She Grew Up Believing She Was a US Citizen. Then She Applied for a Passport
The Real ID Deadline Is May 7 — but It's Unclear if It'll Be Immediately Enforced
You Can Now Renew Your Passport Online — With a Few Exceptions
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\">More than 170 American citizens\u003c/a> have been detained during raids by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, as well as during protests, according to an October investigation by \u003cem>ProPublica\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the detained were nearly 20 children. In some cases, citizens have been held for 24 hours without being able to call a lawyer or a loved one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of potential legal recourse, the threat of mistakenly being taken into ICE detention — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047506/searching-for-a-loved-one-in-ice-custody-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">potentially disappearing into labyrinthine immigration custody\u003c/a> — has \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskUS/comments/1m0w113/how_many_of_you_are_carrying_your_us_passport/\">some\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@imalawyerinreallife/video/7463630715998162222\">U.S. citizens\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/16/us/immigration-citizens-carrying-passports\">wondering\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/immigration/comments/1i8n698/lpt_us_citizens_who_are_brown_should_carry_their/\">online\u003c/a> if they should carry their passport or other documents with them to prove their citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\">the 50 American citizens \u003cem>ProPublica\u003c/em> found who were held \u003cem>after\u003c/em> immigration agents questioned their citizenship\u003c/a>, almost all were Latino. This fall, a Supreme Court decision allows \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/25a169_5h25.pdf\">immigration agents to consider race\u003c/a> during sweeps in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So amid the efforts of President Donald Trump’s administration to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060135/families-once-torn-apart-at-border-face-renewed-threat-of-separation\">ramp up\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058936/masking-bill-fuels-california-legal-battle-over-federal-immigration-agents\">immigration enforcement\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/ice-memo-deportation-due-process-six-hours-rcna218745\">across the country\u003c/a> this year, what do legal experts and advocates say about how U.S. citizens can protect themselves — and whether carrying proof of citizenship is a good idea?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Do U.S. citizens have to carry their documents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Richard Boswell, law professor at UC Law School, San Francisco, called it “most troubling” that U.S. citizens should be considering carrying proof of citizenship in this context, and that “there is no reason why government officers can or should be questioning people about their citizenship without any reason to suspect that they are non-citizens who are here unlawfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the same time, I understand the practical warning about carrying the original of one’s passport as a way of making it less likely that you will be arrested,” Boswell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thomas Giles, Field Office Director, center, talks to a raiding party agent after a raid to arrest an illegal immigrant with a criminal record on Thursday, Sept. 8, 2022, in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Irfan Khan/Los Angeles Times/ Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But “if they have evidence that I have broken the law or that I am a non-citizen in the US in violation, the law places the burden on [an immigration officer] to have that evidence before they arrest me,” Boswell said. “I don’t have the legal obligation to give them that information in advance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This very question — of whether U.S. citizens should need to prove their status — highlights the gulf between what \u003cem>should \u003c/em>happen according to the law and what’s actually happening on the ground, said Bree Bernwanger, a senior attorney at ACLU NorCal.[aside postID=news_12025647 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/CBPSanYsidro-1180x787.jpg']“There is no legal requirement that U.S. citizens carry papers or have proof of their citizenship on them,” Bernwanger said. “There shouldn’t be a reason to have to carry your papers, because immigration agents aren’t supposed to stop people or detain them,” unless they have reasonable suspicion that the individual is unlawfully in the U.S., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, citizens may choose to make practical decisions around carrying documentation anyway, Bernwanger said, because of “our immigration agencies that are violating the law here and that are causing this anxiety and concern and confusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People just kind of have to make their own decisions about what they’re comfortable with in the face of this lawless enforcement,” Bernwanger said. “And that’s not fair.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saira Hussain, a senior staff attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, told \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/proof-of-citizenship-trump-deportations_l_680675f2e4b066a6887ab2f0\">the Huffington Post\u003c/a> that U.S. citizens picked up by ICE “have a very strong civil rights suit because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/supreme-courts-decision-racial-profiling-immigration-raids/\">the racial profiling\u003c/a> involved and the detention that would be involved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Homeland Security did not respond to KQED’s request for comment. When contacted for comment by the reporters of October’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\">\u003cem>ProPublica\u003c/em> investigation\u003c/a>, DHS claimed that agents do not racially profile or target Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have said it a million times: ICE does NOT arrest or deport U.S. citizens,” Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin said \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/10/01/dhs-debunks-new-york-times-false-reporting-dhs-does-not-deport-us-citizens\">in response\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/29/us/trump-immigration-agents-us-citizens.html\">a \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that featured stories of detained Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What kind of documentation could someone potentially use to prove their citizenship?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Proof of \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/citizenship-evidence.html\">citizenship documents\u003c/a> include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>U.S. passport\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/need-passport/card.html\">U.S. passport card\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/w2w/index.htm\">U.S. birth certificate\u003c/a> that has been issued by the city, county, or state of birth\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad/birth.html\">Consular Report of Birth Abroad\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.usa.gov/certificate-citizenship-naturalization\">Certificate of Naturalization\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.usa.gov/certificate-citizenship-naturalization\">Certificate of Citizenship\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>A Real ID does not prove citizenship, but it does prove your identity, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/what-is-real-id/real-id-info-non-u-s-citizens/\">only immigrants with legal status in the U.S. can obtain one\u003c/a>. However, there have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/ice-detained-us-citizen-immigration-crackdown-lawsuit-rcna238744\">reports of ICE agents refusing to accept\u003c/a> this form of ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a person does decide to carry their actual, original documentation with them — like a passport — Bernwanger warned there’s a risk that ICE or CBP officers may confiscate it, or that your document could be otherwise lost in the confusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a real risk that if you are stopped, if you’re detained, if you were arrested — even if it’s unlawful — that your documents will be held,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H1B visa issued Nov. 25, 2020. KQED’s Forum spoke to experts about how H-1B visa holders in the Bay Area are reacting to the latest White House order. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/mario.smith.549/videos/4124931194388551/\">alternative that’s being discussed\u003c/a> online could be carrying a legible copy of your passport or other proof of citizenship. Even a black and white photocopy of your passport’s photo page or \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/need-passport/card.html\">your passport card\u003c/a> should be able to accomplish that, Bernwanger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about having a photo of your documentation on your phone, to potentially show an immigration officer? Again, Boswell stressed the need for that officer to have evidence that a person is unlawfully present in the U.S. — and cautioned that even just unlocking your phone to show your proof of citizenship “could be viewed as permission [for an officer] to go rummaging through it in search of other things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Do non-citizens have to carry documentation with them?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unlike citizens, U.S. law said that non-citizen immigrants \u003cem>should \u003c/em>actually carry documentation of their legal status in the country with them at all times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants with work authorization should carry documentation like a green card or an I-94 with them — and this should be their actual, original documentation, Bernwanger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Should I have multiple copies of my documentation anyway?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Given what Bernwanger called the “real risk that documents will be confiscated during encounters with immigration agents just based on what we’ve seen elsewhere,” she recommended that citizens and non-citizens alike should make multiple, clear copies of their immigration documentation and store them securely at home in a place they can be quickly located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernwanger also advised you to “leave copies with your trusted family members,” who could then provide them in the event that you are detained by immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to reflect that of the 50 American citizens \u003c/em>ProPublica \u003cem>found who were held after immigration agents questioned their citizenship, almost all were Latino.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\">More than 170 American citizens\u003c/a> have been detained during raids by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, as well as during protests, according to an October investigation by \u003cem>ProPublica\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the detained were nearly 20 children. In some cases, citizens have been held for 24 hours without being able to call a lawyer or a loved one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Regardless of potential legal recourse, the threat of mistakenly being taken into ICE detention — and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047506/searching-for-a-loved-one-in-ice-custody-heres-what-you-need-to-know\">potentially disappearing into labyrinthine immigration custody\u003c/a> — has \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/AskUS/comments/1m0w113/how_many_of_you_are_carrying_your_us_passport/\">some\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.tiktok.com/@imalawyerinreallife/video/7463630715998162222\">U.S. citizens\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2019/08/16/us/immigration-citizens-carrying-passports\">wondering\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/immigration/comments/1i8n698/lpt_us_citizens_who_are_brown_should_carry_their/\">online\u003c/a> if they should carry their passport or other documents with them to prove their citizenship.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Of \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\">the 50 American citizens \u003cem>ProPublica\u003c/em> found who were held \u003cem>after\u003c/em> immigration agents questioned their citizenship\u003c/a>, almost all were Latino. This fall, a Supreme Court decision allows \u003ca href=\"https://www.supremecourt.gov/opinions/24pdf/25a169_5h25.pdf\">immigration agents to consider race\u003c/a> during sweeps in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So amid the efforts of President Donald Trump’s administration to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12060135/families-once-torn-apart-at-border-face-renewed-threat-of-separation\">ramp up\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12058936/masking-bill-fuels-california-legal-battle-over-federal-immigration-agents\">immigration enforcement\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/ice-memo-deportation-due-process-six-hours-rcna218745\">across the country\u003c/a> this year, what do legal experts and advocates say about how U.S. citizens can protect themselves — and whether carrying proof of citizenship is a good idea?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Do U.S. citizens have to carry their documents?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Richard Boswell, law professor at UC Law School, San Francisco, called it “most troubling” that U.S. citizens should be considering carrying proof of citizenship in this context, and that “there is no reason why government officers can or should be questioning people about their citizenship without any reason to suspect that they are non-citizens who are here unlawfully.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the same time, I understand the practical warning about carrying the original of one’s passport as a way of making it less likely that you will be arrested,” Boswell said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054806\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054806\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-1243312873_NEWS-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Thomas Giles, Field Office Director, center, talks to a raiding party agent after a raid to arrest an illegal immigrant with a criminal record on Thursday, Sept. 8, 2022, in Los Angeles. \u003ccite>(Irfan Khan/Los Angeles Times/ Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But “if they have evidence that I have broken the law or that I am a non-citizen in the US in violation, the law places the burden on [an immigration officer] to have that evidence before they arrest me,” Boswell said. “I don’t have the legal obligation to give them that information in advance.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This very question — of whether U.S. citizens should need to prove their status — highlights the gulf between what \u003cem>should \u003c/em>happen according to the law and what’s actually happening on the ground, said Bree Bernwanger, a senior attorney at ACLU NorCal.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There is no legal requirement that U.S. citizens carry papers or have proof of their citizenship on them,” Bernwanger said. “There shouldn’t be a reason to have to carry your papers, because immigration agents aren’t supposed to stop people or detain them,” unless they have reasonable suspicion that the individual is unlawfully in the U.S., she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, citizens may choose to make practical decisions around carrying documentation anyway, Bernwanger said, because of “our immigration agencies that are violating the law here and that are causing this anxiety and concern and confusion.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People just kind of have to make their own decisions about what they’re comfortable with in the face of this lawless enforcement,” Bernwanger said. “And that’s not fair.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Saira Hussain, a senior staff attorney at the Electronic Frontier Foundation, told \u003ca href=\"https://www.huffpost.com/entry/proof-of-citizenship-trump-deportations_l_680675f2e4b066a6887ab2f0\">the Huffington Post\u003c/a> that U.S. citizens picked up by ICE “have a very strong civil rights suit because of \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/supreme-courts-decision-racial-profiling-immigration-raids/\">the racial profiling\u003c/a> involved and the detention that would be involved.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Homeland Security did not respond to KQED’s request for comment. When contacted for comment by the reporters of October’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.propublica.org/article/immigration-dhs-american-citizens-arrested-detained-against-will\">\u003cem>ProPublica\u003c/em> investigation\u003c/a>, DHS claimed that agents do not racially profile or target Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have said it a million times: ICE does NOT arrest or deport U.S. citizens,” Assistant Secretary Tricia McLaughlin said \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/news/2025/10/01/dhs-debunks-new-york-times-false-reporting-dhs-does-not-deport-us-citizens\">in response\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/09/29/us/trump-immigration-agents-us-citizens.html\">a \u003cem>New York Times\u003c/em>\u003c/a> that featured stories of detained Americans.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What kind of documentation could someone potentially use to prove their citizenship?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Proof of \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/how-apply/citizenship-evidence.html\">citizenship documents\u003c/a> include:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>U.S. passport\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/need-passport/card.html\">U.S. passport card\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/w2w/index.htm\">U.S. birth certificate\u003c/a> that has been issued by the city, county, or state of birth\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/en/international-travel/living-abroad/birth.html\">Consular Report of Birth Abroad\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.usa.gov/certificate-citizenship-naturalization\">Certificate of Naturalization\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.usa.gov/certificate-citizenship-naturalization\">Certificate of Citizenship\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>A Real ID does not prove citizenship, but it does prove your identity, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.dmv.ca.gov/portal/driver-licenses-identification-cards/real-id/what-is-real-id/real-id-info-non-u-s-citizens/\">only immigrants with legal status in the U.S. can obtain one\u003c/a>. However, there have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.msnbc.com/opinion/msnbc-opinion/ice-detained-us-citizen-immigration-crackdown-lawsuit-rcna238744\">reports of ICE agents refusing to accept\u003c/a> this form of ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If a person does decide to carry their actual, original documentation with them — like a passport — Bernwanger warned there’s a risk that ICE or CBP officers may confiscate it, or that your document could be otherwise lost in the confusion.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is a real risk that if you are stopped, if you’re detained, if you were arrested — even if it’s unlawful — that your documents will be held,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H1B visa issued Nov. 25, 2020. KQED’s Forum spoke to experts about how H-1B visa holders in the Bay Area are reacting to the latest White House order. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>An \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/mario.smith.549/videos/4124931194388551/\">alternative that’s being discussed\u003c/a> online could be carrying a legible copy of your passport or other proof of citizenship. Even a black and white photocopy of your passport’s photo page or \u003ca href=\"https://travel.state.gov/content/travel/en/passports/need-passport/card.html\">your passport card\u003c/a> should be able to accomplish that, Bernwanger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What about having a photo of your documentation on your phone, to potentially show an immigration officer? Again, Boswell stressed the need for that officer to have evidence that a person is unlawfully present in the U.S. — and cautioned that even just unlocking your phone to show your proof of citizenship “could be viewed as permission [for an officer] to go rummaging through it in search of other things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Do non-citizens have to carry documentation with them?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Unlike citizens, U.S. law said that non-citizen immigrants \u003cem>should \u003c/em>actually carry documentation of their legal status in the country with them at all times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Immigrants with work authorization should carry documentation like a green card or an I-94 with them — and this should be their actual, original documentation, Bernwanger said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Should I have multiple copies of my documentation anyway?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Given what Bernwanger called the “real risk that documents will be confiscated during encounters with immigration agents just based on what we’ve seen elsewhere,” she recommended that citizens and non-citizens alike should make multiple, clear copies of their immigration documentation and store them securely at home in a place they can be quickly located.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bernwanger also advised you to “leave copies with your trusted family members,” who could then provide them in the event that you are detained by immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story has been updated to reflect that of the 50 American citizens \u003c/em>ProPublica \u003cem>found who were held after immigration agents questioned their citizenship, almost all were Latino.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>For the better part of A’s life, she never suspected anything was wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She breezed through getting her driver’s license. She applied to college and filed her taxes year after year without any hiccups. That is, until she applied for her passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly, the document she always relied on — a delayed registration of birth, which is fairly common among adoptees — was no longer enough. She realized the papers that would prove she was a citizen were not just missing — they had never existed in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just sensed there was something wrong and it seemed frightening,” said A, who asked to be referred to by her last initial out of fear of deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A later found out that her adoptive parents never completed her naturalization. It meant she was technically barred from accessing things that she took for granted all her life — like college financial aid. It also left A, who is now in her 40s, vulnerable to deportation to her native South Korea — a country she has never been to, where she doesn’t speak the language or know of any family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress tried to address this issue by passing the Child Citizenship Act in 2000, which grants automatic citizenship to international adoptees. But the law only covered future adoptees and those under 18 at the time the law went into effect, or only those born after February 1983. It also did not apply to children who were brought to the U.S. on the wrong type of visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past 25 years, advocates have been pushing for Congress to remove the age cutoff and narrow the citizenship gap among adoptees. A bill was reintroduced several times, but it has yet to make it past the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, advocates say President Trump’s second term has ushered in a new era of fear for adoptees without citizenship. Trump has consistently vowed to carry out the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/11/1244093031/how-trumps-immigration-policy-changes-who-gets-arrested-and-detained\">largest deportation program\u003c/a> that the country has ever seen. To do so, his administration is casting a far wider net on who to deport — making adoptees like A question if they will be next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I definitely didn’t think it was possible for any adoptee to be in my state of limbo. I know now that it’s not only possible but common,” A said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How adoptees fell through the cracks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to determine how many adoptees lack citizenship in the U.S. Many are unaware of their circumstances until adulthood, when they attempt to apply for a passport, try to obtain a Real ID or, in the worst-case scenario, get convicted of a crime, which makes them a priority for removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036849\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036849\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In her earliest memories, A sensed a difference between her and her white parents. Yet, she also remembers feeling special, chosen and cared for. \u003ccite>(Family photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Arissa Oh, a history professor at Boston College who has written extensively about the origins of international adoptions, said a host of factors contributed to the phenomenon of noncitizen adoptees. In some cases, the adoptive parents were to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Either the adoptive parents did not know that naturalization was a separate process from immigration and adoption, or they couldn’t get around to it for whatever reason,” Oh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, the adoptions were never fully legal in the first place. Last month, the government of South Korea, where A is from, admitted that its adoption agencies \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/27/nx-s1-5341421/south-korea-admits-agencies-mishandled-international-adoptions\">engaged in fraud or malpractice\u003c/a> to keep up with demand, including not properly vetting prospective parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, led by the country’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission, urged the Korean government to investigate citizenship issues among adoptees sent to the U.S. and take steps to support those without citizenship, the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/south-korea-adoptions-responsibility-fraud-abuse-67970ea6e153e7cbb63d5b4bc29325f4\">Associated Press\u003c/a> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Oh, all of the systemic factors that kept adoptees from being naturalized underscore a long-standing discrepancy between federal and state roles in international adoptions. While U.S. citizenship is governed at the federal level, adoptions themselves are generally regarded as domestic matters, much like marriage, which is why they are processed through state courts, Oh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where you see a failure, in terms of the protection of the children,” she said. “Because they could fall through the gap between federal law and state law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I didn’t know who to ask for help’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A was just 3 weeks old when she was brought to the West Coast from South Korea. Her adoptive parents had trouble conceiving, she was told. It never occurred to A to ask if she was indeed a U.S. citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in her 20s, while working at a coffee shop, A opened a letter from the U.S. State Department asking for more proof of her citizenship. She had no idea who to turn to and couldn’t afford a lawyer.[aside postID=news_12024082 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2030/01/GettyImages-1314541146-1020x690.jpg']“I think I just felt really alone and scared,” A said. “I didn’t know who to ask for help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, she tucked the letter away and returned to the mountain of dishes she needed to wash. Although part of her was worried, A figured it was some misunderstanding and could be easily resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, when she asked her parents about her citizenship, they told her: “You were adopted by a U.S. citizen. So you’re a U.S. citizen,” she recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, in a Facebook group for adoptees, she confided to another member about her situation, who then urged her to contact attorney Gregory Luce as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An adoptee himself, Luce specializes in this area. After he and A connected in 2019, Luce spent the next two years going back and forth with various government agencies to determine if A was a citizen. The drawn-out wait was typical, he said. The truth was nothing short of gut-wrenching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Greg said officially: ‘You’re not a U.S. citizen,’ ” A said. “It was hard to hear, but a lot of it was that I was scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some deported adoptees have faced homelessness and mental health crises\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Adoptees are supposed to be granted the same rights as if they were the biological children of their adoptive parents. Yet adoptees who lack citizenship live in limbo almost as if they newly arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes them ineligible for most college financial aid, federal benefits and certain government jobs. Soon, they’ll also lose the ability to fly domestically when enforcement of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/05/1140778386/real-id-enforcement-delayed-2025-immigration-privacy\">Real ID\u003c/a>, a driver’s license or ID card with stricter standards, kicks off in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joy Alessi, a Korean adoptee who’s with the Adoptee Rights Campaign, did not gain citizenship until she was 52 years old. She worries about how the years she spent working as a noncitizen will impact her future retirement benefits.[aside postID=news_12033789 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/250324-WongKimArk-02-BL_qed-1020x680.jpg']“As children, we didn’t broker our own adoptions, nor did we bring ourselves across the border without the proper documentation. Nor did we fail to apply for our own citizenship,” she said. “So why are we holding children responsible for their parents’ mistakes?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, attorneys often advised Alessi to simply “lay low” rather than try to take steps to correct her immigration status. But leaving the issue unresolved puts adoptees at another kind of risk: a criminal conviction, no matter how minor, can expose them to the full weight of immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR previously reported of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/27/1107966562/waiting-in-no-mans-land\">an adoptee and father of five\u003c/a> who was convicted of marijuana possession in Texas. Because his adoption was filed improperly, he was sent to his birth country of Mexico after having served a few years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amanda Cho, a spokesperson for Adoptees for Justice, said adoptees who are deported often receive little to no support to navigate life in an unfamiliar country, putting them at significant risk of unemployment, homelessness, and mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re kind of just left to struggle and survive on their own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one case, an adoptee named Phillip Clay killed himself \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/deported-adoptee-s-death-heightens-calls-citizenship-bill-n767341\">after struggling to adjust\u003c/a> to life in South Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Thousands of adoptees could have relief with this bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The State Department said in a statement that it works to ensure intercountry adoptions are “safe, ethical, legal and transparent” but “[its] role in issues regarding adoptee citizenship is generally limited to adjudicating applications for a U.S. passport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adoptee advocates argue the solution lies in eliminating the age cutoff from the 2000 law. Legislative efforts to do just that have historically received bipartisan support. But progress has been slow because the issue had been tied to immigration, an area that has been persistently difficult to reform, according Rep. Adam Smith, D-Wash., who has previously sponsored the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s really paralyzed our ability to right a very simple and straightforward wrong,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cho said at its core, the bill is about preventing family separation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Adoptees were adopted into a family as children,” she said. “It’s not fair that a biological child can commit a crime, do their time and continue on with their life. But an adopted child is treated [differently].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the federal level, states can also better support adoptees by allowing them greater access to their adoption records, according to Luce, who is also the founder of the Adoptee Rights Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These documents are often considered the most secretive of all court files given their sensitive nature. In many states, including California, Kentucky and Virginia, adult adoptees must secure \u003ca href=\"https://adopteerightslaw.com/united-states-obc/\">a court order or permission\u003c/a> from their adoptive parents in order to gain access to certain adoption papers. The fee to obtain these files can also be far higher than the cost to retrieve a non-adoptee birth certificate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue impacts both those who were adopted domestically and internationally. In A’s case, Luce said he requested documents essential to her immigration case in state court three times over two years. Had it been easier to get those papers, A would have obtained her green card by now, according to Luce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly frustrating if not insane and ultimately dangerous for intercountry adopted people like A when they cannot get basic documents to prove they are lawfully in the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is an issue of human rights and individual dignity that we’ve been fighting for more than 50 years,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A tries to get a green card amid the new Trump administration\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2022, A married a U.S. citizen — opening up a new viable pathway toward citizenship. It’s promising, but A won’t be able to get a green card until she has obtained adoption papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A said her husband is “more nervous now than ever before because of the current administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, A won’t be able to fly within the country because she’s not eligible for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/10/nx-s1-5355902/real-id-enforcement-may-7\">a Real ID\u003c/a>. It means missing work trips and her best friend’s birthday in New York, breaking a 12-year tradition. “It’s a really big loss,” A said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also comes at a time when she feels the most grateful for the life that she has built — securing her dream two-bedroom apartment nestled between parks and hiking paths, working a job she loves and having a close-knit group of friends, many of whom are fellow adoptees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am so in tune with how lucky I am and somehow it feels like a way to measure how long and hard I worked and how many times I moved trying to find my place,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>For the better part of A’s life, she never suspected anything was wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She breezed through getting her driver’s license. She applied to college and filed her taxes year after year without any hiccups. That is, until she applied for her passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Suddenly, the document she always relied on — a delayed registration of birth, which is fairly common among adoptees — was no longer enough. She realized the papers that would prove she was a citizen were not just missing — they had never existed in the first place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just sensed there was something wrong and it seemed frightening,” said A, who asked to be referred to by her last initial out of fear of deportation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A later found out that her adoptive parents never completed her naturalization. It meant she was technically barred from accessing things that she took for granted all her life — like college financial aid. It also left A, who is now in her 40s, vulnerable to deportation to her native South Korea — a country she has never been to, where she doesn’t speak the language or know of any family.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress tried to address this issue by passing the Child Citizenship Act in 2000, which grants automatic citizenship to international adoptees. But the law only covered future adoptees and those under 18 at the time the law went into effect, or only those born after February 1983. It also did not apply to children who were brought to the U.S. on the wrong type of visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past 25 years, advocates have been pushing for Congress to remove the age cutoff and narrow the citizenship gap among adoptees. A bill was reintroduced several times, but it has yet to make it past the House.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, advocates say President Trump’s second term has ushered in a new era of fear for adoptees without citizenship. Trump has consistently vowed to carry out the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/11/1244093031/how-trumps-immigration-policy-changes-who-gets-arrested-and-detained\">largest deportation program\u003c/a> that the country has ever seen. To do so, his administration is casting a far wider net on who to deport — making adoptees like A question if they will be next.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I definitely didn’t think it was possible for any adoptee to be in my state of limbo. I know now that it’s not only possible but common,” A said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How adoptees fell through the cracks\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s difficult to determine how many adoptees lack citizenship in the U.S. Many are unaware of their circumstances until adulthood, when they attempt to apply for a passport, try to obtain a Real ID or, in the worst-case scenario, get convicted of a crime, which makes them a priority for removal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12036849\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12036849\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17.jpg 600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-17-160x213.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">In her earliest memories, A sensed a difference between her and her white parents. Yet, she also remembers feeling special, chosen and cared for. \u003ccite>(Family photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Arissa Oh, a history professor at Boston College who has written extensively about the origins of international adoptions, said a host of factors contributed to the phenomenon of noncitizen adoptees. In some cases, the adoptive parents were to blame.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Either the adoptive parents did not know that naturalization was a separate process from immigration and adoption, or they couldn’t get around to it for whatever reason,” Oh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sometimes, the adoptions were never fully legal in the first place. Last month, the government of South Korea, where A is from, admitted that its adoption agencies \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/03/27/nx-s1-5341421/south-korea-admits-agencies-mishandled-international-adoptions\">engaged in fraud or malpractice\u003c/a> to keep up with demand, including not properly vetting prospective parents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report, led by the country’s Truth and Reconciliation Commission, urged the Korean government to investigate citizenship issues among adoptees sent to the U.S. and take steps to support those without citizenship, the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/south-korea-adoptions-responsibility-fraud-abuse-67970ea6e153e7cbb63d5b4bc29325f4\">Associated Press\u003c/a> reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to Oh, all of the systemic factors that kept adoptees from being naturalized underscore a long-standing discrepancy between federal and state roles in international adoptions. While U.S. citizenship is governed at the federal level, adoptions themselves are generally regarded as domestic matters, much like marriage, which is why they are processed through state courts, Oh said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where you see a failure, in terms of the protection of the children,” she said. “Because they could fall through the gap between federal law and state law.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>‘I didn’t know who to ask for help’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>A was just 3 weeks old when she was brought to the West Coast from South Korea. Her adoptive parents had trouble conceiving, she was told. It never occurred to A to ask if she was indeed a U.S. citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then in her 20s, while working at a coffee shop, A opened a letter from the U.S. State Department asking for more proof of her citizenship. She had no idea who to turn to and couldn’t afford a lawyer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“I think I just felt really alone and scared,” A said. “I didn’t know who to ask for help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So, she tucked the letter away and returned to the mountain of dishes she needed to wash. Although part of her was worried, A figured it was some misunderstanding and could be easily resolved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Later, when she asked her parents about her citizenship, they told her: “You were adopted by a U.S. citizen. So you’re a U.S. citizen,” she recalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Years later, in a Facebook group for adoptees, she confided to another member about her situation, who then urged her to contact attorney Gregory Luce as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An adoptee himself, Luce specializes in this area. After he and A connected in 2019, Luce spent the next two years going back and forth with various government agencies to determine if A was a citizen. The drawn-out wait was typical, he said. The truth was nothing short of gut-wrenching.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Greg said officially: ‘You’re not a U.S. citizen,’ ” A said. “It was hard to hear, but a lot of it was that I was scared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Some deported adoptees have faced homelessness and mental health crises\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Adoptees are supposed to be granted the same rights as if they were the biological children of their adoptive parents. Yet adoptees who lack citizenship live in limbo almost as if they newly arrived.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It makes them ineligible for most college financial aid, federal benefits and certain government jobs. Soon, they’ll also lose the ability to fly domestically when enforcement of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/12/05/1140778386/real-id-enforcement-delayed-2025-immigration-privacy\">Real ID\u003c/a>, a driver’s license or ID card with stricter standards, kicks off in May.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joy Alessi, a Korean adoptee who’s with the Adoptee Rights Campaign, did not gain citizenship until she was 52 years old. She worries about how the years she spent working as a noncitizen will impact her future retirement benefits.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“As children, we didn’t broker our own adoptions, nor did we bring ourselves across the border without the proper documentation. Nor did we fail to apply for our own citizenship,” she said. “So why are we holding children responsible for their parents’ mistakes?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades, attorneys often advised Alessi to simply “lay low” rather than try to take steps to correct her immigration status. But leaving the issue unresolved puts adoptees at another kind of risk: a criminal conviction, no matter how minor, can expose them to the full weight of immigration enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>NPR previously reported of \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2022/06/27/1107966562/waiting-in-no-mans-land\">an adoptee and father of five\u003c/a> who was convicted of marijuana possession in Texas. Because his adoption was filed improperly, he was sent to his birth country of Mexico after having served a few years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amanda Cho, a spokesperson for Adoptees for Justice, said adoptees who are deported often receive little to no support to navigate life in an unfamiliar country, putting them at significant risk of unemployment, homelessness, and mental health crises.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re kind of just left to struggle and survive on their own,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one case, an adoptee named Phillip Clay killed himself \u003ca href=\"https://www.nbcnews.com/news/asian-america/deported-adoptee-s-death-heightens-calls-citizenship-bill-n767341\">after struggling to adjust\u003c/a> to life in South Korea.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Thousands of adoptees could have relief with this bill\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The State Department said in a statement that it works to ensure intercountry adoptions are “safe, ethical, legal and transparent” but “[its] role in issues regarding adoptee citizenship is generally limited to adjudicating applications for a U.S. passport.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Adoptee advocates argue the solution lies in eliminating the age cutoff from the 2000 law. Legislative efforts to do just that have historically received bipartisan support. But progress has been slow because the issue had been tied to immigration, an area that has been persistently difficult to reform, according Rep. Adam Smith, D-Wash., who has previously sponsored the bill.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So it’s really paralyzed our ability to right a very simple and straightforward wrong,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Cho said at its core, the bill is about preventing family separation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Adoptees were adopted into a family as children,” she said. “It’s not fair that a biological child can commit a crime, do their time and continue on with their life. But an adopted child is treated [differently].”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond the federal level, states can also better support adoptees by allowing them greater access to their adoption records, according to Luce, who is also the founder of the Adoptee Rights Law Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These documents are often considered the most secretive of all court files given their sensitive nature. In many states, including California, Kentucky and Virginia, adult adoptees must secure \u003ca href=\"https://adopteerightslaw.com/united-states-obc/\">a court order or permission\u003c/a> from their adoptive parents in order to gain access to certain adoption papers. The fee to obtain these files can also be far higher than the cost to retrieve a non-adoptee birth certificate.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The issue impacts both those who were adopted domestically and internationally. In A’s case, Luce said he requested documents essential to her immigration case in state court three times over two years. Had it been easier to get those papers, A would have obtained her green card by now, according to Luce.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s incredibly frustrating if not insane and ultimately dangerous for intercountry adopted people like A when they cannot get basic documents to prove they are lawfully in the United States,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is an issue of human rights and individual dignity that we’ve been fighting for more than 50 years,” he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A tries to get a green card amid the new Trump administration\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In 2022, A married a U.S. citizen — opening up a new viable pathway toward citizenship. It’s promising, but A won’t be able to get a green card until she has obtained adoption papers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A said her husband is “more nervous now than ever before because of the current administration.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Soon, A won’t be able to fly within the country because she’s not eligible for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/04/10/nx-s1-5355902/real-id-enforcement-may-7\">a Real ID\u003c/a>. It means missing work trips and her best friend’s birthday in New York, breaking a 12-year tradition. “It’s a really big loss,” A said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It also comes at a time when she feels the most grateful for the life that she has built — securing her dream two-bedroom apartment nestled between parks and hiking paths, working a job she loves and having a close-knit group of friends, many of whom are fellow adoptees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am so in tune with how lucky I am and somehow it feels like a way to measure how long and hard I worked and how many times I moved trying to find my place,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The federal government says it will finally begin enforcing the national \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027050/apply-for-real-id-deadline-may-7-can-i-fly-without\">Real ID law starting on May 7\u003c/a> — for real this time, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2008/01/11/18028514/homeland-security-unveils-real-id-regulations\">nearly two decades\u003c/a> of delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many people, this matters most for boarding domestic flights. Non-Real ID driver’s licenses and identification cards won’t get you through security at U.S. airports when the law is fully enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But are the millions of daily U.S. airline passengers — as well as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officials who screen them — ready for the changeover?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the federal government has set and delayed other deadlines for Real ID enforcement after realizing that not enough Americans would be ready with compliant documents, says Kyle Potter, executive editor of the travel website Thrifty Traveler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they extend [the deadline] again and they push it out another two or three years, but then there’s no more urgency,” he said. “So this problem just keeps happening and happening and happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the latest Real ID deadline approaches in less than a month, here’s what you need to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening on May 7?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On that date, federal agencies including the TSA say they will accept only state-issued driver’s licenses and IDs that meet Real ID requirements, which include having applicants provide certain identifying information such as Social Security numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This doesn’t mean that you need a Real ID to board a domestic flight. You can still use a passport or passport card, an enhanced driver’s license issued by some states, a permanent resident card or one of many \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">other forms of ID allowed by the TSA\u003c/a>. (Children under 18 don’t need any identification to fly within the United States.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035416\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035416\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1035\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1020x660.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1536x994.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This driver’s license design is meant to comply with federal Real ID requirements. The star in the top-right corner indicates that it’s a Real ID. \u003ccite>(AP/Kansas Department of Revenue)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it does mean that state-issued driver’s licenses that aren’t Real ID-compliant will no longer be accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to TSA spokesperson Lisa Farbstein, 81% of current U.S. travelers already use a Real ID license or an approved alternative form of identification, such as a passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will I get turned away at the airport if I don’t have a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s still unclear whether travelers carrying a non-Real ID license will be sent packing — or just face additional scrutiny by law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">FAQ on its website\u003c/a>, the Department of Homeland Security says travelers without “a REAL ID-compliant license or acceptable alternative beginning May 7, 2025, will not be permitted through the security checkpoint.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12027050 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/02/GettyImages-1808440413-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the TSA has said it plans to begin “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/01/13/tsa-publishes-final-rule-real-id-enforcement-beginning-may-7-2025\">phased enforcement\u003c/a>” on May 7, though it hasn’t shared details about what that means. In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/01/14/2025-00484/minimum-standards-for-drivers-licenses-and-identification-cards-acceptable-by-federal-agencies-for\">federal rule published this year\u003c/a>, the agency said it could take a “phased approach” to enforcement over two years, with the ability to issue warnings to people without Real IDs to avoid “a serious risk of operational disruption, negative public impact, and potential security vulnerabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another TSA spokesperson \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpr.org/economy-and-labor/2025-04-07/tsa-warns-real-id-enforcement-starting-may-7-could-cause-long-lines-and-confusion-at-airports\">told member station KUT\u003c/a> that security officers may subject travelers with non-Real ID licenses to extra screening measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potter, the travel editor, said he thinks the TSA and the federal government are “trying to find a middle ground of telling people that Real ID is happening but giving them some wiggle room to avoid the kinds of mass disruptions that nobody wants in air travel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I get a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First, check to see whether you’ve got a Real ID already. Your driver’s license or ID card is compliant with the new rules if it has one of \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/tsa/status/1518939714937577472\">these star markings\u003c/a> in one of its top corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, you should check with the motor vehicle agency in your state to find out how to get a Real ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">Department of Homeland Security\u003c/a>, you’ll need to provide documentation showing your full legal name, date of birth, Social Security number and lawful status, as well as two proofs of address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But federal officials say to double-check with your state to find out exactly what documents are necessary and whether your state goes beyond the minimum federal Real ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fast-approaching deadline has led to a surge of applications at state DMVs from \u003ca href=\"https://www.opb.org/article/2025/04/07/thousands-of-oregonians-book-appointments-as-real-id-deadline-approaches/\">Oregon\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.witf.org/2025/04/08/penndot-says-only-a-quarter-of-pennsylvanians-have-real-id-ahead-of-upcoming-enforcement-deadline/\">Pennsylvania\u003c/a> as people rush to get compliant licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is all this happening, anyway?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Real ID Act was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/12/07/121162967/real-id-act-might-cause-real-hassles-for-travelers\">signed into law\u003c/a> in 2005 after the 9/11 Commission warned that it was too easy to obtain a driver’s license in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there have been hurdles in getting all 50 states and U.S. territories to adopt the new requirements and begin issuing Real IDs, something the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/7673289?ft=nprml&f=7673289\">estimated in 2007\u003c/a> would cost states $11 billion to implement. More recently, issues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/26/822031112/tougher-id-requirements-for-domestic-flights-postponed-to-2021\">caused additional delays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 2020 — 15 years after the Real ID Act became law — that all 50 states \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/archive/real-id/news/2020/09/10/all-us-states-now-compliant-ahead-real-id-deadline\">became compliant\u003c/a> with its licensing requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to airports, people entering certain other federal facilities and nuclear power plants will also be required to present a Real ID, the Department of Homeland Security, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The federal government says it will finally begin enforcing the national \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12027050/apply-for-real-id-deadline-may-7-can-i-fly-without\">Real ID law starting on May 7\u003c/a> — for real this time, after \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2008/01/11/18028514/homeland-security-unveils-real-id-regulations\">nearly two decades\u003c/a> of delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For many people, this matters most for boarding domestic flights. Non-Real ID driver’s licenses and identification cards won’t get you through security at U.S. airports when the law is fully enforced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But are the millions of daily U.S. airline passengers — as well as the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) officials who screen them — ready for the changeover?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent years, the federal government has set and delayed other deadlines for Real ID enforcement after realizing that not enough Americans would be ready with compliant documents, says Kyle Potter, executive editor of the travel website Thrifty Traveler.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they extend [the deadline] again and they push it out another two or three years, but then there’s no more urgency,” he said. “So this problem just keeps happening and happening and happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the latest Real ID deadline approaches in less than a month, here’s what you need to know.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>What’s happening on May 7?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On that date, federal agencies including the TSA say they will accept only state-issued driver’s licenses and IDs that meet Real ID requirements, which include having applicants provide certain identifying information such as Social Security numbers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This doesn’t mean that you need a Real ID to board a domestic flight. You can still use a passport or passport card, an enhanced driver’s license issued by some states, a permanent resident card or one of many \u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/travel/security-screening/identification\">other forms of ID allowed by the TSA\u003c/a>. (Children under 18 don’t need any identification to fly within the United States.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12035416\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12035416\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1600\" height=\"1035\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10.jpg 1600w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-800x518.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1020x660.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-160x104.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/npr.brightspotcdn-copy-10-1536x994.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">This driver’s license design is meant to comply with federal Real ID requirements. The star in the top-right corner indicates that it’s a Real ID. \u003ccite>(AP/Kansas Department of Revenue)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But it does mean that state-issued driver’s licenses that aren’t Real ID-compliant will no longer be accepted.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to TSA spokesperson Lisa Farbstein, 81% of current U.S. travelers already use a Real ID license or an approved alternative form of identification, such as a passport.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will I get turned away at the airport if I don’t have a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>It’s still unclear whether travelers carrying a non-Real ID license will be sent packing — or just face additional scrutiny by law enforcement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">FAQ on its website\u003c/a>, the Department of Homeland Security says travelers without “a REAL ID-compliant license or acceptable alternative beginning May 7, 2025, will not be permitted through the security checkpoint.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the TSA has said it plans to begin “\u003ca href=\"https://www.tsa.gov/news/press/releases/2025/01/13/tsa-publishes-final-rule-real-id-enforcement-beginning-may-7-2025\">phased enforcement\u003c/a>” on May 7, though it hasn’t shared details about what that means. In a \u003ca href=\"https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2025/01/14/2025-00484/minimum-standards-for-drivers-licenses-and-identification-cards-acceptable-by-federal-agencies-for\">federal rule published this year\u003c/a>, the agency said it could take a “phased approach” to enforcement over two years, with the ability to issue warnings to people without Real IDs to avoid “a serious risk of operational disruption, negative public impact, and potential security vulnerabilities.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another TSA spokesperson \u003ca href=\"https://www.tpr.org/economy-and-labor/2025-04-07/tsa-warns-real-id-enforcement-starting-may-7-could-cause-long-lines-and-confusion-at-airports\">told member station KUT\u003c/a> that security officers may subject travelers with non-Real ID licenses to extra screening measures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Potter, the travel editor, said he thinks the TSA and the federal government are “trying to find a middle ground of telling people that Real ID is happening but giving them some wiggle room to avoid the kinds of mass disruptions that nobody wants in air travel.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How do I get a Real ID?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>First, check to see whether you’ve got a Real ID already. Your driver’s license or ID card is compliant with the new rules if it has one of \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/tsa/status/1518939714937577472\">these star markings\u003c/a> in one of its top corners.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, you should check with the motor vehicle agency in your state to find out how to get a Real ID.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/real-id/real-id-faqs\">Department of Homeland Security\u003c/a>, you’ll need to provide documentation showing your full legal name, date of birth, Social Security number and lawful status, as well as two proofs of address.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But federal officials say to double-check with your state to find out exactly what documents are necessary and whether your state goes beyond the minimum federal Real ID requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fast-approaching deadline has led to a surge of applications at state DMVs from \u003ca href=\"https://www.opb.org/article/2025/04/07/thousands-of-oregonians-book-appointments-as-real-id-deadline-approaches/\">Oregon\u003c/a> to \u003ca href=\"https://www.witf.org/2025/04/08/penndot-says-only-a-quarter-of-pennsylvanians-have-real-id-ahead-of-upcoming-enforcement-deadline/\">Pennsylvania\u003c/a> as people rush to get compliant licenses.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Why is all this happening, anyway?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Real ID Act was \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2009/12/07/121162967/real-id-act-might-cause-real-hassles-for-travelers\">signed into law\u003c/a> in 2005 after the 9/11 Commission warned that it was too easy to obtain a driver’s license in the United States.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But there have been hurdles in getting all 50 states and U.S. territories to adopt the new requirements and begin issuing Real IDs, something the federal government \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/transcripts/7673289?ft=nprml&f=7673289\">estimated in 2007\u003c/a> would cost states $11 billion to implement. More recently, issues stemming from the COVID-19 pandemic have \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/coronavirus-live-updates/2020/03/26/822031112/tougher-id-requirements-for-domestic-flights-postponed-to-2021\">caused additional delays\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wasn’t until 2020 — 15 years after the Real ID Act became law — that all 50 states \u003ca href=\"https://www.dhs.gov/archive/real-id/news/2020/09/10/all-us-states-now-compliant-ahead-real-id-deadline\">became compliant\u003c/a> with its licensing requirements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to airports, people entering certain other federal facilities and nuclear power plants will also be required to present a Real ID, the Department of Homeland Security, said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Americans can now renew their passports online, bypassing a cumbersome mail-in paper application process that often causes delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department announced Wednesday that its online renewal system is now fully operational after testing in pilot programs and is available to adult passport holders whose passports have expired within the past five years or will expire in the coming year. It is not available for the renewal of children’s passports, for first-time passport applicants, for renewal applicants who live outside the United States or for expedited applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By offering this online alternative to the traditional paper application process, the Department is embracing digital transformation to offer the most efficient and convenient passport renewal experience possible,” Secretary of State Antony Blinken said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department said it estimated that about 5 million Americans would be able to use this service a year. In 2023, it processed 24 million passports, about 40% of which were renewals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After staffing shortages caused mainly by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-health-travel-government-and-politics-coronavirus-pandemic-81341014ef7cefafa8a5e29486ef796d\">lengthy passport processing delays\u003c/a>, the department ramped up hiring and introduced other technological improvements that have reduced wait times by about one-third over last year. It said most applications are now completed in far less than the advertised six to eight weeks, and the online renewal system is expected to reduce that further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will allow renewal applicants to skip the current process, which requires them to print out and send paper applications, photos and a check by mail, and submit their documents, photo, and payment through a secure website, \u003ca href=\"http://www.travel.state.gov/renewonline\">www.Travel.State.Gov/renewonline\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be no change to the existing passport processing fees, which are currently $130 for a regular renewal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs Rena Bitter, whose bureau oversees passport processing, said the department hoped to expand the program in the coming years to possibly include Americans living abroad, those seeking to renew a second passport and children’s passports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to be the last thing that we do,” she told reporters. “We want to see how this goes and then we’ll start looking at ways to continue to make this service available to more American citizens in the coming months and years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Americans can now renew their passports online, bypassing a cumbersome mail-in paper application process that often causes delays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The State Department announced Wednesday that its online renewal system is now fully operational after testing in pilot programs and is available to adult passport holders whose passports have expired within the past five years or will expire in the coming year. It is not available for the renewal of children’s passports, for first-time passport applicants, for renewal applicants who live outside the United States or for expedited applications.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By offering this online alternative to the traditional paper application process, the Department is embracing digital transformation to offer the most efficient and convenient passport renewal experience possible,” Secretary of State Antony Blinken said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The department said it estimated that about 5 million Americans would be able to use this service a year. In 2023, it processed 24 million passports, about 40% of which were renewals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After staffing shortages caused mainly by the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/lifestyle-health-travel-government-and-politics-coronavirus-pandemic-81341014ef7cefafa8a5e29486ef796d\">lengthy passport processing delays\u003c/a>, the department ramped up hiring and introduced other technological improvements that have reduced wait times by about one-third over last year. It said most applications are now completed in far less than the advertised six to eight weeks, and the online renewal system is expected to reduce that further.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The system will allow renewal applicants to skip the current process, which requires them to print out and send paper applications, photos and a check by mail, and submit their documents, photo, and payment through a secure website, \u003ca href=\"http://www.travel.state.gov/renewonline\">www.Travel.State.Gov/renewonline\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There will be no change to the existing passport processing fees, which are currently $130 for a regular renewal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assistant Secretary of State for Consular Affairs Rena Bitter, whose bureau oversees passport processing, said the department hoped to expand the program in the coming years to possibly include Americans living abroad, those seeking to renew a second passport and children’s passports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to be the last thing that we do,” she told reporters. “We want to see how this goes and then we’ll start looking at ways to continue to make this service available to more American citizens in the coming months and years.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
},
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
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"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"meta": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
},
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://mastersofscale.com/",
"meta": {
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"link": "/radio/program/masters-of-scale",
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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