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"title": "SF Legislation Aims to Crack Down on Uncertified Batteries as Fires Grow More Common",
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"headTitle": "SF Legislation Aims to Crack Down on Uncertified Batteries as Fires Grow More Common | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>As fires sparked by lithium-ion batteries become more common, San Francisco Supervisor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bilal-mahmood\">Bilal Mahmood\u003c/a> and the Fire Department are introducing legislation to outlaw uncertified batteries and devices in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahmood drafted the legislation in response to a fire started by a lithium-ion battery that ripped through a Tenderloin apartment building in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068668/after-tenderloin-apartment-fire-rent-controlled-tenants-fear-theyre-being-pushed-out\">December\u003c/a>, displacing dozens of families in Mahmood’s district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze is part of a growing trend in San Francisco. According to a press release from Mahmood’s office, the city saw 120 lithium-ion battery-related incidents from 2024 to 2025, with dozens concentrated in and around the Tenderloin, and Fire Department data shows related structure fires have been on the rise for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities are also seeing increases in lithium-ion battery fires; in San José, officials raised warnings about buying, storing and charging devices with the batteries after a man \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078862/fire-bike-officials-urge-caution-after-e-bike-fire-death-in-san-jose\">died\u003c/a> in an apartment fire on Friday linked to an e-bike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to e-bikes, lithium-ion batteries can be found in common household items such as phones, computers and cordless vacuums. While the batteries are \u003ca href=\"https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/why-are-lithium-ion-batteries-and-not-some-other-kind-battery-used-electric-cars-and-grid\">favored\u003c/a> for being lightweight and rechargeable, these qualities can also make them a fire hazard — especially when they lack certification or are improperly charged and stored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no real warning,” Fire Lt. Mariano Elias said. They start with a bit of smoke before sparks begin to fly and they explode in a big, bright flash. After that, “the fire is off and running very quickly,” releasing clouds of toxic smoke that \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DW1Yb9uDpYw/\">pose a danger\u003c/a> to firefighters and the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11100824\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11100824 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/25114840899_e4ac084aab_o-e1765481604471.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1398\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Fire Department Engine 13. \u003ccite>(Alexander Russy/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not only do they start fast, but they are hard to put out. The fire becomes more difficult to extinguish because “we’re kind of fighting the casing of the battery,” Elias said, referring to a plastic coating designed to keep water out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batteries sold commercially in the U.S. are often tested and certified by labs such as UL Solutions to ensure they meet safety standards. But the San Francisco Fire Department found that many of the city’s battery-sparked blazes were caused by non-certified lithium-ion batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://electrek.co/2025/06/30/the-dangers-of-low-cost-electric-bikes-what-youre-really-getting-for-500/\">Consumer watchdogs and reviewers\u003c/a> have noted that while fires caused by devices like e-bikes are still relatively rare, some budget models with less reputable, unbranded parts are more likely to include dangerous non-certified batteries.[aside postID=news_12078862 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/250724-MARIN-EBIKES-MD-06_qed.jpg']“The problem here is not e-bikes and scooters, the problem is when people are using non-UL certified batteries in them,” Mahmood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His ordinance, which was set to be introduced at Tuesday afternoon’s Board of Supervisors meeting, aims to solve this problem upstream by prohibiting the sale of uncertified lithium-ion batteries, authorizing enforcement by the San Francisco Fire Department and establishing penalties of up to $1,000 per violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glen Martin, the owner of In and Out E-Bike Repair in the Mission District, believes this legislation will have a positive impact. “I think the highest standards need to be employed behind these batteries,” Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there is a state law in California that regulates lithium-ion batteries, Mahmood said his law would go further by regulating the online delivery component and giving the fire chief authority to issue citations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the new legislation, the Fire Department is working hard to increase public awareness around lithium-ion battery safety and telling citizens to spot fires early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fire Department \u003ca href=\"https://sf-fire.org/safety-resources-and-information/lithium-ion-battery-safety\">recommends\u003c/a> taking precautions such as only using the manufacturer’s charger, storing your e-bikes and scooters away from exits, and charging on flat, non-combustible surfaces out of direct sunlight (i.e., don’t leave your phone on the bed while it’s charging). If you hear popping or hissing, see a bulging battery or feel the device temperature rising, you may be in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/aaliahmad\">\u003cem>Ayah Ali-Ahmad\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Lithium-ion battery fires, which spread quickly and release harmful toxins, can be a danger with uncertified batteries in devices such as e-bikes.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>As fires sparked by lithium-ion batteries become more common, San Francisco Supervisor \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/bilal-mahmood\">Bilal Mahmood\u003c/a> and the Fire Department are introducing legislation to outlaw uncertified batteries and devices in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mahmood drafted the legislation in response to a fire started by a lithium-ion battery that ripped through a Tenderloin apartment building in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068668/after-tenderloin-apartment-fire-rent-controlled-tenants-fear-theyre-being-pushed-out\">December\u003c/a>, displacing dozens of families in Mahmood’s district.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The blaze is part of a growing trend in San Francisco. According to a press release from Mahmood’s office, the city saw 120 lithium-ion battery-related incidents from 2024 to 2025, with dozens concentrated in and around the Tenderloin, and Fire Department data shows related structure fires have been on the rise for several years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other cities are also seeing increases in lithium-ion battery fires; in San José, officials raised warnings about buying, storing and charging devices with the batteries after a man \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078862/fire-bike-officials-urge-caution-after-e-bike-fire-death-in-san-jose\">died\u003c/a> in an apartment fire on Friday linked to an e-bike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to e-bikes, lithium-ion batteries can be found in common household items such as phones, computers and cordless vacuums. While the batteries are \u003ca href=\"https://climate.mit.edu/ask-mit/why-are-lithium-ion-batteries-and-not-some-other-kind-battery-used-electric-cars-and-grid\">favored\u003c/a> for being lightweight and rechargeable, these qualities can also make them a fire hazard — especially when they lack certification or are improperly charged and stored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s no real warning,” Fire Lt. Mariano Elias said. They start with a bit of smoke before sparks begin to fly and they explode in a big, bright flash. After that, “the fire is off and running very quickly,” releasing clouds of toxic smoke that \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/p/DW1Yb9uDpYw/\">pose a danger\u003c/a> to firefighters and the community.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11100824\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11100824 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/09/25114840899_e4ac084aab_o-e1765481604471.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1398\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">San Francisco Fire Department Engine 13. \u003ccite>(Alexander Russy/Flickr)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Not only do they start fast, but they are hard to put out. The fire becomes more difficult to extinguish because “we’re kind of fighting the casing of the battery,” Elias said, referring to a plastic coating designed to keep water out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Batteries sold commercially in the U.S. are often tested and certified by labs such as UL Solutions to ensure they meet safety standards. But the San Francisco Fire Department found that many of the city’s battery-sparked blazes were caused by non-certified lithium-ion batteries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://electrek.co/2025/06/30/the-dangers-of-low-cost-electric-bikes-what-youre-really-getting-for-500/\">Consumer watchdogs and reviewers\u003c/a> have noted that while fires caused by devices like e-bikes are still relatively rare, some budget models with less reputable, unbranded parts are more likely to include dangerous non-certified batteries.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The problem here is not e-bikes and scooters, the problem is when people are using non-UL certified batteries in them,” Mahmood said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His ordinance, which was set to be introduced at Tuesday afternoon’s Board of Supervisors meeting, aims to solve this problem upstream by prohibiting the sale of uncertified lithium-ion batteries, authorizing enforcement by the San Francisco Fire Department and establishing penalties of up to $1,000 per violation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Glen Martin, the owner of In and Out E-Bike Repair in the Mission District, believes this legislation will have a positive impact. “I think the highest standards need to be employed behind these batteries,” Martin said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While there is a state law in California that regulates lithium-ion batteries, Mahmood said his law would go further by regulating the online delivery component and giving the fire chief authority to issue citations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In addition to the new legislation, the Fire Department is working hard to increase public awareness around lithium-ion battery safety and telling citizens to spot fires early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Fire Department \u003ca href=\"https://sf-fire.org/safety-resources-and-information/lithium-ion-battery-safety\">recommends\u003c/a> taking precautions such as only using the manufacturer’s charger, storing your e-bikes and scooters away from exits, and charging on flat, non-combustible surfaces out of direct sunlight (i.e., don’t leave your phone on the bed while it’s charging). If you hear popping or hissing, see a bulging battery or feel the device temperature rising, you may be in trouble.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/aaliahmad\">\u003cem>Ayah Ali-Ahmad\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "fire-bike-officials-urge-caution-after-e-bike-fire-death-in-san-jose",
"title": "Fire, Bike Officials Urge Caution After E-Bike Fire Death in San José",
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"content": "\u003cp>Fire officials and bike advocates are warning people to take precautions when buying, charging and storing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/e-bikes\">e-bikes\u003c/a> following the death of a man who tried to extinguish a battery fire in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/south-bay\">South Bay\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the popularity of e-bikes grows, so does the risk of fires from damaged, failing or lower-quality battery packs that power them. Taking safety measures, such as never leaving an e-bike charging unattended, can help reduce the likelihood of a fire, injuries or death if the batteries do ignite, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All across the country, we’re seeing a rapid increase in lithium-ion battery fires,” San José Fire Department Battalion Chief Jeff Fielding said Monday during a news conference. “It is becoming a much more common problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 8:30 a.m. on Friday, fire officials received reports of a fire in an apartment on Norwalk Drive in West San José. Firefighters arrived to find one person collapsed in a hallway, and another who had escaped the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the incident report from SJFD, a woman who lived in the apartment told fire investigators she heard “buzzing and popping” coming from the e-bike, and it immediately caught fire, looking like “it had fireworks coming from it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman ran to the balcony, while a man came out of a bedroom and tried to extinguish the fire amid thick smoke. The man went out to the balcony briefly, as he was struggling to breathe, then went back in to attempt to control the fire before going to the hallway, where he collapsed, officials and the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12078946\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12078946\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1770\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed.jpg 1770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed-1536x1157.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1770px) 100vw, 1770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Battalion Chief Jeff Fielding of the San José Fire Department speaks about an e-bike fire during a press conference on April 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A neighbor ran to the balcony to rescue the woman, and then performed CPR on the man, who was taken by paramedics to a hospital, where he was pronounced dead a short time later. He has not yet been publicly identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire department said the cause of the fire was the failure of the battery, which ignited while it was plugged into a wall outlet. The crews were able to contain the fire quickly enough that there was little damage to the structure, and it didn’t spread outside of the apartment where the bike was stored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fielding said that when lithium-ion batteries fail or catch fire, they do so with little to no warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire spreads very rapidly and produces a very large amount of toxic smoke that spreads very quickly,” he said. ”It can overwhelm victims very quickly and can also make it very, very difficult to escape the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of toxic chemicals in them, a lot of heavy metals, a lot of different chemicals in that smoke that is very, very much different than traditional structure-fire smoke, which is what makes them so deadly,” he said.[aside postID=news_12070694 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250805-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-1.jpg']Lithium-ion batteries power many consumer products, from cell phones to vacuum cleaners, as well as electric vehicles, and the e-bike market is a fast-growing one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battery packs for e-bikes are much larger than those for personal electronics, and they are exposed to the elements more. Bicycle advocates and fire officials have raised concerns about regulations on manufacturing standards, user modifications to enhance speed or power and the risk of damage to the batteries from impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fielding said if e-bike users notice a battery beginning to show signs that it might be damaged, like an odor, bulging shape, or if it is starting to smoke, and they have time, they can take it outside to avoid a fire in a living space. But more often, he said, firefighters recommend simply evacuating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Try and enclose that living space and get out. Your life is not worth any property, so close that living place, shut all the doors, get out and call 911. It’s the best advice,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been an estimated 198,000 lithium-ion battery fires in structures since 2011, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/publications/understanding-risk-lithium-ion-battery-fires-multi-source-data-analysis\">analysis\u003c/a> of multiple data sources on such incidents by the National Institute of Standards and Technology last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer-level lithium-ion battery fires appear to be growing at a rate of about 10% per year, the analysis said. Fires starting with e-bikes and micromobility devices “are among the leading causes of home-related lithium-ion battery fires, especially in urban areas,” the analysis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12078945\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1066px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12078945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1066\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-2_qed.jpg 1066w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-2_qed-160x200.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1066px) 100vw, 1066px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José Fire Department shared this photo of an e-bike that ignited causing a fire at an apartment on Friday, April 3, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San José Fire Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fielding and biking advocates said following some simple steps can help avoid a fire in the first place, including only charging e-bike batteries under supervision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When a lithium e-bike battery is plugged in for too long, it can get overheated and for a variety of reasons, it can catch on fire. Not leaving your battery plugged in overnight is key, and then keeping an eye on it while it’s charging is very important,” said Jared Sanchez, the policy director at the nonprofit California Bicycle Coalition, known as CalBike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, California passed SB 1271, a law that went into effect this year and requires all e-bikes sold in the state to include batteries that meet certain standards based on lab testing. But Sanchez said it’s still important to verify that an e-bike a rider is considering buying or renting meets and displays those certifications, and to use manufacturer parts if anything needs to be replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we often see, most battery fires are in unregulated or aftermarket products that will often be more likely to catch fire than the certified ones,” he said. “Make sure the battery is designed for the motor for your particular bike. Extension cords have been linked to battery fires, so always plug in your battery charger directly into an outlet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a fire sparked by a lithium-ion battery displaced dozens of residents of an apartment building in the Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco, lawmakers there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078969/sf-legislation-aims-to-crack-down-on-uncertified-batteries-as-fires-grow-more-common\">considering legislation\u003c/a> to outlaw uncertified batteries and devices in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A good way for cyclists to ensure they are purchasing a quality product is to buy directly from a reputable bike store or dealer. They will be required to follow the laws around battery certification, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re concerned about making the right choices, you can also seek help or advice from local organizations, like the Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition, which offers an “\u003ca href=\"https://bikesiliconvalley.org/learn-ride/learn\">E-Bike Basics\u003c/a>” class in San Mateo and Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we see e-bikes really surge in popularity, it’s so important that people know what they’re buying so that they can use this transportation tool that really does have the power to be transformative safely and effectively and never put themselves in harm’s way,” said Amy Thomson, the policy director at Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051118\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An electric bicycle sits on display at Tam Bikes in Mill Valley on July 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She said the class helps people understand what they’re buying, including whether the products have the proper \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12070694/these-bay-area-researchers-say-the-e-bike-problem-may-be-an-e-moto-problem\">power levels\u003c/a>. Many products on the market have motors with too much power and too high a top speed — above 28 miles per hour — to be classified as an e-bike in California. Instead, experts say those devices are more akin to an e-motorcycle or an e-moped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of options out there, and not all of them are legitimate. We see e-devices called e-bikes when they are not legal e-bikes. And you run the same risk with the battery that’s inside the bike,” Thomson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomson said that because an e-bike can be plugged in, some consumers might think it can be treated like any rechargeable home item.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a transportation tool. It’s a powerful device, and that brings us really great mobility in terms of getting places more comfortably, in terms of carrying heavy objects or putting children on the back,” she said. “But that does require more powerful batteries, and so it is necessary to know what you’re buying and take a look at the instructions on how to charge it, how to take care of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Fire officials and bike advocates are warning people to take precautions when buying, charging and storing \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/e-bikes\">e-bikes\u003c/a> following the death of a man who tried to extinguish a battery fire in the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/south-bay\">South Bay\u003c/a> last week.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the popularity of e-bikes grows, so does the risk of fires from damaged, failing or lower-quality battery packs that power them. Taking safety measures, such as never leaving an e-bike charging unattended, can help reduce the likelihood of a fire, injuries or death if the batteries do ignite, officials said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All across the country, we’re seeing a rapid increase in lithium-ion battery fires,” San José Fire Department Battalion Chief Jeff Fielding said Monday during a news conference. “It is becoming a much more common problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Around 8:30 a.m. on Friday, fire officials received reports of a fire in an apartment on Norwalk Drive in West San José. Firefighters arrived to find one person collapsed in a hallway, and another who had escaped the fire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the incident report from SJFD, a woman who lived in the apartment told fire investigators she heard “buzzing and popping” coming from the e-bike, and it immediately caught fire, looking like “it had fireworks coming from it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The woman ran to the balcony, while a man came out of a bedroom and tried to extinguish the fire amid thick smoke. The man went out to the balcony briefly, as he was struggling to breathe, then went back in to attempt to control the fire before going to the hallway, where he collapsed, officials and the report said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12078946\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1770px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12078946\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1770\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed.jpg 1770w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-1_qed-1536x1157.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1770px) 100vw, 1770px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Battalion Chief Jeff Fielding of the San José Fire Department speaks about an e-bike fire during a press conference on April 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Joseph Geha/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A neighbor ran to the balcony to rescue the woman, and then performed CPR on the man, who was taken by paramedics to a hospital, where he was pronounced dead a short time later. He has not yet been publicly identified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The fire department said the cause of the fire was the failure of the battery, which ignited while it was plugged into a wall outlet. The crews were able to contain the fire quickly enough that there was little damage to the structure, and it didn’t spread outside of the apartment where the bike was stored.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fielding said that when lithium-ion batteries fail or catch fire, they do so with little to no warning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fire spreads very rapidly and produces a very large amount of toxic smoke that spreads very quickly,” he said. ”It can overwhelm victims very quickly and can also make it very, very difficult to escape the fire.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a lot of toxic chemicals in them, a lot of heavy metals, a lot of different chemicals in that smoke that is very, very much different than traditional structure-fire smoke, which is what makes them so deadly,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Lithium-ion batteries power many consumer products, from cell phones to vacuum cleaners, as well as electric vehicles, and the e-bike market is a fast-growing one.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battery packs for e-bikes are much larger than those for personal electronics, and they are exposed to the elements more. Bicycle advocates and fire officials have raised concerns about regulations on manufacturing standards, user modifications to enhance speed or power and the risk of damage to the batteries from impacts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fielding said if e-bike users notice a battery beginning to show signs that it might be damaged, like an odor, bulging shape, or if it is starting to smoke, and they have time, they can take it outside to avoid a fire in a living space. But more often, he said, firefighters recommend simply evacuating.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Try and enclose that living space and get out. Your life is not worth any property, so close that living place, shut all the doors, get out and call 911. It’s the best advice,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There have been an estimated 198,000 lithium-ion battery fires in structures since 2011, according to an \u003ca href=\"https://www.nist.gov/publications/understanding-risk-lithium-ion-battery-fires-multi-source-data-analysis\">analysis\u003c/a> of multiple data sources on such incidents by the National Institute of Standards and Technology last month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consumer-level lithium-ion battery fires appear to be growing at a rate of about 10% per year, the analysis said. Fires starting with e-bikes and micromobility devices “are among the leading causes of home-related lithium-ion battery fires, especially in urban areas,” the analysis said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12078945\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 1066px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12078945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-2_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1066\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-2_qed.jpg 1066w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/04/260406-EBIKEFIRE-KQED-2_qed-160x200.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1066px) 100vw, 1066px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San José Fire Department shared this photo of an e-bike that ignited causing a fire at an apartment on Friday, April 3, 2026. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of San José Fire Department)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Fielding and biking advocates said following some simple steps can help avoid a fire in the first place, including only charging e-bike batteries under supervision.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When a lithium e-bike battery is plugged in for too long, it can get overheated and for a variety of reasons, it can catch on fire. Not leaving your battery plugged in overnight is key, and then keeping an eye on it while it’s charging is very important,” said Jared Sanchez, the policy director at the nonprofit California Bicycle Coalition, known as CalBike.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2024, California passed SB 1271, a law that went into effect this year and requires all e-bikes sold in the state to include batteries that meet certain standards based on lab testing. But Sanchez said it’s still important to verify that an e-bike a rider is considering buying or renting meets and displays those certifications, and to use manufacturer parts if anything needs to be replaced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we often see, most battery fires are in unregulated or aftermarket products that will often be more likely to catch fire than the certified ones,” he said. “Make sure the battery is designed for the motor for your particular bike. Extension cords have been linked to battery fires, so always plug in your battery charger directly into an outlet.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After a fire sparked by a lithium-ion battery displaced dozens of residents of an apartment building in the Tenderloin neighborhood of San Francisco, lawmakers there are \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12078969/sf-legislation-aims-to-crack-down-on-uncertified-batteries-as-fires-grow-more-common\">considering legislation\u003c/a> to outlaw uncertified batteries and devices in the city.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A good way for cyclists to ensure they are purchasing a quality product is to buy directly from a reputable bike store or dealer. They will be required to follow the laws around battery certification, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you’re concerned about making the right choices, you can also seek help or advice from local organizations, like the Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition, which offers an “\u003ca href=\"https://bikesiliconvalley.org/learn-ride/learn\">E-Bike Basics\u003c/a>” class in San Mateo and Santa Clara counties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As we see e-bikes really surge in popularity, it’s so important that people know what they’re buying so that they can use this transportation tool that really does have the power to be transformative safely and effectively and never put themselves in harm’s way,” said Amy Thomson, the policy director at Silicon Valley Bicycle Coalition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051118\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051118\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250729-MARINEBIKES-03-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An electric bicycle sits on display at Tam Bikes in Mill Valley on July 29, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>She said the class helps people understand what they’re buying, including whether the products have the proper \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12070694/these-bay-area-researchers-say-the-e-bike-problem-may-be-an-e-moto-problem\">power levels\u003c/a>. Many products on the market have motors with too much power and too high a top speed — above 28 miles per hour — to be classified as an e-bike in California. Instead, experts say those devices are more akin to an e-motorcycle or an e-moped.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are a lot of options out there, and not all of them are legitimate. We see e-devices called e-bikes when they are not legal e-bikes. And you run the same risk with the battery that’s inside the bike,” Thomson said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Thomson said that because an e-bike can be plugged in, some consumers might think it can be treated like any rechargeable home item.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a transportation tool. It’s a powerful device, and that brings us really great mobility in terms of getting places more comfortably, in terms of carrying heavy objects or putting children on the back,” she said. “But that does require more powerful batteries, and so it is necessary to know what you’re buying and take a look at the instructions on how to charge it, how to take care of it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Friday, February 7, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After three straight years of growth, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2025/02/electric-car-sales-stall-california/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rate at which Californians are buying electric vehicles\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is flattening. That’s according to data from the California Energy Commission. Slowing demand for EVs could be a big barrier to California reaching its ambitious EV goals.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A major lithium project in Imperial County \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2025/02/06/imperial-valleys-first-lithium-project-moving-forward-again-after-court-denies-legal-challenge\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">is moving forward again\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, after a judge rejected a legal challenge by two environmental justice groups.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does the state of California stop many of its residents from spelling and pronouncing their names correctly? It does. Because in California, diacritical marks can’t be used to spell names on many official documents. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"entry-title \">\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2025/02/electric-car-sales-stall-california/\">California’s Surge In EV Sales Has Stalled — So What Happens To Its Landmark Mandate?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s push to electrify its cars is facing a potentially serious problem: People aren’t buying electric cars fast enough. After three straight years of strong growth, sales have stabilized in California, raising questions about whether the state will fail to meet its groundbreaking mandate banning sales of gas-powered vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a quarter — 25.3% — of all new cars registered in California in 2024 were zero emissions, just slightly more than 25% in 2023, according to new California Energy Commission data. The flat sales follow several years of rapid growth — in 2020, only one in 13 cars sold was zero-emissions. Their share of California’s market is now three times larger than four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the slowed pace of growth in the market puts the state’s climate and air pollution goals at risk. Under California’s mandate, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/08/electric-cars-california-to-phase-out-gas-cars/\">approved in 2022\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/california-moves-accelerate-100-new-zero-emission-vehicle-sales-2035\">35% of new 2026 car models sold\u003c/a> by automakers must be zero emissions. That leaves considerable ground to make up as some 2026 models begin rolling out later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ArticlePage-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2025/02/06/imperial-valleys-first-lithium-project-moving-forward-again-after-court-denies-legal-challenge\">\u003cstrong>Imperial Valley’s First Lithium Project Moving Forward Again\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Development of a major lithium project in northern Imperial County is lurching ahead after a county judge threw out a lawsuit that had frozen construction for close to a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The planned \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.cthermal.com/projects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>Hell’s Kitchen Project\u003c/u>\u003c/a> would be the region’s first operational commercial lithium extraction plant. Situated near the Salton Sea, it aims to collect dissolved particles of the valuable mineral from searing hot water deep below the valley and is being built by the privately-held energy firm Controlled Thermal Resources, or CTR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit that blocked it was brought early last year by two environmental justice groups, \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://ccvhealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>Comite Civico del Valle\u003c/u>\u003c/a> and \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://earthworks.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>Earthworks\u003c/u>\u003c/a>. They accused Imperial County officials of rushing their environmental analysis of the plant and underestimating its future impacts on the region’s water, air and tribal cultural resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Why California Doesn’t Allow Accent Marks On Official Documents\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Does your name \u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2023/04/12/california-doesnt-allow-accent-marks-on-official-documents-like-ids-and-birth-certificates-proposed-bill-could-change-that/\">have a hyphens or accent mark\u003c/a> that isn’t reflected on your California driver’s license or birth certificate? This is the norm in the Golden State, which doesn’t allow accents or hyphens in official documents. However, \u003ca href=\"https://a64.asmdc.org/press-releases/20241203-assemblywoman-pacheco-proposes-legislation-allow-californians-include\">a proposed bill\u003c/a> would allow residents to change their names to include diacritical marks — like accents and tildes — on government documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Blanca Pacheco of Downey is proposing the legislation. “I thought it was strange. And given that my parents are immigrants, I thought it was always important to have an understanding of your culture and appreciate your culture and being able to say your name correctly,” she said. “And spelling correctly is extremely important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 64, the Identity Integrity Act, would allow for residents of California to include accents, umlauts, tildes and other diacritical marks on vital records, such as birth certificates, death certificates, and marriage licenses.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "The news calls into question whether California can achieve its ambitious climate goals.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Friday, February 7, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">After three straight years of growth, the \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2025/02/electric-car-sales-stall-california/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">rate at which Californians are buying electric vehicles\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> is flattening. That’s according to data from the California Energy Commission. Slowing demand for EVs could be a big barrier to California reaching its ambitious EV goals.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A major lithium project in Imperial County \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2025/02/06/imperial-valleys-first-lithium-project-moving-forward-again-after-court-denies-legal-challenge\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">is moving forward again\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, after a judge rejected a legal challenge by two environmental justice groups.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Does the state of California stop many of its residents from spelling and pronouncing their names correctly? It does. Because in California, diacritical marks can’t be used to spell names on many official documents. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"entry-title \">\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/climate-change/2025/02/electric-car-sales-stall-california/\">California’s Surge In EV Sales Has Stalled — So What Happens To Its Landmark Mandate?\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California’s push to electrify its cars is facing a potentially serious problem: People aren’t buying electric cars fast enough. After three straight years of strong growth, sales have stabilized in California, raising questions about whether the state will fail to meet its groundbreaking mandate banning sales of gas-powered vehicles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>About a quarter — 25.3% — of all new cars registered in California in 2024 were zero emissions, just slightly more than 25% in 2023, according to new California Energy Commission data. The flat sales follow several years of rapid growth — in 2020, only one in 13 cars sold was zero-emissions. Their share of California’s market is now three times larger than four years ago.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the slowed pace of growth in the market puts the state’s climate and air pollution goals at risk. Under California’s mandate, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2022/08/electric-cars-california-to-phase-out-gas-cars/\">approved in 2022\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/news/california-moves-accelerate-100-new-zero-emission-vehicle-sales-2035\">35% of new 2026 car models sold\u003c/a> by automakers must be zero emissions. That leaves considerable ground to make up as some 2026 models begin rolling out later this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"ArticlePage-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kpbs.org/news/environment/2025/02/06/imperial-valleys-first-lithium-project-moving-forward-again-after-court-denies-legal-challenge\">\u003cstrong>Imperial Valley’s First Lithium Project Moving Forward Again\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Development of a major lithium project in northern Imperial County is lurching ahead after a county judge threw out a lawsuit that had frozen construction for close to a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The planned \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.cthermal.com/projects\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>Hell’s Kitchen Project\u003c/u>\u003c/a> would be the region’s first operational commercial lithium extraction plant. Situated near the Salton Sea, it aims to collect dissolved particles of the valuable mineral from searing hot water deep below the valley and is being built by the privately-held energy firm Controlled Thermal Resources, or CTR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit that blocked it was brought early last year by two environmental justice groups, \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://ccvhealth.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>Comite Civico del Valle\u003c/u>\u003c/a> and \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://earthworks.org/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>Earthworks\u003c/u>\u003c/a>. They accused Imperial County officials of rushing their environmental analysis of the plant and underestimating its future impacts on the region’s water, air and tribal cultural resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Why California Doesn’t Allow Accent Marks On Official Documents\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Does your name \u003ca href=\"https://www.capradio.org/articles/2023/04/12/california-doesnt-allow-accent-marks-on-official-documents-like-ids-and-birth-certificates-proposed-bill-could-change-that/\">have a hyphens or accent mark\u003c/a> that isn’t reflected on your California driver’s license or birth certificate? This is the norm in the Golden State, which doesn’t allow accents or hyphens in official documents. However, \u003ca href=\"https://a64.asmdc.org/press-releases/20241203-assemblywoman-pacheco-proposes-legislation-allow-californians-include\">a proposed bill\u003c/a> would allow residents to change their names to include diacritical marks — like accents and tildes — on government documents.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Blanca Pacheco of Downey is proposing the legislation. “I thought it was strange. And given that my parents are immigrants, I thought it was always important to have an understanding of your culture and appreciate your culture and being able to say your name correctly,” she said. “And spelling correctly is extremely important.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>AB 64, the Identity Integrity Act, would allow for residents of California to include accents, umlauts, tildes and other diacritical marks on vital records, such as birth certificates, death certificates, and marriage licenses.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Lithium Could Revolutionize Imperial Valley, Locals Want in",
"headTitle": "Lithium Could Revolutionize Imperial Valley, Locals Want in | KQED",
"content": "\u003cp>Before Raul Flores held “white gold” in his fingertips, he’d tried his hand at other Imperial Valley jobs. He worked as a correction officer in the state prison, he grew medjool dates on ten acres of land, and he eventually landed a job at the geothermal plants around the Salton Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he got wind that under his feet lay enough lithium to supply roughly a third of the world’s demand, and he knew that was a game changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lithium equals future,” said Flores, holding a gleaming chunk of lithium chloride between his fingertips so his classmates could get a better look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crystal in his hands made concrete something that has eluded him and the other students, all part of Imperial Valley College’s inaugural class of aspiring lithium industry workers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The promise of a better future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 49ers football jersey Flores wore harkened back to another era when people pinned their hopes and dreams on minerals in the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could this be the next gold rush?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key metal in batteries that power electric cars and computers, lithium has spiked in value over the last decade as global demand for the “white gold” has skyrocketed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massive, untapped repository in Imperial Valley — worth $500 billion by some estimates — could help make the United States a new — and key — player in the industry worldwide. That’s because almost all of the world’s supply is mined and refined abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chile sits on the majority of the world’s untapped reserves, mines in Australia provide more than half of the world’s supply, and China produces over half of the world’s batteries. The U.S. is barely on the chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Imperial Valley, companies running geothermal power plants on the Salton Sea have known for years that the brine they’ve been pumping from reservoirs deep in the ground contains lithium, but the technology to extract it and the demand haven’t existed until recently. Today, both exist. Almost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EnergySource Minerals has greenlit its commercial lithium project ATLiS, aiming to start production by 2026, and Controlled Thermal Resources and CalEnergy, a subsidiary of Warren Buffett’s BHE Renewables, are racing to the starting line as well, each developing its own method for cost-effective extraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Lennor M. Johnson, president, Imperial Valley College\"]‘Lithium is one component. Expansion is going to be very necessary and crucial, which is going to just really put Imperial County on the map.’[/pullquote]With investment trickling in, momentum is building, but it’s still unclear when the promised results will materialize. Nevertheless, stakeholders in the Imperial Valley are getting ready to reap the benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efrain Silva, the Imperial Valley College’s dean of economic and workforce development, launched the certificate program to train students for jobs in the lithium industry on a bit of a wager. Will the industry kick-in by the time the first class graduates next spring? Having the key companies on speed dial and collaborating with them on the curriculum, Silva says he would not have started the program if the projection for jobs wasn’t there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968366\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11.jpg\" alt=\"A man puts his hands around pumps surrounded by people/\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafael Serrano works with students to calibrate a model pump on Oct. 5, 2023. Students learn the math and how to apply it to real world situations. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another more recent player has also amped up hopes: Statevolt, a battery producer, has announced plans to build out a battery factory in the valley to be operational by 2025. The company says it will be one of the largest in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battery manufacturing would be a logical and beneficial industry to grow alongside lithium extraction in the valley, said Imperial County Supervisor Ryan E. Kelley. It would bring more jobs for locals to the region while also reducing the distance in the supply chain. Currently, the production line from mineral extraction to battery making often crosses several national boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why can’t it be refined and turned into cathodes and anodes and batteries right here?” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Projections and international attention aside, not all community members of Imperial Valley see dollar signs and solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wouldn’t be the first time the valley has hosted an alternative energy venture that dashed hopes for transformative impacts. Solar and wind have come into the valley and neither has delivered an abundance of sustained jobs, let alone addressed the larger inequities locals experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider: Imperial County has the highest unemployment rate in California at almost 15%. The median household income is $49,000 — less than the state average by $35,000 — and more than a quarter of children live in poverty. The county also is an outlier when it comes to a number of health indicators, including high rates of diabetes, liver disease and drug-induced deaths. Doctors are also studying causes for high rates of pediatric asthma symptoms, especially for residents living closer to the Salton Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community leaders have pointed out that industry in the valley has a history of being largely extractive, producing large profit with little feeding back to the communities bearing the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why would it be different this time? The believe-it-when-we-see-it sentiment runs consistently through the towns of Imperial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reverend John Freeman, of the African Methodist Episcopal Chapel in El Centro, says he hopes that any company that is going to be exporting resources gives back to the community, especially to local youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t have any opportunities, they’re gonna run from this place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Much at stake in lithium’s development\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But this time local stakeholders say all the right ingredients are in place, and that’s given them a sense of agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that we were just happy to be asked to go to the dance,” Supervisor Kelley said. “And now, we are actually being more selective about who we’re going to dance with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has meant knowing what’s at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on current costs and estimates, Imperial County holds more than $500 billion in lithium, and demand is projected to grow fivefold by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year Gov. Gavin Newsom declared that all new car sales in California will be zero-emission vehicles by 2035. With the potential of supplying a substantial portion of estimated global lithium needs, Imperial Valley could be sitting in a transformative position — so much so that some now refer to it as Lithium Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom went so far as to call it the “Saudi Arabia of lithium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major oil industry investors have since begun to funnel money to Imperial lithium ventures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As companies race to develop cost-effective and safe technology to turn brine into “white gold,” they do so amid questions of whether they — like many other ventures around the world — will do so at the expense of the local communities. Or will they mitigate environmental impacts and give back in jobs, potentially shaping a new narrative?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968370\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28.jpg\" alt=\"An opened notebook showing an illustration and writing.\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rose Fernandez takes meticulous notes to remember all the proper names of the parts of a pump on Oct. 5, 2023. Fernandez already works in the industry, but now she is getting the theory behind the practice. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1.jpg\" alt='A sign that reads \"Vulcan Plant\" with a factory and steam rising in the background.' width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steam rises over the CalEnergy geothermal plants run by Warren Buffet’s Berkshire Hathaway Oct. 5, 2023. Lithium is to be derived from the hot geothermal brine that runs through the pumps to produce energy. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Open pit mining and harvesting lithium from evaporation pools use hazardous chemicals such as hydrochloric acid as well as an exorbitant amount of water and have been known to deplete and contaminate groundwater, disrupt sensitive ecosystems, and in turn, harm local populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Imperial Valley, some community members see lithium mining as potentially exacerbating the community’s health problems, which endure while residents continue to grapple with\u003ca href=\"https://pacinst.org/salton-sea/#:~:text=The%20Sea%20faces%20a%20host,efforts%20to%20address%20that%20change.\"> environmental hazards stemming from the Salton Sea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trying to build local support, the lithium companies have held numerous public meetings where they discuss benefits they plan to give back to the community. They’re also explaining their “direct lithium extraction” methods, currently in development, and pitching them as safer to the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DLE process makes use of existing geothermal plants, which pump very hot brine to the surface to generate electricity and then pump the remaining brine back into the earth. DLE adds the step of mixing the brine with chemicals to extract the lithium, reducing the waste to something called filter cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies allege DLE is much less harmful to the environment, and it is, according to some preliminary studies. But with how new the technology is, long-term impacts are yet to be known.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lithium dreams for locals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As Imperial Valley communities prepare for the lithium future there, the promise of jobs remains a shifting target, and fault lines and new alliances have emerged among local stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imperial Valley College President Lennor M. Johnson says the lithium industry’s development could trigger transformative growth not just in the industries that use lithium in manufacturing but also in the expansion of jobs and services necessary to accommodate that growth. He sees housing, hotels, schools, entertainment centers and malls as part of that growth — all amenities that could make the Imperial Valley a place where younger people see a future for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can truly envision that Imperial County is going to look something like Temecula in the next five, ten years,” Johnson said, referring to the rural community north of San Diego that went through a similar transformation over the last several years. For Temecula, it was the promise of affordable housing that expedited growth. For Imperial County, housing would be just one part of the equation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lithium is one component,” Johnson said. “Expansion is going to be very necessary and crucial, which is going to just really put Imperial County on the map.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stakeholders, investors and community members have been discussing the viability of the industry in Imperial Valley for several years. Planning entities, such as the Lithium Valley Commission, were set up to facilitate conversation among the numerous interested and skeptical parties. The process has not been smooth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one, representation has been an issue. Both the\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24101288-tn247499_20221116t155706_quechan-indian-tribe-comments-on-lithium-valley-commission-draft-report-1\"> Quechan Indian Tribe\u003c/a> and the\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24119095-tn247100_20221028t144827_torres-martinez-desert-cahuilla-indians-comments-follow-up-on-january-21s\"> Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians\u003c/a> raised numerous issues, including concerns over ancestral lands and being invited to the table later than others. And when community members and representatives suggested that lithium should be taxed and the funds be distributed to frontline communities, tensions flared between pro-tax and pro-industry interest groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approved last year,\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/taxes-and-fees/lithium-extraction-excise-tax.htm\"> the tax\u003c/a> calls for producers to pay monthly in the hundreds of dollars per metric ton of extracted lithium, depending on the size of the operation. The money is slated for Salton Sea restoration projects, community projects at or around the sea and the counties impacted by lithium extraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much communities will see is anyone’s guess — the money won’t be collected until commercial production begins. In one estimate, EnergySource Minerals CEO Eric Spomer said that over the next 30 years, the company alone anticipates delivering $720 million in taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Reyes and Isabel Solis of Los Amigos de la Comunidad are among the advocates insisting that communities impacted get their fair share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the beginning, the community has been very wary,” Reyes said. “People have come in to use our resources and made billions of dollars through the years, and our community stays generally poor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investment in education locally has fueled hopes that the lithium industry will greatly benefit the community. The state gave $80 million alone to build a STEM building on San Diego State University’s Imperial Valley campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imperial Valley College acted even faster, forging relationships with the lithium companies to create their certificate program. Silva aims to grow the program into IVC’s first-ever bachelor’s degree, a particularly meaningful goal in a region with limited access to higher education. He also has additional lithium programs on his roadmap as demand grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a dark blue shirt stands inside a room with a cross and plant in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rose Fernandez poses at her home in El Centro on Oct. 15, 2023. Though she is a single mother with four kids and a full-time job, she went back to school with hopes of earning a better salary. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IVC program convinced students like Rose Fernandez to return to school despite it adding to her already full plate as a single mom of four children, working full time at EnergySource Minerals for minimum wage. She says she’s thankful for the job that she found through a temp agency, especially for the benefits, but it’s still hard to make ends meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When EnergySource Minerals launches its commercial lithium operation, called ATLiS, Fernandez wants to be ready for opportunities that need her advanced skills and pay more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re going to be able to say, hey, I got my certificate,” Fernandez said. “I got education, and that’s what employers look for — education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silva says he’s heard lithium could create up to 2,500 jobs in Imperial Valley but thinks it may be less. Companies have their own estimates, which vary. ATLiS aims to have 71 new jobs at its lithium venture set to produce commercial lithium in 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spomer, the EnergySource Minerals CEO, told inewsource that they “‘anticipate a vast majority of the direct jobs created by ESM to be filled locally,” and that they expect to hire plant operators during construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Our class, Our Lithium\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The plant operator’s class feels like the deck of a ship crewed by an eclectic and storied bunch, full of jokes and candor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be in part due to the professor. It’s Rafael Serrano’s first time teaching, but he has worked with pumps and engines since he joined the Navy at 19. Afterward, he worked for the Imperial Irrigation District as well as energy companies in the valley — when it comes to the trade, he doesn’t lack experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968452\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 924px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968452\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM.png\" alt=\"A man wearing goggles and a blue shirt holds up a bottle of liquid in one hand with the other bottle held to his chest.\" width=\"924\" height=\"1384\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM.png 924w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM-800x1198.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM-160x240.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafael Serrano holds the brine (left) from which lithium (right) is extracted on Oct. 5, 2023. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for teaching, he said his wife told him “It’s one of those things where there is no manual.” So Serrano gives ample room for the students to show up with all their character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The class is learning how to safely and smoothly run a pump system. They learn on a miniature version of pump systems at the geothermal plants lining the Salton Sea. When the pump is on and it sounds like it’s off, that’s one sign the students calibrated it right — no vibrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serrano teaches two cohorts, a total of 59 students, including five women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez is among the five and says there are opportunities for women in the field, but “they have to think that it’s not just for men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the students, jobs in the lithium industry promise a new way of making ends meet and perhaps something that could significantly change their way of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pest control specialist now studying lithium extraction, Dylan Charles has been leafing through books about lithium for years. He was taken aback when he started “hearing rumblings” about the valley having potential to drive U.S. domestic lithium production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a huge development,” Charles said. “I don’t think a lot of people realize just how big that is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wallace Phillips sees the industry as something that could hold families together. The retired El Centro traffic signal operator says his own children left the valley for lack of economic opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips is hopeful for the future but also holds on to his skepticism. When he saw two congressmen at a community meeting in nearby Calipatria, a community on the front line of the geothermal plants, he thought “‘it’s a little late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went down the list of problems they should solve if they really mean to help, from access to healthcare to the toxic Salton Sea. Those problems didn’t emerge recently, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he turned bright the moment he looked back toward the model pump and recalled the feeling of when he and his classmates calibrated it to a silent hum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s great when you feel like you’re part of something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968368\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a sleeveless shirt sits in a pew at a church.\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wallace Phillips looks back at his congregation after sharing some of his experience returning to school at the age of 64 at the Johnson Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church on Oct. 15, 2023. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Vast lithium stores deep under the Salton Sea in Southern California are worth $500 billion. Companies racing to tap into them promise jobs as locals hope for the region’s transformation.",
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"description": "Vast lithium stores deep under the Salton Sea in Southern California are worth $500 billion. Companies racing to tap into them promise jobs as locals hope for the region’s transformation.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Before Raul Flores held “white gold” in his fingertips, he’d tried his hand at other Imperial Valley jobs. He worked as a correction officer in the state prison, he grew medjool dates on ten acres of land, and he eventually landed a job at the geothermal plants around the Salton Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then he got wind that under his feet lay enough lithium to supply roughly a third of the world’s demand, and he knew that was a game changer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lithium equals future,” said Flores, holding a gleaming chunk of lithium chloride between his fingertips so his classmates could get a better look.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The crystal in his hands made concrete something that has eluded him and the other students, all part of Imperial Valley College’s inaugural class of aspiring lithium industry workers:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The promise of a better future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The 49ers football jersey Flores wore harkened back to another era when people pinned their hopes and dreams on minerals in the earth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Could this be the next gold rush?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key metal in batteries that power electric cars and computers, lithium has spiked in value over the last decade as global demand for the “white gold” has skyrocketed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The massive, untapped repository in Imperial Valley — worth $500 billion by some estimates — could help make the United States a new — and key — player in the industry worldwide. That’s because almost all of the world’s supply is mined and refined abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chile sits on the majority of the world’s untapped reserves, mines in Australia provide more than half of the world’s supply, and China produces over half of the world’s batteries. The U.S. is barely on the chart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the Imperial Valley, companies running geothermal power plants on the Salton Sea have known for years that the brine they’ve been pumping from reservoirs deep in the ground contains lithium, but the technology to extract it and the demand haven’t existed until recently. Today, both exist. Almost.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>EnergySource Minerals has greenlit its commercial lithium project ATLiS, aiming to start production by 2026, and Controlled Thermal Resources and CalEnergy, a subsidiary of Warren Buffett’s BHE Renewables, are racing to the starting line as well, each developing its own method for cost-effective extraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "‘Lithium is one component. Expansion is going to be very necessary and crucial, which is going to just really put Imperial County on the map.’",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>With investment trickling in, momentum is building, but it’s still unclear when the promised results will materialize. Nevertheless, stakeholders in the Imperial Valley are getting ready to reap the benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Efrain Silva, the Imperial Valley College’s dean of economic and workforce development, launched the certificate program to train students for jobs in the lithium industry on a bit of a wager. Will the industry kick-in by the time the first class graduates next spring? Having the key companies on speed dial and collaborating with them on the curriculum, Silva says he would not have started the program if the projection for jobs wasn’t there.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968366\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968366\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11.jpg\" alt=\"A man puts his hands around pumps surrounded by people/\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-11-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafael Serrano works with students to calibrate a model pump on Oct. 5, 2023. Students learn the math and how to apply it to real world situations. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Another more recent player has also amped up hopes: Statevolt, a battery producer, has announced plans to build out a battery factory in the valley to be operational by 2025. The company says it will be one of the largest in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Battery manufacturing would be a logical and beneficial industry to grow alongside lithium extraction in the valley, said Imperial County Supervisor Ryan E. Kelley. It would bring more jobs for locals to the region while also reducing the distance in the supply chain. Currently, the production line from mineral extraction to battery making often crosses several national boundaries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Why can’t it be refined and turned into cathodes and anodes and batteries right here?” Kelley said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Projections and international attention aside, not all community members of Imperial Valley see dollar signs and solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It wouldn’t be the first time the valley has hosted an alternative energy venture that dashed hopes for transformative impacts. Solar and wind have come into the valley and neither has delivered an abundance of sustained jobs, let alone addressed the larger inequities locals experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider: Imperial County has the highest unemployment rate in California at almost 15%. The median household income is $49,000 — less than the state average by $35,000 — and more than a quarter of children live in poverty. The county also is an outlier when it comes to a number of health indicators, including high rates of diabetes, liver disease and drug-induced deaths. Doctors are also studying causes for high rates of pediatric asthma symptoms, especially for residents living closer to the Salton Sea.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Community leaders have pointed out that industry in the valley has a history of being largely extractive, producing large profit with little feeding back to the communities bearing the impact.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why would it be different this time? The believe-it-when-we-see-it sentiment runs consistently through the towns of Imperial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reverend John Freeman, of the African Methodist Episcopal Chapel in El Centro, says he hopes that any company that is going to be exporting resources gives back to the community, especially to local youth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If they don’t have any opportunities, they’re gonna run from this place,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Much at stake in lithium’s development\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But this time local stakeholders say all the right ingredients are in place, and that’s given them a sense of agency.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I would say that we were just happy to be asked to go to the dance,” Supervisor Kelley said. “And now, we are actually being more selective about who we’re going to dance with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That has meant knowing what’s at stake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Based on current costs and estimates, Imperial County holds more than $500 billion in lithium, and demand is projected to grow fivefold by 2030.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year Gov. Gavin Newsom declared that all new car sales in California will be zero-emission vehicles by 2035. With the potential of supplying a substantial portion of estimated global lithium needs, Imperial Valley could be sitting in a transformative position — so much so that some now refer to it as Lithium Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom went so far as to call it the “Saudi Arabia of lithium.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Major oil industry investors have since begun to funnel money to Imperial lithium ventures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As companies race to develop cost-effective and safe technology to turn brine into “white gold,” they do so amid questions of whether they — like many other ventures around the world — will do so at the expense of the local communities. Or will they mitigate environmental impacts and give back in jobs, potentially shaping a new narrative?\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968370\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28.jpg\" alt=\"An opened notebook showing an illustration and writing.\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-28-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rose Fernandez takes meticulous notes to remember all the proper names of the parts of a pump on Oct. 5, 2023. Fernandez already works in the industry, but now she is getting the theory behind the practice. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968371\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968371\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1.jpg\" alt='A sign that reads \"Vulcan Plant\" with a factory and steam rising in the background.' width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Steam rises over the CalEnergy geothermal plants run by Warren Buffet’s Berkshire Hathaway Oct. 5, 2023. Lithium is to be derived from the hot geothermal brine that runs through the pumps to produce energy. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Open pit mining and harvesting lithium from evaporation pools use hazardous chemicals such as hydrochloric acid as well as an exorbitant amount of water and have been known to deplete and contaminate groundwater, disrupt sensitive ecosystems, and in turn, harm local populations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Imperial Valley, some community members see lithium mining as potentially exacerbating the community’s health problems, which endure while residents continue to grapple with\u003ca href=\"https://pacinst.org/salton-sea/#:~:text=The%20Sea%20faces%20a%20host,efforts%20to%20address%20that%20change.\"> environmental hazards stemming from the Salton Sea\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trying to build local support, the lithium companies have held numerous public meetings where they discuss benefits they plan to give back to the community. They’re also explaining their “direct lithium extraction” methods, currently in development, and pitching them as safer to the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DLE process makes use of existing geothermal plants, which pump very hot brine to the surface to generate electricity and then pump the remaining brine back into the earth. DLE adds the step of mixing the brine with chemicals to extract the lithium, reducing the waste to something called filter cake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies allege DLE is much less harmful to the environment, and it is, according to some preliminary studies. But with how new the technology is, long-term impacts are yet to be known.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Lithium dreams for locals\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As Imperial Valley communities prepare for the lithium future there, the promise of jobs remains a shifting target, and fault lines and new alliances have emerged among local stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imperial Valley College President Lennor M. Johnson says the lithium industry’s development could trigger transformative growth not just in the industries that use lithium in manufacturing but also in the expansion of jobs and services necessary to accommodate that growth. He sees housing, hotels, schools, entertainment centers and malls as part of that growth — all amenities that could make the Imperial Valley a place where younger people see a future for themselves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can truly envision that Imperial County is going to look something like Temecula in the next five, ten years,” Johnson said, referring to the rural community north of San Diego that went through a similar transformation over the last several years. For Temecula, it was the promise of affordable housing that expedited growth. For Imperial County, housing would be just one part of the equation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Lithium is one component,” Johnson said. “Expansion is going to be very necessary and crucial, which is going to just really put Imperial County on the map.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Stakeholders, investors and community members have been discussing the viability of the industry in Imperial Valley for several years. Planning entities, such as the Lithium Valley Commission, were set up to facilitate conversation among the numerous interested and skeptical parties. The process has not been smooth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For one, representation has been an issue. Both the\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24101288-tn247499_20221116t155706_quechan-indian-tribe-comments-on-lithium-valley-commission-draft-report-1\"> Quechan Indian Tribe\u003c/a> and the\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/24119095-tn247100_20221028t144827_torres-martinez-desert-cahuilla-indians-comments-follow-up-on-january-21s\"> Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians\u003c/a> raised numerous issues, including concerns over ancestral lands and being invited to the table later than others. And when community members and representatives suggested that lithium should be taxed and the funds be distributed to frontline communities, tensions flared between pro-tax and pro-industry interest groups.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Approved last year,\u003ca href=\"https://www.cdtfa.ca.gov/taxes-and-fees/lithium-extraction-excise-tax.htm\"> the tax\u003c/a> calls for producers to pay monthly in the hundreds of dollars per metric ton of extracted lithium, depending on the size of the operation. The money is slated for Salton Sea restoration projects, community projects at or around the sea and the counties impacted by lithium extraction.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>How much communities will see is anyone’s guess — the money won’t be collected until commercial production begins. In one estimate, EnergySource Minerals CEO Eric Spomer said that over the next 30 years, the company alone anticipates delivering $720 million in taxes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eric Reyes and Isabel Solis of Los Amigos de la Comunidad are among the advocates insisting that communities impacted get their fair share.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“From the beginning, the community has been very wary,” Reyes said. “People have come in to use our resources and made billions of dollars through the years, and our community stays generally poor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Investment in education locally has fueled hopes that the lithium industry will greatly benefit the community. The state gave $80 million alone to build a STEM building on San Diego State University’s Imperial Valley campus.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Imperial Valley College acted even faster, forging relationships with the lithium companies to create their certificate program. Silva aims to grow the program into IVC’s first-ever bachelor’s degree, a particularly meaningful goal in a region with limited access to higher education. He also has additional lithium programs on his roadmap as demand grows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968369\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968369\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27.jpg\" alt=\"A woman wearing a dark blue shirt stands inside a room with a cross and plant in the background.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-27-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rose Fernandez poses at her home in El Centro on Oct. 15, 2023. Though she is a single mother with four kids and a full-time job, she went back to school with hopes of earning a better salary. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IVC program convinced students like Rose Fernandez to return to school despite it adding to her already full plate as a single mom of four children, working full time at EnergySource Minerals for minimum wage. She says she’s thankful for the job that she found through a temp agency, especially for the benefits, but it’s still hard to make ends meet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When EnergySource Minerals launches its commercial lithium operation, called ATLiS, Fernandez wants to be ready for opportunities that need her advanced skills and pay more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They’re going to be able to say, hey, I got my certificate,” Fernandez said. “I got education, and that’s what employers look for — education.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Silva says he’s heard lithium could create up to 2,500 jobs in Imperial Valley but thinks it may be less. Companies have their own estimates, which vary. ATLiS aims to have 71 new jobs at its lithium venture set to produce commercial lithium in 2026.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Spomer, the EnergySource Minerals CEO, told inewsource that they “‘anticipate a vast majority of the direct jobs created by ESM to be filled locally,” and that they expect to hire plant operators during construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Our class, Our Lithium\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The plant operator’s class feels like the deck of a ship crewed by an eclectic and storied bunch, full of jokes and candor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That may be in part due to the professor. It’s Rafael Serrano’s first time teaching, but he has worked with pumps and engines since he joined the Navy at 19. Afterward, he worked for the Imperial Irrigation District as well as energy companies in the valley — when it comes to the trade, he doesn’t lack experience.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968452\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 924px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM.png\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968452\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM.png\" alt=\"A man wearing goggles and a blue shirt holds up a bottle of liquid in one hand with the other bottle held to his chest.\" width=\"924\" height=\"1384\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM.png 924w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM-800x1198.png 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/Screenshot-2023-11-28-at-10.17.49-AM-160x240.png 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 924px) 100vw, 924px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Rafael Serrano holds the brine (left) from which lithium (right) is extracted on Oct. 5, 2023. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As for teaching, he said his wife told him “It’s one of those things where there is no manual.” So Serrano gives ample room for the students to show up with all their character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The class is learning how to safely and smoothly run a pump system. They learn on a miniature version of pump systems at the geothermal plants lining the Salton Sea. When the pump is on and it sounds like it’s off, that’s one sign the students calibrated it right — no vibrations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serrano teaches two cohorts, a total of 59 students, including five women.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fernandez is among the five and says there are opportunities for women in the field, but “they have to think that it’s not just for men.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the students, jobs in the lithium industry promise a new way of making ends meet and perhaps something that could significantly change their way of life.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A pest control specialist now studying lithium extraction, Dylan Charles has been leafing through books about lithium for years. He was taken aback when he started “hearing rumblings” about the valley having potential to drive U.S. domestic lithium production.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a huge development,” Charles said. “I don’t think a lot of people realize just how big that is.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wallace Phillips sees the industry as something that could hold families together. The retired El Centro traffic signal operator says his own children left the valley for lack of economic opportunity.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips is hopeful for the future but also holds on to his skepticism. When he saw two congressmen at a community meeting in nearby Calipatria, a community on the front line of the geothermal plants, he thought “‘it’s a little late.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He went down the list of problems they should solve if they really mean to help, from access to healthcare to the toxic Salton Sea. Those problems didn’t emerge recently, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, he turned bright the moment he looked back toward the model pump and recalled the feeling of when he and his classmates calibrated it to a silent hum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s great when you feel like you’re part of something.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11968368\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20.jpg\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11968368\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20.jpg\" alt=\"A man wearing a sleeveless shirt sits in a pew at a church.\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20.jpg 1800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2023/11/imperial_miners-1-20-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wallace Phillips looks back at his congregation after sharing some of his experience returning to school at the age of 64 at the Johnson Chapel Methodist Episcopal Church on Oct. 15, 2023. \u003ccite>(Philip Salata/inewsource)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"meta": {
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"source": "City Arts & Lectures"
},
"link": "https://www.cityarts.net",
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},
"closealltabs": {
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"order": 1
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"title": "Code Switch / Life Kit",
"info": "\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />",
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"id": "commonwealth-club",
"title": "Commonwealth Club of California Podcast",
"info": "The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw",
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"title": "Forum",
"tagline": "The conversation starts here",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal",
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"order": 9
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"meta": {
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},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"hidden-brain": {
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"info": "Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.",
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"airtime": "SUN 7pm-8pm",
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"source": "NPR"
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"how-i-built-this": {
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"airtime": "SUN 7:30pm-8pm",
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"link": "/radio/program/how-i-built-this",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2",
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"hyphenacion": {
"id": "hyphenacion",
"title": "Hyphenación",
"tagline": "Where conversation and cultura meet",
"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"order": 15
},
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"jerrybrown": {
"id": "jerrybrown",
"title": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown",
"tagline": "Lessons from a lifetime in politics",
"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"order": 18
},
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},
"latino-usa": {
"id": "latino-usa",
"title": "Latino USA",
"airtime": "MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm",
"info": "Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "http://latinousa.org/",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory",
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"rss": "https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"
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},
"marketplace": {
"id": "marketplace",
"title": "Marketplace",
"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.marketplace.org/",
"meta": {
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"source": "American Public Media"
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},
"masters-of-scale": {
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"title": "Masters of Scale",
"info": "Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.",
"airtime": "Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)",
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"meta": {
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"rss": "https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"
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},
"mindshift": {
"id": "mindshift",
"title": "MindShift",
"tagline": "A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids",
"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
"imageAlt": "KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn",
"officialWebsiteLink": "/mindshift/",
"meta": {
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"order": 12
},
"link": "/podcasts/mindshift",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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},
"morning-edition": {
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"info": "\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.",
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"onourwatch": {
"id": "onourwatch",
"title": "On Our Watch",
"tagline": "Deeply-reported investigative journalism",
"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"order": 11
},
"link": "/podcasts/onourwatch",
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw",
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},
"on-the-media": {
"id": "on-the-media",
"title": "On The Media",
"info": "Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am",
"imageSrc": "https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png",
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"meta": {
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"source": "wnyc"
},
"link": "/radio/program/on-the-media",
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/",
"rss": "http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"
}
},
"pbs-newshour": {
"id": "pbs-newshour",
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"info": "Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.",
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"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2",
"tuneIn": "https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/",
"rss": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"
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},
"perspectives": {
"id": "perspectives",
"title": "Perspectives",
"tagline": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991",
"info": "KQED's series of daily listener commentaries since 1991.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "/perspectives/",
"meta": {
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"order": 14
},
"link": "/perspectives",
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"npr": "https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives",
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"planet-money": {
"id": "planet-money",
"title": "Planet Money",
"info": "The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.",
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