Eaton Fire on Jan. 12, 2025, in Altadena, California. \u003ccite>(Ethan Swope/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a July 31 report to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, the utility said while it has “not conclusively determined” its equipment was responsible for the fire, there was “concerning circumstantial evidence” that suggests its transmission facilities in the area could have been associated with the starting of the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also said it was “not aware of evidence pointing to another possible source of ignition,” according to the report cited in the lawsuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the investigation into the fire is still ongoing, Essayli said the government is confident moving forward with the lawsuit, especially with fire season quickly approaching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no reason to wait,” Essayli said. “We believe that the evidence is clear that Edison is at fault, and by their own admissions, no one else is at fault.”\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>A second lawsuit filed Thursday alleges that Edison’s negligence led to the sparking of the Fairview Fire in September 2022, which scorched the San Bernardino National Forest in Riverside County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the filing, a sagging power line in Hemet, California, operated by Edison came into contact with a Frontier Communications messenger cable, which created sparks and ignited the vegetation below.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That fire burned more than 21 square miles of forest, killing two people and destroying 44 structures. The government is seeking $37 million in damages incurred by the U.S. Forest Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Essayli said he will seek terms that prevent Edison from paying for the lawsuits by raising their utility rates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several Altadena residents who lost their homes sued Edison in January, days after the fire broke out. Their attorneys said at the time they believed Edison’s equipment caused it, pointing to video taken during the fire’s early minutes that showed a large blaze directly beneath electrical towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Los Angeles County sued Edison in March, seeking hundreds of millions of dollars for costs and damages sustained from the blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "bonus-a-big-win-for-the-internet-archive",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who decides what is and isn’t a library? The Internet Archive now has federal depository status, joining a network of over 1,100 libraries that archive government documents and make them accessible to the public — even as ongoing legal challenges pose an existential threat to the organization. Some of the organization’s critics even argue that the Internet Archive is not a library at all. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this special update to our \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031980/what-happens-if-the-internet-archive-goes-dark\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">deep dive on the Internet Archive\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, we get into what this designation \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">really\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> means. Morgan talks to Internet Archive founder Brewster Kahle about what federal depository libraries do, whether this affects the Internet Archive’s copyright lawsuit, and why preserving information is more important than ever. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6692973930\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://blog.archive.org/author/brewster/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Brewster Kahle\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, founder and digital librarian of The Internet Archive\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Further reading: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12049420/sf-based-internet-archive-is-now-a-federal-depository-library-what-does-that-mean\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SF-Based Internet Archive Is Now a Federal Depository Library. What Does That Mean?\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — Morgan Sung, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031980/what-happens-if-the-internet-archive-goes-dark\">What Happens if the Internet Archive Goes Dark?\u003c/a> — Close All Tabs\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Want to give us feedback on the show? Shoot us an email at \u003ca href=\"mailto:CloseAllTabs@KQED.org\">CloseAllTabs@KQED.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/closealltabspod/\">Follow us on Instagram\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Don’t worry, you’re still in the right podcast, even though it’s not Wednesday. This is, in fact, Close All Tabs, and we’re here with a very special bonus episode. This is an update on the Internet Archive, which, if you scroll way, way back, we talked about in one of the first episodes of this show. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back in March, we went on a deep dive to try to answer this question. What happens if the Internet Archive goes dark? The Internet Archive faces a copyright lawsuit that threatens to shut it down. In a previous lawsuit, publishers argued that the Internet Archive isn’t a library. But, as of last week, thanks to a designation from California Senator Alex Padilla, the Internet archive is now a federal depository library. We’ll get into what that means. But what counts as a library online? Who decides what is and isn’t a library? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Let’s talk about what a federal depository library does, because when I reported on this for KQED, a lot of people on Instagram seemed to be confused. Some thought that by becoming a federal depository library, the Internet Archive would suddenly be under the control of the government. That is not at all the case. So to clear things up, I talked to the Internet Archive’s founder, Brewster Kahle, about what this designation really means. First question, what is a federal depository library? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the United States, the Federal Depository Library Program is a program administered by the Government Printing Office to ensure that all Americans have public access to government information. In the old days, it used to mean that they would get the publications from the Government Printing Office, which are the works of government, and then those would go to a large number of physical libraries that would be accessible to people. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then as things changed to CDs and DVDs, microfilm and microfiche, then all of these libraries adapted and upgraded to these new formats. And now more and more the materials are coming in digitally. So these are then preserved on thousands of locations around the United States so that they’re close at hand to people and then served by librarians to help people find the right information within it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Government Printing Office established the Federal Library Depository Program in 1813, and now there are over 1,000 libraries in this network. The idea is to keep public government documents accessible. These can include books, maps, environmental reports, health studies, congressional records, newspapers — you get the idea. It does not mean the government has a say in what participating libraries do. It just means that libraries get to hold this information and share it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it’s millions and millions of pages. It usually takes up maybe a whole floor of public libraries to go and store and make this available. And it has been available in things like microfiche and microfilm, which are great that they’re able to be copied so easily, but they’re not easy to access. And the idea of bringing all these materials digital and making them available digitally so that they can be woven into Wikipedia, they can be easily available in the middle of the night. You don’t have to go and travel to your local library to be able to get to it, to go in and put copies of these digital materials in those other federal depository libraries. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Libraries don’t always have the resources to sift through all these documents, digitize them, and host them online. Since they’re part of this program now, the Internet Archive can help the other libraries with all of that, which they’ve already been doing anyway. This designation just means it more convenient to work with those member libraries.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This step is a evolution of this program of democracies library of taking all of the works of democracies and making them permanently available online. By being part of the program itself, it just gets us closer to the source of where the materials are coming from so that it’s more reliably delivered to the Internet Archive to then be made available to the patrons of the Internet Archive or partner libraries that want to get things from us. The whole internet ecosystem gets stronger as digital learners get more access to general materials, but now closer access into the government materials. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This seems like the first truly digital library to be included in the federal depository program. Do you think this signals a change in the way the government is thinking about libraries? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I think all libraries are going digital, but because the Internet Archive was founded in 1996, as sort of part of the whole digital wave, um, the Internet archive is largely available digitally. And so I think it’s just a normal evolution of libraries. We’re just only 30 years old, so are really born during the digital era. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When it comes to copyright lawsuits, it’s unclear whether being part of this program will bolster the Internet Archive’s defense. But Brewster said this designation doesn’t change anything about how the Internet Archive operates. Because the United States government doesn’t copyright these documents, they can be digitized, archived, and shared among member libraries without any issues. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And so they can be free flowing and be woven into the fabric of our knowledge ecosystem if they’re in digital form. So as we bring these things digital, other libraries can host on it, other services can be built on it, um, and they can freely available when often these things are only available through very expensive commercial products. So this kind of change of adapting to the digital era. It’s just a natural step that we libraries are all going through. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So what about the critics who say that the internet archive isn’t a library and doesn’t have the right to digitize archive and share information, copyrighted or not? Here’s what Brewster said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Internet Archive has always lived by the ethics and the role of a library in our society. So I don’t know that this program is going to particularly change anybody’s perceptions, but I think it is just fulfilling the library role that we’ve always held. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, still a library, that’s the ending closing thought. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Internet Archive is a library that does interlibrary loan and physical access and digital access, just like all the other libraries out there. Towards the fantasticness of the vastness of what’s going on online in October, the Internet Archive will hit a milestone of one trillion web pages. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wow.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle\u003c/b>\u003cb>:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And that one trillion will — is not just a testament to, you know, what libraries are able to do but actually the sharing that people and governments have to try to create an educated populace and share knowledge widely and I think there’s uh — we should be celebrating what it is that’s going on in the broader internet towards sharing and creating materials that we’re all learning from and we’re very happy to be part of the federal depository library program. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks so much for joining us, Brewster. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thank you, Morgan. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s our update. We’ll be back Wednesday. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Close All Tabs is a production of KQED Studios, and is reported and hosted by me, Morgan Sung. Our producer is Maya Cueva. Chris Egusa is our Senior Editor. Jen Chien is KQED’s Director of Podcasts and helps edit the show.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Original music, including our theme song by Chris Egusa. Sound design by Chris Egusa. Additional music by APM. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Audience engagement support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger is our Podcast Operations Manager and Ethan Toven-Lindsey is our Editor in Chief.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Support for this program comes from Birong Hu and supporters of the KQED Studios Fund. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you have feedback, or a topic you think we should cover, hit us up at CloseAllTabs@kqed.org. Follow us on instagram at “close all tabs pod.” Or drop it on Discord — we’re in the Close All Tabs channel at discord.gg/KQED. And if you’re enjoying the show, give us a rating on Apple podcasts or whatever platform you use.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks for listening! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Who decides what is and isn’t a library? The Internet Archive now has federal depository status, joining a network of over 1,100 libraries that archive government documents and make them accessible to the public — even as ongoing legal challenges pose an existential threat to the organization. Some of the organization’s critics even argue that the Internet Archive is not a library at all. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In this special update to our \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031980/what-happens-if-the-internet-archive-goes-dark\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">deep dive on the Internet Archive\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, we get into what this designation \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">really\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> means. Morgan talks to Internet Archive founder Brewster Kahle about what federal depository libraries do, whether this affects the Internet Archive’s copyright lawsuit, and why preserving information is more important than ever. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm/?e=KQINC6692973930\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Guests: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://blog.archive.org/author/brewster/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Brewster Kahle\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, founder and digital librarian of The Internet Archive\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Further reading: \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12049420/sf-based-internet-archive-is-now-a-federal-depository-library-what-does-that-mean\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">SF-Based Internet Archive Is Now a Federal Depository Library. What Does That Mean?\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> — Morgan Sung, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">KQED\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12031980/what-happens-if-the-internet-archive-goes-dark\">What Happens if the Internet Archive Goes Dark?\u003c/a> — Close All Tabs\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Want to give us feedback on the show? Shoot us an email at \u003ca href=\"mailto:CloseAllTabs@KQED.org\">CloseAllTabs@KQED.org\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/closealltabspod/\">Follow us on Instagram\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode Transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ci data-stringify-type=\"italic\">This is a computer-generated transcript. While our team has reviewed it, there may be errors.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Don’t worry, you’re still in the right podcast, even though it’s not Wednesday. This is, in fact, Close All Tabs, and we’re here with a very special bonus episode. This is an update on the Internet Archive, which, if you scroll way, way back, we talked about in one of the first episodes of this show. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Back in March, we went on a deep dive to try to answer this question. What happens if the Internet Archive goes dark? The Internet Archive faces a copyright lawsuit that threatens to shut it down. In a previous lawsuit, publishers argued that the Internet Archive isn’t a library. But, as of last week, thanks to a designation from California Senator Alex Padilla, the Internet archive is now a federal depository library. We’ll get into what that means. But what counts as a library online? Who decides what is and isn’t a library? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Let’s talk about what a federal depository library does, because when I reported on this for KQED, a lot of people on Instagram seemed to be confused. Some thought that by becoming a federal depository library, the Internet Archive would suddenly be under the control of the government. That is not at all the case. So to clear things up, I talked to the Internet Archive’s founder, Brewster Kahle, about what this designation really means. First question, what is a federal depository library? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">In the United States, the Federal Depository Library Program is a program administered by the Government Printing Office to ensure that all Americans have public access to government information. In the old days, it used to mean that they would get the publications from the Government Printing Office, which are the works of government, and then those would go to a large number of physical libraries that would be accessible to people. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Then as things changed to CDs and DVDs, microfilm and microfiche, then all of these libraries adapted and upgraded to these new formats. And now more and more the materials are coming in digitally. So these are then preserved on thousands of locations around the United States so that they’re close at hand to people and then served by librarians to help people find the right information within it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Government Printing Office established the Federal Library Depository Program in 1813, and now there are over 1,000 libraries in this network. The idea is to keep public government documents accessible. These can include books, maps, environmental reports, health studies, congressional records, newspapers — you get the idea. It does not mean the government has a say in what participating libraries do. It just means that libraries get to hold this information and share it. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And it’s millions and millions of pages. It usually takes up maybe a whole floor of public libraries to go and store and make this available. And it has been available in things like microfiche and microfilm, which are great that they’re able to be copied so easily, but they’re not easy to access. And the idea of bringing all these materials digital and making them available digitally so that they can be woven into Wikipedia, they can be easily available in the middle of the night. You don’t have to go and travel to your local library to be able to get to it, to go in and put copies of these digital materials in those other federal depository libraries. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Libraries don’t always have the resources to sift through all these documents, digitize them, and host them online. Since they’re part of this program now, the Internet Archive can help the other libraries with all of that, which they’ve already been doing anyway. This designation just means it more convenient to work with those member libraries.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This step is a evolution of this program of democracies library of taking all of the works of democracies and making them permanently available online. By being part of the program itself, it just gets us closer to the source of where the materials are coming from so that it’s more reliably delivered to the Internet Archive to then be made available to the patrons of the Internet Archive or partner libraries that want to get things from us. The whole internet ecosystem gets stronger as digital learners get more access to general materials, but now closer access into the government materials. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This seems like the first truly digital library to be included in the federal depository program. Do you think this signals a change in the way the government is thinking about libraries? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">I think all libraries are going digital, but because the Internet Archive was founded in 1996, as sort of part of the whole digital wave, um, the Internet archive is largely available digitally. And so I think it’s just a normal evolution of libraries. We’re just only 30 years old, so are really born during the digital era. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">When it comes to copyright lawsuits, it’s unclear whether being part of this program will bolster the Internet Archive’s defense. But Brewster said this designation doesn’t change anything about how the Internet Archive operates. Because the United States government doesn’t copyright these documents, they can be digitized, archived, and shared among member libraries without any issues. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">And so they can be free flowing and be woven into the fabric of our knowledge ecosystem if they’re in digital form. So as we bring these things digital, other libraries can host on it, other services can be built on it, um, and they can freely available when often these things are only available through very expensive commercial products. So this kind of change of adapting to the digital era. It’s just a natural step that we libraries are all going through. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So what about the critics who say that the internet archive isn’t a library and doesn’t have the right to digitize archive and share information, copyrighted or not? Here’s what Brewster said. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Internet Archive has always lived by the ethics and the role of a library in our society. So I don’t know that this program is going to particularly change anybody’s perceptions, but I think it is just fulfilling the library role that we’ve always held. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">So, still a library, that’s the ending closing thought. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Internet Archive is a library that does interlibrary loan and physical access and digital access, just like all the other libraries out there. Towards the fantasticness of the vastness of what’s going on online in October, the Internet Archive will hit a milestone of one trillion web pages. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Wow.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle\u003c/b>\u003cb>:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> And that one trillion will — is not just a testament to, you know, what libraries are able to do but actually the sharing that people and governments have to try to create an educated populace and share knowledge widely and I think there’s uh — we should be celebrating what it is that’s going on in the broader internet towards sharing and creating materials that we’re all learning from and we’re very happy to be part of the federal depository library program. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks so much for joining us, Brewster. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Brewster Kahle:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thank you, Morgan. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Morgan Sung:\u003c/b> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">That’s our update. We’ll be back Wednesday. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Close All Tabs is a production of KQED Studios, and is reported and hosted by me, Morgan Sung. Our producer is Maya Cueva. Chris Egusa is our Senior Editor. Jen Chien is KQED’s Director of Podcasts and helps edit the show.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Original music, including our theme song by Chris Egusa. Sound design by Chris Egusa. Additional music by APM. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Audience engagement support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger is our Podcast Operations Manager and Ethan Toven-Lindsey is our Editor in Chief.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Support for this program comes from Birong Hu and supporters of the KQED Studios Fund. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by The Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists. San Francisco Northern California Local.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">If you have feedback, or a topic you think we should cover, hit us up at CloseAllTabs@kqed.org. Follow us on instagram at “close all tabs pod.” Or drop it on Discord — we’re in the Close All Tabs channel at discord.gg/KQED. And if you’re enjoying the show, give us a rating on Apple podcasts or whatever platform you use.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Thanks for listening! \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Behind the Masks: Who Are the People Rounding Up Immigrants in California?",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They appeared in plain clothes outside a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/immigration-raids-san-diego-hotels-tourism/3859339/\">San Diego\u003c/a> hotel, wore camouflage as they \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/07/worksite-immigration-raids/\">raided a Los Angeles factory\u003c/a> and arrived with military gear at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-07-10/federal-immigration-sweep-ventura-county-farms\">Ventura County farm\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The presence of thousands of hard-to-identify federal agents is a new fact of life in Southern California this summer as the Trump administration carries out the president’s promised deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many residents may assume these masked agents are officers from Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). But that’s not always the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of them belong to the Border Patrol, the agency that traditionally has policed the nation’s border with Mexico. But the Trump administration sent officers from other agencies to Los Angeles, too, including the FBI and special tactical teams from the Department of Homeland Security not widely seen until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats in California’s Legislature have proposed measures to unmask the federal agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Bill 627, the “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb627\">No Secret Police Act\u003c/a>,” seeks to prohibit all local, state and federal officers from using masks with some exceptions. SB 805, the “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb805\">No Vigilantes Act\u003c/a>,” would require that officers clearly display their name or badge number. It’s disputed whether the state can regulate federal officers and law enforcement agencies are lobbying against the proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal regulations \u003ca href=\"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-8/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-287/section-287.8#p-287.8(c)\">state\u003c/a> that ICE and Border Patrol agents should identify themselves when arresting someone “as soon as it is practical and safe to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the public is allowed to ask federal agents to identify themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12047506 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250609-SEIUProtests-07-BL_qed.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But David Levine, a professor at UC Law San Francisco said, “they can ask but it doesn’t mean they’ll get the information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of sweeps and detentions appeared to slow this week after a federal judge issued a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/07/la-immigration-restraining-order/\">temporary restraining order\u003c/a>, finding that agents stopped people based on someone’s race, language, accent, presence at a specific location or job. For ensuing stops, agents must have “reasonable suspicion” that doesn’t consider those factors “alone or in combination,” according to the judge’s order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While ICE is a different agency than Border Patrol, both are part of the Department of Homeland Security and carry out immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference may not always matter much, but misidentifying an agency can confuse the public, as it did with the sighting of \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-06-19/dhs-agents-at-dodger-stadium-area\">federal agents\u003c/a> outside Dodger Stadium in June. The agents reportedly had no visible names or badges and attempted to enter the stadium’s parking lots. The Dodgers put out a statement that “ICE agents” had been denied entry to the stadium. ICE denied it was ever there; the Department of Homeland Security then clarified that it had been Customs and Border Protection agents at the venue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Images on social media show a constellation of federal agencies supporting immigration sweeps in Southern California. Here’s how you can identify them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Border Patrol far from the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/070725_ILLO_Operation-Excalibur-MacArthur-Park_Hendricks_CM_14-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Three heavily armed U.S. Border Patrol agents in tactical gear stand outside in a city setting with palm trees and buildings in the background. All are wearing helmets, face coverings, and body armor. A zoomed-in inset highlights a round shoulder patch with yellow text reading “U.S. Border Patrol” over a blue map of the United States. The photo is black and white, except for the yellow and blue colors of the patch in the inset.\">\u003cfigcaption>Federal agents descend on MacArthur Park in Los Angeles on July 7, 2025. \u003cem>J.W. Hendricks for CalMatters\u003c/em>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Border Patrol agents often wear green uniforms and “Border Patrol” and “U.S. Customs and Border Protection” might be labeled on their badge, vest, shoulder, back, bucket hat or cap, and usually in yellow text over blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their marked vehicles tend to be white with a green slash, reading “Border Patrol” on the side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some might confuse Border Patrol with Customs and Border Protection officers. Those officials wear blue and usually stay stationed at ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may be wondering why Border Patrol agents are conducting immigration operations deep into Los Angeles neighborhoods, rather than staying closer to the border.[aside postID=news_12047018 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/IMG_1067-2000x1500.jpg']Border Patrol agents can search vehicles without a warrant throughout much of the country. They’re allowed to operate 100 miles from any edge of the country and coastline, reaching roughly two-thirds of the U.S. population, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/04/border-patrol-records-kern-county/\">CalMatters investigation\u003c/a> and documentary produced in partnership with Evident and Bellingcat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since its \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/along-us-borders/overview\">creation\u003c/a> by Congress in 1924, the Border Patrol’s role has been to prevent unauthorized entry into the United States. The agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/along-us-borders\">polices\u003c/a> trade, narcotics, contraband and combats human trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has a SWAT-like unit known as BORTAC, or Border Patrol Tactical Unit, which has also been documented in immigrant hubs such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/mel_buer_/p/DL0bj-LBOyT/?img_index=1\">MacArthur Park\u003c/a>, Los Angeles’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DLlaVtDS-2N/\">Toy District\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/story/2025-06-20/photos-federal-raid-in-bell-met-with-protests\">Bell\u003c/a>. Border Patrol sources describe the unit’s use for “high-risk” purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fatigues, the unit wears a “BORTAC” patch on the left shoulder with, at times, black undershirts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection also \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/federal-agents-execute-search-warrant-in-north-hills-neighborhood/3734363/\">deployed\u003c/a> its tactical Special Response Team in Los Angeles’ North Hills late June, executing a federal search warrant at a “human smuggling hub” tied to national security threats, arresting two, according to the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>ICE in police vests\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE agents might wear an “ICE” patch on the front or back of their vest, usually in black-and-white, though they also can carry a badge of the same design in gold. The ICE emblem features the U.S. Department of Homeland Security eagle \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/department-homeland-security-seal\">seal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE agents might display “police” on their uniform. The ACLU wants ICE to stop using the word “police” on uniforms, contending the agency is impersonating local law enforcement officers\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 9/11, the Bush administration created the Department of Homeland Security, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement within it shortly thereafter. ICE is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/history\">tasked\u003c/a> with enforcing trade and immigration laws, including within the interior of the country.[aside postID=news_12047397 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/07/immigration-protest-1020x680.jpeg']The Cato Institute \u003ca href=\"https://www.cato.org/blog/65-people-taken-ice-had-no-convictions-93-no-violent-convictions\">found\u003c/a> that ICE booked over 200,000 people into detention between October 1 and June 14. More than 93% of book-ins had no violent conviction and 65% had no criminal conviction whatsoever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE itself has a few enforcement divisions. That’s why some ICE uniforms might read \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/ero\">ERO \u003c/a>— part of their “Enforcement and Removal Operations” team — or \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/hsi\">HSI\u003c/a> for “Homeland Security Investigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, ICE launched a rebrand and created the investigations unit to develop cases, and improve public outreach, including with local law enforcement, an \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/homeland-security-agency-ice-rebrands-aid-investigations/story?id=109510154\">HSI official told\u003c/a> ABC News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to its \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice\">website\u003c/a>, HSI combats a broad array of transnational-related crime, ranging from narcotics smuggling to cybercrime, and from human trafficking to intellectual property theft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/ero\">ERO\u003c/a> meanwhile manages all aspects of the typical immigration enforcement process: identifying, arresting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/statistics\">GPS monitoring\u003c/a>, and deporting unauthorized immigrants. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/mission\">Their site description \u003c/a>also says they seek to deport priority undocumented immigrants after they are released from U.S. jails and prisons. They can also assist multi-agency task forces in arresting unauthorized immigrants without any other criminal history who are “deemed a threat to public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE also deployed its Special Response Team (SRT), decked in military wear and weaponry, in San Diego late May. It sent a dozen or more of those officers to the \u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/06/vendor-safety-santa-fe-springs-swap-meet-raid/\">Santa Fe Springs Swap Meet\u003c/a> near southeast Los Angeles in June, detaining two people for deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents from those teams will often feature their logo on the shoulder and will be seen in heavy military-like uniforms. The teams are meant to engage “high risk” situations, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/hsi/news/hsi-insider/strategic-safety-operations\">ICE\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rare National Guard deployment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>National Guard troops had been most visible outside a federal building during protests in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/06/la-immigration-protests-photo-essay/\">downtown Los Angeles\u003c/a>, but have also accompanied a few immigration enforcement operations. In \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DEALOSANGELES/status/1935558820014809383\">mid-June\u003c/a>, National Guard soldiers accompanied federal agents raiding marijuana farms around Thermal, a desert town near Coachella, where about \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DEALOSANGELES/status/1935559162144141669\">70 undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> were arrested, according to the Drug Enforcement Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 7, about 90 California National Guard soldiers swept through the Los Angeles immigrant hub of MacArthur Park, a defense official said, to protect immigration agents from potentially hostile crowds, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-immigration-raid-troops-military-2d81f5c35f9d11db9e32234e03480497\">according to the Associated Press\u003c/a>. They also were on site in \u003ca href=\"https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9177508/soldiers-support-federal-operation-southern-california\">Carpinteria\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Guard troops in L.A. wear Army uniforms. Soldiers in the state units have patches on their left shoulder that show a \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/army/comments/rc5ctq/found_this_unit_patch_online_can_anyone_tell_me/\">raven\u003c/a>, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9131019/california-national-guard-soldiers-support-federal-security-mission-los-angeles\">sunburst\u003c/a>, or a \u003ca href=\"http://www.uniforms-4u.com/p-49th-military-police-mp-brigade-acu-military-patch-4901.aspx\">sunburst\u003c/a> on top a diamond, each in black and green color schemes. Troops will also have a full color \u003ca href=\"https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9111385/california-national-guard-soldiers-provide-protection-federal-law-enforcement-federal-operation\">U.S. flag\u003c/a> on the right shoulder. The patch under that, if any, can vary and may be based on a soldier’s past deployments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the U.S. military, the National Guard is able to serve both domestically and globally for state and federal duties, assisting with natural disasters, border security, civil unrest, overseas combat, counter-drug efforts and more. Soldiers largely stay in their home state and can be called on by the state governor or president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom opposed President Trump’s decision to send the troops to Los Angeles, and the assignment marked the first time that a president has deployed the National Guard \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/06/national-guard-los-angeles-legal/\">over the objections of a governor\u003c/a> since the Civil Rights era.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More federal law enforcement officers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In January, a Homeland Security memo called for Justice Department agents to carry out immigration enforcement, according to \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/dhs-allows-us-marshals-dea-atf-carry-immigration/story?id=118022307\">ABC News\u003c/a>. Deputized bureaus include the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), the U.S. Marshals Service, the Federal Bureau of Prisons receiving the “same authority already granted to the FBI.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers’ affiliations can be seen on their vests, jackets, or at times, their shoulder patches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents wearing FBI fatigues were most visible in the worksite sweep at Ambiance Apparel in L.A.’s Fashion District, arguably the first major operation of the current wave of raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 10, FBI Los Angeles’ X account \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/FBILosAngeles/status/1932573649585787303\">touted\u003c/a> its collaboration with an ICE operation in Ventura County. They have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.fox10tv.com/2025/06/26/hsi-fbi-speak-illegal-immigration-raid-gulf-shores-high-school/\">participated\u003c/a> in other immigration raids across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson with the Justice Department declined to comment on how it deployed agents from various agencies. In early June, the FBI \u003ca href=\"https://ktla.com/news/local-news/federal-agents-raid-home-depot-in-westlake-district/\">told\u003c/a> KTLA that it is participating in immigration enforcement in Los Angeles and nationwide “as directed by the Attorney General,” supporting with SWAT, intelligence and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ATF was also seen at the Ambiance Apparel raid. The DEA was there, too, and has since \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DEALOSANGELES/status/1932898021626556425/photo/1\">collaborated\u003c/a> with ICE in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On X, U.S. Marshals \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/USMSLosAngeles/status/1935684366589415896/photo/1\">touted\u003c/a> themselves as “on the front lines of immigration enforcement” in Los Angeles while showing officers interviewing a man on a bike. Marshals were also on \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/USMSLosAngeles/status/1943918200799772806/photo/1\">site\u003c/a> at a Ventura County marijuana farm raid where more than 200 people were arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can California unmask federal agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The use of masked agents without clearly identifying uniforms has confused the public, including local police receiving reports of kidnappings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-issues-warning-amid-increased-reports-fake-ice-officers\">warned\u003c/a> in March that reports of ICE impersonations were growing. Alleged federal agent impersonations have occurred in Huntington Park, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fox6now.com/news/new-berlin-border-patrol-impersonator-charges\">Wisconsin\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDUXfqt4QUs\">Philadelphia\u003c/a> and elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t even know who these people are. It’s so dangerous, it’s so horrific, and it’s time to put standards in place,” said Sen. Scott Wiener, a San Francisco Democrat who is backing two proposals that would compel law enforcement officers to go without masks and display identification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration maintains that the masks are necessary to protect officers’ identities as they carry out investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, I’m sorry if people are offended by them wearing masks but I’m not going to let my officers and agents go out there and put their lives on the line and their family on the line because people don’t like what immigration enforcement is,” \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.ap.org/editorial-photos-videos/detail?itemid=dfdb587be6bb4d8d829c7d1b92812a76\">said\u003c/a> acting ICE Director Todd Lyons in a press conference early June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some law enforcement experts say the federal government has that authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certain legislators are giving a false sense of hope that California can legislate laws to control the practices of federal agents,” said Ed Obayashi, a longtime sheriff’s deputy in California and policy adviser to the Modoc County Sheriff’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They cannot do that — bottom line. Plain and simple. Federal law is supreme.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acknowledging potential legal disputes, Wiener said he’s willing to test the “time-sensitive” bills in the courts.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>“Federal employees can’t just come in and ignore all California laws,” he said. “There are laws that they have to follow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/07/immigration-raids-who/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They appeared in plain clothes outside a \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcsandiego.com/news/local/immigration-raids-san-diego-hotels-tourism/3859339/\">San Diego\u003c/a> hotel, wore camouflage as they \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/07/worksite-immigration-raids/\">raided a Los Angeles factory\u003c/a> and arrived with military gear at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-07-10/federal-immigration-sweep-ventura-county-farms\">Ventura County farm\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The presence of thousands of hard-to-identify federal agents is a new fact of life in Southern California this summer as the Trump administration carries out the president’s promised deportations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many residents may assume these masked agents are officers from Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). But that’s not always the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of them belong to the Border Patrol, the agency that traditionally has policed the nation’s border with Mexico. But the Trump administration sent officers from other agencies to Los Angeles, too, including the FBI and special tactical teams from the Department of Homeland Security not widely seen until now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democrats in California’s Legislature have proposed measures to unmask the federal agents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Senate Bill 627, the “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb627\">No Secret Police Act\u003c/a>,” seeks to prohibit all local, state and federal officers from using masks with some exceptions. SB 805, the “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/bills/ca_202520260sb805\">No Vigilantes Act\u003c/a>,” would require that officers clearly display their name or badge number. It’s disputed whether the state can regulate federal officers and law enforcement agencies are lobbying against the proposals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal regulations \u003ca href=\"https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-8/chapter-I/subchapter-B/part-287/section-287.8#p-287.8(c)\">state\u003c/a> that ICE and Border Patrol agents should identify themselves when arresting someone “as soon as it is practical and safe to do so.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the public is allowed to ask federal agents to identify themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But David Levine, a professor at UC Law San Francisco said, “they can ask but it doesn’t mean they’ll get the information.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of sweeps and detentions appeared to slow this week after a federal judge issued a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/07/la-immigration-restraining-order/\">temporary restraining order\u003c/a>, finding that agents stopped people based on someone’s race, language, accent, presence at a specific location or job. For ensuing stops, agents must have “reasonable suspicion” that doesn’t consider those factors “alone or in combination,” according to the judge’s order.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While ICE is a different agency than Border Patrol, both are part of the Department of Homeland Security and carry out immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The difference may not always matter much, but misidentifying an agency can confuse the public, as it did with the sighting of \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-06-19/dhs-agents-at-dodger-stadium-area\">federal agents\u003c/a> outside Dodger Stadium in June. The agents reportedly had no visible names or badges and attempted to enter the stadium’s parking lots. The Dodgers put out a statement that “ICE agents” had been denied entry to the stadium. ICE denied it was ever there; the Department of Homeland Security then clarified that it had been Customs and Border Protection agents at the venue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Images on social media show a constellation of federal agencies supporting immigration sweeps in Southern California. Here’s how you can identify them.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Border Patrol far from the border\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://calmatters.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/07/070725_ILLO_Operation-Excalibur-MacArthur-Park_Hendricks_CM_14-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"Three heavily armed U.S. Border Patrol agents in tactical gear stand outside in a city setting with palm trees and buildings in the background. All are wearing helmets, face coverings, and body armor. A zoomed-in inset highlights a round shoulder patch with yellow text reading “U.S. Border Patrol” over a blue map of the United States. The photo is black and white, except for the yellow and blue colors of the patch in the inset.\">\u003cfigcaption>Federal agents descend on MacArthur Park in Los Angeles on July 7, 2025. \u003cem>J.W. Hendricks for CalMatters\u003c/em>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Border Patrol agents often wear green uniforms and “Border Patrol” and “U.S. Customs and Border Protection” might be labeled on their badge, vest, shoulder, back, bucket hat or cap, and usually in yellow text over blue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Their marked vehicles tend to be white with a green slash, reading “Border Patrol” on the side.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some might confuse Border Patrol with Customs and Border Protection officers. Those officials wear blue and usually stay stationed at ports of entry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may be wondering why Border Patrol agents are conducting immigration operations deep into Los Angeles neighborhoods, rather than staying closer to the border.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Border Patrol agents can search vehicles without a warrant throughout much of the country. They’re allowed to operate 100 miles from any edge of the country and coastline, reaching roughly two-thirds of the U.S. population, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/04/border-patrol-records-kern-county/\">CalMatters investigation\u003c/a> and documentary produced in partnership with Evident and Bellingcat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since its \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/along-us-borders/overview\">creation\u003c/a> by Congress in 1924, the Border Patrol’s role has been to prevent unauthorized entry into the United States. The agency \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbp.gov/border-security/along-us-borders\">polices\u003c/a> trade, narcotics, contraband and combats human trafficking.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agency has a SWAT-like unit known as BORTAC, or Border Patrol Tactical Unit, which has also been documented in immigrant hubs such as \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/mel_buer_/p/DL0bj-LBOyT/?img_index=1\">MacArthur Park\u003c/a>, Los Angeles’ \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DLlaVtDS-2N/\">Toy District\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/story/2025-06-20/photos-federal-raid-in-bell-met-with-protests\">Bell\u003c/a>. Border Patrol sources describe the unit’s use for “high-risk” purposes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fatigues, the unit wears a “BORTAC” patch on the left shoulder with, at times, black undershirts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Customs and Border Protection also \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbclosangeles.com/news/local/federal-agents-execute-search-warrant-in-north-hills-neighborhood/3734363/\">deployed\u003c/a> its tactical Special Response Team in Los Angeles’ North Hills late June, executing a federal search warrant at a “human smuggling hub” tied to national security threats, arresting two, according to the agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>ICE in police vests\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>ICE agents might wear an “ICE” patch on the front or back of their vest, usually in black-and-white, though they also can carry a badge of the same design in gold. The ICE emblem features the U.S. Department of Homeland Security eagle \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/department-homeland-security-seal\">seal\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE agents might display “police” on their uniform. The ACLU wants ICE to stop using the word “police” on uniforms, contending the agency is impersonating local law enforcement officers\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 9/11, the Bush administration created the Department of Homeland Security, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement within it shortly thereafter. ICE is \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/history\">tasked\u003c/a> with enforcing trade and immigration laws, including within the interior of the country.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Cato Institute \u003ca href=\"https://www.cato.org/blog/65-people-taken-ice-had-no-convictions-93-no-violent-convictions\">found\u003c/a> that ICE booked over 200,000 people into detention between October 1 and June 14. More than 93% of book-ins had no violent conviction and 65% had no criminal conviction whatsoever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE itself has a few enforcement divisions. That’s why some ICE uniforms might read \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/ero\">ERO \u003c/a>— part of their “Enforcement and Removal Operations” team — or \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/hsi\">HSI\u003c/a> for “Homeland Security Investigations.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, ICE launched a rebrand and created the investigations unit to develop cases, and improve public outreach, including with local law enforcement, an \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/homeland-security-agency-ice-rebrands-aid-investigations/story?id=109510154\">HSI official told\u003c/a> ABC News.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to its \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice\">website\u003c/a>, HSI combats a broad array of transnational-related crime, ranging from narcotics smuggling to cybercrime, and from human trafficking to intellectual property theft.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/ero\">ERO\u003c/a> meanwhile manages all aspects of the typical immigration enforcement process: identifying, arresting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/statistics\">GPS monitoring\u003c/a>, and deporting unauthorized immigrants. \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/mission\">Their site description \u003c/a>also says they seek to deport priority undocumented immigrants after they are released from U.S. jails and prisons. They can also assist multi-agency task forces in arresting unauthorized immigrants without any other criminal history who are “deemed a threat to public safety.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ICE also deployed its Special Response Team (SRT), decked in military wear and weaponry, in San Diego late May. It sent a dozen or more of those officers to the \u003ca href=\"https://lapublicpress.org/2025/06/vendor-safety-santa-fe-springs-swap-meet-raid/\">Santa Fe Springs Swap Meet\u003c/a> near southeast Los Angeles in June, detaining two people for deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents from those teams will often feature their logo on the shoulder and will be seen in heavy military-like uniforms. The teams are meant to engage “high risk” situations, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ice.gov/about-ice/hsi/news/hsi-insider/strategic-safety-operations\">ICE\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Rare National Guard deployment\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>National Guard troops had been most visible outside a federal building during protests in \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/06/la-immigration-protests-photo-essay/\">downtown Los Angeles\u003c/a>, but have also accompanied a few immigration enforcement operations. In \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DEALOSANGELES/status/1935558820014809383\">mid-June\u003c/a>, National Guard soldiers accompanied federal agents raiding marijuana farms around Thermal, a desert town near Coachella, where about \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DEALOSANGELES/status/1935559162144141669\">70 undocumented immigrants\u003c/a> were arrested, according to the Drug Enforcement Administration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On July 7, about 90 California National Guard soldiers swept through the Los Angeles immigrant hub of MacArthur Park, a defense official said, to protect immigration agents from potentially hostile crowds, \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-immigration-raid-troops-military-2d81f5c35f9d11db9e32234e03480497\">according to the Associated Press\u003c/a>. They also were on site in \u003ca href=\"https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9177508/soldiers-support-federal-operation-southern-california\">Carpinteria\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Guard troops in L.A. wear Army uniforms. Soldiers in the state units have patches on their left shoulder that show a \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/army/comments/rc5ctq/found_this_unit_patch_online_can_anyone_tell_me/\">raven\u003c/a>, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9131019/california-national-guard-soldiers-support-federal-security-mission-los-angeles\">sunburst\u003c/a>, or a \u003ca href=\"http://www.uniforms-4u.com/p-49th-military-police-mp-brigade-acu-military-patch-4901.aspx\">sunburst\u003c/a> on top a diamond, each in black and green color schemes. Troops will also have a full color \u003ca href=\"https://www.dvidshub.net/image/9111385/california-national-guard-soldiers-provide-protection-federal-law-enforcement-federal-operation\">U.S. flag\u003c/a> on the right shoulder. The patch under that, if any, can vary and may be based on a soldier’s past deployments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Part of the U.S. military, the National Guard is able to serve both domestically and globally for state and federal duties, assisting with natural disasters, border security, civil unrest, overseas combat, counter-drug efforts and more. Soldiers largely stay in their home state and can be called on by the state governor or president.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gov. Gavin Newsom opposed President Trump’s decision to send the troops to Los Angeles, and the assignment marked the first time that a president has deployed the National Guard \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/06/national-guard-los-angeles-legal/\">over the objections of a governor\u003c/a> since the Civil Rights era.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>More federal law enforcement officers\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In January, a Homeland Security memo called for Justice Department agents to carry out immigration enforcement, according to \u003ca href=\"https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/dhs-allows-us-marshals-dea-atf-carry-immigration/story?id=118022307\">ABC News\u003c/a>. Deputized bureaus include the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), the Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), the U.S. Marshals Service, the Federal Bureau of Prisons receiving the “same authority already granted to the FBI.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officers’ affiliations can be seen on their vests, jackets, or at times, their shoulder patches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents wearing FBI fatigues were most visible in the worksite sweep at Ambiance Apparel in L.A.’s Fashion District, arguably the first major operation of the current wave of raids.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On June 10, FBI Los Angeles’ X account \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/FBILosAngeles/status/1932573649585787303\">touted\u003c/a> its collaboration with an ICE operation in Ventura County. They have also \u003ca href=\"https://www.fox10tv.com/2025/06/26/hsi-fbi-speak-illegal-immigration-raid-gulf-shores-high-school/\">participated\u003c/a> in other immigration raids across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A spokesperson with the Justice Department declined to comment on how it deployed agents from various agencies. In early June, the FBI \u003ca href=\"https://ktla.com/news/local-news/federal-agents-raid-home-depot-in-westlake-district/\">told\u003c/a> KTLA that it is participating in immigration enforcement in Los Angeles and nationwide “as directed by the Attorney General,” supporting with SWAT, intelligence and more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ATF was also seen at the Ambiance Apparel raid. The DEA was there, too, and has since \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/DEALOSANGELES/status/1932898021626556425/photo/1\">collaborated\u003c/a> with ICE in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On X, U.S. Marshals \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/USMSLosAngeles/status/1935684366589415896/photo/1\">touted\u003c/a> themselves as “on the front lines of immigration enforcement” in Los Angeles while showing officers interviewing a man on a bike. Marshals were also on \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/USMSLosAngeles/status/1943918200799772806/photo/1\">site\u003c/a> at a Ventura County marijuana farm raid where more than 200 people were arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Can California unmask federal agents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The use of masked agents without clearly identifying uniforms has confused the public, including local police receiving reports of kidnappings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/attorney-general-bonta-issues-warning-amid-increased-reports-fake-ice-officers\">warned\u003c/a> in March that reports of ICE impersonations were growing. Alleged federal agent impersonations have occurred in Huntington Park, \u003ca href=\"https://www.fox6now.com/news/new-berlin-border-patrol-impersonator-charges\">Wisconsin\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UDUXfqt4QUs\">Philadelphia\u003c/a> and elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We don’t even know who these people are. It’s so dangerous, it’s so horrific, and it’s time to put standards in place,” said Sen. Scott Wiener, a San Francisco Democrat who is backing two proposals that would compel law enforcement officers to go without masks and display identification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration maintains that the masks are necessary to protect officers’ identities as they carry out investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So, I’m sorry if people are offended by them wearing masks but I’m not going to let my officers and agents go out there and put their lives on the line and their family on the line because people don’t like what immigration enforcement is,” \u003ca href=\"https://newsroom.ap.org/editorial-photos-videos/detail?itemid=dfdb587be6bb4d8d829c7d1b92812a76\">said\u003c/a> acting ICE Director Todd Lyons in a press conference early June.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And some law enforcement experts say the federal government has that authority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certain legislators are giving a false sense of hope that California can legislate laws to control the practices of federal agents,” said Ed Obayashi, a longtime sheriff’s deputy in California and policy adviser to the Modoc County Sheriff’s Office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They cannot do that — bottom line. Plain and simple. Federal law is supreme.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acknowledging potential legal disputes, Wiener said he’s willing to test the “time-sensitive” bills in the courts.\u003cbr>\n\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>“Federal employees can’t just come in and ignore all California laws,” he said. “There are laws that they have to follow.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/justice/2025/07/immigration-raids-who/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The U.S. House of Representatives has voted to undo three federal waivers that let\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\"> California\u003c/a> set strict vehicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pollution\">pollution\u003c/a> standards. On Wednesday, the House voted against two waivers involving heavy trucking, and on Thursday, it voted to reverse a state rule that would require all new vehicles in the state to be zero-emission by 2035.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two nonpartisan government entities have advised Congress that it can’t actually reverse those waivers through the mechanism it’s using. The Senate now needs to decide whether to follow that guidance — or follow the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s standards have been described by supporters as ambitious, and by critics as unrealistic. Beginning with model year 2026, the state requires 35% of new cars sold by any given automaker to be zero-emission. Currently, about 25% of new cars sold in California are electric; the national average is closer to 10%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rules are not something automakers can brush off or overlook. California is a huge state and a major auto market. Other states can’t set their own standards, but they can opt to follow California’s, and about a dozen have adopted its zero-emission rule. The result is that more than 30% of the U.S. auto market is governed by California’s policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s waiver has a massive impact,” Stephanie Brinley, the associate director of AutoIntelligence at S&P Global Mobility, wrote in a report in January 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032226\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032226\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Traffic on Interstate 550 in Oakland flowing with cars, but without large diesel trucks, which are prohibited from driving on this interstate. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, a trade group representing automakers, had pushed hard for Congress to step in and overrule California because they argue that consumer demand for EVs is not strong enough to support California’s targets. John Bozzella, the trade group’s president, has warned that meeting the requirements \u003ca href=\"https://www.autosinnovate.org/posts/papers-reports/December%202024%20Memo%20-%20California%20and%20states%20with%20EV%20sales%20requirements.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>would “take a miracle”\u003c/u>\u003c/a> and said in a statement Wednesday that “thousands of American auto jobs and millions of units of U.S. auto production are at stake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups such as the Union of Concerned Scientists argue that flexibilities built into the rules make them \u003ca href=\"https://blog.ucs.org/dave-reichmuth/what-the-auto-industry-isnt-telling-you-about-californias-clean-vehicle-rules/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>more achievable than they seem\u003c/u>\u003c/a>. And they say stricter regulations are important for protecting public health and the climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This vote is an unprecedented and reckless attack on states’ legal authority to address the vehicle pollution causing asthma, lung disease and heart conditions,” Kathy Harris, Director of Clean Vehicles at the Natural Resources Defense Council, wrote in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how we got here, and what’s next.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is a ‘California waiver’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Picture Los Angeles in the 1940s and ’50s. Beautiful beaches, palm trees and picturesque homes — that were impossible to see behind a thick haze. That choking smog was fueled by air pollution from cars and industry, which became trapped mid-air by mountains and wind patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing this unusually severe problem, the state began regulating air pollution well before the federal government did. As a result, California has a unique privilege: It, alone among U.S. states, can impose its own emissions standards that are stricter than the nation’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each time California wants to add a new, stricter rule, it has to obtain a waiver from the EPA. It’s done that more than 75 times.[aside postID=news_12037646 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230928-EAGLE-ROCK-SETTLE-MD-09_qed-1020x680.jpg']Today, the House voted to rescind the waiver that let California issue its zero-emission rule for passenger cars, along with two more that allow California to set rules for heavy trucks. One rule would require more heavy trucks to be electric, while the other would require new diesel vehicles to become cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those three California rules aren’t \u003cem>just \u003c/em>about reducing smog. Cars and trucks are a major source of carbon dioxide emissions that are warming the planet. Increasingly, California has become a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2015/11/24/456650555/california-an-environmental-leader-eyes-a-key-role-in-climate-talks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>global leader\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in reducing the carbon emissions that fuel climate change, and zero-emission vehicles are a key part of those climate policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s climate-minded vehicle regulations, far more aggressive than the federal standards and explicitly designed to fight climate change, have long \u003ca href=\"https://rollcall.com/factbase/trump/transcript/donald-trump-speech-political-rally-green-bay-wisconsin-april-2-2024/#85\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>outraged\u003c/u>\u003c/a> President Trump and his \u003ca href=\"https://www.governing.com/resilience/a-blow-against-californias-ev-tyranny\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>allies\u003c/u>\u003c/a>. Trump has dismissed climate concerns and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/01/nx-s1-5273496/trump-biden-climate-change-energy-fossil-fuels-paris-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>prioritized the domestic fossil fuel industry\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/12/nx-s1-5326354/trump-epa-environmental-rules-rollback-deregulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>opposes regulations\u003c/u>\u003c/a> that he describes as limiting consumer choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration is working to eliminate a number of the Biden administration’s pro-EV policies, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/nx-s1-5289922/trump-transportation-department-ev-charging-halt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>freezing EV charger funding\u003c/u>\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/30/nx-s1-5272749/donald-trump-ev-electric-vehicles-subsidies-auto-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>reconsidering federal vehicle standards\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if the administration eases federal standards, California’s tougher rules still push the auto industry to move aggressively toward EVs. That’s why reversing these waivers is a key part of the Trump administration’s broader deregulation plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wait, didn’t this happen before?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes. During the first Trump presidency, the federal government revoked a waiver that allowed California to set its own vehicle standards. That had never been done before, and triggered years of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also split the auto industry. Some companies that had already made costly investments based on existing rules, and that were looking for some consistency among flip-flopping policies, sided with California. They agreed to follow the state’s rules regardless of whether they were legally required to. Others sided with the Trump administration. The whole situation was messy, chaotic and, ultimately, temporary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Biden took office, the waiver was reinstated. Over the next few years, California made its rules even stricter, requiring a new waiver to be granted — the one on passenger vehicles that the House just voted to nix.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s different this time?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The new Trump administration is now trying a different tactic to eliminate these waivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA grants them. In the first Trump term, it was also the EPA that revoked the passenger vehicle waiver. As soon as Biden was in office, the EPA just issued the waiver again. That flip-flopping could, hypothetically, continue with each new administration, unless something changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1044\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1536x1002.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Trump answers a reporter’s question in the Oval Office on Monday. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This time, Congress is attempting to use the Congressional Review Act to reverse the EPA’s decision to grant these waivers in the first place. It’s a little bit like pressing an “undo” button, wiping the waivers out of existence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s only an option within a narrow window of time — and it only works if the president’s party controls Congress. (Trump used this tool heavily in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/04/09/523064408/republicans-are-using-an-obscure-law-to-repeal-some-obama-era-regulations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>first administration\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.) Significantly, rules that are reversed under the CRA \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R43992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>may not be reissued\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in “substantially the same form” unless Congress passes a new law authorizing that specific rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Congressional Review Act also states that actions taken under it are not subject to judicial review, meaning that courts can’t overturn Congress’ decision. But if the California waiver is in fact revoked under the CRA, expect legal challenges anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s guaranteed,” says Christopher “Smitty” Smith, an environmental lawyer in California. “And that’s something I’m willing to state: It’s \u003cem>guaranteed \u003c/em>to result in litigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Now, the Senate has a decision to make.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Government Accountability Office, a federal agency, believes the waiver is \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/products/b-337179\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>not actually eligible\u003c/u>\u003c/a> for this kind of reversal. So does the Senate parliamentarian, a sort of referee over what Congress can and can’t do according to its own rules. \u003ca href=\"https://www.schiff.senate.gov/news/press-releases/statement-whitehouse-padilla-schiff-on-senate-parliamentarian-reaffirming-californias-clean-air-act-waivers-not-subject-to-cra/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>Three Democratic senators\u003c/u>\u003c/a> say the parliamentarian “reaffirmed” in early April that the waiver is not subject to the Congressional Review Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parliamentarian is not elected, and while her rulings hold significant weight in the Senate, they are not binding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But overruling the parliamentarian violates long-held Senate norms — the same norms that keep the filibuster in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reports \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/articles/senators-weigh-next-move-on-california-clean-car-rules/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>indicate\u003c/u>\u003c/a> that some Republican senators have been weighing whether eliminating the California rules justifies breaking that norm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lobbying on this issue has been intense, with traditional automakers and the oil industry pushing hard for Congress to eliminate the rules, and public health groups like the American Lung Association joining environmental and EV groups to defend California’s policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California, which has the unique ability to set vehicle standards, has set ambitious rules requiring all new cars to be zero-emission by 2035. The fate of those rules is now up to the Senate.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The U.S. House of Representatives has voted to undo three federal waivers that let\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\"> California\u003c/a> set strict vehicle \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/pollution\">pollution\u003c/a> standards. On Wednesday, the House voted against two waivers involving heavy trucking, and on Thursday, it voted to reverse a state rule that would require all new vehicles in the state to be zero-emission by 2035.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two nonpartisan government entities have advised Congress that it can’t actually reverse those waivers through the mechanism it’s using. The Senate now needs to decide whether to follow that guidance — or follow the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s standards have been described by supporters as ambitious, and by critics as unrealistic. Beginning with model year 2026, the state requires 35% of new cars sold by any given automaker to be zero-emission. Currently, about 25% of new cars sold in California are electric; the national average is closer to 10%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These rules are not something automakers can brush off or overlook. California is a huge state and a major auto market. Other states can’t set their own standards, but they can opt to follow California’s, and about a dozen have adopted its zero-emission rule. The result is that more than 30% of the U.S. auto market is governed by California’s policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“California’s waiver has a massive impact,” Stephanie Brinley, the associate director of AutoIntelligence at S&P Global Mobility, wrote in a report in January 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032226\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032226\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/IMG_6860_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Traffic on Interstate 550 in Oakland flowing with cars, but without large diesel trucks, which are prohibited from driving on this interstate. \u003ccite>(Joyce Tsai/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Alliance for Automotive Innovation, a trade group representing automakers, had pushed hard for Congress to step in and overrule California because they argue that consumer demand for EVs is not strong enough to support California’s targets. John Bozzella, the trade group’s president, has warned that meeting the requirements \u003ca href=\"https://www.autosinnovate.org/posts/papers-reports/December%202024%20Memo%20-%20California%20and%20states%20with%20EV%20sales%20requirements.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>would “take a miracle”\u003c/u>\u003c/a> and said in a statement Wednesday that “thousands of American auto jobs and millions of units of U.S. auto production are at stake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental groups such as the Union of Concerned Scientists argue that flexibilities built into the rules make them \u003ca href=\"https://blog.ucs.org/dave-reichmuth/what-the-auto-industry-isnt-telling-you-about-californias-clean-vehicle-rules/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>more achievable than they seem\u003c/u>\u003c/a>. And they say stricter regulations are important for protecting public health and the climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This vote is an unprecedented and reckless attack on states’ legal authority to address the vehicle pollution causing asthma, lung disease and heart conditions,” Kathy Harris, Director of Clean Vehicles at the Natural Resources Defense Council, wrote in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s how we got here, and what’s next.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What is a ‘California waiver’?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Picture Los Angeles in the 1940s and ’50s. Beautiful beaches, palm trees and picturesque homes — that were impossible to see behind a thick haze. That choking smog was fueled by air pollution from cars and industry, which became trapped mid-air by mountains and wind patterns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facing this unusually severe problem, the state began regulating air pollution well before the federal government did. As a result, California has a unique privilege: It, alone among U.S. states, can impose its own emissions standards that are stricter than the nation’s.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each time California wants to add a new, stricter rule, it has to obtain a waiver from the EPA. It’s done that more than 75 times.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Today, the House voted to rescind the waiver that let California issue its zero-emission rule for passenger cars, along with two more that allow California to set rules for heavy trucks. One rule would require more heavy trucks to be electric, while the other would require new diesel vehicles to become cleaner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those three California rules aren’t \u003cem>just \u003c/em>about reducing smog. Cars and trucks are a major source of carbon dioxide emissions that are warming the planet. Increasingly, California has become a \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2015/11/24/456650555/california-an-environmental-leader-eyes-a-key-role-in-climate-talks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>global leader\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in reducing the carbon emissions that fuel climate change, and zero-emission vehicles are a key part of those climate policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s climate-minded vehicle regulations, far more aggressive than the federal standards and explicitly designed to fight climate change, have long \u003ca href=\"https://rollcall.com/factbase/trump/transcript/donald-trump-speech-political-rally-green-bay-wisconsin-april-2-2024/#85\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>outraged\u003c/u>\u003c/a> President Trump and his \u003ca href=\"https://www.governing.com/resilience/a-blow-against-californias-ev-tyranny\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>allies\u003c/u>\u003c/a>. Trump has dismissed climate concerns and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/01/nx-s1-5273496/trump-biden-climate-change-energy-fossil-fuels-paris-agreement\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>prioritized the domestic fossil fuel industry\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/12/nx-s1-5326354/trump-epa-environmental-rules-rollback-deregulation\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>opposes regulations\u003c/u>\u003c/a> that he describes as limiting consumer choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration is working to eliminate a number of the Biden administration’s pro-EV policies, from \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/02/07/nx-s1-5289922/trump-transportation-department-ev-charging-halt\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>freezing EV charger funding\u003c/u>\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/01/30/nx-s1-5272749/donald-trump-ev-electric-vehicles-subsidies-auto-industry\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>reconsidering federal vehicle standards\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even if the administration eases federal standards, California’s tougher rules still push the auto industry to move aggressively toward EVs. That’s why reversing these waivers is a key part of the Trump administration’s broader deregulation plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Wait, didn’t this happen before?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes. During the first Trump presidency, the federal government revoked a waiver that allowed California to set its own vehicle standards. That had never been done before, and triggered years of litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also split the auto industry. Some companies that had already made costly investments based on existing rules, and that were looking for some consistency among flip-flopping policies, sided with California. They agreed to follow the state’s rules regardless of whether they were legally required to. Others sided with the Trump administration. The whole situation was messy, chaotic and, ultimately, temporary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Biden took office, the waiver was reinstated. Over the next few years, California made its rules even stricter, requiring a new waiver to be granted — the one on passenger vehicles that the House just voted to nix.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s different this time?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The new Trump administration is now trying a different tactic to eliminate these waivers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EPA grants them. In the first Trump term, it was also the EPA that revoked the passenger vehicle waiver. As soon as Biden was in office, the EPA just issued the waiver again. That flip-flopping could, hypothetically, continue with each new administration, unless something changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035189\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1044\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-800x522.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-6-1536x1002.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">President Trump answers a reporter’s question in the Oval Office on Monday. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This time, Congress is attempting to use the Congressional Review Act to reverse the EPA’s decision to grant these waivers in the first place. It’s a little bit like pressing an “undo” button, wiping the waivers out of existence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s only an option within a narrow window of time — and it only works if the president’s party controls Congress. (Trump used this tool heavily in his \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2017/04/09/523064408/republicans-are-using-an-obscure-law-to-repeal-some-obama-era-regulations\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>first administration\u003c/u>\u003c/a>.) Significantly, rules that are reversed under the CRA \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R43992\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>may not be reissued\u003c/u>\u003c/a> in “substantially the same form” unless Congress passes a new law authorizing that specific rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Congressional Review Act also states that actions taken under it are not subject to judicial review, meaning that courts can’t overturn Congress’ decision. But if the California waiver is in fact revoked under the CRA, expect legal challenges anyway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s guaranteed,” says Christopher “Smitty” Smith, an environmental lawyer in California. “And that’s something I’m willing to state: It’s \u003cem>guaranteed \u003c/em>to result in litigation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s next?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Now, the Senate has a decision to make.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Government Accountability Office, a federal agency, believes the waiver is \u003ca href=\"https://www.gao.gov/products/b-337179\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>not actually eligible\u003c/u>\u003c/a> for this kind of reversal. So does the Senate parliamentarian, a sort of referee over what Congress can and can’t do according to its own rules. \u003ca href=\"https://www.schiff.senate.gov/news/press-releases/statement-whitehouse-padilla-schiff-on-senate-parliamentarian-reaffirming-californias-clean-air-act-waivers-not-subject-to-cra/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>Three Democratic senators\u003c/u>\u003c/a> say the parliamentarian “reaffirmed” in early April that the waiver is not subject to the Congressional Review Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The parliamentarian is not elected, and while her rulings hold significant weight in the Senate, they are not binding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But overruling the parliamentarian violates long-held Senate norms — the same norms that keep the filibuster in place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reports \u003ca href=\"https://www.eenews.net/articles/senators-weigh-next-move-on-california-clean-car-rules/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>indicate\u003c/u>\u003c/a> that some Republican senators have been weighing whether eliminating the California rules justifies breaking that norm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lobbying on this issue has been intense, with traditional automakers and the oil industry pushing hard for Congress to eliminate the rules, and public health groups like the American Lung Association joining environmental and EV groups to defend California’s policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
"id": "politicalbreakdown",
"title": "Political Breakdown",
"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
"airtime": "SAT 4pm-5pm",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/",
"rss": "http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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