Not Just For Foreign Foods: Fair-Trade Label Comes To U.S. Farms
Swanton Berry Farm: Bringing Justice to the Table
Coffee For A Cause: What Do Those Feel-Good Labels Deliver?
Bitter Sweet: The Price of Sugar
Michael Pollan & John Mackey
Sponsored
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And they expect more money to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approximately 130 workers of Wholesum Harvest are still deciding how to spend the money, but they say their initial priorities include subsidizing transportation, recreation areas and medical insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located just north of the Mexican border, the family-owned Wholesum Harvest is the first farm in the United States to receive certification from Fair Trade USA, which means it has demonstrated compliance with a checklist of more than 300 standards detailing working conditions and environmental protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every fair-trade purchase involves a small financial premium paid by retailers and, ultimately, consumers. As the funds from these premiums accumulate, workers receive distribution checks and organize into committees to decide how best to spend the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumers in the United States have likely seen fair-trade labels on coffee beans or cocoa grown by farmers in countries like Ethiopia or Guatemala. But fair-trade certification now covers everything from clothing to seafood, and Fair Trade USA wants to expand its labels to cover domestic operations as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the organization got started, \"the feeling was that workers and farmers in the States didn't need it,\" says Paul Rice, president of Fair Trade USA. But that sentiment is changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at Fair Trade USA expect another dozen American farms to become certified in the next year. And over the past few years, other nonprofits, such as the Agricultural Justice Project and the Equitable Food Initiative, have launched their own labeling efforts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Fair Trade USA opened its doors in 1998, the nonprofit's focus was improving pay and working conditions for farmers in countries with the fewest legal protections. By providing a standard label that indicated adherence to a clear set of ethical and environmental standards, the organization aimed to help retailers and consumers decide which products to stock or purchase. (Fair Trade USA split from the umbrella organization Fairtrade International at the end of 2011, citing the desire to certify a broader range of producers and companies as Fair Trade.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the United States has stronger labor laws and environmental safeguards than some countries, conditions for many agricultural workers are still far below Fair Trade USA's standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wholesum, which grows organic cucumbers, squash, eggplant and bell peppers in addition to tomatoes, was already fair-trade certified at its farm in Sonora, Mexico, so it was a natural step to apply for the label at its U.S. operation. It became certified in October, roughly four months after it began the lengthy process of audits and inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_116893\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2.jpg\" alt=\"Wholesum Harvest made many changes as part of its fair-trade certification, including switching to carbon-neutral pallets and working to protect an endangered species of cactus.\" width=\"960\" height=\"639\" class=\"size-full wp-image-116893\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-768x511.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wholesum Harvest made many changes as part of its fair-trade certification, including switching to carbon-neutral pallets and working to protect an endangered species of cactus. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Wholesum Harvest)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Fair trade is meant to do what laws have been unable to do,\" says Hannah La Luzerne, Wholesum's sustainability manager. The farm was voluntarily meeting many of the fair-trade standards, but she saw the label as a way to communicate the company's values with greater credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have always been central to our mission, but this is a way to show we're not just talking about it – the third-party audit is a kind of guarantee to our customers,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, what exactly the label guarantees is not always clear to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's still a big lack of understanding of what fair trade is,\" says Ricardo Crisantes, a member of the family that has owned and operated Wholesum for three generations. \"Most people associate it with something good, but they couldn't say exactly what that good is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice groups the standards into three broad categories: better working conditions, better pay and worker empowerment. They cover things like the frequency of worker breaks, wages, safety conditions, working hours, pesticide use and product packaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The certification process prompted many changes at Wholesum. The staff has established a permanent nondevelopment zone to protect an endangered species of cactus; switched to carbon-neutral pallets; spent dozens of hours interviewing workers about their needs and educating them about their rights; and invested in a record-keeping system to document their compliance with fair-trade standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The certification has given the workers additional responsibilities as well. Important decisions are voted on by the entire community of workers, and they have elected a committee to research and analyze projects they might pay for with their fair-trade premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The workers at Wholesum's Sonora location, for example, have purchased school buses to help their children get to school; built a soccer field and a tortilla factory that sells its tortillas back to the community at cost; and subsidized medical vouchers for dental and vision care. After hurricanes devastated parts of central Mexico a few years ago, the workers voted to send a sizable check to the Red Cross to help recovery in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the workers on fair-trade committees end up learning skills in accounting, project management and community organizing. \"You might have a guy who makes $18,000 a year managing a budget of $200,000,\" Crisantes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hazzany Ibarra has worked as a tomato packer at Wholesum's Arizona warehouse for five years and is now vice president of its workers' committee. He spends about five hours a week in meetings, conversations or research related to fair trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the workers have received their first check, \"I'm excited but also nervous,\" he says. \"We know we have to do things, but we don't always know how to do them yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says he wants consumers considering whether to buy a fair-trade product to understand that \"it really does mean something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a lie,\" he says. \"All of it's true – fair-trade premiums pay for projects that really matter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nick Romeo is a journalist based in Palo Alto, Calif. His work has appeared in publications including \u003c/em>The New Yorker, The Washington Post\u003cem> and \u003c/em>National Geographic\u003cem>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Since 1998, Fair Trade USA has been certifying farms overseas that met its standards for workers and the environment. Now, the group is looking closer to home, starting with an Arizona organic farm.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1492641710,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":27,"wordCount":1017},"headData":{"title":"Not Just For Foreign Foods: Fair-Trade Label Comes To U.S. Farms | KQED","description":"Since 1998, Fair Trade USA has been certifying farms overseas that met its standards for workers and the environment. Now, the group is looking closer to home, starting with an Arizona organic farm.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Not Just For Foreign Foods: Fair-Trade Label Comes To U.S. Farms","datePublished":"2017-04-19T22:41:50.000Z","dateModified":"2017-04-19T22:41:50.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"116891 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=116891","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2017/04/19/not-just-for-foreign-foods-fair-trade-label-comes-to-u-s-farms/","disqusTitle":"Not Just For Foreign Foods: Fair-Trade Label Comes To U.S. Farms","source":"Politics, Activism, Food Safety","sourceUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/category/politics-activism-food-safety/","nprByline":"Nick Romeo, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/author/nprfood/\">NPR Food\u003c/a>","nprImageAgency":"Courtesy of Wholesum Harvest","nprStoryId":"524377647","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=524377647&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/04/19/524377647/not-just-for-foreign-foods-fair-trade-label-comes-to-u-s-farms?ft=nprml&f=524377647","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2017 13:32:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2017 13:32:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 19 Apr 2017 13:32:19 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/116891/not-just-for-foreign-foods-fair-trade-label-comes-to-u-s-farms","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Workers at a tomato farm in Nogales, Ariz., got a check this month for more than $30,000. And they expect more money to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The approximately 130 workers of Wholesum Harvest are still deciding how to spend the money, but they say their initial priorities include subsidizing transportation, recreation areas and medical insurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Located just north of the Mexican border, the family-owned Wholesum Harvest is the first farm in the United States to receive certification from Fair Trade USA, which means it has demonstrated compliance with a checklist of more than 300 standards detailing working conditions and environmental protection.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Every fair-trade purchase involves a small financial premium paid by retailers and, ultimately, consumers. As the funds from these premiums accumulate, workers receive distribution checks and organize into committees to decide how best to spend the money.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumers in the United States have likely seen fair-trade labels on coffee beans or cocoa grown by farmers in countries like Ethiopia or Guatemala. But fair-trade certification now covers everything from clothing to seafood, and Fair Trade USA wants to expand its labels to cover domestic operations as well.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the organization got started, \"the feeling was that workers and farmers in the States didn't need it,\" says Paul Rice, president of Fair Trade USA. But that sentiment is changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Officials at Fair Trade USA expect another dozen American farms to become certified in the next year. And over the past few years, other nonprofits, such as the Agricultural Justice Project and the Equitable Food Initiative, have launched their own labeling efforts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Fair Trade USA opened its doors in 1998, the nonprofit's focus was improving pay and working conditions for farmers in countries with the fewest legal protections. By providing a standard label that indicated adherence to a clear set of ethical and environmental standards, the organization aimed to help retailers and consumers decide which products to stock or purchase. (Fair Trade USA split from the umbrella organization Fairtrade International at the end of 2011, citing the desire to certify a broader range of producers and companies as Fair Trade.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But while the United States has stronger labor laws and environmental safeguards than some countries, conditions for many agricultural workers are still far below Fair Trade USA's standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wholesum, which grows organic cucumbers, squash, eggplant and bell peppers in addition to tomatoes, was already fair-trade certified at its farm in Sonora, Mexico, so it was a natural step to apply for the label at its U.S. operation. It became certified in October, roughly four months after it began the lengthy process of audits and inspections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_116893\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 960px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2.jpg\" alt=\"Wholesum Harvest made many changes as part of its fair-trade certification, including switching to carbon-neutral pallets and working to protect an endangered species of cactus.\" width=\"960\" height=\"639\" class=\"size-full wp-image-116893\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-768x511.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2017/04/amado-packing-shots-62-_custom-ecbb57661a7632bb6e8695c9fbb41708af83beb2-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wholesum Harvest made many changes as part of its fair-trade certification, including switching to carbon-neutral pallets and working to protect an endangered species of cactus. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Wholesum Harvest)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Fair trade is meant to do what laws have been unable to do,\" says Hannah La Luzerne, Wholesum's sustainability manager. The farm was voluntarily meeting many of the fair-trade standards, but she saw the label as a way to communicate the company's values with greater credibility.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"People have always been central to our mission, but this is a way to show we're not just talking about it – the third-party audit is a kind of guarantee to our customers,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, what exactly the label guarantees is not always clear to consumers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's still a big lack of understanding of what fair trade is,\" says Ricardo Crisantes, a member of the family that has owned and operated Wholesum for three generations. \"Most people associate it with something good, but they couldn't say exactly what that good is.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rice groups the standards into three broad categories: better working conditions, better pay and worker empowerment. They cover things like the frequency of worker breaks, wages, safety conditions, working hours, pesticide use and product packaging.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The certification process prompted many changes at Wholesum. The staff has established a permanent nondevelopment zone to protect an endangered species of cactus; switched to carbon-neutral pallets; spent dozens of hours interviewing workers about their needs and educating them about their rights; and invested in a record-keeping system to document their compliance with fair-trade standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The certification has given the workers additional responsibilities as well. Important decisions are voted on by the entire community of workers, and they have elected a committee to research and analyze projects they might pay for with their fair-trade premiums.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The workers at Wholesum's Sonora location, for example, have purchased school buses to help their children get to school; built a soccer field and a tortilla factory that sells its tortillas back to the community at cost; and subsidized medical vouchers for dental and vision care. After hurricanes devastated parts of central Mexico a few years ago, the workers voted to send a sizable check to the Red Cross to help recovery in the region.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many of the workers on fair-trade committees end up learning skills in accounting, project management and community organizing. \"You might have a guy who makes $18,000 a year managing a budget of $200,000,\" Crisantes says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hazzany Ibarra has worked as a tomato packer at Wholesum's Arizona warehouse for five years and is now vice president of its workers' committee. He spends about five hours a week in meetings, conversations or research related to fair trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the workers have received their first check, \"I'm excited but also nervous,\" he says. \"We know we have to do things, but we don't always know how to do them yet.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he says he wants consumers considering whether to buy a fair-trade product to understand that \"it really does mean something.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It's not a lie,\" he says. \"All of it's true – fair-trade premiums pay for projects that really matter.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Nick Romeo is a journalist based in Palo Alto, Calif. His work has appeared in publications including \u003c/em>The New Yorker, The Washington Post\u003cem> and \u003c/em>National Geographic\u003cem>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cem>Copyright 2017 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\" target=\"_blank\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/116891/not-just-for-foreign-foods-fair-trade-label-comes-to-u-s-farms","authors":["byline_bayareabites_116891"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_98","bayareabites_15828","bayareabites_15266"],"featImg":"bayareabites_116892","label":"source_bayareabites_116891"},"bayareabites_78784":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_78784","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"78784","score":null,"sort":[1393971309000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"swanton-berry-farm-bringing-justice-to-the-table","title":"Swanton Berry Farm: Bringing Justice to the Table","publishDate":1393971309,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78789\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 610px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/Swanton-Berry-Farm-Family.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/Swanton-Berry-Farm-Family.jpg\" alt=\"Swanton Berry Farm Group. Photo: Courtesy of Swanton Berry Farm\" width=\"610\" height=\"401\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78789\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Swanton Berry Farm Group. Photo: Courtesy of Swanton Berry Farm\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Brie Mazurek, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/article/swanton-berry-farm-bringing-justice-table\" target=\"_blank\">CUESA \u003c/a>(2/28/2014)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/seller/swanton-berry-farm\" target=\"_blank\">Swanton Berry Farm\u003c/a> has been a leader in the sustainable food movement for more than 30 years, pushing boundaries for environmental stewardship as well as social justice. Not only were they the first organic strawberry farm in California, but they were also the first organic farm to sign a contract with the United Farm Workers, in 1998.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, Swanton Berry Farm became one of four farms in the United States to receive the A\u003ca href=\"http://agriculturaljusticeproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">gricultural Justice Project’s\u003c/a> (AJP) Food Justice Certification label, which sets rigorous standards for respectful treatment of farmworkers, living wages, safe working conditions, and collective bargaining rights. This certification has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/article/fair-deal-californias-farmworkers\" target=\"_blank\">a long time in the works\u003c/a> for Swanton, and the farm has worked closely with AJP to help them develop their protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmer Jim Cochran is deeply committed to social justice, for the people who work on his own farm and on all farms,” says AJP co-founder Elizabeth Henderson. “He has helped the Agricultural Justice Project by allowing his farm to serve as a guinea pig while we developed our program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke with Swanton co-owner Jim Cochran to learn more about this new certification and the future of the domestic fair trade movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78788\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/food_justice_certified.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/food_justice_certified.jpg\" alt=\"The Food Justice certification.\" width=\"250\" height=\"221\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78788\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Food Justice certification.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: Can you tell us about the Food Justice Certification process?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJim Cochran: The AJP looked at paperwork, talked to managers, and talked to employees when the management was not present. For those interviews, they brought along former farmworkers, so our workers could feel comfortable talking to them. A farmworker knows what probing questions to ask, so they are good at figuring out what the conditions are like. Talking to field workers about their experience is better than just asking someone like myself, because I could just be painting a rosy picture that isn’t accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the organic label, Food Justice Certification is a whole philosophy. Just as the organic method is not just about using organic inputs, but it’s also about understanding soil ecology, the farming environment, and water, it’s similar when you look at social or labor issues. You have human beings who have families and needs and wants. It’s a complex fabric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: Why do you see a need for a social justice label like this?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: In my opinion, having organic certification is only half of the equation. It gives some assurance that the farming practices are in compliance with the philosophy of organic farming, but it doesn’t address labor practices and working conditions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think labor certification is going to become increasingly important. There are many people on the farm doing the harvesting, watering, cultivating, record keeping, and other farm work that the public doesn’t see. People are concerned about whether their clothes are made under sweatshop conditions in other countries, but they’re not thinking about these issues here in the United States. This label is a step in the right direction. I’m sure there are farms that are doing a terrific job in this area, and having a certification program can provide customers with some assurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78791\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_jim.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_jim.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Cochran Photo: Chris Jackson\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78791\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Cochran Photo: Chris Jackson\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: How does this certification fit into Swanton Berry Farm’s mission and operation?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: When I started growing strawberries organically 31 years ago, there was nobody else who produced organic strawberries in California on a consistent basis. It took me 15 years to figure out how to grow the strawberries at a reasonable price, but the next step was figuring out how to improve our employee benefits packages. We’ve had the union label for 15 years or so now, and in a way, that label is a certification for us. Every year, we discuss with our employees how we do things and work on figuring out how to do things better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: What are some of the challenges Swanton and other farms face in providing such benefits for farmworkers?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: The part that’s difficult for us is the cost. Every time you hold a meeting or training for your employees, that costs money. We pay health insurance, vacation and holidays, and pension plans, which also cost a lot of money. It’s over $2 an hour in additional costs. Our labor costs are quite high, but we don’t charge any more for our fruit. Conventional growers who get twice the yield but don’t offer those benefits might charge the same price or slightly lower. We operate on a 2.5% profit margin. It hasn’t been easy. We have a very narrow margin, and we depend on the loyalty of our customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: Some farmers feel that they can’t afford to offer better wages and benefits. How have you been able to make things work on your farm?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: You have to be very efficient. That’s not easy to do when you’re growing a lot of different kinds of crops. If you’re growing mainly strawberries like we do, you ought to be able to pay for benefits. We don’t own any land. If you buy land, you probably can’t afford to pay your employees health insurance. And in my opinion, what’s the point in that? My feeling is that you need to expand slowly. It’s probably not possible to do in the first five or six years of farming, but after that you have to say to yourself, “Why am I not able to pay my people better? Maybe I need to charge more money for the crops, or drop some of the crops that don’t fit in efficiency-wise to what I’m doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In working on these issues, farmers might find that their productivity gets better. I’m about ready to give our employees another raise. With a 2.5% margin, that’s a little scary. But every time I’ve given a raise, it’s always worked out. Retention improves, and people are happier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78792\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_union.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_union.jpg\" alt=\"A Swanton Berry union sign. Photo: CUESA\" width=\"250\" height=\"170\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78792\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Swanton Berry union sign. Photo: CUESA\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: How can eaters and farmers contribute to this movement for better labor conditions?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: Support us at the market! The prices we get at Ferry Plaza and other farmers markets are good prices, and that’s really what makes it possible for us to pay the health insurance and other benefits. Customers shouldn’t have to eat bad strawberries in order to support good labor practices, so we try to produce a superior product. It works out for everyone in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s only in the last two or three years that you hear people talking about worker issues more, and I’m happy for it. I hope that raising awareness will spark some other farmers to start thinking about them as well. I’d be happy to talk to any farmer who wants to give me a call and ask me about our practices. Our purpose in going through this program is not to highlight ourselves as better than other farms but to get the ball rolling on something that we hope becomes more widely adopted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can support Swanton Berry Farm at the Saturday market. Look for their strawberries in the coming weeks.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Earlier this month, Swanton Berry Farm became one of four farms in the country to receive the Food Justice Certification label. Learn more about what that certification means and why it's been years in the works.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1393951617,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":18,"wordCount":1260},"headData":{"title":"Swanton Berry Farm: Bringing Justice to the Table | KQED","description":"Earlier this month, Swanton Berry Farm became one of four farms in the country to receive the Food Justice Certification label. Learn more about what that certification means and why it's been years in the works.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Swanton Berry Farm: Bringing Justice to the Table","datePublished":"2014-03-04T22:15:09.000Z","dateModified":"2014-03-04T16:46:57.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"78784 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=78784","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2014/03/04/swanton-berry-farm-bringing-justice-to-the-table/","disqusTitle":"Swanton Berry Farm: Bringing Justice to the Table","path":"/bayareabites/78784/swanton-berry-farm-bringing-justice-to-the-table","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78789\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 610px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/Swanton-Berry-Farm-Family.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/Swanton-Berry-Farm-Family.jpg\" alt=\"Swanton Berry Farm Group. Photo: Courtesy of Swanton Berry Farm\" width=\"610\" height=\"401\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78789\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Swanton Berry Farm Group. Photo: Courtesy of Swanton Berry Farm\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Post by Brie Mazurek, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/article/swanton-berry-farm-bringing-justice-table\" target=\"_blank\">CUESA \u003c/a>(2/28/2014)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/seller/swanton-berry-farm\" target=\"_blank\">Swanton Berry Farm\u003c/a> has been a leader in the sustainable food movement for more than 30 years, pushing boundaries for environmental stewardship as well as social justice. Not only were they the first organic strawberry farm in California, but they were also the first organic farm to sign a contract with the United Farm Workers, in 1998.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This month, Swanton Berry Farm became one of four farms in the United States to receive the A\u003ca href=\"http://agriculturaljusticeproject.org/\" target=\"_blank\">gricultural Justice Project’s\u003c/a> (AJP) Food Justice Certification label, which sets rigorous standards for respectful treatment of farmworkers, living wages, safe working conditions, and collective bargaining rights. This certification has been \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/article/fair-deal-californias-farmworkers\" target=\"_blank\">a long time in the works\u003c/a> for Swanton, and the farm has worked closely with AJP to help them develop their protocols.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Farmer Jim Cochran is deeply committed to social justice, for the people who work on his own farm and on all farms,” says AJP co-founder Elizabeth Henderson. “He has helped the Agricultural Justice Project by allowing his farm to serve as a guinea pig while we developed our program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We spoke with Swanton co-owner Jim Cochran to learn more about this new certification and the future of the domestic fair trade movement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78788\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/food_justice_certified.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/food_justice_certified.jpg\" alt=\"The Food Justice certification.\" width=\"250\" height=\"221\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78788\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Food Justice certification.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: Can you tell us about the Food Justice Certification process?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJim Cochran: The AJP looked at paperwork, talked to managers, and talked to employees when the management was not present. For those interviews, they brought along former farmworkers, so our workers could feel comfortable talking to them. A farmworker knows what probing questions to ask, so they are good at figuring out what the conditions are like. Talking to field workers about their experience is better than just asking someone like myself, because I could just be painting a rosy picture that isn’t accurate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As with the organic label, Food Justice Certification is a whole philosophy. Just as the organic method is not just about using organic inputs, but it’s also about understanding soil ecology, the farming environment, and water, it’s similar when you look at social or labor issues. You have human beings who have families and needs and wants. It’s a complex fabric.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: Why do you see a need for a social justice label like this?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: In my opinion, having organic certification is only half of the equation. It gives some assurance that the farming practices are in compliance with the philosophy of organic farming, but it doesn’t address labor practices and working conditions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think labor certification is going to become increasingly important. There are many people on the farm doing the harvesting, watering, cultivating, record keeping, and other farm work that the public doesn’t see. People are concerned about whether their clothes are made under sweatshop conditions in other countries, but they’re not thinking about these issues here in the United States. This label is a step in the right direction. I’m sure there are farms that are doing a terrific job in this area, and having a certification program can provide customers with some assurance.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78791\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_jim.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_jim.jpg\" alt=\"Jim Cochran Photo: Chris Jackson\" width=\"250\" height=\"250\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78791\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jim Cochran Photo: Chris Jackson\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: How does this certification fit into Swanton Berry Farm’s mission and operation?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: When I started growing strawberries organically 31 years ago, there was nobody else who produced organic strawberries in California on a consistent basis. It took me 15 years to figure out how to grow the strawberries at a reasonable price, but the next step was figuring out how to improve our employee benefits packages. We’ve had the union label for 15 years or so now, and in a way, that label is a certification for us. Every year, we discuss with our employees how we do things and work on figuring out how to do things better.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: What are some of the challenges Swanton and other farms face in providing such benefits for farmworkers?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: The part that’s difficult for us is the cost. Every time you hold a meeting or training for your employees, that costs money. We pay health insurance, vacation and holidays, and pension plans, which also cost a lot of money. It’s over $2 an hour in additional costs. Our labor costs are quite high, but we don’t charge any more for our fruit. Conventional growers who get twice the yield but don’t offer those benefits might charge the same price or slightly lower. We operate on a 2.5% profit margin. It hasn’t been easy. We have a very narrow margin, and we depend on the loyalty of our customers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: Some farmers feel that they can’t afford to offer better wages and benefits. How have you been able to make things work on your farm?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: You have to be very efficient. That’s not easy to do when you’re growing a lot of different kinds of crops. If you’re growing mainly strawberries like we do, you ought to be able to pay for benefits. We don’t own any land. If you buy land, you probably can’t afford to pay your employees health insurance. And in my opinion, what’s the point in that? My feeling is that you need to expand slowly. It’s probably not possible to do in the first five or six years of farming, but after that you have to say to yourself, “Why am I not able to pay my people better? Maybe I need to charge more money for the crops, or drop some of the crops that don’t fit in efficiency-wise to what I’m doing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In working on these issues, farmers might find that their productivity gets better. I’m about ready to give our employees another raise. With a 2.5% margin, that’s a little scary. But every time I’ve given a raise, it’s always worked out. Retention improves, and people are happier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_78792\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 250px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_union.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2014/03/swanton_berry_union.jpg\" alt=\"A Swanton Berry union sign. Photo: CUESA\" width=\"250\" height=\"170\" class=\"size-full wp-image-78792\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Swanton Berry union sign. Photo: CUESA\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>CUESA: How can eaters and farmers contribute to this movement for better labor conditions?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJC: Support us at the market! The prices we get at Ferry Plaza and other farmers markets are good prices, and that’s really what makes it possible for us to pay the health insurance and other benefits. Customers shouldn’t have to eat bad strawberries in order to support good labor practices, so we try to produce a superior product. It works out for everyone in the long run.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s only in the last two or three years that you hear people talking about worker issues more, and I’m happy for it. I hope that raising awareness will spark some other farmers to start thinking about them as well. I’d be happy to talk to any farmer who wants to give me a call and ask me about our practices. Our purpose in going through this program is not to highlight ourselves as better than other farms but to get the ball rolling on something that we hope becomes more widely adopted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>You can support Swanton Berry Farm at the Saturday market. Look for their strawberries in the coming weeks.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/78784/swanton-berry-farm-bringing-justice-to-the-table","authors":["5484"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_12276","bayareabites_1962","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_95","bayareabites_2035"],"tags":["bayareabites_13122","bayareabites_98","bayareabites_2722","bayareabites_2161"],"featImg":"bayareabites_78789","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_60587":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_60587","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"60587","score":null,"sort":[1366823452000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver","title":"Coffee For A Cause: What Do Those Feel-Good Labels Deliver?","publishDate":1366823452,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee1-1024x675.jpg\" alt=\"Luis Fernando Vasquez has been a coffee farmer in the central valley of Costa Rica his entire life. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"675\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60614\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luis Fernando Vasquez has been a coffee farmer in the central valley of Costa Rica his entire life. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/04/24/177757797/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> [audio src=\"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/04/20130424_me_03.mp3\"] \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/04/24/177757797/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (4/24/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does it take to find guilt-free coffee?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of our coffee comes from places where the environment is endangered and workers earn very little — sometimes, just a few dollars for a whole day's work. Coffee farmers have helped cut down tropical forests, and most of them use pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't take much effort, though, to find bags of coffee with labels that promise social and environmental improvements. Among the best-known are \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairtrade.net/\">Fairtrade\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/agriculture/certification\">Rain Forest Alliance Certified\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I went to Costa Rica to find out what those labels mean and how well they deliver on their promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I visited, for example, a hillside in the country's central valley, near the town of San Ramon, where Luis Fernando Vasquez grows coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasquez loves showing off his farm, which also produces bananas and honey. He's lived here his whole life and learned to grow coffee from his father. But in the past few years, he says, he's changed the way he farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee2-1024x574.jpg\" alt=\"Luis Fernando Vasquez's coffee farm in Costa Rica. Vasquez says farmers have changed their methods in recent years. Where they once would cut down trees, he says, "now we are coming to understand that the tree plays a role" in a healthy coffee plant ecosystem. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60615\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luis Fernando Vasquez's coffee farm in Costa Rica. Vasquez says farmers have changed their methods in recent years. Where they once would cut down trees, he says, \"now we are coming to understand that the tree plays a role\" in a healthy coffee plant ecosystem. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Before, a tree used to be an obstacle, and we'd just cut it down,\" he says. \"Now, we are coming to understand that the tree plays a role, and it can coexist with our commercial coffee plantation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coffee plants that grow in the shade of trees produce fewer beans, but many people say those beans taste better. In addition, trees help reduce soil erosion and provide a home for wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasquez points at the ground, which is covered by a layer of dead, decaying leaves. \"We used to pick all that up, bring it to one central point on the farm and then set it on fire,\" he says. \"But now I know that if I leave it there, it will actually help improve soil fertility.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There also have been changes that I can't see: He's using fewer pesticides and recycling his trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasquez is enthusiastic about these changes, but they were not originally his idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're the result of a long chain of decisions reaching all to way back to American consumers contemplating their many coffee options in the local Stop & Shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several people who are part of that chain are also with me here on the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60621\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\" alt=\"Fair Trade? Rainforest Alliance? What's In A Coffee Certification\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60621\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fair Trade? Rainforest Alliance? What's In A Coffee Certification\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>Learn More About the Different Coffee Certifications Below\u003c/strong>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>First, there's Sergio Gurdian, who works for \u003ca href=\"http://www.ecomtrading.com/en/our-products/coffee/about-ecom-coffee-113.html\">ECOM Trading\u003c/a>, the second-biggest coffee trader in the world. ECOM buys beans from farmers and sells them to big companies like Starbucks or Nestle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gurdian and his colleagues went to Vasquez and persuaded him to change his farming practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? \"I think that the world is changing right now,\" says Gurdian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be specific, one of ECOM's big customers is changing. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nespresso.com/us/en/home\">Nespresso\u003c/a>, a coffee business owned by Nestle, has decided that it wants most of its coffee to carry a particular label: Rainforest Alliance Certified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/\">Rainforest Alliance\u003c/a>, the environmental group behind this label, has a whole set of rules for farmers, called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/agriculture/standards\">Sustainable Agriculture Standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ECOM took on the job of getting farmers onboard. \"We said, 'OK, it's time to show the producers that sustainability is OK, and that we can offer lots of benefits, not only for them, the producers, but also for their farms,\" says Gurdian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also a small financial incentive. Now that Vasquez, the farmer, is Rainforest Alliance Certified, he gets about 15 cents more for each pound of coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of farmers like him is growing. According to Rainforest Alliance, 4.5 percent of all coffee produced in 2012 came from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms. That's a 45 percent increase over 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other labels, of course: fair trade; organic; direct trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these labels promise slightly different things, and every promise involves some compromises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance: Rainforest Alliance runs a relatively strict system, with independent auditors who inspect farms at random. If the auditors find prohibited pesticides, or workers earning less than the minimum wage, that farm can lose its certification. Sometimes, a whole group of neighboring farms also can be decertified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may be glad to know that the program has teeth. On the other hand, those rules shut out many of the smallest, poorest farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emilia Umaña, who also helps farmers get Rainforest Alliance certification, says the rules ask for things that are too expensive for many small farmers to buy — like special showers for workers to use after applying pesticides. \"One of the biggest flaws in the system is that they use the same rule book, worldwide, for every type of producer in every company,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're specifically interested in helping small farmers, maybe you should look for fair trade coffee. Its whole focus is small coffee producers. Traditionally, all fair trade coffee has come from cooperatives of small producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee4.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee4-1024x574.jpg\" alt=\"Christian Mora is the general manager of AFAORCA, a fair trade coffee cooperative in Costa Rica. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60617\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Mora is the general manager of AFAORCA, a fair trade coffee cooperative in Costa Rica. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christian Mora is general manager of one of these co-ops, called \u003ca href=\"http://afaorca.com/online/modules/info/\">AFAORCA\u003c/a>, in Costa Rica. It has just 24 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get fair trade certification, he says, you have to show a fair trade organization that your cooperative keeps an honest set of books, that it operates democratically, and that it treats workers fairly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They come in and interview people who work in the coffee fields, and they make sure that salaries are fair, and that labor rights are respected, according to the law,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once certified, the cooperative gets 20 cents extra for every pound of fair trade coffee that it sells. The cooperative then decides how to spend that \"social premium.\" It could pass the money on to its members, or do something else with it, such as improve a local school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are compromises with fair trade, too. It doesn't deal with environmental practices on the farms, and some buyers complain that fair trade coffee isn't always good-quality coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, in fact, the fair trade movement is going through a \u003ca href=\"http://www.marcgunther.com/a-schism-over-fair-trade/\">bitter split\u003c/a>. One group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairtradeusa.org/\">Fair Trade USA\u003c/a>, wants to \u003ca href=\"http://international.cgdev.org/publication/my-fair-trade-coffee-really-fair-trends-and-challenges-fair-trade-certification\">expand\u003c/a> the label so it can include coffee from individual farmers — even big estates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mora isn't happy about this expanded definition of fair trade. \"It could be a problem, because the goal of the label gets lost, and it becomes more of a marketing tool for big businesses, and just makes it easier for them to sell their product,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tension — between trying to be a real alternative to the mainstream and joining the mainstream — comes up all the time in these certification schemes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The toughest environmental certification is probably one called \u003ca href=\"http://nationalzoo.si.edu/scbi/migratorybirds/coffee/\">Smithsonian Bird Friendly coffee\u003c/a>. This coffee is grown organically, with no manufactured fertilizer or pesticides, in fields that also contain 10 different kinds of shade trees. Only a few farmers, though, are willing to grow coffee this way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee5.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee5-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"Angelina Zuñiga Godinez and Fanny Cordero Mora grow coffee for Coopetarrazu, one of Costa Rica's largest coffee cooperatives. These bags of coffee are labeled with the towns where they are grow. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60618\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Angelina Zuñiga Godinez and Fanny Cordero Mora grow coffee for Coopetarrazu, one of Costa Rica's largest coffee cooperatives. These bags of coffee are labeled with the towns where they are grow. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the other end of the spectrum, Starbucks runs a really big \u003ca href=\"http://www.starbucks.com/responsibility/sourcing/coffee\">program\u003c/a> called C.A.F.E. Practices (Coffee and Farmer Equity Practices). Like Rainforest Alliance certification, this scheme includes both environmental and social standards, but the Starbucks audits aren't really tests that a farmer can flunk. They're more like counseling sessions. If farmers are doing something wrong, Starbucks will tell them how to improve, but it still buys their coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet for all their differences and compromises, coffee producers in Costa Rica say these certification systems, collectively, have had a real impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Rivera Chavarria, general manager of one of the country's largest cooperatives, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafetarrazu.com/\">Coopetarrazu\u003c/a>, says certifications all helped farmers to hear what consumers wanted, much more directly than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These programs allowed his producers to \"rediscover quality coffee,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coopetarrazu sells coffee under the fair trade label. In addition, some of its farmers are Rainforest Alliance Certified, and the co-op sells a lot of coffee to Starbucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the co-op is experimenting with \"direct trade.\" It's selling small lots of coffee from particular villages to roasters who can pass along the story of that coffee, and that village, to consumers who want to know even more about the sources of their coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What's In A Certification?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Organic\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee6.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee6.png\" alt=\"USDA Organic - USDA.gov\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60619\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Regulates growing methods, prohibiting GMO seeds and synthetic substances\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Forty countries carry organic coffee farms, with the first certified in 1967\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Averages a $0.255/lb increase in market price for coffee producers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>298 million pounds organic coffee grown in 2010\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fair Trade International\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee7.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee7.png\" alt=\"Fairtrade International - Fairtrade.net\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60620\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Seeks to increase welfare for small farmers and communities\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Guarantees a minimum market price plus 10- to 20-cent premium per pound\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Premium is paid to cooperatives to either distribute to farmers or use for community development projects\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>790 million pounds grown in 2010\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rainforest Alliance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\" alt=\"Rainforest Alliance\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60621\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Emphasizes sustainability in social, environmental, economic and ethical areas\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Developed in early 1990s\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recently gained the support of major buyers including McDonalds and Nespresso\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Expanded from 197 million pounds grown in 2007 to 827 million pounds in 2012\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cstrong>Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center 'Bird Friendly'\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee9.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee9.jpg\" alt=\"Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60622\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Promotes biodiversity through the planting of trees for habitat and shade cover\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Requires organic certification and the use of specific trees\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Certification can lead to a 5- to 10-cent premium over organic coffee prices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>One of the smallest certification programs, with approximately 10.4 million pounds of coffee sold in 2011\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Starbucks Coffee And Farmer Equity 'CAFE'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee10.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee10.png\" alt=\"Starbucks\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60613\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Verification criteria developed over past 14 years with Conservation International\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Evaluates workers' rights, benefits, environmental protection and sustainability\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Starbucks aims for 100 percent-certified coffee supply by 2015\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In 2012, 90 percent of supply — approximately 491 million pounds — was from CAFE-verified farms\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It doesn't take much effort to find bags of coffee with labels that promise social and environmental improvements. But each one of these certification programs promises something different for the farmer and the land — and every promise involves some compromises.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1366823452,"stats":{"hasAudio":true,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":54,"wordCount":1765},"headData":{"title":"Coffee For A Cause: What Do Those Feel-Good Labels Deliver? | KQED","description":"It doesn't take much effort to find bags of coffee with labels that promise social and environmental improvements. But each one of these certification programs promises something different for the farmer and the land — and every promise involves some compromises.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Coffee For A Cause: What Do Those Feel-Good Labels Deliver?","datePublished":"2013-04-24T17:10:52.000Z","dateModified":"2013-04-24T17:10:52.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"60587 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=60587","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2013/04/24/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver/","disqusTitle":"Coffee For A Cause: What Do Those Feel-Good Labels Deliver?","nprByline":"Dan Charles","nprStoryId":"177757797","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=177757797&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/04/24/177757797/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver?ft=3&f=177757797","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 24 Apr 2013 09:13:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 24 Apr 2013 04:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 24 Apr 2013 11:34:18 -0400","nprAudio":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/04/20130424_me_03.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=177757797","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1178675978-ec3e50.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=177757797","path":"/bayareabites/60587/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver","audioUrl":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/04/20130424_me_03.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1053&ft=3&f=177757797","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60614\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee1.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee1-1024x675.jpg\" alt=\"Luis Fernando Vasquez has been a coffee farmer in the central valley of Costa Rica his entire life. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"675\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60614\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luis Fernando Vasquez has been a coffee farmer in the central valley of Costa Rica his entire life. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Listen to the Story\u003c/strong> on \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/04/24/177757797/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver\">Morning Edition\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"audio","attributes":{"named":{"src":"http://pd.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/me/2013/04/20130424_me_03.mp3","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Post by \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/people/143160021/daniel-charles\">Dan Charles\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/blogs/thesalt/2013/04/24/177757797/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver\">The Salt at NPR Food\u003c/a> (4/24/13)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What does it take to find guilt-free coffee?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much of our coffee comes from places where the environment is endangered and workers earn very little — sometimes, just a few dollars for a whole day's work. Coffee farmers have helped cut down tropical forests, and most of them use pesticides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It doesn't take much effort, though, to find bags of coffee with labels that promise social and environmental improvements. Among the best-known are \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairtrade.net/\">Fairtrade\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/agriculture/certification\">Rain Forest Alliance Certified\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I went to Costa Rica to find out what those labels mean and how well they deliver on their promises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I visited, for example, a hillside in the country's central valley, near the town of San Ramon, where Luis Fernando Vasquez grows coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasquez loves showing off his farm, which also produces bananas and honey. He's lived here his whole life and learned to grow coffee from his father. But in the past few years, he says, he's changed the way he farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee2.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee2-1024x574.jpg\" alt=\"Luis Fernando Vasquez's coffee farm in Costa Rica. Vasquez says farmers have changed their methods in recent years. Where they once would cut down trees, he says, "now we are coming to understand that the tree plays a role" in a healthy coffee plant ecosystem. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60615\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luis Fernando Vasquez's coffee farm in Costa Rica. Vasquez says farmers have changed their methods in recent years. Where they once would cut down trees, he says, \"now we are coming to understand that the tree plays a role\" in a healthy coffee plant ecosystem. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"Before, a tree used to be an obstacle, and we'd just cut it down,\" he says. \"Now, we are coming to understand that the tree plays a role, and it can coexist with our commercial coffee plantation.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coffee plants that grow in the shade of trees produce fewer beans, but many people say those beans taste better. In addition, trees help reduce soil erosion and provide a home for wildlife.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasquez points at the ground, which is covered by a layer of dead, decaying leaves. \"We used to pick all that up, bring it to one central point on the farm and then set it on fire,\" he says. \"But now I know that if I leave it there, it will actually help improve soil fertility.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There also have been changes that I can't see: He's using fewer pesticides and recycling his trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vasquez is enthusiastic about these changes, but they were not originally his idea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They're the result of a long chain of decisions reaching all to way back to American consumers contemplating their many coffee options in the local Stop & Shop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several people who are part of that chain are also with me here on the farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60621\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 200px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\" alt=\"Fair Trade? Rainforest Alliance? What's In A Coffee Certification\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60621\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fair Trade? Rainforest Alliance? What's In A Coffee Certification\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>Learn More About the Different Coffee Certifications Below\u003c/strong>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>First, there's Sergio Gurdian, who works for \u003ca href=\"http://www.ecomtrading.com/en/our-products/coffee/about-ecom-coffee-113.html\">ECOM Trading\u003c/a>, the second-biggest coffee trader in the world. ECOM buys beans from farmers and sells them to big companies like Starbucks or Nestle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gurdian and his colleagues went to Vasquez and persuaded him to change his farming practices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? \"I think that the world is changing right now,\" says Gurdian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To be specific, one of ECOM's big customers is changing. \u003ca href=\"http://www.nespresso.com/us/en/home\">Nespresso\u003c/a>, a coffee business owned by Nestle, has decided that it wants most of its coffee to carry a particular label: Rainforest Alliance Certified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And \u003ca href=\"http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/\">Rainforest Alliance\u003c/a>, the environmental group behind this label, has a whole set of rules for farmers, called the \u003ca href=\"http://www.rainforest-alliance.org/agriculture/standards\">Sustainable Agriculture Standard\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ECOM took on the job of getting farmers onboard. \"We said, 'OK, it's time to show the producers that sustainability is OK, and that we can offer lots of benefits, not only for them, the producers, but also for their farms,\" says Gurdian.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was also a small financial incentive. Now that Vasquez, the farmer, is Rainforest Alliance Certified, he gets about 15 cents more for each pound of coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of farmers like him is growing. According to Rainforest Alliance, 4.5 percent of all coffee produced in 2012 came from Rainforest Alliance Certified farms. That's a 45 percent increase over 2011.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are other labels, of course: fair trade; organic; direct trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of these labels promise slightly different things, and every promise involves some compromises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For instance: Rainforest Alliance runs a relatively strict system, with independent auditors who inspect farms at random. If the auditors find prohibited pesticides, or workers earning less than the minimum wage, that farm can lose its certification. Sometimes, a whole group of neighboring farms also can be decertified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You may be glad to know that the program has teeth. On the other hand, those rules shut out many of the smallest, poorest farmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Emilia Umaña, who also helps farmers get Rainforest Alliance certification, says the rules ask for things that are too expensive for many small farmers to buy — like special showers for workers to use after applying pesticides. \"One of the biggest flaws in the system is that they use the same rule book, worldwide, for every type of producer in every company,\" she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're specifically interested in helping small farmers, maybe you should look for fair trade coffee. Its whole focus is small coffee producers. Traditionally, all fair trade coffee has come from cooperatives of small producers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60617\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee4.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee4-1024x574.jpg\" alt=\"Christian Mora is the general manager of AFAORCA, a fair trade coffee cooperative in Costa Rica. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"574\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60617\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Christian Mora is the general manager of AFAORCA, a fair trade coffee cooperative in Costa Rica. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Christian Mora is general manager of one of these co-ops, called \u003ca href=\"http://afaorca.com/online/modules/info/\">AFAORCA\u003c/a>, in Costa Rica. It has just 24 members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To get fair trade certification, he says, you have to show a fair trade organization that your cooperative keeps an honest set of books, that it operates democratically, and that it treats workers fairly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"They come in and interview people who work in the coffee fields, and they make sure that salaries are fair, and that labor rights are respected, according to the law,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once certified, the cooperative gets 20 cents extra for every pound of fair trade coffee that it sells. The cooperative then decides how to spend that \"social premium.\" It could pass the money on to its members, or do something else with it, such as improve a local school.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there are compromises with fair trade, too. It doesn't deal with environmental practices on the farms, and some buyers complain that fair trade coffee isn't always good-quality coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, in fact, the fair trade movement is going through a \u003ca href=\"http://www.marcgunther.com/a-schism-over-fair-trade/\">bitter split\u003c/a>. One group, \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairtradeusa.org/\">Fair Trade USA\u003c/a>, wants to \u003ca href=\"http://international.cgdev.org/publication/my-fair-trade-coffee-really-fair-trends-and-challenges-fair-trade-certification\">expand\u003c/a> the label so it can include coffee from individual farmers — even big estates.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mora isn't happy about this expanded definition of fair trade. \"It could be a problem, because the goal of the label gets lost, and it becomes more of a marketing tool for big businesses, and just makes it easier for them to sell their product,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This tension — between trying to be a real alternative to the mainstream and joining the mainstream — comes up all the time in these certification schemes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The toughest environmental certification is probably one called \u003ca href=\"http://nationalzoo.si.edu/scbi/migratorybirds/coffee/\">Smithsonian Bird Friendly coffee\u003c/a>. This coffee is grown organically, with no manufactured fertilizer or pesticides, in fields that also contain 10 different kinds of shade trees. Only a few farmers, though, are willing to grow coffee this way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_60618\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1024px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee5.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee5-1024x681.jpg\" alt=\"Angelina Zuñiga Godinez and Fanny Cordero Mora grow coffee for Coopetarrazu, one of Costa Rica's largest coffee cooperatives. These bags of coffee are labeled with the towns where they are grow. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\" width=\"1024\" height=\"681\" class=\"size-large wp-image-60618\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Angelina Zuñiga Godinez and Fanny Cordero Mora grow coffee for Coopetarrazu, one of Costa Rica's largest coffee cooperatives. These bags of coffee are labeled with the towns where they are grow. Photo: Dan Charles/NPR\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>On the other end of the spectrum, Starbucks runs a really big \u003ca href=\"http://www.starbucks.com/responsibility/sourcing/coffee\">program\u003c/a> called C.A.F.E. Practices (Coffee and Farmer Equity Practices). Like Rainforest Alliance certification, this scheme includes both environmental and social standards, but the Starbucks audits aren't really tests that a farmer can flunk. They're more like counseling sessions. If farmers are doing something wrong, Starbucks will tell them how to improve, but it still buys their coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet for all their differences and compromises, coffee producers in Costa Rica say these certification systems, collectively, have had a real impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Rivera Chavarria, general manager of one of the country's largest cooperatives, \u003ca href=\"http://www.cafetarrazu.com/\">Coopetarrazu\u003c/a>, says certifications all helped farmers to hear what consumers wanted, much more directly than ever before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These programs allowed his producers to \"rediscover quality coffee,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Coopetarrazu sells coffee under the fair trade label. In addition, some of its farmers are Rainforest Alliance Certified, and the co-op sells a lot of coffee to Starbucks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now the co-op is experimenting with \"direct trade.\" It's selling small lots of coffee from particular villages to roasters who can pass along the story of that coffee, and that village, to consumers who want to know even more about the sources of their coffee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>What's In A Certification?\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Organic\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee6.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee6.png\" alt=\"USDA Organic - USDA.gov\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60619\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Regulates growing methods, prohibiting GMO seeds and synthetic substances\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Forty countries carry organic coffee farms, with the first certified in 1967\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Averages a $0.255/lb increase in market price for coffee producers\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>298 million pounds organic coffee grown in 2010\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Fair Trade International\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\n\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee7.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee7.png\" alt=\"Fairtrade International - Fairtrade.net\" width=\"200\" class=\"size-full wp-image-60620\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Seeks to increase welfare for small farmers and communities\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Guarantees a minimum market price plus 10- to 20-cent premium per pound\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Premium is paid to cooperatives to either distribute to farmers or use for community development projects\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>790 million pounds grown in 2010\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Rainforest Alliance\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee8.png\" alt=\"Rainforest Alliance\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60621\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Emphasizes sustainability in social, environmental, economic and ethical areas\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Developed in early 1990s\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Recently gained the support of major buyers including McDonalds and Nespresso\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Expanded from 197 million pounds grown in 2007 to 827 million pounds in 2012\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cstrong>Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center 'Bird Friendly'\u003c/strong>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee9.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee9.jpg\" alt=\"Smithsonian Migratory Bird Center\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60622\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Promotes biodiversity through the planting of trees for habitat and shade cover\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Requires organic certification and the use of specific trees\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Certification can lead to a 5- to 10-cent premium over organic coffee prices\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>One of the smallest certification programs, with approximately 10.4 million pounds of coffee sold in 2011\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Starbucks Coffee And Farmer Equity 'CAFE'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee10.png\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2013/04/coffee10.png\" alt=\"Starbucks\" width=\"200\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-60613\">\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Verification criteria developed over past 14 years with Conservation International\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Evaluates workers' rights, benefits, environmental protection and sustainability\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Starbucks aims for 100 percent-certified coffee supply by 2015\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>In 2012, 90 percent of supply — approximately 491 million pounds — was from CAFE-verified farms\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Copyright 2013 \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/\">NPR\u003c/a>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/60587/coffee-for-a-cause-what-do-those-feel-good-labels-deliver","authors":["byline_bayareabites_60587"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_34","bayareabites_60","bayareabites_1248"],"tags":["bayareabites_11609","bayareabites_125","bayareabites_11606","bayareabites_98","bayareabites_11607","bayareabites_11272","bayareabites_11610","bayareabites_11608"],"featImg":"bayareabites_60594","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_772":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_772","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"772","score":null,"sort":[1194099420000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bitter-sweet-the-price-of-sugar","title":"Bitter Sweet: The Price of Sugar","publishDate":1194099420,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>In London's Victoria and Albert Museum is a small, silver sugar bowl from the late 1700s, complete with a tiny latch for a tiny lock. The mistress of the house would have kept the key herself, as sugar was far too precious to leave unprotected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, sugar flows freely at every table. No longer spice or medicine, no more exotic or expensive than salt or pepper or clear tap water, sugar is now a basic and powerful commodity. It rarely concerns anyone who's not worried about calories, insulin or childrens' attention spans. With corn syrup currently wearing the black hat and ethanol a favorite of politicians, cane sugar has suddenly been rehabilitated. What sugar blues? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bill Haney and his documentary, \u003ca href=\"http://www.thepriceofsugar.com/trailer.shtml\">\u003cstrong>\u003ci>The Price of Sugar\u003c/i>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> (opening this weekend at the Opera Plaza Cinema) are here to show us exactly what it takes to bring us that stuff of sweetness. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know, you're already rolling your eyes or reaching for your mouse. Who wants to add sugar to the growing list of politicized food? Chocolate, coffee, corn, every fish and fowl and four-legged creature under the sun, and now this? Is nothing safe for the conscientious eater to enjoy?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it makes you feel any better, know that centuries ago, cooks and diners were wrestling with these very same issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\"EAST INDIA SUGAR not made by SLAVES\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1791, abolitionists in the United Kingdom declared a boycott on sugar from the West Indies, where sugar plantations flourished with the help of the burgeoning slave economy. Diaries from the period mention how troublesome it was to entertain guests who were boycotting sugar, while \u003ci>Punch\u003c/i> cartoonists poked fun at \"anti-saccharrite\" families that refused to offer sugar at teatime. There were valiant attempts to hold awareness-raising bake sales with cakes and cookies prepared without sugar or else only with sugar from India. (Thanksgiving cooks everywhere can empathize--how to fit the tofu next to the turkey?)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An ambitious little pamphlet, \"Address to the People of Great Britain on the Utility of Refraining from the Use of West Indian Sugar and Rum,\" written by Thomas Clarkson, set a publishing record for the time: 50,000 copies were distributed in the UK in only four months. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg>\u003cbr>\u003ci>On the back of this anti-slave sugar bowl: \"East India Sugar not made By Slaves. By Six families using East India, instead of West India Sugar, one Slave less is required.\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slave-free sugar movement faced much greater opposition in the US, where rum was filling the new nation's coffers. While Clarkson and his followers helped turn the tide against slave labor in the UK (an estimated 300,000 British families boycotted West Indies sugar) American abolitionists had another century of fighting before slavery was outlawed in the US.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the problem: Slave labor is not a thing of the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ships no longer ply the Middle Passage, but we still have human trafficking in containers and vans. If trapping entire families on plantation land to work their whole lives, guarding them with rifles day and night, stringing barbed wire over their ceilings so they can't escape, paying with vouchers for the company store or not bothering to pay at all, and enjoying the full support of governments do not all add up to institutional bondage -- or slavery -- then someone needs to rewrite the dictionaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the US, the major sugar-cane states are Florida, Louisiana and Texas. A long-growing crop with intensive irrigation requirements, heavy chemical inputs and back-breaking, hand-maiming occupational risks, sugar cane is not an easy crop to grow. Increasingly, American growers depend on a mechanized harvest (especially after a lawsuit was filed in the mid-1990s demanding that companies pay their guest workers the contracted $5.70 a ton rather than merely $3.70 a ton.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, environmental devastation is still a serious issue. As sugar cane is re-framed by politicians and growers as an eco-friendly source of energy here in California, we need to keep a closer watch on the discussion. Close ties to Washington help big sugar companies maintain generous subsidies, while import restrictions keep domestic sugar cane prices artificially high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So yes, there's still a long way to go. Luckily for us, courageous and determined individuals continue to lead the way. Person by person, family by family, nation by nation...changes will happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>THE PRICE OF SUGAR\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>Directed by Bill Haney\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://www.landmarktheatres.com/Market/SanFrancisco/SanFrancisco_Frameset.htm\">\u003cstrong>Landmark's Opera Plaza\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>601 Van Ness Avenue\u003cbr>(415) 267-4893\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> The documentary really should be titled \"The Life and Work of Father Christopher Hartley\" since this Catholic priest, who compares himself to Mother Theresa, stars in the film. Father Hartley fought for years to improve the horrendous living and working conditions of undocumented Haitians on the sugar plantations of the Vincini family, powerful players in the Dominican Republic. The family has tried \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/la-et-sugar19oct19,0,3021810.story?coll=la-tot-entertainment\">\u003cstrong>blocking the release of the film\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>, and both the crusading priest and the director have received death threats. The film depends more on slow motion and plaintive music than data or historical context to make its points. In the end, though, I came away with an understanding of the human side -- both the good and the bad -- of this complex issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SMALL STEPS TO GOOD SUGAR\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no easy answers. The US produces 80% of the sugar it consumes, so international free-trade sugar, already a small fraction of the industry, is just one part of the solution. Domestic sugar's impact on ecosystems, energy production, public health and political power are other important considerations. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Awareness and education\u003c/strong> are the first steps. Seeing the above documentary is one way to begin. There are many resources on the internet for anyone curious and committed. I've included a few links at the end of this post for those who'd like to read more. Taking on all the issues is overwhelming. Instead, choose subjects already close to you and learn how they relate specifically to sugar production and consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Spend your money wisely\u003c/strong> to express your desire for a better world. Do what you can when you can. Buying fair-trade sugar supports companies and cooperatives that meet international standards for worker rights and environmental sustainability. Go for little but consistent changes for the long haul. Our small individual acts really do add up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Spread the word.\u003c/strong> While you might not have a sugar bowl that speaks for you, there are many opportunities to influence others, whether it's the office manager who stocks your company's break room or the grocery store in your neighborhood or the bakery that's going to craft your wedding cake. Ask if fair-trade sugar is an option, and if it's not, ask why not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Finally, one of the most important things we can do is to \u003cstrong>fax or call our elected representatives\u003c/strong> to remind them that we want an agricultural industry in California that is environmentally sustainable and fair to its workers. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.foodsecurity.org/california/Farm_Bill.html#action\">\u003cstrong> California Coalition for Food and Justice\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> offers several different sample letters as well as a detailed tip sheet on how to meet your respresentatives in person. Join the coalition or sign up for their newsletter to keep in touch with food policy issues in California. You can adapt their language to your own specific concerns. Encourage your friends and family to write letters, too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Look for these marks of fair trade certification on sugar that you buy.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SUGAR LINKS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're interested in learning about the sugar cane industry, especially a little closer to home, here are some online resources:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Sugar Knowledge International offers a basic description of how \u003ca href=\"http://www.sucrose.com/lcane.html\">\u003cstrong> cane sugar is processed\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Fair Trade Certified provides a fact sheet on \u003ca href=\"http://www.transfairusa.org/pdfs/fastfacts_sugar.pdf\">\u003cstrong>fair-trade sugar\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Read about the call for growing \u003ca href=\"http://westernfarmpress.com/news/farming_sugarcane_californias_triple/\">\u003cstrong>sugar cane in California's Imperial Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> to provide energy and ethanol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Environmental Entrepreneurs estimates \u003ca href=\"http://www.e2.org/ext/doc/AB32BiofuelsV5.pdf\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>how many megawatt-hours of electricity \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>might be converted from cane sugar fiber in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> The Center for Responsible Politics describes the electoral politics of sweeteners in \u003ca href=\"http://www.opensecrets.org/pubs/cashingin_sugar/sugar02.html\">\u003cstrong>\"Iron Triangle of Beet Sugar, Cane Sugar and Corn Syrup.\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> For a historical view of Big Sugar from, of all places, \u003ci>The American Conservative\u003c/i>, this \u003ca href=\"http://www.amconmag.com/2006/2006_06_05/article.html\">\u003cstrong>critique of guest worker programs for the US sugar industry\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> describes how growers take advantage of their workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> In its National Wetlands Newsletter, the Environmental Law Institute discusses how growing \u003ca href=\"http://home.san.rr.com/schwabach/Publications/Everglades%20Wetlands%20Newsletter%20article.pdf\">\u003cstrong>sugar cane in the Florida Everglades \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>affects the ecosystem and taxpayers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003ca href=\"http://www.altereco-usa.com/main.php\">\u003cstrong>Alter Eco\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>, based in San Francisco's Mission Bay, distributes fair-trade sugar. Their controversial financial model, melding the business structure of a corporation with the social mission of a nonprofit, helps them pursue their goal of mainstreaming free-trade products into supermarket chains.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1207786065,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":36,"wordCount":1467},"headData":{"title":"Bitter Sweet: The Price of Sugar | KQED","description":"In London's Victoria and Albert Museum is a small, silver sugar bowl from the late 1700s, complete with a tiny latch for a tiny lock. The mistress of the house would have kept the key herself, as sugar was far too precious to leave unprotected. Today, sugar flows freely at every table. No longer spice","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Bitter Sweet: The Price of Sugar","datePublished":"2007-11-03T14:17:00.000Z","dateModified":"2008-04-10T00:07:45.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"772 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/2007/11/03/bitter-sweet-the-price-of-sugar/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2007/11/03/bitter-sweet-the-price-of-sugar/","disqusTitle":"Bitter Sweet: The Price of Sugar","path":"/bayareabites/772/bitter-sweet-the-price-of-sugar","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In London's Victoria and Albert Museum is a small, silver sugar bowl from the late 1700s, complete with a tiny latch for a tiny lock. The mistress of the house would have kept the key herself, as sugar was far too precious to leave unprotected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Today, sugar flows freely at every table. No longer spice or medicine, no more exotic or expensive than salt or pepper or clear tap water, sugar is now a basic and powerful commodity. It rarely concerns anyone who's not worried about calories, insulin or childrens' attention spans. With corn syrup currently wearing the black hat and ethanol a favorite of politicians, cane sugar has suddenly been rehabilitated. What sugar blues? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Bill Haney and his documentary, \u003ca href=\"http://www.thepriceofsugar.com/trailer.shtml\">\u003cstrong>\u003ci>The Price of Sugar\u003c/i>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> (opening this weekend at the Opera Plaza Cinema) are here to show us exactly what it takes to bring us that stuff of sweetness. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I know, you're already rolling your eyes or reaching for your mouse. Who wants to add sugar to the growing list of politicized food? Chocolate, coffee, corn, every fish and fowl and four-legged creature under the sun, and now this? Is nothing safe for the conscientious eater to enjoy?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it makes you feel any better, know that centuries ago, cooks and diners were wrestling with these very same issues. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\"EAST INDIA SUGAR not made by SLAVES\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1791, abolitionists in the United Kingdom declared a boycott on sugar from the West Indies, where sugar plantations flourished with the help of the burgeoning slave economy. Diaries from the period mention how troublesome it was to entertain guests who were boycotting sugar, while \u003ci>Punch\u003c/i> cartoonists poked fun at \"anti-saccharrite\" families that refused to offer sugar at teatime. There were valiant attempts to hold awareness-raising bake sales with cakes and cookies prepared without sugar or else only with sugar from India. (Thanksgiving cooks everywhere can empathize--how to fit the tofu next to the turkey?)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An ambitious little pamphlet, \"Address to the People of Great Britain on the Utility of Refraining from the Use of West Indian Sugar and Rum,\" written by Thomas Clarkson, set a publishing record for the time: 50,000 copies were distributed in the UK in only four months. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg>\u003cbr>\u003ci>On the back of this anti-slave sugar bowl: \"East India Sugar not made By Slaves. By Six families using East India, instead of West India Sugar, one Slave less is required.\"\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The slave-free sugar movement faced much greater opposition in the US, where rum was filling the new nation's coffers. While Clarkson and his followers helped turn the tide against slave labor in the UK (an estimated 300,000 British families boycotted West Indies sugar) American abolitionists had another century of fighting before slavery was outlawed in the US.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But here's the problem: Slave labor is not a thing of the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ships no longer ply the Middle Passage, but we still have human trafficking in containers and vans. If trapping entire families on plantation land to work their whole lives, guarding them with rifles day and night, stringing barbed wire over their ceilings so they can't escape, paying with vouchers for the company store or not bothering to pay at all, and enjoying the full support of governments do not all add up to institutional bondage -- or slavery -- then someone needs to rewrite the dictionaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the US, the major sugar-cane states are Florida, Louisiana and Texas. A long-growing crop with intensive irrigation requirements, heavy chemical inputs and back-breaking, hand-maiming occupational risks, sugar cane is not an easy crop to grow. Increasingly, American growers depend on a mechanized harvest (especially after a lawsuit was filed in the mid-1990s demanding that companies pay their guest workers the contracted $5.70 a ton rather than merely $3.70 a ton.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, environmental devastation is still a serious issue. As sugar cane is re-framed by politicians and growers as an eco-friendly source of energy here in California, we need to keep a closer watch on the discussion. Close ties to Washington help big sugar companies maintain generous subsidies, while import restrictions keep domestic sugar cane prices artificially high. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So yes, there's still a long way to go. Luckily for us, courageous and determined individuals continue to lead the way. Person by person, family by family, nation by nation...changes will happen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>THE PRICE OF SUGAR\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>Directed by Bill Haney\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://www.landmarktheatres.com/Market/SanFrancisco/SanFrancisco_Frameset.htm\">\u003cstrong>Landmark's Opera Plaza\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cbr>601 Van Ness Avenue\u003cbr>(415) 267-4893\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> The documentary really should be titled \"The Life and Work of Father Christopher Hartley\" since this Catholic priest, who compares himself to Mother Theresa, stars in the film. Father Hartley fought for years to improve the horrendous living and working conditions of undocumented Haitians on the sugar plantations of the Vincini family, powerful players in the Dominican Republic. The family has tried \u003ca href=\"http://www.latimes.com/entertainment/news/la-et-sugar19oct19,0,3021810.story?coll=la-tot-entertainment\">\u003cstrong>blocking the release of the film\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>, and both the crusading priest and the director have received death threats. The film depends more on slow motion and plaintive music than data or historical context to make its points. In the end, though, I came away with an understanding of the human side -- both the good and the bad -- of this complex issue.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SMALL STEPS TO GOOD SUGAR\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are no easy answers. The US produces 80% of the sugar it consumes, so international free-trade sugar, already a small fraction of the industry, is just one part of the solution. Domestic sugar's impact on ecosystems, energy production, public health and political power are other important considerations. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Awareness and education\u003c/strong> are the first steps. Seeing the above documentary is one way to begin. There are many resources on the internet for anyone curious and committed. I've included a few links at the end of this post for those who'd like to read more. Taking on all the issues is overwhelming. Instead, choose subjects already close to you and learn how they relate specifically to sugar production and consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Spend your money wisely\u003c/strong> to express your desire for a better world. Do what you can when you can. Buying fair-trade sugar supports companies and cooperatives that meet international standards for worker rights and environmental sustainability. Go for little but consistent changes for the long haul. Our small individual acts really do add up. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003cstrong>Spread the word.\u003c/strong> While you might not have a sugar bowl that speaks for you, there are many opportunities to influence others, whether it's the office manager who stocks your company's break room or the grocery store in your neighborhood or the bakery that's going to craft your wedding cake. Ask if fair-trade sugar is an option, and if it's not, ask why not.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Finally, one of the most important things we can do is to \u003cstrong>fax or call our elected representatives\u003c/strong> to remind them that we want an agricultural industry in California that is environmentally sustainable and fair to its workers. The \u003ca href=\"http://www.foodsecurity.org/california/Farm_Bill.html#action\">\u003cstrong> California Coalition for Food and Justice\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> offers several different sample letters as well as a detailed tip sheet on how to meet your respresentatives in person. Join the coalition or sign up for their newsletter to keep in touch with food policy issues in California. You can adapt their language to your own specific concerns. Encourage your friends and family to write letters, too. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Look for these marks of fair trade certification on sugar that you buy.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SUGAR LINKS\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you're interested in learning about the sugar cane industry, especially a little closer to home, here are some online resources:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Sugar Knowledge International offers a basic description of how \u003ca href=\"http://www.sucrose.com/lcane.html\">\u003cstrong> cane sugar is processed\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Fair Trade Certified provides a fact sheet on \u003ca href=\"http://www.transfairusa.org/pdfs/fastfacts_sugar.pdf\">\u003cstrong>fair-trade sugar\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Read about the call for growing \u003ca href=\"http://westernfarmpress.com/news/farming_sugarcane_californias_triple/\">\u003cstrong>sugar cane in California's Imperial Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> to provide energy and ethanol.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> Environmental Entrepreneurs estimates \u003ca href=\"http://www.e2.org/ext/doc/AB32BiofuelsV5.pdf\">\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>how many megawatt-hours of electricity \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>might be converted from cane sugar fiber in California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> The Center for Responsible Politics describes the electoral politics of sweeteners in \u003ca href=\"http://www.opensecrets.org/pubs/cashingin_sugar/sugar02.html\">\u003cstrong>\"Iron Triangle of Beet Sugar, Cane Sugar and Corn Syrup.\"\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> For a historical view of Big Sugar from, of all places, \u003ci>The American Conservative\u003c/i>, this \u003ca href=\"http://www.amconmag.com/2006/2006_06_05/article.html\">\u003cstrong>critique of guest worker programs for the US sugar industry\u003c/strong>\u003c/a> describes how growers take advantage of their workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> In its National Wetlands Newsletter, the Environmental Law Institute discusses how growing \u003ca href=\"http://home.san.rr.com/schwabach/Publications/Everglades%20Wetlands%20Newsletter%20article.pdf\">\u003cstrong>sugar cane in the Florida Everglades \u003c/strong>\u003c/a>affects the ecosystem and taxpayers. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003ca href=\"http://www.altereco-usa.com/main.php\">\u003cstrong>Alter Eco\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>, based in San Francisco's Mission Bay, distributes fair-trade sugar. Their controversial financial model, melding the business structure of a corporation with the social mission of a nonprofit, helps them pursue their goal of mainstreaming free-trade products into supermarket chains.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/772/bitter-sweet-the-price-of-sugar","authors":["5018"],"categories":["bayareabites_752"],"tags":["bayareabites_129","bayareabites_98","bayareabites_143","bayareabites_512","bayareabites_511","bayareabites_67"],"label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_535":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_535","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"bayareabites","id":"535","score":null,"sort":[1172680260000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"michael-pollan-john-mackey","title":"Michael Pollan & John Mackey","publishDate":1172680260,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/uploaded_images/16274183-760171.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/uploaded_images/16274183-748368.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>Those expecting a brawl got more of a lovefest when \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"http://wholefoods.com/\">Whole Foods\u003c/a>\u003c/b> CEO John Mackey met with Michael Pollan author of \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1594200823/kqedorg-20\">The Omnivore's Dilemma\u003c/a>\u003c/b> at UC Berkeley last night. The feud, if you can call it that, goes to back to a time shortly after the publication of the book when Mackey took issue with the quality of Pollan's research, his criticism of Whole Foods and what he called \"industrial organic\". Over the months that passed a series of letters were made public in which each seemed to take the other to task. Those letters can be found here: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoods.com/blogs/jm/archives/2006/05/an_open_letter.html\">Letter 1: Mackey to Pollan\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://michaelpollan.com/article.php?id=80\">Letter 1 Response: Pollan to Mackey\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoods.com/blogs/jm/archives/2006/06/detailed_reply.html\">Letter 2: Mackey to Pollan\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://michaelpollan.com/article.php?id=83\">Letter 2 Response: Pollan to Mackey\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mackey complained that he wasn't contacted by Pollan before the book was published and tried to argue that all \"industrial organic\" is not bad. Pollan challenged Mackey on the authenticity of the storytelling present in the store, and on how much produce was truly \"local\". \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is and was, that Pollan and Mackey agree more than they disagree. While Mackey got his chance to explain his philosophy and to announce several new praiseworthy initiatives that deal with fair trade, animal welfare, support for local \"food artisans\" and loans for farmers and food producers, he admitted that criticism was good, and that it spurred a reexamination of their practices and a rethinking of their approach. Pollan in turn praised Mackey for the new initiatives and for being willing to so thoroughly engage his critics, something few CEO's are willing to do. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was surprising how unpolished and passionate Mackey was compared to the almost slick and sometimes snide Pollan. Mackey even went so far as to say the backlash against his company and the concept of organic has actually been good in some ways. Still Mackey doesn't like being compared with Wal-Mart, and his philosophy of a more enlightened capitalism and movement towards a post industrial age he calls the \"ecological era\" puts him on the forefront of progressive businesses. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Pollan kept the conversation to a discussion more about the future than the present or the past in the discussion part of the program which was entitled \"The Past, The Present, The Future of Food\". Pollan even envisioned a kiosk in a grocery store that would allow shoppers to scan items and see what was happening back on the farm for a kind of nanny-cam meets corporate transparency, a vision that Mackey seemed to embrace. Perhaps both Mackey and Pollan are ready to put down the gloves and make peace with the past and present (in addition to each other) and to make more room for a focus on the future.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":null,"status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1172680260,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":8,"wordCount":461},"headData":{"title":"Michael Pollan & John Mackey | KQED","description":"Those expecting a brawl got more of a lovefest when Whole Foods CEO John Mackey met with Michael Pollan author of The Omnivore's Dilemma at UC Berkeley last night. The feud, if you can call it that, goes to back to a time shortly after the publication of the book when Mackey took issue with","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Michael Pollan & John Mackey","datePublished":"2007-02-28T16:31:00.000Z","dateModified":"2007-02-28T16:31:00.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"disqusIdentifier":"535 http://blogs.kqed.org/bayareabites/2007/02/28/michael-pollan-john-mackey/","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2007/02/28/michael-pollan-john-mackey/","disqusTitle":"Michael Pollan & John Mackey","path":"/bayareabites/535/michael-pollan-john-mackey","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/uploaded_images/16274183-760171.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://www.kqed.org/weblog/food/uploaded_images/16274183-748368.jpg\" border=\"0\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cbr>Those expecting a brawl got more of a lovefest when \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"http://wholefoods.com/\">Whole Foods\u003c/a>\u003c/b> CEO John Mackey met with Michael Pollan author of \u003cb>\u003ca href=\"http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1594200823/kqedorg-20\">The Omnivore's Dilemma\u003c/a>\u003c/b> at UC Berkeley last night. The feud, if you can call it that, goes to back to a time shortly after the publication of the book when Mackey took issue with the quality of Pollan's research, his criticism of Whole Foods and what he called \"industrial organic\". Over the months that passed a series of letters were made public in which each seemed to take the other to task. Those letters can be found here: \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoods.com/blogs/jm/archives/2006/05/an_open_letter.html\">Letter 1: Mackey to Pollan\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://michaelpollan.com/article.php?id=80\">Letter 1 Response: Pollan to Mackey\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://www.wholefoods.com/blogs/jm/archives/2006/06/detailed_reply.html\">Letter 2: Mackey to Pollan\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://michaelpollan.com/article.php?id=83\">Letter 2 Response: Pollan to Mackey\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mackey complained that he wasn't contacted by Pollan before the book was published and tried to argue that all \"industrial organic\" is not bad. Pollan challenged Mackey on the authenticity of the storytelling present in the store, and on how much produce was truly \"local\". \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is and was, that Pollan and Mackey agree more than they disagree. While Mackey got his chance to explain his philosophy and to announce several new praiseworthy initiatives that deal with fair trade, animal welfare, support for local \"food artisans\" and loans for farmers and food producers, he admitted that criticism was good, and that it spurred a reexamination of their practices and a rethinking of their approach. Pollan in turn praised Mackey for the new initiatives and for being willing to so thoroughly engage his critics, something few CEO's are willing to do. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was surprising how unpolished and passionate Mackey was compared to the almost slick and sometimes snide Pollan. Mackey even went so far as to say the backlash against his company and the concept of organic has actually been good in some ways. Still Mackey doesn't like being compared with Wal-Mart, and his philosophy of a more enlightened capitalism and movement towards a post industrial age he calls the \"ecological era\" puts him on the forefront of progressive businesses. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For his part, Pollan kept the conversation to a discussion more about the future than the present or the past in the discussion part of the program which was entitled \"The Past, The Present, The Future of Food\". Pollan even envisioned a kiosk in a grocery store that would allow shoppers to scan items and see what was happening back on the farm for a kind of nanny-cam meets corporate transparency, a vision that Mackey seemed to embrace. Perhaps both Mackey and Pollan are ready to put down the gloves and make peace with the past and present (in addition to each other) and to make more room for a focus on the future.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/535/michael-pollan-john-mackey","authors":["5020"],"categories":["bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_77","bayareabites_99","bayareabites_98","bayareabites_96","bayareabites_97","bayareabites_65"],"label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. 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