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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Wednesday, November 26, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Santa Cruz County’s surf breaks are free to enjoy, but worth millions. That’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kazu.org/2025-10-03/for-surfers-santa-cruz-waves-are-priceless-a-new-report-gives-them-a-dollar-value\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">one of the findings\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the first report to put a price on the world-renowned surf playground. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Humboldt County recently approved \u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/environment-energy-and-transportation/2025-11-10/one-of-the-most-intriguing-topics-new-green-cemetery-coming-to-humboldt-county\">its first green cemetery.\u003c/a> The model allows bodies to decompose in a more environmentally friendly way.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kazu.org/2025-10-03/for-surfers-santa-cruz-waves-are-priceless-a-new-report-gives-them-a-dollar-value\">\u003cstrong>Report Looks At Surf Industry’s Economic Impact\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz surf breaks are free to enjoy but worth millions. That’s one of the key findings in the \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.savethewaves.org/surfonomics-and-climate-vulnerability-in-santa-cruz-ca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>first report\u003c/u>\u003c/a> to put a dollar value on this world-renowned surf playground. The report identified 30-odd surf spots dotted across Santa Cruz County’s 7-mile stretch of pumping waves. One of them, Cowell’s Beach, is among the busiest, partly because it’s a good place to learn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The faint sweetness of blueberry surf wax drifts through the brisk morning air as Thomas Mendoza preps his shortboard in the parking lot of Cowell’s. Mendoza has surfed all over the world but caught his first wave here. He remembers the feeling from the front of his dad’s longboard when he was about 5 or 6 years old. “When you get your first wave and you stand up on it and you’re riding it in, the feeling is electric,” he said, “and I knew right away I was hooked and I was gonna be hooked for the rest of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz attracts surfers of all levels, but also brings in spectators. In its new report, \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.savethewaves.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>Save the Waves\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, a national surf-advocacy nonprofit based in Santa Cruz, found surfing draws in 800,000 people and $200 million to the area each year. “A lot of people say surfing’s priceless,” said Shaun Burns, a pro surfer who also works at Save the Waves. “Putting a number to it is pretty awesome and pretty groundbreaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the positive. But there are also concerns: the quality and duration of surfable waves is changing with the climate. The 2-year study—dubbed “surfonomics”—found that as sea level rises, sandy beaches will disappear. As a Santa Cruz native, Burns has seen this happen in his lifetime. “Even in the 33 years that I’ve been around, there’s been a wave that has gone extinct,” said Burns. “I grew up boogie boarding a place that no longer breaks just because there’s not enough sand there for the wave to break far enough out to create a rideable wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ArtP-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/environment-energy-and-transportation/2025-11-10/one-of-the-most-intriguing-topics-new-green-cemetery-coming-to-humboldt-county\">\u003cstrong>New Green Cemetery Coming To Humboldt County\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Residents of far Northern California will soon have a new option for their final resting place: Humboldt County’s first green cemetery. The Planning Commission unanimously approved the project recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://sacredfamilygroves.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacred Groves\u003c/a> will create an approximately 44-acre cemetery about a 30-minute drive from Eureka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green burial means interring an unembalmed body in a biodegradable shroud or casket, without a concrete vault or plastic liner, to promote natural decomposition. Michael Furniss, project applicant and executive director of Sacred Groves, said the soil at the site is perfect. “Good organic matter, good percolation characteristics and infiltration, good aggregate stability, rich biota and is highly fertile,” he said. “It’s really an ideal soil, and that really turns me on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://humboldt.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14898793&GUID=BE1239E3-E152-404B-9659-995D4FE5BDE3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a staff report\u003c/a>, the carbon footprint for a green burial is one-fifteenth that of a traditional burial and one-tenth that of cremation.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Wednesday, November 26, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Santa Cruz County’s surf breaks are free to enjoy, but worth millions. That’s \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kazu.org/2025-10-03/for-surfers-santa-cruz-waves-are-priceless-a-new-report-gives-them-a-dollar-value\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">one of the findings\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the first report to put a price on the world-renowned surf playground. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Humboldt County recently approved \u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/environment-energy-and-transportation/2025-11-10/one-of-the-most-intriguing-topics-new-green-cemetery-coming-to-humboldt-county\">its first green cemetery.\u003c/a> The model allows bodies to decompose in a more environmentally friendly way.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kazu.org/2025-10-03/for-surfers-santa-cruz-waves-are-priceless-a-new-report-gives-them-a-dollar-value\">\u003cstrong>Report Looks At Surf Industry’s Economic Impact\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz surf breaks are free to enjoy but worth millions. That’s one of the key findings in the \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.savethewaves.org/surfonomics-and-climate-vulnerability-in-santa-cruz-ca/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>first report\u003c/u>\u003c/a> to put a dollar value on this world-renowned surf playground. The report identified 30-odd surf spots dotted across Santa Cruz County’s 7-mile stretch of pumping waves. One of them, Cowell’s Beach, is among the busiest, partly because it’s a good place to learn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The faint sweetness of blueberry surf wax drifts through the brisk morning air as Thomas Mendoza preps his shortboard in the parking lot of Cowell’s. Mendoza has surfed all over the world but caught his first wave here. He remembers the feeling from the front of his dad’s longboard when he was about 5 or 6 years old. “When you get your first wave and you stand up on it and you’re riding it in, the feeling is electric,” he said, “and I knew right away I was hooked and I was gonna be hooked for the rest of my life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Santa Cruz attracts surfers of all levels, but also brings in spectators. In its new report, \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.savethewaves.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cu>Save the Waves\u003c/u>\u003c/a>, a national surf-advocacy nonprofit based in Santa Cruz, found surfing draws in 800,000 people and $200 million to the area each year. “A lot of people say surfing’s priceless,” said Shaun Burns, a pro surfer who also works at Save the Waves. “Putting a number to it is pretty awesome and pretty groundbreaking.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s the positive. But there are also concerns: the quality and duration of surfable waves is changing with the climate. The 2-year study—dubbed “surfonomics”—found that as sea level rises, sandy beaches will disappear. As a Santa Cruz native, Burns has seen this happen in his lifetime. “Even in the 33 years that I’ve been around, there’s been a wave that has gone extinct,” said Burns. “I grew up boogie boarding a place that no longer breaks just because there’s not enough sand there for the wave to break far enough out to create a rideable wave.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ArtP-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.ijpr.org/environment-energy-and-transportation/2025-11-10/one-of-the-most-intriguing-topics-new-green-cemetery-coming-to-humboldt-county\">\u003cstrong>New Green Cemetery Coming To Humboldt County\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Residents of far Northern California will soon have a new option for their final resting place: Humboldt County’s first green cemetery. The Planning Commission unanimously approved the project recently.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The nonprofit \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://sacredfamilygroves.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sacred Groves\u003c/a> will create an approximately 44-acre cemetery about a 30-minute drive from Eureka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green burial means interring an unembalmed body in a biodegradable shroud or casket, without a concrete vault or plastic liner, to promote natural decomposition. Michael Furniss, project applicant and executive director of Sacred Groves, said the soil at the site is perfect. “Good organic matter, good percolation characteristics and infiltration, good aggregate stability, rich biota and is highly fertile,” he said. “It’s really an ideal soil, and that really turns me on.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://humboldt.legistar.com/View.ashx?M=F&ID=14898793&GUID=BE1239E3-E152-404B-9659-995D4FE5BDE3\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a staff report\u003c/a>, the carbon footprint for a green burial is one-fifteenth that of a traditional burial and one-tenth that of cremation.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here are your top stories for the morning of Thursday, November 6th, 2025:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Biden-era federal tax breaks for home owners that want to switch from gas-powered appliances in their homes to electric or “greener” solutions are expiring at the end of the year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi has announced her retirement from Congress. With the announcement, she will NOT be seeking re-election as representative of San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999095/want-to-electrify-your-home-buy-a-heat-pump-its-go-time\">\u003cstrong>How to Go Electric Around the House Before Costs Go Up\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal tax credits for electrification upgrades around the house are set to expire December 31. The credits were part of the Biden Administration’s efforts to incentivize fighting climate change at home when they were made part of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, President Trump’s “Big Beautiful Bill” \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/climate-environment/congress-is-killing-clean-energy-tax-credits-heres-how-to-use-them-before-they-disappear\">put an expiration date on the tax credits\u003c/a>–moving the end-date for them from 2032 to the end of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ll walk you through the federal and state-level programs that are in place so home-owners can embrace cleaner energy solutions around the house before their costs go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062796/nancy-pelosi-leaves-congress-after-38-years-defining-generations-of-democratic-power\">Nancy Pelosi Announces She Will Not Run for Another Term\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Speaker of the House, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/nancy-pelosi\">Nancy Pelosi\u003c/a>, announced this morning that she will not run for a new term–essentially ending her 38-year career as a congresswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trailblazing politician made the announcement in a video titled “Dear San Francisco,” which highlighted not only her accomplishments on Capitol Hill, but how those policies reverberated in her congressional district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since winning election in 1987, Pelosi’s tenure is punctuated by landmark moments, like when she became the first woman to be appointed Speaker of the House, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11892317/nancy-pelosi-on-threats-to-democracy-and-tough-legislative-choices-at-kqed-live\">key legislative wins\u003c/a>, like security federal funding for AIDS and HIV research and helping get the Affordable Care Act passed in congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi was likely to face a number of challengers if she was seeking re-election–candidates are likely to face off against one another, now that she is retiring when her term ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late October, California State Senator, Scott Weiner, a\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060826/state-sen-scott-wiener-is-running-for-pelosis-house-seat-saying-it-was-time\">nnounced his intentions to run for Pelosi’s seat\u003c/a> in the 2026 mid-term elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033097/hes-challenging-nancy-pelosi-and-the-democratic-party\">Saikat Chakrabarti\u003c/a>, a 39-year-old software engineer and former Chief-of-Staff to Alexandra Ocasio-Cortez, also plans to jump into the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Here are your top stories for the morning of Thursday, November 6th, 2025:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Biden-era federal tax breaks for home owners that want to switch from gas-powered appliances in their homes to electric or “greener” solutions are expiring at the end of the year.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Speaker Emerita Nancy Pelosi has announced her retirement from Congress. With the announcement, she will NOT be seeking re-election as representative of San Francisco.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1999095/want-to-electrify-your-home-buy-a-heat-pump-its-go-time\">\u003cstrong>How to Go Electric Around the House Before Costs Go Up\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Federal tax credits for electrification upgrades around the house are set to expire December 31. The credits were part of the Biden Administration’s efforts to incentivize fighting climate change at home when they were made part of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, President Trump’s “Big Beautiful Bill” \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/climate-environment/congress-is-killing-clean-energy-tax-credits-heres-how-to-use-them-before-they-disappear\">put an expiration date on the tax credits\u003c/a>–moving the end-date for them from 2032 to the end of this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We’ll walk you through the federal and state-level programs that are in place so home-owners can embrace cleaner energy solutions around the house before their costs go up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12062796/nancy-pelosi-leaves-congress-after-38-years-defining-generations-of-democratic-power\">Nancy Pelosi Announces She Will Not Run for Another Term\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Former Speaker of the House, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/nancy-pelosi\">Nancy Pelosi\u003c/a>, announced this morning that she will not run for a new term–essentially ending her 38-year career as a congresswoman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The trailblazing politician made the announcement in a video titled “Dear San Francisco,” which highlighted not only her accomplishments on Capitol Hill, but how those policies reverberated in her congressional district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since winning election in 1987, Pelosi’s tenure is punctuated by landmark moments, like when she became the first woman to be appointed Speaker of the House, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11892317/nancy-pelosi-on-threats-to-democracy-and-tough-legislative-choices-at-kqed-live\">key legislative wins\u003c/a>, like security federal funding for AIDS and HIV research and helping get the Affordable Care Act passed in congress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pelosi was likely to face a number of challengers if she was seeking re-election–candidates are likely to face off against one another, now that she is retiring when her term ends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late October, California State Senator, Scott Weiner, a\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060826/state-sen-scott-wiener-is-running-for-pelosis-house-seat-saying-it-was-time\">nnounced his intentions to run for Pelosi’s seat\u003c/a> in the 2026 mid-term elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12033097/hes-challenging-nancy-pelosi-and-the-democratic-party\">Saikat Chakrabarti\u003c/a>, a 39-year-old software engineer and former Chief-of-Staff to Alexandra Ocasio-Cortez, also plans to jump into the race.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038703/wolves-roam-california-again-reviving-old-fears-and-new-conflicts-in-ranch-country\">gray wolves returned to California\u003c/a> after hunters wiped out the population a century ago, conservationists and state officials were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11971756/gray-wolves-returning-to-california\">delighted\u003c/a>. But as the state’s wolf numbers have grown, so has desperation among ranchers in rural northeastern counties whose\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12003557/californias-gray-wolf-population-thrives-but-livestock-attacks-surge\"> livestock has increasingly come under attack\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sierra County, where Supervisor Paul Roen told KQED that 95% of cattle ranchers in his district have lost cattle to attacks, state wildlife officials have taken an unprecedented step to deal with the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feed all predators to a certain extent, but we can not be the steakhouse, open every night for them to come and consume. It is just not sustainable,” said Roen, who is also a rancher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After first trying to divert the wolf attacks in other ways, California Department of Fish and Wildlife officials announced Friday that they had euthanized four wolves in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificwolves.org/thebeyemseyopack/\">Beyem Seyo\u003c/a> pack. It marks the first time the state has lethally removed wolves under the California Endangered Species Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pack included a breeding pair, as well as another female and male. A juvenile wolf was also accidentally targeted and killed, mistaken for the breeding male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038722\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1774px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038722\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1774\" height=\"1183\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1.jpg 1774w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1774px) 100vw, 1774px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A gray wolf caught on a trail camera in the California backcountry. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of California Department of Fish and Wildlife)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Wolves are one of the state’s most iconic species and co-existence is our collective future, but that comes with tremendous responsibility and sometimes hard decisions,” CDFW Director Charlton Bonham said Friday in an emailed statement. “The Beyem Seyo pack became so reliant on cattle at an unprecedented level, and we could not break the cycle, which ultimately is not good for the long-term recovery of wolves or for people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s investigations in the Sierra Valley area found that between March 28 and Sept. 10, the pack was collectively responsible for 70 total livestock losses, representing 63% of the state’s total. This, said CDFW officials, means the wolves were responsible for one of the highest concentrations of cattle deaths among the Western states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray wolves naturally prey on wild ungulates, like deer and elk. However, as the state has changed, so have their tastes, adapting to the new landscape. These particular wolves, the state said, had become conditioned to cattle as a primary food source, a behavior that “persisted and was being passed on to their offspring.”[aside postID=science_1998802 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/250916_SEAOTTERS_GH-3-KQED.jpg']State officials pursued alternative strategies for months before making the decision. This included “hazing,” or techniques intended to scare wolves off without causing them harm. The U.S. Department of Agriculture sent a team operating drones carrying speakers playing \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/drones-blasting-acdc-are-helping-biologists-protect-cattle-wolves-rcna228262\">AC/DC\u003c/a>, and other loud noises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials sent a “\u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/News/Archive/cdfw-launching-pilot-effort-to-reduce-gray-wolf-attacks-on-livestock\">summer strike team\u003c/a>,” providing ranchers with round-the-clock support. And ranchers locally were “committed,” Roen said, many of them sleeping in their fields all summer, trying to “dissuade and haze wolves out of the livestock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a shame that it had to only come to that,” Roen said. “Nobody’s happy about what happened, but everybody’s relieved that something was done to help stop the siege that we were living in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolves are listed as a recovering endangered species, which means it’s illegal to kill them under state and federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with other California predators, like the grizzly bear, wolves were hunted into extirpation during European colonization and settlement of the West. This all changed in December 2011, when a gray wolf named OR-7 crossed into California’s Siskiyou County, the first confirmed wild wolf spotted in the state since 1924.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10780879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10780879\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups.jpg\" alt=\"Several gray wolf pups, dubbed the Shasta Pack, were captured by a remote camera in Siskiyou County this past August. They were the first gray wolf pups found in the state in nearly a century.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1183\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-400x246.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-1440x887.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-960x592.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Several gray wolf pups, dubbed the Shasta Pack, were captured by a remote camera in Siskiyou County this past August. They were the first gray wolf pups found in the state in nearly a century. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ten packs of wolves now live in California, all descendants of the famed wolf reintroduction to Yellowstone National Park in 1995. The return of the apex predator after a 70-year absence ushered in a noticeable and profound impact on the local ecology, “changing the rivers,” as a viral 2014 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q\">video\u003c/a> put it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaggie Orrick, the director of the California Wolf Project at UC Berkeley, said that any loss of life in the state is tragic, whether it’s the death of the wolves or the loss of cattle in the Sierra Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balancing the protection of individual animals with the success of a species as a whole, she said, is a constant struggle within conservation work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The removal of one pack is not necessarily going to be detrimental for wolf recovery across the state,” she said. “We are going to continue to see other packs populate and disperse throughout all of California. That also speaks to the fact that we need to really be focused on improving management and the science of wolves in the state, because they’re only going to just keep coming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">\u003cem>Danielle Venton\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12038703/wolves-roam-california-again-reviving-old-fears-and-new-conflicts-in-ranch-country\">gray wolves returned to California\u003c/a> after hunters wiped out the population a century ago, conservationists and state officials were \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11971756/gray-wolves-returning-to-california\">delighted\u003c/a>. But as the state’s wolf numbers have grown, so has desperation among ranchers in rural northeastern counties whose\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12003557/californias-gray-wolf-population-thrives-but-livestock-attacks-surge\"> livestock has increasingly come under attack\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Sierra County, where Supervisor Paul Roen told KQED that 95% of cattle ranchers in his district have lost cattle to attacks, state wildlife officials have taken an unprecedented step to deal with the problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We feed all predators to a certain extent, but we can not be the steakhouse, open every night for them to come and consume. It is just not sustainable,” said Roen, who is also a rancher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After first trying to divert the wolf attacks in other ways, California Department of Fish and Wildlife officials announced Friday that they had euthanized four wolves in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.pacificwolves.org/thebeyemseyopack/\">Beyem Seyo\u003c/a> pack. It marks the first time the state has lethally removed wolves under the California Endangered Species Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The pack included a breeding pair, as well as another female and male. A juvenile wolf was also accidentally targeted and killed, mistaken for the breeding male.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12038722\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1774px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12038722\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1774\" height=\"1183\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1.jpg 1774w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/0-1-KQED_1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1774px) 100vw, 1774px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A gray wolf caught on a trail camera in the California backcountry. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of California Department of Fish and Wildlife)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Wolves are one of the state’s most iconic species and co-existence is our collective future, but that comes with tremendous responsibility and sometimes hard decisions,” CDFW Director Charlton Bonham said Friday in an emailed statement. “The Beyem Seyo pack became so reliant on cattle at an unprecedented level, and we could not break the cycle, which ultimately is not good for the long-term recovery of wolves or for people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s investigations in the Sierra Valley area found that between March 28 and Sept. 10, the pack was collectively responsible for 70 total livestock losses, representing 63% of the state’s total. This, said CDFW officials, means the wolves were responsible for one of the highest concentrations of cattle deaths among the Western states.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gray wolves naturally prey on wild ungulates, like deer and elk. However, as the state has changed, so have their tastes, adapting to the new landscape. These particular wolves, the state said, had become conditioned to cattle as a primary food source, a behavior that “persisted and was being passed on to their offspring.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>State officials pursued alternative strategies for months before making the decision. This included “hazing,” or techniques intended to scare wolves off without causing them harm. The U.S. Department of Agriculture sent a team operating drones carrying speakers playing \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/us-news/drones-blasting-acdc-are-helping-biologists-protect-cattle-wolves-rcna228262\">AC/DC\u003c/a>, and other loud noises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>State officials sent a “\u003ca href=\"https://wildlife.ca.gov/News/Archive/cdfw-launching-pilot-effort-to-reduce-gray-wolf-attacks-on-livestock\">summer strike team\u003c/a>,” providing ranchers with round-the-clock support. And ranchers locally were “committed,” Roen said, many of them sleeping in their fields all summer, trying to “dissuade and haze wolves out of the livestock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a shame that it had to only come to that,” Roen said. “Nobody’s happy about what happened, but everybody’s relieved that something was done to help stop the siege that we were living in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wolves are listed as a recovering endangered species, which means it’s illegal to kill them under state and federal law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Along with other California predators, like the grizzly bear, wolves were hunted into extirpation during European colonization and settlement of the West. This all changed in December 2011, when a gray wolf named OR-7 crossed into California’s Siskiyou County, the first confirmed wild wolf spotted in the state since 1924.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10780879\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10780879\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups.jpg\" alt=\"Several gray wolf pups, dubbed the Shasta Pack, were captured by a remote camera in Siskiyou County this past August. They were the first gray wolf pups found in the state in nearly a century.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1183\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-400x246.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-800x493.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-1440x887.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-1180x727.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2015/12/ShastaPackPups-960x592.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Several gray wolf pups, dubbed the Shasta Pack, were captured by a remote camera in Siskiyou County this past August. They were the first gray wolf pups found in the state in nearly a century. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of the California Department of Fish and Wildlife)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Ten packs of wolves now live in California, all descendants of the famed wolf reintroduction to Yellowstone National Park in 1995. The return of the apex predator after a 70-year absence ushered in a noticeable and profound impact on the local ecology, “changing the rivers,” as a viral 2014 \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ysa5OBhXz-Q\">video\u003c/a> put it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kaggie Orrick, the director of the California Wolf Project at UC Berkeley, said that any loss of life in the state is tragic, whether it’s the death of the wolves or the loss of cattle in the Sierra Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Balancing the protection of individual animals with the success of a species as a whole, she said, is a constant struggle within conservation work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The removal of one pack is not necessarily going to be detrimental for wolf recovery across the state,” she said. “We are going to continue to see other packs populate and disperse throughout all of California. That also speaks to the fact that we need to really be focused on improving management and the science of wolves in the state, because they’re only going to just keep coming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/dventon\">\u003cem>Danielle Venton\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "dubai-chocolate-recipe-pistachios-climate-change-california",
"title": "Pistachios and Climate Change: Inside Dubai Chocolate Is a Very California Story",
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"content": "\u003cp>The warm and velvety smell of cacao permeates every corner of The Xocolate Bar, an independent chocolate shop in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/berkeley\">Berkeley.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the kitchen, you’ll also detect the aroma of freshly ground pistachios, as owner Malena López-Maggi blends these crunchy green gems down to a rich and silky butter — all in pursuit of the tastiest “Dubai chocolate” bar she can conjure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This crunchy, gooey and savory combination of chocolate, pistachio cream, tahini and \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadayif\">kataifi\u003c/a> — has become \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20250502-how-dubai-chocolate-conquered-the-world\">a worldwide culinary phenomenon\u003c/a> since United Arab Emirates-based chocolatier Sarah Hamouda \u003ca href=\"https://www.falstaff.com/en/news/falstaff-exclusive-an-interview-with-sarah-hamouda-creator-of-dubai-chocolate\">first crafted the recipe\u003c/a> in 2021. In the years since, influencers from \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@huda/video/7397490808200482078\">all over the world\u003c/a> have posted videos of themselves \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@mariavehera257/video/7313986849104481538\">savoring Dubai chocolate\u003c/a>, which has now become synonymous with a certain feeling of epicurean luxury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to \u003cem>taste \u003c/em>Dubai chocolate to understand why it’s become such a social media phenomenon, López-Maggi says. “The kataifi is nice and toasty, then you mix it with really creamy pistachio butter and shove it into a thick chocolate shell. When you bite it, it’s audibly crunchy — an \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCDtnBewXHM\">ASMR-type of sound\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As demand for Hamoud’s creation has skyrocketed — 1.2 million bars were sold \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/31/walmart-shake-shack-trader-joes-dubai-chocolate.html\">at Dubai’s airport alone in April\u003c/a> — the concoction has been used in everything from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghirardelli.com/stores/sf-original\">sundaes\u003c/a> at San Francisco’s Ghirardelli Square to \u003ca href=\"https://secretlosangeles.com/matcha-labubu-dubai-chocolate-la/\">edible Labubus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12060312\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12060312\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Malena Lopez-Maggi, owner and chocolatier, at The Xocolate Bar in Berkeley on Oct. 16, 2025. She co-founded the chocolate business in 2006 and is known for crafting artisanal, plant-based chocolates. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>López-Maggi says she didn’t jump on the Dubai chocolate craze when she first saw it on her social media feed last year. “We thought this was going to blow over quickly — ‘it’s a TikTok trend,’” she recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike other online fads of the 2020s, the allure of this sweet treat has far from faded. With customers coming into her stores every week looking for Dubai chocolate, López-Maggi crafted her own recipe earlier this year. And for one key ingredient — the pistachios that give the chocolate bar its bright-green accents — she turned not to her previous Italian suppliers but to California’s Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you savor a chocolate treat mixed with pistachio in the United States, while you may just see Dubai’s name on the label it’s actually rural California towns — Mendota, Coalinga, Wasco, Chowchilla, to name a few — that harvest \u003ca href=\"https://acpistachios.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024-Pistachio-Statistics.pdf\">over 98% of pistachios\u003c/a> grown nationally. And sourcing her pistachios so close to home helped López-Maggi cut costs when the \u003ca href=\"https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/cocoa\">price of cocoa quadrupled\u003c/a> in just a few years due to ongoing \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/ivory-coasts-mid-crop-cocoa-output-expected-drop-around-40-due-long-drought-2025-03-18/\">drought conditions in West Africa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Dubai chocolate’s popularity soars, so has \u003ca href=\"https://acpistachios.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/08-2024-Inventory-Shipment-Tons.pdf\">the demand\u003c/a> for this unassuming nut that for decades has quietly thrived in the heat of the Central Valley and provided a livelihood to generations of rural and immigrant communities. But while the state’s pistachio growers and chocolatiers have big dreams of what could come from this culinary phenomenon, California faces a dryer, hotter future that could soon put all of that to the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The view from pistachio country\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Walking between the rows of pistachio trees in a Fresno County orchard, dressed in a black cowboy hat and boots, William Bordeau points out the large machine moving from tree to tree — clamping onto each’s trunk and vigorously shaking thousands of ripe nuts from its branches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing in this orchard, the long-tailed machine — known as a tree shaker — feels like it’s conjuring earthquakes with each jolt. Ripe pistachios rain down into large containers and within hours, the tree shaker can collect up to 3,000 pounds of nuts.[aside postID=news_12050185 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/CAT-%E2%80%94-Save-or-Scroll-with-Daysia-Tolentino-and-Moises-Mendez-II.png']Bordeau has been a U.S. Marine, a casino manager and a schoolteacher, but says that pistachio grower is one of the most satisfying jobs he’s had. There may be more money in other industries, he adds, “but you don’t feel like you’re giving back to society like you do when you’re providing safe, affordable, nutritious food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born in the small town of Coalinga to a family that’s lived in the Central Valley for four generations, Bordeau has worked with all kinds of crops. “This is some of the most productive land in the world,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pistachios are tricky. A tree must first grow for about seven years until it’s ready to yield nuts that can be sold on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many farmers, that’s too long. But those who do wait get to reap the rewards: a crop that can live on significantly less water than its more popular cousin, almonds. “This is a hardy plant,” Bordeau says. “Pistachios are very drought tolerant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pistachios are native to the deserts of Central Asia, and the long, dry Central Valley summers pack enough heat, comparatively, for them to grow. Only Iran — where farmers have been growing them for millennia — rivals how much California can produce: Just last year, the Golden State harvested \u003ca href=\"https://acpistachios.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024-Pistachio-Statistics.pdf\">over a billion pounds\u003c/a> of this little green nut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Historically, pistachios have been seen more as a snack,” Bordeau says. “But we also want it to be something you can have in all these wonderful dishes, like Dubai chocolate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No water, no pistachios\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How much water a California farmer can use is determined by \u003ca href=\"https://sgma.water.ca.gov/portal/gsa/all\">a local water district\u003c/a> that keeps track of available groundwater and distributes it accordingly. But those agencies have limits — and \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/programs/groundwater-management/sgma-groundwater-management\">state law\u003c/a> requires them to hand out only as much water as underground aquifers can handle without running dry over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if California has a dry year when aquifers are running low, farmers like Bordeau receive a much smaller allocation, regardless of market demand for the crop they’re growing. And water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta — the only other source of water for many pistachio farms — is controlled by \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R45342\">federal regulators\u003c/a> that cut water deliveries if they threaten \u003ca href=\"https://www.opb.org/article/2022/12/15/some-of-america-s-biggest-vegetable-growers-fought-for-water-then-the-water-ran-out/\">the survival of wildlife in the Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059863\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059863\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers run a machine that shakes pistachio trees during harvest at Joe Coelho’s family orchard in Coalinga, Calif., on Oct. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While pistachios may be less water-dependent than other crops, “if we’re not allocated any water, we can’t farm,” says Bordeau, who also sits on the board of directors of the Westlands Water District, the largest agricultural water agency in the U.S.. “We need to invest in our water infrastructure: reservoirs, conveyance mechanisms and canals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a paradox wrapped in gold foil: the key ingredients of Dubai chocolate — \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/climate-change-cacao-crops-west-africa/\">cacao\u003c/a> and pistachios — are both highly vulnerable to climate change, a crisis partly fueled by greenhouse gas emissions. And the United Arab Emirates, home to Dubai, ranks among the \u003ca href=\"https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2023#emissions_table\">world’s top emitters\u003c/a> on a per capita basis. On a warmer planet, farmers will need more water to keep growing these crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the state level, Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/05/14/governor-newsoms-budget-calls-for-fast-track-of-critical-water-infrastructure-project/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">is betting big\u003c/a> on the controversial $20 billion Delta Conveyance Project, which would move more water from the state’s northern half through a tunnel to then distribute to other regions. And even President Donald Trump has stepped into California’s water woes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/putting-people-over-fish-stopping-radical-environmentalism-to-provide-water-to-southern-california/\">ordering his administration\u003c/a> on his first day back in the White House to “route more water” from reservoirs in the Delta to the Central Valley — an action many state officials \u003ca href=\"https://washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2025/03/07/trump-water-release-california-fires/\">labeled as a publicity stunt\u003c/a>.[aside postID=news_12050185 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/CAT-%E2%80%94-Save-or-Scroll-with-Daysia-Tolentino-and-Moises-Mendez-II.png']But researchers warn that due to climate change, California faces a future where droughts will become \u003ca href=\"https://climateresilience.ca.gov/overview/impacts.html/\">more frequent and longer\u003c/a>. Warmer temperatures could \u003ca href=\"https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=396645\">also increase soil salinity\u003c/a> — how much salt is in the ground — and push farmers to use more water to counteract it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to make every single drop of water count, growers have teamed up with environmentalists to design \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wVcVLxMZHg&list=UU7g5TlGMzbT59xGXfyUciVQ&index=5\">more efficient irrigation methods\u003c/a> and in some instances, abandoning more water-intensive crops. But a drought that lasts multiple years could strain even pistachios, which can normally weather more saline conditions, says Phoebe Gordon, orchard systems advisor at the UC Agriculture and Natural Resources unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How long can you keep on irrigating these trees under limited water conditions and have them continue to perform, to be able to pay the bills?” asks Gordon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yield will decline — that is absolutely not a question,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The melting point\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Outside of the Central Valley, climate change is coming for the other parts of your Dubai chocolate bar, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When droughts in West Africa caused cocoa prices to skyrocket earlier this year, Bay Area chocolatier López-Maggi had to let go half of her staff and shut down her wholesale business, which supplied over 400 retail stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12060311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12060311\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Boxes of Dubai chocolates sit on the shelf at The Xocolate Bar in Berkeley on Oct. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Wholesale margins are already so thin that when your ingredient prices more than double — I mean, people are only willing to pay a certain amount for food,” she says. “So many of my colleagues went out of business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cocoa prices are slowly coming back down to Earth, but López-Maggi is preparing for a future where climate change permanently alters the chocolate supply chain. In response to these fluctuating costs, big brands like Hershey’s and Mars are already marketing products \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-02-29/rising-cocoa-prices-drive-mars-hersey-to-use-less-chocolate\">with less chocolate content\u003c/a>, or substituting it with cheaper alternatives like palm oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nothing can replace the best ingredients, López-Maggi says. “Chocolate, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://exhibits.library.cornell.edu/chocolate-food-of-the-gods/feature/theobroma-cacao-food-of-the-gods\">called \u003cem>theobroma cacao\u003c/em>\u003c/a> for a reason: food of the gods,” she says. “There’s all these special magic things about chocolate you just can’t fake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the Central Valley, it’s farmworkers who are the first to feel the consequences when there’s not enough water here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059868\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059868\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pistachio trees line the road at Joe Coelho’s family orchard in Coalinga, Calif., on Oct. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When we plant less, that equals less jobs for people,” says Joe Coelho, a Fresno County farmer and director of sustainability and member outreach for the industry group American Pistachio Growers. Many people who work his fields are from the small town of Mendota, a community where over 90% of residents are Latino. A large proportion of residents have recently arrived from El Salvador and about a third live below the federal poverty line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/profile/Mendota_city,_California?g=160XX00US0646828\">latest Census data\u003c/a>, around half of Mendota residents are unemployed — a number that can spike dramatically during drought years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are our friends, our family. I’ve spent years of my life bleeding in the fields with these people,” says Coelho, who grew up on a farm in nearby Riverdale. “Agriculture is the backbone of life out here in the Central Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coelho first met fellow pistachio grower Bordeau when they were both in their teens. Decades later, the two have their own families and farms. They can talk about almost anything for hours: pistachios, new irrigation technologies and the heat from the Central Valley sun, which quickly evaporates any drop of water that falls on the soil here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to find a way that we can still succeed,” Bordeau says. “Solutions exist, man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The warm and velvety smell of cacao permeates every corner of The Xocolate Bar, an independent chocolate shop in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/berkeley\">Berkeley.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the kitchen, you’ll also detect the aroma of freshly ground pistachios, as owner Malena López-Maggi blends these crunchy green gems down to a rich and silky butter — all in pursuit of the tastiest “Dubai chocolate” bar she can conjure.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This crunchy, gooey and savory combination of chocolate, pistachio cream, tahini and \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kadayif\">kataifi\u003c/a> — has become \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/travel/article/20250502-how-dubai-chocolate-conquered-the-world\">a worldwide culinary phenomenon\u003c/a> since United Arab Emirates-based chocolatier Sarah Hamouda \u003ca href=\"https://www.falstaff.com/en/news/falstaff-exclusive-an-interview-with-sarah-hamouda-creator-of-dubai-chocolate\">first crafted the recipe\u003c/a> in 2021. In the years since, influencers from \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@huda/video/7397490808200482078\">all over the world\u003c/a> have posted videos of themselves \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@mariavehera257/video/7313986849104481538\">savoring Dubai chocolate\u003c/a>, which has now become synonymous with a certain feeling of epicurean luxury.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You have to \u003cem>taste \u003c/em>Dubai chocolate to understand why it’s become such a social media phenomenon, López-Maggi says. “The kataifi is nice and toasty, then you mix it with really creamy pistachio butter and shove it into a thick chocolate shell. When you bite it, it’s audibly crunchy — an \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZCDtnBewXHM\">ASMR-type of sound\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As demand for Hamoud’s creation has skyrocketed — 1.2 million bars were sold \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnbc.com/2025/05/31/walmart-shake-shack-trader-joes-dubai-chocolate.html\">at Dubai’s airport alone in April\u003c/a> — the concoction has been used in everything from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ghirardelli.com/stores/sf-original\">sundaes\u003c/a> at San Francisco’s Ghirardelli Square to \u003ca href=\"https://secretlosangeles.com/matcha-labubu-dubai-chocolate-la/\">edible Labubus\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12060312\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12060312\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Malena Lopez-Maggi, owner and chocolatier, at The Xocolate Bar in Berkeley on Oct. 16, 2025. She co-founded the chocolate business in 2006 and is known for crafting artisanal, plant-based chocolates. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>López-Maggi says she didn’t jump on the Dubai chocolate craze when she first saw it on her social media feed last year. “We thought this was going to blow over quickly — ‘it’s a TikTok trend,’” she recalls.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But unlike other online fads of the 2020s, the allure of this sweet treat has far from faded. With customers coming into her stores every week looking for Dubai chocolate, López-Maggi crafted her own recipe earlier this year. And for one key ingredient — the pistachios that give the chocolate bar its bright-green accents — she turned not to her previous Italian suppliers but to California’s Central Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When you savor a chocolate treat mixed with pistachio in the United States, while you may just see Dubai’s name on the label it’s actually rural California towns — Mendota, Coalinga, Wasco, Chowchilla, to name a few — that harvest \u003ca href=\"https://acpistachios.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024-Pistachio-Statistics.pdf\">over 98% of pistachios\u003c/a> grown nationally. And sourcing her pistachios so close to home helped López-Maggi cut costs when the \u003ca href=\"https://tradingeconomics.com/commodity/cocoa\">price of cocoa quadrupled\u003c/a> in just a few years due to ongoing \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/markets/commodities/ivory-coasts-mid-crop-cocoa-output-expected-drop-around-40-due-long-drought-2025-03-18/\">drought conditions in West Africa\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As Dubai chocolate’s popularity soars, so has \u003ca href=\"https://acpistachios.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/08-2024-Inventory-Shipment-Tons.pdf\">the demand\u003c/a> for this unassuming nut that for decades has quietly thrived in the heat of the Central Valley and provided a livelihood to generations of rural and immigrant communities. But while the state’s pistachio growers and chocolatiers have big dreams of what could come from this culinary phenomenon, California faces a dryer, hotter future that could soon put all of that to the test.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The view from pistachio country\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Walking between the rows of pistachio trees in a Fresno County orchard, dressed in a black cowboy hat and boots, William Bordeau points out the large machine moving from tree to tree — clamping onto each’s trunk and vigorously shaking thousands of ripe nuts from its branches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing in this orchard, the long-tailed machine — known as a tree shaker — feels like it’s conjuring earthquakes with each jolt. Ripe pistachios rain down into large containers and within hours, the tree shaker can collect up to 3,000 pounds of nuts.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bordeau has been a U.S. Marine, a casino manager and a schoolteacher, but says that pistachio grower is one of the most satisfying jobs he’s had. There may be more money in other industries, he adds, “but you don’t feel like you’re giving back to society like you do when you’re providing safe, affordable, nutritious food.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Born in the small town of Coalinga to a family that’s lived in the Central Valley for four generations, Bordeau has worked with all kinds of crops. “This is some of the most productive land in the world,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But pistachios are tricky. A tree must first grow for about seven years until it’s ready to yield nuts that can be sold on the market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many farmers, that’s too long. But those who do wait get to reap the rewards: a crop that can live on significantly less water than its more popular cousin, almonds. “This is a hardy plant,” Bordeau says. “Pistachios are very drought tolerant.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pistachios are native to the deserts of Central Asia, and the long, dry Central Valley summers pack enough heat, comparatively, for them to grow. Only Iran — where farmers have been growing them for millennia — rivals how much California can produce: Just last year, the Golden State harvested \u003ca href=\"https://acpistachios.wpenginepowered.com/wp-content/uploads/2025/01/2024-Pistachio-Statistics.pdf\">over a billion pounds\u003c/a> of this little green nut.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Historically, pistachios have been seen more as a snack,” Bordeau says. “But we also want it to be something you can have in all these wonderful dishes, like Dubai chocolate.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No water, no pistachios\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How much water a California farmer can use is determined by \u003ca href=\"https://sgma.water.ca.gov/portal/gsa/all\">a local water district\u003c/a> that keeps track of available groundwater and distributes it accordingly. But those agencies have limits — and \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/programs/groundwater-management/sgma-groundwater-management\">state law\u003c/a> requires them to hand out only as much water as underground aquifers can handle without running dry over time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So if California has a dry year when aquifers are running low, farmers like Bordeau receive a much smaller allocation, regardless of market demand for the crop they’re growing. And water from the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta — the only other source of water for many pistachio farms — is controlled by \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/crs-product/R45342\">federal regulators\u003c/a> that cut water deliveries if they threaten \u003ca href=\"https://www.opb.org/article/2022/12/15/some-of-america-s-biggest-vegetable-growers-fought-for-water-then-the-water-ran-out/\">the survival of wildlife in the Delta\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059863\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059863\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Workers run a machine that shakes pistachio trees during harvest at Joe Coelho’s family orchard in Coalinga, Calif., on Oct. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>While pistachios may be less water-dependent than other crops, “if we’re not allocated any water, we can’t farm,” says Bordeau, who also sits on the board of directors of the Westlands Water District, the largest agricultural water agency in the U.S.. “We need to invest in our water infrastructure: reservoirs, conveyance mechanisms and canals.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a paradox wrapped in gold foil: the key ingredients of Dubai chocolate — \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/climate-change-cacao-crops-west-africa/\">cacao\u003c/a> and pistachios — are both highly vulnerable to climate change, a crisis partly fueled by greenhouse gas emissions. And the United Arab Emirates, home to Dubai, ranks among the \u003ca href=\"https://edgar.jrc.ec.europa.eu/report_2023#emissions_table\">world’s top emitters\u003c/a> on a per capita basis. On a warmer planet, farmers will need more water to keep growing these crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the state level, Gov. Gavin Newsom \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2025/05/14/governor-newsoms-budget-calls-for-fast-track-of-critical-water-infrastructure-project/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\">is betting big\u003c/a> on the controversial $20 billion Delta Conveyance Project, which would move more water from the state’s northern half through a tunnel to then distribute to other regions. And even President Donald Trump has stepped into California’s water woes, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/01/putting-people-over-fish-stopping-radical-environmentalism-to-provide-water-to-southern-california/\">ordering his administration\u003c/a> on his first day back in the White House to “route more water” from reservoirs in the Delta to the Central Valley — an action many state officials \u003ca href=\"https://washingtonpost.com/climate-environment/2025/03/07/trump-water-release-california-fires/\">labeled as a publicity stunt\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But researchers warn that due to climate change, California faces a future where droughts will become \u003ca href=\"https://climateresilience.ca.gov/overview/impacts.html/\">more frequent and longer\u003c/a>. Warmer temperatures could \u003ca href=\"https://www.ars.usda.gov/research/publications/publication/?seqNo115=396645\">also increase soil salinity\u003c/a> — how much salt is in the ground — and push farmers to use more water to counteract it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to make every single drop of water count, growers have teamed up with environmentalists to design \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2wVcVLxMZHg&list=UU7g5TlGMzbT59xGXfyUciVQ&index=5\">more efficient irrigation methods\u003c/a> and in some instances, abandoning more water-intensive crops. But a drought that lasts multiple years could strain even pistachios, which can normally weather more saline conditions, says Phoebe Gordon, orchard systems advisor at the UC Agriculture and Natural Resources unit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“How long can you keep on irrigating these trees under limited water conditions and have them continue to perform, to be able to pay the bills?” asks Gordon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Yield will decline — that is absolutely not a question,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The melting point\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Outside of the Central Valley, climate change is coming for the other parts of your Dubai chocolate bar, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When droughts in West Africa caused cocoa prices to skyrocket earlier this year, Bay Area chocolatier López-Maggi had to let go half of her staff and shut down her wholesale business, which supplied over 400 retail stores.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12060311\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12060311\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251016-DUBAICHOCOLATES-02-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Boxes of Dubai chocolates sit on the shelf at The Xocolate Bar in Berkeley on Oct. 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Wholesale margins are already so thin that when your ingredient prices more than double — I mean, people are only willing to pay a certain amount for food,” she says. “So many of my colleagues went out of business.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cocoa prices are slowly coming back down to Earth, but López-Maggi is preparing for a future where climate change permanently alters the chocolate supply chain. In response to these fluctuating costs, big brands like Hershey’s and Mars are already marketing products \u003ca href=\"https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-02-29/rising-cocoa-prices-drive-mars-hersey-to-use-less-chocolate\">with less chocolate content\u003c/a>, or substituting it with cheaper alternatives like palm oil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But nothing can replace the best ingredients, López-Maggi says. “Chocolate, it’s \u003ca href=\"https://exhibits.library.cornell.edu/chocolate-food-of-the-gods/feature/theobroma-cacao-food-of-the-gods\">called \u003cem>theobroma cacao\u003c/em>\u003c/a> for a reason: food of the gods,” she says. “There’s all these special magic things about chocolate you just can’t fake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in the Central Valley, it’s farmworkers who are the first to feel the consequences when there’s not enough water here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059868\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059868\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-PISTACHIOS-23-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pistachio trees line the road at Joe Coelho’s family orchard in Coalinga, Calif., on Oct. 7, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“When we plant less, that equals less jobs for people,” says Joe Coelho, a Fresno County farmer and director of sustainability and member outreach for the industry group American Pistachio Growers. Many people who work his fields are from the small town of Mendota, a community where over 90% of residents are Latino. A large proportion of residents have recently arrived from El Salvador and about a third live below the federal poverty line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://data.census.gov/profile/Mendota_city,_California?g=160XX00US0646828\">latest Census data\u003c/a>, around half of Mendota residents are unemployed — a number that can spike dramatically during drought years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are our friends, our family. I’ve spent years of my life bleeding in the fields with these people,” says Coelho, who grew up on a farm in nearby Riverdale. “Agriculture is the backbone of life out here in the Central Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coelho first met fellow pistachio grower Bordeau when they were both in their teens. Decades later, the two have their own families and farms. They can talk about almost anything for hours: pistachios, new irrigation technologies and the heat from the Central Valley sun, which quickly evaporates any drop of water that falls on the soil here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to find a way that we can still succeed,” Bordeau says. “Solutions exist, man.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "urgent-need-benicia-braces-for-economic-future-without-valero",
"title": "‘Urgent Need’: Benicia Braces for Economic Future Without Valero",
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"headTitle": "‘Urgent Need’: Benicia Braces for Economic Future Without Valero | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The Solano County city of Benicia is projected to lose $10.7 million in annual revenue when \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12040941/benicia-takes-first-steps-toward-future-without-valero-refinery\">the Valero refinery in its backyard closes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s according to an economic impact report commissioned by the city, confirming \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12040941/benicia-takes-first-steps-toward-future-without-valero-refinery\">previous estimates\u003c/a>. Along with the 400 refinery jobs that will be lost, hundreds of other jobs will be affected, the report also said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study outlined what it describes as an “urgent need” for the city to plan how it can stabilize its finances and transition its workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The City will need to consider a range of responses — from attracting new industrial users to supporting affected workers and businesses — while continuing to preserve core services and long-term community resilience,” the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Manager Mario Giuliani said Benicia now faces its “most significant challenge” since the U.S. Army closed the Benicia Arsenal in 1964. City officials orchestrated the transformation of the site into an industrial park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039647\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039647\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Valero Benicia Refinery in Benicia on May 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We need to be clear-sighted in the challenges before us,” Giuliani said, noting that the city has already dealt with significant budget issues, laid off staff, restructured departments and passed tax measures. “We have been at the epicenter of what it looks like when you kick the can down the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero is Benicia’s largest utility and water user and the city’s tax base relies heavily on industrial businesses that are directly or indirectly connected to refinery operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early 2025, Valero notified the California Energy Commission of its plans to cease operations at its Benicia refinery by the end of April next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff are evaluating the land use of that 900-acre site to identify the best types of industry that might work there, but Giuliani acknowledged that the city does not own the site and “at the end of the day, this is going to be market-driven.”[aside postID=news_12040941 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BeniciaRefinery-30-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']The city’s ongoing planning work to modernize its port now takes on an even greater importance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he expects that Signature Development Group, the firm Valero consulted to assess the future of the site, will have a proposal ready around the time that Valero shuts down the refinery next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff have also been using a priority-based budgeting tool that will inform the City Council and community on Benicia’s most essential programs and those “that may need to be retired,” Giuliani said, adding that the city could lose about 13% of its $60 million general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero will relocate many of its employees, and other Bay Area refineries will likely poach the others. But the hundreds of people who work in jobs that support Valero might need resources and training from the Solano Workforce Development Board, Giuliani continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last May, city leaders took initial steps to prepare for the loss of what has been its cornerstone business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Young, the city’s mayor, proposed — and the City Council approved — a group of community-focused task forces to study the economic impacts and chart a new path for the small North Bay city that has relied on tax revenue from Valero for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council plans to discuss the study at its public meeting on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll be a challenge, and then we can build that bridge to get us to a point into the 2030s when we start seeing redevelopment,” Giuliani said. “Benicia has believed in itself, and what is required of us is to believe in ourselves a little bit more and a little longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The Solano County city of Benicia is projected to lose $10.7 million in annual revenue when \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12040941/benicia-takes-first-steps-toward-future-without-valero-refinery\">the Valero refinery in its backyard closes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s according to an economic impact report commissioned by the city, confirming \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12040941/benicia-takes-first-steps-toward-future-without-valero-refinery\">previous estimates\u003c/a>. Along with the 400 refinery jobs that will be lost, hundreds of other jobs will be affected, the report also said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study outlined what it describes as an “urgent need” for the city to plan how it can stabilize its finances and transition its workforce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The City will need to consider a range of responses — from attracting new industrial users to supporting affected workers and businesses — while continuing to preserve core services and long-term community resilience,” the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City Manager Mario Giuliani said Benicia now faces its “most significant challenge” since the U.S. Army closed the Benicia Arsenal in 1964. City officials orchestrated the transformation of the site into an industrial park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12039647\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12039647\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BENICIAREFINERY-42-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Valero Benicia Refinery in Benicia on May 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We need to be clear-sighted in the challenges before us,” Giuliani said, noting that the city has already dealt with significant budget issues, laid off staff, restructured departments and passed tax measures. “We have been at the epicenter of what it looks like when you kick the can down the road.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero is Benicia’s largest utility and water user and the city’s tax base relies heavily on industrial businesses that are directly or indirectly connected to refinery operations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In early 2025, Valero notified the California Energy Commission of its plans to cease operations at its Benicia refinery by the end of April next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff are evaluating the land use of that 900-acre site to identify the best types of industry that might work there, but Giuliani acknowledged that the city does not own the site and “at the end of the day, this is going to be market-driven.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The city’s ongoing planning work to modernize its port now takes on an even greater importance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he expects that Signature Development Group, the firm Valero consulted to assess the future of the site, will have a proposal ready around the time that Valero shuts down the refinery next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>City staff have also been using a priority-based budgeting tool that will inform the City Council and community on Benicia’s most essential programs and those “that may need to be retired,” Giuliani said, adding that the city could lose about 13% of its $60 million general fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valero will relocate many of its employees, and other Bay Area refineries will likely poach the others. But the hundreds of people who work in jobs that support Valero might need resources and training from the Solano Workforce Development Board, Giuliani continued.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last May, city leaders took initial steps to prepare for the loss of what has been its cornerstone business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Steve Young, the city’s mayor, proposed — and the City Council approved — a group of community-focused task forces to study the economic impacts and chart a new path for the small North Bay city that has relied on tax revenue from Valero for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The City Council plans to discuss the study at its public meeting on Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’ll be a challenge, and then we can build that bridge to get us to a point into the 2030s when we start seeing redevelopment,” Giuliani said. “Benicia has believed in itself, and what is required of us is to believe in ourselves a little bit more and a little longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Nine months after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/palisades-fire\">Palisades Fire ignited\u003c/a>, killing 12 and destroying more than 6,800 structures, authorities announced that they’ve arrested and charged 29-year-old Jonathan Rinderknecht in connection to starting the deadly blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acting U.S. Attorney Bill Essayli said Rinderknecht was arrested Tuesday in Florida. He has been \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/usa-v-rinderknecht.pdf\">charged\u003c/a> with destruction of property by means of fire, which is a felony that carries a minimum sentence of five years in federal prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has been investigating since January and has determined that it was a reignition of an earlier fire. Officials said at a news conference Wednesday that Rinderknecht started that fire six days earlier while working as an Uber driver — around midnight on Jan. 1 — after dropping off a passenger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 8-acre Lachman Fire didn’t spread far as L.A. city and county helicopters made water drops and hand crews cut a fire line, helping to contain the blaze before moving on to mop up. Firefighters then patrolled the burned area to extinguish smoldering stumps, logs and piles of ash, as there was a risk of reignition later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s exactly what appears to have happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1584px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059124\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1584\" height=\"892\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes.jpeg 1584w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes-160x90.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes-1536x865.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This undated photo provided by the U.S. Attorney’s Office shows Jonathan Rinderknecht, a suspect in the Palisades Fire. \u003ccite>(Courtesy U.S. Attorney's Office )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Essayli, the fire smoldered underground until strong winds on Jan. 7 caused the fire to surface and spread, becoming one of the most destructive fires on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speculation about the case of the fire had centered on fireworks, but Essayli said that authorities have no evidence that’s the case. Rinderknecht reportedly lived in the Pacific Palisades, but had relocated to Florida since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities gave no potential motive. They projected AI images, said to have been generated by the suspect, at a news conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1584px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059125\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1584\" height=\"906\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires.jpeg 1584w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires-160x92.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires-1536x879.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">AI-generated images were displayed by federal officials when they announced the arrest of a man in connection with the Palisades Fire. \u003ccite>(Courtesy U.S. Attorney's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass thanked federal and local investigators for the work that led to the arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each day that families are displaced is a day too long,” Bass said, “and as we are working tirelessly to bring Angelenos home, we are also working towards closure and towards justice — and today is a step forward in that process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The backstory\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Palisades Fire sparked about 10:30 a.m. on Jan. 7, amid a massive windstorm in Southern California. By the time it was fully contained 24 days later, the fire had burned more than 23,000 acres and destroyed more than 6,800 structures and damaging 937 more. Twelve people were killed.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=news_12058885 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/01/ReligiousCenterFirePasadenaJewishTempleGetty-1020x671.jpg']An \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/climate-environment/la-county-emergency-response-after-action-reports-woolsey-palisades-eaton\">LAist review of after-action reports\u003c/a> released following the January fires and the 2018 Woolsey Fire — which killed three people and destroyed nearly 2,000 structures across L.A. and Ventura counties — found similar shortfalls in L.A. County’s emergency response. The reports offer similar recommendations for how to fix the issues too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The L.A. County Sheriff’s Department told LAist it isn’t “reasonable or appropriate” to compare the reports, a sentiment echoed by the county Fire Department, which said in a statement that “hurricane-force winds that caused a never-before-seen ember cast and house-to-house ignition, the idea that recommendations in the Woolsey After-Action Report are strikingly similar to those in the Eaton/Palisades wildfires, we disagree.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the announcement of the arrest in the Palisades Fire, Bass said the Los Angeles Fire Department’s after-action report would be released soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Nine months after the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/palisades-fire\">Palisades Fire ignited\u003c/a>, killing 12 and destroying more than 6,800 structures, authorities announced that they’ve arrested and charged 29-year-old Jonathan Rinderknecht in connection to starting the deadly blaze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acting U.S. Attorney Bill Essayli said Rinderknecht was arrested Tuesday in Florida. He has been \u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/usa-v-rinderknecht.pdf\">charged\u003c/a> with destruction of property by means of fire, which is a felony that carries a minimum sentence of five years in federal prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives has been investigating since January and has determined that it was a reignition of an earlier fire. Officials said at a news conference Wednesday that Rinderknecht started that fire six days earlier while working as an Uber driver — around midnight on Jan. 1 — after dropping off a passenger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 8-acre Lachman Fire didn’t spread far as L.A. city and county helicopters made water drops and hand crews cut a fire line, helping to contain the blaze before moving on to mop up. Firefighters then patrolled the burned area to extinguish smoldering stumps, logs and piles of ash, as there was a risk of reignition later.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s exactly what appears to have happened.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059124\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1584px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059124\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1584\" height=\"892\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes.jpeg 1584w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes-160x90.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/Mug-shot-firtes-1536x865.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This undated photo provided by the U.S. Attorney’s Office shows Jonathan Rinderknecht, a suspect in the Palisades Fire. \u003ccite>(Courtesy U.S. Attorney's Office )\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>According to Essayli, the fire smoldered underground until strong winds on Jan. 7 caused the fire to surface and spread, becoming one of the most destructive fires on record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Speculation about the case of the fire had centered on fireworks, but Essayli said that authorities have no evidence that’s the case. Rinderknecht reportedly lived in the Pacific Palisades, but had relocated to Florida since then.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Authorities gave no potential motive. They projected AI images, said to have been generated by the suspect, at a news conference.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059125\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1584px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires.jpeg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059125\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1584\" height=\"906\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires.jpeg 1584w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires-160x92.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/AI-gen-fires-1536x879.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1584px) 100vw, 1584px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">AI-generated images were displayed by federal officials when they announced the arrest of a man in connection with the Palisades Fire. \u003ccite>(Courtesy U.S. Attorney's Office)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In a statement, Los Angeles Mayor Karen Bass thanked federal and local investigators for the work that led to the arrest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Each day that families are displaced is a day too long,” Bass said, “and as we are working tirelessly to bring Angelenos home, we are also working towards closure and towards justice — and today is a step forward in that process.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The backstory\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Palisades Fire sparked about 10:30 a.m. on Jan. 7, amid a massive windstorm in Southern California. By the time it was fully contained 24 days later, the fire had burned more than 23,000 acres and destroyed more than 6,800 structures and damaging 937 more. Twelve people were killed.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/news/climate-environment/la-county-emergency-response-after-action-reports-woolsey-palisades-eaton\">LAist review of after-action reports\u003c/a> released following the January fires and the 2018 Woolsey Fire — which killed three people and destroyed nearly 2,000 structures across L.A. and Ventura counties — found similar shortfalls in L.A. County’s emergency response. The reports offer similar recommendations for how to fix the issues too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The L.A. County Sheriff’s Department told LAist it isn’t “reasonable or appropriate” to compare the reports, a sentiment echoed by the county Fire Department, which said in a statement that “hurricane-force winds that caused a never-before-seen ember cast and house-to-house ignition, the idea that recommendations in the Woolsey After-Action Report are strikingly similar to those in the Eaton/Palisades wildfires, we disagree.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the announcement of the arrest in the Palisades Fire, Bass said the Los Angeles Fire Department’s after-action report would be released soon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Wildfire Smoke Could Kill Over 5,000 Californians a Year By 2050, Study Shows",
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"content": "\u003cp>If the planet continues to warm at the current rate, smoke from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires\">wildfires\u003c/a> will kill as many as 70,000 Americans a year by 2050, according to new research from Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research, published Thursday in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09611-w\">Nature\u003c/a>, found that wildfire smoke is already killing around 40,000 people a year in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is some of the strongest evidence available suggesting that the harms of wildfire smoke could become among the most dangerous consequences of climate change in the U.S. It contributes to a growing body of evidence demonstrating the link between human-caused climate change and worsening public health outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11929330/in-california-unhealthy-pollution-from-wildfire-smoke-has-become-dangerously-common\">disproportionately at risk\u003c/a> due to a substantial increase in wildfire activity in the Western U.S., said Marshall Burke, an environmental economist at Stanford and co-author of the study. The researchers estimate an excess of 5,060 deaths in the Golden State per year, compared to 2011–2020 — deaths that wouldn’t have happened if not for the effects of wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Northern California in particular has experienced immense wildfire smoke exposure in the past five to 10 years,” Burke told KQED. “Unfortunately, we project that’s going to increase in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960144\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960144\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02.jpg\" alt=\"The San Francisco skyline is illuminated in a burnt, orange smog during wildfire season.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisco skyline in the distance behind Crissy Field is barely visible due to smoke from wildfires burning across California on Sept. 9, 2020. \u003ccite>(Eric Risberg/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Decades of research have shown the relationship between a warming climate and more intense, more frequent wildfire activity. In California, this was most evident in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998245/the-summer-that-changed-california-forever\">the fire season of 2020\u003c/a>, which saw more land burned than any year in recorded state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to understand, what does that mean for the future?” Burke said. “Can we project how changes in wildfire activities and resulting smoke exposure will change under future climate, and can we map that all the way to health impacts, try to understand the health burden?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire smoke is so dangerous because it contains \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12051870/smoke-from-californias-largest-wildfire-this-year-is-expected-to-hit-bay-area-today\">fine particulate matter\u003c/a> — small particles of ash and soot that can get deep into the lungs and bloodstream.[aside postID=science_1998512 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/09/GETTYIMAGES-1409142795-KQED.jpg']In many parts of the Western U.S., the particulate matter from wildfire smoke in extreme smoke years has accounted for more than half of all air pollution, the study noted, and has led to reversals of 20-year gains in air quality since the passage of the Clean Air Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other research has found that Indigenous Californians are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994434/how-researchers-measure-wildfire-smoke-exposure-doesnt-capture-long-term-health-effects-%E2%88%92-and-hides-racial-disparities\">disproportionately exposed \u003c/a>to fine particulate matter from wildfires, experiencing 1.68 times more than expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, every year will not be as drastic as 2020, but Burke said the overall trend is clear. The study found that what has played out in the state over the past decade “is likely to increase in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These deaths will also exact a heavy financial toll, exceeding estimates of climate-caused damages from all other causes in the U.S. combined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study pointed to an “urgent need” for wildfire smoke adaptation and mitigation if these damages are to be avoided. Burke recommended forest management strategies like thinning and prescribed burns to reduce the dry vegetation that acts as a fuel for forest fires. Californians, especially those who are more vulnerable to wildfire smoke, can also reduce their exposure and protect themselves by staying indoors on hazy days and using air filters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are projections, not inevitabilities,” Burke said. “There’s a lot that we can do to hopefully make sure they don’t come to pass, that our projections are in fact wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Amanda Hernandez contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If the planet continues to warm at the current rate, smoke from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/wildfires\">wildfires\u003c/a> will kill as many as 70,000 Americans a year by 2050, according to new research from Stanford University.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The research, published Thursday in the journal \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-09611-w\">Nature\u003c/a>, found that wildfire smoke is already killing around 40,000 people a year in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study is some of the strongest evidence available suggesting that the harms of wildfire smoke could become among the most dangerous consequences of climate change in the U.S. It contributes to a growing body of evidence demonstrating the link between human-caused climate change and worsening public health outcomes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Californians are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11929330/in-california-unhealthy-pollution-from-wildfire-smoke-has-become-dangerously-common\">disproportionately at risk\u003c/a> due to a substantial increase in wildfire activity in the Western U.S., said Marshall Burke, an environmental economist at Stanford and co-author of the study. The researchers estimate an excess of 5,060 deaths in the Golden State per year, compared to 2011–2020 — deaths that wouldn’t have happened if not for the effects of wildfire smoke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Northern California in particular has experienced immense wildfire smoke exposure in the past five to 10 years,” Burke told KQED. “Unfortunately, we project that’s going to increase in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960144\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960144\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02.jpg\" alt=\"The San Francisco skyline is illuminated in a burnt, orange smog during wildfire season.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/CMWildfire02-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Francisco skyline in the distance behind Crissy Field is barely visible due to smoke from wildfires burning across California on Sept. 9, 2020. \u003ccite>(Eric Risberg/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Decades of research have shown the relationship between a warming climate and more intense, more frequent wildfire activity. In California, this was most evident in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998245/the-summer-that-changed-california-forever\">the fire season of 2020\u003c/a>, which saw more land burned than any year in recorded state history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We wanted to understand, what does that mean for the future?” Burke said. “Can we project how changes in wildfire activities and resulting smoke exposure will change under future climate, and can we map that all the way to health impacts, try to understand the health burden?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wildfire smoke is so dangerous because it contains \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12051870/smoke-from-californias-largest-wildfire-this-year-is-expected-to-hit-bay-area-today\">fine particulate matter\u003c/a> — small particles of ash and soot that can get deep into the lungs and bloodstream.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In many parts of the Western U.S., the particulate matter from wildfire smoke in extreme smoke years has accounted for more than half of all air pollution, the study noted, and has led to reversals of 20-year gains in air quality since the passage of the Clean Air Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other research has found that Indigenous Californians are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1994434/how-researchers-measure-wildfire-smoke-exposure-doesnt-capture-long-term-health-effects-%E2%88%92-and-hides-racial-disparities\">disproportionately exposed \u003c/a>to fine particulate matter from wildfires, experiencing 1.68 times more than expected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of course, every year will not be as drastic as 2020, but Burke said the overall trend is clear. The study found that what has played out in the state over the past decade “is likely to increase in the future.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These deaths will also exact a heavy financial toll, exceeding estimates of climate-caused damages from all other causes in the U.S. combined.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study pointed to an “urgent need” for wildfire smoke adaptation and mitigation if these damages are to be avoided. Burke recommended forest management strategies like thinning and prescribed burns to reduce the dry vegetation that acts as a fuel for forest fires. Californians, especially those who are more vulnerable to wildfire smoke, can also reduce their exposure and protect themselves by staying indoors on hazy days and using air filters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are projections, not inevitabilities,” Burke said. “There’s a lot that we can do to hopefully make sure they don’t come to pass, that our projections are in fact wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s Amanda Hernandez contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-lawmakers-will-vote-on-extending-the-cap-and-trade-program-and-boosting-grid-reliability",
"title": "California Extends Cap-and-Trade Program Aimed at Advancing State Climate Goals",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 1 p.m., Saturday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California will extend a key climate program under a bill state lawmakers passed Saturday, sending the measure to Gov. Gavin Newsom, who has championed it as a crucial tool to respond to the Trump administration’s environmental rollbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democrat-dominated Legislature voted to reauthorize the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-business-environment-pollution-california-air-resources-board-21d34adf68b5d612fbc37c3f10a13fef\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a>, which is set to expire after 2030. Then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, a Republican, signed a law authorizing the program in 2006, and it launched in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program sets a declining limit on total planet-warming emissions in the state from major polluters. Companies must reduce their emissions, buy allowances from the state or other businesses, or fund projects aimed at offsetting their emissions. Money the state receives from the sales funds climate-change mitigation, affordable housing and transportation projects, as well as utility bill credits for Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat, and legislative leaders, who said months ago they would prioritize reauthorizing the program, almost ran out of time to introduce the proposal before the statehouse wraps for the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After months of hard work with the Legislature, we have agreed to historic reforms that will save money on your electric bills, stabilize gas supply, and slash toxic air pollution — all while fast-tracking California’s transition to a clean, green job-creating economy,” Newsom said after striking the deal this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal would reauthorize the program through 2045, better align the declining cap on emissions with the state’s climate targets and potentially boost carbon-removal projects. It would also change the name to “cap and invest” to emphasize its funding of climate programs.[aside postID=news_12055786 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250509-BeniciaRefinery-30-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']The Legislature will vote on another bill committing annual funding from the program’s revenues. It includes $1 billion for the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-high-speed-rail-funding-federal-trump-efaabea020967ec42338c47bac863f4e\">long-delayed high-speed rail project\u003c/a>, $800 million for an affordable housing program, $250 million for community air protection programs and $1 billion for the Legislature to decide on annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The votes come as officials contend with balancing the state’s ambitious climate goals and the cost of living. California has some of the highest utility and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-gas-prices-gavin-newsom-oil-profits-penalty-price-gouging-c13eeb714b903c753882752c435dbe63\">gas prices\u003c/a> in the country. Officials face increased pressure to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/oil-gas-newsom-profits-prices-california-435d63922284a93130c40bac9558f093\">stabilize the cost and supply\u003c/a> of fuel amid the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-refinery-oil-phillips-66-shut-down-bbea1826c0d5d472273f97ad86b870f8\">planned closures\u003c/a> of two oil refineries that make up roughly 18% of the state’s refining capacity, according to energy regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents of the extension say it will give companies certainty over the program’s future. The state lost out on $3.6 billion in revenues over the past year and a half, largely due to uncertainty, according to a report from Clean and Prosperous California, a group of economists and lawyers supporting the program. Some environmentalists say the Trump administration’s attacks on climate programs, including the state’s first-in-the-nation \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-california-air-resources-board-climate-and-environment-dc75c11280f85a8ab134cf392497be68\">ban on the sale of new gas-powered cars by 2035\u003c/a>, added urgency to the reauthorization effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cap and trade is an important cost-effective tool for curbing carbon emissions, said Katelyn Roedner Sutter, the California state director for the Environmental Defense Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Supporting this program and making this commitment into the future is extremely important — now more than ever,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental justice advocates opposing the proposal say it doesn’t go far enough and lacks strong air quality protections for low-income Californians and communities of color more likely to live near major polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This really continues to allow big oil to reduce their emissions on paper instead of in real life,” said Asha Sharma, state policy manager at the Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP lawmakers criticized the program, saying it would make living in California more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cap and trade has become cap and tax,” said James Gallagher, the Assembly Republican minority leader. “It’s going to raise everybody’s costs.”[aside postID=news_12053867 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-01_qed.jpg']Cap and trade has increased gas costs by about 26 cents per gallon, according to a February report from the Independent Emissions Market Advisory Committee, a group of experts that analyzes the program. It has played “a very small role” in increasing electricity prices because the state’s grid isn’t very carbon intensive, the report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers and lobbyists criticized the governor and legislative leaders for rushing the deal through with little public input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Golombek, executive vice president of the California Chamber of Commerce, said at a hearing this week that the Legislature should have taken more time “to do this right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic state Sen. Caroline Menjivar said it shouldn’t be par for the course for lawmakers to jam through bills without the opportunity for amendments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re expected to vote on it,” she said of Democrats. “If not, you’re seen to not be part of the team or not want to be a team player.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menjivar ultimately voted to advance the bill out of committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Energy affordability and fuel supply\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The cap-and-trade bills are part of a sweeping package aimed at advancing the state’s energy transition and lowering costs for Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the bills would speed up permitting for oil production in Kern County, which proponents have hailed as a necessary response to planned refinery closures and critics have blasted as a threat to air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another would increase requirements for air monitoring in areas overburdened by pollution and codify a bureau within the Justice Department created in 2018 to protect communities from environmental injustices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state could refill a fund that covers the cost of wildfire damage when utility equipment sparks a blaze. The bill would set up public financing to build electric utility projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers will also vote on a measure allowing the state’s grid operator to partner with a regional group to manage power markets in western states. The bill aims to improve grid reliability. It would save ratepayers money because California would sell power to other states when it generates more than it needs and buy cheaper energy from out of state when necessary, the governor’s office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The State Legislature has voted to extend the state's cap-and-trade program that Gov. Gavin Newsom says will help California meet its climate goals in the face of the Trump administration's environmental rollbacks.",
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"title": "California Extends Cap-and-Trade Program Aimed at Advancing State Climate Goals | KQED",
"description": "The State Legislature has voted to extend the state's cap-and-trade program that Gov. Gavin Newsom says will help California meet its climate goals in the face of the Trump administration's environmental rollbacks.",
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"headline": "California Extends Cap-and-Trade Program Aimed at Advancing State Climate Goals",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Updated 1 p.m., Saturday\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California will extend a key climate program under a bill state lawmakers passed Saturday, sending the measure to Gov. Gavin Newsom, who has championed it as a crucial tool to respond to the Trump administration’s environmental rollbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Democrat-dominated Legislature voted to reauthorize the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/climate-business-environment-pollution-california-air-resources-board-21d34adf68b5d612fbc37c3f10a13fef\">cap-and-trade program\u003c/a>, which is set to expire after 2030. Then-Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger, a Republican, signed a law authorizing the program in 2006, and it launched in 2013.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The program sets a declining limit on total planet-warming emissions in the state from major polluters. Companies must reduce their emissions, buy allowances from the state or other businesses, or fund projects aimed at offsetting their emissions. Money the state receives from the sales funds climate-change mitigation, affordable housing and transportation projects, as well as utility bill credits for Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom, a Democrat, and legislative leaders, who said months ago they would prioritize reauthorizing the program, almost ran out of time to introduce the proposal before the statehouse wraps for the year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After months of hard work with the Legislature, we have agreed to historic reforms that will save money on your electric bills, stabilize gas supply, and slash toxic air pollution — all while fast-tracking California’s transition to a clean, green job-creating economy,” Newsom said after striking the deal this week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposal would reauthorize the program through 2045, better align the declining cap on emissions with the state’s climate targets and potentially boost carbon-removal projects. It would also change the name to “cap and invest” to emphasize its funding of climate programs.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The Legislature will vote on another bill committing annual funding from the program’s revenues. It includes $1 billion for the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-high-speed-rail-funding-federal-trump-efaabea020967ec42338c47bac863f4e\">long-delayed high-speed rail project\u003c/a>, $800 million for an affordable housing program, $250 million for community air protection programs and $1 billion for the Legislature to decide on annually.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The votes come as officials contend with balancing the state’s ambitious climate goals and the cost of living. California has some of the highest utility and \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-gas-prices-gavin-newsom-oil-profits-penalty-price-gouging-c13eeb714b903c753882752c435dbe63\">gas prices\u003c/a> in the country. Officials face increased pressure to \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/oil-gas-newsom-profits-prices-california-435d63922284a93130c40bac9558f093\">stabilize the cost and supply\u003c/a> of fuel amid the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-refinery-oil-phillips-66-shut-down-bbea1826c0d5d472273f97ad86b870f8\">planned closures\u003c/a> of two oil refineries that make up roughly 18% of the state’s refining capacity, according to energy regulators.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Proponents of the extension say it will give companies certainty over the program’s future. The state lost out on $3.6 billion in revenues over the past year and a half, largely due to uncertainty, according to a report from Clean and Prosperous California, a group of economists and lawyers supporting the program. Some environmentalists say the Trump administration’s attacks on climate programs, including the state’s first-in-the-nation \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/technology-california-air-resources-board-climate-and-environment-dc75c11280f85a8ab134cf392497be68\">ban on the sale of new gas-powered cars by 2035\u003c/a>, added urgency to the reauthorization effort.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cap and trade is an important cost-effective tool for curbing carbon emissions, said Katelyn Roedner Sutter, the California state director for the Environmental Defense Fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Supporting this program and making this commitment into the future is extremely important — now more than ever,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But environmental justice advocates opposing the proposal say it doesn’t go far enough and lacks strong air quality protections for low-income Californians and communities of color more likely to live near major polluters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This really continues to allow big oil to reduce their emissions on paper instead of in real life,” said Asha Sharma, state policy manager at the Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GOP lawmakers criticized the program, saying it would make living in California more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cap and trade has become cap and tax,” said James Gallagher, the Assembly Republican minority leader. “It’s going to raise everybody’s costs.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Cap and trade has increased gas costs by about 26 cents per gallon, according to a February report from the Independent Emissions Market Advisory Committee, a group of experts that analyzes the program. It has played “a very small role” in increasing electricity prices because the state’s grid isn’t very carbon intensive, the report says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers and lobbyists criticized the governor and legislative leaders for rushing the deal through with little public input.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Golombek, executive vice president of the California Chamber of Commerce, said at a hearing this week that the Legislature should have taken more time “to do this right.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Democratic state Sen. Caroline Menjivar said it shouldn’t be par for the course for lawmakers to jam through bills without the opportunity for amendments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re expected to vote on it,” she said of Democrats. “If not, you’re seen to not be part of the team or not want to be a team player.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Menjivar ultimately voted to advance the bill out of committee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"mb-0 pb-2 ap-font-bold\">Energy affordability and fuel supply\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The cap-and-trade bills are part of a sweeping package aimed at advancing the state’s energy transition and lowering costs for Californians.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the bills would speed up permitting for oil production in Kern County, which proponents have hailed as a necessary response to planned refinery closures and critics have blasted as a threat to air quality.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another would increase requirements for air monitoring in areas overburdened by pollution and codify a bureau within the Justice Department created in 2018 to protect communities from environmental injustices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state could refill a fund that covers the cost of wildfire damage when utility equipment sparks a blaze. The bill would set up public financing to build electric utility projects.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lawmakers will also vote on a measure allowing the state’s grid operator to partner with a regional group to manage power markets in western states. The bill aims to improve grid reliability. It would save ratepayers money because California would sell power to other states when it generates more than it needs and buy cheaper energy from out of state when necessary, the governor’s office said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "california-lawmakers-reach-last-minute-deals-on-climate-energy",
"title": "California Lawmakers Reach Last-Minute Deals on Climate, Energy",
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"headTitle": "California Lawmakers Reach Last-Minute Deals on Climate, Energy | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Late-night negotiations between Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> and Democratic leaders in the state Legislature produced a flurry of agreements on Wednesday on pivotal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12052825/whats-next-for-californias-landmark-climate-program\">climate\u003c/a> and energy programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After months of hard work with the Legislature, we have agreed to historic reforms that will save money on your electric bills, stabilize gas supply, and slash toxic air pollution — all while fast-tracking California’s transition to a clean, green job-creating economy,” Newsom said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On their own, each of the deals to extend the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12040286/how-california-cap-and-trade-works-and-how-newsom-wants-to-change-it\">cap-and-trade\u003c/a> climate program, ease regulations on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910826/california-considers-more-drilling-and-other-concessions-to-big-oil-as-gas-prices-rise\">oil and gas\u003c/a> production, reform utility spending and advance regional energy sharing is a controversial and complex endeavor. Taken together, they present lawmakers with a series of monumental choices over California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027878/california-lawmakers-aim-lower-electricity-bills-but-theyll-face-tough-choices\">energy transition\u003c/a> with just a few days left in the legislative year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re at this point where we are paying for the effects of climate change, while we’re also trying to transition to the new future we want to see,” said Merrian Borgeson, a policy expert from the Natural Resources Defense Council. “But I think we’re standing up to the challenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many environmentalists praised the agreements for advancing the state’s climate goals with an eye on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12053867/affordability-concerns-at-center-of-cap-and-trade-renewal-debate\">affordability\u003c/a>, environmental justice and consumer advocates slammed many of the provisions as a sellout to the oil and gas industry. Numerous participants in the negotiations agreed they had rarely seen a collection of high-stakes climate policies come together in such a whirlwind of last-minute negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12040806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12040806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California State Capitol in Sacramento on May 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This was a wretched process,” said Katie Valenzuela, a consultant for environmental justice groups. “This was the most closed-door, hardest-to-influence process from a community perspective that I’ve ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Senate and Assembly will not be able to vote on the bills until Saturday morning, due to a state rule requiring all bills to be in print for 72 hours before a final vote. Lawmakers will need to extend the session, currently set to recess on Friday at midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cap-and-trade extension\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After months of talks, lawmakers reached an agreement on an extension of cap-and-trade — the landmark program designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative, renamed cap-and-invest, sets a limit on the planet-warming pollution that refineries, power plants and other factories can release — a cap that is lowered every year. Companies can either reduce their emissions or bid on allowances that give them permission to pollute. The auctions for those allowances raise billions of dollars for the state every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055464\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055464\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Valero Benicia Refinery in Benicia, on May 8, 2025, which processes up to 170,000 barrels of oil a day, making gasoline, diesel, and other fuels for California. Valero plans to shut down the Benicia refinery by April 2026, citing high costs and strict environmental rules. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB1207/id/3136896\">Assembly Bill 1207\u003c/a> would extend cap-and-invest through 2045, sending a signal of stability to the carbon markets that supporters hope will increase auction returns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extended in a manner that will help ensure we actually meet our 2045 [greenhouse gas reduction] goals,” said Katelyn Roedner Sutter, California state director for the Environmental Defense Fund. “It addresses affordability concerns, and it maintains California as a climate leader.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 1207 shifts the California Climate Credit to summer months, when higher air conditioning use causes electricity bills to spike. A companion measure, \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB840/id/3191153\">Senate Bill 840\u003c/a>, detailed how the revenues from carbon auctions will be spent — including setting aside $1 billion a year for the state’s high-speed rail system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental justice advocates said capping statewide emissions does little for residents living near refineries and other pollution hotspots. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050096/californias-clean-air-program-for-polluted-communities-faces-crossroads\">program created\u003c/a> during the last cap-and-trade reauthorization in 2017 was supposed to reduce local air pollution through community-designed plans, but has been criticized for having little teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valenzuela said a proposal to give the local pollution reduction plans more staying power was left out of the final agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Disappointing doesn’t honestly feel like it describes it,” she said. “This is a terrible outcome for our communities, and we are incredibly frustrated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New incentives for the oil industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Environmental justice groups were further incensed by \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB237\">Senate Bill 237\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill aims to loosen some of California’s environmental regulations to hedge against rising gasoline prices and respond to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036695/shocking-news-valero-announces-plans-to-end-operations-at-benicia-refinery\">planned closure\u003c/a> of two oil refineries in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the only state in the nation that requires motorists to shift to a lower-emissions fuel in the summer. The state’s fuel standard has reduced smog and improved air quality for decades, but consumers continue to pay higher prices for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, if passed, would require the Governor to suspend the higher fuel standard whenever prices spike for more than 30 days, or appear likely to do so.[aside postID=news_12053867 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-01_qed.jpg']Jamie Court, president of Consumer Watchdog, called it a “deregulation bonanza.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all about retreating on the things that have worked in this state,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would also remove regulatory and legal obstacles for thousands of oil wells in Kern County by exempting them from a final review under the California Environmental Quality Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies and environmentalists have clashed for more than a decade over challenges that have effectively stalled the permitting process for drilling new oil wells in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The politics of this are that everyone’s really worried,” said Deborah A. Sivas, director of the Environmental and Natural Resources Law & Policy Program at Stanford Law School. “We’re seeing affordability issues all over the place in the energy sector … so that’s the hook for the industry to say, ‘oh, you need to let us drill more because then we’ll feed more crude oil to the refineries.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sivas worried that more drilling would lead to more abandoned wells that threaten to taint water supplies and create other environmental hazards, because she said drilling for oil in California is just not sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The future is not in oil production in California,” she said.“That was the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Utility reform and wildfire fund\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB254\">Senate Bill 254\u003c/a>, authored by state Sen. Josh Becker, D-San Mateo, and Assemblymember Cottie Petrie-Norris, D-Irvine, tackles several angles of climate and energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among them is a proposal to have the state fund some power-grid investments with revenue bonds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s three large investor-owned utilities, Pacific Gas & Electric, Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas & Electric, typically pay for grid improvements with capital expenditures, which allow them to earn a guaranteed profit for shareholders. Proponents of the bills say financing these improvements publicly, through bonds, would bring down costs to ratepayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11660347\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E workers work to repair power lines in the Coffey Park neighborhood following the damage caused by the Tubbs Fire. \u003ccite>(Elijah Nouvelage/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mark Toney, executive director of The Utility Reform Network, said the bill could save Californians billions of dollars over the next decade and was “a small step in the right direction for ratepayer affordability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Utilities initially opposed the bill and said public financing threatened their ability to attract private investors, and pushed back with a public relations campaign \u003ca href=\"https://raterealities.com/\">criticizing\u003c/a> the proposal. But they praised the addition of new money for the state’s wildfire fund, which was nearly depleted by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998021/socal-edisons-liability-from-the-eaton-fire-threatens-to-gobble-up-states-safety-fund\">January blazes in Los Angeles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Utilities can draw on this money to cover liability if their electrical equipment starts a damaging wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation proposes that utilities and ratepayers would each cover half of the nearly $18 billion fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, SCE and SDG&E issued a joint statement saying the wildfire fund would “help victims and communities recover and rebuild, without raising customer rates. While this legislation represents progress, more work is needed to create comprehensive and permanent solutions to address wildfire risk in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A final bill, Assembly Bill 825, would enable California to join a new, Western electricity market. Supporters touted the plan as a way to ensure the reliability of California’s grid by letting the state buy and sell power across the region. At the same time, opponents warned California’s participation in an interstate grid would loosen state control over energy supply and cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "California’s top Democratic lawmakers have rushed to negotiate a series of closed-door climate, energy and transit deals before the end of the Legislative session.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Late-night negotiations between Gov. \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/gavin-newsom\">Gavin Newsom\u003c/a> and Democratic leaders in the state Legislature produced a flurry of agreements on Wednesday on pivotal \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12052825/whats-next-for-californias-landmark-climate-program\">climate\u003c/a> and energy programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After months of hard work with the Legislature, we have agreed to historic reforms that will save money on your electric bills, stabilize gas supply, and slash toxic air pollution — all while fast-tracking California’s transition to a clean, green job-creating economy,” Newsom said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On their own, each of the deals to extend the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12040286/how-california-cap-and-trade-works-and-how-newsom-wants-to-change-it\">cap-and-trade\u003c/a> climate program, ease regulations on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101910826/california-considers-more-drilling-and-other-concessions-to-big-oil-as-gas-prices-rise\">oil and gas\u003c/a> production, reform utility spending and advance regional energy sharing is a controversial and complex endeavor. Taken together, they present lawmakers with a series of monumental choices over California’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027878/california-lawmakers-aim-lower-electricity-bills-but-theyll-face-tough-choices\">energy transition\u003c/a> with just a few days left in the legislative year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re at this point where we are paying for the effects of climate change, while we’re also trying to transition to the new future we want to see,” said Merrian Borgeson, a policy expert from the Natural Resources Defense Council. “But I think we’re standing up to the challenge.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many environmentalists praised the agreements for advancing the state’s climate goals with an eye on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12053867/affordability-concerns-at-center-of-cap-and-trade-renewal-debate\">affordability\u003c/a>, environmental justice and consumer advocates slammed many of the provisions as a sellout to the oil and gas industry. Numerous participants in the negotiations agreed they had rarely seen a collection of high-stakes climate policies come together in such a whirlwind of last-minute negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12040806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12040806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/05/250506-SACRAMENTOFILE-04-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The California State Capitol in Sacramento on May 6, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“This was a wretched process,” said Katie Valenzuela, a consultant for environmental justice groups. “This was the most closed-door, hardest-to-influence process from a community perspective that I’ve ever seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state Senate and Assembly will not be able to vote on the bills until Saturday morning, due to a state rule requiring all bills to be in print for 72 hours before a final vote. Lawmakers will need to extend the session, currently set to recess on Friday at midnight.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Cap-and-trade extension\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>After months of talks, lawmakers reached an agreement on an extension of cap-and-trade — the landmark program designed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The initiative, renamed cap-and-invest, sets a limit on the planet-warming pollution that refineries, power plants and other factories can release — a cap that is lowered every year. Companies can either reduce their emissions or bid on allowances that give them permission to pollute. The auctions for those allowances raise billions of dollars for the state every year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055464\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055464\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250509-BeniciaRefinery-32-BL_qed-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Valero Benicia Refinery in Benicia, on May 8, 2025, which processes up to 170,000 barrels of oil a day, making gasoline, diesel, and other fuels for California. Valero plans to shut down the Benicia refinery by April 2026, citing high costs and strict environmental rules. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/AB1207/id/3136896\">Assembly Bill 1207\u003c/a> would extend cap-and-invest through 2045, sending a signal of stability to the carbon markets that supporters hope will increase auction returns.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is extended in a manner that will help ensure we actually meet our 2045 [greenhouse gas reduction] goals,” said Katelyn Roedner Sutter, California state director for the Environmental Defense Fund. “It addresses affordability concerns, and it maintains California as a climate leader.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 1207 shifts the California Climate Credit to summer months, when higher air conditioning use causes electricity bills to spike. A companion measure, \u003ca href=\"https://legiscan.com/CA/text/SB840/id/3191153\">Senate Bill 840\u003c/a>, detailed how the revenues from carbon auctions will be spent — including setting aside $1 billion a year for the state’s high-speed rail system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmental justice advocates said capping statewide emissions does little for residents living near refineries and other pollution hotspots. A \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12050096/californias-clean-air-program-for-polluted-communities-faces-crossroads\">program created\u003c/a> during the last cap-and-trade reauthorization in 2017 was supposed to reduce local air pollution through community-designed plans, but has been criticized for having little teeth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valenzuela said a proposal to give the local pollution reduction plans more staying power was left out of the final agreement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Disappointing doesn’t honestly feel like it describes it,” she said. “This is a terrible outcome for our communities, and we are incredibly frustrated.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>New incentives for the oil industry\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Environmental justice groups were further incensed by \u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB237\">Senate Bill 237\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill aims to loosen some of California’s environmental regulations to hedge against rising gasoline prices and respond to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036695/shocking-news-valero-announces-plans-to-end-operations-at-benicia-refinery\">planned closure\u003c/a> of two oil refineries in the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is the only state in the nation that requires motorists to shift to a lower-emissions fuel in the summer. The state’s fuel standard has reduced smog and improved air quality for decades, but consumers continue to pay higher prices for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, if passed, would require the Governor to suspend the higher fuel standard whenever prices spike for more than 30 days, or appear likely to do so.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Jamie Court, president of Consumer Watchdog, called it a “deregulation bonanza.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s all about retreating on the things that have worked in this state,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill would also remove regulatory and legal obstacles for thousands of oil wells in Kern County by exempting them from a final review under the California Environmental Quality Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oil companies and environmentalists have clashed for more than a decade over challenges that have effectively stalled the permitting process for drilling new oil wells in Kern County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The politics of this are that everyone’s really worried,” said Deborah A. Sivas, director of the Environmental and Natural Resources Law & Policy Program at Stanford Law School. “We’re seeing affordability issues all over the place in the energy sector … so that’s the hook for the industry to say, ‘oh, you need to let us drill more because then we’ll feed more crude oil to the refineries.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sivas worried that more drilling would lead to more abandoned wells that threaten to taint water supplies and create other environmental hazards, because she said drilling for oil in California is just not sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The future is not in oil production in California,” she said.“That was the past.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Utility reform and wildfire fund\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202520260SB254\">Senate Bill 254\u003c/a>, authored by state Sen. Josh Becker, D-San Mateo, and Assemblymember Cottie Petrie-Norris, D-Irvine, tackles several angles of climate and energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among them is a proposal to have the state fund some power-grid investments with revenue bonds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The state’s three large investor-owned utilities, Pacific Gas & Electric, Southern California Edison and San Diego Gas & Electric, typically pay for grid improvements with capital expenditures, which allow them to earn a guaranteed profit for shareholders. Proponents of the bills say financing these improvements publicly, through bonds, would bring down costs to ratepayers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11660347\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11660347\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-960x640.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-240x160.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-375x250.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/RS30321_GettyImages-860975008-qut-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E workers work to repair power lines in the Coffey Park neighborhood following the damage caused by the Tubbs Fire. \u003ccite>(Elijah Nouvelage/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mark Toney, executive director of The Utility Reform Network, said the bill could save Californians billions of dollars over the next decade and was “a small step in the right direction for ratepayer affordability.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Utilities initially opposed the bill and said public financing threatened their ability to attract private investors, and pushed back with a public relations campaign \u003ca href=\"https://raterealities.com/\">criticizing\u003c/a> the proposal. But they praised the addition of new money for the state’s wildfire fund, which was nearly depleted by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1998021/socal-edisons-liability-from-the-eaton-fire-threatens-to-gobble-up-states-safety-fund\">January blazes in Los Angeles\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Utilities can draw on this money to cover liability if their electrical equipment starts a damaging wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The legislation proposes that utilities and ratepayers would each cover half of the nearly $18 billion fund.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PG&E, SCE and SDG&E issued a joint statement saying the wildfire fund would “help victims and communities recover and rebuild, without raising customer rates. While this legislation represents progress, more work is needed to create comprehensive and permanent solutions to address wildfire risk in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A final bill, Assembly Bill 825, would enable California to join a new, Western electricity market. Supporters touted the plan as a way to ensure the reliability of California’s grid by letting the state buy and sell power across the region. At the same time, opponents warned California’s participation in an interstate grid would loosen state control over energy supply and cost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"info": "Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.",
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"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"live-from-here-highlights": {
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"title": "Live from Here Highlights",
"info": "Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. Download Chris’s Song of the Week plus other highlights from the broadcast. Produced by American Public Media.",
"airtime": "SAT 6pm-8pm, SUN 11am-1pm",
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"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/live-from-here-highlights",
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"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/a-prairie-home-companion-highlights/rss/rss"
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"marketplace": {
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 13
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 12
},
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"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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"our-body-politic": {
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"title": "Our Body Politic",
"info": "Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.",
"airtime": "SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/our-body-politic",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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