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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Highways are a huge part of our everyday lives in the United States, but could the traffic pollution they cause be shortening our lives? Myles Bess explores the health impacts of freeways and looks at removing them as a potential solution to the harms caused by environmental racism.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>TEACHERS\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Bring \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Above the Noise\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> into your middle or high school classroom with \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jSO-REh6V7IIvTU_JjSFAsPiwqTCmIhKKaWiqybIsP4/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">free lesson plans\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lvVKIrr7hkm6smqwR8AdecbECF0_5AmNtFE-bWRfF9Y/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewing guide\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tYFWSvow44eXLjKNXWVwq9BcKrX2wn0jKMu0JJbJhSs/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glossary of terms\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jqcYx6u2XkqQPaZ1gUFzqQ8pwx_2h-tqp05w2J7SO4M/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcripts\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the history of the highway system in the U.S.? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short answer: former U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He had seen examples in his early career of highways in America, but it wasn’t until WWII when he was Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe that his dream of an interstate highway system really started to take shape. While stationed in Germany he saw how the allies used Germany’s ~Reichsautobahn~ (their high-speed roadway system) to move goods, supplies, and people super efficiently, helping them nearly win the war. His thinking was that Americans need highways to get around, be evacuated in case of an emergency like war, or move supplies in case of a war. So after becoming President, he passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956. By the ’90s there were 45,000 miles of road built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How did highways segregate and displace communities of color?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States was still racially segregated at the time of highway expansion. Communities of color were not prioritized when some of these choices of where to place highways were made. Black and white communities were largely divided, and many of the highways were literally built around Black neighborhoods, isolating those communities away from the rest of white America. This also led to displacement as some highways were built right through neighborhoods, tearing down housing and businesses displacing and destroying Black communities as they weren’t protected and considered as politically valuable as wealthier white communities were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is environmental racism? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that we know how, why, and where the highways were placed, what impact are they having on us today? Environmental racism is racial discrimination in environmental policy decisions. Looking at Oakland and Los Angeles as examples, we see that folks who live closer to highways have higher exposure to the pollution which can cause an array of health problems such as asthma, other respiratory issues, lower life expectancy, and potential developmental delays for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are potential solutions to highway pollution and displacement? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many cities across the U.S. have removed portions of freeways or have announced studies to look into removing them. One argument that’s always brought up is that removing highways could increase traffic, or commuting would be worse somehow. However, most projects are only talking about removing a portion of a highway– not the entire thing– and typically the highways being proposed for removal aren’t used as heavily as other portions of the highway or are in poor condition. There’s also the question of reparations: how do we compensate the communities most impacted who are still dealing with the effects of highway expansion today? In 2022, President Biden proposed 1.9 billion dollars in grants to fund “Neighborhood Access and Equity” as part of the Inflation Reduction Act to help rebuild communities impacted by highways and infrastructure. While it remains to be seen how this funding will be distributed and implemented, it is considered an important step towards progress by many affected communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOURCES:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Can Removing Highways Fix America’s Cities? (The New York Times)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/27/climate/us-cities-highway-removal.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/27/climate/us-cities-highway-removal.html\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/27/climate/us-cities-highway-removal.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This New York Times article\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> compares before and after aerial shots of various American cities during the highway boom and explores the successes and challenges of removing highways in the city of Rochester, NY.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A Brief History Of How Racism Shaped Interstate Highways (NPR)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/07/984784455/a-brief-history-of-how-racism-shaped-interstate-highways\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.npr.org/2021/04/07/984784455/a-brief-history-of-how-racism-shaped-interstate-highways\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/07/984784455/a-brief-history-of-how-racism-shaped-interstate-highways\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This NPR Morning Edition interview\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> dives into the history of the interstate highway system with NYU Law Professor Deborah Archer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The racist history of America’s interstate highway boom (LA Times)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing/story/2021-11-11/the-racist-history-of-americas-interstate-highway-boom\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing/story/2021-11-11/the-racist-history-of-americas-interstate-highway-boom\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing/story/2021-11-11/the-racist-history-of-americas-interstate-highway-boom\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This LA Times article\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> explores how the planning of the highway system was influenced by racist decision-making and discriminatory housing practices.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Assessing the Distribution of Air Pollution Health Risks within Cities: A Neighborhood-Scale Analysis Leveraging High-Resolution Data Sets in the Bay Area, California (Environmental Health Perspectives)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011332/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011332/\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011332/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This scientific research paper \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">assesses the health risks of those living in high traffic-related air-polluted areas in the Bay Area.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How Interstate Highways Gutted Communities—and Reinforced Segregation (History.com)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/news/interstate-highway-system-infrastructure-construction-segregation\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.history.com/news/interstate-highway-system-infrastructure-construction-segregation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/news/interstate-highway-system-infrastructure-construction-segregation\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> explores how the interstate highway system displaced thousands of poor, Black communities in various cities all over the United States.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Highways are a huge part of our everyday lives in the United States, but could the traffic pollution they cause be shortening our lives? Myles Bess explores the health impacts of freeways and looks at removing them as a potential solution to the harms caused by environmental racism.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>TEACHERS\u003c/b>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">: Bring \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Above the Noise\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> into your middle or high school classroom with \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jSO-REh6V7IIvTU_JjSFAsPiwqTCmIhKKaWiqybIsP4/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">free lesson plans\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1lvVKIrr7hkm6smqwR8AdecbECF0_5AmNtFE-bWRfF9Y/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewing guide\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1tYFWSvow44eXLjKNXWVwq9BcKrX2wn0jKMu0JJbJhSs/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glossary of terms\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jqcYx6u2XkqQPaZ1gUFzqQ8pwx_2h-tqp05w2J7SO4M/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcripts\u003c/a>.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is the history of the highway system in the U.S.? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Short answer: former U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower. He had seen examples in his early career of highways in America, but it wasn’t until WWII when he was Supreme Commander of the Allied Expeditionary Force in Europe that his dream of an interstate highway system really started to take shape. While stationed in Germany he saw how the allies used Germany’s ~Reichsautobahn~ (their high-speed roadway system) to move goods, supplies, and people super efficiently, helping them nearly win the war. His thinking was that Americans need highways to get around, be evacuated in case of an emergency like war, or move supplies in case of a war. So after becoming President, he passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956. By the ’90s there were 45,000 miles of road built.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How did highways segregate and displace communities of color?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The United States was still racially segregated at the time of highway expansion. Communities of color were not prioritized when some of these choices of where to place highways were made. Black and white communities were largely divided, and many of the highways were literally built around Black neighborhoods, isolating those communities away from the rest of white America. This also led to displacement as some highways were built right through neighborhoods, tearing down housing and businesses displacing and destroying Black communities as they weren’t protected and considered as politically valuable as wealthier white communities were.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is environmental racism? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that we know how, why, and where the highways were placed, what impact are they having on us today? Environmental racism is racial discrimination in environmental policy decisions. Looking at Oakland and Los Angeles as examples, we see that folks who live closer to highways have higher exposure to the pollution which can cause an array of health problems such as asthma, other respiratory issues, lower life expectancy, and potential developmental delays for children.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are potential solutions to highway pollution and displacement? \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many cities across the U.S. have removed portions of freeways or have announced studies to look into removing them. One argument that’s always brought up is that removing highways could increase traffic, or commuting would be worse somehow. However, most projects are only talking about removing a portion of a highway– not the entire thing– and typically the highways being proposed for removal aren’t used as heavily as other portions of the highway or are in poor condition. There’s also the question of reparations: how do we compensate the communities most impacted who are still dealing with the effects of highway expansion today? In 2022, President Biden proposed 1.9 billion dollars in grants to fund “Neighborhood Access and Equity” as part of the Inflation Reduction Act to help rebuild communities impacted by highways and infrastructure. While it remains to be seen how this funding will be distributed and implemented, it is considered an important step towards progress by many affected communities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SOURCES:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Can Removing Highways Fix America’s Cities? (The New York Times)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/27/climate/us-cities-highway-removal.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/27/climate/us-cities-highway-removal.html\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/05/27/climate/us-cities-highway-removal.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This New York Times article\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> compares before and after aerial shots of various American cities during the highway boom and explores the successes and challenges of removing highways in the city of Rochester, NY.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>A Brief History Of How Racism Shaped Interstate Highways (NPR)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/07/984784455/a-brief-history-of-how-racism-shaped-interstate-highways\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.npr.org/2021/04/07/984784455/a-brief-history-of-how-racism-shaped-interstate-highways\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2021/04/07/984784455/a-brief-history-of-how-racism-shaped-interstate-highways\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This NPR Morning Edition interview\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> dives into the history of the interstate highway system with NYU Law Professor Deborah Archer.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>The racist history of America’s interstate highway boom (LA Times)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing/story/2021-11-11/the-racist-history-of-americas-interstate-highway-boom\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing/story/2021-11-11/the-racist-history-of-americas-interstate-highway-boom\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/homeless-housing/story/2021-11-11/the-racist-history-of-americas-interstate-highway-boom\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This LA Times article\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> explores how the planning of the highway system was influenced by racist decision-making and discriminatory housing practices.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Assessing the Distribution of Air Pollution Health Risks within Cities: A Neighborhood-Scale Analysis Leveraging High-Resolution Data Sets in the Bay Area, California (Environmental Health Perspectives)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011332/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011332/\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8011332/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This scientific research paper \u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">assesses the health risks of those living in high traffic-related air-polluted areas in the Bay Area.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How Interstate Highways Gutted Communities—and Reinforced Segregation (History.com)\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/news/interstate-highway-system-infrastructure-construction-segregation\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">https://www.history.com/news/interstate-highway-system-infrastructure-construction-segregation\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.history.com/news/interstate-highway-system-infrastructure-construction-segregation\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This article\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> explores how the interstate highway system displaced thousands of poor, Black communities in various cities all over the United States.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the wake of protests against police violence and the killings of Black and Brown people over the decades, the term “anti-racism” is popping up all over the place. What is anti-racism, and what does it mean to be anti-racist?\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>TEACHERS: Bring \u003ci>Above the Noise\u003c/i> into your middle or high school classroom with \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yP1T-P38Tymsv3wXhgtNKAip8DMYDoIIKtLBRs4PIvw/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">free lesson plans\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-ho19LI3NhyZyzLjH1YPC6e2QKdSDAAUHdsafKq6nIg/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewing guide\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1R-8DzP_h__wBMO1IqA9SL5KiMEEXj80htMbYrdXHrf0/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glossary of terms\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a35nmGWNgwjp8_FbxcgfkWeQR05aqwToQr1HNT0bh90/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcripts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is structural or systemic racism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a society is designed in a way that unfairly reinforces and perpetuates discrimination against certain races, while benefitting others. These structures can include legal, housing, medical, educational, economic, and political systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s an example of systemic racism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2012 and 2016, Black males convicted of a crime received sentences — on average — 19 percent longer than white males convicted of essentially the same crime. Perhaps black offenders don’t make as much money as white offenders and so they can’t afford good lawyers. Maybe black people get judges that hand down stricter sentences. Maybe it’s both. But that’s the point. Society has been structured in a way that hurts black people harder. And it largely stems from one of the darkest stains on American history — slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What does it take to be anti-racist?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to address systemic racism, simply being “not racist” isn’t enough. To quote Ibram X. Kendi, a historian and leading scholar of race and discriminatory policy in America, “The opposite of ‘racist’ isn’t ‘not racist.’ It is anti-racist.” And that requires work. Anti-racism is an ACTIVE state of mind. It’s the ACTIVE process of identifying and opposing racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/2020/6/3/21278245/antiracist-racism-race-books-resources-antiracism\">What it means to be anti-racist (Vox)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/04/health/how-to-be-an-anti-racist-wellness/index.html\">How to be Anti-racist(CNN)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/magazine/2019/10/14/anti-racist-revelations-ibram-x-kendi/?arc404=true\">The Anti-Racist Revelations of Ibram X. Kendi (The Washington Post Magazine) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/research-and-publications/research-publications/2017/20171114_Demographics.pdf\">Demographic Differences in Sentencing (United States Sentencing Commission) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race/topics/being-antiracist\">Being Antiracist (National Museum of African American History & Culture) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/antiracism-our-flawed-new-religion\">Antiracism, Our Flawed New Religion (The Daily Beast) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/11/andrew-sullivan-the-intersectional-lefts-political-endgame.html\">A Glimpse at the Intersectional Left’s Political Endgame (New York Magazine) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the wake of protests against police violence and the killings of Black and Brown people over the decades, the term “anti-racism” is popping up all over the place. What is anti-racism, and what does it mean to be anti-racist?\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>TEACHERS: Bring \u003ci>Above the Noise\u003c/i> into your middle or high school classroom with \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1yP1T-P38Tymsv3wXhgtNKAip8DMYDoIIKtLBRs4PIvw/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">free lesson plans\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1-ho19LI3NhyZyzLjH1YPC6e2QKdSDAAUHdsafKq6nIg/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewing guide\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1R-8DzP_h__wBMO1IqA9SL5KiMEEXj80htMbYrdXHrf0/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glossary of terms\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1a35nmGWNgwjp8_FbxcgfkWeQR05aqwToQr1HNT0bh90/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcripts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is structural or systemic racism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When a society is designed in a way that unfairly reinforces and perpetuates discrimination against certain races, while benefitting others. These structures can include legal, housing, medical, educational, economic, and political systems.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What’s an example of systemic racism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between 2012 and 2016, Black males convicted of a crime received sentences — on average — 19 percent longer than white males convicted of essentially the same crime. Perhaps black offenders don’t make as much money as white offenders and so they can’t afford good lawyers. Maybe black people get judges that hand down stricter sentences. Maybe it’s both. But that’s the point. Society has been structured in a way that hurts black people harder. And it largely stems from one of the darkest stains on American history — slavery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What does it take to be anti-racist?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In order to address systemic racism, simply being “not racist” isn’t enough. To quote Ibram X. Kendi, a historian and leading scholar of race and discriminatory policy in America, “The opposite of ‘racist’ isn’t ‘not racist.’ It is anti-racist.” And that requires work. Anti-racism is an ACTIVE state of mind. It’s the ACTIVE process of identifying and opposing racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SOURCES\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.vox.com/2020/6/3/21278245/antiracist-racism-race-books-resources-antiracism\">What it means to be anti-racist (Vox)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2020/06/04/health/how-to-be-an-anti-racist-wellness/index.html\">How to be Anti-racist(CNN)\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/magazine/2019/10/14/anti-racist-revelations-ibram-x-kendi/?arc404=true\">The Anti-Racist Revelations of Ibram X. Kendi (The Washington Post Magazine) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.ussc.gov/sites/default/files/pdf/research-and-publications/research-publications/2017/20171114_Demographics.pdf\">Demographic Differences in Sentencing (United States Sentencing Commission) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nmaahc.si.edu/learn/talking-about-race/topics/being-antiracist\">Being Antiracist (National Museum of African American History & Culture) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.thedailybeast.com/antiracism-our-flawed-new-religion\">Antiracism, Our Flawed New Religion (The Daily Beast) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nymag.com/intelligencer/2019/11/andrew-sullivan-the-intersectional-lefts-political-endgame.html\">A Glimpse at the Intersectional Left’s Political Endgame (New York Magazine) \u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Is Affirmative Action Fair?",
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"content": "\u003cp>Affirmative action is back in the news, and so is the debate over whether universities should consider an applicant’s race when deciding who gets in. Harvard is being sued for that very reason–the plaintiffs essentially argue that Harvard’s affirmative action policies discriminate against Asian Americans in an effort to limit their numbers in order to ensure a racial diverse campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>FOR EDUCATORS\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBring \u003ci>Above the Noise\u003c/i> into your middle or high school classroom with \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xNAqXunxRDdn8jSdau3WegwuN0ddw7ynBOgpbwwtPeY/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">free lesson plans\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eShkxQA-9cISrVR2uO0BPFBy7K9RLc0q4cCoM7ZgmQk/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewing guide\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/102QNwtiF1wZaZPgqUQfbHNo9-mJeWakiUfUW-5u_UTY/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glossary of terms\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zbGv07Ch8uST8eHLwMJ8aDHkoF2d0o_YE0eOBtugHyM/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcripts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is affirmative action?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to colleges and universities, “affirmative action” refers to policies where race and sex are considered in the application process. They’re not the only things colleges look at; they’re still looking at your grades, SAT scores, extracurricular activities, but they also take into account your race and gender in an effort to help ensure women and minorities are getting equal access to higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the main arguments for affirmative action?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people in favor of affirmative action say that because of historical and institutional sexism and racism, it is necessary to make sure that women and minorities with good academic standing receive equal access to college. Another argument in favor of affirmative action is that racially diverse campuses and universities benefit all students. They are places where you learn to interact with and respect people who are different from you, skills that are essential to living and working in a diverse world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the main arguments against affirmative action?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people that oppose affirmative action believe it’s not fair. They argue that these policies hurt whites and Asian-Americans if “less qualified” minority students are admitted over them. Some argue these policies end up hurting race relations if people assume the only reason a student is at a school is because of their race, even if they would have gotten in without affirmative action. Many opponents believe that college admissions should be based on merit alone, and not on things that you can’t change– like race. Others argue that a more fair way to help those that are at a disadvantage would be to consider parental income or class, instead of race– that way admissions policies don’t hurt poor whites and Asian-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SOURCES/ ADDITIONAL READINGS:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/education/affirmative-action-overview.aspx\">National Conference of State Legislature: Affirmative Action Overview\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://aclu.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=000697\">ProCon.org: Does the US Need Affirmative Action?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/files/images/asset_upload_file670_37287.pdf\">ACLU: Who Supports Affirmative Action?\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/06/24/us/affirmative-action-bans.html\">New York Times: How Minorities Have Faired In States With Affirmative Action Bans\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nwlc.org/issue/affirmative-action-in-education/\">National Women’s Law Center: Affirmative Action and What it Means for Women\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w20962\">National Bureau of Economic Research\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/04/22/public-strongly-backs-affirmative-action-programs-on-campus/\">Pew Research Group: Public Strongly Backs Affirmative Action Programs on Campus\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/193508/oppose-colleges-considering-race-admissions.aspx\">Gallop Poll: Oppose Colleges Considering Race Admissions\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/24/us/affirmative-action.html?emc=edit_ta_20170824&nl=top-stories&nlid=39699735\">New York Times: Even With Affirmative Action, Blacks and Hispanics are More Underrepresented at Top Colleges Than 35 Years Ago\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/what-you-need-to-know-about-race-and-college-admissions\">Teen Vogue: What you need to know about race and college admissions\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/social-mobility-memos/2015/02/03/black-students-at-top-colleges-exceptions-not-the-rule/\">Brookings Institute: Black Students at Top Colleges Exceptions not the Rule\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Affirmative action is back in the news, and so is the debate over whether universities should consider an applicant’s race when deciding who gets in. Harvard is being sued for that very reason–the plaintiffs essentially argue that Harvard’s affirmative action policies discriminate against Asian Americans in an effort to limit their numbers in order to ensure a racial diverse campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>FOR EDUCATORS\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBring \u003ci>Above the Noise\u003c/i> into your middle or high school classroom with \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1xNAqXunxRDdn8jSdau3WegwuN0ddw7ynBOgpbwwtPeY/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">free lesson plans\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1eShkxQA-9cISrVR2uO0BPFBy7K9RLc0q4cCoM7ZgmQk/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">viewing guide\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/102QNwtiF1wZaZPgqUQfbHNo9-mJeWakiUfUW-5u_UTY/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">glossary of terms\u003c/a>, and \u003ca href=\"https://docs.google.com/document/d/1zbGv07Ch8uST8eHLwMJ8aDHkoF2d0o_YE0eOBtugHyM/edit?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">transcripts\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What is affirmative action?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When it comes to colleges and universities, “affirmative action” refers to policies where race and sex are considered in the application process. They’re not the only things colleges look at; they’re still looking at your grades, SAT scores, extracurricular activities, but they also take into account your race and gender in an effort to help ensure women and minorities are getting equal access to higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the main arguments for affirmative action?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people in favor of affirmative action say that because of historical and institutional sexism and racism, it is necessary to make sure that women and minorities with good academic standing receive equal access to college. Another argument in favor of affirmative action is that racially diverse campuses and universities benefit all students. They are places where you learn to interact with and respect people who are different from you, skills that are essential to living and working in a diverse world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What are the main arguments against affirmative action?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people that oppose affirmative action believe it’s not fair. They argue that these policies hurt whites and Asian-Americans if “less qualified” minority students are admitted over them. Some argue these policies end up hurting race relations if people assume the only reason a student is at a school is because of their race, even if they would have gotten in without affirmative action. Many opponents believe that college admissions should be based on merit alone, and not on things that you can’t change– like race. Others argue that a more fair way to help those that are at a disadvantage would be to consider parental income or class, instead of race– that way admissions policies don’t hurt poor whites and Asian-Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SOURCES/ ADDITIONAL READINGS:\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/education/affirmative-action-overview.aspx\">National Conference of State Legislature: Affirmative Action Overview\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://aclu.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=000697\">ProCon.org: Does the US Need Affirmative Action?\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.aclu.org/files/images/asset_upload_file670_37287.pdf\">ACLU: Who Supports Affirmative Action?\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/interactive/2013/06/24/us/affirmative-action-bans.html\">New York Times: How Minorities Have Faired In States With Affirmative Action Bans\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://nwlc.org/issue/affirmative-action-in-education/\">National Women’s Law Center: Affirmative Action and What it Means for Women\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nber.org/papers/w20962\">National Bureau of Economic Research\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-tank/2014/04/22/public-strongly-backs-affirmative-action-programs-on-campus/\">Pew Research Group: Public Strongly Backs Affirmative Action Programs on Campus\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://news.gallup.com/poll/193508/oppose-colleges-considering-race-admissions.aspx\">Gallop Poll: Oppose Colleges Considering Race Admissions\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/08/24/us/affirmative-action.html?emc=edit_ta_20170824&nl=top-stories&nlid=39699735\">New York Times: Even With Affirmative Action, Blacks and Hispanics are More Underrepresented at Top Colleges Than 35 Years Ago\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.teenvogue.com/story/what-you-need-to-know-about-race-and-college-admissions\">Teen Vogue: What you need to know about race and college admissions\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/blog/social-mobility-memos/2015/02/03/black-students-at-top-colleges-exceptions-not-the-rule/\">Brookings Institute: Black Students at Top Colleges Exceptions not the Rule\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1429\" title=\"jim crow\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1-400x238.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>February is Black History Month. These resources from the PBS series \u003ci>The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow\u003c/i> take students on sweeping journey through a defining era in American history with personal narratives, excusive stories and engaging lessons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBS LearningMedia has 44 educational resources including video, audio, lesson plans and interactives from the series \u003ca href=\"http://ca.pbslearningmedia.org/content/#q=the+rise+and+fall+of+jim+crow&page=1&per_page=20\">The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow\u003c/a>. The PBS 4 part series \u003ci>The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow\u003c/i>, recipient of the prestigious Peabody Award, chronicles a significant era in American history, 1865-1954.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Crow was not a person, yet affected the lives of millions of people. Named after a popular 19th-century minstrel song that stereotyped African Americans, ‘Jim Crow’ came to personify the system of government-sanctioned racial oppression and segregation in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1429\" title=\"jim crow\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"380\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2012/01/jimcrow1-400x238.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>February is Black History Month. These resources from the PBS series \u003ci>The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow\u003c/i> take students on sweeping journey through a defining era in American history with personal narratives, excusive stories and engaging lessons. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>PBS LearningMedia has 44 educational resources including video, audio, lesson plans and interactives from the series \u003ca href=\"http://ca.pbslearningmedia.org/content/#q=the+rise+and+fall+of+jim+crow&page=1&per_page=20\">The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow\u003c/a>. The PBS 4 part series \u003ci>The Rise and Fall of Jim Crow\u003c/i>, recipient of the prestigious Peabody Award, chronicles a significant era in American history, 1865-1954.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jim Crow was not a person, yet affected the lives of millions of people. Named after a popular 19th-century minstrel song that stereotyped African Americans, ‘Jim Crow’ came to personify the system of government-sanctioned racial oppression and segregation in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Monday, Americans commemorate the life of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Most of us know at least a little something about the man: he was an African American civil rights leader; he gave the “I Have a Dream” speech; he was assassinated for his efforts … and we get a day off in his honor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most American youth, though, knowledge about Dr. King and civil rights history in general doesn’t go much beyond that. The\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/15/education/15history.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> National Assessment of Educational Progress\u003c/a> reported that only 2 percent of high school seniors could correctly answer a basic question about the Supreme Court’s landmark Brown v. Board of Education case (more about that later).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/news/splc-study-finds-that-more-than-half-of-states-fail-at-teaching-the-civil-rights-m\">Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) \u003c/a> examined public K-12 education standards and curriculum requirements in all 50 states and found that 35 states – including California – failed to cover many of the core concepts and details about the Civil Rights Movement. 16 of these states (Iowa and New Hampshire included) didn’t require any instruction about the movment at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“For too many students, their civil rights education boils down to two people and four words: Rosa Parks, Dr. King and ‘I have a dream.’”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“For too many students, their civil rights education boils down to two people and four words: Rosa Parks, Dr. King and ‘I have a dream,’” said Maureen Costello, director of SPLC’s Teaching Tolerance program, which conducted the study. “By having weak or non-existent standards for history, particularly for the Civil Rights Movement, (most states) are saying loud and clear that it isn’t something students need to learn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also found that much of what is taught about the movement in schools largely focuses on addressing the major leaders and events, but fails to address the systemic and often persistent issues like racism and economic injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no doubt that Dr. King is recognized as one of our national heros. Major city boulevards throughout the country bear his name, and last year a memorial was dedicated to him on the National Mall in Washington. But, notes the SPLC report, these symbolic tributes fall short if the lessons and significance of his legacy aren’t being properly taught to students.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>So, how much do you know? Take the quiz to find out\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003ch5>(no pressure of course)\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=dont-know-much-about-history-civil-rights-movement-quiz\" height=\"460\" width=\"640\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/howdwegethere/2012/01/12/how-much-do-you-really-know-about-martin-luther-king-jr/\">How’d We Get Here\u003c/a> blog\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Monday, Americans commemorate the life of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Most of us know at least a little something about the man: he was an African American civil rights leader; he gave the “I Have a Dream” speech; he was assassinated for his efforts … and we get a day off in his honor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For most American youth, though, knowledge about Dr. King and civil rights history in general doesn’t go much beyond that. The\u003ca href=\"http://www.nytimes.com/2011/06/15/education/15history.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> National Assessment of Educational Progress\u003c/a> reported that only 2 percent of high school seniors could correctly answer a basic question about the Supreme Court’s landmark Brown v. Board of Education case (more about that later).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent study by the \u003ca href=\"http://www.splcenter.org/get-informed/news/splc-study-finds-that-more-than-half-of-states-fail-at-teaching-the-civil-rights-m\">Southern Poverty Law Center (SPLC) \u003c/a> examined public K-12 education standards and curriculum requirements in all 50 states and found that 35 states – including California – failed to cover many of the core concepts and details about the Civil Rights Movement. 16 of these states (Iowa and New Hampshire included) didn’t require any instruction about the movment at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>“For too many students, their civil rights education boils down to two people and four words: Rosa Parks, Dr. King and ‘I have a dream.’”\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>“For too many students, their civil rights education boils down to two people and four words: Rosa Parks, Dr. King and ‘I have a dream,’” said Maureen Costello, director of SPLC’s Teaching Tolerance program, which conducted the study. “By having weak or non-existent standards for history, particularly for the Civil Rights Movement, (most states) are saying loud and clear that it isn’t something students need to learn.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The study also found that much of what is taught about the movement in schools largely focuses on addressing the major leaders and events, but fails to address the systemic and often persistent issues like racism and economic injustice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no doubt that Dr. King is recognized as one of our national heros. Major city boulevards throughout the country bear his name, and last year a memorial was dedicated to him on the National Mall in Washington. But, notes the SPLC report, these symbolic tributes fall short if the lessons and significance of his legacy aren’t being properly taught to students.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch4>\u003cstrong>So, how much do you know? Take the quiz to find out\u003c/strong>\u003c/h4>\n\u003ch5>(no pressure of course)\u003c/h5>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe src=\"http://www.proprofs.com/quiz-school/story.php?title=dont-know-much-about-history-civil-rights-movement-quiz\" height=\"460\" width=\"640\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From KQED’s \u003ca href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/howdwegethere/2012/01/12/how-much-do-you-really-know-about-martin-luther-king-jr/\">How’d We Get Here\u003c/a> blog\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"The Skin I'm In\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-915\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For eighth-grader Roberta Stromas, the school playground had been a source of pain and anguish. On several occasions, her peers would not include her while hanging out, playing games or even sharing. This had all been attributed to the color of her skin. Roberta is African American and in the past her friends have had a problem with that. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racism really kind of stopped me from accomplishing my goals in life because it made me think about \u003cem>is this person going to judge me because I’m black? Is this person going to make assumptions about me because of the color of my skin?\u003c/em> I kind of hide it that it don’t affect me, but it’s like when I get home it plays over and over in my head of what happened… I try to say to myself \u003cem>they’re missing out\u003c/em>, but I feel like I’m missing out on a friendship. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her film \u003cem>The Skin I’m In\u003c/em>, Roberta meditates on her experiences with race in her friendships and how it affects her. She acts differently in front of her family, showing them that she is a happy girl, but inside she is angry and sad. Roberta comments on the strength of those who participated in the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Panther Party and how they have helped build a brighter future. But, racism still exists and at the end of the film, Roberta makes a call for action to end racism entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s her film \u003cem>The Skin I’m In\u003c/em>, also produced by Brianna Lyon, Zack Ledo, and Da’Shun Frelot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\" src=\"http://www.youtube.com/embed/OCdnkd3Axjk\" frameborder=\"0\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This video was made in collaboration with KQED and San Francisco Peer Resources as part of Project VoiceScape, a partnership with Adobe Youth Voices, PBS, and POV that is aimed at encouraging middle and high school students nationwide to use digital media tools in creating compelling stories about issues and concerns important to them. At Lick Middle School, the students all picked different themes to explore like depression, immigration, graffiti, video game addiction, domestic violence, and race and discrimination. Students produced incredibly poignant films about social issues that personally affect them. Through this personal lens, these films aim to express issues subjectively and do not attempt to hold any sort of objective journalistic integrity. These films also do not represent the opinions of any of the partnering organizations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED Education also worked with students from Philip and Sala Burton High School. All of the work was done in collaboration with the San Francisco Ed Fund’s Peer Resources program. At Burton, the students all picked the theme of college access as a focus for their films. The concept references financial struggles, immigration issues, lack of support, fears and anxieties.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/education/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1.jpg\" alt=\"\" title=\"The Skin I'm In\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-915\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1.jpg 640w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/38/2011/10/TheSkinImIn1-400x225.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For eighth-grader Roberta Stromas, the school playground had been a source of pain and anguish. On several occasions, her peers would not include her while hanging out, playing games or even sharing. This had all been attributed to the color of her skin. Roberta is African American and in the past her friends have had a problem with that. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Racism really kind of stopped me from accomplishing my goals in life because it made me think about \u003cem>is this person going to judge me because I’m black? Is this person going to make assumptions about me because of the color of my skin?\u003c/em> I kind of hide it that it don’t affect me, but it’s like when I get home it plays over and over in my head of what happened… I try to say to myself \u003cem>they’re missing out\u003c/em>, but I feel like I’m missing out on a friendship. ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In her film \u003cem>The Skin I’m In\u003c/em>, Roberta meditates on her experiences with race in her friendships and how it affects her. She acts differently in front of her family, showing them that she is a happy girl, but inside she is angry and sad. Roberta comments on the strength of those who participated in the Civil Rights Movement and the Black Panther Party and how they have helped build a brighter future. But, racism still exists and at the end of the film, Roberta makes a call for action to end racism entirely.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here’s her film \u003cem>The Skin I’m In\u003c/em>, also produced by Brianna Lyon, Zack Ledo, and Da’Shun Frelot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
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