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"content": "\u003cp>One of America’s most revered environmental groups is undergoing a radical self-examination, both earning applause and triggering pushback from its members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent open letter, Sierra Club Executive Director Michael Brune \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1967610/as-us-racial-reckoning-escalates-reformers-target-environmental-icons\">confronts head-on\u003c/a> the racism embedded in the organization’s 128-year history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter, explored \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1967610/as-us-racial-reckoning-escalates-reformers-target-environmental-icons\">in this post\u003c/a> from KQED’s Kevin Stark, marks a seismic shift for the organization. It lays bare derogatory comments that founder and \u003ca href=\"https://vault.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/\">naturalist John Muir \u003c/a>made toward people of color and how some of the club’s founding members held white supremacist views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/articles/2020/05/ram-n-cruz-elected-first-latino-president-sierra-club\">Ramón Cruz\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>, the club’s newly elected national president and the first Latino to hold that position, weighs in on the controversy in a conversation with KQED’s Brian Watt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was your reaction to Michael Brune’s letter?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ramón Cruz:\u003c/em> It’s long past time for the Sierra Club to own its history. We have been grappling with this for years, so it’s not something new to have open discussions among our staff, our volunteers and leaders about the true legacy of the people who founded this institution. We’re actively reevaluating figures from our past whose ideology caused immeasurable harm to oppressed groups, including John Muir, among several others. We see this as a long, transformative journey. And this is just the first step to look inside, to look at where we have exercised privilege, where we have caused harm, in order to also look into the future, as an organization, that is consistent with our values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Has there been pushback on this first step?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, certainly. It’s part of this moment of reckoning the whole nation is going through with the movement for Black Lives. There are people who are well advanced into that journey of reexamination and introspection and recognizing where all our privileges play in. And certainly there are others for whom this is a difficult reality to accept. I mean, some of these figures, [like John Muir,] are sacred to many of us. So there is pushback. There are people who would prefer the Sierra Club to only deal with, say, saving nature, regardless of what it implies. But saving nature for whom to enjoy and to benefit? So, I think we have been on this journey for a number of years now, to center everything we do on equity and justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sierra Club founder John Muir’s name is on so many things, especially in California. Should that name be removed from parks and high schools?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, we’re not advocating for getting rid of one name or another. We are in this process of reexamining our history and exposing things. We don’t want to throw away or cancel John Muir. His writings about the sacredness of nature are still very important documents to learn from. But that’s no reason to pretend that he was a perfect hero without any flaws or refuse to acknowledge the harm to native and Indigenous peoples that the early conservationists were so directly connected with. So we’re not advocating to erase him from history. We don’t want to erase history. We want to learn from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have been on this journey for many years. For example, in 2016, the Sierra Club asked the National Park Service to change the name of the \u003ca href=\"https://boomcalifornia.com/2018/11/05/the-golden-states-scientific-white-supremacist/\">Joseph LeConte\u003c/a> lodge in Yosemite. This was a friend of John Muir who was one of the early founders of the club. He was also one of the founders of the University of California, Berkeley. And basically, he was a proponent of eugenics. We asked the park service to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/yosemite-heritage-center/history\">rename the lodge\u003c/a>. We cannot necessarily trace his own ideology to John Muir. But we do recognize that some of Muir’s writings, especially in the earlier part of his life, create conflict right now. They diminish African Americans and Indigenous people. That doesn’t mean he didn’t have a process of evolution through his life. But still, we have to recognize all that in order to move forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Should there be some effort made to make a note of this at the monuments, parks, and schools that bear his name?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s always a good exercise. I know that the people we may hold sacred right now, in the end they’re humans, and we just have to present them as they were — and of course, learn from that and correct wherever there has been harm. With these series of blogs and articles that the Sierra Club is going to have in the upcoming months, it’s a way to meditate on that. I like it when you go to a museum and it’s curated in a way that doesn’t editorialize, but presents that person as a whole. And I think certainly we should do that with a figure as important and relevant as John Muir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By the time you encountered the environmental movement, could you still feel vestiges of racism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, certainly. Most of my career has been with big environmental organizations that tend to be whiter. And of course liberal and progressive, but that doesn’t mean that the world isn’t full of micro-aggressions and also racism and prejudice. I’m originally from Puerto Rico. Even though I speak several languages, English might not have been the one I express myself in best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so, it’s important to have these moments of reckoning, because then people can really think, what’s the importance of all this. You know, especially these past couple of months, we have been wrestling with that idea. And within our own membership, even, we have some people saying, ‘Let’s not go that far, let’s focus, stay in our lane.’ We are convinced that this is a problem that we have to tackle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the fact that I have been able to develop a career in the last 20-25 years in this organization, I’m standing on the shoulders of so many people of color that struggled to get into these spaces. And the fact that I can be the first Latino president of an organization that is 128 eight years old is a reflection of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How is environmental justice tied to environmentalism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of my colleagues, Hop Hopkins, wrote a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/racism-killing-planet\">great article\u003c/a> on how racism is killing the planet. I’m convinced we cannot deal with the climate crisis, with environmental degradation, unless we tear down racism and the concept of white supremacy or the concept of supremacy in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because climate change and all the environmental degradation — the extraction of oil and fossil fuels — all come with the idea that you can have certain zones, certain areas, locations that can be sacrificed. But you cannot sacrifice those zones without having people in them that you conceive as ‘disposable,’ right? And you cannot have ‘disposable people’ without the concept of supremacy or without the concept of racism. So I’m convinced that we have to deal with racism in order to be effective environmental advocates and also to preserve nature for everybody, not just for a few selected ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The modern environmental movement since 1970 and the first Earth Day 50 years ago has been quite wealthy, quite privileged and more white. And sometimes it didn’t take into consideration the struggles of local communities, which are often environmental justice struggles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, 20 years ago when many of the big environmental organizations were advocating for a national system of emissions trading to deal with climate change, many of the environmental justice organizations opposed it. This was because, ultimately, big environmental organizations were advocating to reduce the overall emissions of the country, but doing that by sacrificing some areas. What the environmental justice movement has done is basically say, ‘No, we have had enough. We are not disposable.’ We cannot have certain areas that enjoy privilege and enjoy clean water and clean air at the expense of others. So we need to ensure that everybody can get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Club has been working on becoming better partners with environmental justice organizations. A few years ago, we adopted the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/planet/2017/10/sierra-club-and-jemez-principles\">Jemez Principles for Democratic Organizing \u003c/a>as an approach for how to engage with other organizations. And these are basically a series of principles, or guidelines, on how to engage. So it’s about being inclusive, it’s about having an emphasis on bottom-up organizing. Also letting people speak for themselves, and not having an organization like the Sierra Club with its size and its relative power in the environmental movement speak for others. You know, we have to be invited. We have to work together in solidarity and mutuality. We have to build just relationships and also to commit to self-transformation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Club is by no means a perfect organization. There is a lot of work to be done. It’s an ongoing journey. I’m glad the Sierra Club is starting that journey; I’m part of that. We’re definitely committed to get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>One of America’s most revered environmental groups is undergoing a radical self-examination, both earning applause and triggering pushback from its members.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a recent open letter, Sierra Club Executive Director Michael Brune \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1967610/as-us-racial-reckoning-escalates-reformers-target-environmental-icons\">confronts head-on\u003c/a> the racism embedded in the organization’s 128-year history.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The letter, explored \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/science/1967610/as-us-racial-reckoning-escalates-reformers-target-environmental-icons\">in this post\u003c/a> from KQED’s Kevin Stark, marks a seismic shift for the organization. It lays bare derogatory comments that founder and \u003ca href=\"https://vault.sierraclub.org/john_muir_exhibit/\">naturalist John Muir \u003c/a>made toward people of color and how some of the club’s founding members held white supremacist views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/articles/2020/05/ram-n-cruz-elected-first-latino-president-sierra-club\">Ramón Cruz\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>, the club’s newly elected national president and the first Latino to hold that position, weighs in on the controversy in a conversation with KQED’s Brian Watt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for length and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>What was your reaction to Michael Brune’s letter?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Ramón Cruz:\u003c/em> It’s long past time for the Sierra Club to own its history. We have been grappling with this for years, so it’s not something new to have open discussions among our staff, our volunteers and leaders about the true legacy of the people who founded this institution. We’re actively reevaluating figures from our past whose ideology caused immeasurable harm to oppressed groups, including John Muir, among several others. We see this as a long, transformative journey. And this is just the first step to look inside, to look at where we have exercised privilege, where we have caused harm, in order to also look into the future, as an organization, that is consistent with our values.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Has there been pushback on this first step?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Well, certainly. It’s part of this moment of reckoning the whole nation is going through with the movement for Black Lives. There are people who are well advanced into that journey of reexamination and introspection and recognizing where all our privileges play in. And certainly there are others for whom this is a difficult reality to accept. I mean, some of these figures, [like John Muir,] are sacred to many of us. So there is pushback. There are people who would prefer the Sierra Club to only deal with, say, saving nature, regardless of what it implies. But saving nature for whom to enjoy and to benefit? So, I think we have been on this journey for a number of years now, to center everything we do on equity and justice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sierra Club founder John Muir’s name is on so many things, especially in California. Should that name be removed from parks and high schools?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now, we’re not advocating for getting rid of one name or another. We are in this process of reexamining our history and exposing things. We don’t want to throw away or cancel John Muir. His writings about the sacredness of nature are still very important documents to learn from. But that’s no reason to pretend that he was a perfect hero without any flaws or refuse to acknowledge the harm to native and Indigenous peoples that the early conservationists were so directly connected with. So we’re not advocating to erase him from history. We don’t want to erase history. We want to learn from it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have been on this journey for many years. For example, in 2016, the Sierra Club asked the National Park Service to change the name of the \u003ca href=\"https://boomcalifornia.com/2018/11/05/the-golden-states-scientific-white-supremacist/\">Joseph LeConte\u003c/a> lodge in Yosemite. This was a friend of John Muir who was one of the early founders of the club. He was also one of the founders of the University of California, Berkeley. And basically, he was a proponent of eugenics. We asked the park service to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/yosemite-heritage-center/history\">rename the lodge\u003c/a>. We cannot necessarily trace his own ideology to John Muir. But we do recognize that some of Muir’s writings, especially in the earlier part of his life, create conflict right now. They diminish African Americans and Indigenous people. That doesn’t mean he didn’t have a process of evolution through his life. But still, we have to recognize all that in order to move forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Should there be some effort made to make a note of this at the monuments, parks, and schools that bear his name?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s always a good exercise. I know that the people we may hold sacred right now, in the end they’re humans, and we just have to present them as they were — and of course, learn from that and correct wherever there has been harm. With these series of blogs and articles that the Sierra Club is going to have in the upcoming months, it’s a way to meditate on that. I like it when you go to a museum and it’s curated in a way that doesn’t editorialize, but presents that person as a whole. And I think certainly we should do that with a figure as important and relevant as John Muir.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>By the time you encountered the environmental movement, could you still feel vestiges of racism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Oh, certainly. Most of my career has been with big environmental organizations that tend to be whiter. And of course liberal and progressive, but that doesn’t mean that the world isn’t full of micro-aggressions and also racism and prejudice. I’m originally from Puerto Rico. Even though I speak several languages, English might not have been the one I express myself in best.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so, it’s important to have these moments of reckoning, because then people can really think, what’s the importance of all this. You know, especially these past couple of months, we have been wrestling with that idea. And within our own membership, even, we have some people saying, ‘Let’s not go that far, let’s focus, stay in our lane.’ We are convinced that this is a problem that we have to tackle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I think the fact that I have been able to develop a career in the last 20-25 years in this organization, I’m standing on the shoulders of so many people of color that struggled to get into these spaces. And the fact that I can be the first Latino president of an organization that is 128 eight years old is a reflection of that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>How is environmental justice tied to environmentalism?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of my colleagues, Hop Hopkins, wrote a \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/sierra/racism-killing-planet\">great article\u003c/a> on how racism is killing the planet. I’m convinced we cannot deal with the climate crisis, with environmental degradation, unless we tear down racism and the concept of white supremacy or the concept of supremacy in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Because climate change and all the environmental degradation — the extraction of oil and fossil fuels — all come with the idea that you can have certain zones, certain areas, locations that can be sacrificed. But you cannot sacrifice those zones without having people in them that you conceive as ‘disposable,’ right? And you cannot have ‘disposable people’ without the concept of supremacy or without the concept of racism. So I’m convinced that we have to deal with racism in order to be effective environmental advocates and also to preserve nature for everybody, not just for a few selected ones.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The modern environmental movement since 1970 and the first Earth Day 50 years ago has been quite wealthy, quite privileged and more white. And sometimes it didn’t take into consideration the struggles of local communities, which are often environmental justice struggles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, 20 years ago when many of the big environmental organizations were advocating for a national system of emissions trading to deal with climate change, many of the environmental justice organizations opposed it. This was because, ultimately, big environmental organizations were advocating to reduce the overall emissions of the country, but doing that by sacrificing some areas. What the environmental justice movement has done is basically say, ‘No, we have had enough. We are not disposable.’ We cannot have certain areas that enjoy privilege and enjoy clean water and clean air at the expense of others. So we need to ensure that everybody can get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Club has been working on becoming better partners with environmental justice organizations. A few years ago, we adopted the \u003ca href=\"https://www.sierraclub.org/planet/2017/10/sierra-club-and-jemez-principles\">Jemez Principles for Democratic Organizing \u003c/a>as an approach for how to engage with other organizations. And these are basically a series of principles, or guidelines, on how to engage. So it’s about being inclusive, it’s about having an emphasis on bottom-up organizing. Also letting people speak for themselves, and not having an organization like the Sierra Club with its size and its relative power in the environmental movement speak for others. You know, we have to be invited. We have to work together in solidarity and mutuality. We have to build just relationships and also to commit to self-transformation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Sierra Club is by no means a perfect organization. There is a lot of work to be done. It’s an ongoing journey. I’m glad the Sierra Club is starting that journey; I’m part of that. We’re definitely committed to get there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>Editor’s Note: This story has been updated with new research. The original post was published on August 1, 2016.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many national parks were chosen for, and even named after, the country’s iconic natural sights, like sequoia trees, everglades and glaciers. Now, as the climate warms, many of these icons are beginning to disappear.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A new \u003ca href=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.2763\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">study\u003c/a> on the future of \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/jotr/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Joshua Tree National Park\u003c/a> finds that the eponymous trees’ survival there depends on how forcefully humans act to restrict carbon pollution. The study from the Center for Conservation Biology and UC Riverside says that with little to no change in carbon emissions, by the end of the century, the trees could die off entirely within the park that bears their name. With moderate or strong interventions, the trees could survive in small remnant patches.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Vanishing Trees\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At Joshua Tree National Park in the Southern California desert, its namesake quirky trees are unmissable on the horizon, with twisted branches, shaggy bark and needle-like leaves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s something you don’t even imagine could live on Earth and here it is,” observes Cameron Barrows, an ecologist with UC Riverside and co-author of the new study. “It’s like a Dr. Seuss book.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>LISTEN:\u003cbr>\nhttp://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/science/2016/07/WEBNationalParksClimateSommer160801.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_884306\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-884306 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Joshua2-web2\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecologist Cameron Barrows and National Park Service biologist Kristen Lalumiere in a “climate refuge” in Joshua Tree National Park. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Were we all in a Dr. Seuss book, Barrows would be the Lorax, the character who speaks for the trees. He’s been trying to predict what will happen to Joshua trees in a warming climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest ones over there, those could be anywhere from 150 to 250 years old,” he says, pointing across the dusty valley we’re in, two hours east of Los Angeles. “Not bad for something that’s essentially a giant lily.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A field crew from UC Riverside and the National Park Service has marked several large rectangular plots on the ground, mapping the location and condition of every Joshua tree, as well as every shrub and cactus. It’s part of an annual vegetation survey to document how things are changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘You walk to a site where there are some and your spirits lift.’\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Kristen Lalumiere, National Park Service Biologist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>To the untrained eye, the Joshua trees in this valley look big and healthy. But that worries Barrows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to see babies and what we’re not seeing are individual seedlings that are coming up,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The youngest trees around us are 30-to-40 years old, which means seedlings aren’t surviving. The likely culprit, Barrows says, is climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua trees already live on the edge, surviving 120-degree summer days and as little as one inch of rain per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re well adapted to what we have now,” Barrow says. “But you turn up the temperature a couple of degrees and that would be the end of most of these plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult Joshua trees can withstand punishing desert conditions by storing water in their trunks. Seedlings are much more vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-897894\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited.jpg\" alt=\"Joshua_Desktop_edited\" width=\"1040\" height=\"835\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited.jpg 1040w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-400x321.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-800x642.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-768x617.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-960x771.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1040px) 100vw, 1040px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-897896\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Mobile_edited.png\" alt=\"Joshua_Mobile_edited\" width=\"751\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Mobile_edited.png 751w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Mobile_edited-400x711.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the rate the planet is warming, Barrows expects Joshua tree habitat in the park to \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233729230_Modeling_impacts_of_climate_change_on_Joshua_trees_at_their_southern_boundary_How_scale_impacts_predictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shrink \u003c/a>by anywhere from \u003ca href=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.2763\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">80 percent\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233729230_Modeling_impacts_of_climate_change_on_Joshua_trees_at_their_southern_boundary_How_scale_impacts_predictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">90 percent\u003c/a> by the end of the century, disappearing altogether if humans take little action to cut carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings shook those who love the park’s stark landscape. The bleak joke is that without Joshua trees, the park would have to change its name. Barrows says there may be a way to avoid that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finding Climate Refuges\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half an hour away, Barrows is finding baby Joshua trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a little one sprouting there,” Barrows says, pointing to a Joshua tree that’s knee-high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This site is at a higher elevation, where it’s a bit cooler and wetter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are these little niches in this landscape that should be able to sustain Joshua trees,” Barrows says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The little pockets, or “climate refugia” as Barrows called them, make up a small fraction of the habitat that’s here now, but they’re still within the national park boundary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This site is actually looking pretty good,” says Kristen Lalumiere, a wildlife biologist with the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You walk to a site where there are some and your spirits lift,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_884316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-884316 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web.jpg\" alt=\"James Heintz of UC Riverside maps out plant life for a yearly ecosystem census.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Heintz of UC Riverside maps out plant life for a yearly ecosystem census. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The park service is looking at how to manage the refuge areas to preserve the trees there. That will likely mean protecting them from wildfires. Joshua trees aren’t adapted to withstand fire and invasive grasses in the park have made it easier for fire to spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the climate warms, Joshua trees may be able to shift outside the park’s boundary, where some already exist. In February, President Obama established the Mojave Trails National Monument, protecting 1.6 million acres next to Joshua Tree. Two other national monuments, Sand to Snow and Castle Mountains, were also created nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They connect this landscape to other protected landscapes,” says Barrows. “We’ve created an undistributed, continuous landscape where species can shift and move. The future is much brighter for biodiversity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, park officials are considering public displays, explaining to visitors that the Joshua trees they see today might one day be gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Evolving Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are already seeing the effects of climate change throughout the National Park system,” says Jon Jarvis, director of the National Park Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a long list of examples. Sea level rise threatens the everglades of Everglades National Park in Florida. Sequoia trees in Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Park face drought stress from a shrinking Sierra snowpack. At Glacier National Park in Montana, its glaciers could all grind to a halt by 2030, according to Park Service projections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it is inevitable at this point,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_884322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-884322 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web.jpg\" alt=\"The National Park Service is looking at protecting areas where Joshua trees could survive.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1132\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-400x236.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-800x472.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-768x453.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-1440x849.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-1180x696.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-960x566.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The National Park Service is looking at protecting areas where Joshua trees could survive. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That creates a more complicated mission for the parks. Until now, the goal has been preserving parks and all the plants and animals in them. Now, maintaining that historic picture probably isn’t possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Managing for continuous change? That’s harder to imagine, harder to visualize,” Jarvis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting the parks to open spaces will be key, so plants and animals have places to move to as the climate changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Service’s other job will be helping the public understand what’s happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are places that people care about,” says Jarvis. “And maybe it can stimulate their own actions as a result of seeing the effects of climate change in our national parks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jarvis hopes that 100 years from now, visitors will still see Joshua trees in the wild, instead of only in pictures on the park’s welcome sign.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_884306\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-884306 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-800x450.jpg\" alt=\"Joshua2-web2\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua2-web2-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ecologist Cameron Barrows and National Park Service biologist Kristen Lalumiere in a “climate refuge” in Joshua Tree National Park. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Were we all in a Dr. Seuss book, Barrows would be the Lorax, the character who speaks for the trees. He’s been trying to predict what will happen to Joshua trees in a warming climate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The biggest ones over there, those could be anywhere from 150 to 250 years old,” he says, pointing across the dusty valley we’re in, two hours east of Los Angeles. “Not bad for something that’s essentially a giant lily.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A field crew from UC Riverside and the National Park Service has marked several large rectangular plots on the ground, mapping the location and condition of every Joshua tree, as well as every shrub and cactus. It’s part of an annual vegetation survey to document how things are changing.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘You walk to a site where there are some and your spirits lift.’\u003cbr>\n\u003ccite>Kristen Lalumiere, National Park Service Biologist\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>To the untrained eye, the Joshua trees in this valley look big and healthy. But that worries Barrows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to see babies and what we’re not seeing are individual seedlings that are coming up,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The youngest trees around us are 30-to-40 years old, which means seedlings aren’t surviving. The likely culprit, Barrows says, is climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joshua trees already live on the edge, surviving 120-degree summer days and as little as one inch of rain per year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re well adapted to what we have now,” Barrow says. “But you turn up the temperature a couple of degrees and that would be the end of most of these plants.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adult Joshua trees can withstand punishing desert conditions by storing water in their trunks. Seedlings are much more vulnerable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-897894\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited.jpg\" alt=\"Joshua_Desktop_edited\" width=\"1040\" height=\"835\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited.jpg 1040w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-400x321.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-800x642.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-768x617.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Desktop_edited-960x771.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1040px) 100vw, 1040px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-897896\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Mobile_edited.png\" alt=\"Joshua_Mobile_edited\" width=\"751\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Mobile_edited.png 751w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Joshua_Mobile_edited-400x711.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the rate the planet is warming, Barrows expects Joshua tree habitat in the park to \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233729230_Modeling_impacts_of_climate_change_on_Joshua_trees_at_their_southern_boundary_How_scale_impacts_predictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">shrink \u003c/a>by anywhere from \u003ca href=\"https://esajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ecs2.2763\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">80 percent\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.researchgate.net/publication/233729230_Modeling_impacts_of_climate_change_on_Joshua_trees_at_their_southern_boundary_How_scale_impacts_predictions\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">90 percent\u003c/a> by the end of the century, disappearing altogether if humans take little action to cut carbon emissions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The findings shook those who love the park’s stark landscape. The bleak joke is that without Joshua trees, the park would have to change its name. Barrows says there may be a way to avoid that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Finding Climate Refuges\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About half an hour away, Barrows is finding baby Joshua trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a little one sprouting there,” Barrows says, pointing to a Joshua tree that’s knee-high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This site is at a higher elevation, where it’s a bit cooler and wetter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are these little niches in this landscape that should be able to sustain Joshua trees,” Barrows says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The little pockets, or “climate refugia” as Barrows called them, make up a small fraction of the habitat that’s here now, but they’re still within the national park boundary.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This site is actually looking pretty good,” says Kristen Lalumiere, a wildlife biologist with the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You walk to a site where there are some and your spirits lift,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_884316\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-884316 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web.jpg\" alt=\"James Heintz of UC Riverside maps out plant life for a yearly ecosystem census.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1080\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-400x225.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-800x450.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-768x432.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-1440x810.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-1180x664.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua3-web-960x540.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">James Heintz of UC Riverside maps out plant life for a yearly ecosystem census. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The park service is looking at how to manage the refuge areas to preserve the trees there. That will likely mean protecting them from wildfires. Joshua trees aren’t adapted to withstand fire and invasive grasses in the park have made it easier for fire to spread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the climate warms, Joshua trees may be able to shift outside the park’s boundary, where some already exist. In February, President Obama established the Mojave Trails National Monument, protecting 1.6 million acres next to Joshua Tree. Two other national monuments, Sand to Snow and Castle Mountains, were also created nearby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They connect this landscape to other protected landscapes,” says Barrows. “We’ve created an undistributed, continuous landscape where species can shift and move. The future is much brighter for biodiversity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, park officials are considering public displays, explaining to visitors that the Joshua trees they see today might one day be gone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Evolving Parks\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are already seeing the effects of climate change throughout the National Park system,” says Jon Jarvis, director of the National Park Service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a long list of examples. Sea level rise threatens the everglades of Everglades National Park in Florida. Sequoia trees in Sequoia & Kings Canyon National Park face drought stress from a shrinking Sierra snowpack. At Glacier National Park in Montana, its glaciers could all grind to a halt by 2030, according to Park Service projections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think it is inevitable at this point,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_884322\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-884322 size-full\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web.jpg\" alt=\"The National Park Service is looking at protecting areas where Joshua trees could survive.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1132\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-400x236.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-800x472.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-768x453.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-1440x849.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-1180x696.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/Joshua5-web-960x566.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The National Park Service is looking at protecting areas where Joshua trees could survive. \u003ccite>(Lauren Sommer/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That creates a more complicated mission for the parks. Until now, the goal has been preserving parks and all the plants and animals in them. Now, maintaining that historic picture probably isn’t possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Managing for continuous change? That’s harder to imagine, harder to visualize,” Jarvis says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting the parks to open spaces will be key, so plants and animals have places to move to as the climate changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Park Service’s other job will be helping the public understand what’s happening.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are places that people care about,” says Jarvis. “And maybe it can stimulate their own actions as a result of seeing the effects of climate change in our national parks.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jarvis hopes that 100 years from now, visitors will still see Joshua trees in the wild, instead of only in pictures on the park’s welcome sign.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "The Future of National Parks is Going to be a Lot Hotter",
"headTitle": "The Future of National Parks is Going to be a Lot Hotter | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Summertime is primetime for national parks. As snow melts, wildflowers bloom and waterfalls roar, generations of visitors have flocked to the natural wonders that dot the American landscape (to say nothing of all the amazing cultural sites the National Park Service protects).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service was created a century ago — August 25, 1916 to be exact — to keep an eye on the growing treasure trove of national parks. It’s been a good century as more and more land has been set aside and annual visitors now number more than 300 million, but it’s also not been without challenges. Chief among them is \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/director/\">climate change\u003c/a>, which will drastically \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/quiz/\">alter national park landscapes\u003c/a> in the coming decades including cranking up the \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/100-years-of-warming-at-the-national-parks\">heat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As part of Climate Central’s ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://statesatrisk.org/\">States at Risk\u003c/a> project, we analyzed just how much hotter parks are projected to get later this century. We looked at the future summer temperatures in all the parks in the Lower 48 states except Dry Tortugas National Park (sorry, Fort Jefferson lovers!) assuming greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results could make you sweat. Parks are projected to have summers that are 8-12°F hotter by 2100. That means currently cool mountainous parks could be as hot as the plains. Parks in the Southeast, already a pretty hot place, will face even more extreme temperatures with a climate more like southern Texas. And otherworldly Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also analyzed how many more days with extreme heat the parks could face. \u003ca href=\"http://wxshift.com/climate-change/climate-indicators/extreme-heat\">Extreme heat\u003c/a> is a hallmark of global warming, and its impact will be most arresting in the national parks where people go, by design, to be outside in the summer. Like the rest of the country, parks are going to be seeing more dangerously hot days above 90°F, 95°F, and 100°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2100, the glaciers of Montana’s Glacier National Park \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">will be long gone\u003c/a> and rising temperatures will be one of the big reasons why. Visitors will not only have to contend with an ice-free landscape, but also hotter temperatures. Today the park sees an average of only one 90°F day each year. It could see 27 days with temperatures above 90°F by the end of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park, high in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, currently sees about two weeks of 90°F weather every year. By 2050, it could see nearly a month of those temperatures, and by 2100 it could get nearly 50 such days each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the Great Smoky Mountains, currently the most-visited National Park, could go from fewer than 10 days above 90°F each year, on average now, to three months with those scorching temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In numerous other parks, the number of days above 100°F is projected to skyrocket. Big Bend National Park in Texas could see more than 110 days above 100°F each year, on average. And Great Basin National Park in Nevada, which currently doesn’t have any days above 100°F in a typical year, could see a month of those temperatures each year by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s likely that parks on the more extreme end of the temperature scale will see a drop in summer visitation, but more visitors are \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/national-parks-warm-temps-19123\">likely to show up in fall\u003c/a> and spring when it won’t be fry-an-egg-on-the-sidewalk hot. That may stretch park resources thin as most parks are set up to handle summer crowds and quieter shoulder seasons. How parks deal with the change in visitation season is an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all this is to say nothing about the impacts extreme heat will have on the natural resources around which we created national parks in the first place. Joshua Tree could become too hot for its namesake trees and there’s evidence that extreme summer days could create more rockfalls in Yosemite, which could change the face of the stunning valley at the center of the park. \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/western-wildfires-climate-change-20475\">Wildfire risk\u003c/a> will also skyrocket across the West and could make summer park vacations not only more hot but \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/wildfires-national-park-service-birthday-19371\">more smoky\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are just the most visible changes. Whole ecosystems are likely to be disrupted and there are consequences scientists probably haven’t even uncovered yet (those are the ones that \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/gradual-climate-changes-could-cause-sudden-impacts-16792\">could be the worst\u003c/a> since we’ll be least prepared).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the daunting situation facing the National Park Service in its second century, there are signs it’s up for the challenge. It’s already addressing climate change from \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/new-york-parks-sea-level-rise/\">the coast\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">high mountains\u003c/a> and has an \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/overview/\">A-Team team of experts\u003c/a> to help parks answer the gnarly questions they face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no denying that national parks will look a lot different by the end of the century, but that won’t make them any less a part of the fabric of American identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a> \u003cem>is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Analysis by James Bronzan and Alyson Kenward, PhD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Methodology:\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Future temperatures for 47 National Parks were calculated based on the median of 29 spatially downscaled climate models (CMIP5) at 1/8 degree scale, then averaged within park boundaries. National parks in Alaska and Hawaii, along with Dry Tortugas National Park, were excluded because projections at this resolution were unavailable. Temperatures for 2050 are based on the 20-year average of 2041-2060 and for 2100 are based on the period 2080-2099. Projected temperatures assume that greenhouse gas emissions continue at their current rate (RCP8.5). The interactive map features the average summer daily high temperature (June-August), while days over 90\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, 95\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, and 100\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F were counted annually. The current period values for parks and climate divisions are based on the 1991-2010 average calculated using a gridded observational dataset by Ed Maurer of Santa Clara University. \u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Summertime is primetime for national parks. As snow melts, wildflowers bloom and waterfalls roar, generations of visitors have flocked to the natural wonders that dot the American landscape (to say nothing of all the amazing cultural sites the National Park Service protects).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service was created a century ago — August 25, 1916 to be exact — to keep an eye on the growing treasure trove of national parks. It’s been a good century as more and more land has been set aside and annual visitors now number more than 300 million, but it’s also not been without challenges. Chief among them is \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/director/\">climate change\u003c/a>, which will drastically \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/quiz/\">alter national park landscapes\u003c/a> in the coming decades including cranking up the \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/gallery/graphics/100-years-of-warming-at-the-national-parks\">heat\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>As part of Climate Central’s ongoing \u003ca href=\"http://statesatrisk.org/\">States at Risk\u003c/a> project, we analyzed just how much hotter parks are projected to get later this century. We looked at the future summer temperatures in all the parks in the Lower 48 states except Dry Tortugas National Park (sorry, Fort Jefferson lovers!) assuming greenhouse gas emissions continue on their current trend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The results could make you sweat. Parks are projected to have summers that are 8-12°F hotter by 2100. That means currently cool mountainous parks could be as hot as the plains. Parks in the Southeast, already a pretty hot place, will face even more extreme temperatures with a climate more like southern Texas. And otherworldly Joshua Tree National Park in southern California will face the greatest geographical climate shift, with temperatures more like Abu Dhabi by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We also analyzed how many more days with extreme heat the parks could face. \u003ca href=\"http://wxshift.com/climate-change/climate-indicators/extreme-heat\">Extreme heat\u003c/a> is a hallmark of global warming, and its impact will be most arresting in the national parks where people go, by design, to be outside in the summer. Like the rest of the country, parks are going to be seeing more dangerously hot days above 90°F, 95°F, and 100°F.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2100, the glaciers of Montana’s Glacier National Park \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">will be long gone\u003c/a> and rising temperatures will be one of the big reasons why. Visitors will not only have to contend with an ice-free landscape, but also hotter temperatures. Today the park sees an average of only one 90°F day each year. It could see 27 days with temperatures above 90°F by the end of the century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yosemite National Park, high in the Sierra Nevada mountains of California, currently sees about two weeks of 90°F weather every year. By 2050, it could see nearly a month of those temperatures, and by 2100 it could get nearly 50 such days each year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And the Great Smoky Mountains, currently the most-visited National Park, could go from fewer than 10 days above 90°F each year, on average now, to three months with those scorching temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In numerous other parks, the number of days above 100°F is projected to skyrocket. Big Bend National Park in Texas could see more than 110 days above 100°F each year, on average. And Great Basin National Park in Nevada, which currently doesn’t have any days above 100°F in a typical year, could see a month of those temperatures each year by 2100.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s likely that parks on the more extreme end of the temperature scale will see a drop in summer visitation, but more visitors are \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/national-parks-warm-temps-19123\">likely to show up in fall\u003c/a> and spring when it won’t be fry-an-egg-on-the-sidewalk hot. That may stretch park resources thin as most parks are set up to handle summer crowds and quieter shoulder seasons. How parks deal with the change in visitation season is an open question.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And all this is to say nothing about the impacts extreme heat will have on the natural resources around which we created national parks in the first place. Joshua Tree could become too hot for its namesake trees and there’s evidence that extreme summer days could create more rockfalls in Yosemite, which could change the face of the stunning valley at the center of the park. \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/western-wildfires-climate-change-20475\">Wildfire risk\u003c/a> will also skyrocket across the West and could make summer park vacations not only more hot but \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/wildfires-national-park-service-birthday-19371\">more smoky\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those are just the most visible changes. Whole ecosystems are likely to be disrupted and there are consequences scientists probably haven’t even uncovered yet (those are the ones that \u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/news/gradual-climate-changes-could-cause-sudden-impacts-16792\">could be the worst\u003c/a> since we’ll be least prepared).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Despite the daunting situation facing the National Park Service in its second century, there are signs it’s up for the challenge. It’s already addressing climate change from \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/new-york-parks-sea-level-rise/\">the coast\u003c/a> to the \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/glacier/\">high mountains\u003c/a> and has an \u003ca href=\"http://reports.climatecentral.org/nps/overview/\">A-Team team of experts\u003c/a> to help parks answer the gnarly questions they face.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s no denying that national parks will look a lot different by the end of the century, but that won’t make them any less a part of the fabric of American identity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.climatecentral.org/\">Climate Central\u003c/a> \u003cem>is an independent organization that researches and reports on climate change.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Analysis by James Bronzan and Alyson Kenward, PhD.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cstrong>Methodology:\u003c/strong>\u003cem> Future temperatures for 47 National Parks were calculated based on the median of 29 spatially downscaled climate models (CMIP5) at 1/8 degree scale, then averaged within park boundaries. National parks in Alaska and Hawaii, along with Dry Tortugas National Park, were excluded because projections at this resolution were unavailable. Temperatures for 2050 are based on the 20-year average of 2041-2060 and for 2100 are based on the period 2080-2099. Projected temperatures assume that greenhouse gas emissions continue at their current rate (RCP8.5). The interactive map features the average summer daily high temperature (June-August), while days over 90\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, 95\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F, and 100\u003csup>o\u003c/sup>F were counted annually. The current period values for parks and climate divisions are based on the 1991-2010 average calculated using a gridded observational dataset by Ed Maurer of Santa Clara University. \u003c/em>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Poll Challenges Stereotypes About People of Color and National Parks",
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"content": "\u003cp>A recent poll challenges the stereotype that people of color aren’t interested in outdoor recreation or national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/\">New America Media\u003c/a> surveyed 900 African American, Latino and Asian Pacific-American voters nationwide about their recreation habits. Seventy percent of participants said they enjoy activities like picnicking, camping, fishing and hunting. And 57 percent of respondents said they’ve visited a national park — more than two-thirds of them in the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It really is as simple as providing people with a map. To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.’\u003ccite>Anthony Williams,\u003cbr>\nBendixen & Amandi International\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The numbers do not surprise Rue Mapp, the founder and CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://www.outdoorafro.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Outdoor Afro\u003c/a>, which sponsors outdoor activities. She says she’s talked with lots of blacks who love spending time in wild places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been out in the field and I have been listening to the stories,” Mapp says. “I have been pushing back on the stereotypes and assumptions. My answer has been consistently that you’re not looking in the right places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to note that the poll surveyed \u003ci>voters\u003c/i>. The results reflect higher interest levels than one might deduce from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national visitation numbers\u003c/a>. The most recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/CompSurvey2008_2009RaceEthnicity.pdf\">survey\u003c/a> of national parks in 2009 showed that only one in five tourists was a person of color. Yet, the country is twice that diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Barriers to Entry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survey respondents cited long distances and costs as the main reasons they don’t visit national parks more frequently. People of color are more likely to choose a community park near their home than trek to an unknown destination that may be expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re simply unaware, to a great extent, about the national public lands that are available around them whether it be parks, forests, historic sites, etcetera,” says Anthony Williams of Bendixen & Amandi International, the public opinion research firm which conducted the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several African-Americans I interviewed on the streets of San Francisco expressed a similar sentiment, for a recent \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\">story\u003c/a> about efforts to increase diversity in national parks. Besides not knowing which national parks are nearby, some people I talked to said they don’t feel welcome and think of national parks as playgrounds for white wealthy folks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The National Parks Need Visitors of Color to Stay Relevant\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams says increased outreach efforts are needed to educate underrepresented groups that neither the location nor the cost of many national parks is prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-895961\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Olive-Tambou-backpacking-at-point-reyes-annual-female-backpacking-trip-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Olive Tambou backpacking at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Olive Tambou backpacks at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It really is as simple as providing people with a map,” he says. “To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eighty percent of survey respondents support proposals to increase visitor access through urban parks, monuments, historic and cultural sites that focus on the contributions of minorities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, the National Park Service has not focused on marketing to communities of color because the the majority of the U.S. population has been of European descent. But demographics are changing. The Census Bureau predicts that by 2043, communities of color will be the national majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parks have to be reintroduced to more Americans in order to create a legacy of experience,” says Williams. “I would compare it to Disneyland. Disneyland has an enormous marketing budget and everybody knows where Disneyland is and what to expect when they get there. And so people budget for it, make the time for it and they go. The national public lands are really a secret that needs to get out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The release of the New America Media poll coincides with a national tour this week by federal officials who are commemorating the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service. U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell and Small Business Administrator Maria Contreras-Sweet will tour César E. Chávez National Monument in Southern California on Wednesday, August 24. They will then hold a town hall discussion addressing diversity and inclusion at national parks.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A recent poll challenges the stereotype that people of color aren’t interested in outdoor recreation or national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://newamericamedia.org/\">New America Media\u003c/a> surveyed 900 African American, Latino and Asian Pacific-American voters nationwide about their recreation habits. Seventy percent of participants said they enjoy activities like picnicking, camping, fishing and hunting. And 57 percent of respondents said they’ve visited a national park — more than two-thirds of them in the past three years.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘It really is as simple as providing people with a map. To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.’\u003ccite>Anthony Williams,\u003cbr>\nBendixen & Amandi International\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The numbers do not surprise Rue Mapp, the founder and CEO of \u003ca href=\"http://www.outdoorafro.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Outdoor Afro\u003c/a>, which sponsors outdoor activities. She says she’s talked with lots of blacks who love spending time in wild places.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve been out in the field and I have been listening to the stories,” Mapp says. “I have been pushing back on the stereotypes and assumptions. My answer has been consistently that you’re not looking in the right places.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s important to note that the poll surveyed \u003ci>voters\u003c/i>. The results reflect higher interest levels than one might deduce from \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">national visitation numbers\u003c/a>. The most recent \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/CompSurvey2008_2009RaceEthnicity.pdf\">survey\u003c/a> of national parks in 2009 showed that only one in five tourists was a person of color. Yet, the country is twice that diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Barriers to Entry\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Survey respondents cited long distances and costs as the main reasons they don’t visit national parks more frequently. People of color are more likely to choose a community park near their home than trek to an unknown destination that may be expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re simply unaware, to a great extent, about the national public lands that are available around them whether it be parks, forests, historic sites, etcetera,” says Anthony Williams of Bendixen & Amandi International, the public opinion research firm which conducted the poll.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Several African-Americans I interviewed on the streets of San Francisco expressed a similar sentiment, for a recent \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/2016/08/08/national-parks-have-some-work-to-do-to-become-parks-for-all/\">story\u003c/a> about efforts to increase diversity in national parks. Besides not knowing which national parks are nearby, some people I talked to said they don’t feel welcome and think of national parks as playgrounds for white wealthy folks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The National Parks Need Visitors of Color to Stay Relevant\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Williams says increased outreach efforts are needed to educate underrepresented groups that neither the location nor the cost of many national parks is prohibitive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895961\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-895961\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Olive-Tambou-backpacking-at-point-reyes-annual-female-backpacking-trip-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Olive Tambou backpacking at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Olive Tambou backpacks at Point Reyes National Seashore, about an hour north of San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It really is as simple as providing people with a map,” he says. “To go to a national park doesn’t mean you have to go to Yosemite. There’s probably one within 30 minutes of wherever you live.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eighty percent of survey respondents support proposals to increase visitor access through urban parks, monuments, historic and cultural sites that focus on the contributions of minorities in the country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Until now, the National Park Service has not focused on marketing to communities of color because the the majority of the U.S. population has been of European descent. But demographics are changing. The Census Bureau predicts that by 2043, communities of color will be the national majority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The parks have to be reintroduced to more Americans in order to create a legacy of experience,” says Williams. “I would compare it to Disneyland. Disneyland has an enormous marketing budget and everybody knows where Disneyland is and what to expect when they get there. And so people budget for it, make the time for it and they go. The national public lands are really a secret that needs to get out.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The release of the New America Media poll coincides with a national tour this week by federal officials who are commemorating the 100th anniversary of the National Park Service. U.S. Secretary of the Interior Sally Jewell and Small Business Administrator Maria Contreras-Sweet will tour César E. Chávez National Monument in Southern California on Wednesday, August 24. They will then hold a town hall discussion addressing diversity and inclusion at national parks.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "National Parks Have Some Work to Do to Become ‘Parks for All’",
"headTitle": "National Parks Have Some Work to Do to Become ‘Parks for All’ | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Olive Tambou was shaking when she set up her tent for the first time, on a middle school field trip in Yosemite. She was terrified bears might visit her overnight, but camping beneath massive pine trees changed her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I loved being outdoors,” Tambou says with a huge smile. “It felt natural, really good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=”rJWy0QcvIz0xWUmjJRl1Oz84K4T4jvnz”]Tambou is originally from Cameroon in Central Africa, and her family traditionally doesn’t spend much time outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now she takes a bus twice a week from her home in Visitacion Valley to the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA). Walking along the San Francisco Bay shoreline at Crissy Field, Tambou says she doesn’t mind the three-hour round trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love going to parks!” Tambou exclaims, as she spreads her arms to the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s part of a high school \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/learn/youth/leadership/iyel/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">internship program\u003c/a> designed to inspire people of many ethnic identities to care about national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Our Green Spaces Are Still So White\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, our country’s most scenic parks and cultural monuments drew more than 300 million visitors, but most of them fell in the U.S. census category of “White, non-Hispanic.” The most recent nationwide visitor \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/CompSurvey2008_2009RaceEthnicity.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">survey\u003c/a> in 2009 showed that only one in five tourists was a person of color. Yet the nation is about twice that diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-900386\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop.png\" alt=\"Diversity_Desktop\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1223\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-400x255.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-800x510.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-768x489.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-1440x917.png 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-1180x752.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-960x612.png 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-900387\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Mobile.png\" alt=\"Diversity_Mobile\" width=\"750\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Mobile.png 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Mobile-400x711.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t feel a sense of connection,” says \u003ca href=\"http://userwww.sfsu.edu/nroberts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nina Roberts\u003c/a>, professor at San Francisco State University. “They just don’t feel that relationship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts researches race and culture in outdoor recreation. She says the parks have struggled to welcome people of all backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘Parks For All,’ ‘Parks Forever,’ ‘America’s Best Idea’ — a lot of those are clichés in minority communities,” says Roberts, “because they’re still trying to figure out, ‘Okay, I hear that, but I’m not seeing the changes.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts says the parks \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2015/03/26/national-park-service-director-on-the-future-of-americas-parks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">need to make changes\u003c/a> that would show people of all backgrounds they’re welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service does preserve places that are historically and culturally significant to many peoples. Think of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/cech/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">birthplace of the farmworker movement\u003c/a> in California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/azru/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aztec ruins \u003c/a>in New Mexico, and an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/afbg/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">African burial ground\u003c/a> in Manhattan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895965\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3824px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-895965\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers.jpg\" alt=\"Park rangers explain flora and fauna at Chrissy Field to a group of visitors from the Mission District who took free shuttles to Chrissy Field. \" width=\"3824\" height=\"2868\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers.jpg 3824w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3824px) 100vw, 3824px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Park rangers explain flora and fauna at Crissy Field to a group of visitors from the Mission District who took free shuttles to Crissy Field. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But across the system, most park employees are Caucasian. The uniforms make rangers look like immigration officials. And, Roberts says, many African-Americans, particularly elders, fear the outdoors and carry the scars of slavery and lynchings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What people do for leisure, historically, was not spending time in the outdoors,” Roberts says, “because they worked in the outdoors or they were killed in the outdoors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urban Parks for City People\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park Service leaders are aware of these barriers and, since the 1970s, they’ve been trying, somewhat unsuccessfully it appears, to increase diversity to catch up with the country’s shifting demographics. During that decade, Congress created the country’s first urban parks — GGNRA was one of them — and one goal was to attract minorities and low-income people to parks that were closer to cities, so people didn’t have to travel for hours to experience a national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘What people do for leisure, historically, was not spending time in the outdoors, because they worked in the outdoors or they were killed in the outdoors.’\u003ccite>Nina Roberts, San Francisco State University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We have got to bring the natural world back to the people,” said Interior Secretary Walter Hickel in 1970, “rather than have them live in an environment where everything is paved over with concrete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Longtime San Francisco activist Amy Meyer remembers a heated Sierra Club meeting one night in the early 1970s, when a woman from Chinatown spoke confidently to the group of white activists discussing land preservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meyer says the woman told them, “‘Look if you don’t get the people from Chinatown to understand what you’re talking about, the next generation is going to pave over Yosemite.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On October 27, 1972 Congress established both the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and the Gateway National Recreation Area in New York City. It was the beginning of a wave of urban parks, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/samo/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/a> in greater Los Angeles, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/cuva/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cuyahoga Valley\u003c/a> near Cleveland. Today you can visit a national park site in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/urban/upload/UrbanAgenda_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">40 of the country’s 50 \u003c/a>most populated cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Strategies to Lure New Visitors\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years the Park Service has tried numerous outreach programs such as summer camps and free days, designed to attract people of color. Currently, GGNRA is offering free shuttles to the park every Saturday from designated libraries in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the parks have stumbled occasionally in their outreach. For example, youth programs used to accept students on a first-come, first-served basis. So for years, the programs filled with white kids from private schools who had savvy parents. In another example, inner city kids are often recruited for beach clean-ups. So their first experience with the outdoors is picking up someone else’s trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are subtle ways the park has discriminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At a local park here in Washington D.C., for a time, the only signs in Spanish were “No drinking allowed in the park,'” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.npca.org/people/alan-spears\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alan Spears\u003c/a>, director of cultural resources with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parks Conservation Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3264px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-895963\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis.jpg\" alt=\"Youth intership camping trip at Point Reyes, CA. From left to right: Lurleen Frazier, Sarah Hoang, Olive Tambou, Stela Zouradakis\" width=\"3264\" height=\"2448\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis.jpg 3264w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3264px) 100vw, 3264px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Youth intership camping trip at Point Reyes, CA. From left to right: Lurleen Frazier, Sarah Hoang, Olive Tambou, Stela Zouradakis \u003ccite>(Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Securing the Parks’ Futures\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spears says the marketing to people of color hasn’t worked. The message has to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we say to them is not, ‘We’ve got a cure for your crappy life with National Parks,’” says Spears. “But rather, ‘We’ve got a park system. It’s increasingly relevant to you and your community and, boy, we really need your help.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Help in protecting the park’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2050 whites will no longer be the U.S. majority. So Spears says minority votes will be increasingly important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every session of Congress,” he says, “we get someone who thinks it would be a good idea to sell off a portion of a national park in order to put up an outlet mall or something else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s not just votes to preserve wild lands. It’s votes to preserve the places that tell the stories of all Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To that end, the NPS has published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com/2011/08/national-park-service-issues-5-year-call-action-plan-moving-toward-its-second-century8687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call to Action\u003c/a> which outlines priorities for the organization’s future. It states: “In our second century, we will fully represent our nation’s ethnically and culturally diverse communities.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "As the National Park Service celebrates its 100th year, we look at challenges facing the parks over the next century.",
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"description": "As the National Park Service celebrates its 100th year, we look at challenges facing the parks over the next century.",
"title": "National Parks Have Some Work to Do to Become ‘Parks for All’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Olive Tambou was shaking when she set up her tent for the first time, on a middle school field trip in Yosemite. She was terrified bears might visit her overnight, but camping beneath massive pine trees changed her life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I loved being outdoors,” Tambou says with a huge smile. “It felt natural, really good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>Tambou is originally from Cameroon in Central Africa, and her family traditionally doesn’t spend much time outside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now she takes a bus twice a week from her home in Visitacion Valley to the Golden Gate National Recreation Area (GGNRA). Walking along the San Francisco Bay shoreline at Crissy Field, Tambou says she doesn’t mind the three-hour round trip.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I love going to parks!” Tambou exclaims, as she spreads her arms to the sky.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She’s part of a high school \u003ca href=\"http://www.parksconservancy.org/learn/youth/leadership/iyel/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">internship program\u003c/a> designed to inspire people of many ethnic identities to care about national parks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Why Our Green Spaces Are Still So White\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, our country’s most scenic parks and cultural monuments drew more than 300 million visitors, but most of them fell in the U.S. census category of “White, non-Hispanic.” The most recent nationwide visitor \u003ca href=\"https://www.nature.nps.gov/socialscience/docs/CompSurvey2008_2009RaceEthnicity.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">survey\u003c/a> in 2009 showed that only one in five tourists was a person of color. Yet the nation is about twice that diverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"sharedaddy show-for-medium-up\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-900386\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop.png\" alt=\"Diversity_Desktop\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1223\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop.png 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-400x255.png 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-800x510.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-768x489.png 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-1440x917.png 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-1180x752.png 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Desktop-960x612.png 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cdiv class=\"show-for-small-only\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-900387\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Mobile.png\" alt=\"Diversity_Mobile\" width=\"750\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Mobile.png 750w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Diversity_Mobile-400x711.png 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They don’t feel a sense of connection,” says \u003ca href=\"http://userwww.sfsu.edu/nroberts/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Nina Roberts\u003c/a>, professor at San Francisco State University. “They just don’t feel that relationship.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts researches race and culture in outdoor recreation. She says the parks have struggled to welcome people of all backgrounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“‘Parks For All,’ ‘Parks Forever,’ ‘America’s Best Idea’ — a lot of those are clichés in minority communities,” says Roberts, “because they’re still trying to figure out, ‘Okay, I hear that, but I’m not seeing the changes.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Roberts says the parks \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/forum/2015/03/26/national-park-service-director-on-the-future-of-americas-parks/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">need to make changes\u003c/a> that would show people of all backgrounds they’re welcome.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service does preserve places that are historically and culturally significant to many peoples. Think of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/cech/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">birthplace of the farmworker movement\u003c/a> in California, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/azru/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Aztec ruins \u003c/a>in New Mexico, and an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/afbg/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">African burial ground\u003c/a> in Manhattan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895965\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3824px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-895965\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers.jpg\" alt=\"Park rangers explain flora and fauna at Chrissy Field to a group of visitors from the Mission District who took free shuttles to Chrissy Field. \" width=\"3824\" height=\"2868\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers.jpg 3824w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/nat-parks-rangers-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3824px) 100vw, 3824px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Park rangers explain flora and fauna at Crissy Field to a group of visitors from the Mission District who took free shuttles to Crissy Field. \u003ccite>(Lesley McClurg/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But across the system, most park employees are Caucasian. The uniforms make rangers look like immigration officials. And, Roberts says, many African-Americans, particularly elders, fear the outdoors and carry the scars of slavery and lynchings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What people do for leisure, historically, was not spending time in the outdoors,” Roberts says, “because they worked in the outdoors or they were killed in the outdoors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Urban Parks for City People\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Park Service leaders are aware of these barriers and, since the 1970s, they’ve been trying, somewhat unsuccessfully it appears, to increase diversity to catch up with the country’s shifting demographics. During that decade, Congress created the country’s first urban parks — GGNRA was one of them — and one goal was to attract minorities and low-income people to parks that were closer to cities, so people didn’t have to travel for hours to experience a national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘What people do for leisure, historically, was not spending time in the outdoors, because they worked in the outdoors or they were killed in the outdoors.’\u003ccite>Nina Roberts, San Francisco State University\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“We have got to bring the natural world back to the people,” said Interior Secretary Walter Hickel in 1970, “rather than have them live in an environment where everything is paved over with concrete.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Longtime San Francisco activist Amy Meyer remembers a heated Sierra Club meeting one night in the early 1970s, when a woman from Chinatown spoke confidently to the group of white activists discussing land preservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meyer says the woman told them, “‘Look if you don’t get the people from Chinatown to understand what you’re talking about, the next generation is going to pave over Yosemite.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On October 27, 1972 Congress established both the Golden Gate National Recreation Area and the Gateway National Recreation Area in New York City. It was the beginning of a wave of urban parks, such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/samo/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Santa Monica Mountains\u003c/a> in greater Los Angeles, and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/cuva/index.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Cuyahoga Valley\u003c/a> near Cleveland. Today you can visit a national park site in \u003ca href=\"https://www.nps.gov/subjects/urban/upload/UrbanAgenda_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">40 of the country’s 50 \u003c/a>most populated cities.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Strategies to Lure New Visitors\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the years the Park Service has tried numerous outreach programs such as summer camps and free days, designed to attract people of color. Currently, GGNRA is offering free shuttles to the park every Saturday from designated libraries in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the parks have stumbled occasionally in their outreach. For example, youth programs used to accept students on a first-come, first-served basis. So for years, the programs filled with white kids from private schools who had savvy parents. In another example, inner city kids are often recruited for beach clean-ups. So their first experience with the outdoors is picking up someone else’s trash.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And there are subtle ways the park has discriminated.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At a local park here in Washington D.C., for a time, the only signs in Spanish were “No drinking allowed in the park,'” says \u003ca href=\"https://www.npca.org/people/alan-spears\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Alan Spears\u003c/a>, director of cultural resources with the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npca.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">National Parks Conservation Association\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_895963\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3264px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-895963\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis.jpg\" alt=\"Youth intership camping trip at Point Reyes, CA. From left to right: Lurleen Frazier, Sarah Hoang, Olive Tambou, Stela Zouradakis\" width=\"3264\" height=\"2448\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis.jpg 3264w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-400x300.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-768x576.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-1440x1080.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-1920x1440.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/08/Point-ReyesFrom-left-to-right-Lurleen-Frazier-Sarah-Hoang-Olive-Tambou-Stela-Zouradakis-960x720.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3264px) 100vw, 3264px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Youth intership camping trip at Point Reyes, CA. From left to right: Lurleen Frazier, Sarah Hoang, Olive Tambou, Stela Zouradakis \u003ccite>(Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Securing the Parks’ Futures\u003cbr>\n\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spears says the marketing to people of color hasn’t worked. The message has to change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What we say to them is not, ‘We’ve got a cure for your crappy life with National Parks,’” says Spears. “But rather, ‘We’ve got a park system. It’s increasingly relevant to you and your community and, boy, we really need your help.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Help in protecting the park’s future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By 2050 whites will no longer be the U.S. majority. So Spears says minority votes will be increasingly important.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every session of Congress,” he says, “we get someone who thinks it would be a good idea to sell off a portion of a national park in order to put up an outlet mall or something else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it’s not just votes to preserve wild lands. It’s votes to preserve the places that tell the stories of all Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To that end, the NPS has published a \u003ca href=\"http://www.nationalparkstraveler.com/2011/08/national-park-service-issues-5-year-call-action-plan-moving-toward-its-second-century8687\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call to Action\u003c/a> which outlines priorities for the organization’s future. It states: “In our second century, we will fully represent our nation’s ethnically and culturally diverse communities.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>KQED \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/\">Science\u003c/a> is celebrating the 100-Year Anniversary of our National Parks with \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/nationalparks/\">special radio reports.\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Take the \u003ca href=\"https://www.qzzr.com/c/quiz/249160/national-parks-turns-100\">“KQED National Park Poll”\u003c/a> and enter for a chance to win a 20% off coupon for the Warming Hut in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.presidio.gov/\">Presidio of San Francisco.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten people who take the \u003ca href=\"https://www.qzzr.com/c/quiz/249160/national-parks-turns-100\">“KQED National Park Poll”\u003c/a> between Monday, August 1 at 8AM PDT and Wednesday, August 31 Midnight PDT. The drawing will take place at 8AM PDT on Thursday, September 1. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Rules \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>To enter, entrants must take the 5-question \u003ca href=\"https://www.qzzr.com/c/quiz/249160/national-parks-turns-100\">“KQED National Park Poll”\u003c/a> between Monday, August 1 at 8AM PDT and Wednesday, August 31 Midnight PDT. The drawing will take place at 8AM PDT on Thursday, September 1, 2016.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ten (10) winners will be selected via random drawing from among the eligible entries received to win a 20% off coupon for the Warming Hut in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.presidio.gov/\">Presidio of San Francisco.\u003c/a> The coupon expires December 31, 2016.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The selected winner will be emailed by KQED and must claim his or her prize by replying within three business days. The prize will be emailed to the selected winner.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>You must be 18 years or older and a California resident to participate. Employees of KQED are not eligible to enter. One entry per person or household.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>This drawing is in no way sponsored, endorsed or administered by, or associated with Facebook and by entering you release Facebook from any and all liability associated with this contest.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>KQED \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/\">Science\u003c/a> is celebrating the 100-Year Anniversary of our National Parks with \u003ca href=\"http://www.kqed.org/nationalparks/\">special radio reports.\u003c/a> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Take the \u003ca href=\"https://www.qzzr.com/c/quiz/249160/national-parks-turns-100\">“KQED National Park Poll”\u003c/a> and enter for a chance to win a 20% off coupon for the Warming Hut in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.presidio.gov/\">Presidio of San Francisco.\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ten people who take the \u003ca href=\"https://www.qzzr.com/c/quiz/249160/national-parks-turns-100\">“KQED National Park Poll”\u003c/a> between Monday, August 1 at 8AM PDT and Wednesday, August 31 Midnight PDT. The drawing will take place at 8AM PDT on Thursday, September 1. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The Rules \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>To enter, entrants must take the 5-question \u003ca href=\"https://www.qzzr.com/c/quiz/249160/national-parks-turns-100\">“KQED National Park Poll”\u003c/a> between Monday, August 1 at 8AM PDT and Wednesday, August 31 Midnight PDT. The drawing will take place at 8AM PDT on Thursday, September 1, 2016.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Ten (10) winners will be selected via random drawing from among the eligible entries received to win a 20% off coupon for the Warming Hut in the \u003ca href=\"http://www.presidio.gov/\">Presidio of San Francisco.\u003c/a> The coupon expires December 31, 2016.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>The selected winner will be emailed by KQED and must claim his or her prize by replying within three business days. The prize will be emailed to the selected winner.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>You must be 18 years or older and a California resident to participate. Employees of KQED are not eligible to enter. One entry per person or household.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>This drawing is in no way sponsored, endorsed or administered by, or associated with Facebook and by entering you release Facebook from any and all liability associated with this contest.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Life in the Park: Finding Meaning in Park Service Work",
"headTitle": "Life in the Park: Finding Meaning in Park Service Work | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>There’s a popular refrain among National Park Service employees, one that doubles as a reminder, of sorts, after a long, wearisome day: “We get paid in sunrises and sunsets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many park employees, the pay is seasonal and not great. The hours are long. The question is usually the same (“Where’s the bathroom?”). And no matter how many pamphlets you pass out, instructions you give or “Attention!” signs you put up, people still wander off trails, carve their names in trees and get too close to the bears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I saw and heard all of this earlier this summer, during a reporting trip to Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the most-visited park in the U.S. For 10 days, I tagged along with the park’s employees and volunteers — releasing \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/05/11/477693489/wildlife-biologists-manage-bear-interactions-in-americas-national-parks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rescued bear cubs\u003c/a>, welcoming delegations of foreign diplomats, hunting for invasive \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/05/26/479584561/on-the-hunt-for-wily-wild-hogs-in-a-national-park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">feral hogs\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/05/19/478643466/budget-shortfalls-affect-national-parks-maintenance-cleaning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cleaning bathrooms\u003c/a> — to try to get an idea of just how much work goes on behind-the-scenes in our national parks. (Spoiler alert: It’s a lot.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what struck me the most were the reasons why — outside of the stunning sunrises and sunsets — people decide to work and dedicate their lives to a place like Great Smoky Mountains National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Bill Gober\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec.jpg\" alt=\"Bill Gober started volunteering as a trail rover at Great Smoky Mountains National Park 4 years ago after he lost his job. He helps monitor visitors and pick up garbage from the trails.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889686\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-1920x1279.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Gober started volunteering as a trail rover at Great Smoky Mountains National Park 4 years ago after he lost his job. He helps monitor visitors and pick up garbage from the trails. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Trail rover volunteer, 4 years with NPS\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It must have been the chicken salad,” Bill Gober thought, hiking down from Laurel Falls on one of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park’s most popular trails. His stomach was all knotted up. He was sweating bullets and short of breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He made it down the trail to a creek, where he dipped his handkerchief in the water and sat on a rock. “That’s when I called into dispatch and asked for a carry out,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gober had started volunteering on the Laurel Falls Trail a couple of years after losing his job in the medical supply field. He was spending a lot of his time hiking in the park anyway. “It was therapeutic, an escape from reality,” he says. So he figured he’d help out the park’s staff by working as a trail rover one day a week, monitoring visitors and warning them about stuff like rattlesnakes and bears. “Mostly, I pick up a lot of garbage,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during one of those shifts, not long after a chicken salad lunch, that he had his heart attack. After calling for help, he was carried out by park employees and airlifted to Knoxville, Tenn., for bypass surgery. The doctors agreed that if it wasn’t for the quick response and professionalism of park staff, Gober would have died on that rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why he came back to volunteer on the trail as soon as he was physically able. You’ll find him there on Wednesdays. “I definitely have some payback to give back to the park,” Gober says. “I’m alive today because of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Will Jaynes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61.jpg\" alt=\"Will Jaynes patrols the Appalachian Trail as a law enforcement officer. He has worked with the National Park Service for 15 years.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2002\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889687\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-1440x961.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Will Jaynes patrols the Appalachian Trail as a law enforcement officer. He has worked with the National Park Service for 15 years. \u003ccite>(Mike Belleme for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Park ranger, 15 years with NPS\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years before patrolling the Appalachian Trail as a law enforcement officer, Will Jaynes walked it under \u003ca href=\"http://www.atmuseum.org/trail-names.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the trail name\u003c/a> Hayduke, an homage to the law-defying radical environmentalist portrayed in Edward Abbey’s \u003cem>The Monkey Wrench Gang\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had long nasty hair and dirty clothes,” says a short-haired, clean-clothed Jaynes. “I tell my boss now that if he wants someone to go undercover with thru-hikers I could look the part again pretty quick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a park ranger, Jaynes is part of a small police force tasked with policing the roughly 11 million visitors a year who visit the trail, which runs from Georgia to Maine. That includes thru-hikers and drive-thru motorists, RV campers and minimalists, outdoors people and city folk. It’s no small task. And Jaynes says he draws on his experiences in previous jobs and in previous lifestyles to be a more relatable and effective police officer, a skill that he thinks has been made all the more important by recent events and public distrust with law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I can relate to someone and provide someone with education as opposed to a citation, that’s what I want to do,” Jaynes says. “The person that gets the ticket is going to angry and not as on board with the mission of the park service five years down the road, whereas the guy who gets the education is going to feel relieved and grateful and be way more likely to buy-in to what we’re trying to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Michael Smith\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Smith has worked with the National Park Service for the past 5 years. He's the mountain farm museum coordinator at Great Smoky Mountains National Park.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889688\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-1920x1279.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Smith has worked with the National Park Service for the past 5 years. He’s the mountain farm museum coordinator at Great Smoky Mountains National Park. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mountain farm museum coordinator, 5 years with NPS\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What are\u003cem> you\u003c/em> doing in the Appalachian Mountains?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Smith says he got that question a lot when he started working in Great Smoky Mountains National Park and living in the southern Appalachia. People didn’t ask it in a derogatory or demeaning way, he says, but more out of a genuine interest. The Appalachian Mountains \u003ca href=\"http://www.prb.org/pdf12/appalachia-census-chartbook-2011.pdf\">aren’t known for their diversity\u003c/a>. But that can be misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you dive into [the history] of an area like this, there were many different cultures that were in this area — Cherokee Indians, European settlers, even slavery was in this area,” Smith says. “Those stories have to be told for people to know how they relate to these mountains.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service is facing larger relevancy issues nationwide. Most of its workforce and visitors are older and white, so engaging with younger and more diverse groups is key to its future. Relatability, Smith says, is crucial to that. And as a Florida-born African-American who interacts with student groups from all across the South, Smith sees himself as being able to help fill that role in the Great Smokies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want something out of a visit. They don’t want to come and visit just for the sake of visiting. They want a view or scenery or they want to be able to connect to the area and its history,” Smith says. “To get those individuals you have to have something or someone for them to relate to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Paul “Doc” Hadala \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889689\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2002px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530.jpg\" alt='Paul \"Doc\" Hadala, a volunteer at Great Smoky Mountains National Park, works to eliminate invasive plant species from a section of forest.' width=\"2002\" height=\"3000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889689\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530.jpg 2002w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-400x599.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-800x1199.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-768x1151.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-1440x2158.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-1920x2877.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-1180x1768.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-960x1439.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2002px) 100vw, 2002px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul “Doc” Hadala, a volunteer at Great Smoky Mountains National Park, works to eliminate invasive plant species from a section of forest. \u003ccite>(Mike Belleme for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Vegetation crew volunteer with more than 15,000 volunteer hours\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Hadala started volunteering at Great Smoky Mountains National Park for a simple reason: “I was single at the time and needed something to do,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d spent 32 years with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a military engineer, working on missile systems and dams; then another seven years teaching at Louisiana Tech University. He was semi-retired and had time on his hands, so he decided to spend it killing invasive species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate exercising. It’s like pulling teeth,” he says, chopping away at a vine of honeysuckle. “This is a good way to stay in shape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hadala’s is a love story. Volunteering with the vegetation crew, he spends a lot of time with the crew’s permanent and seasonal workers. After two summers of working with one of the seasonal employees, he mentioned to her that he was a bit lonesome and that “it would be nice to have someone to go to dinner with,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She introduced Hadala to her mom, and they’ve been happily married for 11 years since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hadala still volunteers at the park 30 hours a week. Spending that much time at the park is good for their relationship, he says. “The wife said she’d marry me for better or for worse, but not for lunch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Jessica Tezak \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c.jpg\" alt=\"Jessica Tezak is a contractor at LeConte Lodge in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2008\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889690\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-400x268.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-768x514.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-1440x964.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-960x643.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica Tezak is a contractor at LeConte Lodge in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Contractor at LeConte Lodge since 2016\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two corners of the porch of the main building at LeConte Lodge in Great Smoky Mountains National Park where, if the weather’s just right, you \u003cem>might\u003c/em> get enough cell phone service to make a call. Don’t bother trying to load Facebook or stream a video. Sorry, millennials, it just won’t happen at the highest-elevation guest lodge in the eastern U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That might be my favorite part of living here,” says Jessica Tezak, a millennial herself. “I feel a lot less anxious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before working at the lodge, Tezak was connected all of the time. She studied journalism in college and then did photojournalism internships. Neither allowed her to ignore her phone or the stress of always being on-call. “I couldn’t escape it,” she says. “And that’s so not the person that I want to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an internship at the\u003cem> Knoxville News Sentinel, \u003c/em>Tezak was assigned to take photos for a feature called Hike of the Month. Leading the hike that month was a couple, who had met at LeConte Lodge. “They had this beautiful love story,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her internship ended, she thought back to the lodge and the way the couple described it as an “escape.” She was feeling unsure about daily journalism and wanted a change, so she applied for a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months later, she’s living at the lodge with a handful of other workers, cooking meals, washing dishes and helping out a rotating list of guests. It’s not a dream job, she says. Someday she’d like to go back to full-time photography. But in the interim, she says, it’s a good way to save money, meet nice people and enjoy the simpler things in life.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Heidi Brill \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b.jpg\" alt=\"Heidi Brill works with the Trails crew as an animal caretaker. She has been working for the National Park Service for 8 years.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889691\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-1920x1279.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Heidi Brill works with the Trails crew as an animal caretaker. She has been working for the National Park Service for 8 years. \u003ccite>(Ntahan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Trails crew, animal caretaker, 8 years with NPS\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heidi Brill prefers to start her mornings early. On days she’s going to be on the trails, she’s at the barn by 4:30 a.m. and out on the trail with the horses at daybreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything’s so quiet,” she says. “As the sun comes down and hits the forest floor, the animals start getting sweated up and steam’s rising off of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s those moments that carry her through long days on horseback at the park, leading in teams of pack mules to haul equipment and supplies for maintenance workers in the park. It’s backbreaking work, loading the mules up with crossbuck saddles and keeping gear evenly balanced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brill’s used to it though. She’s been working on trail maintenance crews for the better part of a decade, mostly back West along the Pacific Crest Trail. In her early jobs, her crew would go out on long self-supported jobs, packing in eight days’ worth of food, tools and personal gear. They’d cut new trails and clear old trails, sawing away fallen trees and sweeping away brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s an instant gratification that comes with that type of intense team labor, she says, a feeling of “Yay, we did this!” that comes from seeing a clean trail or new walkway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Life+In+The+Park%3A+Finding+Meaning+In+Park+Service+Work&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>There’s a popular refrain among National Park Service employees, one that doubles as a reminder, of sorts, after a long, wearisome day: “We get paid in sunrises and sunsets.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many park employees, the pay is seasonal and not great. The hours are long. The question is usually the same (“Where’s the bathroom?”). And no matter how many pamphlets you pass out, instructions you give or “Attention!” signs you put up, people still wander off trails, carve their names in trees and get too close to the bears.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I saw and heard all of this earlier this summer, during a reporting trip to Great Smoky Mountains National Park, the most-visited park in the U.S. For 10 days, I tagged along with the park’s employees and volunteers — releasing \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/05/11/477693489/wildlife-biologists-manage-bear-interactions-in-americas-national-parks\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">rescued bear cubs\u003c/a>, welcoming delegations of foreign diplomats, hunting for invasive \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2016/05/26/479584561/on-the-hunt-for-wily-wild-hogs-in-a-national-park\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">feral hogs\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://www.npr.org/2016/05/19/478643466/budget-shortfalls-affect-national-parks-maintenance-cleaning\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">cleaning bathrooms\u003c/a> — to try to get an idea of just how much work goes on behind-the-scenes in our national parks. (Spoiler alert: It’s a lot.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what struck me the most were the reasons why — outside of the stunning sunrises and sunsets — people decide to work and dedicate their lives to a place like Great Smoky Mountains National Park.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Bill Gober\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889686\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec.jpg\" alt=\"Bill Gober started volunteering as a trail rover at Great Smoky Mountains National Park 4 years ago after he lost his job. He helps monitor visitors and pick up garbage from the trails.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889686\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-1920x1279.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/bill-gober_custom-c5c8e66cd6581f59806d7b1c95e9594821b9ddec-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bill Gober started volunteering as a trail rover at Great Smoky Mountains National Park 4 years ago after he lost his job. He helps monitor visitors and pick up garbage from the trails. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Trail rover volunteer, 4 years with NPS\u003cbr>\n\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It must have been the chicken salad,” Bill Gober thought, hiking down from Laurel Falls on one of the Great Smoky Mountains National Park’s most popular trails. His stomach was all knotted up. He was sweating bullets and short of breath.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He made it down the trail to a creek, where he dipped his handkerchief in the water and sat on a rock. “That’s when I called into dispatch and asked for a carry out,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gober had started volunteering on the Laurel Falls Trail a couple of years after losing his job in the medical supply field. He was spending a lot of his time hiking in the park anyway. “It was therapeutic, an escape from reality,” he says. So he figured he’d help out the park’s staff by working as a trail rover one day a week, monitoring visitors and warning them about stuff like rattlesnakes and bears. “Mostly, I pick up a lot of garbage,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It was during one of those shifts, not long after a chicken salad lunch, that he had his heart attack. After calling for help, he was carried out by park employees and airlifted to Knoxville, Tenn., for bypass surgery. The doctors agreed that if it wasn’t for the quick response and professionalism of park staff, Gober would have died on that rock.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s why he came back to volunteer on the trail as soon as he was physically able. You’ll find him there on Wednesdays. “I definitely have some payback to give back to the park,” Gober says. “I’m alive today because of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Will Jaynes\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889687\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61.jpg\" alt=\"Will Jaynes patrols the Appalachian Trail as a law enforcement officer. He has worked with the National Park Service for 15 years.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2002\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889687\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-400x267.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-768x513.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-1440x961.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-1920x1281.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/willjaynes_custom-4d77f099f37d7f222fa9f0f2111aab0c10ebcb61-960x641.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Will Jaynes patrols the Appalachian Trail as a law enforcement officer. He has worked with the National Park Service for 15 years. \u003ccite>(Mike Belleme for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Park ranger, 15 years with NPS\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years before patrolling the Appalachian Trail as a law enforcement officer, Will Jaynes walked it under \u003ca href=\"http://www.atmuseum.org/trail-names.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the trail name\u003c/a> Hayduke, an homage to the law-defying radical environmentalist portrayed in Edward Abbey’s \u003cem>The Monkey Wrench Gang\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I had long nasty hair and dirty clothes,” says a short-haired, clean-clothed Jaynes. “I tell my boss now that if he wants someone to go undercover with thru-hikers I could look the part again pretty quick.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a park ranger, Jaynes is part of a small police force tasked with policing the roughly 11 million visitors a year who visit the trail, which runs from Georgia to Maine. That includes thru-hikers and drive-thru motorists, RV campers and minimalists, outdoors people and city folk. It’s no small task. And Jaynes says he draws on his experiences in previous jobs and in previous lifestyles to be a more relatable and effective police officer, a skill that he thinks has been made all the more important by recent events and public distrust with law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I can relate to someone and provide someone with education as opposed to a citation, that’s what I want to do,” Jaynes says. “The person that gets the ticket is going to angry and not as on board with the mission of the park service five years down the road, whereas the guy who gets the education is going to feel relieved and grateful and be way more likely to buy-in to what we’re trying to do.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>Michael Smith\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889688\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876.jpg\" alt=\"Michael Smith has worked with the National Park Service for the past 5 years. He's the mountain farm museum coordinator at Great Smoky Mountains National Park.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889688\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-1920x1279.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/michaelsmith_custom-a17ea28c4ba791f710b83778512dae48185b8876-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Michael Smith has worked with the National Park Service for the past 5 years. He’s the mountain farm museum coordinator at Great Smoky Mountains National Park. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mountain farm museum coordinator, 5 years with NPS\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What are\u003cem> you\u003c/em> doing in the Appalachian Mountains?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Michael Smith says he got that question a lot when he started working in Great Smoky Mountains National Park and living in the southern Appalachia. People didn’t ask it in a derogatory or demeaning way, he says, but more out of a genuine interest. The Appalachian Mountains \u003ca href=\"http://www.prb.org/pdf12/appalachia-census-chartbook-2011.pdf\">aren’t known for their diversity\u003c/a>. But that can be misleading.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you dive into [the history] of an area like this, there were many different cultures that were in this area — Cherokee Indians, European settlers, even slavery was in this area,” Smith says. “Those stories have to be told for people to know how they relate to these mountains.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The National Park Service is facing larger relevancy issues nationwide. Most of its workforce and visitors are older and white, so engaging with younger and more diverse groups is key to its future. Relatability, Smith says, is crucial to that. And as a Florida-born African-American who interacts with student groups from all across the South, Smith sees himself as being able to help fill that role in the Great Smokies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People want something out of a visit. They don’t want to come and visit just for the sake of visiting. They want a view or scenery or they want to be able to connect to the area and its history,” Smith says. “To get those individuals you have to have something or someone for them to relate to.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Paul “Doc” Hadala \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889689\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 2002px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530.jpg\" alt='Paul \"Doc\" Hadala, a volunteer at Great Smoky Mountains National Park, works to eliminate invasive plant species from a section of forest.' width=\"2002\" height=\"3000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889689\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530.jpg 2002w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-400x599.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-800x1199.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-768x1151.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-1440x2158.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-1920x2877.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-1180x1768.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/doc_custom-a57a4ca6d8e47850947661334849dccc1ce75530-960x1439.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2002px) 100vw, 2002px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paul “Doc” Hadala, a volunteer at Great Smoky Mountains National Park, works to eliminate invasive plant species from a section of forest. \u003ccite>(Mike Belleme for NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Vegetation crew volunteer with more than 15,000 volunteer hours\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Paul Hadala started volunteering at Great Smoky Mountains National Park for a simple reason: “I was single at the time and needed something to do,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He’d spent 32 years with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers as a military engineer, working on missile systems and dams; then another seven years teaching at Louisiana Tech University. He was semi-retired and had time on his hands, so he decided to spend it killing invasive species.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I hate exercising. It’s like pulling teeth,” he says, chopping away at a vine of honeysuckle. “This is a good way to stay in shape.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Hadala’s is a love story. Volunteering with the vegetation crew, he spends a lot of time with the crew’s permanent and seasonal workers. After two summers of working with one of the seasonal employees, he mentioned to her that he was a bit lonesome and that “it would be nice to have someone to go to dinner with,” he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She introduced Hadala to her mom, and they’ve been happily married for 11 years since.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hadala still volunteers at the park 30 hours a week. Spending that much time at the park is good for their relationship, he says. “The wife said she’d marry me for better or for worse, but not for lunch.”\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Jessica Tezak \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889690\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c.jpg\" alt=\"Jessica Tezak is a contractor at LeConte Lodge in Great Smoky Mountains National Park.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"2008\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889690\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-400x268.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-800x535.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-768x514.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-1440x964.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-1920x1285.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-1180x790.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/jessica-tezak_custom-e662932768df480021dd9549d99dba0f0b7aef9c-960x643.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jessica Tezak is a contractor at LeConte Lodge in Great Smoky Mountains National Park. \u003ccite>(Nathan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Contractor at LeConte Lodge since 2016\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are two corners of the porch of the main building at LeConte Lodge in Great Smoky Mountains National Park where, if the weather’s just right, you \u003cem>might\u003c/em> get enough cell phone service to make a call. Don’t bother trying to load Facebook or stream a video. Sorry, millennials, it just won’t happen at the highest-elevation guest lodge in the eastern U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That might be my favorite part of living here,” says Jessica Tezak, a millennial herself. “I feel a lot less anxious.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before working at the lodge, Tezak was connected all of the time. She studied journalism in college and then did photojournalism internships. Neither allowed her to ignore her phone or the stress of always being on-call. “I couldn’t escape it,” she says. “And that’s so not the person that I want to be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During an internship at the\u003cem> Knoxville News Sentinel, \u003c/em>Tezak was assigned to take photos for a feature called Hike of the Month. Leading the hike that month was a couple, who had met at LeConte Lodge. “They had this beautiful love story,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When her internship ended, she thought back to the lodge and the way the couple described it as an “escape.” She was feeling unsure about daily journalism and wanted a change, so she applied for a job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Months later, she’s living at the lodge with a handful of other workers, cooking meals, washing dishes and helping out a rotating list of guests. It’s not a dream job, she says. Someday she’d like to go back to full-time photography. But in the interim, she says, it’s a good way to save money, meet nice people and enjoy the simpler things in life.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003ch3>\u003cstrong>Heidi Brill \u003c/strong>\u003c/h3>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_889691\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 3000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b.jpg\" alt=\"Heidi Brill works with the Trails crew as an animal caretaker. She has been working for the National Park Service for 8 years.\" width=\"3000\" height=\"1998\" class=\"size-full wp-image-889691\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b.jpg 3000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-400x266.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-768x511.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-1440x959.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-1920x1279.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-1180x786.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/heidi-brill_custom-87c518bcff8e026c56ce3607b155fc0b43f3d10b-960x639.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 3000px) 100vw, 3000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Heidi Brill works with the Trails crew as an animal caretaker. She has been working for the National Park Service for 8 years. \u003ccite>(Ntahan Rott/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Trails crew, animal caretaker, 8 years with NPS\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Heidi Brill prefers to start her mornings early. On days she’s going to be on the trails, she’s at the barn by 4:30 a.m. and out on the trail with the horses at daybreak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything’s so quiet,” she says. “As the sun comes down and hits the forest floor, the animals start getting sweated up and steam’s rising off of them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s those moments that carry her through long days on horseback at the park, leading in teams of pack mules to haul equipment and supplies for maintenance workers in the park. It’s backbreaking work, loading the mules up with crossbuck saddles and keeping gear evenly balanced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brill’s used to it though. She’s been working on trail maintenance crews for the better part of a decade, mostly back West along the Pacific Crest Trail. In her early jobs, her crew would go out on long self-supported jobs, packing in eight days’ worth of food, tools and personal gear. They’d cut new trails and clear old trails, sawing away fallen trees and sweeping away brush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s an instant gratification that comes with that type of intense team labor, she says, a feeling of “Yay, we did this!” that comes from seeing a clean trail or new walkway.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Life+In+The+Park%3A+Finding+Meaning+In+Park+Service+Work&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "National Park Daguerreotypes Invite Viewers to 'Merge With the Land'",
"headTitle": "National Park Daguerreotypes Invite Viewers to ‘Merge With the Land’ | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Photographer \u003ca href=\"http://www.binhdanh.com/\">Binh Danh\u003c/a> spends his summers tooling around various national parks in a distinctive white van that doubles as a darkroom. “I nicknamed it ‘Louis’ after Louis Daguerre,” the 38-year-old says, smiling from behind his professorial glasses. Louis Daguerre invented the daguerreotype in the 1830s, and Binh Danh has reinvented it for today. Using handmade materials, Danh coats sheets of copper with silver, polishes the plates to a blinding gleam and synthesizes them with iodine to create crystals that act as pixels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827061\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 244px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-827061\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"Binh Danh was 2 years old when his family arrived in Northern California after fleeing Vietnam in 1979. Though they lived just a few hours from Yosemite, Danh says they never went to the national parks.\" width=\"244\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-400x500.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-1180x1476.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-960x1201.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57.jpg 1309w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 244px) 100vw, 244px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Binh Danh was 2 years old when his family arrived in Northern California after fleeing Vietnam in 1979. Though they lived just a few hours from Yosemite, Danh says they never went to the national parks. \u003ccite>(Robert Schultz/Courtesy of Binh Danh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Danh’s work is part of a larger tradition: More than 100 years ago, early photographers helped publicize the beauty of the national parks. Indeed, the parks might not have existed if it weren’t for photographers like Carleton Watkins and Charles Weed, whose Yosemite images helped persuade Congress to establish the first national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Danh brings a contemporary perspective to his work. Now a professor at Arizona State University, he and his family arrived in the U.S. in 1979. “We were the second waves of Vietnamese refugees leaving Vietnam,” Danh says. He, his parents and his three siblings fled civil unrest through jungles and over the South China Sea. They spent months in a Malaysian refugee camp and eventually landed in Northern California when Danh was 2 years old. His parents spoke no English, but they managed to open a television repair shop in San Jose. “I spent all my time there,” Danh remembers. “It was school, then back to the shop to work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting at age 5, Danh worked as the shop’s janitor, cleaning the bathrooms and floors. Even though they were only a few hours from Yosemite, Danh says the family never visited the national parks — after their experience fleeing Vietnam, his parents weren’t interested in roughing it outside. But Danh fell in love with the pictures of the parks he saw on calendars. He became a photographer, he says, when his father gave him a camera right before a school camping trip in fifth grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-827062\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-800x612.jpg\" alt='Danh says he hopes his images will help viewers \"become a part of this land.\" Above, Yosemite Falls, shown in May 2011.' width=\"800\" height=\"612\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-400x306.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-768x587.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-1440x1101.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-1920x1468.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-1180x902.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-960x734.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Danh says he hopes his images will help viewers “become a part of this land.” Above, Yosemite Falls, shown in May 2011. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Binh Danh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, Danh’s silver daguerreotypes of national parks are superreflective, like mirrors. “I want viewers, when they look at my work, that they see themselves in the picture,” he says, “that they also become part of this land; that they, in a way, merge with the land — but they don’t quite disappear into the land. That they still see themselves in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Not \u003c/em>disappearing into the landscape is meaningful for immigrants thinking both about the challenges of assimilation and being overlooked. In the Ken Burns documentary \u003cem>The National Parks: America’s Best Idea,\u003c/em> Carl Pope, former director of the Sierra Club, says the parks “are the meaning of home for many of us. They’re what it means to be an American and to inhabit this continent. It’s the end of the immigrant experience. And they’re what takes you and says, ‘Now, I am an American.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-827063\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1440x1101.jpg\" alt=\"The Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a vast volcanic field in Arco, Idaho. Danh made this image, Cinders at Craters of the Moon, in 201\" width=\"640\" height=\"489\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1440x1101.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-400x306.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-768x587.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1920x1468.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1180x902.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-960x734.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a vast volcanic field in Arco, Idaho. Danh made this image,\u003cem> Cinders at Craters of the Moon,\u003c/em> in 2013. \u003ccite>(Binh Danh/Courtesy of Sun Valley Center for the Arts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Danh can recite that passage nearly from memory. He says it can be hard not to be overwhelmed by the power of the parks and how they stand for an American ideal that sometimes feels as though it’s slipping away. (He’s also thoughtful about the parks’ histories with Native Americans, who were violently displaced when some parks were created, including Yellowstone and Yosemite.) The photographer has visited about 15 national parks for his daguerreotype series, but the best-known images are from Yosemite. Images from the series have been exhibited at the National Gallery of Art in Washington and at the \u003ca href=\"https://eastman.org/photography-national-parks-traveling\">George Eastman Museum\u003c/a> in Rochester, N.Y.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827064\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 247px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-827064\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"Park ranger Lindsay Smith poses with a chunk of volcanic rock in 2013.\" width=\"247\" height=\"309\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-400x500.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-1440x1800.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-1920x2400.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-1180x1475.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-960x1200.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Park ranger Lindsay Smith poses with a chunk of volcanic rock in 2013. \u003ccite>(Binh Danh/Courtesy of Sun Valley Center for the Arts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We loved those Yosemite images,” says Kristin Poole, artistic director of the Sun Valley Center for the Arts in Ketchum, Idaho. Poole invited Danh to be part of \u003ca href=\"http://sunvalleycenter.org/visual-arts/craters-of-the-moon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a project\u003c/a> about Idaho’s Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve. It might be one of the weirdest national parks — a vast, forbidding black volcanic field. Poole calls it a study in contrasts: “That really, really pitch black dark craggy landscape with this stunningly blue Idaho sky, and then the sparks of green that are made up of the limber pine trees that grow there,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Danh made daguerreotypes of the landscape and film portraits of the park’s rangers cradling big chunks of volcanic rock — 19th century equipment to create decidedly 21st century views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=National+Park+Daguerreotypes+Invite+Viewers+To+%27Merge+With+The+Land%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Photographer Binh Danh melds early photographic materials and timeless landscapes to produce ethereal images of national parks. He says it's his hope that viewers \"see themselves in the picture.\"",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Photographer \u003ca href=\"http://www.binhdanh.com/\">Binh Danh\u003c/a> spends his summers tooling around various national parks in a distinctive white van that doubles as a darkroom. “I nicknamed it ‘Louis’ after Louis Daguerre,” the 38-year-old says, smiling from behind his professorial glasses. Louis Daguerre invented the daguerreotype in the 1830s, and Binh Danh has reinvented it for today. Using handmade materials, Danh coats sheets of copper with silver, polishes the plates to a blinding gleam and synthesizes them with iodine to create crystals that act as pixels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827061\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 244px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-827061\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"Binh Danh was 2 years old when his family arrived in Northern California after fleeing Vietnam in 1979. Though they lived just a few hours from Yosemite, Danh says they never went to the national parks.\" width=\"244\" height=\"305\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-400x500.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-1180x1476.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57-960x1201.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh13_custom-e69e2ecebe54d265893266314759abe84a503f57.jpg 1309w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 244px) 100vw, 244px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Binh Danh was 2 years old when his family arrived in Northern California after fleeing Vietnam in 1979. Though they lived just a few hours from Yosemite, Danh says they never went to the national parks. \u003ccite>(Robert Schultz/Courtesy of Binh Danh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Danh’s work is part of a larger tradition: More than 100 years ago, early photographers helped publicize the beauty of the national parks. Indeed, the parks might not have existed if it weren’t for photographers like Carleton Watkins and Charles Weed, whose Yosemite images helped persuade Congress to establish the first national park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Danh brings a contemporary perspective to his work. Now a professor at Arizona State University, he and his family arrived in the U.S. in 1979. “We were the second waves of Vietnamese refugees leaving Vietnam,” Danh says. He, his parents and his three siblings fled civil unrest through jungles and over the South China Sea. They spent months in a Malaysian refugee camp and eventually landed in Northern California when Danh was 2 years old. His parents spoke no English, but they managed to open a television repair shop in San Jose. “I spent all my time there,” Danh remembers. “It was school, then back to the shop to work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting at age 5, Danh worked as the shop’s janitor, cleaning the bathrooms and floors. Even though they were only a few hours from Yosemite, Danh says the family never visited the national parks — after their experience fleeing Vietnam, his parents weren’t interested in roughing it outside. But Danh fell in love with the pictures of the parks he saw on calendars. He became a photographer, he says, when his father gave him a camera right before a school camping trip in fifth grade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827062\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-827062\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-800x612.jpg\" alt='Danh says he hopes his images will help viewers \"become a part of this land.\" Above, Yosemite Falls, shown in May 2011.' width=\"800\" height=\"612\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-400x306.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-768x587.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-1440x1101.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-1920x1468.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-1180x902.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/danh4-edit_custom-b698ec2c328084f60355ebcc3d33f377404773a4-960x734.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Danh says he hopes his images will help viewers “become a part of this land.” Above, Yosemite Falls, shown in May 2011. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Binh Danh)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Today, Danh’s silver daguerreotypes of national parks are superreflective, like mirrors. “I want viewers, when they look at my work, that they see themselves in the picture,” he says, “that they also become part of this land; that they, in a way, merge with the land — but they don’t quite disappear into the land. That they still see themselves in it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Not \u003c/em>disappearing into the landscape is meaningful for immigrants thinking both about the challenges of assimilation and being overlooked. In the Ken Burns documentary \u003cem>The National Parks: America’s Best Idea,\u003c/em> Carl Pope, former director of the Sierra Club, says the parks “are the meaning of home for many of us. They’re what it means to be an American and to inhabit this continent. It’s the end of the immigrant experience. And they’re what takes you and says, ‘Now, I am an American.’ ”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827063\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-large wp-image-827063\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1440x1101.jpg\" alt=\"The Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a vast volcanic field in Arco, Idaho. Danh made this image, Cinders at Craters of the Moon, in 201\" width=\"640\" height=\"489\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1440x1101.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-400x306.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-768x587.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1920x1468.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-1180x902.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-cinders_custom-0d6cdfffcde7a5322e7920981ce49817282c6733-960x734.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve is a vast volcanic field in Arco, Idaho. Danh made this image,\u003cem> Cinders at Craters of the Moon,\u003c/em> in 2013. \u003ccite>(Binh Danh/Courtesy of Sun Valley Center for the Arts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Danh can recite that passage nearly from memory. He says it can be hard not to be overwhelmed by the power of the parks and how they stand for an American ideal that sometimes feels as though it’s slipping away. (He’s also thoughtful about the parks’ histories with Native Americans, who were violently displaced when some parks were created, including Yellowstone and Yosemite.) The photographer has visited about 15 national parks for his daguerreotype series, but the best-known images are from Yosemite. Images from the series have been exhibited at the National Gallery of Art in Washington and at the \u003ca href=\"https://eastman.org/photography-national-parks-traveling\">George Eastman Museum\u003c/a> in Rochester, N.Y.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_827064\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 247px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-827064\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/science/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-800x1000.jpg\" alt=\"Park ranger Lindsay Smith poses with a chunk of volcanic rock in 2013.\" width=\"247\" height=\"309\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-800x1000.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-400x500.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-768x960.jpg 768w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-1440x1800.jpg 1440w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-1920x2400.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-1180x1475.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2016/07/binh-danh-ranger_lindsay_custom-4dccc5eae6cd4807bd18a0a3bf1c38f8f82ed148-960x1200.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 247px) 100vw, 247px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Park ranger Lindsay Smith poses with a chunk of volcanic rock in 2013. \u003ccite>(Binh Danh/Courtesy of Sun Valley Center for the Arts)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We loved those Yosemite images,” says Kristin Poole, artistic director of the Sun Valley Center for the Arts in Ketchum, Idaho. Poole invited Danh to be part of \u003ca href=\"http://sunvalleycenter.org/visual-arts/craters-of-the-moon/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">a project\u003c/a> about Idaho’s Craters of the Moon National Monument and Preserve. It might be one of the weirdest national parks — a vast, forbidding black volcanic field. Poole calls it a study in contrasts: “That really, really pitch black dark craggy landscape with this stunningly blue Idaho sky, and then the sparks of green that are made up of the limber pine trees that grow there,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Danh made daguerreotypes of the landscape and film portraits of the park’s rangers cradling big chunks of volcanic rock — 19th century equipment to create decidedly 21st century views.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2016 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"http://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=National+Park+Daguerreotypes+Invite+Viewers+To+%27Merge+With+The+Land%27&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Woman Pleads Guilty to Defacing Rocks at 7 National Parks",
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"content": "\u003cp>A San Diego woman who painted and drew on natural rock formations at national parks across the West and posted her work on social media pleaded guilty Monday to defacing government property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casey Nocket, 23, pleaded guilty in federal court in Fresno to seven misdemeanors for her 2014 painting spree at seven national parks, including Yosemite in California and Zion in Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also admitted to defacing rocks at Crater Lake National Park in Oregon and Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10988931\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10988931\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-800x890.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot from one of Casey Nocket's social media accounts shows her defacing a rock face in Utah's Canyonlands National Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"890\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-800x890.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-400x445.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-1180x1312.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-960x1068.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot from one of Casey Nocket's social media accounts shows her defacing a rock face in Utah's Canyonlands National Park. \u003ccite>(Screenshot via Modern Hiker)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nocket was sentenced to two years' probation and 200 hours of community service. Judge Sheila K. Oberto also banned Nocket from lands administered by the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the Army Corps of Engineers during the period of probation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The defendant's defacement of multiple rock formations showed a lack of respect for the law and our shared national treasures,\" acting U.S. Attorney Phillip Talbert said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nocket posted photos of her various defacements under the Instagram handle \"creepytings,\" which she also used to sign much of her work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of Nocket’s vandalism in September and October of 2014 quickly appeared on two hiking blogs, \u003ca href=\"http://www.modernhiker.com/2014/10/21/instagram-artist-defaces-national-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">Modern Hiker\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://calipidder.com/wp/2014/10/tracking-serial-vandal-national-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">Calipidder\u003c/a>, after Nocket’s Instagram feed was posted on \u003ca href=\"http://www.reddit.com/r/Yosemite/comments/2jvbst/graffiti_artist_with_no_regard_for_her_actions/\" target=\"_blank\">Reddit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That led to broad outrage on social media and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2014/10/23/berkeley-resident-petitions-authorities-to-punish-park-vandal/\" target=\"_blank\">at least one petition\u003c/a> on Whitehouse.gov requesting that authorities pursue charges and the maximum punishment allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vandalism caused serious cleanup problems. The sandblasting and chemical stripping used to remove paint can cause even more damage to irreplaceable natural features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10988995\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"One of Casey Nocket's paintings in Yosemite National Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10988995\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-800x524.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-400x262.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-1180x773.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-960x629.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of Casey Nocket's paintings in Yosemite National Park. \u003ccite>(Screenshot via Modern Hiker)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At two national parks, Crater Lake and Death Valley in California, cleanup has yet to be completed nearly two years later. A later hearing will determine how much restitution Nocket must pay to help with the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A press release from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of California outlined Nocket's damage at the seven parks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n· Sept. 23, 2014, Death Valley National Park in the Eastern District of California at the summit of Telescope Peak.\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 12, 2014, Rocky Mountain National Park in the District of Colorado\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 13, 2014, Colorado National Monument in the District of Colorado on the Monument Canyon Trail.\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 15, 2014, Canyonlands National Park in the District of Utah on the Neck Spring Trail.\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 17, 2014, Zion National Park in the District of Utah.\u003cbr>\n· Oct. 2, 2014, Yosemite National Park in the Eastern District of California at the beginning of the John Muir Trail.\u003cbr>\n· Oct. 7, 2014, Crater Lake National Park in the District of Oregon.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A federal judge sentenced Casey Nocket to two years' probation and 200 hours of community service for a 2014 painting spree she documented on social media.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A San Diego woman who painted and drew on natural rock formations at national parks across the West and posted her work on social media pleaded guilty Monday to defacing government property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Casey Nocket, 23, pleaded guilty in federal court in Fresno to seven misdemeanors for her 2014 painting spree at seven national parks, including Yosemite in California and Zion in Utah.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also admitted to defacing rocks at Crater Lake National Park in Oregon and Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10988931\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10988931\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-800x890.jpg\" alt=\"A screenshot from one of Casey Nocket's social media accounts shows her defacing a rock face in Utah's Canyonlands National Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"890\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-800x890.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-400x445.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-1180x1312.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/NocketDefaces-960x1068.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot from one of Casey Nocket's social media accounts shows her defacing a rock face in Utah's Canyonlands National Park. \u003ccite>(Screenshot via Modern Hiker)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Nocket was sentenced to two years' probation and 200 hours of community service. Judge Sheila K. Oberto also banned Nocket from lands administered by the National Park Service, the U.S. Forest Service, the Bureau of Land Management and the Army Corps of Engineers during the period of probation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The defendant's defacement of multiple rock formations showed a lack of respect for the law and our shared national treasures,\" acting U.S. Attorney Phillip Talbert said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nocket posted photos of her various defacements under the Instagram handle \"creepytings,\" which she also used to sign much of her work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>News of Nocket’s vandalism in September and October of 2014 quickly appeared on two hiking blogs, \u003ca href=\"http://www.modernhiker.com/2014/10/21/instagram-artist-defaces-national-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">Modern Hiker\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"http://calipidder.com/wp/2014/10/tracking-serial-vandal-national-parks/\" target=\"_blank\">Calipidder\u003c/a>, after Nocket’s Instagram feed was posted on \u003ca href=\"http://www.reddit.com/r/Yosemite/comments/2jvbst/graffiti_artist_with_no_regard_for_her_actions/\" target=\"_blank\">Reddit\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That led to broad outrage on social media and \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/arts/2014/10/23/berkeley-resident-petitions-authorities-to-punish-park-vandal/\" target=\"_blank\">at least one petition\u003c/a> on Whitehouse.gov requesting that authorities pursue charges and the maximum punishment allowed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The vandalism caused serious cleanup problems. The sandblasting and chemical stripping used to remove paint can cause even more damage to irreplaceable natural features.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10988995\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-800x524.jpg\" alt=\"One of Casey Nocket's paintings in Yosemite National Park.\" width=\"800\" height=\"524\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-10988995\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-800x524.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-400x262.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-1180x773.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/06/creepytingsface-960x629.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">One of Casey Nocket's paintings in Yosemite National Park. \u003ccite>(Screenshot via Modern Hiker)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At two national parks, Crater Lake and Death Valley in California, cleanup has yet to be completed nearly two years later. A later hearing will determine how much restitution Nocket must pay to help with the cleanup.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A press release from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Eastern District of California outlined Nocket's damage at the seven parks:\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\n· Sept. 23, 2014, Death Valley National Park in the Eastern District of California at the summit of Telescope Peak.\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 12, 2014, Rocky Mountain National Park in the District of Colorado\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 13, 2014, Colorado National Monument in the District of Colorado on the Monument Canyon Trail.\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 15, 2014, Canyonlands National Park in the District of Utah on the Neck Spring Trail.\u003cbr>\n· Sept. 17, 2014, Zion National Park in the District of Utah.\u003cbr>\n· Oct. 2, 2014, Yosemite National Park in the Eastern District of California at the beginning of the John Muir Trail.\u003cbr>\n· Oct. 7, 2014, Crater Lake National Park in the District of Oregon.\n\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This post includes reporting from The Associated Press.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "American Suburb: The Podcast",
"tagline": "The flip side of gentrification, told through one town",
"info": "Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 17
},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328",
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"rss": "https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast",
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"baycurious": {
"id": "baycurious",
"title": "Bay Curious",
"tagline": "Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time",
"info": "KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.",
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"order": 2
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"info": "The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service",
"meta": {
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},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/",
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"code-switch-life-kit": {
"id": "code-switch-life-kit",
"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"meta": {
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
"airtime": "THU 10pm, FRI 1am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"meta": {
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
"link": "/radio/program/commonwealth-club",
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"id": "forum",
"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
"info": "KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 8
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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},
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"id": "freakonomics-radio",
"title": "Freakonomics Radio",
"info": "Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://freakonomics.com/",
"airtime": "SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm",
"meta": {
"site": "radio",
"source": "WNYC"
},
"link": "/radio/program/freakonomics-radio",
"subscribe": {
"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
"rss": "https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"
}
},
"fresh-air": {
"id": "fresh-air",
"title": "Fresh Air",
"info": "Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"
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},
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"id": "here-and-now",
"title": "Here & Now",
"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"
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},
"how-i-built-this": {
"id": "how-i-built-this",
"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this",
"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "npr"
},
"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"npr": "https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy",
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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},
"inside-europe": {
"id": "inside-europe",
"title": "Inside Europe",
"info": "Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.",
"airtime": "SAT 3am-4am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg",
"meta": {
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"source": "Deutsche Welle"
},
"link": "/radio/program/inside-europe",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/",
"rss": "https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"
}
},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"live-from-here-highlights": {
"id": "live-from-here-highlights",
"title": "Live from Here Highlights",
"info": "Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. Download Chris’s Song of the Week plus other highlights from the broadcast. Produced by American Public Media.",
"airtime": "SAT 6pm-8pm, SUN 11am-1pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Live-From-Here-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.livefromhere.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "arts",
"source": "american public media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/live-from-here-highlights",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1167173941",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/Live-from-Here-Highlights-p921744/",
"rss": "https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/a-prairie-home-companion-highlights/rss/rss"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
"subscribe": {
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
"subscribe": {
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Police secrets, unsealed",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "On Our Watch from NPR and KQED",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 10
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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"stitcher": "https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch",
"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"our-body-politic": {
"id": "our-body-politic",
"title": "Our Body Politic",
"info": "Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.",
"airtime": "SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/",
"meta": {
"site": "news",
"source": "kcrw"
},
"link": "/radio/program/our-body-politic",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868",
"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw",
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"rss": "https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"
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},
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"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
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"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83061",
"raceName": "Proposition 3",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83062",
"raceName": "Proposition 4",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83063",
"raceName": "Proposition 5",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83064",
"raceName": "Proposition 6",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83065",
"raceName": "Proposition 32",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83066",
"raceName": "Proposition 33",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83067",
"raceName": "Proposition 34",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83068",
"raceName": "Proposition 35",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
},
{
"id": "83069",
"raceName": "Proposition 36",
"raceDescription": "Passes with majority vote."
}
],
"AlamedaChabotLasPositasCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea1": {
"id": "AlamedaChabotLasPositasCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Chabot – Las Positas Community College District, Trustee Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 27293,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Hector Garcia",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 20349
},
{
"candidateName": "Luis Reynoso \r",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6944
}
]
},
"AlamedaChabotLasPositasCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea4": {
"id": "AlamedaChabotLasPositasCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Chabot - Las Positas Community College District, Trustee Area 4",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 38764,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Maria L Heredia ",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 26185
},
{
"candidateName": "Joseph Grcar",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12579
}
]
},
"AlamedaPeraltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea2": {
"id": "AlamedaPeraltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Peralta Community College District, Trustee Area 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 21710,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Paulina Gonzalez",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14082
},
{
"candidateName": "Sinead Geneva Anderson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7628
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]
},
"AlamedaSanJoaquinDeltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea1": {
"id": "AlamedaSanJoaquinDeltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Joaquin Delta Community College District, Trustee Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 68,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Ralph Lee White",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 36
},
{
"candidateName": "Shelly Stoll Swanson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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}
]
},
"AlamedaSanJoaquinDeltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea2": {
"id": "AlamedaSanJoaquinDeltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Joaquin Delta Community College District, Trustee Area 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 68,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Samuel Anderson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Julie D. Kay",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Dan Wright",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"AlamedaSanJoaquinDeltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea6": {
"id": "AlamedaSanJoaquinDeltaCommunityCollegeDistrictTrusteeArea6",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Joaquin Delta Community College District, Trustee Area 6",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 64,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Catalina Piña",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Rosario Patrick",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"AlamedaAlamedaUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "AlamedaAlamedaUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Alameda Unified School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "To three candidates win seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 76529,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Heather Little",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 21985
},
{
"candidateName": "Meleah Hall",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 21482
},
{
"candidateName": "Joyce Boyd",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11258
},
{
"candidateName": "Jennifer Williams",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 21804
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]
},
"AlamedaCastroValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea5": {
"id": "AlamedaCastroValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Castro Valley Unified School District Governing Board, Area 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4669,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "John Chung",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1272
},
{
"candidateName": "Mike Kusiak",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3397
}
]
},
"AlamedaDublinUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1": {
"id": "AlamedaDublinUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Dublin Unified School District Governing Board, Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5101,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Kristian Reyes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3067
},
{
"candidateName": "Ramnath “Ram” Shanbhogue",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2034
}
]
},
"AlamedaEmeryUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "AlamedaEmeryUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Emery Unified School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6089,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Elsie Joyce Lee",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2651
},
{
"candidateName": "Brian Donahue",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 832
},
{
"candidateName": "Walter Pizarro",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 707
},
{
"candidateName": "John T. Van Geffen",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1899
}
]
},
"AlamedaFremontUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea4": {
"id": "AlamedaFremontUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Fremont Unified School District Governing Board, Area 4",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 13186,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Ganesh Balamitran",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6580
},
{
"candidateName": "Rinu Nair",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6606
}
]
},
"AlamedaHaywardUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "AlamedaHaywardUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Hayward Unified School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "Top three candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 117571,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sophia Jauregui",
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Luis Reynoso",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 18567
},
{
"candidateName": "Sara Prada",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 19824
},
{
"candidateName": "Austin Bruckner Carrillo",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 18762
},
{
"candidateName": "Simon “Peter” Gutierrez Bufete",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 21408
},
{
"candidateName": "Calyn Kelley",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Tom Wong",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8933
}
]
},
"AlamedaLammersvilleJointUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1": {
"id": "AlamedaLammersvilleJointUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Lammersville Joint Unified School District Governing Board, Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 76,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "David A. Pombo",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Surekha Shekar",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16
}
]
},
"AlamedaLivermoreValleyJointUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "AlamedaLivermoreValleyJointUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Livermore Valley Joint Unified School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat. Includes votes from Alameda and Contra Costa counties.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 65867,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Maggie Tufts",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14895
},
{
"candidateName": "Amanda Pepper",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4177
},
{
"candidateName": "Jean Paulsen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2536
},
{
"candidateName": "Tara Boyce",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13219
},
{
"candidateName": "Christiaan Vandenheuvel",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 15223
},
{
"candidateName": "Deena Kaplanis",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 15817
}
]
},
"AlamedaNewHavenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1": {
"id": "AlamedaNewHavenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "New Haven Unified School District Governing Board, Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4547,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Midji Kuo-Rovetta",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1214
},
{
"candidateName": "Patricio R. Urbi",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2094
},
{
"candidateName": "Jatinder (JP) K. Sahi",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1239
}
]
},
"AlamedaNewHavenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea2": {
"id": "AlamedaNewHavenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "New Haven Unified School District Governing Board, Area 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4448,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Melanie Freeberg",
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2928
},
{
"candidateName": "Michelle Parnala",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1520
}
]
},
"AlamedaNewHavenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3": {
"id": "AlamedaNewHavenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "New Haven Unified School District Governing Board, Area 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5229,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Lydia Idem",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1960
},
{
"candidateName": "Michael Gonzales",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3269
}
]
},
"AlamedaNewarkUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "AlamedaNewarkUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Newark Unified School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "Top three candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 32762,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Aiden Hill",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7728
},
{
"candidateName": "Vikas Minglani",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3727
},
{
"candidateName": "Gabriel Anguiano Jr.",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7435
},
{
"candidateName": "Austin Block",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7622
},
{
"candidateName": "Phuong Nguyen",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6250
}
]
},
"AlamedaPleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3": {
"id": "AlamedaPleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Pleasanton Unified School District Governing Board, Area 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7101,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Donalyn Harris",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3142
},
{
"candidateName": "Kelly Mokashi",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3959
}
]
},
"AlamedaPleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea4": {
"id": "AlamedaPleasantonUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Pleasanton Unified School District Governing Board, Area 4",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6947,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jen Flynn",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3309
},
{
"candidateName": "Charlie Jones",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3638
}
]
},
"AlamedaSanLorenzoUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea5": {
"id": "AlamedaSanLorenzoUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Lorenzo Unified School District Governing Board, Area 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 3704,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Alicia Gonzalez",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2363
},
{
"candidateName": "Penny Peck",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1341
}
]
},
"AlamedaSunolGlenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "AlamedaSunolGlenUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Sunol Glen Unified School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 633,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Ryan Jergensen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 264
},
{
"candidateName": "Erin Choin",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 369
}
]
},
"AlamedaBoardofSupervisorsDistrict5": {
"id": "AlamedaBoardofSupervisorsDistrict5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 141989,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "John J. Bauters",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 70782
},
{
"candidateName": "Nikki Fortunato Bas",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 71207
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlamedaCityCouncil": {
"id": "AlamedaAlamedaCityCouncil",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Alameda City Council",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 61752,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Trish Herrera Spencer",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12086
},
{
"candidateName": "Thushan Amarasiriwardena",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13049
},
{
"candidateName": "Michele Pryor",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16396
},
{
"candidateName": "Greg Boller",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14208
},
{
"candidateName": "Steve Slauson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6013
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlamedaAuditor": {
"id": "AlamedaAlamedaAuditor",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Alameda Auditor",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 27772,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Kevin R. Kearney",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 27772
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlamedaTreasurer": {
"id": "AlamedaAlamedaTreasurer",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Alameda Treasurer",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 27514,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Kevin Kennedy",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 27514
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyRentStabilizationBoardCommissioner": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyRentStabilizationBoardCommissioner",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley Rent Stabilization Board Commissioner",
"raceDescription": "Top four candidates win seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top4",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 138269,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Alfred Twu",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 22942
},
{
"candidateName": "Carole Marasovic",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 19557
},
{
"candidateName": "Xavier Johnson",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 26978
},
{
"candidateName": "Avery Arbaugh",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 19825
},
{
"candidateName": "Andy Kelley",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 23373
},
{
"candidateName": "Dominique Walker",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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"id": "AlamedaDublinCityCouncilArea1",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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"AlamedaDublinCityCouncilArea3": {
"id": "AlamedaDublinCityCouncilArea3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
"candidateName": "John Morada",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
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"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Sam Gould",
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{
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{
"candidateName": "Sukhdeep Kaur",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Courtney Welch",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Matthew Solomon",
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]
},
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
"candidateName": "Vinnie Bacon",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Hiu Ng",
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{
"candidateName": "Raj Salwan",
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]
},
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Pravesh Kumar",
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{
"candidateName": "Ranvir Sandhu",
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]
},
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"id": "AlamedaFremontCityCouncilDistrict5",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sterling Jefferson Engle",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Chandra Wagh",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Yajing Zhang",
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]
},
"AlamedaFremontCityCouncilDistrict6": {
"id": "AlamedaFremontCityCouncilDistrict6",
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"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Fremont City Council, District 6",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Raymond Liu",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Teresa Cox",
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]
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"id": "AlamedaHaywardCityCouncil",
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"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Hayward City Council",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top4",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Daniel Goldstein",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Angela Andrews",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Joe O. Ramos",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Ray Bonilla Jr.",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Tom Ferreira",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Francisco Zermeño",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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]
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "John Marchand",
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]
},
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"id": "AlamedaLivermoreCityCouncilDistrict3",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "David Farley",
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{
"candidateName": "Steven Dunbar",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Jeff Kaskey",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
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"id": "AlamedaLivermoreCityCouncilDistrict4",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
"candidateName": "Kristie Wang",
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{
"candidateName": "Thomas Soules",
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]
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
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{
"candidateName": "Jason Miguel",
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{
"candidateName": "Elisa Martinez",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
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"id": "AlamedaNewarkCityCouncilFullTerm",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 24632,
"candidates": [
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{
"candidateName": "Hitendra Gupta",
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{
"candidateName": "Jacinta Arteaga",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Julie Del Catancio",
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{
"candidateName": "Vinod Kumar",
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]
},
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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{
"candidateName": "Renu Malhotra",
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{
"candidateName": "Sean Mahanay",
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{
"candidateName": "Lucia Gutierrez",
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{
"candidateName": "Phil Bloxom",
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]
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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{
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{
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{
"candidateName": "N. Sunny Bostrom-Fleming",
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]
},
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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{
"candidateName": "Max Roman",
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{
"candidateName": "Victoria Rosenbaum",
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{
"candidateName": "Susy Struble",
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]
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{
"candidateName": "Karla Brown",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
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"location": "Alameda",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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{
"candidateName": "Valerie Arkin",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
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"id": "AlamedaPleasantonCityCouncilDistrict4",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
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{
"candidateName": "Matthew B. Gaidos",
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]
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
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{
"candidateName": "Marcus Bourlard",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Gary Singh",
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]
},
"AlamedaUnionCityCouncilDistrict1": {
"id": "AlamedaUnionCityCouncilDistrict1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
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{
"candidateName": "Erin Robertson",
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{
"candidateName": "Lance Nishihira",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
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"id": "AlamedaACTransitDistrictDirectorWard6",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
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{
"candidateName": "Shonda Goward",
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "A. Curtis Silva",
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]
},
"AlamedaAlamedaCountyWaterDistrictDirectorWard5": {
"id": "AlamedaAlamedaCountyWaterDistrictDirectorWard5",
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"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
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"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Raymond Ojeda",
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"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"AlamedaBARTDirectorDistrict5": {
"id": "AlamedaBARTDirectorDistrict5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Director, District 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. Includes votes from Alameda and Contra Costa counties.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 154960,
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{
"candidateName": "Joseph Grcar",
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]
},
"AlamedaBARTDirectorDistrict7": {
"id": "AlamedaBARTDirectorDistrict7",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Director, District 7",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. Inlcudes votes from Alameda County and San Francisco.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 161254,
"candidates": [
{
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{
"candidateName": "Dana Lang",
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]
},
"AlamedaCastroValleySanitaryDistrictDirector": {
"id": "AlamedaCastroValleySanitaryDistrictDirector",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
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"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 50863,
"candidates": [
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{
"candidateName": "Joseph Grcar",
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{
"candidateName": "Daniel M. Akagi",
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{
"candidateName": "Kenneth Owen",
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{
"candidateName": "Darshan Saini",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 51630,
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 49700,
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"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure FF",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure GG",
"raceDescription": "Berkeley. Fossil fuel tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 52229,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16178
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 36051
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureHH": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureHH",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure HH",
"raceDescription": "Berkeley. Indoor air quality. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 51108,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 22205
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 28903
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureII": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureII",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure II",
"raceDescription": "Dublin. Open Space Initiative. Passes with 50% vote. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 25701,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13649
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12052
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureJJ": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureJJ",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure JJ",
"raceDescription": "Dublin. Government accountability. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 25445,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 19350
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6095
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureK1": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureK1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure K1",
"raceDescription": "Hayward. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 46707,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 38826
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7881
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureLL": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureLL",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure LL",
"raceDescription": "Newark. Transient occupancy tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 15814,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12721
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3093
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureMM": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureMM",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure MM",
"raceDescription": "Oakland. Wildfire protection zone. Passes with 2/3 vote. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 35275,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 25125
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 10150
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureNN": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureNN",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure NN",
"raceDescription": "Oakland. Parking tax. Passes with 2/3 vote. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 159573,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 112971
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 46602
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureOO": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureOO",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure OO",
"raceDescription": "Oakland. Public ethics comission. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 150503,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 110317
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 40186
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasurePP": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasurePP",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure PP",
"raceDescription": "Pleasanton. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 34880,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 15983
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 18897
}
]
},
"AlamedaMeasureQQ": {
"id": "AlamedaMeasureQQ",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Measure QQ",
"raceDescription": "Union City. Gross receipts tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 24809,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 20249
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4560
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlbanyCityCouncil": {
"id": "AlamedaAlbanyCityCouncil",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Albany City Council",
"raceDescription": "Top three candidates win seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7969,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jennifer Hansen-Romero",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2072
},
{
"candidateName": "Peggy (Margaret) McQuaid",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2150
},
{
"candidateName": "Jeremiah Garrett-Pinguelo",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 393
},
{
"candidateName": "Aaron Tiedemann",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1490
},
{
"candidateName": "Preston Jordan",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1864
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlbanyCityCouncilFinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaAlbanyCityCouncilFinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Albany City Council Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top three candidates win seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top3",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7865.9493,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jennifer Hansen-Romero",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2002
},
{
"candidateName": "Peggy (Margaret) McQuaid",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2002
},
{
"candidateName": "Jeremiah Garrett-Pinguelo (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Aaron Tiedemann",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1823.9955
},
{
"candidateName": "Preston Jordan ",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2037.9538
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlbanyBoardofEducation": {
"id": "AlamedaAlbanyBoardofEducation",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Albany Board of Education",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7096,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jolene Gazmen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1633
},
{
"candidateName": "Dayna Inkeles",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1972
},
{
"candidateName": "Brian L. Doss",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 718
},
{
"candidateName": "Veronica Davidson",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2773
}
]
},
"AlamedaAlbanyBoardofEducationFinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaAlbanyBoardofEducationFinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Albany Board of Education Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6949.5470000000005,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jolene Gazmen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1997.5386
},
{
"candidateName": "Dayna Inkeles",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2569.0084
},
{
"candidateName": "Brian L. Doss (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Veronica Davidson",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2383
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyMayor": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyMayor",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley Mayor",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 52493,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Adena Ishii",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 19978
},
{
"candidateName": "Sophie Hahn",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 19633
},
{
"candidateName": "Kate Harrison",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11853
},
{
"candidateName": "Naomi D. Pete",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 501
},
{
"candidateName": "Logan Bowie",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 528
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyMayorFinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyMayorFinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley Mayor Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 49265,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Adena Ishii",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 25156
},
{
"candidateName": "Sophie Hahn",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 24109
},
{
"candidateName": "Kate Harrison (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Naomi D. Pete (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Logan Bowie (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict2": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley City Council, District 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6873,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Terry Taplin",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4787
},
{
"candidateName": "Jenny Guarino",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2086
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict3": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley City Council, District 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6344,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Deborah Matthews",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1526
},
{
"candidateName": "John “Chip” Moore",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1459
},
{
"candidateName": "Ben Bartlett",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3359
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict3FinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict3FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley City Council, District 3 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6096,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Deborah Matthews",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1833
},
{
"candidateName": "John “Chip” Moore (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Ben Bartlett",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4263
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict5": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley City Council, District 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 8585,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Nilang Gor",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1063
},
{
"candidateName": "Todd Andrew",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1721
},
{
"candidateName": "Shoshana O’Keefe",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5801
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict5FinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict5FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley City Council, District 5 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 8262,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Nilang Gor (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Todd Andrew",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1995
},
{
"candidateName": "Shoshana O’Keefe",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6267
}
]
},
"AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict6": {
"id": "AlamedaBerkeleyCityCouncilDistrict6",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Berkeley City Council, District 6",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7332,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Brent Blackaby",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4405
},
{
"candidateName": "Andy Katz",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2927
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilAtLarge": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilAtLarge",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, At Large",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 143599,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Cristina “Tina” Tostado",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5406
},
{
"candidateName": "Charlene Wang",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 30485
},
{
"candidateName": "Mindy Ruth Pechenuk",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4835
},
{
"candidateName": "Rowena Brown",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 41871
},
{
"candidateName": "Nancy Sidebotham",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2254
},
{
"candidateName": "LeRonne L. Armstrong",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 39258
},
{
"candidateName": "Fabian Robinson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2794
},
{
"candidateName": "Shawn Danino",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 9695
},
{
"candidateName": "Kanitha Matoury",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5629
},
{
"candidateName": "Selika Thomas",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1372
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilAtLargeFinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilAtLargeFinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, At Large Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 127094,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Cristina “Tina” Tostado (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Charlene Wang (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Mindy Ruth Pechenuk (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Rowena Brown",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 72315
},
{
"candidateName": "Nancy Sidebotham (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "LeRonne L. Armstrong",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 54779
},
{
"candidateName": "Fabian Robinson (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Shawn Danino (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Kanitha Matoury (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Selika Thomas (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict1": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 1 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 29613,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Edward C. Frank",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2581
},
{
"candidateName": "Zac Unger",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 22641
},
{
"candidateName": "Len Raphael",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4391
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict1FinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict1FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 1 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 29252,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Edward C. Frank (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Zac Unger",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 24350
},
{
"candidateName": "Len Raphael",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4902
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict3": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 3 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 20561,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Baba Afolabi",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1600
},
{
"candidateName": "Carroll Fife",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 9871
},
{
"candidateName": "Michelle D. Hailey",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1458
},
{
"candidateName": "Warren Mitchell Logan",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6222
},
{
"candidateName": "Shan M. Hirsch",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 609
},
{
"candidateName": "Meron Semedar",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 801
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict3FinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict3FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 3 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 19506,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Baba Afolabi (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Carroll Fife",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11437
},
{
"candidateName": "Michelle D. Hailey (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Warren Mitchell Logan",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8069
},
{
"candidateName": "Shan M. Hirsch (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Meron Semedar (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict5": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 12299,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Noel Gallo",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6482
},
{
"candidateName": "Dominic Prado",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1930
},
{
"candidateName": "Erin Armstrong",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3887
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict5FinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict5FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 5 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 12059,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Noel Gallo",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7120
},
{
"candidateName": "Dominic Prado (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Erin Armstrong",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4939
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict7": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict7",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 7",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 13089,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Merika Goolsby",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2063
},
{
"candidateName": "Ken Houston",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4428
},
{
"candidateName": "Iris Merriouns",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4132
},
{
"candidateName": "Marcie Hodge",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2466
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict7FinalRound": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityCouncilDistrict7FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Council, District 7 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 12106,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Merika Goolsby (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Ken Houston",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6303
},
{
"candidateName": "Iris Merriouns",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5803
},
{
"candidateName": "Marcie Hodge (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandCityAttorney": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandCityAttorney",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland City Attorney",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 137594,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Brenda Harbin-Forte",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 56752
},
{
"candidateName": "Ryan Richardson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 80842
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict1": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland School Director, District 1 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 28794,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Rachel Latta",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 22409
},
{
"candidateName": "Benjamin Salop",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6385
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict3": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland School Director, District 3 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 19777,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Dwayne Aikens Jr.",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8847
},
{
"candidateName": "VanCedric Williams",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 10930
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict5": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland School Director, District 5 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 12041,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sasha Ritzie-Hernandez",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5578
},
{
"candidateName": "Patrice Berry",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6463
}
]
},
"AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict7": {
"id": "AlamedaOaklandSchoolDirectorDistrict7",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "Oakland School Director, District 7 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 12366,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Clifford Thompson",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7776
},
{
"candidateName": "Domonic Ware",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4590
}
]
},
"AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict1": {
"id": "AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Leandro City Council, District 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 22501,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sbeydeh Viveros Walton",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 22501
}
]
},
"AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict2": {
"id": "AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Leandro City Council, District 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 28755,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Ed Hernandez",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14150
},
{
"candidateName": "Bryan Azevedo",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14605
}
]
},
"AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict4": {
"id": "AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Leandro City Council, District 4 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 22361,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Fred Simon",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 22361
}
]
},
"AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict6": {
"id": "AlamedaSanLeandroCityCouncilDistrict6",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Alameda",
"raceName": "San Leandro City Council, District 6 ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "9:01 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 27155,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Robert Aguilar Bulatao",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 10457
},
{
"candidateName": "Dylan Boldt",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16698
}
]
},
"CCContraCostaCountyBoardofEducationGoverningBoardArea1": {
"id": "CCContraCostaCountyBoardofEducationGoverningBoardArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Contra Costa County Board of Education Governing Board, Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 71155,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Anthony Edward Caro",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 28949
},
{
"candidateName": "Daniel Nathan-Heiss",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 42206
}
]
},
"CCContraCostaCountyBoardofEducationGoverningBoardArea3": {
"id": "CCContraCostaCountyBoardofEducationGoverningBoardArea3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Contra Costa County Board of Education Governing Board, Area 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 79805,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yazmin Llamas",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 50322
},
{
"candidateName": "Vicki Gordon",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 29483
}
]
},
"CCContraCostaCommunityCollegeDistrictGoverningBoardWard2": {
"id": "CCContraCostaCommunityCollegeDistrictGoverningBoardWard2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Contra Costa Community College District Governing Board, Ward 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 104994,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Diana J. Honig",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 77127
},
{
"candidateName": "Kofi Opong-Mensah",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 27867
}
]
},
"CCContraCostaCommunityCollegeDistrictGoverningBoardWard5": {
"id": "CCContraCostaCommunityCollegeDistrictGoverningBoardWard5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Contra Costa Community College District Governing Board, Ward 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 70073,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Debra Vinson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 25582
},
{
"candidateName": "Fernando Sandoval",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 44491
}
]
},
"CCAcalanesUnionHighSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard": {
"id": "CCAcalanesUnionHighSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Acalanes Union High School District Governing Board",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 94219,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Andrew Fontan",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11782
},
{
"candidateName": "Sibyl Minighini",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 10578
},
{
"candidateName": "Wendy Reicher",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Paul Chopra",
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Peter Catalano",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4987
},
{
"candidateName": "Stacey Schweppe",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14661
}
]
},
"CCAntiochUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3": {
"id": "CCAntiochUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3",
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"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Antioch Unified School District Governing Board, Area 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Scott Bergerhouse",
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4191
},
{
"candidateName": "Dee Brown",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4831
}
]
},
"CCAntiochUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea4": {
"id": "CCAntiochUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
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},
{
"candidateName": "Olga Cobos-Smith",
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4829
}
]
},
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"id": "CCLivermoreValleyJointUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoard",
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"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Livermore Valley Joint Unified School District Governing Board",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 65867,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Amanda Pepper",
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Jean Paulsen",
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Tara Boyce",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Christiaan Vandenheuvel",
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 15223
},
{
"candidateName": "Deena Kaplanis",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 15817
}
]
},
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"id": "CCMartinezUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Martinez Unified School District Governing Board, Area 1",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Carlos M. Melendez",
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Logan Campbell",
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"candidateParty": "",
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}
]
},
"CCMtDiabloUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea5": {
"id": "CCMtDiabloUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "Mt Diablo Unified School District Governing Board, Area 5",
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"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "May Jabeen Patel",
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"candidateParty": "",
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}
]
},
"CCSanRamonValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea2": {
"id": "CCSanRamonValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "San Ramon Valley Unified School District Governing Board, Area 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 18704,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Shelley Clark",
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"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Karin Shumway",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7628
}
]
},
"CCSanRamonValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3": {
"id": "CCSanRamonValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "San Ramon Valley Unified School District Governing Board, Area 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 11834,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Laura Bratt",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6062
},
{
"candidateName": "Sukriti Sehgal",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5772
}
]
},
"CCWestContraCostaUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea2": {
"id": "CCWestContraCostaUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardArea2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Contra Costa",
"raceName": "West Contra Costa Unified School District Governing Board, Area 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:39 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 12451,
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
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{
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{
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{
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
"candidateName": "Michael H. Joly",
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},
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"location": "Marin",
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 66819,
"candidates": [
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"voteCount": 807
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{
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6981,
"candidates": [
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4219
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2762
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5885,
"candidates": [
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4123
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1762
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"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4403,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1763
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2640
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]
},
"MarinMeasureI": {
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"type": "localRace",
"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure I",
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"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4733,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2991
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1742
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]
},
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"location": "Marin",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4781,
"candidates": [
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{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
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},
"MarinMeasureK": {
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"location": "Marin",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7144,
"candidates": [
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"candidateName": "Yes",
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{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
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},
"MarinMeasureL": {
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"raceName": "Measure L",
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"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 8565,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6623
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{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1942
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]
},
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"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure M",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 26157,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 15151
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11006
}
]
},
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"id": "MarinMeasureN",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure N",
"raceDescription": "San Anselmo. Rent increase limit. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7470,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2756
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4714
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]
},
"MarinMeasureO": {
"id": "MarinMeasureO",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure O",
"raceDescription": "San Anselmo. Tenant benefits. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7560,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2556
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5004
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]
},
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"id": "MarinMeasureP",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure P",
"raceDescription": "San Rafael. Parcel tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 23788,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12375
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11413
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]
},
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"id": "MarinMeasureQ",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure Q",
"raceDescription": "Stinson Beach Fire Protection District. Spending limit. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 332,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 309
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 23
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]
},
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"id": "MarinMeasureR",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Marin",
"raceName": "Measure R",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:57 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 335,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 274
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"NapaNapaCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea5": {
"id": "NapaNapaCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa County Board of Education, Trustee Area 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7504,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2163
},
{
"candidateName": "Gerald Parrott \r",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5341
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]
},
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"type": "localRace",
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"raceName": "Solano County Board of Education, Trustee Area 2",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 28859,
"candidates": [
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 10075
},
{
"candidateName": "Carol J. Kalamaras",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5417
},
{
"candidateName": "Amy Sharp",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13367
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]
},
"NapaNapaValleyCollegeTrusteeArea6": {
"id": "NapaNapaValleyCollegeTrusteeArea6",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Valley College, Trustee Area 6",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 8021,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4839
},
{
"candidateName": "Scott Owens",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3182
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]
},
"NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea2": {
"id": "NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Valley Unified School District, Trustee Area 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 6552,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Lisa W. Chu",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4603
},
{
"candidateName": "Kevin “KDub” West",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1949
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]
},
"NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea4": {
"id": "NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Valley Unified School District, Trustee Area 4",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5964,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2087
},
{
"candidateName": "Eve Ryser",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3877
}
]
},
"NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea5": {
"id": "NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Valley Unified School District, Trustee Area 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5273,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3094
},
{
"candidateName": "David T. Gracia",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2179
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]
},
"NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea7": {
"id": "NapaNapaValleyUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea7",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Valley Unified School District, Trustee Area 7",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7113,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3199
},
{
"candidateName": "Julianna Hart",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3914
}
]
},
"NapaFairfieldSuisunUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea3": {
"id": "NapaFairfieldSuisunUnifiedSchoolDistrictTrusteeArea3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District, Trustee Area 3",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. Includes votes from Napa and Solano Counties.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7982,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Brigette Hunley",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4144
},
{
"candidateName": "Judi Honeychurch",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3838
}
]
},
"NapaAmericanCanyonMayor": {
"id": "NapaAmericanCanyonMayor",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "American Canyon Mayor",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 8998,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "David Oro",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4342
},
{
"candidateName": "Pierre Washington",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4656
}
]
},
"NapaAmericanCanyonCityCouncil": {
"id": "NapaAmericanCanyonCityCouncil",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "American Canyon City Council",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 13690,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Melissa Lamattina",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4312
},
{
"candidateName": "Elmer Andrei Manaid",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2796
},
{
"candidateName": "Davet Mohammed",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3044
},
{
"candidateName": "Brando R. Cruz",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3538
}
]
},
"NapaCalistogaMayor": {
"id": "NapaCalistogaMayor",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Calistoga Mayor",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 1509,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Donald Williams",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1509
}
]
},
"NapaCalistogaCityCouncil": {
"id": "NapaCalistogaCityCouncil",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Calistoga City Council",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 2676,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Lisa Gift",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 843
},
{
"candidateName": "Marion Villalba",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 745
},
{
"candidateName": "Irais Lopez-Ortega",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1088
}
]
},
"NapaNapaMayor": {
"id": "NapaNapaMayor",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Mayor",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 33270,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Tuesday D. Allison",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6598
},
{
"candidateName": "Scott Sedgley",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 26672
}
]
},
"NapaNapaCityCouncilDistrict2": {
"id": "NapaNapaCityCouncilDistrict2",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa City Council, District 2",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 7264,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Beth Painter",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 7264
}
]
},
"NapaNapaCityCouncilDistrict4": {
"id": "NapaNapaCityCouncilDistrict4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa City Council, District 4",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5214,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Bernardo “Bernie” Narvaez",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5214
}
]
},
"NapaStHelenaMayor": {
"id": "NapaStHelenaMayor",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 2662,
"candidates": [
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"candidateName": "Paul J. Dohring",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1836
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{
"candidateName": "Billy Summers",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"NapaStHelenaCityCouncil": {
"id": "NapaStHelenaCityCouncil",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "St Helena City Council",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 4172,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Michelle Deasy",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1580
},
{
"candidateName": "Hector R. Marroquin",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1076
},
{
"candidateName": "Aaron Barak",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"NapaYountvilleTownCouncil": {
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"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Yountville Town Council",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top2",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 2117,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Joe Tagliaboschi",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Robert Moore",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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},
{
"candidateName": "Pam Reeves",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
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{
"candidateName": "Eric E. Knight",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 749
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]
},
"NapaMeasureBSchool": {
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"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Napa Valley Unified School District, Measure B",
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"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 42267,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 23284
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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},
"NapaMeasureU": {
"id": "NapaMeasureU",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "Napa",
"raceName": "Measure U",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 60783,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"voteCount": 44230
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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},
"NapaMeasureG": {
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"location": "Napa",
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"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 34724,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"voteCount": 19961
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"NapaMeasureA1": {
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"location": "Napa",
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"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"location": "Napa",
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"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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},
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"location": "Napa",
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"timeUpdated": "7:25 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
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"candidateName": "Yes",
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{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"SFBoardofEducation": {
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"location": "San Francisco",
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"raceDescription": "Top four candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
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"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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{
"candidateName": "Lefteris Eleftheriou",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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},
{
"candidateName": "Jaime Huling",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 168659
},
{
"candidateName": "Ann Hsu",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 81044
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{
"candidateName": "John Jersin",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 122450
},
{
"candidateName": "Parag Gupta",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 139340
},
{
"candidateName": "Matt Alexander",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 122698
},
{
"candidateName": "Supryia Marie Ray",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 127834
},
{
"candidateName": "Virginia Cheung",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 101017
},
{
"candidateName": "Min Chang",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 48550
},
{
"candidateName": "Maddy Krantz",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 33165
}
]
},
"SFCommunityCollegeBoard": {
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"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Community College Board",
"raceDescription": "Top four candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top4",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 823294,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Ruth Ferguson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 114132
},
{
"candidateName": "Leanna C. Louie",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 50353
},
{
"candidateName": "Heather McCarty",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 162477
},
{
"candidateName": "Julio J. Ramos",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 38741
},
{
"candidateName": "Aliya Chisti",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 149638
},
{
"candidateName": "Ben Kaplan",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 49320
},
{
"candidateName": "Alan Wong",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 140951
},
{
"candidateName": "Luis Zamora",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
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]
},
"SFBARTBoardofDirectorsDistrict7": {
"id": "SFBARTBoardofDirectorsDistrict7",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Director, District 7",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat. Includes votes from San Francisco and Alameda County.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 161254,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Victor E. Flores",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 92729
},
{
"candidateName": "Dana Lang",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 68525
}
]
},
"SFBARTBoardofDirectorsDistrict9": {
"id": "SFBARTBoardofDirectorsDistrict9",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District Director, District 9",
"raceDescription": "Top two candidates win seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 137871,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Edward Wright",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 86966
},
{
"candidateName": "Joe Sangirardi",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 50905
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]
},
"SFMeasureA": {
"id": "SFMeasureA",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure A",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 377297,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 282968
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{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"voteCount": 94329
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]
},
"SFMeasureB": {
"id": "SFMeasureB",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure B",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Community health and safety bond. Passes with 2/3 vote. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 376637,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 274187
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"voteCount": 102450
}
]
},
"SFMeasureC": {
"id": "SFMeasureC",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure C",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Inspector General position. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 370366,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 225704
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 144662
}
]
},
"SFMeasureD": {
"id": "SFMeasureD",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure D",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Commissions and mayoral authority. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 366327,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 158723
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 207604
}
]
},
"SFMeasureE": {
"id": "SFMeasureE",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure E",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Commissions task force. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 363854,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 192540
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 171314
}
]
},
"SFMeasureF": {
"id": "SFMeasureF",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure F",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Police pensions. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 361671,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 163835
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 197836
}
]
},
"SFMeasureG": {
"id": "SFMeasureG",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure G",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Affordable housing. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 370824,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 217807
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 153017
}
]
},
"SFMeasureH": {
"id": "SFMeasureH",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure H",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Firefighter pensions. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 365942,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 192601
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 173341
}
]
},
"SFMeasureI": {
"id": "SFMeasureI",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure I",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Nurse and 911 operator pensions. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 363459,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 261318
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 102141
}
]
},
"SFMeasureJ": {
"id": "SFMeasureJ",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure J",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. City spending. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 362785,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 297972
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 64813
}
]
},
"SFMeasureK": {
"id": "SFMeasureK",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure K",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Permanently closing Upper Great Highway to private vehicles. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 376489,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 206042
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 170447
}
]
},
"SFMeasureL": {
"id": "SFMeasureL",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure L",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Transportation network companies tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 369575,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Yes",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 210375
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 159200
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]
},
"SFMeasureM": {
"id": "SFMeasureM",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure M",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Business tax. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 342310,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 237930
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 104380
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]
},
"SFMeasureN": {
"id": "SFMeasureN",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure N",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Student loan reimbursement. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 363432,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 187979
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 175453
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]
},
"SFMeasureO": {
"id": "SFMeasureO",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Measure O",
"raceDescription": "San Francisco. Reproductive rights. Passes with majority vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 373249,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 312914
},
{
"candidateName": "No",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 60335
}
]
},
"SFMayorRound1": {
"id": "SFMayorRound1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "San Francisco Mayor Round 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 390180,
"candidates": [
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 95117
},
{
"candidateName": "Mark Farrell",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 72115
},
{
"candidateName": "Henry Flynn",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1319
},
{
"candidateName": "Keith Freedman",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2079
},
{
"candidateName": "Dylan Hirsch-Shell",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2897
},
{
"candidateName": "Daniel Lurie",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 102720
},
{
"candidateName": "Nelson Mei",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1791
},
{
"candidateName": "Aaron Peskin",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 89215
},
{
"candidateName": "Paul Robertson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 812
},
{
"candidateName": "Ahsha Safai",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11425
},
{
"candidateName": "Shahram Shariati",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1613
},
{
"candidateName": "Jon Soderstrom",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 412
},
{
"candidateName": "Ellen Zhou",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8665
}
]
},
"SFMayorRound3": {
"id": "SFMayorRound3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "San Francisco Mayor Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 331477,
"candidates": [
{
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 149113
},
{
"candidateName": "Mark Farrell (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Henry Flynn (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Keith Freedman (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Dylan Hirsch-Shell (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Daniel Lurie",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 182364
},
{
"candidateName": "Nelson Mei (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Aaron Peskin (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Paul Robertson (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Ahsha Safai (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Shahram Shariati (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Jon Soderstrom (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Ellen Zhou (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict1": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 1 Round One",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 35478,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sherman D'Silva",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 899
},
{
"candidateName": "Marjan Philhour",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14755
},
{
"candidateName": "Connie Chan",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16670
},
{
"candidateName": "Jeremiah Boehner",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1344
},
{
"candidateName": "Jen Nossokoff",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1810
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict1FinalRound": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict1FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 1 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 34299,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sherman D'Silva (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Marjan Philhour",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16499
},
{
"candidateName": "Connie Chan",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 17800
},
{
"candidateName": "Jeremiah Boehner (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Jen Nossokoff (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict3": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict3",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 3 Round One",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 28758,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sharon Lai",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8489
},
{
"candidateName": "Moe Jamil",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 3753
},
{
"candidateName": "Wendy Ha Chau",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1565
},
{
"candidateName": "Eduard Navarro",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 879
},
{
"candidateName": "Danny Sauter",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11272
},
{
"candidateName": "Matthew Susk",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2800
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict3FinalRound": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict3FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 3 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 25568,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sharon Lai",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11512
},
{
"candidateName": "Moe Jamil (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Wendy Ha Chau (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Eduard Navarro (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Danny Sauter",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14056
},
{
"candidateName": "Matthew Susk (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict5": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result reflects redistributed votes. The results of the instant runoff will change as more first-choice votes are counted.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 29698,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Autumn Hope Looijen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2606
},
{
"candidateName": "Bilal Mahmood",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11840
},
{
"candidateName": "Scotty Jacobs",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2796
},
{
"candidateName": "Allen Jones",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 444
},
{
"candidateName": "Dean Preston",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12012
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict5FinalRound": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict5FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 5 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 27818,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Autumn Hope Looijen (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Bilal Mahmood",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14741
},
{
"candidateName": "Scotty Jacobs (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Allen Jones (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Dean Preston",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13077
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict7": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict7",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 7 Round One",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 37318,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Myrna Melgar",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 17532
},
{
"candidateName": "Stephen Martin-Pinto",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5135
},
{
"candidateName": "Edward S. Yee",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1244
},
{
"candidateName": "Matt Boschetto",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13407
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict7FinalRound": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict7FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 7 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 35412,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Myrna Melgar",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 18916
},
{
"candidateName": "Stephen Martin-Pinto (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Edward S. Yee (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Matt Boschetto",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 16496
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict9": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict9",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 9 Round One",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 32731,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jackie Fielder",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 13844
},
{
"candidateName": "Stephen Jon Torres",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1140
},
{
"candidateName": "Roberto Hernandez",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 6606
},
{
"candidateName": "Jaime Gutierrez",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 931
},
{
"candidateName": "Trevor Chandler",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 9042
},
{
"candidateName": "Julian Bermudez",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 600
},
{
"candidateName": "H. Brown",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 568
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict9FinalRound": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict9FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 9 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 29409,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Jackie Fielder",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 17546
},
{
"candidateName": "Stephen Jon Torres (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Roberto Hernandez (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Jaime Gutierrez (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Trevor Chandler",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11863
},
{
"candidateName": "Julian Bermudez (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "H. Brown (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict11": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict11",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 11 First Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This result only reflects voters’ first-choice candidate. If votes are redistributed in an instant runoff, they are not reflected in this result.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 27928,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Oscar Flores",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 2896
},
{
"candidateName": "Michael Lai",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8675
},
{
"candidateName": "Roger Marenco",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 604
},
{
"candidateName": "Jose Morales",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 629
},
{
"candidateName": "Ernest “EJ” Jones",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 5441
},
{
"candidateName": "Adlah Chisti",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1434
},
{
"candidateName": "Chyanne Chen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 8249
}
]
},
"SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict11FinalRound": {
"id": "SFBoardofSupervisorsDistrict11FinalRound",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Board of Supervisors, District 11 Final Round",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. This is the latest ranked choice data provided by the Department of Elections office.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 23804,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Oscar Flores (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Michael Lai",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11803
},
{
"candidateName": "Roger Marenco (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Jose Morales (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Ernest “EJ” Jones (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Adlah Chisti (eliminated)",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 0
},
{
"candidateName": "Chyanne Chen",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 12001
}
]
},
"SFCityAttorney": {
"id": "SFCityAttorney",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "City Attorney ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 329174,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "David Chiu",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 272857
},
{
"candidateName": "Richard T. Woon",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 56317
}
]
},
"SFDistrictAttorney": {
"id": "SFDistrictAttorney",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "District Attorney",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 347374,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Brooke Jenkins ",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 228999
},
{
"candidateName": "Ryan Khojasteh",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 118375
}
]
},
"SFSheriff": {
"id": "SFSheriff",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Sheriff ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 314864,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Michael Juan",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 63768
},
{
"candidateName": "Paul Miyamoto",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 251096
}
]
},
"SFTreasurer": {
"id": "SFTreasurer",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Francisco",
"raceName": "Treasurer ",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat. ",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:55 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 300411,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "José Cisneros",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 300411
}
]
},
"SMCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea4": {
"id": "SMCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea4",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "County Board of Education, Trustee Area 4",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 36397,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Priya Hays",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 10568
},
{
"candidateName": "Chelsea Bonini",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 25829
}
]
},
"SMCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea5": {
"id": "SMCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea5",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "County Board of Education, Trustee Area 5",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 41938,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Maurice Goodman",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 14615
},
{
"candidateName": "Mike O’Neill",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 27323
}
]
},
"SMCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea6": {
"id": "SMCountyBoardofEducationTrusteeArea6",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "County Board of Education, Trustee Area 6",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 39921,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Patricia Love",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 28085
},
{
"candidateName": "Ester Adut",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 11836
}
]
},
"SMSanMateoCountyCommunityCollegeDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeArea1": {
"id": "SMSanMateoCountyCommunityCollegeDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeArea1",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "San Mateo County Community College District, Governing Board, Trustee Area 1",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 64091,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Keith Holden",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 20270
},
{
"candidateName": "Lisa A. Petrides",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 43821
}
]
},
"SMCabrilloUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeAreaB": {
"id": "SMCabrilloUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeAreaB",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "Cabrillo Unified School District, Governing Board, Trustee Area B",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 2539,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Breanna Lafontaine",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1614
},
{
"candidateName": "Glenn Wilson",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 925
}
]
},
"SMCabrilloUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeAreaD": {
"id": "SMCabrilloUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeAreaD",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "Cabrillo Unified School District, Governing Board, Trustee Area D",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 2588,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Sophia Layne",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 847
},
{
"candidateName": "Peter Cerneka",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1741
}
]
},
"SMSouthSanFranciscoUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeAreaA": {
"id": "SMSouthSanFranciscoUnifiedSchoolDistrictGoverningBoardTrusteeAreaA",
"type": "localRace",
"location": "San Mateo",
"raceName": "South San Francisco Unified School District, Governing Board, Trustee Area A",
"raceDescription": "Top candidate wins seat.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "top1",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
"totalVotes": 5144,
"candidates": [
{
"candidateName": "Patricia “Pat” Murray",
"candidateIncumbent": true,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 4019
},
{
"candidateName": "Samuel M. Chetcuti",
"candidateIncumbent": false,
"candidateParty": "",
"voteCount": 1125
}
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidateIncumbent": false,
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
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"raceReadTheStory": "",
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"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"location": "San Mateo",
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"raceDescription": "Broadmoor Police Protection District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.",
"raceReadTheStory": "",
"raceType": "yesNo",
"timeUpdated": "7:16 PM",
"dateUpdated": "Dec 3, 2024",
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"candidates": [
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