Interview with Astronomer Jill Tarter, Part I (web only)
Interview with Astronomer Jill Tarter, Part II (web only)
SETI: The New Search for ET
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"disqusTitle": "Should SETI Stop Looking?",
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"headTitle": "QUEST | KQED Science",
"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/is-it-time-for-seti-to-stop-looking\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/radio5-31_array300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>The Allen Telescope Array near Redding, California\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes a certain type of person to devote an entire career to chasing something she'’ll probably never find. One such person is Jill Tarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarter is the director for SETI Research at the SETI institute in Mountain View, California. She’s also the inspiration for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmSYXbgcozY\">Jodi Foster character\u003c/a> in the 1997 movie Contact, based on the book by Carl Sagan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In real life, Jill Tarter’s career at SETI has been a lot less momentous. In her 60s now, with her gray hair in a short, no-nonsense cut, Tarter says she knows she may not hear a signal from intelligent extra-terrestrials in her lifetime. “I don’t know whether anyone will ever find a signal,” she says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted #cecece;height:20px;margin-bottom:10px\"> \u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[audio:http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/quest/2011/05/2011-05-09-quest.mp3]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the QUEST radio story \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/is-it-time-for-seti-to-stop-looking\">Is it Time for SETI to Stop Looking?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted #cecece;height:20px;margin-bottom:10px\"> \u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Back when Tarter joined SETI, the project was funded by NASA. But that support ended in 1993. Since then, she and others have spent almost as much time searching for money as they have searching for ET. Three years ago, SETI celebrated what felt like a turning point: the opening of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/seti-the-new-search-for-et\">Allen Telescope Array\u003c/a>, near Redding, California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SETI's powerful new tool\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the Allen Array, Tarter and other SETI scientists took their equipment around the world, borrowing time from telescopes owned by other institutions. But with Allen, which was \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/ata\">constructed \u003c/a>with money from Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen and is jointly managed with the University of California, Berkeley, SETI scientists could scan the skies full-time, hoping a clear, tell-tale radio signal would distinguish itself from the universe’s background hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We look,” says Tarter, “for signals that are compressed in frequency. Because nature doesn’t do that, technology does.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarter is the first to admit that this may never work. She says SETI is searching the cosmic haystack for a needle that might not even exist. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Zuckerman, a professor of astronomy at UCLA, is skeptical humans will ever find intelligent extra-terrestrials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Frankly I don’t think technological ETs exist in our Milky Way galaxy,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.astrosociety.org/pubs/mercury/31_05/zuckerman.html\">says Zuckerman\u003c/a>. “Or if they do, they’re very, very scarce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerman didn’t always feel this way. In grad school, he studied with Carl Sagan. He even worked on some of the early radio searches back in the 1970s. But then he started to have doubts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there are so many technological civilizations out there, and they’re so far in advance of our own technological civilization, then why haven’t they found us?” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the problem of timing. If intelligent ETs are out there, what are the odds that their signals would reach Earth at the precise moment in cosmic history that we happen to be listening? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NASA's Kepler Mission delivers new targets\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, something happened that gave critics new hope: \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html\">NASA’s Kepler Mission\u003c/a>, a program designed to survey the Milky Way galaxy in search of Earth-size and smaller planets, delivered its results. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kepler \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/02/11/kepler%E2%80%99s-smokin%E2%80%99-performance-zero-to-68-in-4-months/\">found what it was looking for\u003c/a>: More than a thousand planets orbiting distant stars like our sun. Dozens of them are thought to be roughly Earth-sized. Of those, some may turn out to have climates that could be hospitable to life. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dimitar Sasselov directs Harvard’s Origins of Life Initiative and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ted.com/talks/dimitar_sasselov_how_we_found_hundreds_of_potential_earth_like_planets.html\">is also a member of the Kepler team\u003c/a>. He says Kepler has given SETI something it never had before: targets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where we should be looking for the signals coming from other civilizations,” says Sasselov, referring to the so-called Kepler planets. “SETI is already in possession of this list.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of April, that list has been filed away for future use. SETI’s Allen Telescope Array is \u003ca href=\"http://archive.seti.org/pdfs/ATA-hibernation.pdf\">officially in “hibernation.”\u003c/a> Tight budgets at the state and federal level have left UC Berkeley without enough money to operate the telescopes. Sasselov says it’s a shame. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is our only shot to listen for such signals,” he says. “When the array is down, we are blind and we are deaf.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> The \"longest long shot\" \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jill Tarter says it would cost $5 million and two years to systematically go through the Kepler planets, listening for radio signals produced by an intelligent civilization. She’s looking for private money to make it happen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Ben Zuckerman, the UCLA skeptic, believes that’s a small price to pay. “Given that the costs are not very high,” he says, “why not continue the search?” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerman says it’s a long shot. Maybe the longest long shot in the history of science. But the payoff?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The payoff, one could argue, is the most important science discovery of all time.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are hundreds of billions of stars in our Milky Way galaxy alone, and hundreds of billions of galaxies. Tarter says someday, it may make sense to stop looking, to come to what she calls the “extraordinary conclusion” that we really are alone. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It isn’t an impossible conclusion,” says Tarter. “That may be the answer. But it certainly isn’t time to draw that conclusion. Let’s search a little more. A lot more, actually.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 40.791111 -121.504722\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Of all the questions in science, few have haunted humans as persistently as this: Are we alone? For more than 50 years, scientists have listened for a signal from intelligent life on other planets... and come up empty. Now, they're running short of money. Is it time to give up?",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/is-it-time-for-seti-to-stop-looking\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/radio5-31_array300.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003cem>The Allen Telescope Array near Redding, California\u003c/em>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes a certain type of person to devote an entire career to chasing something she'’ll probably never find. One such person is Jill Tarter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarter is the director for SETI Research at the SETI institute in Mountain View, California. She’s also the inspiration for the \u003ca href=\"http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TmSYXbgcozY\">Jodi Foster character\u003c/a> in the 1997 movie Contact, based on the book by Carl Sagan.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In real life, Jill Tarter’s career at SETI has been a lot less momentous. In her 60s now, with her gray hair in a short, no-nonsense cut, Tarter says she knows she may not hear a signal from intelligent extra-terrestrials in her lifetime. “I don’t know whether anyone will ever find a signal,” she says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted #cecece;height:20px;margin-bottom:10px\"> \u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Listen to the QUEST radio story \u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/audio/is-it-time-for-seti-to-stop-looking\">Is it Time for SETI to Stop Looking?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv style=\"border-bottom:1px dotted #cecece;height:20px;margin-bottom:10px\"> \u003c/div>\n\u003cp>Back when Tarter joined SETI, the project was funded by NASA. But that support ended in 1993. Since then, she and others have spent almost as much time searching for money as they have searching for ET. Three years ago, SETI celebrated what felt like a turning point: the opening of the \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/video/seti-the-new-search-for-et\">Allen Telescope Array\u003c/a>, near Redding, California. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>SETI's powerful new tool\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the Allen Array, Tarter and other SETI scientists took their equipment around the world, borrowing time from telescopes owned by other institutions. But with Allen, which was \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/ata\">constructed \u003c/a>with money from Microsoft co-founder Paul Allen and is jointly managed with the University of California, Berkeley, SETI scientists could scan the skies full-time, hoping a clear, tell-tale radio signal would distinguish itself from the universe’s background hiss.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We look,” says Tarter, “for signals that are compressed in frequency. Because nature doesn’t do that, technology does.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tarter is the first to admit that this may never work. She says SETI is searching the cosmic haystack for a needle that might not even exist. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ben Zuckerman, a professor of astronomy at UCLA, is skeptical humans will ever find intelligent extra-terrestrials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Frankly I don’t think technological ETs exist in our Milky Way galaxy,” \u003ca href=\"http://www.astrosociety.org/pubs/mercury/31_05/zuckerman.html\">says Zuckerman\u003c/a>. “Or if they do, they’re very, very scarce.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerman didn’t always feel this way. In grad school, he studied with Carl Sagan. He even worked on some of the early radio searches back in the 1970s. But then he started to have doubts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If there are so many technological civilizations out there, and they’re so far in advance of our own technological civilization, then why haven’t they found us?” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then there’s the problem of timing. If intelligent ETs are out there, what are the odds that their signals would reach Earth at the precise moment in cosmic history that we happen to be listening? \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>NASA's Kepler Mission delivers new targets\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Recently, something happened that gave critics new hope: \u003ca href=\"http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/kepler/main/index.html\">NASA’s Kepler Mission\u003c/a>, a program designed to survey the Milky Way galaxy in search of Earth-size and smaller planets, delivered its results. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Kepler \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/02/11/kepler%E2%80%99s-smokin%E2%80%99-performance-zero-to-68-in-4-months/\">found what it was looking for\u003c/a>: More than a thousand planets orbiting distant stars like our sun. Dozens of them are thought to be roughly Earth-sized. Of those, some may turn out to have climates that could be hospitable to life. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dimitar Sasselov directs Harvard’s Origins of Life Initiative and \u003ca href=\"http://www.ted.com/talks/dimitar_sasselov_how_we_found_hundreds_of_potential_earth_like_planets.html\">is also a member of the Kepler team\u003c/a>. He says Kepler has given SETI something it never had before: targets. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is where we should be looking for the signals coming from other civilizations,” says Sasselov, referring to the so-called Kepler planets. “SETI is already in possession of this list.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of April, that list has been filed away for future use. SETI’s Allen Telescope Array is \u003ca href=\"http://archive.seti.org/pdfs/ATA-hibernation.pdf\">officially in “hibernation.”\u003c/a> Tight budgets at the state and federal level have left UC Berkeley without enough money to operate the telescopes. Sasselov says it’s a shame. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is our only shot to listen for such signals,” he says. “When the array is down, we are blind and we are deaf.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong> The \"longest long shot\" \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jill Tarter says it would cost $5 million and two years to systematically go through the Kepler planets, listening for radio signals produced by an intelligent civilization. She’s looking for private money to make it happen. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even Ben Zuckerman, the UCLA skeptic, believes that’s a small price to pay. “Given that the costs are not very high,” he says, “why not continue the search?” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Zuckerman says it’s a long shot. Maybe the longest long shot in the history of science. But the payoff?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The payoff, one could argue, is the most important science discovery of all time.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are hundreds of billions of stars in our Milky Way galaxy alone, and hundreds of billions of galaxies. Tarter says someday, it may make sense to stop looking, to come to what she calls the “extraordinary conclusion” that we really are alone. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It isn’t an impossible conclusion,” says Tarter. “That may be the answer. But it certainly isn’t time to draw that conclusion. Let’s search a little more. A lot more, actually.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 40.791111 -121.504722\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cspan class=\"left\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/wp-content/uploads/sites/39/2011/05/ATA_pix2.jpg\">\u003cem>The Allen Telescope Array (ATA) at Hat Creek Radio\u003cbr> Observatory. Credit: SETI Institute\u003c/em>\u003c/span>Imagine: ET, sitting at the controls of a giant radio telescope on an alien world, methodically probing one star, then the next, listening…listening, because ET thinks that if civilization exists on her world, it may exist on another—if only she could hear the radio chatter of that would-be civilization. One star, then another, then another. All's quiet; no radio leakage from global broadcasts, no tightly beamed message aimed at the cosmos declaring, \"I'm here! Are you, too?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c!--more-->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ET turns the antenna once more, this time to a small, distant, yellow sun (the one we Earthlings call Sol). Reaching for the button labeled \"receive,\" ET is suddenly interrupted by her supervisor. The order: \"Shut down; we just ran out of money.\" Reluctantly, ET turns off the radio dish, wondering wistfully if that little yellow sun might have been \"the one\"….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Disclaimer: This has been a blog dramatization. There is no actual danger to the people of Planet Earth. Do not panic….\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now turn the story around: No alien scientist with research budget constraints, but rather the operational shutdown, or \"hibernation,\" of the \u003ca href=\"http://www.seti.org/page.aspx?pid=1581\">SETI Institute's Allen Telescope Array (ATA)\u003c/a>, operated by the University of California Berkeley, due to State funding cuts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The SETI Institute has been around a while now, pointing radio dishes at stars and listening for signals of non-natural origin. If you've seen the movie Contact (at least, the first half hour or so), you get the idea of what they do—and also how funding, or scarcity thereof, figures into their work. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trying to detect and discriminate the radio transmissions from a civilization in another star system is a bit like trying to hear a whisper from across a noisy room, hence the need for a sensitive listening device like the ATA. The ATA is an array of radio telescopes at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.hcro.org/\">Hat Creek Radio Observatory \u003c/a>in Northern California built to conduct high-resolution radio astronomy observations of cosmic events and objects, as well as to listen for the radio broadcasts of any alien civilizations that might be within hearing distance of Earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A couple of things make the ATA the most powerful tool in the search for extraterrestrial intelligence yet constructed. One is the collective size of radio dishes. Each dish isn't particularly large as radio telescopes go, but the plan is for as many as 350 linked dishes to make one giant radio \"ear\". Also, advancements in electronic and computing technologies give the ATA increased sensitivity and data processing speed . \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the question as to whether other civilizations (or life) even exist has not been answered, the ATA is capable of making the detection, particularly if such a civilization were in our stellar neighborhood…and \u003ca href=\"http://www.setileague.org/general/drake.htm\">frankly\u003c/a>, this would be one of the greatest discoveries in all of history…\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>…but that's all on hold until a few million dollars of operating cash can be found.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>ATA's hibernation came at a particularly unfortunate moment. As compelling as SETI's search was before, the recent discovery of over \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/quest/2011/02/11/kepler%E2%80%99s-smokin%E2%80%99-performance-zero-to-68-in-4-months/\">1,200 candidate extrasolar planets \u003c/a>(exoplanets) by \u003ca href=\"http://kepler.nasa.gov/\">NASA's Kepler \u003c/a>mission has produced a list of highly desirable targets for the ATA. A number of the candidate worlds are of Earth-like stature, and a number of those dwell within their stars' habitable zones—potentially prime spots for life to have formed…and who knows, intelligence?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Should we actually hear the weak radio (or television!) signal of an extraterrestrial world—either inadvertent signal leakage, like ET's version of I Love Lucy, or a direct broadcast aimed at the cosmos with a message like \"Hello out there!\"—that would be a transformational day for the human race, the day we learn that there's not only life out there, but other intelligence, other thinkers. That would be a far bigger deal than discovering microbes on Mars…. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what would we hear? What would ET say? Would we be able to understand the language spoken? Would the discovery be any less monumental if we couldn't?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What we would hear from ET might be similar to what we'd say to her. Beyond the accidental leakage of our radio and television broadcasts, what would our message be? \u003cem>Hello, here we are. Anyone out there? Eh? Bueller? Bueller?\u003c/em> But the nature of interstellar distances means we'd have to wait tens, or hundreds, or even thousands of years to hear any response to the query. It makes more practical sense just to listen….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for ET hearing our own broadcasts, in the time since we started making them the \"bubble\" of transmissions has swept out through our stellar neighborhood, out to a distance of about 70 light years at this point, which encompasses hundreds of stars and, as we now know, hundreds of exoplanets….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hopefully the hibernation of the ATA is only a temporary pause, and SETI will soon get back to the job of putting Earth's big ear to the candidate Kepler worlds and listen intently for that world-changing whisper….\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> 37.8148 -122.178\u003c/p>\n\n",
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},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
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"order": 1
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"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"meta": {
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
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