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"content": "\u003cp>A San Francisco supervisor is aiming to expand the local historic designation of the building that was once home to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/comptons-cafeteria-riot\">Compton’s Cafeteria\u003c/a>, where one of the first uprisings for transgender rights against police took place in 1966.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance, introduced Tuesday by Supervisor Bilal Mahmood, who represents the city’s Transgender District in the Tenderloin, would require city approval for the owners of 111 Taylor St. to make changes to the building’s exterior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about ensuring that the history of trans resistance in the Tenderloin is preserved with the integrity it deserves,” Mahmood said in a statement. “This legislation ensures our local protections reflect the full significance of the historic Compton’s Cafeteria site.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, a coalition of transgender activists \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13978869/trans-activists-vow-to-liberate-comptons-after-sf-board-of-appeals-loss\">attempted to oust a private prison corporation\u003c/a> that operates a transitional housing facility for people on parole at the site. Their appeal was officially a zoning dispute — the activists alleged that Geo Reentry Services, a subsidiary of Geo Group, was operating the building outside the scope of its zoned use for group housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the deeper root of the appeal was Geo Group’s reputation and business practices. The activists argued that the company, which also operates Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers and is accused by former tenants of running the Tenderloin facility as a prison-like environment, is misaligned with the space’s roots in queer activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1960s, the building at the corner of Taylor and Turk streets was home to Gene Compton’s Cafeteria, a late-night diner that was a popular hangout spot for trans women and queer people. Police often raided it, and in August 1966, diners rioted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063234\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">111 Taylor St., the former Compton’s Cafeteria site now operated as a GEO Group halfway house, stands in San Francisco’s Tenderloin on July 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The event — three years before the Stonewall Inn Riot in New York City — led to the city being the first in the U.S. to launch social services for the trans community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building is now the ending point for the annual Trans March during Pride, and sits at the center of the city’s Transgender District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breonna McCree, the co-executive director of the Transgender District, said the building’s current use by Geo Group is “miles from where it should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be a space where trans and nonbinary [people] can come to seek refuge, seek housing, seek shelter,” she told KQED. “It should be a place where trans and nonbinary people can design the space for the youth, because that’s where it all started for San Francisco.”[aside postID=news_12069545 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260102-hazelsinnraid00040_TV_qed.jpg']Ultimately, the city’s Board of Appeals voted 4-1 in favor of Geo Group, with multiple commissioners saying that while they agreed with the activists’ perspective, that wasn’t the question they were required to answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we had a proposition on the city buying the property and handing it over to the trans community as a community center, I would vote the same way that a lot of folks in this room would,” Commissioner Jose Lopez said at the July 2025 hearing. “But that’s not what’s on the table for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahmood said since Geo Group owns the building, the city isn’t able to demand that the company change its use. But the ordinance will ensure that Geo Group is unable to make cosmetic changes to its exterior, preserving, at least, the physical space that’s considered a major landmark for the queer community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2022, the city has designated the intersection of Turk and Taylor, as well as portions of the building exterior, as a landmark. The building was also added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2025, making it the first federally recognized historic site associated with the transgender rights movement. But activists have said those designations don’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have in terms of landmarking [now] is really a partial landmarking,” Mahmood told KQED. “We really feel that in light of what’s happening in the community that we could lose key historical features, and this is about preventing erasure of the full story of what happened here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance will have to go before the Land Use and Transportation Committee in the coming weeks. Mahmood said he hopes the proposal will be heard in late June or early July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/nvoynovskaya\">\u003cem>Nastia Voynovskaya\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A San Francisco supervisor is aiming to expand the local historic designation of the building that was once home to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/comptons-cafeteria-riot\">Compton’s Cafeteria\u003c/a>, where one of the first uprisings for transgender rights against police took place in 1966.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance, introduced Tuesday by Supervisor Bilal Mahmood, who represents the city’s Transgender District in the Tenderloin, would require city approval for the owners of 111 Taylor St. to make changes to the building’s exterior.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is about ensuring that the history of trans resistance in the Tenderloin is preserved with the integrity it deserves,” Mahmood said in a statement. “This legislation ensures our local protections reflect the full significance of the historic Compton’s Cafeteria site.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, a coalition of transgender activists \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13978869/trans-activists-vow-to-liberate-comptons-after-sf-board-of-appeals-loss\">attempted to oust a private prison corporation\u003c/a> that operates a transitional housing facility for people on parole at the site. Their appeal was officially a zoning dispute — the activists alleged that Geo Reentry Services, a subsidiary of Geo Group, was operating the building outside the scope of its zoned use for group housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the deeper root of the appeal was Geo Group’s reputation and business practices. The activists argued that the company, which also operates Immigration and Customs Enforcement detention centers and is accused by former tenants of running the Tenderloin facility as a prison-like environment, is misaligned with the space’s roots in queer activism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the 1960s, the building at the corner of Taylor and Turk streets was home to Gene Compton’s Cafeteria, a late-night diner that was a popular hangout spot for trans women and queer people. Police often raided it, and in August 1966, diners rioted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063234\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063234\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/250716_ComptonsCafeteriaBuilding_GH-2_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">111 Taylor St., the former Compton’s Cafeteria site now operated as a GEO Group halfway house, stands in San Francisco’s Tenderloin on July 16, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The event — three years before the Stonewall Inn Riot in New York City — led to the city being the first in the U.S. to launch social services for the trans community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The building is now the ending point for the annual Trans March during Pride, and sits at the center of the city’s Transgender District.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breonna McCree, the co-executive director of the Transgender District, said the building’s current use by Geo Group is “miles from where it should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It should be a space where trans and nonbinary [people] can come to seek refuge, seek housing, seek shelter,” she told KQED. “It should be a place where trans and nonbinary people can design the space for the youth, because that’s where it all started for San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Ultimately, the city’s Board of Appeals voted 4-1 in favor of Geo Group, with multiple commissioners saying that while they agreed with the activists’ perspective, that wasn’t the question they were required to answer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we had a proposition on the city buying the property and handing it over to the trans community as a community center, I would vote the same way that a lot of folks in this room would,” Commissioner Jose Lopez said at the July 2025 hearing. “But that’s not what’s on the table for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahmood said since Geo Group owns the building, the city isn’t able to demand that the company change its use. But the ordinance will ensure that Geo Group is unable to make cosmetic changes to its exterior, preserving, at least, the physical space that’s considered a major landmark for the queer community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2022, the city has designated the intersection of Turk and Taylor, as well as portions of the building exterior, as a landmark. The building was also added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2025, making it the first federally recognized historic site associated with the transgender rights movement. But activists have said those designations don’t go far enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we have in terms of landmarking [now] is really a partial landmarking,” Mahmood told KQED. “We really feel that in light of what’s happening in the community that we could lose key historical features, and this is about preventing erasure of the full story of what happened here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The ordinance will have to go before the Land Use and Transportation Committee in the coming weeks. Mahmood said he hopes the proposal will be heard in late June or early July.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/nvoynovskaya\">\u003cem>Nastia Voynovskaya\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "San Francisco Will Start Dismantling the Vaillancourt Fountain on Monday",
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"content": "\u003cp>After a monthslong battle over the fate of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12079227/judge-rules-san-francisco-can-remove-embattled-brutalist-fountain\">the Embarcadero’s Vaillancourt Fountain\u003c/a>, San Francisco officials said they will begin disassembly next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The removal of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069424/iconic-often-reviled-sf-fountain-is-down-to-its-last-chance-to-stave-off-removal\">embattled public art piece \u003c/a>has been hotly contested since it was approved via an emergency exemption from environmental review last fall, and supporters have a pending legal challenge to keep it in place. But the city’s Recreation and Park Department said workers will begin labeling the fountain’s parts and bringing equipment onsite on Monday, kicking off the removal process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Built by sculptor Armand Vaillancourt in the early 1970s, the Embarcadero Plaza fountain has been controversial since its debut — loved by some art historians and San Francisco skateboarders, while others have compared its appearance to dog poop and dynamited debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the sculpture has suffered from significant corrosion and deterioration, and has been inoperable as a fountain since May 2024. The department said the structure also contains hazardous materials such as asbestos and lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Rec and Parks declared it an imminent threat to public safety and obtained emergency permission to remove it, bypassing the typical California Environmental Quality Act review needed to remove such a landmark. The San Francisco Arts Commission, which oversees the fountain as part of the city’s civic art collection, also approved the removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055238\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vaillancourt Fountain in the Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Sept. 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A coalition of fountain supporters, including nonprofit groups Docomomo US/Northern California and the Cultural Landscape Foundation, along with skateboarders and some art fans, have tried a number of ways to halt the fountain’s removal, first asking the Board of Supervisors in January to require the environmental review process before disassembly can move forward, and later filing a legal complaint with the San Francisco Superior Court asking for the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Superior Court Judge Jeffrey Ross denied their preliminary injunction, which would have temporarily halted the removal while the legal case plays out. The hearing date for the legal case is set for August, but following the preliminary ruling, the city attorney’s office said, “There is nothing legal preventing the city from moving forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Brandt-Hawley, an attorney representing the fountain’s supporters, has said, though, that there is no emergency, and the city should leave the sculpture in place until the legal case concludes.[aside postID=news_12055275 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250910-VAILLANCOURT-FOUNTAIN-REMOVAL-MD-01-KQED.jpg']“Yes, the fountain’s condition requires action,” she told KQED earlier this month. “The city has conceded that adequate security can keep the public out of the fountain, and then there’s no danger to the public. The legal case can go ahead to see whether public CEQA review is required or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the removal process set to begin next week will be led by Silverado Contractors, under the supervision of San Francisco Public Works, Recreation and Parks and in consultation with the Arts Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BXP, a real estate development group that is currently working on a larger renovation of the Embarcadero Plaza and neighboring Sue Biermann Park, is also involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rec and Parks spokesperson Tamara Aparton said that in May, workers will begin an “exploratory pilot” to study one or two arms of the structure, which she said is necessary since the sculpture doesn’t match its design drawings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This process allows engineers and preservation experts to study the structure in real time and adjust methods as work progresses,” Aparton said via email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the initial phase, crews will transition to a more “efficient removal” process, expected to take several months. During that time, Rec and Parks said the Embarcadero Plaza will remain open, and park rangers will provide security in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>After a monthslong battle over the fate of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12079227/judge-rules-san-francisco-can-remove-embattled-brutalist-fountain\">the Embarcadero’s Vaillancourt Fountain\u003c/a>, San Francisco officials said they will begin disassembly next week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The removal of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069424/iconic-often-reviled-sf-fountain-is-down-to-its-last-chance-to-stave-off-removal\">embattled public art piece \u003c/a>has been hotly contested since it was approved via an emergency exemption from environmental review last fall, and supporters have a pending legal challenge to keep it in place. But the city’s Recreation and Park Department said workers will begin labeling the fountain’s parts and bringing equipment onsite on Monday, kicking off the removal process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Built by sculptor Armand Vaillancourt in the early 1970s, the Embarcadero Plaza fountain has been controversial since its debut — loved by some art historians and San Francisco skateboarders, while others have compared its appearance to dog poop and dynamited debris.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the sculpture has suffered from significant corrosion and deterioration, and has been inoperable as a fountain since May 2024. The department said the structure also contains hazardous materials such as asbestos and lead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, Rec and Parks declared it an imminent threat to public safety and obtained emergency permission to remove it, bypassing the typical California Environmental Quality Act review needed to remove such a landmark. The San Francisco Arts Commission, which oversees the fountain as part of the city’s civic art collection, also approved the removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055238\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055238\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vaillancourt Fountain in the Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Sept. 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A coalition of fountain supporters, including nonprofit groups Docomomo US/Northern California and the Cultural Landscape Foundation, along with skateboarders and some art fans, have tried a number of ways to halt the fountain’s removal, first asking the Board of Supervisors in January to require the environmental review process before disassembly can move forward, and later filing a legal complaint with the San Francisco Superior Court asking for the same.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this month, Superior Court Judge Jeffrey Ross denied their preliminary injunction, which would have temporarily halted the removal while the legal case plays out. The hearing date for the legal case is set for August, but following the preliminary ruling, the city attorney’s office said, “There is nothing legal preventing the city from moving forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Susan Brandt-Hawley, an attorney representing the fountain’s supporters, has said, though, that there is no emergency, and the city should leave the sculpture in place until the legal case concludes.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Yes, the fountain’s condition requires action,” she told KQED earlier this month. “The city has conceded that adequate security can keep the public out of the fountain, and then there’s no danger to the public. The legal case can go ahead to see whether public CEQA review is required or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, the removal process set to begin next week will be led by Silverado Contractors, under the supervision of San Francisco Public Works, Recreation and Parks and in consultation with the Arts Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>BXP, a real estate development group that is currently working on a larger renovation of the Embarcadero Plaza and neighboring Sue Biermann Park, is also involved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rec and Parks spokesperson Tamara Aparton said that in May, workers will begin an “exploratory pilot” to study one or two arms of the structure, which she said is necessary since the sculpture doesn’t match its design drawings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This process allows engineers and preservation experts to study the structure in real time and adjust methods as work progresses,” Aparton said via email.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the initial phase, crews will transition to a more “efficient removal” process, expected to take several months. During that time, Rec and Parks said the Embarcadero Plaza will remain open, and park rangers will provide security in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "official-san-francisco-hippie-hill-celebration-canceled-for-third-time-in-a-row-where-to-observe-420-around-the-bay-area",
"title": "Official San Francisco Hippie Hill Celebration Canceled for Third Time in a Row. Where to Observe 420 Around the Bay Area",
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"headTitle": "Official San Francisco Hippie Hill Celebration Canceled for Third Time in a Row. Where to Observe 420 Around the Bay Area | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>San Francisco’s official \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032542/sfs-420-hippie-hill-celebration-is-canceled-so-how-can-people-celebrate-safely\">420 party on Hippie Hill\u003c/a> in Golden Gate Park has been canceled again this year due to a lack of funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, this April 20 tradition saw crowds of marijuana enthusiasts gather informally to celebrate cannabis by sparking up at 4:20 p.m. In 2017, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11159814/recreational-marijuana-heads-for-legalization-in-california\">the statewide legalization of marijuana\u003c/a>, the city began to sponsor the event, providing services like portable restrooms and medical services within a fenced-off security perimeter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there has not been an official 4/20 celebration at Hippie Hill “since 2023 as event organizers weren’t able to secure sponsorships due to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11981277/san-franciscos-420-festival-cancellation-reveals-difficulties-in-cannabis-industry\">economic challenges within the cannabis industry\u003c/a>,” said Daniel Montes, San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department communications manager, in an email to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that “city budget cuts have also impacted Rec and Park’s ability to cover staffing for the event, and it is paused indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the Bay Area is still a proud hot spot for pot. And even though the Hippie Hill 420 celebrations remain canceled, there are nonetheless plenty of festivals, parties and pop-ups to celebrate the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11663940\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11663940\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GettyImages-949250112-e1744312988362.jpg\" alt=\"People wore pot-themed gear, like these marijuana leaf glasses, during a 420 celebration on 'Hippie Hill.'\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1327\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees of San Francisco’s annual 420 celebration on “Hippie Hill” gather on the lawn wearing sunglasses shaped like cannabis leaves. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Keep reading on where key 420 events with music, food and good vibes are happening over the next week in San Francisco and the greater Bay Area, and guidance on where you can smoke on public property. (And if you want to brush up on your local weed history, hear from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11663153/420-started-in-the-bay-area-meet-the-guys-who-invented-it\">KQED’s Bay Curious podcast \u003c/a>how five San Rafael high school students apparently coined the very phrase “420” back in the 1970s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#CanpeoplestillsmokeweedatHippieHillon420\">Can people still smoke weed at Hippie Hill on 420?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Where are alternative 420 celebrations in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The SF Space Walk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2024, the \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/\">SF Space Walk\u003c/a> — formerly known as SF Weed Week — has become known as the \u003cem>other\u003c/em> organized 420 celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space Walk is hosting several parties in San Francisco and around the Bay Area in the week leading up to April 20, which this year falls on a Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space Walk events, some requiring a ticket or RSVP, include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tuesday, April 14 to Monday, April 27: A \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/get-to-the-bag-2026/\">cannabis art show\u003c/a> at Mirus Gallery\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wednesday, April 15: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-2/\">‘415 Day’ with Sunset Connect and Sense\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://missioncannabisclub.com/\">Mission Cannabis Club \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Thursday, April 16: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-3/\">Solful Hand-Picked Sungrown Drop Party\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://solful.com/\">Solful\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Friday, April 17: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-4/\">Umma, Bosky\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://moegreens.com/\">Moe Greens Dispensary & Lounge\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-5/\">Sonoma Hill Farms\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://figandthistle.com/\">Fig and Thistle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-club-party/\">Club Party\u003c/a> in a private SoMA venue\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-6/\">Huckleberry Hill Farms and Snowtill\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/7starshhc_/?hl=en\">7 Stars, Exit Now\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: A \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/documentary-film-screening-join-the-club-the-life-of-dennis-peron/\">documentary screening of \u003cem>Join the Club\u003c/em>\u003c/a> about cannabis activist Dennis Peron at \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/meadow.sf/\">Meadow HQ\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-7/\">Wood Wide 4X4Z\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://basasf.com/\">BASA \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/product/pizza-street-fighter-party-ticket-emporium-sf-april-20/\">Pizza & Street Fighter Party\u003c/a> at Emporium Arcade Bar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.tixr.com/groups/mab/events/mabuhaygardens-space-walk-sf-420-taurus-bash-185586\">420 Taurus Bash\u003c/a> at Mabuhay Gardens\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Other weed-themed and 420-adjacent events around the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Friday, April 17: \u003ca href=\"https://crybaby.live/tm-event/kabaka-pyramid-live-in-oakland-2nd-annual-4-20-reggae-fest/\">Kabaka Pyramid and the Bebble Rockers\u003c/a>, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Friday, April 17 to Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://chacruna.net/psychedelic-culture-2026/\">Psychedelic Culture Conference\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://tockify.com/elriosf2/detail/4165/1776659400000\">Psychedelic Culture 2026 afterparty at El Rio\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/events/the-roaring-420s-great-gatsby-party/\">The Roaring 420’s: Great Gatsby Party\u003c/a>, Cotati\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://caltix.com/e/420-in-the-park/tickets\">420 in the Park\u003c/a>, San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://www.cutie-pipes.com/shop/p/clay-by-the-bay-handbuilding-workshop\">Hand-Build Your Own Cutie Pipe Workshop\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://hyrba.com/\">Clonefest\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVwY1gHErmh/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">Pretty Lit\u003c/a>, San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/puff-and-paint-a-420-experience-tickets-1986493085293?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\">Puff and Paint: A 420 Experience\u003c/a>, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/bay-blaze-fest-tickets-1985600356116\">Bay Blaze Fest\u003c/a>, Rodeo\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.tixr.com/groups/midwaysf/events/berner-smokers-dream-420-festival-sf-180057\">Smokers Dream 420 Festival SF\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/events/420-reggae-party/\">420 Reggae Party\u003c/a>, Cotati\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://drafthouse.com/sf/event/movie-party-the-big-lebowski\">The Big Lebowski Movie Party\u003c/a> at the Alamo Drafthouse, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"CanpeoplestillsmokeweedatHippieHillon420\">\u003c/a>Can people still smoke weed at Hippie Hill on 420?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to SF Parks and Rec’s Montes, for the third year, the meadow at Hippie Hill “will be \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/sfrecpark/posts/join-volo-sports-for-its-annual-peace-love-and-volo-field-day-in-golden-gate-par/1400154775489645/\">reserved for Peace, Love, and Volo\u003c/a> — a permitted event featuring volleyball and kickball tournaments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peace, Love and Volo Field Day, which is free but \u003ca href=\"https://www.volosports.com/d/22062193-bece-4e37-a6a6-588a147a436c\">requires sign-ups\u003c/a>, is scheduled to run from 1 p.m. to 6 p.m. on 4/20 itself: Monday, April 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032255\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cloud of smoke rests over the heads of a group of people during a 420 Day celebration on “Hippie Hill” in Golden Gate Park on April 20, 2010, in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our parks are open to all,” Montes said. “However, anyone coming to Hippie Hill in search of a big 4/20 party will be disappointed, and much of the physical space will be taken up by the permitted event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, there’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/entertainment/festivals/article/420-sf-cannabis-hippie-hill-22191946.php%E2%80%9D\">a good chance\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032542/sfs-420-hippie-hill-celebration-is-canceled-so-how-can-people-celebrate-safely\">people will still roll up\u003c/a> to smoke with others anyway, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pop/103141/how-did-420-become-a-phenomenon-we-tracked-down-the-guys-who-invented-it\">participants did for years\u003c/a> before the city started facilitating the event and before cannabis was even legal. Other popular spots for 420 in years past have included \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C6AZL01RsRt/\">Dolores Park in the Mission District\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailycal.org/archives/large-4-20-gathering-on-memorial-glade-sparks-controversy/article_fd8c21ea-d205-5613-8e39-20136217eac0.html\">UC Berkeley’s Memorial Glade\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/2000619/storms-sweeping-bay-area-this-week-to-bring-rain-and-thunderstorms\">a particularly rainy past few days\u003c/a> in the Bay, so be sure to keep \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lat=37.7529881&lon=-122.4174306\">an eye on the weather\u003c/a> if you are hoping to enjoy the outdoors over the coming week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Remind me: When is consuming or possessing cannabis in San Francisco legal?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It is legal for anyone age 21 and older to buy and use cannabis in California. “But, like tobacco and alcohol, there are laws that you need to follow,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/information--know-your-rights-cannabis-consumer\">city of San Francisco’s know-your-rights page said on consuming cannabis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter your age, it is illegal to consume cannabis in public in California — including places like parks, sidewalks and beaches. The only place that legal cannabis consumption is permitted is in a private residence, like your home or someone else’s — or another place that has applied for the appropriate permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728828\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11728828 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1174640-e1551131132984.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1243\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">No matter your age, it is illegal to consume cannabis in public in California — including places like parks, sidewalks and beaches. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Official events, like the ones previously hosted by San Francisco for 420 on Hippie Hill, apply for such permits to allow the legalized consumption of cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s similar to how an event like Oktoberfest might apply for a permit to operate a beer garden, said Ken Seligson, the principal attorney at Seligson Law, a cannabis law firm, in a 2025 interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ These designated events are given that leeway because there are security and safety protocols that are required to have an event like that,” Seligson said.[aside postID=pop_103141 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/12/2018/04/420-weed-1180x664.jpg']With no official 420 celebration happening on Hippie Hill this year, it will be technically illegal to consume cannabis in public in Golden Gate Park this year. However, as many San Franciscans know, the day-to-day realities in San Francisco can be quite different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ I think the risk would be low — but not zero — to show up on 420 and consume cannabis in Golden Gate Park,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seligson said that generally, people are less likely to get busted for consuming cannabis in public in San Francisco because “ police have discretion in enforcing these rules, and they have priorities. Cannabis is one of the lowest priorities for enforcement in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/DO/letstalkcannabis/CDPH%20Document%20Library/October%202017%20Update/CDPH-Adult_Use_Cannabis_Penalties.pdf\">penalty for consuming cannabis\u003c/a> in a public place is an infraction of up to $100 for adults. But that penalty goes up if you’re caught smoking cannabis in a place where tobacco is prohibited — or within 1,000 feet of a school, day care center or youth center while children are present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ That’s where you might see the discretion of a police officer,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about smoking or carrying cannabis on federal land like the Presidio?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area is blessed with a multitude of scenic properties that are owned by the federal government, which could strike someone as the perfect place to \u003cem>(ahem)\u003c/em> take a walk with some friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Seligson said cannabis consumers should be aware that the chances of police enforcing cannabis law are much higher on federal property — and the penalty is much harsher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Possession of any amount of cannabis on federal land is a misdemeanor offense and can carry a maximum sentence of 1 year in prison or a maximum fine of $1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057664\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person walks dogs through Crissy Field in the Presidio, a park and former military outpost, in San Francisco on Feb. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“ Do not bring your cannabis, and do not smoke your cannabis in the Presidio,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other notable federally owned properties in the San Francisco area include Alcatraz Island, the Marin Headlands and Ocean Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cannabis remains federally classified as a schedule one controlled substance, meaning any cannabis use, possession or distribution on federal property is illegal,” Seligson said. “There is no leeway there, and there is enforcement as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "San Francisco’s official 420 event is canceled for the third year in a row. Here are the alternative events planned in the run-up to the special day dedicated to weed.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>San Francisco’s official \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032542/sfs-420-hippie-hill-celebration-is-canceled-so-how-can-people-celebrate-safely\">420 party on Hippie Hill\u003c/a> in Golden Gate Park has been canceled again this year due to a lack of funding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, this April 20 tradition saw crowds of marijuana enthusiasts gather informally to celebrate cannabis by sparking up at 4:20 p.m. In 2017, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11159814/recreational-marijuana-heads-for-legalization-in-california\">the statewide legalization of marijuana\u003c/a>, the city began to sponsor the event, providing services like portable restrooms and medical services within a fenced-off security perimeter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there has not been an official 4/20 celebration at Hippie Hill “since 2023 as event organizers weren’t able to secure sponsorships due to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11981277/san-franciscos-420-festival-cancellation-reveals-difficulties-in-cannabis-industry\">economic challenges within the cannabis industry\u003c/a>,” said Daniel Montes, San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department communications manager, in an email to KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said that “city budget cuts have also impacted Rec and Park’s ability to cover staffing for the event, and it is paused indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, the Bay Area is still a proud hot spot for pot. And even though the Hippie Hill 420 celebrations remain canceled, there are nonetheless plenty of festivals, parties and pop-ups to celebrate the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11663940\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11663940\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GettyImages-949250112-e1744312988362.jpg\" alt=\"People wore pot-themed gear, like these marijuana leaf glasses, during a 420 celebration on 'Hippie Hill.'\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1327\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Attendees of San Francisco’s annual 420 celebration on “Hippie Hill” gather on the lawn wearing sunglasses shaped like cannabis leaves. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Keep reading on where key 420 events with music, food and good vibes are happening over the next week in San Francisco and the greater Bay Area, and guidance on where you can smoke on public property. (And if you want to brush up on your local weed history, hear from \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11663153/420-started-in-the-bay-area-meet-the-guys-who-invented-it\">KQED’s Bay Curious podcast \u003c/a>how five San Rafael high school students apparently coined the very phrase “420” back in the 1970s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#CanpeoplestillsmokeweedatHippieHillon420\">Can people still smoke weed at Hippie Hill on 420?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>Where are alternative 420 celebrations in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The SF Space Walk\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since 2024, the \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/\">SF Space Walk\u003c/a> — formerly known as SF Weed Week — has become known as the \u003cem>other\u003c/em> organized 420 celebration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space Walk is hosting several parties in San Francisco and around the Bay Area in the week leading up to April 20, which this year falls on a Monday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Space Walk events, some requiring a ticket or RSVP, include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Tuesday, April 14 to Monday, April 27: A \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/get-to-the-bag-2026/\">cannabis art show\u003c/a> at Mirus Gallery\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Wednesday, April 15: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-2/\">‘415 Day’ with Sunset Connect and Sense\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://missioncannabisclub.com/\">Mission Cannabis Club \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Thursday, April 16: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-3/\">Solful Hand-Picked Sungrown Drop Party\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://solful.com/\">Solful\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Friday, April 17: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-4/\">Umma, Bosky\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://moegreens.com/\">Moe Greens Dispensary & Lounge\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-5/\">Sonoma Hill Farms\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://figandthistle.com/\">Fig and Thistle\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-club-party/\">Club Party\u003c/a> in a private SoMA venue\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-6/\">Huckleberry Hill Farms and Snowtill\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/7starshhc_/?hl=en\">7 Stars, Exit Now\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: A \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/documentary-film-screening-join-the-club-the-life-of-dennis-peron/\">documentary screening of \u003cem>Join the Club\u003c/em>\u003c/a> about cannabis activist Dennis Peron at \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/meadow.sf/\">Meadow HQ\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/event/sf-space-walk-2026-day-7/\">Wood Wide 4X4Z\u003c/a> at \u003ca href=\"https://basasf.com/\">BASA \u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://sfspacewalk.com/product/pizza-street-fighter-party-ticket-emporium-sf-april-20/\">Pizza & Street Fighter Party\u003c/a> at Emporium Arcade Bar\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.tixr.com/groups/mab/events/mabuhaygardens-space-walk-sf-420-taurus-bash-185586\">420 Taurus Bash\u003c/a> at Mabuhay Gardens\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Other weed-themed and 420-adjacent events around the Bay Area\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Friday, April 17: \u003ca href=\"https://crybaby.live/tm-event/kabaka-pyramid-live-in-oakland-2nd-annual-4-20-reggae-fest/\">Kabaka Pyramid and the Bebble Rockers\u003c/a>, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Friday, April 17 to Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://chacruna.net/psychedelic-culture-2026/\">Psychedelic Culture Conference\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://tockify.com/elriosf2/detail/4165/1776659400000\">Psychedelic Culture 2026 afterparty at El Rio\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/events/the-roaring-420s-great-gatsby-party/\">The Roaring 420’s: Great Gatsby Party\u003c/a>, Cotati\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://caltix.com/e/420-in-the-park/tickets\">420 in the Park\u003c/a>, San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://www.cutie-pipes.com/shop/p/clay-by-the-bay-handbuilding-workshop\">Hand-Build Your Own Cutie Pipe Workshop\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Saturday, April 18: \u003ca href=\"https://hyrba.com/\">Clonefest\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVwY1gHErmh/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">Pretty Lit\u003c/a>, San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/puff-and-paint-a-420-experience-tickets-1986493085293?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\">Puff and Paint: A 420 Experience\u003c/a>, Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Sunday, April 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/bay-blaze-fest-tickets-1985600356116\">Bay Blaze Fest\u003c/a>, Rodeo\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.tixr.com/groups/midwaysf/events/berner-smokers-dream-420-festival-sf-180057\">Smokers Dream 420 Festival SF\u003c/a>, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.sonomacounty.com/events/420-reggae-party/\">420 Reggae Party\u003c/a>, Cotati\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Monday, April 20: \u003ca href=\"https://drafthouse.com/sf/event/movie-party-the-big-lebowski\">The Big Lebowski Movie Party\u003c/a> at the Alamo Drafthouse, San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"CanpeoplestillsmokeweedatHippieHillon420\">\u003c/a>Can people still smoke weed at Hippie Hill on 420?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>According to SF Parks and Rec’s Montes, for the third year, the meadow at Hippie Hill “will be \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/sfrecpark/posts/join-volo-sports-for-its-annual-peace-love-and-volo-field-day-in-golden-gate-par/1400154775489645/\">reserved for Peace, Love, and Volo\u003c/a> — a permitted event featuring volleyball and kickball tournaments.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Peace, Love and Volo Field Day, which is free but \u003ca href=\"https://www.volosports.com/d/22062193-bece-4e37-a6a6-588a147a436c\">requires sign-ups\u003c/a>, is scheduled to run from 1 p.m. to 6 p.m. on 4/20 itself: Monday, April 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12032255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12032255\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/98579521_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A cloud of smoke rests over the heads of a group of people during a 420 Day celebration on “Hippie Hill” in Golden Gate Park on April 20, 2010, in San Francisco, California. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our parks are open to all,” Montes said. “However, anyone coming to Hippie Hill in search of a big 4/20 party will be disappointed, and much of the physical space will be taken up by the permitted event.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, there’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/entertainment/festivals/article/420-sf-cannabis-hippie-hill-22191946.php%E2%80%9D\">a good chance\u003c/a> that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12032542/sfs-420-hippie-hill-celebration-is-canceled-so-how-can-people-celebrate-safely\">people will still roll up\u003c/a> to smoke with others anyway, as \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/pop/103141/how-did-420-become-a-phenomenon-we-tracked-down-the-guys-who-invented-it\">participants did for years\u003c/a> before the city started facilitating the event and before cannabis was even legal. Other popular spots for 420 in years past have included \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/C6AZL01RsRt/\">Dolores Park in the Mission District\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailycal.org/archives/large-4-20-gathering-on-memorial-glade-sparks-controversy/article_fd8c21ea-d205-5613-8e39-20136217eac0.html\">UC Berkeley’s Memorial Glade\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/2000619/storms-sweeping-bay-area-this-week-to-bring-rain-and-thunderstorms\">a particularly rainy past few days\u003c/a> in the Bay, so be sure to keep \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/MapClick.php?lat=37.7529881&lon=-122.4174306\">an eye on the weather\u003c/a> if you are hoping to enjoy the outdoors over the coming week.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Remind me: When is consuming or possessing cannabis in San Francisco legal?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It is legal for anyone age 21 and older to buy and use cannabis in California. “But, like tobacco and alcohol, there are laws that you need to follow,” the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sf.gov/information--know-your-rights-cannabis-consumer\">city of San Francisco’s know-your-rights page said on consuming cannabis\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>No matter your age, it is illegal to consume cannabis in public in California — including places like parks, sidewalks and beaches. The only place that legal cannabis consumption is permitted is in a private residence, like your home or someone else’s — or another place that has applied for the appropriate permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11728828\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11728828 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2019/02/GettyImages-1174640-e1551131132984.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1243\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">No matter your age, it is illegal to consume cannabis in public in California — including places like parks, sidewalks and beaches. \u003ccite>(Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Official events, like the ones previously hosted by San Francisco for 420 on Hippie Hill, apply for such permits to allow the legalized consumption of cannabis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s similar to how an event like Oktoberfest might apply for a permit to operate a beer garden, said Ken Seligson, the principal attorney at Seligson Law, a cannabis law firm, in a 2025 interview with KQED.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ These designated events are given that leeway because there are security and safety protocols that are required to have an event like that,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>With no official 420 celebration happening on Hippie Hill this year, it will be technically illegal to consume cannabis in public in Golden Gate Park this year. However, as many San Franciscans know, the day-to-day realities in San Francisco can be quite different.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ I think the risk would be low — but not zero — to show up on 420 and consume cannabis in Golden Gate Park,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seligson said that generally, people are less likely to get busted for consuming cannabis in public in San Francisco because “ police have discretion in enforcing these rules, and they have priorities. Cannabis is one of the lowest priorities for enforcement in San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/DO/letstalkcannabis/CDPH%20Document%20Library/October%202017%20Update/CDPH-Adult_Use_Cannabis_Penalties.pdf\">penalty for consuming cannabis\u003c/a> in a public place is an infraction of up to $100 for adults. But that penalty goes up if you’re caught smoking cannabis in a place where tobacco is prohibited — or within 1,000 feet of a school, day care center or youth center while children are present.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“ That’s where you might see the discretion of a police officer,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What about smoking or carrying cannabis on federal land like the Presidio?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Bay Area is blessed with a multitude of scenic properties that are owned by the federal government, which could strike someone as the perfect place to \u003cem>(ahem)\u003c/em> take a walk with some friends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Seligson said cannabis consumers should be aware that the chances of police enforcing cannabis law are much higher on federal property — and the penalty is much harsher.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Possession of any amount of cannabis on federal land is a misdemeanor offense and can carry a maximum sentence of 1 year in prison or a maximum fine of $1,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12057664\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1999px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12057664\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1999\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed.jpg 1999w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250224-Presidio-09-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1999px) 100vw, 1999px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A person walks dogs through Crissy Field in the Presidio, a park and former military outpost, in San Francisco on Feb. 25, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“ Do not bring your cannabis, and do not smoke your cannabis in the Presidio,” Seligson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other notable federally owned properties in the San Francisco area include Alcatraz Island, the Marin Headlands and Ocean Beach.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Cannabis remains federally classified as a schedule one controlled substance, meaning any cannabis use, possession or distribution on federal property is illegal,” Seligson said. “There is no leeway there, and there is enforcement as well.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>A judge on Wednesday cleared the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department’s path to remove the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069424/iconic-often-reviled-sf-fountain-is-down-to-its-last-chance-to-stave-off-removal\">Vaillancourt Fountain\u003c/a>, a controversial public art piece on the Embarcadero that’s been deemed an imminent safety hazard by the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superior Court Judge Jeffrey Ross denied a preliminary injunction filed by advocacy group Friends of the Plaza, which asked the court to temporarily halt removal of the fountain until it determines whether it is subject to an environmental review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are pleased the court agreed that the city’s administrative record contains substantial evidence that the fountain poses an imminent public safety hazard,” Jen Kwart, a spokesperson for the City Attorney’s Office, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the city plans to disassemble and store the fountain offsite, where it will study the deterioration and “evaluate options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The project protects the public while preserving options for the fountain’s long-term future,” Kwart said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit is the latest effort by a coalition of art historians, landscape architects and skateboarders to keep the embattled fountain in place. They allege that the city “manufactured” an emergency to remove the structure without a full environmental review, as it prepares for a major redevelopment of the Embarcadero Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055237\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055237\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vaillancourt Fountain in the Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Sept. 8, 2025. The 40-foot concrete fountain was designed by artist Armand Vaillancourt and installed in 1971. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There is no emergency,” said Susan Brandt-Hawley, an attorney who is representing the Friends of the Plaza group. “Yes, the fountain’s condition requires action. But our argument is, the city has conceded that adequate security can keep the public out of the fountain, and then there’s no danger to the public. The legal case can go ahead to see whether public CEQA review is required or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Wednesday’s hearing, Brandt-Hawley argued that disassembly could cause irreparable harm. Instead, she argued, the city could prevent endangering the public through less invasive means, like security by city park rangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recreation and Park project manager Eoanna Goodwin estimated in court records that providing such security would cost at least $887,000 over 18 months.[aside postID=news_12069424 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-10-BL-KQED.jpg']The hulking concrete structure, built in 1971 in the shadow of the towering Embarcadero Freeway, has long been controversial; since its debut, some residents have deemed it an eyesore, while\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12055275/this-fountain-looms-over-sfs-skateboarding-scene-a-growing-few-are-trying-to-save-it\"> skaters consider it a landmark\u003c/a> of their sport’s history in San Francisco. And historians say it’s long been a destination for civic engagement and an emblem of modernist architecture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s such a good place for gathering — for protests, for shows,” said Pretty Sims, whose punk band False Flag held a performance in front of the fountain, partly in protest of the removal last week. “U2 has played there. There’s been so many protests that have happened in Embarcadero Plaza.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates have been fighting to keep the fountain in place since 2024, when the city first unveiled plans to redevelop the Embarcadero Plaza as a waterfront park — without the structure. Tensions escalated last year, though, after the Recreation and Parks Department was granted an emergency exemption to the California Environmental Quality Act, easing its path to remove the historic fountain without the long and often cumbersome community engagement process usually required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, the Recreation and Park Department sought an emergency exception to the CEQA process after an engineering firm it contracted to \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c806e5734c4e2faa1db54c9/t/68a80fea9a2a9f2b6e2a55e2/1755844586236/20250602+Vaillancourt+Fountain+Conditions+Assessment+Final.pdf\">assess the fountain\u003c/a> found widespread corrosion of the structural steel and concrete, creating a risk of collapse, especially during seismic activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the report, the fountain was deemed an imminent safety risk and slated for emergency removal. In November, that plan was approved by the city’s Arts Commission, which oversees the fountain as part of the city’s Civic Art Collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055236\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12055236 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vaillancourt Fountain in the Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Sept. 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Modernist conservation nonprofit Docomomo \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">US/Northern California\u003c/span> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069424/iconic-often-reviled-sf-fountain-is-down-to-its-last-chance-to-stave-off-removal\">appealed to the Board of Supervisors\u003c/a> to halt the removal and require a full environmental review in January, alleging that city officials invoked the emergency exception to skirt the CEQA process as they prepared for the major transformation of Embarcadero Plaza. After supervisors denied the appeal and backed the plan to disassemble the fountain, advocates escalated to a legal complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday’s ruling gives the city permission to begin disassembling the structure, despite a court hearing set for August on the Friends of the Plaza’s plea for a CEQA review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That disassembly could begin anytime — Rec and Parks previously said it expected to begin removal as soon as March. Kwart said she wasn’t aware of a set timeline for removal, but noted that “there is nothing legal preventing the city from moving forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A judge on Wednesday cleared the San Francisco Recreation and Parks Department’s path to remove the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069424/iconic-often-reviled-sf-fountain-is-down-to-its-last-chance-to-stave-off-removal\">Vaillancourt Fountain\u003c/a>, a controversial public art piece on the Embarcadero that’s been deemed an imminent safety hazard by the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Superior Court Judge Jeffrey Ross denied a preliminary injunction filed by advocacy group Friends of the Plaza, which asked the court to temporarily halt removal of the fountain until it determines whether it is subject to an environmental review process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are pleased the court agreed that the city’s administrative record contains substantial evidence that the fountain poses an imminent public safety hazard,” Jen Kwart, a spokesperson for the City Attorney’s Office, said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said the city plans to disassemble and store the fountain offsite, where it will study the deterioration and “evaluate options.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The project protects the public while preserving options for the fountain’s long-term future,” Kwart said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The suit is the latest effort by a coalition of art historians, landscape architects and skateboarders to keep the embattled fountain in place. They allege that the city “manufactured” an emergency to remove the structure without a full environmental review, as it prepares for a major redevelopment of the Embarcadero Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055237\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12055237\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vaillancourt Fountain in the Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Sept. 8, 2025. The 40-foot concrete fountain was designed by artist Armand Vaillancourt and installed in 1971. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“There is no emergency,” said Susan Brandt-Hawley, an attorney who is representing the Friends of the Plaza group. “Yes, the fountain’s condition requires action. But our argument is, the city has conceded that adequate security can keep the public out of the fountain, and then there’s no danger to the public. The legal case can go ahead to see whether public CEQA review is required or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During Wednesday’s hearing, Brandt-Hawley argued that disassembly could cause irreparable harm. Instead, she argued, the city could prevent endangering the public through less invasive means, like security by city park rangers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recreation and Park project manager Eoanna Goodwin estimated in court records that providing such security would cost at least $887,000 over 18 months.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The hulking concrete structure, built in 1971 in the shadow of the towering Embarcadero Freeway, has long been controversial; since its debut, some residents have deemed it an eyesore, while\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12055275/this-fountain-looms-over-sfs-skateboarding-scene-a-growing-few-are-trying-to-save-it\"> skaters consider it a landmark\u003c/a> of their sport’s history in San Francisco. And historians say it’s long been a destination for civic engagement and an emblem of modernist architecture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s such a good place for gathering — for protests, for shows,” said Pretty Sims, whose punk band False Flag held a performance in front of the fountain, partly in protest of the removal last week. “U2 has played there. There’s been so many protests that have happened in Embarcadero Plaza.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates have been fighting to keep the fountain in place since 2024, when the city first unveiled plans to redevelop the Embarcadero Plaza as a waterfront park — without the structure. Tensions escalated last year, though, after the Recreation and Parks Department was granted an emergency exemption to the California Environmental Quality Act, easing its path to remove the historic fountain without the long and often cumbersome community engagement process usually required.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In October, the Recreation and Park Department sought an emergency exception to the CEQA process after an engineering firm it contracted to \u003ca href=\"https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5c806e5734c4e2faa1db54c9/t/68a80fea9a2a9f2b6e2a55e2/1755844586236/20250602+Vaillancourt+Fountain+Conditions+Assessment+Final.pdf\">assess the fountain\u003c/a> found widespread corrosion of the structural steel and concrete, creating a risk of collapse, especially during seismic activity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on the report, the fountain was deemed an imminent safety risk and slated for emergency removal. In November, that plan was approved by the city’s Arts Commission, which oversees the fountain as part of the city’s Civic Art Collection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12055236\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12055236 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250908-VAILLANCOURTFOUNTAINREMOVAL-05-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Vaillancourt Fountain in the Embarcadero Plaza in San Francisco on Sept. 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Modernist conservation nonprofit Docomomo \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">US/Northern California\u003c/span> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069424/iconic-often-reviled-sf-fountain-is-down-to-its-last-chance-to-stave-off-removal\">appealed to the Board of Supervisors\u003c/a> to halt the removal and require a full environmental review in January, alleging that city officials invoked the emergency exception to skirt the CEQA process as they prepared for the major transformation of Embarcadero Plaza. After supervisors denied the appeal and backed the plan to disassemble the fountain, advocates escalated to a legal complaint.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wednesday’s ruling gives the city permission to begin disassembling the structure, despite a court hearing set for August on the Friends of the Plaza’s plea for a CEQA review.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That disassembly could begin anytime — Rec and Parks previously said it expected to begin removal as soon as March. Kwart said she wasn’t aware of a set timeline for removal, but noted that “there is nothing legal preventing the city from moving forward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On a sunny November day last year, a crowd of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/mendocino-county\">Mendocino County\u003c/a> locals began to gather in a clearing amid a thick forest of redwood, tanoak, fir and pine trees, just south of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fort-bragg\">Fort Bragg\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, it was their very first time stepping onto this property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This land had recently passed into the stewardship of the Potter Valley Tribe, a band of the Pomo Indians, becoming the first “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tpl.org/media-room/potter-valley-tribe-establishes-pomo-community-forest-with-support-from-trust-for-public-land-and-usda-forest-service\">community forest\u003c/a>” owned by a tribe in the entire state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s setting the foundation for generations to come — the next generation, for the youth to be able to learn more about the land, the native plants, creeks, the rivers, the seasons,” said Salvador Rosales, the Potter Valley Tribe’s chairman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And today, the assembled group — made up of adults, children and members of neighboring tribes and allies — was here to hunt for mushrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A bountiful forest\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As dedicated foragers know, safety when foraging for mushrooms is a serious business. Before Corine Pearce, a member of the nearby Redwood Valley Tribe, kicked off the event with a blessing and song, organizers reminded attendees not to eat anything they might gather before they’d brought it back to consult with the experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(In December 2025, after this story was reported, the California Department of Public Health issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12066441/california-mushroom-poisoning-symptoms-death-cap-identification-toxic-foraging\">advice\u003c/a> to state residents to avoid eating foraged wild mushrooms during what they called a “high-risk season” — after a number of deaths and severe illnesses caused by people mistakenly ingesting toxic “death cap” mushrooms. On April 1, the agency confirmed that their alert is still in effect.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071163\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071163\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mushrooms picked by individuals who attended Potter Valley Tribe’s mushroom foraging event are displayed on a table at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pearce, who works with kids from all over Mendocino as a native studies education coordinator, said that after a lifetime of avoiding foraging mushrooms for fear of illness, she realized the time had come after she moved to an area whose traditional name means “mushroom mountain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was like, ‘Okay, well if they’re literally growing outside in my backyard, I should probably learn them and not ignore them anymore,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pearce is also a community basket weaver, and it’s her baskets that were handed out to participants as they set off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group dispersed out of the clearing and into the dense, cool forest. Nate Rich, the Potter Valley Tribe’s environmental program manager, invited a few interested foragers on a crash course on mushroom hunting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For him, Rich told the group, the best moments on the hunt are the serendipitous ones, like finding a cluster of highly prized golden chanterelles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his approach is also a meditative one. For the most success, Rich said he tries to dispel any notion of going in for “the kill” when it comes to spotting mushrooms — and instead, he’ll “lay on the ground for like 10 minutes and not do anything and calm down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071170\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Zhao Qiu, Allison Deng and MingXia Bai pick mushrooms during a mushroom foraging event, hosted by Potter Valley Tribe, at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“And then usually, I’ll turn my head, and it’ll be right there,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rich told his mushroom-hunters-in-training how he likes to look up through the forest canopy for spots where the sun might warm up the ground, allowing certain light-seeking fungi to grow And how he’ll look down to see where water flows, fueling the mushrooms’ growth — or watch out for where “duff,” that thick, decaying vegetation that layers the forest floor, has built up on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When my feet start to squish, I’m like, ‘Oh, I’m in an area where there might be some mushrooms,’” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With so much potential for wandering, Potter Valley chairman Rosales said, always make sure someone knows their rough whereabouts while foraging, in case they get lost. And “don’t be afraid to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-12-10/these-wild-mushrooms-have-sickened-californians-heres-how-to-forage-safely\">touch mushrooms\u003c/a>,” he said. “As long as you don’t ingest them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Recovering the tribe’s land\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Potter Valley Tribe is the first tribe in California to be awarded this grant to create a community forest by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. But for Rosales, the road here — to actually owning this 48-acre property that the mushroom hunters are exploring — has been a long one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This land has been \u003ca href=\"https://pinoleville-nsn.gov/heritage/our-history/\">home to Pomo people\u003c/a> for thousands of years. When colonizers started arriving in the early 1800s, they began to chip away at it, killing, removing and enslaving the Pomo people — decimating their population numbers and relegating them to reservations to make way for European homesteads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071166\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071166\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salvador Rosales, Chairman of Potter Valley Tribe, poses for a photo at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1958, \u003ca href=\"https://nahc.ca.gov/native-americans/california-indian-history/\">Congress passed a series of laws and practices ending the federal government’s recognition\u003c/a> of tribal sovereignty and lands. The move dismantled Pomo reservations, like the Potter Valley Rancheria, revoked their federal status and left these tribes landless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was, until the 1980s, when \u003ca href=\"https://www.narf.org/nill/bulletins/federal/documents/hardwick.html\">Tillie Hardwick,\u003c/a> a Pomo Indian woman, sued the federal government in a class action lawsuit and won, immediately restoring 17 California tribes’ federal status and creating precedent for more in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Potter Valley Tribe — and many others included in the suit — would nonetheless remain mostly landless until the early 2000s. But when Rosales became chairman in 2003, he said he saw it as his mission to slowly but surely buy back the tribe’s ancestral lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quest began with a federal grant to buy a 4-acre parcel in Redwood Valley for housing for tribe members. And since then, via grants, land donations and money earned from the gaming industry, the tribe has purchased a checkerboard totaling more than 1,000 acres — the majority of it undeveloped forest — across Mendocino County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unbelievable,” Rosales said, of the tribe’s progress in reacquiring their land. When family and friends ask him about the tribal council’s continual investments in land, he said he tells them that there’s “never been an opportunity like this” in previous years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales and the tribe worked with the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpl.org/our-work/community-forests\">Trust for Public Land\u003c/a>, which has now helped establish 45 community forests nationwide, protecting 43,000 acres through this grant alone.[aside postID=science_1999301 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/11/KQED_PRESCRIBED-BURN_AT_257_QED-KQED.jpg'] The trust’s North Coast Project Manager Jeff Conti said the agency’s primary role is to help tribes navigate the sometimes long and convoluted processes to get land back in the hands of those working to conserve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However we can plug in, whether it’s providing technical assistance, whether it’s helping fundraise, or just doing the whole transaction, we can help,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even after the tribe won the grant, it took six years before they found themselves in the right place and time with this particular property — and for this forest to be returned to its ancestral caretakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the end,” Rosales said, “it paid off to be patient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Keeping history and tradition alive\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Being effectively landless has affected the Pomo people in deep, lasting ways, Rosales said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of his ancestors were farm ranch hands, chasing seasonal work throughout the Potter and Ukiah valleys to make ends meet, he said. But as there’s been very little written or shared from elders, Rosales doesn’t know a lot beyond that — as he said, it became especially apparent when he was invited to speak to students in Potter Valley about the tribe’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071155\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071155\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED-1536x1047.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Amanita Muscaria mushroom grows at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And without land to gather on, they have even fewer traditions to uphold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ceremony — any kind of gatherings, we don’t really have a history of that simply because of the past history of settlers and indigenous people,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the community forest grant, the tribe is developing a land management and public access plan, which tribal leaders said will focus on environmental education, from foraging to reintroducing traditional ecological practices like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11887536/getting-good-fire-on-the-ground-the-karuk-tribe-pushes-to-restore-native-burn-management-to-protect-forests\">forest thinning\u003c/a>, to promote the resilience of the forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rich, the tribe’s environmental program manager, said he’s excited to have a space where practicing — and sharing — these traditions is the focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’re at the beginning,” he said. “Now the tribe has a resource to work with the community on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need these spaces together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071169\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071169\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nathan Rich, Tribal Environmental Manager of Potter Valley Tribe, poses for a photo at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For her part, Pearce said she plans to help teach foraging here during the tribe’s annual environmental youth campout and other events — and she can already see how they could harvest wild onions growing here and use elder trees to make musical instruments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is work that can only be done when the tribe owns the land to do it on, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.hcn.org/issues/51-17/tribal-affairs-an-indigenous-way-of-life-for-these-california-tribes-breaks-state-laws/\">laws\u003c/a> in place that stop indigenous people from caretaking on their own tribal land,” she said. “So the only answer is private land because private landowners have more rights than indigenous people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with so many tribes in the area still without land, not everyone has the same opportunity to learn what has been lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California, only half the tribes were reinstated after the Tillie Hardwick case,” she said. “So there are tribes that aren’t even recognized that have no access to anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pearce teaches her students that food sovereignty is important to everyone, not just native people on native lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When someone has control of your food, and you can’t feed yourself, that is their power,” she said. “That’s their power move, to take your food away, and you have to do what they say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if you can feed yourself for free where you live, then that’s food sovereignty,” Pearce said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The next generation\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pearce said she’s particularly encouraged by the willingness of her Gen Z students and community members to “look at hard things and call them by the right name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And all we can do is give them the education and support to do that, and that’s what we’re doing,” she said.[aside postID=news_11874585 hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/05/UpperLake_BloodyIslandSunriseCeremony-1020x633.jpg'] High school student Elizabeth Dodge, from Willits, attended the mushroom hunting event thanks to an invite from Pearce herself — to whom Dodge reached out for help identifying mushrooms she’d spotted in her family’s backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Dodge isn’t a big fan of eating mushrooms, she’s really into identifying birds — a skill she learned from her grandmother. She said she now planned to make a presentation to her class on everything she found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve seen at least 17 kinds or something like that, so I’m really excited,” Dodge said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the entrance to the property, a table was blanketed in mushrooms of every size, shape and color, gathered by the day’s participants in Pearce’s handwoven baskets. People milled about, munching on freshly caught and cooked salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a massive pan of foraged mushrooms — identified by the expert foragers present as safe to eat — sizzled next to a vat of alfredo sauce, as fettuccine vigorously boiled on the stovetop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Chairman Rosales, a noted expert on fungi, this event was ultimately a true family affair. That morning, Rosales’ son Boo had made donuts with glaze from candy cap mushrooms while his daughter Mariah was manning the stove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re just gonna season them a little bit,” Mariah said. “You don’t really have to because mushrooms have their own seasoning, but just to be a little extra.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071167\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071167\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Mariah Rosales, Allison Deng and MingXia Bai cook mushroom Alfredo fettuccine for attendees of Potter Valley Tribe’s mushroom foraging event, at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Once the mushrooms were cooked, Mariah took command of the final steps of the process: pouring the sauce carefully onto the noodles, layering the delicate mushrooms on top and finishing with a sprinkling of herbs and plenty of parmesan cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the tantalizing smell of the mushrooms filling the air, a line started to form, as everyone wanted a plate, and Mariah proudly served them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let the elders get their plate first,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Chairman Rosales, who stood watching the group with a beaming smile, this event was exactly the type of new story — a new piece of history — he can now tell, when younger people ask about his tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That sense of freedom,” he said, “is a powerful, positive energy for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "This Northern California Tribe Is Reclaiming Mendocino Forest for Future Generations | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On a sunny November day last year, a crowd of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/mendocino-county\">Mendocino County\u003c/a> locals began to gather in a clearing amid a thick forest of redwood, tanoak, fir and pine trees, just south of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fort-bragg\">Fort Bragg\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many, it was their very first time stepping onto this property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This land had recently passed into the stewardship of the Potter Valley Tribe, a band of the Pomo Indians, becoming the first “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tpl.org/media-room/potter-valley-tribe-establishes-pomo-community-forest-with-support-from-trust-for-public-land-and-usda-forest-service\">community forest\u003c/a>” owned by a tribe in the entire state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s setting the foundation for generations to come — the next generation, for the youth to be able to learn more about the land, the native plants, creeks, the rivers, the seasons,” said Salvador Rosales, the Potter Valley Tribe’s chairman.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And today, the assembled group — made up of adults, children and members of neighboring tribes and allies — was here to hunt for mushrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A bountiful forest\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As dedicated foragers know, safety when foraging for mushrooms is a serious business. Before Corine Pearce, a member of the nearby Redwood Valley Tribe, kicked off the event with a blessing and song, organizers reminded attendees not to eat anything they might gather before they’d brought it back to consult with the experts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>(In December 2025, after this story was reported, the California Department of Public Health issued \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12066441/california-mushroom-poisoning-symptoms-death-cap-identification-toxic-foraging\">advice\u003c/a> to state residents to avoid eating foraged wild mushrooms during what they called a “high-risk season” — after a number of deaths and severe illnesses caused by people mistakenly ingesting toxic “death cap” mushrooms. On April 1, the agency confirmed that their alert is still in effect.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071163\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071163\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-25-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mushrooms picked by individuals who attended Potter Valley Tribe’s mushroom foraging event are displayed on a table at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Pearce, who works with kids from all over Mendocino as a native studies education coordinator, said that after a lifetime of avoiding foraging mushrooms for fear of illness, she realized the time had come after she moved to an area whose traditional name means “mushroom mountain.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was like, ‘Okay, well if they’re literally growing outside in my backyard, I should probably learn them and not ignore them anymore,’” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pearce is also a community basket weaver, and it’s her baskets that were handed out to participants as they set off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The group dispersed out of the clearing and into the dense, cool forest. Nate Rich, the Potter Valley Tribe’s environmental program manager, invited a few interested foragers on a crash course on mushroom hunting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For him, Rich told the group, the best moments on the hunt are the serendipitous ones, like finding a cluster of highly prized golden chanterelles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his approach is also a meditative one. For the most success, Rich said he tries to dispel any notion of going in for “the kill” when it comes to spotting mushrooms — and instead, he’ll “lay on the ground for like 10 minutes and not do anything and calm down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071170\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071170\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-20-KQED-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Zhao Qiu, Allison Deng and MingXia Bai pick mushrooms during a mushroom foraging event, hosted by Potter Valley Tribe, at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“And then usually, I’ll turn my head, and it’ll be right there,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rich told his mushroom-hunters-in-training how he likes to look up through the forest canopy for spots where the sun might warm up the ground, allowing certain light-seeking fungi to grow And how he’ll look down to see where water flows, fueling the mushrooms’ growth — or watch out for where “duff,” that thick, decaying vegetation that layers the forest floor, has built up on the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When my feet start to squish, I’m like, ‘Oh, I’m in an area where there might be some mushrooms,’” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With so much potential for wandering, Potter Valley chairman Rosales said, always make sure someone knows their rough whereabouts while foraging, in case they get lost. And “don’t be afraid to \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-12-10/these-wild-mushrooms-have-sickened-californians-heres-how-to-forage-safely\">touch mushrooms\u003c/a>,” he said. “As long as you don’t ingest them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Recovering the tribe’s land\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Potter Valley Tribe is the first tribe in California to be awarded this grant to create a community forest by the U.S. Department of Agriculture. But for Rosales, the road here — to actually owning this 48-acre property that the mushroom hunters are exploring — has been a long one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This land has been \u003ca href=\"https://pinoleville-nsn.gov/heritage/our-history/\">home to Pomo people\u003c/a> for thousands of years. When colonizers started arriving in the early 1800s, they began to chip away at it, killing, removing and enslaving the Pomo people — decimating their population numbers and relegating them to reservations to make way for European homesteads.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071166\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071166\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-37-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Salvador Rosales, Chairman of Potter Valley Tribe, poses for a photo at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1958, \u003ca href=\"https://nahc.ca.gov/native-americans/california-indian-history/\">Congress passed a series of laws and practices ending the federal government’s recognition\u003c/a> of tribal sovereignty and lands. The move dismantled Pomo reservations, like the Potter Valley Rancheria, revoked their federal status and left these tribes landless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That was, until the 1980s, when \u003ca href=\"https://www.narf.org/nill/bulletins/federal/documents/hardwick.html\">Tillie Hardwick,\u003c/a> a Pomo Indian woman, sued the federal government in a class action lawsuit and won, immediately restoring 17 California tribes’ federal status and creating precedent for more in the future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Potter Valley Tribe — and many others included in the suit — would nonetheless remain mostly landless until the early 2000s. But when Rosales became chairman in 2003, he said he saw it as his mission to slowly but surely buy back the tribe’s ancestral lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The quest began with a federal grant to buy a 4-acre parcel in Redwood Valley for housing for tribe members. And since then, via grants, land donations and money earned from the gaming industry, the tribe has purchased a checkerboard totaling more than 1,000 acres — the majority of it undeveloped forest — across Mendocino County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s unbelievable,” Rosales said, of the tribe’s progress in reacquiring their land. When family and friends ask him about the tribal council’s continual investments in land, he said he tells them that there’s “never been an opportunity like this” in previous years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rosales and the tribe worked with the nonprofit \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpl.org/our-work/community-forests\">Trust for Public Land\u003c/a>, which has now helped establish 45 community forests nationwide, protecting 43,000 acres through this grant alone.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> The trust’s North Coast Project Manager Jeff Conti said the agency’s primary role is to help tribes navigate the sometimes long and convoluted processes to get land back in the hands of those working to conserve it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“However we can plug in, whether it’s providing technical assistance, whether it’s helping fundraise, or just doing the whole transaction, we can help,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even after the tribe won the grant, it took six years before they found themselves in the right place and time with this particular property — and for this forest to be returned to its ancestral caretakers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the end,” Rosales said, “it paid off to be patient.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Keeping history and tradition alive\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Being effectively landless has affected the Pomo people in deep, lasting ways, Rosales said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of his ancestors were farm ranch hands, chasing seasonal work throughout the Potter and Ukiah valleys to make ends meet, he said. But as there’s been very little written or shared from elders, Rosales doesn’t know a lot beyond that — as he said, it became especially apparent when he was invited to speak to students in Potter Valley about the tribe’s history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071155\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071155\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-5-KQED-1536x1047.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An Amanita Muscaria mushroom grows at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>And without land to gather on, they have even fewer traditions to uphold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ceremony — any kind of gatherings, we don’t really have a history of that simply because of the past history of settlers and indigenous people,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As part of the community forest grant, the tribe is developing a land management and public access plan, which tribal leaders said will focus on environmental education, from foraging to reintroducing traditional ecological practices like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11887536/getting-good-fire-on-the-ground-the-karuk-tribe-pushes-to-restore-native-burn-management-to-protect-forests\">forest thinning\u003c/a>, to promote the resilience of the forest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rich, the tribe’s environmental program manager, said he’s excited to have a space where practicing — and sharing — these traditions is the focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think we’re at the beginning,” he said. “Now the tribe has a resource to work with the community on.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need these spaces together,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071169\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 1333px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071169\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1333\" height=\"2000\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED.jpg 1333w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED-160x240.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-45-KQED-1024x1536.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1333px) 100vw, 1333px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nathan Rich, Tribal Environmental Manager of Potter Valley Tribe, poses for a photo at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For her part, Pearce said she plans to help teach foraging here during the tribe’s annual environmental youth campout and other events — and she can already see how they could harvest wild onions growing here and use elder trees to make musical instruments.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is work that can only be done when the tribe owns the land to do it on, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are \u003ca href=\"https://www.hcn.org/issues/51-17/tribal-affairs-an-indigenous-way-of-life-for-these-california-tribes-breaks-state-laws/\">laws\u003c/a> in place that stop indigenous people from caretaking on their own tribal land,” she said. “So the only answer is private land because private landowners have more rights than indigenous people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But with so many tribes in the area still without land, not everyone has the same opportunity to learn what has been lost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In California, only half the tribes were reinstated after the Tillie Hardwick case,” she said. “So there are tribes that aren’t even recognized that have no access to anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pearce teaches her students that food sovereignty is important to everyone, not just native people on native lands.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When someone has control of your food, and you can’t feed yourself, that is their power,” she said. “That’s their power move, to take your food away, and you have to do what they say.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But if you can feed yourself for free where you live, then that’s food sovereignty,” Pearce said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The next generation\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Pearce said she’s particularly encouraged by the willingness of her Gen Z students and community members to “look at hard things and call them by the right name.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And all we can do is give them the education and support to do that, and that’s what we’re doing,” she said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> High school student Elizabeth Dodge, from Willits, attended the mushroom hunting event thanks to an invite from Pearce herself — to whom Dodge reached out for help identifying mushrooms she’d spotted in her family’s backyard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While Dodge isn’t a big fan of eating mushrooms, she’s really into identifying birds — a skill she learned from her grandmother. She said she now planned to make a presentation to her class on everything she found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve seen at least 17 kinds or something like that, so I’m really excited,” Dodge said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the entrance to the property, a table was blanketed in mushrooms of every size, shape and color, gathered by the day’s participants in Pearce’s handwoven baskets. People milled about, munching on freshly caught and cooked salmon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, a massive pan of foraged mushrooms — identified by the expert foragers present as safe to eat — sizzled next to a vat of alfredo sauce, as fettuccine vigorously boiled on the stovetop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Chairman Rosales, a noted expert on fungi, this event was ultimately a true family affair. That morning, Rosales’ son Boo had made donuts with glaze from candy cap mushrooms while his daughter Mariah was manning the stove.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re just gonna season them a little bit,” Mariah said. “You don’t really have to because mushrooms have their own seasoning, but just to be a little extra.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071167\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071167\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/20251122_POTTERVALLEYPOMO_GC-41-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">From left, Mariah Rosales, Allison Deng and MingXia Bai cook mushroom Alfredo fettuccine for attendees of Potter Valley Tribe’s mushroom foraging event, at the Pomo Community Forest, a 48-acre coastal forest, in Fort Bragg on Nov. 22, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Once the mushrooms were cooked, Mariah took command of the final steps of the process: pouring the sauce carefully onto the noodles, layering the delicate mushrooms on top and finishing with a sprinkling of herbs and plenty of parmesan cheese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With the tantalizing smell of the mushrooms filling the air, a line started to form, as everyone wanted a plate, and Mariah proudly served them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Let the elders get their plate first,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Chairman Rosales, who stood watching the group with a beaming smile, this event was exactly the type of new story — a new piece of history — he can now tell, when younger people ask about his tribe.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That sense of freedom,” he said, “is a powerful, positive energy for us.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "why-theres-a-cross-on-san-franciscos-highest-peak",
"title": "Why There's a Cross on San Francisco's Highest Peak",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#Viewthefullepisodetranscript\">View\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"#Viewthefullepisodetranscript\"> the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article first published April 1, 2021.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucked away on a wooded hillside in the middle of San Francisco sits a big concrete cross. When it was built, it could be seen from miles around. Now, a thick grove of trees partially shields it from view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousbug]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Bay Curious has gotten several questions about the cross. Even lifelong San Franciscans, like Julia Thollaug and Phil Montalvo, have wondered about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grew up in and around S.F. I’ve always noticed the cross and just wondered why it was there and where it came from?” says Thollaug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up in the Outer Mission/Crocker Amazon, the cross was always in view. I never understood when it was constructed, or even as of today, why it’s still up on Mount Davidson,” adds Montalvo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither of them has ever visited Mount Davidson Park, where the cross is located. And after living here for decades, I hadn’t either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Davidson Park rises above a quiet residential neighborhood just west of Twin Peaks. It’s not well known or well marked. But once you start walking the park’s trails, you’re surrounded by eucalyptus trees and it’s easy to forget you’re in the middle of a major city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11867150 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Looking to the east from the top of Mt. Davidson (Suzie Racho/KQED) \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you get to the top, you see two things: a view that stretches all the way to the East Bay and one very big cross. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9780738546605\">Author\u003c/a> and Mount Davidson \u003ca href=\"https://mtdavidson.org/jacqueline-proctor/\">historian\u003c/a> Jacquie Proctor says the cross’s origin story goes back to 1923. To a time when the area was a forest. \u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A guy named James Decatur, who is an employee of the Western Union Telegraph Company and involved with the YMCA, hikes through that forest and comes to the top, ” Proctor says. “And he sees this incredible view of downtown. And he is just overwhelmed. He is inspired then to build a cross to crown the highest point of the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An imposing sight, the concrete cross stands 103 feet tall and measures 10 feet wide at the base. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur thought it would be a perfect place to hold an Easter sunrise service. Holding religious ceremonies in natural settings was a trend at the time. Proctor says people were pushing back against the materialism of the Roaring ’20s by reconnecting to the natural and to the spiritual. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So it wasn’t hard for Decatur to find support for his idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867161\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 281px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11867161\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut-800x1209.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut-800x1209.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An article from the San Francisco Examiner, January 1923.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several of Mount Davidson’s trails had already been established by its landowner, a developer named A.S. Baldwin. Baldwin was already starting to build houses in the surrounding area. These would become neighborhoods like Westwood Highlands, Forest Hill and St. Francis Wood. Baldwin saw the service as a way to introduce more people to new neighborhoods west of Twin Peaks. So he not only gives Decatur permission to hold the event, but donates $2,000 to get a 40-foot tall wooden cross constructed for the service. That’s nearly $31,000 in today’s dollars.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb>\u003ci>\u003c/i>\u003c/b>The event also received enthusiastic backing from city officials, religious leaders and community groups. Boy Scout troops camped out the night before and acted as ushers for attendees. The dean of Grace Cathedral led the service. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That Easter morning was a rainy one, but Proctor says that didn’t stop 5,000 worshipers from showing up. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“James Decatur thinks, ‘This is great. Had no idea 5,000 people would come, so let’s do it again!’ ” Proctor says.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur raises money for a bigger wooden cross for the service the following year. But it wouldn’t be the last service or the last cross. There were five in all. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each temporary cross was replaced as t\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he now annual service got more and more popular, drawing tens of thousands of people, Proctor says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867160\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 358px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11867160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48209_AAB-9499-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"358\" height=\"459\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48209_AAB-9499-qut.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48209_AAB-9499-qut-160x205.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People are dressed up,” Proctor says. “They’re wearing fancy shoes and their fur coats. It was this incredible civic event. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But it was still being held on \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">private\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> land, land that was beginning to fill with new houses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The encroaching development alarmed nature lover \u003ca href=\"https://sfpucnewsroom.com/spotlight/a-look-back-in-history-a-courageous-woman-organized-to-preserve-mt-davidson-as-a-public-park/\">Madie Brown\u003c/a>. In 1926, she led a campaign to urge the city to buy 25 acres on Mount Davidson to create a public park. Bolstered by women’s groups across the city, the three-year campaign was a success. She even won the support of Baldwin’s widow, Emma, who donated the six acres at the peak. T\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he cross would now be sitting on public land. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867378\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11867378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48271_AAA-9478-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48271_AAA-9478-2-qut.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48271_AAA-9478-2-qut-160x134.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of worshippers climbed to the top of Mount Davidson for the sunrise service in 1930. (Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library) \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After years of temporary crosses, construction began on the monument in 1932. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It took two years and $20,000 to build the enormous concrete cross — almost $400,000 in today’s dollars. By the time it was completed, the country was in The Great Depression. But the people still wanted a grand celebration.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As part of the ceremony, a dozen 1,000-watt flood lights were installed on poles surrounding the cross. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Madie Brown envisioned a dramatic moment when the lights would be switched on for the first time. She wrote to an envoy of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt asking him to do the honors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“It seems most appropriate that the President, who has brought light into many a darkened American home and who through his New Deal has instilled the principles of the Golden Rule into American business, should take part in this cross lighting ceremony,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Western Union donates their time and their telegraph lines to set up a coast-to-coast hookup between Washington, D.C., and San Francisco. And on the evening of March 24, 1934, President Roosevelt pressed a gold \u003ca href=\"https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/history/morse-code-telegraph/morse-key-development.php\">telegraph key\u003c/a> that sent electricity across the country to light the Mount Davidson cross. Once lit, the cross was visible from 50 miles away. That Easter, 50,000 people journeyed to the monument. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867162\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11867162\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48210_AAA-9440-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48210_AAA-9440-sfi.jpg 286w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48210_AAA-9440-sfi-160x201.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mount Davidson cross nears completion in 1934. (Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library) \u003ccite>(Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San FrancicoPublic Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The cross became a San Francisco landmark. But other than an appearance in the Clint Eastwood movie, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“Dirty Harry”\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1971, it had largely stayed out of the news until the early 1990s, when the issue of a cross on public land ends up in \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/803/337/2132956/\">court.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After several years of litigation, the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals rules that\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> city ownership of the cross violates the California Constitution’s separation of church and state laws. San Francisco has to find someone to buy the cross or tear it down. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city decides they’re going to sell the land around the cross and the cross and they have to sell it with no conditions,” says Proctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12077572 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251027-ALMADENQUICKSILVER00034_TV-KQED.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1997, San Francisco settles on a plan to auction off the cross and the little over a third of an acre it sits on. The sale requires any bidder to keep the site open to the public and places restrictions on how many days it can be illuminated.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Three groups come forward in hopes of preserving the cross as a landmark: The Friends of Mount Davidson Conservancy (of which Jacquie Proctor was a member), the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Museum of the City of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Council of \u003ca href=\"https://www.mountdavidsoncross.org/council\">Armenian American Organizations of Northern California\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Armenian group thought that the cross could become a memorial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most Armenian Americans, including those in the San Francisco Bay Area, are descendants of the few survivors of the Armenian genocide, which was carried out by the Turkish leaders of the Ottoman Empire in 1915,” says \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Roxanne Makasdjian, a member of Council of Armenian American Organizations of Northern California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Makasdjian says that descendants often built two things in the places where they settled: churches and genocide memorials. The Armenian Council thought a visible symbol like the cross on Mount Davidson could educate the public about this history. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the support of the neighborhood group, who share the goals of preserving the cross and the park, Makasdjian’s group wins the rights to buy the site and the cross for $26,000. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867479\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11867479\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A plaque at the base of the Mount Davidson Cross marks Armenian Genocide Commemoration Day. (Photo Courtesy: Council of Armenian Americans of Northern California) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Council of Armenian Americans of Northern California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, the cross is lit two nights a year, April 24 to commemorate the Armenian genocide and the night before Easter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The annual \u003ca href=\"https://mtdavidson.org/easter-sunrise-service/\">sunrise service\u003c/a> still exists. Now it’s non-denominational, and a few hundred people usually show up. Not quite the same scene as the thousands who appeared in their finery in the 1920s and 1930s.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But Proctor is thankful for the sunrise service. Without it, she says, Mount Davidson would look very different today. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we didn’t have the sunrise service, we wouldn’t have a park there now. And it would have been covered with houses and buildings, like most of the other hills of San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic canceled the Easter service for the first time since 1923.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"Viewthefullepisodetranscript\">\u003c/a>Episode transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco may not be thought of as one of America’s most religious cities these days, but the place is named for St. Francis of Assisi. He’s the patron saint of animals, the environment and the country of Italy, which if you think about the city’s history has turned out to be a pretty apt name. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco has a long tradition of diverse religious practice. One place that hints at this history is on San Francisco’s highest peak, Mount Davidson. Look up and you’ll find a massive concrete cross at the top, one that some of you have been wondering about.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Julia Thollaug: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi, Bay Curious. I’m Julia Thollaug. I grew up in and around San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Phil Montalvo: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">My name is Phil Montalvo. I’m a native San Franciscan.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Julia Thollaug: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’ve always noticed the cross and just wondered why it was there, where it came from.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Phil Montalvo: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Growing up in the Outer Mission, Crocker Amazon, the cross was always in view. I never understood when it was constructed or even why it’s still up on Mount Davidson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Julia Thollaug and Phil Montalvo together: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What’s the deal with the giant cross on the top of Mount Davidson?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today on Bay Curious, we tell the story of how San Francisco ended up with a cross at its highest point. This story first aired in 2021, and we’re sharing it again because, well, there’s an event coming up that makes it sort of noteworthy at this point in time. You’ll see. You’ll see.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Olivia Allen-Price, you’re listening to Be Curious. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponsor message\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is the deal with that Mount Davidson cross? We sent KQED producer Suzie Racho to find out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just west of Twin Peaks, rising above a quiet residential neighborhood is Mount Davidson Park. It’s not well-known or well-marked, but once you start walking one of the park’s trails, you’re surrounded by eucalyptus trees, and you start to forget that you’re in the middle of a major city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho in scene:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I’m coming up the trail. I’m a little out of breath, but wow, what an amazing view. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you get to the top, you see two things: a view that stretches all the way to the East Bay and one very big cross. The cross is an imposing sight. It stands at 103 feet tall and 10 feet wide at the base. Made of concrete, it stands in stark contrast to blue sky and the eucalyptus grove that surrounds it. To learn more about how it got here, I went to Mount Davidson’s resident historian.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi, I’m Jackie Proctor.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jackie says the cross’s origin story goes back almost 100 years to 1923, to a time when the area was a forest.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A guy named James Decatur, who is an employee of the Western Union Telegraph Company, and followed with the YMCA, hikes through that forest and comes to the top and he sees this incredible view of downtown. And he is just overwhelmed and inspired and he writes this long essay about the experience.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice over for James Decatur: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peace and quiet were so profound that it seemed almost unbelievable that the noise and roar of a great city was only a few minutes behind them. The solitude of the forest conveyed a sense of vastness quite as real as one would experience among the age-old monarchs of the High Sierras.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is inspired then to build a cross to crown the highest point of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur thought it would be a perfect place to hold an Easter sunrise service. Holding religious ceremonies in natural settings was a trend at the time. Jackie says that people were pushing back against the materialism of the Roaring Twenties, reconnecting with the natural and spiritual worlds. So it wasn’t hard to find support for his idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several of Mount Davidson’s trails had already been established by its landowner, a local developer named A.S. Baldwin. Baldwin was already starting to build houses in the surrounding area. He saw the Easter service as a way to introduce more people to the new neighborhoods west of Twin Peaks. So Baldwin not only gives Decatur permission to hold the event, but donates $2,000 to get a 40-foot-tall wooden cross constructed. That’s nearly $31,000 today — a hefty contribution.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,000 people hike up that hill in 1923.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The service received enthusiastic backing from city officials, religious leaders and community groups. Boy Scouts camped out the night before and acted as ushers for attendees. The Dean of Grace Cathedral led the service.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James Decatur thinks, great, this is great. I had no idea 5,000 people would come, so let’s do it again.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur raises money for a bigger wooden cross for the service the following year, but it wouldn’t be the last service or the last cross.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first one was just torn down and replaced, and then the second one was burned down, and then, the third one was burnt down.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local newspapers report the fires as accidental or vandalism by bored teenagers. Each temporary cross was replaced as the now annual service got more and more popular, drawing tens of thousands of people.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People are dressed up. They’re wearing their fancy shoes and their fur coats and everything. It was like, you know, this incredible civic event.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But it was still being held on private land, land that was beginning to fill with newly constructed houses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The encroaching development alarmed nature lover Maddie Brown. In 1926, she led a campaign to urge the city to buy 25 acres on Mount Davidson to create a public park. Bolstered by women’s groups across the city, the three-year campaign was a success. She even won the support of Baldwin’s widow, Emma. Who donated the six acres at the peak. In 1929, Mount Davidson became a city park. That put the cross on public land. Supporters eagerly began planning for a more permanent cross, one that couldn’t be blown or burned down.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor reading: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And before 32,000 people at the 1932 Sunrise event, Governor Roth dedicated the cornerstone of the new 103-foot-high concrete cross.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It took two years and $20,000 to build the enormous concrete cross. That’s almost $400,000 today. And by the time it was done, the country was in the Great Depression. But the people still wanted a grand celebration. 12 huge floodlights were installed on poles surrounding the cross. Maddy Brown envisioned a dramatic moment when the lights would be switched on for the first time. She wrote to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, asking him to do the honors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice Over: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It seems most appropriate that the President, who has brought light into many a darkened American home, and who through his new deal has instilled the principles of the Golden Rule into American business, should take part in this cross-lighting ceremony.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Western Union donates their time and their telegraph lines, providing a coast-to-coast hookup between Washington, D.C. And San Francisco. And on the evening of March 24, 1934, President Roosevelt pressed the button that sent electricity across the country to light the Mount Davidson Cross. That Easter, 50,000 people journeyed to the monument. The cross became a San Francisco landmark. It made an appearance in the Clint Eastwood movie Dirty Harry in 1971. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dirty Harry clip:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Now turn, face the cross. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But had largely stayed out of the news until the early 90s. That’s when the issue of a cross on public land becomes a lawsuit. Groups concerned about the separation of church and state, including the ACLU, sue the city. After several years, the courts rule that city ownership of the cross violates the California Constitution’s separation of church and state. San Francisco has to find someone to buy the cross or tear it down.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So then the city decides they’re going to sell the land around the cross, and the cross. And they have to sell it with no conditions. So whoever buys it can tear the cross down, or they can…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our historian Jackie, a longtime Mount Davidson resident, remembers the controversy vividly.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concerned about that. I’m not a religious person. I sort of just saw the cross as like a relic of the depression, another public works project.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1997, San Francisco settles on a plan to auction off the cross and the little over a third of an acre that it sits on. They require any bidder to keep the site open to the public. The city sets the opening bid at $20,000. Three groups are interested in buying and preserving the cross, the Friends of Mount Davidson Conservancy, of which Jackie was a member, the Museum of the City of San Francisco, and the Council of Armenian American Organizations of Northern California.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Roxanne Makassian: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most Armenian Americans, including those in the San Francisco Bay Area, are descendants of the few survivors of the Armenian Genocide, which was carried out by the Turkish leaders of the Ottoman Empire in 1915.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Roxanne Makassian is a member of the Armenian Council. She says that descendants often build two things in the places where they settled, churches and a genocide memorial.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Roxanne Makassian: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Armenians said, you know, this would make a great monument for us to remember the Armenian genocide and maybe to educate locals about it.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the auction, the museum doesn’t go past their opening bid of $20,000. The neighborhood group bids $25,000, but supports the Armenian group after agreeing they both want the same things for the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We thought, well, they seem like they really care about maintaining the area for public access. That was our goal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today the cross is lit two nights a year, April 24th to commemorate the Armenian Genocide, and the night before Easter. The annual sunrise service still exists, today it’s non-denominational, and a few hundred people usually show up. Not quite the same scene as the thousands who appeared in their finery in the 1920s and 30s. But Jackie says, without the sunrise service Mount Davidson would look very different today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know, if we didn’t have the sunrise service, we wouldn’t have a park there now. And it would have been covered with houses and buildings or everything like most of the other hills of San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This year’s sunrise service takes place at 6.30 a.m on April 5th. Find details at mtdavidson.org. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have you signed up for the Bay Curious newsletter yet? It’s full of Bay Area trivia, more answers to your questions, and usually some cool photos. Sign up at baycurious.org slash newsletter. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This episode was produced by Suzie Racho, Katie McMurran, Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. Bay Curious is a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is pledge season, and that means we need your support. Give any amount that works for your budget at kqed.org slash donate. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by the Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco, Northern California Local.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Olivia Allen-Brice, have a great day.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"#Viewthefullepisodetranscript\">View\u003c/a>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"#Viewthefullepisodetranscript\"> the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article first published April 1, 2021.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tucked away on a wooded hillside in the middle of San Francisco sits a big concrete cross. When it was built, it could be seen from miles around. Now, a thick grove of trees partially shields it from view.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003caside class=\"alignleft utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__bayCuriousPodcastShortcode__bayCurious\">\u003cimg src=https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/02/bayCuriousLogo.png alt=\"Bay Curious Podcast\" loading=\"lazy\" />\n What do you wonder about the Bay Area, its culture or people that you want KQED to investigate?\n \u003ca href=\"/news/series/baycurious\">Ask Bay Curious.\u003c/a>\u003c/aside>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years, Bay Curious has gotten several questions about the cross. Even lifelong San Franciscans, like Julia Thollaug and Phil Montalvo, have wondered about it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I grew up in and around S.F. I’ve always noticed the cross and just wondered why it was there and where it came from?” says Thollaug.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Growing up in the Outer Mission/Crocker Amazon, the cross was always in view. I never understood when it was constructed, or even as of today, why it’s still up on Mount Davidson,” adds Montalvo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither of them has ever visited Mount Davidson Park, where the cross is located. And after living here for decades, I hadn’t either.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mount Davidson Park rises above a quiet residential neighborhood just west of Twin Peaks. It’s not well known or well marked. But once you start walking the park’s trails, you’re surrounded by eucalyptus trees and it’s easy to forget you’re in the middle of a major city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11867150 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48183_IMG_6367-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Looking to the east from the top of Mt. Davidson (Suzie Racho/KQED) \u003ccite>(Suzie Racho)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you get to the top, you see two things: a view that stretches all the way to the East Bay and one very big cross. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.arcadiapublishing.com/Products/9780738546605\">Author\u003c/a> and Mount Davidson \u003ca href=\"https://mtdavidson.org/jacqueline-proctor/\">historian\u003c/a> Jacquie Proctor says the cross’s origin story goes back to 1923. To a time when the area was a forest. \u003c/span>\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A guy named James Decatur, who is an employee of the Western Union Telegraph Company and involved with the YMCA, hikes through that forest and comes to the top, ” Proctor says. “And he sees this incredible view of downtown. And he is just overwhelmed. He is inspired then to build a cross to crown the highest point of the city.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An imposing sight, the concrete cross stands 103 feet tall and measures 10 feet wide at the base. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur thought it would be a perfect place to hold an Easter sunrise service. Holding religious ceremonies in natural settings was a trend at the time. Proctor says people were pushing back against the materialism of the Roaring ’20s by reconnecting to the natural and to the spiritual. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So it wasn’t hard for Decatur to find support for his idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867161\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 281px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11867161\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut-800x1209.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"281\" height=\"425\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut-800x1209.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut-160x242.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48208_1923-SF-Examiner-qut.jpg 940w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 281px) 100vw, 281px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An article from the San Francisco Examiner, January 1923.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several of Mount Davidson’s trails had already been established by its landowner, a developer named A.S. Baldwin. Baldwin was already starting to build houses in the surrounding area. These would become neighborhoods like Westwood Highlands, Forest Hill and St. Francis Wood. Baldwin saw the service as a way to introduce more people to new neighborhoods west of Twin Peaks. So he not only gives Decatur permission to hold the event, but donates $2,000 to get a 40-foot tall wooden cross constructed for the service. That’s nearly $31,000 in today’s dollars.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb>\u003ci>\u003c/i>\u003c/b>The event also received enthusiastic backing from city officials, religious leaders and community groups. Boy Scout troops camped out the night before and acted as ushers for attendees. The dean of Grace Cathedral led the service. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That Easter morning was a rainy one, but Proctor says that didn’t stop 5,000 worshipers from showing up. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cb> \u003c/b>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“James Decatur thinks, ‘This is great. Had no idea 5,000 people would come, so let’s do it again!’ ” Proctor says.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur raises money for a bigger wooden cross for the service the following year. But it wouldn’t be the last service or the last cross. There were five in all. \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Each temporary cross was replaced as t\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he now annual service got more and more popular, drawing tens of thousands of people, Proctor says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867160\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 358px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11867160\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48209_AAB-9499-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"358\" height=\"459\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48209_AAB-9499-qut.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48209_AAB-9499-qut-160x205.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 358px) 100vw, 358px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">(Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“People are dressed up,” Proctor says. “They’re wearing fancy shoes and their fur coats. It was this incredible civic event. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But it was still being held on \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">private\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> land, land that was beginning to fill with new houses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The encroaching development alarmed nature lover \u003ca href=\"https://sfpucnewsroom.com/spotlight/a-look-back-in-history-a-courageous-woman-organized-to-preserve-mt-davidson-as-a-public-park/\">Madie Brown\u003c/a>. In 1926, she led a campaign to urge the city to buy 25 acres on Mount Davidson to create a public park. Bolstered by women’s groups across the city, the three-year campaign was a success. She even won the support of Baldwin’s widow, Emma, who donated the six acres at the peak. T\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">he cross would now be sitting on public land. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867378\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11867378\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48271_AAA-9478-2-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"671\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48271_AAA-9478-2-qut.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48271_AAA-9478-2-qut-160x134.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thousands of worshippers climbed to the top of Mount Davidson for the sunrise service in 1930. (Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library) \u003ccite>(San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After years of temporary crosses, construction began on the monument in 1932. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It took two years and $20,000 to build the enormous concrete cross — almost $400,000 in today’s dollars. By the time it was completed, the country was in The Great Depression. But the people still wanted a grand celebration.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As part of the ceremony, a dozen 1,000-watt flood lights were installed on poles surrounding the cross. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Madie Brown envisioned a dramatic moment when the lights would be switched on for the first time. She wrote to an envoy of President Franklin Delano Roosevelt asking him to do the honors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“It seems most appropriate that the President, who has brought light into many a darkened American home and who through his New Deal has instilled the principles of the Golden Rule into American business, should take part in this cross lighting ceremony,” she wrote.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Western Union donates their time and their telegraph lines to set up a coast-to-coast hookup between Washington, D.C., and San Francisco. And on the evening of March 24, 1934, President Roosevelt pressed a gold \u003ca href=\"https://www.electronics-notes.com/articles/history/morse-code-telegraph/morse-key-development.php\">telegraph key\u003c/a> that sent electricity across the country to light the Mount Davidson cross. Once lit, the cross was visible from 50 miles away. That Easter, 50,000 people journeyed to the monument. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867162\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 280px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-11867162\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48210_AAA-9440-sfi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"280\" height=\"352\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48210_AAA-9440-sfi.jpg 286w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48210_AAA-9440-sfi-160x201.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 280px) 100vw, 280px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Mount Davidson cross nears completion in 1934. (Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San Francisco Public Library) \u003ccite>(Photo Courtesy: San Francisco History Center, San FrancicoPublic Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The cross became a San Francisco landmark. But other than an appearance in the Clint Eastwood movie, \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“Dirty Harry”\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> in 1971, it had largely stayed out of the news until the early 1990s, when the issue of a cross on public land ends up in \u003ca href=\"https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/district-courts/FSupp/803/337/2132956/\">court.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After several years of litigation, the 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals rules that\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> city ownership of the cross violates the California Constitution’s separation of church and state laws. San Francisco has to find someone to buy the cross or tear it down. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The city decides they’re going to sell the land around the cross and the cross and they have to sell it with no conditions,” says Proctor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1997, San Francisco settles on a plan to auction off the cross and the little over a third of an acre it sits on. The sale requires any bidder to keep the site open to the public and places restrictions on how many days it can be illuminated.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Three groups come forward in hopes of preserving the cross as a landmark: The Friends of Mount Davidson Conservancy (of which Jacquie Proctor was a member), the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Museum of the City of San Francisco\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the \u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Council of \u003ca href=\"https://www.mountdavidsoncross.org/council\">Armenian American Organizations of Northern California\u003c/a>. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Armenian group thought that the cross could become a memorial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Most Armenian Americans, including those in the San Francisco Bay Area, are descendants of the few survivors of the Armenian genocide, which was carried out by the Turkish leaders of the Ottoman Empire in 1915,” says \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Roxanne Makasdjian, a member of Council of Armenian American Organizations of Northern California.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Makasdjian says that descendants often built two things in the places where they settled: churches and genocide memorials. The Armenian Council thought a visible symbol like the cross on Mount Davidson could educate the public about this history. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With the support of the neighborhood group, who share the goals of preserving the cross and the park, Makasdjian’s group wins the rights to buy the site and the cross for $26,000. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11867479\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11867479\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2021/03/RS48320_Armenian-Genocide-Plaque-Closeup-qut.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A plaque at the base of the Mount Davidson Cross marks Armenian Genocide Commemoration Day. (Photo Courtesy: Council of Armenian Americans of Northern California) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Council of Armenian Americans of Northern California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Now, the cross is lit two nights a year, April 24 to commemorate the Armenian genocide and the night before Easter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The annual \u003ca href=\"https://mtdavidson.org/easter-sunrise-service/\">sunrise service\u003c/a> still exists. Now it’s non-denominational, and a few hundred people usually show up. Not quite the same scene as the thousands who appeared in their finery in the 1920s and 1930s.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But Proctor is thankful for the sunrise service. Without it, she says, Mount Davidson would look very different today. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If we didn’t have the sunrise service, we wouldn’t have a park there now. And it would have been covered with houses and buildings, like most of the other hills of San Francisco.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 2020, the coronavirus pandemic canceled the Easter service for the first time since 1923.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"Viewthefullepisodetranscript\">\u003c/a>Episode transcript\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco may not be thought of as one of America’s most religious cities these days, but the place is named for St. Francis of Assisi. He’s the patron saint of animals, the environment and the country of Italy, which if you think about the city’s history has turned out to be a pretty apt name. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco has a long tradition of diverse religious practice. One place that hints at this history is on San Francisco’s highest peak, Mount Davidson. Look up and you’ll find a massive concrete cross at the top, one that some of you have been wondering about.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Julia Thollaug: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi, Bay Curious. I’m Julia Thollaug. I grew up in and around San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Phil Montalvo: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">My name is Phil Montalvo. I’m a native San Franciscan.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Julia Thollaug: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’ve always noticed the cross and just wondered why it was there, where it came from.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Phil Montalvo: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Growing up in the Outer Mission, Crocker Amazon, the cross was always in view. I never understood when it was constructed or even why it’s still up on Mount Davidson.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Julia Thollaug and Phil Montalvo together: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What’s the deal with the giant cross on the top of Mount Davidson?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today on Bay Curious, we tell the story of how San Francisco ended up with a cross at its highest point. This story first aired in 2021, and we’re sharing it again because, well, there’s an event coming up that makes it sort of noteworthy at this point in time. You’ll see. You’ll see.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Olivia Allen-Price, you’re listening to Be Curious. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponsor message\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What is the deal with that Mount Davidson cross? We sent KQED producer Suzie Racho to find out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just west of Twin Peaks, rising above a quiet residential neighborhood is Mount Davidson Park. It’s not well-known or well-marked, but once you start walking one of the park’s trails, you’re surrounded by eucalyptus trees, and you start to forget that you’re in the middle of a major city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho in scene:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I’m coming up the trail. I’m a little out of breath, but wow, what an amazing view. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When you get to the top, you see two things: a view that stretches all the way to the East Bay and one very big cross. The cross is an imposing sight. It stands at 103 feet tall and 10 feet wide at the base. Made of concrete, it stands in stark contrast to blue sky and the eucalyptus grove that surrounds it. To learn more about how it got here, I went to Mount Davidson’s resident historian.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi, I’m Jackie Proctor.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Jackie says the cross’s origin story goes back almost 100 years to 1923, to a time when the area was a forest.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A guy named James Decatur, who is an employee of the Western Union Telegraph Company, and followed with the YMCA, hikes through that forest and comes to the top and he sees this incredible view of downtown. And he is just overwhelmed and inspired and he writes this long essay about the experience.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice over for James Decatur: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Peace and quiet were so profound that it seemed almost unbelievable that the noise and roar of a great city was only a few minutes behind them. The solitude of the forest conveyed a sense of vastness quite as real as one would experience among the age-old monarchs of the High Sierras.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He is inspired then to build a cross to crown the highest point of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur thought it would be a perfect place to hold an Easter sunrise service. Holding religious ceremonies in natural settings was a trend at the time. Jackie says that people were pushing back against the materialism of the Roaring Twenties, reconnecting with the natural and spiritual worlds. So it wasn’t hard to find support for his idea. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Several of Mount Davidson’s trails had already been established by its landowner, a local developer named A.S. Baldwin. Baldwin was already starting to build houses in the surrounding area. He saw the Easter service as a way to introduce more people to the new neighborhoods west of Twin Peaks. So Baldwin not only gives Decatur permission to hold the event, but donates $2,000 to get a 40-foot-tall wooden cross constructed. That’s nearly $31,000 today — a hefty contribution.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">5,000 people hike up that hill in 1923.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The service received enthusiastic backing from city officials, religious leaders and community groups. Boy Scouts camped out the night before and acted as ushers for attendees. The Dean of Grace Cathedral led the service.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James Decatur thinks, great, this is great. I had no idea 5,000 people would come, so let’s do it again.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decatur raises money for a bigger wooden cross for the service the following year, but it wouldn’t be the last service or the last cross.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The first one was just torn down and replaced, and then the second one was burned down, and then, the third one was burnt down.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Local newspapers report the fires as accidental or vandalism by bored teenagers. Each temporary cross was replaced as the now annual service got more and more popular, drawing tens of thousands of people.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">People are dressed up. They’re wearing their fancy shoes and their fur coats and everything. It was like, you know, this incredible civic event.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But it was still being held on private land, land that was beginning to fill with newly constructed houses. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The encroaching development alarmed nature lover Maddie Brown. In 1926, she led a campaign to urge the city to buy 25 acres on Mount Davidson to create a public park. Bolstered by women’s groups across the city, the three-year campaign was a success. She even won the support of Baldwin’s widow, Emma. Who donated the six acres at the peak. In 1929, Mount Davidson became a city park. That put the cross on public land. Supporters eagerly began planning for a more permanent cross, one that couldn’t be blown or burned down.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor reading: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And before 32,000 people at the 1932 Sunrise event, Governor Roth dedicated the cornerstone of the new 103-foot-high concrete cross.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It took two years and $20,000 to build the enormous concrete cross. That’s almost $400,000 today. And by the time it was done, the country was in the Great Depression. But the people still wanted a grand celebration. 12 huge floodlights were installed on poles surrounding the cross. Maddy Brown envisioned a dramatic moment when the lights would be switched on for the first time. She wrote to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, asking him to do the honors.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice Over: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It seems most appropriate that the President, who has brought light into many a darkened American home, and who through his new deal has instilled the principles of the Golden Rule into American business, should take part in this cross-lighting ceremony.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Western Union donates their time and their telegraph lines, providing a coast-to-coast hookup between Washington, D.C. And San Francisco. And on the evening of March 24, 1934, President Roosevelt pressed the button that sent electricity across the country to light the Mount Davidson Cross. That Easter, 50,000 people journeyed to the monument. The cross became a San Francisco landmark. It made an appearance in the Clint Eastwood movie Dirty Harry in 1971. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Dirty Harry clip:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Now turn, face the cross. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But had largely stayed out of the news until the early 90s. That’s when the issue of a cross on public land becomes a lawsuit. Groups concerned about the separation of church and state, including the ACLU, sue the city. After several years, the courts rule that city ownership of the cross violates the California Constitution’s separation of church and state. San Francisco has to find someone to buy the cross or tear it down.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So then the city decides they’re going to sell the land around the cross, and the cross. And they have to sell it with no conditions. So whoever buys it can tear the cross down, or they can…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Our historian Jackie, a longtime Mount Davidson resident, remembers the controversy vividly.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Concerned about that. I’m not a religious person. I sort of just saw the cross as like a relic of the depression, another public works project.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1997, San Francisco settles on a plan to auction off the cross and the little over a third of an acre that it sits on. They require any bidder to keep the site open to the public. The city sets the opening bid at $20,000. Three groups are interested in buying and preserving the cross, the Friends of Mount Davidson Conservancy, of which Jackie was a member, the Museum of the City of San Francisco, and the Council of Armenian American Organizations of Northern California.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Roxanne Makassian: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most Armenian Americans, including those in the San Francisco Bay Area, are descendants of the few survivors of the Armenian Genocide, which was carried out by the Turkish leaders of the Ottoman Empire in 1915.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Roxanne Makassian is a member of the Armenian Council. She says that descendants often build two things in the places where they settled, churches and a genocide memorial.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Roxanne Makassian: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Armenians said, you know, this would make a great monument for us to remember the Armenian genocide and maybe to educate locals about it.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">At the auction, the museum doesn’t go past their opening bid of $20,000. The neighborhood group bids $25,000, but supports the Armenian group after agreeing they both want the same things for the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We thought, well, they seem like they really care about maintaining the area for public access. That was our goal.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Suzie Racho: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today the cross is lit two nights a year, April 24th to commemorate the Armenian Genocide, and the night before Easter. The annual sunrise service still exists, today it’s non-denominational, and a few hundred people usually show up. Not quite the same scene as the thousands who appeared in their finery in the 1920s and 30s. But Jackie says, without the sunrise service Mount Davidson would look very different today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Jackie Proctor: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know, if we didn’t have the sunrise service, we wouldn’t have a park there now. And it would have been covered with houses and buildings or everything like most of the other hills of San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This year’s sunrise service takes place at 6.30 a.m on April 5th. Find details at mtdavidson.org. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Have you signed up for the Bay Curious newsletter yet? It’s full of Bay Area trivia, more answers to your questions, and usually some cool photos. Sign up at baycurious.org slash newsletter. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This episode was produced by Suzie Racho, Katie McMurran, Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. Bay Curious is a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It is pledge season, and that means we need your support. Give any amount that works for your budget at kqed.org slash donate. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by the Screen Actors Guild, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco, Northern California Local.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.lodinews.com/news/article_ca83de23-bdaf-43b4-ae33-c552240f73a8.html\">the Lodi News-Sentinel\u003c/a> and has been edited for KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/category/sports\">wrestlers\u003c/a> clad in neon windbreakers and leopard print pants climbed onto a square-shaped platform while A-ha’s 1985 hit “Take on Me” blared. A floodlight illuminated puffs of breath as they tangled with their opponents on a chilly February night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Razzle Dazzle, the ’80s-themed duo on stage, is a hometown favorite at these World Wrestling Entertainment-style monthly events in the heart of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/central-valley\">Central Valley’s\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-joaquin-county\">San Joaquin County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That night, they sparred with another tag-team duo called Monstars, Inc. One half of the duo, Moizilla, wearing a black lizard tail and piercing white contact lenses, lifted one of the hometown heroes in the air and triumphantly threw him onto his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/209dragonsden/\">209 Dragon’s Den\u003c/a>, a breeding ground for wrestling talent just east of Lodi. Wedged between a private home, a plant nursery and a barn, this backyard venue is one of the humbler sites of hundreds nationwide in the independent wrestling circuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Independent wrestling is typically focused more on uplifting the sport than making money. The Dragon’s Den, for example, charges around $20 per adult ticket and $5 for kids. Some of that money goes back to the wrestlers who perform. But to really make a living out of it, the wrestlers hope to sign a contract with major promotions like the WWE or take their acts abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076566\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076566\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Big MF” Matt Freeman, center, owner and trainer of the 209 Dragon’s Den, speaks with first-time wrestler Peter Kuzmitski, left, as Paras Singh prepares nearby on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re providing something that’s raw and authentic and is not filtered by all the bulls—,” owner Matt Freeman said. “[It’s a place to] get drawn in and forget about all the things in your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman came to wrestling late in life, in his 40s, after a divorce. Soon after, he set up a wrestling ring in his backyard and started a training group that became the 209 Dragon’s Den. In the past year, it has since burgeoned into a more official promotion, hosting shows that have attracted audiences and opponents from throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman said he has a soft spot for the sport’s underdogs: the scrawny, nerdy or older wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really get excited for those people that people thought would’ve never been able to do it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to become top-caliber wrestlers, they must first learn how to develop a convincing character.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hector Madrigal, aka “Razzle” or “Dazzle”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just as in the top tiers of professional wrestling, the outcomes of these matches are scripted. But just because the result is planned, it doesn’t mean the holds, throws — or spirit — are fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like method actors, the wrestlers tap into real parts of themselves to make their performances believable.[aside postID=arts_13981646 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/09/250904_FULLQUEER_GH-33-KQED.jpg'] “A lot of times, when we’re in the ring, we just get in our heads. We need to get out of our heads, get in our hearts to really get to that next level,” said Hector Madrigal, one half of Razzle Dazzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he’s not competing, he’s a secretary at a Lodi elementary school, a job where he’s a lot calmer than his wrestling character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just always behind … the computer, ordering stuff, doing a bunch of paperwork. But I do interact with the children,” he said. “Maybe a little of my Razzle Dazzle side comes out when I’m interacting with the kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the ring, he’s much more “bombastic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I] emphasize everything that’s in my heart,” he said. “I try to put it out so the crowd can see what I’ve been holding inside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paras Singh, aka “Punjabi Papi” or “The All-American”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of the night, an announcer bellowed into the microphone as the crowd waited eagerly for one of their favorite wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is the only king that stands in this ring. He is every lady’s habibi: The Punjabi Papi!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lodi local Paras Singh strutted through billowing curtains and along the front row of the crowd to high-five cheering fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076567\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paras Singh tapes his wrist before training at the 209 Dragon’s Den gym on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He climbed atop the ropes onstage, gesturing for the crowd to get loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before Singh could do too much preemptive celebrating, he was face-to-face with Reno-based wrestler David Luster, who’s nearly twice Singh’s size and age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The match was full of plot twists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh started strong, landing his signature drop kick to Luster’s face. But Luster retaliated, knocking Singh down again and again. Just when it seemed that Luster would earn an easy win, he kicked the referee. That move got him disqualified, and Singh won by default.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the crowd booed that outcome, the pair set up for a rematch. Luster knocked Singh down to his back, where he remained motionless for several minutes. Then, hometown villain group “The 209 Kliq” stormed the stage and stole Singh’s championship belts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, it was unclear who had prevailed. What was clear was the crowd’s enthusiasm — heckling and cheering from the edges of their plastic folding chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting with the audience through compelling characters and storylines is the point, the wrestlers at 209 Dragon’s Den said.[aside postID=news_12077101 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260310-UnhousedMail-02-BL_qed.jpg'] Singh has been performing recently as “Punjabi Papi,” playing off his Indian heritage. But he started as “The All-American.” With that character, he wanted to show off his background as an Army soldier. It worked for a while, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People loved … a hero that’s all good,” he said. “But you become one-dimensional in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With his new character, he gets to show off more of his personality. Singh said it’s who he wanted to be when he was younger. Someone who’s admired for their ethnic identity, instead of bullied for it. Someone with confidence and swagger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have to be an all-good hero. I could have layers now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up, Singh always wanted to be a wrestler. When he came home to Lodi at age 23 after serving active duty in the Army, he found the Dragon’s Den and thought, “Why not just go for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years later, he’s headlining shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just a kid with a dream,” he said. “A little brown boy from Lodi, California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of his fellow indie wrestlers, Singh has aspirations of making wrestling a full-time gig. To reach that goal, he spends most weeknights training under Dragon’s Den head coach, Michael Hayashi.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Michael Hayashi, aka “The Angry Dragon”\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nicknamed “The Angry Dragon,” Hayashi has performed for over two decades. His character was inspired by martial arts stars like Bruce Lee — and the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lean on the things I loved when I was a kid,” he said. “Basically, Michelangelo from Ninja Turtles. Or Raphael, depending on the situation. Hardly ever, Donatello. Though sometimes Leonardo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>He said he was initially drawn to wrestling as an outlet for his teenage angst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076573\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wrestlers train inside the ring at the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I used to have a chip on my shoulder,” Hayashi said. “Maybe I was even a little crazy, like trying to hurt myself almost, and prove that I could even belong in the ring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his relationship with his wrestling persona is different these days, now that he’s almost 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of trying to fake a character that I used to play, now I’m just showing you more of my true self,” he said. “To be honest, I’m not really an angry person anymore … And at this point now, I’m just kind of at the twilight of my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayashi’s coaching emphasizes both intense physical skills and doing deep internal work. The aim, he said, is that wrestling becomes an outlet for projecting your true self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try to, at the very least, find people’s strengths, turn them up to 11, and then, if they can kind of balance out after that, then they can become the wrestler that they want to be,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Wrestlers by night\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On weeknights, Hayashi drives across town to the Dragon’s Den, where he trains the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next to where the outdoor shows happen, there’s a wooden barn with a lofty ceiling. On a recent Wednesday night, a floodlight illuminated the practice ring inside. A dozen wrestlers stretched on mats or jabbed at a punching bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the theatrics of the sport, audiences often think wrestling doesn’t really hurt and that there’s little skill involved. But the wrestlers here, many fresh off a weightlifting session or nursing injuries, said that couldn’t be further from the truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076570\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076570\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Razzle Dazzle duo Hector Madrigal, left, and Christopher Pontilo pose on a ladder outside the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As they warmed up, Hayashi took the opportunity to talk about the concept of trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re always going to assume that our opponents are not trying to put us in the hospital, that we’re trying to have a good time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the next two hours, the wrestlers hopped into the ring one by one. Hayashi led them in drills to practice falls, or “bumps,” in wrestler-speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As each wrestler cycled in for their turn in the ring, Hayashi pushed them to commit further — to bring the same intensity to practice that they would in a match. The students waiting on a couch by the ring got into the spirit, heckling their fellow wrestlers just like their ideal audience would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ring that night, they were Razzle Dazzle, Punjabi Papi, and the Angry Dragon. The next day, they’ll go back to being Hector Madrigal, Paras Singh and Michael Hayashi. But they’ll keep coming back to the 209 Dragon’s Den, training for their next match and hoping for a shot at the main stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Hannah Weaver writes for the Lodi News-Sentinel as a cohort member of the California Local News Fellowship program, a multi-year, state-funded initiative to support and strengthen local news reporting in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.lodinews.com/news/article_ca83de23-bdaf-43b4-ae33-c552240f73a8.html\">the Lodi News-Sentinel\u003c/a> and has been edited for KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/category/sports\">wrestlers\u003c/a> clad in neon windbreakers and leopard print pants climbed onto a square-shaped platform while A-ha’s 1985 hit “Take on Me” blared. A floodlight illuminated puffs of breath as they tangled with their opponents on a chilly February night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Razzle Dazzle, the ’80s-themed duo on stage, is a hometown favorite at these World Wrestling Entertainment-style monthly events in the heart of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/central-valley\">Central Valley’s\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-joaquin-county\">San Joaquin County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That night, they sparred with another tag-team duo called Monstars, Inc. One half of the duo, Moizilla, wearing a black lizard tail and piercing white contact lenses, lifted one of the hometown heroes in the air and triumphantly threw him onto his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/209dragonsden/\">209 Dragon’s Den\u003c/a>, a breeding ground for wrestling talent just east of Lodi. Wedged between a private home, a plant nursery and a barn, this backyard venue is one of the humbler sites of hundreds nationwide in the independent wrestling circuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Independent wrestling is typically focused more on uplifting the sport than making money. The Dragon’s Den, for example, charges around $20 per adult ticket and $5 for kids. Some of that money goes back to the wrestlers who perform. But to really make a living out of it, the wrestlers hope to sign a contract with major promotions like the WWE or take their acts abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076566\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076566\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Big MF” Matt Freeman, center, owner and trainer of the 209 Dragon’s Den, speaks with first-time wrestler Peter Kuzmitski, left, as Paras Singh prepares nearby on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re providing something that’s raw and authentic and is not filtered by all the bulls—,” owner Matt Freeman said. “[It’s a place to] get drawn in and forget about all the things in your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman came to wrestling late in life, in his 40s, after a divorce. Soon after, he set up a wrestling ring in his backyard and started a training group that became the 209 Dragon’s Den. In the past year, it has since burgeoned into a more official promotion, hosting shows that have attracted audiences and opponents from throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman said he has a soft spot for the sport’s underdogs: the scrawny, nerdy or older wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really get excited for those people that people thought would’ve never been able to do it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to become top-caliber wrestlers, they must first learn how to develop a convincing character.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hector Madrigal, aka “Razzle” or “Dazzle”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just as in the top tiers of professional wrestling, the outcomes of these matches are scripted. But just because the result is planned, it doesn’t mean the holds, throws — or spirit — are fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like method actors, the wrestlers tap into real parts of themselves to make their performances believable.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> “A lot of times, when we’re in the ring, we just get in our heads. We need to get out of our heads, get in our hearts to really get to that next level,” said Hector Madrigal, one half of Razzle Dazzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he’s not competing, he’s a secretary at a Lodi elementary school, a job where he’s a lot calmer than his wrestling character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just always behind … the computer, ordering stuff, doing a bunch of paperwork. But I do interact with the children,” he said. “Maybe a little of my Razzle Dazzle side comes out when I’m interacting with the kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the ring, he’s much more “bombastic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I] emphasize everything that’s in my heart,” he said. “I try to put it out so the crowd can see what I’ve been holding inside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paras Singh, aka “Punjabi Papi” or “The All-American”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of the night, an announcer bellowed into the microphone as the crowd waited eagerly for one of their favorite wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is the only king that stands in this ring. He is every lady’s habibi: The Punjabi Papi!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lodi local Paras Singh strutted through billowing curtains and along the front row of the crowd to high-five cheering fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076567\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paras Singh tapes his wrist before training at the 209 Dragon’s Den gym on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He climbed atop the ropes onstage, gesturing for the crowd to get loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before Singh could do too much preemptive celebrating, he was face-to-face with Reno-based wrestler David Luster, who’s nearly twice Singh’s size and age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The match was full of plot twists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh started strong, landing his signature drop kick to Luster’s face. But Luster retaliated, knocking Singh down again and again. Just when it seemed that Luster would earn an easy win, he kicked the referee. That move got him disqualified, and Singh won by default.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the crowd booed that outcome, the pair set up for a rematch. Luster knocked Singh down to his back, where he remained motionless for several minutes. Then, hometown villain group “The 209 Kliq” stormed the stage and stole Singh’s championship belts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, it was unclear who had prevailed. What was clear was the crowd’s enthusiasm — heckling and cheering from the edges of their plastic folding chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting with the audience through compelling characters and storylines is the point, the wrestlers at 209 Dragon’s Den said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Singh has been performing recently as “Punjabi Papi,” playing off his Indian heritage. But he started as “The All-American.” With that character, he wanted to show off his background as an Army soldier. It worked for a while, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People loved … a hero that’s all good,” he said. “But you become one-dimensional in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With his new character, he gets to show off more of his personality. Singh said it’s who he wanted to be when he was younger. Someone who’s admired for their ethnic identity, instead of bullied for it. Someone with confidence and swagger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have to be an all-good hero. I could have layers now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up, Singh always wanted to be a wrestler. When he came home to Lodi at age 23 after serving active duty in the Army, he found the Dragon’s Den and thought, “Why not just go for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years later, he’s headlining shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just a kid with a dream,” he said. “A little brown boy from Lodi, California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of his fellow indie wrestlers, Singh has aspirations of making wrestling a full-time gig. To reach that goal, he spends most weeknights training under Dragon’s Den head coach, Michael Hayashi.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Michael Hayashi, aka “The Angry Dragon”\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nicknamed “The Angry Dragon,” Hayashi has performed for over two decades. His character was inspired by martial arts stars like Bruce Lee — and the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lean on the things I loved when I was a kid,” he said. “Basically, Michelangelo from Ninja Turtles. Or Raphael, depending on the situation. Hardly ever, Donatello. Though sometimes Leonardo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>He said he was initially drawn to wrestling as an outlet for his teenage angst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076573\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wrestlers train inside the ring at the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I used to have a chip on my shoulder,” Hayashi said. “Maybe I was even a little crazy, like trying to hurt myself almost, and prove that I could even belong in the ring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his relationship with his wrestling persona is different these days, now that he’s almost 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of trying to fake a character that I used to play, now I’m just showing you more of my true self,” he said. “To be honest, I’m not really an angry person anymore … And at this point now, I’m just kind of at the twilight of my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayashi’s coaching emphasizes both intense physical skills and doing deep internal work. The aim, he said, is that wrestling becomes an outlet for projecting your true self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try to, at the very least, find people’s strengths, turn them up to 11, and then, if they can kind of balance out after that, then they can become the wrestler that they want to be,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Wrestlers by night\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On weeknights, Hayashi drives across town to the Dragon’s Den, where he trains the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next to where the outdoor shows happen, there’s a wooden barn with a lofty ceiling. On a recent Wednesday night, a floodlight illuminated the practice ring inside. A dozen wrestlers stretched on mats or jabbed at a punching bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the theatrics of the sport, audiences often think wrestling doesn’t really hurt and that there’s little skill involved. But the wrestlers here, many fresh off a weightlifting session or nursing injuries, said that couldn’t be further from the truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076570\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076570\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Razzle Dazzle duo Hector Madrigal, left, and Christopher Pontilo pose on a ladder outside the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As they warmed up, Hayashi took the opportunity to talk about the concept of trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re always going to assume that our opponents are not trying to put us in the hospital, that we’re trying to have a good time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the next two hours, the wrestlers hopped into the ring one by one. Hayashi led them in drills to practice falls, or “bumps,” in wrestler-speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As each wrestler cycled in for their turn in the ring, Hayashi pushed them to commit further — to bring the same intensity to practice that they would in a match. The students waiting on a couch by the ring got into the spirit, heckling their fellow wrestlers just like their ideal audience would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ring that night, they were Razzle Dazzle, Punjabi Papi, and the Angry Dragon. The next day, they’ll go back to being Hector Madrigal, Paras Singh and Michael Hayashi. But they’ll keep coming back to the 209 Dragon’s Den, training for their next match and hoping for a shot at the main stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Hannah Weaver writes for the Lodi News-Sentinel as a cohort member of the California Local News Fellowship program, a multi-year, state-funded initiative to support and strengthen local news reporting in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "2026-when-is-eid-al-fitr-end-ramadan-san-francisco-bay-area-bazaars-festivals-night-markets-parties",
"title": "Where to Celebrate Eid al-Fitr 2026 in the Bay Area: Bazaars, Festivals, Night Markets and Parties to Know",
"publishDate": 1773779471,
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"headTitle": "Where to Celebrate Eid al-Fitr 2026 in the Bay Area: Bazaars, Festivals, Night Markets and Parties to Know | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Eid al-Fitr — “the feast of breaking the fast” — is coming up at the end of March, signaling the end of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073604/2026-ramadan-mubarak-where-to-find-iftar-suhoor-san-francisco-bay-area\">the holy month of Ramadan\u003c/a> for Muslims across the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11978744/were-all-hurting-for-bay-area-muslim-leaders-gaza-is-ever-present-during-ramadan-2024\">as with Eids of recent years\u003c/a>, it may be a somber occasion for many in the Muslim community. Earlier this month, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101913218/in-second-week-iran-war-expands-through-region\">United States and Israel launched strikes\u003c/a> against Iran, sparking a war that’s seen violence continue to ripple across the Middle East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day Eid actually starts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910408/ramadan-begins-on-a-crescent-moon-ushering-in-a-holy-month-of-fasting-and-kindness\">depends on the sightings of the moon\u003c/a>, but at present it’s estimated to \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-independent.com/bulletin/lifestyle/when-is-eid-al-fitr-2026-ramadan-end-b2937043.html\">begin on either the night of March 19 or March 20\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075745/bay-area-muslims-ramp-up-charity-drives-fundraisers-during-ramadan\">Eid party to celebrate\u003c/a>, pray and enjoy food (during the \u003cem>day!\u003c/em>) with others, keep reading for just some of the events taking place around the Bay Area — several of which are family-friendly or have free admission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you’re still looking for Iftar and Suhoor meals and buffets near you this week before Eid, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073604/2026-ramadan-mubarak-where-to-find-iftar-suhoor-san-francisco-bay-area\">read our guide to these Bay Area restaurants and pop-ups\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find Eid celebrations in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The following are just some of the Eid-related celebrations in the Bay Area. Keep in mind that more often than not, these events are not \u003cem>on\u003c/em> Eid itself. Some may even change the day, according to the moon sighting, so be sure to keep an eye out for any updates from organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you see tickets on sale, consider grabbing them early, as these tend to run out quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a regularly updated list, you can check out \u003ca href=\"https://ramadaninbayarea.com/\">this community calendar\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://tockify.com/muslimfomo/pinboard\">crowd-sourced website\u003c/a> that keeps track of Ramadan and Eid-related events in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944171\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man and a young boy, both with darker skin, wear traditional long sleeved purple shirts and pants, sitting down on a prayer mat. The boy is smiling broadly as the man looks down at him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This year’s Eid al-Fitr is predicted to begin on Sunday, March 30. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shopping, henna and other preparations for Eid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 16-19: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mcabayarea.org/mec-events/henna-nights/?occurrence=2026-03-16\">Henna Nights\u003c/a>, leading up to Eid at the Muslim Community Association in Santa Clara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 18:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVeZlREknTt/\">Chand Raat\u003c/a>, Marriott in Pleasanton\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://sbia.info/\">Henna Night\u003c/a> at the South Bay Islamic Association in San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.tickettailor.com/events/mcceastbay/2115727\">Henna for Hearts: Chaand Raat Event\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at the MCC Sunday School in Pleasanton\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2120px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033216\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2120\" height=\"1414\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591.jpg 2120w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2120px) 100vw, 2120px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are Eid picnics, parties and celebrations across the Bay Area over the coming week. \u003ccite>(Alvarez/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eid festivals, prayers and markets \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://partiful.com/e/K6SDyO6W6QSoCmfPFWxy?source=share\">Charity Chandraat\u003c/a> at Zareen’s in Palo Alto\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVzFUmCklQo/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">Chand Raat: Night Market\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at elaichi co. in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19 \u003cem>or\u003c/em> 20: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/bayareahalalfoodies/posts/1847497695936578/\">Mountain House Chaand Raat Bazaar\u003c/a> at the Unity Center in Mountain House\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://srvic.org/event/eid-ul-fitr-celebration/\">San Ramon Valley Islamic Center Eid Celebration\u003c/a> in San Ramon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 21:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://ramadaninbayarea.com/event/eid-al-fitr-celebration-stories-mar-21-2026\">Eid Al Fitr Celebration Stories\u003c/a> for children at Santa Clara City Library in Santa Clara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20: \u003ca href=\"https://sbia.info/\">Eid Al-Fitr Prayer and Celebration\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at the Santa Clara Fairgrounds in San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DUohy7Ckl21/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">SAC Unity Eid and Festival\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at Cal Expo in Sacramento\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20 and 21: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVz6pgDEW6z/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">Eid ul-Fitr Buffet\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at Mehran in Newark\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 22: \u003ca href=\"https://partiful.com/e/d8rXKGU4Y6hGLU9JvUfZ?source=share\">Eid Picnic\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> (potluck style) at Central Park in Santa Clara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 22: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVwPL2Ij5LW/?igsh=NjZiM2M3MzIxNA%3D%3D\">Eid Celebration and Fundraiser for Sudan\u003c/a> in Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 27:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.threads.com/@azmi_a.gill/post/DVC2joRgfWB/eid-mela-fremont\">Eid Mela\u003c/a> at Fremont Event Center in Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 28: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/tenderloin-street-fair-eid-celebration-tickets-1983912677223?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\">Tenderloin Street Fair Eid Celebration\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 28:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reels/DV0Bc8JiVIs/\">Eid Festival at Islamic Society of East Bay\u003c/a> (Lowry Mosque) in Union City\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 28: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeGZik55yq3lDXCAkUyXIKdgMp1Bt3QEUNBq8Ke8ydmh7fRLQ/viewform\">Tawasaw Eid Al-Fitr Family Picnic\u003c/a> at Sunnyvale Baylands Park in Sunnyvale\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Where to Celebrate Eid al-Fitr 2026 in the Bay Area: Bazaars, Festivals, Night Markets and Parties to Know | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Eid al-Fitr — “the feast of breaking the fast” — is coming up at the end of March, signaling the end of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073604/2026-ramadan-mubarak-where-to-find-iftar-suhoor-san-francisco-bay-area\">the holy month of Ramadan\u003c/a> for Muslims across the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11978744/were-all-hurting-for-bay-area-muslim-leaders-gaza-is-ever-present-during-ramadan-2024\">as with Eids of recent years\u003c/a>, it may be a somber occasion for many in the Muslim community. Earlier this month, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101913218/in-second-week-iran-war-expands-through-region\">United States and Israel launched strikes\u003c/a> against Iran, sparking a war that’s seen violence continue to ripple across the Middle East.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The day Eid actually starts \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11910408/ramadan-begins-on-a-crescent-moon-ushering-in-a-holy-month-of-fasting-and-kindness\">depends on the sightings of the moon\u003c/a>, but at present it’s estimated to \u003ca href=\"https://www.the-independent.com/bulletin/lifestyle/when-is-eid-al-fitr-2026-ramadan-end-b2937043.html\">begin on either the night of March 19 or March 20\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12075745/bay-area-muslims-ramp-up-charity-drives-fundraisers-during-ramadan\">Eid party to celebrate\u003c/a>, pray and enjoy food (during the \u003cem>day!\u003c/em>) with others, keep reading for just some of the events taking place around the Bay Area — several of which are family-friendly or have free admission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you’re still looking for Iftar and Suhoor meals and buffets near you this week before Eid, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073604/2026-ramadan-mubarak-where-to-find-iftar-suhoor-san-francisco-bay-area\">read our guide to these Bay Area restaurants and pop-ups\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Where can I find Eid celebrations in the Bay Area?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The following are just some of the Eid-related celebrations in the Bay Area. Keep in mind that more often than not, these events are not \u003cem>on\u003c/em> Eid itself. Some may even change the day, according to the moon sighting, so be sure to keep an eye out for any updates from organizers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And if you see tickets on sale, consider grabbing them early, as these tend to run out quickly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For a regularly updated list, you can check out \u003ca href=\"https://ramadaninbayarea.com/\">this community calendar\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://tockify.com/muslimfomo/pinboard\">crowd-sourced website\u003c/a> that keeps track of Ramadan and Eid-related events in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944171\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944171\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut.jpg\" alt=\"A man and a young boy, both with darker skin, wear traditional long sleeved purple shirts and pants, sitting down on a prayer mat. The boy is smiling broadly as the man looks down at him.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/RS63752_GettyImages-1240397744-qut-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This year’s Eid al-Fitr is predicted to begin on Sunday, March 30. \u003ccite>(Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu Agency via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Shopping, henna and other preparations for Eid\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 16-19: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.mcabayarea.org/mec-events/henna-nights/?occurrence=2026-03-16\">Henna Nights\u003c/a>, leading up to Eid at the Muslim Community Association in Santa Clara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 18:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVeZlREknTt/\">Chand Raat\u003c/a>, Marriott in Pleasanton\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://sbia.info/\">Henna Night\u003c/a> at the South Bay Islamic Association in San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.tickettailor.com/events/mcceastbay/2115727\">Henna for Hearts: Chaand Raat Event\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at the MCC Sunday School in Pleasanton\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12033216\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2120px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12033216\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2120\" height=\"1414\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591.jpg 2120w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-2048x1366.jpg 2048w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/GettyImages-2195339591-1920x1281.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2120px) 100vw, 2120px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">There are Eid picnics, parties and celebrations across the Bay Area over the coming week. \u003ccite>(Alvarez/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eid festivals, prayers and markets \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://partiful.com/e/K6SDyO6W6QSoCmfPFWxy?source=share\">Charity Chandraat\u003c/a> at Zareen’s in Palo Alto\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVzFUmCklQo/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">Chand Raat: Night Market\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at elaichi co. in Berkeley\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 19 \u003cem>or\u003c/em> 20: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/groups/bayareahalalfoodies/posts/1847497695936578/\">Mountain House Chaand Raat Bazaar\u003c/a> at the Unity Center in Mountain House\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://srvic.org/event/eid-ul-fitr-celebration/\">San Ramon Valley Islamic Center Eid Celebration\u003c/a> in San Ramon\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 21:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://ramadaninbayarea.com/event/eid-al-fitr-celebration-stories-mar-21-2026\">Eid Al Fitr Celebration Stories\u003c/a> for children at Santa Clara City Library in Santa Clara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20: \u003ca href=\"https://sbia.info/\">Eid Al-Fitr Prayer and Celebration\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at the Santa Clara Fairgrounds in San José\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DUohy7Ckl21/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">SAC Unity Eid and Festival\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at Cal Expo in Sacramento\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 20 and 21: \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVz6pgDEW6z/?igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ%3D%3D\">Eid ul-Fitr Buffet\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> at Mehran in Newark\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 22: \u003ca href=\"https://partiful.com/e/d8rXKGU4Y6hGLU9JvUfZ?source=share\">Eid Picnic\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> (potluck style) at Central Park in Santa Clara\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 22: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DVwPL2Ij5LW/?igsh=NjZiM2M3MzIxNA%3D%3D\">Eid Celebration and Fundraiser for Sudan\u003c/a> in Oakland\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 27:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.threads.com/@azmi_a.gill/post/DVC2joRgfWB/eid-mela-fremont\">Eid Mela\u003c/a> at Fremont Event Center in Fremont\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 28: \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/tenderloin-street-fair-eid-celebration-tickets-1983912677223?aff=ebdssbdestsearch\">Tenderloin Street Fair Eid Celebration\u003c/a>\u003c/strong> in San Francisco\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 28:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/reels/DV0Bc8JiVIs/\">Eid Festival at Islamic Society of East Bay\u003c/a> (Lowry Mosque) in Union City\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>March 28: \u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeGZik55yq3lDXCAkUyXIKdgMp1Bt3QEUNBq8Ke8ydmh7fRLQ/viewform\">Tawasaw Eid Al-Fitr Family Picnic\u003c/a> at Sunnyvale Baylands Park in Sunnyvale\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "golden-gate-park-secrets-even-locals-might-not-know",
"title": "Golden Gate Park Secrets Even Locals Might Not Know",
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"headTitle": "Golden Gate Park Secrets Even Locals Might Not Know | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I moved to San Francisco in the summer of 2013 with a giant patch the size of a maxi pad covering my left eye. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music starts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just a week before my move, I had eye surgery to repair a partially detached retina, a condition that could have left me blind. The first month or so after surgery was tough. Anytime my pulse got a little elevated, I would feel it pounding in my eye. And so my first month in San Francisco was profoundly dark and lonely. I spent most of it lying in bed, listening to audiobooks in a darkened room. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As healing progressed, though, I started to venture outside. First on short walks to the coffee shop, but soon on little runs through Golden Gate Park. I started off on the main thoroughfares. I’d pass by the Conservatory of Flowers, loop around Blue Heron Lake, stop to admire the bison. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As my body recovered, my runs grew longer. And it was the sense of discovery in the park that propelled me to add a mile or two here or there on my run each day. Follow an uncertain path into the woods only to find a new garden I’d never seen. My run stretched out first to six miles, then eight miles, 10 miles, and finally 13.1 miles when I kicked my way across the finish line of my very first half marathon which, fittingly, finished in Golden Gate Park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music ends\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The park revived me, gave me a space to rebuild myself after feeling pretty broken. And that’s why I’m excited to share today’s episode where we dig in on how it was created more than 150 years ago. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But first, let me introduce our special guest. Marta Lindsay has combed over every dell, every stone, every pathway to write a new book, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discovering Golden Gate Park, a Local’s Guide\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. And she’s here to share some hot tips about the park today. Welcome, Marta. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thank you so much for having me. This is a delight. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I’m so glad you could join us. What is it that captured your imagination about Golden Gate Park enough to spend all the time that I know it takes to write a book about it?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, end of the day, I just really love Golden Gate Park, but I got into it in part because of having a fussy baby. If she was having one of those days where she’s super fussy, like you just have to get outside, right? And for us outside basically was Golden Gate park in the inner sunset area. And I think as I started to spend so much more time in the park, I just saw there was so much more to it than first meets the eye.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC1625030704&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your book has so much information about the different spaces within the park, but today you’ve brought a few things to talk about that even the most devout park lovers might not know. Let’s start with some of those unique stones found in the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The monastery stones. Yes. Once you know about these, then you’re always looking for them and it’s really fun because they are scattered all around the park. Go back in medieval times everyone, and we’re in Spain…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Around the year 1,200 at a monastery overlooking the Tagus River.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And there is this incredibly beautiful series of buildings, kind of castle-like. And they were all made by hand by these monks who hand-carved all these limestones, thousands and thousands of stones.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The monastery built of these beautiful stones flourished for hundreds of years until the 1830s, but was shut down by royal decree.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And over the years, it was not used, and it was kind of falling apart. And enter William Randolph Hearst. He was, like, kind of the ultimate rich guy of the era. He owned the San Francisco Examiner. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And, of course, Hearst Castle, the sprawling estate down in San Simeon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He had someone who had scoped out this old monastery in Spain and was like, I think we should take the whole thing apart! Ship it to America and build another amazing castle, but in Northern California this time. 11 ships had to transport the stones of these multiple ancient buildings all the way to San Francisco. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Depression takes enough wind out of the sails of Hearst’s fortune that this is an impossible thing. And so he ends up selling the stones to the city of San Francisco in 1941. So these stones are just sitting in this warehouse in San Francisco and they’re all marked by the way, when they took them apart, it was like, we got to be able to reassemble them. So they were marked.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">essentially packed in wooden crates with instructions on the outside. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then there’s this idea to build a medieval art museum in Golden Gate Park using the stones. The stones are moved to Golden Gate Park, and then right away there’s a fire. And then there’s some more fires, which burned the markings off. This made it, at the time, impossible to reassemble. Then you’ve just got all these monastery stones sitting in Golden Gate park and what’s gonna happen to them. And eventually they just start using them for gardening. There’s a ton of them in the botanical gardens used in a variety of ways. And then also sometimes you’ll just find one here or there along a path. Some of them are really ornately carved and have like. You know, rounded edges and lots of, like, designs in them. If you go right into the main gate at the botanical garden, immediately to your left, they’ve built this whole wall and structure using them, and so you get to see kind of a variety of the design.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11915008 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/Conservatory-of-flowers.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And also how neat to be able to touch these stones and think about the journey they took to get there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Them every day and have no idea that they’re walking by this medieval treasure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music starts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lot of folks are probably familiar with the Beach Chalet, the restaurant at the very end of the park that borders on Ocean Beach. They have a lovely view of the Pacific, if you can get a spot in the dining room, which is tricky on the weekends, some solid food, but it can also get pretty crowded on a sunny day. I have heard that you have a tip about somewhere else to try just a short walk away.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s the golf clubhouse. I do not golf, but when I went there for researching the book, I was like, oh my gosh, this is a little hidden secret. They redid it a couple years ago and the patio is beautiful. And because of the way they redid the golf course, you can now see through the trees to the ocean, which I think is one of the very few places in the park that you’re actually like having ocean-ness in the background. And they have got this little clubhouse and they’re like serving up. Bill’s burger dog, trademark, which is one of three places you can get a Bill’s Burger Dog, which is basically a hamburger shaped like the size, like a hot dog bun size, but even better. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Did they put it in a hot dog bun?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>I\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t’s on a hot dog bun.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Then i\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t’s a burger?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>I\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t is a burger.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do you put burger toppings on it or hot dog toppings on?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeah, I think you could go either way.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the height of the COVID-19 shutdowns, the park really became, I think, a sanctuary for a lot of people, maybe including yourself. It was a way to get out of your house. It was way to interact with other people in a way that was, you know, a bit safer. Do something with your body. In this book, you mentioned that some people really started to make the park their own during that time. Can you tell us about some of those folks?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I would say quietly during the pandemic, some parts of the park really were transformed in these really magical ways and a lot of people don’t know about them. One of them is if you’re walking along JFK Promenade and you get almost to the whale sculpture that’s in the middle of JFK promenade, on your right side would be 14th Avenue Meadow, which is where they have the beer garden in the summer with the free live music. And then right past that is, you’ll see like a lot of succulents and stuff. And this woman, Marta, happens to share my name.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the pandemic. She’s like, ‘I was, you know, it was two weeks in, I was depressed, I had a house cleaning business and I couldn’t do that anymore.’ And she’s like I just started going to the park and then there was a rec and park gardener and I told them I was a hard worker and I needed something to do. And so she started tending that area and it’s totally transformed it. And again, like. You’ve got to get off the main path and then you’ll be on these little magical trails and it’s so pretty back there. And she has said, if you see her there, and she’s always wearing this large brimmed hat, like she has extra gloves, and you can go help her anytime.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The little paths that she’s created are especially cool because it looks like there’s just bushes lining the sidewalk there, but if you follow the woodchip paths that she has created back sort of beyond the bushes, there’s a whole little world back there that you can’t see from the main road. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_11915065 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/05/GettyImages-1322040719-scaled-e1653522839658.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One name that people have probably heard a lot related to Golden Gate Park is John McLaren. He was an early park superintendent who served for more than 50 years, and he did a lot to make the park the special place it is today. His fingerprints are really all over it. He comes up a lot in your book. Can you tell us what it is about him that captured your imagination.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So John McLaren oversaw the park starting in 1890. And William Hammond Hall created the canvas, but then John McLaren was the artist and he really ran with it. And at that time he took over half of the park still had nothing had happened to it yet. Half of the Park, the dunes had been reclaimed and things were starting to be planted, but that was still a whole half of park to deal with, and John McLaren oversaw it all. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His vision for the park was just right on, with wanting it to really feel like an escape into nature. And he had to fight a lot of fights during those years to try to hold to that. But he also was this master gardener with this just eye for design that was. Really special for the time too because the parks that existed at that time were mostly European parks but nature doesn’t run in a straight line was one of his quotes. His favorite thing was the dells. He loved to have flowers growing within a grove of trees somewhere so it’s like you stumble on to this little magical scene right and because he was on the job for so long he was really able to realize that. I just think of how much of what we think of as the look and feel of the park it’s John McLaren.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can find much more about John McLaren in Marta’s book, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discovering Golden Gate Park, A Local’s Guide\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Find it wherever books are sold. Marta Lindsay, thank you so much for talking with us today. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thank you so for having me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When we return, The Making of Golden Gate park. Stay with us. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponsor message\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next up, producer Katrina Schwartz and I are exploring the early history of how Golden Gate Park was built.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are a lot of stories about how this park came to be. One tale goes that only a magical combination of horse manure and spit was enough to tame the sandy soil and make it rich enough for plants to grow.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, I’m no gardener, but even to me, that sounds a little far-fetched. To find some definitive answers, we headed over to the northeast corner of the park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> So this little path says Oak Woodland Path. should we go up there? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeah, let’s check it out. Yeah.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The trees we walked through were here before anything else in the park. It’s one of the few areas that remains relatively unchanged.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is an old-growth forest. These would be descendants of the trees that were cut down for firewood during the gold rush. It predated the park, it predated European colonization here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We’re here with Nicole Meldahl, the executive director of the Western Neighborhoods Project, a community history nonprofit focused on the west side of San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s just behind the conservatory flowers, kind of hidden.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We decided to start here because it was this corner of the park where trees grew naturally that gave park creators the confidence they could make the rest of the Park green.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As beautiful as the Oak Grove is, we are still surrounded by the city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trucks that back up are the worst. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We kept going deeper and deeper into the park, hoping to find a quiet spot for our interview.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sorry, we’re off-roading a little. I thought it was a path, but then it became not a path.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nicole says what we now know as Golden Gate Park, a lush place with winding pathways, protected dells and lots of recreation, wasn’t even part of the city at first.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What did this place look like at the beginning of the gold rush?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An 1853 map of this area, called it the Great Sand Bank. So yeah, it was very empty, isolated. There were a few scattered beach cottages for some adventurous folks. There were homesteaders out here.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco’s population skyrocketed during the years after the gold rush, and city leaders had big ambitions. But first, they needed more space. In the Outside Lands Act of 1866, the western half of the city became part of San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco has always thought of itself as like a great, amazing city, right? And it is, we definitely know it is. But really it was the new kid in town. So at some point they decided they needed a park that was befitting of the amazing city that they hoped to build this into.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As luck would have it, the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, famous for designing Central Park in New York, was traveling in California. City leaders asked for his opinion about building the new park in the newly acquired Outside Lands.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And he was like, oh no, no, you can never build a park here. Trees won’t grow in these sand dunes, so I recommend the other side of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">City leaders did not like that recommendation, so instead of following Olmsted’s advice, they found someone else who promised he could transform the dunes into forest. A young surveyor from Stockton named William Hammond Hall.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So how did Hammond Hall turn the Great Sandy Bank into this park that we know and love?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, there’s a legend about that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some with less veritable facts…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legend goes Hammond Hall is out with his team surveying the land after the city designated it for the park in 1870.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They’ve got their horses with them\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and one of the horse’s feed buckets that hangs around their nose drops, and the barley that’s in their feed spills out into the sand. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And then, of course, you need a little fertilizer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know, manure from the same horse that the barley fell out of the feed bag from landed directly on top of this little patch. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When Hammond hog comes back through that area in a week or so, the quick growing barley from the horse’s bucket has already taken root and is growing. And William Hammond Hall goes…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is going to be the secret recipe for how we tame these dunes, because if you combine the quick growing barley with native lupine here, that will sort of stabilize the dunes long enough to allow for these trees that he wanted to put through the park as wind breaks to grow.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s all a little convenient, isn’t it? Nicole thinks elements of this story are true, but the mythical telling leaves out some context. First, historians have recently discovered that there was a farm on the eastern edge of the park that grew barley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, Hammond Hall probably already knew barley could grow here. And second, the process of reclaiming sand by starting with small, quick-growing grasses to build up topsoil before planting trees on top of them was already a well-established practice in Europe. As for the horse manure part of the legend, that is where we get to street sweepers. And no, I’m not talking about the kind that get you a parking ticket.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was common practice for the city to use horse manure they collected in the streets because this is still an era where people used horses on a daily basis so it was a sort of thrifty way to fertilize city parks and areas around town.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So that’s how acres and acres of sand dunes were transformed into forest. No spit, but there was definitely manure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We were just about to ask Nicole about the park’s many hills and dells, when who should come strolling by but the guy who literally wrote a book on Golden Gate Park’s history? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chris Pollock?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oh my god! Hi! We’re from Be Curious. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The park’s historian in the park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi! Lovely to meet you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What a coincidence!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s a happy meeting because in addition to the land reclamation technique Nicole has been describing, Hammond Hall did something else pretty ingenious when he was superintendent of the park. Chris Pollack calls it respecting the genius of the place.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And what the genius of the place means is utilizing what you’ve got to work with to the best ability you can.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basically respect that the landscape looks the way it does for a reason.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What that meant was a very efficient way of using the sand dunes as the existing topography, for the most part, to create this undulating, kind of interesting landscape, because to have it just flat would have been rather boring and counterintuitive to the idea of sustainable environment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They knew that the wind coming off the ocean was their worst enemy. If they leveled the park, the wind would continue to push sand eastward and kill new plantings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the area behind the sand dune, it wouldn’t be so windy there, and it might be more hospitable to plant something there as opposed to on the windy side of the sand dunes. So there was a lot of selection being done.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The hidden dells, small hills, and winding paths in the park are the result of using the genius of the place in the design.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So Hammond Hall started greening the eastern end of the park, slowly moving westward. But he simultaneously took on the far west end near the beach. Stopping the sand dunes from encroaching was critical to the success of the project. Here’s Nicole again.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like okay we’re gonna build a fence and we’re going to put the planks really close together and the dunes will come up and it will hit against that fence. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the sand piled up it made a windbreak \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And on the other side of the fence you know where the dunes aren’t we’re start planning all these things and it’ll start growing up and the Dunes will up to the top of the fence and then we’ll build the fence higher.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today, at the far western end of the park, you can still see Hammond Hall’s idea at work. Large trees and bushes protect the intersections of the Park from the sand that comes whipping across the Great Highway, and little sand dunes sometimes pile up at the park’s edges.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Within five years, San Franciscans were delighted by their new park. An 1875 article in the San Francisco Examiner said,\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newspaper clip: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calling to mind the inhospitable desolate aspect of the region a few years since, we cannot but regard with favor the result.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hammond Hall had the sand mostly under control, but something else had become unruly. The politics of the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In general, there was a lot of graft in the city at the time, and William Hammond Hall didn’t like it. So he tried to control what he could with his powers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Superintendent of the park. He fired a blacksmith for padding his contract. A blacksmith who, unfortunately for Hammond Hall, ended up becoming a state legislator. He sought his revenge by blocking funding for the park and accused Hammond hall of misusing park resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The allegations were completely false. However, William Hammond Hall had enough. In 1876, he resigns and the entire Park Commission resigns because they’re so disgusted by what they’re seeing as politics getting in the way of a beautiful city park that the city wanted.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The years that followed were bad ones for Golden Gate Park. Hammond Hall’s plans were neglected.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All of this sort of falls to the wayside because there’s no money and more people who come to power on the Commission aren’t there for the right reason.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many men with railroad interests were appointed to the Park Commission and lo and behold a railroad gets built to the park — and is barely taxed. And more buildings are popping up. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All these things start to materialize that aren’t the wilderness that was initially envisioned here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Though some of the park’s most beloved attractions did come from this time period.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You have the Conservatory of Flowers, which was a bunch of very wealthy men who purchased it from another wealthy man, James Lick, who had passed away and gifted it to the city that put it here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without a fierce defender of the initial vision for the park, tensions arose over what the park should be. A wild green space where people could connect with nature, or a cultural center to showcase the growing wealth and power of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1890, the Park Commission promoted a man named John McLaren from assistant superintendent up to superintendent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">John McLaren, I think he’s one of the most universally beloved city employees of all time. They built him a giant house. McLaren Lodge was built in 1896 specifically for him.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many people think John McLaren was the first superintendent of the park. He wasn’t, but he did continue to build it up in line with the vision Hammond Hall set forward.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He just did it without making so many enemies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This is the most famous story you’re ever gonna hear when it comes to John McLaren, is he hated statues in the park, hated them. So he would let them put it wherever it was. They’ve always made a big deal. And then John McLarin would very quietly plant things around the monuments that would grow up over time and totally obscure them so you couldn’t see them. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can still find statues nearly hidden by bushes around the music concourse today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">McLaren worked in the park for more than 50 years, overseeing its transformation into the urban gem it is today. Millions of people visit the park each year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">William Hammond Hall, on the other hand, often gets forgotten. But the two men had a lot in common.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They really stuck to their principles. They didn’t like graft. They didn’t like to see people throwing their weight around for other reasons than making this park better.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They were truly public servants who loved the park. Hammond Hall once wrote:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice over: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With drives and rides for the rich, and pleasant rambles for the poor, quiet retreats for those who would be to themselves, and thronged promenades for the gaily disposed, and open grounds for lovers of boisterous sports, and tracks adapted to the special wants of children. The modern urban park is, indeed, the municipality’s open-air assembly room, acceptable, alike to all, and pleasing to each of her citizens.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During our day in the park, it was inspiring to see how vibrant this place is. We saw school kids volunteering, cyclists whizzing by, couples out for a romantic stroll, and folks enjoying a quiet moment on a bench.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">clear the park is a place for everyone, just like Hammond Hall imagined it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Katrina Schwartz.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Olivia Allen Price: And I’m Olivia Allen Price. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Special thanks to Chris Pollock, whose book, San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park, 1,017 Acres of Stories, has all kinds of fun facts about the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And Nicole Meldahl, who you can hear on the Outside Lands San Francisco Podcast. They go deep on the history of the city western neighborhoods. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And thanks to Brendan Willard, Sebastian Mino-Buccelli, Kiana Mogadam, Sarah Rose Leonard, Lance Gardner.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rebekah Kao, Christopher Beale, Katie Springer, Maha Sanad, Jen Chien, and Ethan Tovan Lindsay. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have a few Bay Curious events coming up. First up is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/6151\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bay Curious Trivia\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on April 8th here at KQED’s headquarters in the Mission District. If you’ve been following the show for a while, you know to scoop up tickets quickly because they will sell out. Details at kqed.org slash live. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The other event we have coming up is a brand new one for us, and it’s in Golden Gate Park at the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/6232\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conservatory of Flowers on June 20th and 21st\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. We are creating a historically-themed, immersive experience that is going to bring the past of this beautiful building and all its incredible exhibits to life. Join us for an interactive game that will allow you to explore the history of the conservatory and the people who created it. Space is limited. There are timed tours that will be running throughout the evening on both nights. So go ahead and register. That’s also at kqed.org slash live. Hope to see you there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by the Screen Actors Guild American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco, Northern California Local. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thanks for listening.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I moved to San Francisco in the summer of 2013 with a giant patch the size of a maxi pad covering my left eye. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music starts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Just a week before my move, I had eye surgery to repair a partially detached retina, a condition that could have left me blind. The first month or so after surgery was tough. Anytime my pulse got a little elevated, I would feel it pounding in my eye. And so my first month in San Francisco was profoundly dark and lonely. I spent most of it lying in bed, listening to audiobooks in a darkened room. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As healing progressed, though, I started to venture outside. First on short walks to the coffee shop, but soon on little runs through Golden Gate Park. I started off on the main thoroughfares. I’d pass by the Conservatory of Flowers, loop around Blue Heron Lake, stop to admire the bison. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As my body recovered, my runs grew longer. And it was the sense of discovery in the park that propelled me to add a mile or two here or there on my run each day. Follow an uncertain path into the woods only to find a new garden I’d never seen. My run stretched out first to six miles, then eight miles, 10 miles, and finally 13.1 miles when I kicked my way across the finish line of my very first half marathon which, fittingly, finished in Golden Gate Park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music ends\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The park revived me, gave me a space to rebuild myself after feeling pretty broken. And that’s why I’m excited to share today’s episode where we dig in on how it was created more than 150 years ago. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">But first, let me introduce our special guest. Marta Lindsay has combed over every dell, every stone, every pathway to write a new book, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discovering Golden Gate Park, a Local’s Guide\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. And she’s here to share some hot tips about the park today. Welcome, Marta. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thank you so much for having me. This is a delight. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> I’m so glad you could join us. What is it that captured your imagination about Golden Gate Park enough to spend all the time that I know it takes to write a book about it?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, end of the day, I just really love Golden Gate Park, but I got into it in part because of having a fussy baby. If she was having one of those days where she’s super fussy, like you just have to get outside, right? And for us outside basically was Golden Gate park in the inner sunset area. And I think as I started to spend so much more time in the park, I just saw there was so much more to it than first meets the eye.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"200\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https://playlist.megaphone.fm?e=KQINC1625030704&light=true\" width=\"100%\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Your book has so much information about the different spaces within the park, but today you’ve brought a few things to talk about that even the most devout park lovers might not know. Let’s start with some of those unique stones found in the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The monastery stones. Yes. Once you know about these, then you’re always looking for them and it’s really fun because they are scattered all around the park. Go back in medieval times everyone, and we’re in Spain…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Around the year 1,200 at a monastery overlooking the Tagus River.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And there is this incredibly beautiful series of buildings, kind of castle-like. And they were all made by hand by these monks who hand-carved all these limestones, thousands and thousands of stones.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The monastery built of these beautiful stones flourished for hundreds of years until the 1830s, but was shut down by royal decree.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And over the years, it was not used, and it was kind of falling apart. And enter William Randolph Hearst. He was, like, kind of the ultimate rich guy of the era. He owned the San Francisco Examiner. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And, of course, Hearst Castle, the sprawling estate down in San Simeon. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He had someone who had scoped out this old monastery in Spain and was like, I think we should take the whole thing apart! Ship it to America and build another amazing castle, but in Northern California this time. 11 ships had to transport the stones of these multiple ancient buildings all the way to San Francisco. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Depression takes enough wind out of the sails of Hearst’s fortune that this is an impossible thing. And so he ends up selling the stones to the city of San Francisco in 1941. So these stones are just sitting in this warehouse in San Francisco and they’re all marked by the way, when they took them apart, it was like, we got to be able to reassemble them. So they were marked.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">essentially packed in wooden crates with instructions on the outside. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Then there’s this idea to build a medieval art museum in Golden Gate Park using the stones. The stones are moved to Golden Gate Park, and then right away there’s a fire. And then there’s some more fires, which burned the markings off. This made it, at the time, impossible to reassemble. Then you’ve just got all these monastery stones sitting in Golden Gate park and what’s gonna happen to them. And eventually they just start using them for gardening. There’s a ton of them in the botanical gardens used in a variety of ways. And then also sometimes you’ll just find one here or there along a path. Some of them are really ornately carved and have like. You know, rounded edges and lots of, like, designs in them. If you go right into the main gate at the botanical garden, immediately to your left, they’ve built this whole wall and structure using them, and so you get to see kind of a variety of the design.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And also how neat to be able to touch these stones and think about the journey they took to get there.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Them every day and have no idea that they’re walking by this medieval treasure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Music starts\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A lot of folks are probably familiar with the Beach Chalet, the restaurant at the very end of the park that borders on Ocean Beach. They have a lovely view of the Pacific, if you can get a spot in the dining room, which is tricky on the weekends, some solid food, but it can also get pretty crowded on a sunny day. I have heard that you have a tip about somewhere else to try just a short walk away.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s the golf clubhouse. I do not golf, but when I went there for researching the book, I was like, oh my gosh, this is a little hidden secret. They redid it a couple years ago and the patio is beautiful. And because of the way they redid the golf course, you can now see through the trees to the ocean, which I think is one of the very few places in the park that you’re actually like having ocean-ness in the background. And they have got this little clubhouse and they’re like serving up. Bill’s burger dog, trademark, which is one of three places you can get a Bill’s Burger Dog, which is basically a hamburger shaped like the size, like a hot dog bun size, but even better. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Did they put it in a hot dog bun?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>I\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t’s on a hot dog bun.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>Then i\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t’s a burger?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>I\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">t is a burger.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Do you put burger toppings on it or hot dog toppings on?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeah, I think you could go either way.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the height of the COVID-19 shutdowns, the park really became, I think, a sanctuary for a lot of people, maybe including yourself. It was a way to get out of your house. It was way to interact with other people in a way that was, you know, a bit safer. Do something with your body. In this book, you mentioned that some people really started to make the park their own during that time. Can you tell us about some of those folks?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I would say quietly during the pandemic, some parts of the park really were transformed in these really magical ways and a lot of people don’t know about them. One of them is if you’re walking along JFK Promenade and you get almost to the whale sculpture that’s in the middle of JFK promenade, on your right side would be 14th Avenue Meadow, which is where they have the beer garden in the summer with the free live music. And then right past that is, you’ll see like a lot of succulents and stuff. And this woman, Marta, happens to share my name.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During the pandemic. She’s like, ‘I was, you know, it was two weeks in, I was depressed, I had a house cleaning business and I couldn’t do that anymore.’ And she’s like I just started going to the park and then there was a rec and park gardener and I told them I was a hard worker and I needed something to do. And so she started tending that area and it’s totally transformed it. And again, like. You’ve got to get off the main path and then you’ll be on these little magical trails and it’s so pretty back there. And she has said, if you see her there, and she’s always wearing this large brimmed hat, like she has extra gloves, and you can go help her anytime.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The little paths that she’s created are especially cool because it looks like there’s just bushes lining the sidewalk there, but if you follow the woodchip paths that she has created back sort of beyond the bushes, there’s a whole little world back there that you can’t see from the main road. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One name that people have probably heard a lot related to Golden Gate Park is John McLaren. He was an early park superintendent who served for more than 50 years, and he did a lot to make the park the special place it is today. His fingerprints are really all over it. He comes up a lot in your book. Can you tell us what it is about him that captured your imagination.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So John McLaren oversaw the park starting in 1890. And William Hammond Hall created the canvas, but then John McLaren was the artist and he really ran with it. And at that time he took over half of the park still had nothing had happened to it yet. Half of the Park, the dunes had been reclaimed and things were starting to be planted, but that was still a whole half of park to deal with, and John McLaren oversaw it all. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">His vision for the park was just right on, with wanting it to really feel like an escape into nature. And he had to fight a lot of fights during those years to try to hold to that. But he also was this master gardener with this just eye for design that was. Really special for the time too because the parks that existed at that time were mostly European parks but nature doesn’t run in a straight line was one of his quotes. His favorite thing was the dells. He loved to have flowers growing within a grove of trees somewhere so it’s like you stumble on to this little magical scene right and because he was on the job for so long he was really able to realize that. I just think of how much of what we think of as the look and feel of the park it’s John McLaren.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can find much more about John McLaren in Marta’s book, \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Discovering Golden Gate Park, A Local’s Guide\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. Find it wherever books are sold. Marta Lindsay, thank you so much for talking with us today. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Marta Lindsey:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thank you so for having me. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When we return, The Making of Golden Gate park. Stay with us. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sponsor message\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Next up, producer Katrina Schwartz and I are exploring the early history of how Golden Gate Park was built.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">There are a lot of stories about how this park came to be. One tale goes that only a magical combination of horse manure and spit was enough to tame the sandy soil and make it rich enough for plants to grow.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Now, I’m no gardener, but even to me, that sounds a little far-fetched. To find some definitive answers, we headed over to the northeast corner of the park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> So this little path says Oak Woodland Path. should we go up there? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Yeah, let’s check it out. Yeah.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The trees we walked through were here before anything else in the park. It’s one of the few areas that remains relatively unchanged.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is an old-growth forest. These would be descendants of the trees that were cut down for firewood during the gold rush. It predated the park, it predated European colonization here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We’re here with Nicole Meldahl, the executive director of the Western Neighborhoods Project, a community history nonprofit focused on the west side of San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s just behind the conservatory flowers, kind of hidden.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We decided to start here because it was this corner of the park where trees grew naturally that gave park creators the confidence they could make the rest of the Park green.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As beautiful as the Oak Grove is, we are still surrounded by the city. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Trucks that back up are the worst. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We kept going deeper and deeper into the park, hoping to find a quiet spot for our interview.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz in scene: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Sorry, we’re off-roading a little. I thought it was a path, but then it became not a path.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nicole says what we now know as Golden Gate Park, a lush place with winding pathways, protected dells and lots of recreation, wasn’t even part of the city at first.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What did this place look like at the beginning of the gold rush?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An 1853 map of this area, called it the Great Sand Bank. So yeah, it was very empty, isolated. There were a few scattered beach cottages for some adventurous folks. There were homesteaders out here.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco’s population skyrocketed during the years after the gold rush, and city leaders had big ambitions. But first, they needed more space. In the Outside Lands Act of 1866, the western half of the city became part of San Francisco.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">San Francisco has always thought of itself as like a great, amazing city, right? And it is, we definitely know it is. But really it was the new kid in town. So at some point they decided they needed a park that was befitting of the amazing city that they hoped to build this into.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As luck would have it, the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted, famous for designing Central Park in New York, was traveling in California. City leaders asked for his opinion about building the new park in the newly acquired Outside Lands.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And he was like, oh no, no, you can never build a park here. Trees won’t grow in these sand dunes, so I recommend the other side of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">City leaders did not like that recommendation, so instead of following Olmsted’s advice, they found someone else who promised he could transform the dunes into forest. A young surveyor from Stockton named William Hammond Hall.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So how did Hammond Hall turn the Great Sandy Bank into this park that we know and love?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Well, there’s a legend about that.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some with less veritable facts…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legend goes Hammond Hall is out with his team surveying the land after the city designated it for the park in 1870.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They’ve got their horses with them\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">and one of the horse’s feed buckets that hangs around their nose drops, and the barley that’s in their feed spills out into the sand. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And then, of course, you need a little fertilizer. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You know, manure from the same horse that the barley fell out of the feed bag from landed directly on top of this little patch. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When Hammond hog comes back through that area in a week or so, the quick growing barley from the horse’s bucket has already taken root and is growing. And William Hammond Hall goes…\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is going to be the secret recipe for how we tame these dunes, because if you combine the quick growing barley with native lupine here, that will sort of stabilize the dunes long enough to allow for these trees that he wanted to put through the park as wind breaks to grow.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s all a little convenient, isn’t it? Nicole thinks elements of this story are true, but the mythical telling leaves out some context. First, historians have recently discovered that there was a farm on the eastern edge of the park that grew barley.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So, Hammond Hall probably already knew barley could grow here. And second, the process of reclaiming sand by starting with small, quick-growing grasses to build up topsoil before planting trees on top of them was already a well-established practice in Europe. As for the horse manure part of the legend, that is where we get to street sweepers. And no, I’m not talking about the kind that get you a parking ticket.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was common practice for the city to use horse manure they collected in the streets because this is still an era where people used horses on a daily basis so it was a sort of thrifty way to fertilize city parks and areas around town.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So that’s how acres and acres of sand dunes were transformed into forest. No spit, but there was definitely manure.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We were just about to ask Nicole about the park’s many hills and dells, when who should come strolling by but the guy who literally wrote a book on Golden Gate Park’s history? \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Chris Pollock?\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Oh my god! Hi! We’re from Be Curious. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The park’s historian in the park. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hi! Lovely to meet you.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What a coincidence!\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s a happy meeting because in addition to the land reclamation technique Nicole has been describing, Hammond Hall did something else pretty ingenious when he was superintendent of the park. Chris Pollack calls it respecting the genius of the place.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And what the genius of the place means is utilizing what you’ve got to work with to the best ability you can.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Basically respect that the landscape looks the way it does for a reason.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">What that meant was a very efficient way of using the sand dunes as the existing topography, for the most part, to create this undulating, kind of interesting landscape, because to have it just flat would have been rather boring and counterintuitive to the idea of sustainable environment.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They knew that the wind coming off the ocean was their worst enemy. If they leveled the park, the wind would continue to push sand eastward and kill new plantings.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Christopher Pollock: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the area behind the sand dune, it wouldn’t be so windy there, and it might be more hospitable to plant something there as opposed to on the windy side of the sand dunes. So there was a lot of selection being done.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The hidden dells, small hills, and winding paths in the park are the result of using the genius of the place in the design.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">So Hammond Hall started greening the eastern end of the park, slowly moving westward. But he simultaneously took on the far west end near the beach. Stopping the sand dunes from encroaching was critical to the success of the project. Here’s Nicole again.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Like okay we’re gonna build a fence and we’re going to put the planks really close together and the dunes will come up and it will hit against that fence. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">As the sand piled up it made a windbreak \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And on the other side of the fence you know where the dunes aren’t we’re start planning all these things and it’ll start growing up and the Dunes will up to the top of the fence and then we’ll build the fence higher.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Today, at the far western end of the park, you can still see Hammond Hall’s idea at work. Large trees and bushes protect the intersections of the Park from the sand that comes whipping across the Great Highway, and little sand dunes sometimes pile up at the park’s edges.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Within five years, San Franciscans were delighted by their new park. An 1875 article in the San Francisco Examiner said,\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Newspaper clip: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Calling to mind the inhospitable desolate aspect of the region a few years since, we cannot but regard with favor the result.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Hammond Hall had the sand mostly under control, but something else had become unruly. The politics of the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In general, there was a lot of graft in the city at the time, and William Hammond Hall didn’t like it. So he tried to control what he could with his powers.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Superintendent of the park. He fired a blacksmith for padding his contract. A blacksmith who, unfortunately for Hammond Hall, ended up becoming a state legislator. He sought his revenge by blocking funding for the park and accused Hammond hall of misusing park resources.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The allegations were completely false. However, William Hammond Hall had enough. In 1876, he resigns and the entire Park Commission resigns because they’re so disgusted by what they’re seeing as politics getting in the way of a beautiful city park that the city wanted.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The years that followed were bad ones for Golden Gate Park. Hammond Hall’s plans were neglected.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All of this sort of falls to the wayside because there’s no money and more people who come to power on the Commission aren’t there for the right reason.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many men with railroad interests were appointed to the Park Commission and lo and behold a railroad gets built to the park — and is barely taxed. And more buildings are popping up. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">All these things start to materialize that aren’t the wilderness that was initially envisioned here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Though some of the park’s most beloved attractions did come from this time period.\u003c/span>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You have the Conservatory of Flowers, which was a bunch of very wealthy men who purchased it from another wealthy man, James Lick, who had passed away and gifted it to the city that put it here.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Without a fierce defender of the initial vision for the park, tensions arose over what the park should be. A wild green space where people could connect with nature, or a cultural center to showcase the growing wealth and power of the city.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In 1890, the Park Commission promoted a man named John McLaren from assistant superintendent up to superintendent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">John McLaren, I think he’s one of the most universally beloved city employees of all time. They built him a giant house. McLaren Lodge was built in 1896 specifically for him.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many people think John McLaren was the first superintendent of the park. He wasn’t, but he did continue to build it up in line with the vision Hammond Hall set forward.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">He just did it without making so many enemies.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl:\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> This is the most famous story you’re ever gonna hear when it comes to John McLaren, is he hated statues in the park, hated them. So he would let them put it wherever it was. They’ve always made a big deal. And then John McLarin would very quietly plant things around the monuments that would grow up over time and totally obscure them so you couldn’t see them. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">You can still find statues nearly hidden by bushes around the music concourse today.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">McLaren worked in the park for more than 50 years, overseeing its transformation into the urban gem it is today. Millions of people visit the park each year.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">William Hammond Hall, on the other hand, often gets forgotten. But the two men had a lot in common.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Nicole Meldahl: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They really stuck to their principles. They didn’t like graft. They didn’t like to see people throwing their weight around for other reasons than making this park better.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">They were truly public servants who loved the park. Hammond Hall once wrote:\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Voice over: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">With drives and rides for the rich, and pleasant rambles for the poor, quiet retreats for those who would be to themselves, and thronged promenades for the gaily disposed, and open grounds for lovers of boisterous sports, and tracks adapted to the special wants of children. The modern urban park is, indeed, the municipality’s open-air assembly room, acceptable, alike to all, and pleasing to each of her citizens.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">During our day in the park, it was inspiring to see how vibrant this place is. We saw school kids volunteering, cyclists whizzing by, couples out for a romantic stroll, and folks enjoying a quiet moment on a bench.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It was\u003c/span> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">clear the park is a place for everyone, just like Hammond Hall imagined it.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">I’m Katrina Schwartz.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Olivia Allen Price: And I’m Olivia Allen Price. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Special thanks to Chris Pollock, whose book, San Francisco’s Golden Gate Park, 1,017 Acres of Stories, has all kinds of fun facts about the park.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u003c/span>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And Nicole Meldahl, who you can hear on the Outside Lands San Francisco Podcast. They go deep on the history of the city western neighborhoods. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Katrina Schwartz: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">And thanks to Brendan Willard, Sebastian Mino-Buccelli, Kiana Mogadam, Sarah Rose Leonard, Lance Gardner.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Rebekah Kao, Christopher Beale, Katie Springer, Maha Sanad, Jen Chien, and Ethan Tovan Lindsay. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">We have a few Bay Curious events coming up. First up is \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/6151\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Bay Curious Trivia\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> on April 8th here at KQED’s headquarters in the Mission District. If you’ve been following the show for a while, you know to scoop up tickets quickly because they will sell out. Details at kqed.org slash live. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The other event we have coming up is a brand new one for us, and it’s in Golden Gate Park at the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/event/6232\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conservatory of Flowers on June 20th and 21st\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">. We are creating a historically-themed, immersive experience that is going to bring the past of this beautiful building and all its incredible exhibits to life. Join us for an interactive game that will allow you to explore the history of the conservatory and the people who created it. Space is limited. There are timed tours that will be running throughout the evening on both nights. So go ahead and register. That’s also at kqed.org slash live. Hope to see you there. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Some members of the KQED podcast team are represented by the Screen Actors Guild American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, San Francisco, Northern California Local. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thanks for listening.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Possible"
},
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
"id": "radiolab",
"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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