Editor’s note: This story is part of That’s My Word, KQED’s year-long exploration of Bay Area hip-hop history, with new content dropping all throughout 2023.
It’s a wintry January evening when Bas-1 brings me to Del the Funky Homosapien’s house in the East Bay. For much of the afternoon, Bas — the Oakland native who’s worked with Digital Underground and released his own solo records — has schooled me on the origins of the Bay Area hip-hop sound.
Bas lists numerous rappers from the ’80s, and not just Todd “Too Short” Shaw, the East Oakland rapper who famously hustled homemade cassette tapes. I’ve never heard most of the names Bas mentions: MC Chocolate Milk, Windell Baby Doll, Davy Def, Buddy Bean, Reggie Reg Rock Ski.ter, M.C. Tracy, Rock Master Fresh, Nic Nack, Kimmie Fresh, and the Acorn Crew with Grandmaster Fresh (a rapper later known as “DJ Daryl” Anderson, famed for producing tracks like 415’s “Side Show” and 2Pac’s “Keep Ya Head Up”).
Many of these early Bay Area rappers never put out a commercially available record. Instead, their work is mostly confined to locally distributed cassette tapes — collectors call them “gray tapes” — that are now nearly impossible to find. They publicly broadcasted these tapes throughout neighborhoods, utilizing boomboxes and car stereos as well as stereos at house parties. “None of them sound like Too Short,” says Bas. “Some of these people didn’t put out recordings, but they were known.”
Throughout the 1980s, Bay Area hip-hop was an artistic movement struggling for a distinct identity. The first half of the decade was defined by street dance and aerosol art as much as rap and DJing. But as local youth began to absorb the sounds emanating from national hotspots like New York, they created a distinctive style all their own — one that would make a global impact in the years to come.
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At Del’s house, Bas queues up an extraordinary live video clip of Mac Mill, Emperor E, and DJ Anthony “K-os” Bryant performing at Festival at the Lake, a now-defunct annual event held at Lake Merritt, in 1988. (Alex “Naru” Reece, who organized the showcase where Mac Mill performed, clarified in a follow-up conversation that it didn’t happen during Festival at the Lake. He also says the showcase was filmed in 1986 for a 1988 video compilation.)
Mac Mill and Emperor E go back and forth, trading sound effects and dense Oakland slang as K-os cuts and scratches copies of Long Island band Original Concept’s deathless bass classic, “Knowledge Me.” Bas praises Mac Mill’s unusual “Arabian” style, which the latter deployed nearly a decade later with the 1995 single “Arabian Hump.”
Then, Bas-1 calls Chris “CJ Flash” Jourdan, an OG who worked with Timex Social Club, the Berkeley teen band whose 1986 electro-funk classic, “Rumors,” represented the first national breakthrough for Bay Area hip-hop culture. As Bas broadcasts CJ Flash’s voice from his phone through Del’s stereo equipment, CJ Flash spends the next hour or so describing a fledging scene where poppers and boogaloo dancers, not rappers or DJs, were the prime attractions.
These ensembles drew from a street-dance tradition that dates back decades. Their kinetic performances ignited crowds at high schools, house parties, and public spaces like Justin Herman Plaza and Union Square in San Francisco and UC Berkeley’s Sproul Plaza. Battles even took place on the street, with crews traveling to different neighborhoods around the region to seek out rivals. “You could meet with people on their turf and get down, and hopefully not get thumped in the process,” says CJ Flash. Many Bay Area hip-hop pioneers got their start in dance crews, including Club Nouveau’s Jay King (who pop-locked with The Unknowns), DJ King Tech (who was known as Wizard, and danced with Master City Breakers), and Flash himself (who performed with UFO).
By contrast, rapping was a relatively new and undeveloped skill, the lowest element on the hip-hop totem pole. “Anybody could rap. Anybody could say a bunch of basic rhyme words with no style and flavor,” says Bas, noting as an aside that “most folks couldn’t understand the lyrics anyway.”
How is a discussion about street dancers connected to an exploration of the Bay Area hip-hop sound? It’s important to understand the conditions under which the genre emerged locally.
Turntables, Casios and Homemade Tapes
As KQED’s Eric Arnold explains in “The Bay Area Was Hip-Hop Before There Was Hip-Hop,” foundational elements such as spoken word, funk, and rhythm & blues existed locally well before New Jersey trio Sugarhill Gang arrived with “Rapper’s Delight” in the fall of 1979.
At the same time, the Bay Area was not the Bronx, where breakbeat culture catalyzed and fermented. Bronx DJs, MCs and B-boys like Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, the Rock Steady Crew and many others gained renown among mid-’70s New York youth long before “Rapper’s Delight.” By contrast, as CJ Flash explains, it took much of the 1980s for Bay Area youth to develop the cadences and rhythms we now associate with modern rap.
Back then, enterprising musicians couldn’t purchase studio software and distribute their own music on an internet platform like Soundcloud. Recording equipment was expensive. An unsigned artist needed the financial and business expertise to manufacture vinyl and cassettes with artwork, much less convince record stores like Leopold’s Records in Berkeley to carry them. (Recordable CD-Rs weren’t widely used until the 1990s.)
This helps explain why so many rappers utilized turntables and Casio keyboards, and then recorded their songs using the microphone input on relatively cheap stereo equipment. Captured on recordable cassettes like Maxell and TDK, some of these “gray tapes” simply had stickers with handwritten titles. More often, they weren’t labeled at all.
In those days, Too Short was an outlier, a Fremont High School student who canvassed East Oakland spots like Arroyo Park, selling copies of “Game Raps” at a few dollars a pop. Since Short was originally from Los Angeles, he relied on rap partner Tony “Freddy B” Adams to show him around the Town. The duo made customized tapes for local drug dealers and players in the city’s nightlife — now known as “special request” tapes — shouting out the customers’ names in their raps.
“Short was a hustler,” says CJ Flash. “He had a style of telling stories that was so outlandish and so funny that word got around.” Short and Freddy B developed the trademark “Biiiiitch!” catchphrase, and Short has often said that he and Freddy B intended to get famous together. Unfortunately, Freddy B was in prison when Short released his landmark “Freaky Tales” tape in 1987. (Adams is now a minister at Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Fairfield.)
Others like Sir Quick Draw, Mac Mill, and Chief Naked Head (later known as Premo; he passed away in January of 2023) simply gave away their tapes or let friends copy or “dub” the originals. As Richmond rapper Magic Mike explained in a recent interview with Dregs One, dubs of his tracks circulated as widely as Germany. “It was more or less trying to make a name for yourself…you had to make a tape,” adds CJ Flash.
Most importantly, Bay Area hip-hop in the ’80s was a primordial soup of youngsters figuring out what the local sound would be. The answers wouldn’t arrive until near the end of the decade. “The Bay Area was behind,” says CJ Flash, comparing it to more advanced regions like Los Angeles, South Florida, and New York. “We never thought about radio.”
‘A Pivotal Moment’
Alex “Naru Kwina” Hence remembers the first time he heard the Sugarhill Gang’s “Rapper’s Delight” as a 14-year-old preparing to attend Oakland High School. “When the song went off, everybody ran outside, like, ‘Did you hear that song?!” he laughs, calling it one of the best moments of his life. “It was a pivotal moment, bro. We literally started rapping the song and trying to remember it.”
Naru called himself Sir Quick Draw, an alias inspired by Hanna-Barbera cartoon Quick Draw McGraw as well as the fact that, as a runner, “I was hella fast.” He took inspiration from Kurtis Blow, the Harlem rapper who scored major hits like 1980’s “The Breaks.” And Naru almost immediately began recording his voice on tape. His first original song was “The Caveman Rap,” which was inspired by Brooklyn rapper Jimmy Spicer’s 1980 single “Adventures of Super Rhyme.” Naru can still recite those verses from memory: Now people come and take a trip in time with me / Back to that sweet year one million B.C.
“I still got that old-school flavor, man,” he admits. “Hip-hop was more fun for me back then.”
But rap in the Bay Area didn’t take off right away. “Most people would rap other people’s songs. They’d just repeat what they heard on the radio,” says Naru. Aspiring MCs honed their craft by congregating at Eastmont Mall, “trying to impress the girls, and getting our names on our derby jackets.” And when Tom Tom Club’s 1981 hit “Genius of Love” dropped? “Everybody rapped over that joint, man. Too many people.”
It’s worth remembering that hip-hop was a phenomenon developed essentially by Black and Brown children. Rapping, pop-locking, spray-painting aerosol art on neighborhood walls, even DJing: These were youthful forms of play and creative expression.
Bas, who grew up in North Oakland, remembers popping and “roboting” at Pier 39 on Fisherman’s Wharf in the late ’70s as a child. “You have people like Ben [James] from Live Incorporated doing pantomime and roboting,” he says, noting one of the better-known dance crews. Dancers competed for attention and tips that they could spend on Snickers bars and arcade games. “Battle-wise, you had to have skill and talent to a certain caliber in order to truly be out on the Wharf or on Market [and Powell] in front of the cable cars,” he says.
Local newspaper stories focused on the emergence of hip-hop as a youth obsession. Enterprising teachers incorporated it into their lesson plans. On high-school campuses, fledgling DJs like Joseph Thomas “G.I. Joe” Simms Jr. at El Cerrito High School and groups like the Devastating Four proliferated. At house parties, mobile DJ crews spun the latest electro, boogie-funk, and rap hits.
Gatherings at schools, churches, and community centers typically reserved a few minutes for fledgling local rap and dance crews to perform. This was also the era of the Reagan Administration’s “Just Say No” campaign, and kids were often asked to help spread an anti-drug message through raps. “Inspired by rapping groups such as Sugar Hill, Run DMC, Jeckyl and Hyde and Mell (sic) and the Furious Five, teen-agers create their own raps mostly for fun and to bring attention to themselves,” read a June 29, 1985, story in the San Francisco Examiner.
In the first half of the decade, street dance remained a focal point. Double Dutch jump-rope competitions sponsored by McDonald’s drew thousands to Lincoln Square Center in Oakland. The San Francisco Street Breakers held a fundraising benefit, “Super Break Sunday,” at San Francisco’s Palace of Fine Arts in 1985.
Ironically, street dance “got played out” after the success of Hollywood movies like Beat Street and Breakin’, and rap music moved to the center of hip-hop culture. Quickening the process were concerts by Black music stars like the Fresh Festival, the first national hip-hop tour, with headliners Run-DMC at the Oakland Coliseum. Local radio tentatively began to experiment with rap, notably KMEL-FM and its mix DJs such as Michael Erickson and the late Cameron Paul.
“By 1985, there was this incredible scene in the South Bay,” says Adisa “The Bishop” Banjoko. As a teen DJ in San Bruno “who looked like Urkel,” he remembers traveling far and wide to buy records, from Creative Music Emporium in San Francisco to T’s Wauzi in Oakland. Meanwhile, nightclubs like Mothers and Studio 47 brought a fusion of hip-hop, freestyle and techno. “San Jose had underage hip-hop teenage clubs, and no other city had those,” he says. (Banjoko later became a rapper, a journalist, and now promotes jiu-jitsu, meditation and chess with his company 64 Blocks.)
Back in Oakland, Naru continued making tapes. “I come from a musical family. My cousin’s the Maestro” — a.k.a. producer Keenan Foster, who has worked with Too Short, Dru Down, and Askari X — “and a lot of my family sings. I got a drum machine, a little Yamaha keyboard. I would play my bass lines. We had double-cassette decks.” He collaborated with Taj “Turntable T” Tilghman, “who was dope on the turntables.” Turntable T eventually bought a Roland TR-808 drum machine, the instrument du jour for def beat MCs. “When that 808 came, that was it. Everyone loved that deck. Boom!”
“Gray tapes” that circulated weren’t the EP and album-length releases we’re familiar with today. Some tapes only had one song per side; or maybe just one song on one side, period. Artists were judged not only by their ability to rap engagingly for several minutes, but also to chop up a familiar beat like Whodini’s “Friends,” transforming it into something fresh and original; or even make rudimentary 808 beats. For example, Too Short drew attention for “rapping the longest,” as Bas explains, leading to songs that lasted eight or nine minutes.
“Those tapes were everywhere. Everyone was trying to see what was possible,” says Banjoko. In 1987, he began making raps under the name MC Most Ill. His first song was “Rhyme Junkie.” “The truth was, some of it was really cool but a lot of it actually also sucked, because [the art form] was brand new. … The quality control was not there.”
On August 18, 1984, the San Francisco Examiner published an article called “Rapping with Too-Short,” the first story on the 18-year-old prodigy. Pacific News Service journalist Anthony Adams called Short’s songs “preacher-like yarns over pre-recorded music,” and noted that one of them was about automaker John DeLorean, whose conviction for cocaine trafficking made national news. Short claimed he and his partner Freddy B sold over 2,000 tapes.
The Chronicle-Examiner also frequently interviewed Dominique “Lady D” DiPrima, a New York transplant and San Francisco State University student who rapped, sung, and organized events. DiPrima possessed a rich family pedigree — her father was the jazz writer Amiri Baraka, her mother the beat poet Diane DiPrima. In late 1984, KRON-TV recruited her to host Home Turf, a Saturday-afternoon program that became appointment viewing for local teens.
“Everyone had a crush on Dominique,” says Naru, giggling.
The First Bay Area Rap Record Opens the Floodgates
One of the under-acknowledged aspects of early hip-hop is the way elder Black musicians shepherded young artists into the recording industry.
The late Sylvia Robinson, who was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2022, initially emerged in the mid-’50s as one-half of Mickey & Sylvia, who scored a national hit with “Love Is Strange.” As a ’70s solo artist and producer, Robinson made slinky, Eartha Kitt-like erotic disco capers such as “Pillow Talk” and “Sweet Stuff.” After discovering hip-hop when she heard DJ Lovebug Starski at a party, Robinson formed Sugar Hill Records, and turned three rapping teens she found in New Jersey into its first act, the Sugarhill Gang.
This process of soul veterans working with young people resulted in independent 12” singles that mirrored — if not yet accurately capturing — the nascent rap sound at a time when big companies virtually ignored it. With his Mercury Records contract, Kurtis Blow was the only act with a major album deal. A handful of other pioneers like DJ Hollywood scored one-off 12” deals.
A similar process played out in the Bay Area.
The first Bay Area rap record is widely considered to be Phil “Motorcycle Mike” Lewis and the Rat Trap Band’s “Super Rat,” a 1981 boogie-funk single notoriously released by East Oakland heroin kingpin Milton “Mickey Mo” Moore’s Hodisk Records. The name “Hodisk” was a cheeky reference to his onetime side business as a pimp. (Moore has since reformed and is now a pastor in West Oakland.) In fact, Mickey Mo boasts in his 1996 autobiography The Man: The Life Story of a Drug Kingpin, “Hodisk Records became the first record company on the West Coast to release a rap record.” (The first L.A. rap record, Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp’s “The Gigolo Rapp,” was also released in 1981.)
Mickey Mo has another claim to rap lore: In 1980, he helped finance an Oakland Coliseum concert headlined by L.A. funk band War, with the Sugarhill Gang as a supporting act. Journalist Lee Hildebrand’s pre-concert interview with the Gang in the Oakland Tribune was the first mention of rap music in the local press. A second funk-rap novelty, Steve Walker’s “Tally Ho!,” also appeared in 1981. In 1983, San Francisco’s Debo & Brian released the electro-funk EP This Is It. The momentum had started.
“I had made this vow that I would never ever do anything having to do with rap,” laughs Claytoven Richardson. During his long career, the Berkeley-born, Oakland-raised Richardson worked with Aretha Franklin, Kenny G, Whitney Houston, Elton John, and Celine Dion. But in the early ’80s, he was best known as a singer, producer, and arranger with hot dancefloor jazz-funk bands like Bill Summers & Summers’ Heat. His anti-rap stance reflected the music industry at large in the 1980s. “Nobody had the foresight to see that it would morph and change and do the things that it’s done,” he says.
Still, Richardson couldn’t avoid the increasingly popular genre when he scored a production deal at Fantasy Records, the onetime Berkeley jazz label also known for innovative acts like Sylvester and Cybotron, as well as one-off singles generated by a “throw it against the wall and see if it sticks” philosophy.
One of the records Richardson produced in that anything-goes environment was Mighty Mouth’s satirical complaint, “I’m All Rapped Out.” (He wasn’t the only one annoyed over rap; perhaps out of wishful thinking, a 1985 San Francisco Chronicle article referred to the “fast-fading hip-hop scene.”) A vocalist named Lawrence Pittman didn’t show up for the session, so Richardson performed the lyrics himself. However, Pittman showed up to rap on Mighty Mouth’s second single, “The Roaches,” which parodied Whodini’s electro hit, “Freaks Come Out at Night.”
Other scattered local raps appeared between 1985 and 1986. Former boogaloo dancer Jay King, just home from a stint in the Air Force and splitting time between Sacramento and Vallejo, formed a group called Frost and released “Battle Beat.” His friends Denzil Foster & Thomas McElroy produced it, as well as another electro-rap track, Sorcerey’s “Woo Baby.” Pittsburg rapper James “Red Beat” Briggs issued “Freak City,” which was later remixed by N.W.A. co-founder Arabian Prince. And there was Rodney “Disco Alamo” Brown, from Richmond, whose 12” “The Task Force” is an early example of Bay Area rap chronicling street life.
Most importantly, Too Short’s rising buzz led to a deal with deep East Oakland entrepreneur Dean Hodges’ 75 Girls label. Released in 1985, the resulting Don’t Stop Rappin’ was the first official album by a local rapper. While fans of a certain age still treasure protean electro-funk tracks like “Girl” — which E-40 referenced on his 1998 hit, “Earl, That’s Yo Life” — the album couldn’t compare to his raunchy and wickedly hilarious “special request” tapes.
It was during this period that Naru finally got his chance in the studio. Since 1984, UC Berkeley station KALX-FM served as home to “Music for the People,” a Sunday-morning community affairs and music show hosted by the late Charles “Natty Prep” Douglass, as well as DJs like Billy “Jam” Kiernan (who also broadcast on San Francisco State University station KUSF-FM), David “Davey D” Cook, and funkster Rickey “The Uhuru Maggot” Vincent. When Naru won a 1986 rap contest hosted by Billy Jam on KALX, he earned a deal with Bay Wave Records, a local imprint distributed by Hollywood-based Macola Records. Richardson was hired to produce the session.
“[Quick Draw] was a great rapper. He had a lot of great lyrics and ideas,” says Richardson. On “Rapaholic,” Richardson and session engineer Michael Denten (who later worked with Spice 1 and E-40) accompanied Quick Draw’s dexterous and energetic raps with sharp-angled percussive edits and sound effects reminiscent of The Art of Noise and Mantronix.
“Respect to Claytoven,” says Naru, who not only continues to make music but also owns a company, Hip Learning, that promotes childhood education with rap. He wasn’t entirely satisfied with the “Rapaholic” experience: “They made the record sound hella more polished. It was [supposed to be] a little more underground than that.” However, he adds, “[Claytoven] taught us a lot in the studio about the mics they use and how to mix. It was a good experience.”
A Radio Breakthrough — And a Kid Named Hammer
As the trajectory of Bay Area hip-hop waxed and waned, three catalyzing moments brought the scene into focus.
The first was an R&B track. Timex Social Club’s “Rumors” captured the pulse of Bay Area youth culture, from Marcus Thompson and Alex Hill’s skittering electro-funk bass and drums to singer Michael Marshall’s distinctly regional accent and coy recitation of schoolyard gossip (“Did you hear the one about Michael? Some say he must be gay…”) Produced by Jay King and Denzil Foster and released on King’s Jay Records in February 1986, it mushroomed into a top ten Billboard pop hit and dominated radio all year.
But by the summer, Timex Social Club was falling apart and trading accusations with King over money and credit. The group’s only album Vicious Rumors — by that point it was just Michael Marshall — featured drum programming from CJ Flash and a shout-out to KALX’s Natty Prep, who helped break “Rumors” on his “Music and Life” show. Marshall retreated from the spotlight before re-emerging as the hook man on the Luniz’ 1995 smash “I Got 5 on It.”
After breaking with Timex Social Club, King formed a group called Jet Set and signed a deal with Warner Bros. Records. The group changed their name to Club Nouveau before debuting with the single “Jealousy.” A follow-up, the Bill Withers cover “Lean on Me,” went to number-one on the Billboard Hot 100, while Club Nouveau’s debut album Life, Love & Pain went platinum.
King’s growing stardom rippled across the Bay and reached Felton Pilate, the Vallejo keyboardist, singer, and producer best known as a driving force in Bay Area funk stars Con Funk Shun. The two had already worked together on King’s onetime rap group Frost; Pilate engineered that record. Pilate soon added one of King’s projects, Sacramento R&B/rap group New Choice, to a growing slate of projects he produced and engineered at his Felstar Studios.
Felstar Studios was the culmination of work he had begun while not touring and rehearsing with Con Funk Shun. At his home studio on Sandpiper Drive in Vallejo, Pilate helped assemble records for fledgling local artists. “I never thought of myself as just a studio,” he says, where he simply records his clients. “I have a little experience here. I’ve got several gold albums. Here, let me pass on some of this knowledge.” When asked if he considered himself a mentor, he demurs, even though that’s arguably what he was.
When Pilate opened Felstar Studios on Sonoma Boulevard, his trusted associate was James Earley, a young engineer whom he credits for adding a more contemporary sensibility to the Studios’ output. Among the locals who came to them were M.V.P., a family trio consisting of Earl Stevens, Danell Stevens, and Brandt Jones. Their 1988 12”, The Kings Men, also included Tanina Stevens and Angela Pressley, who called themselves Sugar ‘N’ Spice. The members of M.V.P. updated their stage names to E-40, D-Shot and B-Legit, added Tanina as Suga T, and evolved into The Click, arguably becoming the most famous rap group to emerge from Vallejo.
In 1986, Pilate and Earley both had solo deals at Berkeley’s Fantasy Records. It was there that Pilate met a former Oakland A’s batboy named Stanley “Holyghost Boy” Burrell through Fantasy Records producer Fred L. Pittman. “Fred would often hire me to do keyboard arrangements for him,” says Pilate. When Pittman asked him to play keys for Holyghost Boy, Pilate responded, “Hey Fred, why don’t you let me take the reins on this?”
As a classically trained jazz and classical musician, Pilate didn’t think much of rap, even though Con Funk Shun not only included a rap verse on a 1982 single, “Ain’t Nobody Baby”; but also made “Electric Lady,” a 1985 hit produced by Larry Smith of Whodini fame that landed in the top five of Billboard’s Black Singles chart. “Musically, I wasn’t a fan, but as a producer, I said, ‘I can do this,’” he says. “Like everyone else, Con Funk Shun wanted to be relevant, and rap was all over the radio.”
The tracks Burrell brought to Pilate consisted of him rapping over sparse Yamaha RX5 drum-machine parts. Pilate responded by going into “study mode.” He listened to the rap stuff that was getting airplay like Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew. As a result, the skittering percussion on Burrell’s “Let’s Get It Started” is reminiscent of the go-go-inspired arrangements on Doug E. Fresh hits like “The Show” and “All the Way to Heaven.”
“My thing was to make it more music-driven than beat-driven,” says Pilate. In many cases, he simply “listened to what [Burrell] was talking about and wrote a straight R&B song underneath it.” He also gives credit to Earley, who helped refine the drum programming and brought “that younger ear” to the project. They incorporated stock horn stabs from a battery of Juno, Roland, and Yamaha drum machines. Meanwhile, Kent “The Lone Mixer” Wilson and Bryant “D.J. Redeemed” Marable added rhythmic scratches by cutting up Curtis Mayfield and Beastie Boys records.
After the demos were finished, Fantasy Records dropped Pilate, Earley and Burrell from their deals. “They weren’t really sure how to market any of us,” says Pilate. Then, he chuckles, “The next time I ran into the Holyghost Boy, he had changed his name to MC Hammer.” After forming Bustin’ Records in Fremont with financial help from Oakland A’s ballplayers like Mike Davis and Dwayne Murphy, Hammer turned the Pilate demos into three 12”s — “Ring ’Em,” “The Thrill Is Gone” and “Let’s Get It Started” — and the 1987 album Feel My Power. “I was like, man, those were rough mixes! You were supposed to come back and let me fix that!” Pilate laughs.
Everyone involved in Bay Area hip-hop has vivid memories of MC Hammer blowing up. Near-mythical stories of his local takeover abound, like attending local concerts surrounded by a massive crew; or tearing up the dance floor at The Silks, a popular nightclub in Emeryville.
Today, it’s worth revisiting Feel My Power and 1988’s Let’s Get It Started. Released after Hammer signed with Capitol Records, Let’s Get It Started found Hammer and Pilate remixing those original demos while adding vital new tracks like “Pump It Up.” The results are bombastic and vibrant dance-floor jams as ecstatic as anything by Kid ‘n’ Play and Salt-n-Pepa. Hammer’s subsequent leap into pop superstardom with 1990’s Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em and the ubiquity of “U Can’t Touch This” obscure just how great those early tracks are.
Eight Woofers in the Trunk
MC Hammer’s major-label arrival in 1988 capped a year of Bay Area hip-hop on the cusp of national exposure.
After Too Short issued Born to Mack in the fall of 1987 on his Dangerous Music label, Jive Records picked it up. (Dangerous Music also issued Dangerous Crew, a compilation of vital Bay Area acts like Spice-1, Rappin’ 4-Tay, and the female duo Danger Zone.) Digital Underground’s playful and psychedelic “Underwater Rimes / Your Life’s a Cartoon” led to a deal with Tommy Boy. Local talent waited in the wings, including rapper/producer Paris (A.T.C.’s “Cisco Jam”), Sway & King Tech (Flynamic Force EP), Dangerous Dame (“The Power That’s Packed”), and MC Twist and the Def Squad (“Just Rock”). And the late Cameron Paul, known for his “Beats & Pieces” breakbeats, remixed Queens trio Salt-n-Pepa’s 1987 track “Push It” into a global phenomenon.
Incidentally, the first local group to score a major label deal wasn’t Hammer, but Surf MCs, a Berkeley group that Profile Records promoted as a Beastie Boys-like rap/rock crossover. Their 1987 album Surf or Die proved a flop.
Yet the third moment that catalyzed Bay Area hip-hop wasn’t a singular record like Timex Social Club’s “Rumors,” or an artist like Hammer and Short. It was the sound of walloping, all-enveloping bass.
Made for surgically enhanced car and jeep stereos, the bass colossus is as much a feature of hip-hop in the mid-’80s as the pounding Roland TR-808 machine, from Rick Rubin’s production on LL Cool J’s “Rock the Bells” and T La Rock’s “It’s Yours” to Rodney O and DJ Joe Cooley’s “Everlasting Bass” and Dr. Dre’s work on Eazy-E’s “The Boyz-N-The Hood.” It also mirrors the crack-cocaine epidemic that began to blight and distort communities across the country. As street life turned treacherous, the specter of the hustler, and whether to become one, cast a growing shadow.
“Then the new style came, the bass got deeper / You gave up the mike and bought you a beeper / Do you want to rap or sell coke? / Brothers like you ain’t never broke,” Too Short memorably rapped on his 1989 hit, “Life Is…Too Short.”
Banjoko recalls how the presence of gangs transformed local shows. “You would see a bunch of people dressed up together [in the same gear], and you might assume they were a rap or dance crew. They were young drug lords,” he says. “You could get trampled, beat up or robbed by any of them. I remember 69 Ville being massively deep at the Fresh Fest and the [Run-DMC] Raising Hell tour. They were terrifying, straight up. You were going to tuck your chain, you were going to take your Kangol off, or they were going to take it.”
Rap imagery became more honest and explicit. Some like Richmond rapper Magic Mike, San Francisco’s Hugh EMC (“It’s the Game”), and Oakland’s Hollywood (“Gangster Rap”) seemed to embrace the hustler ethos, while cautiously adding verses about the consequences of that lifestyle. Then there was Oakland rapper Morocco Moe, whose “Task” criticized how law enforcement brutalized communities in the War on Drugs: “Their intentions are good/But their actions are wrong.”
“Every Black neighborhood was infested” with crack, says Vallejo producer Khayree Shaheed. “There was an influx of money coming into young Black men, but there was also a lot of death occurring.” The epidemic also marked his entry into the world of rap.
As a descendant of the Bay Area’s vaunted funk tradition, Khayree spent the ’70s and early ’80s playing bass guitar for bands like Grand Larceny, Body Mind & Spirit and Touch of Class (with keyboardist Rosie Gaines, who later joined Prince & the New Power Generation). His travels took him across the U.S. and even to Japan, where Touch of Class lived and performed for several months. (Though his bands made demos, there are no official recordings to date.) When asked about the first time he heard rap, Khayree cites “jazzoetry” ensembles like The Last Poets, not the Sugarhill Gang. And as a youth growing up on Lofas Place in Vallejo, he spent plenty of time following Con Funk Shun, hoping to apprentice with the biggest band in the city.
Khayree was in his mid-20s when Rod “I.C.E.” Andrews and Dan “Luvva D” Morrison a.k.a. the Luvva Twins brought Khayree a demo they had made on a Casio keyboard, “Hubba Head.” The song title was slang for a crack addict, and the duo described the “hubba head’s” descent into addiction with charismatic punch. They arranged the music and rapped most of the lyrics, while Khayree dropped a short verse and added guitar.
Khayree had already spent time at Pilate’s home studio, honing his writing and production skills. (“I always enjoyed working with him,” says Pilate.) Now, he brought “Hubba Head” to Pilate, and the two prepared it for release. Setting up his own label, Big Bank Records, Khayree distributed two hundred copies of the 12” to DJs and influencers. “The record was super popular in the streets,” says Khayree.
After “Hubba Head,” Khayree began working with Jay King, a fellow graduate of Vallejo High School. The opportunity to write and produce New Choice’s 1987 single “Cold Stupid” and most of the quintet’s 1988 debut, At Last, gave him important experience on a major project and financial stability. By fusing bass, funky R&B and hip-hop breakbeats, New Choice reflected a parallel R&B movement that both influenced and was inspired by the hip-hop scene. Similar Bay Area acts included Oakland’s Tony! Toni! Toné!, who parlayed backing sessions for Sheila E. and Tramaine Hawkins into a major-label deal.
Flush from his experience with New Choice, Khayree was ready to start his own company. “I’m listening to EPMD’s Strictly Business,” he says, inspiring the name of his second label, Strictly Business Records. He knew that Mike “The Mac” Robinson, who also grew up on Lofas Place, was a rapper. Robinson hailed from a musical family: his uncle Steve “Silver” Scales was a well-traveled Vallejo funk percussionist who played with Talking Heads, Tom Tom Club, and the B-52s. (Though it would be a delicious coincidence, Scales didn’t perform on “Genius of Love.”) Khayree encouraged Robinson to take music more seriously. Meanwhile, Robinson’s mother drew the memorable Strictly Business logo: an open briefcase, ready for business.
In 1988, Khayree released The Mac’s three-song EP, “I’m Ah Big Mac.” Heard now, what immediately stands out is the unique tone of the bass. “We used synthesizers that had dumb-fat bass lines,” explains Khayree in reference to himself and Too Short as well as future Bay Area colleagues like Ant Banks. By comparison, he says, other regional scenes relied on a “natural” bass guitar or samples from records. “You feel it through your whole body. … You can get it with a bass guitar, depending on how you EQ the bass and what you run your guitar through. But you’re never going to touch the subs and the depth of a Minimoog, of the Oberheim Ovx, or the Roland Juno 106.” The EP’s highlight is its B-side “The Game Is Thick,” which centers on a sample of Prince’s “D.M.S.R.”
In 1989, Khayree remixed and re-released “The Game Is Thick” as a standalone 12” with a memorable cover photo: Khayree looking super-clean in a grey suit, clasping a briefcase, with The Mac in a red-and-black bomber jacket. Khayree calls the style “pimping.” “We didn’t mean pimping so much as getting prostitutes to work,” he explains. “It’s an attitude, and it’s a musical style.” The “game” is a metaphor for life in the Black community. Street slang illustrated complex situations, whether it was dealing with the repercussions of a raging crack epidemic, or simply navigating the tensions of everyday living. Meanwhile, The Mac’s “cool, silky, pimpish” flow and Khayree’s synthesized bass production proved a clear predecessor to the ’90s mob-music sound that took over Bay Area rap.
Upon release, “The Game Is Thick” didn’t make a major impact, and most copies went to local DJ pools. “We promoted records out of the trunk,” says Khayree. “We went from Bobby G’s Soul Disco in San Francisco to [Rico Casanova’s record pool] The Pros in Oakland.” Still, “The Game Is Thick” remix received a mention in Davey “D” Cook’s April 7, 1989 “Beats & Breaks” column for BAM Magazine. “Let me tell you, it’s hyped to the max,” Davey D wrote.
With Khayree’s encouragement, the Mac taught himself how to produce music with synth keyboards. He also introduced Khayree to another Vallejo artist, Andre “Mac Dre” Hicks, who became Strictly Business’ second act. By the time The Mac was shot and killed on July 23, 1991 in what Khayree calls “a case of mistaken identity,” the two had recorded dozens of tracks and released a third and final 12” protesting police violence, 1990’s “Enuff of Tis Sh-t!” One of The Mac’s beats posthumously appeared on Mac Dre’s 1993 track, “The M.A.C. & Mac D.R.E.”
“Mike had a big, big loving heart,” remembers Khayree, sounding wistful. He emphasizes how The Mac left behind a daughter, “Mac” Reina Robinson, and a pregnant girlfriend who gave birth to his son, Mike. At one point, Khayree plays a voicemail of The Mac passionately singing a funky, swinging hook, as if to counteract the stereotype that rappers aren’t musicians. He talks about how The Mac’s way of playing simple, evocative keyboard notes for maximum effect echoes in the work of his famed protégé, Mac Dre. “I miss him,” he says.
Sponsored
Bay Area rap broke wide at the end of the decade, leading to a 1989 story in the New York Times, “Rap by the Bay: Oakland Emerges as a Force in Pop.” Not every local pioneer who laid the groundwork would enjoy the fruits of that success. But their stories are essential to understanding how local hip-hop came of age, and everything that came after.
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After all, the legendary LGBTQ+ bar had been around in various incarnations since 1966, nurturing the weird, alternative and experimental pockets of queer performance in San Francisco ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud’s official reopening at its new South of Market location (1123-1125 Folsom Street) finally arrives this Saturday, April 20, with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> party celebrating its different eras. After a blessing from the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, festivities kick off at 6 p.m. with a 1960s cowboy-themed DJ set and performance. Each hour of the party will be dedicated to a different decade (“The Disco Era,” “The Club Kid Era”), culminating with a look into the future at midnight. Among the entertainers are original disco DJ Steve Fabus, who’s been spinning since the ’70s; drag diva (and fashion designer to the drag stars) Glamamore, performing an homage to the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13929572/heklina-castro-memorial\">Heklina\u003c/a>’s beloved party T-Shack; and multi-hyphenate artist Honey Mahogany, a Stud co-owner deeply involved in San Francisco politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Stud gears up for its grand reopening, Mahogany spoke with KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi about what lies ahead in this new iteration of San Francisco’s oldest queer bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13915269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13915269\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honey Mahogany speaks during a rally after the Trans March in San Francisco on June 24, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Adhiti Bandlamudi:\u003c/strong> The Stud has such a rich history, and the theme of tomorrow’s opening night party reflects that. Can you tell us more about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Honey Mahogany:\u003c/strong> The Stud first opened in 1966. It’s been the living room for so many people, not just in the neighborhood, but across the country. During the ’60s, it really started off as a leather bar, and then really became more of a Western bar. But it quickly evolved into a place where everyone felt welcome — whether it be women, queers, hair fairies or trans people. So many different groups and communities feel welcome at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My favorite story of the Stud is that during the ’60s … Huey Newton, who was one of the leaders of the Black Panther Party, made this incredible speech where he talked about building unity between the women’s movement and the LGBTQ movement. One of the first places that the LGBTQ Liberation Front and the Black Panther Party actually met was at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Stud has faced several closures in the past. And every time that idea became more of a reality, it sounds like community members who really care about the bar came together to keep it alive. In 2016, when the previous owner was going to retire, you and other artists, DJs and performers got together and started the Stud Collective. As I understand it, it’s one of the first co-op nightclubs in the country. How has this collective model made a difference as you get ready to open the state again?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was sort of, I don’t want to say an act of desperation, but so many LGBTQ nightlife venues were closing all across the country, and especially here in San Francisco. LGBTQ venues were being priced out. Certainly, that was the case with the Stud, where the previous owner was just like, “I can’t afford to pay triple what I was paying in rent. So I can’t do this anymore.” And he really made a callout to the community, hoping that someone would come and save the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud has always been kind of a dive bar \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>more of a community space than a big moneymaker. So a bunch of us who could not have afforded to buy the bar on our own \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>a group of 17 \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span> worked to build the collective, set up a system of rules, come up with a plan for how we were going to save the Stud, and we were successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I won’t say that it was easy. It was lots of long nights, lots of arguments, lots of personalities and ideas. But ultimately, I do think that having collective ownership of a space like the Stud is really important because it ensures that the space remains open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880908\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float--160x115.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Stud’s first Pride float in 1974. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of The Stud)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’m curious to understand more about that journey, especially because of COVID and the aftereffects of it. What has that journey been like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID was a real bummer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>To say the least. \u003c/strong>[aside postid='arts_13936556']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We actually shut down relatively early, because we didn’t know what was going to happen or how soon we were going to open up. We also knew that we couldn’t afford to keep going. Actually, we did not go completely dark. We very quickly hopped online, hosting drag shows and DJ parties on the weekends, so people could safely enjoy performance art and drag and music from their own homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s also been some fundraising that’s been going on. \u003ca href=\"https://givebutter.com/c/Stud2024\">The crowdfunding goal\u003c/a> is $500,000, and last I checked, like $74,000 had been donated. And people are still donating.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowdfunding is just one part of where we’ve been raising money. We’ve been raising money through other spaces as well — selling some assets and things like that. And so right now we’re just above $425,000 that we’ve been able to pull together. So that leaves about $75,000 left that we have to raise. And we are really excited, because it’s enabled us to get this far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 655px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880907\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg\" alt=\"A black-and-white photo of a drag queen nun and two mustached men partying.\" width=\"655\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg 655w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Partygoers at the Stud, including a Sister of Perpetual Indulgence, in 1991. \u003ccite>(Melissa Hawkins)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But that $75,000 is going to be really key into seeing the longevity of the Stud, and also to really make the Stud what it used to be, which was not just a dance bar or a dance space, but also a place where there were epic, life-changing performances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space that we’ve taken over now is so cool, but it is not a performance space. We’ve got two separate bar areas and dance floors. But we do not have a stage. We do not have a dressing room. We do not have an area for the performers to be able to use the restroom and get changed and all of that stuff. So we want to take out the industrial kitchen that takes up a quarter of the bar currently, convert that into dressing rooms and bathrooms for the performers, and then also build out a stage so that we can bring back those epic Stud drag shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the ways in which we are incentivizing people to help us get to that $500,000 goal is we have the Stud’s opening night party this Saturday. We released tickets on Monday and, within six minutes, all sold out. There will be some tickets at the door. But folks are definitely planning on getting there early. [aside postid='arts_13953497']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The new Stud won’t just be a nightclub, right? There are plans to include a school that will teach the art of drag. Can you tell me more about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are planning on opening the drag school. It’s going to be a collaboration between the Stud and CounterPulse. It’s going to be a bit of an interesting model because a lot of the classes will probably be off-site. But we are definitely going to train people in the art of drag, help them get their starts, provide them with mentors, bring specialists in — costuming, makeup, hair and performance and dance — and really give them the tools that they need to be successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Stud is located at 1123-1125 Folsom Street. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">The Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> reopening party begins at 5:30 p.m. on April 20. \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/studsf\">Follow the Stud on Instagram\u003c/a> for updates on business hours and future events.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The historic bar's new SoMa location debuts with a time machine-themed party celebrating its different eras.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713559167,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":24,"wordCount":1384},"headData":{"title":"The Stud, SF's Oldest Queer Bar, Gears Up for a Grand Reopening | KQED","description":"The historic bar's new SoMa location debuts with a time machine-themed party celebrating its different eras.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Stud, SF's Oldest Queer Bar, Gears Up for a Grand Reopening","datePublished":"2024-04-19T18:34:21.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T20:39:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-41c5-bcaf-aaef00f5a073/7fc79c25-862e-45d6-a298-b157011425d9/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956246/the-stud-san-francisco-lgbtq-bar-reopening","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When \u003ca href=\"https://www.studsf.com/\">the Stud\u003c/a> closed its doors at the onset of the pandemic in 2020, its worker-owner collective vowed to one day return. After all, the legendary LGBTQ+ bar had been around in various incarnations since 1966, nurturing the weird, alternative and experimental pockets of queer performance in San Francisco ever since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud’s official reopening at its new South of Market location (1123-1125 Folsom Street) finally arrives this Saturday, April 20, with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> party celebrating its different eras. After a blessing from the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence, festivities kick off at 6 p.m. with a 1960s cowboy-themed DJ set and performance. Each hour of the party will be dedicated to a different decade (“The Disco Era,” “The Club Kid Era”), culminating with a look into the future at midnight. Among the entertainers are original disco DJ Steve Fabus, who’s been spinning since the ’70s; drag diva (and fashion designer to the drag stars) Glamamore, performing an homage to the late \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13929572/heklina-castro-memorial\">Heklina\u003c/a>’s beloved party T-Shack; and multi-hyphenate artist Honey Mahogany, a Stud co-owner deeply involved in San Francisco politics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Stud gears up for its grand reopening, Mahogany spoke with KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi about what lies ahead in this new iteration of San Francisco’s oldest queer bar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13915269\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13915269\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1278\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1020x679.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2022/06/RS56925_024_KQED_SFTransMarch_06242022-qut-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Honey Mahogany speaks during a rally after the Trans March in San Francisco on June 24, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Adhiti Bandlamudi:\u003c/strong> The Stud has such a rich history, and the theme of tomorrow’s opening night party reflects that. Can you tell us more about that?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Honey Mahogany:\u003c/strong> The Stud first opened in 1966. It’s been the living room for so many people, not just in the neighborhood, but across the country. During the ’60s, it really started off as a leather bar, and then really became more of a Western bar. But it quickly evolved into a place where everyone felt welcome — whether it be women, queers, hair fairies or trans people. So many different groups and communities feel welcome at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My favorite story of the Stud is that during the ’60s … Huey Newton, who was one of the leaders of the Black Panther Party, made this incredible speech where he talked about building unity between the women’s movement and the LGBTQ movement. One of the first places that the LGBTQ Liberation Front and the Black Panther Party actually met was at the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Stud has faced several closures in the past. And every time that idea became more of a reality, it sounds like community members who really care about the bar came together to keep it alive. In 2016, when the previous owner was going to retire, you and other artists, DJs and performers got together and started the Stud Collective. As I understand it, it’s one of the first co-op nightclubs in the country. How has this collective model made a difference as you get ready to open the state again?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was sort of, I don’t want to say an act of desperation, but so many LGBTQ nightlife venues were closing all across the country, and especially here in San Francisco. LGBTQ venues were being priced out. Certainly, that was the case with the Stud, where the previous owner was just like, “I can’t afford to pay triple what I was paying in rent. So I can’t do this anymore.” And he really made a callout to the community, hoping that someone would come and save the Stud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Stud has always been kind of a dive bar \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>more of a community space than a big moneymaker. So a bunch of us who could not have afforded to buy the bar on our own \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">— \u003c/span>a group of 17 \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">—\u003c/span> worked to build the collective, set up a system of rules, come up with a plan for how we were going to save the Stud, and we were successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I won’t say that it was easy. It was lots of long nights, lots of arguments, lots of personalities and ideas. But ultimately, I do think that having collective ownership of a space like the Stud is really important because it ensures that the space remains open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880908\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 720px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880908\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"720\" height=\"518\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float-.jpg 720w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/First-Stud-gay-pride-float--160x115.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Stud’s first Pride float in 1974. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of The Stud)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>I’m curious to understand more about that journey, especially because of COVID and the aftereffects of it. What has that journey been like?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>COVID was a real bummer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>To say the least. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13936556","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We actually shut down relatively early, because we didn’t know what was going to happen or how soon we were going to open up. We also knew that we couldn’t afford to keep going. Actually, we did not go completely dark. We very quickly hopped online, hosting drag shows and DJ parties on the weekends, so people could safely enjoy performance art and drag and music from their own homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>There’s also been some fundraising that’s been going on. \u003ca href=\"https://givebutter.com/c/Stud2024\">The crowdfunding goal\u003c/a> is $500,000, and last I checked, like $74,000 had been donated. And people are still donating.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crowdfunding is just one part of where we’ve been raising money. We’ve been raising money through other spaces as well — selling some assets and things like that. And so right now we’re just above $425,000 that we’ve been able to pull together. So that leaves about $75,000 left that we have to raise. And we are really excited, because it’s enabled us to get this far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13880907\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 655px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13880907\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg\" alt=\"A black-and-white photo of a drag queen nun and two mustached men partying.\" width=\"655\" height=\"434\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins.jpg 655w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2020/05/The-Stud-1991-photo-by-Melissa-Hawkins-160x106.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 655px) 100vw, 655px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Partygoers at the Stud, including a Sister of Perpetual Indulgence, in 1991. \u003ccite>(Melissa Hawkins)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But that $75,000 is going to be really key into seeing the longevity of the Stud, and also to really make the Stud what it used to be, which was not just a dance bar or a dance space, but also a place where there were epic, life-changing performances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The space that we’ve taken over now is so cool, but it is not a performance space. We’ve got two separate bar areas and dance floors. But we do not have a stage. We do not have a dressing room. We do not have an area for the performers to be able to use the restroom and get changed and all of that stuff. So we want to take out the industrial kitchen that takes up a quarter of the bar currently, convert that into dressing rooms and bathrooms for the performers, and then also build out a stage so that we can bring back those epic Stud drag shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the ways in which we are incentivizing people to help us get to that $500,000 goal is we have the Stud’s opening night party this Saturday. We released tickets on Monday and, within six minutes, all sold out. There will be some tickets at the door. But folks are definitely planning on getting there early. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13953497","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The new Stud won’t just be a nightclub, right? There are plans to include a school that will teach the art of drag. Can you tell me more about that?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We are planning on opening the drag school. It’s going to be a collaboration between the Stud and CounterPulse. It’s going to be a bit of an interesting model because a lot of the classes will probably be off-site. But we are definitely going to train people in the art of drag, help them get their starts, provide them with mentors, bring specialists in — costuming, makeup, hair and performance and dance — and really give them the tools that they need to be successful.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The Stud is located at 1123-1125 Folsom Street. \u003ca href=\"https://www.eventbrite.com/e/stud-time-machine-tickets-883890850327\">The Stud Time Machine\u003c/a> reopening party begins at 5:30 p.m. on April 20. \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/studsf\">Follow the Stud on Instagram\u003c/a> for updates on business hours and future events.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956246/the-stud-san-francisco-lgbtq-bar-reopening","authors":["11387","11672"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_235"],"tags":["arts_10278","arts_3226","arts_5351","arts_1146"],"featImg":"arts_13934323","label":"arts"},"arts_13956218":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956218","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956218","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"late-night-taiwanese-beef-noodle-soup-stinky-tofu-oakland-chinatown","title":"This Sleek Taiwanese Street Food Lounge Serves Beef Noodle Soup Until 2:30 a.m.","publishDate":1713487017,"format":"aside","headTitle":"This Sleek Taiwanese Street Food Lounge Serves Beef Noodle Soup Until 2:30 a.m. | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956224\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956224\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown.jpg\" alt=\"Two men devouring a bowl of soup noodles and a plate of fried tofu, with chopsticks in their hands.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lounge Chinatown serves an array of Taiwanese street food classics — including stinky tofu — until 2:30 a.m. every night. \u003ccite>(Thien Pham)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/the-midnight-diners\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Midnight Diners\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is a regular collaboration between KQED food editor Luke Tsai and artist Thien Pham. Follow them each week as they explore the hot pot restaurants, taco carts and 24-hour casino buffets that make up the Bay Area’s after-hours dining scene.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much has been written about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/02/americas-chinatowns-are-disappearing/581767/\">demise of the American Chinatown\u003c/a>, as well as the specific troubles that have plagued Oakland Chinatown in recent years — a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/08/01/oakland-chinatown-faces-a-dual-pandemic-of-violence-covid/\">double whammy\u003c/a> of pandemic-related doldrums and \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2021/02/12/oakland-chinatown-policing-hate-crimes-community/\">fears about anti-Asian violence\u003c/a>. These days, the neighborhood feels like a ghost town anytime after 6 o’clock at night, to say nothing of the late-night jook and roast duck feasts I remember enjoying even just five or six years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d never guess at any of this, though, if your only data point was Lounge Chinatown, a stylish Taiwanese bar and restaurant that opened in December of 2022 with the explicit intention of being a late-night destination: It serves its massive menu of Taiwanese and Chinese street food specialties until 2:30 a.m., seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Run by the folks behind Dragon Gate (\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13918993/dragon-gate-oakland-taiwanese-restaurant-reopening-karaoke\">another classic Oakland night spot\u003c/a>), Lounge stands out like a gaudily neon-lit, bamboo-bedecked beacon amid the well-weathered storefronts and boarded-up windows of 8th Street, in the heart of Chinatown. At a little past 9 o’clock on a recent Thursday night, it was one of just a small handful of places in the entire neighborhood that was still open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing you notice about Lounge Chinatown is the decor, which is so hiply and aggressively Asia-fied in its aesthetics that 20-year-old me, at the very height of my AZN pride, would have \u003ci>eaten it up\u003c/i> — all sleek red leather booths, lucky cat figurines and sexily back-lit Taiwanese whiskey bottles. Five or six different kinds of light fixtures, all designed to resemble various paper lanterns, bask the dining room in a nightclub-like glow. Meanwhile, a mural running the length of the restaurant depicts an unidentified Asian night market scene in such a way that the night market looks like the coolest damn place in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the kind of restaurant where you might imagine Jet Li — or Son Goku, at the height of his powers — strolling in for a late-night bowl of noodles. And, honest to God, even middle-aged me found the whole vibe to be pretty badass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956225\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956225\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2.jpg\" alt='Exterior of a restaurant on a dark street. The sign reads \"Lounge Chinatown,\" and the entrance is suffused in glowing purple light.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The restaurant’s aggressively Asia-fied aesthetics are a whole vibe. \u003ccite>(Thien Pham)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The main reason we’d come, however, is because I can never resist the siren call of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13940133/stinky-tofu-childrens-book-ra-pu-zel\">stinky tofu\u003c/a> — or of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13897272/bay-area-taiwanese-food-scene-nostalgia\">Taiwanese street food\u003c/a>, more broadly. Even more so when it’s still available hours after midnight. As it turns out, the menu covers a surprisingly (and intimidatingly) vast range of Chinese and Taiwanese food genres, running the gamut from meat skewers to hot pot and malatang. You’ll do very well for yourself if you stick to the most famous Taiwanese classics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you aren’t unnecessarily squeamish, you’ll start, as we did, with an order of the fried stinky tofu, which arrives at the table crisp-edged and deliciously pungent, served with all the standard accompaniments: pickled cabbage, soy paste dressing and a dollop of chili sauce. It’s about as tasty a version as you can find in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID='arts_13955884,arts_13951914,arts_13952823']\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>The best way to sample a bunch of things is to order one of the bento boxes, which come with a big scoop of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13897498/mama-liu-lu-rou-fan-taiwanese-food-comic\">lu rou fan\u003c/a> (braised pork rice), pickles, sautéed greens and a marinated egg. We went with the fried pork chop — a nostalgic classic for anyone who’s ever bought a boxed lunch at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eater.com/2019/3/6/18241749/bento-box-best-food-train-stations-taiwan\">train station in Taiwan\u003c/a>. Lounge’s version hits all the right notes: the jolt of five-spice powder on the crunchy batter, the juiciness and lavish fattiness of the thick, bone-in chop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the star of the menu has got to be the beef noodle soup, a faithful rendition of one of Taiwan’s most famous dishes. The noodles are thick and chewy. The generous chunks of beef shank and tendon are slow-cooked to a jiggly, luxurious tenderness. And the broth? Spicy and savory, heavy on the tongue-numbing Sichuan peppercorn — almost \u003ci>too \u003c/i>boldly flavorful for me to finish the entire bowl, making it perfect for sharing. It’s pure comfort food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ll have to come back again, with more stomach space or a larger group, to try the extensive selection of lu wei, a uniquely Taiwanese genre of cold, braised street snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My usual worry with a place like Lounge Chinatown is that it’ll be too loud or too trendy — too many weekend karaoke warriors singing badly in public. But the truth is, the restaurant was busy during our visit but not exceptionally so. The vibe was more Chill Place for Quiet Conversation than it was Loud Party Zone. Like the rest of Chinatown, it seems, the restaurant is just starting to get things rolling again. And I, for one, am ready to see what it looks like when it really hits its stride.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Lounge Chinatown is open 10:30 a.m.–2:30 a.m. daily at 366 8th St. in Oakland.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Oakland Chinatown nightlife is alive and well — and delicious — at Lounge Chinatown. ","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713487054,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":943},"headData":{"title":"Oakland Chinatown Late-Night Restaurant Serves Taiwanese Beef Noodle Soup and Stinky Tofu | KQED","description":"Oakland Chinatown nightlife is alive and well — and delicious — at Lounge Chinatown. ","ogTitle":"This Sleek Taiwanese Street Food Lounge Serves Beef Noodle Soup Until 2:30 a.m.","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"This Sleek Taiwanese Street Food Lounge Serves Beef Noodle Soup Until 2:30 a.m.","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Oakland Chinatown Late-Night Restaurant Serves Taiwanese Beef Noodle Soup and Stinky Tofu%%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"This Sleek Taiwanese Street Food Lounge Serves Beef Noodle Soup Until 2:30 a.m.","datePublished":"2024-04-19T00:36:57.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T00:37:34.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"The Midnight Diners","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/the-midnight-diners","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956218/late-night-taiwanese-beef-noodle-soup-stinky-tofu-oakland-chinatown","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956224\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956224\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown.jpg\" alt=\"Two men devouring a bowl of soup noodles and a plate of fried tofu, with chopsticks in their hands.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lounge Chinatown serves an array of Taiwanese street food classics — including stinky tofu — until 2:30 a.m. every night. \u003ccite>(Thien Pham)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/tag/the-midnight-diners\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The Midnight Diners\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is a regular collaboration between KQED food editor Luke Tsai and artist Thien Pham. Follow them each week as they explore the hot pot restaurants, taco carts and 24-hour casino buffets that make up the Bay Area’s after-hours dining scene.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Much has been written about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/technology/archive/2019/02/americas-chinatowns-are-disappearing/581767/\">demise of the American Chinatown\u003c/a>, as well as the specific troubles that have plagued Oakland Chinatown in recent years — a \u003ca href=\"https://www.mercurynews.com/2022/08/01/oakland-chinatown-faces-a-dual-pandemic-of-violence-covid/\">double whammy\u003c/a> of pandemic-related doldrums and \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2021/02/12/oakland-chinatown-policing-hate-crimes-community/\">fears about anti-Asian violence\u003c/a>. These days, the neighborhood feels like a ghost town anytime after 6 o’clock at night, to say nothing of the late-night jook and roast duck feasts I remember enjoying even just five or six years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You’d never guess at any of this, though, if your only data point was Lounge Chinatown, a stylish Taiwanese bar and restaurant that opened in December of 2022 with the explicit intention of being a late-night destination: It serves its massive menu of Taiwanese and Chinese street food specialties until 2:30 a.m., seven days a week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Run by the folks behind Dragon Gate (\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13918993/dragon-gate-oakland-taiwanese-restaurant-reopening-karaoke\">another classic Oakland night spot\u003c/a>), Lounge stands out like a gaudily neon-lit, bamboo-bedecked beacon amid the well-weathered storefronts and boarded-up windows of 8th Street, in the heart of Chinatown. At a little past 9 o’clock on a recent Thursday night, it was one of just a small handful of places in the entire neighborhood that was still open.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first thing you notice about Lounge Chinatown is the decor, which is so hiply and aggressively Asia-fied in its aesthetics that 20-year-old me, at the very height of my AZN pride, would have \u003ci>eaten it up\u003c/i> — all sleek red leather booths, lucky cat figurines and sexily back-lit Taiwanese whiskey bottles. Five or six different kinds of light fixtures, all designed to resemble various paper lanterns, bask the dining room in a nightclub-like glow. Meanwhile, a mural running the length of the restaurant depicts an unidentified Asian night market scene in such a way that the night market looks like the coolest damn place in the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the kind of restaurant where you might imagine Jet Li — or Son Goku, at the height of his powers — strolling in for a late-night bowl of noodles. And, honest to God, even middle-aged me found the whole vibe to be pretty badass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956225\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956225\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2.jpg\" alt='Exterior of a restaurant on a dark street. The sign reads \"Lounge Chinatown,\" and the entrance is suffused in glowing purple light.' width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Lounge-Chinatown-2-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The restaurant’s aggressively Asia-fied aesthetics are a whole vibe. \u003ccite>(Thien Pham)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The main reason we’d come, however, is because I can never resist the siren call of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13940133/stinky-tofu-childrens-book-ra-pu-zel\">stinky tofu\u003c/a> — or of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13897272/bay-area-taiwanese-food-scene-nostalgia\">Taiwanese street food\u003c/a>, more broadly. Even more so when it’s still available hours after midnight. As it turns out, the menu covers a surprisingly (and intimidatingly) vast range of Chinese and Taiwanese food genres, running the gamut from meat skewers to hot pot and malatang. You’ll do very well for yourself if you stick to the most famous Taiwanese classics.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you aren’t unnecessarily squeamish, you’ll start, as we did, with an order of the fried stinky tofu, which arrives at the table crisp-edged and deliciously pungent, served with all the standard accompaniments: pickled cabbage, soy paste dressing and a dollop of chili sauce. It’s about as tasty a version as you can find in the East Bay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955884,arts_13951914,arts_13952823","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>The best way to sample a bunch of things is to order one of the bento boxes, which come with a big scoop of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13897498/mama-liu-lu-rou-fan-taiwanese-food-comic\">lu rou fan\u003c/a> (braised pork rice), pickles, sautéed greens and a marinated egg. We went with the fried pork chop — a nostalgic classic for anyone who’s ever bought a boxed lunch at a \u003ca href=\"https://www.eater.com/2019/3/6/18241749/bento-box-best-food-train-stations-taiwan\">train station in Taiwan\u003c/a>. Lounge’s version hits all the right notes: the jolt of five-spice powder on the crunchy batter, the juiciness and lavish fattiness of the thick, bone-in chop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the star of the menu has got to be the beef noodle soup, a faithful rendition of one of Taiwan’s most famous dishes. The noodles are thick and chewy. The generous chunks of beef shank and tendon are slow-cooked to a jiggly, luxurious tenderness. And the broth? Spicy and savory, heavy on the tongue-numbing Sichuan peppercorn — almost \u003ci>too \u003c/i>boldly flavorful for me to finish the entire bowl, making it perfect for sharing. It’s pure comfort food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ll have to come back again, with more stomach space or a larger group, to try the extensive selection of lu wei, a uniquely Taiwanese genre of cold, braised street snacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>My usual worry with a place like Lounge Chinatown is that it’ll be too loud or too trendy — too many weekend karaoke warriors singing badly in public. But the truth is, the restaurant was busy during our visit but not exceptionally so. The vibe was more Chill Place for Quiet Conversation than it was Loud Party Zone. Like the rest of Chinatown, it seems, the restaurant is just starting to get things rolling again. And I, for one, am ready to see what it looks like when it really hits its stride.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Lounge Chinatown is open 10:30 a.m.–2:30 a.m. daily at 366 8th St. in Oakland.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956218/late-night-taiwanese-beef-noodle-soup-stinky-tofu-oakland-chinatown","authors":["11743","11753"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_12276"],"tags":["arts_2654","arts_21727","arts_10278","arts_1297","arts_8805","arts_1143","arts_14396","arts_15151","arts_21928"],"featImg":"arts_13956223","label":"source_arts_13956218"},"arts_13955953":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13955953","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13955953","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"free-ice-cream-ben-jerrys-april-16","title":"You Can Get Free Ice Cream on Tuesday — No Catch","publishDate":1713201034,"format":"standard","headTitle":"You Can Get Free Ice Cream on Tuesday — No Catch | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>If free ice cream sounds like a rewarding encore to finishing your taxes, look no further: Ben & Jerry’s is giving away free ice cream at its storefronts for eight hours, from noon–8 p.m., on Tuesday, April 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors get one cone or cup each per visit and, notably, can come back as many times as they want on Tuesday for more. There is no catch — just walk up and leave with any flavor of your choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company started Free Cone Day at its U.S. shops in 1993, and boasts that by 2015, it began giving away over 1 million cones in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID='arts_13933705']\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>Ben & Jerry’s has also given away free ice cream on special occasions to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/Ben-Jerry-s-giving-away-ice-cream-for-police-15350523.php\">support police accountability\u003c/a>, and to marijuana buyers to \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/04/19/4-20-ben-jerrys-offers-free-ice-some-california-pot-buyers/3520130002/\">raise awareness about racial inequities in the criminal justice system\u003c/a>. Earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ufcw.org/actions/campaign/ben-jerrys-union/\">Ben & Jerry’s workers\u003c/a> in Vermont ratified their \u003ca href=\"https://www.rakevt.org/2024/01/18/ben-jerrys-workers-ratify-landmark-first-union-contract/\">first union contract\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The annual free ice cream day went on hold during the pandemic, but returned in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the Ben & Jerry’s locations giving out free ice cream on April 16 below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nHaight-Ashbury (1480 Haight Street, San Francisco)\u003cbr>\nFisherman’s Wharf (Pier 41, San Francisco)\u003cbr>\nThe Argonaut Hotel (475 Jefferson Street, near Fisherman’s Wharf, San Francisco)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJack London Square (505 Embarcadero W., Oakland)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Napa\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDowntown Napa (1136 Main St., Napa)\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Ben & Jerry's reprises its annual Free Cone Day.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713201188,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":246},"headData":{"title":"Free Ice Cream at Ben & Jerry's on Tuesday, April 16 | KQED","description":"Ben & Jerry's reprises its annual Free Cone Day.","ogTitle":"You Can Get Free Ice Cream on Tuesday — No Catch","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"You Can Get Free Ice Cream on Tuesday — No Catch","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Free Ice Cream at Ben & Jerry's on Tuesday, April 16 %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"You Can Get Free Ice Cream on Tuesday — No Catch","datePublished":"2024-04-15T17:10:34.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-15T17:13:08.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/food","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13955953/free-ice-cream-ben-jerrys-april-16","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If free ice cream sounds like a rewarding encore to finishing your taxes, look no further: Ben & Jerry’s is giving away free ice cream at its storefronts for eight hours, from noon–8 p.m., on Tuesday, April 16.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Visitors get one cone or cup each per visit and, notably, can come back as many times as they want on Tuesday for more. There is no catch — just walk up and leave with any flavor of your choice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The company started Free Cone Day at its U.S. shops in 1993, and boasts that by 2015, it began giving away over 1 million cones in a single day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13933705","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>Ben & Jerry’s has also given away free ice cream on special occasions to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/local/article/Ben-Jerry-s-giving-away-ice-cream-for-police-15350523.php\">support police accountability\u003c/a>, and to marijuana buyers to \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/money/2019/04/19/4-20-ben-jerrys-offers-free-ice-some-california-pot-buyers/3520130002/\">raise awareness about racial inequities in the criminal justice system\u003c/a>. Earlier this year, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ufcw.org/actions/campaign/ben-jerrys-union/\">Ben & Jerry’s workers\u003c/a> in Vermont ratified their \u003ca href=\"https://www.rakevt.org/2024/01/18/ben-jerrys-workers-ratify-landmark-first-union-contract/\">first union contract\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The annual free ice cream day went on hold during the pandemic, but returned in 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>See the Ben & Jerry’s locations giving out free ice cream on April 16 below:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>San Francisco\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nHaight-Ashbury (1480 Haight Street, San Francisco)\u003cbr>\nFisherman’s Wharf (Pier 41, San Francisco)\u003cbr>\nThe Argonaut Hotel (475 Jefferson Street, near Fisherman’s Wharf, San Francisco)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Oakland\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nJack London Square (505 Embarcadero W., Oakland)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Napa\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nDowntown Napa (1136 Main St., Napa)\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13955953/free-ice-cream-ben-jerrys-april-16","authors":["185"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_12276"],"tags":["arts_1297","arts_659","arts_22078","arts_585"],"featImg":"arts_13955963","label":"source_arts_13955953"},"arts_13956178":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956178","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956178","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"minnie-bells-soul-food-restaurant-fillmore-sf-opening","title":"Minnie Bell’s New Soul Food Restaurant in the Fillmore Is a Homecoming","publishDate":1713465326,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Minnie Bell’s New Soul Food Restaurant in the Fillmore Is a Homecoming | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Chef Fernay McPherson has been serving her take on Southern comfort foods, like crispy rosemary fried chicken and apparently the Bay Area’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/restaurants/article/an-ode-to-minnie-bell-s-gooey-mac-and-cheese-16012173.php\">best mac and cheese\u003c/a>, at her stall at The Public Market Food Hall in Emeryville since 2018. But she has long \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11800814/a-black-chefs-dream-of-returning-to-the-fillmore\">dreamed\u003c/a> of running a restaurant in her hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My quest was to find a space in San Francisco and preferably in the Fillmore,” McPherson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grew up in that neighborhood, once known as the “Harlem of the West,” which used to be full of Black-owned businesses. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825401/how-urban-renewal-decimated-the-fillmore-district-and-took-jazz-with-it\">urban renewal\u003c/a> efforts from the 1950s through the 1970s forced tens of thousands of families to leave, and most businesses shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>WATCH KQED’s 1999 documentary on the history of Fillmore:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a8h2meDtdm8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few have remained, and in recent years, a citywide effort — the Dream Keeper Initiative — is trying to revitalize the area and help bring back Black-owned businesses, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954111/longtime-fillmore-resident-hopes-to-restore-commerce-with-black-led-marketplace\">In The Black\u003c/a>, a shared retail space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">[aside postID='arts_13900855,arts_13916044,arts_13874853']\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>The program helped make it possible for McPherson to realize her dream. On Friday, she’ll welcome the public to dine at Minnie Bell’s Soul Movement — a stand-alone brick-and-mortar version of the East Bay stall, featuring a similar menu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to be able to educate people who may not know what was here before,” says McPherson, wearing a blue-gray apron and a graphic T-shirt emblazoned with a photo of Whitney Houston, from inside the 40-seat establishment in the heart of the Fillmore District. “Share those stories that my dad, my aunt share with me about how rich this was and be able to represent the culture and look forward to seeing more of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her, food is personal, and the restaurant pays homage to her family history. One wall is decorated with a large mural of a photo of Fillmore Street in its heyday in the 1960s. Another wall has two large-scale photographs of her biggest inspirations — her grandma Lillie Bell and her great-aunt Minnie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956186\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956186\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A fresh batch of fried chicken is pulled out of the deep fryer.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pulling a fresh batch of rosemary fried chicken out of the fryer. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I picked these photos because I wanted a photo of them in their youth, like my aunt has on her cap and gown. She was graduating high school. My grandmother was about 21 and it was a professional portrait,” she says. “I just think they look so beautiful, and when I look up at these pictures, it just gives me all the strength that I need to get through my day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McPherson talked more about how important the past has been toward shaping her present with KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This conversation has been edited for clarity and brevity.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Adhiti Bandlamudi: Tell me more about your grandma and great aunt. How did their story manifest when it came to creating a menu and thinking about what experience you wanted to give at Minnie Bell’s Soul Movement?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Fernay McPherson:\u003c/b> While I may add a little twist to it, everything that I cook is food that I grew up eating. Before my family left Texas in the 1960s, my grandma made the chicken and pound cake for their journey into San Francisco. So we have that pound cake that she made — but [with] the addition of the caramel. I make it the same way that she taught me to make it. It was one of the cakes that everyone in the family wanted for their birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have fried chicken, which is the highlight of what we do, [and] the addition of the rosemary, is very San Francisco with so many rosemary bushes here. So those two married together — the flavors that migrated during the Great Migration with the fried chicken and then the freshness of the rosemary in the city, where I was born and raised. It’s like a perfect blend of Chef Fernay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>It almost seems like your approach to soul food is tradition with a little twist.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly! It’s tradition with a little twist. But the twists are not so much that it doesn’t display a homestyle comfort meal. That was so important for me, for people to eat the food and feel the comfort of home. In Emeryville, people would come and say, “Well, I’m from the South, so I’ll let you know how it tastes.” And I’m like, “Okay, that’s cool.” I know how it tastes [too], you know? But they would always come back and say, “That was so good, that really reminds me of home.” That is definitely the experience that I want people to get. Not too much of a twist, but the perfect twist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956187\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956187\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A chef picks fresh rosemary leaves.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">McPherson prepares rosemary alongside Mundo Pérez at her new Fillmore restaurant. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>You’ve been operating out of Emeryville since 2018, and now you’re getting ready to open up in San Francisco. You’ve wanted this for so long. What’s going through your mind right now?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a surreal experience. [To] be in the Fillmore, the community where I was born and raised, but also in a neighborhood that was rich in African-American culture, ownership, businesses, jazz clubs, just means so much, because I want to be able to represent a bygone era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am third generation. My aunt and dad talk about the history of the neighborhood. Then, I have my own history. So it’s three layers to what that history used to be. And by the time I was a teenager and walking around these streets, it was minimal Black businesses; whereas now, it’s almost nonexistent. So being a part of that revitalization is important, so that we can learn about the culture and know what used to be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Are any of your relatives, like Aunt Minnie, coming to the restaurant’s grand opening? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a private grand opening party on Thursday, when my Aunt Minnie will see her face on this wall for the first time. My parents, they’re still in the neighborhood. My aunt lives with them, so they’ll all be here. My brothers will be here. My children will be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956189\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A paper-lined basket of fried chicken on a countertop.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">McPherson’s famous rosemary fried chicken, ready to be eaten. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What do you plan to serve to Aunt Minnie ?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her, I will do candied yams, fried chicken, cornbread and greens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How might she respond? Are you ready for her critique?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She critiques it all the time! She tells me all the time you’re getting better and better. She has the food often. So when she comes in, it won’t be anything new. It just has to be right. Because if it’s not, she will let me know. But when she tells me, “This was delicious,” that’s all the validation I need.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.minniebellssoul.com/\">\u003ci>Minnie Bell’s Soul Movement\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is located at 1375 Fillmore St. in San Francisco.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Chef Fernay McPherson brings comfort classics like fried chicken and mac and cheese to her old neighborhood.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713466316,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":28,"wordCount":1225},"headData":{"title":"Minnie Bell’s New Soul Food Restaurant in the Fillmore Is a Homecoming | KQED","description":"Chef Fernay McPherson brings comfort classics like fried chicken and mac and cheese to her old neighborhood.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Minnie Bell’s New Soul Food Restaurant in the Fillmore Is a Homecoming","datePublished":"2024-04-18T18:35:26.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-18T18:51:56.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Food","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/food","audioUrl":"https://traffic.omny.fm/d/clips/0af137ef-751e-4b19-a055-aaef00d2d578/ffca7e9f-6831-4[…]f-aaef00f5a073/fa7e7425-862b-4a0d-92c1-b15601046432/audio.mp3","sticky":false,"excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956178/minnie-bells-soul-food-restaurant-fillmore-sf-opening","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Chef Fernay McPherson has been serving her take on Southern comfort foods, like crispy rosemary fried chicken and apparently the Bay Area’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/food/restaurants/article/an-ode-to-minnie-bell-s-gooey-mac-and-cheese-16012173.php\">best mac and cheese\u003c/a>, at her stall at The Public Market Food Hall in Emeryville since 2018. But she has long \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11800814/a-black-chefs-dream-of-returning-to-the-fillmore\">dreamed\u003c/a> of running a restaurant in her hometown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My quest was to find a space in San Francisco and preferably in the Fillmore,” McPherson says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She grew up in that neighborhood, once known as the “Harlem of the West,” which used to be full of Black-owned businesses. But \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11825401/how-urban-renewal-decimated-the-fillmore-district-and-took-jazz-with-it\">urban renewal\u003c/a> efforts from the 1950s through the 1970s forced tens of thousands of families to leave, and most businesses shut down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>WATCH KQED’s 1999 documentary on the history of Fillmore:\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/a8h2meDtdm8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/a8h2meDtdm8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A few have remained, and in recent years, a citywide effort — the Dream Keeper Initiative — is trying to revitalize the area and help bring back Black-owned businesses, like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11954111/longtime-fillmore-resident-hopes-to-restore-commerce-with-black-led-marketplace\">In The Black\u003c/a>, a shared retail space.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"color: #2b2b2b;font-weight: 400\">\u003cb>\u003cstrong>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13900855,arts_13916044,arts_13874853","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/span>\u003c/strong>\u003c/b>\u003c/span>The program helped make it possible for McPherson to realize her dream. On Friday, she’ll welcome the public to dine at Minnie Bell’s Soul Movement — a stand-alone brick-and-mortar version of the East Bay stall, featuring a similar menu.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to be able to educate people who may not know what was here before,” says McPherson, wearing a blue-gray apron and a graphic T-shirt emblazoned with a photo of Whitney Houston, from inside the 40-seat establishment in the heart of the Fillmore District. “Share those stories that my dad, my aunt share with me about how rich this was and be able to represent the culture and look forward to seeing more of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her, food is personal, and the restaurant pays homage to her family history. One wall is decorated with a large mural of a photo of Fillmore Street in its heyday in the 1960s. Another wall has two large-scale photographs of her biggest inspirations — her grandma Lillie Bell and her great-aunt Minnie.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956186\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956186\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A fresh batch of fried chicken is pulled out of the deep fryer.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-31-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Pulling a fresh batch of rosemary fried chicken out of the fryer. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I picked these photos because I wanted a photo of them in their youth, like my aunt has on her cap and gown. She was graduating high school. My grandmother was about 21 and it was a professional portrait,” she says. “I just think they look so beautiful, and when I look up at these pictures, it just gives me all the strength that I need to get through my day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>McPherson talked more about how important the past has been toward shaping her present with KQED’s Adhiti Bandlamudi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This conversation has been edited for clarity and brevity.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Adhiti Bandlamudi: Tell me more about your grandma and great aunt. How did their story manifest when it came to creating a menu and thinking about what experience you wanted to give at Minnie Bell’s Soul Movement?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Fernay McPherson:\u003c/b> While I may add a little twist to it, everything that I cook is food that I grew up eating. Before my family left Texas in the 1960s, my grandma made the chicken and pound cake for their journey into San Francisco. So we have that pound cake that she made — but [with] the addition of the caramel. I make it the same way that she taught me to make it. It was one of the cakes that everyone in the family wanted for their birthday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have fried chicken, which is the highlight of what we do, [and] the addition of the rosemary, is very San Francisco with so many rosemary bushes here. So those two married together — the flavors that migrated during the Great Migration with the fried chicken and then the freshness of the rosemary in the city, where I was born and raised. It’s like a perfect blend of Chef Fernay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>It almost seems like your approach to soul food is tradition with a little twist.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Exactly! It’s tradition with a little twist. But the twists are not so much that it doesn’t display a homestyle comfort meal. That was so important for me, for people to eat the food and feel the comfort of home. In Emeryville, people would come and say, “Well, I’m from the South, so I’ll let you know how it tastes.” And I’m like, “Okay, that’s cool.” I know how it tastes [too], you know? But they would always come back and say, “That was so good, that really reminds me of home.” That is definitely the experience that I want people to get. Not too much of a twist, but the perfect twist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956187\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956187\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A chef picks fresh rosemary leaves.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-35-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">McPherson prepares rosemary alongside Mundo Pérez at her new Fillmore restaurant. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>You’ve been operating out of Emeryville since 2018, and now you’re getting ready to open up in San Francisco. You’ve wanted this for so long. What’s going through your mind right now?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a surreal experience. [To] be in the Fillmore, the community where I was born and raised, but also in a neighborhood that was rich in African-American culture, ownership, businesses, jazz clubs, just means so much, because I want to be able to represent a bygone era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I am third generation. My aunt and dad talk about the history of the neighborhood. Then, I have my own history. So it’s three layers to what that history used to be. And by the time I was a teenager and walking around these streets, it was minimal Black businesses; whereas now, it’s almost nonexistent. So being a part of that revitalization is important, so that we can learn about the culture and know what used to be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Are any of your relatives, like Aunt Minnie, coming to the restaurant’s grand opening? \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a private grand opening party on Thursday, when my Aunt Minnie will see her face on this wall for the first time. My parents, they’re still in the neighborhood. My aunt lives with them, so they’ll all be here. My brothers will be here. My children will be here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956189\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956189\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"A paper-lined basket of fried chicken on a countertop.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-768x512.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/240416-MINNIESSOULFOOD-47-BL-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">McPherson’s famous rosemary fried chicken, ready to be eaten. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>What do you plan to serve to Aunt Minnie ?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For her, I will do candied yams, fried chicken, cornbread and greens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>How might she respond? Are you ready for her critique?\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She critiques it all the time! She tells me all the time you’re getting better and better. She has the food often. So when she comes in, it won’t be anything new. It just has to be right. Because if it’s not, she will let me know. But when she tells me, “This was delicious,” that’s all the validation I need.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.minniebellssoul.com/\">\u003ci>Minnie Bell’s Soul Movement\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci> is located at 1375 Fillmore St. in San Francisco.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956178/minnie-bells-soul-food-restaurant-fillmore-sf-opening","authors":["11672","11724"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_12276","arts_235"],"tags":["arts_6357","arts_10278","arts_1806","arts_1297","arts_1050","arts_1146","arts_14729"],"featImg":"arts_13956188","label":"source_arts_13956178"},"arts_13956128":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956128","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956128","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"best-mysteries-and-thriller-novels-spring-2024","title":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","publishDate":1713390986,"format":"standard","headTitle":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":140,"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>Welcome back, mystery and thriller devotees! These books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin to an online community that might hold the solution to a missing-person case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy reading!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956153\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 834px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956153\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png\" alt=\"A red book cover illustrated with a winding aux cord.\" width=\"834\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-800x1163.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-768x1116.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera. \u003ccite>(Celadon Books)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Savannah Harper, the sweetheart of Plumpton, Texas, died from blows to her head. A few hours later, her best friend forever, Lucy Chase, was found wandering the town streets covered in blood. While Lucy was never formally charged with the murder, the community convicted her lock, stock and a full plate of barbecue. Five years later, Lucy has come home just as true-crime podcaster Ben Owens arrives to produce an episode of his show, \u003cem>Listen for the Lie.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13956050']As Ben encourages the tetchy, secretive Lucy to share her side of the story with him, she relaxes beneath his sunny, handsome gaze and starts to look at the truth. Unfortunately, truth doesn’t matter much to the residents of Plumpton, who long ago made up their minds about a young woman whose persona chafes against their ideas of femininity. Fortunately, by the time you meet the Plumptonites, you’ll have been mesmerized by Lucy’s hilarious, self-deprecating first-person narration. “It’s probably unfair to say that a podcast ruined my life,” she tells readers, and then, as she talks about making dinner during which she’ll break up with her clueless boyfriend: “Let this be a lesson to all the men out there who can’t handle conflict — man up and dump your girlfriend, or you might end up living with a suspected murder indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Podcast episodes interspersed between Lucy’s chapters form a clever way for Tintera (already a bestselling YA author; this is her debut for adults) to draw out the suspense. Revealing too much about the other characters might ruin that cleverness, but it’s important to note that even when the story has ended and the murderer found, there are secrets within secrets, the kind that women have long used to protect each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956154\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover illustrated with winding bare tree branches and two rabbit masks.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler. \u003ccite>(Henry Holt and Co.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abbott Kahler’s debut centers on a young woman named Katherine “Kat” Bird, who has a near-death experience after her car collides with a deer, and wakes to near-total amnesia. She remembers her twin sister, Jude, who tries to fill in all of the blanks in Kat’s memory, but as Kat slowly recovers, she realizes Jude’s recounting of events contradict her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did the sisters have an idyllic childhood, or were they raised in a cult? If the latter is true, why would Jude be trying to pretend it never happened? Kahler (who has written acclaimed nonfiction as Karen Abbott) constructs a thriller so perfectly paced that you actually will not be able to put it down. You’ll be longing at each step to see how much Kat remembers and how much Jude complicates the memories. Each clue (there are few pictures of the sisters together, for example) has a flip side, a structural technique that works particularly well since the book is set in 1970s Philadelphia, with all of that city’s grittiness, community, and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kahler based her novel on the real-life story of Alex and Marcus Lewis, 18-year-old British identical twins. In 1982, Alex awoke from a coma following a motorcycle accident and remembered nothing except his brother’s name and face; Marcus decided to use the opportunity to invent new lives for them both. Kahler expands on their situation by going deeper into the effects of trauma for women and girls, making \u003cem>Where You End\u003c/em> incredibly relevant, right up to the truly shocking ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956156\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956156\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a large house surrounded by water with a storm raging overhead.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh. \u003ccite>(Dutton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Answer to a question you didn’t ask: In the UK, the board game Clue is known as Cluedo, a portmanteau word for “clue” plus “ludo,” the Latin for “I play.” In Nishita Parekh’s debut, a locked-room mystery that toys with everyone’s memories of playing Clue, readers may want to keep that active verb in mind. Set in Houston among a group of upperclass suburban Desi friends, \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> puts family drama above anything resembling, say, \u003cem>Cape Fear\u003c/em>-style hijinks — but the word “storm” in the title can mean so many things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955903']Protagonist Jia Shah, single mom to Ishaan, decides they’ll both shelter from Hurricane Harvey at her sister Seema’s large home in Sugar Land. Seema’s husband Vipul and some of his relatives make things more complicated for Jia, through both their busy presence and because Jia and Vipul have some sexual tension going on; one of the things that makes this book fascinating is the look at a second-generation immigrant family enjoying their new country while also feeling the pull of hereditary expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for a thriller — and this book is labeled one — you’ve come to the wrong place. \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> resembles nothing so much as a Golden Age mystery, and if you appreciate those, you’ve come to the right place. Parekh has clearly read her Christie, Marsh, and Allingham; she also clearly relishes those authors and their attention to cohesion and convention. Come on in and shelter from this \u003cem>Storm\u003c/em> with a truly unreliable cast of characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956157\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 838px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956157\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman's face partially obscured by a finger print. \" width=\"838\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png 838w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-800x1155.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-160x231.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-768x1109.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody. \u003ccite>(Soho Crime)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, Teddy Angstrom’s older sister Angie disappeared at age 18. When their father chooses suicide on the anniversary of Angie’s death, the now 26-year-old Teddy leaves the private school in Maine where she teaches English for home to sort out family matters with her grieving mother. Teddy discovers Mark Angstrom had grown obsessed with Reddit boards about true crime, some of them specifically about Angie’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955214']Her initial look at the discussions soon turns into an obsession equaling her father’s, one that will pull her into the orbit of 19-year-old Mickey, a local college student with multiple tattoos and perhaps multiple motives for the assistance she gives Teddy. The weird friendship these women create reflects the darkness into which Teddy descends, continuing her addiction to the internet as she develops an addiction to alcohol, and accidentally outing herself as Angie’s sister to the various members of the Reddit boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brody wisely builds the suspense around Teddy’s dissolution and paranoia, rather than focusing on the details of Angie’s fate, creating an atmosphere so suffocating and panicky that readers will feel the effects of loss, grief, and confusion as surely as if they were inside Teddy’s very smart and once better-adjusted mind. Teddy’s longing not just for her sister’s survival but for their ability to share life as 20-somethings marks her more indelibly than Mickey’s body ink.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 820px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956158\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman dressed in conservative 1980s-era clothing stands, arms folded in front of a small yellow car and a wall of graffiti.\" width=\"820\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png 820w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-800x1182.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-160x236.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-768x1135.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay. \u003ccite>(Harper Muse)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brilliant cryptographer Luisa Voekler, whose talent was nurtured by her grandfather’s frequent code-based scavenger hunts, wants to move up in the CIA, but finds her career sidelined in the late 1980s as she translates World War II documents. One day she recognizes a tiny symbol that will lead her down a dangerous path. Her discovery involves her father, Haris, who remains in the East Berlin his family left in 1961 as the East German government put up a wall dividing the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13955156']Reay has written a number of novels based on Brontë and Austen characters, as well as a couple of lighthearted looks at women’s friendships in Illinois, but in 2021 she turned to darker territory, setting books about spycraft in London, Moscow — and now Berlin and Washington, D.C. The cover of \u003cem>The Berlin Letters\u003c/em> announces both its relatively recent time period, with the figure of a young woman dressed in contemporary clothing, yet also nods to the singularity of modern Berlin, with a backdrop of the Wall covered in graffiti and the trunk of an iconic East German Trabant or “Trabi” auto (known for being constructed from lightweight resin).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author knows East and West Berlin inside out, discussing details like the houses on Bernauer Strasse that allowed inhabitants, for a time, to easily defect simply by walking out of their front doors. However, those details never overwhelm a fast-paced story told by father and daughter from their different vantage points, as Luisa learns the truth of her past, and both stories reach the shocking, history-making night when The Berlin Wall fell on Nov. 9, 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bethanne Patrick is a freelance writer and critic who tweets \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/thebookmaven\">\u003cem>@TheBookMaven\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and hosts the podcast Missing Pages.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">visit NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+new+mysteries+and+thrillers+for+your+nightstand+this+spring&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"These thrilling new books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713390986,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":20,"wordCount":1583},"headData":{"title":"Best New Mystery and Thriller Novels for Spring 2024 | KQED","description":"These thrilling new books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin.","ogTitle":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"Best New Mystery and Thriller Novels for Spring 2024%%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"5 New Mysteries and Thrillers for Your Nightstand This Spring","datePublished":"2024-04-17T21:56:26.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-17T21:56:26.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"nprByline":"Bethanne Patrick","nprImageAgency":"NPR","nprStoryId":"1239716585","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=1239716585&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/2024/04/17/1239716585/5-new-mysteries-and-thrillers-spring-2024-reading-list-recommendations?ft=nprml&f=1239716585","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:29:00 -0400","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 17 Apr 2024 10:49:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 17 Apr 2024 11:29:14 -0400","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","showOnAuthorArchivePages":"No","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956128/best-mysteries-and-thriller-novels-spring-2024","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Welcome back, mystery and thriller devotees! These books will take you from murder in present-day Texas to cryptography in Cold War Berlin to an online community that might hold the solution to a missing-person case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Happy reading!\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956153\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 834px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956153\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png\" alt=\"A red book cover illustrated with a winding aux cord.\" width=\"834\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM.png 834w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-800x1163.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.42.17-PM-768x1116.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 834px) 100vw, 834px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Listen for the Lie’ by Amy Tintera. \u003ccite>(Celadon Books)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Savannah Harper, the sweetheart of Plumpton, Texas, died from blows to her head. A few hours later, her best friend forever, Lucy Chase, was found wandering the town streets covered in blood. While Lucy was never formally charged with the murder, the community convicted her lock, stock and a full plate of barbecue. Five years later, Lucy has come home just as true-crime podcaster Ben Owens arrives to produce an episode of his show, \u003cem>Listen for the Lie.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13956050","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As Ben encourages the tetchy, secretive Lucy to share her side of the story with him, she relaxes beneath his sunny, handsome gaze and starts to look at the truth. Unfortunately, truth doesn’t matter much to the residents of Plumpton, who long ago made up their minds about a young woman whose persona chafes against their ideas of femininity. Fortunately, by the time you meet the Plumptonites, you’ll have been mesmerized by Lucy’s hilarious, self-deprecating first-person narration. “It’s probably unfair to say that a podcast ruined my life,” she tells readers, and then, as she talks about making dinner during which she’ll break up with her clueless boyfriend: “Let this be a lesson to all the men out there who can’t handle conflict — man up and dump your girlfriend, or you might end up living with a suspected murder indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Podcast episodes interspersed between Lucy’s chapters form a clever way for Tintera (already a bestselling YA author; this is her debut for adults) to draw out the suspense. Revealing too much about the other characters might ruin that cleverness, but it’s important to note that even when the story has ended and the murderer found, there are secrets within secrets, the kind that women have long used to protect each other.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956154\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956154\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover illustrated with winding bare tree branches and two rabbit masks.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.44.04-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Where You End’ by Abbott Kahler. \u003ccite>(Henry Holt and Co.)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Abbott Kahler’s debut centers on a young woman named Katherine “Kat” Bird, who has a near-death experience after her car collides with a deer, and wakes to near-total amnesia. She remembers her twin sister, Jude, who tries to fill in all of the blanks in Kat’s memory, but as Kat slowly recovers, she realizes Jude’s recounting of events contradict her own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Did the sisters have an idyllic childhood, or were they raised in a cult? If the latter is true, why would Jude be trying to pretend it never happened? Kahler (who has written acclaimed nonfiction as Karen Abbott) constructs a thriller so perfectly paced that you actually will not be able to put it down. You’ll be longing at each step to see how much Kat remembers and how much Jude complicates the memories. Each clue (there are few pictures of the sisters together, for example) has a flip side, a structural technique that works particularly well since the book is set in 1970s Philadelphia, with all of that city’s grittiness, community, and culture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kahler based her novel on the real-life story of Alex and Marcus Lewis, 18-year-old British identical twins. In 1982, Alex awoke from a coma following a motorcycle accident and remembered nothing except his brother’s name and face; Marcus decided to use the opportunity to invent new lives for them both. Kahler expands on their situation by going deeper into the effects of trauma for women and girls, making \u003cem>Where You End\u003c/em> incredibly relevant, right up to the truly shocking ending.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956156\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 832px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956156\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a large house surrounded by water with a storm raging overhead.\" width=\"832\" height=\"1214\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM.png 832w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-800x1167.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-160x233.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.46.08-PM-768x1121.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 832px) 100vw, 832px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Night of the Storm’ by Nishita Parekh. \u003ccite>(Dutton)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Answer to a question you didn’t ask: In the UK, the board game Clue is known as Cluedo, a portmanteau word for “clue” plus “ludo,” the Latin for “I play.” In Nishita Parekh’s debut, a locked-room mystery that toys with everyone’s memories of playing Clue, readers may want to keep that active verb in mind. Set in Houston among a group of upperclass suburban Desi friends, \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> puts family drama above anything resembling, say, \u003cem>Cape Fear\u003c/em>-style hijinks — but the word “storm” in the title can mean so many things.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955903","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Protagonist Jia Shah, single mom to Ishaan, decides they’ll both shelter from Hurricane Harvey at her sister Seema’s large home in Sugar Land. Seema’s husband Vipul and some of his relatives make things more complicated for Jia, through both their busy presence and because Jia and Vipul have some sexual tension going on; one of the things that makes this book fascinating is the look at a second-generation immigrant family enjoying their new country while also feeling the pull of hereditary expectations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re looking for a thriller — and this book is labeled one — you’ve come to the wrong place. \u003cem>The Night of the Storm\u003c/em> resembles nothing so much as a Golden Age mystery, and if you appreciate those, you’ve come to the right place. Parekh has clearly read her Christie, Marsh, and Allingham; she also clearly relishes those authors and their attention to cohesion and convention. Come on in and shelter from this \u003cem>Storm\u003c/em> with a truly unreliable cast of characters.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956157\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 838px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956157\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman's face partially obscured by a finger print. \" width=\"838\" height=\"1210\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM.png 838w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-800x1155.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-160x231.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.47.47-PM-768x1109.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 838px) 100vw, 838px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘Rabbit Hole’ by Kate Brody. \u003ccite>(Soho Crime)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A decade ago, Teddy Angstrom’s older sister Angie disappeared at age 18. When their father chooses suicide on the anniversary of Angie’s death, the now 26-year-old Teddy leaves the private school in Maine where she teaches English for home to sort out family matters with her grieving mother. Teddy discovers Mark Angstrom had grown obsessed with Reddit boards about true crime, some of them specifically about Angie’s case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955214","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Her initial look at the discussions soon turns into an obsession equaling her father’s, one that will pull her into the orbit of 19-year-old Mickey, a local college student with multiple tattoos and perhaps multiple motives for the assistance she gives Teddy. The weird friendship these women create reflects the darkness into which Teddy descends, continuing her addiction to the internet as she develops an addiction to alcohol, and accidentally outing herself as Angie’s sister to the various members of the Reddit boards.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brody wisely builds the suspense around Teddy’s dissolution and paranoia, rather than focusing on the details of Angie’s fate, creating an atmosphere so suffocating and panicky that readers will feel the effects of loss, grief, and confusion as surely as if they were inside Teddy’s very smart and once better-adjusted mind. Teddy’s longing not just for her sister’s survival but for their ability to share life as 20-somethings marks her more indelibly than Mickey’s body ink.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956158\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 820px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13956158\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png\" alt=\"A book cover depicting a woman dressed in conservative 1980s-era clothing stands, arms folded in front of a small yellow car and a wall of graffiti.\" width=\"820\" height=\"1212\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM.png 820w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-800x1182.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-160x236.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Screen-Shot-2024-04-17-at-2.49.15-PM-768x1135.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 820px) 100vw, 820px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">‘The Berlin Letters’ by Katherine Reay. \u003ccite>(Harper Muse)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Brilliant cryptographer Luisa Voekler, whose talent was nurtured by her grandfather’s frequent code-based scavenger hunts, wants to move up in the CIA, but finds her career sidelined in the late 1980s as she translates World War II documents. One day she recognizes a tiny symbol that will lead her down a dangerous path. Her discovery involves her father, Haris, who remains in the East Berlin his family left in 1961 as the East German government put up a wall dividing the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955156","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Reay has written a number of novels based on Brontë and Austen characters, as well as a couple of lighthearted looks at women’s friendships in Illinois, but in 2021 she turned to darker territory, setting books about spycraft in London, Moscow — and now Berlin and Washington, D.C. The cover of \u003cem>The Berlin Letters\u003c/em> announces both its relatively recent time period, with the figure of a young woman dressed in contemporary clothing, yet also nods to the singularity of modern Berlin, with a backdrop of the Wall covered in graffiti and the trunk of an iconic East German Trabant or “Trabi” auto (known for being constructed from lightweight resin).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The author knows East and West Berlin inside out, discussing details like the houses on Bernauer Strasse that allowed inhabitants, for a time, to easily defect simply by walking out of their front doors. However, those details never overwhelm a fast-paced story told by father and daughter from their different vantage points, as Luisa learns the truth of her past, and both stories reach the shocking, history-making night when The Berlin Wall fell on Nov. 9, 1989.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bethanne Patrick is a freelance writer and critic who tweets \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/thebookmaven\">\u003cem>@TheBookMaven\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and hosts the podcast Missing Pages.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">\u003cem>Copyright 2024 NPR. To see more, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">visit NPR\u003c/a>.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=5+new+mysteries+and+thrillers+for+your+nightstand+this+spring&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/em>\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956128/best-mysteries-and-thriller-novels-spring-2024","authors":["byline_arts_13956128"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_73","arts_835"],"tags":["arts_5221","arts_769","arts_585","arts_11718"],"affiliates":["arts_137"],"featImg":"arts_13956129","label":"arts_140"},"arts_13955410":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13955410","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13955410","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"world-naked-bike-ride-2024-where-to-meet-420-dress-code","title":"The World Naked Bike Ride Is Happening on 4/20 in San Francisco","publishDate":1712613910,"format":"standard","headTitle":"The World Naked Bike Ride Is Happening on 4/20 in San Francisco | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>Ah, April 20. A hallowed day on the Bay Area calendar that has long been used to celebrate marijuana in all its forms and glory. Well, this year, the very stoned humans of San Francisco can celebrate the day by bearing witness to scores of cyclists who’ll be baring it all on bicycles. That’s right! This year’s World Naked Bike Ride falls on 4/20. Which almost — almost! — makes up for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980820/san-franciscos-annual-420-celebration-on-hippie-hill-canceled-for-2024\">cancellation of Golden Gate Park’s annual Hippie Hill event\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='news_11613510']As usual, the city’s wheelie nude adventure will start at the giant bow and arrow in Rincon Park — Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen’s \u003ci>Cupid’s Span\u003c/i>. It will then sojourn past Chase Center and Oracle Park, head up to North Beach, circle back past City Hall, before heading on over to the Haight and ending in the Castro. All told, the ride lasts 16.5 miles and finishes with a naked party at (of all places) Castro Street’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gyroxpresssf.com/\">Gyro Xpress\u003c/a>. (Careful where you drop that tzatziki, riders!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naked Bike Ride organizers ask that cyclists keep inside the right lane as much as possible, refrain from throwing objects at passing cars, and make sure bicycles are fully tuned before the ride starts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13955430\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1868px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955430\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone.jpg\" alt=\"A group of naked people riding bicycles, led by two women wearing strategically placed body paint.\" width=\"1868\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone.jpg 1868w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-1020x764.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-1536x1151.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1868px) 100vw, 1868px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Though rain is forecast, sunblock is probably still a wise move for riders. \u003ccite>(Gareth Fuller/PA Images via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For those cyclists thinking about participating, but nervous about going full birthday suit, don’t worry. While full nudity is encouraged, an ethos of “as bare as you dare” is embraced as well. Organizers even suggest bringing transparent ponchos or windbreakers in case of rain, which is currently forecast on the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year marks the 20th anniversary of the World Naked Bike Ride, which was started by \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Schmidt_(social_activist)\">Conrad Schmidt\u003c/a> in Vancouver, Canada. Since then, cyclists in 36 countries around the globe have been taking the annual opportunity to protest climate change and highlight the vulnerability of cyclists and pedestrians. The ride also seeks to endorse body positivity, community building and renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The April 20 ride was organized specifically to coincide with Earth Day (April 22). The Northern Hemisphere chapters of World Naked Bike Ride — including San Francisco — will also ride on June 8, 2024. Plenty of time, then, should you need to make an extra cushion for your saddle…\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://wiki.worldnakedbikeride.org/index.php?title=San_Francisco\">San Francisco’s World Naked Bike Ride\u003c/a> leaves Rincon Park (Embarcadero and Folsom) at noon on April 20, 2024. \u003ca href=\"https://ridewithgps.com/routes/46069540\">The full route\u003c/a> is available online now.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"The next World Naked Bike Ride is happening on 4/20. Here’s where San Francisco cyclists will be baring it all.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1712613910,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":440},"headData":{"title":"World Naked Bike Ride San Francisco: All You Need to Know | KQED","description":"The next World Naked Bike Ride is happening on 4/20. Here’s where San Francisco cyclists will be baring it all.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"World Naked Bike Ride San Francisco: All You Need to Know %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The World Naked Bike Ride Is Happening on 4/20 in San Francisco","datePublished":"2024-04-08T22:05:10.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-08T22:05:10.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13955410/world-naked-bike-ride-2024-where-to-meet-420-dress-code","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Ah, April 20. A hallowed day on the Bay Area calendar that has long been used to celebrate marijuana in all its forms and glory. Well, this year, the very stoned humans of San Francisco can celebrate the day by bearing witness to scores of cyclists who’ll be baring it all on bicycles. That’s right! This year’s World Naked Bike Ride falls on 4/20. Which almost — almost! — makes up for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11980820/san-franciscos-annual-420-celebration-on-hippie-hill-canceled-for-2024\">cancellation of Golden Gate Park’s annual Hippie Hill event\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11613510","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>As usual, the city’s wheelie nude adventure will start at the giant bow and arrow in Rincon Park — Claes Oldenburg and Coosje van Bruggen’s \u003ci>Cupid’s Span\u003c/i>. It will then sojourn past Chase Center and Oracle Park, head up to North Beach, circle back past City Hall, before heading on over to the Haight and ending in the Castro. All told, the ride lasts 16.5 miles and finishes with a naked party at (of all places) Castro Street’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.gyroxpresssf.com/\">Gyro Xpress\u003c/a>. (Careful where you drop that tzatziki, riders!)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naked Bike Ride organizers ask that cyclists keep inside the right lane as much as possible, refrain from throwing objects at passing cars, and make sure bicycles are fully tuned before the ride starts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13955430\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1868px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955430\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone.jpg\" alt=\"A group of naked people riding bicycles, led by two women wearing strategically placed body paint.\" width=\"1868\" height=\"1400\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone.jpg 1868w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-1020x764.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/nipple-be-gone-1536x1151.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1868px) 100vw, 1868px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Though rain is forecast, sunblock is probably still a wise move for riders. \u003ccite>(Gareth Fuller/PA Images via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>For those cyclists thinking about participating, but nervous about going full birthday suit, don’t worry. While full nudity is encouraged, an ethos of “as bare as you dare” is embraced as well. Organizers even suggest bringing transparent ponchos or windbreakers in case of rain, which is currently forecast on the day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year marks the 20th anniversary of the World Naked Bike Ride, which was started by \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conrad_Schmidt_(social_activist)\">Conrad Schmidt\u003c/a> in Vancouver, Canada. Since then, cyclists in 36 countries around the globe have been taking the annual opportunity to protest climate change and highlight the vulnerability of cyclists and pedestrians. The ride also seeks to endorse body positivity, community building and renewable energy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The April 20 ride was organized specifically to coincide with Earth Day (April 22). The Northern Hemisphere chapters of World Naked Bike Ride — including San Francisco — will also ride on June 8, 2024. Plenty of time, then, should you need to make an extra cushion for your saddle…\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://wiki.worldnakedbikeride.org/index.php?title=San_Francisco\">San Francisco’s World Naked Bike Ride\u003c/a> leaves Rincon Park (Embarcadero and Folsom) at noon on April 20, 2024. \u003ca href=\"https://ridewithgps.com/routes/46069540\">The full route\u003c/a> is available online now.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13955410/world-naked-bike-ride-2024-where-to-meet-420-dress-code","authors":["11242"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_835","arts_11615"],"featImg":"arts_13955596","label":"arts"},"arts_13956177":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956177","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956177","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"a-lowrider-cruise-in-honor-of-selena-the-queen-of-tejano-in-san-francisco","title":"A Lowrider Cruise in Honor of Selena, the Queen of Tejano, in San Francisco","publishDate":1713465612,"format":"standard","headTitle":"A Lowrider Cruise in Honor of Selena, the Queen of Tejano, in San Francisco | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":140,"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>It’s been almost 30 years since Selena, the undisputed Queen of Tejano Music, was tragically murdered — but a group of lowriders are ensuring her memory isn’t forgotten. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, April 20, a lowrider cruise in San Francisco’s Mission District will pay tribute to the widely beloved singer of hits like “Como La Flor” and “Amor Prohibido.” The cruise will start at 4 p.m., and run along Mission Street between Cesar Chavez and 20th Streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='news_11966254']The annual cruise is organized by the San Francisco Lowrider Council. This year, it takes place directly following the group’s Blessing of the Cars, or La Bendicion, a 1 p.m. ceremony at 24th and Mission BART Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants in freshly painted classic cars and creative hydraulics are expected to come from all over Northern California to ride slow and low at the event, which carries the tagline: “Anything for Selenas.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Texas-raised singer, one of the most popular Latin music stars in the world, would have been 53 this year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A lowrider cruise in the Mission District will pay tribute to the widely beloved singer.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713465612,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":7,"wordCount":187},"headData":{"title":"A Lowrider Cruise in Honor of Selena, the Queen of Tejano, in San Francisco | KQED","description":"A lowrider cruise in the Mission District will pay tribute to the widely beloved singer.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"A Lowrider Cruise in Honor of Selena, the Queen of Tejano, in San Francisco","datePublished":"2024-04-18T18:40:12.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-18T18:40:12.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956177/a-lowrider-cruise-in-honor-of-selena-the-queen-of-tejano-in-san-francisco","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been almost 30 years since Selena, the undisputed Queen of Tejano Music, was tragically murdered — but a group of lowriders are ensuring her memory isn’t forgotten. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, April 20, a lowrider cruise in San Francisco’s Mission District will pay tribute to the widely beloved singer of hits like “Como La Flor” and “Amor Prohibido.” The cruise will start at 4 p.m., and run along Mission Street between Cesar Chavez and 20th Streets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"news_11966254","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The annual cruise is organized by the San Francisco Lowrider Council. This year, it takes place directly following the group’s Blessing of the Cars, or La Bendicion, a 1 p.m. ceremony at 24th and Mission BART Plaza.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Participants in freshly painted classic cars and creative hydraulics are expected to come from all over Northern California to ride slow and low at the event, which carries the tagline: “Anything for Selenas.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Texas-raised singer, one of the most popular Latin music stars in the world, would have been 53 this year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956177/a-lowrider-cruise-in-honor-of-selena-the-queen-of-tejano-in-san-francisco","authors":["185"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_835","arts_11615","arts_69"],"tags":["arts_22093","arts_10278","arts_22092","arts_1257","arts_22091","arts_585"],"featImg":"arts_13956180","label":"arts_140"},"arts_13955476":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13955476","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13955476","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"coolest-san-francisco-skate-shop-low-key-tenderloin-art-walk","title":"How Low Key Became the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco","publishDate":1713378081,"format":"standard","headTitle":"How Low Key Became the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco | KQED","labelTerm":{"term":140,"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>Skateboarders do not look at the city — any city — the same way that non-skaters do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skateboarders have brains that make instant calculations using principles of geometry and physics, and are hardwired to evaluate ways around obstacles and over gaps. Present a crew of skaters with a patchwork of hostile architecture — objects specifically designed to keep them out of a space — and the problem-solving that spills forth would put professional architects to shame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happens when a lifelong skateboarder gets a degree in architecture? \u003ca href=\"https://www.lowkeysanfrancisco.com/\">Low Key Skate Shop\u003c/a> owner Justin Marks can tell you. For seven years, the 35-year-old worked for \u003ca href=\"https://www.hornbergerworstell.com/\">Hornberger and Worstell\u003c/a>, a San Francisco architecture firm. Marks had grown up in the Lower Haight, both immersing himself in skate culture and nerding out over urban landscapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13916267']“When you’re skateboarding, you’re at a 1:1 scale with the city and your built environment,” Marks told me on a recent visit to Low Key. “I’ve always been interested in architecture, and I’ve been advocating for skateparks since I was in high school. I would go to community meetings and wait for public comment and talk about how positive skating is for the youth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, opportunities arose that prompted Marks to leave office life behind for good. After Hornberger and Worstell, he worked with the San Francisco Planning Department, eventually becoming a contractor to help build out the skatepark Playland at 43rd Avenue. (The site has since been developed as \u003ca href=\"https://www.midpen-housing.org/shirley-chisholm-village-2024/\">affordable housing for San Francisco teachers\u003c/a>.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, he was invited to take over the day-to-day operations of \u003ca href=\"https://everydaysfc.com/\">Everyday\u003c/a> — a Tenderloin skate shop that’s since moved downtown. The move made sense. Even while working as an architectural junior designer, Marks was running his own skate company \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/leftsidesf/\">Left Side\u003c/a>, selling his skateboards and shirts around the city at stores like \u003ca href=\"https://shop.ftcsf.com/\">FTC\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://dlxskateshop.com/\">DLX\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://missionsk8shop.com/\">Mission Skate Shop\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2019, Marks was ready to strike out on his own. He wanted to open a storefront that would serve as both a skate shop and small art gallery. Marks’ first choice for a business partner was \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/turtlesmashersucks/?hl=en\">Zachariah “Turtle” Dawson\u003c/a>. (“If you use my actual name,” Turtle quips, “no one will know who the fuck you’re talking about.”) At the time, the two were both volunteering at Playland. Not only was Turtle a beloved sponsored skater, Marks knew he was also an SFAI graduate who would see Low Key’s potential as an art space. The pair quickly opened the shop on Geary Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13955760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1820px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955760\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side.png\" alt=\"A white man with glasses and scruffy beard stands in the doorway of a small shop front. He is wearing a black beanie, sweater and pants.\" width=\"1820\" height=\"1062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side.png 1820w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-800x467.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-1020x595.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-160x93.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-768x448.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-1536x896.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1820px) 100vw, 1820px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Turtle, one of the owners of Low Key Skate Shop, hanging out in April 2024. \u003ccite>(Rae Alexandra)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The impact the tiny new store had on the local community was immediate. From day one, Low Key has been a gathering place for skaters, as well as an outlet for local small businesses whose products are frequently handmade. (“We try and keep everything as homegrown as possible,” Turtle notes.) Low Key’s on-site screenprinting equipment is used by the shop, as well as friends and associates who have their own creative projects. (When the corner store up the street wanted to start selling its own shirts, Low Key printed them.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More importantly, the skate shop fulfills its art goals by hosting monthly shows to coincide with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/sffirstthursday/\">Tenderloin Art Walk\u003c/a>. Artists and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CzceKQDP4AC/?hl=en&img_index=1\">photographers\u003c/a> who reflect Bay Area street culture — the likes of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953119/george-crampton-glassanos-has-pendletons-paint-and-passion\">George Crampton Glassanos\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/todthebunny/\">Tod the Bunny\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/hiericbro/\">Eric Broers\u003c/a> and most recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/austenzombres/?hl=en\">Austen Zombres\u003c/a> — take priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the many who’ve directly benefited from Low Key’s existence is skateboard photographer and videographer \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/excellentquestion/\">Theodore Maider\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13919506']“Low Key has given me a platform to film and photograph the skaters affiliated with their shop,” Maider says. “But they’ve also given me a place to put my artwork on display, and promoted my work on social media. I wouldn’t be in the position I’m currently in if it wasn’t for Low Key.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of the store, Marks and Turtle have kept mindful about donating merchandise to skateboard events around Northern California, as well as to local fundraisers, like a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13936204/dave-glass-tenderloin-museum-san-franciso-street-photography\">Tenderloin Museum\u003c/a> campaign to stage a play about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13835520/a-new-generation-gathers-strength-from-the-courageous-queens-of-the-comptons-cafeteria-riot\">Compton’s Cafeteria riot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956023 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Karl-and-Justin-e1713218591580.jpg\" alt=\"A Black man with long locs stands with his arm around a white man with beard and glasses inside a skateboard shop. They are both smiling.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1183\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Karl Watson, San Francisco skateboarder, video director and author, hanging at Low Key with owner Justin Marks. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Low Key Skate Shop)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From Maider’s perspective, it’s the duo of Marks and Turtle that makes Low Key such an impactful place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Turtle is very much the presence in the streets,” Maider explains. “Turtle has spent so much of his time lurking at the spots that are considered the proving grounds of the city, and because of that, he has a reputation and presence that people love and respect. And then Justin is very much the red-tape guy,” Maider continues. “He gets parks built and makes sure the skate community has a voice in a meaningful way both socially and politically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not an exaggeration. In 2011, before Marks had even received his Architecture B.A. from \u003ca href=\"https://www.cca.edu/\">California College of the Arts\u003c/a>, he succeeded in getting a corner of \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/1640/Waller-Street-Skate-Park-Project\">Waller Street established as a designated skatepark\u003c/a> by working with landscape architect John Bela (one of Marks’ teachers at the time) and Phil Ginsburg, now the general manager of San Francisco’s Recreation and Park Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postid='arts_13931352']“We came up with a simple design that used repurposed granite ledges from the city yard at Waller,” Marks says, adding that later, in 2022, “working with Rec [and] Park we teamed up with DLX to make Waller what it is today — a newly paved skatepark plaza with more found skate objects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years into its existence, Low Key stands as a business that goes against almost every stereotype about skateboarders being destructive and hedonistic slackers. By all appearances, Marks and Turtle constantly brainstorm new ways to be of service. Currently, Marks is putting together a skate jam at the new U.N. Plaza skatepark, near the Civic Center, to be held this summer. Turtle is excited about the imminent release of a skate video that Low Key has spent years putting together. (When I ask him how many local skaters were involved in the making of the film, he half-smiles and says, “I’d say the whole city.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Skateboarding made me an explorer of the city, its history and people,” Marks says. “But what first attracted me to skateboarding was the sense of camaraderie and creativity. I’d like to continue advocating for skateboarding, the arts and public spaces that encourage creativity and” — negative stereotypes be damned — “healthy recreation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lowkeysanfrancisco.com/\">Low Key Skate Shop\u003c/a> is located at 679 Geary Street. Austen Zombres’ ‘Corner Store’ exhibit is currently on display through May 2, 2024. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"In 2019, an architectural designer and a guy named Turtle opened a tiny Tenderloin shopfront. Its impact was immediate.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713396734,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":21,"wordCount":1203},"headData":{"title":"What’s the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco? Low Key | KQED","description":"In 2019, an architectural designer and a guy named Turtle opened a tiny Tenderloin shopfront. Its impact was immediate.","ogTitle":"How Low Key Became the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"How Low Key Became the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","socialTitle":"What’s the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco? Low Key %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Low Key Became the Coolest Skate Shop in San Francisco","datePublished":"2024-04-17T18:21:21.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-17T23:32:14.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13955476/coolest-san-francisco-skate-shop-low-key-tenderloin-art-walk","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Skateboarders do not look at the city — any city — the same way that non-skaters do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Skateboarders have brains that make instant calculations using principles of geometry and physics, and are hardwired to evaluate ways around obstacles and over gaps. Present a crew of skaters with a patchwork of hostile architecture — objects specifically designed to keep them out of a space — and the problem-solving that spills forth would put professional architects to shame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what happens when a lifelong skateboarder gets a degree in architecture? \u003ca href=\"https://www.lowkeysanfrancisco.com/\">Low Key Skate Shop\u003c/a> owner Justin Marks can tell you. For seven years, the 35-year-old worked for \u003ca href=\"https://www.hornbergerworstell.com/\">Hornberger and Worstell\u003c/a>, a San Francisco architecture firm. Marks had grown up in the Lower Haight, both immersing himself in skate culture and nerding out over urban landscapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13916267","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“When you’re skateboarding, you’re at a 1:1 scale with the city and your built environment,” Marks told me on a recent visit to Low Key. “I’ve always been interested in architecture, and I’ve been advocating for skateparks since I was in high school. I would go to community meetings and wait for public comment and talk about how positive skating is for the youth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eventually, opportunities arose that prompted Marks to leave office life behind for good. After Hornberger and Worstell, he worked with the San Francisco Planning Department, eventually becoming a contractor to help build out the skatepark Playland at 43rd Avenue. (The site has since been developed as \u003ca href=\"https://www.midpen-housing.org/shirley-chisholm-village-2024/\">affordable housing for San Francisco teachers\u003c/a>.) \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2016, he was invited to take over the day-to-day operations of \u003ca href=\"https://everydaysfc.com/\">Everyday\u003c/a> — a Tenderloin skate shop that’s since moved downtown. The move made sense. Even while working as an architectural junior designer, Marks was running his own skate company \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/leftsidesf/\">Left Side\u003c/a>, selling his skateboards and shirts around the city at stores like \u003ca href=\"https://shop.ftcsf.com/\">FTC\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://dlxskateshop.com/\">DLX\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://missionsk8shop.com/\">Mission Skate Shop\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2019, Marks was ready to strike out on his own. He wanted to open a storefront that would serve as both a skate shop and small art gallery. Marks’ first choice for a business partner was \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/turtlesmashersucks/?hl=en\">Zachariah “Turtle” Dawson\u003c/a>. (“If you use my actual name,” Turtle quips, “no one will know who the fuck you’re talking about.”) At the time, the two were both volunteering at Playland. Not only was Turtle a beloved sponsored skater, Marks knew he was also an SFAI graduate who would see Low Key’s potential as an art space. The pair quickly opened the shop on Geary Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13955760\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1820px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955760\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side.png\" alt=\"A white man with glasses and scruffy beard stands in the doorway of a small shop front. He is wearing a black beanie, sweater and pants.\" width=\"1820\" height=\"1062\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side.png 1820w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-800x467.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-1020x595.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-160x93.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-768x448.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Turtle-Low-Key-Close-Side-1536x896.png 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1820px) 100vw, 1820px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Turtle, one of the owners of Low Key Skate Shop, hanging out in April 2024. \u003ccite>(Rae Alexandra)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The impact the tiny new store had on the local community was immediate. From day one, Low Key has been a gathering place for skaters, as well as an outlet for local small businesses whose products are frequently handmade. (“We try and keep everything as homegrown as possible,” Turtle notes.) Low Key’s on-site screenprinting equipment is used by the shop, as well as friends and associates who have their own creative projects. (When the corner store up the street wanted to start selling its own shirts, Low Key printed them.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More importantly, the skate shop fulfills its art goals by hosting monthly shows to coincide with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/sffirstthursday/\">Tenderloin Art Walk\u003c/a>. Artists and \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/CzceKQDP4AC/?hl=en&img_index=1\">photographers\u003c/a> who reflect Bay Area street culture — the likes of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953119/george-crampton-glassanos-has-pendletons-paint-and-passion\">George Crampton Glassanos\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/todthebunny/\">Tod the Bunny\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/hiericbro/\">Eric Broers\u003c/a> and most recently \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/austenzombres/?hl=en\">Austen Zombres\u003c/a> — take priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the many who’ve directly benefited from Low Key’s existence is skateboard photographer and videographer \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/excellentquestion/\">Theodore Maider\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13919506","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Low Key has given me a platform to film and photograph the skaters affiliated with their shop,” Maider says. “But they’ve also given me a place to put my artwork on display, and promoted my work on social media. I wouldn’t be in the position I’m currently in if it wasn’t for Low Key.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Outside of the store, Marks and Turtle have kept mindful about donating merchandise to skateboard events around Northern California, as well as to local fundraisers, like a recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13936204/dave-glass-tenderloin-museum-san-franciso-street-photography\">Tenderloin Museum\u003c/a> campaign to stage a play about the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13835520/a-new-generation-gathers-strength-from-the-courageous-queens-of-the-comptons-cafeteria-riot\">Compton’s Cafeteria riot\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13956023\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-13956023 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Karl-and-Justin-e1713218591580.jpg\" alt=\"A Black man with long locs stands with his arm around a white man with beard and glasses inside a skateboard shop. They are both smiling.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1183\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Karl Watson, San Francisco skateboarder, video director and author, hanging at Low Key with owner Justin Marks. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Low Key Skate Shop)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>From Maider’s perspective, it’s the duo of Marks and Turtle that makes Low Key such an impactful place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Turtle is very much the presence in the streets,” Maider explains. “Turtle has spent so much of his time lurking at the spots that are considered the proving grounds of the city, and because of that, he has a reputation and presence that people love and respect. And then Justin is very much the red-tape guy,” Maider continues. “He gets parks built and makes sure the skate community has a voice in a meaningful way both socially and politically.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s not an exaggeration. In 2011, before Marks had even received his Architecture B.A. from \u003ca href=\"https://www.cca.edu/\">California College of the Arts\u003c/a>, he succeeded in getting a corner of \u003ca href=\"https://sfrecpark.org/1640/Waller-Street-Skate-Park-Project\">Waller Street established as a designated skatepark\u003c/a> by working with landscape architect John Bela (one of Marks’ teachers at the time) and Phil Ginsburg, now the general manager of San Francisco’s Recreation and Park Department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13931352","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“We came up with a simple design that used repurposed granite ledges from the city yard at Waller,” Marks says, adding that later, in 2022, “working with Rec [and] Park we teamed up with DLX to make Waller what it is today — a newly paved skatepark plaza with more found skate objects.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Five years into its existence, Low Key stands as a business that goes against almost every stereotype about skateboarders being destructive and hedonistic slackers. By all appearances, Marks and Turtle constantly brainstorm new ways to be of service. Currently, Marks is putting together a skate jam at the new U.N. Plaza skatepark, near the Civic Center, to be held this summer. Turtle is excited about the imminent release of a skate video that Low Key has spent years putting together. (When I ask him how many local skaters were involved in the making of the film, he half-smiles and says, “I’d say the whole city.”)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Skateboarding made me an explorer of the city, its history and people,” Marks says. “But what first attracted me to skateboarding was the sense of camaraderie and creativity. I’d like to continue advocating for skateboarding, the arts and public spaces that encourage creativity and” — negative stereotypes be damned — “healthy recreation.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.lowkeysanfrancisco.com/\">Low Key Skate Shop\u003c/a> is located at 679 Geary Street. Austen Zombres’ ‘Corner Store’ exhibit is currently on display through May 2, 2024. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13955476/coolest-san-francisco-skate-shop-low-key-tenderloin-art-walk","authors":["11242"],"programs":["arts_140"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_11615","arts_13238"],"tags":["arts_10278","arts_1146","arts_1442","arts_1020","arts_585"],"featImg":"arts_13956022","label":"arts_140"},"arts_13955688":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13955688","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13955688","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"healdsburg-jazz-festival-lineup-2024-samara-joy-joshua-redman-ambrose-akinmusire-brandee-younger","title":"Best Bets for the 2024 Healdsburg Jazz Festival","publishDate":1713551915,"format":"aside","headTitle":"Best Bets for the 2024 Healdsburg Jazz Festival | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13955692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_.jpg\" alt=\"A black woman in a red dress sings into a microphone while tilting her head upward, eyes closed\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samara Joy will headline an opening weekend concert for the Healdsburg Jazz Festival on June 16 at Kendall-Jackson winery. \u003ccite>(Gabriele Bifolchi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a Sonoma County resident and jazz fan, I’ve gone to the Healdsburg Jazz Festival nearly every year for the past 20 years. When the lineup drops, \u003ca href=\"https://healdsburgjazz.org/schedule/\">like it recently did for the 2024 festival\u003c/a> running June 15–23, I make notated lists of what to see. What follows are my picks for the best shows to see among the formidable lineup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first: If you’ve heard about the festival but never attended, let me try to tell you what makes it special.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take last year’s free show in the town plaza with Charles McPherson. Where else could farmworkers and wine tourists alike sit in the shade on the grass, listening to an 83-year-old jazz saxophone legend? Or last year’s tribute to Pharoah Sanders, with Gary Bartz and Sanders’ son Tomoki reverently playing “The Creator Has a Master Plan” under the stars and among the vineyards?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13953845']Over its history, Healdsburg has hosted up-and-coming talent, like Esperanza Spalding, who played in a restaurant’s backyard at the festival when she was brand-new on the scene. For several years, Santa Rosa-raised guitarist Julian Lage was a local opener at the festival, before he became a \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=ad9616c29454c2b8&q=julian+lage+magazine+cover&uds=AMwkrPtc7PyXK2WRiJ0T8Fn6QQyoDLDS_R5vB2RasiRzgL7GfSHmnjqxyC_SllFIMWH8gk1rwQ6Ib2VsM5YLrqpNvPIu3UrHbCJssIdIk6CmIbWTReA3P1dLz0uviMFuoVegwY-7e9YqQrTxuDro_w8j5l7wRRsnQg1UAgmdLJZ5nUkMkCSLWpHKBhVHAr5_szKq4HsVi-Lj5Ciosc2qR_oz2wJBBTX5bsmpCAGuadalMXNUOnAxs8gKikCL5iKE_rxuwuifj-__Jzvi7_R0T1HfFOSbBWa9QgNvrAob49MFZgRHehqhrQPcgu6Z0bHrOqGzfZ43IptS&udm=2&prmd=isvnmbtz&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjW2ICSpraFAxVSOTQIHQDCDeQQtKgLegQICxAB&biw=1053&bih=537&dpr=2.5\">Blue Note recording artist who graces magazine covers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, naturally, there are the legends. Past years have included Jackie McLean, Ron Carter, Kenny Burrell, Charles Lloyd, Geri Allen, Charlie Haden — the list goes on. In Healdsburg, these artists get the treatment and crowds they deserve, and in an unusually scenic, intimate setting. (I’ll never forget the year I literally bumped into \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Cyrille\">drummer Andrew Cyrille\u003c/a> in the cramped back kitchen of a coffee shop just off the downtown plaza.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, if you want to start easy, there’s the return of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/event.asp?eid=120753&s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c\">Juneteenth in the Plaza concert\u003c/a> on June 15, this year featuring trombonist Steve Turre with his sextet and soul-jazz saxophone veteran Houston Person. The plaza concerts (hosted by KCSM’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13930273/liner-notes-greg-bridges-and-the-jazz-voice\">Greg Bridges\u003c/a>) are among my favorites at the festival — they’re completely free, the grass fills up with all types of people, and the music blankets the entire downtown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662335\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11662335\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_.jpg\" alt=\"Billy Hart at the Healdsburg Jazz Festival, June 4, 2016.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Billy Hart at the Healdsburg Jazz Festival, June 4, 2016. \u003ccite>(George B. Wells)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Want to go big? After a sold-out performance at last year’s festival, hot-streak vocalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Samara Joy\u003c/a> will headline the festival’s opening weekend with a June 16 show at Kendall-Jackson winery. The cheapest seats are $125, but lawn seating is $35–$55 — and feels more befitting of a winery show, in my opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bacchus Landing’s outdoor courtyard, situated among the vineyards, is a relatively new venue for the festival; though the sun can heat the folding-chair seating, it’s hard to beat the cool open air after sundown. I have my eyes on rising vocalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Jazzmeia Horn\u003c/a>, and her performance with festival director Marcus Shelby and his orchestra on June 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13885595']Also at Bacchus Landing is the remarkable \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Chief Adjuah\u003c/a> (née Christian Scott) in a double bill with \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">The Cookers\u003c/a> (Cecil McBee, George Cables, Billy Hart, Craig Handy, Eddie Henderson, Donald Harrison Jr. and David Weiss) on June 21; the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Joshua Redman Quartet featuring Gabrielle Cavassa\u003c/a> on June 23; and \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Ambrose Akinmusire, Bill Frisell and Herlin Riley\u003c/a> with opener the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953845/review-brandee-younger-alice-coltrane-san-francisco-sfjazz\">Brandee Younger\u003c/a> Trio on June 22. Redman \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/11661739/live-review-creative-risks-pay-off-at-healdsburgs-billy-hart-tribute\">tends to shine in Healdsburg\u003c/a>, and Younger \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953845/review-brandee-younger-alice-coltrane-san-francisco-sfjazz\">blew my mind last month\u003c/a> in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuban pianist \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Omar Sosa and his Quarteto Americanos\u003c/a> will perform on June 17 at Healdsburg’s venerable Raven Theater, a charming former movie theater built in 1949. And then there’s the small shows scattered all over town. My picks would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13951290/howard-wiley-gospel-jazz\">Howard Wiley\u003c/a>’s quartet at The Elephant in the Room on June 15, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/event.asp?eid=120759&s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c\">Jazz Mafia\u003c/a>’s “New Directions in Brass” at Spoonbar on June 19, and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/event.asp?eid=119630&s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c\">tribute to Duke Ellington with Tiffany Austin\u003c/a> at St. Paul’s Church on June 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for food? Other people will be happy to gush about Healdsburg’s world-class dining and wine. I’m more likely to recommend the no-frills \u003ca href=\"https://elsombrerohbg.com/\">El Sombrero\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.flakeycream.com/menu\">Flakey Cream\u003c/a> for lunch, and either Healdsburg’s Goodwill or a Russian River swimming hole for cheap thrills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for a week in June, at least, we can all agree on the music.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The 26th Annual Healdsburg Jazz Festival runs June 15–23, 2024, at various venues in and around Healdsburg. \u003ca href=\"https://healdsburgjazz.org/schedule/\">Details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"A festival veteran picks this year's top shows, including Samara Joy, Ambrose Akinmusire, Houston Person and more.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713552007,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":800},"headData":{"title":"Best Bets for the 2024 Healdsburg Jazz Festival | KQED","description":"A festival veteran picks this year's top shows, including Samara Joy, Ambrose Akinmusire, Houston Person and more.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Best Bets for the 2024 Healdsburg Jazz Festival","datePublished":"2024-04-19T18:38:35.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-19T18:40:07.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13955688/healdsburg-jazz-festival-lineup-2024-samara-joy-joshua-redman-ambrose-akinmusire-brandee-younger","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13955692\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13955692\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_.jpg\" alt=\"A black woman in a red dress sings into a microphone while tilting her head upward, eyes closed\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1920\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-800x800.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-1020x1020.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-160x160.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-768x768.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2024/04/Samara_Joy_3_-_credit__Gabriele_Bifolchi_fratticioli.com_-1536x1536.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Samara Joy will headline an opening weekend concert for the Healdsburg Jazz Festival on June 16 at Kendall-Jackson winery. \u003ccite>(Gabriele Bifolchi)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As a Sonoma County resident and jazz fan, I’ve gone to the Healdsburg Jazz Festival nearly every year for the past 20 years. When the lineup drops, \u003ca href=\"https://healdsburgjazz.org/schedule/\">like it recently did for the 2024 festival\u003c/a> running June 15–23, I make notated lists of what to see. What follows are my picks for the best shows to see among the formidable lineup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But first: If you’ve heard about the festival but never attended, let me try to tell you what makes it special.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Take last year’s free show in the town plaza with Charles McPherson. Where else could farmworkers and wine tourists alike sit in the shade on the grass, listening to an 83-year-old jazz saxophone legend? Or last year’s tribute to Pharoah Sanders, with Gary Bartz and Sanders’ son Tomoki reverently playing “The Creator Has a Master Plan” under the stars and among the vineyards?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13953845","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Over its history, Healdsburg has hosted up-and-coming talent, like Esperanza Spalding, who played in a restaurant’s backyard at the festival when she was brand-new on the scene. For several years, Santa Rosa-raised guitarist Julian Lage was a local opener at the festival, before he became a \u003ca href=\"https://www.google.com/search?sca_esv=ad9616c29454c2b8&q=julian+lage+magazine+cover&uds=AMwkrPtc7PyXK2WRiJ0T8Fn6QQyoDLDS_R5vB2RasiRzgL7GfSHmnjqxyC_SllFIMWH8gk1rwQ6Ib2VsM5YLrqpNvPIu3UrHbCJssIdIk6CmIbWTReA3P1dLz0uviMFuoVegwY-7e9YqQrTxuDro_w8j5l7wRRsnQg1UAgmdLJZ5nUkMkCSLWpHKBhVHAr5_szKq4HsVi-Lj5Ciosc2qR_oz2wJBBTX5bsmpCAGuadalMXNUOnAxs8gKikCL5iKE_rxuwuifj-__Jzvi7_R0T1HfFOSbBWa9QgNvrAob49MFZgRHehqhrQPcgu6Z0bHrOqGzfZ43IptS&udm=2&prmd=isvnmbtz&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjW2ICSpraFAxVSOTQIHQDCDeQQtKgLegQICxAB&biw=1053&bih=537&dpr=2.5\">Blue Note recording artist who graces magazine covers\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And then, naturally, there are the legends. Past years have included Jackie McLean, Ron Carter, Kenny Burrell, Charles Lloyd, Geri Allen, Charlie Haden — the list goes on. In Healdsburg, these artists get the treatment and crowds they deserve, and in an unusually scenic, intimate setting. (I’ll never forget the year I literally bumped into \u003ca href=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Cyrille\">drummer Andrew Cyrille\u003c/a> in the cramped back kitchen of a coffee shop just off the downtown plaza.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, if you want to start easy, there’s the return of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/event.asp?eid=120753&s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c\">Juneteenth in the Plaza concert\u003c/a> on June 15, this year featuring trombonist Steve Turre with his sextet and soul-jazz saxophone veteran Houston Person. The plaza concerts (hosted by KCSM’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13930273/liner-notes-greg-bridges-and-the-jazz-voice\">Greg Bridges\u003c/a>) are among my favorites at the festival — they’re completely free, the grass fills up with all types of people, and the music blankets the entire downtown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11662335\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11662335\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_.jpg\" alt=\"Billy Hart at the Healdsburg Jazz Festival, June 4, 2016.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2016/06/HBGJazz.Billy_-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Billy Hart at the Healdsburg Jazz Festival, June 4, 2016. \u003ccite>(George B. Wells)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Want to go big? After a sold-out performance at last year’s festival, hot-streak vocalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Samara Joy\u003c/a> will headline the festival’s opening weekend with a June 16 show at Kendall-Jackson winery. The cheapest seats are $125, but lawn seating is $35–$55 — and feels more befitting of a winery show, in my opinion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bacchus Landing’s outdoor courtyard, situated among the vineyards, is a relatively new venue for the festival; though the sun can heat the folding-chair seating, it’s hard to beat the cool open air after sundown. I have my eyes on rising vocalist \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Jazzmeia Horn\u003c/a>, and her performance with festival director Marcus Shelby and his orchestra on June 20.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13885595","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Also at Bacchus Landing is the remarkable \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Chief Adjuah\u003c/a> (née Christian Scott) in a double bill with \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">The Cookers\u003c/a> (Cecil McBee, George Cables, Billy Hart, Craig Handy, Eddie Henderson, Donald Harrison Jr. and David Weiss) on June 21; the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Joshua Redman Quartet featuring Gabrielle Cavassa\u003c/a> on June 23; and \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Ambrose Akinmusire, Bill Frisell and Herlin Riley\u003c/a> with opener the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953845/review-brandee-younger-alice-coltrane-san-francisco-sfjazz\">Brandee Younger\u003c/a> Trio on June 22. Redman \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/11661739/live-review-creative-risks-pay-off-at-healdsburgs-billy-hart-tribute\">tends to shine in Healdsburg\u003c/a>, and Younger \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13953845/review-brandee-younger-alice-coltrane-san-francisco-sfjazz\">blew my mind last month\u003c/a> in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cuban pianist \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/seatmap.asp?s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c&a2=\">Omar Sosa and his Quarteto Americanos\u003c/a> will perform on June 17 at Healdsburg’s venerable Raven Theater, a charming former movie theater built in 1949. And then there’s the small shows scattered all over town. My picks would be \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13951290/howard-wiley-gospel-jazz\">Howard Wiley\u003c/a>’s quartet at The Elephant in the Room on June 15, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/event.asp?eid=120759&s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c\">Jazz Mafia\u003c/a>’s “New Directions in Brass” at Spoonbar on June 19, and a \u003ca href=\"https://www.vbotickets.com/v5.0/event.asp?eid=119630&s=ef201ce0-568f-4437-8aa7-6d86afd9ab4c\">tribute to Duke Ellington with Tiffany Austin\u003c/a> at St. Paul’s Church on June 22.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for food? Other people will be happy to gush about Healdsburg’s world-class dining and wine. I’m more likely to recommend the no-frills \u003ca href=\"https://elsombrerohbg.com/\">El Sombrero\u003c/a> or \u003ca href=\"https://www.flakeycream.com/menu\">Flakey Cream\u003c/a> for lunch, and either Healdsburg’s Goodwill or a Russian River swimming hole for cheap thrills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But for a week in June, at least, we can all agree on the music.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The 26th Annual Healdsburg Jazz Festival runs June 15–23, 2024, at various venues in and around Healdsburg. \u003ca href=\"https://healdsburgjazz.org/schedule/\">Details here\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13955688/healdsburg-jazz-festival-lineup-2024-samara-joy-joshua-redman-ambrose-akinmusire-brandee-younger","authors":["185"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_69"],"tags":["arts_22068","arts_6786","arts_2683","arts_1420","arts_3584","arts_585"],"featImg":"arts_13955695","label":"arts"},"arts_13956315":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13956315","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13956315","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"sol-blume-festival-postponed-until-2025","title":"Sol Blume Festival Postponed Until 2025","publishDate":1713809281,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Sol Blume Festival Postponed Until 2025 | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"arts"},"content":"\u003cp>One of the West Coast’s biggest annual R&B events, Sacramento’s \u003ca href=\"https://solblume.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sol Blume Festival\u003c/a>, has been postponed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, event organizers announced that due to damage from winter storms that flooded Sacramento’s Discovery Park, the event, originally scheduled for May 3–5, will be postponed until the weekend of August 15–17, 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second year in a row the festival has changed dates due to issues with flooding in the park. Sol Blume officials announced that in an effort to avoid future flooding, the festival’s dates will move to the late summer for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13955802']The postponement caused a gut-punch for fans looking forward to seeing this year’s headliners of SZA, Snoh Aalegra and Kaytraminé, a duo comprised of lyricist Aminé and producer Kaytranada. Other artists scheduled to perform at the three-day weekend festival also included PARTYNEXTDOOR and Ari Lennox, as well as SiR, PinkPantheress, and Sacramento’s Nate Curry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tickets for the postponed 2024 featival will be honored at the 2025 festival, event organizers announced. Weekend pass holders who chose to retain their tickets will automatically receive upgrades to the next higher tier: GA passes will be upgraded to GA+ passes, GA+ passes to VIP passes, and VIP passes to Returnable VIP passes. (Returnable VIP pass holders will receive a $100 voucher for 2025 merch and concessions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival is also offering refunds for the 2024 festival. Fans looking to request a refund will have until May 17 to do so. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more information and further updates, check \u003ca href=\"https://solblume.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sol Blume’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Sacramento's three-day R&B festival won't be held in 2024 due to flooding issues in Discovery Park.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1713809281,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":9,"wordCount":281},"headData":{"title":"Sol Blume Festival Postponed Until 2025 | KQED","description":"Sacramento's three-day R&B festival won't be held in 2024 due to flooding issues in Discovery Park.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Sol Blume Festival Postponed Until 2025","datePublished":"2024-04-22T18:08:01.000Z","dateModified":"2024-04-22T18:08:01.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13956315/sol-blume-festival-postponed-until-2025","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of the West Coast’s biggest annual R&B events, Sacramento’s \u003ca href=\"https://solblume.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sol Blume Festival\u003c/a>, has been postponed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On Saturday, event organizers announced that due to damage from winter storms that flooded Sacramento’s Discovery Park, the event, originally scheduled for May 3–5, will be postponed until the weekend of August 15–17, 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the second year in a row the festival has changed dates due to issues with flooding in the park. Sol Blume officials announced that in an effort to avoid future flooding, the festival’s dates will move to the late summer for the foreseeable future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13955802","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The postponement caused a gut-punch for fans looking forward to seeing this year’s headliners of SZA, Snoh Aalegra and Kaytraminé, a duo comprised of lyricist Aminé and producer Kaytranada. Other artists scheduled to perform at the three-day weekend festival also included PARTYNEXTDOOR and Ari Lennox, as well as SiR, PinkPantheress, and Sacramento’s Nate Curry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tickets for the postponed 2024 featival will be honored at the 2025 festival, event organizers announced. Weekend pass holders who chose to retain their tickets will automatically receive upgrades to the next higher tier: GA passes will be upgraded to GA+ passes, GA+ passes to VIP passes, and VIP passes to Returnable VIP passes. (Returnable VIP pass holders will receive a $100 voucher for 2025 merch and concessions.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The festival is also offering refunds for the 2024 festival. Fans looking to request a refund will have until May 17 to do so. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For more information and further updates, check \u003ca href=\"https://solblume.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sol Blume’s website\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13956315/sol-blume-festival-postponed-until-2025","authors":["11491"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_69"],"tags":["arts_22068","arts_5779","arts_22097"],"featImg":"arts_13956316","label":"arts"},"arts_13927349":{"type":"posts","id":"arts_13927349","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"arts","id":"13927349","found":true},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"bay-area-hip-hop-1980s","title":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","publishDate":1680722857,"format":"aside","headTitle":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927363\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the mid-1980s, after years of street dance, DJing and graffiti sharing equal space, rapping took center stage. The Bay Area’s bass-heavy sound would arrive at the end of the decade. (Clockwise from top left: Too Short, MC Hammer, Dominique DiPrima, Club Nouveau, and Motorcycle Mike.) \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images; Al Pereira/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images; SFSU Television Archives; Raymond Boyd/Getty Images; Hodisk Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note\u003c/strong>: This story is part of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">That’s My Word\u003c/a>\u003cem>, KQED’s year-long exploration of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">Bay Area hip-hop\u003c/a> history, with new content dropping all throughout 2023.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span>t’s a wintry January evening when Bas-1 brings me to Del the Funky Homosapien’s house in the East Bay. For much of the afternoon, Bas — the \u003ca href=\"https://eastbayexpress.com/old-school-fool-1/\">Oakland native\u003c/a> who’s worked with Digital Underground and released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=bas-1+full+album+mentally+astute\">his own solo records\u003c/a> — has schooled me on the origins of the Bay Area hip-hop sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas lists numerous rappers from the ’80s, and not just Todd “Too Short” Shaw, the East Oakland rapper who famously hustled homemade cassette tapes. I’ve never heard most of the names Bas mentions: MC Chocolate Milk, Windell Baby Doll, Davy Def, Buddy Bean, Reggie Reg Rock Ski.ter, M.C. Tracy, Rock Master Fresh, Nic Nack, Kimmie Fresh, and the Acorn Crew with Grandmaster Fresh (a rapper later known as “DJ Daryl” Anderson, famed for producing tracks like 415’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZ6CAwZmys\">Side Show\u003c/a>” and 2Pac’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAJfDP3b5_U\">Keep Ya Head Up\u003c/a>”).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13924126']Many of these early Bay Area rappers never put out a commercially available record. Instead, their work is mostly confined to locally distributed cassette tapes — collectors call them “gray tapes” — that are now nearly impossible to find. They publicly broadcasted these tapes throughout neighborhoods, utilizing boomboxes and car stereos as well as stereos at house parties. “None of them sound like Too Short,” says Bas. “Some of these people didn’t put out recordings, but they were known.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the 1980s, Bay Area hip-hop was an artistic movement struggling for a distinct identity. The first half of the decade was defined by street dance and aerosol art as much as rap and DJing. But as local youth began to absorb the sounds emanating from national hotspots like New York, they created a distinctive style all their own — one that would make a global impact in the years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Del’s house, Bas queues up an extraordinary live video clip of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u3eiG9BtdE\">Mac Mill, Emperor E, and DJ Anthony “K-os” Bryant\u003c/a> performing at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690787/when-oakland-was-a-chocolate-city-a-brief-history-of-festival-at-the-lake\">Festival at the Lake\u003c/a>, a now-defunct annual event held at Lake Merritt, in 1988. (Alex “Naru” Reece, who organized the showcase where Mac Mill performed, clarified in a follow-up conversation that it didn’t happen during Festival at the Lake. He also says the showcase was filmed in 1986 for a 1988 video compilation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mac Mill and Emperor E go back and forth, trading sound effects and dense Oakland slang as K-os cuts and scratches copies of Long Island band Original Concept’s deathless bass classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai4VC0NUxl4\">Knowledge Me\u003c/a>.” Bas praises Mac Mill’s unusual “Arabian” style, which the latter deployed nearly a decade later with the 1995 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_f0TB3Igro\">Arabian Hump\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u3eiG9BtdE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then, Bas-1 calls Chris “CJ Flash” Jourdan, an OG who worked with Timex Social Club, the Berkeley teen band whose 1986 electro-funk classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVce2IeYcTg\">Rumors\u003c/a>,” represented the first national breakthrough for Bay Area hip-hop culture. As Bas broadcasts CJ Flash’s voice from his phone through Del’s stereo equipment, CJ Flash spends the next hour or so describing a fledging scene where poppers and boogaloo dancers, not rappers or DJs, were the prime attractions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These ensembles drew from a street-dance tradition that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13891300/reclaiming-the-legacy-of-oaklands-boogaloo-dance-culture\">dates back decades\u003c/a>. Their kinetic performances ignited crowds at high schools, house parties, and public spaces like Justin Herman Plaza and Union Square in San Francisco and UC Berkeley’s Sproul Plaza. Battles even took place on the street, with crews traveling to different neighborhoods around the region to seek out rivals. “You could meet with people on their turf and get down, and hopefully not get thumped in the process,” says CJ Flash. Many Bay Area hip-hop pioneers got their start in dance crews, including Club Nouveau’s Jay King (who pop-locked with The Unknowns), DJ King Tech (who was known as Wizard, and danced with Master City Breakers), and Flash himself (who \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1TtnI4dh8\">performed with UFO\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1TtnI4dh8\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By contrast, rapping was a relatively new and undeveloped skill, the lowest element on the hip-hop totem pole. “Anybody could rap. Anybody could say a bunch of basic rhyme words with no style and flavor,” says Bas, noting as an aside that “most folks couldn’t understand the lyrics anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How is a discussion about street dancers connected to an exploration of the Bay Area hip-hop sound? It’s important to understand the conditions under which the genre emerged locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Turntables, Casios and Homemade Tapes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As KQED’s Eric Arnold explains in “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13924126/the-bay-area-was-hip-hop-before-there-was-hip-hop\">The Bay Area Was Hip-Hop Before There Was Hip-Hop\u003c/a>,” foundational elements such as spoken word, funk, and rhythm & blues existed locally well before New Jersey trio Sugarhill Gang arrived with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKTUAESacQM\">Rapper’s Delight\u003c/a>” in the fall of 1979.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13923978']At the same time, the Bay Area was not the Bronx, where breakbeat culture catalyzed and fermented. Bronx DJs, MCs and B-boys like Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, the Rock Steady Crew and many others gained renown among mid-’70s New York youth long before “Rapper’s Delight.” By contrast, as CJ Flash explains, it took much of the 1980s for Bay Area youth to develop the cadences and rhythms we now associate with modern rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, enterprising musicians couldn’t purchase studio software and distribute their own music on an internet platform like Soundcloud. Recording equipment was expensive. An unsigned artist needed the financial and business expertise to manufacture vinyl and cassettes with artwork, much less convince record stores like Leopold’s Records in Berkeley to carry them. (Recordable CD-Rs weren’t widely used until the 1990s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This helps explain why so many rappers utilized turntables and Casio keyboards, and then recorded their songs using the microphone input on relatively cheap stereo equipment. Captured on recordable cassettes like Maxell and TDK, some of these “gray tapes” simply had stickers with handwritten titles. More often, they weren’t labeled at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927410\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927410\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of handmade Bay Area rap tapes, part of Naru’s home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In those days, Too Short was an outlier, a Fremont High School student who canvassed East Oakland spots like Arroyo Park, \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@bayareahiphoparchive/in-conversation-with-56fae687e9c\">selling copies of “Game Raps”\u003c/a> at a few dollars a pop. Since Short was originally from Los Angeles, he relied on rap partner Tony “Freddy B” Adams to show him around the Town. The duo \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#too-short-and-freddy-b-start-making-handmade-tapes\">made customized tapes for local drug dealers and players\u003c/a> in the city’s nightlife — now known as “special request” tapes — shouting out the customers’ names in their raps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Short was a hustler,” says CJ Flash. “He had a style of telling stories that was so outlandish and so funny that word got around.” Short and Freddy B developed the trademark “Biiiiitch!” catchphrase, and Short has often said that he and Freddy B intended to get famous together. Unfortunately, Freddy B was in prison when Short released his landmark “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwVJTvOO4yY\">Freaky Tales\u003c/a>” tape in 1987. (Adams is \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailyrepublic.com/all-dr-news/solano-news/local-features/from-too-hort-colleague-to-christian-missionary/\">now a minister\u003c/a> at Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Fairfield.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 676px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"676\" height=\"455\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927341\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg 676w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984-160x108.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short in 1984, at the age of 18. \u003ccite>(Katy Raddatz/San Francisco Examiner/Bancroft Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Others like Sir Quick Draw, Mac Mill, and Chief Naked Head (later known as Premo; he passed away in January of 2023) simply gave away their tapes or let friends copy or “dub” the originals. As Richmond rapper \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13925761/magic-mike-richmond-calvin-t-rap-hip-hop\">Magic Mike explained in a recent interview with Dregs One\u003c/a>, dubs of his tracks circulated as widely as Germany. “It was more or less trying to make a name for yourself…you had to make a tape,” adds CJ Flash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Bay Area hip-hop in the ’80s was a primordial soup of youngsters figuring out what the local sound would be. The answers wouldn’t arrive until near the end of the decade. “The Bay Area was behind,” says CJ Flash, comparing it to more advanced regions like Los Angeles, South Florida, and New York. “We never thought about radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Pivotal Moment’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alex “Naru Kwina” Hence remembers the first time he heard the Sugarhill Gang’s “Rapper’s Delight” as a 14-year-old preparing to attend Oakland High School. “When the song went off, everybody ran outside, like, ‘Did you hear that song?!” he laughs, calling it one of the best moments of his life. “It was a pivotal moment, bro. We literally started rapping the song and trying to remember it.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naru called himself Sir Quick Draw, an alias inspired by Hanna-Barbera cartoon \u003cem>Quick Draw McGraw\u003c/em> as well as the fact that, as a runner, “I was hella fast.” He took inspiration from Kurtis Blow, the Harlem rapper who scored major hits like 1980’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzl-2g5HhaI\">The Breaks\u003c/a>.” And Naru almost immediately began recording his voice on tape. His first original song was “The Caveman Rap,” which was inspired by Brooklyn rapper Jimmy Spicer’s 1980 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkGLco0tGqc\">Adventures of Super Rhyme\u003c/a>.” Naru can still recite those verses from memory: \u003cem>Now people come and take a trip in time with me / Back to that sweet year one million B.C.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still got that old-school flavor, man,” he admits. “Hip-hop was more fun for me back then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927368\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1-160x224.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Naru Kwina, who recorded under the names Sir Quick Draw and Em Cee Quick, poses with his home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But rap in the Bay Area didn’t take off right away. “Most people would rap other people’s songs. They’d just repeat what they heard on the radio,” says Naru. Aspiring MCs honed their craft by congregating at Eastmont Mall, “trying to impress the girls, and getting our names on our derby jackets.” And when Tom Tom Club’s 1981 hit “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECiMhe4E0pI\">Genius of Love\u003c/a>” dropped? “Everybody rapped over that joint, man. Too many people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s worth remembering that hip-hop was a phenomenon developed essentially by Black and Brown children. Rapping, pop-locking, spray-painting aerosol art on neighborhood walls, even DJing: These were youthful forms of play and creative expression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas, who grew up in North Oakland, remembers \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#at-fishermans-wharf-a-street-dance-destination-emerges\">popping and “roboting” at Pier 39 on Fisherman’s Wharf\u003c/a> in the late ’70s as a child. “You have people like Ben [James] from Live Incorporated doing pantomime and roboting,” he says, noting one of the better-known dance crews. Dancers competed for attention and tips that they could spend on Snickers bars and arcade games. “Battle-wise, you had to have skill and talent to a certain caliber in order to truly be out on the Wharf or on Market [and Powell] in front of the cable cars,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A street dance crew called The Vita Family perform at Pier 39 in 1986. \u003ccite>(Liz Hafalia/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local newspaper stories focused on the emergence of hip-hop as a youth obsession. Enterprising teachers incorporated it into their lesson plans. On high-school campuses, fledgling DJs like Joseph Thomas “G.I. Joe” Simms Jr. at El Cerrito High School and groups like the Devastating Four proliferated. At house parties, mobile DJ crews spun the latest electro, boogie-funk, and rap hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gatherings at schools, churches, and community centers typically reserved a few minutes for fledgling local rap and dance crews to perform. This was also the era of \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#nancy-reagan-visits-oakland-and-coins-the-phrase-just-say-no\">the Reagan Administration’s “Just Say No” campaign\u003c/a>, and kids were often asked to help spread an anti-drug message through raps. “Inspired by rapping groups such as Sugar Hill, Run DMC, Jeckyl and Hyde and Mell (sic) and the Furious Five, teen-agers create their own raps mostly for fun and to bring attention to themselves,” read a June 29, 1985, story in the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13925415']In the first half of the decade, street dance remained a focal point. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/04/1140504217/double-dutch-fantastic-four-holiday-classic\">Double Dutch jump-rope competitions\u003c/a> sponsored by McDonald’s drew thousands to Lincoln Square Center in Oakland. The San Francisco Street Breakers held a fundraising benefit, “Super Break Sunday,” at San Francisco’s Palace of Fine Arts in 1985. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, street dance “got played out” after the success of Hollywood movies like \u003cem>Beat Street\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Breakin’\u003c/em>, and rap music moved to the center of hip-hop culture. Quickening the process were concerts by Black music stars like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-fresh-fest-comes-to-oakland\">Fresh Festival\u003c/a>, the first national hip-hop tour, with headliners Run-DMC at the Oakland Coliseum. Local radio tentatively began to experiment with rap, notably KMEL-FM and its mix DJs such as Michael Erickson and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13828163/watch-cameron-paul-give-a-masterclass-in-early-djing\">the late Cameron Paul\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"952\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13927323\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-800x1190.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-160x238.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-768x1142.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1033x1536.jpg 1033w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_.jpg 1345w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flyer for the Fresh Festival, which arrived in Oakland in 1984.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“By 1985, there was this incredible scene in the South Bay,” says Adisa “The Bishop” Banjoko. As a teen DJ in San Bruno “who looked like Urkel,” he remembers traveling far and wide to buy records, from Creative Music Emporium in San Francisco to T’s Wauzi in Oakland. Meanwhile, nightclubs like Mothers and Studio 47 brought a fusion of hip-hop, freestyle and techno. “San Jose had underage hip-hop teenage clubs, and no other city had those,” he says. (Banjoko later became a rapper, a journalist, and now promotes jiu-jitsu, meditation and chess with his company \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/real64blocks/?hl=en\">64 Blocks\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Oakland, Naru continued making tapes. “I come from a musical family. My cousin’s the Maestro” — a.k.a. producer Keenan Foster, who has worked with Too Short, Dru Down, and Askari X — “and a lot of my family sings. I got a drum machine, a little Yamaha keyboard. I would play my bass lines. We had double-cassette decks.” He collaborated with Taj “Turntable T” Tilghman, “who was dope on the turntables.” Turntable T eventually bought a Roland TR-808 drum machine, the instrument du jour for def beat MCs. “When that 808 came, that was it. Everyone loved that deck. \u003cem>Boom!\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gray tapes” that circulated weren’t the EP and album-length releases we’re familiar with today. Some tapes only had one song per side; or maybe just one song on one side, period. Artists were judged not only by their ability to rap engagingly for several minutes, but also to chop up a familiar beat like Whodini’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5r0i2ZAbCc\">Friends\u003c/a>,” transforming it into something fresh and original; or even make rudimentary 808 beats. For example, Too Short drew attention for “rapping the longest,” as Bas explains, leading to songs that lasted eight or nine minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"682\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-1020x870.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-160x136.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-768x655.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adisa Banjoko in the 1980s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Adisa Banjoko)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those tapes were everywhere. Everyone was trying to see what was possible,” says Banjoko. In 1987, he began making raps under the name MC Most Ill. His first song was “Rhyme Junkie.” “The truth was, some of it was really cool but a lot of it actually also sucked, because [the art form] was brand new. … The quality control was not there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On August 18, 1984, the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> published an article called “Rapping with Too-Short,” the first story on the 18-year-old prodigy. Pacific News Service journalist Anthony Adams called Short’s songs “preacher-like yarns over pre-recorded music,” and noted that one of them was about automaker John DeLorean, whose conviction for cocaine trafficking made national news. Short claimed he and his partner Freddy B sold over 2,000 tapes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Chronicle-Examiner\u003c/em> also frequently interviewed \u003ca href=\"https://www.dominiquediprima.com/\">Dominique “Lady D” DiPrima\u003c/a>, a New York transplant and San Francisco State University student who rapped, sung, and organized events. DiPrima possessed a rich family pedigree — her father was the jazz writer Amiri Baraka, her mother the beat poet Diane DiPrima. In late 1984, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#home-turf-premieres-on-kron-tv\">KRON-TV recruited her to host \u003cem>Home Turf\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a Saturday-afternoon program that became appointment viewing for local teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone had a crush on Dominique,” says Naru, giggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1020x690.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-768x520.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1536x1039.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_.png 1540w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dominique DiPrima, pictured here hosting a 1987 episode of ‘Home Turf’ on KRON-4. \u003ccite>(SFSU Television Archive)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The First Bay Area Rap Record Opens the Floodgates\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the under-acknowledged aspects of early hip-hop is the way elder Black musicians shepherded young artists into the recording industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The late Sylvia Robinson, who was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2022, initially emerged in the mid-’50s as one-half of Mickey & Sylvia, who scored a national hit with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SwMB9v1pQ4\">Love Is Strange\u003c/a>.” As a ’70s solo artist and producer, Robinson made slinky, Eartha Kitt-like erotic disco capers such as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NA2X1040_gY\">Pillow Talk\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPScEJ66_m4\">Sweet Stuff\u003c/a>.” After discovering hip-hop when she heard DJ Lovebug Starski at a party, Robinson formed Sugar Hill Records, and turned three rapping teens she found in New Jersey into its first act, the Sugarhill Gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process of soul veterans working with young people resulted in independent 12” singles that mirrored — if not yet accurately capturing — the nascent rap sound at a time when big companies virtually ignored it. With his Mercury Records contract, Kurtis Blow was the only act with a major album deal. A handful of other pioneers like DJ Hollywood scored one-off 12” deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process played out in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2R_h9BCuvBE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first Bay Area rap record is widely considered to be Phil “Motorcycle Mike” Lewis and the Rat Trap Band’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4Odk2Vu70s\">Super Rat\u003c/a>,” a 1981 boogie-funk single notoriously released by East Oakland heroin kingpin Milton “Mickey Mo” Moore’s Hodisk Records. The name “Hodisk” was a cheeky reference to his onetime side business as a pimp. (Moore has since reformed and is now a pastor in West Oakland.) In fact, Mickey Mo boasts in his 1996 autobiography \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qy6RNV6f5w\">The Man: The Life Story of a Drug Kingpin\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, “Hodisk Records became the first record company on the West Coast to release a rap record.” (The first L.A. rap record, Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp’s “The Gigolo Rapp,” was also released in 1981.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mickey Mo has another claim to rap lore: In 1980, he \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-first-rap-performance-on-a-major-stage\">helped finance an Oakland Coliseum concert\u003c/a> headlined by L.A. funk band War, with the Sugarhill Gang as a supporting act. Journalist Lee Hildebrand’s pre-concert interview with the Gang in the \u003cem>Oakland Tribune\u003c/em> was the first mention of rap music in the local press. A second funk-rap novelty, Steve Walker’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vB9jCLUWwBY\">Tally Ho!\u003c/a>,” also appeared in 1981. In 1983, San Francisco’s Debo & Brian released the electro-funk EP \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgv_AfTbEng\">This Is It\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. The momentum had started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had made this vow that I would never ever do anything having to do with rap,” laughs Claytoven Richardson. During his long career, the Berkeley-born, Oakland-raised Richardson worked with Aretha Franklin, Kenny G, Whitney Houston, Elton John, and Celine Dion. But in the early ’80s, he was best known as a singer, producer, and arranger with hot dancefloor jazz-funk bands like Bill Summers & Summers’ Heat. His anti-rap stance reflected the music industry at large in the 1980s. “Nobody had the foresight to see that it would morph and change and do the things that it’s done,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 625px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"352\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927369\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg 625w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claytoven Richardson pictured in March 2023 in Los Angeles, California. \u003ccite>(Steven Simione/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Richardson couldn’t avoid the increasingly popular genre when he scored a production deal at Fantasy Records, the onetime Berkeley jazz label also known for innovative acts like Sylvester and Cybotron, as well as one-off singles generated by a “throw it against the wall and see if it sticks” philosophy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the records Richardson produced in that anything-goes environment was Mighty Mouth’s satirical complaint, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU1hAFnrtU8\">I’m All Rapped Out\u003c/a>.” (He wasn’t the only one annoyed over rap; perhaps out of wishful thinking, a 1985 \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> article referred to the “fast-fading hip-hop scene.”) A vocalist named Lawrence Pittman didn’t show up for the session, so Richardson performed the lyrics himself. However, Pittman showed up to rap on Mighty Mouth’s second single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqfQcLbemE4\">The Roaches\u003c/a>,” which parodied Whodini’s electro hit, “Freaks Come Out at Night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other scattered local raps appeared between 1985 and 1986. Former boogaloo dancer Jay King, just home from a stint in the Air Force and splitting time between Sacramento and Vallejo, formed a group called Frost and released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hObIekxeoSg\">Battle Beat\u003c/a>.” His friends Denzil Foster & Thomas McElroy produced it, as well as another electro-rap track, Sorcerey’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ap6uw-kX8o\">Woo Baby\u003c/a>.” Pittsburg rapper James “Red Beat” Briggs issued “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7dUlMEZUSc\">Freak City\u003c/a>,” which was later remixed by N.W.A. co-founder Arabian Prince. And there was Rodney “Disco Alamo” Brown, from Richmond, whose 12” “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6K-pXg1DY98\">The Task Force\u003c/a>” is \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#richmonds-task-force-memorialized-on-wax\">an early example\u003c/a> of Bay Area rap chronicling street life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927313\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"484\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927313\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-1020x618.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-768x465.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short, pictured at his manager’s house in Oakland on September 21, 1987. \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Too Short’s rising buzz led to a deal with deep East Oakland entrepreneur Dean Hodges’ 75 Girls label. Released in 1985, the resulting \u003cem>Don’t Stop Rappin’\u003c/em> was the first official album by a local rapper. While fans of a certain age still treasure protean electro-funk tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2ywke376NQ\">Girl\u003c/a>” — which E-40 referenced on his 1998 hit, “Earl, That’s Yo Life” — the album couldn’t compare to his raunchy and wickedly hilarious “special request” tapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during this period that Naru finally got his chance in the studio. Since 1984, UC Berkeley station \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#college-radio-makes-its-mark\">KALX-FM\u003c/a> served as home to “Music for the People,” a Sunday-morning community affairs and music show hosted by the late Charles “Natty Prep” Douglass, as well as DJs like Billy “Jam” Kiernan (who also broadcast on San Francisco State University station KUSF-FM), David “Davey D” Cook, and funkster Rickey “The Uhuru Maggot” Vincent. When Naru won \u003ca href=\"https://wfmu.org/playlists/shows/107287\">a 1986 rap contest hosted by Billy Jam on KALX\u003c/a>, he earned a deal with Bay Wave Records, a local imprint distributed by Hollywood-based Macola Records. Richardson was hired to produce the session.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlNn1Zh1ww\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Quick Draw] was a great rapper. He had a lot of great lyrics and ideas,” says Richardson. On “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlNn1Zh1ww\">Rapaholic\u003c/a>,” Richardson and session engineer Michael Denten (who later worked with Spice 1 and E-40) accompanied Quick Draw’s dexterous and energetic raps with sharp-angled percussive edits and sound effects reminiscent of The Art of Noise and Mantronix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Respect to Claytoven,” says Naru, who not only continues to make music but also owns a company, \u003ca href=\"http://hiplearning.org/\">Hip Learning\u003c/a>, that promotes childhood education with rap. He wasn’t entirely satisfied with the “Rapaholic” experience: “They made the record sound hella more polished. It was [supposed to be] a little more underground than that.” However, he adds, “[Claytoven] taught us a lot in the studio about the mics they use and how to mix. It was a good experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"889\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photocopied flyer advertising Sir Quick Draw’s single ‘Rapaholic.’ \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A Radio Breakthrough — And a Kid Named Hammer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the trajectory of Bay Area hip-hop waxed and waned, three catalyzing moments brought the scene into focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first was an R&B track. Timex Social Club’s “Rumors” captured the pulse of Bay Area youth culture, from Marcus Thompson and Alex Hill’s skittering electro-funk bass and drums to singer Michael Marshall’s distinctly regional accent and coy recitation of schoolyard gossip (“Did you hear the one about Michael? Some say he must be gay…”) Produced by Jay King and Denzil Foster and released on King’s Jay Records in February 1986, it mushroomed into a top ten \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> pop hit and dominated radio all year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVce2IeYcTg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But by the summer, Timex Social Club was falling apart and trading accusations with King over money and credit. The group’s only album \u003cem>Vicious Rumors\u003c/em> — by that point it was just Michael Marshall — featured drum programming from CJ Flash and a shout-out to KALX’s Natty Prep, who helped break “Rumors” on his “Music and Life” show. Marshall retreated from the spotlight before \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#i-got-5-on-it-remix-a-meeting-of-greats-recorded-in-alameda\">re-emerging as the hook man\u003c/a> on the Luniz’ 1995 smash “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERtkpnXLrL4\">I Got 5 on It\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After breaking with Timex Social Club, King formed a group called Jet Set and signed a deal with Warner Bros. Records. The group changed their name to Club Nouveau before debuting with the single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKWhkjXV5uM\">Jealousy\u003c/a>.” A follow-up, the Bill Withers cover “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbyjaUJWWmk\">Lean on Me\u003c/a>,” went to number-one on the \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> Hot 100, while Club Nouveau’s debut album \u003cem>Life, Love & Pain\u003c/em> went platinum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"489\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927310\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-768x470.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Singers Samuelle Prater, Jay King and Valerie Watson of Club Nouveau performs at the U.I.C. Pavilion in Chicago, Illinois in August 1987. \u003ccite>(Raymond Boyd/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>King’s growing stardom rippled across the Bay and reached Felton Pilate, the Vallejo keyboardist, singer, and producer best known as a driving force in Bay Area funk stars Con Funk Shun. The two had already worked together on King’s onetime rap group Frost; Pilate engineered that record. Pilate soon added one of King’s projects, Sacramento R&B/rap group New Choice, to a growing slate of projects he produced and engineered at his Felstar Studios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felstar Studios was the culmination of work he had begun while not touring and rehearsing with Con Funk Shun. At his home studio on Sandpiper Drive in Vallejo, Pilate helped assemble records for fledgling local artists. “I never thought of myself as just a studio,” he says, where he simply records his clients. “I have a little experience here. I’ve got several gold albums. Here, let me pass on some of this knowledge.” When asked if he considered himself a mentor, he demurs, even though that’s arguably what he was. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Pilate opened Felstar Studios on Sonoma Boulevard, his trusted associate was James Earley, a young engineer whom he credits for adding a more contemporary sensibility to the Studios’ output. Among the locals who came to them were M.V.P., a family trio consisting of Earl Stevens, Danell Stevens, and Brandt Jones. Their 1988 12”, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfLuAL6DueI\">The Kings Men\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, also included Tanina Stevens and Angela Pressley, who called themselves Sugar ‘N’ Spice. The members of M.V.P. updated their stage names to E-40, D-Shot and B-Legit, added Tanina as Suga T, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-clicks-down-dirty-ushers-in-mobb-music-era\">evolved into The Click\u003c/a>, arguably becoming the most famous rap group to emerge from Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927370\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">M.V.P., a 1988 Vallejo rap group featuring Busy D, E-40 and Legit (L–R). The three would later add E-40’s sister Suga T and become known as The Click. \u003ccite>(Gerry Ericksen / Rushforce Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1986, Pilate and Earley both had solo deals at Berkeley’s Fantasy Records. It was there that Pilate met a former Oakland A’s batboy named Stanley “Holyghost Boy” Burrell through Fantasy Records producer Fred L. Pittman. “Fred would often hire me to do keyboard arrangements for him,” says Pilate. When Pittman asked him to play keys for Holyghost Boy, Pilate responded, “Hey Fred, why don’t you let me take the reins on this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a classically trained jazz and classical musician, Pilate didn’t think much of rap, even though Con Funk Shun not only included a rap verse on a 1982 single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ9GHVTI-EE\">Ain’t Nobody Baby\u003c/a>”; but also made “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmmzvN7raB0\">Electric Lady\u003c/a>,” a 1985 hit produced by Larry Smith of Whodini fame that landed in the top five of \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>’s Black Singles chart. “Musically, I wasn’t a fan, but as a producer, I said, ‘I can do this,’” he says. “Like everyone else, Con Funk Shun wanted to be relevant, and rap was all over the radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tracks Burrell brought to Pilate consisted of him rapping over sparse Yamaha RX5 drum-machine parts. Pilate responded by going into “study mode.” He listened to the rap stuff that was getting airplay like Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew. As a result, the skittering percussion on Burrell’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akVWFiptGNY\">Let’s Get It Started\u003c/a>” is reminiscent of the go-go-inspired arrangements on Doug E. Fresh hits like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sGw9GSCiYU\">The Show\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UtqnKIF7kE\">All the Way to Heaven\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927325\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-1020x720.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-768x542.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer films the music video for ‘Let’s Get It Started’ at Sweet Jimmie’s nightclub in downtown Oakland, March 19, 1988. \u003ccite>(Deanne Fitzmaurice/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My thing was to make it more music-driven than beat-driven,” says Pilate. In many cases, he simply “listened to what [Burrell] was talking about and wrote a straight R&B song underneath it.” He also gives credit to Earley, who helped refine the drum programming and brought “that younger ear” to the project. They incorporated stock horn stabs from a battery of Juno, Roland, and Yamaha drum machines. Meanwhile, Kent “The Lone Mixer” Wilson and Bryant “D.J. Redeemed” Marable added rhythmic scratches by cutting up Curtis Mayfield and Beastie Boys records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the demos were finished, Fantasy Records dropped Pilate, Earley and Burrell from their deals. “They weren’t really sure how to market any of us,” says Pilate. Then, he chuckles, “The next time I ran into the Holyghost Boy, he had changed his name to MC Hammer.” After forming Bustin’ Records in Fremont with financial help from Oakland A’s ballplayers like Mike Davis and Dwayne Murphy, Hammer turned the Pilate demos into three 12”s — “Ring ’Em,” “The Thrill Is Gone” and “Let’s Get It Started” — and the 1987 album \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em>. “I was like, man, those were rough mixes! You were supposed to come back and let me fix that!” Pilate laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone involved in Bay Area hip-hop has vivid memories of MC Hammer blowing up. Near-mythical stories of his local takeover abound, like attending local concerts surrounded by a massive crew; or tearing up the dance floor at The Silks, a popular nightclub in Emeryville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927324\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"727\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-1020x926.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-160x145.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-768x698.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate.jpg 1058w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer and Fenton Pilate in modern times. Pilate engineered and co-produced MC Hammer’s first recordings. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Felton Pilate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s worth revisiting \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em> and 1988’s \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em>. Released after Hammer signed with Capitol Records, \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em> found Hammer and Pilate remixing those original demos while adding vital new tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sZVcXzSE3M\">Pump It Up\u003c/a>.” The results are bombastic and vibrant dance-floor jams as ecstatic as anything by Kid ‘n’ Play and Salt-n-Pepa. Hammer’s subsequent leap into pop superstardom with 1990’s \u003cem>Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em\u003c/em> and the ubiquity of “U Can’t Touch This” obscure just how great those early tracks are.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Eight Woofers in the Trunk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>MC Hammer’s major-label arrival in 1988 capped a year of Bay Area hip-hop on the cusp of national exposure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Too Short issued \u003cem>Born to Mack\u003c/em> in the fall of 1987 on his Dangerous Music label, Jive Records picked it up. (Dangerous Music also issued \u003cem>Dangerous Crew\u003c/em>, a compilation of vital Bay Area acts like Spice-1, Rappin’ 4-Tay, and the female duo Danger Zone.) Digital Underground’s playful and psychedelic “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zQ1frcgSbI\">Underwater Rimes\u003c/a> / \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpBNB20wVo0\">Your Life’s a Cartoon\u003c/a>” led to a deal with Tommy Boy. Local talent waited in the wings, including rapper/producer Paris (A.T.C.’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHpiPWfOBk4\">Cisco Jam\u003c/a>”), Sway & King Tech (\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBJujmVXiwE\">Flynamic Force\u003c/a>\u003c/em> EP), Dangerous Dame (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9Frj4j09GE\">The Power That’s Packed\u003c/a>”), and MC Twist and the Def Squad (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lZz7qhjfjw\">Just Rock\u003c/a>”). And the late Cameron Paul, known for his “Beats & Pieces” breakbeats, remixed Queens trio Salt-n-Pepa’s 1987 track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkdk1oMmtE\">Push It\u003c/a>” into a global phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13828164\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-800x496.jpg\" alt=\"Cameron Paul reveals his mixing secrets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"496\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13828164\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-768x476.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-240x149.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-375x233.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cameron Paul, who provided the spine of New Orleans bounce music with ‘Brown Beats’ and recorded a smash-hit remix of Salt ‘n’ Pepa’s ‘Push It,’ was also a prominent club and radio megamix DJ in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Incidentally, the first local group to score a major label deal wasn’t Hammer, but Surf MCs, a Berkeley group that Profile Records promoted as a Beastie Boys-like rap/rock crossover. Their 1987 album \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojCAqdBA7uA\">Surf or Die\u003c/a>\u003c/em> proved a flop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the third moment that catalyzed Bay Area hip-hop wasn’t a singular record like Timex Social Club’s “Rumors,” or an artist like Hammer and Short. It was the sound of walloping, all-enveloping bass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Made for surgically enhanced car and jeep stereos, the bass colossus is as much a feature of hip-hop in the mid-’80s as the pounding Roland TR-808 machine, from Rick Rubin’s production on LL Cool J’s “Rock the Bells” and T La Rock’s “It’s Yours” to Rodney O and DJ Joe Cooley’s “Everlasting Bass” and Dr. Dre’s work on Eazy-E’s “The Boyz-N-The Hood.” It also mirrors the crack-cocaine epidemic that began to blight and distort communities across the country. As street life turned treacherous, the specter of the hustler, and whether to become one, cast a growing shadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13925761']“Then the new style came, the bass got deeper / You gave up the mike and bought you a beeper / Do you want to rap or sell coke? / Brothers like you ain’t never broke,” Too Short memorably rapped on his 1989 hit, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvfUUOO0xoM\">Life Is…Too Short\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Banjoko recalls how the presence of gangs transformed local shows. “You would see a bunch of people dressed up together [in the same gear], and you might assume they were a rap or dance crew. They were young drug lords,” he says. “You could get trampled, beat up or robbed by any of them. I remember 69 Ville being massively deep at the Fresh Fest and the [Run-DMC] Raising Hell tour. They were terrifying, straight up. You were going to tuck your chain, you were going to take your Kangol off, or they were going to take it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927326\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"409\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hugh EMC, the San Francisco rapper whose 1988 single ‘It’s the Game’ unflinchingly chronicled street life. \u003ccite>(Soul Sonic Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rap imagery became more honest and explicit. Some like Richmond rapper Magic Mike, San Francisco’s Hugh EMC (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_p7L0eJfKI\">It’s the Game\u003c/a>”), and Oakland’s Hollywood (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/641778-Hollywood-Stay-Heart-And-Soul-Raps-Just-A-Battlefield\">Gangster Rap\u003c/a>”) seemed to embrace the hustler ethos, while cautiously adding verses about the consequences of that lifestyle. Then there was Oakland rapper Morocco Moe, whose “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogNoOCIVPrI\">Task\u003c/a>” criticized how law enforcement brutalized communities in the War on Drugs: “Their intentions are good/But their actions are wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every Black neighborhood was infested” with crack, says Vallejo producer Khayree Shaheed. “There was an influx of money coming into young Black men, but there was also a lot of death occurring.” The epidemic also marked his entry into the world of rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a descendant of the Bay Area’s vaunted funk tradition, Khayree spent the ’70s and early ’80s playing bass guitar for bands like Grand Larceny, Body Mind & Spirit and Touch of Class (with keyboardist Rosie Gaines, who later joined Prince & the New Power Generation). His travels took him across the U.S. and even to Japan, where Touch of Class lived and performed for several months. (Though his bands made demos, there are no official recordings to date.) When asked about the first time he heard rap, Khayree cites “jazzoetry” ensembles like The Last Poets, not the Sugarhill Gang. And as a youth growing up on Lofas Place in Vallejo, he spent plenty of time following Con Funk Shun, hoping to apprentice with the biggest band in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927412\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1020x651.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-768x490.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1536x980.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vallejo musician Khayree Shaheed, playing bass onstage in 1979. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Khayree was in his mid-20s when Rod “I.C.E.” Andrews and Dan “Luvva D” Morrison a.k.a. the Luvva Twins brought Khayree a demo they had made on a Casio keyboard, “Hubba Head.” The song title was slang for a crack addict, and the duo described the “hubba head’s” descent into addiction with charismatic punch. They arranged the music and rapped most of the lyrics, while Khayree dropped a short verse and added guitar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khayree had already spent time at Pilate’s home studio, honing his writing and production skills. (“I always enjoyed working with him,” says Pilate.) Now, he brought “Hubba Head” to Pilate, and the two prepared it for release. Setting up his own label, Big Bank Records, Khayree distributed two hundred copies of the 12” to DJs and influencers. “The record was super popular in the streets,” says Khayree.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pArkWvlAebg\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After “Hubba Head,” Khayree began working with Jay King, a fellow graduate of Vallejo High School. The opportunity to write and produce New Choice’s 1987 single “\u003ca href=\"http://<a%20href=\" https:>Cold Stupid\u003c/a>” and most of the quintet’s 1988 debut, \u003cem>At Last\u003c/em>, gave him important experience on a major project and financial stability. By fusing bass, funky R&B and hip-hop breakbeats, New Choice reflected a parallel R&B movement that both influenced and was inspired by the hip-hop scene. Similar Bay Area acts included Oakland’s Tony! Toni! Toné!, who parlayed backing sessions for Sheila E. and Tramaine Hawkins into a major-label deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flush from his experience with New Choice, Khayree was ready to start his own company. “I’m listening to EPMD’s \u003cem>Strictly Business\u003c/em>,” he says, inspiring the name of his second label, Strictly Business Records. He knew that Mike “The Mac” Robinson, who also grew up on Lofas Place, was a rapper. Robinson hailed from a musical family: his uncle Steve “Silver” Scales was a well-traveled Vallejo funk percussionist who played with Talking Heads, Tom Tom Club, and the B-52s. (Though it would be a delicious coincidence, Scales didn’t perform on “Genius of Love.”) Khayree encouraged Robinson to take music more seriously. Meanwhile, Robinson’s mother drew the memorable Strictly Business logo: an open briefcase, ready for business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, Khayree released The Mac’s three-song EP, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/805531-The-Mac-Im-Ah-Big-Mac\">I’m Ah Big Mac\u003c/a>.” Heard now, what immediately stands out is the unique \u003cem>tone\u003c/em> of the bass. “We used synthesizers that had dumb-fat bass lines,” explains Khayree in reference to himself and Too Short as well as future Bay Area colleagues like Ant Banks. By comparison, he says, other regional scenes relied on a “natural” bass guitar or samples from records. “You feel it through your whole body. … You can get it with a bass guitar, depending on how you EQ the bass and what you run your guitar through. But you’re \u003cem>never\u003c/em> going to touch the subs and the depth of a Minimoog, of the Oberheim Ovx, or the Roland Juno 106.” The EP’s highlight is its B-side “The Game Is Thick,” which centers on a sample of Prince’s “D.M.S.R.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"498\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-1020x635.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-768x478.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick.jpg 1537w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree and The Mac (L–R), pictured on the cover of The Mac’s ‘The Game is Thick.’ \u003ccite>(Phil Bray / Strictly Business Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1989, Khayree remixed and re-released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCxGl7Ok1YI\">The Game Is Thick\u003c/a>” as a standalone 12” with a memorable cover photo: Khayree looking super-clean in a grey suit, clasping a briefcase, with The Mac in a red-and-black bomber jacket. Khayree calls the style “pimping.” “We didn’t mean pimping so much as getting prostitutes to work,” he explains. “It’s an attitude, and it’s a musical style.” The “game” is a metaphor for life in the Black community. Street slang illustrated complex situations, whether it was dealing with the repercussions of a raging crack epidemic, or simply navigating the tensions of everyday living. Meanwhile, The Mac’s “cool, silky, pimpish” flow and Khayree’s synthesized bass production proved a clear predecessor to the ’90s mob-music sound that took over Bay Area rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='arts_13924167']Upon release, “The Game Is Thick” didn’t make a major impact, and most copies went to local DJ pools. “We promoted records out of the trunk,” says Khayree. “We went from Bobby G’s Soul Disco in San Francisco to [Rico Casanova’s record pool] The Pros in Oakland.” Still, “The Game Is Thick” remix received a mention in Davey “D” Cook’s April 7, 1989 “Beats & Breaks” column for \u003cem>BAM\u003c/em> Magazine. “Let me tell you, it’s hyped to the max,” Davey D wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Khayree’s encouragement, the Mac taught himself how to produce music with synth keyboards. He also introduced Khayree to another Vallejo artist, Andre “Mac Dre” Hicks, who became Strictly Business’ second act. By the time The Mac was shot and killed on July 23, 1991 in what Khayree calls “a case of mistaken identity,” the two had recorded dozens of tracks and released a third and final 12” protesting police violence, 1990’s “Enuff of Tis Sh-t!” One of The Mac’s beats posthumously appeared on Mac Dre’s 1993 track, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slA_s7tSjMU\">The M.A.C. & Mac D.R.E.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree with Kool Moe Dee at the 1988 BRE Conference in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Mike had a big, big loving heart,” remembers Khayree, sounding wistful. He emphasizes how The Mac left behind a daughter, “Mac” Reina Robinson, and a pregnant girlfriend who gave birth to his son, Mike. At one point, Khayree plays a voicemail of The Mac passionately singing a funky, swinging hook, as if to counteract the stereotype that rappers aren’t musicians. He talks about how The Mac’s way of playing simple, evocative keyboard notes for maximum effect echoes in the work of his famed protégé, Mac Dre. “I miss him,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area rap broke wide at the end of the decade, leading to a 1989 story in the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/10/arts/rap-by-the-bay-oakland-emerges-as-a-force-in-pop.html\">Rap by the Bay: Oakland Emerges as a Force in Pop\u003c/a>.” Not every local pioneer who laid the groundwork would enjoy the fruits of that success. But their stories are essential to understanding how local hip-hop came of age, and everything that came after.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1705005662,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":true,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":86,"wordCount":7705},"headData":{"title":"Bay Area Hip-Hop in the 1980s: A Look Back | KQED","description":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","ogTitle":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","ogDescription":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","ogImgId":"arts_13927363","twTitle":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","twDescription":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","twImgId":"arts_13927363","socialTitle":"Bay Area Hip-Hop in the 1980s: A Look Back %%page%% %%sep%% KQED","socialDescription":"Casio keyboards, homemade tapes and the boundless creativity of Bay Area youth flourished in the 1980s hip-hop scene.","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Bay Area Hip-Hop Found Its Sound in the 1980s","datePublished":"2023-04-05T19:27:37.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T20:41:02.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"},"authorsData":[{"type":"authors","id":"11855","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11855","found":true},"name":"Mosi Reeves","firstName":"Mosi","lastName":"Reeves","slug":"mreeves","email":"infamous30@gmail.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"KQED Contributor","bio":"Mosi Reeves is a journalist and cultural critic based in Oakland, California. In addition to KQED, his work has appeared in \u003cem>Rolling Stone\u003c/em>, \u003cem>The Wire\u003c/em>, Pitchfork, \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>, and Grammy.com.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":null,"facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"pop","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Mosi Reeves | KQED","description":"KQED Contributor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/6f376003ca1cf7a873edc107f5f331f1?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/mreeves"}],"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/png"},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png","width":1020,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/png"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"},"tagData":{"tags":["bay area rap","featured-arts","Hip Hop","Oakland","tmw-featured","Too Short","vallejo"]}},"source":"That's My Word","sourceUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop","sticky":false,"templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","excludeFromSiteSearch":"Include","articleAge":"0","path":"/arts/13927349/bay-area-hip-hop-1980s","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927363\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927363\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-800x450.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1020x574.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-160x90.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-768x432.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_-1536x864.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/that_s_my_word_____featured_image__3_.png 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In the mid-1980s, after years of street dance, DJing and graffiti sharing equal space, rapping took center stage. The Bay Area’s bass-heavy sound would arrive at the end of the decade. (Clockwise from top left: Too Short, MC Hammer, Dominique DiPrima, Club Nouveau, and Motorcycle Mike.) \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images; Al Pereira/Michael Ochs Archives/Getty Images; SFSU Television Archives; Raymond Boyd/Getty Images; Hodisk Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Editor’s note\u003c/strong>: This story is part of \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">That’s My Word\u003c/a>\u003cem>, KQED’s year-long exploration of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop\">Bay Area hip-hop\u003c/a> history, with new content dropping all throughout 2023.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-size: 4.6875em;float: left;line-height: 0.733em;padding: 0.05em 0.1em 0 0;font-family: times, serif, georgia\">I\u003c/span>t’s a wintry January evening when Bas-1 brings me to Del the Funky Homosapien’s house in the East Bay. For much of the afternoon, Bas — the \u003ca href=\"https://eastbayexpress.com/old-school-fool-1/\">Oakland native\u003c/a> who’s worked with Digital Underground and released \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=bas-1+full+album+mentally+astute\">his own solo records\u003c/a> — has schooled me on the origins of the Bay Area hip-hop sound.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas lists numerous rappers from the ’80s, and not just Todd “Too Short” Shaw, the East Oakland rapper who famously hustled homemade cassette tapes. I’ve never heard most of the names Bas mentions: MC Chocolate Milk, Windell Baby Doll, Davy Def, Buddy Bean, Reggie Reg Rock Ski.ter, M.C. Tracy, Rock Master Fresh, Nic Nack, Kimmie Fresh, and the Acorn Crew with Grandmaster Fresh (a rapper later known as “DJ Daryl” Anderson, famed for producing tracks like 415’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yuZ6CAwZmys\">Side Show\u003c/a>” and 2Pac’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fAJfDP3b5_U\">Keep Ya Head Up\u003c/a>”).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13924126","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Many of these early Bay Area rappers never put out a commercially available record. Instead, their work is mostly confined to locally distributed cassette tapes — collectors call them “gray tapes” — that are now nearly impossible to find. They publicly broadcasted these tapes throughout neighborhoods, utilizing boomboxes and car stereos as well as stereos at house parties. “None of them sound like Too Short,” says Bas. “Some of these people didn’t put out recordings, but they were known.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Throughout the 1980s, Bay Area hip-hop was an artistic movement struggling for a distinct identity. The first half of the decade was defined by street dance and aerosol art as much as rap and DJing. But as local youth began to absorb the sounds emanating from national hotspots like New York, they created a distinctive style all their own — one that would make a global impact in the years to come.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Del’s house, Bas queues up an extraordinary live video clip of \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5u3eiG9BtdE\">Mac Mill, Emperor E, and DJ Anthony “K-os” Bryant\u003c/a> performing at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11690787/when-oakland-was-a-chocolate-city-a-brief-history-of-festival-at-the-lake\">Festival at the Lake\u003c/a>, a now-defunct annual event held at Lake Merritt, in 1988. (Alex “Naru” Reece, who organized the showcase where Mac Mill performed, clarified in a follow-up conversation that it didn’t happen during Festival at the Lake. He also says the showcase was filmed in 1986 for a 1988 video compilation.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mac Mill and Emperor E go back and forth, trading sound effects and dense Oakland slang as K-os cuts and scratches copies of Long Island band Original Concept’s deathless bass classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ai4VC0NUxl4\">Knowledge Me\u003c/a>.” Bas praises Mac Mill’s unusual “Arabian” style, which the latter deployed nearly a decade later with the 1995 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5_f0TB3Igro\">Arabian Hump\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/5u3eiG9BtdE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/5u3eiG9BtdE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Then, Bas-1 calls Chris “CJ Flash” Jourdan, an OG who worked with Timex Social Club, the Berkeley teen band whose 1986 electro-funk classic, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jVce2IeYcTg\">Rumors\u003c/a>,” represented the first national breakthrough for Bay Area hip-hop culture. As Bas broadcasts CJ Flash’s voice from his phone through Del’s stereo equipment, CJ Flash spends the next hour or so describing a fledging scene where poppers and boogaloo dancers, not rappers or DJs, were the prime attractions. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These ensembles drew from a street-dance tradition that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13891300/reclaiming-the-legacy-of-oaklands-boogaloo-dance-culture\">dates back decades\u003c/a>. Their kinetic performances ignited crowds at high schools, house parties, and public spaces like Justin Herman Plaza and Union Square in San Francisco and UC Berkeley’s Sproul Plaza. Battles even took place on the street, with crews traveling to different neighborhoods around the region to seek out rivals. “You could meet with people on their turf and get down, and hopefully not get thumped in the process,” says CJ Flash. Many Bay Area hip-hop pioneers got their start in dance crews, including Club Nouveau’s Jay King (who pop-locked with The Unknowns), DJ King Tech (who was known as Wizard, and danced with Master City Breakers), and Flash himself (who \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ub1TtnI4dh8\">performed with UFO\u003c/a>).\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/ub1TtnI4dh8'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/ub1TtnI4dh8'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>By contrast, rapping was a relatively new and undeveloped skill, the lowest element on the hip-hop totem pole. “Anybody could rap. Anybody could say a bunch of basic rhyme words with no style and flavor,” says Bas, noting as an aside that “most folks couldn’t understand the lyrics anyway.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How is a discussion about street dancers connected to an exploration of the Bay Area hip-hop sound? It’s important to understand the conditions under which the genre emerged locally.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Turntables, Casios and Homemade Tapes\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As KQED’s Eric Arnold explains in “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13924126/the-bay-area-was-hip-hop-before-there-was-hip-hop\">The Bay Area Was Hip-Hop Before There Was Hip-Hop\u003c/a>,” foundational elements such as spoken word, funk, and rhythm & blues existed locally well before New Jersey trio Sugarhill Gang arrived with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rKTUAESacQM\">Rapper’s Delight\u003c/a>” in the fall of 1979.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13923978","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>At the same time, the Bay Area was not the Bronx, where breakbeat culture catalyzed and fermented. Bronx DJs, MCs and B-boys like Kool Herc, Grandmaster Flash, Afrika Bambaataa, Grandmaster Caz, the Rock Steady Crew and many others gained renown among mid-’70s New York youth long before “Rapper’s Delight.” By contrast, as CJ Flash explains, it took much of the 1980s for Bay Area youth to develop the cadences and rhythms we now associate with modern rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back then, enterprising musicians couldn’t purchase studio software and distribute their own music on an internet platform like Soundcloud. Recording equipment was expensive. An unsigned artist needed the financial and business expertise to manufacture vinyl and cassettes with artwork, much less convince record stores like Leopold’s Records in Berkeley to carry them. (Recordable CD-Rs weren’t widely used until the 1990s.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This helps explain why so many rappers utilized turntables and Casio keyboards, and then recorded their songs using the microphone input on relatively cheap stereo equipment. Captured on recordable cassettes like Maxell and TDK, some of these “gray tapes” simply had stickers with handwritten titles. More often, they weren’t labeled at all.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927410\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927410\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.BoxofTapes.CloseUp.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of handmade Bay Area rap tapes, part of Naru’s home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In those days, Too Short was an outlier, a Fremont High School student who canvassed East Oakland spots like Arroyo Park, \u003ca href=\"https://medium.com/@bayareahiphoparchive/in-conversation-with-56fae687e9c\">selling copies of “Game Raps”\u003c/a> at a few dollars a pop. Since Short was originally from Los Angeles, he relied on rap partner Tony “Freddy B” Adams to show him around the Town. The duo \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#too-short-and-freddy-b-start-making-handmade-tapes\">made customized tapes for local drug dealers and players\u003c/a> in the city’s nightlife — now known as “special request” tapes — shouting out the customers’ names in their raps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Short was a hustler,” says CJ Flash. “He had a style of telling stories that was so outlandish and so funny that word got around.” Short and Freddy B developed the trademark “Biiiiitch!” catchphrase, and Short has often said that he and Freddy B intended to get famous together. Unfortunately, Freddy B was in prison when Short released his landmark “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YwVJTvOO4yY\">Freaky Tales\u003c/a>” tape in 1987. (Adams is \u003ca href=\"https://www.dailyrepublic.com/all-dr-news/solano-news/local-features/from-too-hort-colleague-to-christian-missionary/\">now a minister\u003c/a> at Mount Calvary Baptist Church in Fairfield.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927341\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 676px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"676\" height=\"455\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927341\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984.jpg 676w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TooShort.SFExaminer.1984-160x108.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 676px) 100vw, 676px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short in 1984, at the age of 18. \u003ccite>(Katy Raddatz/San Francisco Examiner/Bancroft Library)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Others like Sir Quick Draw, Mac Mill, and Chief Naked Head (later known as Premo; he passed away in January of 2023) simply gave away their tapes or let friends copy or “dub” the originals. As Richmond rapper \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13925761/magic-mike-richmond-calvin-t-rap-hip-hop\">Magic Mike explained in a recent interview with Dregs One\u003c/a>, dubs of his tracks circulated as widely as Germany. “It was more or less trying to make a name for yourself…you had to make a tape,” adds CJ Flash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Bay Area hip-hop in the ’80s was a primordial soup of youngsters figuring out what the local sound would be. The answers wouldn’t arrive until near the end of the decade. “The Bay Area was behind,” says CJ Flash, comparing it to more advanced regions like Los Angeles, South Florida, and New York. “We never thought about radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘A Pivotal Moment’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Alex “Naru Kwina” Hence remembers the first time he heard the Sugarhill Gang’s “Rapper’s Delight” as a 14-year-old preparing to attend Oakland High School. “When the song went off, everybody ran outside, like, ‘Did you hear that song?!” he laughs, calling it one of the best moments of his life. “It was a pivotal moment, bro. We literally started rapping the song and trying to remember it.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Naru called himself Sir Quick Draw, an alias inspired by Hanna-Barbera cartoon \u003cem>Quick Draw McGraw\u003c/em> as well as the fact that, as a runner, “I was hella fast.” He took inspiration from Kurtis Blow, the Harlem rapper who scored major hits like 1980’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qzl-2g5HhaI\">The Breaks\u003c/a>.” And Naru almost immediately began recording his voice on tape. His first original song was “The Caveman Rap,” which was inspired by Brooklyn rapper Jimmy Spicer’s 1980 single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nkGLco0tGqc\">Adventures of Super Rhyme\u003c/a>.” Naru can still recite those verses from memory: \u003cem>Now people come and take a trip in time with me / Back to that sweet year one million B.C.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I still got that old-school flavor, man,” he admits. “Hip-hop was more fun for me back then.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"840\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927368\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Naru.Boxes_.1-160x224.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Naru Kwina, who recorded under the names Sir Quick Draw and Em Cee Quick, poses with his home archives. \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But rap in the Bay Area didn’t take off right away. “Most people would rap other people’s songs. They’d just repeat what they heard on the radio,” says Naru. Aspiring MCs honed their craft by congregating at Eastmont Mall, “trying to impress the girls, and getting our names on our derby jackets.” And when Tom Tom Club’s 1981 hit “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ECiMhe4E0pI\">Genius of Love\u003c/a>” dropped? “Everybody rapped over that joint, man. Too many people.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s worth remembering that hip-hop was a phenomenon developed essentially by Black and Brown children. Rapping, pop-locking, spray-painting aerosol art on neighborhood walls, even DJing: These were youthful forms of play and creative expression.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bas, who grew up in North Oakland, remembers \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#at-fishermans-wharf-a-street-dance-destination-emerges\">popping and “roboting” at Pier 39 on Fisherman’s Wharf\u003c/a> in the late ’70s as a child. “You have people like Ben [James] from Live Incorporated doing pantomime and roboting,” he says, noting one of the better-known dance crews. Dancers competed for attention and tips that they could spend on Snickers bars and arcade games. “Battle-wise, you had to have skill and talent to a certain caliber in order to truly be out on the Wharf or on Market [and Powell] in front of the cable cars,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927321\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"547\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927321\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-800x547.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-1020x697.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791-768x525.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1298788791.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A street dance crew called The Vita Family perform at Pier 39 in 1986. \u003ccite>(Liz Hafalia/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Local newspaper stories focused on the emergence of hip-hop as a youth obsession. Enterprising teachers incorporated it into their lesson plans. On high-school campuses, fledgling DJs like Joseph Thomas “G.I. Joe” Simms Jr. at El Cerrito High School and groups like the Devastating Four proliferated. At house parties, mobile DJ crews spun the latest electro, boogie-funk, and rap hits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gatherings at schools, churches, and community centers typically reserved a few minutes for fledgling local rap and dance crews to perform. This was also the era of \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#nancy-reagan-visits-oakland-and-coins-the-phrase-just-say-no\">the Reagan Administration’s “Just Say No” campaign\u003c/a>, and kids were often asked to help spread an anti-drug message through raps. “Inspired by rapping groups such as Sugar Hill, Run DMC, Jeckyl and Hyde and Mell (sic) and the Furious Five, teen-agers create their own raps mostly for fun and to bring attention to themselves,” read a June 29, 1985, story in the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13925415","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In the first half of the decade, street dance remained a focal point. \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/04/1140504217/double-dutch-fantastic-four-holiday-classic\">Double Dutch jump-rope competitions\u003c/a> sponsored by McDonald’s drew thousands to Lincoln Square Center in Oakland. The San Francisco Street Breakers held a fundraising benefit, “Super Break Sunday,” at San Francisco’s Palace of Fine Arts in 1985. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ironically, street dance “got played out” after the success of Hollywood movies like \u003cem>Beat Street\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Breakin’\u003c/em>, and rap music moved to the center of hip-hop culture. Quickening the process were concerts by Black music stars like the \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-fresh-fest-comes-to-oakland\">Fresh Festival\u003c/a>, the first national hip-hop tour, with headliners Run-DMC at the Oakland Coliseum. Local radio tentatively began to experiment with rap, notably KMEL-FM and its mix DJs such as Michael Erickson and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/arts/13828163/watch-cameron-paul-give-a-masterclass-in-early-djing\">the late Cameron Paul\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927323\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"640\" height=\"952\" class=\"size-large wp-image-13927323\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1020x1517.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-800x1190.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-160x238.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-768x1142.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_-1033x1536.jpg 1033w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/FreshFest.Flyer_.jpg 1345w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A flyer for the Fresh Festival, which arrived in Oakland in 1984.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“By 1985, there was this incredible scene in the South Bay,” says Adisa “The Bishop” Banjoko. As a teen DJ in San Bruno “who looked like Urkel,” he remembers traveling far and wide to buy records, from Creative Music Emporium in San Francisco to T’s Wauzi in Oakland. Meanwhile, nightclubs like Mothers and Studio 47 brought a fusion of hip-hop, freestyle and techno. “San Jose had underage hip-hop teenage clubs, and no other city had those,” he says. (Banjoko later became a rapper, a journalist, and now promotes jiu-jitsu, meditation and chess with his company \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/real64blocks/?hl=en\">64 Blocks\u003c/a>.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Oakland, Naru continued making tapes. “I come from a musical family. My cousin’s the Maestro” — a.k.a. producer Keenan Foster, who has worked with Too Short, Dru Down, and Askari X — “and a lot of my family sings. I got a drum machine, a little Yamaha keyboard. I would play my bass lines. We had double-cassette decks.” He collaborated with Taj “Turntable T” Tilghman, “who was dope on the turntables.” Turntable T eventually bought a Roland TR-808 drum machine, the instrument du jour for def beat MCs. “When that 808 came, that was it. Everyone loved that deck. \u003cem>Boom!\u003c/em>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gray tapes” that circulated weren’t the EP and album-length releases we’re familiar with today. Some tapes only had one song per side; or maybe just one song on one side, period. Artists were judged not only by their ability to rap engagingly for several minutes, but also to chop up a familiar beat like Whodini’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o5r0i2ZAbCc\">Friends\u003c/a>,” transforming it into something fresh and original; or even make rudimentary 808 beats. For example, Too Short drew attention for “rapping the longest,” as Bas explains, leading to songs that lasted eight or nine minutes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927334\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"682\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-800x682.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-1020x870.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-160x136.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait-768x655.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Adisa.portrait.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Adisa Banjoko in the 1980s. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Adisa Banjoko)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Those tapes were everywhere. Everyone was trying to see what was possible,” says Banjoko. In 1987, he began making raps under the name MC Most Ill. His first song was “Rhyme Junkie.” “The truth was, some of it was really cool but a lot of it actually also sucked, because [the art form] was brand new. … The quality control was not there.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On August 18, 1984, the \u003cem>San Francisco Examiner\u003c/em> published an article called “Rapping with Too-Short,” the first story on the 18-year-old prodigy. Pacific News Service journalist Anthony Adams called Short’s songs “preacher-like yarns over pre-recorded music,” and noted that one of them was about automaker John DeLorean, whose conviction for cocaine trafficking made national news. Short claimed he and his partner Freddy B sold over 2,000 tapes. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003cem>Chronicle-Examiner\u003c/em> also frequently interviewed \u003ca href=\"https://www.dominiquediprima.com/\">Dominique “Lady D” DiPrima\u003c/a>, a New York transplant and San Francisco State University student who rapped, sung, and organized events. DiPrima possessed a rich family pedigree — her father was the jazz writer Amiri Baraka, her mother the beat poet Diane DiPrima. In late 1984, \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#home-turf-premieres-on-kron-tv\">KRON-TV recruited her to host \u003cem>Home Turf\u003c/em>\u003c/a>, a Saturday-afternoon program that became appointment viewing for local teens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everyone had a crush on Dominique,” says Naru, giggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927320\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"541\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-800x541.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1020x690.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-160x108.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-768x520.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_-1536x1039.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/DominiqueDiprima.HomeTurf.SFSU_.png 1540w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dominique DiPrima, pictured here hosting a 1987 episode of ‘Home Turf’ on KRON-4. \u003ccite>(SFSU Television Archive)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>The First Bay Area Rap Record Opens the Floodgates\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>One of the under-acknowledged aspects of early hip-hop is the way elder Black musicians shepherded young artists into the recording industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The late Sylvia Robinson, who was inducted into the Rock & Roll Hall of Fame in 2022, initially emerged in the mid-’50s as one-half of Mickey & Sylvia, who scored a national hit with “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5SwMB9v1pQ4\">Love Is Strange\u003c/a>.” As a ’70s solo artist and producer, Robinson made slinky, Eartha Kitt-like erotic disco capers such as “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NA2X1040_gY\">Pillow Talk\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EPScEJ66_m4\">Sweet Stuff\u003c/a>.” After discovering hip-hop when she heard DJ Lovebug Starski at a party, Robinson formed Sugar Hill Records, and turned three rapping teens she found in New Jersey into its first act, the Sugarhill Gang.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This process of soul veterans working with young people resulted in independent 12” singles that mirrored — if not yet accurately capturing — the nascent rap sound at a time when big companies virtually ignored it. With his Mercury Records contract, Kurtis Blow was the only act with a major album deal. A handful of other pioneers like DJ Hollywood scored one-off 12” deals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A similar process played out in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/2R_h9BCuvBE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/2R_h9BCuvBE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>The first Bay Area rap record is widely considered to be Phil “Motorcycle Mike” Lewis and the Rat Trap Band’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=p4Odk2Vu70s\">Super Rat\u003c/a>,” a 1981 boogie-funk single notoriously released by East Oakland heroin kingpin Milton “Mickey Mo” Moore’s Hodisk Records. The name “Hodisk” was a cheeky reference to his onetime side business as a pimp. (Moore has since reformed and is now a pastor in West Oakland.) In fact, Mickey Mo boasts in his 1996 autobiography \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9qy6RNV6f5w\">The Man: The Life Story of a Drug Kingpin\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, “Hodisk Records became the first record company on the West Coast to release a rap record.” (The first L.A. rap record, Disco Daddy and Captain Rapp’s “The Gigolo Rapp,” was also released in 1981.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mickey Mo has another claim to rap lore: In 1980, he \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-first-rap-performance-on-a-major-stage\">helped finance an Oakland Coliseum concert\u003c/a> headlined by L.A. funk band War, with the Sugarhill Gang as a supporting act. Journalist Lee Hildebrand’s pre-concert interview with the Gang in the \u003cem>Oakland Tribune\u003c/em> was the first mention of rap music in the local press. A second funk-rap novelty, Steve Walker’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vB9jCLUWwBY\">Tally Ho!\u003c/a>,” also appeared in 1981. In 1983, San Francisco’s Debo & Brian released the electro-funk EP \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vgv_AfTbEng\">This Is It\u003c/a>\u003c/em>. The momentum had started.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had made this vow that I would never ever do anything having to do with rap,” laughs Claytoven Richardson. During his long career, the Berkeley-born, Oakland-raised Richardson worked with Aretha Franklin, Kenny G, Whitney Houston, Elton John, and Celine Dion. But in the early ’80s, he was best known as a singer, producer, and arranger with hot dancefloor jazz-funk bands like Bill Summers & Summers’ Heat. His anti-rap stance reflected the music industry at large in the 1980s. “Nobody had the foresight to see that it would morph and change and do the things that it’s done,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 625px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"625\" height=\"352\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927369\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson.jpg 625w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/ClaytovenRichardson-160x90.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 625px) 100vw, 625px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Claytoven Richardson pictured in March 2023 in Los Angeles, California. \u003ccite>(Steven Simione/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still, Richardson couldn’t avoid the increasingly popular genre when he scored a production deal at Fantasy Records, the onetime Berkeley jazz label also known for innovative acts like Sylvester and Cybotron, as well as one-off singles generated by a “throw it against the wall and see if it sticks” philosophy. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the records Richardson produced in that anything-goes environment was Mighty Mouth’s satirical complaint, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VU1hAFnrtU8\">I’m All Rapped Out\u003c/a>.” (He wasn’t the only one annoyed over rap; perhaps out of wishful thinking, a 1985 \u003cem>San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/em> article referred to the “fast-fading hip-hop scene.”) A vocalist named Lawrence Pittman didn’t show up for the session, so Richardson performed the lyrics himself. However, Pittman showed up to rap on Mighty Mouth’s second single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqfQcLbemE4\">The Roaches\u003c/a>,” which parodied Whodini’s electro hit, “Freaks Come Out at Night.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other scattered local raps appeared between 1985 and 1986. Former boogaloo dancer Jay King, just home from a stint in the Air Force and splitting time between Sacramento and Vallejo, formed a group called Frost and released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hObIekxeoSg\">Battle Beat\u003c/a>.” His friends Denzil Foster & Thomas McElroy produced it, as well as another electro-rap track, Sorcerey’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6ap6uw-kX8o\">Woo Baby\u003c/a>.” Pittsburg rapper James “Red Beat” Briggs issued “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a7dUlMEZUSc\">Freak City\u003c/a>,” which was later remixed by N.W.A. co-founder Arabian Prince. And there was Rodney “Disco Alamo” Brown, from Richmond, whose 12” “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6K-pXg1DY98\">The Task Force\u003c/a>” is \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#richmonds-task-force-memorialized-on-wax\">an early example\u003c/a> of Bay Area rap chronicling street life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927313\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"484\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927313\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-800x484.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-1020x618.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-160x97.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164-768x465.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1206295164.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Too Short, pictured at his manager’s house in Oakland on September 21, 1987. \u003ccite>(Steve Ringman/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most importantly, Too Short’s rising buzz led to a deal with deep East Oakland entrepreneur Dean Hodges’ 75 Girls label. Released in 1985, the resulting \u003cem>Don’t Stop Rappin’\u003c/em> was the first official album by a local rapper. While fans of a certain age still treasure protean electro-funk tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L2ywke376NQ\">Girl\u003c/a>” — which E-40 referenced on his 1998 hit, “Earl, That’s Yo Life” — the album couldn’t compare to his raunchy and wickedly hilarious “special request” tapes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during this period that Naru finally got his chance in the studio. Since 1984, UC Berkeley station \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#college-radio-makes-its-mark\">KALX-FM\u003c/a> served as home to “Music for the People,” a Sunday-morning community affairs and music show hosted by the late Charles “Natty Prep” Douglass, as well as DJs like Billy “Jam” Kiernan (who also broadcast on San Francisco State University station KUSF-FM), David “Davey D” Cook, and funkster Rickey “The Uhuru Maggot” Vincent. When Naru won \u003ca href=\"https://wfmu.org/playlists/shows/107287\">a 1986 rap contest hosted by Billy Jam on KALX\u003c/a>, he earned a deal with Bay Wave Records, a local imprint distributed by Hollywood-based Macola Records. Richardson was hired to produce the session.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/dLlNn1Zh1ww'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/dLlNn1Zh1ww'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>“[Quick Draw] was a great rapper. He had a lot of great lyrics and ideas,” says Richardson. On “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dLlNn1Zh1ww\">Rapaholic\u003c/a>,” Richardson and session engineer Michael Denten (who later worked with Spice 1 and E-40) accompanied Quick Draw’s dexterous and energetic raps with sharp-angled percussive edits and sound effects reminiscent of The Art of Noise and Mantronix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Respect to Claytoven,” says Naru, who not only continues to make music but also owns a company, \u003ca href=\"http://hiplearning.org/\">Hip Learning\u003c/a>, that promotes childhood education with rap. He wasn’t entirely satisfied with the “Rapaholic” experience: “They made the record sound hella more polished. It was [supposed to be] a little more underground than that.” However, he adds, “[Claytoven] taught us a lot in the studio about the mics they use and how to mix. It was a good experience.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"889\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927411\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/SirQuickdrawFlyer.72dpi-160x237.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A photocopied flyer advertising Sir Quick Draw’s single ‘Rapaholic.’ \u003ccite>(Mosi Reeves)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A Radio Breakthrough — And a Kid Named Hammer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As the trajectory of Bay Area hip-hop waxed and waned, three catalyzing moments brought the scene into focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first was an R&B track. Timex Social Club’s “Rumors” captured the pulse of Bay Area youth culture, from Marcus Thompson and Alex Hill’s skittering electro-funk bass and drums to singer Michael Marshall’s distinctly regional accent and coy recitation of schoolyard gossip (“Did you hear the one about Michael? Some say he must be gay…”) Produced by Jay King and Denzil Foster and released on King’s Jay Records in February 1986, it mushroomed into a top ten \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> pop hit and dominated radio all year.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/jVce2IeYcTg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/jVce2IeYcTg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>But by the summer, Timex Social Club was falling apart and trading accusations with King over money and credit. The group’s only album \u003cem>Vicious Rumors\u003c/em> — by that point it was just Michael Marshall — featured drum programming from CJ Flash and a shout-out to KALX’s Natty Prep, who helped break “Rumors” on his “Music and Life” show. Marshall retreated from the spotlight before \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#i-got-5-on-it-remix-a-meeting-of-greats-recorded-in-alameda\">re-emerging as the hook man\u003c/a> on the Luniz’ 1995 smash “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ERtkpnXLrL4\">I Got 5 on It\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After breaking with Timex Social Club, King formed a group called Jet Set and signed a deal with Warner Bros. Records. The group changed their name to Club Nouveau before debuting with the single “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKWhkjXV5uM\">Jealousy\u003c/a>.” A follow-up, the Bill Withers cover “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbyjaUJWWmk\">Lean on Me\u003c/a>,” went to number-one on the \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em> Hot 100, while Club Nouveau’s debut album \u003cem>Life, Love & Pain\u003c/em> went platinum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927310\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"489\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927310\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-800x489.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-1020x624.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-160x98.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851-768x470.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/GettyImages-1346275851.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Singers Samuelle Prater, Jay King and Valerie Watson of Club Nouveau performs at the U.I.C. Pavilion in Chicago, Illinois in August 1987. \u003ccite>(Raymond Boyd/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>King’s growing stardom rippled across the Bay and reached Felton Pilate, the Vallejo keyboardist, singer, and producer best known as a driving force in Bay Area funk stars Con Funk Shun. The two had already worked together on King’s onetime rap group Frost; Pilate engineered that record. Pilate soon added one of King’s projects, Sacramento R&B/rap group New Choice, to a growing slate of projects he produced and engineered at his Felstar Studios.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Felstar Studios was the culmination of work he had begun while not touring and rehearsing with Con Funk Shun. At his home studio on Sandpiper Drive in Vallejo, Pilate helped assemble records for fledgling local artists. “I never thought of myself as just a studio,” he says, where he simply records his clients. “I have a little experience here. I’ve got several gold albums. Here, let me pass on some of this knowledge.” When asked if he considered himself a mentor, he demurs, even though that’s arguably what he was. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Pilate opened Felstar Studios on Sonoma Boulevard, his trusted associate was James Earley, a young engineer whom he credits for adding a more contemporary sensibility to the Studios’ output. Among the locals who came to them were M.V.P., a family trio consisting of Earl Stevens, Danell Stevens, and Brandt Jones. Their 1988 12”, \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sfLuAL6DueI\">The Kings Men\u003c/a>\u003c/em>, also included Tanina Stevens and Angela Pressley, who called themselves Sugar ‘N’ Spice. The members of M.V.P. updated their stage names to E-40, D-Shot and B-Legit, added Tanina as Suga T, and \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/bayareahiphop/timeline#the-clicks-down-dirty-ushers-in-mobb-music-era\">evolved into The Click\u003c/a>, arguably becoming the most famous rap group to emerge from Vallejo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"700\" height=\"700\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927370\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40.jpg 700w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/MVP.e-40-160x160.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">M.V.P., a 1988 Vallejo rap group featuring Busy D, E-40 and Legit (L–R). The three would later add E-40’s sister Suga T and become known as The Click. \u003ccite>(Gerry Ericksen / Rushforce Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1986, Pilate and Earley both had solo deals at Berkeley’s Fantasy Records. It was there that Pilate met a former Oakland A’s batboy named Stanley “Holyghost Boy” Burrell through Fantasy Records producer Fred L. Pittman. “Fred would often hire me to do keyboard arrangements for him,” says Pilate. When Pittman asked him to play keys for Holyghost Boy, Pilate responded, “Hey Fred, why don’t you let me take the reins on this?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a classically trained jazz and classical musician, Pilate didn’t think much of rap, even though Con Funk Shun not only included a rap verse on a 1982 single, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GQ9GHVTI-EE\">Ain’t Nobody Baby\u003c/a>”; but also made “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kmmzvN7raB0\">Electric Lady\u003c/a>,” a 1985 hit produced by Larry Smith of Whodini fame that landed in the top five of \u003cem>Billboard\u003c/em>’s Black Singles chart. “Musically, I wasn’t a fan, but as a producer, I said, ‘I can do this,’” he says. “Like everyone else, Con Funk Shun wanted to be relevant, and rap was all over the radio.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The tracks Burrell brought to Pilate consisted of him rapping over sparse Yamaha RX5 drum-machine parts. Pilate responded by going into “study mode.” He listened to the rap stuff that was getting airplay like Doug E. Fresh & the Get Fresh Crew. As a result, the skittering percussion on Burrell’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=akVWFiptGNY\">Let’s Get It Started\u003c/a>” is reminiscent of the go-go-inspired arrangements on Doug E. Fresh hits like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6sGw9GSCiYU\">The Show\u003c/a>” and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-UtqnKIF7kE\">All the Way to Heaven\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927325\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"565\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927325\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-800x565.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-1020x720.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-160x113.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_-768x542.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.VIdeoShoot.NewParish.Getty_.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer films the music video for ‘Let’s Get It Started’ at Sweet Jimmie’s nightclub in downtown Oakland, March 19, 1988. \u003ccite>(Deanne Fitzmaurice/San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“My thing was to make it more music-driven than beat-driven,” says Pilate. In many cases, he simply “listened to what [Burrell] was talking about and wrote a straight R&B song underneath it.” He also gives credit to Earley, who helped refine the drum programming and brought “that younger ear” to the project. They incorporated stock horn stabs from a battery of Juno, Roland, and Yamaha drum machines. Meanwhile, Kent “The Lone Mixer” Wilson and Bryant “D.J. Redeemed” Marable added rhythmic scratches by cutting up Curtis Mayfield and Beastie Boys records.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the demos were finished, Fantasy Records dropped Pilate, Earley and Burrell from their deals. “They weren’t really sure how to market any of us,” says Pilate. Then, he chuckles, “The next time I ran into the Holyghost Boy, he had changed his name to MC Hammer.” After forming Bustin’ Records in Fremont with financial help from Oakland A’s ballplayers like Mike Davis and Dwayne Murphy, Hammer turned the Pilate demos into three 12”s — “Ring ’Em,” “The Thrill Is Gone” and “Let’s Get It Started” — and the 1987 album \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em>. “I was like, man, those were rough mixes! You were supposed to come back and let me fix that!” Pilate laughs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone involved in Bay Area hip-hop has vivid memories of MC Hammer blowing up. Near-mythical stories of his local takeover abound, like attending local concerts surrounded by a massive crew; or tearing up the dance floor at The Silks, a popular nightclub in Emeryville.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927324\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"727\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927324\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-800x727.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-1020x926.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-160x145.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate-768x698.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Hammer.Pilate.jpg 1058w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">MC Hammer and Fenton Pilate in modern times. Pilate engineered and co-produced MC Hammer’s first recordings. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Felton Pilate)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, it’s worth revisiting \u003cem>Feel My Power\u003c/em> and 1988’s \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em>. Released after Hammer signed with Capitol Records, \u003cem>Let’s Get It Started\u003c/em> found Hammer and Pilate remixing those original demos while adding vital new tracks like “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9sZVcXzSE3M\">Pump It Up\u003c/a>.” The results are bombastic and vibrant dance-floor jams as ecstatic as anything by Kid ‘n’ Play and Salt-n-Pepa. Hammer’s subsequent leap into pop superstardom with 1990’s \u003cem>Please Hammer Don’t Hurt ‘Em\u003c/em> and the ubiquity of “U Can’t Touch This” obscure just how great those early tracks are.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Eight Woofers in the Trunk\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>MC Hammer’s major-label arrival in 1988 capped a year of Bay Area hip-hop on the cusp of national exposure. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Too Short issued \u003cem>Born to Mack\u003c/em> in the fall of 1987 on his Dangerous Music label, Jive Records picked it up. (Dangerous Music also issued \u003cem>Dangerous Crew\u003c/em>, a compilation of vital Bay Area acts like Spice-1, Rappin’ 4-Tay, and the female duo Danger Zone.) Digital Underground’s playful and psychedelic “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5zQ1frcgSbI\">Underwater Rimes\u003c/a> / \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VpBNB20wVo0\">Your Life’s a Cartoon\u003c/a>” led to a deal with Tommy Boy. Local talent waited in the wings, including rapper/producer Paris (A.T.C.’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yHpiPWfOBk4\">Cisco Jam\u003c/a>”), Sway & King Tech (\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FBJujmVXiwE\">Flynamic Force\u003c/a>\u003c/em> EP), Dangerous Dame (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t9Frj4j09GE\">The Power That’s Packed\u003c/a>”), and MC Twist and the Def Squad (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4lZz7qhjfjw\">Just Rock\u003c/a>”). And the late Cameron Paul, known for his “Beats & Pieces” breakbeats, remixed Queens trio Salt-n-Pepa’s 1987 track “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SPkdk1oMmtE\">Push It\u003c/a>” into a global phenomenon.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13828164\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-800x496.jpg\" alt=\"Cameron Paul reveals his mixing secrets.\" width=\"800\" height=\"496\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13828164\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-160x99.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-768x476.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-240x149.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-375x233.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2018/03/CameronPaul-520x322.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cameron Paul, who provided the spine of New Orleans bounce music with ‘Brown Beats’ and recorded a smash-hit remix of Salt ‘n’ Pepa’s ‘Push It,’ was also a prominent club and radio megamix DJ in San Francisco. \u003ccite>(YouTube)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Incidentally, the first local group to score a major label deal wasn’t Hammer, but Surf MCs, a Berkeley group that Profile Records promoted as a Beastie Boys-like rap/rock crossover. Their 1987 album \u003cem>\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ojCAqdBA7uA\">Surf or Die\u003c/a>\u003c/em> proved a flop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet the third moment that catalyzed Bay Area hip-hop wasn’t a singular record like Timex Social Club’s “Rumors,” or an artist like Hammer and Short. It was the sound of walloping, all-enveloping bass.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Made for surgically enhanced car and jeep stereos, the bass colossus is as much a feature of hip-hop in the mid-’80s as the pounding Roland TR-808 machine, from Rick Rubin’s production on LL Cool J’s “Rock the Bells” and T La Rock’s “It’s Yours” to Rodney O and DJ Joe Cooley’s “Everlasting Bass” and Dr. Dre’s work on Eazy-E’s “The Boyz-N-The Hood.” It also mirrors the crack-cocaine epidemic that began to blight and distort communities across the country. As street life turned treacherous, the specter of the hustler, and whether to become one, cast a growing shadow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13925761","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“Then the new style came, the bass got deeper / You gave up the mike and bought you a beeper / Do you want to rap or sell coke? / Brothers like you ain’t never broke,” Too Short memorably rapped on his 1989 hit, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CvfUUOO0xoM\">Life Is…Too Short\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Banjoko recalls how the presence of gangs transformed local shows. “You would see a bunch of people dressed up together [in the same gear], and you might assume they were a rap or dance crew. They were young drug lords,” he says. “You could get trampled, beat up or robbed by any of them. I remember 69 Ville being massively deep at the Fresh Fest and the [Run-DMC] Raising Hell tour. They were terrifying, straight up. You were going to tuck your chain, you were going to take your Kangol off, or they were going to take it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927326\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"409\" class=\"size-full wp-image-13927326\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/HughEMC-160x109.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hugh EMC, the San Francisco rapper whose 1988 single ‘It’s the Game’ unflinchingly chronicled street life. \u003ccite>(Soul Sonic Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Rap imagery became more honest and explicit. Some like Richmond rapper Magic Mike, San Francisco’s Hugh EMC (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b_p7L0eJfKI\">It’s the Game\u003c/a>”), and Oakland’s Hollywood (“\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/641778-Hollywood-Stay-Heart-And-Soul-Raps-Just-A-Battlefield\">Gangster Rap\u003c/a>”) seemed to embrace the hustler ethos, while cautiously adding verses about the consequences of that lifestyle. Then there was Oakland rapper Morocco Moe, whose “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogNoOCIVPrI\">Task\u003c/a>” criticized how law enforcement brutalized communities in the War on Drugs: “Their intentions are good/But their actions are wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every Black neighborhood was infested” with crack, says Vallejo producer Khayree Shaheed. “There was an influx of money coming into young Black men, but there was also a lot of death occurring.” The epidemic also marked his entry into the world of rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a descendant of the Bay Area’s vaunted funk tradition, Khayree spent the ’70s and early ’80s playing bass guitar for bands like Grand Larceny, Body Mind & Spirit and Touch of Class (with keyboardist Rosie Gaines, who later joined Prince & the New Power Generation). His travels took him across the U.S. and even to Japan, where Touch of Class lived and performed for several months. (Though his bands made demos, there are no official recordings to date.) When asked about the first time he heard rap, Khayree cites “jazzoetry” ensembles like The Last Poets, not the Sugarhill Gang. And as a youth growing up on Lofas Place in Vallejo, he spent plenty of time following Con Funk Shun, hoping to apprentice with the biggest band in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927412\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"510\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927412\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-800x510.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1020x651.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-160x102.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-768x490.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi-1536x980.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.1979.DockoftheBay.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vallejo musician Khayree Shaheed, playing bass onstage in 1979. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Khayree was in his mid-20s when Rod “I.C.E.” Andrews and Dan “Luvva D” Morrison a.k.a. the Luvva Twins brought Khayree a demo they had made on a Casio keyboard, “Hubba Head.” The song title was slang for a crack addict, and the duo described the “hubba head’s” descent into addiction with charismatic punch. They arranged the music and rapped most of the lyrics, while Khayree dropped a short verse and added guitar.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Khayree had already spent time at Pilate’s home studio, honing his writing and production skills. (“I always enjoyed working with him,” says Pilate.) Now, he brought “Hubba Head” to Pilate, and the two prepared it for release. Setting up his own label, Big Bank Records, Khayree distributed two hundred copies of the 12” to DJs and influencers. “The record was super popular in the streets,” says Khayree.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/pArkWvlAebg'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/pArkWvlAebg'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>After “Hubba Head,” Khayree began working with Jay King, a fellow graduate of Vallejo High School. The opportunity to write and produce New Choice’s 1987 single “\u003ca href=\"http://<a%20href=\" https:>Cold Stupid\u003c/a>” and most of the quintet’s 1988 debut, \u003cem>At Last\u003c/em>, gave him important experience on a major project and financial stability. By fusing bass, funky R&B and hip-hop breakbeats, New Choice reflected a parallel R&B movement that both influenced and was inspired by the hip-hop scene. Similar Bay Area acts included Oakland’s Tony! Toni! Toné!, who parlayed backing sessions for Sheila E. and Tramaine Hawkins into a major-label deal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flush from his experience with New Choice, Khayree was ready to start his own company. “I’m listening to EPMD’s \u003cem>Strictly Business\u003c/em>,” he says, inspiring the name of his second label, Strictly Business Records. He knew that Mike “The Mac” Robinson, who also grew up on Lofas Place, was a rapper. Robinson hailed from a musical family: his uncle Steve “Silver” Scales was a well-traveled Vallejo funk percussionist who played with Talking Heads, Tom Tom Club, and the B-52s. (Though it would be a delicious coincidence, Scales didn’t perform on “Genius of Love.”) Khayree encouraged Robinson to take music more seriously. Meanwhile, Robinson’s mother drew the memorable Strictly Business logo: an open briefcase, ready for business.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1988, Khayree released The Mac’s three-song EP, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.discogs.com/release/805531-The-Mac-Im-Ah-Big-Mac\">I’m Ah Big Mac\u003c/a>.” Heard now, what immediately stands out is the unique \u003cem>tone\u003c/em> of the bass. “We used synthesizers that had dumb-fat bass lines,” explains Khayree in reference to himself and Too Short as well as future Bay Area colleagues like Ant Banks. By comparison, he says, other regional scenes relied on a “natural” bass guitar or samples from records. “You feel it through your whole body. … You can get it with a bass guitar, depending on how you EQ the bass and what you run your guitar through. But you’re \u003cem>never\u003c/em> going to touch the subs and the depth of a Minimoog, of the Oberheim Ovx, or the Roland Juno 106.” The EP’s highlight is its B-side “The Game Is Thick,” which centers on a sample of Prince’s “D.M.S.R.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"498\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927371\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-800x498.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-1020x635.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick-768x478.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/TheMac.GameisThick.jpg 1537w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree and The Mac (L–R), pictured on the cover of The Mac’s ‘The Game is Thick.’ \u003ccite>(Phil Bray / Strictly Business Records)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In 1989, Khayree remixed and re-released “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tCxGl7Ok1YI\">The Game Is Thick\u003c/a>” as a standalone 12” with a memorable cover photo: Khayree looking super-clean in a grey suit, clasping a briefcase, with The Mac in a red-and-black bomber jacket. Khayree calls the style “pimping.” “We didn’t mean pimping so much as getting prostitutes to work,” he explains. “It’s an attitude, and it’s a musical style.” The “game” is a metaphor for life in the Black community. Street slang illustrated complex situations, whether it was dealing with the repercussions of a raging crack epidemic, or simply navigating the tensions of everyday living. Meanwhile, The Mac’s “cool, silky, pimpish” flow and Khayree’s synthesized bass production proved a clear predecessor to the ’90s mob-music sound that took over Bay Area rap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"arts_13924167","label":""},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Upon release, “The Game Is Thick” didn’t make a major impact, and most copies went to local DJ pools. “We promoted records out of the trunk,” says Khayree. “We went from Bobby G’s Soul Disco in San Francisco to [Rico Casanova’s record pool] The Pros in Oakland.” Still, “The Game Is Thick” remix received a mention in Davey “D” Cook’s April 7, 1989 “Beats & Breaks” column for \u003cem>BAM\u003c/em> Magazine. “Let me tell you, it’s hyped to the max,” Davey D wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With Khayree’s encouragement, the Mac taught himself how to produce music with synth keyboards. He also introduced Khayree to another Vallejo artist, Andre “Mac Dre” Hicks, who became Strictly Business’ second act. By the time The Mac was shot and killed on July 23, 1991 in what Khayree calls “a case of mistaken identity,” the two had recorded dozens of tracks and released a third and final 12” protesting police violence, 1990’s “Enuff of Tis Sh-t!” One of The Mac’s beats posthumously appeared on Mac Dre’s 1993 track, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=slA_s7tSjMU\">The M.A.C. & Mac D.R.E.\u003c/a>”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_13927413\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"523\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-13927413\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-800x523.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1020x666.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-160x105.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-768x502.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi-1536x1003.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2023/04/Khayree.KoolMoeDee.72dpi.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khayree with Kool Moe Dee at the 1988 BRE Conference in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Courtesy Khayree Shaheed)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Mike had a big, big loving heart,” remembers Khayree, sounding wistful. He emphasizes how The Mac left behind a daughter, “Mac” Reina Robinson, and a pregnant girlfriend who gave birth to his son, Mike. At one point, Khayree plays a voicemail of The Mac passionately singing a funky, swinging hook, as if to counteract the stereotype that rappers aren’t musicians. He talks about how The Mac’s way of playing simple, evocative keyboard notes for maximum effect echoes in the work of his famed protégé, Mac Dre. “I miss him,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bay Area rap broke wide at the end of the decade, leading to a 1989 story in the \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1989/09/10/arts/rap-by-the-bay-oakland-emerges-as-a-force-in-pop.html\">Rap by the Bay: Oakland Emerges as a Force in Pop\u003c/a>.” Not every local pioneer who laid the groundwork would enjoy the fruits of that success. But their stories are essential to understanding how local hip-hop came of age, and everything that came after.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/arts/13927349/bay-area-hip-hop-1980s","authors":["11855"],"categories":["arts_1","arts_835","arts_966","arts_7862","arts_69","arts_75","arts_990","arts_70"],"tags":["arts_5397","arts_10278","arts_831","arts_1143","arts_19346","arts_3478","arts_3800"],"featImg":"arts_13927364","label":"source_arts_13927349","isLoading":false,"hasAllInfo":true}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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