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She is a 2013 graduate of Brooklyn Law School and is currently researching war on terror prosecutions for an upcoming book.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"amelscript","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"futureofyou","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["editor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Amel Ahmed | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/c8b48ebc98e770640f3013c470d23f3e?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/aahmed"},"kevinstark":{"type":"authors","id":"11608","meta":{"index":"authors_1591205172","id":"11608","found":true},"name":"Kevin Stark","firstName":"Kevin","lastName":"Stark","slug":"kevinstark","email":"kstark@kqed.org","display_author_email":true,"staff_mastheads":["science"],"title":"Senior Editor","bio":"Kevin is a senior editor for KQED Science, managing the station's health and climate desks. His journalism career began in the Pacific Northwest, and he later became a lead reporter for the San Francisco Public Press. His work has appeared in Pacific Standard magazine, the Energy News Network, the Center for Investigative Reporting's Reveal and WBEZ in Chicago. Kevin joined KQED in 2019, and has covered issues related to energy, wildfire, climate change and the environment.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"starkkev","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"news","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"science","roles":["administrator"]}],"headData":{"title":"Kevin Stark | KQED","description":"Senior Editor","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/1f646bf546a63d638e04ff23b52b0e79?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/kevinstark"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"firebase":{"requesting":{},"requested":{},"timestamps":{},"data":{},"ordered":{},"auth":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"authError":null,"profile":{"isLoaded":false,"isEmpty":true},"listeners":{"byId":{},"allIds":[]},"isInitializing":false,"errors":[]},"navBarReducer":{"navBarId":"news","fullView":true,"showPlayer":false},"navMenuReducer":{"menus":[{"key":"menu1","items":[{"name":"News","link":"/","type":"title"},{"name":"Politics","link":"/politics"},{"name":"Science","link":"/science"},{"name":"Education","link":"/educationnews"},{"name":"Housing","link":"/housing"},{"name":"Immigration","link":"/immigration"},{"name":"Criminal Justice","link":"/criminaljustice"},{"name":"Silicon Valley","link":"/siliconvalley"},{"name":"Forum","link":"/forum"},{"name":"The California Report","link":"/californiareport"}]},{"key":"menu2","items":[{"name":"Arts & Culture","link":"/arts","type":"title"},{"name":"Critics’ Picks","link":"/thedolist"},{"name":"Cultural Commentary","link":"/artscommentary"},{"name":"Food & Drink","link":"/food"},{"name":"Bay Area Hip-Hop","link":"/bayareahiphop"},{"name":"Rebel Girls","link":"/rebelgirls"},{"name":"Arts Video","link":"/artsvideos"}]},{"key":"menu3","items":[{"name":"Podcasts","link":"/podcasts","type":"title"},{"name":"Bay Curious","link":"/podcasts/baycurious"},{"name":"Rightnowish","link":"/podcasts/rightnowish"},{"name":"The Bay","link":"/podcasts/thebay"},{"name":"On Our Watch","link":"/podcasts/onourwatch"},{"name":"Mindshift","link":"/podcasts/mindshift"},{"name":"Consider This","link":"/podcasts/considerthis"},{"name":"Political Breakdown","link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown"}]},{"key":"menu4","items":[{"name":"Live Radio","link":"/radio","type":"title"},{"name":"TV","link":"/tv","type":"title"},{"name":"Events","link":"/events","type":"title"},{"name":"For Educators","link":"/education","type":"title"},{"name":"Support KQED","link":"/support","type":"title"},{"name":"About","link":"/about","type":"title"},{"name":"Help Center","link":"https://kqed-helpcenter.kqed.org/s","type":"title"}]}]},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"science_1950703":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1950703","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1950703","score":null,"sort":[1573074769000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"climate-change-is-driving-californias-wildfires-the-kincade-fire-not-so-much","title":"Climate Change is Driving California’s Wildfires. The Kincade Fire? Not So Much","publishDate":1573074769,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Climate Change is Driving California’s Wildfires. The Kincade Fire? Not So Much | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>Let’s get something out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s wildfire activity has increased for five decades, and a strong body of research implicates climate change as a key driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\">study\u003c/a> from Columbia University found that warming is the \u003cem>lead \u003c/em>driver in a five-fold increase in the area of California that burns during any given year. The U.S. Forest Service policy of stomping out every fire as quickly as possible exacerbates the long-term trend, loading forests with fuel to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, 2019 is an unusual year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By several measures, it is so far the least destructive wildfire year of the last five.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of this writing, California has experienced fewer fire incidents, acres burned, and structures destroyed in 2019 than any other year dating back to 2015, based on data from Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three people have lost their lives to wildfire this year. The only recent year with fewer wildfire deaths was 2016, when there were none.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"California Wildfire\" aria-label=\"Table\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/mKMWX/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"600\" height=\"339\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet wildfires have upended life across California. The Kincade Fire forced the evacuation of more than 180,000 people, a record for Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, PG&E cut power to hundreds of thousands of customers across 29 counties, to try and prevent more fires from starting. Some people went for days without electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No Forest Fires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To start, the fir, pine and other trees that fill the Sierra Nevada and higher elevations of Northern California are not burning much, thanks to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939675/big-snow-year-is-good-and-bad-news-for-california-but-mostly-good\">monster\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939675/big-snow-year-is-good-and-bad-news-for-california-but-mostly-good\">snow\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939675/big-snow-year-is-good-and-bad-news-for-california-but-mostly-good\">year\u003c/a> and a thorough soaking of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942464/bay-area-logs-its-wettest-may-this-century\">May\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942464/bay-area-logs-its-wettest-may-this-century\">rain\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kincade Fire, the year’s largest, has burned more than 77,000 acres of Sonoma County’s chaparral. Sage, shrubs, coastal live oak and madrones spot the grassy woodlands. Sure, there are areas with forest canopies here, but they are not nearly as thick as in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the fire is 100% contained, fire scientists say that strong winds, not forest fuel, drove the Kincade’s growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Sierra Nevada generally has less fires when we have wet years,” says Jon Keeley, a fire scientist with the U.S. Geological Survey. “But when you get into coastal California, rain isn’t necessarily a good predictor. It’s these extreme autumn winds which ultimately determine what happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeley says that the Kincade Fire and other severe fires from the last few years, including the Thomas Fire, Woolsey Fire and the North Bay fires of 2017, were “all blown by extreme wind events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The People\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change “is probably secondary” as a cause, Oregon State University fire ecologist Meg Krawchuk says about the Kincade Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other incidents this year underscore California’s wildfire vulnerabilities beyond warming, she adds. “This year’s fires are showing more sensitivity associated with how California is growing, where populations are, building codes, and where people are allowed to live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Californians — about a third of the state’s population — live in what academics call the WUI, or the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/data/WUI/\">wildland-urban interface\u003c/a>” (pronounced whoo-ie). Wildfires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1917302/bay-area-sprawl-has-put-homes-in-the-path-of-fires-what-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">threaten\u003c/a> these neighborhoods, trailer parks and small developments that have sprawled into the forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of people expected to move into harm’s way is increasing. That means it’s likelier that somebody will ignite a fire when the winds are strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increasingly, humans do not directly start fires. Our stuff does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Primarily, power lines,” Keeley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at acreage burned by power line ignitions from 2000 to the present, they burned about half a million acres in California. That’s five times more than burned in the previous 20 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming temperatures play an important role in California’s uptick in wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat waves are more common. Snow is melting earlier in the spring. The state is at least three degrees warmer and less rain is falling, report \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/climate-change-ca.pdf\">scientists\u003c/a> at the federal Environmental Protection Agency. The heat is expanding the area of the state prone to wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire needs three ingredients to burn: ignition, fuel and oxygen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming temperatures are baking conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada and Northern California, increasing the available fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strongest effect of that warming is in the summertime forest fires,” says Park Williams, a bioclimatologist at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrival of winter rains this year and strong dry winds were “essential ingredients” that likely contributed to the Kincade Fire, Williams says, but climate change may have been a contributing factor, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have one of those ingredients, but not the other, then you’re not going to get big fires,” he says. “When both of those switches are on, then it suddenly becomes very relevant that California is about three degrees Fahrenheit warmer than it would be without global warming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Wind\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Oct. 23 and Nov. 1, the National Weather Service issued three red flag warnings for windy, dry conditions in Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arriving back-to-back, the offshore winds were a kind of three-act play, with brief interludes in which the gusts calmed for a day before whipping up again and expanding the Kincade Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James Matson battled it in a bulldozer. “The fire was outrunning us,” he recalls. “We couldn’t go as fast as the fire, it would jump ahead of us.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National Weather Service forecasters in the Bay Area had not seen these conditions before, says David King, one of the meteorologists. “At one point I stood up and asked if anyone has ever put out three red flag warnings in one week, and no one had an answer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wind peaked the night of Saturday, Oct. 26 into Sunday, when gusts ripped faster than 90 miles per hour, in some locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/Ot4H8Y-NtHs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>The cellphone video above shows the Kincade Fire during one of the wind events. The video was provided by California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Ben Ingwerson, who led a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11784042/inmates-saved-homes-in-the-kincade-fire-theyll-face-an-uphill-battle-getting-firefighting-jobs-after-release\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">crew of inmate firefighters\u003c/a> in a fight against the wildfire. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some media outlets incorrectly reported the gusts as “hurricane force.” Scientists measure hurricane intensity by sustained wind speed, not gusts. Regardless, the winds were strong and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950377/heres-what-makes-the-winds-driving-the-kincade-fire-so-unusual\">the event lasted\u003c/a> for about 30 hours, which itself, is uncommon (King says these wind storms normally last for about 12 hours).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the gusts have subsided, the area remains bone dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King says measurements of the moisture in the atmosphere — known as precipitable water — tied the record for the lowest October reading ever recorded in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1190300390106910720?s=20\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While light winds are projected for the foreseeable future in Northern California, the reading is a reminder that fire season in California doesn’t adhere to a calendar. King suggests that 2019’s wildfire season could extend late into November or even December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no on-off switch,” he says. “Once it’s this dry, you must be prepared until you get a good soaking of rain. But nothing in the models shows even a sliver of rain coming our way.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"By several measures, 2019 is so far the least destructive wildfire year of the last five.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848166,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/mKMWX/1/"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":47,"wordCount":1244},"headData":{"title":"Climate Change is Driving California’s Wildfires. The Kincade Fire? Not So Much | KQED","description":"By several measures, 2019 is so far the least destructive wildfire year of the last five.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Climate Change is Driving California’s Wildfires. The Kincade Fire? Not So Much","datePublished":"2019-11-06T21:12:49.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:56:06.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Wildfire","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1950703/climate-change-is-driving-californias-wildfires-the-kincade-fire-not-so-much","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Let’s get something out of the way.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s wildfire activity has increased for five decades, and a strong body of research implicates climate change as a key driver.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1944993/study-climate-change-a-leading-driver-of-californias-wildfires\">study\u003c/a> from Columbia University found that warming is the \u003cem>lead \u003c/em>driver in a five-fold increase in the area of California that burns during any given year. The U.S. Forest Service policy of stomping out every fire as quickly as possible exacerbates the long-term trend, loading forests with fuel to burn.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That said, 2019 is an unusual year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By several measures, it is so far the least destructive wildfire year of the last five.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of this writing, California has experienced fewer fire incidents, acres burned, and structures destroyed in 2019 than any other year dating back to 2015, based on data from Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three people have lost their lives to wildfire this year. The only recent year with fewer wildfire deaths was 2016, when there were none.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" title=\"California Wildfire\" aria-label=\"Table\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/mKMWX/1/\" scrolling=\"no\" frameborder=\"0\" style=\"border: none;\" width=\"600\" height=\"339\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet wildfires have upended life across California. The Kincade Fire forced the evacuation of more than 180,000 people, a record for Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, PG&E cut power to hundreds of thousands of customers across 29 counties, to try and prevent more fires from starting. Some people went for days without electricity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, what’s going on?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>No Forest Fires\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To start, the fir, pine and other trees that fill the Sierra Nevada and higher elevations of Northern California are not burning much, thanks to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939675/big-snow-year-is-good-and-bad-news-for-california-but-mostly-good\">monster\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939675/big-snow-year-is-good-and-bad-news-for-california-but-mostly-good\">snow\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1939675/big-snow-year-is-good-and-bad-news-for-california-but-mostly-good\">year\u003c/a> and a thorough soaking of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942464/bay-area-logs-its-wettest-may-this-century\">May\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1942464/bay-area-logs-its-wettest-may-this-century\">rain\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Kincade Fire, the year’s largest, has burned more than 77,000 acres of Sonoma County’s chaparral. Sage, shrubs, coastal live oak and madrones spot the grassy woodlands. Sure, there are areas with forest canopies here, but they are not nearly as thick as in the Sierra.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now that the fire is 100% contained, fire scientists say that strong winds, not forest fuel, drove the Kincade’s growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Sierra Nevada generally has less fires when we have wet years,” says Jon Keeley, a fire scientist with the U.S. Geological Survey. “But when you get into coastal California, rain isn’t necessarily a good predictor. It’s these extreme autumn winds which ultimately determine what happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keeley says that the Kincade Fire and other severe fires from the last few years, including the Thomas Fire, Woolsey Fire and the North Bay fires of 2017, were “all blown by extreme wind events.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The People\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Climate change “is probably secondary” as a cause, Oregon State University fire ecologist Meg Krawchuk says about the Kincade Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other incidents this year underscore California’s wildfire vulnerabilities beyond warming, she adds. “This year’s fires are showing more sensitivity associated with how California is growing, where populations are, building codes, and where people are allowed to live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millions of Californians — about a third of the state’s population — live in what academics call the WUI, or the “\u003ca href=\"https://www.nrs.fs.fed.us/data/WUI/\">wildland-urban interface\u003c/a>” (pronounced whoo-ie). Wildfires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1917302/bay-area-sprawl-has-put-homes-in-the-path-of-fires-what-now\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">threaten\u003c/a> these neighborhoods, trailer parks and small developments that have sprawled into the forests.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The number of people expected to move into harm’s way is increasing. That means it’s likelier that somebody will ignite a fire when the winds are strong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Increasingly, humans do not directly start fires. Our stuff does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Primarily, power lines,” Keeley says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at acreage burned by power line ignitions from 2000 to the present, they burned about half a million acres in California. That’s five times more than burned in the previous 20 years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Climate Change\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming temperatures play an important role in California’s uptick in wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heat waves are more common. Snow is melting earlier in the spring. The state is at least three degrees warmer and less rain is falling, report \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/sites/production/files/2016-09/documents/climate-change-ca.pdf\">scientists\u003c/a> at the federal Environmental Protection Agency. The heat is expanding the area of the state prone to wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fire needs three ingredients to burn: ignition, fuel and oxygen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Warming temperatures are baking conifer forests in the Sierra Nevada and Northern California, increasing the available fuel.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The strongest effect of that warming is in the summertime forest fires,” says Park Williams, a bioclimatologist at Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The arrival of winter rains this year and strong dry winds were “essential ingredients” that likely contributed to the Kincade Fire, Williams says, but climate change may have been a contributing factor, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you have one of those ingredients, but not the other, then you’re not going to get big fires,” he says. “When both of those switches are on, then it suddenly becomes very relevant that California is about three degrees Fahrenheit warmer than it would be without global warming.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Wind\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Between Oct. 23 and Nov. 1, the National Weather Service issued three red flag warnings for windy, dry conditions in Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Arriving back-to-back, the offshore winds were a kind of three-act play, with brief interludes in which the gusts calmed for a day before whipping up again and expanding the Kincade Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">James Matson battled it in a bulldozer. “The fire was outrunning us,” he recalls. “We couldn’t go as fast as the fire, it would jump ahead of us.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>National Weather Service forecasters in the Bay Area had not seen these conditions before, says David King, one of the meteorologists. “At one point I stood up and asked if anyone has ever put out three red flag warnings in one week, and no one had an answer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The wind peaked the night of Saturday, Oct. 26 into Sunday, when gusts ripped faster than 90 miles per hour, in some locations.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/Ot4H8Y-NtHs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/Ot4H8Y-NtHs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>The cellphone video above shows the Kincade Fire during one of the wind events. The video was provided by California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation’s Ben Ingwerson, who led a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11784042/inmates-saved-homes-in-the-kincade-fire-theyll-face-an-uphill-battle-getting-firefighting-jobs-after-release\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">crew of inmate firefighters\u003c/a> in a fight against the wildfire. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some media outlets incorrectly reported the gusts as “hurricane force.” Scientists measure hurricane intensity by sustained wind speed, not gusts. Regardless, the winds were strong and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1950377/heres-what-makes-the-winds-driving-the-kincade-fire-so-unusual\">the event lasted\u003c/a> for about 30 hours, which itself, is uncommon (King says these wind storms normally last for about 12 hours).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the gusts have subsided, the area remains bone dry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>King says measurements of the moisture in the atmosphere — known as precipitable water — tied the record for the lowest October reading ever recorded in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1190300390106910720"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>While light winds are projected for the foreseeable future in Northern California, the reading is a reminder that fire season in California doesn’t adhere to a calendar. King suggests that 2019’s wildfire season could extend late into November or even December.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no on-off switch,” he says. “Once it’s this dry, you must be prepared until you get a good soaking of rain. But nothing in the models shows even a sliver of rain coming our way.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1950703/climate-change-is-driving-californias-wildfires-the-kincade-fire-not-so-much","authors":["11608"],"categories":["science_31","science_33","science_35","science_40","science_3730"],"tags":["science_194","science_4203","science_113","science_187"],"featImg":"science_1950737","label":"source_science_1950703"},"science_1950377":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1950377","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1950377","score":null,"sort":[1572308239000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"heres-what-makes-the-winds-driving-the-kincade-fire-so-unusual","title":"Here's What Makes the Winds Driving the Kincade Fire So Unusual","publishDate":1572308239,"format":"standard","headTitle":"Here’s What Makes the Winds Driving the Kincade Fire So Unusual | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Almost a week after it began, the Kincade Fire in Sonoma County is only 15% contained. Emergency officials and meteorologists say this fire has been so hard to control because intense winds have caused flames to spread rapidly and unpredictably.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last Wednesday evening, high winds predicted for Sonoma County prompted power shutoffs in the region, and PG&E reported that equipment on a transmission tower near the fire’s origin broke right around the time it ignited.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On Sunday, winds blew with speeds upward of 90 mph; a single gust recorded from a PG&E weather sensor in northern Sonoma County passed the 100 mph mark. Fire officials warn that another high-wind event forecast for Tuesday night into Wednesday morning could continue to prevent crews from bringing the fire under control. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brian Garcia, warning coordination meteorologist with the National Weather Service for the Bay Area, says several characteristics of the winds in the region make the current conditions “unprecedented.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Three Events in Less Than a Week \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s unusual to log so many offshore wind events (i.e., winds blowing from land out toward the ocean) in such a short span of time, Garcia says. Including the winds predicted for Tuesday night, there will have been three major wind events in fewer than seven days. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I’ve never seen it happen this way in my 10 years forecasting on the California coast,” he adds.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1188833512020819968\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garcia says people in his field don’t record wind records in databases the same way they keep temperature data. Because winds shift constantly they’re harder to monitor. So weather watchers track wind data in “storm reports” that chronicle the effects of extreme weather events.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After the 2017 Wine Country fires, Garcia says PG&E and the National Weather Service have gotten better at tracking the speed of winds in the region.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Wind Speeds Topping 100 Miles Per Hour\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An analysis of weather data captured during the Wine Country fires estimated that wind gusts in isolated areas topped 100 mph.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“That event … was the biggest event we’ve ever seen in the Bay Area, at least in recorded history and personal knowledge from various people around the Bay Area,” Garcia says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the aftermath, PG&E increased the number of wind sensors in the region. The utility shares this data with the National Weather Service. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garcia says another wind event on Sunday with speeds between 80 and 90 mph eventually crossing the 100 mph barrier, only two years after 2017’s historic wind event, may signal a significant shift in what to expect from now on.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Historic? It’s All About Duration \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to the wind speed Sunday, he says, another factor makes them stand out. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“The thing that really made it historic and unprecedented is the longevity of those winds. So we went for over 24 hours with very strong wind,” Garcia says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/Mithris/status/1188509885865979905\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That type of high wind event typically lasts for 6 to 12 hours, he says, then adds, “this one was extended by about double of what we typically see as our max.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While downslope, dry winds are not unusual for autumns in California, the strength of this event \u003cem>\u003cstrong>was\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>, says Craig Clements, director of San Jose State University’s Fire Weather Research Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To have 100-mile-an-hour winds, at these mountain peaks, is extraordinary. That’s not common. 75? You know, that happens, not all the time, but it does happen a lot,” Clements observes. “I would say that because these winds were so extreme, that made this event unique.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fire crews will have a short respite from windy conditions until Tuesday night. Garcia says weather models forecast the next event to last into Wednesday morning. Then they expect speeds in the 40 to 50 mph range — significantly less intense than Sunday’s gusts, but similar to speeds observed last Wednesday when the fire broke out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"'I’ve never seen it happen this way in my 10 years forecasting on the California coast,' said one Bay Area meteorologist for the National Weather Service.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704848189,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":23,"wordCount":707},"headData":{"title":"Here's What Makes the Winds Driving the Kincade Fire So Unusual | KQED","description":"'I’ve never seen it happen this way in my 10 years forecasting on the California coast,' said one Bay Area meteorologist for the National Weather Service.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Here's What Makes the Winds Driving the Kincade Fire So Unusual","datePublished":"2019-10-29T00:17:19.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T00:56:29.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/1950377/heres-what-makes-the-winds-driving-the-kincade-fire-so-unusual","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Almost a week after it began, the Kincade Fire in Sonoma County is only 15% contained. Emergency officials and meteorologists say this fire has been so hard to control because intense winds have caused flames to spread rapidly and unpredictably.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Last Wednesday evening, high winds predicted for Sonoma County prompted power shutoffs in the region, and PG&E reported that equipment on a transmission tower near the fire’s origin broke right around the time it ignited.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On Sunday, winds blew with speeds upward of 90 mph; a single gust recorded from a PG&E weather sensor in northern Sonoma County passed the 100 mph mark. Fire officials warn that another high-wind event forecast for Tuesday night into Wednesday morning could continue to prevent crews from bringing the fire under control. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Brian Garcia, warning coordination meteorologist with the National Weather Service for the Bay Area, says several characteristics of the winds in the region make the current conditions “unprecedented.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Three Events in Less Than a Week \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It’s unusual to log so many offshore wind events (i.e., winds blowing from land out toward the ocean) in such a short span of time, Garcia says. Including the winds predicted for Tuesday night, there will have been three major wind events in fewer than seven days. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“I’ve never seen it happen this way in my 10 years forecasting on the California coast,” he adds.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1188833512020819968"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garcia says people in his field don’t record wind records in databases the same way they keep temperature data. Because winds shift constantly they’re harder to monitor. So weather watchers track wind data in “storm reports” that chronicle the effects of extreme weather events.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">After the 2017 Wine Country fires, Garcia says PG&E and the National Weather Service have gotten better at tracking the speed of winds in the region.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Wind Speeds Topping 100 Miles Per Hour\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">An analysis of weather data captured during the Wine Country fires estimated that wind gusts in isolated areas topped 100 mph.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“That event … was the biggest event we’ve ever seen in the Bay Area, at least in recorded history and personal knowledge from various people around the Bay Area,” Garcia says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the aftermath, PG&E increased the number of wind sensors in the region. The utility shares this data with the National Weather Service. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Garcia says another wind event on Sunday with speeds between 80 and 90 mph eventually crossing the 100 mph barrier, only two years after 2017’s historic wind event, may signal a significant shift in what to expect from now on.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Historic? It’s All About Duration \u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In addition to the wind speed Sunday, he says, another factor makes them stand out. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">“The thing that really made it historic and unprecedented is the longevity of those winds. So we went for over 24 hours with very strong wind,” Garcia says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"singleTwitterStatus","attributes":{"named":{"id":"1188509885865979905"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">That type of high wind event typically lasts for 6 to 12 hours, he says, then adds, “this one was extended by about double of what we typically see as our max.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While downslope, dry winds are not unusual for autumns in California, the strength of this event \u003cem>\u003cstrong>was\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>, says Craig Clements, director of San Jose State University’s Fire Weather Research Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“To have 100-mile-an-hour winds, at these mountain peaks, is extraordinary. That’s not common. 75? You know, that happens, not all the time, but it does happen a lot,” Clements observes. “I would say that because these winds were so extreme, that made this event unique.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fire crews will have a short respite from windy conditions until Tuesday night. Garcia says weather models forecast the next event to last into Wednesday morning. Then they expect speeds in the 40 to 50 mph range — significantly less intense than Sunday’s gusts, but similar to speeds observed last Wednesday when the fire broke out.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1950377/heres-what-makes-the-winds-driving-the-kincade-fire-so-unusual","authors":["11368"],"categories":["science_40"],"tags":["science_3464","science_365","science_187"],"featImg":"science_1950393","label":"science"},"science_1926669":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1926669","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1926669","score":null,"sort":[1530223316000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"its-going-to-get-hot-fire-weather-warning-in-effect-this-weekend-for-north-bay","title":"It's Going to Get Hot. Fire Weather Warning in Effect This Weekend for North Bay","publishDate":1530223316,"format":"standard","headTitle":"It’s Going to Get Hot. Fire Weather Warning in Effect This Weekend for North Bay | KQED","labelTerm":{},"content":"\u003cp>As the Bay Area gears up for triple digit temperatures this weekend, officials are warning conditions are already ripe for wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service has issued a red-flag fire weather warning for parts of the North Bay this weekend due to a dangerous combination of gusty winds, high temperatures, and low humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Residents should avoid activities that may trigger a fire, including lawn work, driving on grass, tossing cigarettes, campfires, or fireworks.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The warning extends from 11 p.m. Friday to 11 p.m. Saturday, and covers regions of higher elevation in Napa County and far eastern Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northeast winds \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/showsigwx.php?warnzone=CAZ507&warncounty=CAC055&firewxzone=CAZ507&local_place1=4%20Miles%20W%20Lake%20Berryessa%20CA&product1=Red+Flag+Warning&lat=38.5818&lon=-122.319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">will strengthen overnight\u003c/a> Friday followed by warmer and drier conditions on Saturday, according to the service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[googlemaps https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=1yFb10tX5BPvSXtBWgOF1eZDVGE8&w=640&h=480]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winds of 15 miles per hour to 30 mph are expected, with gusts up to 40 mph. Daytime humidity is expected to drop to the 10 to 20 percent range, recovering poorly at night to less than 30 percent. Those numbers will drop to the single digits in the driest locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dry and windy conditions mean any fires that develop will likely spread rapidly. Forecasters are asking residents to avoid activities that may trigger a fire, including lawn work, driving on grass, tossing cigarettes, campfires, or fireworks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">A red flag warning has been issued and will go in effect tomorrow night. Here’s a look at what kind of wind speeds and humidity values we are expecting for a few select locations in Napa county. RHs will likely drop into the upper single digits for the driest areas. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/cawx?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#cawx\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/HLPO1V9KVh\">pic.twitter.com/HLPO1V9KVh\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— NWS Bay Area (@NWSBayArea) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1012411050904424449?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 28, 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The service also issued a moderate risk warning for heat related illnesses for the East and North Bay, with inland temperatures on Friday soaring close to 100 degrees. Saturday will experience even warmer weather, up to 105 degrees. [contextly_sidebar id=”JGhTD5aSnNzwbBskZn8Ghe08maPk1aBe”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least a dozen wind-driven wildfires broke out last weekend throughout rural regions in Northern California, forcing thousands of people to leave their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest blaze, the Pawnee Fire in Lake County, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scorched 13,700 acres\u003c/a> and destroyed 12 homes since it began on Saturday. The blaze is 56 percent contained as of Friday morning, according to Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to this weekend’s fire weather warning, Sonoma County officials have issued \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CountyofSonoma/status/1012407098066391040\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evacuation guidelines\u003c/a>. [contextly_sidebar id=”T97eN26KdnMyVBJf9Smf5sCxXRmzzpKS”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For important\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CountyofSonoma/status/1012407098066391040\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> updates on this weekend’s\u003c/a> weather warning, follow the Bay Area’s National Weather Service on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Dry and warm weather coupled with wind gusts will increase the risk of wildfire spreading in elevated regions of Napa Valley and far eastern Sonoma County.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704927750,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":15,"wordCount":444},"headData":{"title":"It's Going to Get Hot. Fire Weather Warning in Effect This Weekend for North Bay | KQED","description":"Dry and warm weather coupled with wind gusts will increase the risk of wildfire spreading in elevated regions of Napa Valley and far eastern Sonoma County.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"It's Going to Get Hot. Fire Weather Warning in Effect This Weekend for North Bay","datePublished":"2018-06-28T22:01:56.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:02:30.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"source":"Weather","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1926669/its-going-to-get-hot-fire-weather-warning-in-effect-this-weekend-for-north-bay","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As the Bay Area gears up for triple digit temperatures this weekend, officials are warning conditions are already ripe for wildfires.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Weather Service has issued a red-flag fire weather warning for parts of the North Bay this weekend due to a dangerous combination of gusty winds, high temperatures, and low humidity.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Residents should avoid activities that may trigger a fire, including lawn work, driving on grass, tossing cigarettes, campfires, or fireworks.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The warning extends from 11 p.m. Friday to 11 p.m. Saturday, and covers regions of higher elevation in Napa County and far eastern Sonoma County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Northeast winds \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/showsigwx.php?warnzone=CAZ507&warncounty=CAC055&firewxzone=CAZ507&local_place1=4%20Miles%20W%20Lake%20Berryessa%20CA&product1=Red+Flag+Warning&lat=38.5818&lon=-122.319\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">will strengthen overnight\u003c/a> Friday followed by warmer and drier conditions on Saturday, according to the service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003ciframe\n src='https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=1yFb10tX5BPvSXtBWgOF1eZDVGE8&w=640&h=480'\n title='https://www.google.com/maps/d/embed?mid=1yFb10tX5BPvSXtBWgOF1eZDVGE8&w=640&h=480'\n width='640'\n height='480'\n scrolling='no'\n frameborder='no'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Winds of 15 miles per hour to 30 mph are expected, with gusts up to 40 mph. Daytime humidity is expected to drop to the 10 to 20 percent range, recovering poorly at night to less than 30 percent. Those numbers will drop to the single digits in the driest locations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The dry and windy conditions mean any fires that develop will likely spread rapidly. Forecasters are asking residents to avoid activities that may trigger a fire, including lawn work, driving on grass, tossing cigarettes, campfires, or fireworks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote class=\"twitter-tweet\">\n\u003cp dir=\"ltr\" lang=\"en\">A red flag warning has been issued and will go in effect tomorrow night. Here’s a look at what kind of wind speeds and humidity values we are expecting for a few select locations in Napa county. RHs will likely drop into the upper single digits for the driest areas. \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/hashtag/cawx?src=hash&ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">#cawx\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://t.co/HLPO1V9KVh\">pic.twitter.com/HLPO1V9KVh\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>— NWS Bay Area (@NWSBayArea) \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/NWSBayArea/status/1012411050904424449?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw\">June 28, 2018\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>The service also issued a moderate risk warning for heat related illnesses for the East and North Bay, with inland temperatures on Friday soaring close to 100 degrees. Saturday will experience even warmer weather, up to 105 degrees. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least a dozen wind-driven wildfires broke out last weekend throughout rural regions in Northern California, forcing thousands of people to leave their homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest blaze, the Pawnee Fire in Lake County, has \u003ca href=\"http://www.fire.ca.gov/current_incidents/incidentdetails/Index/2080\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">scorched 13,700 acres\u003c/a> and destroyed 12 homes since it began on Saturday. The blaze is 56 percent contained as of Friday morning, according to Cal Fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response to this weekend’s fire weather warning, Sonoma County officials have issued \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CountyofSonoma/status/1012407098066391040\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">evacuation guidelines\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For important\u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CountyofSonoma/status/1012407098066391040\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> updates on this weekend’s\u003c/a> weather warning, follow the Bay Area’s National Weather Service on Twitter.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1926669/its-going-to-get-hot-fire-weather-warning-in-effect-this-weekend-for-north-bay","authors":["11428"],"categories":["science_31","science_35","science_37","science_40"],"tags":["science_2924","science_3370","science_112","science_1231","science_3428","science_187"],"featImg":"science_1926705","label":"source_science_1926669"},"science_1210275":{"type":"posts","id":"science_1210275","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"1210275","score":null,"sort":[1480951842000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-renewable-energy-companies-arent-so-scared-of-trump","title":"Renewable Energy Can Flourish Despite Trump","publishDate":1480951842,"format":"audio","headTitle":"Renewable Energy Can Flourish Despite Trump | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cp>President-Elect Donald Trump has made clear his support for fossil fuels, which scientists have determined are a leading contributor to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the campaign trail, Trump went as far as promising a triumphant comeback for coal, which produces the most greenhouse gases of all. Meanwhile renewable energy sources got mixed reviews from the candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know a lot about solar,” Trump said at a Fresno campaign rally over the summer. “I love solar, except there’s a problem with it. It’s got a lot of problems with it. One problem is it’s so expensive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sounds like enough to make any solar company executive break out in a sweat, but the mood in some executive suites is surprisingly buoyant.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think there’s no question that states are going to be critical.’\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Dan Kammen, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I’m cautiously optimistic,” says Michael Wheeler of Recurrent Energy, a San Francisco-based solar company. “We’re feeling as though we’re going to be okay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason: Wheeler says Trump’s perception of the cost is hopelessly out of date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anybody who thinks that solar is expensive at the utility scale right now hasn’t seen the latest,” he says. “Solar’s price, because it’s a technology, will continue to go lower and lower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Upside\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Power from big solar projects is \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2015/09/30/price-of-solar-energy-in-the-united-states-has-fallen-to-5%C2%A2kwh-on-average/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about 70 percent cheaper\u003c/a> today than it was a decade ago. The cost of wind power has also come down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, in some places, the price of the power they produce is competitive with fossil fuels like natural gas. Some electric utilities are choosing renewables based on cost alone, even in red states like Texas and Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clean energy is not a niche product anymore,” Wheeler says.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1210283\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1059px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1210283 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4.jpg\" alt=\"The Barren Ridge solar project in Kern County, California.\" width=\"1059\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4.jpg 1059w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-800x471.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-768x453.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-1020x601.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-960x566.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-240x141.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-375x221.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-520x306.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1059px) 100vw, 1059px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Barren Ridge solar project in Kern County, California. \u003ccite>(Recurrent Energy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Trump Administration could also open more public land for development, something cheered by oil and gas companies and opposed by many environmentalists. But renewable energy companies also stand to gain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a place where we think we could do even better under a Trump administration,” Wheeler says. “We’ve had a very difficult time building solar on public lands under the Obama Administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When state and federal agencies \u003ca href=\"http://largely%20end%20wind%20energy%20development%20in%20California\">unveiled a recent plan\u003c/a> prioritizing federal lands for renewables in California, the wind energy industry’s trade association said restrictions in the plan would “largely end wind energy development in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Downside\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some other clouds in the forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar and wind companies rely on longstanding tax credits, which were extended in Congress last December, after a lengthy struggle. The 30 percent Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC) will expire at the end of 2019, when it starts ramping down eventually to 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”nBhyhpsAqwZDFdglnpNrbMhgjZCX8FOc”]“The legislation is one of the greatest investments in renewable energy in American history,” said Senator Harry Reid upon passing the credit extension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Trump Administration allows those credits to dry up, which could take several years, demand for solar and wind could drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly there would be a different forecast for price projection, but it’s not so significant that the market would crater,” Wheeler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second potential downer for renewable energy: Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/11/11/trump-has-vowed-to-kill-the-clean-power-plan-heres-how-he-might-and-might-not-succeed/?utm_term=.97d4f9822d22\">vowed to shelve\u003c/a> one of the keystones in Obama’s climate change policy, known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/fact-sheet-overview-clean-power-plan\">Clean Power Plan\u003c/a>, under which states would have to move away from coal power. Wheeler says that would have quadrupled the market for renewables.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-9OlGJ\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9OlGJ/8/\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" align=\"right\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not depending upon it but to have that be messaged as being dead was pretty heart-wrenching,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>States Drive the Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s no question that states are going to be critical,” said Dan Kammen, professor of energy at UC Berkeley. He says, sometimes, a hostile White House can actually energize regional efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just like under President George Bush, we saw tremendous action at the state level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is all in on renewables. State law requires \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/rps_homepage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">50 percent renewable energy\u003c/a> by 2030 and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/renewable-portfolio-standards.aspx\">twenty-eight other states\u003c/a> have their own targets, known as Renewable Portfolio Standards. That means the renewable energy market has momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An administration can dramatically put its finger on the scale and accelerate that or they can hold it back,” Kammen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, worldwide demand is growing. Kammen just returned from Dubai, where a new solar farm is expected to break the record for lowest cost, a sign to him the solar industry can stand on its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the MC Hammer of energy projects,” Kammen says. “Can’t touch this.”\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"Trump's campaign rhetoric cast a dark cloud over solar and wind development -- but market forces and state commitments could maintain momentum for renewable energy.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704929339,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":true,"iframeSrcs":["//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9OlGJ/8/"],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":31,"wordCount":822},"headData":{"title":"Renewable Energy Can Flourish Despite Trump | KQED","description":"Trump's campaign rhetoric cast a dark cloud over solar and wind development -- but market forces and state commitments could maintain momentum for renewable energy.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Renewable Energy Can Flourish Despite Trump","datePublished":"2016-12-05T15:30:42.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-10T23:28:59.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"audioUrl":"http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2016/12/SommersRenewableEnergy161205.mp3","sticky":false,"path":"/science/1210275/why-renewable-energy-companies-arent-so-scared-of-trump","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-Elect Donald Trump has made clear his support for fossil fuels, which scientists have determined are a leading contributor to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On the campaign trail, Trump went as far as promising a triumphant comeback for coal, which produces the most greenhouse gases of all. Meanwhile renewable energy sources got mixed reviews from the candidate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know a lot about solar,” Trump said at a Fresno campaign rally over the summer. “I love solar, except there’s a problem with it. It’s got a lot of problems with it. One problem is it’s so expensive.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sounds like enough to make any solar company executive break out in a sweat, but the mood in some executive suites is surprisingly buoyant.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘I think there’s no question that states are going to be critical.’\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Dan Kammen, UC Berkeley\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I’m cautiously optimistic,” says Michael Wheeler of Recurrent Energy, a San Francisco-based solar company. “We’re feeling as though we’re going to be okay.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One reason: Wheeler says Trump’s perception of the cost is hopelessly out of date.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Anybody who thinks that solar is expensive at the utility scale right now hasn’t seen the latest,” he says. “Solar’s price, because it’s a technology, will continue to go lower and lower.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Upside\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Power from big solar projects is \u003ca href=\"http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2015/09/30/price-of-solar-energy-in-the-united-states-has-fallen-to-5%C2%A2kwh-on-average/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">about 70 percent cheaper\u003c/a> today than it was a decade ago. The cost of wind power has also come down.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means, in some places, the price of the power they produce is competitive with fossil fuels like natural gas. Some electric utilities are choosing renewables based on cost alone, even in red states like Texas and Georgia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Clean energy is not a niche product anymore,” Wheeler says.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_1210283\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1059px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-1210283 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4.jpg\" alt=\"The Barren Ridge solar project in Kern County, California.\" width=\"1059\" height=\"624\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4.jpg 1059w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-160x94.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-800x471.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-768x453.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-1020x601.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-960x566.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-240x141.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-375x221.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/12/recurrent4-520x306.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1059px) 100vw, 1059px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Barren Ridge solar project in Kern County, California. \u003ccite>(Recurrent Energy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Trump Administration could also open more public land for development, something cheered by oil and gas companies and opposed by many environmentalists. But renewable energy companies also stand to gain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a place where we think we could do even better under a Trump administration,” Wheeler says. “We’ve had a very difficult time building solar on public lands under the Obama Administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When state and federal agencies \u003ca href=\"http://largely%20end%20wind%20energy%20development%20in%20California\">unveiled a recent plan\u003c/a> prioritizing federal lands for renewables in California, the wind energy industry’s trade association said restrictions in the plan would “largely end wind energy development in California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Downside\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are some other clouds in the forecast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Solar and wind companies rely on longstanding tax credits, which were extended in Congress last December, after a lengthy struggle. The 30 percent Solar Investment Tax Credit (ITC) will expire at the end of 2019, when it starts ramping down eventually to 10 percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>“The legislation is one of the greatest investments in renewable energy in American history,” said Senator Harry Reid upon passing the credit extension.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the Trump Administration allows those credits to dry up, which could take several years, demand for solar and wind could drop.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Certainly there would be a different forecast for price projection, but it’s not so significant that the market would crater,” Wheeler says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second potential downer for renewable energy: Trump has \u003ca href=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/energy-environment/wp/2016/11/11/trump-has-vowed-to-kill-the-clean-power-plan-heres-how-he-might-and-might-not-succeed/?utm_term=.97d4f9822d22\">vowed to shelve\u003c/a> one of the keystones in Obama’s climate change policy, known as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.epa.gov/cleanpowerplan/fact-sheet-overview-clean-power-plan\">Clean Power Plan\u003c/a>, under which states would have to move away from coal power. Wheeler says that would have quadrupled the market for renewables.\u003cbr>\n\u003c!-- iframe plugin v.4.3 wordpress.org/plugins/iframe/ -->\u003cbr>\n\u003ciframe loading=\"lazy\" id=\"datawrapper-chart-9OlGJ\" src=\"//datawrapper.dwcdn.net/9OlGJ/8/\" frameborder=\"0\" allowtransparency=\"true\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\" webkitallowfullscreen=\"webkitallowfullscreen\" mozallowfullscreen=\"mozallowfullscreen\" oallowfullscreen=\"oallowfullscreen\" msallowfullscreen=\"msallowfullscreen\" width=\"400\" height=\"500\" align=\"right\" scrolling=\"yes\" class=\"iframe-class\">\u003c/iframe>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not depending upon it but to have that be messaged as being dead was pretty heart-wrenching,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>States Drive the Market\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think there’s no question that states are going to be critical,” said Dan Kammen, professor of energy at UC Berkeley. He says, sometimes, a hostile White House can actually energize regional efforts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Just like under President George Bush, we saw tremendous action at the state level.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California is all in on renewables. State law requires \u003ca href=\"http://www.cpuc.ca.gov/rps_homepage/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">50 percent renewable energy\u003c/a> by 2030 and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ncsl.org/research/energy/renewable-portfolio-standards.aspx\">twenty-eight other states\u003c/a> have their own targets, known as Renewable Portfolio Standards. That means the renewable energy market has momentum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“An administration can dramatically put its finger on the scale and accelerate that or they can hold it back,” Kammen says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the meantime, worldwide demand is growing. Kammen just returned from Dubai, where a new solar farm is expected to break the record for lowest cost, a sign to him the solar industry can stand on its own.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That is the MC Hammer of energy projects,” Kammen says. “Can’t touch this.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/1210275/why-renewable-energy-companies-arent-so-scared-of-trump","authors":["239"],"categories":["science_46","science_33","science_89","science_35","science_40","science_43"],"tags":["science_194","science_3221","science_134","science_140","science_138","science_187"],"featImg":"science_1210278","label":"science"},"science_8503":{"type":"posts","id":"science_8503","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"8503","score":null,"sort":[1378936680000]},"guestAuthors":[{"ID":"4400","displayName":"Mike Osborne","firstName":"Mike","lastName":"Osborne","userLogin":"mike-osborne","userEmail":"mosborne@kqed.org","linkedAccount":"mosborne","website":"","description":"Mike Osborne is currently finishing his PhD at Stanford where he studies climate change in the tropical Pacific. In his research he uses coral-based records (similar to tree rings) to examine El Nino and La Nina cycles over the past few centuries. Mike also created and co-produces the \u003ca href=\"https://www.stanford.edu/group/anthropocene/cgi-bin/wordpress/\">Generation Anthropocene\u003c/a> podcast which features interviews and stories covering a wide range of 21st Century global change issues. He loves travel and is always looking for a reason to be outside.","userNicename":"mike-osborne","type":"guest-author","nickname":""}],"slug":"how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind","title":"How Do These Boats Sail Faster Than the Wind?","publishDate":1378936680,"format":"aside","headTitle":"How Do These Boats Sail Faster Than the Wind? | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8511\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-8511\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8511\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\" alt=\"Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America's Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America’s Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/Physics-of-Sailing.mp3\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\nThe America’s Cup sailboats are sleek and fast. The AC72, the type of catamaran used in this year’s race, can travel almost three times the speed of the prevailing wind. On June 18\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> Emirates Team New Zealand recorded a speed of 50.8 mph (44.1 knots), with a wind speed of about 18 mph (15.6 knots).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wind is the only thing powering these boats, so how can they go faster than the wind blows?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might seem like the sailboats are defying the laws of nature: that they’re getting something from nothing. Not so, according to Steve Collie, an aerodynamics engineer for Emirates Team New Zealand. “In physics we always talk about conservation of energy,” Collie said. “Sure, we can’t create energy. We can’t produce magic that way. But there’s no sort of parallel theorem of conservation of speed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, sailboats are not actually creating their own energy (no, they’re not violating Newton’s second law). They’re harnessing more than one kind of wind, and they’re doing it like a jet harnesses the flow of air to fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone has felt this second kind of wind. It’s what you feel when the air is still and you head off on a bike, or a skateboard. You build speed, and it doesn’t take long before there’s a wind on your face. This is called apparent wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8517\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 243px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/boats-and-bridge-243x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-8517\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-8517\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/boats-and-bridge-243x162.jpg\" alt=\"Teams compete in a fleet race during the America's Cup World Series on October 6, 2012 in San Francisco, California. Teams are racing on an AC45 boat, which is the forerunner to the AC72 that teams will race next year in the Louis Vuitton Cup and America's Cup Finals in San Francisco. (Ezra Shaw/Getty Images)\" width=\"243\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teams compete in a fleet race during the America’s Cup World Series on October 6, 2012 in San Francisco. Teams are racing on an AC45 boat, which is the forerunner to the AC72 that teams are racing this year in the America’s Cup Finals. (Ezra Shaw/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>True wind is what you feel when you’re standing still and the wind is blowing. The wind an object feels when it’s in motion is apparent wind. Sailboats utilize both true wind and apparent wind. One force pushes the sailboat, and the other force pulls, or drags it forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True wind always pushes a boat. If a boat sails absolutely perpendicular to true wind, so the sail is flat to the wind and being pushed from behind, then the boat can \u003cem>only\u003c/em> go as fast as the wind—no faster. That’s not because there’s no apparent wind; it’s because the apparent wind can’t help the boat when it’s hitting flat against a big sail. But when the boat travels at an angle to the true wind, the apparent wind suddenly generates a powerful force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The wind is doing two things,” said Margot Gerritsen, an engineering professor at Stanford. “It’s pushing, but there’s also a part of this wind that is dragging. That dragging is done with this force called lift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lift,” in the case of a sailboat, doesn’t mean “up” although it does in the case of an airplane. In fact, the physics that allow an airplane to fly are the same physics that allow a sailboat to travel faster than the wind. The difference is that airplanes lift up off the ground, and sailboats lift parallel to the ground— as if they’re flying sideways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can feel these two kinds of lift when you’re riding in a car (we suggest not performing science experiments when you’re the driver). Put your arm straight out the window, palm down to the ground like an airplane wing. Now tilt the palm of your hand very slightly up; your arm will rise with the force of lift. To feel what happens in a sailboat, put your arm out the window, bent 90 degrees at the elbow, with your palm facing you. Now angle your palm open to the wind very slightly; your arm will move away from you, as the force of lift pulls it sideways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lift is simply the name of the force that’s generated when apparent wind bends around the outside of the sail. Air traveling on the inside of the sail is moving slower than air traveling around the sail, which creates a pressure difference. That pressure difference generates lift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/IMG_1484-288x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-8518 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/IMG_1484-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"One of the the best viewing spots for the America's Cup is the jetty near Land's End. (Mike Osborne/KQED) \" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the the best viewing spots for the America’s Cup is the jetty near Land’s End. (Mike Osborne/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The hoist you might feel under your feet when an airplane first takes off is not so different from the jostling sensations of push and drag that sailors feel maneuvering one of these catamarans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really experienced sailors can feel this,” said Gerritsen. “They feel the forces below. They can sense changes in the forces in the sail and know how to respond to it. But it’s very precarious at times, too, because you’re trying to balance this benefit of the wind in these two different ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AC72s also use lift when foiling, which is when the two hulls of the catamaran raise off the water and the boat is almost literally flying, with only the rudders and a board anchoring it to the bay. Foiling makes the boat even faster because the drag forces slowing the boat down are now mostly in the air instead of the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it’s physics that explains how the America’s Cup boats can sail faster than the wind, it’s the skill of the sailors and the design of the boats that give Emirates Team New Zealand or Oracle Team USA the edge, as they race toward the finish of the 2013 America’s Cup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"It isn’t magic; it’s just physics. And it’s an idea as simple as rocket science, which in this case really breaks down to what you learned from riding a bike.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704935083,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":16,"wordCount":1025},"headData":{"title":"How Do These Boats Sail Faster Than the Wind? | KQED","description":"It isn’t magic; it’s just physics. And it’s an idea as simple as rocket science, which in this case really breaks down to what you learned from riding a bike.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"How Do These Boats Sail Faster Than the Wind?","datePublished":"2013-09-11T21:58:00.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T01:04:43.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/8503/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind","audioUrl":"http://blogs.kqed.org/science/files/2013/09/Physics-of-Sailing.mp3","audioDuration":null,"audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8511\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-8511\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-8511\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/americascup-featured.jpg\" alt=\"Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America's Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\" width=\"640\" height=\"360\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Emirates Team New Zealand and Oracle Team USA during race three of the America’s Cup finals on September 8, 2013. (Justin Sullivan/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/Physics-of-Sailing.mp3\u003cbr>\n\u003cbr>\nThe America’s Cup sailboats are sleek and fast. The AC72, the type of catamaran used in this year’s race, can travel almost three times the speed of the prevailing wind. On June 18\u003csup>th\u003c/sup> Emirates Team New Zealand recorded a speed of 50.8 mph (44.1 knots), with a wind speed of about 18 mph (15.6 knots).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wind is the only thing powering these boats, so how can they go faster than the wind blows?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It might seem like the sailboats are defying the laws of nature: that they’re getting something from nothing. Not so, according to Steve Collie, an aerodynamics engineer for Emirates Team New Zealand. “In physics we always talk about conservation of energy,” Collie said. “Sure, we can’t create energy. We can’t produce magic that way. But there’s no sort of parallel theorem of conservation of speed.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, sailboats are not actually creating their own energy (no, they’re not violating Newton’s second law). They’re harnessing more than one kind of wind, and they’re doing it like a jet harnesses the flow of air to fly.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Everyone has felt this second kind of wind. It’s what you feel when the air is still and you head off on a bike, or a skateboard. You build speed, and it doesn’t take long before there’s a wind on your face. This is called apparent wind.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8517\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 243px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/boats-and-bridge-243x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-8517\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-8517\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/boats-and-bridge-243x162.jpg\" alt=\"Teams compete in a fleet race during the America's Cup World Series on October 6, 2012 in San Francisco, California. Teams are racing on an AC45 boat, which is the forerunner to the AC72 that teams will race next year in the Louis Vuitton Cup and America's Cup Finals in San Francisco. (Ezra Shaw/Getty Images)\" width=\"243\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Teams compete in a fleet race during the America’s Cup World Series on October 6, 2012 in San Francisco. Teams are racing on an AC45 boat, which is the forerunner to the AC72 that teams are racing this year in the America’s Cup Finals. (Ezra Shaw/Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>True wind is what you feel when you’re standing still and the wind is blowing. The wind an object feels when it’s in motion is apparent wind. Sailboats utilize both true wind and apparent wind. One force pushes the sailboat, and the other force pulls, or drags it forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>True wind always pushes a boat. If a boat sails absolutely perpendicular to true wind, so the sail is flat to the wind and being pushed from behind, then the boat can \u003cem>only\u003c/em> go as fast as the wind—no faster. That’s not because there’s no apparent wind; it’s because the apparent wind can’t help the boat when it’s hitting flat against a big sail. But when the boat travels at an angle to the true wind, the apparent wind suddenly generates a powerful force.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The wind is doing two things,” said Margot Gerritsen, an engineering professor at Stanford. “It’s pushing, but there’s also a part of this wind that is dragging. That dragging is done with this force called lift.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lift,” in the case of a sailboat, doesn’t mean “up” although it does in the case of an airplane. In fact, the physics that allow an airplane to fly are the same physics that allow a sailboat to travel faster than the wind. The difference is that airplanes lift up off the ground, and sailboats lift parallel to the ground— as if they’re flying sideways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can feel these two kinds of lift when you’re riding in a car (we suggest not performing science experiments when you’re the driver). Put your arm straight out the window, palm down to the ground like an airplane wing. Now tilt the palm of your hand very slightly up; your arm will rise with the force of lift. To feel what happens in a sailboat, put your arm out the window, bent 90 degrees at the elbow, with your palm facing you. Now angle your palm open to the wind very slightly; your arm will move away from you, as the force of lift pulls it sideways.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lift is simply the name of the force that’s generated when apparent wind bends around the outside of the sail. Air traveling on the inside of the sail is moving slower than air traveling around the sail, which creates a pressure difference. That pressure difference generates lift.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_8518\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/IMG_1484-288x162.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-8518 \" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/09/IMG_1484-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"One of the the best viewing spots for the America's Cup is the jetty near Land's End. (Mike Osborne/KQED) \" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of the the best viewing spots for the America’s Cup is the jetty near Land’s End. (Mike Osborne/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The hoist you might feel under your feet when an airplane first takes off is not so different from the jostling sensations of push and drag that sailors feel maneuvering one of these catamarans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Really experienced sailors can feel this,” said Gerritsen. “They feel the forces below. They can sense changes in the forces in the sail and know how to respond to it. But it’s very precarious at times, too, because you’re trying to balance this benefit of the wind in these two different ways.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The AC72s also use lift when foiling, which is when the two hulls of the catamaran raise off the water and the boat is almost literally flying, with only the rudders and a board anchoring it to the bay. Foiling makes the boat even faster because the drag forces slowing the boat down are now mostly in the air instead of the water.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If it’s physics that explains how the America’s Cup boats can sail faster than the wind, it’s the skill of the sailors and the design of the boats that give Emirates Team New Zealand or Oracle Team USA the edge, as they race toward the finish of the 2013 America’s Cup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/8503/how-do-these-boats-sail-faster-than-the-wind","authors":["4400"],"categories":["science_46","science_89","science_37","science_40","science_42","science_43"],"tags":["science_64","science_672","science_187"],"featImg":"science_8511","label":"science"},"science_3340":{"type":"posts","id":"science_3340","meta":{"index":"posts_1591205157","site":"science","id":"3340","score":null,"sort":[1369361028000]},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"the-biggest-battery-you-havent-seen","title":"The Biggest Battery You Haven't Seen","publishDate":1369361028,"format":"aside","headTitle":"The Biggest Battery You Haven’t Seen | KQED","labelTerm":{"site":"science"},"content":"\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_3345\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/PGEBatteryProject-288x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3345\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3345\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/PGEBatteryProject-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"PG&E's Dave Fribush shows the interior of their 4MW battery storage project in San Jose. (Photo: PG&E)\" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E’s Dave Fribush shows the interior of their 4 MW battery storage project in San Jose. (Photo: PG&E) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of PG&E)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You probably wouldn’t notice it if you drove right past it — but this week PG&E unveiled California’s largest battery, now storing electrons in San Jose. The project is a pilot for energy storage technology, as electric utilities look for ways to balance increasing amounts of solar and wind energy on the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 4-megawatt sodium-sulfur array can power about 2,400 homes for up to seven hours. That takes a mighty big battery. “If you pulled a semi-truck up next to it, it would be about the same length and a little bit taller,” says Jon Eric Thalman of PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storing electricity is not something utilities have traditionally done. “On the grid, we generate the amount of power that is needed, minute-by-minute,” Thalman says. “We don’t store it and have it at the ready.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the electric grid is rapidly changing in California. When the sun is shining and the wind is blowing, solar and wind farms produce electricity much like traditional power plants do. But if clouds pass over a solar project, “the change in power can be 80 percent of its output, easily,” says Thalman. “Something has to make up that drop and it happens in seconds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_3383\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 216px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/photo-216x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3383\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/photo-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"The battery holds seven hours of electricity for 2,400 homes. (Photo: PG&E)\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3383\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The battery holds seven hours of electricity for 2,400 homes. (Photo: PG&E)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s where PG&E’s battery project comes in. While this project is small, PG&E says it’s a pilot for energy storage projects down the road. “It is one of the main ways to think about storing energy because it’s so flexible, but there are challenges as have to solve,” says Venkat Srinivasan, of the \u003ca title=\"JCESR - main\" href=\"http://www.jcesr.org/\">Joint Center for Energy Storage Research\u003c/a> at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are more expensive than we want them to be, but I think it’s a start,” he says. “It’s showing the proof of principal. I think we need more of these before we figure out if these are viable technologies that we can use on a big scale.” PG&E’s $18 million project was funded in part by a $3 million grant from the California Energy Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fluctuations in renewable energy are currently balanced by natural gas power plants. PG&E also has a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helms_Pumped_Storage_Plant\">“pumped hydro” project\u003c/a> where water is pumped uphill when there’s excess electricity and then generates power through a dam when demand peaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot things that batteries can do that traditional resources can’t,” says Thalman. “The question for utilities and the operators is: do we want to value that? Batteries and energy storage can respond a lot faster than traditional sources. That’s not something we value right now with a market.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is looking at setting energy storage goals for the state’s utilities, based on a law passed in 2010. Southern California Edison is required to \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-02-13/edison-seeking-energy-storage-to-meet-california-requirement.html\">add at least 50 MW of energy storage\u003c/a> to the grid as part of a larger plan for new power plants.\u003c/p>\n\n","blocks":[],"excerpt":"This week, PG&E unveiled California’s largest battery project, now storing electrons in San Jose. The project is a pilot for energy storage technology, as electric utilities look for ways to balance increasing amounts of solar and wind energy on the grid.","status":"publish","parent":0,"modified":1704935727,"stats":{"hasAudio":false,"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"hasPolis":false,"paragraphCount":11,"wordCount":584},"headData":{"title":"The Biggest Battery You Haven't Seen | KQED","description":"This week, PG&E unveiled California’s largest battery project, now storing electrons in San Jose. The project is a pilot for energy storage technology, as electric utilities look for ways to balance increasing amounts of solar and wind energy on the grid.","ogTitle":"","ogDescription":"","ogImgId":"","twTitle":"","twDescription":"","twImgId":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"The Biggest Battery You Haven't Seen","datePublished":"2013-05-24T02:03:48.000Z","dateModified":"2024-01-11T01:15:27.000Z","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"sticky":false,"path":"/science/3340/the-biggest-battery-you-havent-seen","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_3345\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 288px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/PGEBatteryProject-288x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3345\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3345\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/PGEBatteryProject-288x162.jpg\" alt=\"PG&E's Dave Fribush shows the interior of their 4MW battery storage project in San Jose. (Photo: PG&E)\" width=\"288\" height=\"162\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">PG&E’s Dave Fribush shows the interior of their 4 MW battery storage project in San Jose. (Photo: PG&E) \u003ccite>(Courtesy of PG&E)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You probably wouldn’t notice it if you drove right past it — but this week PG&E unveiled California’s largest battery, now storing electrons in San Jose. The project is a pilot for energy storage technology, as electric utilities look for ways to balance increasing amounts of solar and wind energy on the grid.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 4-megawatt sodium-sulfur array can power about 2,400 homes for up to seven hours. That takes a mighty big battery. “If you pulled a semi-truck up next to it, it would be about the same length and a little bit taller,” says Jon Eric Thalman of PG&E.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Storing electricity is not something utilities have traditionally done. “On the grid, we generate the amount of power that is needed, minute-by-minute,” Thalman says. “We don’t store it and have it at the ready.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the electric grid is rapidly changing in California. When the sun is shining and the wind is blowing, solar and wind farms produce electricity much like traditional power plants do. But if clouds pass over a solar project, “the change in power can be 80 percent of its output, easily,” says Thalman. “Something has to make up that drop and it happens in seconds.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_3383\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 216px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/photo-216x162.jpg\" rel=\"attachment wp-att-3383\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2013/05/photo-216x162.jpg\" alt=\"The battery holds seven hours of electricity for 2,400 homes. (Photo: PG&E)\" width=\"216\" height=\"162\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-3383\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The battery holds seven hours of electricity for 2,400 homes. (Photo: PG&E)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That’s where PG&E’s battery project comes in. While this project is small, PG&E says it’s a pilot for energy storage projects down the road. “It is one of the main ways to think about storing energy because it’s so flexible, but there are challenges as have to solve,” says Venkat Srinivasan, of the \u003ca title=\"JCESR - main\" href=\"http://www.jcesr.org/\">Joint Center for Energy Storage Research\u003c/a> at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They are more expensive than we want them to be, but I think it’s a start,” he says. “It’s showing the proof of principal. I think we need more of these before we figure out if these are viable technologies that we can use on a big scale.” PG&E’s $18 million project was funded in part by a $3 million grant from the California Energy Commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fluctuations in renewable energy are currently balanced by natural gas power plants. PG&E also has a \u003ca href=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helms_Pumped_Storage_Plant\">“pumped hydro” project\u003c/a> where water is pumped uphill when there’s excess electricity and then generates power through a dam when demand peaks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot things that batteries can do that traditional resources can’t,” says Thalman. “The question for utilities and the operators is: do we want to value that? Batteries and energy storage can respond a lot faster than traditional sources. That’s not something we value right now with a market.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The California Public Utilities Commission is looking at setting energy storage goals for the state’s utilities, based on a law passed in 2010. Southern California Edison is required to \u003ca href=\"http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-02-13/edison-seeking-energy-storage-to-meet-california-requirement.html\">add at least 50 MW of energy storage\u003c/a> to the grid as part of a larger plan for new power plants.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/science/3340/the-biggest-battery-you-havent-seen","authors":["239"],"categories":["science_33","science_89","science_35","science_40","science_43"],"tags":["science_188","science_136","science_140","science_138","science_187"],"featImg":"science_3345","label":"science"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? 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You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. 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Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. 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You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. 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