Turning Soybeans Into Diesel Fuel is Costing Us Billions
New GMOs Get A Regulatory Green Light, With A Hint Of Yellow
Chickens That Lay Organic Eggs Eat Imported Food, And It's Pricey
For Supreme Court, Monsanto's Win Was More About Patents Than Seeds
Pictures Don't Lie: Corn And Soybeans Are Conquering U.S. Grasslands
Yuba City
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They're doing it, though, not because it's cheaper or better, but because they're required to, by law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law is the Renewable Fuel Standard, or RFS. For some, especially Midwestern farmers, it's the key to creating clean energy from American soil and sun. For others — like many economists — it's a wasteful misuse of resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the most wasteful part of the RFS, according to some, is biodiesel. It's different from ethanol, a fuel that's made from corn and mixed into gasoline, also as required by the RFS. In fact, gasoline companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/10/466010209/the-shocking-truth-about-americas-ethanol-law-it-doesnt-matter-for-now\">probably\u003c/a> would use ethanol even if there were no law requiring it, because ethanol is a useful fuel additive. That's not true of biodiesel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is an easy one, economically. Biodiesel is very expensive, relative to petroleum diesel,\" says Scott Irwin, an economist at the University of Illinois, who follows biofuel markets closely. He calculates that the extra cost for biodiesel comes to about $1.80 per gallon right now, meaning that the biofuel law is costing Americans about $5.4 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Irwin explains that use of biodiesel is driven by three different parts of the Renewable Fuel Standard. The law includes a quota for biodiesel use, but in addition to that, biodiesel also is used in order to meet the law's demand for \"advanced biofuels.\" Finally, there's an overall quota for biofuels of all sorts, and companies are using biodiesel to meet that quota as well because they've run into limits on their ability to blend ethanol into gasoline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defenders of biodiesel \u003ca href=\"https://unitedsoybean.org/media-center/issue-briefs/biodiesel/\">insist\u003c/a> that it's a much cleaner fuel than regular diesel, because it doesn't come from the ground, but from soybean plants that capture carbon dioxide from the air as they grow. In fact, by the EPA's calculations, replacing petroleum-based fuel with biodiesel will cut greenhouse emissions at least in half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of environmentalists, however, say that this calculation is dead wrong. They say that if more soybeans are needed to make fuel in addition to food, it inevitably means that people somewhere on Earth will have to plow up grasslands or cut down forests in order to grow that additional supply — and clearing such land releases huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two environmental groups — ActionAid USA and Mighty Earth — just released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.actionaidusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/AAUSA_MightyEarth_Burned_FINAL_web.pdf\">report\u003c/a> connecting America's biodiesel demands directly to deforestation in Argentina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators from the two groups documented widespread clearing of Argentine forests in order to expand cultivation of soybeans. Simultaneously, Argentina expanded its exports of soybean-derived biodiesel to the United States. In 2016, in fact, Argentina shipped more than 400 million gallons of biodiesel to the U.S., equivalent to almost 15 percent of all the biodiesel that Americans consumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story, however, is more complicated than it seems. For one thing, that boom in Argentine biodiesel exports is over, at least for now. Last summer, the the United States accused Argentina of subsidizing its biodiesel producers and \"dumping\" cheap biodiesel on the world market. In retaliation, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://enforcement.trade.gov/download/factsheets/factsheet-multiple-biodiesel-cvd-prelim-082217.pdf\">imposed\u003c/a> hefty taxes on on all biodiesel from Argentina. Overnight, those imports ceased. Americans now will have to rely on biodiesel produced here in the U.S. — which also is more expensive. (In a way, Argentina was doing the U.S. a favor, helping it satisfy its biodiesel demands more cheaply.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the most powerful factor driving demand for soybeans these days is China's appetite for soy meal, to feed its pigs and chickens, rather than America's need for soy oil to make fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The big story is China's demand,\" says Irwin of the University of Illinois. \"If anything is related to tearing up pastures in Argentina to grow soybeans, it's China and not biodiesel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, China wants so much soy meal that it's boosted global supplies of soy oil, because soybeans, when they're crushed, yield both meal and oil. By satisfying China's demand for meal, soy processors inevitably end up with plenty of oil to sell, too. (Interestingly, this is a reversal of the situation a century ago, when soybeans were mainly grown for their oil, and producers struggled to find uses for the meal.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The law that requires America to turn some of its soybeans into diesel fuel for trucks has created a new industry. But it's costing American consumers about $5 billion each year.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1516147900,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":750},"headData":{"title":"Turning Soybeans Into Diesel Fuel is Costing Us Billions | KQED","description":"The law that requires America to turn some of its soybeans into diesel fuel for trucks has created a new industry. But it's costing American consumers about $5 billion each year.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Turning Soybeans Into Diesel Fuel is Costing Us Billions","datePublished":"2018-01-17T00:11:40.000Z","dateModified":"2018-01-17T00:11:40.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"124442 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=124442","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2018/01/16/turning-soybeans-into-diesel-fuel-is-costing-us-billions/","disqusTitle":"Turning Soybeans Into Diesel Fuel is Costing Us Billions","nprImageCredit":"Eitan Abramovich","nprByline":"Dan Charles, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/01/16/577649838/turning-soybeans-into-diesel-fuel-is-costing-us-billions\">NPR Food\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>","nprImageAgency":"AFP/Getty Images","nprStoryId":"577649838","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=577649838&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/01/16/577649838/turning-soybeans-into-diesel-fuel-is-costing-us-billions?ft=nprml&f=577649838","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 16 Jan 2018 17:43:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 16 Jan 2018 17:43:23 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 16 Jan 2018 17:43:23 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/124442/turning-soybeans-into-diesel-fuel-is-costing-us-billions","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year, trucks and other heavy-duty motors in America will burn some 3 billion gallons of diesel fuel that was made from soybean oil. They're doing it, though, not because it's cheaper or better, but because they're required to, by law.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law is the Renewable Fuel Standard, or RFS. For some, especially Midwestern farmers, it's the key to creating clean energy from American soil and sun. For others — like many economists — it's a wasteful misuse of resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the most wasteful part of the RFS, according to some, is biodiesel. It's different from ethanol, a fuel that's made from corn and mixed into gasoline, also as required by the RFS. In fact, gasoline companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/02/10/466010209/the-shocking-truth-about-americas-ethanol-law-it-doesnt-matter-for-now\">probably\u003c/a> would use ethanol even if there were no law requiring it, because ethanol is a useful fuel additive. That's not true of biodiesel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is an easy one, economically. Biodiesel is very expensive, relative to petroleum diesel,\" says Scott Irwin, an economist at the University of Illinois, who follows biofuel markets closely. He calculates that the extra cost for biodiesel comes to about $1.80 per gallon right now, meaning that the biofuel law is costing Americans about $5.4 billion a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Irwin explains that use of biodiesel is driven by three different parts of the Renewable Fuel Standard. The law includes a quota for biodiesel use, but in addition to that, biodiesel also is used in order to meet the law's demand for \"advanced biofuels.\" Finally, there's an overall quota for biofuels of all sorts, and companies are using biodiesel to meet that quota as well because they've run into limits on their ability to blend ethanol into gasoline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Defenders of biodiesel \u003ca href=\"https://unitedsoybean.org/media-center/issue-briefs/biodiesel/\">insist\u003c/a> that it's a much cleaner fuel than regular diesel, because it doesn't come from the ground, but from soybean plants that capture carbon dioxide from the air as they grow. In fact, by the EPA's calculations, replacing petroleum-based fuel with biodiesel will cut greenhouse emissions at least in half.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A growing number of environmentalists, however, say that this calculation is dead wrong. They say that if more soybeans are needed to make fuel in addition to food, it inevitably means that people somewhere on Earth will have to plow up grasslands or cut down forests in order to grow that additional supply — and clearing such land releases huge amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two environmental groups — ActionAid USA and Mighty Earth — just released a \u003ca href=\"https://www.actionaidusa.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/01/AAUSA_MightyEarth_Burned_FINAL_web.pdf\">report\u003c/a> connecting America's biodiesel demands directly to deforestation in Argentina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investigators from the two groups documented widespread clearing of Argentine forests in order to expand cultivation of soybeans. Simultaneously, Argentina expanded its exports of soybean-derived biodiesel to the United States. In 2016, in fact, Argentina shipped more than 400 million gallons of biodiesel to the U.S., equivalent to almost 15 percent of all the biodiesel that Americans consumed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story, however, is more complicated than it seems. For one thing, that boom in Argentine biodiesel exports is over, at least for now. Last summer, the the United States accused Argentina of subsidizing its biodiesel producers and \"dumping\" cheap biodiesel on the world market. In retaliation, the U.S. \u003ca href=\"https://enforcement.trade.gov/download/factsheets/factsheet-multiple-biodiesel-cvd-prelim-082217.pdf\">imposed\u003c/a> hefty taxes on on all biodiesel from Argentina. Overnight, those imports ceased. Americans now will have to rely on biodiesel produced here in the U.S. — which also is more expensive. (In a way, Argentina was doing the U.S. a favor, helping it satisfy its biodiesel demands more cheaply.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition, the most powerful factor driving demand for soybeans these days is China's appetite for soy meal, to feed its pigs and chickens, rather than America's need for soy oil to make fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The big story is China's demand,\" says Irwin of the University of Illinois. \"If anything is related to tearing up pastures in Argentina to grow soybeans, it's China and not biodiesel.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, China wants so much soy meal that it's boosted global supplies of soy oil, because soybeans, when they're crushed, yield both meal and oil. By satisfying China's demand for meal, soy processors inevitably end up with plenty of oil to sell, too. (Interestingly, this is a reversal of the situation a century ago, when soybeans were mainly grown for their oil, and producers struggled to find uses for the meal.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2018 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/124442/turning-soybeans-into-diesel-fuel-is-costing-us-billions","authors":["byline_bayareabites_124442"],"categories":["bayareabites_1962","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_16049","bayareabites_3582"],"featImg":"bayareabites_124443","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_88863":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_88863","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"88863","score":null,"sort":[1413468168000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow","title":"New GMOs Get A Regulatory Green Light, With A Hint Of Yellow","publishDate":1413468168,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_88864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/glyphosate-crops_enl-428a3594d783d20539d1da64cade4e31b4b920bb-e1413467600915.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/glyphosate-crops_enl-428a3594d783d20539d1da64cade4e31b4b920bb-e1413467600915.jpg\" alt=\"Corn farmer Jerry McCulley sprays the weedkiller glyphosate across his cornfield in Auburn, Ill., in 2010. An increasing number of weeds have now evolved resistance to the chemical. Photo: Seth Perlman/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"643\" class=\"size-full wp-image-88864\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Corn farmer Jerry McCulley sprays the weedkiller glyphosate across his cornfield in Auburn, Ill., in 2010. An increasing number of weeds have now evolved resistance to the chemical. Photo: Seth Perlman/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/10/15/356416365/new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (10/15/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government regulators have approved a new generation of genetically engineered corn and soybeans. They're the latest weapon in an arms race between farmers and weeds, and the government's green light is provoking angry opposition from environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actual \u003ca href=\"http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/bd4379a92ceceeac8525735900400c27/72fde554930f3f6985257d7200591180!OpenDocument\">decision\u003c/a>, at first glance, seems narrow and technical. The Environmental Protection Agency has announced it had \"registered\" a new weedkiller formula that contains two older herbicides: glyphosate (better known as Roundup) and 2, 4-D.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Versions of these weedkillers have been around for decades. But farmers in six Midwestern states will be allowed to use the new formula, called Enlist Duo, on their corn and soybeans. And that counts as big news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_88868\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/modified-crops.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/modified-crops.jpg\" alt=\"The federal government announced that farmers can now plant soybeans like these ones genetically engineered by the biotech company Dow Agrosciences to tolerate doses of two weedkillers. Photo: Dow AgroSciences/AP \" width=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-88868\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The federal government announced that farmers can now plant soybeans like these ones genetically engineered by the biotech company Dow Agrosciences to tolerate doses of two weedkillers. Photo: Dow AgroSciences/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers will now be able to plant new \u003ca href=\"http://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/bulletins/cf9cff\">types\u003c/a> of corn and soybeans that have been genetically engineered by the biotech company Dow Agrosciences to tolerate doses of those two weedkillers. (The beauty of herbicide-resistant crops is that they make the herbicides exquisitely selective: They kill the weeds but not the crop.) So farmers can spray either glyphosate or 2, 4-D (or both) to wipe out weeds without harming their corn or soybeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that may actually be one of the most significant developments the world of weedkilling in more than a decade.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another similar new weedkilling combination of the chemical dicamba and genetically engineered, dicamba-resistant crops is awaiting government approval. Promoters of these new herbicide-crop combinations say they are a big step forward. Critics are calling them a mindless step into ever-increasing dependence on toxic chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's demand for such technologies because the last great weed-fighting weapon is starting to fail. Over the past two decades, farmers have come to rely, to an extraordinary extent, on glyphosate paired with \"Roundup Ready\" crops. But an increasing number of weeds have now evolved resistance to glyphosate. Farmers have had to resort to weedkilling chemicals that are more costly and often harder to manage. Many of those chemicals can't be sprayed directly on crops because they'd kill them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and critics of genetically engineered crops condemned the EPA's decision Wednesday, arguing that it leads farmers \"further down the futile path of chemical dependency,\" in the words of Andrew Kimbrell from the Center for Food Safety. Mary Ellen Kustin, from the Environmental Working Group, said in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewg.org/release/epa-ignores-public-outcry-approves-dangerous-weed-killer\">statement\u003c/a> that \"this continued arms race between chemical companies and superweeds is a threat to sustainable farming and public health. EPA's decision to up the ante of Roundup by approving Enlist Duo is unconscionable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the EPA's green light to Enlist Duo did contain some unusual provisions that the agency could eventually use to restrict its use. The EPA is requiring that Dow monitor the use of the new herbicide, work with farmers to avoid overusing it and come up plans to fight weeds that become resistant to the new weedkiller. In addition, the EPA's approval of Enlist Duo is temporary, and will expire in six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the same day that the EPA approved the new herbicide, the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentid=2014/10/0227.xml&contentidonly=true\">announced\u003c/a> a new program aimed at fighting the problem of herbicide-resistant weeds. According to the USDA statement, this problem \"will not be solved solely through the application of new herbicides.\" USDA scientists will carry out research on non-chemical ways to control weeds, such as cover crops, and promote their use among farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Farmers will be able to plant types of corn and soybeans that can tolerate doses of two weedkillers. It may be one of the most significant developments the world of weedkilling in more than a decade.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1413468168,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":14,"wordCount":647},"headData":{"title":"New GMOs Get A Regulatory Green Light, With A Hint Of Yellow | KQED","description":"Farmers will be able to plant types of corn and soybeans that can tolerate doses of two weedkillers. It may be one of the most significant developments the world of weedkilling in more than a decade. ","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"New GMOs Get A Regulatory Green Light, With A Hint Of Yellow","datePublished":"2014-10-16T14:02:48.000Z","dateModified":"2014-10-16T14:02:48.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"88863 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=88863","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/10/16/new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow/","disqusTitle":"New GMOs Get A Regulatory Green Light, With A Hint Of Yellow","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"356416365","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=356416365&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/10/15/356416365/new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow?ft=3&f=356416365","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 15 Oct 2014 19:01:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 15 Oct 2014 18:51:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 15 Oct 2014 19:01:37 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/88863/new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_88864\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1000px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/glyphosate-crops_enl-428a3594d783d20539d1da64cade4e31b4b920bb-e1413467600915.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/glyphosate-crops_enl-428a3594d783d20539d1da64cade4e31b4b920bb-e1413467600915.jpg\" alt=\"Corn farmer Jerry McCulley sprays the weedkiller glyphosate across his cornfield in Auburn, Ill., in 2010. An increasing number of weeds have now evolved resistance to the chemical. Photo: Seth Perlman/AP\" width=\"1000\" height=\"643\" class=\"size-full wp-image-88864\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Corn farmer Jerry McCulley sprays the weedkiller glyphosate across his cornfield in Auburn, Ill., in 2010. An increasing number of weeds have now evolved resistance to the chemical. Photo: Seth Perlman/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/10/15/356416365/new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (10/15/14)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Government regulators have approved a new generation of genetically engineered corn and soybeans. They're the latest weapon in an arms race between farmers and weeds, and the government's green light is provoking angry opposition from environmentalists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The actual \u003ca href=\"http://yosemite.epa.gov/opa/admpress.nsf/bd4379a92ceceeac8525735900400c27/72fde554930f3f6985257d7200591180!OpenDocument\">decision\u003c/a>, at first glance, seems narrow and technical. The Environmental Protection Agency has announced it had \"registered\" a new weedkiller formula that contains two older herbicides: glyphosate (better known as Roundup) and 2, 4-D.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Versions of these weedkillers have been around for decades. But farmers in six Midwestern states will be allowed to use the new formula, called Enlist Duo, on their corn and soybeans. And that counts as big news.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_88868\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 300px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/modified-crops.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/10/modified-crops.jpg\" alt=\"The federal government announced that farmers can now plant soybeans like these ones genetically engineered by the biotech company Dow Agrosciences to tolerate doses of two weedkillers. Photo: Dow AgroSciences/AP \" width=\"300\" class=\"size-full wp-image-88868\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The federal government announced that farmers can now plant soybeans like these ones genetically engineered by the biotech company Dow Agrosciences to tolerate doses of two weedkillers. Photo: Dow AgroSciences/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers will now be able to plant new \u003ca href=\"http://content.govdelivery.com/accounts/USDAAPHIS/bulletins/cf9cff\">types\u003c/a> of corn and soybeans that have been genetically engineered by the biotech company Dow Agrosciences to tolerate doses of those two weedkillers. (The beauty of herbicide-resistant crops is that they make the herbicides exquisitely selective: They kill the weeds but not the crop.) So farmers can spray either glyphosate or 2, 4-D (or both) to wipe out weeds without harming their corn or soybeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And that may actually be one of the most significant developments the world of weedkilling in more than a decade.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another similar new weedkilling combination of the chemical dicamba and genetically engineered, dicamba-resistant crops is awaiting government approval. Promoters of these new herbicide-crop combinations say they are a big step forward. Critics are calling them a mindless step into ever-increasing dependence on toxic chemicals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's demand for such technologies because the last great weed-fighting weapon is starting to fail. Over the past two decades, farmers have come to rely, to an extraordinary extent, on glyphosate paired with \"Roundup Ready\" crops. But an increasing number of weeds have now evolved resistance to glyphosate. Farmers have had to resort to weedkilling chemicals that are more costly and often harder to manage. Many of those chemicals can't be sprayed directly on crops because they'd kill them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Environmentalists and critics of genetically engineered crops condemned the EPA's decision Wednesday, arguing that it leads farmers \"further down the futile path of chemical dependency,\" in the words of Andrew Kimbrell from the Center for Food Safety. Mary Ellen Kustin, from the Environmental Working Group, said in a \u003ca href=\"http://www.ewg.org/release/epa-ignores-public-outcry-approves-dangerous-weed-killer\">statement\u003c/a> that \"this continued arms race between chemical companies and superweeds is a threat to sustainable farming and public health. EPA's decision to up the ante of Roundup by approving Enlist Duo is unconscionable.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In fact, the EPA's green light to Enlist Duo did contain some unusual provisions that the agency could eventually use to restrict its use. The EPA is requiring that Dow monitor the use of the new herbicide, work with farmers to avoid overusing it and come up plans to fight weeds that become resistant to the new weedkiller. In addition, the EPA's approval of Enlist Duo is temporary, and will expire in six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the same day that the EPA approved the new herbicide, the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"http://www.usda.gov/wps/portal/usda/usdahome?contentid=2014/10/0227.xml&contentidonly=true\">announced\u003c/a> a new program aimed at fighting the problem of herbicide-resistant weeds. According to the USDA statement, this problem \"will not be solved solely through the application of new herbicides.\" USDA scientists will carry out research on non-chemical ways to control weeds, such as cover crops, and promote their use among farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/88863/new-gmos-get-a-regulatory-green-light-with-a-hint-of-yellow","authors":["byline_bayareabites_88863"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_515","bayareabites_11270","bayareabites_13892","bayareabites_11952","bayareabites_10787","bayareabites_10773","bayareabites_10776","bayareabites_3582","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_88864","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_78738":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_78738","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"78738","score":null,"sort":[1393780525000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"chickens-that-lay-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey","title":"Chickens That Lay Organic Eggs Eat Imported Food, And It's Pricey","publishDate":1393780525,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78739\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1672px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_8680_wide-26399ed0c14ab410e07513be0b0d520c1ee54e04.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_8680_wide-26399ed0c14ab410e07513be0b0d520c1ee54e04.jpg\" alt=\"Empty shelves where eggs should be at a Whole Foods Market in Washington, D.C. The store blames increased demand for organic eggs. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1672\" height=\"941\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78739\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Empty shelves where eggs should be at a Whole Foods Market in Washington, D.C. The store blames increased demand for organic eggs. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/02/26/283112526/chickens-laying-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/27/2014)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/02/26/283112526/chickens-laying-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey\">All Things Considered\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/02/20140227_atc_why_organic_chickens_need_soybeans_from_china.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other morning, I found myself staring at something strange and unfamiliar: empty grocery shelves with the word \"eggs\" above them. The store, a Whole Foods Market in Washington, D.C., blamed, in another sign, the dearth on \"increased demand for organic eggs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This scene is unfolding in grocery stores across the country. But Whole Foods' sign wasn't telling the whole truth. Demand for organic eggs is indeed increasing, but production is also down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason behind that shortfall highlights an increasingly acute problem in the organic industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most chickens eat feed made from ground-up corn and soybeans, but America's farmers are not growing enough organic corn and soybeans — especially soybeans — to feed the country's organic animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We continue to be frustrated finding enough domestic production to meet domestic demand,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.clarksongrain.com/about-us.php\">Lynn Clarkson\u003c/a>, a grain trader in Cerro Gordo, Ill., who buys and sells organic soybeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who's filling that gap? Increasingly, farmers in China, India and Argentina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's led to the following situation, which on the face of it seems bizarre. The U.S., a soybean superpower, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/detail.aspx?chartId=41089#.Uw9YOeNdV8E\">ships\u003c/a> conventional soybeans all over the world to feed animals in places like China. Meanwhile, in China, farmers are growing organic soybeans and sending them here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. now gets more than half of its organic soybeans from abroad. The biggest suppliers are China and India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the stream of imports is growing. Last year, for the first time, the U.S. imported significant amounts of organic corn, too. This also went for animal feed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1448px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_5793-09db9e889e4648a383e10682f3646ea36fa84067.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_5793-09db9e889e4648a383e10682f3646ea36fa84067.jpg\" alt=\"These free-range chickens are getting conventional feed. They lay eggs for Sauder's Quality Eggs in Pennsylvania. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1087\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78740\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These free-range chickens are getting conventional feed. They lay eggs for Sauder's Quality Eggs in Pennsylvania. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tight supplies of both commodities, and resulting high feed prices, produced the current egg shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Bruce, who's director of eggs, meat and produce for the company \u003ca href=\"http://www.organicvalley.coop/\">Organic Valley\u003c/a>, says organic feed prices spiked last summer to two or three times above conventional rations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggs were plentiful at the time, as they usually are during summer, so some egg producers decided to shut down their organic production for a while. They got rid of some flocks, and switched others over to conventional feed. The eggs from those flocks still could be sold as \"free range\" eggs, since all organic chicken houses fit the definition of \"free range.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organic egg production fell, while demand grew faster than expected last fall, leading to today's empty shelves. Organic production is now coming back, Bruce says, but the problem of expensive feed remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarkson, the grain dealer, says it's difficult to persuade most U.S. farmers to make the switch to organic production. The financial incentives are there, he says. Farmers can sell organic soybeans for twice what they'd get for conventional beans. \"This should be almost a no-brainer,\" Clarkson says. \"But it's not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers say there are a series of obstacles to growing organic soybeans. Allen Williams, a farmer near Cerro Gordo who does grow organic crops, says part of the resistance come from deeply rooted attitudes about farming. \"In this area, a good farmer is one who keeps his farm very well maintained, and that means weed-free,\" he says. \"Organic definitely isn't weed-free.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There also are practical reasons. Growing organically can mean more work, clearing weeds by hand. Also, organic soybeans may be profitable, but farmers can't grow organic soybeans on a particular field every year; they'd have too many problems with pests. The crops that they grow in other years, such as wheat, may not bring in as much money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, U.S. farmers are doing well already. They've been earning record profits growing conventional crops and see no compelling reason to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers in China or India, on the other hand, often rely heavily on hand labor for weed control already. Their yields and profits from nonorganic crops aren't as high. So switching to organic is both less difficult and more rewarding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people in the organic industry are \u003ca href=\"http://www.cornucopia.org/2009/05/soy-report-and-scorecard/\">unhappy\u003c/a> about the situation. Judging by the reaction of Elissa Rubin, shopping for eggs at the Whole Foods, consumers may not like it either. \"Wow. They're importing organic feed from those countries? That's amazing,\" she said. \"Seems to go against the grain of helping sustainability and the environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some in the organic industry don't trust the imports. Even though Chinese and Indian farms have to get the same organic certification as American farms, the skeptics think some foreign suppliers may be cheating, selling soybeans that weren't actually grown according to organic rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarkson, the grain trader, says he does have to be on his guard, \"but last year, when the USDA National Organic Program's enforcement folks were looking into this, most of the people who were ejected from the organic world for fraud happened to be good old faithful Americans,\" he says. \"A few happened to be Chinese. No matter where you are, you need to know your chain of supply.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That supply chain, reaching all the way back to certified organic soybean fields in China or India, has become the key to putting organic eggs and chicken meat on America's grocery shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"America's farmers aren't growing enough organic corn and soybeans for our organic animals. Farmers in China, India and Argentina are filling the gap, but tight supplies have led to shortages.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1393737912,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":941},"headData":{"title":"Chickens That Lay Organic Eggs Eat Imported Food, And It's Pricey | KQED","description":"America's farmers aren't growing enough organic corn and soybeans for our organic animals. Farmers in China, India and Argentina are filling the gap, but tight supplies have led to shortages.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Chickens That Lay Organic Eggs Eat Imported Food, And It's Pricey","datePublished":"2014-03-02T17:15:25.000Z","dateModified":"2014-03-02T05:25:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"78738 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=78738","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/03/02/chickens-that-lay-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey/","disqusTitle":"Chickens That Lay Organic Eggs Eat Imported Food, And It's Pricey","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"283112526","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=283112526&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/02/26/283112526/chickens-laying-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey?ft=3&f=283112526","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 27 Feb 2014 19:57:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Thu, 27 Feb 2014 16:38:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 27 Feb 2014 19:03:41 -0500","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/02/20140227_atc_why_organic_chickens_need_soybeans_from_china.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=283112526","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1283533747-2f34a6.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=283112526","path":"/bayareabites/78738/chickens-that-lay-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/02/20140227_atc_why_organic_chickens_need_soybeans_from_china.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=283112526","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78739\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1672px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_8680_wide-26399ed0c14ab410e07513be0b0d520c1ee54e04.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_8680_wide-26399ed0c14ab410e07513be0b0d520c1ee54e04.jpg\" alt=\"Empty shelves where eggs should be at a Whole Foods Market in Washington, D.C. The store blames increased demand for organic eggs. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1672\" height=\"941\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78739\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Empty shelves where eggs should be at a Whole Foods Market in Washington, D.C. The store blames increased demand for organic eggs. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\" target=\"_blank\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/02/26/283112526/chickens-laying-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey\" target=\"_blank\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (2/27/2014)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2014/02/26/283112526/chickens-laying-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey\">All Things Considered\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2014/02/20140227_atc_why_organic_chickens_need_soybeans_from_china.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The other morning, I found myself staring at something strange and unfamiliar: empty grocery shelves with the word \"eggs\" above them. The store, a Whole Foods Market in Washington, D.C., blamed, in another sign, the dearth on \"increased demand for organic eggs.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This scene is unfolding in grocery stores across the country. But Whole Foods' sign wasn't telling the whole truth. Demand for organic eggs is indeed increasing, but production is also down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The reason behind that shortfall highlights an increasingly acute problem in the organic industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most chickens eat feed made from ground-up corn and soybeans, but America's farmers are not growing enough organic corn and soybeans — especially soybeans — to feed the country's organic animals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We continue to be frustrated finding enough domestic production to meet domestic demand,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://www.clarksongrain.com/about-us.php\">Lynn Clarkson\u003c/a>, a grain trader in Cerro Gordo, Ill., who buys and sells organic soybeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Who's filling that gap? Increasingly, farmers in China, India and Argentina.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It's led to the following situation, which on the face of it seems bizarre. The U.S., a soybean superpower, \u003ca href=\"http://www.ers.usda.gov/data-products/chart-gallery/detail.aspx?chartId=41089#.Uw9YOeNdV8E\">ships\u003c/a> conventional soybeans all over the world to feed animals in places like China. Meanwhile, in China, farmers are growing organic soybeans and sending them here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. now gets more than half of its organic soybeans from abroad. The biggest suppliers are China and India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the stream of imports is growing. Last year, for the first time, the U.S. imported significant amounts of organic corn, too. This also went for animal feed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1448px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_5793-09db9e889e4648a383e10682f3646ea36fa84067.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/02/img_5793-09db9e889e4648a383e10682f3646ea36fa84067.jpg\" alt=\"These free-range chickens are getting conventional feed. They lay eggs for Sauder's Quality Eggs in Pennsylvania. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1448\" height=\"1087\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78740\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">These free-range chickens are getting conventional feed. They lay eggs for Sauder's Quality Eggs in Pennsylvania. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Tight supplies of both commodities, and resulting high feed prices, produced the current egg shortages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>David Bruce, who's director of eggs, meat and produce for the company \u003ca href=\"http://www.organicvalley.coop/\">Organic Valley\u003c/a>, says organic feed prices spiked last summer to two or three times above conventional rations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eggs were plentiful at the time, as they usually are during summer, so some egg producers decided to shut down their organic production for a while. They got rid of some flocks, and switched others over to conventional feed. The eggs from those flocks still could be sold as \"free range\" eggs, since all organic chicken houses fit the definition of \"free range.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organic egg production fell, while demand grew faster than expected last fall, leading to today's empty shelves. Organic production is now coming back, Bruce says, but the problem of expensive feed remains.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarkson, the grain dealer, says it's difficult to persuade most U.S. farmers to make the switch to organic production. The financial incentives are there, he says. Farmers can sell organic soybeans for twice what they'd get for conventional beans. \"This should be almost a no-brainer,\" Clarkson says. \"But it's not.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers say there are a series of obstacles to growing organic soybeans. Allen Williams, a farmer near Cerro Gordo who does grow organic crops, says part of the resistance come from deeply rooted attitudes about farming. \"In this area, a good farmer is one who keeps his farm very well maintained, and that means weed-free,\" he says. \"Organic definitely isn't weed-free.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There also are practical reasons. Growing organically can mean more work, clearing weeds by hand. Also, organic soybeans may be profitable, but farmers can't grow organic soybeans on a particular field every year; they'd have too many problems with pests. The crops that they grow in other years, such as wheat, may not bring in as much money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Finally, U.S. farmers are doing well already. They've been earning record profits growing conventional crops and see no compelling reason to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farmers in China or India, on the other hand, often rely heavily on hand labor for weed control already. Their yields and profits from nonorganic crops aren't as high. So switching to organic is both less difficult and more rewarding.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people in the organic industry are \u003ca href=\"http://www.cornucopia.org/2009/05/soy-report-and-scorecard/\">unhappy\u003c/a> about the situation. Judging by the reaction of Elissa Rubin, shopping for eggs at the Whole Foods, consumers may not like it either. \"Wow. They're importing organic feed from those countries? That's amazing,\" she said. \"Seems to go against the grain of helping sustainability and the environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some in the organic industry don't trust the imports. Even though Chinese and Indian farms have to get the same organic certification as American farms, the skeptics think some foreign suppliers may be cheating, selling soybeans that weren't actually grown according to organic rules.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clarkson, the grain trader, says he does have to be on his guard, \"but last year, when the USDA National Organic Program's enforcement folks were looking into this, most of the people who were ejected from the organic world for fraud happened to be good old faithful Americans,\" he says. \"A few happened to be Chinese. No matter where you are, you need to know your chain of supply.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That supply chain, reaching all the way back to certified organic soybean fields in China or India, has become the key to putting organic eggs and chicken meat on America's grocery shelves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2014 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/78738/chickens-that-lay-organic-eggs-eat-imported-food-and-its-pricey","authors":["byline_bayareabites_78738"],"categories":["bayareabites_1962","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_11926","bayareabites_272","bayareabites_33","bayareabites_107","bayareabites_65","bayareabites_12129","bayareabites_3582","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_78743","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_61949":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_61949","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"61949","score":null,"sort":[1368651471000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"for-supreme-court-monsantos-win-was-more-about-patents-than-seeds","title":"For Supreme Court, Monsanto's Win Was More About Patents Than Seeds","publishDate":1368651471,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/soybeans.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/soybeans-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"A farmer holds Monsanto's "Roundup Ready" soybean seeds at his family farm in Bunceton, Mo. Photo: Dan Gill/AP\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-61955\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A farmer holds Monsanto's \"Roundup Ready\" soybean seeds at his family farm in Bunceton, Mo. Photo: Dan Gill/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/14/183729491/Supreme-Court-Sides-With-Monsanto-In-Seed-Patent-Case\">All Things Considered\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2013/05/20130513_atc_10.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2101289/nina-totenberg\">Nina Totenberg\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/14/183729491/Supreme-Court-Sides-With-Monsanto-In-Seed-Patent-Case\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (5/13/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously Monday that when farmers use patented seed for more than one planting in violation of their licensing agreements, they are liable for damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billed as David vs. Goliath, the case pitted an Indiana farmer against the agribusiness behemoth Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost all the soybean farmers in the U.S. use seed that is genetically altered to be resistant to weed killers like Roundup. That allows farmers to spray for weeds without killing the soybeans. But the seed is three times more expensive than regular unpatented seed, so some farmers have tried to use regenerated seed to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point, 75-year-old farmer Hugh Bowman, who regularly bought Monsanto's Roundup-resistant soybean seed for his first growth and signed a licensing agreement promising to use all the seed and not to use any regenerated seed for future use. But Bowman also had other riskier, lower-yield plantings, and for those, he wanted \"a cheap source of seed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he went to the local grain elevator where farmers drop off their harvested soybeans, and he bought and planted some of those, knowing that those beans would likely also be Roundup-resistant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He eventually produced eight separate crop yields using the second and third generations of the grain elevator seed, and he was quite open about what he was doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't imagine that they'd give a rat's behind,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they — namely, Monsanto — did. The company sued Bowman, as it has sued other farmers. Bowman lost in the lower courts and was ordered to pay $84,000 in damages to Monsanto. He appealed all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There the question before the justices pitted two legal doctrines against each other. One doctrine, known technically as patent exhaustion, says that once you buy a product — say, a cellphone — you can do with it whatever you want. You can use it, sell it, give it to your kids, whatever. But a second patent doctrine says you are forbidden to copy it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So which rule applied in Bowman's case? The Supreme Court said unanimously that Bowman's actions amounted to illegal copying of a patented product, a sort of farming piracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing for the high court, Justice Elena Kagan said that Bowman is perfectly free to purchase grain elevator beans to eat or feed to livestock, or even to resell, but he could not do what he, in fact, did: plant the beans from the grain elevator in his own fields, test them for weed resistance, and then harvest, re-harvest and re-harvest multiple times, without paying Monsanto for use of its patented product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without this protection for Monsanto, said Kagan, the company would get \"scant benefit\" from its invention, and Bowman and other farmers would reap great rewards from the weed-resistant seed without paying for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kagan also rejected Bowman's argument that since soybeans naturally self-replicate by sprouting, it was the soybean, not Bowman himself, that made replications of the Monsanto's patented invention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think the blame-the-bean defense tough to credit,\" said Kagan. Bowman, she noted, \"was not a passive observer of his soybeans multiplication.\" Instead, Bowman himself produced eight separate crop yields using the grain elevator beans to maximize regeneration of the beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto and other agribusiness enterprises were predictably pleased by the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court's ruling today ensures that long-standing principles of patent law apply to breakthrough 21st century technologies,\" said David Snively, Monsanto's executive vice president and general counsel. \"The ruling also provides assurance to all inventors throughout the public and private sectors that they can and should continue to invest in innovation that feeds people, improves lives, creates jobs and allows America to keep its competitive edge.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, critics of the industry were just as predictably disappointed. Andrew Kimbrell, director of the Center for Food Safety, called the decision a \"disaster\" for farmers and consumers, because it ensures that Monsanto's soybean seed patent will dominate the market even more, meaning that prices for both farmers and consumers will soar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court's decision, however, was explicitly limited to cases like Bowman's, where an individual takes steps to replicate a patented product. Justice Kagan said the court was not deciding how to handle all self-replicating products — products that range from patented DNA molecules to computer software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or as John Whelan, George Washington University associate dean of intellectual property law put it, the court has \"left for another day\" the question of how to treat a product that \"automatically reproduces itself with no intervention.\" In the modern world of complex new inventions, it seems the court is not eager to get ahead of itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The high court ruled unanimously that when farmers use patented seed for more than one planting in violation of their licensing agreements, they are liable for damages.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1368651471,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":860},"headData":{"title":"For Supreme Court, Monsanto's Win Was More About Patents Than Seeds | KQED","description":"The high court ruled unanimously that when farmers use patented seed for more than one planting in violation of their licensing agreements, they are liable for damages.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"For Supreme Court, Monsanto's Win Was More About Patents Than Seeds","datePublished":"2013-05-15T20:57:51.000Z","dateModified":"2013-05-15T20:57:51.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"61949 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=61949","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/05/15/for-supreme-court-monsantos-win-was-more-about-patents-than-seeds/","disqusTitle":"For Supreme Court, Monsanto's Win Was More About Patents Than Seeds","nprByline":"Nina Totenberg","nprStoryId":"183729491","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=183729491&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/14/183729491/Supreme-Court-Sides-With-Monsanto-In-Seed-Patent-Case?ft=3&f=183729491","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 15 May 2013 11:59:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 13 May 2013 15:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 15 May 2013 11:59:24 -0400","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2013/05/20130513_atc_10.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1070&ft=3&f=183729491","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1183714097-3288f6.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1070&ft=3&f=183729491","path":"/bayareabites/61949/for-supreme-court-monsantos-win-was-more-about-patents-than-seeds","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2013/05/20130513_atc_10.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1070&ft=3&f=183729491","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_61955\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/soybeans.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/05/soybeans-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"A farmer holds Monsanto's "Roundup Ready" soybean seeds at his family farm in Bunceton, Mo. Photo: Dan Gill/AP\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-61955\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A farmer holds Monsanto's \"Roundup Ready\" soybean seeds at his family farm in Bunceton, Mo. Photo: Dan Gill/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/14/183729491/Supreme-Court-Sides-With-Monsanto-In-Seed-Patent-Case\">All Things Considered\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2013/05/20130513_atc_10.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/2101289/nina-totenberg\">Nina Totenberg\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/05/14/183729491/Supreme-Court-Sides-With-Monsanto-In-Seed-Patent-Case\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (5/13/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Supreme Court ruled unanimously Monday that when farmers use patented seed for more than one planting in violation of their licensing agreements, they are liable for damages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Billed as David vs. Goliath, the case pitted an Indiana farmer against the agribusiness behemoth Monsanto.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Almost all the soybean farmers in the U.S. use seed that is genetically altered to be resistant to weed killers like Roundup. That allows farmers to spray for weeds without killing the soybeans. But the seed is three times more expensive than regular unpatented seed, so some farmers have tried to use regenerated seed to save money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Case in point, 75-year-old farmer Hugh Bowman, who regularly bought Monsanto's Roundup-resistant soybean seed for his first growth and signed a licensing agreement promising to use all the seed and not to use any regenerated seed for future use. But Bowman also had other riskier, lower-yield plantings, and for those, he wanted \"a cheap source of seed.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So he went to the local grain elevator where farmers drop off their harvested soybeans, and he bought and planted some of those, knowing that those beans would likely also be Roundup-resistant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He eventually produced eight separate crop yields using the second and third generations of the grain elevator seed, and he was quite open about what he was doing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I couldn't imagine that they'd give a rat's behind,\" he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But they — namely, Monsanto — did. The company sued Bowman, as it has sued other farmers. Bowman lost in the lower courts and was ordered to pay $84,000 in damages to Monsanto. He appealed all the way to the U.S. Supreme Court.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There the question before the justices pitted two legal doctrines against each other. One doctrine, known technically as patent exhaustion, says that once you buy a product — say, a cellphone — you can do with it whatever you want. You can use it, sell it, give it to your kids, whatever. But a second patent doctrine says you are forbidden to copy it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So which rule applied in Bowman's case? The Supreme Court said unanimously that Bowman's actions amounted to illegal copying of a patented product, a sort of farming piracy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Writing for the high court, Justice Elena Kagan said that Bowman is perfectly free to purchase grain elevator beans to eat or feed to livestock, or even to resell, but he could not do what he, in fact, did: plant the beans from the grain elevator in his own fields, test them for weed resistance, and then harvest, re-harvest and re-harvest multiple times, without paying Monsanto for use of its patented product.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Without this protection for Monsanto, said Kagan, the company would get \"scant benefit\" from its invention, and Bowman and other farmers would reap great rewards from the weed-resistant seed without paying for it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kagan also rejected Bowman's argument that since soybeans naturally self-replicate by sprouting, it was the soybean, not Bowman himself, that made replications of the Monsanto's patented invention.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We think the blame-the-bean defense tough to credit,\" said Kagan. Bowman, she noted, \"was not a passive observer of his soybeans multiplication.\" Instead, Bowman himself produced eight separate crop yields using the grain elevator beans to maximize regeneration of the beans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Monsanto and other agribusiness enterprises were predictably pleased by the decision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The court's ruling today ensures that long-standing principles of patent law apply to breakthrough 21st century technologies,\" said David Snively, Monsanto's executive vice president and general counsel. \"The ruling also provides assurance to all inventors throughout the public and private sectors that they can and should continue to invest in innovation that feeds people, improves lives, creates jobs and allows America to keep its competitive edge.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, critics of the industry were just as predictably disappointed. Andrew Kimbrell, director of the Center for Food Safety, called the decision a \"disaster\" for farmers and consumers, because it ensures that Monsanto's soybean seed patent will dominate the market even more, meaning that prices for both farmers and consumers will soar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court's decision, however, was explicitly limited to cases like Bowman's, where an individual takes steps to replicate a patented product. Justice Kagan said the court was not deciding how to handle all self-replicating products — products that range from patented DNA molecules to computer software.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Or as John Whelan, George Washington University associate dean of intellectual property law put it, the court has \"left for another day\" the question of how to treat a product that \"automatically reproduces itself with no intervention.\" In the modern world of complex new inventions, it seems the court is not eager to get ahead of itself. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/61949/for-supreme-court-monsantos-win-was-more-about-patents-than-seeds","authors":["byline_bayareabites_61949"],"categories":["bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34"],"tags":["bayareabites_10771","bayareabites_10787","bayareabites_11714","bayareabites_10773","bayareabites_11715","bayareabites_10776","bayareabites_8523","bayareabites_3582","bayareabites_11046","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_61950","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_57066":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_57066","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"57066","score":null,"sort":[1361323953000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands","title":"Pictures Don't Lie: Corn And Soybeans Are Conquering U.S. Grasslands","publishDate":1361323953,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/cornfield.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/cornfield-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"A corn field is shrouded in mist at sunrise in rural Springfield, Neb. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-57070\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A corn field is shrouded in mist at sunrise in rural Springfield, Neb. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/02/14/172021095/pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, I've been hearing stories about the changing agricultural landscape of the northern plains. Grasslands are disappearing, farmers told me. They're being replaced by fields of corn and soybeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, those stories got a big dose of scientific, peer-reviewed validation. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/02/13/1215404110.abstract?sid=6beb2b07-ff9f-4090-a5dc-ec4811e46f7a\">study\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\u003c/em> shows actual pictures — derived from satellite data — of that changing landscape. The images show that farmers in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska converted 1.3 million acres of grassland into soybean and corn production between 2006 and 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is kind of the worst-kept secret in the Northern Plains. We just put some numbers on it,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://globalmonitoring.sdstate.edu/people.php?view=6&a=show&id=69\">Christopher Wright\u003c/a>, from South Dakota State University, who got funding from the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy to take a close look at this phenomenon. Earlier studies from the \u003ca href=\"http://static.ewg.org/pdf/plowed_under.pdf\">Environmental Working Group\u003c/a> and the USDA's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/128019/err120.pdf\">Economic Research Service\u003c/a> have also looked at it, each using slightly different methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57071\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 279px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/map.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/map-279x290.jpg\" alt=\"Hot spots of grassland conversion: This map shows the percentage of existing grasslands that were converted into corn or soybean fields between 2006 and 2011. Photo: Christopher K. Wright/South Dakota State University\" width=\"279\" height=\"290\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-57071\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hot spots of grassland conversion: This map shows the percentage of existing grasslands that were converted into corn or soybean fields between 2006 and 2011. Photo: Christopher K. Wright/South Dakota State University\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Wright's images are striking, and these changes are having profound effects on the environment of this region. For instance, it's bad news for wildlife, because corn fields are much less inviting habitat for a wide range of wild creatures, from ground-nesting birds to insects, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/14/146872577/why-california-almonds-need-north-dakota-flowers-and-a-few-billion-bees\">bees\u003c/a>. Corn and soybean fields are increasingly encroaching into the Prairie Pothole region of the Dakotas and Minnesota, the most important breeding habitat for waterfowl in North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In southern Iowa, Wright says, much of the land conversion is taking place on hillsides. The soil of those fields, without permanent grass to hold it in place, is now much more likely to wash into streams and ponds. And on the western edge of this region, farmers are taking a chance on corn and soybeans in places that sometimes don't get enough rainfall for these thirsty crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? There's one very simple reason: Corn and soybean prices are high, so farmers can earn a lot of money growing those crops. Meanwhile, funding has been declining for one important alternative — the government's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4736044\">Conservation Reserve Program\u003c/a>, which pays farmers to protect wildlife and water quality by keeping land in grass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason, however, is getting increasing attention: crop insurance. The government subsidizes private insurance policies that cover the risks of poor harvests, or even that prices will fall. Because farmers don't pay for the full cost of this insurance, critics of crop insurance say that it encourages risky behavior: planting crops in areas that don't drain well, where rainfall is unreliable, or on hillsides where soil erosion is a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say that the government should drastically reduce its subsidies for such insurance. Not only is it \u003ca href=\"http://www.card.iastate.edu/policy_briefs/display.aspx?id=1154\">fiscally irresponsible\u003c/a>, they say. It's encouraging farmers to \u003ca href=\"http://static.ewg.org/pdf/plowed_under.pdf\">destroy the grasslands\u003c/a> of the northern plains, a priceless and increasingly scarce natural treasure.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Farmers in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska converted 1.3 million acres of grassland into soybean and corn production between 2006 and 2011. Images derived from satellite data confirmed that changing landscape, which spells bad news wildlife and for soil integrity in some parts.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1361323953,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":546},"headData":{"title":"Pictures Don't Lie: Corn And Soybeans Are Conquering U.S. Grasslands | KQED","description":"Farmers in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska converted 1.3 million acres of grassland into soybean and corn production between 2006 and 2011. Images derived from satellite data confirmed that changing landscape, which spells bad news wildlife and for soil integrity in some parts.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Pictures Don't Lie: Corn And Soybeans Are Conquering U.S. Grasslands","datePublished":"2013-02-20T01:32:33.000Z","dateModified":"2013-02-20T01:32:33.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"57066 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=57066","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/02/19/pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands/","disqusTitle":"Pictures Don't Lie: Corn And Soybeans Are Conquering U.S. Grasslands","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"172021095","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=172021095&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/02/14/172021095/pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands?ft=3&f=172021095","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Tue, 19 Feb 2013 13:56:00 -0500","nprStoryDate":"Tue, 19 Feb 2013 10:58:00 -0500","nprLastModifiedDate":"Tue, 19 Feb 2013 13:56:17 -0500","path":"/bayareabites/57066/pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57070\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/cornfield.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/cornfield-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"A corn field is shrouded in mist at sunrise in rural Springfield, Neb. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" class=\"size-large wp-image-57070\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A corn field is shrouded in mist at sunrise in rural Springfield, Neb. Photo: Nati Harnik/AP\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/02/14/172021095/pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For years, I've been hearing stories about the changing agricultural landscape of the northern plains. Grasslands are disappearing, farmers told me. They're being replaced by fields of corn and soybeans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, those stories got a big dose of scientific, peer-reviewed validation. A \u003ca href=\"http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/02/13/1215404110.abstract?sid=6beb2b07-ff9f-4090-a5dc-ec4811e46f7a\">study\u003c/a> published in the \u003cem>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences\u003c/em> shows actual pictures — derived from satellite data — of that changing landscape. The images show that farmers in the Dakotas, Minnesota, Iowa and Nebraska converted 1.3 million acres of grassland into soybean and corn production between 2006 and 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This is kind of the worst-kept secret in the Northern Plains. We just put some numbers on it,\" says \u003ca href=\"http://globalmonitoring.sdstate.edu/people.php?view=6&a=show&id=69\">Christopher Wright\u003c/a>, from South Dakota State University, who got funding from the National Science Foundation and the Department of Energy to take a close look at this phenomenon. Earlier studies from the \u003ca href=\"http://static.ewg.org/pdf/plowed_under.pdf\">Environmental Working Group\u003c/a> and the USDA's \u003ca href=\"http://www.ers.usda.gov/media/128019/err120.pdf\">Economic Research Service\u003c/a> have also looked at it, each using slightly different methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_57071\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 279px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/map.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/02/map-279x290.jpg\" alt=\"Hot spots of grassland conversion: This map shows the percentage of existing grasslands that were converted into corn or soybean fields between 2006 and 2011. Photo: Christopher K. Wright/South Dakota State University\" width=\"279\" height=\"290\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-57071\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hot spots of grassland conversion: This map shows the percentage of existing grasslands that were converted into corn or soybean fields between 2006 and 2011. Photo: Christopher K. Wright/South Dakota State University\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Wright's images are striking, and these changes are having profound effects on the environment of this region. For instance, it's bad news for wildlife, because corn fields are much less inviting habitat for a wide range of wild creatures, from ground-nesting birds to insects, including \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2012/02/14/146872577/why-california-almonds-need-north-dakota-flowers-and-a-few-billion-bees\">bees\u003c/a>. Corn and soybean fields are increasingly encroaching into the Prairie Pothole region of the Dakotas and Minnesota, the most important breeding habitat for waterfowl in North America.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In southern Iowa, Wright says, much of the land conversion is taking place on hillsides. The soil of those fields, without permanent grass to hold it in place, is now much more likely to wash into streams and ponds. And on the western edge of this region, farmers are taking a chance on corn and soybeans in places that sometimes don't get enough rainfall for these thirsty crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? There's one very simple reason: Corn and soybean prices are high, so farmers can earn a lot of money growing those crops. Meanwhile, funding has been declining for one important alternative — the government's \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=4736044\">Conservation Reserve Program\u003c/a>, which pays farmers to protect wildlife and water quality by keeping land in grass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another reason, however, is getting increasing attention: crop insurance. The government subsidizes private insurance policies that cover the risks of poor harvests, or even that prices will fall. Because farmers don't pay for the full cost of this insurance, critics of crop insurance say that it encourages risky behavior: planting crops in areas that don't drain well, where rainfall is unreliable, or on hillsides where soil erosion is a problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Critics say that the government should drastically reduce its subsidies for such insurance. Not only is it \u003ca href=\"http://www.card.iastate.edu/policy_briefs/display.aspx?id=1154\">fiscally irresponsible\u003c/a>, they say. It's encouraging farmers to \u003ca href=\"http://static.ewg.org/pdf/plowed_under.pdf\">destroy the grasslands\u003c/a> of the northern plains, a priceless and increasingly scarce natural treasure.\u003cbr>\n\u003cem>\u003cbr>\nCopyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/57066/pictures-dont-lie-corn-and-soybeans-are-conquering-u-s-grasslands","authors":["byline_bayareabites_57066"],"categories":["bayareabites_1962","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_515","bayareabites_134","bayareabites_11214","bayareabites_3582","bayareabites_10921"],"featImg":"bayareabites_57067","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_11306":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_11306","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"11306","score":null,"sort":[1268407020000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"yuba-city","title":"Yuba City","publishDate":1268407020,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-11307\" title=\"Yuba Soy\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/03/Yuba-Soy.jpg\" alt=\"Yuba Soy\" width=\"350\" height=\"310\">A little while back, my friend Deborah asked me if I would be interested in learning how tofu was made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn't think of any good reason not to be interested, so I said, \"Yes,\" and met up with her and a few other nice people at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.hodosoy.com/\">Hodo Soy Beanery\u003c/a> in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I enjoyed the tour, alright. In fact, it got me thinking (for once) about soy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The thought of soy beans has never taken up much space in my head, nor have I given much in the way of thinking about soy products save for three, sketchy opinions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Soy milk is a a godsend to the multitudes of breakfast cereal-loving, lactose-intolerant people in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. Tofu is a much relied upon meat substitute for vegetarians and the poor of Eastern Asia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. Thanks to plant estrogens (phytoestrogens) found naturally in soy beans, if I suddenly took to eating nothing but soy products, I might grow female breasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Number three, by the way, is totally false, so far as I can tell. Consumption of plant estrogens have no effect upon testosterone levels in males, which makes me wonder if a high intake of fenugreek (which contains phytotestosterone) would actually make me \u003ca href=\"http://www.primordialperformance.com/store/phyto_testosterone.html\">bigger, hairier, and stronger\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, though numbers one and two are essentially correct, I found that my opinions of soy were based solely upon the notion that it merely existed as a substitute for other things-- things that other people might neither be able to digest nor afford. I had never considered soy products like tofu as foods that deserved to stand on their own merits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, until I met \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11308\" title=\"Yuba making\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/03/Yuba-making.jpg\" alt=\"Yuba making\" width=\"259\" height=\"350\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those of you unfamiliar with the stuff, \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> is the Japanese word for \"skin\", which is precisely what it is-- the skin that forms atop heated soy milk, much the way a skin forms atop heated cow's milk or even chocolate pudding (which is giving me ideas).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Yuba\u003c/em>-making is one of those (blessedly) rare food stuffs that cannot be produced by machine without sacrificing the texture and quality that makes it attractive in the first place. It must be plucked by hand from a heated basin of soy milk, folded, left to hang and drip dry, and then folded again. The result is silky and a little creamy, with the texture of that thin layer of scrambled egg that might coat the bottom of a non-stick pan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is my new food crush. \u003cem>Yuba\u003c/em> can be pressed into blocks, cut into noodles, fried, eaten like sashimi, and God knows what else. Loving the texture as much as I do, I was even tempted to paper my kitchen walls with it, which would have been lovely for about a day, until it started to decompose. I look forward to playing with it some more, perhaps even making my own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, of course, now I'm wondering if a chocolate pudding yuba would actually work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does the \u003ca href=\"http://www.yubacity.net/\">Yuba City\u003c/a> Chamber of Commerce know about this stuff? I think they might be missing a wonderful marketing opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11309\" title=\"yuba noodles\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/03/yuba-noodles.jpg\" alt=\"yuba noodles\" width=\"350\" height=\"275\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fresh Yuba Salad\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mean time, I'll just let the \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> tell me what it needs. Today, it told me it felt like being a salad, so I just cut it into noodle-like strips, threw in a couple of playmates, and tossed them all in a simple dressing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's really, really good, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Serves 2.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2 sheets of fresh \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1/3 English cucumber, unpeeled and julienned\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2 scallions, thinly sliced up to and including as much of the dark green part as you dare\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2 tablespoons sesame oil\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1 teaspoon fish sauce\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1 teaspoon rice wine vinegar\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1 teaspoon \u003cem>tamari\u003c/em> or other Japanese soy sauce (soy, meet soy)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black sesame seeds for garnish\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Preparation:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. In a small bowl, combine sesame oil, fish sauce, rice wine vinegar, and \u003cem>tamari\u003c/em>. Set aside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. Unfold your sheets of \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> and slice into noodles-- the wideness of which is entirely up to you. In Italian-speak, mine are slightly wider than tagliatelle. Add julienned cucumbers and sliced scallion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. Whisk dressing and drizzle over \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em>. Toss with hands (clean, please) and taste. Adjust seasonings, if desired. Transfer into serving dish, garnish with black sesame seeds, and consume-- fresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>4. Repeat as often as necessary until you get over your newly-found \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> fetish.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It is my new food crush. Yuba can be pressed into blocks, cut into noodles, fried, eaten like sashimi, and God knows what else. Loving the texture as much as I do, I was even tempted to paper my kitchen walls with it, which would have been lovely for about a day, until it started to decompose. I look forward to playing with it some more, perhaps even making my own.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1550600757,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":37,"wordCount":736},"headData":{"title":"Yuba City | KQED","description":"It is my new food crush. Yuba can be pressed into blocks, cut into noodles, fried, eaten like sashimi, and God knows what else. Loving the texture as much as I do, I was even tempted to paper my kitchen walls with it, which would have been lovely for about a day, until it started to decompose. I look forward to playing with it some more, perhaps even making my own.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Yuba City","datePublished":"2010-03-12T15:17:00.000Z","dateModified":"2019-02-19T18:25:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"11306 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=11306","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2010/03/12/yuba-city/","disqusTitle":"Yuba City","path":"/bayareabites/11306/yuba-city","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignleft size-full wp-image-11307\" title=\"Yuba Soy\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/03/Yuba-Soy.jpg\" alt=\"Yuba Soy\" width=\"350\" height=\"310\">A little while back, my friend Deborah asked me if I would be interested in learning how tofu was made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I couldn't think of any good reason not to be interested, so I said, \"Yes,\" and met up with her and a few other nice people at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.hodosoy.com/\">Hodo Soy Beanery\u003c/a> in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I enjoyed the tour, alright. In fact, it got me thinking (for once) about soy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The thought of soy beans has never taken up much space in my head, nor have I given much in the way of thinking about soy products save for three, sketchy opinions:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. Soy milk is a a godsend to the multitudes of breakfast cereal-loving, lactose-intolerant people in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. Tofu is a much relied upon meat substitute for vegetarians and the poor of Eastern Asia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. Thanks to plant estrogens (phytoestrogens) found naturally in soy beans, if I suddenly took to eating nothing but soy products, I might grow female breasts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Number three, by the way, is totally false, so far as I can tell. Consumption of plant estrogens have no effect upon testosterone levels in males, which makes me wonder if a high intake of fenugreek (which contains phytotestosterone) would actually make me \u003ca href=\"http://www.primordialperformance.com/store/phyto_testosterone.html\">bigger, hairier, and stronger\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, though numbers one and two are essentially correct, I found that my opinions of soy were based solely upon the notion that it merely existed as a substitute for other things-- things that other people might neither be able to digest nor afford. I had never considered soy products like tofu as foods that deserved to stand on their own merits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That is, until I met \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11308\" title=\"Yuba making\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/03/Yuba-making.jpg\" alt=\"Yuba making\" width=\"259\" height=\"350\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For those of you unfamiliar with the stuff, \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> is the Japanese word for \"skin\", which is precisely what it is-- the skin that forms atop heated soy milk, much the way a skin forms atop heated cow's milk or even chocolate pudding (which is giving me ideas).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Yuba\u003c/em>-making is one of those (blessedly) rare food stuffs that cannot be produced by machine without sacrificing the texture and quality that makes it attractive in the first place. It must be plucked by hand from a heated basin of soy milk, folded, left to hang and drip dry, and then folded again. The result is silky and a little creamy, with the texture of that thin layer of scrambled egg that might coat the bottom of a non-stick pan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It is my new food crush. \u003cem>Yuba\u003c/em> can be pressed into blocks, cut into noodles, fried, eaten like sashimi, and God knows what else. Loving the texture as much as I do, I was even tempted to paper my kitchen walls with it, which would have been lovely for about a day, until it started to decompose. I look forward to playing with it some more, perhaps even making my own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And, of course, now I'm wondering if a chocolate pudding yuba would actually work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does the \u003ca href=\"http://www.yubacity.net/\">Yuba City\u003c/a> Chamber of Commerce know about this stuff? I think they might be missing a wonderful marketing opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-11309\" title=\"yuba noodles\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2010/03/yuba-noodles.jpg\" alt=\"yuba noodles\" width=\"350\" height=\"275\">\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fresh Yuba Salad\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the mean time, I'll just let the \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> tell me what it needs. Today, it told me it felt like being a salad, so I just cut it into noodle-like strips, threw in a couple of playmates, and tossed them all in a simple dressing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it's really, really good, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Serves 2.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ingredients\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2 sheets of fresh \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1/3 English cucumber, unpeeled and julienned\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2 scallions, thinly sliced up to and including as much of the dark green part as you dare\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2 tablespoons sesame oil\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1 teaspoon fish sauce\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1 teaspoon rice wine vinegar\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1 teaspoon \u003cem>tamari\u003c/em> or other Japanese soy sauce (soy, meet soy)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Black sesame seeds for garnish\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Preparation:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>1. In a small bowl, combine sesame oil, fish sauce, rice wine vinegar, and \u003cem>tamari\u003c/em>. Set aside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>2. Unfold your sheets of \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> and slice into noodles-- the wideness of which is entirely up to you. In Italian-speak, mine are slightly wider than tagliatelle. Add julienned cucumbers and sliced scallion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>3. Whisk dressing and drizzle over \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em>. Toss with hands (clean, please) and taste. Adjust seasonings, if desired. Transfer into serving dish, garnish with black sesame seeds, and consume-- fresh.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>4. Repeat as often as necessary until you get over your newly-found \u003cem>yuba\u003c/em> fetish.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/11306/yuba-city","authors":["5017"],"categories":["bayareabites_2998","bayareabites_1875","bayareabites_12"],"tags":["bayareabites_3584","bayareabites_3583","bayareabites_14738","bayareabites_3581","bayareabites_3582","bayareabites_3585","bayareabites_3580"],"label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. 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