Explaining the Supreme CourtExplaining the Supreme Court
How to Navigate Student Loans & Affirmative Action: What You Need to Know
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Read Part One of this story about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955680/explaining-303-creative-decision\">the Supreme Court’s recent ruling on LGBTQ+ discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last days of June, the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective students and the 43 million Americans who would have had some relief from their student debt — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.[aside label='More Supreme Court Explainers' tag='explaining-the-supreme-court']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series on the ramifications of these Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how they’ll affect you — and what can be done about it. In this explainer, we hear from experts about the Supreme Court’s two decisions that affect students: namely, the court’s rulings against affirmative action, and student loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do you need to know if you’re a current or prospective student? How will these decisions impact social mobility and diversity — not only in higher education but in the workforce and society more broadly? And how can you empower yourself in the face of these rulings that have proven devastating news for many?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking in front of an assembled crowd at Manny’s, a San Francisco community space, was the panel:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Courtney Liss\u003c/strong>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cody Harri\u003c/strong>s, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Matthew Coles\u003c/strong>, professor of practice at UC Law SF (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>June 29: The Supreme Court strikes down affirmative action in college admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf\">Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court declared that race cannot be a factor in admissions. Colleges and admissions can no longer consider an applicant’s race as one of many factors in deciding who to admit.[aside label='More Stories on Affirmative Action' tag='affirmative-action']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s conservative majority effectively overturned cases reaching back 45 years in invalidating admissions plans at Harvard and the University of North Carolina, the nation’s oldest private and public colleges, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decision for the court majority, Chief Justice John Roberts said that the nation’s colleges and universities must use colorblind criteria in admissions. Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, the first-ever Black female justice on the Supreme Court, wrote in her dissent that “with let-them-eat-cake obliviousness,” the court’s majority “pulls the ripcord and announces ‘colorblindness for all’ by legal fiat. But deeming race irrelevant in law does not make it so in life.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">Read more on the affirmative action ruling from NPR.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What prospective students need to know about these changes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens \u003cem>your \u003c/em>application.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving the example of her own background, Liss said that she herself could write in her application essay about how “growing up with a mom who’s a refugee, who didn’t know how to navigate social systems, made me want to go to law school.” But then, Liss added, college admissions officers now have to consider, “Did my race impact me personally in being braver?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t say, ‘Yeah, it’s automatically hard to have parents who don’t speak English.’ Even though it is often very hard,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s behind this case?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The affirmative action cases were brought by conservative activist Edward Blum, the founder of Students for Fair Admissions — the group that filed the lawsuits against both schools in 2014. The group’s argument was that the Constitution forbids the use of race in college admissions and called for overturning earlier Supreme Court decisions that said otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Courtney Liss, lawyer, Keker, Van Nest and Peters\"]‘You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens your application.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students for Fair Admissions’ suit claimed that the schools particularly discriminated against Asian American students. Liss noted that as an Asian American who was the first in her family to go to college, she found this case “really tragic” in how she saw the Asian American community being “pitted against or used against, like as a wedge, in the broader community of color in which we are — and should be considered — part.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also noted the plurality of experiences among Asian Americans, saying, “So many of which are so far removed from this lawsuit” — and how the perception that “Asians are harmed by affirmative action practices” is based on this notion of the community as a monolith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How this ruling could impact students and society now\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, NPR reported on places where affirmative action has already been eliminated and found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">there was a severe drop in admissions of people of color\u003c/a> — particularly among Black students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955729\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955729\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Dozens of people protest holding signs and yelling in each other's faces.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pro-affirmative action supporters and counterprotesters shout at each outside the Supreme Court in Washington, DC, on June 29, 2023. \u003ccite>(Kent Nishimura / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These places include the University of California, which \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/university-of-california-looks-to-share-expertise-after-decades-without-affirmative-action/693374\">in 1996, was prohibited from considering race as a factor in admissions\u003c/a> after the state’s voters passed a ballot measure against affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Supreme Court’s decision on June 29, UC President Michael Drake wrote that without being able to consider race in the admissions process, institutions would now have to “work much harder to identify and address the root causes of societal inequities that hinder diverse students in pursuing and achieving a higher education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Courtney Liss, lawyer, Keker, Van Nest and Peters\"]‘We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Striking down affirmative action, Liss said, will not only hold back individuals, but society more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have fewer students of color in college, you have fewer students of color in med school and fewer students of color who become doctors … already, we live in a country with some of the highest maternal mortality rates, especially for Black mothers,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>June 30: The Supreme Court strikes down Biden’s student loan forgiveness program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By ruling against the Biden administration in the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/22-506_nmip.pdf\">Biden v. Nebraska\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">killed the White House’s $400 billion plan\u003c/a> to cancel or reduce federal student loan debts for millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6-3 decision, with conservative justices in the majority, said the Biden administration overstepped its authority with the plan, and it left borrowers on the hook for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">repayments that are expected to resume in the fall\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s loan forgiveness plan would have canceled up to $20,000 in federal student loans for 43 million people. Of those, 20 million would have had their remaining student debt erased completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How the student loans case will impact prospective students\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing the practical impact of this decision on student loans, Liss said: “A lot of students like me, and like a lot of other people, won’t go [to college] … or they won’t be able to afford to go.” It was a decision, she said, that would undoubtedly “disproportionately affect people of color and people from other underrepresented backgrounds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those students who would still take on massive student loans to be able to go to college, Liss expressed deep concern about how the decision could change “the shape of their lives” on account of the sheer amount of debt they’d undertake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about the professions that many graduates now wouldn’t feel able to embark upon — “students who might be future doctors or lawyers or legislators” — because they couldn’t afford to, Liss said it was “really f—— sad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My education has been not just like a door for me, but a door for my whole family,” Liss said. “And it’s like, just slamming that door shut in people’s faces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the future of student loan forgiveness after this ruling?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the Supreme Court’s decision, Biden vowed to push ahead with a new plan to provide student loan relief for millions of borrowers, while blaming Republican “hypocrisy” for triggering the decision that wiped out his original plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have student loans,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\"> payment requirements for student loans will resume in October\u003c/a>. But Biden said that in the coming weeks, he’ll work under the authority of the Higher Education Act to begin a new program designed to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">ease borrowers’ threat of default\u003c/a> if they fall behind over the next year. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">Read more about the White House’s plans for student debt forgiveness after the Supreme Court ruling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s SAVE Plan, framed as “a student loan safety net,” would also allow millions of Americans with student loans to enroll in a new repayment plan that offers some of the most lenient terms ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest won’t pile up as long as borrowers make regular payments. Millions of people will have monthly payments reduced to $0. And in as little as 10 years, any remaining debt will be canceled. The Education Department says the SAVE Plan will be available to all borrowers in the Direct Loan Program who are in good standing on their loans, and that borrowers will be notified when the new application process launches this summer. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loans-debt-college-cancellation-forgiveness-34152bb5000128a413efd2287887a37a\">Read more about the SAVE Plan.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, more than 800,000 federal student loan borrowers will still have their student loan debts automatically erased, independent of the Supreme Court’s recent decision — as part of a one-time “account adjustment” for those borrowers specifically impacted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/19/1093310151/student-loans-income-based-repayment\">the White House’s controversial income-driven repayment (IDR) plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This targeted student loan forgiveness is the result of the Biden administration’s 2022 pledge to help these borrowers after multiple complaints, lawsuits and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">an NPR investigation into IDR plans\u003c/a> into mismanagement by the department and loan servicers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/14/1187660793/student-loan-forgiveness-income-driven-repayment\">Read more about student loan forgiveness for these borrowers around IDR plans.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Answering more questions about the Supreme Court\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s important to engage with Supreme Court rulings — even when the content is painful\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris issued a general urge for audiences to read and educate themselves about Supreme Court cases by finding and downloading them online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They’re daunting at first,” he acknowledged. “But you get used to them as you read them” — adding that people shouldn’t worry if they want to “skip the boring parts and kind of get to the guts.” Eventually, Harris said, their Supreme Court-reading “muscle” will develop and they’ll “get the feel for what these things are like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why \u003cem>should \u003c/em>you read Supreme Court cases for yourself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we just leave these issues to people like us — lawyers, professors — that’s you sort of giving away your birthright,” Harris warned. “This is part of the country. This is part of our charter of government. These people — these nine people, these lawyers in robes — are making a lot of decisions that affect all of us very personally — and our country and how it operates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incumbent upon all of us as Americans,” Harris urged, “to engage with it — as difficult as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could the Supreme Court be changed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these recent rulings on affirmative action, student loan forgiveness, discrimination against LGBTQ+ people and the constitutional right to an abortion, the Supreme Court’s conservative supermajority has led many to question what’s even possible in terms of reforming the Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could there, hypothetically, be another court \u003cem>above \u003c/em>the Supreme Court?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer is no,” Harris confirmed. “The Constitution only provides for one court, which is the Supreme Court. It doesn’t say how many justices have to be in it, but it’s just one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Cody Harris, lawyer, Keker, Van Nest and Peters\"]‘This hasn’t been a steady march towards equality. It’s like a sine wave. It’s gone up and down — and up and down.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Harris was nonetheless keen to provide context and perspective for how the Supreme Court’s rulings have, historically, “changed over time” depending on the composition of its justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This hasn’t been a steady march towards equality,” he said. “It’s like a sine wave. It’s gone up and down — and up and down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key focus of reform advocates has been the term limits of Supreme Court justices. On June 30, California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) reintroduced the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a>, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt. Khanna’s bill aims to enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship” in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955326/supreme-court-reform-would-ro-khannas-term-limit-proposal-work\">Read more about how Khanna’s bill would work, and its potential chances of success.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955722\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955722\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg\" alt='People hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now!\" in front of the columned facade of the supreme court.' width=\"2000\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-800x521.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1020x664.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1920x1250.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Student debt relief activists participate in a rally at the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does the Supreme Court care about public opinion?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Dobbs in 2022 to affirmative action last month, the Court’s recent rulings have drawn sharp criticism and spurred many public protests. Does this dissent have an impact on the justices?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps, Harris said — who noted that throughout its history, the Supreme Court has been “very mindful of its legitimacy — and its jealously guards it because it’s all it has.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/our-government/the-executive-branch/\">the executive branch\u003c/a> of the United States government, which includes the military, the Supreme Court “doesn’t have an army to enforce its rules and its rulings,” Harris stressed. So amid the absence of that ability to enforce its rules, “what they have is legitimacy — that when they speak, everyone up to and including the President of the United States and the military [says] ‘OK, the court has spoken.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that accord was to ever go away, Harris said, “That’s how you get what’s called a constitutional crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Matthew Coles of the conservative justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>Read Part One of this story about \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955680/explaining-303-creative-decision\">the Supreme Court’s recent ruling on LGBTQ+ discrimination\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the last days of June, the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective students and the 43 million Americans who would have had some relief from their student debt — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series on the ramifications of these Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how they’ll affect you — and what can be done about it. In this explainer, we hear from experts about the Supreme Court’s two decisions that affect students: namely, the court’s rulings against affirmative action, and student loan forgiveness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What do you need to know if you’re a current or prospective student? How will these decisions impact social mobility and diversity — not only in higher education but in the workforce and society more broadly? And how can you empower yourself in the face of these rulings that have proven devastating news for many?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speaking in front of an assembled crowd at Manny’s, a San Francisco community space, was the panel:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Courtney Liss\u003c/strong>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Cody Harri\u003c/strong>s, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Matthew Coles\u003c/strong>, professor of practice at UC Law SF (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>June 29: The Supreme Court strikes down affirmative action in college admissions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/20-1199_hgdj.pdf\">Students for Fair Admissions, Inc. v. President and Fellows of Harvard College\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court declared that race cannot be a factor in admissions. Colleges and admissions can no longer consider an applicant’s race as one of many factors in deciding who to admit.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s conservative majority effectively overturned cases reaching back 45 years in invalidating admissions plans at Harvard and the University of North Carolina, the nation’s oldest private and public colleges, respectively.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the decision for the court majority, Chief Justice John Roberts said that the nation’s colleges and universities must use colorblind criteria in admissions. Justice Ketanji Brown Jackson, the first-ever Black female justice on the Supreme Court, wrote in her dissent that “with let-them-eat-cake obliviousness,” the court’s majority “pulls the ripcord and announces ‘colorblindness for all’ by legal fiat. But deeming race irrelevant in law does not make it so in life.” \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">Read more on the affirmative action ruling from NPR.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What prospective students need to know about these changes\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens \u003cem>your \u003c/em>application.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Giving the example of her own background, Liss said that she herself could write in her application essay about how “growing up with a mom who’s a refugee, who didn’t know how to navigate social systems, made me want to go to law school.” But then, Liss added, college admissions officers now have to consider, “Did my race impact me personally in being braver?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They can’t say, ‘Yeah, it’s automatically hard to have parents who don’t speak English.’ Even though it is often very hard,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Who’s behind this case?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The affirmative action cases were brought by conservative activist Edward Blum, the founder of Students for Fair Admissions — the group that filed the lawsuits against both schools in 2014. The group’s argument was that the Constitution forbids the use of race in college admissions and called for overturning earlier Supreme Court decisions that said otherwise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘You can technically still, in your main essay, write about diversity,” said San Francisco lawyer Courtney Liss, “as long as you are discussing how it individually strengthens your application.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Students for Fair Admissions’ suit claimed that the schools particularly discriminated against Asian American students. Liss noted that as an Asian American who was the first in her family to go to college, she found this case “really tragic” in how she saw the Asian American community being “pitted against or used against, like as a wedge, in the broader community of color in which we are — and should be considered — part.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also noted the plurality of experiences among Asian Americans, saying, “So many of which are so far removed from this lawsuit” — and how the perception that “Asians are harmed by affirmative action practices” is based on this notion of the community as a monolith.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How this ruling could impact students and society now\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, NPR reported on places where affirmative action has already been eliminated and found that \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/29/1181138066/affirmative-action-supreme-court-decision\">there was a severe drop in admissions of people of color\u003c/a> — particularly among Black students.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955729\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955729\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"Dozens of people protest holding signs and yelling in each other's faces.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION-GETTY-IMAGES-KN-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pro-affirmative action supporters and counterprotesters shout at each outside the Supreme Court in Washington, DC, on June 29, 2023. \u003ccite>(Kent Nishimura / Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These places include the University of California, which \u003ca href=\"https://edsource.org/2023/university-of-california-looks-to-share-expertise-after-decades-without-affirmative-action/693374\">in 1996, was prohibited from considering race as a factor in admissions\u003c/a> after the state’s voters passed a ballot measure against affirmative action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the Supreme Court’s decision on June 29, UC President Michael Drake wrote that without being able to consider race in the admissions process, institutions would now have to “work much harder to identify and address the root causes of societal inequities that hinder diverse students in pursuing and achieving a higher education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Striking down affirmative action, Liss said, will not only hold back individuals, but society more broadly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have fewer students of color in college, you have fewer students of color in med school and fewer students of color who become doctors … already, we live in a country with some of the highest maternal mortality rates, especially for Black mothers,” Liss said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We live in a country where there are so few CEOs of color, and this only strengthens that — and it only strengthens the pipeline for white students, against the interests of students of color,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>June 30: The Supreme Court strikes down Biden’s student loan forgiveness program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>By ruling against the Biden administration in the case \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/22-506_nmip.pdf\">Biden v. Nebraska\u003c/a>, the Supreme Court effectively \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">killed the White House’s $400 billion plan\u003c/a> to cancel or reduce federal student loan debts for millions of Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 6-3 decision, with conservative justices in the majority, said the Biden administration overstepped its authority with the plan, and it left borrowers on the hook for \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">repayments that are expected to resume in the fall\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s loan forgiveness plan would have canceled up to $20,000 in federal student loans for 43 million people. Of those, 20 million would have had their remaining student debt erased completely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How the student loans case will impact prospective students\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Addressing the practical impact of this decision on student loans, Liss said: “A lot of students like me, and like a lot of other people, won’t go [to college] … or they won’t be able to afford to go.” It was a decision, she said, that would undoubtedly “disproportionately affect people of color and people from other underrepresented backgrounds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those students who would still take on massive student loans to be able to go to college, Liss expressed deep concern about how the decision could change “the shape of their lives” on account of the sheer amount of debt they’d undertake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When thinking about the professions that many graduates now wouldn’t feel able to embark upon — “students who might be future doctors or lawyers or legislators” — because they couldn’t afford to, Liss said it was “really f—— sad.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My education has been not just like a door for me, but a door for my whole family,” Liss said. “And it’s like, just slamming that door shut in people’s faces.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s the future of student loan forgiveness after this ruling?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to the Supreme Court’s decision, Biden vowed to push ahead with a new plan to provide student loan relief for millions of borrowers, while blaming Republican “hypocrisy” for triggering the decision that wiped out his original plan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you have student loans,\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\"> payment requirements for student loans will resume in October\u003c/a>. But Biden said that in the coming weeks, he’ll work under the authority of the Higher Education Act to begin a new program designed to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">ease borrowers’ threat of default\u003c/a> if they fall behind over the next year. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loan-new-proposal-biden-b74e9dd2b535c97a7ce0f43b600fa28b\">Read more about the White House’s plans for student debt forgiveness after the Supreme Court ruling\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s SAVE Plan, framed as “a student loan safety net,” would also allow millions of Americans with student loans to enroll in a new repayment plan that offers some of the most lenient terms ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest won’t pile up as long as borrowers make regular payments. Millions of people will have monthly payments reduced to $0. And in as little as 10 years, any remaining debt will be canceled. The Education Department says the SAVE Plan will be available to all borrowers in the Direct Loan Program who are in good standing on their loans, and that borrowers will be notified when the new application process launches this summer. \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/student-loans-debt-college-cancellation-forgiveness-34152bb5000128a413efd2287887a37a\">Read more about the SAVE Plan.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, more than 800,000 federal student loan borrowers will still have their student loan debts automatically erased, independent of the Supreme Court’s recent decision — as part of a one-time “account adjustment” for those borrowers specifically impacted by \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/19/1093310151/student-loans-income-based-repayment\">the White House’s controversial income-driven repayment (IDR) plans\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This targeted student loan forgiveness is the result of the Biden administration’s 2022 pledge to help these borrowers after multiple complaints, lawsuits and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/04/01/1089750113/student-loan-debt-investigation\">an NPR investigation into IDR plans\u003c/a> into mismanagement by the department and loan servicers. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/07/14/1187660793/student-loan-forgiveness-income-driven-repayment\">Read more about student loan forgiveness for these borrowers around IDR plans.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Answering more questions about the Supreme Court\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why it’s important to engage with Supreme Court rulings — even when the content is painful\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris issued a general urge for audiences to read and educate themselves about Supreme Court cases by finding and downloading them online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>“They’re daunting at first,” he acknowledged. “But you get used to them as you read them” — adding that people shouldn’t worry if they want to “skip the boring parts and kind of get to the guts.” Eventually, Harris said, their Supreme Court-reading “muscle” will develop and they’ll “get the feel for what these things are like.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why \u003cem>should \u003c/em>you read Supreme Court cases for yourself?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we just leave these issues to people like us — lawyers, professors — that’s you sort of giving away your birthright,” Harris warned. “This is part of the country. This is part of our charter of government. These people — these nine people, these lawyers in robes — are making a lot of decisions that affect all of us very personally — and our country and how it operates.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incumbent upon all of us as Americans,” Harris urged, “to engage with it — as difficult as it is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Could the Supreme Court be changed?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With these recent rulings on affirmative action, student loan forgiveness, discrimination against LGBTQ+ people and the constitutional right to an abortion, the Supreme Court’s conservative supermajority has led many to question what’s even possible in terms of reforming the Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could there, hypothetically, be another court \u003cem>above \u003c/em>the Supreme Court?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The answer is no,” Harris confirmed. “The Constitution only provides for one court, which is the Supreme Court. It doesn’t say how many justices have to be in it, but it’s just one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Harris was nonetheless keen to provide context and perspective for how the Supreme Court’s rulings have, historically, “changed over time” depending on the composition of its justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This hasn’t been a steady march towards equality,” he said. “It’s like a sine wave. It’s gone up and down — and up and down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key focus of reform advocates has been the term limits of Supreme Court justices. On June 30, California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) reintroduced the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a>, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt. Khanna’s bill aims to enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship” in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11955326/supreme-court-reform-would-ro-khannas-term-limit-proposal-work\">Read more about how Khanna’s bill would work, and its potential chances of success.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955722\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955722\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg\" alt='People hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now!\" in front of the columned facade of the supreme court.' width=\"2000\" height=\"1302\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-800x521.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1020x664.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1536x1000.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/230714-SUPREME-COURT-STUDENT-DEBT-Getty-KD-KQED-1920x1250.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Student debt relief activists participate in a rally at the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Does the Supreme Court care about public opinion?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From Dobbs in 2022 to affirmative action last month, the Court’s recent rulings have drawn sharp criticism and spurred many public protests. Does this dissent have an impact on the justices?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perhaps, Harris said — who noted that throughout its history, the Supreme Court has been “very mindful of its legitimacy — and its jealously guards it because it’s all it has.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unlike \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/about-the-white-house/our-government/the-executive-branch/\">the executive branch\u003c/a> of the United States government, which includes the military, the Supreme Court “doesn’t have an army to enforce its rules and its rulings,” Harris stressed. So amid the absence of that ability to enforce its rules, “what they have is legitimacy — that when they speak, everyone up to and including the President of the United States and the military [says] ‘OK, the court has spoken.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If that accord was to ever go away, Harris said, “That’s how you get what’s called a constitutional crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Matthew Coles of the conservative justices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the last days of June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954612/u-s-supreme-court-strikes-down-affirmative-action-barring-california-private-universities-from-considering-race-in-admissions\">the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action\u003c/a>, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans\u003c/a>. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective college students and the 43 million Americans with federal student loans — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series explaining this summer’s Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how these rulings will affect you — and what can be done now. This explainer focuses on the case 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis — which saw the court rule in favor of a web designer who refused to make wedding websites for gay couples — and what it could mean for discrimination against LGBTQ+ folks in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED gathered legal and judicial insight on this ruling at a panel hosted at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. On this panel were:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/courtney-j-liss\">Courtney Liss\u003c/a>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/Harris-Cody\">Cody Harris\u003c/a>, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uchastings.edu/people/matt-coles/\">Matthew Coles\u003c/a>, professor of practice at UC Law San Francisco (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>What was the Supreme Court’s decision about LGBTQ+ discrimination?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a defeat for gay rights, the Supreme Court’s conservative majority ruled in 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis that a Christian graphic artist who designs wedding websites can refuse to work with same-sex couples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">\u003cstrong>Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor, one of the court’s liberal justices, wrote in a dissent that the decision’s effect is to “mark gays and lesbians for second-class status” and that the ruling opens the door to further discrimination. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1182121291/colorado-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-decision\">Read more about the case from NPR\u003c/a> or read \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">the Supreme Court’s ruling (PDF)\u003c/a> for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will change for queer people in the US after this case?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This ruling has opened the door for LGBTQ+ people to be discriminated against when requesting services from certain professionals, says UC Law San Francisco’s Coles, specifically in situations involving the use of words or the creation of images and films.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">framed her website services as “expressive in nature” (PDF)\u003c/a> because she designed them to be customized, original and intended “to communicate a particular message.” Consequently, other professionals operating what could be termed an “expressive business” could use this ruling to deny service to LGBTQ+ people as well.[aside label='Unpacking the Recent Supreme Court Decisions' tag='explaining-the-supreme-court']Coles’ advice to folks in the community? “Find out in advance whether this business has said that it doesn’t want to serve [queer people],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practically, the website case now means that someone like Lorie Smith, the Colorado graphic designer, can refuse service to LGBTQ+ folks “without fear of government sanction on them,” said Harris of Keker, Van Nest and Peters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris adds that hate speech laws as most people think of them — those that would make it a crime to say something hateful — don’t really exist. Hate speech is “awful and odious, and it makes me angry,” he said, “but it’s constitutional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How was this case even won?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lorie Smith, the web designer involved in the case, was challenging her home state of Colorado’s public accommodations law — the type of law that, in most states, bars discrimination based on sexual orientation. Her claim was that the state was unconstitutionally forcing her to create a message she opposes because she can’t deny service to same-sex couples. The Supreme Court sided with Smith, ruling that forcing her to create websites for queer couples would violate her free speech rights under the Constitution’s First Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith should have lost her case on several fronts, said Coles — just one being that her website work “is commercial speech,” and not personal expression (free speech), because Smith “was being paid to write words for somebody else.” And it’s well-established, says Coles, that commercial speech is not as protected as other forms of speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ignored this analysis of the First Amendment in its ruling, says Coles. A majority of the justices, he adds, believe that if Smith created websites for same-sex couples, she would be forced to use words to celebrate things she does not want to celebrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/supreme-court-web-designer-fake-case-b2370226.html\">lingering questions over the legitimacy of this case\u003c/a> — namely, whether the web designer in question had ever really been asked to design a site for a gay wedding — Coles said he didn’t think it’s “a fake case.” The real question, he said, is whether the designer has taken steps to “start working on websites or not — and the answer is yes. She made a pretty decent showing in the court that she’d done a lot of research. She had models together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notions of this being a “fake case” get away from the point, says Liss, of Van Nest and Peters. She stresses that this case is “an important door,” one that this court has chosen to open and go through by taking up the case in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955692\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/GettyImages-972695008-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A rainbow flag hangs over a government building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco-based attorney Courtney Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices. ‘I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,’ she said. \u003ccite>(JasonDoiy/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What could the long-term ramifications of this case be?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Coles says that what surprised him about the Supreme Court’s decision was that it did not draw upon the clause in the Constitution that protects people’s right to practice their religion. Instead, the ruling draws upon the free speech clause, “because [Lorie Smith] was involved in expressive conduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coles believes that the Court’s conservative justices disagree on how to interpret the free exercise-of-religion clause. But he cautions that there may come a day when the conservative justices privilege religious exemptions in their rulings. “And that religious exception to nondiscrimination laws is not going to be limited to expressive businesses,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Run through the list of everything that we’ve managed to cover with our civil rights laws,” Coles said, referring to protections for race, religion, gender and disability. By itself, he said, 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis is “not going to completely eviscerate discrimination laws,” but he believes it “portends something in the future, which is a good deal worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can you voice your opposition to this ruling?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court’s recent raft of rulings against LGBTQ+ rights, affirmative action and student loan forgiveness has drawn vehement criticism sharply focused on the Court’s conservative supermajority. For example, in speaking out against the student loan decision, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">U.S Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.) called the body a “corrupt, right-wing court.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of the court’s rulings has also come from within, with Justice Sonia Sotomayor saying that the website designer ruling saw the Supreme Court “taking steps backward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is a sad day in American constitutional law and in the lives of LGBT people,” she added. “The immediate, symbolic effect of the decision is to mark gays and lesbians for second-class status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='More Guides from KQED' tag='kqed-guides']Coles notes that at the end of the student loan decision, Justice Elena Kagan’s dissent features a “very pointed dialogue” that strongly criticizes the Supreme Court for what she sees as violations of the separation of powers in their ruling — and that Justice John Roberts’ reply bristles at the suggestion that the court is not legitimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s a wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Coles of the conservative justices. “It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liss urged people to “call your congresspeople and your other elected representatives” to express that, if so. You might also feel like this “legitimacy crisis” is sharpened, she says, by “\u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/clarence-thomas-scotus-undisclosed-luxury-travel-gifts-crow\">the lack of standards that the Supreme Court holds themselves to in terms of accepting gifts\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On an everyday scale, Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,” said Liss. “I don’t want to give a single dollar to someone who wouldn’t be excited to take my very gay dollar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[hearken id=\"10483\" src=\"https://modules.wearehearken.com/kqed/embed/10483.js\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "What protections do LGBTQ+ people have in the US against discrimination after the latest Supreme Court ruling? The answers — and what to do about them — are in our guide.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the last days of June, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954612/u-s-supreme-court-strikes-down-affirmative-action-barring-california-private-universities-from-considering-race-in-admissions\">the Supreme Court struck down affirmative action\u003c/a>, opened the door to LGBTQ+ discrimination and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">outlawed the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loans\u003c/a>. These are monumental rulings that directly affect people of color, queer folks, prospective college students and the 43 million Americans with federal student loans — leaving many devastated and fearful for the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/explaining-the-supreme-court\">our series explaining this summer’s Supreme Court decisions\u003c/a>, we’re unpacking how these rulings will affect you — and what can be done now. This explainer focuses on the case 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis — which saw the court rule in favor of a web designer who refused to make wedding websites for gay couples — and what it could mean for discrimination against LGBTQ+ folks in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED gathered legal and judicial insight on this ruling at a panel hosted at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. On this panel were:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/courtney-j-liss\">Courtney Liss\u003c/a>, associate at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.keker.com/Lawyers/Harris-Cody\">Cody Harris\u003c/a>, partner at Keker, Van Nest and Peters\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.uchastings.edu/people/matt-coles/\">Matthew Coles\u003c/a>, professor of practice at UC Law San Francisco (formerly UC Hastings)\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>What was the Supreme Court’s decision about LGBTQ+ discrimination?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In a defeat for gay rights, the Supreme Court’s conservative majority ruled in 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis that a Christian graphic artist who designs wedding websites can refuse to work with same-sex couples.\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tellus\">\u003cstrong>Tell us: What else do you need information about right now?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Justice Sonia Sotomayor, one of the court’s liberal justices, wrote in a dissent that the decision’s effect is to “mark gays and lesbians for second-class status” and that the ruling opens the door to further discrimination. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2023/06/30/1182121291/colorado-supreme-court-same-sex-marriage-decision\">Read more about the case from NPR\u003c/a> or read \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">the Supreme Court’s ruling (PDF)\u003c/a> for yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What will change for queer people in the US after this case?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This ruling has opened the door for LGBTQ+ people to be discriminated against when requesting services from certain professionals, says UC Law San Francisco’s Coles, specifically in situations involving the use of words or the creation of images and films.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Smith \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/22pdf/21-476_c185.pdf\">framed her website services as “expressive in nature” (PDF)\u003c/a> because she designed them to be customized, original and intended “to communicate a particular message.” Consequently, other professionals operating what could be termed an “expressive business” could use this ruling to deny service to LGBTQ+ people as well.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Coles’ advice to folks in the community? “Find out in advance whether this business has said that it doesn’t want to serve [queer people],” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Practically, the website case now means that someone like Lorie Smith, the Colorado graphic designer, can refuse service to LGBTQ+ folks “without fear of government sanction on them,” said Harris of Keker, Van Nest and Peters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harris adds that hate speech laws as most people think of them — those that would make it a crime to say something hateful — don’t really exist. Hate speech is “awful and odious, and it makes me angry,” he said, “but it’s constitutional.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How was this case even won?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Lorie Smith, the web designer involved in the case, was challenging her home state of Colorado’s public accommodations law — the type of law that, in most states, bars discrimination based on sexual orientation. Her claim was that the state was unconstitutionally forcing her to create a message she opposes because she can’t deny service to same-sex couples. The Supreme Court sided with Smith, ruling that forcing her to create websites for queer couples would violate her free speech rights under the Constitution’s First Amendment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Smith should have lost her case on several fronts, said Coles — just one being that her website work “is commercial speech,” and not personal expression (free speech), because Smith “was being paid to write words for somebody else.” And it’s well-established, says Coles, that commercial speech is not as protected as other forms of speech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ignored this analysis of the First Amendment in its ruling, says Coles. A majority of the justices, he adds, believe that if Smith created websites for same-sex couples, she would be forced to use words to celebrate things she does not want to celebrate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Responding to \u003ca href=\"https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/supreme-court-web-designer-fake-case-b2370226.html\">lingering questions over the legitimacy of this case\u003c/a> — namely, whether the web designer in question had ever really been asked to design a site for a gay wedding — Coles said he didn’t think it’s “a fake case.” The real question, he said, is whether the designer has taken steps to “start working on websites or not — and the answer is yes. She made a pretty decent showing in the court that she’d done a lot of research. She had models together.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Notions of this being a “fake case” get away from the point, says Liss, of Van Nest and Peters. She stresses that this case is “an important door,” one that this court has chosen to open and go through by taking up the case in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2560px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955692\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/GettyImages-972695008-scaled.jpg\" alt=\"A rainbow flag hangs over a government building.\" width=\"2560\" height=\"1707\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco-based attorney Courtney Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices. ‘I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,’ she said. \u003ccite>(JasonDoiy/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What could the long-term ramifications of this case be?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Coles says that what surprised him about the Supreme Court’s decision was that it did not draw upon the clause in the Constitution that protects people’s right to practice their religion. Instead, the ruling draws upon the free speech clause, “because [Lorie Smith] was involved in expressive conduct.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coles believes that the Court’s conservative justices disagree on how to interpret the free exercise-of-religion clause. But he cautions that there may come a day when the conservative justices privilege religious exemptions in their rulings. “And that religious exception to nondiscrimination laws is not going to be limited to expressive businesses,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Run through the list of everything that we’ve managed to cover with our civil rights laws,” Coles said, referring to protections for race, religion, gender and disability. By itself, he said, 303 Creative LLC v. Elenis is “not going to completely eviscerate discrimination laws,” but he believes it “portends something in the future, which is a good deal worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How can you voice your opposition to this ruling?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Supreme Court’s recent raft of rulings against LGBTQ+ rights, affirmative action and student loan forgiveness has drawn vehement criticism sharply focused on the Court’s conservative supermajority. For example, in speaking out against the student loan decision, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">U.S Rep. Barbara Lee (D-Calif.) called the body a “corrupt, right-wing court.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Criticism of the court’s rulings has also come from within, with Justice Sonia Sotomayor saying that the website designer ruling saw the Supreme Court “taking steps backward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Today is a sad day in American constitutional law and in the lives of LGBT people,” she added. “The immediate, symbolic effect of the decision is to mark gays and lesbians for second-class status.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Coles notes that at the end of the student loan decision, Justice Elena Kagan’s dissent features a “very pointed dialogue” that strongly criticizes the Supreme Court for what she sees as violations of the separation of powers in their ruling — and that Justice John Roberts’ reply bristles at the suggestion that the court is not legitimate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So I think they’re beginning to get sensitive to the notion that there’s a wide, ever-growing public belief that some of what they’re doing is not legitimate,” said Coles of the conservative justices. “It’s really important if you think what they’re doing is not legitimate, to keep voicing that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Liss urged people to “call your congresspeople and your other elected representatives” to express that, if so. You might also feel like this “legitimacy crisis” is sharpened, she says, by “\u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/clarence-thomas-scotus-undisclosed-luxury-travel-gifts-crow\">the lack of standards that the Supreme Court holds themselves to in terms of accepting gifts\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On an everyday scale, Liss advises businesses to make it very clear that they \u003cem>do\u003c/em> want to provide services to LGBTQ+ communities, with signs and clear website notices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I personally do not want to go anywhere where I’m not welcome,” said Liss. “I don’t want to give a single dollar to someone who wouldn’t be excited to take my very gay dollar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story contains reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tellus\">\u003c/a>Tell us: What else do you need information about?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>At KQED News, we know that it can sometimes be hard to track down the answers to navigate life in the Bay Area in 2023. We’ve published \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/coronavirus-resources-and-explainers\">clear, practical explainers and guides about COVID\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11936674/how-to-prepare-for-this-weeks-atmospheric-river-storm-sandbags-emergency-kits-and-more\">how to cope with intense winter weather\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11821950/how-to-safely-attend-a-protest-in-the-bay-area\">how to exercise your right to protest safely\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So tell us: What do you need to know more about? Tell us, and you could see your question answered online or on social media. What you submit will make our reporting stronger, and help us decide what to cover here on our site, and on KQED Public Radio, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Ro Khanna's Term Limit Proposal: Would It Reform the Supreme Court?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Controversial decisions by the Supreme Court in late June have dealt a blow to programs aimed at increasing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954709/timeline-a-heated-history-of-affirmative-action-in-america\">racial diversity in college admissions\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954743/supreme-court-rules-in-favor-of-christian-web-designer-who-denies-lgbtq-clients\">LGBTQ+ rights\u003c/a> and the ability of 43 million Americans to get some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">relief from their student loan debt\u003c/a> — all a year after the high court overturned Roe v. Wade, eliminating the constitutional right to an abortion in the United States and leading to a flood of abortion restrictions and bans across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent slew of decisions prompted a wave of criticism from liberals and supporters of diversity in higher education and the workplace — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1689028990768007&usg=AOvVaw0G7lqsvIXKTHU-9HKW4UiH\">Representative Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), who called the Supreme Court a “corrupt, right-wing court”\u003c/a> — and reignited long-standing calls for reforming the judicial branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) led the call by reintroducing the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a> on June 30, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking aim at the current lifetime tenure of Supreme Court justices, Khanna’s bill aims to \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship”\u003c/a> in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, congressional reforms to the Supreme Court — called \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">the least accountable branch of the United States’ government\u003c/a> by nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/\">advocacy group Fix the Court\u003c/a> — is an uphill climb, given Republican control of the House and the reluctance of even some Democrats (and independents like Sen. Kyrsten Sinema) to tamper with Supreme Court policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about Khanna’s bill, its possible chances of success and what to know about reforming the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why don’t Supreme Court justices have term limits? Do other countries do this?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Constitution says that Supreme Court justices “shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour,” meaning they have a lifetime tenure “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=How%20long%20is%20the%20term,removed%20from%20office%20by%20impeachment.\">as long as they choose and can only be removed from office by impeachment\u003c/a>.” For example, former Justice Stephen G. Breyer retired at 83 last June, and had been on the Supreme Court since 1994. Ruth Bader Ginberg died at 87 in 2020, after serving for 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is all \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-3/#:~:text=Article%20III%20Judicial%20Branch&text=The%20judicial%20Power%20of%20the,to%20time%20ordain%20and%20establish.\">according to Article III of the U.S. Constitution\u003c/a>. And in drafting the Constitution, the framers harkened back to experiences with England and erratic decision-making from monarchs — according to Gabe Roth, executive director of Fix the Court, which \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">advocates for non-ideological “fixes” that would make the Supreme Court more accountable\u003c/a>. (Roth says he’s discussed the term limits bill with Khanna for years, and was part of the recent reintroduction announcement.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth explains that in the late 1700s, King George III himself was firing judges in United States colonies — which prompted state courts to write their own constitutions to say judges can hold their offices during good behavior. This line was then adopted in the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. is really different from other countries,” said Roth, “because our Constitution is so old, and it traces its roots to the 1700s.” The roots of our current Supreme Court situation lie, says Roth, with government dysfunction in England and this growing conflict between King George and the colonies. “And that’s — to me — not a great reason to maintain the practice of life tenure,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth notes that “most countries have a mandatory retirement age or a retention election or a term limit or some combination thereof.” For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.brazilcounsel.com/blog/the-supreme-court-of-brazil#:~:text=Once%20appointed%2C%20Supreme%20Court%20justices,themselves%20to%20represent%20the%20court.\">the retirement age in Brazil\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scc-csc.ca/contact/faq/qa-qr-eng.aspx#:~:text=A%20Judge%20holds%20office%20during,Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Commons.\">Canada\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.jcpc.uk/news/new-appointments-to-the-uks-top-appeal-court-2022.html#:~:text=Following%20the%20increase%20of%20the,re%2Dappointed%20as%20a%20Justice.\">the United Kingdom\u003c/a> is 75. In \u003ca href=\"https://collections.concourt.org.za/bitstream/handle/20.500.12144/3644/Third%20Amicus%20Curiae%20Heads%20of%20Argument-17086.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y#:~:text=The%20words%20%E2%80%9CA%20Constitutional%20Court,or%20until%20they%20reach%2070\">South Africa (PDF)\u003c/a>, it’s 70. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/EN/Das-Gericht/Organisation/organisation_node.html#:~:text=A%20Justice's%20term%20of%20office,may%20not%20be%20re%2Delected.\">in Germany, it is 68 years old\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other democracies have reflections of increased life expectancy in the modern age and accumulation of power by judges, and needed ways to reduce those things by instituting term limits or mandatory retirement ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast to the Supreme Court, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Length_of_terms_of_state_supreme_court_justices\">almost all U.S. states have a mandatory retirement age\u003c/a> or retention election or term limit for its state court judges. “So the U.S. is not only an outlier globally — it’s an outlier within the various systems of the judiciary that are set up within the [U.S.],” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955166\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955166\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg\" alt=\"Opposing protestors clash at a rally about the Supreme Court's ruling on affirmative action. One side of demonstrators hold signs that read, "Stop Discriminating on the Basis of Race," while others hold signs that read, "Diversity Opportunity Justice."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters for and against affirmative action rally on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, on June 29. In a decision that split its conservative and liberal justices, the Supreme Court ruled that race-conscious admissions programs at Harvard University and the University of North Carolina were unconstitutional, setting a precedent for admissions at other universities and colleges. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>So, can a Supreme Court justice be impeached?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes — but \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=The%20only%20Justice%20to%20be,Have%20there%20always%20been%20nine%3F\">only one justice has ever been impeached\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1805, the justice in question, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/us-v-samuel-chase-answer-samuel-chase-1805\">Samuel Chase, was under fire for partisan leanings\u003c/a> but was acquitted by the Senate. So he was never removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, in 1965, Abe Fortas was a justice appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. In the following years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/justices/abe_fortas\">Fortas was accused of accepting money\u003c/a> from a financier and resigned in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impeaching a Supreme Court justice, said Roth, is “the same process as impeaching and removing a president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a majority of the House to impeach, which is like an indictment, essentially. And you need two-thirds of the Senate to vote to remove,” Roth explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lower court judges have been removed via impeachment for things like taking bribes or acting erratically in the courtroom,” he said. “But just given how partisan our country and our House and Senate are, I think it would be very difficult in the Senate … to get 67 senators to agree on anything, let alone removing a Supreme Court justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that Supreme Court justices are going to leave the court, I think it’s going to be mostly death or retirement and old age,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is on the Supreme Court now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/biographies.aspx\">There are nine justices on the Supreme Court\u003c/a>, most of whom were appointed by Republican presidents — one from George H.W. Bush, two from George W. Bush and three from Donald Trump. These justices are, in order of appointment, John Roberts, Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett and Ketanji Brown Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Court recently has also been facing controversies outside of its recent rulings. \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/series/supreme-court-scotus\">A series of investigations from ProPublica\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, non-partisan news organization, found conflicts of interest among several conservative justices who took lavish gifts from conservative activist donors. The articles specifically highlighted Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does Rep. Khanna’s bill propose for the Supreme Court?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rep. Ro Khanna’s bill aims to enact \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">18-year terms on the Supreme Court justices to “restore judicial independence”\u003c/a> — after which justices could then continue their work on lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going forward, the bill would create a regular process to allow presidents to nominate a new justice to the Supreme Court every odd year — so two justices per four-year term,” Rep. Khanna said in \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">a release explaining a past iteration of the bill\u003c/a>. “Justices would no longer have an incentive to strategize and plan their retirements around whichever party holds the White House. The goal of this bill is to restore judicial independence and ensure that justices are not too far out of step with the current generation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Founding Fathers intended for lifetime appointments to ensure impartiality,” Khanna said “The decision today (on student loans) demonstrates how justices have become partisan and out of step with the American public.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/RepRoKhanna/status/1676681160049532930\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For many Americans, the Supreme Court is a distant, secretive, unelected body that can make drastic changes in their lives without any accountability,” said co-sponsor Virginia Rep. Don Beyer. “I have long supported reforming the Supreme Court to limit terms to end lifetime tenures and ensure the court remains a fair and impartial arbiter of justice. Our bill would achieve this and help restore balance to a heavily politicized court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a release, \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">Khanna said he was not worried about the 18-year limits further politicizing the court\u003c/a>, as some opponents claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The regular appointment process will help judges rotate more frequently instead of justices waiting to retire based on which party controls the White House and holds a Senate majority,” he said. “Confirmation hearings will also become an expected and regular part of the process instead of a life-and-death partisan fight that only further erodes the public’s trust in the court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fix the Court’s Roth says 18 years is a standard number referenced and debated among law experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have nine justices and new justices added every Congress, every two years. Nine times two is 18,” he explained, saying the 18-year plan became more popular during the recent 11-year period that saw no justice turnover from 1994 to 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there support for this kind of Supreme Court reform?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist national poll from April shows \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/medication-abortions-and-the-u-s-supreme-court/\">68% of Americans support term limits for Supreme Court justices\u003c/a>. In fact, a majority of Republicans, Independents and Democrats who responded to the poll all agreed that there should be term limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Khanna’s bill is supported by mostly Democrats, like California Rep. Rep. Barbara Lee and Michigan Rep. Rashida Tlaib. But term limits or some kind of Court reform have been a Republican talking point in the recent past, Roth said, citing essays written by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/the-most-dangerous-branch\">Missouri Sen. Joshua Hawley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/06/ted-cruz-supreme-court-constitutional-amendment/\">Texas Sen. Ted Cruz\u003c/a>. In 2016, then-Republican presidential candidates \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/13/why-its-time-to-get-serious-about-supreme-court-term-limits/\">Ben Carson, Mike Huckabee and Rand Paul also endorsed the idea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fast-forward nine years and now it’s only Democrats talking about term limits,” said Roth. “It’s interesting how the issue has been sort of flipped on its head from a partisan perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) this is an apolitical reform. There is no partisan balance to an 18-year term. It would apply to future justices that are appointed by Democratic presidents and Republican presidents alike.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently the bill is Democrats only, but there’s no reason it can’t be a bipartisan effort,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954754\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11954754\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg\" alt='A group of protesters hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now\" and \"End Student Debt\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters of student debt forgiveness demonstrate outside the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. The court dealt President Joe Biden a significant political setback when it overruled his key program to cancel the student debt of millions of Americans. \u003ccite>(Olivier Douliery/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What are the arguments against SCOTUS term limits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2021, President Joe Biden formed a commission to discuss court reform. The commission was bipartisan and included former federal judges, practitioners and advocates. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/commission-approves-report-on-supreme-court-amid-partisan-differences-11638923592?mod=article_inline\">the commission did not have a consensus or recommendations for the court\u003c/a> in its final report, according to \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/SCOTUS-Report-Final-12.8.21-1.pdf\">Read the entire report here (PDF).\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the commissioners, Adam White, a senior fellow at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/organization/?2006/American-Enterprise-Institute\">conservative think tank The American Enterprise Institute\u003c/a>, said in a statement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/White-Statement.pdf\">term limits were problematic “especially when they are intended to allocate appointments on the calendar of presidential terms” (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By tying Supreme Court vacancies and appointments directly and exclusively to the outcomes of presidential elections, a term-limits framework would further corrode the appearance of judicial neutrality and independence, making the Court a spoil not just of politics, but of presidential politics exclusively,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there a chance of Ro Khanna’s SCOTUS reform proposal actually passing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is the third time Khanna has brought this bill to Congress, introducing it in 2020 and 2021. And experts, like Cody Harris, partner at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters, find it hard to see a bill like this passing — at least right now, in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about the Constitution here. The Constitution can be amended,” Harris said at a recent town hall event focused on the Supreme Court, at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. “It’s been amended plenty of times and 27 times, and it could always be amended further: for good or ill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?height=314&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fwelcometomannys%2Fvideos%2F831600378368776%2F&show_text=false&width=560&t=5250\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; web-share\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very hard to amend the Constitution,” said Harris — but, he added, it’s “not impossible. And if enough states, enough people in enough states want to change some of this stuff, they can.” (Skip to 1:27:30 in the above Facebook Watch video to see a panel of legal experts, including Harris, debate this issue.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth agrees with that perspective, not expecting Ro Khanna’s bill to advance with a Republican-controlled House at this tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Republicans have said that they don’t want to reform the court, which is (what I) think is a a historical view. There have been Republicans in the past who have wanted to reform the court,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I still think it’s an important marker to put down to say, ‘Look, we shouldn’t have nine individuals with this much power for this long.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "When the Supreme Court struck down Biden's student debt forgiveness program, California Representative Ro Khanna responded by reintroducing a bill that would impose term limits on SCOTUS justices. Does it have a chance?",
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"title": "Supreme Court Reform: Ro Khanna's Term Limit Plan | KQED",
"description": "Examine Ro Khanna's Supreme Court term limit proposal. Analyze its potential impact on the court's structure and future appointments. Get the details now.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Controversial decisions by the Supreme Court in late June have dealt a blow to programs aimed at increasing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954709/timeline-a-heated-history-of-affirmative-action-in-america\">racial diversity in college admissions\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954743/supreme-court-rules-in-favor-of-christian-web-designer-who-denies-lgbtq-clients\">LGBTQ+ rights\u003c/a> and the ability of 43 million Americans to get some \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you\">relief from their student loan debt\u003c/a> — all a year after the high court overturned Roe v. Wade, eliminating the constitutional right to an abortion in the United States and leading to a flood of abortion restrictions and bans across the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The recent slew of decisions prompted a wave of criticism from liberals and supporters of diversity in higher education and the workplace — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.kqed.org/news/11954741/supreme-court-student-loan-decision-how-affects-you&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1689028990768007&usg=AOvVaw0G7lqsvIXKTHU-9HKW4UiH\">Representative Barbara Lee (D-Calif.), who called the Supreme Court a “corrupt, right-wing court”\u003c/a> — and reignited long-standing calls for reforming the judicial branch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California Representative Ro Khanna (D-Fremont) led the call by reintroducing the \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">Supreme Court Term Limits and Regular Appointments Act\u003c/a> on June 30, specifically prompted by the Supreme Court’s decision that blocked the Biden administration’s plan to forgive student loan debt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Taking aim at the current lifetime tenure of Supreme Court justices, Khanna’s bill aims to \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">enact 18-year term limits for the justices and to “stop extreme partisanship”\u003c/a> in a court he described as “regressive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, congressional reforms to the Supreme Court — called \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">the least accountable branch of the United States’ government\u003c/a> by nonpartisan \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/\">advocacy group Fix the Court\u003c/a> — is an uphill climb, given Republican control of the House and the reluctance of even some Democrats (and independents like Sen. Kyrsten Sinema) to tamper with Supreme Court policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep reading for what to know about Khanna’s bill, its possible chances of success and what to know about reforming the Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why don’t Supreme Court justices have term limits? Do other countries do this?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Constitution says that Supreme Court justices “shall hold their Offices during good Behaviour,” meaning they have a lifetime tenure “\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=How%20long%20is%20the%20term,removed%20from%20office%20by%20impeachment.\">as long as they choose and can only be removed from office by impeachment\u003c/a>.” For example, former Justice Stephen G. Breyer retired at 83 last June, and had been on the Supreme Court since 1994. Ruth Bader Ginberg died at 87 in 2020, after serving for 27 years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is all \u003ca href=\"https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/article-3/#:~:text=Article%20III%20Judicial%20Branch&text=The%20judicial%20Power%20of%20the,to%20time%20ordain%20and%20establish.\">according to Article III of the U.S. Constitution\u003c/a>. And in drafting the Constitution, the framers harkened back to experiences with England and erratic decision-making from monarchs — according to Gabe Roth, executive director of Fix the Court, which \u003ca href=\"https://fixthecourt.com/about-us/\">advocates for non-ideological “fixes” that would make the Supreme Court more accountable\u003c/a>. (Roth says he’s discussed the term limits bill with Khanna for years, and was part of the recent reintroduction announcement.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth explains that in the late 1700s, King George III himself was firing judges in United States colonies — which prompted state courts to write their own constitutions to say judges can hold their offices during good behavior. This line was then adopted in the U.S. Constitution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The U.S. is really different from other countries,” said Roth, “because our Constitution is so old, and it traces its roots to the 1700s.” The roots of our current Supreme Court situation lie, says Roth, with government dysfunction in England and this growing conflict between King George and the colonies. “And that’s — to me — not a great reason to maintain the practice of life tenure,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth notes that “most countries have a mandatory retirement age or a retention election or a term limit or some combination thereof.” For example, \u003ca href=\"https://www.brazilcounsel.com/blog/the-supreme-court-of-brazil#:~:text=Once%20appointed%2C%20Supreme%20Court%20justices,themselves%20to%20represent%20the%20court.\">the retirement age in Brazil\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.scc-csc.ca/contact/faq/qa-qr-eng.aspx#:~:text=A%20Judge%20holds%20office%20during,Senate%20and%20House%20of%20Commons.\">Canada\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.jcpc.uk/news/new-appointments-to-the-uks-top-appeal-court-2022.html#:~:text=Following%20the%20increase%20of%20the,re%2Dappointed%20as%20a%20Justice.\">the United Kingdom\u003c/a> is 75. In \u003ca href=\"https://collections.concourt.org.za/bitstream/handle/20.500.12144/3644/Third%20Amicus%20Curiae%20Heads%20of%20Argument-17086.pdf?sequence=12&isAllowed=y#:~:text=The%20words%20%E2%80%9CA%20Constitutional%20Court,or%20until%20they%20reach%2070\">South Africa (PDF)\u003c/a>, it’s 70. And \u003ca href=\"https://www.bundesverfassungsgericht.de/EN/Das-Gericht/Organisation/organisation_node.html#:~:text=A%20Justice's%20term%20of%20office,may%20not%20be%20re%2Delected.\">in Germany, it is 68 years old\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other democracies have reflections of increased life expectancy in the modern age and accumulation of power by judges, and needed ways to reduce those things by instituting term limits or mandatory retirement ages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In contrast to the Supreme Court, \u003ca href=\"https://ballotpedia.org/Length_of_terms_of_state_supreme_court_justices\">almost all U.S. states have a mandatory retirement age\u003c/a> or retention election or term limit for its state court judges. “So the U.S. is not only an outlier globally — it’s an outlier within the various systems of the judiciary that are set up within the [U.S.],” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11955166\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11955166\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg\" alt=\"Opposing protestors clash at a rally about the Supreme Court's ruling on affirmative action. One side of demonstrators hold signs that read, "Stop Discriminating on the Basis of Race," while others hold signs that read, "Diversity Opportunity Justice."\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1279\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/07/AffirmativeActionRally01-1536x1023.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Protesters for and against affirmative action rally on Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, on June 29. In a decision that split its conservative and liberal justices, the Supreme Court ruled that race-conscious admissions programs at Harvard University and the University of North Carolina were unconstitutional, setting a precedent for admissions at other universities and colleges. \u003ccite>(Anna Moneymaker/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>So, can a Supreme Court justice be impeached?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Yes — but \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/faq_general.aspx#:~:text=The%20only%20Justice%20to%20be,Have%20there%20always%20been%20nine%3F\">only one justice has ever been impeached\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1805, the justice in question, \u003ca href=\"https://www.visitthecapitol.gov/artifact/us-v-samuel-chase-answer-samuel-chase-1805\">Samuel Chase, was under fire for partisan leanings\u003c/a> but was acquitted by the Senate. So he was never removed from office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More recently, in 1965, Abe Fortas was a justice appointed by President Lyndon B. Johnson. In the following years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.oyez.org/justices/abe_fortas\">Fortas was accused of accepting money\u003c/a> from a financier and resigned in 1969.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Impeaching a Supreme Court justice, said Roth, is “the same process as impeaching and removing a president.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need a majority of the House to impeach, which is like an indictment, essentially. And you need two-thirds of the Senate to vote to remove,” Roth explained.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The lower court judges have been removed via impeachment for things like taking bribes or acting erratically in the courtroom,” he said. “But just given how partisan our country and our House and Senate are, I think it would be very difficult in the Senate … to get 67 senators to agree on anything, let alone removing a Supreme Court justice.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way that Supreme Court justices are going to leave the court, I think it’s going to be mostly death or retirement and old age,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Who is on the Supreme Court now?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/about/biographies.aspx\">There are nine justices on the Supreme Court\u003c/a>, most of whom were appointed by Republican presidents — one from George H.W. Bush, two from George W. Bush and three from Donald Trump. These justices are, in order of appointment, John Roberts, Clarence Thomas, Samuel Alito, Sonia Sotomayor, Elena Kagan, Neil Gorsuch, Brett Kavanaugh, Amy Coney Barrett and Ketanji Brown Jackson.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Court recently has also been facing controversies outside of its recent rulings. \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/series/supreme-court-scotus\">A series of investigations from ProPublica\u003c/a>, a nonprofit, non-partisan news organization, found conflicts of interest among several conservative justices who took lavish gifts from conservative activist donors. The articles specifically highlighted Clarence Thomas and Samuel Alito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What does Rep. Khanna’s bill propose for the Supreme Court?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Rep. Ro Khanna’s bill aims to enact \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/press-releases/khanna-and-beyer-reintroduce-scotus-term-limits-bill-following-court-blocking\">18-year terms on the Supreme Court justices to “restore judicial independence”\u003c/a> — after which justices could then continue their work on lower courts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Going forward, the bill would create a regular process to allow presidents to nominate a new justice to the Supreme Court every odd year — so two justices per four-year term,” Rep. Khanna said in \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">a release explaining a past iteration of the bill\u003c/a>. “Justices would no longer have an incentive to strategize and plan their retirements around whichever party holds the White House. The goal of this bill is to restore judicial independence and ensure that justices are not too far out of step with the current generation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our Founding Fathers intended for lifetime appointments to ensure impartiality,” Khanna said “The decision today (on student loans) demonstrates how justices have become partisan and out of step with the American public.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>“For many Americans, the Supreme Court is a distant, secretive, unelected body that can make drastic changes in their lives without any accountability,” said co-sponsor Virginia Rep. Don Beyer. “I have long supported reforming the Supreme Court to limit terms to end lifetime tenures and ensure the court remains a fair and impartial arbiter of justice. Our bill would achieve this and help restore balance to a heavily politicized court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a release, \u003ca href=\"https://khanna.house.gov/media/editorials/rep-ro-khanna-how-term-limits-would-restore-stability-and-impartiality-supreme\">Khanna said he was not worried about the 18-year limits further politicizing the court\u003c/a>, as some opponents claim.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The regular appointment process will help judges rotate more frequently instead of justices waiting to retire based on which party controls the White House and holds a Senate majority,” he said. “Confirmation hearings will also become an expected and regular part of the process instead of a life-and-death partisan fight that only further erodes the public’s trust in the court.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fix the Court’s Roth says 18 years is a standard number referenced and debated among law experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You have nine justices and new justices added every Congress, every two years. Nine times two is 18,” he explained, saying the 18-year plan became more popular during the recent 11-year period that saw no justice turnover from 1994 to 2005.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there support for this kind of Supreme Court reform?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A NPR/PBS NewsHour/Marist national poll from April shows \u003ca href=\"https://maristpoll.marist.edu/polls/medication-abortions-and-the-u-s-supreme-court/\">68% of Americans support term limits for Supreme Court justices\u003c/a>. In fact, a majority of Republicans, Independents and Democrats who responded to the poll all agreed that there should be term limits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, Khanna’s bill is supported by mostly Democrats, like California Rep. Rep. Barbara Lee and Michigan Rep. Rashida Tlaib. But term limits or some kind of Court reform have been a Republican talking point in the recent past, Roth said, citing essays written by \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalaffairs.com/publications/detail/the-most-dangerous-branch\">Missouri Sen. Joshua Hawley\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.nationalreview.com/2015/06/ted-cruz-supreme-court-constitutional-amendment/\">Texas Sen. Ted Cruz\u003c/a>. In 2016, then-Republican presidential candidates \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2016/02/13/why-its-time-to-get-serious-about-supreme-court-term-limits/\">Ben Carson, Mike Huckabee and Rand Paul also endorsed the idea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Fast-forward nine years and now it’s only Democrats talking about term limits,” said Roth. “It’s interesting how the issue has been sort of flipped on its head from a partisan perspective.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) this is an apolitical reform. There is no partisan balance to an 18-year term. It would apply to future justices that are appointed by Democratic presidents and Republican presidents alike.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Currently the bill is Democrats only, but there’s no reason it can’t be a bipartisan effort,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11954754\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11954754\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg\" alt='A group of protesters hold signs reading \"Cancel Student Debt Now\" and \"End Student Debt\"' width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/06/RS66659_GettyImages-1364803352-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Supporters of student debt forgiveness demonstrate outside the US Supreme Court on June 30, 2023, in Washington, DC. The court dealt President Joe Biden a significant political setback when it overruled his key program to cancel the student debt of millions of Americans. \u003ccite>(Olivier Douliery/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>What are the arguments against SCOTUS term limits?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2021, President Joe Biden formed a commission to discuss court reform. The commission was bipartisan and included former federal judges, practitioners and advocates. However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/commission-approves-report-on-supreme-court-amid-partisan-differences-11638923592?mod=article_inline\">the commission did not have a consensus or recommendations for the court\u003c/a> in its final report, according to \u003cem>The Wall Street Journal\u003c/em>. \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/SCOTUS-Report-Final-12.8.21-1.pdf\">Read the entire report here (PDF).\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the commissioners, Adam White, a senior fellow at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.c-span.org/organization/?2006/American-Enterprise-Institute\">conservative think tank The American Enterprise Institute\u003c/a>, said in a statement that \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/White-Statement.pdf\">term limits were problematic “especially when they are intended to allocate appointments on the calendar of presidential terms” (PDF)\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By tying Supreme Court vacancies and appointments directly and exclusively to the outcomes of presidential elections, a term-limits framework would further corrode the appearance of judicial neutrality and independence, making the Court a spoil not just of politics, but of presidential politics exclusively,” he wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Is there a chance of Ro Khanna’s SCOTUS reform proposal actually passing?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>This is the third time Khanna has brought this bill to Congress, introducing it in 2020 and 2021. And experts, like Cody Harris, partner at San Francisco law firm Keker, Van Nest and Peters, find it hard to see a bill like this passing — at least right now, in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re talking about the Constitution here. The Constitution can be amended,” Harris said at a recent town hall event focused on the Supreme Court, at Manny’s, a community space in San Francisco. “It’s been amended plenty of times and 27 times, and it could always be amended further: for good or ill.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https://www.facebook.com/plugins/video.php?height=314&href=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.facebook.com%2Fwelcometomannys%2Fvideos%2F831600378368776%2F&show_text=false&width=560&t=5250\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" style=\"border:none;overflow:hidden\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"true\" allow=\"autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; picture-in-picture; web-share\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s very hard to amend the Constitution,” said Harris — but, he added, it’s “not impossible. And if enough states, enough people in enough states want to change some of this stuff, they can.” (Skip to 1:27:30 in the above Facebook Watch video to see a panel of legal experts, including Harris, debate this issue.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roth agrees with that perspective, not expecting Ro Khanna’s bill to advance with a Republican-controlled House at this tie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Republicans have said that they don’t want to reform the court, which is (what I) think is a a historical view. There have been Republicans in the past who have wanted to reform the court,” Roth said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But I still think it’s an important marker to put down to say, ‘Look, we shouldn’t have nine individuals with this much power for this long.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"id": "american-suburb-podcast",
"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
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},
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},
"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
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"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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},
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},
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},
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},
"californiareport": {
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"tagline": "California, day by day",
"info": "KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/californiareport",
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"order": 8
},
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}
},
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"tagline": "Your state, your stories",
"info": "Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.",
"airtime": "FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm",
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"order": 10
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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}
},
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 9
},
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"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
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"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
"id": "hidden-brain",
"title": "Hidden Brain",
"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain",
"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
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"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"order": 18
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"
}
},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WaitWhat"
},
"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
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