H-1B Workers Fear Uncertainty After Trump Imposes $100,000 Visa Petition Fee
‘A Big Shock’: How Trump’s $100,000 H-1B Executive Order Unfolded — and What Might Be Next
ICE Is Reversing Termination of Legal Status for International Students Around US, Lawyer Says
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An Immigrant Visa Problem Is Hitting Silicon Valley
Silicon Valley Lawmaker Seeks to Shorten Path to Citizenship for Immigrant Tech Workers
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Trump Suspends Work Visas – and Silicon Valley Isn't Happy
What Silicon Valley Could Lose If Trump Revokes H-1B Spousal Work Visas
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"slug": "silicon-valley-dreams-at-risk-current-h-1bs-sidestep-trumps-100k-fee-for-now",
"title": "H-1B Workers Fear Uncertainty After Trump Imposes $100,000 Visa Petition Fee",
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"content": "\u003cp>The 31-year-old South Bay software engineer was driving home from the office a couple of weeks ago, when a friend called him with the news. President Donald Trump had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057742/h1b-visa-executive-order-trump-green-card-citizenship-september-19\">suddenly announced\u003c/a> his administration would be slapping a $100,000 fee on companies petitioning for H-1B visas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\">effective within a few days\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing behind Trump in the Oval Office, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick seemed to say the fee\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RapidResponse47/status/1969155493701571049\"> would apply annually\u003c/a> to all H-1B holders. Employers scrambled to alert staff abroad to return immediately, before Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/PressSec/status/1969495900478488745\"> walked the chaos back on the social media platform X\u003c/a>: “This is NOT an annual fee. It’s a one-time fee that applies only to the petition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But given the mercurial nature of this president and the chaotic nature of this announcement, there’s no telling if or when the policy will change. Silicon Valley has been well and truly rattled, especially the hundreds of thousands of foreign professionals who\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707255/what-silicon-valley-could-lose-if-trump-revokes-h-1b-spousal-work-visas\"> rely on the program\u003c/a> to live and work in the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You cannot buy a house. You cannot raise a family if there is an uncertainty,” said the software engineer, who requested anonymity because of fears his immigration status could be jeopardized. “I don’t want to be here till the age of 40 or 45, and then this happens, and I have to leave. I won’t be in a situation to restart my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been thinking a lot about risk and how it affects his life plan ever since he arrived in San Jose five and a half years ago on an H-1B visa sponsored by his employer. “Like they say, if you want to become an actor, move to L.A. So if you want to be a great software engineer, probably S.F. and the Valley is where you should be. And yeah, here I am, exploring it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H1=B visa issued Nov. 25, 2020. Hundreds of thousands of foreign professionals rely on the program to live and work in the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Truth be told, his excitement to experience Silicon Valley culture cooled soon after he arrived in the Bay Area. First came the COVID-19 pandemic, which put a crimp in the social vibe he was hoping to experience, as meetups and conferences were canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933511/mass-bay-area-tech-layoffs-thrust-thousands-of-h-1b-visa-holders-into-frantic-job-hunt\"> mass layoffs\u003c/a> in tech, starting in late 2022. He’d moved between companies since he first arrived here, but decided to return to the relatively stable retail giant that sponsored him to begin with, mindful that H-1B visa holders have\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933923/a-frantic-job-hunt-for-h-1b-visa-holders-in-tech\"> up to 60 days\u003c/a> to find new employers to sponsor them if they’re laid off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mumbai native applied for a green card, but knew he was unlikely to receive it\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\"> during his lifetime\u003c/a>. That said, the federal government has updated immigration policy to acknowledge the backlog. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/committee-report/106th-congress/senate-report/260/1\">American Competitiveness in the 21st Century Act\u003c/a> allows for H-1B holders who’ve applied for a green card to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-7-part-e-chapter-5\">maintain their legal status\u003c/a> while they wait. Even before Donald Trump became president again in 2025, the queue for Indian nationals waiting on an employment-based green card had grown impossibly long, due to antiquated caps and increased demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when he first met his wife a couple of years ago, he made sure to ask her on the first date whether she saw herself moving back to India to take care of parents and start a family, as he did. She, too, is on an H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They recently had friends over, and when the talk turned to the visa situation, it struck him that their social circle is filled with people who’ve already given up on the United States, before the latest upset. “They just want some certainty. They cannot predict their future and life based on a visa, which is unpredictable, and it can get revoked anytime,” he said.[aside postID=news_12057742 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2236329361-2000x1333.jpg']Since the H-1B program was introduced as part of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/senate-bill/358\"> Immigration Act of 1990\u003c/a>, the visa has been the primary pathway for Silicon Valley companies to take advantage of foreign talent. Microsoft’s Satya Nadella, Tesla’s Elon Musk, Arista Networks’ Jayshree Ullal and former eBay President Jeffrey Skoll all began their careers on H-1B visas. Meta, Apple, Google, LinkedIn, Cisco and Nvidia are the \u003ca href=\"https://jointventure.org/publications/institute-publications/329-our-shared-economy/2771-acute-local-impacts-silicon-valley-s-concentrated-exposure-to-h-1b-policy\">biggest users in the Bay Area\u003c/a> today. If the region’s employers filed the same \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">number of new petitions as last fiscal year\u003c/a> — about 7,660 applications — the bill would come to roughly $766 million in fees alone, according to \u003ca href=\"https://jointventure.org/publications/institute-publications/329-our-shared-economy/2771-acute-local-impacts-silicon-valley-s-concentrated-exposure-to-h-1b-policy\">Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a wide-ranging\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/blqIZGXWUpU?si=1qvLcRBkN8QzSaEq&t=2622\"> conversation last year\u003c/a> with the four chatty investor-bros who host the “All In” podcast — three of whom were born overseas — then-presidential candidate Trump promised to import more of the best and brightest. “It’s so sad when we lose people from Harvard, MIT, the greatest schools, and lesser schools that are phenomenal also,” Trump said. In his next administration, he said, any foreign student who completes even a two-year degree in the U.S. would get a green card. “You need brilliant people,” he insisted. The co-hosts or “besties,” as they call themselves, agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compare that with the opening line of the White House\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\"> proclamation\u003c/a> two weeks ago that levied a broadside at U.S. immigration policy for the last 35 years. “The H-1B nonimmigrant visa program was created to bring temporary workers into the United States to perform additive, high-skilled functions, but it has been deliberately exploited to replace, rather than supplement, American workers with lower-paid, lower-skilled labor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of my clients are senior technology executives who have lived here for 20 years,” said Sophie Alcorn, who runs\u003ca href=\"https://www.alcorn.law/\"> Alcorn Immigration Law\u003c/a> in Mountain View and writes about immigration for\u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/11/07/dear-sophie-how-can-i-stay-in-the-us-if-ive-been-laid-off/\"> TechCrunch\u003c/a>. She’s talking about clients still on H-1B visas, still waiting on a green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcorn called Trump’s proclamation a “huge affront” to people like her clients, who have diligently played by the complicated and confusing rules the federal government has laid out. “They have advanced degrees from U.S. colleges and universities that they forked out full tuition for. They have spouses. They have U.S. citizen children who were born here. They own homes. They volunteer in the PTA. They donate. They pay taxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, the Trump administration has been challenged in court over the latest changes to the H-1B program. The lawsuit, filed in federal court in the Northern District of California on Friday, was brought by a coalition led by recruitment firm Global Nurse Force. The coalition argues President Trump does not have the power to unilaterally impose a hefty immigration fee without the approval of Congress, and that the sudden regulatory changes violate the Administrative Procedure Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcorn is not surprised. “Immigration lawyers are scratching our heads. We’re trying to figure out exactly what we can do, what we cannot do,” she said. “We don’t even know how we would have our clients pay the $100,000. When will there be a temporary restraining order? Because that could just simply pause all of this for the foreseeable future,” Alcorn said.[aside postID=news_12058090 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/GettyImages-2236330121-2000x1333.jpg']Concern about the growth of H-1B visa abuse is bipartisan, however. Employers as varied as\u003ca href=\"https://insider.govtech.com/california/news/jury-finds-discrimination-in-h-1b-visa-tech-worker-case?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Cognizant\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/disney-defends-lawsuit-immigrants-replacing-894469/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Disney\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/02-25-16%20Hira%20Testimony.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Southern California Edison\u003c/a> have been accused of taking advantage of foreign workers, using them as a cheaper and more compliant labor force. Cognizant was found liable in 2024 in a jury verdict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-tech firms have long pushed for a relaxation of the H-1B visa cap, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet\">85,000 annually since 2006\u003c/a>. Between fiscal years 2017 and 2022, more than 380,000 H-1B petitions were approved in the San Francisco Bay Area alone, according to the\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/#:~:text=Since%20the%20category%20was%20created,H%2D1B%20Registration%20Process\"> American Immigration Council.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a crisis that has been 35 years in the making that a competent Congress would have addressed long ago,” John Miano, a former tech worker who became an attorney to sue over the H-1B program, wrote KQED. “The United States Congress is the only national legislature in the world that has voted to make it explicitly legal to replace citizens with foreign workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even those who hold the H-1B visas acknowledge there’s plenty of room for improvement to guard against the established abuses of the program. The South Bay software engineer said he agrees with Trump’s intentions, but not his methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way he tries executing it is so wrong that cannot be justified, because this process was there in place,” he said. “So you cannot just flip it overnight,” without upending the lives of millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, he noted that the changes are not expected to force companies, which typically pay much of the cost of an H-1B visa, to hire more Americans. Immigration experts and visa holders alike say multinational corporations are likely to replace H-1B visa holders with more workers overseas, at one of their foreign offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for H-1B visa holders, there’s a menu of options. Their current employer might invite them to transfer to one of those far-flung offices. They might move to a country like Canada, China\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/AmbAckermann/status/1970450472642482473\"> or Germany\u003c/a>, which are inviting distressed visa holders with open arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The software engineer, already planning his return to India, might get a job with an American company there, maybe with his current employer, which has a significant presence in the country, albeit in cities other than his hometown. But even if he has to take a less desirable job, even if he has to take a job that pays less, he accepts that might be the cost of doing what he always planned to do eventually: return home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/abandlamudi\">\u003cem>Adhiti Bandlamudi\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The 31-year-old South Bay software engineer was driving home from the office a couple of weeks ago, when a friend called him with the news. President Donald Trump had \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12057742/h1b-visa-executive-order-trump-green-card-citizenship-september-19\">suddenly announced\u003c/a> his administration would be slapping a $100,000 fee on companies petitioning for H-1B visas, \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\">effective within a few days\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Standing behind Trump in the Oval Office, Commerce Secretary Howard Lutnick seemed to say the fee\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/RapidResponse47/status/1969155493701571049\"> would apply annually\u003c/a> to all H-1B holders. Employers scrambled to alert staff abroad to return immediately, before Press Secretary Karoline Leavitt\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/PressSec/status/1969495900478488745\"> walked the chaos back on the social media platform X\u003c/a>: “This is NOT an annual fee. It’s a one-time fee that applies only to the petition.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But given the mercurial nature of this president and the chaotic nature of this announcement, there’s no telling if or when the policy will change. Silicon Valley has been well and truly rattled, especially the hundreds of thousands of foreign professionals who\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707255/what-silicon-valley-could-lose-if-trump-revokes-h-1b-spousal-work-visas\"> rely on the program\u003c/a> to live and work in the San Francisco Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You cannot buy a house. You cannot raise a family if there is an uncertainty,” said the software engineer, who requested anonymity because of fears his immigration status could be jeopardized. “I don’t want to be here till the age of 40 or 45, and then this happens, and I have to leave. I won’t be in a situation to restart my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has been thinking a lot about risk and how it affects his life plan ever since he arrived in San Jose five and a half years ago on an H-1B visa sponsored by his employer. “Like they say, if you want to become an actor, move to L.A. So if you want to be a great software engineer, probably S.F. and the Valley is where you should be. And yeah, here I am, exploring it.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H1=B visa issued Nov. 25, 2020. Hundreds of thousands of foreign professionals rely on the program to live and work in the San Francisco Bay Area. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Truth be told, his excitement to experience Silicon Valley culture cooled soon after he arrived in the Bay Area. First came the COVID-19 pandemic, which put a crimp in the social vibe he was hoping to experience, as meetups and conferences were canceled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then came the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933511/mass-bay-area-tech-layoffs-thrust-thousands-of-h-1b-visa-holders-into-frantic-job-hunt\"> mass layoffs\u003c/a> in tech, starting in late 2022. He’d moved between companies since he first arrived here, but decided to return to the relatively stable retail giant that sponsored him to begin with, mindful that H-1B visa holders have\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11933923/a-frantic-job-hunt-for-h-1b-visa-holders-in-tech\"> up to 60 days\u003c/a> to find new employers to sponsor them if they’re laid off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Mumbai native applied for a green card, but knew he was unlikely to receive it\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11707158/indian-entrepreneurs-with-no-green-cards-pursue-silicon-valley-dreams-elsewhere\"> during his lifetime\u003c/a>. That said, the federal government has updated immigration policy to acknowledge the backlog. The \u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/committee-report/106th-congress/senate-report/260/1\">American Competitiveness in the 21st Century Act\u003c/a> allows for H-1B holders who’ve applied for a green card to \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/policy-manual/volume-7-part-e-chapter-5\">maintain their legal status\u003c/a> while they wait. Even before Donald Trump became president again in 2025, the queue for Indian nationals waiting on an employment-based green card had grown impossibly long, due to antiquated caps and increased demand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So when he first met his wife a couple of years ago, he made sure to ask her on the first date whether she saw herself moving back to India to take care of parents and start a family, as he did. She, too, is on an H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They recently had friends over, and when the talk turned to the visa situation, it struck him that their social circle is filled with people who’ve already given up on the United States, before the latest upset. “They just want some certainty. They cannot predict their future and life based on a visa, which is unpredictable, and it can get revoked anytime,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Since the H-1B program was introduced as part of the\u003ca href=\"https://www.congress.gov/bill/101st-congress/senate-bill/358\"> Immigration Act of 1990\u003c/a>, the visa has been the primary pathway for Silicon Valley companies to take advantage of foreign talent. Microsoft’s Satya Nadella, Tesla’s Elon Musk, Arista Networks’ Jayshree Ullal and former eBay President Jeffrey Skoll all began their careers on H-1B visas. Meta, Apple, Google, LinkedIn, Cisco and Nvidia are the \u003ca href=\"https://jointventure.org/publications/institute-publications/329-our-shared-economy/2771-acute-local-impacts-silicon-valley-s-concentrated-exposure-to-h-1b-policy\">biggest users in the Bay Area\u003c/a> today. If the region’s employers filed the same \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">number of new petitions as last fiscal year\u003c/a> — about 7,660 applications — the bill would come to roughly $766 million in fees alone, according to \u003ca href=\"https://jointventure.org/publications/institute-publications/329-our-shared-economy/2771-acute-local-impacts-silicon-valley-s-concentrated-exposure-to-h-1b-policy\">Joint Venture Silicon Valley\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In a wide-ranging\u003ca href=\"https://youtu.be/blqIZGXWUpU?si=1qvLcRBkN8QzSaEq&t=2622\"> conversation last year\u003c/a> with the four chatty investor-bros who host the “All In” podcast — three of whom were born overseas — then-presidential candidate Trump promised to import more of the best and brightest. “It’s so sad when we lose people from Harvard, MIT, the greatest schools, and lesser schools that are phenomenal also,” Trump said. In his next administration, he said, any foreign student who completes even a two-year degree in the U.S. would get a green card. “You need brilliant people,” he insisted. The co-hosts or “besties,” as they call themselves, agreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Compare that with the opening line of the White House\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\"> proclamation\u003c/a> two weeks ago that levied a broadside at U.S. immigration policy for the last 35 years. “The H-1B nonimmigrant visa program was created to bring temporary workers into the United States to perform additive, high-skilled functions, but it has been deliberately exploited to replace, rather than supplement, American workers with lower-paid, lower-skilled labor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Many of my clients are senior technology executives who have lived here for 20 years,” said Sophie Alcorn, who runs\u003ca href=\"https://www.alcorn.law/\"> Alcorn Immigration Law\u003c/a> in Mountain View and writes about immigration for\u003ca href=\"https://techcrunch.com/2022/11/07/dear-sophie-how-can-i-stay-in-the-us-if-ive-been-laid-off/\"> TechCrunch\u003c/a>. She’s talking about clients still on H-1B visas, still waiting on a green card.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcorn called Trump’s proclamation a “huge affront” to people like her clients, who have diligently played by the complicated and confusing rules the federal government has laid out. “They have advanced degrees from U.S. colleges and universities that they forked out full tuition for. They have spouses. They have U.S. citizen children who were born here. They own homes. They volunteer in the PTA. They donate. They pay taxes.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already, the Trump administration has been challenged in court over the latest changes to the H-1B program. The lawsuit, filed in federal court in the Northern District of California on Friday, was brought by a coalition led by recruitment firm Global Nurse Force. The coalition argues President Trump does not have the power to unilaterally impose a hefty immigration fee without the approval of Congress, and that the sudden regulatory changes violate the Administrative Procedure Act.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alcorn is not surprised. “Immigration lawyers are scratching our heads. We’re trying to figure out exactly what we can do, what we cannot do,” she said. “We don’t even know how we would have our clients pay the $100,000. When will there be a temporary restraining order? Because that could just simply pause all of this for the foreseeable future,” Alcorn said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Concern about the growth of H-1B visa abuse is bipartisan, however. Employers as varied as\u003ca href=\"https://insider.govtech.com/california/news/jury-finds-discrimination-in-h-1b-visa-tech-worker-case?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Cognizant\u003c/a>,\u003ca href=\"https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/business/business-news/disney-defends-lawsuit-immigrants-replacing-894469/?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Disney\u003c/a> and\u003ca href=\"https://www.judiciary.senate.gov/imo/media/doc/02-25-16%20Hira%20Testimony.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> Southern California Edison\u003c/a> have been accused of taking advantage of foreign workers, using them as a cheaper and more compliant labor force. Cognizant was found liable in 2024 in a jury verdict.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>High-tech firms have long pushed for a relaxation of the H-1B visa cap, \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/research/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet\">85,000 annually since 2006\u003c/a>. Between fiscal years 2017 and 2022, more than 380,000 H-1B petitions were approved in the San Francisco Bay Area alone, according to the\u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/#:~:text=Since%20the%20category%20was%20created,H%2D1B%20Registration%20Process\"> American Immigration Council.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is a crisis that has been 35 years in the making that a competent Congress would have addressed long ago,” John Miano, a former tech worker who became an attorney to sue over the H-1B program, wrote KQED. “The United States Congress is the only national legislature in the world that has voted to make it explicitly legal to replace citizens with foreign workers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even those who hold the H-1B visas acknowledge there’s plenty of room for improvement to guard against the established abuses of the program. The South Bay software engineer said he agrees with Trump’s intentions, but not his methods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The way he tries executing it is so wrong that cannot be justified, because this process was there in place,” he said. “So you cannot just flip it overnight,” without upending the lives of millions of people.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Additionally, he noted that the changes are not expected to force companies, which typically pay much of the cost of an H-1B visa, to hire more Americans. Immigration experts and visa holders alike say multinational corporations are likely to replace H-1B visa holders with more workers overseas, at one of their foreign offices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As for H-1B visa holders, there’s a menu of options. Their current employer might invite them to transfer to one of those far-flung offices. They might move to a country like Canada, China\u003ca href=\"https://x.com/AmbAckermann/status/1970450472642482473\"> or Germany\u003c/a>, which are inviting distressed visa holders with open arms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The software engineer, already planning his return to India, might get a job with an American company there, maybe with his current employer, which has a significant presence in the country, albeit in cities other than his hometown. But even if he has to take a less desirable job, even if he has to take a job that pays less, he accepts that might be the cost of doing what he always planned to do eventually: return home.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/abandlamudi\">\u003cem>Adhiti Bandlamudi\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Sept. 19, panic struck an evening Emirates flight on the runway at SFO International Airport that was about to depart for India — as news spread in the cabin of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">President Donald Trump’s executive order concerning H-1B visas.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-h-1b-visa-fee-silicon-valley-tech-hiring-2025-9\">Business Insider\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/fl360aero/status/1969474540674720093?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">passengers began to stand up\u003c/a> and leave the plane after receiving alerts and calls on their phones. Zarna Joshi, a U.S. citizen on the flight, said passengers had “already been onboard for two hours, and there were no updates — just more people leaving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\">Trump’s executive order \u003c/a>had demanded companies pay $100,000 to supplement a single H-1B visa — a type of temporary visa category that allows employers to hire foreign workers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">“specialty occupations”\u003c/a> that usually require at least a bachelor’s degree. Previously, companies usually paid around \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/trump-100000-fee-h1b-visa/\">$2,000 to $5,000\u003c/a> per H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies like Microsoft began \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/read-memos-sent-big-tech-trump-h-1b-changes-2025-9\">sending urgent memos to their employees\u003c/a>, recommending H-1B visa holders cancel any upcoming international travel and remain in the United States, or return immediately if they were currently abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a day for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/20/nx-s1-5548568/h1b-visa-fee-trump-tech\">the White House to clarify\u003c/a> that the $100,000 fee only applied to new visas, and would not actually affect current visa holders or renewals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Confusion, concern and $100,000\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House claimed the measures would address what it called a “large-scale replacement of American workers through systemic abuse” of the H-1B program, which “has undermined both our economic and national security.” Many economists have historically pushed back on this claim, emphasizing that visa restrictions actually encourage companies to \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">expand operations\u003c/a> in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, Trump’s order is another part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">anti-immigration policies\u003c/a> enacted since his inauguration in January.[aside postID=news_12057638 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/03/AP25069706250720-1020x680.jpg']The H-1B visa system is \u003ca href=\"https://www.boundless.com/immigration-resources/the-h-1b-visa-explained/\">notoriously difficult\u003c/a> for applicants to navigate. There is also a limit to the number of visas given out in a year, resulting in long waits and a major backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The executive order has already had a major impact in California, a state with the most visa approvals at nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">62,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year. According to the \u003cem>Wall Street Journal, \u003c/em>nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">two-thirds of visa holders\u003c/a> work in tech companies like Amazon and Google — with Amazon alone approving over \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">10,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A vast majority of visa holders also come from India. In 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">71% of approved H-1B visa petitions\u003c/a> were for people born in India. In comparison, people from China made up almost 12% of approved applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand how communities in the Bay are reacting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">KQED \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a> spoke with lawyer Emily Neumann and journalists Pranav Dixit and Tanay Gokhale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The scale and scope of the H-1B program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Neumann:\u003c/strong> We’re talking about 85,000 visas per year. Every year, that’s the cap: We have 65,000 for regular or bachelor’s degree holders and an extra 20,000 for master’s degree holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, we do have a larger population than that, because these visas are granted for three-year increments and can be extended for a total of six years. So we have six years’ worth of people in the country on this visa.[aside postID=news_12057368 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/08/RS24077_Courthouse-closeup-qut-1180x664.jpg']On top of that, because of green card problems [and] backlogs, because there’s a \u003cem>per-country\u003c/em> cap, we have certain countries where H-1B holders can extend beyond that six-year limit because they’re waiting for their green card. And that is a very large population. There are hundreds of thousands of people in that situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where it seems like there are so many H-1B holders out there, even though we only give out 85,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pranav Dixit:\u003c/strong> There are certain rules that even the H-1Bs are subject to. It’s not just “hire whoever you want on an H-1B.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B workers still have to be paid what is known as a prevailing wage. They can’t be paid way less than anybody else in that field makes. So there are already checks and balances in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The central argument that tech companies have always made is: “This kind of visa gives us the freedom to hire for roles that we just cannot find American workers for.” Some of that has been challenged in the last couple of years with the thousands of layoffs across the tech industry. There are certainly lots of Americans who are out of jobs in the tech industry. But [there] has always been the central argument that these visas are used to fill roles that there’s just not enough STEM talent in this country for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tanay Gokhale\u003c/strong>: There \u003cem>are \u003c/em>legitimate problems with the H-1B visa system: the way the lottery is run, the way outsourcing has become a bigger problem over the past few years. In fact, before the current administration’s attack on H-1B started, Bernie Sanders wrote about it in \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/sensanders/status/1874918027982172626?s=46\">a Senate report\u003c/a> in February, speaking about the same issues that the current administration is speaking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H-1B visa issued Nov. 30, 2010. KQED’s Forum spoke to experts about how H-1B visa holders in the Bay Area are reacting to the latest White House order. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But on the flip side … if there really is a shortage of domestic workers — and I’ve been hearing that in some cases there is — [it’s] really a sort of supply issue. [If] tomorrow, you just cut off all foreign workers [from] being able to work in these tech companies, these companies will have a hard time. It is really a bigger issue for firms that do not have the resources of the really big tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I understand that there are legitimate concerns. But the sheer volume of workers that are staffing firms in the US, the volume of foreign workers … it just demands a little more thought and a little bit more concerted policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How the H-1B executive order unfolded\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> It definitely came as a big shock, right when everyone was trying to wrap up their week and get ready for the weekend. I think the initial chaos stemmed from the way the proclamation was written originally. Everyone felt that even current visa holders might be banned from reentry unless their employers paid $100,000. It was effectively a travel ban for anybody on an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/white-house-clarifies-100k-h-1b-visa-fee-wont-apply-to-existing-holders-as-trump-stirs-anxiety\">Within a day\u003c/a>, the White House clarified that the fee doesn’t apply to anyone with an existing visa or anybody who’s renewing a visa, and then things calmed down a little.[aside postID=news_12055606 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/USImmigrationCustomsEnforcementHQGetty.jpg']\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The first email I got was from an HR director saying, “Hey, our CEO is hearing something about a $100,000 fee. How is this going to impact us? Is this true?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so then we’re scrambling to find out what is going to be in this executive order. We’re listening live, as he’s signing this order, and we have someone saying that this is going to apply to everyone, every H-1B, every year. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>a few minutes later, we get the actual text of it, which sounds quite different, but also sounds like it applies to everyone. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we start getting these clarifications, coming on Twitter of all places, rather than anything official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we have three different agencies posting fact sheets and FAQs, and still we have questions. But at least we know: People who are outside the U.S. could still travel back in. And those that were in the U.S., leaving, were still safe to go out and come back in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my mind, what [Trump’s] done just now is just the beginning. This is not the only restriction they have planned. We’ve got more coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley’s reaction\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I thought that \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">Reed Hastings’ comment\u003c/a> was really interesting, but I feel like he may also have been a bit of an outlier. [The Netflix chairman and co-founder called the $100,000 fee \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">“a great solution”\u003c/a> and said that H-1B will be “used just for very high value jobs.”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B visas are central to the way that most tech companies have hired international workers for more than three decades at this point, for roles that they say they just can’t fill with American workers alone.[aside postID=news_12056762 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250715-ImmigrationCourtProtests-16-BL_qed.jpg']Most H-1B visas are used by the big tech companies: the Microsofts, the Googles, the Apples, and the Amazons. But also a large chunk of them go to the IT consulting and outsourcing firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of sentiment in the Valley that, “Hey, there are genuine problems with this program right now.” But in the long term, if this fee sticks, it is going to impact the ability of almost everyone to hire for roles that they may not find American workers for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The companies I work with constantly talk about how we have these positions that are going unfilled. Not necessarily the big tech companies, but small, mid-sized companies. They do hire engineers, not just in tech, and all the time we hear about, “We can’t find someone to do this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process itself, the fact that we’re choosing people based on a lottery … because we have these caps that were set before the internet even existed. We also have this green card backlog that impacts the H-1B, because people are stuck on an H-1B for years and years and years based on their country of birth. There are a lot of problems with the program, but I think companies are not happy about this $100,000 fee for sure. I don’t know of any company I’ve come across that is willing to pay it. I think they will hopefully be looking for an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, they will look at only sponsoring individuals who are in the U.S., who we think would not be subject to this fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The H-1B impact on health care in the US — and who might be exempt\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/trumps-h-1b-visa-fee-increase-raises-us-doctor-shortage-concerns-2025-09-24/\">Universities, hospitals, medical facilities tend to sponsor people\u003c/a> who are outside the U.S. Because most of these are cap-exempt institutions, they can file all year round. They don’t have to worry about this lottery in March and filing in April. And so they do bring a lot of people in [who] are outside the country.[aside postID=news_12055552 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/kvcr-mental-health-68c2d0da5f736.jpg']This $100,000 fee applies to \u003cem>any \u003c/em>petition being filed for someone who’s outside the county. The only filings happening right now are going to be these cap-exempt institutions. Which are for our doctors, for our nurses, for our researchers. So it’s really shooting us in the foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I did hear about an exemption for people like doctors. I think this stuff is changing so rapidly at this point that it’s really hard to tell. I think it’s a wait-and-watch at this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The Secretary of Homeland Security will get to decide whether an individual is going to be in the national interest, or a particular company, or a particular industry. We have zero information on what factors they will consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a little bit of prior experience with these national interest exemptions from the previous travel ban, but we don’t know if they’re going to be the same. We don’t know if maybe the companies that are liking this provision have already been told behind the scenes that they’re going to get an exemption. We don’t know what the factors are going to be, and there’s no guidance yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The legalities — and possible long-term impacts — of the executive order\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> [Trump’s] authority comes from \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/understanding-ina-section-212f-president-authority-suspend-entry-migrants/\">the Immigration and Nationality Act, Section 212F\u003c/a>. That’s an entry ban. He can block anyone from entering if he feels it’s in the national interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does \u003cem>not \u003c/em>have the ability to impose a $100,000 fee. Fees are set by Congress. And they can be adjusted based on inflation through the regulatory process, but it’s not something the president can unilaterally impose. There’s going to be litigation on that for sure.[aside postID=news_12057569 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/healthcare-68d54870be6a1.jpg']We’re also going to have to see how these exemptions work. If they allow for a lot of exemptions where this isn’t that big of an issue for most U.S. companies, it might be workable. But it definitely impacts the overall path for people who are currently in the U.S., as well as those who might be considering the U.S. as a destination. We saw, during the previous Trump administration, that people were looking to Canada, looking to other countries to make their home because of such uncertainty with the H-1B and the path to the green card. So I think we’re going to see that again, we’re going to start losing talent if we continue these types of restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I think people who would have looked at immigrating as a complete no-brainer are increasingly rethinking that decision. They’re increasingly choosing to spend their lives in Canada or Mexico or India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech companies are responding to that. We’ve seen lots of offshoring to these countries in the last few years. I remember it was 2023, when Canada opened a special visa for 10,000 U.S. H-1B workers, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx27lj39e99o\">it filled up in [24] hours\u003c/a>. People are increasingly getting tired of the constant instability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this sticks — and I think there is a big “if” [around] this $100,000 fee, with litigation and everything — I think companies are going to rethink hiring in the U.S. More than hiring locally, it’s going to lead to an offshoring of jobs to Canada, Mexico, India and maybe other places around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The effect on Bay Area communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gokhale: \u003c/strong>In the short term, there was obviously panic among visa holders who are outside the country or planning to travel outside the country. And even after the clarification — though there was some amount of relief that “we are not in immediate danger” — the big emotion that has emerged from this is uncertainty and confusion among international workers, [and also] international students, many of whom hope to apply next year for the H-1B.[aside postID=news_12057384 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250905-ADOPTACORNER_00805_TV-KQED.jpg']There is definitely concern about, “Even if they haven’t come for us right now, will they eventually come for us in the next few months, in the next year?” It’s thrown a lot of things into a tailspin for a lot of people who have planned to live their life here, to set up a family, to set up a career in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve had conversations in the past few days that signaled to me that there’s a sense of disillusionment with the “H-1B, green card, citizenship” pipeline of the American dream. There just seems to be a massive reevaluation of whether the United States is still a good option to invest your future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I definitely see a lot of anti-Indian hate in general on social media. Reddit, Instagram, TikTok, any social media channel of your choice. There’s a lot of new, sometimes really wild, disturbing stuff coming out about Indians, Indian stereotypes — which I thought were on the way out — are suddenly making a resurgence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve personally covered hate crimes where there’s some \u003ca href=\"https://indiacurrents.com/ca-v-hate-crime-racism-islamophobia-homphobia/\">pretty graphic anti-H-1B graffiti on a public park bathroom\u003c/a>, which is something that I think can only happen in Silicon Valley or in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think the U.S. is the only place where this is happening. We’re seeing an anti-immigrant sort of sentiment in Australia, specifically targeted toward South Asians, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/northern-ireland/2025/06/irelands-anti-immigrant-rage-will-not-go-away\">Ireland\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2024-12-12/housing-crisis-economic-woes-and-trump-how-canada-turned-against-immigrants\">Canada\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a global trend that we’re seeing: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/27/anti-immigration-mood-sweeping-eu-capitals-puts-strain-on-blocs-unity\">anti-immigrant sentiment\u003c/a> in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "‘A Big Shock’: How Trump’s $100,000 H-1B Executive Order Unfolded — and What Might Be Next | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Sept. 19, panic struck an evening Emirates flight on the runway at SFO International Airport that was about to depart for India — as news spread in the cabin of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">President Donald Trump’s executive order concerning H-1B visas.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/trump-h-1b-visa-fee-silicon-valley-tech-hiring-2025-9\">Business Insider\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/fl360aero/status/1969474540674720093?s=46&t=7BBzFwo6eYLzJIVfAlumEQ\">passengers began to stand up\u003c/a> and leave the plane after receiving alerts and calls on their phones. Zarna Joshi, a U.S. citizen on the flight, said passengers had “already been onboard for two hours, and there were no updates — just more people leaving.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/2025/09/restriction-on-entry-of-certain-nonimmigrant-workers/\">Trump’s executive order \u003c/a>had demanded companies pay $100,000 to supplement a single H-1B visa — a type of temporary visa category that allows employers to hire foreign workers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">“specialty occupations”\u003c/a> that usually require at least a bachelor’s degree. Previously, companies usually paid around \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/blog/trump-100000-fee-h1b-visa/\">$2,000 to $5,000\u003c/a> per H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies like Microsoft began \u003ca href=\"https://www.businessinsider.com/read-memos-sent-big-tech-trump-h-1b-changes-2025-9\">sending urgent memos to their employees\u003c/a>, recommending H-1B visa holders cancel any upcoming international travel and remain in the United States, or return immediately if they were currently abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It took a day for \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/09/20/nx-s1-5548568/h1b-visa-fee-trump-tech\">the White House to clarify\u003c/a> that the $100,000 fee only applied to new visas, and would not actually affect current visa holders or renewals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Confusion, concern and $100,000\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The White House claimed the measures would address what it called a “large-scale replacement of American workers through systemic abuse” of the H-1B program, which “has undermined both our economic and national security.” Many economists have historically pushed back on this claim, emphasizing that visa restrictions actually encourage companies to \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/h1b-visa-program-fact-sheet/\">expand operations\u003c/a> in other countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nevertheless, Trump’s order is another part of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/immigration\">anti-immigration policies\u003c/a> enacted since his inauguration in January.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The H-1B visa system is \u003ca href=\"https://www.boundless.com/immigration-resources/the-h-1b-visa-explained/\">notoriously difficult\u003c/a> for applicants to navigate. There is also a limit to the number of visas given out in a year, resulting in long waits and a major backlog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The executive order has already had a major impact in California, a state with the most visa approvals at nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">62,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year. According to the \u003cem>Wall Street Journal, \u003c/em>nearly \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">two-thirds of visa holders\u003c/a> work in tech companies like Amazon and Google — with Amazon alone approving over \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/tools/reports-and-studies/h-1b-employer-data-hub\">10,000 visa beneficiaries\u003c/a> in the current fiscal year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A vast majority of visa holders also come from India. In 2024, \u003ca href=\"https://www.wsj.com/economy/jobs/h1b-visas-workers-charts-cb81493c\">71% of approved H-1B visa petitions\u003c/a> were for people born in India. In comparison, people from China made up almost 12% of approved applicants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand how communities in the Bay are reacting, \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/forum/2010101911349/trump-dropped-a-100000-fee-on-h-1b-visas-and-sent-silicon-valley-spinning\">KQED \u003cem>Forum\u003c/em>\u003c/a> spoke with lawyer Emily Neumann and journalists Pranav Dixit and Tanay Gokhale.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This interview has been edited for brevity and clarity.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The scale and scope of the H-1B program\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Emily Neumann:\u003c/strong> We’re talking about 85,000 visas per year. Every year, that’s the cap: We have 65,000 for regular or bachelor’s degree holders and an extra 20,000 for master’s degree holders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, we do have a larger population than that, because these visas are granted for three-year increments and can be extended for a total of six years. So we have six years’ worth of people in the country on this visa.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>On top of that, because of green card problems [and] backlogs, because there’s a \u003cem>per-country\u003c/em> cap, we have certain countries where H-1B holders can extend beyond that six-year limit because they’re waiting for their green card. And that is a very large population. There are hundreds of thousands of people in that situation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s where it seems like there are so many H-1B holders out there, even though we only give out 85,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pranav Dixit:\u003c/strong> There are certain rules that even the H-1Bs are subject to. It’s not just “hire whoever you want on an H-1B.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B workers still have to be paid what is known as a prevailing wage. They can’t be paid way less than anybody else in that field makes. So there are already checks and balances in the system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The central argument that tech companies have always made is: “This kind of visa gives us the freedom to hire for roles that we just cannot find American workers for.” Some of that has been challenged in the last couple of years with the thousands of layoffs across the tech industry. There are certainly lots of Americans who are out of jobs in the tech industry. But [there] has always been the central argument that these visas are used to fill roles that there’s just not enough STEM talent in this country for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Tanay Gokhale\u003c/strong>: There \u003cem>are \u003c/em>legitimate problems with the H-1B visa system: the way the lottery is run, the way outsourcing has become a bigger problem over the past few years. In fact, before the current administration’s attack on H-1B started, Bernie Sanders wrote about it in \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/sensanders/status/1874918027982172626?s=46\">a Senate report\u003c/a> in February, speaking about the same issues that the current administration is speaking about.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848802\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11848802\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg\" alt=\"Biometric passport with visa stamp for United States\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1281\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-800x534.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/iStock-1130785257_1_1920x-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">An H-1B visa issued Nov. 30, 2010. KQED’s Forum spoke to experts about how H-1B visa holders in the Bay Area are reacting to the latest White House order. \u003ccite>(iStock)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But on the flip side … if there really is a shortage of domestic workers — and I’ve been hearing that in some cases there is — [it’s] really a sort of supply issue. [If] tomorrow, you just cut off all foreign workers [from] being able to work in these tech companies, these companies will have a hard time. It is really a bigger issue for firms that do not have the resources of the really big tech companies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I understand that there are legitimate concerns. But the sheer volume of workers that are staffing firms in the US, the volume of foreign workers … it just demands a little more thought and a little bit more concerted policy changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How the H-1B executive order unfolded\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> It definitely came as a big shock, right when everyone was trying to wrap up their week and get ready for the weekend. I think the initial chaos stemmed from the way the proclamation was written originally. Everyone felt that even current visa holders might be banned from reentry unless their employers paid $100,000. It was effectively a travel ban for anybody on an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/politics/white-house-clarifies-100k-h-1b-visa-fee-wont-apply-to-existing-holders-as-trump-stirs-anxiety\">Within a day\u003c/a>, the White House clarified that the fee doesn’t apply to anyone with an existing visa or anybody who’s renewing a visa, and then things calmed down a little.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The first email I got was from an HR director saying, “Hey, our CEO is hearing something about a $100,000 fee. How is this going to impact us? Is this true?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And so then we’re scrambling to find out what is going to be in this executive order. We’re listening live, as he’s signing this order, and we have someone saying that this is going to apply to everyone, every H-1B, every year. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>a few minutes later, we get the actual text of it, which sounds quite different, but also sounds like it applies to everyone. And \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we start getting these clarifications, coming on Twitter of all places, rather than anything official.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003cem>then \u003c/em>we have three different agencies posting fact sheets and FAQs, and still we have questions. But at least we know: People who are outside the U.S. could still travel back in. And those that were in the U.S., leaving, were still safe to go out and come back in.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In my mind, what [Trump’s] done just now is just the beginning. This is not the only restriction they have planned. We’ve got more coming.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Silicon Valley’s reaction\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I thought that \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">Reed Hastings’ comment\u003c/a> was really interesting, but I feel like he may also have been a bit of an outlier. [The Netflix chairman and co-founder called the $100,000 fee \u003ca href=\"https://x.com/reedhastings/status/1969828972688248953\">“a great solution”\u003c/a> and said that H-1B will be “used just for very high value jobs.”]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>H-1B visas are central to the way that most tech companies have hired international workers for more than three decades at this point, for roles that they say they just can’t fill with American workers alone.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Most H-1B visas are used by the big tech companies: the Microsofts, the Googles, the Apples, and the Amazons. But also a large chunk of them go to the IT consulting and outsourcing firms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There’s a lot of sentiment in the Valley that, “Hey, there are genuine problems with this program right now.” But in the long term, if this fee sticks, it is going to impact the ability of almost everyone to hire for roles that they may not find American workers for.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The companies I work with constantly talk about how we have these positions that are going unfilled. Not necessarily the big tech companies, but small, mid-sized companies. They do hire engineers, not just in tech, and all the time we hear about, “We can’t find someone to do this work.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The process itself, the fact that we’re choosing people based on a lottery … because we have these caps that were set before the internet even existed. We also have this green card backlog that impacts the H-1B, because people are stuck on an H-1B for years and years and years based on their country of birth. There are a lot of problems with the program, but I think companies are not happy about this $100,000 fee for sure. I don’t know of any company I’ve come across that is willing to pay it. I think they will hopefully be looking for an exemption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Otherwise, they will look at only sponsoring individuals who are in the U.S., who we think would not be subject to this fee.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The H-1B impact on health care in the US — and who might be exempt\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> \u003ca href=\"https://www.reuters.com/business/healthcare-pharmaceuticals/trumps-h-1b-visa-fee-increase-raises-us-doctor-shortage-concerns-2025-09-24/\">Universities, hospitals, medical facilities tend to sponsor people\u003c/a> who are outside the U.S. Because most of these are cap-exempt institutions, they can file all year round. They don’t have to worry about this lottery in March and filing in April. And so they do bring a lot of people in [who] are outside the country.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>This $100,000 fee applies to \u003cem>any \u003c/em>petition being filed for someone who’s outside the county. The only filings happening right now are going to be these cap-exempt institutions. Which are for our doctors, for our nurses, for our researchers. So it’s really shooting us in the foot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I did hear about an exemption for people like doctors. I think this stuff is changing so rapidly at this point that it’s really hard to tell. I think it’s a wait-and-watch at this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> The Secretary of Homeland Security will get to decide whether an individual is going to be in the national interest, or a particular company, or a particular industry. We have zero information on what factors they will consider.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>We have a little bit of prior experience with these national interest exemptions from the previous travel ban, but we don’t know if they’re going to be the same. We don’t know if maybe the companies that are liking this provision have already been told behind the scenes that they’re going to get an exemption. We don’t know what the factors are going to be, and there’s no guidance yet.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The legalities — and possible long-term impacts — of the executive order\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Neumann:\u003c/strong> [Trump’s] authority comes from \u003ca href=\"https://www.americanimmigrationcouncil.org/fact-sheet/understanding-ina-section-212f-president-authority-suspend-entry-migrants/\">the Immigration and Nationality Act, Section 212F\u003c/a>. That’s an entry ban. He can block anyone from entering if he feels it’s in the national interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He does \u003cem>not \u003c/em>have the ability to impose a $100,000 fee. Fees are set by Congress. And they can be adjusted based on inflation through the regulatory process, but it’s not something the president can unilaterally impose. There’s going to be litigation on that for sure.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>We’re also going to have to see how these exemptions work. If they allow for a lot of exemptions where this isn’t that big of an issue for most U.S. companies, it might be workable. But it definitely impacts the overall path for people who are currently in the U.S., as well as those who might be considering the U.S. as a destination. We saw, during the previous Trump administration, that people were looking to Canada, looking to other countries to make their home because of such uncertainty with the H-1B and the path to the green card. So I think we’re going to see that again, we’re going to start losing talent if we continue these types of restrictions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Dixit:\u003c/strong> I think people who would have looked at immigrating as a complete no-brainer are increasingly rethinking that decision. They’re increasingly choosing to spend their lives in Canada or Mexico or India.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tech companies are responding to that. We’ve seen lots of offshoring to these countries in the last few years. I remember it was 2023, when Canada opened a special visa for 10,000 U.S. H-1B workers, and \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/cx27lj39e99o\">it filled up in [24] hours\u003c/a>. People are increasingly getting tired of the constant instability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If this sticks — and I think there is a big “if” [around] this $100,000 fee, with litigation and everything — I think companies are going to rethink hiring in the U.S. More than hiring locally, it’s going to lead to an offshoring of jobs to Canada, Mexico, India and maybe other places around the world.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The effect on Bay Area communities\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Gokhale: \u003c/strong>In the short term, there was obviously panic among visa holders who are outside the country or planning to travel outside the country. And even after the clarification — though there was some amount of relief that “we are not in immediate danger” — the big emotion that has emerged from this is uncertainty and confusion among international workers, [and also] international students, many of whom hope to apply next year for the H-1B.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>There is definitely concern about, “Even if they haven’t come for us right now, will they eventually come for us in the next few months, in the next year?” It’s thrown a lot of things into a tailspin for a lot of people who have planned to live their life here, to set up a family, to set up a career in this country.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve had conversations in the past few days that signaled to me that there’s a sense of disillusionment with the “H-1B, green card, citizenship” pipeline of the American dream. There just seems to be a massive reevaluation of whether the United States is still a good option to invest your future.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I definitely see a lot of anti-Indian hate in general on social media. Reddit, Instagram, TikTok, any social media channel of your choice. There’s a lot of new, sometimes really wild, disturbing stuff coming out about Indians, Indian stereotypes — which I thought were on the way out — are suddenly making a resurgence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I’ve personally covered hate crimes where there’s some \u003ca href=\"https://indiacurrents.com/ca-v-hate-crime-racism-islamophobia-homphobia/\">pretty graphic anti-H-1B graffiti on a public park bathroom\u003c/a>, which is something that I think can only happen in Silicon Valley or in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I don’t think the U.S. is the only place where this is happening. We’re seeing an anti-immigrant sort of sentiment in Australia, specifically targeted toward South Asians, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.newstatesman.com/politics/northern-ireland/2025/06/irelands-anti-immigrant-rage-will-not-go-away\">Ireland\u003c/a>, in \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2024-12-12/housing-crisis-economic-woes-and-trump-how-canada-turned-against-immigrants\">Canada\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s a global trend that we’re seeing: \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/world/2024/sep/27/anti-immigration-mood-sweeping-eu-capitals-puts-strain-on-blocs-unity\">anti-immigrant sentiment\u003c/a> in general.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>The federal government is reversing the \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-f1-visa-revoked-college-f12320b435b6bf9cf723f1e8eb8c67ae\">termination of legal status\u003c/a> for international students around the U.S. after many filed court challenges against the Trump administration crackdown, a government lawyer said Friday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The records in a federal student database maintained by U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement had been terminated in recent weeks, often without the students or their schools being notified. Judges around the country had already issued orders temporarily restoring the students’ records in dozens of lawsuits challenging the terminations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 1,200 students nationwide suddenly lost their legal status or had visas revoked, leaving them at risk for deportation. Some left the country while others have \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/international-student-visa-status-restraining-order-64a97b4fabc5264ed20b179952cdabff\">gone into hiding\u003c/a> or stopped going to class.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one of the lawsuits, a lawyer for the government read a statement in federal court in Oakland, California, that said ICE was restoring the student status for people whose records were terminated in recent weeks. Also Friday, the statement was read by a government attorney in a separate case in Washington, said lawyer Brian Green, who represents the plaintiff in that case. Green provided The Associated Press with a copy of the statement that the government lawyer emailed to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It says: “ICE is developing a policy that will provide a framework for SEVIS record terminations. Until such a policy is issued, the SEVIS records for plaintiff(s) in this case (and other similarly situated plaintiffs) will remain Active or shall be re-activated if not currently active and ICE will not modify the record solely based on the NCIC finding that resulted in the recent SEVIS record termination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green said that the government lawyer said it would apply to all students in the same situation, not just those who had filed lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=news_12034742 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/20250129_UCBerkeleyRally_GC-72_qed-1020x680.jpg']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SEVIS is the Student and Exchange Visitor Information Systems database that tracks international students’ compliance with their visa status. NCIC is the National Crime Information Center, which is maintained by the FBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Secretary of State Marco Rubio said his department was revoking visas held by visitors who were acting counter to national interests, including some who protested Israel’s war in Gaza and those who face criminal charges. But many students whose status was terminated said they did not fall under those categories or had only minor infractions on their record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In lawsuits in several states, students argued they were denied due process. Many were told that their status was terminated as a result of a criminal records check or that their visa had been revoked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>International students and their schools were \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/college-international-student-f1-visa-ice-trump-7a1d186c06a5fdb2f64506dcf208105a\">caught off guard\u003c/a> by the terminations of the students’ records. Many of the terminations were discovered when school officials were doing routine checks of the international student database or when they checked specifically after hearing about other terminations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 1,220 students at 187 colleges, universities and university systems have had their visas revoked or their legal status terminated since late March, according to an Associated Press review of university statements, correspondence with school officials and court records. The AP has been working to confirm reports of hundreds more students who are caught up in the crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brumback reported from Atlanta. AP reporter Christopher L. Keller contributed from Albuquerque, New Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one of the lawsuits, a lawyer for the government read a statement in federal court in Oakland, California, that said ICE was restoring the student status for people whose records were terminated in recent weeks. Also Friday, the statement was read by a government attorney in a separate case in Washington, said lawyer Brian Green, who represents the plaintiff in that case. Green provided The Associated Press with a copy of the statement that the government lawyer emailed to him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It says: “ICE is developing a policy that will provide a framework for SEVIS record terminations. Until such a policy is issued, the SEVIS records for plaintiff(s) in this case (and other similarly situated plaintiffs) will remain Active or shall be re-activated if not currently active and ICE will not modify the record solely based on the NCIC finding that resulted in the recent SEVIS record termination.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Green said that the government lawyer said it would apply to all students in the same situation, not just those who had filed lawsuits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>SEVIS is the Student and Exchange Visitor Information Systems database that tracks international students’ compliance with their visa status. NCIC is the National Crime Information Center, which is maintained by the FBI.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Secretary of State Marco Rubio said his department was revoking visas held by visitors who were acting counter to national interests, including some who protested Israel’s war in Gaza and those who face criminal charges. But many students whose status was terminated said they did not fall under those categories or had only minor infractions on their record.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In lawsuits in several states, students argued they were denied due process. Many were told that their status was terminated as a result of a criminal records check or that their visa had been revoked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>International students and their schools were \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/college-international-student-f1-visa-ice-trump-7a1d186c06a5fdb2f64506dcf208105a\">caught off guard\u003c/a> by the terminations of the students’ records. Many of the terminations were discovered when school officials were doing routine checks of the international student database or when they checked specifically after hearing about other terminations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At least 1,220 students at 187 colleges, universities and university systems have had their visas revoked or their legal status terminated since late March, according to an Associated Press review of university statements, correspondence with school officials and court records. The AP has been working to confirm reports of hundreds more students who are caught up in the crackdown.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Brumback reported from Atlanta. AP reporter Christopher L. Keller contributed from Albuquerque, New Mexico.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Thursday, January 2, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Several \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/01/us/new-california-laws-2025.html\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">new laws\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> went into effect on January 1, dealing with everything from workplace issues to education.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The future of foreign labor in the tech sector could hinge on the outcome of \u003ca href=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/articles/ckg87n2ml11o\">a debate \u003c/a>now raging in the orbit of President-elect Donald Trump, over the H1-B, a temporary visa for skilled workers.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003cb>New Laws Go Into Effect This Week\u003c/b>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">As we ring in 2025, there are lots of new state laws that have just taken effect. Many will impact the workplace. As of January 1, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.dir.ca.gov/dlse/minimum_wage.htm\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">the minimum wage\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for California workers is now $16.50 an hour. That’s a 50-cent increase that’s pegged to the Consumer Price Index. But keep in mind, some California cities already have higher minimum wages, as do some industries like fast food and healthcare. Another new workplace law, titled the California Worker Freedom from Employer Intimidation Act, prohibits bosses from requiring employees to attend meetings about politics or religion.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Another new workplace law, titled the California Worker Freedom from Employer Intimidation Act, prohibits bosses from requiring employees to attend meetings about politics or religion. “So let’s say you, as an employer, want to go and hold a meeting where you are going to be asserting your particular religious and political view. This protects employees against you essentially from doing that,” said employment law attorney Luna Hernandez. “And there are penalties of $500 per violation. The law also protects employees from having to hear the boss’ views on unions or union organizing efforts.”\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">On the education front, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2024/09/30/california-bans-legacy-and-donor-preferences-in-admissions-at-private-nonprofit-universities/\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">a new law\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> prohibits private colleges and universities in California that receive state funding, from considering a prospective student’s connection to alumni or donors in deciding whether that student gets in. And another prohibits teachers and school staff from disclosing information about students’ gender identity or sexual orientation without the students’ consent.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"Page-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-maga-immigration-visas-musk-91ab17e141cc9764fb18b8bc862c84dc\">Trump Appears To Side With Musk, Tech Allies In Debate Over Foreign Workers \u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>President-elect Donald Trump appears to be siding with Elon Musk and his other backers in the tech industry \u003cspan class=\"LinkEnhancement\">\u003ca class=\"Link AnClick-LinkEnhancement\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/trump-maga-immigration-visas-musk-40b78d2b413aa473e31ca063e4dd5fa8\" data-gtm-enhancement-style=\"LinkEnhancementA\">as a dispute over immigration visas has divided his supporters.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Many skilled foreign workers — especially from India — wait years, or even decades, for a green card, which would allow them to stay and work in the United States permanently. Federal legislation\u003ca href=\"https://lofgren.house.gov/media/press-releases/lofgren-curtis-introduce-bipartisan-legislation-eliminate-arbitrary-country\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> co-sponsored\u003c/a> by Democratic Silicon Valley Rep. Zoe Lofgren would phase out some of the rules that have created that backlog. But the bill’s survival is far from certain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you spend much time in the tech world, you invariably hear about the epic queue for \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility/green-card-for-employment-based-immigrants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">employment-based green cards\u003c/a>, especially from Indian nationals. Shibin Nambiar of Fremont did when he first moved to the U.S. in 2013 on a temporary H-1B work visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t realize it today, but down the line, when you’ll have your kid and your wife, and you’re settled and you have a house — that time you’ll realize — you just will never get your green card,” said Nambiar, a data architect at Rubrik, a cloud data management company based in Palo Alto. “It’s going to be a life of uncertainty forever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nambiar applied for a green card in 2015, after he got married, had a kid and bought a house. But he faces a wait so long, he jokes he may have to wait for his 4-year-old son, born here in the U.S., to turn 21 and sponsor him for residency based on their family relationship. “He can file for us ultimately, and that’s the way we might get a green card!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"Rep. Zoe Lofgren\"]‘If you were born in India, applications filed on Aug. 1, 2010, are being approved today. It doesn’t make any sense to organize it in this way.’[/pullquote]According to 2020 data from U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services, more than 1 million people are waiting for an employment-based green card. And more people join the queue each year. But immigration law caps the total number of new cards at just 140,000 per year, and spouses and children of green card applicants count toward the annual cap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You know, the system that we have now has basically not been changed in many decades, and I think it’s operating in a way that people likely didn’t envision,” said Lofgren, who co-sponsored the \u003ca href=\"https://lofgren.house.gov/sites/lofgren.house.gov/files/EAGLE%20Act%20Final%20Bill%20Text.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Equal Access to Green cards for Legal Employment\u003c/a>, or EAGLE, Act of 2021. She serves on the Judiciary Committee and chairs the House Immigration and Citizenship Subcommittee.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bottleneck is compounded for immigrants from high-demand countries, because U.S. law stipulates that no more than 7% of green cards can go to workers from any single country in a given year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you were born in India, applications filed on Aug. 1, 2010, are being approved today, and it doesn’t make any sense to organize it in this way,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most of those waiting for employment-based green cards are from two countries: India and China. Albania and Zimbabwe are allocated the same number as India and China, even though Albania and Zimbabwe don’t have nearly as many applicants keen to work in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s worth remembering the only people who actually benefit from this bill are people who’ve gone through all the hoops to become legal permanent residents of the United States,” said Lofgren. “And, in a way that’s really un-American, instead of looking at their merits, we’re looking at their place of birth.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The bill, H.R. 3648, phases out the 7% per-country limit on employment-based immigrant visas. It would also raise the 7% per-country limit on family-sponsored immigrant visas to 15%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Reducing the bottlenecks and allowing more skilled foreign workers to make a permanent home in the U.S. will benefit the broader economy, said Sean Randolph, senior director of the Bay Area Council Economic Institute, a public-private partnership of business, labor, government and higher education.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you look at where a lot of the hiring is from in tech companies, the big story is India,” Randolph said. “There is a pretty broad consensus, on a bipartisan level, that we need to support more skilled immigration into the United States.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID=\"news_10859344,news_11707255,news_11701936\" label=\"Related Coverage\"]But even though the EAGLE Act is widely supported by business interests, its future is not assured. A similar bill failed to make it to President Trump’s desk in 2019. And due to the way partisanship has frozen Washington, D.C., it’s become difficult for Republican lawmakers to publicly support a hot-button issue like immigration reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the EAGLE Act may not move forward as a stand-alone bill, according to a Democratic staffer who asked not to be identified, there’s a plan to fold in elements of the bill when the Senate sends its budget to the House for reconciliation, sometime in September. Lofgren was one of roughly a dozen lawmakers lobbying President Biden over the summer for various immigration reforms. It’s too soon to say which parts of the bill might survive these negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EAGLE Act also includes reforms to the contentious H-1B visa program, which allows foreign citizens in specialty occupations, like computer engineering, to work in the U.S. temporarily. Silicon Valley employers have long taken advantage of people on these visas — and often hire them instead of American citizens who expect better pay and working conditions. The changes the EAGLE Act would make are not enough to mollify critics like protectionist John Miano, a computer programmer turned lawyer who’s sued multiple administrations over immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other things, he dislikes the fact that a 1990 law allowed employers of H-1B and L-1 visa holders to apply for green cards for those workers. That extended the U.S. stay of those employees while the applications are processed, and it gave hundreds of thousands of foreign workers like Nambiar hope of a permanent life here. But it also swamped the waiting line for employment-based green cards. The EAGLE Act, Miano argues, would not change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fundamental problem is that we have a guest worker system, and we have a permanent immigration system. The guest worker system is larger than the permanent immigration system,” said Miano. “They used to be separate. You take a large system and you pour it into a small system, and you can see what happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comedian John Oliver, who came to the U.S. on a work-based visa himself, explained this dynamic in a 2019 episode of his show “Last Week Tonight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can tell you from experience here, living on a visa can be very stressful, and involves having to jump through endless, costly hoops,” Oliver said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When his employer finally presented Oliver with a green card, he said he nearly burst into tears from relief: “That is when I realized I’d been worried about my immigration status every single day.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXqnRMU1fTs\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So what do those in the epic queue for a green card think of the modest ambitions of the EAGLE Act?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel [if a] Band-Aid is the approach, then [so be] it,” said Leena Bhai of Sunnyvale. Her family has been waiting on her husband’s green card application for five years. “Is comprehensive reform even possible? If not, let’s just work with what we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Bhai’s children was born in the U.S., the other in India. If they don’t get their green cards before the child born in India — now 6 — turns 21, he will lose his dependent status, and will have to return to the country of his birth to file his own green card application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very least, Bhai says, she’s hoping federal lawmakers make clear whether they want families like hers to stay permanently. Because if not, she and her husband are likely to move their family to another country — one where they can feel secure that their young children will be welcome to go to college when that day comes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Many skilled foreign workers — especially from India — wait years, or even decades, for a green card, which would allow them to stay and work in the United States permanently. Federal legislation\u003ca href=\"https://lofgren.house.gov/media/press-releases/lofgren-curtis-introduce-bipartisan-legislation-eliminate-arbitrary-country\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"> co-sponsored\u003c/a> by Democratic Silicon Valley Rep. Zoe Lofgren would phase out some of the rules that have created that backlog. But the bill’s survival is far from certain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you spend much time in the tech world, you invariably hear about the epic queue for \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/green-card/green-card-eligibility/green-card-for-employment-based-immigrants\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">employment-based green cards\u003c/a>, especially from Indian nationals. Shibin Nambiar of Fremont did when he first moved to the U.S. in 2013 on a temporary H-1B work visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You don’t realize it today, but down the line, when you’ll have your kid and your wife, and you’re settled and you have a house — that time you’ll realize — you just will never get your green card,” said Nambiar, a data architect at Rubrik, a cloud data management company based in Palo Alto. “It’s going to be a life of uncertainty forever.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nambiar applied for a green card in 2015, after he got married, had a kid and bought a house. But he faces a wait so long, he jokes he may have to wait for his 4-year-old son, born here in the U.S., to turn 21 and sponsor him for residency based on their family relationship. “He can file for us ultimately, and that’s the way we might get a green card!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But even though the EAGLE Act is widely supported by business interests, its future is not assured. A similar bill failed to make it to President Trump’s desk in 2019. And due to the way partisanship has frozen Washington, D.C., it’s become difficult for Republican lawmakers to publicly support a hot-button issue like immigration reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the EAGLE Act may not move forward as a stand-alone bill, according to a Democratic staffer who asked not to be identified, there’s a plan to fold in elements of the bill when the Senate sends its budget to the House for reconciliation, sometime in September. Lofgren was one of roughly a dozen lawmakers lobbying President Biden over the summer for various immigration reforms. It’s too soon to say which parts of the bill might survive these negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The EAGLE Act also includes reforms to the contentious H-1B visa program, which allows foreign citizens in specialty occupations, like computer engineering, to work in the U.S. temporarily. Silicon Valley employers have long taken advantage of people on these visas — and often hire them instead of American citizens who expect better pay and working conditions. The changes the EAGLE Act would make are not enough to mollify critics like protectionist John Miano, a computer programmer turned lawyer who’s sued multiple administrations over immigration policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among other things, he dislikes the fact that a 1990 law allowed employers of H-1B and L-1 visa holders to apply for green cards for those workers. That extended the U.S. stay of those employees while the applications are processed, and it gave hundreds of thousands of foreign workers like Nambiar hope of a permanent life here. But it also swamped the waiting line for employment-based green cards. The EAGLE Act, Miano argues, would not change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The fundamental problem is that we have a guest worker system, and we have a permanent immigration system. The guest worker system is larger than the permanent immigration system,” said Miano. “They used to be separate. You take a large system and you pour it into a small system, and you can see what happens.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Comedian John Oliver, who came to the U.S. on a work-based visa himself, explained this dynamic in a 2019 episode of his show “Last Week Tonight.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can tell you from experience here, living on a visa can be very stressful, and involves having to jump through endless, costly hoops,” Oliver said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When his employer finally presented Oliver with a green card, he said he nearly burst into tears from relief: “That is when I realized I’d been worried about my immigration status every single day.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/tXqnRMU1fTs'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/tXqnRMU1fTs'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>So what do those in the epic queue for a green card think of the modest ambitions of the EAGLE Act?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I feel [if a] Band-Aid is the approach, then [so be] it,” said Leena Bhai of Sunnyvale. Her family has been waiting on her husband’s green card application for five years. “Is comprehensive reform even possible? If not, let’s just work with what we can.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of Bhai’s children was born in the U.S., the other in India. If they don’t get their green cards before the child born in India — now 6 — turns 21, he will lose his dependent status, and will have to return to the country of his birth to file his own green card application.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the very least, Bhai says, she’s hoping federal lawmakers make clear whether they want families like hers to stay permanently. Because if not, she and her husband are likely to move their family to another country — one where they can feel secure that their young children will be welcome to go to college when that day comes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Will Biden Follow in Obama’s Footsteps With H-1B Visa? Labor Advocates Have Concerns",
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"content": "\u003cp>President-elect Joe Biden is pledging to reverse a slew of Trump-era immigration restrictions, which brings up the question of what he will do with the H-1B visa for highly skilled workers. Over the last three decades, it has been a pathway to work in America for several million people, but at the same time corporations have used it to underpay foreign workers, outsource jobs and drive down wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s campaign has said he will try to stop abuse of the visa, but he is also surrounding himself with advisers from big tech, and people in that industry have always urged expanding the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the backstory of how corporations have misused the visa and the failed attempts at reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"more coverage\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story begins when Democrats and Republicans worked together to pass the Immigration Act of 1990. It greatly increased legal immigration, allowing for family reunification, a green card lottery to increase immigrant diversity and the H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference, then-Rep. Bruce Morrison, D-Connecticut, explained the visa’s purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This legislation focuses on the need for skilled workers to be brought to the United States for jobs that are not being filled and will not be filled in the near future by American workers,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The H-1B is a three-year visa, renewable once, available to 85,000 workers a year. There is no official statistic for the total number of people currently on H-1B visas in the United States, but estimates range from around 300,000 to over 500,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the beginning, companies have abused this visa. We’re going to look at three major ways, beginning with how it is sometimes used to replace American workers with underpaid foreign workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-h-1b-visas-have-been-abused-since-the-beginning/\">In a “60 Minutes” story\u003c/a> from 1993, reporter Lesley Stahl describes a contracting agreement with a worker from India on an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It tells her she will be assigned to Hewlett-Packard in California,” Stahl says, “that her salary of $250 a month will still be paid back in India and she will receive $1,300 a month for living expenses in the United States. Total that up and it comes to less than $20,000 a year, nowhere near what Hewlett-Packard would have to pay an American.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in 1993, it would have been hard to get by in the Bay Area on double that salary. Later in the segment, Stahl talks with staffing agencies who say that American workers are being undercut by people being paid less on H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This continues to be a problem. Over the years there have been numerous examples of U.S. workers being fired and having their jobs given to people from contracting firms that rely on H-1B visas. In the last decade, U.S. workers have been replaced at companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/12/fixing-h-1b-visa-loophole/509639/\">like Disney\u003c/a>, utilities like Southern California Edison \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11304045/pge-is-using-h-1b-visas-to-send-it-jobs-overseas\">and PG&E\u003c/a>, and public universities like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11219853/ucsf-losing-some-it-staff-to-outsourcing\">UCSF\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second major issue labor advocates have with this visa is how it is used to mistreat foreign workers. People who wish to work in the U.S. on an H-1B need a company to sponsor them for the visa, and — if they want to stay on permanently — for a green card. This leverage allows companies to discourage workers from changing jobs and to keep wages low, which they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pri.org/stories/2013-03-06/h-1b-skilled-worker-visas-under-fire\">For a story on The World in 2013\u003c/a>, I interviewed a worker who was experiencing just this. He didn’t want to use his name for fear of retaliation. He said he was getting paid 20% less than U.S. workers doing the same job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am being paid less, which sucks for me,” the programmer said, “but it also sucks for American developers because I am a threat to them in some ways. I am cheaper.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It started when he got his job offer. He felt like he had to accept a low rate because they were offering him a visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe it’s just naivete on my part but I definitely think they low-balled me and I was like, ‘OK, yeah sure,’ ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third issue with the H-1B is that a majority of the visas aren’t going to truly high-skilled workers like top college graduates and ace programmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, firms like IBM and Accenture use the visa to hire people for routine information technology work, such as server maintenance and low-level programming. And international IT contracting companies like Wipro and Infosys use the visa to offshore work, mainly to India. Contracting companies send people on H-1B visas to banks, universities, accounting firms in the U.S. Those workers then serve as liaisons to large teams, mostly in India, who work for much lower pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neeraj Gupta knows how this all works. He has had management positions at Oracle and other tech companies where he says he was instructed to outsource jobs. “I remember sitting in Washington, D.C. in 2008 with a proposal that was going to outsource 300 American jobs,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10859344/silicon-valleys-indian-community-pushes-to-reform-h1b-visa-program\">In a 2016 interview with KQED,\u003c/a> Gupta, who came to America on an H-1B visa himself, said the H-1B visa program needed to be changed so it can’t be used as an outsourcing tool. “I do believe there is an underutilized workforce here in the U.S.,” he said. “Kids who could get much more meaningful jobs in the technology industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies get so many H-1B visas for outsourcing and lower-skilled IT jobs that there aren’t enough visas left for truly high-skilled workers. The visas are distributed through a lottery system, meaning lower-skilled workers have the same chance as graduates from top U.S. colleges to get one. And there have been so many applicants in recent years, only one in three people receive a visa. That means many people who come to the U.S. and study at the best universities end up having to leave and take their talents elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Neeraj Gupta, in 2016']‘I do believe there is an underutilized workforce here in the U.S. Kids who could get much more meaningful jobs in the technology industry.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For three decades, politicians have tried and failed to address these three issues. Suggested fixes include: increasing the enforcement of the wage requirement to make sure companies are paying people on H-1Bs as much as U.S. workers; limiting the amount of time H-1B workers may work as off-site contractors to dissuade offshoring operations; and requiring more proof that companies first tried to hire an American for the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous bills proposed over the years have included some of these changes, but no bill has garnered enough support to become law. Labor advocates say that’s because Democrats and Republicans are both getting lobbied by corporations that want to maintain the lax enforcement and loopholes in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The abuses of the visa have created unlikely coalitions between lawmakers. On the one hand are anti-immigration Republicans like Sen. Chuck Grassley and former Sen. Jeff Sessions, and on the other are pro-labor Democrats like Sens. Dick Durbin and Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2007, Sanders put forward an H-1B reform bill that had support from Republicans like Grassley. When he introduced it, Sanders pointed out the hypocrisy of American companies laying off workers and simultaneously calling for increased numbers of H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t lay off large numbers of American workers and then tell us you desperately need workers, professionals from abroad,” he said. [ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEOs in the tech industry have consistently opposed efforts to tighten the rules. They say there is a shortage of skilled workers in the U.S. and that the country needs more H-1B workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is how Eric Schmidt, former CEO of Google and adviser to President Obama, put it: “I spent the last 20 years announcing that the single stupidest policy in entire America was the limit on H1B visas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor advocates say the programmer shortage is a myth. Their strongest evidence is that programmer salaries have been stagnant for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When there is a labor shortage, wages should rise as companies compete for talent. But that is not happening for programmers. Their wages are relatively stagnant. It’s similar to the story for most workers in America since the 1980s. There is no concrete evidence that companies can not find high-skilled workers in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron Hira is a political science professor at Howard University who has been following the H-1B issue for two decades. He says pro-labor Democrats have been continually blocked by those in the party who are being lobbied by people from big tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hira says the Obama administration was particularly influenced by advisers from big tech, including Schmidt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[pullquote size='medium' align='right' citation='Ron Hira, political science professor']‘The Obama administration really kowtowed to what the tech industry wanted.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Obama administration really kowtowed to what the tech industry wanted,” Hira said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Obama failed to close loopholes in the H-1B program, Trump made reform of the visa a big talking point, and the issue became wrapped up in racist, anti-immigrant rhetoric of his administration. But in four years the administration did not succeed in getting any major reform legislation passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just days before the election, however, the Department of Labor and the Department of Homeland Security proposed new \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/news/news-releases/dhs-trump-administration-protect-american-jobs-from-unfair-international-competition\">rules\u003c/a> to shore up wage requirements and limit contracting work. Some \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/trump-h1b-changes-miss-opportunity-real-reform\">immigration analysts\u003c/a> said the rules failed to deliver fundamental reform of the H-1B program. Despite the xenophobic tenor of the administration and the rushed implementation, Hira and other labor advocates supported many of the proposed changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That brings us to Biden. Labor advocates worry that he, like Obama, will be heavily influenced by tech executives and venture capitalists who donated tens of millions to his campaign, and are informally advising him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some good people on the transition teams and also good advising on the economic policy side of things,” Hira said. “Let’s hope that their voices get heard and don’t get drowned out by these corporate interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://joebiden.com/immigration/#\">The Biden-Harris transition website\u003c/a> includes a commitment to address the exploitation that hurts both U.S. and foreign skilled workers, but also a pledge to eventually expand the program. It’s a pitch to both workers and big tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11848181\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-800x342.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-800x342.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-1020x436.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-160x68.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-1536x656.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B.png 1549w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot from the Biden-Harris transition website.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Any lasting change would require legislation, which would mean getting a majority of members in the House and Senate on board. H-1B reform has had bipartisan support in the past, but today’s political climate is far more polarized. Without support for a bill, a lasting overhaul of the H-1B visa program will probably remain in limbo, where it has been for almost three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>President-elect Joe Biden is pledging to reverse a slew of Trump-era immigration restrictions, which brings up the question of what he will do with the H-1B visa for highly skilled workers. Over the last three decades, it has been a pathway to work in America for several million people, but at the same time corporations have used it to underpay foreign workers, outsource jobs and drive down wages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Biden’s campaign has said he will try to stop abuse of the visa, but he is also surrounding himself with advisers from big tech, and people in that industry have always urged expanding the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the backstory of how corporations have misused the visa and the failed attempts at reform.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story begins when Democrats and Republicans worked together to pass the Immigration Act of 1990. It greatly increased legal immigration, allowing for family reunification, a green card lottery to increase immigrant diversity and the H-1B visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At a press conference, then-Rep. Bruce Morrison, D-Connecticut, explained the visa’s purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This legislation focuses on the need for skilled workers to be brought to the United States for jobs that are not being filled and will not be filled in the near future by American workers,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The H-1B is a three-year visa, renewable once, available to 85,000 workers a year. There is no official statistic for the total number of people currently on H-1B visas in the United States, but estimates range from around 300,000 to over 500,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From the beginning, companies have abused this visa. We’re going to look at three major ways, beginning with how it is sometimes used to replace American workers with underpaid foreign workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/how-h-1b-visas-have-been-abused-since-the-beginning/\">In a “60 Minutes” story\u003c/a> from 1993, reporter Lesley Stahl describes a contracting agreement with a worker from India on an H-1B.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It tells her she will be assigned to Hewlett-Packard in California,” Stahl says, “that her salary of $250 a month will still be paid back in India and she will receive $1,300 a month for living expenses in the United States. Total that up and it comes to less than $20,000 a year, nowhere near what Hewlett-Packard would have to pay an American.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even in 1993, it would have been hard to get by in the Bay Area on double that salary. Later in the segment, Stahl talks with staffing agencies who say that American workers are being undercut by people being paid less on H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This continues to be a problem. Over the years there have been numerous examples of U.S. workers being fired and having their jobs given to people from contracting firms that rely on H-1B visas. In the last decade, U.S. workers have been replaced at companies \u003ca href=\"https://www.theatlantic.com/business/archive/2016/12/fixing-h-1b-visa-loophole/509639/\">like Disney\u003c/a>, utilities like Southern California Edison \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11304045/pge-is-using-h-1b-visas-to-send-it-jobs-overseas\">and PG&E\u003c/a>, and public universities like \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11219853/ucsf-losing-some-it-staff-to-outsourcing\">UCSF\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second major issue labor advocates have with this visa is how it is used to mistreat foreign workers. People who wish to work in the U.S. on an H-1B need a company to sponsor them for the visa, and — if they want to stay on permanently — for a green card. This leverage allows companies to discourage workers from changing jobs and to keep wages low, which they do.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.pri.org/stories/2013-03-06/h-1b-skilled-worker-visas-under-fire\">For a story on The World in 2013\u003c/a>, I interviewed a worker who was experiencing just this. He didn’t want to use his name for fear of retaliation. He said he was getting paid 20% less than U.S. workers doing the same job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I am being paid less, which sucks for me,” the programmer said, “but it also sucks for American developers because I am a threat to them in some ways. I am cheaper.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It started when he got his job offer. He felt like he had to accept a low rate because they were offering him a visa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Maybe it’s just naivete on my part but I definitely think they low-balled me and I was like, ‘OK, yeah sure,’ ” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The third issue with the H-1B is that a majority of the visas aren’t going to truly high-skilled workers like top college graduates and ace programmers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead, firms like IBM and Accenture use the visa to hire people for routine information technology work, such as server maintenance and low-level programming. And international IT contracting companies like Wipro and Infosys use the visa to offshore work, mainly to India. Contracting companies send people on H-1B visas to banks, universities, accounting firms in the U.S. Those workers then serve as liaisons to large teams, mostly in India, who work for much lower pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neeraj Gupta knows how this all works. He has had management positions at Oracle and other tech companies where he says he was instructed to outsource jobs. “I remember sitting in Washington, D.C. in 2008 with a proposal that was going to outsource 300 American jobs,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10859344/silicon-valleys-indian-community-pushes-to-reform-h1b-visa-program\">In a 2016 interview with KQED,\u003c/a> Gupta, who came to America on an H-1B visa himself, said the H-1B visa program needed to be changed so it can’t be used as an outsourcing tool. “I do believe there is an underutilized workforce here in the U.S.,” he said. “Kids who could get much more meaningful jobs in the technology industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Companies get so many H-1B visas for outsourcing and lower-skilled IT jobs that there aren’t enough visas left for truly high-skilled workers. The visas are distributed through a lottery system, meaning lower-skilled workers have the same chance as graduates from top U.S. colleges to get one. And there have been so many applicants in recent years, only one in three people receive a visa. That means many people who come to the U.S. and study at the best universities end up having to leave and take their talents elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For three decades, politicians have tried and failed to address these three issues. Suggested fixes include: increasing the enforcement of the wage requirement to make sure companies are paying people on H-1Bs as much as U.S. workers; limiting the amount of time H-1B workers may work as off-site contractors to dissuade offshoring operations; and requiring more proof that companies first tried to hire an American for the job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Numerous bills proposed over the years have included some of these changes, but no bill has garnered enough support to become law. Labor advocates say that’s because Democrats and Republicans are both getting lobbied by corporations that want to maintain the lax enforcement and loopholes in the program.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The abuses of the visa have created unlikely coalitions between lawmakers. On the one hand are anti-immigration Republicans like Sen. Chuck Grassley and former Sen. Jeff Sessions, and on the other are pro-labor Democrats like Sens. Dick Durbin and Bernie Sanders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in 2007, Sanders put forward an H-1B reform bill that had support from Republicans like Grassley. When he introduced it, Sanders pointed out the hypocrisy of American companies laying off workers and simultaneously calling for increased numbers of H-1B visas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You can’t lay off large numbers of American workers and then tell us you desperately need workers, professionals from abroad,” he said. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CEOs in the tech industry have consistently opposed efforts to tighten the rules. They say there is a shortage of skilled workers in the U.S. and that the country needs more H-1B workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Here is how Eric Schmidt, former CEO of Google and adviser to President Obama, put it: “I spent the last 20 years announcing that the single stupidest policy in entire America was the limit on H1B visas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Labor advocates say the programmer shortage is a myth. Their strongest evidence is that programmer salaries have been stagnant for decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When there is a labor shortage, wages should rise as companies compete for talent. But that is not happening for programmers. Their wages are relatively stagnant. It’s similar to the story for most workers in America since the 1980s. There is no concrete evidence that companies can not find high-skilled workers in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ron Hira is a political science professor at Howard University who has been following the H-1B issue for two decades. He says pro-labor Democrats have been continually blocked by those in the party who are being lobbied by people from big tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hira says the Obama administration was particularly influenced by advisers from big tech, including Schmidt.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Obama administration really kowtowed to what the tech industry wanted,” Hira said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Obama failed to close loopholes in the H-1B program, Trump made reform of the visa a big talking point, and the issue became wrapped up in racist, anti-immigrant rhetoric of his administration. But in four years the administration did not succeed in getting any major reform legislation passed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Just days before the election, however, the Department of Labor and the Department of Homeland Security proposed new \u003ca href=\"https://www.uscis.gov/news/news-releases/dhs-trump-administration-protect-american-jobs-from-unfair-international-competition\">rules\u003c/a> to shore up wage requirements and limit contracting work. Some \u003ca href=\"https://www.migrationpolicy.org/news/trump-h1b-changes-miss-opportunity-real-reform\">immigration analysts\u003c/a> said the rules failed to deliver fundamental reform of the H-1B program. Despite the xenophobic tenor of the administration and the rushed implementation, Hira and other labor advocates supported many of the proposed changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That brings us to Biden. Labor advocates worry that he, like Obama, will be heavily influenced by tech executives and venture capitalists who donated tens of millions to his campaign, and are informally advising him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There are some good people on the transition teams and also good advising on the economic policy side of things,” Hira said. “Let’s hope that their voices get heard and don’t get drowned out by these corporate interests.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://joebiden.com/immigration/#\">The Biden-Harris transition website\u003c/a> includes a commitment to address the exploitation that hurts both U.S. and foreign skilled workers, but also a pledge to eventually expand the program. It’s a pitch to both workers and big tech.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11848181\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11848181\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-800x342.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"342\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-800x342.png 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-1020x436.png 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-160x68.png 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B-1536x656.png 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2020/11/Biden-Harris-H1B.png 1549w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A screenshot from the Biden-Harris transition website.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Any lasting change would require legislation, which would mean getting a majority of members in the House and Senate on board. H-1B reform has had bipartisan support in the past, but today’s political climate is far more polarized. Without support for a bill, a lasting overhaul of the H-1B visa program will probably remain in limbo, where it has been for almost three decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>President Trump’s executive order to suspend new H-1B, L-1 and other temporary work visas for skilled workers and managers through the end of the year has met with broad criticism in Silicon Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The L-1 visa that allows companies to transfer employees from overseas offices and the H-1B program for workers in specialty occupations are both popular with tech companies. Several tech executives were quick to condemn the executive order on Twitter, including Tim Cook, CEO of Apple.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://twitter.com/tim_cook/status/1275407136256712707\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Facebook spokesman Andy Stone wrote KQED, “President Trump’s latest proclamation uses the COVID-19 pandemic as justification for limiting immigration. In reality, the move to keep highly-skilled talent out of the US will make our country’s recovery even more difficult. America is a nation of immigrants and our economy and country benefit when we encourage talented people from around the world to live, work, and contribute here. That’s more true now than ever.”[pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"— Jose Castaneda, Google spokesman\"]‘America’s continued success depends on companies having access to the best talent from around the world. Particularly now, we need that talent to help contribute to America’s economic recovery.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Google spokesman Jose Castaneda wrote KQED, “Immigrants have not only fueled technological breakthroughs and created new businesses and jobs but have also enriched American life. America’s continued success depends on companies having access to the best talent from around the world. Particularly now, we need that talent to help contribute to America’s economic recovery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s professed goal of providing new jobs to those who lost work because of the coronavirus pandemic has also met with widespread ridicule, even from those critical of Silicon Valley and the documented \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10859344/silicon-valleys-indian-community-pushes-to-reform-h1b-visa-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abuses\u003c/a> of the H-1B visa to employ more compliant highly skilled labor at cheaper prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Hastings law professor Veena Dubal wrote KQED, “Many of these jobs can be done remotely, so I suspect that is how companies will handle the blow to their workforce.” She added, that the concept these jobs would be filled by a native U.S. workforce seems disingenuous. “This is a good example of how the racism and xenophobia that appears to guide this administration’s approach to immigration extends across the class divide and is (like racism more generally) illogical.” [pullquote size=\"medium\" align=\"right\" citation=\"—Veena Dubal, UC Hastings law professor\"]‘This is a good example of how the racism and xenophobia that appears to guide this administration’s approach to immigration extends across the class divide and is (like racism more generally) illogical.’[/pullquote]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new restrictions will take effect on June 24. The order is not expected to affect immigrants and visa holders already in the U.S., other than their \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701936/spouses-of-h-1b-visa-holders-could-soon-lose-the-right-to-work-in-the-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">spouses\u003c/a>, who have already been put on notice that the Trump administration does not want them working. Still, the order sends a chilling message to immigrants living in the San Francisco Bay Area on visas, along with their families, wrote one person who asked to remain anonymous for fear of reprisal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I read through the news, I went through the roller coaster of emotions,” she wrote KQED. “By only the stroke of luck, we were in the United States while the COVID-19 madness began,” she said. Her family had plans to visit India in December 2019, but they postponed this to June 2020 to give the family enough time to get visas stamped from the consulate. [aside tag=\"immigration\" label=\"More Related Coverage\"] She explained that if they had made the trip in 2019, and the process of getting the visas stamped had taken longer than expected, they would not have been in the U.S. and may not have been allowed to return. “A simple trip back home would have been the most life-changing event of our life,” she said, “our trip to India is now postponed indefinitely.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like others familiar with immigration law, she suspects H-1B/L-1 visa holders who are currently outside the United States will continue to work for Silicon Valley companies remotely. “In that case, they will not pay taxes in the USA, purchase their groceries here or pay rent here,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\n\u003cp>Facebook spokesman Andy Stone wrote KQED, “President Trump’s latest proclamation uses the COVID-19 pandemic as justification for limiting immigration. In reality, the move to keep highly-skilled talent out of the US will make our country’s recovery even more difficult. America is a nation of immigrants and our economy and country benefit when we encourage talented people from around the world to live, work, and contribute here. That’s more true now than ever.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s professed goal of providing new jobs to those who lost work because of the coronavirus pandemic has also met with widespread ridicule, even from those critical of Silicon Valley and the documented \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/10859344/silicon-valleys-indian-community-pushes-to-reform-h1b-visa-program\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">abuses\u003c/a> of the H-1B visa to employ more compliant highly skilled labor at cheaper prices.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>UC Hastings law professor Veena Dubal wrote KQED, “Many of these jobs can be done remotely, so I suspect that is how companies will handle the blow to their workforce.” She added, that the concept these jobs would be filled by a native U.S. workforce seems disingenuous. “This is a good example of how the racism and xenophobia that appears to guide this administration’s approach to immigration extends across the class divide and is (like racism more generally) illogical.” \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new restrictions will take effect on June 24. The order is not expected to affect immigrants and visa holders already in the U.S., other than their \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11701936/spouses-of-h-1b-visa-holders-could-soon-lose-the-right-to-work-in-the-u-s\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">spouses\u003c/a>, who have already been put on notice that the Trump administration does not want them working. Still, the order sends a chilling message to immigrants living in the San Francisco Bay Area on visas, along with their families, wrote one person who asked to remain anonymous for fear of reprisal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As I read through the news, I went through the roller coaster of emotions,” she wrote KQED. “By only the stroke of luck, we were in the United States while the COVID-19 madness began,” she said. Her family had plans to visit India in December 2019, but they postponed this to June 2020 to give the family enough time to get visas stamped from the consulate. \u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"soldout": {
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"title": "SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America",
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