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"content": "\u003cp>Robert Green’s eyewitness account was central to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Pierre Rushing’s\u003c/a> conviction for first-degree murder 15 years ago. But on Tuesday, Green testified in an Oakland courtroom that Rushing, now serving 50 years to life, was not the shooter. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The moment came at the start of a four-day evidentiary hearing in Alameda County Superior Court reexamining the Oakland resident’s 2011 conviction for the murder of Dawyone Taylor.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing, now 37, has maintained his innocence since he was convicted at 22. His attorneys are asking the court to vacate the conviction, citing Green’s recantation and hundreds of pages of police reports they say prosecutors failed to turn over for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing entered the courtroom in a yellow jumpsuit with his fist raised, smiling at a gallery nearly full of supporters — roughly two dozen people, some of whom said they had themselves been wrongfully convicted and others who had never met him.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At trial, prosecutors argued Rushing killed Taylor, 25, in Oakland in 2011 over the belief that Taylor had stolen his iPod. The case rested heavily on Green, who testified he saw Rushing get out of a car and fire a shot. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092907\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The René C. Davidson Courthouse, part of the Alameda County Superior Court system, in Oakland on July 28, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Green’s account this week was different. Under questioning, he said Rushing was not the person he saw, and he had told police it was Rushing because officers indicated they already believed Rushing was involved. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During cross-examination, Green — who acknowledged he was using drugs around the time of the killing — admitted he had committed perjury at the original trial.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing’s attorneys pointed instead to a man they identified in court as Charles Dunn, known in the case by the nickname “C,” and alleged that he shot Taylor. The defense also called an investigator, identified in court as Mr. Fine, who was hired to locate Green and interview him in jail, and who helped persuade him to testify. Green is currently serving time in an unrelated case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Jordan Grotzinger, Rushing’s lead attorney, has said the district attorney’s office produced 464 pages of police reports in 2024 that were never given to Rushing’s original defense.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gtlaw.com/en/insights/2026/6/good-in-practice-episode-27\">podcast\u003c/a> from Grotzinger’s law firm, the attorney said the reports described Andre Morris, a man present the night of the killing, committing robberies shortly before and after Taylor’s death alongside “C,” and that details in them — the shooter holding a gun in his left hand, driving a gray or white pickup — matched what Green first told police in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing’s team argues the late disclosure violated the Brady rule, which requires prosecutors to share evidence favorable to the defense. The Alameda County District Attorney’s office said it would not comment on the ongoing case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Outside the courthouse, the hearing drew supporters who framed Rushing’s case as another example of convictions built on a single, shaky eyewitness testimony. Among them was Jamal Trulove, an organizer who was convicted of a 2007 San Francisco murder before an appeals court overturned the conviction and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11630235\">he was acquitted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A federal jury later found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11660586/jury-finds-san-francisco-police-officers-framed-a-man-for-murder\">police had fabricated evidence\u003c/a> and coerced the eyewitness against Trulove. The city later paid him \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734209/san-francisco-to-pay-13-1-million-to-man-framed-by-police-for-murder\">a $13.1 million settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I was convicted off of what one person said,” Trulove said. “Having one eyewitness to prove a fact in a murder case is a low burden to convict somebody for the rest of their life.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Watching Green recant, he said, brought back his own experience. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“To really be in that courtroom and remember the feeling that I had of knowing that I was convicted for something I didn’t do,” he said. “Finally hearing the person that said that he did commit this crime, admit that he didn’t commit the crime. It was very emotional.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Demora Henderson, who said he also had been wrongfully convicted in 2006 of murder in San Francisco, traveled to support Rushing after seeing his case on \u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I’m coming here to show solidarity and show the system that a lot of people [are] wrongfully incarcerated,” he said. He described the experience as “disheartening” and “lonely.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092906\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A supporter of Pierre Rushing stands outside the René C. Davidson Courthouse, part of the Alameda County Superior Court system, in Oakland on July 28, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“All we do is have faith and hope in the process of us trying to regain our freedom and liberties back,” Henderson said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lori Rothschild Ansaldi, a criminal justice reform advocate, said she has followed Rushing’s case since 2018 and teared up listening to Green. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to hear it when the truth finally comes out,” she said. “It’s profoundly sad when they get it wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The hearing is the first of four days, scheduled to run through the end of the week, and it is not clear when the judge will rule.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Even if the court finds in Rushing’s favor, a ruling to vacate a conviction does not automatically mean release; it can lead to a new trial or to the charges being dropped.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Finally, it feels like the tides are turning,” Trulove said. “The hope is that after these four days, the judge will … deem the 464 pages of evidence that the D.A.’s office didn’t turn over as a Brady violation and his case will be ultimately thrown out and vacated. And Pierre Rushing will be released.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbernal\">\u003cem>Maria Fernanda Bernal\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Rushing, now 37, has maintained his innocence since he was convicted at 22. His attorneys are asking the court to vacate the conviction, citing Green’s recantation and hundreds of pages of police reports they say prosecutors failed to turn over for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>At trial, prosecutors argued Rushing killed Taylor, 25, in Oakland in 2011 over the belief that Taylor had stolen his iPod. The case rested heavily on Green, who testified he saw Rushing get out of a car and fire a shot. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Rushing’s attorneys pointed instead to a man they identified in court as Charles Dunn, known in the case by the nickname “C,” and alleged that he shot Taylor. The defense also called an investigator, identified in court as Mr. Fine, who was hired to locate Green and interview him in jail, and who helped persuade him to testify. Green is currently serving time in an unrelated case.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Rushing’s attorneys pointed instead to a man they identified in court as Charles Dunn, known in the case by the nickname “C,” and alleged that he shot Taylor. The defense also called an investigator, identified in court as Mr. Fine, who was hired to locate Green and interview him in jail, and who helped persuade him to testify. Green is currently serving time in an unrelated case.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Jordan Grotzinger, Rushing’s lead attorney, has said the district attorney’s office produced 464 pages of police reports in 2024 that were never given to Rushing’s original defense.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>On a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gtlaw.com/en/insights/2026/6/good-in-practice-episode-27\">podcast\u003c/a> from Grotzinger’s law firm, the attorney said the reports described Andre Morris, a man present the night of the killing, committing robberies shortly before and after Taylor’s death alongside “C,” and that details in them — the shooter holding a gun in his left hand, driving a gray or white pickup — matched what Green first told police in 2011.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Rushing’s team argues the late disclosure violated the Brady rule, which requires prosecutors to share evidence favorable to the defense. The Alameda County District Attorney’s office said it would not comment on the ongoing case.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Outside the courthouse, the hearing drew supporters who framed Rushing’s case as another example of convictions built on a single, shaky eyewitness testimony. Among them was Jamal Trulove, an organizer who was convicted of a 2007 San Francisco murder before an appeals court overturned the conviction and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11630235\">he was acquitted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A federal jury later found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11660586/jury-finds-san-francisco-police-officers-framed-a-man-for-murder\">police had fabricated evidence\u003c/a> and coerced the eyewitness against Trulove. The city later paid him \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734209/san-francisco-to-pay-13-1-million-to-man-framed-by-police-for-murder\">a $13.1 million settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>A federal jury later found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11660586/jury-finds-san-francisco-police-officers-framed-a-man-for-murder\">police had fabricated evidence\u003c/a> and coerced the eyewitness against Trulove. The city later paid him \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734209/san-francisco-to-pay-13-1-million-to-man-framed-by-police-for-murder\">a $13.1 million settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I was convicted off of what one person said,” Trulove said. “Having one eyewitness to prove a fact in a murder case is a low burden to convict somebody for the rest of their life.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Watching Green recant, he said, brought back his own experience. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“To really be in that courtroom and remember the feeling that I had of knowing that I was convicted for something I didn’t do,” he said. “Finally hearing the person that said that he did commit this crime, admit that he didn’t commit the crime. It was very emotional.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Demora Henderson, who said he also had been wrongfully convicted in 2006 of murder in San Francisco, traveled to support Rushing after seeing his case on \u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Demora Henderson, who said he also had been wrongfully convicted in 2006 of murder in San Francisco, traveled to support Rushing after seeing his case on \u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I’m coming here to show solidarity and show the system that a lot of people [are] wrongfully incarcerated,” he said. He described the experience as “disheartening” and “lonely.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I’m coming here to show solidarity and show the system that a lot of people [are] wrongfully incarcerated,” he said. He described the experience as “disheartening” and “lonely.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“All we do is have faith and hope in the process of us trying to regain our freedom and liberties back,” Henderson said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Lori Rothschild Ansaldi, a criminal justice reform advocate, said she has followed Rushing’s case since 2018 and teared up listening to Green. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to hear it when the truth finally comes out,” she said. “It’s profoundly sad when they get it wrong.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Even if the court finds in Rushing’s favor, a ruling to vacate a conviction does not automatically mean release; it can lead to a new trial or to the charges being dropped.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Finally, it feels like the tides are turning,” Trulove said. “The hope is that after these four days, the judge will … deem the 464 pages of evidence that the D.A.’s office didn’t turn over as a Brady violation and his case will be ultimately thrown out and vacated. And Pierre Rushing will be released.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbernal\">\u003cem>Maria Fernanda Bernal\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Bay Area advocates said Rushing’s case exemplifies a broader pattern of murder convictions built on false or unreliable testimony.",
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"title": "Pierre Rushing Was Convicted of Murder in 2011. The Key Witness Just Recanted His Testimony | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Robert Green’s eyewitness account was central to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Pierre Rushing’s\u003c/a> conviction for first-degree murder 15 years ago. But on Tuesday, Green testified in an Oakland courtroom that Rushing, now serving 50 years to life, was not the shooter. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The moment came at the start of a four-day evidentiary hearing in Alameda County Superior Court reexamining the Oakland resident’s 2011 conviction for the murder of Dawyone Taylor.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing, now 37, has maintained his innocence since he was convicted at 22. His attorneys are asking the court to vacate the conviction, citing Green’s recantation and hundreds of pages of police reports they say prosecutors failed to turn over for more than a decade.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing entered the courtroom in a yellow jumpsuit with his fist raised, smiling at a gallery nearly full of supporters — roughly two dozen people, some of whom said they had themselves been wrongfully convicted and others who had never met him.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At trial, prosecutors argued Rushing killed Taylor, 25, in Oakland in 2011 over the belief that Taylor had stolen his iPod. The case rested heavily on Green, who testified he saw Rushing get out of a car and fire a shot. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092907\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-09-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The René C. Davidson Courthouse, part of the Alameda County Superior Court system, in Oakland on July 28, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Green’s account this week was different. Under questioning, he said Rushing was not the person he saw, and he had told police it was Rushing because officers indicated they already believed Rushing was involved. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During cross-examination, Green — who acknowledged he was using drugs around the time of the killing — admitted he had committed perjury at the original trial.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing’s attorneys pointed instead to a man they identified in court as Charles Dunn, known in the case by the nickname “C,” and alleged that he shot Taylor. The defense also called an investigator, identified in court as Mr. Fine, who was hired to locate Green and interview him in jail, and who helped persuade him to testify. Green is currently serving time in an unrelated case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Jordan Grotzinger, Rushing’s lead attorney, has said the district attorney’s office produced 464 pages of police reports in 2024 that were never given to Rushing’s original defense.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On a \u003ca href=\"https://www.gtlaw.com/en/insights/2026/6/good-in-practice-episode-27\">podcast\u003c/a> from Grotzinger’s law firm, the attorney said the reports described Andre Morris, a man present the night of the killing, committing robberies shortly before and after Taylor’s death alongside “C,” and that details in them — the shooter holding a gun in his left hand, driving a gray or white pickup — matched what Green first told police in 2011.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rushing’s team argues the late disclosure violated the Brady rule, which requires prosecutors to share evidence favorable to the defense. The Alameda County District Attorney’s office said it would not comment on the ongoing case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Outside the courthouse, the hearing drew supporters who framed Rushing’s case as another example of convictions built on a single, shaky eyewitness testimony. Among them was Jamal Trulove, an organizer who was convicted of a 2007 San Francisco murder before an appeals court overturned the conviction and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11630235\">he was acquitted\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A federal jury later found \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11660586/jury-finds-san-francisco-police-officers-framed-a-man-for-murder\">police had fabricated evidence\u003c/a> and coerced the eyewitness against Trulove. The city later paid him \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11734209/san-francisco-to-pay-13-1-million-to-man-framed-by-police-for-murder\">a $13.1 million settlement\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I was convicted off of what one person said,” Trulove said. “Having one eyewitness to prove a fact in a murder case is a low burden to convict somebody for the rest of their life.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Watching Green recant, he said, brought back his own experience. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“To really be in that courtroom and remember the feeling that I had of knowing that I was convicted for something I didn’t do,” he said. “Finally hearing the person that said that he did commit this crime, admit that he didn’t commit the crime. It was very emotional.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Demora Henderson, who said he also had been wrongfully convicted in 2006 of murder in San Francisco, traveled to support Rushing after seeing his case on \u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I’m coming here to show solidarity and show the system that a lot of people [are] wrongfully incarcerated,” he said. He described the experience as “disheartening” and “lonely.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092906\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260728-PierreRushing-04-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">A supporter of Pierre Rushing stands outside the René C. Davidson Courthouse, part of the Alameda County Superior Court system, in Oakland on July 28, 2026. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“All we do is have faith and hope in the process of us trying to regain our freedom and liberties back,” Henderson said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lori Rothschild Ansaldi, a criminal justice reform advocate, said she has followed Rushing’s case since 2018 and teared up listening to Green. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s hard to hear it when the truth finally comes out,” she said. “It’s profoundly sad when they get it wrong.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The hearing is the first of four days, scheduled to run through the end of the week, and it is not clear when the judge will rule.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Even if the court finds in Rushing’s favor, a ruling to vacate a conviction does not automatically mean release; it can lead to a new trial or to the charges being dropped.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Finally, it feels like the tides are turning,” Trulove said. “The hope is that after these four days, the judge will … deem the 464 pages of evidence that the D.A.’s office didn’t turn over as a Brady violation and his case will be ultimately thrown out and vacated. And Pierre Rushing will be released.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbernal\">\u003cem>Maria Fernanda Bernal\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this reporting.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "oakland-tackles-illegal-dumping-with-a-party",
"title": "Oakland Tackles Illegal Dumping With a Bulk Trash ‘Party’",
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"headTitle": "Oakland Tackles Illegal Dumping With a Bulk Trash ‘Party’ | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s possibly the hottest party of the weekend in \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a>. But the cleanest? Don’t count on it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Dozens of residents lined up their vehicles this morning for the revival of the “Bulky Block Party,” where Oaklanders can discard their large household items for free as the city battles \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">a costly illegal dumping problem\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It was a party in the loosest sense possible — music blaring from a speaker as drivers pulled in — that the city says gives residents a chance to get rid of items that might otherwise end up on neighborhood streets. The event was last held in 2024 as a monthly disposal, but this is the first of a series of “parties” that will happen quarterly through April 2027. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vehicles loaded with trash wait in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Mayor Barbara Lee was there. She told KQED the event was part of a number of strategies the city is enacting to manage its illegal dumping problem.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I keep saying I want Oakland to be the cleanest, safest and greenest city in the country, and that’s about eradicating this,” Lee said. “This is outrageous what we see here in Oakland.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Alameda County Grand Jury \u003ca href=\"https://grandjury.acgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/2025-2026-Alameda-County-Grand-Jury-Final-Report.pdf\">report \u003c/a>released this June criticized the city for the longstanding problem, finding that Oakland failed to inform residents about free bulky item disposal and that enforcement of illegal dumping had been “wholly inadequate.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092658\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mayor Barbara Lee poses for a portrait at a Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Cleaning up the trash \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">cost the city\u003c/a> about $14 million in the 2024-25 fiscal year, according to a separate report from the city’s auditor in April. It found that a lot of the trash was from residents themselves, though outsiders do dump in the city as well. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That same month, the city \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/post/oakland-doubling-fines-5000-deploying-drones-cracks-down-illegal-dumping-official-now-calling-crisis/18896091/\">doubled \u003c/a>its fines and approved the first step of a pilot program to use drones powered by artificial intelligence to track illegal dumping. Fines for third-time violators jumped to $5,000 and $1,500 for first-time violations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Those fines operate on an equity system that Lee said people can opt for community service instead of paying. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12081167\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bags of trash on the ground on 48th Avenue and East 12th Street near an illegal dumping ground in Oakland on April 23, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The grand jury made several recommendations, including that the city require businesses to subscribe to a waste collection service, enact improved education campaigns to promote bulky item services and designate a single person to manage all illegal dumping efforts\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Some residents say that economics are part of the reason for illegal dumping. Residential trash removal costs in Oakland are some of the highest in the Bay Area for household garbage bins, the Grand Jury noted. Monthly rates for a 32-gallon container for a single-family curbside collection cost $62.83, $110.31 for a 62-gallon container and $165.42 for 96-gallons. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Julia Velasco, an Oakland resident who rented a U-Haul to carry her garbage to the site, said the event was a good start. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people that are taking advantage of this,” Velasco said. “I think there’s other factors that kind of make it difficult. Sometimes, maybe it’s not people from Oakland, maybe it’s just other people passing by and dumping stuff.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092657\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Julia Velasco poses for a portrait in a U-Haul while she waits in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Courtney Payne, who was sandwiched between her parents Paul and Susan Payne as they waited in line in a U-Haul, said the city should increase the visibility of the events to ensure higher turnout. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I actually just found out about this like two days ago,” Courtney Payne said. “It’s like, how do people even know about this?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>City staff were there handing out flyers to get the word out about other disposal options. John Hillmon, public works operations manager Keep Oakland Clean and Beautiful, said the event allowed them to help educate residents. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’re excited about having the community come out and find a way to not do illegal dumping and get rid of these items in a legal way,” Hillmon said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next Bulky Block Party is taking place on Oct. 24, 2026 at 7101 Edgewater Drive and is open to Oakland residents. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It’s possibly the hottest party of the weekend in \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a>. But the cleanest? Don’t count on it. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>It’s possibly the hottest party of the weekend in \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a>. But the cleanest? Don’t count on it. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Dozens of residents lined up their vehicles this morning for the revival of the “Bulky Block Party,” where Oaklanders can discard their large household items for free as the city battles \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">a costly illegal dumping problem\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Dozens of residents lined up their vehicles this morning for the revival of the “Bulky Block Party,” where Oaklanders can discard their large household items for free as the city battles \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">a costly illegal dumping problem\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It was a party in the loosest sense possible — music blaring from a speaker as drivers pulled in — that the city says gives residents a chance to get rid of items that might otherwise end up on neighborhood streets. The event was last held in 2024 as a monthly disposal, but this is the first of a series of “parties” that will happen quarterly through April 2027. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>It was a party in the loosest sense possible — music blaring from a speaker as drivers pulled in — that the city says gives residents a chance to get rid of items that might otherwise end up on neighborhood streets. The event was last held in 2024 as a monthly disposal, but this is the first of a series of “parties” that will happen quarterly through April 2027. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vehicles loaded with trash wait in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092656\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vehicles loaded with trash wait in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Mayor Barbara Lee was there. She told KQED the event was part of a number of strategies the city is enacting to manage its illegal dumping problem.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Mayor Barbara Lee was there. She told KQED the event was part of a number of strategies the city is enacting to manage its illegal dumping problem.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I keep saying I want Oakland to be the cleanest, safest and greenest city in the country, and that’s about eradicating this,” Lee said. “This is outrageous what we see here in Oakland.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I keep saying I want Oakland to be the cleanest, safest and greenest city in the country, and that’s about eradicating this,” Lee said. “This is outrageous what we see here in Oakland.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>An Alameda County Grand Jury \u003ca href=\"https://grandjury.acgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/2025-2026-Alameda-County-Grand-Jury-Final-Report.pdf\">report \u003c/a>released this June criticized the city for the longstanding problem, finding that Oakland failed to inform residents about free bulky item disposal and that enforcement of illegal dumping had been “wholly inadequate.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>An Alameda County Grand Jury \u003ca href=\"https://grandjury.acgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/2025-2026-Alameda-County-Grand-Jury-Final-Report.pdf\">report \u003c/a>released this June criticized the city for the longstanding problem, finding that Oakland failed to inform residents about free bulky item disposal and that enforcement of illegal dumping had been “wholly inadequate.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092658\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mayor Barbara Lee poses for a portrait at a Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092658\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mayor Barbara Lee poses for a portrait at a Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Cleaning up the trash \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">cost the city\u003c/a> about $14 million in the 2024-25 fiscal year, according to a separate report from the city’s auditor in April. It found that a lot of the trash was from residents themselves, though outsiders do dump in the city as well. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Cleaning up the trash \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">cost the city\u003c/a> about $14 million in the 2024-25 fiscal year, according to a separate report from the city’s auditor in April. It found that a lot of the trash was from residents themselves, though outsiders do dump in the city as well. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>That same month, the city \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/post/oakland-doubling-fines-5000-deploying-drones-cracks-down-illegal-dumping-official-now-calling-crisis/18896091/\">doubled \u003c/a>its fines and approved the first step of a pilot program to use drones powered by artificial intelligence to track illegal dumping. Fines for third-time violators jumped to $5,000 and $1,500 for first-time violations. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>That same month, the city \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/post/oakland-doubling-fines-5000-deploying-drones-cracks-down-illegal-dumping-official-now-calling-crisis/18896091/\">doubled \u003c/a>its fines and approved the first step of a pilot program to use drones powered by artificial intelligence to track illegal dumping. Fines for third-time violators jumped to $5,000 and $1,500 for first-time violations. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Those fines operate on an equity system that Lee said people can opt for community service instead of paying. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Those fines operate on an equity system that Lee said people can opt for community service instead of paying. \u003c/p>\n"
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12081167\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bags of trash on the ground on 48th Avenue and East 12th Street near an illegal dumping ground in Oakland on April 23, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12081167\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bags of trash on the ground on 48th Avenue and East 12th Street near an illegal dumping ground in Oakland on April 23, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The grand jury made several recommendations, including that the city require businesses to subscribe to a waste collection service, enact improved education campaigns to promote bulky item services and designate a single person to manage all illegal dumping efforts\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The grand jury made several recommendations, including that the city require businesses to subscribe to a waste collection service, enact improved education campaigns to promote bulky item services and designate a single person to manage all illegal dumping efforts\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Some residents say that economics are part of the reason for illegal dumping. Residential trash removal costs in Oakland are some of the highest in the Bay Area for household garbage bins, the Grand Jury noted. Monthly rates for a 32-gallon container for a single-family curbside collection cost $62.83, $110.31 for a 62-gallon container and $165.42 for 96-gallons. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Some residents say that economics are part of the reason for illegal dumping. Residential trash removal costs in Oakland are some of the highest in the Bay Area for household garbage bins, the Grand Jury noted. Monthly rates for a 32-gallon container for a single-family curbside collection cost $62.83, $110.31 for a 62-gallon container and $165.42 for 96-gallons. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Julia Velasco, an Oakland resident who rented a U-Haul to carry her garbage to the site, said the event was a good start. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Julia Velasco, an Oakland resident who rented a U-Haul to carry her garbage to the site, said the event was a good start. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people that are taking advantage of this,” Velasco said. “I think there’s other factors that kind of make it difficult. Sometimes, maybe it’s not people from Oakland, maybe it’s just other people passing by and dumping stuff.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people that are taking advantage of this,” Velasco said. “I think there’s other factors that kind of make it difficult. Sometimes, maybe it’s not people from Oakland, maybe it’s just other people passing by and dumping stuff.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092657\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Julia Velasco poses for a portrait in a U-Haul while she waits in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092657\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Julia Velasco poses for a portrait in a U-Haul while she waits in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Courtney Payne, who was sandwiched between her parents Paul and Susan Payne as they waited in line in a U-Haul, said the city should increase the visibility of the events to ensure higher turnout. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Courtney Payne, who was sandwiched between her parents Paul and Susan Payne as they waited in line in a U-Haul, said the city should increase the visibility of the events to ensure higher turnout. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I actually just found out about this like two days ago,” Courtney Payne said. “It’s like, how do people even know about this?” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I actually just found out about this like two days ago,” Courtney Payne said. “It’s like, how do people even know about this?” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>City staff were there handing out flyers to get the word out about other disposal options. John Hillmon, public works operations manager Keep Oakland Clean and Beautiful, said the event allowed them to help educate residents. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>City staff were there handing out flyers to get the word out about other disposal options. John Hillmon, public works operations manager Keep Oakland Clean and Beautiful, said the event allowed them to help educate residents. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We’re excited about having the community come out and find a way to not do illegal dumping and get rid of these items in a legal way,” Hillmon said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The next Bulky Block Party is taking place on Oct. 24, 2026 at 7101 Edgewater Drive and is open to Oakland residents. \u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s possibly the hottest party of the weekend in \u003ca href=\"http://kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a>. But the cleanest? Don’t count on it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Dozens of residents lined up their vehicles this morning for the revival of the “Bulky Block Party,” where Oaklanders can discard their large household items for free as the city battles \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">a costly illegal dumping problem\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It was a party in the loosest sense possible — music blaring from a speaker as drivers pulled in — that the city says gives residents a chance to get rid of items that might otherwise end up on neighborhood streets. The event was last held in 2024 as a monthly disposal, but this is the first of a series of “parties” that will happen quarterly through April 2027. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092656\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00056_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Vehicles loaded with trash wait in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Mayor Barbara Lee was there. She told KQED the event was part of a number of strategies the city is enacting to manage its illegal dumping problem.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I keep saying I want Oakland to be the cleanest, safest and greenest city in the country, and that’s about eradicating this,” Lee said. “This is outrageous what we see here in Oakland.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An Alameda County Grand Jury \u003ca href=\"https://grandjury.acgov.org/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/2025-2026-Alameda-County-Grand-Jury-Final-Report.pdf\">report \u003c/a>released this June criticized the city for the longstanding problem, finding that Oakland failed to inform residents about free bulky item disposal and that enforcement of illegal dumping had been “wholly inadequate.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092658\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00210_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Mayor Barbara Lee poses for a portrait at a Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Cleaning up the trash \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12081003/illegal-dumping-is-a-big-problem-in-oakland-a-new-report-has-ideas-to-clean-up-the-mess\">cost the city\u003c/a> about $14 million in the 2024-25 fiscal year, according to a separate report from the city’s auditor in April. It found that a lot of the trash was from residents themselves, though outsiders do dump in the city as well. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That same month, the city \u003ca href=\"https://abc7news.com/post/oakland-doubling-fines-5000-deploying-drones-cracks-down-illegal-dumping-official-now-calling-crisis/18896091/\">doubled \u003c/a>its fines and approved the first step of a pilot program to use drones powered by artificial intelligence to track illegal dumping. Fines for third-time violators jumped to $5,000 and $1,500 for first-time violations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Those fines operate on an equity system that Lee said people can opt for community service instead of paying. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12081167\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260423-OAKLANDILLEGALDUMP00086_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bags of trash on the ground on 48th Avenue and East 12th Street near an illegal dumping ground in Oakland on April 23, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The grand jury made several recommendations, including that the city require businesses to subscribe to a waste collection service, enact improved education campaigns to promote bulky item services and designate a single person to manage all illegal dumping efforts\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Some residents say that economics are part of the reason for illegal dumping. Residential trash removal costs in Oakland are some of the highest in the Bay Area for household garbage bins, the Grand Jury noted. Monthly rates for a 32-gallon container for a single-family curbside collection cost $62.83, $110.31 for a 62-gallon container and $165.42 for 96-gallons. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Julia Velasco, an Oakland resident who rented a U-Haul to carry her garbage to the site, said the event was a good start. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of people that are taking advantage of this,” Velasco said. “I think there’s other factors that kind of make it difficult. Sometimes, maybe it’s not people from Oakland, maybe it’s just other people passing by and dumping stuff.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12092657\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260725-trashblockparty-00426_TV_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Julia Velasco poses for a portrait in a U-Haul while she waits in line to enter the Bulky Block Party, run by Oakland Public Works, where residents can dispose of their bulk items for free at 7101 Edgewater Drive in Oakland on July 25, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Courtney Payne, who was sandwiched between her parents Paul and Susan Payne as they waited in line in a U-Haul, said the city should increase the visibility of the events to ensure higher turnout. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I actually just found out about this like two days ago,” Courtney Payne said. “It’s like, how do people even know about this?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>City staff were there handing out flyers to get the word out about other disposal options. John Hillmon, public works operations manager Keep Oakland Clean and Beautiful, said the event allowed them to help educate residents. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We’re excited about having the community come out and find a way to not do illegal dumping and get rid of these items in a legal way,” Hillmon said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next Bulky Block Party is taking place on Oct. 24, 2026 at 7101 Edgewater Drive and is open to Oakland residents. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "a-bay-area-heat-wave-is-coming-along-with-beach-hazards-and-wildfires",
"title": "A Bay Area Heat Wave Is Coming, Along With Beach Hazards and Wildfire Risk",
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"content": "\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> is heading into its hottest stretch of the summer so far, with inland temperatures climbing toward 100 degrees by the weekend. But the heat may not be the most dangerous thing about this week’s weather.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As residents head for the coast to escape the heat, forecasters warn they will be walking into the most hazardous surf conditions of the season, driven by two distant hurricanes churning off Mexico. A weekend of dangerous waves has already prompted reports of roughly \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=mtr&issuedby=MTR&product=AFD\">25 water rescues\u003c/a> along the California coast.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We are recommending everyone to stay away from the beach and stay out of the water, “ said Nicole Sarment, a meteorologist with the Weather Service’s Bay Area office. “I know it’s going to be hot. I know people like the beach in the summer. But it’s just so dangerous out there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1358\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12047560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty-1536x1043.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People enjoying the sun at the Palace of Fine Arts as a heat wave rolls through San Francisco on July 11, 2024. (Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Making the ocean even more threatening is that it will appear calm, Sarment said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A long-period swell generated by hurricanes Fausto and Genevieve, the latter evolving into a Category 5 hurricane on Monday morning, is creating sneaker waves that can run far up the beach after 20 minutes or more of flat water, sweeping people and pets off dry sand and into cold, turbulent surf. Rip currents running stronger than normal can then pull even strong swimmers out to sea.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if the water seems flat for 20 minutes, you can still have an unsuspecting wave run much farther, up actually on dry sand, getting people who are sleeping, walking their dogs,” Sarment said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Her advice: stay off jetties, piers and rocks, stay out of the water, and never turn your back on the ocean. Breaking waves could reach \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">10 feet\u003c/a> at south- and southwest-facing beaches such as Ocean Beach, Pacifica and Santa Cruz. The Weather Service’s beach hazards warning runs through Wednesday afternoon and could extend into the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Heat is expected to peak Saturday, with the interior East Bay and North Bay potentially reaching 100 degrees, Sarment said. Temperatures across the region will run about 10 degrees above normal, though Sarment said that is not unusual for late July. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This split between a mild coast and a baking interior is the Bay Area’s signature summer pattern, thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092139/marine-layer-cools-bay-area-after-record-high-temps-with-hotter-weekend-forecast\">the marine layer\u003c/a>, the blanket of cool ocean air that acts as the region’s natural air conditioning. Under high pressure this week, that layer compresses to under 1,000 feet, Sarment said, shrinking the fog’s reach so that cooler air clings to the immediate coastline while inland valleys like Livermore roast unimpeded.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The coastal danger is not about tides or towering waves that look threatening. Sarment said it is an ocean that appears calm. The heat dries fuels quickly in the hills, and forecasters say the elevated fire threat, concentrated above the marine layer at about 2,000 feet and higher, will worsen toward the weekend as afternoon humidity in the driest spots drops toward 15%. The interior Central Coast and the region’s higher ranges, including the Diablo Range and the East Bay hills, are the areas of greatest concern.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11992382\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Children play in sprinklers at Meadow Homes Park in Concord on Sept. 8, 2022, as the temperature soared to 108 degrees. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Sarment said fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092116/little-fire-in-east-bay-crews-halt-spread-no-structures-damaged-pleasanton-mayor-says\">like the ones so far this summer\u003c/a> frequently trace to cars, either starting as vehicle fires that spread to vegetation, or blazes sparked by people driving or parking on dry grass.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Forecasters are urging people to avoid anything that could throw a spark, warning that fires that start now are likely to spread fast.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For those who spend the days outside, whether working, camping or home with kids on summer break, the Weather Service’s guidance is to hydrate, take frequent breaks and shift strenuous activity to the cooler parts of the day. Older adults, people without air conditioning, unhoused residents, pregnant women and young children are most at risk in the heat. She reminded to never leave children or pets in an unattended vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heat is expected to build midweek and peak into the weekend, though forecasters say there is still uncertainty in how hot it ultimately gets. The Weather Service is posting updates on its website and social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As residents head for the coast to escape the heat, forecasters warn they will be walking into the most hazardous surf conditions of the season, driven by two distant hurricanes churning off Mexico. A weekend of dangerous waves has already prompted reports of roughly \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=mtr&issuedby=MTR&product=AFD\">25 water rescues\u003c/a> along the California coast.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We are recommending everyone to stay away from the beach and stay out of the water, “ said Nicole Sarment, a meteorologist with the Weather Service’s Bay Area office. “I know it’s going to be hot. I know people like the beach in the summer. But it’s just so dangerous out there.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12047560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty-1536x1043.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People enjoying the sun at the Palace of Fine Arts as a heat wave rolls through San Francisco on July 11, 2024. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Making the ocean even more threatening is that it will appear calm, Sarment said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A long-period swell generated by hurricanes Fausto and Genevieve, the latter evolving into a Category 5 hurricane on Monday morning, is creating sneaker waves that can run far up the beach after 20 minutes or more of flat water, sweeping people and pets off dry sand and into cold, turbulent surf. Rip currents running stronger than normal can then pull even strong swimmers out to sea.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Her advice: stay off jetties, piers and rocks, stay out of the water, and never turn your back on the ocean. Breaking waves could reach \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">10 feet\u003c/a> at south- and southwest-facing beaches such as Ocean Beach, Pacifica and Santa Cruz. The Weather Service’s beach hazards warning runs through Wednesday afternoon and could extend into the weekend.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Her advice: stay off jetties, piers and rocks, stay out of the water, and never turn your back on the ocean. Breaking waves could reach \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">10 feet\u003c/a> at south- and southwest-facing beaches such as Ocean Beach, Pacifica and Santa Cruz. The Weather Service’s beach hazards warning runs through Wednesday afternoon and could extend into the weekend.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Heat is expected to peak Saturday, with the interior East Bay and North Bay potentially reaching 100 degrees, Sarment said. Temperatures across the region will run about 10 degrees above normal, though Sarment said that is not unusual for late July. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Heat is expected to peak Saturday, with the interior East Bay and North Bay potentially reaching 100 degrees, Sarment said. Temperatures across the region will run about 10 degrees above normal, though Sarment said that is not unusual for late July. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This split between a mild coast and a baking interior is the Bay Area’s signature summer pattern, thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092139/marine-layer-cools-bay-area-after-record-high-temps-with-hotter-weekend-forecast\">the marine layer\u003c/a>, the blanket of cool ocean air that acts as the region’s natural air conditioning. Under high pressure this week, that layer compresses to under 1,000 feet, Sarment said, shrinking the fog’s reach so that cooler air clings to the immediate coastline while inland valleys like Livermore roast unimpeded.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The coastal danger is not about tides or towering waves that look threatening. Sarment said it is an ocean that appears calm. The heat dries fuels quickly in the hills, and forecasters say the elevated fire threat, concentrated above the marine layer at about 2,000 feet and higher, will worsen toward the weekend as afternoon humidity in the driest spots drops toward 15%. The interior Central Coast and the region’s higher ranges, including the Diablo Range and the East Bay hills, are the areas of greatest concern.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The coastal danger is not about tides or towering waves that look threatening. Sarment said it is an ocean that appears calm. The heat dries fuels quickly in the hills, and forecasters say the elevated fire threat, concentrated above the marine layer at about 2,000 feet and higher, will worsen toward the weekend as afternoon humidity in the driest spots drops toward 15%. The interior Central Coast and the region’s higher ranges, including the Diablo Range and the East Bay hills, are the areas of greatest concern.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Sarment said fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092116/little-fire-in-east-bay-crews-halt-spread-no-structures-damaged-pleasanton-mayor-says\">like the ones so far this summer\u003c/a> frequently trace to cars, either starting as vehicle fires that spread to vegetation, or blazes sparked by people driving or parking on dry grass.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Sarment said fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092116/little-fire-in-east-bay-crews-halt-spread-no-structures-damaged-pleasanton-mayor-says\">like the ones so far this summer\u003c/a> frequently trace to cars, either starting as vehicle fires that spread to vegetation, or blazes sparked by people driving or parking on dry grass.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Forecasters are urging people to avoid anything that could throw a spark, warning that fires that start now are likely to spread fast.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>For those who spend the days outside, whether working, camping or home with kids on summer break, the Weather Service’s guidance is to hydrate, take frequent breaks and shift strenuous activity to the cooler parts of the day. Older adults, people without air conditioning, unhoused residents, pregnant women and young children are most at risk in the heat. She reminded to never leave children or pets in an unattended vehicle.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>For those who spend the days outside, whether working, camping or home with kids on summer break, the Weather Service’s guidance is to hydrate, take frequent breaks and shift strenuous activity to the cooler parts of the day. Older adults, people without air conditioning, unhoused residents, pregnant women and young children are most at risk in the heat. She reminded to never leave children or pets in an unattended vehicle.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The heat is expected to build midweek and peak into the weekend, though forecasters say there is still uncertainty in how hot it ultimately gets. The Weather Service is posting updates on its website and social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Temperatures inland could hit over 100 degrees by Saturday, but the National Weather Service says the deadlier threat is the surf, where a distant hurricane swell has already driven a weekend of water rescues.",
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"title": "A Bay Area Heat Wave Is Coming, Along With Beach Hazards and Wildfire Risk | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bay-area\">Bay Area\u003c/a> is heading into its hottest stretch of the summer so far, with inland temperatures climbing toward 100 degrees by the weekend. But the heat may not be the most dangerous thing about this week’s weather.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As residents head for the coast to escape the heat, forecasters warn they will be walking into the most hazardous surf conditions of the season, driven by two distant hurricanes churning off Mexico. A weekend of dangerous waves has already prompted reports of roughly \u003ca href=\"https://forecast.weather.gov/product.php?site=mtr&issuedby=MTR&product=AFD\">25 water rescues\u003c/a> along the California coast.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We are recommending everyone to stay away from the beach and stay out of the water, “ said Nicole Sarment, a meteorologist with the Weather Service’s Bay Area office. “I know it’s going to be hot. I know people like the beach in the summer. But it’s just so dangerous out there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1358\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12047560\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty-160x109.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/Heat-Wave-SF-Getty-1536x1043.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">People enjoying the sun at the Palace of Fine Arts as a heat wave rolls through San Francisco on July 11, 2024. (Tayfun Coskun/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Making the ocean even more threatening is that it will appear calm, Sarment said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A long-period swell generated by hurricanes Fausto and Genevieve, the latter evolving into a Category 5 hurricane on Monday morning, is creating sneaker waves that can run far up the beach after 20 minutes or more of flat water, sweeping people and pets off dry sand and into cold, turbulent surf. Rip currents running stronger than normal can then pull even strong swimmers out to sea.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Even if the water seems flat for 20 minutes, you can still have an unsuspecting wave run much farther, up actually on dry sand, getting people who are sleeping, walking their dogs,” Sarment said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Her advice: stay off jetties, piers and rocks, stay out of the water, and never turn your back on the ocean. Breaking waves could reach \u003ca href=\"https://www.weather.gov/mtr/\">10 feet\u003c/a> at south- and southwest-facing beaches such as Ocean Beach, Pacifica and Santa Cruz. The Weather Service’s beach hazards warning runs through Wednesday afternoon and could extend into the weekend.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Heat is expected to peak Saturday, with the interior East Bay and North Bay potentially reaching 100 degrees, Sarment said. Temperatures across the region will run about 10 degrees above normal, though Sarment said that is not unusual for late July. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This split between a mild coast and a baking interior is the Bay Area’s signature summer pattern, thanks to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092139/marine-layer-cools-bay-area-after-record-high-temps-with-hotter-weekend-forecast\">the marine layer\u003c/a>, the blanket of cool ocean air that acts as the region’s natural air conditioning. Under high pressure this week, that layer compresses to under 1,000 feet, Sarment said, shrinking the fog’s reach so that cooler air clings to the immediate coastline while inland valleys like Livermore roast unimpeded.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The coastal danger is not about tides or towering waves that look threatening. Sarment said it is an ocean that appears calm. The heat dries fuels quickly in the hills, and forecasters say the elevated fire threat, concentrated above the marine layer at about 2,000 feet and higher, will worsen toward the weekend as afternoon humidity in the driest spots drops toward 15%. The interior Central Coast and the region’s higher ranges, including the Diablo Range and the East Bay hills, are the areas of greatest concern.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-11992382\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/06/026_KQED_HeatWaveConcord_09082022_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Children play in sprinklers at Meadow Homes Park in Concord on Sept. 8, 2022, as the temperature soared to 108 degrees. (Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Sarment said fires \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12092116/little-fire-in-east-bay-crews-halt-spread-no-structures-damaged-pleasanton-mayor-says\">like the ones so far this summer\u003c/a> frequently trace to cars, either starting as vehicle fires that spread to vegetation, or blazes sparked by people driving or parking on dry grass.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Forecasters are urging people to avoid anything that could throw a spark, warning that fires that start now are likely to spread fast.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For those who spend the days outside, whether working, camping or home with kids on summer break, the Weather Service’s guidance is to hydrate, take frequent breaks and shift strenuous activity to the cooler parts of the day. Older adults, people without air conditioning, unhoused residents, pregnant women and young children are most at risk in the heat. She reminded to never leave children or pets in an unattended vehicle.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The heat is expected to build midweek and peak into the weekend, though forecasters say there is still uncertainty in how hot it ultimately gets. The Weather Service is posting updates on its website and social media accounts.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "oakland-police-arrest-suspect-in-assault-of-councilmember-rowena-brown",
"title": "Oakland Police Arrest Suspect in Assault of Councilmember Rowena Brown",
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"content": "\u003cp>A suspect has been arrested after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> City Councilmember Rowena Brown was robbed and assaulted in her home last week by an acquaintance she was helping through a hard time. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oakland police arrested Ahshatae Millhouse, 38, of Hayward, in Livermore on Tuesday on suspicion of first-degree burglary, assault and false imprisonment. She was booked into Santa Rita Jail and arraigned in Oakland on Thursday. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Brown’s office said in a post \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a> this week that the council member at large sought medical treatment after the incident and is recovering with support from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“She remains focused on her recovery and on continuing to serve the Oakland community,” her office said. “We are grateful to the Oakland Police Department for its swift response, for taking the suspect into custody, and for its continued investigation of the incident.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12084253\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">An Oakland Police vehicle in Oakland, California, on Nov. 5, 2025. (Smith Collection/Gado via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to court documents, Millhouse was at Brown’s apartment in the early hours of July 19. Brown asked her to leave “because of her escalating behavior,” and on her way to the door, Millhouse allegedly punched Brown twice, causing her to fall to the ground. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millhouse then dragged Brown by her hair into the living room, where she pressed her knee into Brown’s neck, according to court documents. Millhouse placed both of her hands around Brown’s neck and strangled her, the report said, before Brown was able to escape the apartment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Millhouse allegedly fled the scene with Brown’s purse and two cellphones. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Sending you love, healing and support during this difficult time,” Councilmember Janani Ramachandran wrote to Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a>. “You are an incredibly strong person and Oakland is lucky to have your leadership!”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to Brown’s staff, Millhouse was an acquaintance that Brown was helping through a difficult time. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Millhouse’s brother, Terrill Millhouse, was shot and killed in East Oakland in November, the night before Thanksgiving. Last week, Oakland police released \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/reel/1354358532863216\">surveillance footage\u003c/a> of the suspect in the incident. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Millhouse and Brown have been acquainted since at least August 2024, when social media posts show Millhouse, who directs a music therapy nonprofit, campaigned for Brown. In February, Brown appointed Millhouse to the city’s Cannabis Regulatory Commission.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Barbara Lee said \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJHSLBFDTb/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==\">on social media\u003c/a> on Thursday that she had been in touch with Brown, and that “she is well and recovering from her injuries.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I want to thank her friends, family and OPD for their support during this period and ask that her privacy be respected at this time,” she wrote. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millhouse is set to return to court on July 30. She has not yet entered a plea.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Oakland police arrested Ahshatae Millhouse, 38, of Hayward, in Livermore on Tuesday on suspicion of first-degree burglary, assault and false imprisonment. She was booked into Santa Rita Jail and arraigned in Oakland on Thursday. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Brown’s office said in a post \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a> this week that the council member at large sought medical treatment after the incident and is recovering with support from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“She remains focused on her recovery and on continuing to serve the Oakland community,” her office said. “We are grateful to the Oakland Police Department for its swift response, for taking the suspect into custody, and for its continued investigation of the incident.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>According to court documents, Millhouse was at Brown’s apartment in the early hours of July 19. Brown asked her to leave “because of her escalating behavior,” and on her way to the door, Millhouse allegedly punched Brown twice, causing her to fall to the ground. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>According to court documents, Millhouse was at Brown’s apartment in the early hours of July 19. Brown asked her to leave “because of her escalating behavior,” and on her way to the door, Millhouse allegedly punched Brown twice, causing her to fall to the ground. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Millhouse then dragged Brown by her hair into the living room, where she pressed her knee into Brown’s neck, according to court documents. Millhouse placed both of her hands around Brown’s neck and strangled her, the report said, before Brown was able to escape the apartment. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Millhouse then dragged Brown by her hair into the living room, where she pressed her knee into Brown’s neck, according to court documents. Millhouse placed both of her hands around Brown’s neck and strangled her, the report said, before Brown was able to escape the apartment. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Millhouse allegedly fled the scene with Brown’s purse and two cellphones. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Sending you love, healing and support during this difficult time,” Councilmember Janani Ramachandran wrote to Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a>. “You are an incredibly strong person and Oakland is lucky to have your leadership!”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Sending you love, healing and support during this difficult time,” Councilmember Janani Ramachandran wrote to Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a>. “You are an incredibly strong person and Oakland is lucky to have your leadership!”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>According to Brown’s staff, Millhouse was an acquaintance that Brown was helping through a difficult time. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Millhouse’s brother, Terrill Millhouse, was shot and killed in East Oakland in November, the night before Thanksgiving. Last week, Oakland police released \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/reel/1354358532863216\">surveillance footage\u003c/a> of the suspect in the incident. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Millhouse and Brown have been acquainted since at least August 2024, when social media posts show Millhouse, who directs a music therapy nonprofit, campaigned for Brown. In February, Brown appointed Millhouse to the city’s Cannabis Regulatory Commission.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Barbara Lee said \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJHSLBFDTb/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==\">on social media\u003c/a> on Thursday that she had been in touch with Brown, and that “she is well and recovering from her injuries.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I want to thank her friends, family and OPD for their support during this period and ask that her privacy be respected at this time,” she wrote. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Millhouse is set to return to court on July 30. She has not yet entered a plea.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Brown’s acquaintance, Ahshatae Millhouse, 38, of Hayward, was arraigned Thursday for an assault and robbery that took place in the official’s Oakland home.",
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"title": "Oakland Police Arrest Suspect in Assault of Councilmember Rowena Brown | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A suspect has been arrested after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> City Councilmember Rowena Brown was robbed and assaulted in her home last week by an acquaintance she was helping through a hard time. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oakland police arrested Ahshatae Millhouse, 38, of Hayward, in Livermore on Tuesday on suspicion of first-degree burglary, assault and false imprisonment. She was booked into Santa Rita Jail and arraigned in Oakland on Thursday. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Brown’s office said in a post \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a> this week that the council member at large sought medical treatment after the incident and is recovering with support from loved ones.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“She remains focused on her recovery and on continuing to serve the Oakland community,” her office said. “We are grateful to the Oakland Police Department for its swift response, for taking the suspect into custody, and for its continued investigation of the incident.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12084253\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/05/OaklandPoliceCarKQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">An Oakland Police vehicle in Oakland, California, on Nov. 5, 2025. (Smith Collection/Gado via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to court documents, Millhouse was at Brown’s apartment in the early hours of July 19. Brown asked her to leave “because of her escalating behavior,” and on her way to the door, Millhouse allegedly punched Brown twice, causing her to fall to the ground. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millhouse then dragged Brown by her hair into the living room, where she pressed her knee into Brown’s neck, according to court documents. Millhouse placed both of her hands around Brown’s neck and strangled her, the report said, before Brown was able to escape the apartment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Millhouse allegedly fled the scene with Brown’s purse and two cellphones. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Sending you love, healing and support during this difficult time,” Councilmember Janani Ramachandran wrote to Brown \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJBymfPeHD/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=MzRlODBiNWFlZA==\">on social media\u003c/a>. “You are an incredibly strong person and Oakland is lucky to have your leadership!”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>According to Brown’s staff, Millhouse was an acquaintance that Brown was helping through a difficult time. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Millhouse’s brother, Terrill Millhouse, was shot and killed in East Oakland in November, the night before Thanksgiving. Last week, Oakland police released \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/reel/1354358532863216\">surveillance footage\u003c/a> of the suspect in the incident. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Millhouse and Brown have been acquainted since at least August 2024, when social media posts show Millhouse, who directs a music therapy nonprofit, campaigned for Brown. In February, Brown appointed Millhouse to the city’s Cannabis Regulatory Commission.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oakland Mayor Barbara Lee said \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DbJHSLBFDTb/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link&igsh=NTc4MTIwNjQ2YQ==\">on social media\u003c/a> on Thursday that she had been in touch with Brown, and that “she is well and recovering from her injuries.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I want to thank her friends, family and OPD for their support during this period and ask that her privacy be respected at this time,” she wrote. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Millhouse is set to return to court on July 30. She has not yet entered a plea.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "the-bruce-lee-fight-in-oakland-that-became-martial-arts-legend",
"title": "The Bruce Lee Fight in Oakland That Became Martial Arts Legend",
"publishDate": 1784850540,
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"headTitle": "The Bruce Lee Fight in Oakland That Became Martial Arts Legend | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Greglon Lee peered through the gaps in a black, wrought-iron fence enclosing an empty corner lot on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland’s\u003c/a> Auto Row. More than half a century ago, the martial arts legend Bruce Lee — then still unknown — ran a kung fu studio here with Greglon’s father. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Though they were peers and close friends, Greglon’s father was one of Bruce’s most fervent disciples.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The main teacher was Bruce,” Greglon said. “My dad was 20 years older, and had just as much experience, but he let Bruce run things. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086153\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Greglon Lee stores James Lee’s old Mook Jong, a training tool in martial arts, in the garage of the apartment complex he lives at in Berkeley on June 1, 2026. Greglon Lee is the son of James Lee, a martial artist who once was Bruce Lee’s training partner. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The studio served as the ring of what may have been one of the most important fights of Bruce Lee’s life: the Showdown in Oakland. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the school where Bruce fought Wong Jack-man,” Greglon said. “Bruce took it personally.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco when his parents were on tour with an opera company from Hong Kong. He returned to the Bay Area as a young man to study and train, making a name for himself as a martial artist. But only recently has California made an effort to recognize and celebrate the Hollywood star’s early roots here. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Earlier this summer, San Francisco officials and Chinatown community members, along with Bruce’s daughter, Shannon, led the effort to commemorate May 17 — the day Bruce moved back to the city from Hong Kong as a teen — as Bruce Lee Day — becoming the first Chinese American to be honored with a namesake day in state history. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\nhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=k2BKNDc48N4\n\u003c/div>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Though the Hollywood icon and martial artist’s time here in the Bay Area was brief, it was formative. Among the best-known chapters is the Showdown in Oakland, when he exchanged blows with a martial artist from San Francisco. The fight has become lore in the martial arts world, the subject of books, magazine articles and films, and is well-known to Bruce Lee fans around the world. More than 60 years after it happened, it remains controversial and hotly debated within dojos and on online forums. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s the story of how gung fu — let’s call it by its English name — how kung fu becomes American,” said Berkeley-based historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, who wrote the recent biography \u003cem>Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian-America, \u003c/em>of the fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Like the classic Akira Kurosawa film \u003cem>Rashomon\u003c/em>, which explores truth and self-interest among characters who give contradictory accounts of an event they witness, the story of the fight reads like a case study in selective human memory. Countless retellings, each drawing from legend and third-hand accounts, have inevitably added a bit to the hero’s journey, turning the story into its own myth. Here’s what really happened: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moving back to the heart of the martial arts scene \u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In 1964, Bruce was a student at the University of Washington, but spent more time fighting than studying. Through his work as a cha-cha instructor, which would occasionally bring him to the Bay Area to make money, he met an Oakland resident named James Yimm Lee — Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>James, who grew up in Oakland, came from the world of blue-collar bodybuilding and weightlifting. But he was also a skilled martial artist who wanted to modernize and popularize the sport. When he met Bruce, James realized he “was the real deal,” Greglon said, “kind of like the [martial arts] Michael Jordan.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1442\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091696\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED.jpg 1442w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED-160x222.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED-1107x1536.jpg 1107w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1442px) 100vw, 1442px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in long-sleeved shirt, smiling in a family portrait. His wife, Linda Lee Caldwell, holds her daughter, Shannon, with Brandon on the left. (Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Despite sharing a surname, the men weren’t related but became fast friends and instant collaborators. So, James convinced Bruce to move, along with his wife Linda Lee Caldwell — who was then eight months pregnant — to the Bay Area, to live with James and his two children. James’ wife had just died of cancer, so Linda helped care for Greglon and his sister. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area, at that point,” said Chang, is “the heart of the U.S. martial arts movement. You have like all of these folks who are working class fighters … security guards or policemen or military. And they’re all mixing up into a martial arts scene that now is desegregating — and it’s created a lot of ferment. Bruce wanted to be down there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce and James spent countless hours together, training and dissecting their craft. The two articulated a shared vision of martial arts: one that fluidly changed between styles and forms, and drew upon Daoism as a philosophy for how to live. To practice these ideas, they set up a kung fu school together in Oakland, which at first they ran out of James’ garage. When they started to pick up more students, they opened up the storefront at 4157 Broadway Street. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The two shared a belief that martial arts should be more adaptable, not as fixed in style or form. And they both chafed at what they perceived as rigidity among other martial arts teachers — particularly in San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As a young man, Bruce had run afoul of some of the San Francisco Chinatown koons — or kung fu schools. The community, at that time, was extremely wary of outsiders, and, due to decades of anti-Chinese racism, protective of their schools, Chang said. Exclusionary policies had heavily \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11443320/as-chinese-exclusion-act-turns-135-experts-point-to-parallels-today\">restricted Chinese immigration\u003c/a>, siloing off the community from newer waves of Chinese from the mainland and surrounding territories. San Francisco residents didn’t know what to make of Bruce, Chang said — “a loud, brash immigrant from Hong Kong.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Sun Sing Theater demonstration\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Tensions came to a head in August 1964, when Bruce gave a martial arts demonstration at San Francisco Chinatown’s \u003ca href=\"https://cinematreasures.org/theaters/3939/\">Sun Sing Theater\u003c/a> at 1021 Grant Ave. — one of San Francisco’s oldest opera houses, and where his father had performed opera nearly two decades earlier (though the building’s gorgeous facade remains, it’s boarded up today).\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce had been there on tour with Diana Chang, known as the “Mandarin Marilyn Monroe,” to dance the cha-cha. But after they finished their performance, Bruce had a surprise for the crowd: he took to the stage to demonstrate his style of martial arts for the packed house. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A fight nearly broke out on stage, and the crowd hurled cigarette butts and insults at Bruce, then only 24 years old. As Chang describes it, Bruce scrambled to get the situation back under control.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1338\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091695\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-1536x1028.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in a yellow jumpsuit in action while directing Kareem Abdul-Jabbar on the set of “Game of Death.” (Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I would like to let everybody know that any time my Chinatown brothers want to try out my Wing Chun,” Bruce said, as retold in Chang’s book, “they are welcomed to come find me at my school in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To the riled-up crowd, this sounded like a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To the San Francisco martial artists, a fight seemed inevitable. And they chose a promising young fighter, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.jingmo.com/\">\u003cem>jing wu\u003c/em>\u003c/a> star named Wong Jack-man, to challenge the “young dissident,” as the elders in the city called him. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Wong was known for being stoic, polished — a picture of grace and power — in comparison with Bruce’s more back-alley style of brawling. To this day, it’s not clear why he agreed to the proposal when his Chinatown friends came to the Jackson Cafe, at 633 Battery, where he worked as a waiter, and asked him to represent the big city in the challenge against Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ‘Showdown in Oakland’\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The match-up — wrote Charles Russo, San Francisco journalist and author of \u003cem>Striking Distance: Bruce Lee and the Dawn of Martial Arts in America\u003c/em> — was “spectacular,” pitting two talented young martial artists with a uniquely yin-yang-like symmetry together. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Bruce’s style was compact and economical. Wong’s expansive and acrobatic,” Russo said. “Collectively, it had all the characteristics of a fight promoter’s dream.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At the end of a cold day in November 1964, Wong Jack-man and his friends piled into a crimson Pontiac Tempest and drove to the Broadway studio in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086152\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee’s old home on Monticello Avenue in East Oakland on June 1, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Waiting inside were a “very pregnant Linda,” James, and Bruce, Chang said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Wong was dressed formally, in a dark, high-collared, long-sleeved uniform with lacing down the middle. Bruce wore white jeans and a white tank top. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>There were a total of nine people in the studio, only one of whom is alive today, Bruce’s wife Linda. And she did not speak Cantonese, the \u003cem>lingua franca\u003c/em> of the fight, so undoubtedly some context was lost. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>However, everyone can agree on what happened next: David Chin, one of Wong’s friends and an instigator of the fight, began enumerating rules. Bruce “kept the tone harsh,” martial arts journalist Russo said: “You came to my school to challenge me, and now you want to set the rules?”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When Wong reached out to shake hands, the tense Bruce Lee threw out a feint that crashed right above Wong’s eye — immediately setting the tone for the rest of the fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1539\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091693\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-1536x1182.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee during the Hall of Mirrors scene on the set of “Enter the Dragon.” (Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At one point, wrote Rick Wing, one of Wong’s students and another chronicler of the fight, Wong got Bruce into a headlock, though eventually, he let go.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Wong considered Lee to be a sparring opponent only, and not a mortal enemy,” Wing said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Wong later told Wing about Bruce: “He would never say he lost until you killed him.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A final detail of the fight that everyone agrees with: once Bruce got out of the headlock, he lunged after Wong, who turned and tried to evade the attack. Then, he tripped on a floorboard. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The two scuffled on the edge of the studio, with Bruce pummeling Wong with punches and yelling, “Admit it, you lost!”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Whether Wong actually surrendered is up for debate. However, multiple kung fu students of San Francisco Chinatown have relayed third-hand that if Wong had won, the neighborhood would have been celebrating. Instead, it was silent the next day, like a funeral. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The aftermath of the fight\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The details are somewhat unremarkable — a messy fight in a small Oakland studio with a murky victory — but rumors of the fight, and what caused it, would spread like wildfire through the martial arts community and ultimately reach Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The rumor mill claimed over and over — in tabloids, martial arts magazines and even major Hollywood films — that Chinatown’s old guard took issue with Bruce teaching kung fu to non-Chinese people. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086154\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Greglon Lee poses for a portrait at the apartment complex he lives at in Berkeley on June 1, 2026. Greglon Lee is the son of James Lee, a martial artist who once was Bruce Lee’s training partner. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Those who peddle this narrative often point to discrimination Bruce may have faced growing up in Hong Kong, due to his own background as a quarter-Dutch on his mom’s side. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But Chang questioned whether this narrative holds up to scrutiny. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people,” Chang said. “I just think that’s not true at all. The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But the fight did have a big effect on Bruce’s life and career.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For all of his bluster, the fight against Wong Jack-man was a huge reality check for Bruce, who realized his technique and conditioning came up short of his own expectations. His sloppy “victory” would forever alter his approach to martial arts, his biographers have said, and came at the right time, just as his Hollywood star was about to rise. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Iron sharpens iron,” Greglon said. “You always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better. [After] the fight with Wong Jack-man, Bruce changed his training completely. It helped Bruce go to another level.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Just months after The Showdown in Oakland, Bruce Lee got a call from a Hollywood producer asking him to audition for a part. It was his first big break and the beginning of a distinguished film career that ultimately led to Bruce starring in his most famous film, \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Whether or not the story bears the weight of the facts, “there’s a great mythology here,” Chang said, that may represent its power to this day. In the showdown, Bruce Lee’s fans found a battle over culture and change, one that matched the upheaval of the times, and wider shifts within Asian America. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Although that context was real, the more meaningful transformation was within Bruce himself. He went on to dedicate his life to becoming one of the best that ever lived. As an actor, he challenged stereotypes in Hollywood, refusing roles that typecast him. In his short life, he paved the way for future generations and set an example that continues to inspire and comfort fans to this day.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cp>[baycuriousquestion]\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode transcript\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There was always something special about Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Enter the Dragon theme song plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>The martial artist and actor was one of the first Asian stars in Hollywood. His path to fame wasn’t easy, but it paved the way for other Asian Americans to do the same today. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>There’s this famous thing Bruce said…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I said empty your mind…be formless, shapeless…like water. Water can flow or crash. Be water, my friend…”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>It’s the cornerstone of his martial arts philosophy…as much a mantra for how to live as a fighting technique. Be adaptable. Go with the flow … even if you’re riding a tidal wave.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce was a disruptor in the kung fu world…a young upstart who wanted to do things differently. Though he would eventually become this legendary figure in American culture, it took him years to hone his own style and philosophy. And many of the early moments that shaped him, the ones that made him \u003cem>the\u003c/em> Bruce Lee we see on the silver screen, they took place in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I assume there’s people alive still in Oakland and San Francisco who know him and have great stories to share. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That’s Bay Curious listener Sam Hopkins. Sam’s first exposure to Bruce Lee was in the star’s most famous film — Enter the Dragon.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>Most people would say like the defining one in the one that first like drew me into him and pulled me in. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>As a kid, he loved Bruce’s kung-fu moves. But as an adult he’s come to appreciate how brave Bruce was. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>The thing that really inspires me about him is that he changed how people think. And that’s so powerful, like how they view themselves and how they view others and pushed against like all these stereotypes and all these limitations that Hollywood was putting on him and society was putting on him. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Sam’s become kind of obsessed. He’s watched documentaries about Bruce Lee, been to museum exhibits about him and located local spots in San Francisco and Oakland that were meaningful in Bruce’s life. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>And I just have always wondered though, why isn’t there more in terms of honoring his legacy and all the great things that he did in his time here? \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There’s this one story Sam has heard over and over about “The Showdown in Oakland,” a fight between Bruce and a kung fu fighter from San Francisco that has become lore in the martial arts world. It’s one of the early moments in Bruce’s career that puts him on the map, and it’s practically a legend at this point. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I’ve heard different versions of it. So I’m just so curious, like which one is like the most accurate?\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>This is Bay Curious. The show where we answer listener questions about the San Francisco Bay Area. I’m Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>KQED’s Elize Manoukian set out to separate fact from fiction and understand what role the Bay Area played in Bruce Lee’s life.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> There’s an interview Bruce Lee gives in 1966, right as his star is about to rise. He’s still a bit of an unknown…it seems like the interviewer doesn’t know who he is.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>I think his name is Bruce Lee…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In the interview, Bruce explains to a mainstream American audience what kung fu is, using the Chinese pronunciation.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>Well, gung fu is a Chinese form of combat. Arts like karate or jiu jitsu derive from gung fu. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then the journalist asks him: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>Don’t you have some karate schools in San Francisco or something?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>There are multiple issues with that question, but Bruce homes in on just one.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: In Oakland, really. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even at this early point in his Hollywood career, the difference between the two Bay Area cities was important to him. You’ll soon hear why.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce lived in the Bay Area only a short while — just a few years — but his time in Oakland and San Francisco would go on to have a major influence on his career, and some have argued, on the way we think about martial arts in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It’s a story in a way of how gung fu…how Kung Fu becomes American\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, the author of a recent Bruce Lee biography, “Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian America.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I asked him to tell me about Bruce’s life here, starting from the very beginning. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Bruce was born in the Bay Area. He is there because his parents are on a tour. His dad is a famous Cantonese opera singer.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And while his dad is performing in San Francisco, his mom becomes pregnant\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So he’s born in this segregated hospital in 1940.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In San Francisco’s Chinese Hospital, which is still open today. His mom, Grace, names her baby Bruce. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Soon after, the family heads back to Hong Kong, which is quickly becoming the heart of Asia’s film industry. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce’s dad, Hoi Cheun, transitions from singing opera to acting in movies. And at a young age, Bruce starts acting too.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So the directors are looking at who’s this kid. He’s so, he’s so fascinating. He’s got so much energy. He loves to be. He’s like a born showperson. Let’s put him in the movies. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bruce Lee speaking Cantonese in The Kid\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Bruce at age 10, in a movie called the Kid. It’s about a tough street urchin with a heart of gold. The film premieres in 1950, and it’s a smash success in Hong Kong. But being famous is hard on Bruce, and he starts getting picked on in school.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This is Bruce Lee’s martial arts origin story. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And so he learns to try to figure out ways of protecting himself.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And eventually, he meets a seifu, a Gongfu seifu named Yipman. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Yipman is a legendary figure in 1950s Hong Kong. He trains Bruce in a discipline called Wing Chun. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At this point, Hong Kong’s youth culture is obsessed with kung fu and streetfighting. Kids would literally challenge each other and battle on school rooftops.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Turns out that Bruce really loves the taste of blood on his lips.\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cem>Music end\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce has a short fuse and loves “talking with his hands,”. During his teen years, he gets a bad boy, James-Dean-kinda reputation in Hong Kong. He even gets kicked out of school for fighting. One day, when Bruce is 18 years old, the police come to his parents house, and tell them that if he stays in Hong Kong, he’ll be arrested. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And his parents are like, that’s it. You know, the police are after you, like the gangs are after you. You’re not, you’re not going to be here anymore. We’re going to send you back to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Remember, Bruce was born in the U.S., so he’s a citizen. In 1959, his parents give him $100 and send him to live with one of their friends in San Francisco Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce gets a job, his first non-acting job, at a restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He hates it. He can’t take it. Like, this is beneath me. You know, I’ve been on the movie screen, and now you got me cutting carrots. Like, no, I’m not, I’m not about that life. So he quits in a day. And his guardian is like, OK, — Well, I guess we have to have you teach cha-cha then.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Oh, I forgot to mention: Bruce is an amazing dancer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Cha-cha was a huge craze in 1950s Hong Kong, and Bruce is super athletic. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>So while learning English, Bruce starts teaching cha-cha to San Francisco’s Chinese community to make money. But he’s bored. And restless. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he’s like, where are the fighters here? \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He can’t help himself. There’s some part of him that just needs to feel the \u003cem>rush\u003c/em> of a real, flesh-and-blood fight again. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>So he walks into a kung fu school and challenges the other students to a fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And they run him out immediately.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s the first in a long list of grievances San Francisco’s kung fu community will have with Bruce. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As if his parents read the writing on the wall, they decide to send him to Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>His parents are like, OK, you’re going to get in trouble again. We’re sending you to a place where there’s less Chinese, there’s less distractions. And you’re going to finish your fricking diploma, and you’re going to get a college degree.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> He never gets that diploma. In fact, Bruce doesn’t last long in Seattle, although he does end up getting married to a woman named Linda while he’s there. The Bay Area is the heart of the West Coast’s martial arts scene, and Bruce wants to get back there. So he drops out of the University of Washington, moves his young family, and gambles everything…on the Bay. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/strong>Back in Oakland, Bruce meets some folks who help him refine his theories and practice of martial arts. More on that when we come back. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor break\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> The year is 1964, a time of major cultural change. Young people are questioning everything about U.S. society. And Bruce Lee, who has just moved back to the Bay Area as a 24-year-old college dropout, is going through his own personal revolution. He isn’t just studying martial arts; he has some radical ideas about its future. And he finds some enthusiastic disciples in the Bay Area. Elize Manoukian takes us to Oakland. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Yeah, this is the old house: 3039 Monticello. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Greglon Lee, a kung fu sifu based in Berkeley. He’s showing me the funky, yellow bungalow in the East Oakland hills where he once lived with Bruce Lee. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce spent a lot of time here, and he was basically training 10-12 hours a day.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even as a college student, Bruce had picked up kung fu students across the West Coast. And one of the most dedicated was a man named James Yimm Lee, Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was one of his top students; my dad had been training with him for a few years.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was a local streetfighter and bodybuilder. He became fascinated with kung fu, wanted to modernize and popularize it. He knew Bruce could help. So he convinced Bruce and his family to move in with him and his kids in the East Bay. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>You come down to Oakland. We got you covered, roof over your head, and you can train and do whatever you want.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James filled his garage with a bunch of diy equipment — punching pads, shields, leg stretchers. The two men scrutinized reels of Mohammed Ali boxing fights. They practiced what worked from classical styles of martial arts and threw away the rest. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>To get better when you’re already good ain’t easy. You really have to break things down completely. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was helping Bruce invent a NEW style of martial arts that tried to break away from set technique completely. Classical kung fu was too rigid, they said. Instead, they experimented with fusing wing chun, boxing, street fighting with some heavy doses of Daoist philosophy. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The individual has to really do their own work. There’s no magic pill. There’s no magic movement to martial arts. It’s getting to know yourself. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce’s homegrown fighting style would eventually become known as Jeet Kun Do, or as Greg calls it, JKD. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>And you’ve got to remember the Cha Cha taught him really good footwork and how to change timing, which is really the key to J. K. D. It’s not static.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce and James gain some attention for their new fighting style. Students come from hundreds of miles away to study with them. They pick up enough disciples that they decide to open up a little studio on Broadway Street in Oakland, near what’s now auto row. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was twenty years older, but he let Bruce run everything. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In Oakland, Bruce gains confidence in his approach to martial arts, and he’s convinced the San Francisco kung fu scene is \u003cem>backwards … \u003c/em>he’s not shy about sharing that opinion. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Here’s Bruce Lee biographer Jeff Chang again: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He’s basically saying, all of your schools, all the stuff they teach you: That’s all garbage. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And some people in San Francisco get wind of this.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They don’t have short-term memories. Like, they remember when Bruce first was there.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It all comes to a head in the summer of 1964. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce is promoting his Oakland school, in a kung fu demonstration at San Francisco’s Sun Sing Theater, the same stage where his dad performed opera, two decades earlier. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During his demo, he starts critiquing the style of teaching in San Francisco, but in kind of a brash, 24-year-old way. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Everything that you’ve been taught is no good. Let me show you how a real martial artist does things. Provocative, right?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The air in the theater is hazy with cigarette smoke. And the crowd is full of San Francisco martial artists.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re just waiting for Bruce to make a wrong move.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then he invites somebody on stage, and says, try to defend yourself using your style, and I’ll show you why mine’s better\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He wants to show the speed and accuracy of his punch. As it turns out, the guy that comes up to be on stage with him is somebody who’s deeply affiliated with the Chinatown koons.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The koons are kung fu schools\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The volunteer blocks Bruce’s punch. Bruce tries again, and the kid blocks it again. Then, the kid puts up his fists, ready for a fight.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And everybody starts hooting and hollering, ’cause they’re cheering for the guy who came up from the audience. That’s their guy, right? He’s like a ringer.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce is embarrassed. But he stops and collects himself… trying to refocus the message on what his school has to offer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he says, “If you want more, come and see me in Oakland.” And what he really means is, “My school is in Oakland. You’re welcome to come, we’ll train and that kind of thing.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But at this point, tempers are high. And to the riled-up crowd it sounds like Bruce is saying: “let’s finish what we started, meet me in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>This spreads through the sort of underground pipeline, right? The coconut wireless really fast.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Soon every martial artist in the Bay Area is talking about what happened at the theater. And some San Francisco guys decide to challenge Bruce to a fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They want to see Bruce get his ass beaten.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So they recruit an up-and-coming martial artist named Wong Jack-man, telling him, you’re our best hope to take this guy down. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Now, Wong wasn’t at the Sun Sing Theater, and by all accounts, didn’t really seem to know what he was walking into.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>WongJack-man thinks he’s going to Oakland to fight a comparison fight. It’s a friendly kind of thing. Everybody goes out and has tea and dim sum afterwards, right?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Instead, he’s an unwitting participant in one of Bruce Lee’s most famous fights. The Showdown in Oakland. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Here’s what happened according to Jeff and Greglon: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They come to the studio at dusk on a November evening. And at the studio are James, James Yimm Lee, Bruce and Linda. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>I know that my dad did bring a gun just in case, just in case things got out of control.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Elize: It starts out friendly enough…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man reaches his hand out, and that Bruce, uh, sort of gives a faint instead. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And lashes out with a punch \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>That is directed at Wong Jack-man’s eyes. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> So hard it leaves a mark.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And the realization that, Oh, Bruce is actually out for blood, like this is something serious. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce presses in. He uses low kicks and close-up punches.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Most people Bruce dealt with, he could take them out in about five seconds. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But Wong sidesteps the assault and deflects with his forearms. He uses long and graceful kicks and wide diagonal blows — like axes coming down — he hits Bruce HARD in the neck, and gets Bruce into a headlock.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Like holding his neck under his arm.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man could have won right there. But he lets go. He considers Bruce an opponent, not a mortal enemy. Bruce seizes the opportunity and attacks.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man started running.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he trips on a floorboard and falls down. Bruce pounces on him. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>They’re on the floor, with Bruce yelling, “You lost, admit it!” Their friends jump in and separate the two. And that was that. A pretty messy fight, ended by a floorboard. Not at all the resolution to the Oakland- San Francisco rivalry. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Except the story doesn’t end there. The fight at the studio was just the beginning. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>It became a story that just passed word of mouth. The word gets back to Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The magazines picked up about Bruce and Wong Jack-man, all kinds of rumors. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In one story, Wong Jack-man kills Bruce. In others, Bruce is defending the honor of an actress from Hong Kong. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But the biggest story — the one that has prevailed — is that the fight was about who gets to learn kung fu. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s part of the mythology around Bruce Lee, that he not only popularizes kung fu…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He opens the doors for non-Chinese to kind of study it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Though it’s a compelling story, it’s just not true. After all, this is San Francisco in the 60s we’re talking about here. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese. And so it just doesn’t stand up to, to that kind of scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So a lot of the myths surrounding the Showdown are not true. But for Bruce, it was still a turning point.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The fight was the first true test of his ideas. Wong Jack-man represented all of the things Bruce and James had been arguing needed to change. But it wasn’t the easy victory he had expected, says Greglon. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce changed his training completely. So actually, the fight with Wong Jack-man helped Bruce go to another level. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Martial arts is ultimately about fighting yourself, Bruce Lee would write later in life. You train to control your impulses, to empty your mind. And this fight showed him he wasn’t there yet. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He knew he needed to work harder. And get better. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee:\u003c/strong> Iron sharpens iron. You don’t sharpen your knife or sword on wood or a piece of butter. So you always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The timing of the Showdown would turn out to be important for Bruce. Because he would need these lessons as he embarked on a new phase of his career. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Shortly after the Showdown in Oakland, something unexpected happens. Bruce’s wife gets a call.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Out of the blue one afternoon. Linda gets a call, and it’s this Hollywood producer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The producer’s barber saw Bruce do a kung fu demonstration earlier that year…and Bruce gets the role of Kato, the sidekick of a TV superhero named the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of martial arts fighting from The Green Hornet.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show only ran one season. And Kato doesn’t have many lines. But Bruce’s character, who uses martial arts to save the Green Hornet episode after episode, becomes a hit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>As the management looks at the numbers of toys being sold, they’re like, well, Kato’s outselling the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show gives Bruce a chance to show off his kung fu to a national audience. For many viewers, it’s their first time seeing martial arts. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But Bruce still can’t break into the mainstream. When the show gets canceled, Bruce struggles to find new work.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He can’t get a single job in Hollywood for a while unless it’s as a fight choreographer or in a sort of stereotypically, like, you know, oriental type role that he would refuse to play. And he comes to realize at some point, well, actually, they don’t see me as a main character. And so he has to, at that point, make a choice.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So at age 29, he decides, forget this. I’m going back to Asia, where I’m gonna be a superstar. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And in Hong Kong, his career explodes. He does a movie called \u003cem>Big Boss\u003c/em>, and then another called \u003cem>Fist of Fury.\u003c/em> After one screening, the audience was so excited, they actually tore the seats out of the movie theater. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>At this point that, Bruce is the largest star by far in Asia.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>After a few years of mega-stardom, he writes, directs and stars in a third movie called \u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em>, where he faces off against a then-unknown actor named Chuck Norris. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He joked with his mother. Mom, in this movie, I get to beat up a white guy.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>\u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em> was Bruce’s crossover hit. Suddenly Bruce’s movies are being watched back in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re being imported, they’re dubbed, and they’re packing the theatres.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Finally, Hollywood notices and comes crawling back. Warner Bros approaches him and his manager in Hong Kong about a new film they want him to star in. And this time, Bruce Lee gets to call the shots. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Here he is in an interview from 1971:\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> So are you going to go to the United States and be famous or you going to try and eat your cake and have it too?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I am going to do both because you see I have already made up my mind that in the United States something about the Oriental needs to be shown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> Hollywood sure hasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> You better believe it man, it’s all chop chop and with the eyes.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He directs the fight scenes, negotiates higher pay and takes ownership of the script. And he names the movie — \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Originally, the writer and director saw Bruce’s character as an Asian James Bond. But Bruce Lee thought that that was too Western … too imperialist. The character, he said, should be a Shaolin monk. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>These are ideas that he’s adopted from Taoism that he’s been teaching to other folks since he was 19 years old.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon clip:\u003c/strong> Don’t think, feel. It’s like a finger pointing to the moon. Don’t concentrate on the finger or you will miss all of the heavenly glory.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce knew he was on the cusp of global stardom. But in his intense focus on his career, he may have ignored signs from his body that something was deeply wrong. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In May 1973, he has a seizure on set. The doctors can’t find any reason for it, so they allow him to return to work. He continues traveling and working hard. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A few months later, he has a headache, so he takes an aspirin and a tranquilizer and falls asleep. He never wakes up. He’s only 32 years old. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip:\u003c/strong> Hong Kong was stunned, and as the word spread, people read with shock and disbelief that Bruce Lee was dead.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> A 1973 documentary “Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend” shows a crowd gathering outside the funeral parlor.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip: \u003c/strong>Several hundred extra police were detailed to try to control the crowd; no one could believe that someone like Bruce Lee, so young, so fit, could just die.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>His death is still a mystery. The autopsy reveals a cerebral edema, which is a swelling of the brain caused by trauma, and other factors, but could not determine a cause.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Enter the Dragon, Bruce’s triumphant return to Hollywood, premieres just days later. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon trailer:\u003c/strong> What do you know about Han? We are investigating corruption….\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The film was a box office hit and cemented Bruce Lee’s legacy as not just a martial artist, but as a Hollywood star. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For the first time, Americans finally see Bruce Lee as he wants to be seen: his confidence, his physique, and his philosophy all on display. Here he is in 1971 on the Pierre Berton Show. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>You see, the idea is running water never grow stale, so you got to just keep on flowing.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>If you watch Bruce Lee movies now, this is the man you see: disciplined, polished, cool. But Hollywood only got the finished product. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s Bruce was much more raw, reckless, full of dreams and ambition. Though his time here was brief, the battles he fought shaped his philosophy and honed his skills so he could become the superstar we know today. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That was KQED’s Elize Manoukian. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Thanks to Sam Hopkins for asking today’s question. And he’ll be glad to know Bruce Lee is getting a little more recognition locally.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>California recently designated May 17 Bruce Lee Day to commemorate the date the fighter moved to the U.S. as a teenager. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At the site of Bruce Lee’s Oakland studio, there’s a street sign designating the intersection “Bruce Lee Way.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And the Chinese Historical Society of America also has a cool exhibit about Bruce’s life and career at their museum in San Francisco’s Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Thanks also to Charlie Russo, and Rick Wing, whose writing about Bruce Lee and the showdown in Oakland were helpful in the making of this story.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone at KQED.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a great week.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Greglon Lee peered through the gaps in a black, wrought-iron fence enclosing an empty corner lot on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland’s\u003c/a> Auto Row. More than half a century ago, the martial arts legend Bruce Lee — then still unknown — ran a kung fu studio here with Greglon’s father. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The main teacher was Bruce,” Greglon said. “My dad was 20 years older, and had just as much experience, but he let Bruce run things. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco when his parents were on tour with an opera company from Hong Kong. He returned to the Bay Area as a young man to study and train, making a name for himself as a martial artist. But only recently has California made an effort to recognize and celebrate the Hollywood star’s early roots here. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco when his parents were on tour with an opera company from Hong Kong. He returned to the Bay Area as a young man to study and train, making a name for himself as a martial artist. But only recently has California made an effort to recognize and celebrate the Hollywood star’s early roots here. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Earlier this summer, San Francisco officials and Chinatown community members, along with Bruce’s daughter, Shannon, led the effort to commemorate May 17 — the day Bruce moved back to the city from Hong Kong as a teen — as Bruce Lee Day — becoming the first Chinese American to be honored with a namesake day in state history. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Earlier this summer, San Francisco officials and Chinatown community members, along with Bruce’s daughter, Shannon, led the effort to commemorate May 17 — the day Bruce moved back to the city from Hong Kong as a teen — as Bruce Lee Day — becoming the first Chinese American to be honored with a namesake day in state history. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Though the Hollywood icon and martial artist’s time here in the Bay Area was brief, it was formative. Among the best-known chapters is the Showdown in Oakland, when he exchanged blows with a martial artist from San Francisco. The fight has become lore in the martial arts world, the subject of books, magazine articles and films, and is well-known to Bruce Lee fans around the world. More than 60 years after it happened, it remains controversial and hotly debated within dojos and on online forums. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Though the Hollywood icon and martial artist’s time here in the Bay Area was brief, it was formative. Among the best-known chapters is the Showdown in Oakland, when he exchanged blows with a martial artist from San Francisco. The fight has become lore in the martial arts world, the subject of books, magazine articles and films, and is well-known to Bruce Lee fans around the world. More than 60 years after it happened, it remains controversial and hotly debated within dojos and on online forums. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“It’s the story of how gung fu — let’s call it by its English name — how kung fu becomes American,” said Berkeley-based historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, who wrote the recent biography \u003cem>Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian-America, \u003c/em>of the fight. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Like the classic Akira Kurosawa film \u003cem>Rashomon\u003c/em>, which explores truth and self-interest among characters who give contradictory accounts of an event they witness, the story of the fight reads like a case study in selective human memory. Countless retellings, each drawing from legend and third-hand accounts, have inevitably added a bit to the hero’s journey, turning the story into its own myth. Here’s what really happened: \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Like the classic Akira Kurosawa film \u003cem>Rashomon\u003c/em>, which explores truth and self-interest among characters who give contradictory accounts of an event they witness, the story of the fight reads like a case study in selective human memory. Countless retellings, each drawing from legend and third-hand accounts, have inevitably added a bit to the hero’s journey, turning the story into its own myth. Here’s what really happened: \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In 1964, Bruce was a student at the University of Washington, but spent more time fighting than studying. Through his work as a cha-cha instructor, which would occasionally bring him to the Bay Area to make money, he met an Oakland resident named James Yimm Lee — Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>In 1964, Bruce was a student at the University of Washington, but spent more time fighting than studying. Through his work as a cha-cha instructor, which would occasionally bring him to the Bay Area to make money, he met an Oakland resident named James Yimm Lee — Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>James, who grew up in Oakland, came from the world of blue-collar bodybuilding and weightlifting. But he was also a skilled martial artist who wanted to modernize and popularize the sport. When he met Bruce, James realized he “was the real deal,” Greglon said, “kind of like the [martial arts] Michael Jordan.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>James, who grew up in Oakland, came from the world of blue-collar bodybuilding and weightlifting. But he was also a skilled martial artist who wanted to modernize and popularize the sport. When he met Bruce, James realized he “was the real deal,” Greglon said, “kind of like the [martial arts] Michael Jordan.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091696\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED.jpg 1442w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED-160x222.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED-1107x1536.jpg 1107w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in long-sleeved shirt, smiling in a family portrait. His wife, Linda Lee Caldwell, holds her daughter, Shannon, with Brandon on the left. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Despite sharing a surname, the men weren’t related but became fast friends and instant collaborators. So, James convinced Bruce to move, along with his wife Linda Lee Caldwell — who was then eight months pregnant — to the Bay Area, to live with James and his two children. James’ wife had just died of cancer, so Linda helped care for Greglon and his sister. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Despite sharing a surname, the men weren’t related but became fast friends and instant collaborators. So, James convinced Bruce to move, along with his wife Linda Lee Caldwell — who was then eight months pregnant — to the Bay Area, to live with James and his two children. James’ wife had just died of cancer, so Linda helped care for Greglon and his sister. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area, at that point,” said Chang, is “the heart of the U.S. martial arts movement. You have like all of these folks who are working class fighters … security guards or policemen or military. And they’re all mixing up into a martial arts scene that now is desegregating — and it’s created a lot of ferment. Bruce wanted to be down there.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce and James spent countless hours together, training and dissecting their craft. The two articulated a shared vision of martial arts: one that fluidly changed between styles and forms, and drew upon Daoism as a philosophy for how to live. To practice these ideas, they set up a kung fu school together in Oakland, which at first they ran out of James’ garage. When they started to pick up more students, they opened up the storefront at 4157 Broadway Street. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Bruce and James spent countless hours together, training and dissecting their craft. The two articulated a shared vision of martial arts: one that fluidly changed between styles and forms, and drew upon Daoism as a philosophy for how to live. To practice these ideas, they set up a kung fu school together in Oakland, which at first they ran out of James’ garage. When they started to pick up more students, they opened up the storefront at 4157 Broadway Street. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The two shared a belief that martial arts should be more adaptable, not as fixed in style or form. And they both chafed at what they perceived as rigidity among other martial arts teachers — particularly in San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The two shared a belief that martial arts should be more adaptable, not as fixed in style or form. And they both chafed at what they perceived as rigidity among other martial arts teachers — particularly in San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As a young man, Bruce had run afoul of some of the San Francisco Chinatown koons — or kung fu schools. The community, at that time, was extremely wary of outsiders, and, due to decades of anti-Chinese racism, protective of their schools, Chang said. Exclusionary policies had heavily \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11443320/as-chinese-exclusion-act-turns-135-experts-point-to-parallels-today\">restricted Chinese immigration\u003c/a>, siloing off the community from newer waves of Chinese from the mainland and surrounding territories. San Francisco residents didn’t know what to make of Bruce, Chang said — “a loud, brash immigrant from Hong Kong.” \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>As a young man, Bruce had run afoul of some of the San Francisco Chinatown koons — or kung fu schools. The community, at that time, was extremely wary of outsiders, and, due to decades of anti-Chinese racism, protective of their schools, Chang said. Exclusionary policies had heavily \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11443320/as-chinese-exclusion-act-turns-135-experts-point-to-parallels-today\">restricted Chinese immigration\u003c/a>, siloing off the community from newer waves of Chinese from the mainland and surrounding territories. San Francisco residents didn’t know what to make of Bruce, Chang said — “a loud, brash immigrant from Hong Kong.” \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/heading",
"attrs": {
"text": "The Sun Sing Theater demonstration",
"level": 2
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Sun Sing Theater demonstration\u003c/h2>\n",
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"\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Sun Sing Theater demonstration\u003c/h2>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Tensions came to a head in August 1964, when Bruce gave a martial arts demonstration at San Francisco Chinatown’s \u003ca href=\"https://cinematreasures.org/theaters/3939/\">Sun Sing Theater\u003c/a> at 1021 Grant Ave. — one of San Francisco’s oldest opera houses, and where his father had performed opera nearly two decades earlier (though the building’s gorgeous facade remains, it’s boarded up today).\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Tensions came to a head in August 1964, when Bruce gave a martial arts demonstration at San Francisco Chinatown’s \u003ca href=\"https://cinematreasures.org/theaters/3939/\">Sun Sing Theater\u003c/a> at 1021 Grant Ave. — one of San Francisco’s oldest opera houses, and where his father had performed opera nearly two decades earlier (though the building’s gorgeous facade remains, it’s boarded up today).\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce had been there on tour with Diana Chang, known as the “Mandarin Marilyn Monroe,” to dance the cha-cha. But after they finished their performance, Bruce had a surprise for the crowd: he took to the stage to demonstrate his style of martial arts for the packed house. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Bruce had been there on tour with Diana Chang, known as the “Mandarin Marilyn Monroe,” to dance the cha-cha. But after they finished their performance, Bruce had a surprise for the crowd: he took to the stage to demonstrate his style of martial arts for the packed house. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A fight nearly broke out on stage, and the crowd hurled cigarette butts and insults at Bruce, then only 24 years old. As Chang describes it, Bruce scrambled to get the situation back under control.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>A fight nearly broke out on stage, and the crowd hurled cigarette butts and insults at Bruce, then only 24 years old. As Chang describes it, Bruce scrambled to get the situation back under control.\u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": {
"id": 12091695,
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"imageCredit": "Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive",
"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-1536x1028.jpg 1536w",
"sizes": "(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091695\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-1536x1028.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in a yellow jumpsuit in action while directing Kareem Abdul-Jabbar on the set of “Game of Death.” \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091695\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in a yellow jumpsuit in action while directing Kareem Abdul-Jabbar on the set of “Game of Death.” \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I would like to let everybody know that any time my Chinatown brothers want to try out my Wing Chun,” Bruce said, as retold in Chang’s book, “they are welcomed to come find me at my school in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I would like to let everybody know that any time my Chinatown brothers want to try out my Wing Chun,” Bruce said, as retold in Chang’s book, “they are welcomed to come find me at my school in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>To the riled-up crowd, this sounded like a challenge.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>To the riled-up crowd, this sounded like a challenge.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>To the San Francisco martial artists, a fight seemed inevitable. And they chose a promising young fighter, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.jingmo.com/\">\u003cem>jing wu\u003c/em>\u003c/a> star named Wong Jack-man, to challenge the “young dissident,” as the elders in the city called him. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>To the San Francisco martial artists, a fight seemed inevitable. And they chose a promising young fighter, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.jingmo.com/\">\u003cem>jing wu\u003c/em>\u003c/a> star named Wong Jack-man, to challenge the “young dissident,” as the elders in the city called him. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Wong was known for being stoic, polished — a picture of grace and power — in comparison with Bruce’s more back-alley style of brawling. To this day, it’s not clear why he agreed to the proposal when his Chinatown friends came to the Jackson Cafe, at 633 Battery, where he worked as a waiter, and asked him to represent the big city in the challenge against Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Wong was known for being stoic, polished — a picture of grace and power — in comparison with Bruce’s more back-alley style of brawling. To this day, it’s not clear why he agreed to the proposal when his Chinatown friends came to the Jackson Cafe, at 633 Battery, where he worked as a waiter, and asked him to represent the big city in the challenge against Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/heading",
"attrs": {
"text": "The ‘Showdown in Oakland’",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ‘Showdown in Oakland’\u003c/h2>\n",
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"\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ‘Showdown in Oakland’\u003c/h2>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The match-up — wrote Charles Russo, San Francisco journalist and author of \u003cem>Striking Distance: Bruce Lee and the Dawn of Martial Arts in America\u003c/em> — was “spectacular,” pitting two talented young martial artists with a uniquely yin-yang-like symmetry together. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The match-up — wrote Charles Russo, San Francisco journalist and author of \u003cem>Striking Distance: Bruce Lee and the Dawn of Martial Arts in America\u003c/em> — was “spectacular,” pitting two talented young martial artists with a uniquely yin-yang-like symmetry together. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Bruce’s style was compact and economical. Wong’s expansive and acrobatic,” Russo said. “Collectively, it had all the characteristics of a fight promoter’s dream.” \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>“Bruce’s style was compact and economical. Wong’s expansive and acrobatic,” Russo said. “Collectively, it had all the characteristics of a fight promoter’s dream.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>At the end of a cold day in November 1964, Wong Jack-man and his friends piled into a crimson Pontiac Tempest and drove to the Broadway studio in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>At the end of a cold day in November 1964, Wong Jack-man and his friends piled into a crimson Pontiac Tempest and drove to the Broadway studio in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": {
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w",
"sizes": "(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086152\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee’s old home on Monticello Avenue in East Oakland on June 1, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086152\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee’s old home on Monticello Avenue in East Oakland on June 1, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Waiting inside were a “very pregnant Linda,” James, and Bruce, Chang said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Waiting inside were a “very pregnant Linda,” James, and Bruce, Chang said. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Wong was dressed formally, in a dark, high-collared, long-sleeved uniform with lacing down the middle. Bruce wore white jeans and a white tank top. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Wong was dressed formally, in a dark, high-collared, long-sleeved uniform with lacing down the middle. Bruce wore white jeans and a white tank top. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>There were a total of nine people in the studio, only one of whom is alive today, Bruce’s wife Linda. And she did not speak Cantonese, the \u003cem>lingua franca\u003c/em> of the fight, so undoubtedly some context was lost. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>There were a total of nine people in the studio, only one of whom is alive today, Bruce’s wife Linda. And she did not speak Cantonese, the \u003cem>lingua franca\u003c/em> of the fight, so undoubtedly some context was lost. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>However, everyone can agree on what happened next: David Chin, one of Wong’s friends and an instigator of the fight, began enumerating rules. Bruce “kept the tone harsh,” martial arts journalist Russo said: “You came to my school to challenge me, and now you want to set the rules?”\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>However, everyone can agree on what happened next: David Chin, one of Wong’s friends and an instigator of the fight, began enumerating rules. Bruce “kept the tone harsh,” martial arts journalist Russo said: “You came to my school to challenge me, and now you want to set the rules?”\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>When Wong reached out to shake hands, the tense Bruce Lee threw out a feint that crashed right above Wong’s eye — immediately setting the tone for the rest of the fight. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>When Wong reached out to shake hands, the tense Bruce Lee threw out a feint that crashed right above Wong’s eye — immediately setting the tone for the rest of the fight. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/image",
"attrs": {
"id": 12091693,
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"imageCredit": "Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive",
"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-1536x1182.jpg 1536w",
"sizes": "(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091693\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-1536x1182.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee during the Hall of Mirrors scene on the set of “Enter the Dragon.”\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091693\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee during the Hall of Mirrors scene on the set of “Enter the Dragon.”\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>At one point, wrote Rick Wing, one of Wong’s students and another chronicler of the fight, Wong got Bruce into a headlock, though eventually, he let go.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>At one point, wrote Rick Wing, one of Wong’s students and another chronicler of the fight, Wong got Bruce into a headlock, though eventually, he let go.\u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Wong considered Lee to be a sparring opponent only, and not a mortal enemy,” Wing said. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>“Wong considered Lee to be a sparring opponent only, and not a mortal enemy,” Wing said. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Wong later told Wing about Bruce: “He would never say he lost until you killed him.” \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Wong later told Wing about Bruce: “He would never say he lost until you killed him.” \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A final detail of the fight that everyone agrees with: once Bruce got out of the headlock, he lunged after Wong, who turned and tried to evade the attack. Then, he tripped on a floorboard. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>A final detail of the fight that everyone agrees with: once Bruce got out of the headlock, he lunged after Wong, who turned and tried to evade the attack. Then, he tripped on a floorboard. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The two scuffled on the edge of the studio, with Bruce pummeling Wong with punches and yelling, “Admit it, you lost!”\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The two scuffled on the edge of the studio, with Bruce pummeling Wong with punches and yelling, “Admit it, you lost!”\u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Whether Wong actually surrendered is up for debate. However, multiple kung fu students of San Francisco Chinatown have relayed third-hand that if Wong had won, the neighborhood would have been celebrating. Instead, it was silent the next day, like a funeral. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Whether Wong actually surrendered is up for debate. However, multiple kung fu students of San Francisco Chinatown have relayed third-hand that if Wong had won, the neighborhood would have been celebrating. Instead, it was silent the next day, like a funeral. \u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/heading",
"attrs": {
"text": "The aftermath of the fight",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The aftermath of the fight\u003c/h2>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The aftermath of the fight\u003c/h2>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The details are somewhat unremarkable — a messy fight in a small Oakland studio with a murky victory — but rumors of the fight, and what caused it, would spread like wildfire through the martial arts community and ultimately reach Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The details are somewhat unremarkable — a messy fight in a small Oakland studio with a murky victory — but rumors of the fight, and what caused it, would spread like wildfire through the martial arts community and ultimately reach Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n"
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The rumor mill claimed over and over — in tabloids, martial arts magazines and even major Hollywood films — that Chinatown’s old guard took issue with Bruce teaching kung fu to non-Chinese people. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The rumor mill claimed over and over — in tabloids, martial arts magazines and even major Hollywood films — that Chinatown’s old guard took issue with Bruce teaching kung fu to non-Chinese people. \u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": {
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w",
"sizes": "(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086154\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Greglon Lee poses for a portrait at the apartment complex he lives at in Berkeley on June 1, 2026. Greglon Lee is the son of James Lee, a martial artist who once was Bruce Lee’s training partner.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086154\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Greglon Lee poses for a portrait at the apartment complex he lives at in Berkeley on June 1, 2026. Greglon Lee is the son of James Lee, a martial artist who once was Bruce Lee’s training partner.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Those who peddle this narrative often point to discrimination Bruce may have faced growing up in Hong Kong, due to his own background as a quarter-Dutch on his mom’s side. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But Chang questioned whether this narrative holds up to scrutiny. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people,” Chang said. “I just think that’s not true at all. The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people,” Chang said. “I just think that’s not true at all. The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But the fight did have a big effect on Bruce’s life and career.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>For all of his bluster, the fight against Wong Jack-man was a huge reality check for Bruce, who realized his technique and conditioning came up short of his own expectations. His sloppy “victory” would forever alter his approach to martial arts, his biographers have said, and came at the right time, just as his Hollywood star was about to rise. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>For all of his bluster, the fight against Wong Jack-man was a huge reality check for Bruce, who realized his technique and conditioning came up short of his own expectations. His sloppy “victory” would forever alter his approach to martial arts, his biographers have said, and came at the right time, just as his Hollywood star was about to rise. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Iron sharpens iron,” Greglon said. “You always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better. [After] the fight with Wong Jack-man, Bruce changed his training completely. It helped Bruce go to another level.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“Iron sharpens iron,” Greglon said. “You always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better. [After] the fight with Wong Jack-man, Bruce changed his training completely. It helped Bruce go to another level.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Just months after The Showdown in Oakland, Bruce Lee got a call from a Hollywood producer asking him to audition for a part. It was his first big break and the beginning of a distinguished film career that ultimately led to Bruce starring in his most famous film, \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Just months after The Showdown in Oakland, Bruce Lee got a call from a Hollywood producer asking him to audition for a part. It was his first big break and the beginning of a distinguished film career that ultimately led to Bruce starring in his most famous film, \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Whether or not the story bears the weight of the facts, “there’s a great mythology here,” Chang said, that may represent its power to this day. In the showdown, Bruce Lee’s fans found a battle over culture and change, one that matched the upheaval of the times, and wider shifts within Asian America. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Whether or not the story bears the weight of the facts, “there’s a great mythology here,” Chang said, that may represent its power to this day. In the showdown, Bruce Lee’s fans found a battle over culture and change, one that matched the upheaval of the times, and wider shifts within Asian America. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Although that context was real, the more meaningful transformation was within Bruce himself. He went on to dedicate his life to becoming one of the best that ever lived. As an actor, he challenged stereotypes in Hollywood, refusing roles that typecast him. In his short life, he paved the way for future generations and set an example that continues to inspire and comfort fans to this day.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Although that context was real, the more meaningful transformation was within Bruce himself. He went on to dedicate his life to becoming one of the best that ever lived. As an actor, he challenged stereotypes in Hollywood, refusing roles that typecast him. In his short life, he paved the way for future generations and set an example that continues to inspire and comfort fans to this day.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There was always something special about Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There was always something special about Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Enter the Dragon theme song plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>The martial artist and actor was one of the first Asian stars in Hollywood. His path to fame wasn’t easy, but it paved the way for other Asian Americans to do the same today. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>The martial artist and actor was one of the first Asian stars in Hollywood. His path to fame wasn’t easy, but it paved the way for other Asian Americans to do the same today. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>There’s this famous thing Bruce said…\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I said empty your mind…be formless, shapeless…like water. Water can flow or crash. Be water, my friend…”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I said empty your mind…be formless, shapeless…like water. Water can flow or crash. Be water, my friend…”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>It’s the cornerstone of his martial arts philosophy…as much a mantra for how to live as a fighting technique. Be adaptable. Go with the flow … even if you’re riding a tidal wave.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>It’s the cornerstone of his martial arts philosophy…as much a mantra for how to live as a fighting technique. Be adaptable. Go with the flow … even if you’re riding a tidal wave.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce was a disruptor in the kung fu world…a young upstart who wanted to do things differently. Though he would eventually become this legendary figure in American culture, it took him years to hone his own style and philosophy. And many of the early moments that shaped him, the ones that made him \u003cem>the\u003c/em> Bruce Lee we see on the silver screen, they took place in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Bruce was a disruptor in the kung fu world…a young upstart who wanted to do things differently. Though he would eventually become this legendary figure in American culture, it took him years to hone his own style and philosophy. And many of the early moments that shaped him, the ones that made him \u003cem>the\u003c/em> Bruce Lee we see on the silver screen, they took place in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I assume there’s people alive still in Oakland and San Francisco who know him and have great stories to share. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I assume there’s people alive still in Oakland and San Francisco who know him and have great stories to share. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That’s Bay Curious listener Sam Hopkins. Sam’s first exposure to Bruce Lee was in the star’s most famous film — Enter the Dragon.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That’s Bay Curious listener Sam Hopkins. Sam’s first exposure to Bruce Lee was in the star’s most famous film — Enter the Dragon.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>Most people would say like the defining one in the one that first like drew me into him and pulled me in. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>Most people would say like the defining one in the one that first like drew me into him and pulled me in. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>As a kid, he loved Bruce’s kung-fu moves. But as an adult he’s come to appreciate how brave Bruce was. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>As a kid, he loved Bruce’s kung-fu moves. But as an adult he’s come to appreciate how brave Bruce was. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>The thing that really inspires me about him is that he changed how people think. And that’s so powerful, like how they view themselves and how they view others and pushed against like all these stereotypes and all these limitations that Hollywood was putting on him and society was putting on him. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>The thing that really inspires me about him is that he changed how people think. And that’s so powerful, like how they view themselves and how they view others and pushed against like all these stereotypes and all these limitations that Hollywood was putting on him and society was putting on him. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Sam’s become kind of obsessed. He’s watched documentaries about Bruce Lee, been to museum exhibits about him and located local spots in San Francisco and Oakland that were meaningful in Bruce’s life. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Sam’s become kind of obsessed. He’s watched documentaries about Bruce Lee, been to museum exhibits about him and located local spots in San Francisco and Oakland that were meaningful in Bruce’s life. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>And I just have always wondered though, why isn’t there more in terms of honoring his legacy and all the great things that he did in his time here? \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>And I just have always wondered though, why isn’t there more in terms of honoring his legacy and all the great things that he did in his time here? \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There’s this one story Sam has heard over and over about “The Showdown in Oakland,” a fight between Bruce and a kung fu fighter from San Francisco that has become lore in the martial arts world. It’s one of the early moments in Bruce’s career that puts him on the map, and it’s practically a legend at this point. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There’s this one story Sam has heard over and over about “The Showdown in Oakland,” a fight between Bruce and a kung fu fighter from San Francisco that has become lore in the martial arts world. It’s one of the early moments in Bruce’s career that puts him on the map, and it’s practically a legend at this point. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I’ve heard different versions of it. So I’m just so curious, like which one is like the most accurate?\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>This is Bay Curious. The show where we answer listener questions about the San Francisco Bay Area. I’m Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I’ve heard different versions of it. So I’m just so curious, like which one is like the most accurate?\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>This is Bay Curious. The show where we answer listener questions about the San Francisco Bay Area. I’m Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>KQED’s Elize Manoukian set out to separate fact from fiction and understand what role the Bay Area played in Bruce Lee’s life.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>KQED’s Elize Manoukian set out to separate fact from fiction and understand what role the Bay Area played in Bruce Lee’s life.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> There’s an interview Bruce Lee gives in 1966, right as his star is about to rise. He’s still a bit of an unknown…it seems like the interviewer doesn’t know who he is.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> There’s an interview Bruce Lee gives in 1966, right as his star is about to rise. He’s still a bit of an unknown…it seems like the interviewer doesn’t know who he is.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>I think his name is Bruce Lee…\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>I think his name is Bruce Lee…\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In the interview, Bruce explains to a mainstream American audience what kung fu is, using the Chinese pronunciation.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In the interview, Bruce explains to a mainstream American audience what kung fu is, using the Chinese pronunciation.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>Well, gung fu is a Chinese form of combat. Arts like karate or jiu jitsu derive from gung fu. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>Well, gung fu is a Chinese form of combat. Arts like karate or jiu jitsu derive from gung fu. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then the journalist asks him: \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then the journalist asks him: \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>Don’t you have some karate schools in San Francisco or something?\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>Don’t you have some karate schools in San Francisco or something?\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>There are multiple issues with that question, but Bruce homes in on just one.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>There are multiple issues with that question, but Bruce homes in on just one.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: In Oakland, really. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: In Oakland, really. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even at this early point in his Hollywood career, the difference between the two Bay Area cities was important to him. You’ll soon hear why.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even at this early point in his Hollywood career, the difference between the two Bay Area cities was important to him. You’ll soon hear why.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce lived in the Bay Area only a short while — just a few years — but his time in Oakland and San Francisco would go on to have a major influence on his career, and some have argued, on the way we think about martial arts in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Bruce lived in the Bay Area only a short while — just a few years — but his time in Oakland and San Francisco would go on to have a major influence on his career, and some have argued, on the way we think about martial arts in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It’s a story in a way of how gung fu…how Kung Fu becomes American\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It’s a story in a way of how gung fu…how Kung Fu becomes American\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, the author of a recent Bruce Lee biography, “Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian America.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, the author of a recent Bruce Lee biography, “Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian America.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>I asked him to tell me about Bruce’s life here, starting from the very beginning. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Bruce was born in the Bay Area. He is there because his parents are on a tour. His dad is a famous Cantonese opera singer.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Bruce was born in the Bay Area. He is there because his parents are on a tour. His dad is a famous Cantonese opera singer.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And while his dad is performing in San Francisco, his mom becomes pregnant\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And while his dad is performing in San Francisco, his mom becomes pregnant\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So he’s born in this segregated hospital in 1940.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In San Francisco’s Chinese Hospital, which is still open today. His mom, Grace, names her baby Bruce. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In San Francisco’s Chinese Hospital, which is still open today. His mom, Grace, names her baby Bruce. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Soon after, the family heads back to Hong Kong, which is quickly becoming the heart of Asia’s film industry. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce’s dad, Hoi Cheun, transitions from singing opera to acting in movies. And at a young age, Bruce starts acting too.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So the directors are looking at who’s this kid. He’s so, he’s so fascinating. He’s got so much energy. He loves to be. He’s like a born showperson. Let’s put him in the movies. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So the directors are looking at who’s this kid. He’s so, he’s so fascinating. He’s got so much energy. He loves to be. He’s like a born showperson. Let’s put him in the movies. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bruce Lee speaking Cantonese in The Kid\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bruce Lee speaking Cantonese in The Kid\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Bruce at age 10, in a movie called the Kid. It’s about a tough street urchin with a heart of gold. The film premieres in 1950, and it’s a smash success in Hong Kong. But being famous is hard on Bruce, and he starts getting picked on in school.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Bruce at age 10, in a movie called the Kid. It’s about a tough street urchin with a heart of gold. The film premieres in 1950, and it’s a smash success in Hong Kong. But being famous is hard on Bruce, and he starts getting picked on in school.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This is Bruce Lee’s martial arts origin story. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>This is Bruce Lee’s martial arts origin story. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And so he learns to try to figure out ways of protecting himself.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And so he learns to try to figure out ways of protecting himself.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>And eventually, he meets a seifu, a Gongfu seifu named Yipman. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>And eventually, he meets a seifu, a Gongfu seifu named Yipman. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Yipman is a legendary figure in 1950s Hong Kong. He trains Bruce in a discipline called Wing Chun. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Yipman is a legendary figure in 1950s Hong Kong. He trains Bruce in a discipline called Wing Chun. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>At this point, Hong Kong’s youth culture is obsessed with kung fu and streetfighting. Kids would literally challenge each other and battle on school rooftops.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>At this point, Hong Kong’s youth culture is obsessed with kung fu and streetfighting. Kids would literally challenge each other and battle on school rooftops.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Turns out that Bruce really loves the taste of blood on his lips.\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cem>Music end\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Turns out that Bruce really loves the taste of blood on his lips.\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cem>Music end\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce has a short fuse and loves “talking with his hands,”. During his teen years, he gets a bad boy, James-Dean-kinda reputation in Hong Kong. He even gets kicked out of school for fighting. One day, when Bruce is 18 years old, the police come to his parents house, and tell them that if he stays in Hong Kong, he’ll be arrested. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce has a short fuse and loves “talking with his hands,”. During his teen years, he gets a bad boy, James-Dean-kinda reputation in Hong Kong. He even gets kicked out of school for fighting. One day, when Bruce is 18 years old, the police come to his parents house, and tell them that if he stays in Hong Kong, he’ll be arrested. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And his parents are like, that’s it. You know, the police are after you, like the gangs are after you. You’re not, you’re not going to be here anymore. We’re going to send you back to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And his parents are like, that’s it. You know, the police are after you, like the gangs are after you. You’re not, you’re not going to be here anymore. We’re going to send you back to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Remember, Bruce was born in the U.S., so he’s a citizen. In 1959, his parents give him $100 and send him to live with one of their friends in San Francisco Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Remember, Bruce was born in the U.S., so he’s a citizen. In 1959, his parents give him $100 and send him to live with one of their friends in San Francisco Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce gets a job, his first non-acting job, at a restaurant.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Bruce gets a job, his first non-acting job, at a restaurant.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He hates it. He can’t take it. Like, this is beneath me. You know, I’ve been on the movie screen, and now you got me cutting carrots. Like, no, I’m not, I’m not about that life. So he quits in a day. And his guardian is like, OK, — Well, I guess we have to have you teach cha-cha then.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He hates it. He can’t take it. Like, this is beneath me. You know, I’ve been on the movie screen, and now you got me cutting carrots. Like, no, I’m not, I’m not about that life. So he quits in a day. And his guardian is like, OK, — Well, I guess we have to have you teach cha-cha then.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Oh, I forgot to mention: Bruce is an amazing dancer. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Oh, I forgot to mention: Bruce is an amazing dancer. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Cha-cha was a huge craze in 1950s Hong Kong, and Bruce is super athletic. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The Cha-cha was a huge craze in 1950s Hong Kong, and Bruce is super athletic. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>So while learning English, Bruce starts teaching cha-cha to San Francisco’s Chinese community to make money. But he’s bored. And restless. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>So while learning English, Bruce starts teaching cha-cha to San Francisco’s Chinese community to make money. But he’s bored. And restless. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he’s like, where are the fighters here? \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he’s like, where are the fighters here? \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He can’t help himself. There’s some part of him that just needs to feel the \u003cem>rush\u003c/em> of a real, flesh-and-blood fight again. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He can’t help himself. There’s some part of him that just needs to feel the \u003cem>rush\u003c/em> of a real, flesh-and-blood fight again. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>So he walks into a kung fu school and challenges the other students to a fight. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>So he walks into a kung fu school and challenges the other students to a fight. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And they run him out immediately.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And they run him out immediately.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s the first in a long list of grievances San Francisco’s kung fu community will have with Bruce. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s the first in a long list of grievances San Francisco’s kung fu community will have with Bruce. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As if his parents read the writing on the wall, they decide to send him to Seattle.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>As if his parents read the writing on the wall, they decide to send him to Seattle.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>His parents are like, OK, you’re going to get in trouble again. We’re sending you to a place where there’s less Chinese, there’s less distractions. And you’re going to finish your fricking diploma, and you’re going to get a college degree.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>His parents are like, OK, you’re going to get in trouble again. We’re sending you to a place where there’s less Chinese, there’s less distractions. And you’re going to finish your fricking diploma, and you’re going to get a college degree.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> He never gets that diploma. In fact, Bruce doesn’t last long in Seattle, although he does end up getting married to a woman named Linda while he’s there. The Bay Area is the heart of the West Coast’s martial arts scene, and Bruce wants to get back there. So he drops out of the University of Washington, moves his young family, and gambles everything…on the Bay. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> He never gets that diploma. In fact, Bruce doesn’t last long in Seattle, although he does end up getting married to a woman named Linda while he’s there. The Bay Area is the heart of the West Coast’s martial arts scene, and Bruce wants to get back there. So he drops out of the University of Washington, moves his young family, and gambles everything…on the Bay. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/strong>Back in Oakland, Bruce meets some folks who help him refine his theories and practice of martial arts. More on that when we come back. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/strong>Back in Oakland, Bruce meets some folks who help him refine his theories and practice of martial arts. More on that when we come back. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor break\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor break\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> The year is 1964, a time of major cultural change. Young people are questioning everything about U.S. society. And Bruce Lee, who has just moved back to the Bay Area as a 24-year-old college dropout, is going through his own personal revolution. He isn’t just studying martial arts; he has some radical ideas about its future. And he finds some enthusiastic disciples in the Bay Area. Elize Manoukian takes us to Oakland. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> The year is 1964, a time of major cultural change. Young people are questioning everything about U.S. society. And Bruce Lee, who has just moved back to the Bay Area as a 24-year-old college dropout, is going through his own personal revolution. He isn’t just studying martial arts; he has some radical ideas about its future. And he finds some enthusiastic disciples in the Bay Area. Elize Manoukian takes us to Oakland. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Yeah, this is the old house: 3039 Monticello. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Yeah, this is the old house: 3039 Monticello. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Greglon Lee, a kung fu sifu based in Berkeley. He’s showing me the funky, yellow bungalow in the East Oakland hills where he once lived with Bruce Lee. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Greglon Lee, a kung fu sifu based in Berkeley. He’s showing me the funky, yellow bungalow in the East Oakland hills where he once lived with Bruce Lee. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce spent a lot of time here, and he was basically training 10-12 hours a day.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce spent a lot of time here, and he was basically training 10-12 hours a day.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even as a college student, Bruce had picked up kung fu students across the West Coast. And one of the most dedicated was a man named James Yimm Lee, Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even as a college student, Bruce had picked up kung fu students across the West Coast. And one of the most dedicated was a man named James Yimm Lee, Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was one of his top students; my dad had been training with him for a few years.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was one of his top students; my dad had been training with him for a few years.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was a local streetfighter and bodybuilder. He became fascinated with kung fu, wanted to modernize and popularize it. He knew Bruce could help. So he convinced Bruce and his family to move in with him and his kids in the East Bay. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was a local streetfighter and bodybuilder. He became fascinated with kung fu, wanted to modernize and popularize it. He knew Bruce could help. So he convinced Bruce and his family to move in with him and his kids in the East Bay. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>You come down to Oakland. We got you covered, roof over your head, and you can train and do whatever you want.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>You come down to Oakland. We got you covered, roof over your head, and you can train and do whatever you want.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James filled his garage with a bunch of diy equipment — punching pads, shields, leg stretchers. The two men scrutinized reels of Mohammed Ali boxing fights. They practiced what worked from classical styles of martial arts and threw away the rest. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James filled his garage with a bunch of diy equipment — punching pads, shields, leg stretchers. The two men scrutinized reels of Mohammed Ali boxing fights. They practiced what worked from classical styles of martial arts and threw away the rest. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>To get better when you’re already good ain’t easy. You really have to break things down completely. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>To get better when you’re already good ain’t easy. You really have to break things down completely. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was helping Bruce invent a NEW style of martial arts that tried to break away from set technique completely. Classical kung fu was too rigid, they said. Instead, they experimented with fusing wing chun, boxing, street fighting with some heavy doses of Daoist philosophy. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was helping Bruce invent a NEW style of martial arts that tried to break away from set technique completely. Classical kung fu was too rigid, they said. Instead, they experimented with fusing wing chun, boxing, street fighting with some heavy doses of Daoist philosophy. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The individual has to really do their own work. There’s no magic pill. There’s no magic movement to martial arts. It’s getting to know yourself. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The individual has to really do their own work. There’s no magic pill. There’s no magic movement to martial arts. It’s getting to know yourself. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce’s homegrown fighting style would eventually become known as Jeet Kun Do, or as Greg calls it, JKD. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce’s homegrown fighting style would eventually become known as Jeet Kun Do, or as Greg calls it, JKD. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>And you’ve got to remember the Cha Cha taught him really good footwork and how to change timing, which is really the key to J. K. D. It’s not static.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>And you’ve got to remember the Cha Cha taught him really good footwork and how to change timing, which is really the key to J. K. D. It’s not static.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce and James gain some attention for their new fighting style. Students come from hundreds of miles away to study with them. They pick up enough disciples that they decide to open up a little studio on Broadway Street in Oakland, near what’s now auto row. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce and James gain some attention for their new fighting style. Students come from hundreds of miles away to study with them. They pick up enough disciples that they decide to open up a little studio on Broadway Street in Oakland, near what’s now auto row. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was twenty years older, but he let Bruce run everything. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was twenty years older, but he let Bruce run everything. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In Oakland, Bruce gains confidence in his approach to martial arts, and he’s convinced the San Francisco kung fu scene is \u003cem>backwards … \u003c/em>he’s not shy about sharing that opinion. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In Oakland, Bruce gains confidence in his approach to martial arts, and he’s convinced the San Francisco kung fu scene is \u003cem>backwards … \u003c/em>he’s not shy about sharing that opinion. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Here’s Bruce Lee biographer Jeff Chang again: \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Here’s Bruce Lee biographer Jeff Chang again: \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He’s basically saying, all of your schools, all the stuff they teach you: That’s all garbage. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He’s basically saying, all of your schools, all the stuff they teach you: That’s all garbage. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And some people in San Francisco get wind of this.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And some people in San Francisco get wind of this.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They don’t have short-term memories. Like, they remember when Bruce first was there.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They don’t have short-term memories. Like, they remember when Bruce first was there.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It all comes to a head in the summer of 1964. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It all comes to a head in the summer of 1964. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bruce is promoting his Oakland school, in a kung fu demonstration at San Francisco’s Sun Sing Theater, the same stage where his dad performed opera, two decades earlier. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Bruce is promoting his Oakland school, in a kung fu demonstration at San Francisco’s Sun Sing Theater, the same stage where his dad performed opera, two decades earlier. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>During his demo, he starts critiquing the style of teaching in San Francisco, but in kind of a brash, 24-year-old way. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>During his demo, he starts critiquing the style of teaching in San Francisco, but in kind of a brash, 24-year-old way. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Everything that you’ve been taught is no good. Let me show you how a real martial artist does things. Provocative, right?\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Everything that you’ve been taught is no good. Let me show you how a real martial artist does things. Provocative, right?\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The air in the theater is hazy with cigarette smoke. And the crowd is full of San Francisco martial artists.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The air in the theater is hazy with cigarette smoke. And the crowd is full of San Francisco martial artists.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re just waiting for Bruce to make a wrong move.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re just waiting for Bruce to make a wrong move.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then he invites somebody on stage, and says, try to defend yourself using your style, and I’ll show you why mine’s better\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then he invites somebody on stage, and says, try to defend yourself using your style, and I’ll show you why mine’s better\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He wants to show the speed and accuracy of his punch. As it turns out, the guy that comes up to be on stage with him is somebody who’s deeply affiliated with the Chinatown koons.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He wants to show the speed and accuracy of his punch. As it turns out, the guy that comes up to be on stage with him is somebody who’s deeply affiliated with the Chinatown koons.\u003c/p>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The koons are kung fu schools\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The koons are kung fu schools\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The volunteer blocks Bruce’s punch. Bruce tries again, and the kid blocks it again. Then, the kid puts up his fists, ready for a fight.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The volunteer blocks Bruce’s punch. Bruce tries again, and the kid blocks it again. Then, the kid puts up his fists, ready for a fight.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And everybody starts hooting and hollering, ’cause they’re cheering for the guy who came up from the audience. That’s their guy, right? He’s like a ringer.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And everybody starts hooting and hollering, ’cause they’re cheering for the guy who came up from the audience. That’s their guy, right? He’s like a ringer.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce is embarrassed. But he stops and collects himself… trying to refocus the message on what his school has to offer. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce is embarrassed. But he stops and collects himself… trying to refocus the message on what his school has to offer. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he says, “If you want more, come and see me in Oakland.” And what he really means is, “My school is in Oakland. You’re welcome to come, we’ll train and that kind of thing.”\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he says, “If you want more, come and see me in Oakland.” And what he really means is, “My school is in Oakland. You’re welcome to come, we’ll train and that kind of thing.”\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But at this point, tempers are high. And to the riled-up crowd it sounds like Bruce is saying: “let’s finish what we started, meet me in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But at this point, tempers are high. And to the riled-up crowd it sounds like Bruce is saying: “let’s finish what we started, meet me in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>This spreads through the sort of underground pipeline, right? The coconut wireless really fast.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>This spreads through the sort of underground pipeline, right? The coconut wireless really fast.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Soon every martial artist in the Bay Area is talking about what happened at the theater. And some San Francisco guys decide to challenge Bruce to a fight. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Soon every martial artist in the Bay Area is talking about what happened at the theater. And some San Francisco guys decide to challenge Bruce to a fight. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They want to see Bruce get his ass beaten.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They want to see Bruce get his ass beaten.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So they recruit an up-and-coming martial artist named Wong Jack-man, telling him, you’re our best hope to take this guy down. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So they recruit an up-and-coming martial artist named Wong Jack-man, telling him, you’re our best hope to take this guy down. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Now, Wong wasn’t at the Sun Sing Theater, and by all accounts, didn’t really seem to know what he was walking into.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Now, Wong wasn’t at the Sun Sing Theater, and by all accounts, didn’t really seem to know what he was walking into.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>WongJack-man thinks he’s going to Oakland to fight a comparison fight. It’s a friendly kind of thing. Everybody goes out and has tea and dim sum afterwards, right?\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>WongJack-man thinks he’s going to Oakland to fight a comparison fight. It’s a friendly kind of thing. Everybody goes out and has tea and dim sum afterwards, right?\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Instead, he’s an unwitting participant in one of Bruce Lee’s most famous fights. The Showdown in Oakland. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Instead, he’s an unwitting participant in one of Bruce Lee’s most famous fights. The Showdown in Oakland. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Here’s what happened according to Jeff and Greglon: \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Here’s what happened according to Jeff and Greglon: \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They come to the studio at dusk on a November evening. And at the studio are James, James Yimm Lee, Bruce and Linda. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They come to the studio at dusk on a November evening. And at the studio are James, James Yimm Lee, Bruce and Linda. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>I know that my dad did bring a gun just in case, just in case things got out of control.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>I know that my dad did bring a gun just in case, just in case things got out of control.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Elize: It starts out friendly enough…\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Elize: It starts out friendly enough…\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man reaches his hand out, and that Bruce, uh, sort of gives a faint instead. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man reaches his hand out, and that Bruce, uh, sort of gives a faint instead. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And lashes out with a punch \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And lashes out with a punch \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>That is directed at Wong Jack-man’s eyes. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>That is directed at Wong Jack-man’s eyes. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> So hard it leaves a mark.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> So hard it leaves a mark.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And the realization that, Oh, Bruce is actually out for blood, like this is something serious. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And the realization that, Oh, Bruce is actually out for blood, like this is something serious. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce presses in. He uses low kicks and close-up punches.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce presses in. He uses low kicks and close-up punches.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Most people Bruce dealt with, he could take them out in about five seconds. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Most people Bruce dealt with, he could take them out in about five seconds. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But Wong sidesteps the assault and deflects with his forearms. He uses long and graceful kicks and wide diagonal blows — like axes coming down — he hits Bruce HARD in the neck, and gets Bruce into a headlock.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But Wong sidesteps the assault and deflects with his forearms. He uses long and graceful kicks and wide diagonal blows — like axes coming down — he hits Bruce HARD in the neck, and gets Bruce into a headlock.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Like holding his neck under his arm.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Like holding his neck under his arm.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man could have won right there. But he lets go. He considers Bruce an opponent, not a mortal enemy. Bruce seizes the opportunity and attacks.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man could have won right there. But he lets go. He considers Bruce an opponent, not a mortal enemy. Bruce seizes the opportunity and attacks.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man started running.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man started running.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he trips on a floorboard and falls down. Bruce pounces on him. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he trips on a floorboard and falls down. Bruce pounces on him. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>They’re on the floor, with Bruce yelling, “You lost, admit it!” Their friends jump in and separate the two. And that was that. A pretty messy fight, ended by a floorboard. Not at all the resolution to the Oakland- San Francisco rivalry. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>They’re on the floor, with Bruce yelling, “You lost, admit it!” Their friends jump in and separate the two. And that was that. A pretty messy fight, ended by a floorboard. Not at all the resolution to the Oakland- San Francisco rivalry. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Except the story doesn’t end there. The fight at the studio was just the beginning. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Except the story doesn’t end there. The fight at the studio was just the beginning. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>It became a story that just passed word of mouth. The word gets back to Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>It became a story that just passed word of mouth. The word gets back to Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The magazines picked up about Bruce and Wong Jack-man, all kinds of rumors. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The magazines picked up about Bruce and Wong Jack-man, all kinds of rumors. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In one story, Wong Jack-man kills Bruce. In others, Bruce is defending the honor of an actress from Hong Kong. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In one story, Wong Jack-man kills Bruce. In others, Bruce is defending the honor of an actress from Hong Kong. \u003c/p>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But the biggest story — the one that has prevailed — is that the fight was about who gets to learn kung fu. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>But the biggest story — the one that has prevailed — is that the fight was about who gets to learn kung fu. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s part of the mythology around Bruce Lee, that he not only popularizes kung fu…\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s part of the mythology around Bruce Lee, that he not only popularizes kung fu…\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He opens the doors for non-Chinese to kind of study it. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He opens the doors for non-Chinese to kind of study it. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Though it’s a compelling story, it’s just not true. After all, this is San Francisco in the 60s we’re talking about here. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Though it’s a compelling story, it’s just not true. After all, this is San Francisco in the 60s we’re talking about here. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese. And so it just doesn’t stand up to, to that kind of scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese. And so it just doesn’t stand up to, to that kind of scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So a lot of the myths surrounding the Showdown are not true. But for Bruce, it was still a turning point.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So a lot of the myths surrounding the Showdown are not true. But for Bruce, it was still a turning point.\u003c/p>\n"
],
"innerBlocks": []
},
{
"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The fight was the first true test of his ideas. Wong Jack-man represented all of the things Bruce and James had been arguing needed to change. But it wasn’t the easy victory he had expected, says Greglon. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The fight was the first true test of his ideas. Wong Jack-man represented all of the things Bruce and James had been arguing needed to change. But it wasn’t the easy victory he had expected, says Greglon. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce changed his training completely. So actually, the fight with Wong Jack-man helped Bruce go to another level. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce changed his training completely. So actually, the fight with Wong Jack-man helped Bruce go to another level. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Martial arts is ultimately about fighting yourself, Bruce Lee would write later in life. You train to control your impulses, to empty your mind. And this fight showed him he wasn’t there yet. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Martial arts is ultimately about fighting yourself, Bruce Lee would write later in life. You train to control your impulses, to empty your mind. And this fight showed him he wasn’t there yet. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>He knew he needed to work harder. And get better. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>He knew he needed to work harder. And get better. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee:\u003c/strong> Iron sharpens iron. You don’t sharpen your knife or sword on wood or a piece of butter. So you always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee:\u003c/strong> Iron sharpens iron. You don’t sharpen your knife or sword on wood or a piece of butter. So you always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The timing of the Showdown would turn out to be important for Bruce. Because he would need these lessons as he embarked on a new phase of his career. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The timing of the Showdown would turn out to be important for Bruce. Because he would need these lessons as he embarked on a new phase of his career. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Shortly after the Showdown in Oakland, something unexpected happens. Bruce’s wife gets a call.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Shortly after the Showdown in Oakland, something unexpected happens. Bruce’s wife gets a call.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Out of the blue one afternoon. Linda gets a call, and it’s this Hollywood producer. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Out of the blue one afternoon. Linda gets a call, and it’s this Hollywood producer. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The producer’s barber saw Bruce do a kung fu demonstration earlier that year…and Bruce gets the role of Kato, the sidekick of a TV superhero named the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The producer’s barber saw Bruce do a kung fu demonstration earlier that year…and Bruce gets the role of Kato, the sidekick of a TV superhero named the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of martial arts fighting from The Green Hornet.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of martial arts fighting from The Green Hornet.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show only ran one season. And Kato doesn’t have many lines. But Bruce’s character, who uses martial arts to save the Green Hornet episode after episode, becomes a hit. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show only ran one season. And Kato doesn’t have many lines. But Bruce’s character, who uses martial arts to save the Green Hornet episode after episode, becomes a hit. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>As the management looks at the numbers of toys being sold, they’re like, well, Kato’s outselling the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>As the management looks at the numbers of toys being sold, they’re like, well, Kato’s outselling the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show gives Bruce a chance to show off his kung fu to a national audience. For many viewers, it’s their first time seeing martial arts. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show gives Bruce a chance to show off his kung fu to a national audience. For many viewers, it’s their first time seeing martial arts. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But Bruce still can’t break into the mainstream. When the show gets canceled, Bruce struggles to find new work.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>But Bruce still can’t break into the mainstream. When the show gets canceled, Bruce struggles to find new work.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He can’t get a single job in Hollywood for a while unless it’s as a fight choreographer or in a sort of stereotypically, like, you know, oriental type role that he would refuse to play. And he comes to realize at some point, well, actually, they don’t see me as a main character. And so he has to, at that point, make a choice.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He can’t get a single job in Hollywood for a while unless it’s as a fight choreographer or in a sort of stereotypically, like, you know, oriental type role that he would refuse to play. And he comes to realize at some point, well, actually, they don’t see me as a main character. And so he has to, at that point, make a choice.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So at age 29, he decides, forget this. I’m going back to Asia, where I’m gonna be a superstar. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So at age 29, he decides, forget this. I’m going back to Asia, where I’m gonna be a superstar. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>And in Hong Kong, his career explodes. He does a movie called \u003cem>Big Boss\u003c/em>, and then another called \u003cem>Fist of Fury.\u003c/em> After one screening, the audience was so excited, they actually tore the seats out of the movie theater. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>And in Hong Kong, his career explodes. He does a movie called \u003cem>Big Boss\u003c/em>, and then another called \u003cem>Fist of Fury.\u003c/em> After one screening, the audience was so excited, they actually tore the seats out of the movie theater. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>At this point that, Bruce is the largest star by far in Asia.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>At this point that, Bruce is the largest star by far in Asia.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>After a few years of mega-stardom, he writes, directs and stars in a third movie called \u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em>, where he faces off against a then-unknown actor named Chuck Norris. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>After a few years of mega-stardom, he writes, directs and stars in a third movie called \u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em>, where he faces off against a then-unknown actor named Chuck Norris. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He joked with his mother. Mom, in this movie, I get to beat up a white guy.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He joked with his mother. Mom, in this movie, I get to beat up a white guy.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>\u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em> was Bruce’s crossover hit. Suddenly Bruce’s movies are being watched back in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>\u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em> was Bruce’s crossover hit. Suddenly Bruce’s movies are being watched back in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re being imported, they’re dubbed, and they’re packing the theatres.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re being imported, they’re dubbed, and they’re packing the theatres.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Finally, Hollywood notices and comes crawling back. Warner Bros approaches him and his manager in Hong Kong about a new film they want him to star in. And this time, Bruce Lee gets to call the shots. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Finally, Hollywood notices and comes crawling back. Warner Bros approaches him and his manager in Hong Kong about a new film they want him to star in. And this time, Bruce Lee gets to call the shots. \u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Here he is in an interview from 1971:\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Here he is in an interview from 1971:\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> So are you going to go to the United States and be famous or you going to try and eat your cake and have it too?\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> So are you going to go to the United States and be famous or you going to try and eat your cake and have it too?\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I am going to do both because you see I have already made up my mind that in the United States something about the Oriental needs to be shown.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I am going to do both because you see I have already made up my mind that in the United States something about the Oriental needs to be shown.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> Hollywood sure hasn’t.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> Hollywood sure hasn’t.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> You better believe it man, it’s all chop chop and with the eyes.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> You better believe it man, it’s all chop chop and with the eyes.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He directs the fight scenes, negotiates higher pay and takes ownership of the script. And he names the movie — \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He directs the fight scenes, negotiates higher pay and takes ownership of the script. And he names the movie — \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Originally, the writer and director saw Bruce’s character as an Asian James Bond. But Bruce Lee thought that that was too Western … too imperialist. The character, he said, should be a Shaolin monk. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Originally, the writer and director saw Bruce’s character as an Asian James Bond. But Bruce Lee thought that that was too Western … too imperialist. The character, he said, should be a Shaolin monk. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>These are ideas that he’s adopted from Taoism that he’s been teaching to other folks since he was 19 years old.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>These are ideas that he’s adopted from Taoism that he’s been teaching to other folks since he was 19 years old.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon clip:\u003c/strong> Don’t think, feel. It’s like a finger pointing to the moon. Don’t concentrate on the finger or you will miss all of the heavenly glory.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon clip:\u003c/strong> Don’t think, feel. It’s like a finger pointing to the moon. Don’t concentrate on the finger or you will miss all of the heavenly glory.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce knew he was on the cusp of global stardom. But in his intense focus on his career, he may have ignored signs from his body that something was deeply wrong. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce knew he was on the cusp of global stardom. But in his intense focus on his career, he may have ignored signs from his body that something was deeply wrong. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In May 1973, he has a seizure on set. The doctors can’t find any reason for it, so they allow him to return to work. He continues traveling and working hard. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>In May 1973, he has a seizure on set. The doctors can’t find any reason for it, so they allow him to return to work. He continues traveling and working hard. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>A few months later, he has a headache, so he takes an aspirin and a tranquilizer and falls asleep. He never wakes up. He’s only 32 years old. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>A few months later, he has a headache, so he takes an aspirin and a tranquilizer and falls asleep. He never wakes up. He’s only 32 years old. \u003c/p>\n"
],
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip:\u003c/strong> Hong Kong was stunned, and as the word spread, people read with shock and disbelief that Bruce Lee was dead.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip:\u003c/strong> Hong Kong was stunned, and as the word spread, people read with shock and disbelief that Bruce Lee was dead.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> A 1973 documentary “Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend” shows a crowd gathering outside the funeral parlor.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> A 1973 documentary “Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend” shows a crowd gathering outside the funeral parlor.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip: \u003c/strong>Several hundred extra police were detailed to try to control the crowd; no one could believe that someone like Bruce Lee, so young, so fit, could just die.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip: \u003c/strong>Several hundred extra police were detailed to try to control the crowd; no one could believe that someone like Bruce Lee, so young, so fit, could just die.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>His death is still a mystery. The autopsy reveals a cerebral edema, which is a swelling of the brain caused by trauma, and other factors, but could not determine a cause.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>His death is still a mystery. The autopsy reveals a cerebral edema, which is a swelling of the brain caused by trauma, and other factors, but could not determine a cause.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Enter the Dragon, Bruce’s triumphant return to Hollywood, premieres just days later. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Enter the Dragon, Bruce’s triumphant return to Hollywood, premieres just days later. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon trailer:\u003c/strong> What do you know about Han? We are investigating corruption….\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon trailer:\u003c/strong> What do you know about Han? We are investigating corruption….\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The film was a box office hit and cemented Bruce Lee’s legacy as not just a martial artist, but as a Hollywood star. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The film was a box office hit and cemented Bruce Lee’s legacy as not just a martial artist, but as a Hollywood star. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>For the first time, Americans finally see Bruce Lee as he wants to be seen: his confidence, his physique, and his philosophy all on display. Here he is in 1971 on the Pierre Berton Show. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>For the first time, Americans finally see Bruce Lee as he wants to be seen: his confidence, his physique, and his philosophy all on display. Here he is in 1971 on the Pierre Berton Show. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>You see, the idea is running water never grow stale, so you got to just keep on flowing.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>You see, the idea is running water never grow stale, so you got to just keep on flowing.\u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>If you watch Bruce Lee movies now, this is the man you see: disciplined, polished, cool. But Hollywood only got the finished product. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>If you watch Bruce Lee movies now, this is the man you see: disciplined, polished, cool. But Hollywood only got the finished product. \u003c/p>\n"
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"blockName": "core/paragraph",
"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s Bruce was much more raw, reckless, full of dreams and ambition. Though his time here was brief, the battles he fought shaped his philosophy and honed his skills so he could become the superstar we know today. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s Bruce was much more raw, reckless, full of dreams and ambition. Though his time here was brief, the battles he fought shaped his philosophy and honed his skills so he could become the superstar we know today. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That was KQED’s Elize Manoukian. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That was KQED’s Elize Manoukian. \u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Thanks to Sam Hopkins for asking today’s question. And he’ll be glad to know Bruce Lee is getting a little more recognition locally.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Thanks to Sam Hopkins for asking today’s question. And he’ll be glad to know Bruce Lee is getting a little more recognition locally.\u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>California recently designated May 17 Bruce Lee Day to commemorate the date the fighter moved to the U.S. as a teenager. \u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>California recently designated May 17 Bruce Lee Day to commemorate the date the fighter moved to the U.S. as a teenager. \u003c/p>\n"
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"attrs": [],
"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>At the site of Bruce Lee’s Oakland studio, there’s a street sign designating the intersection “Bruce Lee Way.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>At the site of Bruce Lee’s Oakland studio, there’s a street sign designating the intersection “Bruce Lee Way.” \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>And the Chinese Historical Society of America also has a cool exhibit about Bruce’s life and career at their museum in San Francisco’s Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>And the Chinese Historical Society of America also has a cool exhibit about Bruce’s life and career at their museum in San Francisco’s Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Thanks also to Charlie Russo, and Rick Wing, whose writing about Bruce Lee and the showdown in Oakland were helpful in the making of this story.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone at KQED.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone at KQED.\u003c/p>\n"
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"excerpt": "Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco, but found his people in the East Bay. His legendary 1964 Oakland fight reshaped his martial arts philosophy and stoked rumors about race and kung fu.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca href=\"#episode-transcript\">View the full episode transcript.\u003c/a>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Greglon Lee peered through the gaps in a black, wrought-iron fence enclosing an empty corner lot on \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland’s\u003c/a> Auto Row. More than half a century ago, the martial arts legend Bruce Lee — then still unknown — ran a kung fu studio here with Greglon’s father. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Though they were peers and close friends, Greglon’s father was one of Bruce’s most fervent disciples.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The main teacher was Bruce,” Greglon said. “My dad was 20 years older, and had just as much experience, but he let Bruce run things. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086153\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01191-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Greglon Lee stores James Lee’s old Mook Jong, a training tool in martial arts, in the garage of the apartment complex he lives at in Berkeley on June 1, 2026. Greglon Lee is the son of James Lee, a martial artist who once was Bruce Lee’s training partner. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The studio served as the ring of what may have been one of the most important fights of Bruce Lee’s life: the Showdown in Oakland. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is the school where Bruce fought Wong Jack-man,” Greglon said. “Bruce took it personally.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce Lee was born in San Francisco when his parents were on tour with an opera company from Hong Kong. He returned to the Bay Area as a young man to study and train, making a name for himself as a martial artist. But only recently has California made an effort to recognize and celebrate the Hollywood star’s early roots here. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Earlier this summer, San Francisco officials and Chinatown community members, along with Bruce’s daughter, Shannon, led the effort to commemorate May 17 — the day Bruce moved back to the city from Hong Kong as a teen — as Bruce Lee Day — becoming the first Chinese American to be honored with a namesake day in state history. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-4-3 wp-has-aspect-ratio\">\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/k2BKNDc48N4'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/k2BKNDc48N4'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/div>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Though the Hollywood icon and martial artist’s time here in the Bay Area was brief, it was formative. Among the best-known chapters is the Showdown in Oakland, when he exchanged blows with a martial artist from San Francisco. The fight has become lore in the martial arts world, the subject of books, magazine articles and films, and is well-known to Bruce Lee fans around the world. More than 60 years after it happened, it remains controversial and hotly debated within dojos and on online forums. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It’s the story of how gung fu — let’s call it by its English name — how kung fu becomes American,” said Berkeley-based historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, who wrote the recent biography \u003cem>Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian-America, \u003c/em>of the fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Like the classic Akira Kurosawa film \u003cem>Rashomon\u003c/em>, which explores truth and self-interest among characters who give contradictory accounts of an event they witness, the story of the fight reads like a case study in selective human memory. Countless retellings, each drawing from legend and third-hand accounts, have inevitably added a bit to the hero’s journey, turning the story into its own myth. Here’s what really happened: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Moving back to the heart of the martial arts scene \u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In 1964, Bruce was a student at the University of Washington, but spent more time fighting than studying. Through his work as a cha-cha instructor, which would occasionally bring him to the Bay Area to make money, he met an Oakland resident named James Yimm Lee — Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>James, who grew up in Oakland, came from the world of blue-collar bodybuilding and weightlifting. But he was also a skilled martial artist who wanted to modernize and popularize the sport. When he met Bruce, James realized he “was the real deal,” Greglon said, “kind of like the [martial arts] Michael Jordan.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cdiv class=\"wp-block-image\">\n\u003cfigure class=\"alignleft size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1442\" height=\"2000\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091696\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED.jpg 1442w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED-160x222.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-03-KQED-1107x1536.jpg 1107w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1442px) 100vw, 1442px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in long-sleeved shirt, smiling in a family portrait. His wife, Linda Lee Caldwell, holds her daughter, Shannon, with Brandon on the left. (Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/div>\n\n\n\u003cp>Despite sharing a surname, the men weren’t related but became fast friends and instant collaborators. So, James convinced Bruce to move, along with his wife Linda Lee Caldwell — who was then eight months pregnant — to the Bay Area, to live with James and his two children. James’ wife had just died of cancer, so Linda helped care for Greglon and his sister. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The Bay Area, at that point,” said Chang, is “the heart of the U.S. martial arts movement. You have like all of these folks who are working class fighters … security guards or policemen or military. And they’re all mixing up into a martial arts scene that now is desegregating — and it’s created a lot of ferment. Bruce wanted to be down there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce and James spent countless hours together, training and dissecting their craft. The two articulated a shared vision of martial arts: one that fluidly changed between styles and forms, and drew upon Daoism as a philosophy for how to live. To practice these ideas, they set up a kung fu school together in Oakland, which at first they ran out of James’ garage. When they started to pick up more students, they opened up the storefront at 4157 Broadway Street. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The two shared a belief that martial arts should be more adaptable, not as fixed in style or form. And they both chafed at what they perceived as rigidity among other martial arts teachers — particularly in San Francisco. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As a young man, Bruce had run afoul of some of the San Francisco Chinatown koons — or kung fu schools. The community, at that time, was extremely wary of outsiders, and, due to decades of anti-Chinese racism, protective of their schools, Chang said. Exclusionary policies had heavily \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11443320/as-chinese-exclusion-act-turns-135-experts-point-to-parallels-today\">restricted Chinese immigration\u003c/a>, siloing off the community from newer waves of Chinese from the mainland and surrounding territories. San Francisco residents didn’t know what to make of Bruce, Chang said — “a loud, brash immigrant from Hong Kong.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The Sun Sing Theater demonstration\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Tensions came to a head in August 1964, when Bruce gave a martial arts demonstration at San Francisco Chinatown’s \u003ca href=\"https://cinematreasures.org/theaters/3939/\">Sun Sing Theater\u003c/a> at 1021 Grant Ave. — one of San Francisco’s oldest opera houses, and where his father had performed opera nearly two decades earlier (though the building’s gorgeous facade remains, it’s boarded up today).\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce had been there on tour with Diana Chang, known as the “Mandarin Marilyn Monroe,” to dance the cha-cha. But after they finished their performance, Bruce had a surprise for the crowd: he took to the stage to demonstrate his style of martial arts for the packed house. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A fight nearly broke out on stage, and the crowd hurled cigarette butts and insults at Bruce, then only 24 years old. As Chang describes it, Bruce scrambled to get the situation back under control.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1338\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091695\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-02-KQED-1536x1028.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee in a yellow jumpsuit in action while directing Kareem Abdul-Jabbar on the set of “Game of Death.” (Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I would like to let everybody know that any time my Chinatown brothers want to try out my Wing Chun,” Bruce said, as retold in Chang’s book, “they are welcomed to come find me at my school in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To the riled-up crowd, this sounded like a challenge.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To the San Francisco martial artists, a fight seemed inevitable. And they chose a promising young fighter, a \u003ca href=\"https://www.jingmo.com/\">\u003cem>jing wu\u003c/em>\u003c/a> star named Wong Jack-man, to challenge the “young dissident,” as the elders in the city called him. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Wong was known for being stoic, polished — a picture of grace and power — in comparison with Bruce’s more back-alley style of brawling. To this day, it’s not clear why he agreed to the proposal when his Chinatown friends came to the Jackson Cafe, at 633 Battery, where he worked as a waiter, and asked him to represent the big city in the challenge against Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The ‘Showdown in Oakland’\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The match-up — wrote Charles Russo, San Francisco journalist and author of \u003cem>Striking Distance: Bruce Lee and the Dawn of Martial Arts in America\u003c/em> — was “spectacular,” pitting two talented young martial artists with a uniquely yin-yang-like symmetry together. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Bruce’s style was compact and economical. Wong’s expansive and acrobatic,” Russo said. “Collectively, it had all the characteristics of a fight promoter’s dream.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At the end of a cold day in November 1964, Wong Jack-man and his friends piled into a crimson Pontiac Tempest and drove to the Broadway studio in Oakland.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086152\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01676-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee’s old home on Monticello Avenue in East Oakland on June 1, 2026. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Waiting inside were a “very pregnant Linda,” James, and Bruce, Chang said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Wong was dressed formally, in a dark, high-collared, long-sleeved uniform with lacing down the middle. Bruce wore white jeans and a white tank top. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>There were a total of nine people in the studio, only one of whom is alive today, Bruce’s wife Linda. And she did not speak Cantonese, the \u003cem>lingua franca\u003c/em> of the fight, so undoubtedly some context was lost. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>However, everyone can agree on what happened next: David Chin, one of Wong’s friends and an instigator of the fight, began enumerating rules. Bruce “kept the tone harsh,” martial arts journalist Russo said: “You came to my school to challenge me, and now you want to set the rules?”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>When Wong reached out to shake hands, the tense Bruce Lee threw out a feint that crashed right above Wong’s eye — immediately setting the tone for the rest of the fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1539\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091693\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-160x123.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-BRUCE-LEE-01-KQED-1536x1182.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Bruce Lee during the Hall of Mirrors scene on the set of “Enter the Dragon.” (Courtesy of the Bruce Lee Family Archive)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At one point, wrote Rick Wing, one of Wong’s students and another chronicler of the fight, Wong got Bruce into a headlock, though eventually, he let go.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Wong considered Lee to be a sparring opponent only, and not a mortal enemy,” Wing said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Wong later told Wing about Bruce: “He would never say he lost until you killed him.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A final detail of the fight that everyone agrees with: once Bruce got out of the headlock, he lunged after Wong, who turned and tried to evade the attack. Then, he tripped on a floorboard. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The two scuffled on the edge of the studio, with Bruce pummeling Wong with punches and yelling, “Admit it, you lost!”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Whether Wong actually surrendered is up for debate. However, multiple kung fu students of San Francisco Chinatown have relayed third-hand that if Wong had won, the neighborhood would have been celebrating. Instead, it was silent the next day, like a funeral. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The aftermath of the fight\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The details are somewhat unremarkable — a messy fight in a small Oakland studio with a murky victory — but rumors of the fight, and what caused it, would spread like wildfire through the martial arts community and ultimately reach Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The rumor mill claimed over and over — in tabloids, martial arts magazines and even major Hollywood films — that Chinatown’s old guard took issue with Bruce teaching kung fu to non-Chinese people. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12086154\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/06/260601-BRUCELEE-TV-01619-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Greglon Lee poses for a portrait at the apartment complex he lives at in Berkeley on June 1, 2026. Greglon Lee is the son of James Lee, a martial artist who once was Bruce Lee’s training partner. (Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Those who peddle this narrative often point to discrimination Bruce may have faced growing up in Hong Kong, due to his own background as a quarter-Dutch on his mom’s side. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But Chang questioned whether this narrative holds up to scrutiny. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people,” Chang said. “I just think that’s not true at all. The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese for a long time.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But the fight did have a big effect on Bruce’s life and career.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For all of his bluster, the fight against Wong Jack-man was a huge reality check for Bruce, who realized his technique and conditioning came up short of his own expectations. His sloppy “victory” would forever alter his approach to martial arts, his biographers have said, and came at the right time, just as his Hollywood star was about to rise. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Iron sharpens iron,” Greglon said. “You always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better. [After] the fight with Wong Jack-man, Bruce changed his training completely. It helped Bruce go to another level.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Just months after The Showdown in Oakland, Bruce Lee got a call from a Hollywood producer asking him to audition for a part. It was his first big break and the beginning of a distinguished film career that ultimately led to Bruce starring in his most famous film, \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Whether or not the story bears the weight of the facts, “there’s a great mythology here,” Chang said, that may represent its power to this day. In the showdown, Bruce Lee’s fans found a battle over culture and change, one that matched the upheaval of the times, and wider shifts within Asian America. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Although that context was real, the more meaningful transformation was within Bruce himself. He went on to dedicate his life to becoming one of the best that ever lived. As an actor, he challenged stereotypes in Hollywood, refusing roles that typecast him. In his short life, he paved the way for future generations and set an example that continues to inspire and comfort fans to this day.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-content post-body\">\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"episode-transcript\">Episode transcript\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There was always something special about Bruce Lee.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Enter the Dragon theme song plays\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>The martial artist and actor was one of the first Asian stars in Hollywood. His path to fame wasn’t easy, but it paved the way for other Asian Americans to do the same today. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>There’s this famous thing Bruce said…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I said empty your mind…be formless, shapeless…like water. Water can flow or crash. Be water, my friend…”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>It’s the cornerstone of his martial arts philosophy…as much a mantra for how to live as a fighting technique. Be adaptable. Go with the flow … even if you’re riding a tidal wave.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce was a disruptor in the kung fu world…a young upstart who wanted to do things differently. Though he would eventually become this legendary figure in American culture, it took him years to hone his own style and philosophy. And many of the early moments that shaped him, the ones that made him \u003cem>the\u003c/em> Bruce Lee we see on the silver screen, they took place in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I assume there’s people alive still in Oakland and San Francisco who know him and have great stories to share. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That’s Bay Curious listener Sam Hopkins. Sam’s first exposure to Bruce Lee was in the star’s most famous film — Enter the Dragon.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>Most people would say like the defining one in the one that first like drew me into him and pulled me in. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>As a kid, he loved Bruce’s kung-fu moves. But as an adult he’s come to appreciate how brave Bruce was. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>The thing that really inspires me about him is that he changed how people think. And that’s so powerful, like how they view themselves and how they view others and pushed against like all these stereotypes and all these limitations that Hollywood was putting on him and society was putting on him. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>Sam’s become kind of obsessed. He’s watched documentaries about Bruce Lee, been to museum exhibits about him and located local spots in San Francisco and Oakland that were meaningful in Bruce’s life. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>And I just have always wondered though, why isn’t there more in terms of honoring his legacy and all the great things that he did in his time here? \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>There’s this one story Sam has heard over and over about “The Showdown in Oakland,” a fight between Bruce and a kung fu fighter from San Francisco that has become lore in the martial arts world. It’s one of the early moments in Bruce’s career that puts him on the map, and it’s practically a legend at this point. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Sam Hopkins: \u003c/strong>I’ve heard different versions of it. So I’m just so curious, like which one is like the most accurate?\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>This is Bay Curious. The show where we answer listener questions about the San Francisco Bay Area. I’m Olivia Allen-Price.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>KQED’s Elize Manoukian set out to separate fact from fiction and understand what role the Bay Area played in Bruce Lee’s life.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> There’s an interview Bruce Lee gives in 1966, right as his star is about to rise. He’s still a bit of an unknown…it seems like the interviewer doesn’t know who he is.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>I think his name is Bruce Lee…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In the interview, Bruce explains to a mainstream American audience what kung fu is, using the Chinese pronunciation.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>Well, gung fu is a Chinese form of combat. Arts like karate or jiu jitsu derive from gung fu. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then the journalist asks him: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival: \u003c/strong>Don’t you have some karate schools in San Francisco or something?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>There are multiple issues with that question, but Bruce homes in on just one.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: In Oakland, really. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even at this early point in his Hollywood career, the difference between the two Bay Area cities was important to him. You’ll soon hear why.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce lived in the Bay Area only a short while — just a few years — but his time in Oakland and San Francisco would go on to have a major influence on his career, and some have argued, on the way we think about martial arts in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> It’s a story in a way of how gung fu…how Kung Fu becomes American\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s historian and cultural critic Jeff Chang, the author of a recent Bruce Lee biography, “Water, Mirror, Echo: Bruce Lee and the Making of Asian America.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>I asked him to tell me about Bruce’s life here, starting from the very beginning. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Bruce was born in the Bay Area. He is there because his parents are on a tour. His dad is a famous Cantonese opera singer.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And while his dad is performing in San Francisco, his mom becomes pregnant\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So he’s born in this segregated hospital in 1940.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In San Francisco’s Chinese Hospital, which is still open today. His mom, Grace, names her baby Bruce. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Soon after, the family heads back to Hong Kong, which is quickly becoming the heart of Asia’s film industry. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce’s dad, Hoi Cheun, transitions from singing opera to acting in movies. And at a young age, Bruce starts acting too.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>So the directors are looking at who’s this kid. He’s so, he’s so fascinating. He’s got so much energy. He loves to be. He’s like a born showperson. Let’s put him in the movies. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Bruce Lee speaking Cantonese in The Kid\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Bruce at age 10, in a movie called the Kid. It’s about a tough street urchin with a heart of gold. The film premieres in 1950, and it’s a smash success in Hong Kong. But being famous is hard on Bruce, and he starts getting picked on in school.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This is Bruce Lee’s martial arts origin story. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And so he learns to try to figure out ways of protecting himself.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And eventually, he meets a seifu, a Gongfu seifu named Yipman. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Yipman is a legendary figure in 1950s Hong Kong. He trains Bruce in a discipline called Wing Chun. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At this point, Hong Kong’s youth culture is obsessed with kung fu and streetfighting. Kids would literally challenge each other and battle on school rooftops.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Turns out that Bruce really loves the taste of blood on his lips.\u003cbr>\u003cstrong>\u003cbr>\u003c/strong>\u003cem>Music end\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce has a short fuse and loves “talking with his hands,”. During his teen years, he gets a bad boy, James-Dean-kinda reputation in Hong Kong. He even gets kicked out of school for fighting. One day, when Bruce is 18 years old, the police come to his parents house, and tell them that if he stays in Hong Kong, he’ll be arrested. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And his parents are like, that’s it. You know, the police are after you, like the gangs are after you. You’re not, you’re not going to be here anymore. We’re going to send you back to the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Remember, Bruce was born in the U.S., so he’s a citizen. In 1959, his parents give him $100 and send him to live with one of their friends in San Francisco Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce gets a job, his first non-acting job, at a restaurant.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He hates it. He can’t take it. Like, this is beneath me. You know, I’ve been on the movie screen, and now you got me cutting carrots. Like, no, I’m not, I’m not about that life. So he quits in a day. And his guardian is like, OK, — Well, I guess we have to have you teach cha-cha then.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Oh, I forgot to mention: Bruce is an amazing dancer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Cha-cha was a huge craze in 1950s Hong Kong, and Bruce is super athletic. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>So while learning English, Bruce starts teaching cha-cha to San Francisco’s Chinese community to make money. But he’s bored. And restless. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he’s like, where are the fighters here? \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He can’t help himself. There’s some part of him that just needs to feel the \u003cem>rush\u003c/em> of a real, flesh-and-blood fight again. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>So he walks into a kung fu school and challenges the other students to a fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And they run him out immediately.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s the first in a long list of grievances San Francisco’s kung fu community will have with Bruce. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As if his parents read the writing on the wall, they decide to send him to Seattle.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>His parents are like, OK, you’re going to get in trouble again. We’re sending you to a place where there’s less Chinese, there’s less distractions. And you’re going to finish your fricking diploma, and you’re going to get a college degree.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> He never gets that diploma. In fact, Bruce doesn’t last long in Seattle, although he does end up getting married to a woman named Linda while he’s there. The Bay Area is the heart of the West Coast’s martial arts scene, and Bruce wants to get back there. So he drops out of the University of Washington, moves his young family, and gambles everything…on the Bay. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen Price: \u003c/strong>Back in Oakland, Bruce meets some folks who help him refine his theories and practice of martial arts. More on that when we come back. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sponsor break\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price:\u003c/strong> The year is 1964, a time of major cultural change. Young people are questioning everything about U.S. society. And Bruce Lee, who has just moved back to the Bay Area as a 24-year-old college dropout, is going through his own personal revolution. He isn’t just studying martial arts; he has some radical ideas about its future. And he finds some enthusiastic disciples in the Bay Area. Elize Manoukian takes us to Oakland. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Yeah, this is the old house: 3039 Monticello. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>That’s Greglon Lee, a kung fu sifu based in Berkeley. He’s showing me the funky, yellow bungalow in the East Oakland hills where he once lived with Bruce Lee. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce spent a lot of time here, and he was basically training 10-12 hours a day.\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Even as a college student, Bruce had picked up kung fu students across the West Coast. And one of the most dedicated was a man named James Yimm Lee, Greglon’s dad. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was one of his top students; my dad had been training with him for a few years.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was a local streetfighter and bodybuilder. He became fascinated with kung fu, wanted to modernize and popularize it. He knew Bruce could help. So he convinced Bruce and his family to move in with him and his kids in the East Bay. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>You come down to Oakland. We got you covered, roof over your head, and you can train and do whatever you want.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James filled his garage with a bunch of diy equipment — punching pads, shields, leg stretchers. The two men scrutinized reels of Mohammed Ali boxing fights. They practiced what worked from classical styles of martial arts and threw away the rest. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>To get better when you’re already good ain’t easy. You really have to break things down completely. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>James was helping Bruce invent a NEW style of martial arts that tried to break away from set technique completely. Classical kung fu was too rigid, they said. Instead, they experimented with fusing wing chun, boxing, street fighting with some heavy doses of Daoist philosophy. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The individual has to really do their own work. There’s no magic pill. There’s no magic movement to martial arts. It’s getting to know yourself. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce’s homegrown fighting style would eventually become known as Jeet Kun Do, or as Greg calls it, JKD. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>And you’ve got to remember the Cha Cha taught him really good footwork and how to change timing, which is really the key to J. K. D. It’s not static.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce and James gain some attention for their new fighting style. Students come from hundreds of miles away to study with them. They pick up enough disciples that they decide to open up a little studio on Broadway Street in Oakland, near what’s now auto row. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>My dad was twenty years older, but he let Bruce run everything. Because Bruce knew what he was doing and it was obvious that Bruce had it.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In Oakland, Bruce gains confidence in his approach to martial arts, and he’s convinced the San Francisco kung fu scene is \u003cem>backwards … \u003c/em>he’s not shy about sharing that opinion. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Here’s Bruce Lee biographer Jeff Chang again: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He’s basically saying, all of your schools, all the stuff they teach you: That’s all garbage. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And some people in San Francisco get wind of this.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They don’t have short-term memories. Like, they remember when Bruce first was there.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It all comes to a head in the summer of 1964. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bruce is promoting his Oakland school, in a kung fu demonstration at San Francisco’s Sun Sing Theater, the same stage where his dad performed opera, two decades earlier. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>During his demo, he starts critiquing the style of teaching in San Francisco, but in kind of a brash, 24-year-old way. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Everything that you’ve been taught is no good. Let me show you how a real martial artist does things. Provocative, right?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The air in the theater is hazy with cigarette smoke. And the crowd is full of San Francisco martial artists.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re just waiting for Bruce to make a wrong move.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Then he invites somebody on stage, and says, try to defend yourself using your style, and I’ll show you why mine’s better\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He wants to show the speed and accuracy of his punch. As it turns out, the guy that comes up to be on stage with him is somebody who’s deeply affiliated with the Chinatown koons.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The koons are kung fu schools\u003cstrong>. \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The volunteer blocks Bruce’s punch. Bruce tries again, and the kid blocks it again. Then, the kid puts up his fists, ready for a fight.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And everybody starts hooting and hollering, ’cause they’re cheering for the guy who came up from the audience. That’s their guy, right? He’s like a ringer.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce is embarrassed. But he stops and collects himself… trying to refocus the message on what his school has to offer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he says, “If you want more, come and see me in Oakland.” And what he really means is, “My school is in Oakland. You’re welcome to come, we’ll train and that kind of thing.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But at this point, tempers are high. And to the riled-up crowd it sounds like Bruce is saying: “let’s finish what we started, meet me in Oakland.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>This spreads through the sort of underground pipeline, right? The coconut wireless really fast.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Soon every martial artist in the Bay Area is talking about what happened at the theater. And some San Francisco guys decide to challenge Bruce to a fight. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They want to see Bruce get his ass beaten.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So they recruit an up-and-coming martial artist named Wong Jack-man, telling him, you’re our best hope to take this guy down. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Now, Wong wasn’t at the Sun Sing Theater, and by all accounts, didn’t really seem to know what he was walking into.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>WongJack-man thinks he’s going to Oakland to fight a comparison fight. It’s a friendly kind of thing. Everybody goes out and has tea and dim sum afterwards, right?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Instead, he’s an unwitting participant in one of Bruce Lee’s most famous fights. The Showdown in Oakland. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Here’s what happened according to Jeff and Greglon: \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They come to the studio at dusk on a November evening. And at the studio are James, James Yimm Lee, Bruce and Linda. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>I know that my dad did bring a gun just in case, just in case things got out of control.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Elize: It starts out friendly enough…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man reaches his hand out, and that Bruce, uh, sort of gives a faint instead. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>And lashes out with a punch \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>That is directed at Wong Jack-man’s eyes. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> So hard it leaves a mark.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And the realization that, Oh, Bruce is actually out for blood, like this is something serious. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce presses in. He uses low kicks and close-up punches.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Most people Bruce dealt with, he could take them out in about five seconds. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>But Wong sidesteps the assault and deflects with his forearms. He uses long and graceful kicks and wide diagonal blows — like axes coming down — he hits Bruce HARD in the neck, and gets Bruce into a headlock.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Like holding his neck under his arm.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man could have won right there. But he lets go. He considers Bruce an opponent, not a mortal enemy. Bruce seizes the opportunity and attacks.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Wong Jack-man started running.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>And he trips on a floorboard and falls down. Bruce pounces on him. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>They’re on the floor, with Bruce yelling, “You lost, admit it!” Their friends jump in and separate the two. And that was that. A pretty messy fight, ended by a floorboard. Not at all the resolution to the Oakland- San Francisco rivalry. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Except the story doesn’t end there. The fight at the studio was just the beginning. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>It became a story that just passed word of mouth. The word gets back to Hong Kong.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>The magazines picked up about Bruce and Wong Jack-man, all kinds of rumors. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>In one story, Wong Jack-man kills Bruce. In others, Bruce is defending the honor of an actress from Hong Kong. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But the biggest story — the one that has prevailed — is that the fight was about who gets to learn kung fu. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Very famously, the fight has been portrayed as this thing where Bruce was defending his right to teach non-Chinese people.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>It’s part of the mythology around Bruce Lee, that he not only popularizes kung fu…\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He opens the doors for non-Chinese to kind of study it. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Though it’s a compelling story, it’s just not true. After all, this is San Francisco in the 60s we’re talking about here. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang:\u003c/strong> The record shows that the koons in San Francisco had already opened themselves to non-Chinese. And so it just doesn’t stand up to, to that kind of scrutiny.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So a lot of the myths surrounding the Showdown are not true. But for Bruce, it was still a turning point.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The fight was the first true test of his ideas. Wong Jack-man represented all of the things Bruce and James had been arguing needed to change. But it wasn’t the easy victory he had expected, says Greglon. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee: \u003c/strong>Bruce changed his training completely. So actually, the fight with Wong Jack-man helped Bruce go to another level. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Martial arts is ultimately about fighting yourself, Bruce Lee would write later in life. You train to control your impulses, to empty your mind. And this fight showed him he wasn’t there yet. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He knew he needed to work harder. And get better. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Greglon Lee:\u003c/strong> Iron sharpens iron. You don’t sharpen your knife or sword on wood or a piece of butter. So you always have to have an adversary, an opponent in fighting to get better.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The timing of the Showdown would turn out to be important for Bruce. Because he would need these lessons as he embarked on a new phase of his career. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Shortly after the Showdown in Oakland, something unexpected happens. Bruce’s wife gets a call.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>Out of the blue one afternoon. Linda gets a call, and it’s this Hollywood producer. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The producer’s barber saw Bruce do a kung fu demonstration earlier that year…and Bruce gets the role of Kato, the sidekick of a TV superhero named the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Sounds of martial arts fighting from The Green Hornet.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show only ran one season. And Kato doesn’t have many lines. But Bruce’s character, who uses martial arts to save the Green Hornet episode after episode, becomes a hit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>As the management looks at the numbers of toys being sold, they’re like, well, Kato’s outselling the Green Hornet.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The show gives Bruce a chance to show off his kung fu to a national audience. For many viewers, it’s their first time seeing martial arts. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But Bruce still can’t break into the mainstream. When the show gets canceled, Bruce struggles to find new work.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He can’t get a single job in Hollywood for a while unless it’s as a fight choreographer or in a sort of stereotypically, like, you know, oriental type role that he would refuse to play. And he comes to realize at some point, well, actually, they don’t see me as a main character. And so he has to, at that point, make a choice.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>So at age 29, he decides, forget this. I’m going back to Asia, where I’m gonna be a superstar. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And in Hong Kong, his career explodes. He does a movie called \u003cem>Big Boss\u003c/em>, and then another called \u003cem>Fist of Fury.\u003c/em> After one screening, the audience was so excited, they actually tore the seats out of the movie theater. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>At this point that, Bruce is the largest star by far in Asia.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>After a few years of mega-stardom, he writes, directs and stars in a third movie called \u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em>, where he faces off against a then-unknown actor named Chuck Norris. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>He joked with his mother. Mom, in this movie, I get to beat up a white guy.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>\u003cem>The Way of the Dragon\u003c/em> was Bruce’s crossover hit. Suddenly Bruce’s movies are being watched back in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>They’re being imported, they’re dubbed, and they’re packing the theatres.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Finally, Hollywood notices and comes crawling back. Warner Bros approaches him and his manager in Hong Kong about a new film they want him to star in. And this time, Bruce Lee gets to call the shots. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Here he is in an interview from 1971:\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> So are you going to go to the United States and be famous or you going to try and eat your cake and have it too?\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> I am going to do both because you see I have already made up my mind that in the United States something about the Oriental needs to be shown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee interviewer archival:\u003c/strong> Hollywood sure hasn’t.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival:\u003c/strong> You better believe it man, it’s all chop chop and with the eyes.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>He directs the fight scenes, negotiates higher pay and takes ownership of the script. And he names the movie — \u003cem>Enter the Dragon\u003c/em>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Originally, the writer and director saw Bruce’s character as an Asian James Bond. But Bruce Lee thought that that was too Western … too imperialist. The character, he said, should be a Shaolin monk. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jeff Chang: \u003c/strong>These are ideas that he’s adopted from Taoism that he’s been teaching to other folks since he was 19 years old.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon clip:\u003c/strong> Don’t think, feel. It’s like a finger pointing to the moon. Don’t concentrate on the finger or you will miss all of the heavenly glory.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>Bruce knew he was on the cusp of global stardom. But in his intense focus on his career, he may have ignored signs from his body that something was deeply wrong. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In May 1973, he has a seizure on set. The doctors can’t find any reason for it, so they allow him to return to work. He continues traveling and working hard. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>A few months later, he has a headache, so he takes an aspirin and a tranquilizer and falls asleep. He never wakes up. He’s only 32 years old. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip:\u003c/strong> Hong Kong was stunned, and as the word spread, people read with shock and disbelief that Bruce Lee was dead.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian:\u003c/strong> A 1973 documentary “Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend” shows a crowd gathering outside the funeral parlor.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee: The Man and The Legend clip: \u003c/strong>Several hundred extra police were detailed to try to control the crowd; no one could believe that someone like Bruce Lee, so young, so fit, could just die.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>His death is still a mystery. The autopsy reveals a cerebral edema, which is a swelling of the brain caused by trauma, and other factors, but could not determine a cause.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Enter the Dragon, Bruce’s triumphant return to Hollywood, premieres just days later. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Enter the Dragon trailer:\u003c/strong> What do you know about Han? We are investigating corruption….\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>The film was a box office hit and cemented Bruce Lee’s legacy as not just a martial artist, but as a Hollywood star. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For the first time, Americans finally see Bruce Lee as he wants to be seen: his confidence, his physique, and his philosophy all on display. Here he is in 1971 on the Pierre Berton Show. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bruce Lee archival: \u003c/strong>You see, the idea is running water never grow stale, so you got to just keep on flowing.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Elize Manoukian: \u003c/strong>If you watch Bruce Lee movies now, this is the man you see: disciplined, polished, cool. But Hollywood only got the finished product. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Bay Area’s Bruce was much more raw, reckless, full of dreams and ambition. Though his time here was brief, the battles he fought shaped his philosophy and honed his skills so he could become the superstar we know today. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Olivia Allen-Price: \u003c/strong>That was KQED’s Elize Manoukian. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Thanks to Sam Hopkins for asking today’s question. And he’ll be glad to know Bruce Lee is getting a little more recognition locally.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>California recently designated May 17 Bruce Lee Day to commemorate the date the fighter moved to the U.S. as a teenager. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>At the site of Bruce Lee’s Oakland studio, there’s a street sign designating the intersection “Bruce Lee Way.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>And the Chinese Historical Society of America also has a cool exhibit about Bruce’s life and career at their museum in San Francisco’s Chinatown.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Thanks also to Charlie Russo, and Rick Wing, whose writing about Bruce Lee and the showdown in Oakland were helpful in the making of this story.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bay Curious is a production of member-supported KQED in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Our show is produced by Katrina Schwartz, Christopher Beale, and me, Olivia Allen-Price. With extra support from Maha Sanad, Katie Sprenger, Jen Chien, Ethan Toven-Lindsey and everyone at KQED.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’m Olivia Allen-Price. Have a great week.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>"
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"title": "US Judge Says Paramount and Warner Bros. Must Temporarily Pause Merger",
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"headTitle": "US Judge Says Paramount and Warner Bros. Must Temporarily Pause Merger | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge in Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12091592/an-oakland-judge-will-soon-rule-on-one-of-the-largest-media-mergers-in-hollywood-history\">has temporarily halted\u003c/a> a major merger between Paramount and Warner Brothers, as she considers a lawsuit from California that alleges the deal violates antitrust laws.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>U.S. Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín granted a temporary restraining order requested by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101914425/why-california-wants-to-block-the-paramount-warner-bros-merger\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta\u003c/a> and nearly a dozen other states’ attorneys general to pause Paramount Skydance’s $111 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“This is a critical first win in our case to ensure this megamerger never sees the light of day,” Bonta said in a statement. “With our lawsuit, we’re fighting for a free and fair market and a thriving film and television industry that serves creatives and audiences alike. We have a full tank of gas, the law on our side, and look forward to continuing to make our case.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The court order will remain in place while a judge decides whether or not to grant a preliminary injunction, which would delay the transaction throughout litigation. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12058864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta is briefed by members of his Civil Rights Enforcement Section on litigation challenging the Trump administration at his offices in downtown Los Angeles, California, on March 11, 2025. (Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>If successful, the deal would be the largest merger in Hollywood history — consolidating major film studios, television networks and streaming services. The attorneys general argue that the move violates Section 7 of the Clayton Act, which makes mergers that may substantially lessen competition or create a monopoly illegal. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Department of Justice has concluded an investigation into the deal and determined that it does not create a threat to competition, critics have been skeptical of President Donald Trump’s proximity to the Ellison family, which controls Paramount. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison, who is the father of Paramount CEO David Ellison and the deal’s primary financial backer, is a close ally of Trump. In the acquisition, Paramount would gain control over CNN, which Trump has repeatedly criticized as “fake news” when it’s been critical of his administration.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The top litigators in Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon and Washington are also party to the suit. While it’s not uncommon for states to challenge mergers, it is rare to do so when federal antitrust agencies do not challenge the transaction, according to UC Davis law professor Menesh Patel. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“What at least is happening in this administration [is] there are certain deals that might be expected to be challenged based on the sort of initial competitive landscape,” Patel said. “This may be an instance where the executive has sort of interjected their views into what the DOJ might be doing, but whether or not that’s the case, the federal agencies have not acted, the states have.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The states alleged that the merger would reduce competition in multiple markets, including wide-release film distribution, anticipated top-grossing film distribution and licensing basic cable television channels. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“History tells the tale of what happens when a few people have great power over markets that are central to Americans’ lives: fewer opportunities for more people, worse products and services for all people,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Paramount has distributed major classic movies, like \u003cem>Titanic\u003c/em> and the \u003cem>Top Gun\u003c/em> franchise, while Warner Brothers distributed \u003cem>Barbie\u003c/em> and franchises like \u003cem>Harry Potter\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Batman\u003c/em>. They also have a massive rights deal with major sporting markets like March Madness.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The states argue that the merger would increase the companies’ combined market share to 27%, and increase its Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, a metric used to measure market concentration and competition, by nearly 360 points. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Mergers that create a firm with a combined market share of 30% are “presumed likely to violate antitrust law,” and mergers that increase HHI by more than 200 points are “presumed to be likely to enhance market power.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Martínez-Olguín wrote in her decision that “the plaintiff states thus make a strong showing that the Transaction will substantially lessen competition.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Patel said that while the ruling issued Monday does stop forward progress on the deal for two weeks, whether or not the judge decides to issue a preliminary injunction, which assesses both their argument and Paramount’s rebuttal, will give a better indication of the likely outcome of the suit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the one that’s going to decide what happens to the deal,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>U.S. Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín granted a temporary restraining order requested by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101914425/why-california-wants-to-block-the-paramount-warner-bros-merger\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta\u003c/a> and nearly a dozen other states’ attorneys general to pause Paramount Skydance’s $111 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“This is a critical first win in our case to ensure this megamerger never sees the light of day,” Bonta said in a statement. “With our lawsuit, we’re fighting for a free and fair market and a thriving film and television industry that serves creatives and audiences alike. We have a full tank of gas, the law on our side, and look forward to continuing to make our case.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12058864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta is briefed by members of his Civil Rights Enforcement Section on litigation challenging the Trump administration at his offices in downtown Los Angeles, California, on March 11, 2025. \u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>If successful, the deal would be the largest merger in Hollywood history — consolidating major film studios, television networks and streaming services. The attorneys general argue that the move violates Section 7 of the Clayton Act, which makes mergers that may substantially lessen competition or create a monopoly illegal. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>While the Department of Justice has concluded an investigation into the deal and determined that it does not create a threat to competition, critics have been skeptical of President Donald Trump’s proximity to the Ellison family, which controls Paramount. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison, who is the father of Paramount CEO David Ellison and the deal’s primary financial backer, is a close ally of Trump. In the acquisition, Paramount would gain control over CNN, which Trump has repeatedly criticized as “fake news” when it’s been critical of his administration.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The top litigators in Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon and Washington are also party to the suit. While it’s not uncommon for states to challenge mergers, it is rare to do so when federal antitrust agencies do not challenge the transaction, according to UC Davis law professor Menesh Patel. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“What at least is happening in this administration [is] there are certain deals that might be expected to be challenged based on the sort of initial competitive landscape,” Patel said. “This may be an instance where the executive has sort of interjected their views into what the DOJ might be doing, but whether or not that’s the case, the federal agencies have not acted, the states have.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The states alleged that the merger would reduce competition in multiple markets, including wide-release film distribution, anticipated top-grossing film distribution and licensing basic cable television channels. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“History tells the tale of what happens when a few people have great power over markets that are central to Americans’ lives: fewer opportunities for more people, worse products and services for all people,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Paramount has distributed major classic movies, like \u003cem>Titanic\u003c/em> and the \u003cem>Top Gun\u003c/em> franchise, while Warner Brothers distributed \u003cem>Barbie\u003c/em> and franchises like \u003cem>Harry Potter\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Batman\u003c/em>. They also have a massive rights deal with major sporting markets like March Madness.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The states argue that the merger would increase the companies’ combined market share to 27%, and increase its Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, a metric used to measure market concentration and competition, by nearly 360 points. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The states argue that the merger would increase the companies’ combined market share to 27%, and increase its Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, a metric used to measure market concentration and competition, by nearly 360 points. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Mergers that create a firm with a combined market share of 30% are “presumed likely to violate antitrust law,” and mergers that increase HHI by more than 200 points are “presumed to be likely to enhance market power.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Martínez-Olguín wrote in her decision that “the plaintiff states thus make a strong showing that the Transaction will substantially lessen competition.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Patel said that while the ruling issued Monday does stop forward progress on the deal for two weeks, whether or not the judge decides to issue a preliminary injunction, which assesses both their argument and Paramount’s rebuttal, will give a better indication of the likely outcome of the suit. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Patel said that while the ruling issued Monday does stop forward progress on the deal for two weeks, whether or not the judge decides to issue a preliminary injunction, which assesses both their argument and Paramount’s rebuttal, will give a better indication of the likely outcome of the suit. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“That’s the one that’s going to decide what happens to the deal,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The judge granted California’s request and allowed the states more time to argue their case against the deal between media giants in court. ",
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"title": "US Judge Says Paramount and Warner Bros. Must Temporarily Pause Merger | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge in Oakland \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12091592/an-oakland-judge-will-soon-rule-on-one-of-the-largest-media-mergers-in-hollywood-history\">has temporarily halted\u003c/a> a major merger between Paramount and Warner Brothers, as she considers a lawsuit from California that alleges the deal violates antitrust laws.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>U.S. Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín granted a temporary restraining order requested by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101914425/why-california-wants-to-block-the-paramount-warner-bros-merger\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta\u003c/a> and nearly a dozen other states’ attorneys general to pause Paramount Skydance’s $111 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“This is a critical first win in our case to ensure this megamerger never sees the light of day,” Bonta said in a statement. “With our lawsuit, we’re fighting for a free and fair market and a thriving film and television industry that serves creatives and audiences alike. We have a full tank of gas, the law on our side, and look forward to continuing to make our case.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The court order will remain in place while a judge decides whether or not to grant a preliminary injunction, which would delay the transaction throughout litigation. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12058864\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/RobBontaTrumpGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta is briefed by members of his Civil Rights Enforcement Section on litigation challenging the Trump administration at his offices in downtown Los Angeles, California, on March 11, 2025. (Allen J. Schaben/Los Angeles Times via Getty Images)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>If successful, the deal would be the largest merger in Hollywood history — consolidating major film studios, television networks and streaming services. The attorneys general argue that the move violates Section 7 of the Clayton Act, which makes mergers that may substantially lessen competition or create a monopoly illegal. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the Department of Justice has concluded an investigation into the deal and determined that it does not create a threat to competition, critics have been skeptical of President Donald Trump’s proximity to the Ellison family, which controls Paramount. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oracle co-founder Larry Ellison, who is the father of Paramount CEO David Ellison and the deal’s primary financial backer, is a close ally of Trump. In the acquisition, Paramount would gain control over CNN, which Trump has repeatedly criticized as “fake news” when it’s been critical of his administration.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The top litigators in Arizona, Colorado, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Oregon and Washington are also party to the suit. While it’s not uncommon for states to challenge mergers, it is rare to do so when federal antitrust agencies do not challenge the transaction, according to UC Davis law professor Menesh Patel. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“What at least is happening in this administration [is] there are certain deals that might be expected to be challenged based on the sort of initial competitive landscape,” Patel said. “This may be an instance where the executive has sort of interjected their views into what the DOJ might be doing, but whether or not that’s the case, the federal agencies have not acted, the states have.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The states alleged that the merger would reduce competition in multiple markets, including wide-release film distribution, anticipated top-grossing film distribution and licensing basic cable television channels. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“History tells the tale of what happens when a few people have great power over markets that are central to Americans’ lives: fewer opportunities for more people, worse products and services for all people,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Paramount has distributed major classic movies, like \u003cem>Titanic\u003c/em> and the \u003cem>Top Gun\u003c/em> franchise, while Warner Brothers distributed \u003cem>Barbie\u003c/em> and franchises like \u003cem>Harry Potter\u003c/em> and \u003cem>Batman\u003c/em>. They also have a massive rights deal with major sporting markets like March Madness.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The states argue that the merger would increase the companies’ combined market share to 27%, and increase its Herfindahl-Hirschman Index, a metric used to measure market concentration and competition, by nearly 360 points. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Mergers that create a firm with a combined market share of 30% are “presumed likely to violate antitrust law,” and mergers that increase HHI by more than 200 points are “presumed to be likely to enhance market power.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Martínez-Olguín wrote in her decision that “the plaintiff states thus make a strong showing that the Transaction will substantially lessen competition.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Patel said that while the ruling issued Monday does stop forward progress on the deal for two weeks, whether or not the judge decides to issue a preliminary injunction, which assesses both their argument and Paramount’s rebuttal, will give a better indication of the likely outcome of the suit. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s the one that’s going to decide what happens to the deal,” Patel said.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "after-third-opd-shooting-this-year-advocates-demand-body-cam-footage",
"title": "After Third OPD Shooting This Year, Advocates Demand Body-Cam Footage",
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"headTitle": "After Third OPD Shooting This Year, Advocates Demand Body-Cam Footage | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>After \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland\u003c/a> police shot and killed a person they said was armed last week, community leaders, advocates and impacted families gathered on Friday outside the department’s headquarters to demand greater accountability from law enforcement. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Chanting “New badge, same gang,” a coalition of restorative justice and Black-led public safety groups called on the Oakland Police Department to justify the use of deadly force on July 13.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We want to know what the legal — based on state law — justification was for them to move from what they call less-lethal to lethal weapons. Why this man is dead,” said Cat Brooks, co-founder and executive director of the Anti Police-Terror Project.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Officers were called to the 4000 block of International Boulevard just after 2 p.m. Monday, July 13, after the California Highway Patrol requested assistance, according to OPD’s initial statement. Officers said they found an armed man who ignored their commands and “lunged at officers with a weapon,” then fired both less-lethal and lethal force, killing him at the scene. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Weapons were recovered, the department said, and no officers or bystanders were hurt. OPD has not publicly identified the man.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said they want OPD to immediately release unedited body-worn camera footage, dispatch and 911 audio, and a minute-by-minute account of the July 13 shooting.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The shooting is the third by Oakland police officers this year, and the second fatal shooting. Advocates say it points to a troubling reversal for a department on the cusp of exiting more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085228/oakland-police-judge-clears-path-for-possible-end-to-federal-oversight\">two decades of federal oversight\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Brooks and others questioned why the department has not publicly specified what weapon the man was holding and why CHP officers were pursuing a suspect through Oakland neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12017328\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Oakland Police Department on Nov. 12, 2016. (Alex Emslie/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>OPD did not respond to a request for comment beyond its initial statement.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lawrence Cox, a policy advocate for Legal Services for Prisoners with Children, said the simultaneous use of less-lethal and lethal force demands an explanation of: “what happened, what was present, how far away the individual was, what de-escalations were attempted, and why less-lethal force was insufficient.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Being labeled a threat, he said, “cannot become a blank check for death.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Where is the outrage when our local police murder? Where is the transparency?” asked George Galvis, executive director of Communities United for Restorative Youth Justice. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>With no weapon named and no footage released, he said, the object involved “could have been something completely benign.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On April 27, officers fatally shot a man in the 1800 block of 89th Avenue after police said he pointed a gun at them. Less than two weeks later, officers shot and wounded a man on May 8 who they said dragged one officer and pinned another against a parked car while fleeing a traffic stop near Ninth Avenue. OPD said he survived and was in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>OPD has been under federal oversight since 2003, stemming from the Riders scandal, in which 119 plaintiffs accused a rogue group of OPD officers of false arrests, beatings, kidnapping, planting evidence, falsifying reports and racial discrimination that violated their constitutional rights. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To settle the case, the city and OPD agreed to pay nearly $11 million and to carry out 51 reforms, addressing use of force, discipline, supervision, training and internal affairs.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In a May 22 report, federal monitor Robert Warshaw found that OPD had met all 51 tasks for the first time. U.S. District Judge William H. Orrick has said he will close the case at the next court date, Sept. 29, as long as the department stays in compliance. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Organizers argue that another police killing raises doubts about whether OPD is ready to police itself.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That is not reform. That is not progress. That is a department moving backward at the exact moment Oakland is being told OPD is ready to police itself without federal oversight,” Brooks said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The department placed the officers who fired on paid administrative leave. OPD is reviewing the shooting through its own criminal and internal-affairs investigations, a press release said, while the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office conducts a separate, independent inquiry. The city’s civilian Community Police Review Agency has been notified of the case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For those gathered on Seventh Street, none of that is enough without public evidence.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The police cannot be allowed to take a life, control the evidence, shape the public narrative, and then ask the community to simply trust their conclusions,” said Saabir Lockett, deputy director of civic engagement at the East Bay Action. “We will not accept silence.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/psibulo\">\u003cem>Paula Sibulo\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Chanting “New badge, same gang,” a coalition of restorative justice and Black-led public safety groups called on the Oakland Police Department to justify the use of deadly force on July 13.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We want to know what the legal — based on state law — justification was for them to move from what they call less-lethal to lethal weapons. Why this man is dead,” said Cat Brooks, co-founder and executive director of the Anti Police-Terror Project.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Officers were called to the 4000 block of International Boulevard just after 2 p.m. Monday, July 13, after the California Highway Patrol requested assistance, according to OPD’s initial statement. Officers said they found an armed man who ignored their commands and “lunged at officers with a weapon,” then fired both less-lethal and lethal force, killing him at the scene. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Weapons were recovered, the department said, and no officers or bystanders were hurt. OPD has not publicly identified the man.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Organizers said they want OPD to immediately release unedited body-worn camera footage, dispatch and 911 audio, and a minute-by-minute account of the July 13 shooting.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The shooting is the third by Oakland police officers this year, and the second fatal shooting. Advocates say it points to a troubling reversal for a department on the cusp of exiting more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085228/oakland-police-judge-clears-path-for-possible-end-to-federal-oversight\">two decades of federal oversight\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Brooks and others questioned why the department has not publicly specified what weapon the man was holding and why CHP officers were pursuing a suspect through Oakland neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12017328\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Oakland Police Department on Nov. 12, 2016.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>OPD did not respond to a request for comment beyond its initial statement.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Lawrence Cox, a policy advocate for Legal Services for Prisoners with Children, said the simultaneous use of less-lethal and lethal force demands an explanation of: “what happened, what was present, how far away the individual was, what de-escalations were attempted, and why less-lethal force was insufficient.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Being labeled a threat, he said, “cannot become a blank check for death.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Where is the outrage when our local police murder? Where is the transparency?” asked George Galvis, executive director of Communities United for Restorative Youth Justice. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>With no weapon named and no footage released, he said, the object involved “could have been something completely benign.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>On April 27, officers fatally shot a man in the 1800 block of 89th Avenue after police said he pointed a gun at them. Less than two weeks later, officers shot and wounded a man on May 8 who they said dragged one officer and pinned another against a parked car while fleeing a traffic stop near Ninth Avenue. OPD said he survived and was in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>OPD has been under federal oversight since 2003, stemming from the Riders scandal, in which 119 plaintiffs accused a rogue group of OPD officers of false arrests, beatings, kidnapping, planting evidence, falsifying reports and racial discrimination that violated their constitutional rights. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In a May 22 report, federal monitor Robert Warshaw found that OPD had met all 51 tasks for the first time. U.S. District Judge William H. Orrick has said he will close the case at the next court date, Sept. 29, as long as the department stays in compliance. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Organizers argue that another police killing raises doubts about whether OPD is ready to police itself.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“That is not reform. That is not progress. That is a department moving backward at the exact moment Oakland is being told OPD is ready to police itself without federal oversight,” Brooks said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The department placed the officers who fired on paid administrative leave. OPD is reviewing the shooting through its own criminal and internal-affairs investigations, a press release said, while the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office conducts a separate, independent inquiry. The city’s civilian Community Police Review Agency has been notified of the case.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>For those gathered on Seventh Street, none of that is enough without public evidence.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The police cannot be allowed to take a life, control the evidence, shape the public narrative, and then ask the community to simply trust their conclusions,” said Saabir Lockett, deputy director of civic engagement at the East Bay Action. “We will not accept silence.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/psibulo\">\u003cem>Paula Sibulo\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Advocates rallied outside Oakland police headquarters on Friday to demand a full timeline and answers after officers fatally shot a man in East Oakland last week. ",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organizers said they want OPD to immediately release unedited body-worn camera footage, dispatch and 911 audio, and a minute-by-minute account of the July 13 shooting.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The shooting is the third by Oakland police officers this year, and the second fatal shooting. Advocates say it points to a troubling reversal for a department on the cusp of exiting more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085228/oakland-police-judge-clears-path-for-possible-end-to-federal-oversight\">two decades of federal oversight\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Brooks and others questioned why the department has not publicly specified what weapon the man was holding and why CHP officers were pursuing a suspect through Oakland neighborhoods.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12017328\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/12/OaklandPoliceDepartment2-1920x1440.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Oakland Police Department on Nov. 12, 2016. (Alex Emslie/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>OPD did not respond to a request for comment beyond its initial statement.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lawrence Cox, a policy advocate for Legal Services for Prisoners with Children, said the simultaneous use of less-lethal and lethal force demands an explanation of: “what happened, what was present, how far away the individual was, what de-escalations were attempted, and why less-lethal force was insufficient.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Being labeled a threat, he said, “cannot become a blank check for death.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Where is the outrage when our local police murder? Where is the transparency?” asked George Galvis, executive director of Communities United for Restorative Youth Justice. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>With no weapon named and no footage released, he said, the object involved “could have been something completely benign.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On April 27, officers fatally shot a man in the 1800 block of 89th Avenue after police said he pointed a gun at them. Less than two weeks later, officers shot and wounded a man on May 8 who they said dragged one officer and pinned another against a parked car while fleeing a traffic stop near Ninth Avenue. OPD said he survived and was in stable condition.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>OPD has been under federal oversight since 2003, stemming from the Riders scandal, in which 119 plaintiffs accused a rogue group of OPD officers of false arrests, beatings, kidnapping, planting evidence, falsifying reports and racial discrimination that violated their constitutional rights. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>To settle the case, the city and OPD agreed to pay nearly $11 million and to carry out 51 reforms, addressing use of force, discipline, supervision, training and internal affairs.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In a May 22 report, federal monitor Robert Warshaw found that OPD had met all 51 tasks for the first time. U.S. District Judge William H. Orrick has said he will close the case at the next court date, Sept. 29, as long as the department stays in compliance. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Organizers argue that another police killing raises doubts about whether OPD is ready to police itself.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That is not reform. That is not progress. That is a department moving backward at the exact moment Oakland is being told OPD is ready to police itself without federal oversight,” Brooks said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The department placed the officers who fired on paid administrative leave. OPD is reviewing the shooting through its own criminal and internal-affairs investigations, a press release said, while the Alameda County District Attorney’s Office conducts a separate, independent inquiry. The city’s civilian Community Police Review Agency has been notified of the case.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For those gathered on Seventh Street, none of that is enough without public evidence.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The police cannot be allowed to take a life, control the evidence, shape the public narrative, and then ask the community to simply trust their conclusions,” said Saabir Lockett, deputy director of civic engagement at the East Bay Action. “We will not accept silence.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s\u003c/em> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/psibulo\">\u003cem>Paula Sibulo\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "an-oakland-judge-will-soon-rule-on-one-of-the-largest-media-mergers-in-hollywood-history",
"title": "An Oakland Judge Will Soon Rule on 1 of the Largest Media Mergers in Hollywood History",
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"headTitle": "An Oakland Judge Will Soon Rule on 1 of the Largest Media Mergers in Hollywood History | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>Film industry workers and antitrust activists gathered outside of a federal court in Oakland on Friday to support a new lawsuit aimed at stopping the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101914425/why-california-wants-to-block-the-paramount-warner-bros-merger\">merger between Paramount Skydance\u003c/a> and Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The showdown, presided over by U.S. District Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín, came after California and 11 other states filed an \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/%E2%80%99s-not-all-folks-attorney-general-bonta-files-emergency-motion-immediately-block\">“emergency motion”\u003c/a> on Monday to temporarily block Paramount’s $110 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc., alleging the deal violated the Clayton Antitrust Act. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Martínez-Olguín decided not to rule from the bench, but said she would provide a ruling by July 22.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/statement-department-justice-antitrust-division-closing-its-investigation-merger-paramount\">approved\u003c/a> the merger in June, meaning the deal could have gone through as soon as it cleared overseas regulators, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/15/media/paramount-wbd-merger-lawsuit-tro-bonta\">\u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2026/biz/global/paramount-warner-bros-merger-overseas-will-eu-uk-approve-1236790282/\">\u003cem>Variety\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091616\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Protesters calling for immediate action to stop the proposed $110 billion Paramount Skydance and Warner Bros. Discovery merger rally in front of the federal courthouse in Oakland on July 17, 2026. (Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But California Attorney General Rob Bonta said he would “not let Warner Bros. and Paramount merge without a fight” in a \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/%E2%80%99s-not-all-folks-attorney-general-bonta-files-emergency-motion-immediately-block\">statement\u003c/a> on Monday. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unlawful merger of Warner Bros. and Paramount would harm movie theaters, basic cable distributors, and ultimately, audiences on every sofa and movie theater seat in the U.S.,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Paramount’s lawyers \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.474157/gov.uscourts.cand.474157.114.0.pdf\">called\u003c/a> the challenge weak, arguing that the merger would provide more high-quality content to consumers and create a “more formidable competitor to the largest streaming services,” including Netflix, Amazon and Disney. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Speakers at the news conference outside the courthouse, organized by a group called #BlockTheMerger, cited concerns that the “transaction would further consolidate an already concentrated media landscape, reducing competition at a moment when our industries — and the audiences we serve — can least afford it,” according to an \u003ca href=\"https://blockthemerger.com/openletter\">open letter\u003c/a> signed by over 5,000 people, including Glenn Close, Pedro Pascal and Tiffany Haddish and other well-known artists.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>W. Kamau Bell, an Oakland resident, comedian and executive producer and host of the CNN docuseries \u003cem>United Shades of America, \u003c/em>highlighted this point during the event. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The more media consolidation we have, the less choice we have,” Bell said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>California’s formal \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Redacted%20Paramount%20Warner%20complaint%20%20-%20file%20stamped.pdf\">complaint\u003c/a> called this the largest media merger in history and noted that it would combine “two of the country’s five major film distributors” and “two of the five major owners of basic cable channels.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rachel Antell, a documentary film producer and co-founder of the Archival Producers Alliance, drew attention to the risks associated with allowing Paramount to control all of the archival footage for both CNN and CBS. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Television news is often the first draft of history, and documentary storytelling relies on these drafts to synthesize deeper narratives and bring new perspectives to old stories,” Antell said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Antell said she worried that the merger could limit access to these materials given that the corporate owner has “sole discretion” in the approval process. She called the merger an “unprecedented concentration of American broadcast history under one single ownership structure.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Protesters also raised concerns about this merger’s impact on content and journalism. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Without a free and independent and uncensored media, we are all at risk. Our democracy is at risk,” said Annie Leonard, longtime activist and co-founder of the Committee for the First Amendment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091617\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Annie Leonard speaks at a rally calling for immediate action to stop the proposed $110 billion Paramount Skydance and Warner Bros. Discovery merger, in front of the federal courthouse in Oakland on July 17, 2026. (Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It is also horrific for all of us who have any stake in truth, any stake in understanding our past, any stake in being able to make sense of our present and any stake in being able to take the reins and reclaim our freedoms,” said Anat Shenker-Osorio, a communications consultant. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Writers Guild of America also filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wga.org/uploadedfiles/news_and_events/public_policy/wga-v-paramount-warner-bros-complaint.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> focused on the harms that the merger would cause to film industry employees, and a group of Paramount subscribers filed a class action suit, which Martínez-Olguín denied on Thursday, according to \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2026/film/news/paramount-subscribers-fail-injunction-merger-1236813567/\">\u003cem>Variety\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This potential acquisition has also been scrutinized due to the relationship between President Donald Trump and Larry Ellison, father of Paramount Skydance CEO David Ellison, leading some critics to speculate whether the relationship influenced the DOJ’s clearance of the merger. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003cem>Politico\u003c/em> journalist Daniel Miller told KQED that since Ellison took over Paramount, there have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12076712/san-francisco-cbs-workers-hold-24-hour-walk-out-for-higher-pay-more-respect\">major changes at CBS News\u003c/a>, creating some concerns about what would happen if CNN and CBS were “under the same roof.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kmonahan\">\u003cem>Katherine Monahan\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Film industry workers and antitrust activists gathered outside of a federal court in Oakland on Friday to support a new lawsuit aimed at stopping the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101914425/why-california-wants-to-block-the-paramount-warner-bros-merger\">merger between Paramount Skydance\u003c/a> and Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The showdown, presided over by U.S. District Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín, came after California and 11 other states filed an \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/%E2%80%99s-not-all-folks-attorney-general-bonta-files-emergency-motion-immediately-block\">“emergency motion”\u003c/a> on Monday to temporarily block Paramount’s $110 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc., alleging the deal violated the Clayton Antitrust Act. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Martínez-Olguín decided not to rule from the bench, but said she would provide a ruling by July 22.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/statement-department-justice-antitrust-division-closing-its-investigation-merger-paramount\">approved\u003c/a> the merger in June, meaning the deal could have gone through as soon as it cleared overseas regulators, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/15/media/paramount-wbd-merger-lawsuit-tro-bonta\">\u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2026/biz/global/paramount-warner-bros-merger-overseas-will-eu-uk-approve-1236790282/\">\u003cem>Variety\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/statement-department-justice-antitrust-division-closing-its-investigation-merger-paramount\">approved\u003c/a> the merger in June, meaning the deal could have gone through as soon as it cleared overseas regulators, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/15/media/paramount-wbd-merger-lawsuit-tro-bonta\">\u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2026/biz/global/paramount-warner-bros-merger-overseas-will-eu-uk-approve-1236790282/\">\u003cem>Variety\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091616\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Protesters calling for immediate action to stop the proposed $110 billion Paramount Skydance and Warner Bros. Discovery merger rally in front of the federal courthouse in Oakland on July 17, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But California Attorney General Rob Bonta said he would “not let Warner Bros. and Paramount merge without a fight” in a \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/%E2%80%99s-not-all-folks-attorney-general-bonta-files-emergency-motion-immediately-block\">statement\u003c/a> on Monday. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The unlawful merger of Warner Bros. and Paramount would harm movie theaters, basic cable distributors, and ultimately, audiences on every sofa and movie theater seat in the U.S.,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Paramount’s lawyers \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.474157/gov.uscourts.cand.474157.114.0.pdf\">called\u003c/a> the challenge weak, arguing that the merger would provide more high-quality content to consumers and create a “more formidable competitor to the largest streaming services,” including Netflix, Amazon and Disney. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Speakers at the news conference outside the courthouse, organized by a group called #BlockTheMerger, cited concerns that the “transaction would further consolidate an already concentrated media landscape, reducing competition at a moment when our industries — and the audiences we serve — can least afford it,” according to an \u003ca href=\"https://blockthemerger.com/openletter\">open letter\u003c/a> signed by over 5,000 people, including Glenn Close, Pedro Pascal and Tiffany Haddish and other well-known artists.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>W. Kamau Bell, an Oakland resident, comedian and executive producer and host of the CNN docuseries \u003cem>United Shades of America, \u003c/em>highlighted this point during the event. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“The more media consolidation we have, the less choice we have,” Bell said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>California’s formal \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Redacted%20Paramount%20Warner%20complaint%20%20-%20file%20stamped.pdf\">complaint\u003c/a> called this the largest media merger in history and noted that it would combine “two of the country’s five major film distributors” and “two of the five major owners of basic cable channels.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Rachel Antell, a documentary film producer and co-founder of the Archival Producers Alliance, drew attention to the risks associated with allowing Paramount to control all of the archival footage for both CNN and CBS. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Television news is often the first draft of history, and documentary storytelling relies on these drafts to synthesize deeper narratives and bring new perspectives to old stories,” Antell said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Antell said she worried that the merger could limit access to these materials given that the corporate owner has “sole discretion” in the approval process. She called the merger an “unprecedented concentration of American broadcast history under one single ownership structure.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Protesters also raised concerns about this merger’s impact on content and journalism. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Without a free and independent and uncensored media, we are all at risk. Our democracy is at risk,” said Annie Leonard, longtime activist and co-founder of the Committee for the First Amendment. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This potential acquisition has also been scrutinized due to the relationship between President Donald Trump and Larry Ellison, father of Paramount Skydance CEO David Ellison, leading some critics to speculate whether the relationship influenced the DOJ’s clearance of the merger. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003cem>Politico\u003c/em> journalist Daniel Miller told KQED that since Ellison took over Paramount, there have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12076712/san-francisco-cbs-workers-hold-24-hour-walk-out-for-higher-pay-more-respect\">major changes at CBS News\u003c/a>, creating some concerns about what would happen if CNN and CBS were “under the same roof.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Film industry workers and antitrust activists gathered outside of a federal court in Oakland on Friday to support a new lawsuit aimed at stopping the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101914425/why-california-wants-to-block-the-paramount-warner-bros-merger\">merger between Paramount Skydance\u003c/a> and Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The showdown, presided over by U.S. District Judge Araceli Martínez-Olguín, came after California and 11 other states filed an \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/%E2%80%99s-not-all-folks-attorney-general-bonta-files-emergency-motion-immediately-block\">“emergency motion”\u003c/a> on Monday to temporarily block Paramount’s $110 billion acquisition of Warner Bros. Discovery, Inc., alleging the deal violated the Clayton Antitrust Act. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Martínez-Olguín decided not to rule from the bench, but said she would provide a ruling by July 22.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice \u003ca href=\"https://www.justice.gov/opa/pr/statement-department-justice-antitrust-division-closing-its-investigation-merger-paramount\">approved\u003c/a> the merger in June, meaning the deal could have gone through as soon as it cleared overseas regulators, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnn.com/2026/07/15/media/paramount-wbd-merger-lawsuit-tro-bonta\">\u003cem>CNN\u003c/em>\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2026/biz/global/paramount-warner-bros-merger-overseas-will-eu-uk-approve-1236790282/\">\u003cem>Variety\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091616\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-05-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Protesters calling for immediate action to stop the proposed $110 billion Paramount Skydance and Warner Bros. Discovery merger rally in front of the federal courthouse in Oakland on July 17, 2026. (Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>But California Attorney General Rob Bonta said he would “not let Warner Bros. and Paramount merge without a fight” in a \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/%E2%80%99s-not-all-folks-attorney-general-bonta-files-emergency-motion-immediately-block\">statement\u003c/a> on Monday. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The unlawful merger of Warner Bros. and Paramount would harm movie theaters, basic cable distributors, and ultimately, audiences on every sofa and movie theater seat in the U.S.,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Paramount’s lawyers \u003ca href=\"https://storage.courtlistener.com/recap/gov.uscourts.cand.474157/gov.uscourts.cand.474157.114.0.pdf\">called\u003c/a> the challenge weak, arguing that the merger would provide more high-quality content to consumers and create a “more formidable competitor to the largest streaming services,” including Netflix, Amazon and Disney. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Speakers at the news conference outside the courthouse, organized by a group called #BlockTheMerger, cited concerns that the “transaction would further consolidate an already concentrated media landscape, reducing competition at a moment when our industries — and the audiences we serve — can least afford it,” according to an \u003ca href=\"https://blockthemerger.com/openletter\">open letter\u003c/a> signed by over 5,000 people, including Glenn Close, Pedro Pascal and Tiffany Haddish and other well-known artists.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>W. Kamau Bell, an Oakland resident, comedian and executive producer and host of the CNN docuseries \u003cem>United Shades of America, \u003c/em>highlighted this point during the event. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“The more media consolidation we have, the less choice we have,” Bell said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>California’s formal \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/system/files/attachments/press-docs/Redacted%20Paramount%20Warner%20complaint%20%20-%20file%20stamped.pdf\">complaint\u003c/a> called this the largest media merger in history and noted that it would combine “two of the country’s five major film distributors” and “two of the five major owners of basic cable channels.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Rachel Antell, a documentary film producer and co-founder of the Archival Producers Alliance, drew attention to the risks associated with allowing Paramount to control all of the archival footage for both CNN and CBS. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Television news is often the first draft of history, and documentary storytelling relies on these drafts to synthesize deeper narratives and bring new perspectives to old stories,” Antell said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Antell said she worried that the merger could limit access to these materials given that the corporate owner has “sole discretion” in the approval process. She called the merger an “unprecedented concentration of American broadcast history under one single ownership structure.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Protesters also raised concerns about this merger’s impact on content and journalism. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Without a free and independent and uncensored media, we are all at risk. Our democracy is at risk,” said Annie Leonard, longtime activist and co-founder of the Committee for the First Amendment. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091617\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260717-FILMMAKER-RALLY-MD-07-KQED-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Annie Leonard speaks at a rally calling for immediate action to stop the proposed $110 billion Paramount Skydance and Warner Bros. Discovery merger, in front of the federal courthouse in Oakland on July 17, 2026. (Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“It is also horrific for all of us who have any stake in truth, any stake in understanding our past, any stake in being able to make sense of our present and any stake in being able to take the reins and reclaim our freedoms,” said Anat Shenker-Osorio, a communications consultant. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Writers Guild of America also filed a \u003ca href=\"https://www.wga.org/uploadedfiles/news_and_events/public_policy/wga-v-paramount-warner-bros-complaint.pdf\">lawsuit\u003c/a> focused on the harms that the merger would cause to film industry employees, and a group of Paramount subscribers filed a class action suit, which Martínez-Olguín denied on Thursday, according to \u003ca href=\"https://variety.com/2026/film/news/paramount-subscribers-fail-injunction-merger-1236813567/\">\u003cem>Variety\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This potential acquisition has also been scrutinized due to the relationship between President Donald Trump and Larry Ellison, father of Paramount Skydance CEO David Ellison, leading some critics to speculate whether the relationship influenced the DOJ’s clearance of the merger. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>On Wednesday, \u003cem>Politico\u003c/em> journalist Daniel Miller told KQED that since Ellison took over Paramount, there have been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12076712/san-francisco-cbs-workers-hold-24-hour-walk-out-for-higher-pay-more-respect\">major changes at CBS News\u003c/a>, creating some concerns about what would happen if CNN and CBS were “under the same roof.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/kmonahan\">\u003cem>Katherine Monahan\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>American cricketer Sanjay Krishnamurthi recalled watching a baseball game at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090665/oakland-approves-125-million-coliseum-sale-clearing-way-for-irving-azoff-overhaul\">the Oakland Coliseum\u003c/a> a few years back, when the Athletics were still playing there.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“And I remember thinking, it would be really cool if cricket could be like this someday,” the 23-year-old San José State University student said. “It happened sooner than expected.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Krishnamurthi plays for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909911/ballers-unicorns-valkyries-oh-my-bay-area-sports-teams-bring-sparkle-to-the-summer\">San Francisco Unicorns\u003c/a>, a Major League Cricket franchise that has existed since 2023. For the first two seasons, with no “home field” available, the team had to play all of its games outside California. After the A’s left for West Sacramento, the Unicorns moved to the Coliseum — injecting \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12044302/oakland-coliseum-in-its-2nd-life-hosts-major-league-crickets-west-coast-debut\">new life into a venue hurting\u003c/a> for major or professional sports teams, and seen in many ways as a symbol for Oakland’s trials and transformations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oakland approved new terms for the $125 million sale of its stake in the Coliseum on Monday. Although plans are still uncertain, the new owners, the Oakland Acquisition Company, an affiliate of the African American Sports and Entertainment Group, have indicated they want the space to become a destination for musical artists. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091486\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">San Francisco Unicorns captain Matt Short talks to his players in the huddle during match 15 of the Cognizant Major League Cricket season 4 between San Francisco Unicorns and the Washington Freedom held at the Oakland Coliseum in Oakland on June 28, 2026. (Courtesy of Major League Cricket)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For now, the massive edifice at 7000 Coliseum Way is still functioning as the home of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090471/oakland-roots-to-leave-coliseum-begin-search-for-new-permanent-home\">Oakland Roots soccer team\u003c/a> for the rest of this season and as the site for the national playoffs for the MLC. The final game on Saturday will pit the Los Angeles Knight Riders against the Washington Freedom.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past two seasons, while the Unicorns have been at the Coliseum, Krishnamurthi has invited a lot of his buddies who didn’t grow up watching the game to give it a try. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Cricket sells itself,” he said. “Once people see and understand the game in person, it brings fans in.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This version of cricket, which is called T-20, is not the one many of us are vaguely familiar with from British novels and \u003cem>Masterpiece Theater\u003c/em>. The games take about three hours, not three days, and the players are not wearing baggy white flannels but brightly colored uniforms — orange for the Unicorns, purple for the Knight Riders — with logos splashed across the front.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fans wave flags as the San Francisco Unicorns play the Washington Freedom during their opening Major League Cricket game at the Oakland Coliseum on June 12, 2025. (Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It’s fast-paced and high-scoring — if you’re annoyed by a soccer match that may end in a 0-0 tie, check out the box score of Thursday’s game, where the Washington Freedom spoiled the Unicorns’ hopes for the championship — 238/6 to 231/6. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“In cricket, you can score 360 degrees. You can score behind yourself,” Liam Plunkett, part of the broadcast team for Major League Cricket, said on Sunday. “You don’t run the bases, you run back and forth. And if you do hit the equivalent of a home run — a six — you stay batting.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“If you’ve got a batsman who’s hot on that day, he stays there and keeps batting,” he said. “Sometimes you get guys who hit the equivalent of 15 home runs in one game.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Plunkett played for the Unicorns last year, but at age 41, decided it was time to retire, although he did sign a limited contract to play baseball for the Oakland Ballers for a couple of games on cricket off-days. That gives him some room to compare and contrast the two games. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044158\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The San Francisco Unicorns celebrate during their opening Major League Cricket game against the Washington Freedom at the Oakland Coliseum on June 12, 2025. (Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The MLC season is short — just one month separates the first of 34 games from the championship this year. Unicorns CEO David White said cricket watchers are used to that and follow their favorite players through various leagues around the world.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Even the most avid cricket fan is very impressed when they get to an MLC match and see the quality of players we have,” he said. “Our team alone has five or six players who’ve just come in from the Indian Premier League, stars from all over the world, Pakistan, India, Australia, South Africa, you name it.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Although the Unicorns are branded as “San Francisco,” a lot of the South Asian American fanbase lives in the South Bay, and Oakland is just as convenient for them. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The unusually spacious dimensions of the Coliseum’s playing field, designed to accommodate both football and baseball, make it work for cricket, too.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We checked every sports field available, and this is the only one [in the United States] with the dimensions big enough to play cricket,” MLC Tournament Director Justin Geale said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Other than the fields that were designed especially for cricket, of course, including the new home of the Los Angeles Knight Riders in Pomona. That field will also be used in 2028 when cricket returns to the Olympics after a 128-year absence.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Unicorns intend to build their own permanent facility somewhere in the Bay Area. They spent a few years negotiating with Santa Clara County for a site on the fairgrounds, but that plan has fallen through. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>White said the team has some good leads, but nothing firm yet. He hopes to return to the Coliseum for 2027, but the sale on Monday makes that uncertain. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Krishamurthi and Plunkett said they won’t ever forget their time in Oakland, and Geale said he got goosebumps just stepping onto the field. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“You know, I watched the film \u003cem>Moneyball\u003c/em> 100 times,” Geale said. “The Oakland Raiders would play NFL football right here. For me to be able to walk out here, a kid from Australia who never thought he’d be in America, is amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White said he expects Saturday’s final will have the largest crowd in MLC’s brief history, perhaps in excess of 10,000 attendees. He said the team is planning live South Asian music, fireworks and even a version of one of the Coliseum’s greatest traditions — tailgating. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Oakland approved new terms for the $125 million sale of its stake in the Coliseum on Monday. Although plans are still uncertain, the new owners, the Oakland Acquisition Company, an affiliate of the African American Sports and Entertainment Group, have indicated they want the space to become a destination for musical artists. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Over the past two seasons, while the Unicorns have been at the Coliseum, Krishnamurthi has invited a lot of his buddies who didn’t grow up watching the game to give it a try. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Cricket sells itself,” he said. “Once people see and understand the game in person, it brings fans in.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This version of cricket, which is called T-20, is not the one many of us are vaguely familiar with from British novels and \u003cem>Masterpiece Theater\u003c/em>. The games take about three hours, not three days, and the players are not wearing baggy white flannels but brightly colored uniforms — orange for the Unicorns, purple for the Knight Riders — with logos splashed across the front.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>This version of cricket, which is called T-20, is not the one many of us are vaguely familiar with from British novels and \u003cem>Masterpiece Theater\u003c/em>. The games take about three hours, not three days, and the players are not wearing baggy white flannels but brightly colored uniforms — orange for the Unicorns, purple for the Knight Riders — with logos splashed across the front.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fans wave flags as the San Francisco Unicorns play the Washington Freedom during their opening Major League Cricket game at the Oakland Coliseum on June 12, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>It’s fast-paced and high-scoring — if you’re annoyed by a soccer match that may end in a 0-0 tie, check out the box score of Thursday’s game, where the Washington Freedom spoiled the Unicorns’ hopes for the championship — 238/6 to 231/6. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“In cricket, you can score 360 degrees. You can score behind yourself,” Liam Plunkett, part of the broadcast team for Major League Cricket, said on Sunday. “You don’t run the bases, you run back and forth. And if you do hit the equivalent of a home run — a six — you stay batting.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“In cricket, you can score 360 degrees. You can score behind yourself,” Liam Plunkett, part of the broadcast team for Major League Cricket, said on Sunday. “You don’t run the bases, you run back and forth. And if you do hit the equivalent of a home run — a six — you stay batting.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“If you’ve got a batsman who’s hot on that day, he stays there and keeps batting,” he said. “Sometimes you get guys who hit the equivalent of 15 home runs in one game.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Plunkett played for the Unicorns last year, but at age 41, decided it was time to retire, although he did sign a limited contract to play baseball for the Oakland Ballers for a couple of games on cricket off-days. That gives him some room to compare and contrast the two games. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044158\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The San Francisco Unicorns celebrate during their opening Major League Cricket game against the Washington Freedom at the Oakland Coliseum on June 12, 2025.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The MLC season is short — just one month separates the first of 34 games from the championship this year. Unicorns CEO David White said cricket watchers are used to that and follow their favorite players through various leagues around the world.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Even the most avid cricket fan is very impressed when they get to an MLC match and see the quality of players we have,” he said. “Our team alone has five or six players who’ve just come in from the Indian Premier League, stars from all over the world, Pakistan, India, Australia, South Africa, you name it.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“We checked every sports field available, and this is the only one [in the United States] with the dimensions big enough to play cricket,” MLC Tournament Director Justin Geale said. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Other than the fields that were designed especially for cricket, of course, including the new home of the Los Angeles Knight Riders in Pomona. That field will also be used in 2028 when cricket returns to the Olympics after a 128-year absence.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The Unicorns intend to build their own permanent facility somewhere in the Bay Area. They spent a few years negotiating with Santa Clara County for a site on the fairgrounds, but that plan has fallen through. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Krishamurthi and Plunkett said they won’t ever forget their time in Oakland, and Geale said he got goosebumps just stepping onto the field. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“You know, I watched the film \u003cem>Moneyball\u003c/em> 100 times,” Geale said. “The Oakland Raiders would play NFL football right here. For me to be able to walk out here, a kid from Australia who never thought he’d be in America, is amazing.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>White said he expects Saturday’s final will have the largest crowd in MLC’s brief history, perhaps in excess of 10,000 attendees. He said the team is planning live South Asian music, fireworks and even a version of one of the Coliseum’s greatest traditions — tailgating. \u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The San Francisco Unicorns are helping build the sport in Northern California ahead of Saturday's Championship Final and the stadium's uncertain future.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>American cricketer Sanjay Krishnamurthi recalled watching a baseball game at \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090665/oakland-approves-125-million-coliseum-sale-clearing-way-for-irving-azoff-overhaul\">the Oakland Coliseum\u003c/a> a few years back, when the Athletics were still playing there.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“And I remember thinking, it would be really cool if cricket could be like this someday,” the 23-year-old San José State University student said. “It happened sooner than expected.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Krishnamurthi plays for the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101909911/ballers-unicorns-valkyries-oh-my-bay-area-sports-teams-bring-sparkle-to-the-summer\">San Francisco Unicorns\u003c/a>, a Major League Cricket franchise that has existed since 2023. For the first two seasons, with no “home field” available, the team had to play all of its games outside California. After the A’s left for West Sacramento, the Unicorns moved to the Coliseum — injecting \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12044302/oakland-coliseum-in-its-2nd-life-hosts-major-league-crickets-west-coast-debut\">new life into a venue hurting\u003c/a> for major or professional sports teams, and seen in many ways as a symbol for Oakland’s trials and transformations. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Oakland approved new terms for the $125 million sale of its stake in the Coliseum on Monday. Although plans are still uncertain, the new owners, the Oakland Acquisition Company, an affiliate of the African American Sports and Entertainment Group, have indicated they want the space to become a destination for musical artists. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091486\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/260716-Cricket-Playoffs-Oakland-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">San Francisco Unicorns captain Matt Short talks to his players in the huddle during match 15 of the Cognizant Major League Cricket season 4 between San Francisco Unicorns and the Washington Freedom held at the Oakland Coliseum in Oakland on June 28, 2026. (Courtesy of Major League Cricket)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>For now, the massive edifice at 7000 Coliseum Way is still functioning as the home of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12090471/oakland-roots-to-leave-coliseum-begin-search-for-new-permanent-home\">Oakland Roots soccer team\u003c/a> for the rest of this season and as the site for the national playoffs for the MLC. The final game on Saturday will pit the Los Angeles Knight Riders against the Washington Freedom.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past two seasons, while the Unicorns have been at the Coliseum, Krishnamurthi has invited a lot of his buddies who didn’t grow up watching the game to give it a try. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Cricket sells itself,” he said. “Once people see and understand the game in person, it brings fans in.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This version of cricket, which is called T-20, is not the one many of us are vaguely familiar with from British novels and \u003cem>Masterpiece Theater\u003c/em>. The games take about three hours, not three days, and the players are not wearing baggy white flannels but brightly colored uniforms — orange for the Unicorns, purple for the Knight Riders — with logos splashed across the front.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044155\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-23-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fans wave flags as the San Francisco Unicorns play the Washington Freedom during their opening Major League Cricket game at the Oakland Coliseum on June 12, 2025. (Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>It’s fast-paced and high-scoring — if you’re annoyed by a soccer match that may end in a 0-0 tie, check out the box score of Thursday’s game, where the Washington Freedom spoiled the Unicorns’ hopes for the championship — 238/6 to 231/6. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“In cricket, you can score 360 degrees. You can score behind yourself,” Liam Plunkett, part of the broadcast team for Major League Cricket, said on Sunday. “You don’t run the bases, you run back and forth. And if you do hit the equivalent of a home run — a six — you stay batting.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“If you’ve got a batsman who’s hot on that day, he stays there and keeps batting,” he said. “Sometimes you get guys who hit the equivalent of 15 home runs in one game.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Plunkett played for the Unicorns last year, but at age 41, decided it was time to retire, although he did sign a limited contract to play baseball for the Oakland Ballers for a couple of games on cricket off-days. That gives him some room to compare and contrast the two games. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12044158\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/20250612_CRICKETCOLISEUM_GC-32-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The San Francisco Unicorns celebrate during their opening Major League Cricket game against the Washington Freedom at the Oakland Coliseum on June 12, 2025. (Gina Castro/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The MLC season is short — just one month separates the first of 34 games from the championship this year. Unicorns CEO David White said cricket watchers are used to that and follow their favorite players through various leagues around the world.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Even the most avid cricket fan is very impressed when they get to an MLC match and see the quality of players we have,” he said. “Our team alone has five or six players who’ve just come in from the Indian Premier League, stars from all over the world, Pakistan, India, Australia, South Africa, you name it.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Although the Unicorns are branded as “San Francisco,” a lot of the South Asian American fanbase lives in the South Bay, and Oakland is just as convenient for them. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The unusually spacious dimensions of the Coliseum’s playing field, designed to accommodate both football and baseball, make it work for cricket, too.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“We checked every sports field available, and this is the only one [in the United States] with the dimensions big enough to play cricket,” MLC Tournament Director Justin Geale said. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Other than the fields that were designed especially for cricket, of course, including the new home of the Los Angeles Knight Riders in Pomona. That field will also be used in 2028 when cricket returns to the Olympics after a 128-year absence.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The Unicorns intend to build their own permanent facility somewhere in the Bay Area. They spent a few years negotiating with Santa Clara County for a site on the fairgrounds, but that plan has fallen through. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>White said the team has some good leads, but nothing firm yet. He hopes to return to the Coliseum for 2027, but the sale on Monday makes that uncertain. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Krishamurthi and Plunkett said they won’t ever forget their time in Oakland, and Geale said he got goosebumps just stepping onto the field. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“You know, I watched the film \u003cem>Moneyball\u003c/em> 100 times,” Geale said. “The Oakland Raiders would play NFL football right here. For me to be able to walk out here, a kid from Australia who never thought he’d be in America, is amazing.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>White said he expects Saturday’s final will have the largest crowd in MLC’s brief history, perhaps in excess of 10,000 attendees. He said the team is planning live South Asian music, fireworks and even a version of one of the Coliseum’s greatest traditions — tailgating. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Months after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland’s\u003c/a> top administrator resigned over inappropriate text messages about female colleagues, a city council member said he wants to pay him over $400,000 in severance.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Councilmember Ken Houston on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=8137367&GUID=DB384C2C-65A2-4727-A61A-9BC4EED4811D\">proposed granting\u003c/a> former City Administrator Jestin Johnson the payment in exchange for a waiver of any potential legal claims against the city. Houston eventually pulled the item before the council was able to discuss it in a meeting, but said he would reintroduce the proposal later.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12084482/oakland-mayor-barbara-lee-signals-shell-run-for-full-term-in-november\">Johnson stepped down in May\u003c/a> after a public records request revealed the messages from 2024. Johnson described a female subordinate as his “kryptonite” and wrote: “My goodness, [she] has a helluva walk.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In another text to a former assistant city administrator, Johnson said a female department head “had me a little giddy,” adding, “I have to force myself to only look into her eyes.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12081625\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Oakland City Hall in Oakland on April 28, 2025. (Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Under his \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=6202728&GUID=08E1D061-2F88-47C7-B8B7-E87E17C3D3D4&Options=&Search=\">original employment agreement\u003c/a>, Johnson was entitled to six months of severance pay in the event of being terminated without cause. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because he resigned, that severance provision was never triggered, so Houston’s resolution would require council authorization to create a new, alternative payout.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The mayor’s office, the city administrator and the city attorney were not behind the severance item. Houston brought it forward on his own.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I planned to pull it this morning because I want to wait till after recess to bring it forward,” Houston told KQED ahead of the Rules and Legislation Committee meeting. “I’m definitely bringing it back.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In May, Mayor Barbara Lee said she was unaware of the messages until they became public, and accepted his resignation shortly after.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Under my watch, I will not tolerate transgressions of this nature,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Houston said that he did not partake in the discussions that led to Johnson’s departure and that he had not discussed the proposal with Johnson.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He’s pushing the severance, he said, because he believes Johnson was effectively “forced to resign” rather than leaving on his own — and because he worries the city could face an expensive lawsuit if it pays Johnson nothing.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I’m a business person, I’m proactive,” Houston said. “If he sues, which I would do if I was in his position, it will cost the city.” Houston likened his proposed severance to “killing two birds with one stone.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“It’s helping someone that helped the city, and is being proactive for a lawsuit that may be possibly coming down the pipeline,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He asked, “Is it better to give up $400,000 than $3 million with all the expenses?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lee’s office declined to comment on Houston’s item or his claims that Johnson was essentially forced to resign.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Months after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland’s\u003c/a> top administrator resigned over inappropriate text messages about female colleagues, a city council member said he wants to pay him over $400,000 in severance.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Councilmember Ken Houston on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=8137367&GUID=DB384C2C-65A2-4727-A61A-9BC4EED4811D\">proposed granting\u003c/a> former City Administrator Jestin Johnson the payment in exchange for a waiver of any potential legal claims against the city. Houston eventually pulled the item before the council was able to discuss it in a meeting, but said he would reintroduce the proposal later.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Councilmember Ken Houston on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=8137367&GUID=DB384C2C-65A2-4727-A61A-9BC4EED4811D\">proposed granting\u003c/a> former City Administrator Jestin Johnson the payment in exchange for a waiver of any potential legal claims against the city. Houston eventually pulled the item before the council was able to discuss it in a meeting, but said he would reintroduce the proposal later.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12084482/oakland-mayor-barbara-lee-signals-shell-run-for-full-term-in-november\">Johnson stepped down in May\u003c/a> after a public records request revealed the messages from 2024. Johnson described a female subordinate as his “kryptonite” and wrote: “My goodness, [she] has a helluva walk.” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In another text to a former assistant city administrator, Johnson said a female department head “had me a little giddy,” adding, “I have to force myself to only look into her eyes.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Under his \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=6202728&GUID=08E1D061-2F88-47C7-B8B7-E87E17C3D3D4&Options=&Search=\">original employment agreement\u003c/a>, Johnson was entitled to six months of severance pay in the event of being terminated without cause. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>But because he resigned, that severance provision was never triggered, so Houston’s resolution would require council authorization to create a new, alternative payout.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The mayor’s office, the city administrator and the city attorney were not behind the severance item. Houston brought it forward on his own.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I planned to pull it this morning because I want to wait till after recess to bring it forward,” Houston told KQED ahead of the Rules and Legislation Committee meeting. “I’m definitely bringing it back.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>In May, Mayor Barbara Lee said she was unaware of the messages until they became public, and accepted his resignation shortly after.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“Under my watch, I will not tolerate transgressions of this nature,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Houston said that he did not partake in the discussions that led to Johnson’s departure and that he had not discussed the proposal with Johnson.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>He’s pushing the severance, he said, because he believes Johnson was effectively “forced to resign” rather than leaving on his own — and because he worries the city could face an expensive lawsuit if it pays Johnson nothing.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“I’m a business person, I’m proactive,” Houston said. “If he sues, which I would do if I was in his position, it will cost the city.” Houston likened his proposed severance to “killing two birds with one stone.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“It’s helping someone that helped the city, and is being proactive for a lawsuit that may be possibly coming down the pipeline,” he said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“I’m a business person, I’m proactive,” Houston said. “If he sues, which I would do if I was in his position, it will cost the city.” Houston likened his proposed severance to “killing two birds with one stone.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“It’s helping someone that helped the city, and is being proactive for a lawsuit that may be possibly coming down the pipeline,” he said.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>He asked, “Is it better to give up $400,000 than $3 million with all the expenses?” \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Lee’s office declined to comment on Houston’s item or his claims that Johnson was essentially forced to resign.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Johnson did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Councilmember Ken Houston said a severance payment to former City Administrator Jestin Johnson could shield the city from a costly lawsuit.",
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"title": "Oakland Official Says City Should Pay $409K to City Admin Who Resigned Over Text Scandal | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Months after \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/oakland\">Oakland’s\u003c/a> top administrator resigned over inappropriate text messages about female colleagues, a city council member said he wants to pay him over $400,000 in severance.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Councilmember Ken Houston on Thursday \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=8137367&GUID=DB384C2C-65A2-4727-A61A-9BC4EED4811D\">proposed granting\u003c/a> former City Administrator Jestin Johnson the payment in exchange for a waiver of any potential legal claims against the city. Houston eventually pulled the item before the council was able to discuss it in a meeting, but said he would reintroduce the proposal later.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12084482/oakland-mayor-barbara-lee-signals-shell-run-for-full-term-in-november\">Johnson stepped down in May\u003c/a> after a public records request revealed the messages from 2024. Johnson described a female subordinate as his “kryptonite” and wrote: “My goodness, [she] has a helluva walk.” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In another text to a former assistant city administrator, Johnson said a female department head “had me a little giddy,” adding, “I have to force myself to only look into her eyes.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12081625\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250428-OAKLAND-CITY-HALL-FILE-MD-02-KQED-1920x1280-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Oakland City Hall in Oakland on April 28, 2025. (Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Under his \u003ca href=\"https://oakland.legistar.com/LegislationDetail.aspx?ID=6202728&GUID=08E1D061-2F88-47C7-B8B7-E87E17C3D3D4&Options=&Search=\">original employment agreement\u003c/a>, Johnson was entitled to six months of severance pay in the event of being terminated without cause. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But because he resigned, that severance provision was never triggered, so Houston’s resolution would require council authorization to create a new, alternative payout.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The mayor’s office, the city administrator and the city attorney were not behind the severance item. Houston brought it forward on his own.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I planned to pull it this morning because I want to wait till after recess to bring it forward,” Houston told KQED ahead of the Rules and Legislation Committee meeting. “I’m definitely bringing it back.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\u003cp>In May, Mayor Barbara Lee said she was unaware of the messages until they became public, and accepted his resignation shortly after.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“Under my watch, I will not tolerate transgressions of this nature,” Lee said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Houston said that he did not partake in the discussions that led to Johnson’s departure and that he had not discussed the proposal with Johnson.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He’s pushing the severance, he said, because he believes Johnson was effectively “forced to resign” rather than leaving on his own — and because he worries the city could face an expensive lawsuit if it pays Johnson nothing.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“I’m a business person, I’m proactive,” Houston said. “If he sues, which I would do if I was in his position, it will cost the city.” Houston likened his proposed severance to “killing two birds with one stone.\u003cbr>\u003cbr>“It’s helping someone that helped the city, and is being proactive for a lawsuit that may be possibly coming down the pipeline,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>He asked, “Is it better to give up $400,000 than $3 million with all the expenses?” \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Lee’s office declined to comment on Houston’s item or his claims that Johnson was essentially forced to resign.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Johnson did not respond to requests for comment.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "want-access-to-new-less-crowded-bay-area-hiking-trails-a-10-ebmud-permit-could-be-the-answer",
"title": "Want Access to New, Less-Crowded Bay Area Hiking Trails? A $10 EBMUD Permit Could Be the Answer",
"publishDate": 1784199600,
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"headTitle": "Want Access to New, Less-Crowded Bay Area Hiking Trails? A $10 EBMUD Permit Could Be the Answer | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>If you’re a Bay Area hiker who feels like you’ve exhausted all of the region’s most scenic parks and trails — or are just getting tired of being surrounded by people on crowded trails when you’re looking for solitude — there might be a cost-effective solution. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That is, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/buy-trail-permit\">buying this $10 annual pass\u003c/a> to be able to enter 57,000 acres of East Bay Municipal Utility District land.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bordering reservoirs in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/east-bay-trails\">East Bay\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/sierra-foothills-trails\">Sierra foothills\u003c/a>, EBMUD’s land includes the entire watershed the utility manages and is full of hiking, biking and even watersports opportunities that only people with an annual pass can access.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Why the $10 fee for the pass? Nelsy Rodriguez, spokesperson for EBMUD, said the agency asks for this paid yearly trail permit to cover trail and land maintenance, and also so the agency can monitor how many people are actually using its trails.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“For a very small fee, just so that we know who’s there, we can fund the maintenance of these trails,” she said. “There’s worlds of trails to explore out there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#bay-area-hikes\">3 beautiful Bay Area hikes to explore with an EBMUD permit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How the EBMUD permit works\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The permit, \u003ca href=\"https://trailpermits.ebmud.com/\">which you can purchase online\u003c/a>, costs $10 per year and includes access for you and your immediate family (with no limit on this number) — plus three other people. If you don’t want to commit to a year, you can buy a day permit for $3. EBMUD also offers 3-year permits for $20 and 5-year $30 permits, which may offer you even more value if you plan to use these lands over several years. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodriguez said when visiting an EBMUD trail, it’s best to keep your permit on you and sign the trail register at the start of your hike. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1338\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091159\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-1536x1028.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Riche Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass. (Courtesy of EBMUD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That way, in case there’s any emergency, we can verify your identity,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While hiking on watershed land, stay on the trail, stay \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085282/ticks-lyme-disease-california-bay-area-what-to-do-tick-bite-dog-deer-how-to-avoid-ticks\">aware of ticks\u003c/a> and always carry water, Rodriguez said. Any form of fire is prohibited, she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As for the reservoirs themselves — from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/san-pablo-reservoir\">San Pablo\u003c/a> all the way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/pardee-reservoir\">Pardee \u003c/a>in the Sierra foothills — they’re open for recreation but not for swimming. That means visitors can hike around the water’s perimeter and sometimes fish, boat or kayak in the water. Just remember: these waterways provide drinking water for 1.4 million people in the Bay Area, so actual \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780692/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes\">body contact isn’t allowed.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a few ideas on how to use a $10 annual EBMUD pass around the Bay Area. And if you still want more ideas, the utility has \u003ca href=\"https://webapps.ebmud.com/trailmap/\">its own interactive trail map\u003c/a> where you can filter by difficulty and other factors, and a \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f0b88ce7369c48279c0c4104f35e2182\">list of suggested Bay Area hikes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bay-area-hikes\">3 beautiful Bay Area hikes to explore with an EBMUD permit\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/oursan-trail-to-briones-dam\">\u003cstrong>Oursan Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> to Bear Creek Trail along Briones Reservoir \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This 13-mile loop, 10 miles of which is dog-friendly, can fill a full day of adventure — or simply make it an out-and-back and turn around when you’re ready. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Following unpaved fire trails with intermittent views of the reservoir, the trail is scattered with meadows, oak trees and lots of wildlife. Just be sure to keep your dog on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1350\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091158\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1-1536x1037.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Rocky Ridge Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass. (Courtesy of EBMUD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/pinole-ridge-to-pinole-valley-trail\">\u003cstrong>Pinole Ridge and Valley Loop Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Connect two trails together to form a 6.6-mile loop through the \u003ca href=\"https://ridgetrail.org/trail-section/pinole-watershed/\">Pinole Valley Watershed\u003c/a>, an especially quiet trail despite its expansive valley views. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This trail is best done in the shoulder season or on cool days as there is little shade. Dogs are not allowed.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/lafayette-reservoir-loop\">\u003cstrong>Lakeside Nature Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> at Lafayette Reservoir\u003c/strong> \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This paved, family-friendly trail can be hiked in an easy 1-hour loop, ideal for strollers, runners and dog walkers. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Enjoy constant views of the reservoir and plenty of picnic areas, benches and water fountains – and even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/lafayette-reservoir\">playground and boat rentals \u003c/a>for a full day of activities with kids. Dogs are allowed but must be on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Note: There is a $7 parking fee (or $1 for every half-hour) at the Lafayette Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>If you’re a Bay Area hiker who feels like you’ve exhausted all of the region’s most scenic parks and trails — or are just getting tired of being surrounded by people on crowded trails when you’re looking for solitude — there might be a cost-effective solution. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>That is, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/buy-trail-permit\">buying this $10 annual pass\u003c/a> to be able to enter 57,000 acres of East Bay Municipal Utility District land.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>That is, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/buy-trail-permit\">buying this $10 annual pass\u003c/a> to be able to enter 57,000 acres of East Bay Municipal Utility District land.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Bordering reservoirs in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/east-bay-trails\">East Bay\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/sierra-foothills-trails\">Sierra foothills\u003c/a>, EBMUD’s land includes the entire watershed the utility manages and is full of hiking, biking and even watersports opportunities that only people with an annual pass can access.\u003c/p>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cp>Bordering reservoirs in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/east-bay-trails\">East Bay\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/sierra-foothills-trails\">Sierra foothills\u003c/a>, EBMUD’s land includes the entire watershed the utility manages and is full of hiking, biking and even watersports opportunities that only people with an annual pass can access.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Why the $10 fee for the pass? Nelsy Rodriguez, spokesperson for EBMUD, said the agency asks for this paid yearly trail permit to cover trail and land maintenance, and also so the agency can monitor how many people are actually using its trails.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Why the $10 fee for the pass? Nelsy Rodriguez, spokesperson for EBMUD, said the agency asks for this paid yearly trail permit to cover trail and land maintenance, and also so the agency can monitor how many people are actually using its trails.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“For a very small fee, just so that we know who’s there, we can fund the maintenance of these trails,” she said. “There’s worlds of trails to explore out there.”\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>“For a very small fee, just so that we know who’s there, we can fund the maintenance of these trails,” she said. “There’s worlds of trails to explore out there.”\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#bay-area-hikes\">3 beautiful Bay Area hikes to explore with an EBMUD permit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n",
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"\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#bay-area-hikes\">3 beautiful Bay Area hikes to explore with an EBMUD permit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>The permit, \u003ca href=\"https://trailpermits.ebmud.com/\">which you can purchase online\u003c/a>, costs $10 per year and includes access for you and your immediate family (with no limit on this number) — plus three other people. If you don’t want to commit to a year, you can buy a day permit for $3. EBMUD also offers 3-year permits for $20 and 5-year $30 permits, which may offer you even more value if you plan to use these lands over several years. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>The permit, \u003ca href=\"https://trailpermits.ebmud.com/\">which you can purchase online\u003c/a>, costs $10 per year and includes access for you and your immediate family (with no limit on this number) — plus three other people. If you don’t want to commit to a year, you can buy a day permit for $3. EBMUD also offers 3-year permits for $20 and 5-year $30 permits, which may offer you even more value if you plan to use these lands over several years. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Rodriguez said when visiting an EBMUD trail, it’s best to keep your permit on you and sign the trail register at the start of your hike. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Rodriguez said when visiting an EBMUD trail, it’s best to keep your permit on you and sign the trail register at the start of your hike. \u003c/p>\n"
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"srcset": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-1536x1028.jpg 1536w",
"sizes": "(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091159\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-1536x1028.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Riche Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
"innerContent": [
"\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091159\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Riche Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>“That way, in case there’s any emergency, we can verify your identity,” she said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>While hiking on watershed land, stay on the trail, stay \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085282/ticks-lyme-disease-california-bay-area-what-to-do-tick-bite-dog-deer-how-to-avoid-ticks\">aware of ticks\u003c/a> and always carry water, Rodriguez said. Any form of fire is prohibited, she said.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>While hiking on watershed land, stay on the trail, stay \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085282/ticks-lyme-disease-california-bay-area-what-to-do-tick-bite-dog-deer-how-to-avoid-ticks\">aware of ticks\u003c/a> and always carry water, Rodriguez said. Any form of fire is prohibited, she said.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>As for the reservoirs themselves — from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/san-pablo-reservoir\">San Pablo\u003c/a> all the way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/pardee-reservoir\">Pardee \u003c/a>in the Sierra foothills — they’re open for recreation but not for swimming. That means visitors can hike around the water’s perimeter and sometimes fish, boat or kayak in the water. Just remember: these waterways provide drinking water for 1.4 million people in the Bay Area, so actual \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780692/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes\">body contact isn’t allowed.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>As for the reservoirs themselves — from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/san-pablo-reservoir\">San Pablo\u003c/a> all the way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/pardee-reservoir\">Pardee \u003c/a>in the Sierra foothills — they’re open for recreation but not for swimming. That means visitors can hike around the water’s perimeter and sometimes fish, boat or kayak in the water. Just remember: these waterways provide drinking water for 1.4 million people in the Bay Area, so actual \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780692/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes\">body contact isn’t allowed.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a few ideas on how to use a $10 annual EBMUD pass around the Bay Area. And if you still want more ideas, the utility has \u003ca href=\"https://webapps.ebmud.com/trailmap/\">its own interactive trail map\u003c/a> where you can filter by difficulty and other factors, and a \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f0b88ce7369c48279c0c4104f35e2182\">list of suggested Bay Area hikes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a few ideas on how to use a $10 annual EBMUD pass around the Bay Area. And if you still want more ideas, the utility has \u003ca href=\"https://webapps.ebmud.com/trailmap/\">its own interactive trail map\u003c/a> where you can filter by difficulty and other factors, and a \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f0b88ce7369c48279c0c4104f35e2182\">list of suggested Bay Area hikes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/oursan-trail-to-briones-dam\">\u003cstrong>Oursan Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> to Bear Creek Trail along Briones Reservoir \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/oursan-trail-to-briones-dam\">\u003cstrong>Oursan Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> to Bear Creek Trail along Briones Reservoir \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This 13-mile loop, 10 miles of which is dog-friendly, can fill a full day of adventure — or simply make it an out-and-back and turn around when you’re ready. \u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>This 13-mile loop, 10 miles of which is dog-friendly, can fill a full day of adventure — or simply make it an out-and-back and turn around when you’re ready. \u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Following unpaved fire trails with intermittent views of the reservoir, the trail is scattered with meadows, oak trees and lots of wildlife. Just be sure to keep your dog on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n",
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"\n\u003cp>Following unpaved fire trails with intermittent views of the reservoir, the trail is scattered with meadows, oak trees and lots of wildlife. Just be sure to keep your dog on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n"
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091158\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1-1536x1037.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(min-width: 992px) min(100vw, 1536px), (min-width: 768px) min(100vw, 1280px), min(100vw, 1020px)\" />\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Rocky Ridge Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/pinole-ridge-to-pinole-valley-trail\">\u003cstrong>Pinole Ridge and Valley Loop Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Connect two trails together to form a 6.6-mile loop through the \u003ca href=\"https://ridgetrail.org/trail-section/pinole-watershed/\">Pinole Valley Watershed\u003c/a>, an especially quiet trail despite its expansive valley views. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This trail is best done in the shoulder season or on cool days as there is little shade. Dogs are not allowed.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/lafayette-reservoir-loop\">\u003cstrong>Lakeside Nature Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> at Lafayette Reservoir\u003c/strong> \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>This paved, family-friendly trail can be hiked in an easy 1-hour loop, ideal for strollers, runners and dog walkers. \u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Enjoy constant views of the reservoir and plenty of picnic areas, benches and water fountains – and even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/lafayette-reservoir\">playground and boat rentals \u003c/a>for a full day of activities with kids. Dogs are allowed but must be on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n",
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"innerHTML": "\n\u003cp>Note: There is a $7 parking fee (or $1 for every half-hour) at the Lafayette Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "If you’re trying to get away from the crowds on the trail, here’s what a year's access to these East Bay trails and parks could get you.",
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"title": "Want Access to New, Less-Crowded Bay Area Hiking Trails? A $10 EBMUD Permit Could Be the Answer | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>If you’re a Bay Area hiker who feels like you’ve exhausted all of the region’s most scenic parks and trails — or are just getting tired of being surrounded by people on crowded trails when you’re looking for solitude — there might be a cost-effective solution. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>That is, \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/buy-trail-permit\">buying this $10 annual pass\u003c/a> to be able to enter 57,000 acres of East Bay Municipal Utility District land.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Bordering reservoirs in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/east-bay-trails\">East Bay\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"http://ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/sierra-foothills-trails\">Sierra foothills\u003c/a>, EBMUD’s land includes the entire watershed the utility manages and is full of hiking, biking and even watersports opportunities that only people with an annual pass can access.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Why the $10 fee for the pass? Nelsy Rodriguez, spokesperson for EBMUD, said the agency asks for this paid yearly trail permit to cover trail and land maintenance, and also so the agency can monitor how many people are actually using its trails.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“For a very small fee, just so that we know who’s there, we can fund the maintenance of these trails,” she said. “There’s worlds of trails to explore out there.”\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to: \u003ca href=\"#bay-area-hikes\">3 beautiful Bay Area hikes to explore with an EBMUD permit\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How the EBMUD permit works\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>The permit, \u003ca href=\"https://trailpermits.ebmud.com/\">which you can purchase online\u003c/a>, costs $10 per year and includes access for you and your immediate family (with no limit on this number) — plus three other people. If you don’t want to commit to a year, you can buy a day permit for $3. EBMUD also offers 3-year permits for $20 and 5-year $30 permits, which may offer you even more value if you plan to use these lands over several years. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rodriguez said when visiting an EBMUD trail, it’s best to keep your permit on you and sign the trail register at the start of your hike. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1338\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091159\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Riche_loop_2-1-1536x1028.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Riche Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass. (Courtesy of EBMUD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>“That way, in case there’s any emergency, we can verify your identity,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>While hiking on watershed land, stay on the trail, stay \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12085282/ticks-lyme-disease-california-bay-area-what-to-do-tick-bite-dog-deer-how-to-avoid-ticks\">aware of ticks\u003c/a> and always carry water, Rodriguez said. Any form of fire is prohibited, she said.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>As for the reservoirs themselves — from \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/san-pablo-reservoir\">San Pablo\u003c/a> all the way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/sierra-foothills/pardee-reservoir\">Pardee \u003c/a>in the Sierra foothills — they’re open for recreation but not for swimming. That means visitors can hike around the water’s perimeter and sometimes fish, boat or kayak in the water. Just remember: these waterways provide drinking water for 1.4 million people in the Bay Area, so actual \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11780692/why-cant-you-swim-in-most-of-the-bay-area-lakes\">body contact isn’t allowed.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Keep reading for a few ideas on how to use a $10 annual EBMUD pass around the Bay Area. And if you still want more ideas, the utility has \u003ca href=\"https://webapps.ebmud.com/trailmap/\">its own interactive trail map\u003c/a> where you can filter by difficulty and other factors, and a \u003ca href=\"https://storymaps.arcgis.com/stories/f0b88ce7369c48279c0c4104f35e2182\">list of suggested Bay Area hikes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003ch2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"bay-area-hikes\">3 beautiful Bay Area hikes to explore with an EBMUD permit\u003c/h2>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/oursan-trail-to-briones-dam\">\u003cstrong>Oursan Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> to Bear Creek Trail along Briones Reservoir \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This 13-mile loop, 10 miles of which is dog-friendly, can fill a full day of adventure — or simply make it an out-and-back and turn around when you’re ready. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Following unpaved fire trails with intermittent views of the reservoir, the trail is scattered with meadows, oak trees and lots of wildlife. Just be sure to keep your dog on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cfigure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1350\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-12091158\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1-160x108.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/07/Rocky_Ridge_Loop_Trail_2-1-1536x1037.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">The Rocky Ridge Loop Trail in Moraga, one of the hikes that’s accessible with the EBMUD annual pass. (Courtesy of EBMUD)\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/pinole-ridge-to-pinole-valley-trail\">\u003cstrong>Pinole Ridge and Valley Loop Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Connect two trails together to form a 6.6-mile loop through the \u003ca href=\"https://ridgetrail.org/trail-section/pinole-watershed/\">Pinole Valley Watershed\u003c/a>, an especially quiet trail despite its expansive valley views. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This trail is best done in the shoulder season or on cool days as there is little shade. Dogs are not allowed.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.alltrails.com/trail/us/california/lafayette-reservoir-loop\">\u003cstrong>Lakeside Nature Trail\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> at Lafayette Reservoir\u003c/strong> \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>This paved, family-friendly trail can be hiked in an easy 1-hour loop, ideal for strollers, runners and dog walkers. \u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>Enjoy constant views of the reservoir and plenty of picnic areas, benches and water fountains – and even a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ebmud.com/recreation/east-bay/lafayette-reservoir\">playground and boat rentals \u003c/a>for a full day of activities with kids. Dogs are allowed but must be on leash at all times.\u003c/p>\n\n\n\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Note: There is a $7 parking fee (or $1 for every half-hour) at the Lafayette Reservoir.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"order": 10
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"id": "city-arts",
"title": "City Arts & Lectures",
"info": "A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available",
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"airtime": "SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am",
"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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"rss": "https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"
}
},
"closealltabs": {
"id": "closealltabs",
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"source": "Commonwealth Club of California"
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 9
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz",
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"meta": {
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/",
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},
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"id": "fresh-air",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"info": "A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
"meta": {
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"source": "NPR"
},
"link": "/radio/program/hidden-brain",
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"title": "How I Built This with Guy Raz",
"info": "Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/03/Hyphenacion_FinalAssets_PodcastTile.png",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"order": 15
},
"link": "/podcasts/hyphenacion",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/2p3Fifq96nw9BPcmFdIq0o?si=39209f7b25774f38",
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},
"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
"meta": {
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"order": 18
},
"link": "/podcasts/jerrybrown",
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
"meta": {
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},
"link": "/radio/program/latino-usa",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
}
},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
},
"link": "/radio/program/marketplace",
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
"id": "masters-of-scale",
"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
}
},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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}
},
"morning-edition": {
"id": "morning-edition",
"title": "Morning Edition",
"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3am-9am",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"link": "/radio/program/morning-edition"
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
"meta": {
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"source": "kqed",
"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
"subscribe": {
"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
"title": "PBS NewsHour",
"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 3pm-4pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "pbs"
},
"link": "/radio/program/pbs-newshour",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
}
},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
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"order": 14
},
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