#Digital Landfill

Anyone who has been mushroom hunting will be familiar with the experience of walking for hours and not seeing a single specimen. Yet the minute you locate your first mushroom, they suddenly appear everywhere. Known interchangeably as the Baader-Meinhof phenomenon and the frequency illusion, such shifts in perception are the result of our brain’s extraordinary capacity to spot and interpret patterns.

Once we notice something, we’re much more likely to take note when we come across it again. Without realizing it, we’ve had a shift in consciousness.

For tech entrepreneur Jeff Kirschner, this phenomenon may hold the key to solving a uniquely modern problem -- litter. It all started when he took a walk in the woods with his children.

“My daughter noticed a plastic tub of kitty litter in a creek. ‘Daaaaddy, that doesn't go there.’ That was an eye-opening moment for me,” Kirschner said. “We have become desensitized to trash. Litter is so ubiquitous that for most of us it just fades into the background.”

Our culture’s tendency to litter has wide-reaching consequences. According to a recent study over 75 percent of us admit to littering.

So what’s the big deal? When litter doesn't make it to a recycling  center or trash bin, it ends up in the natural world. For example, a Plymouth University study found that one-third of fish caught in the English Channel were contaminated with microplastics in their intestinal tracts, something to think about over your next plate of fish and chips! Because we humans sit toward the top of the food chain, any contamination of fish or animals eventually works its way back up to us.

Kirschner started thinking about how technology might make a difference, and the result was Litterati, a new kind of social network based on a shared determination to see and take responsibility for the mess that we have created.

“I was reminded of being a kid at summer camp,” he said. “Our director would instruct us to each pick up five pieces of trash. Suddenly you had 200 kids each picking up five pieces, and within a few minutes we had a much cleaner camp. So my idea was to apply that same crowdsource-cleaning behavior to the entire planet. That was the inspiration for Litterati.”

Using smart phones, Litterati users take photos of trash. They share them via Instagram using the hashtag #litterati, and then they dispose of the trash responsibly. The result is an ever-growing “virtual landfill,” which serves as a striking reminder of just how much we waste as a culture.

As a recent recruit, I can attest that the experience is surprisingly addictive, and I can report a distinct shift in perception. Once you start photographing cigarette packets on the sidewalk or Coke cans in a ditch, you also start noticing what else is being thrown away -- old bandages, store receipts, condoms, beer cans -- and you are confronted with an unavoidable realization.

This stuff is literally everywhere.

Litterati doesn’t just help us see litter -- it also empowers users to do something about it. By creating a community of like-minded activists, Litterati helps normalize the act of picking up other people’s trash. Crucially, by mapping where litter is occurring and what it consists of, it also creates an important feedback loop for companies and municipalities to better understand the scope of the problem and to take more effective action.

As Kirschner explained, the site has already attracted some productive partnerships, “Last year on Earth Day we partnered with Whole Foods. Anyone who picked up one piece of litter could show their Litterati photograph and get a free cup of coffee. During this year's California Coastal Cleanup we partnered with the California Coastal Commission and Chipotle and ran a photo contest. And this past month we ran a contest with the NRDC (Natural Resources Defense Council) to help fight plastic pollution.”

Where Litterati goes from here remains to be seen. It has already garnered attention from media outlets like USA Today, and there are ideas to “gamify” the platform to encourage friendly competition among users and even communities. Kirschner enthusiastically imagines a competitive Litterati-empowered trash pickup among communities across the world.

Ultimately, though, Kirschner insisted that Litterati is about cooperation, not competition, and taking positive action, not pointing fingers.

“Our goal is to create a “litter-free world,” he said, “but I’m well aware that picking up litter doesn’t solve our trash problem. It does serve to shift consciousness, though, and we can use that newfound consciousness to inspire action from our neighbors, our communities, our governments, and the corporations we buy from, too.”