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"disqusTitle": "George Takei Got Reparations. He Says They 'Strengthen the Integrity of America'",
"title": "George Takei Got Reparations. He Says They 'Strengthen the Integrity of America'",
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"content": "\u003cp>On Feb. 19, 1942, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. It \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/japanese-relocation#background\">sent approximately 70,000 U.S. citizens\u003c/a> into \u003ca href=\"#concentrationcamp\">concentration camps\u003c/a> for years, including a very young \u003ca href=\"https://www.georgetakei.com/\">George Takei\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was 5 years old at the time,\" recalls the actor. \"It was a terrorizing morning I will never be able to forget. Literally at gunpoint, we were ordered out of our home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Best known for playing Mr. Sulu in the original \"Star Trek,\" Takei is a longtime activist whose causes have included LGBTQ rights and reparations for Japanese American survivors of concentration camps. In 1942, his family was sent to Rohwer War Relocation Center in Arkansas, then later to Tule Lake Segregation Center in Northern California. The Takei family was among thousands of American families who lost their homes, farms, stores, cars, churches, temples and countless belongings because of xenophobia and racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people had their life savings taken from them just because we looked like the people who bombed Pearl Harbor,\" Takei says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11905725\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11905725 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/gettyimages-2696598-c8618e2cb82ad24872943ba94c33ff875df34960-scaled-e1645224923493.jpg\" alt=\"black and white photo of a car in front of a downtown Oakland storefront, with a large sign saying 'I AM AN AMERICAN' hung above the entrance\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign on the Wanto Co. grocery store in Oakland on Dec. 8, 1941, the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. The store was closed and the Matsuda family, who owned it, was relocated and incarcerated by the U.S. government. \u003ccite>(Dorothea Lange/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Collectively, Japanese Americans forced into concentration camps lost more than $6 billion adjusted for inflation, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.upi.com/Archives/1983/06/15/The-economic-losses-of-Japanese-Americans-interned-during-World-War/5877424497600/\">an estimate from the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a story George Takei has told over and over: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/17/742558996/george-takei-recalls-time-in-an-american-internment-camp-in-they-called-us-enemy\">in a memoir\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-Bo59p_B7U\">on Broadway\u003c/a>, and to members of Congress in 1981. Takei testified at a hearing as part of an effort to push for redress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I urge restitution for the incarceration of Japanese Americans because that restitution would, at the same time, be a bold move to strengthen the integrity of America,\" Takei told a federal commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with other activists, he succeeded. In 1988, President Ronald Reagan, a Republican, signed legislation to give $20,000 and a formal apology to Japanese Americans who had survived incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Takei dedicated the money he received from the federal government to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.janm.org/\">Japanese American National Museum\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. Now, he's a passionate supporter of redress for descendants of enslaved people in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For us, it was four horrific years,\" Takei says. \"For African Americans, it's four torturous centuries.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside label='Reparations in California' tag='california-reparations']Such solidarity warms the heart of \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/experts/andre-m-perry/\">Andre Perry, a renowned scholar of reparations and a senior fellow at the Brookings Institute\u003c/a>. \"George is exerting a level of patriotism that we don't see today,\" he says. \"You can be of a different persuasion but share a common cause, a common purpose. I may not be related to you, but civically, I'm your brother. I'm your sister. I'm your friend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If he were around, I'd give him a big hug,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perry notes that the historic experiences of Black Americans and Japanese Americans are obviously very different, but ultimately, he says, it's about getting to a similar place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even with slavery, it's not impossible to find out who deserves reparations,\" he points out. \"And it's clearly not impossible with redlining and criminal justice atrocities. That was not that long ago. We can identify who is injured and who deserves how much. It's really about willingness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11905726\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11905726\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/gettyimages-151717374-53de73ad756ea52c6bb54825cb15b48019312275-scaled-e1645226050120.jpg\" alt=\"profile shot of george takei\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1439\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actor George Takei in Hollywood in September 2012. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, composer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kenjibunch.net/\">Kenji Bunch\u003c/a> set George Takei's testimony before Congress to music. His piece, called \"Lost Freedom: A Memory,\" premiered at the Moab Music Festival. Takei himself provided narration. \"I believe that America today is strong enough and confident enough to recognize a grievous failure,\" he reads in his inimitable baritone. \"I believe that it is honest enough to acknowledge that damage was done. And I would like to think it is honorable enough to provide proper restitution to the injury that was done.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does George Takei still believe that in 2022? He says he does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he believes America — and Americans — are still strong and honorable enough for the best of this country's ideals to prevail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca id=\"concentrationcamp\">\u003c/a>Editor's note: KQED is using the term \"concentration camp\" to describe the facilities in which Japanese American and Japanese people were imprisoned by the United States during World War II. The term \"internment\" most appropriately applies to the detention of foreign nationals during wartime — but during World War II, 70,000 U.S. citizens were incarcerated in camps. The phrase \"internment camp,\" in this context, is a euphemism and therefore misleading. \"Concentration camp\" is most associated with the facilities where millions of Jewish (and non-Jewish) people were forcibly relocated and massacred by the Nazis during the Holocaust. It is also appropriate for the experience of Japanese and Japanese American people in the U.S. during World War II, as the definition of \"concentration camp\" is \"a place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a relatively small area with inadequate facilities, sometimes to provide forced labor or to await mass execution.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=George+Takei+got+reparations.+He+says+they+%27strengthen+the+integrity+of+America%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>On Feb. 19, 1942, President Franklin Delano Roosevelt signed Executive Order 9066. It \u003ca href=\"https://www.archives.gov/education/lessons/japanese-relocation#background\">sent approximately 70,000 U.S. citizens\u003c/a> into \u003ca href=\"#concentrationcamp\">concentration camps\u003c/a> for years, including a very young \u003ca href=\"https://www.georgetakei.com/\">George Takei\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I was 5 years old at the time,\" recalls the actor. \"It was a terrorizing morning I will never be able to forget. Literally at gunpoint, we were ordered out of our home.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Best known for playing Mr. Sulu in the original \"Star Trek,\" Takei is a longtime activist whose causes have included LGBTQ rights and reparations for Japanese American survivors of concentration camps. In 1942, his family was sent to Rohwer War Relocation Center in Arkansas, then later to Tule Lake Segregation Center in Northern California. The Takei family was among thousands of American families who lost their homes, farms, stores, cars, churches, temples and countless belongings because of xenophobia and racism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Some people had their life savings taken from them just because we looked like the people who bombed Pearl Harbor,\" Takei says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11905725\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11905725 size-full\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/gettyimages-2696598-c8618e2cb82ad24872943ba94c33ff875df34960-scaled-e1645224923493.jpg\" alt=\"black and white photo of a car in front of a downtown Oakland storefront, with a large sign saying 'I AM AN AMERICAN' hung above the entrance\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1440\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A sign on the Wanto Co. grocery store in Oakland on Dec. 8, 1941, the day after the attack on Pearl Harbor. The store was closed and the Matsuda family, who owned it, was relocated and incarcerated by the U.S. government. \u003ccite>(Dorothea Lange/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Collectively, Japanese Americans forced into concentration camps lost more than $6 billion adjusted for inflation, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.upi.com/Archives/1983/06/15/The-economic-losses-of-Japanese-Americans-interned-during-World-War/5877424497600/\">an estimate from the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is a story George Takei has told over and over: \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2019/07/17/742558996/george-takei-recalls-time-in-an-american-internment-camp-in-they-called-us-enemy\">in a memoir\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E-Bo59p_B7U\">on Broadway\u003c/a>, and to members of Congress in 1981. Takei testified at a hearing as part of an effort to push for redress.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I urge restitution for the incarceration of Japanese Americans because that restitution would, at the same time, be a bold move to strengthen the integrity of America,\" Takei told a federal commission.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Working with other activists, he succeeded. In 1988, President Ronald Reagan, a Republican, signed legislation to give $20,000 and a formal apology to Japanese Americans who had survived incarceration.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>George Takei dedicated the money he received from the federal government to the \u003ca href=\"https://www.janm.org/\">Japanese American National Museum\u003c/a> in Los Angeles. Now, he's a passionate supporter of redress for descendants of enslaved people in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"For us, it was four horrific years,\" Takei says. \"For African Americans, it's four torturous centuries.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Such solidarity warms the heart of \u003ca href=\"https://www.brookings.edu/experts/andre-m-perry/\">Andre Perry, a renowned scholar of reparations and a senior fellow at the Brookings Institute\u003c/a>. \"George is exerting a level of patriotism that we don't see today,\" he says. \"You can be of a different persuasion but share a common cause, a common purpose. I may not be related to you, but civically, I'm your brother. I'm your sister. I'm your friend.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"If he were around, I'd give him a big hug,\" he adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Perry notes that the historic experiences of Black Americans and Japanese Americans are obviously very different, but ultimately, he says, it's about getting to a similar place.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Even with slavery, it's not impossible to find out who deserves reparations,\" he points out. \"And it's clearly not impossible with redlining and criminal justice atrocities. That was not that long ago. We can identify who is injured and who deserves how much. It's really about willingness.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11905726\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-full wp-image-11905726\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2022/02/gettyimages-151717374-53de73ad756ea52c6bb54825cb15b48019312275-scaled-e1645226050120.jpg\" alt=\"profile shot of george takei\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1439\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Actor George Takei in Hollywood in September 2012. \u003ccite>(Robyn Beck/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Last year, composer \u003ca href=\"https://www.kenjibunch.net/\">Kenji Bunch\u003c/a> set George Takei's testimony before Congress to music. His piece, called \"Lost Freedom: A Memory,\" premiered at the Moab Music Festival. Takei himself provided narration. \"I believe that America today is strong enough and confident enough to recognize a grievous failure,\" he reads in his inimitable baritone. \"I believe that it is honest enough to acknowledge that damage was done. And I would like to think it is honorable enough to provide proper restitution to the injury that was done.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Does George Takei still believe that in 2022? He says he does.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says he believes America — and Americans — are still strong and honorable enough for the best of this country's ideals to prevail.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003ca id=\"concentrationcamp\">\u003c/a>Editor's note: KQED is using the term \"concentration camp\" to describe the facilities in which Japanese American and Japanese people were imprisoned by the United States during World War II. The term \"internment\" most appropriately applies to the detention of foreign nationals during wartime — but during World War II, 70,000 U.S. citizens were incarcerated in camps. The phrase \"internment camp,\" in this context, is a euphemism and therefore misleading. \"Concentration camp\" is most associated with the facilities where millions of Jewish (and non-Jewish) people were forcibly relocated and massacred by the Nazis during the Holocaust. It is also appropriate for the experience of Japanese and Japanese American people in the U.S. during World War II, as the definition of \"concentration camp\" is \"a place where large numbers of people, especially political prisoners or members of persecuted minorities, are deliberately imprisoned in a relatively small area with inadequate facilities, sometimes to provide forced labor or to await mass execution.\"\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2022 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=George+Takei+got+reparations.+He+says+they+%27strengthen+the+integrity+of+America%27+&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"title": "Berkeley's Talking About Sugar -- And the Conversation Isn't Sweet",
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"headTitle": "Berkeley’s Talking About Sugar — And the Conversation Isn’t Sweet | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_147516\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/soda.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-147516\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/soda-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Soft drinks are a substantial presence at most markets, including this one on Shattuck Avenue in Berkeley. (Patricia Yollin/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soft drinks are a substantial presence at most markets, including this one on Shattuck Avenue in Berkeley. (Patricia Yollin/KQED) \u003ccite>(Patricia Yollin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Berkeley, a place where politics is rarely sweet, sugar is an especially bitter topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now it’s the talk of the town – in the form of six conversations leading up to the vote on \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyvsbigsoda.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure D,\u003c/a> a tax on sugary drinks on the November ballot. \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.sodaseries.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Soda: the Series”\u003c/a> is taking a look at the impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on people’s health and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first conversation, which occurred on the evening of Sept. 4, featured four Bay Area health professionals who brought passion, anger and plenty of science to the Hillside Club in North Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.lustig\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Robert Lustig,\u003c/a> a pediatric endocrinologist at UCSF, started off his presentation by saying he had no opinion on Measure D because \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.ucop.edu/state-governmental-relations/advocacy/legal-guidelines-ballot-campaigns.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">university policy\u003c/a> doesn’t allow it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But you can’t understand the referendum unless you understand the science,” Lustig said. “And that’s my job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With prosecutorial zeal, he picked apart the sugar industry’s contention that its product is harmless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lustig quoted Paul van der Velpen, head of Amsterdam’s health service, who \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/netherlands/10314705/Sugar-is-addictive-and-the-most-dangerous-drug-of-the-times.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wants to see sugar closely regulated\u003c/a> and has said that sugar is addictive and the most dangerous drug of the times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a public health official in the Netherlands,” Lustig said. “And \u003cem>they\u003c/em> know something about drugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He criticized the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.coca-colacompany.com/stories/what-is-weighing-us-down-new-infographic-shows-how-calorie-imbalance-impacts-us-all\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Coming Together” campaign\u003c/a> by the Coca-Cola Co., which was launched last year to fight obesity. It maintains that all calories count and that they’re interchangeable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) what the data say is that some calories cause disease more than others because different calories are metabolized differently in our bodies,” Lustig said. “Where they come from has everything to do with where they go. It’s called nutritional biochemistry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, a calorie is not a calorie, he said. It’s true that a calorie burned is a calorie burned. But a calorie eaten is not a calorie eaten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does sugar cause weight gain? Yes. Is sugar a cause of obesity in some? Likely. Is sugar \u003cem>the\u003c/em> cause of obesity? Not even close,” said Lustig, who mentioned a study showing it comes in third behind French fries and potato chips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then why pick on sugar, he asked, if it’s just another source of empty calories? “That’s the question,” he said. “And I’ll tell you: Who cares? Because obesity is not the problem. It never was. It’s what the food industry wants you to believe is the problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People don’t die of obesity, Lustig said. Instead, they die of the diseases associated with metabolic syndrome, a cluster of factors elevating the risk of cardiovascular ailments and other health problems, especially \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.diabetes.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diabetes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where the money goes: $2.7 trillion spent on health care in America last year, 75 percent for chronic metabolic diseases – and 75 percent of (those) are preventable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health (WATCH) program at UCSF, said diabetes is increasing worldwide by 4 percent a year while obesity is rising 1 percent. They are not the same, he emphasized. Iceland and Mongolia, for example, have high obesity rates but not much diabetes, while India and China are the reverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0057873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A study he co-authored\u003c/a> that was published last year asked a central question: What about the world’s diet is making diabetes increase over time? The researchers found that only changes in sugar availability predicted changes in the prevalence of diabetes. Total calories did not. For every 150 extra calories eaten worldwide, diabetes prevalence went up 0.1 percent – but it jumped eleven-fold if those calories happened to be in a can of soda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sugar is not bad because it’s calories,” Lustig said. “Sugar is bad because it’s sugar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever a country changed its sugar consumption, the rate of diabetes changed three years later. Cross-sectional studies don’t see that because it takes three years. “But it happens – in both directions. Proof positive: Causation,” said Lustig, author of “Fat Chance: Beating the Odds Against Suger, Processed Food, Obesity, and Disease,” a New York Times best-seller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sugar and alcohol are metabolized in the same way, he said, and now children are getting the diseases associated with alcoholism. According to the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Heart Association,\u003c/a> people in the United States are consuming on average 22 teaspoons of added sugar a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re supposed to reduce that to nine for males, six for females and four teaspoons for children,” Lustig said. But there are more than nine teaspoons in a 12-ounce bottle of Coke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Can our toxic food environment be changed without some sort of societal intervention, especially if there are potentially addictive substances involved?” Lustig asked. “… And can we afford to wait to enact those public health measures when health care will be bankrupt due to chronic metabolic disease? Medicare will be broke by the year 2026 if we do nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said public health prevention is the best approach. “It’s radical, it’s powerful and it always works,” Lustig said. “And the reason it works is because it changes the environment, not the behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are three ways to do it: taxation, restriction of access or interdiction, which he said is just not feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It didn’t work for alcohol,” Lustig said. “We’re not going to have ice cream soda speakeasies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What to do and how to do it is a question that will be debated in the coming weeks both in Berkeley and San Francisco, \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/City_of_San_Francisco_Sugary_Drink_Tax_(November_2014)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">where Measure E, a soda tax\u003c/a>, is also on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lustig rested his case with a reference to Credit Suisse, an international financial services company that published a research report for its investors in September 2013. It’s called \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"https://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=780BF4A8-B3D1-13A0-D2514E21EFFB0479\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Sugar: Consumption at a crossroads.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe higher taxation on ‘sugary’ food and drinks would be the best option to reduce sugar intake and help fund the fast-growing healthcare costs associated with diabetes Type II and obesity,” the report said on Page 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A global investment bank calling for taxation,” Lustig concluded. “Because that’s how big and bad this problem has gotten.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://ucbphn.com/faculty/pat-crawford/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pat Crawford,\u003c/a> director of the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://cwh.berkeley.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Atkins Center for Weight & Health at UC Berkeley,\u003c/a> mentioned one successful public health approach. In September 2005, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed legislation banning the sale of junk food and soft drinks in the state’s public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been measuring kids’ diets and we can see the changes in the diets,” Crawford said, speaking of the center’s work. “… But the fact is it’s not enough. … We need other kinds of approaches that will do the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of all added sugar in the nation’s food supply comes from sugar-sweetened beverages, she said, and that doesn’t include fruit juice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://sph.berkeley.edu/john-swartzberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. John Swartzberg,\u003c/a> chair of the editorial board of the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.berkeleywellness.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Berkeley Wellness Letter,\u003c/a> said cigarette smoking was the big problem in this country during the 25 years he practiced internal medicine in Berkeley. If trends continue, he said, deaths related to obesity will soon overtake those caused by smoking as the No. 1 preventable cause of death. Currently, 34 percent of adults in the United States are obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said American adults get about 13 percent of their daily calories from added sugar — and sugar-sweetened beverages are by far the biggest source. These SSBs account for about 16 percent of the total caloric intake nationwide of children and adolescents — consumption among young people has skyrocketed 300 percent in the past two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alameda County, more than half of all adults and one-third of all school-age children are overweight or obese, Swartzberg said. About a third of children ages 2 to 11, and almost two-thirds of adolescents in the county, drink more than one sugar-sweetened beverage a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statistics were grim and, by the end of his talk, Swartzberg had broadened the bad news from the local and national level to beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worldwide today there are an estimated 382 million people with diabetes,” he said. “We’ve essentially exported our diet to other countries,” including those where the prevalence of the disease was low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the United States, as many as one in three Americans could have diabetes by 2050 — “an amazing number of people,” Swartzberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another speaker, \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.chori.org/Principal_Investigators/Tester_June/tester_overview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. June Tester,\u003c/a> co-director of the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.childrenshospitaloakland.org/main/departments-services/healthy-hearts-program-30.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthy Hearts program at Children’s Hospital Oakland,\u003c/a> said she went into pediatrics because she didn’t want to nag people to take their blood pressure medications or watch their blood sugar levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oddly, that’s actually what I do,” Tester said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said parents are frequently shocked at how much of a jump-start their children have on adult diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had only 30 seconds of your time, the one thing I would talk to you about is what your child drinks,” said Tester, who stressed that sugar-sweetened beverages and sodas are the most important things to cut out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She mentioned one success story: a boy from Tracy named \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/election2012/2012/10/12/can-a-penny-an-ounce-soda-tax-curb-obesity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jorge Cota, who was interviewed\u003c/a> by KQED’s Mina Kim two years ago when he was 17. The year before, his blood pressure was so high that Tester had sent him home with blood pressure medication the very day she’d met him. During that visit, when he weighed 321 pounds, he learned that he was a pre-diabetic and that there might be something wrong with his heart or kidneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He loved Dr. Pepper and drank two or three cans or bottles of soda a day, equivalent to as many as 50 teaspoons of sugar. After eliminating sugar-sweetened beverages and junk food, he lost 70 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tester said most kids who are overweight or obese have heard the message that sugary drinks are problematic, but it’s a way of daily life for so many of them — and it’s hard to compete with advertising, which taps into the social aspect of soda consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She showed a Coke ad that featured dogs and dancing. “It’s pretty hard to be a do-gooder when you’re battling fun and love and friendship,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unintentional sabotage also plays a role. Even children whose parents never buy soda get it at parties or friends’ houses or while visiting relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a way, this is kind of like secondhand soda exposure,” Tester said, as the audience laughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also mentioned that some of her patients put sugar on Fruit Loops cereal because they don’t think it’s sweet enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure D calls for soda distributors to pay a tax of a penny per ounce. They should be so lucky, Tester said. “Why does Coke get to fund feel-good stuff?” she asked. Instead, she suggested the company pay for the next 45-year-old man who has a liver transplant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://noberkeleybeveragetax.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No on D\u003c/a> proponents disagree with the sugar tax for several reasons. They say that there are too many arbitrary exemptions, that there’s no accountability for how the money would be spent, that it’s inconsistent and that it would make all of our food more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next conversation in “Soda: the Series” takes place this Saturday. It’s titled \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.sodaseries.org/soda_and_kids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Soda & Kids: A Predatory Relationship & How We Can Fight Back.”\u003c/a> Judging by the inaugural event, it will draw a big crowd and plenty of questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the questions asked on Sept. 4:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Are diet sodas safe?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSwartzberg said there’s a dearth of data. Lustig elaborated on why: The Food and Drug Administration doesn’t ask for information, the food industry doesn’t provide it and the National Institutes of Health won’t pay for it.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do all these kids who are getting diabetes do any exercise?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTester said exercise can’t compensate for a shoddy diet. And Lustig described Sami Inkinen, a triathlete who couldn’t exercise his way out of his pre-diabetes because of all the Gatorade he drank. Finally, he cut out soda and sports drinks, and rowed with his wife from California to Hawaii. Inkinen’s story is featured on the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.responsiblefoods.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">website of the Institute for Responsible Nutrition\u003c/a>, which Lustig co-founded.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>If soda and juice are the same, couldn’t the soda industry say, “What are you going to do next, tax juice?”\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBerkeley City Councilman Laurie Capitelli, who hosted the event, said Measure D is a baby step, not a silver bullet, and that it can’t cover everything. “As a culture, we’re allowing our kids to poison themselves. We need to incrementally begin to back off on that. And Measure D is a start.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_147516\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/soda.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-147516\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/soda-640x480.jpg\" alt=\"Soft drinks are a substantial presence at most markets, including this one on Shattuck Avenue in Berkeley. (Patricia Yollin/KQED)\" width=\"640\" height=\"480\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Soft drinks are a substantial presence at most markets, including this one on Shattuck Avenue in Berkeley. (Patricia Yollin/KQED) \u003ccite>(Patricia Yollin/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In Berkeley, a place where politics is rarely sweet, sugar is an especially bitter topic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Right now it’s the talk of the town – in the form of six conversations leading up to the vote on \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.berkeleyvsbigsoda.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Measure D,\u003c/a> a tax on sugary drinks on the November ballot. \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.sodaseries.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Soda: the Series”\u003c/a> is taking a look at the impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on people’s health and the environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The first conversation, which occurred on the evening of Sept. 4, featured four Bay Area health professionals who brought passion, anger and plenty of science to the Hillside Club in North Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://profiles.ucsf.edu/robert.lustig\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. Robert Lustig,\u003c/a> a pediatric endocrinologist at UCSF, started off his presentation by saying he had no opinion on Measure D because \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.ucop.edu/state-governmental-relations/advocacy/legal-guidelines-ballot-campaigns.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">university policy\u003c/a> doesn’t allow it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But you can’t understand the referendum unless you understand the science,” Lustig said. “And that’s my job.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With prosecutorial zeal, he picked apart the sugar industry’s contention that its product is harmless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lustig quoted Paul van der Velpen, head of Amsterdam’s health service, who \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/netherlands/10314705/Sugar-is-addictive-and-the-most-dangerous-drug-of-the-times.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">wants to see sugar closely regulated\u003c/a> and has said that sugar is addictive and the most dangerous drug of the times.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s a public health official in the Netherlands,” Lustig said. “And \u003cem>they\u003c/em> know something about drugs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He criticized the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.coca-colacompany.com/stories/what-is-weighing-us-down-new-infographic-shows-how-calorie-imbalance-impacts-us-all\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Coming Together” campaign\u003c/a> by the Coca-Cola Co., which was launched last year to fight obesity. It maintains that all calories count and that they’re interchangeable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“(But) what the data say is that some calories cause disease more than others because different calories are metabolized differently in our bodies,” Lustig said. “Where they come from has everything to do with where they go. It’s called nutritional biochemistry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, a calorie is not a calorie, he said. It’s true that a calorie burned is a calorie burned. But a calorie eaten is not a calorie eaten.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Does sugar cause weight gain? Yes. Is sugar a cause of obesity in some? Likely. Is sugar \u003cem>the\u003c/em> cause of obesity? Not even close,” said Lustig, who mentioned a study showing it comes in third behind French fries and potato chips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Then why pick on sugar, he asked, if it’s just another source of empty calories? “That’s the question,” he said. “And I’ll tell you: Who cares? Because obesity is not the problem. It never was. It’s what the food industry wants you to believe is the problem.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People don’t die of obesity, Lustig said. Instead, they die of the diseases associated with metabolic syndrome, a cluster of factors elevating the risk of cardiovascular ailments and other health problems, especially \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.diabetes.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">diabetes.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That’s where the money goes: $2.7 trillion spent on health care in America last year, 75 percent for chronic metabolic diseases – and 75 percent of (those) are preventable,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lustig, director of the Weight Assessment for Teen and Child Health (WATCH) program at UCSF, said diabetes is increasing worldwide by 4 percent a year while obesity is rising 1 percent. They are not the same, he emphasized. Iceland and Mongolia, for example, have high obesity rates but not much diabetes, while India and China are the reverse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0057873\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">A study he co-authored\u003c/a> that was published last year asked a central question: What about the world’s diet is making diabetes increase over time? The researchers found that only changes in sugar availability predicted changes in the prevalence of diabetes. Total calories did not. For every 150 extra calories eaten worldwide, diabetes prevalence went up 0.1 percent – but it jumped eleven-fold if those calories happened to be in a can of soda.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sugar is not bad because it’s calories,” Lustig said. “Sugar is bad because it’s sugar.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whenever a country changed its sugar consumption, the rate of diabetes changed three years later. Cross-sectional studies don’t see that because it takes three years. “But it happens – in both directions. Proof positive: Causation,” said Lustig, author of “Fat Chance: Beating the Odds Against Suger, Processed Food, Obesity, and Disease,” a New York Times best-seller.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sugar and alcohol are metabolized in the same way, he said, and now children are getting the diseases associated with alcoholism. According to the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">American Heart Association,\u003c/a> people in the United States are consuming on average 22 teaspoons of added sugar a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re supposed to reduce that to nine for males, six for females and four teaspoons for children,” Lustig said. But there are more than nine teaspoons in a 12-ounce bottle of Coke.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Can our toxic food environment be changed without some sort of societal intervention, especially if there are potentially addictive substances involved?” Lustig asked. “… And can we afford to wait to enact those public health measures when health care will be bankrupt due to chronic metabolic disease? Medicare will be broke by the year 2026 if we do nothing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said public health prevention is the best approach. “It’s radical, it’s powerful and it always works,” Lustig said. “And the reason it works is because it changes the environment, not the behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There are three ways to do it: taxation, restriction of access or interdiction, which he said is just not feasible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It didn’t work for alcohol,” Lustig said. “We’re not going to have ice cream soda speakeasies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What to do and how to do it is a question that will be debated in the coming weeks both in Berkeley and San Francisco, \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://ballotpedia.org/City_of_San_Francisco_Sugary_Drink_Tax_(November_2014)\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">where Measure E, a soda tax\u003c/a>, is also on the ballot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lustig rested his case with a reference to Credit Suisse, an international financial services company that published a research report for its investors in September 2013. It’s called \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"https://publications.credit-suisse.com/tasks/render/file/index.cfm?fileid=780BF4A8-B3D1-13A0-D2514E21EFFB0479\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Sugar: Consumption at a crossroads.”\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We believe higher taxation on ‘sugary’ food and drinks would be the best option to reduce sugar intake and help fund the fast-growing healthcare costs associated with diabetes Type II and obesity,” the report said on Page 26.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A global investment bank calling for taxation,” Lustig concluded. “Because that’s how big and bad this problem has gotten.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://ucbphn.com/faculty/pat-crawford/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Pat Crawford,\u003c/a> director of the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://cwh.berkeley.edu\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Atkins Center for Weight & Health at UC Berkeley,\u003c/a> mentioned one successful public health approach. In September 2005, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger signed legislation banning the sale of junk food and soft drinks in the state’s public schools.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been measuring kids’ diets and we can see the changes in the diets,” Crawford said, speaking of the center’s work. “… But the fact is it’s not enough. … We need other kinds of approaches that will do the same thing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Half of all added sugar in the nation’s food supply comes from sugar-sweetened beverages, she said, and that doesn’t include fruit juice.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://sph.berkeley.edu/john-swartzberg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. John Swartzberg,\u003c/a> chair of the editorial board of the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.berkeleywellness.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UC Berkeley Wellness Letter,\u003c/a> said cigarette smoking was the big problem in this country during the 25 years he practiced internal medicine in Berkeley. If trends continue, he said, deaths related to obesity will soon overtake those caused by smoking as the No. 1 preventable cause of death. Currently, 34 percent of adults in the United States are obese.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said American adults get about 13 percent of their daily calories from added sugar — and sugar-sweetened beverages are by far the biggest source. These SSBs account for about 16 percent of the total caloric intake nationwide of children and adolescents — consumption among young people has skyrocketed 300 percent in the past two decades.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Alameda County, more than half of all adults and one-third of all school-age children are overweight or obese, Swartzberg said. About a third of children ages 2 to 11, and almost two-thirds of adolescents in the county, drink more than one sugar-sweetened beverage a day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The statistics were grim and, by the end of his talk, Swartzberg had broadened the bad news from the local and national level to beyond.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Worldwide today there are an estimated 382 million people with diabetes,” he said. “We’ve essentially exported our diet to other countries,” including those where the prevalence of the disease was low.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the United States, as many as one in three Americans could have diabetes by 2050 — “an amazing number of people,” Swartzberg said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another speaker, \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.chori.org/Principal_Investigators/Tester_June/tester_overview.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Dr. June Tester,\u003c/a> co-director of the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.childrenshospitaloakland.org/main/departments-services/healthy-hearts-program-30.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Healthy Hearts program at Children’s Hospital Oakland,\u003c/a> said she went into pediatrics because she didn’t want to nag people to take their blood pressure medications or watch their blood sugar levels.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Oddly, that’s actually what I do,” Tester said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She said parents are frequently shocked at how much of a jump-start their children have on adult diseases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I had only 30 seconds of your time, the one thing I would talk to you about is what your child drinks,” said Tester, who stressed that sugar-sweetened beverages and sodas are the most important things to cut out.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She mentioned one success story: a boy from Tracy named \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://blogs.kqed.org/election2012/2012/10/12/can-a-penny-an-ounce-soda-tax-curb-obesity/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Jorge Cota, who was interviewed\u003c/a> by KQED’s Mina Kim two years ago when he was 17. The year before, his blood pressure was so high that Tester had sent him home with blood pressure medication the very day she’d met him. During that visit, when he weighed 321 pounds, he learned that he was a pre-diabetic and that there might be something wrong with his heart or kidneys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He loved Dr. Pepper and drank two or three cans or bottles of soda a day, equivalent to as many as 50 teaspoons of sugar. After eliminating sugar-sweetened beverages and junk food, he lost 70 pounds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tester said most kids who are overweight or obese have heard the message that sugary drinks are problematic, but it’s a way of daily life for so many of them — and it’s hard to compete with advertising, which taps into the social aspect of soda consumption.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She showed a Coke ad that featured dogs and dancing. “It’s pretty hard to be a do-gooder when you’re battling fun and love and friendship,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Unintentional sabotage also plays a role. Even children whose parents never buy soda get it at parties or friends’ houses or while visiting relatives.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a way, this is kind of like secondhand soda exposure,” Tester said, as the audience laughed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She also mentioned that some of her patients put sugar on Fruit Loops cereal because they don’t think it’s sweet enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Measure D calls for soda distributors to pay a tax of a penny per ounce. They should be so lucky, Tester said. “Why does Coke get to fund feel-good stuff?” she asked. Instead, she suggested the company pay for the next 45-year-old man who has a liver transplant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://noberkeleybeveragetax.com\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">No on D\u003c/a> proponents disagree with the sugar tax for several reasons. They say that there are too many arbitrary exemptions, that there’s no accountability for how the money would be spent, that it’s inconsistent and that it would make all of our food more expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The next conversation in “Soda: the Series” takes place this Saturday. It’s titled \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.sodaseries.org/soda_and_kids\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">“Soda & Kids: A Predatory Relationship & How We Can Fight Back.”\u003c/a> Judging by the inaugural event, it will draw a big crowd and plenty of questions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Among the questions asked on Sept. 4:\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Are diet sodas safe?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nSwartzberg said there’s a dearth of data. Lustig elaborated on why: The Food and Drug Administration doesn’t ask for information, the food industry doesn’t provide it and the National Institutes of Health won’t pay for it.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>Do all these kids who are getting diabetes do any exercise?\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nTester said exercise can’t compensate for a shoddy diet. And Lustig described Sami Inkinen, a triathlete who couldn’t exercise his way out of his pre-diabetes because of all the Gatorade he drank. Finally, he cut out soda and sports drinks, and rowed with his wife from California to Hawaii. Inkinen’s story is featured on the \u003ca style=\"color: #607890\" href=\"http://www.responsiblefoods.org\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">website of the Institute for Responsible Nutrition\u003c/a>, which Lustig co-founded.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>If soda and juice are the same, couldn’t the soda industry say, “What are you going to do next, tax juice?”\u003c/strong>\u003cbr>\nBerkeley City Councilman Laurie Capitelli, who hosted the event, said Measure D is a baby step, not a silver bullet, and that it can’t cover everything. “As a culture, we’re allowing our kids to poison themselves. We need to incrementally begin to back off on that. And Measure D is a start.”\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/08/2014-08-15e-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To Be Takei,” a documentary profile of the actor and political activist George Takei, opens in theaters Aug. 22. We knew him first as Sulu on \"Star Trek,\" but Takei has proved a master of reinvention several times in his life. Rachael Myrow spoke with him and filmmaker Jennifer Kroot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: George Takei is so much in the public eye. A lot of people probably feel like they already know him — already on a first-name basis with George — why did you want to make this film?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JK: Originally, I was a fan of the original \"Star Trek.\" And then when I heard George’s LGBT activism after he came out in 2005, I just thought that was a very interesting thing for him to do. I admired it very much and found out then that he’d been imprisoned in internment camps, and I really wanted to connect the dots between all of those tremendous obstacles and issues that he had faced. And he remained such a positive — relentlessly positive — public figure that I just felt compelled to try to put this together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: Like many people, I know you as an LGBT activist, fighting against Proposition 8, fighting for gay marriage. What I was less familiar with was the fact that you’ve become a spokesman for the history of the internment camps during WWII. Like other Japanese-Americans, you survived a couple of those camps. I wanted to play a short clip of one of the many presentations you’ve given over the years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Film clip, from “To Be Takei”] George Takei: “With no charges, with no trial, the pillar of our justice system – due process – just disappeared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140845\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 377px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiCemetary.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiCemetary.jpg\" alt='George and Brad Takei on a pilgrimage at the cemetery at Rohwer Relocation Center in Arkansas, where the Takei family was imprisoned during World War II. (Cinematographer Chris Million/\"To Be Takei\")' width=\"377\" height=\"452\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10140845\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George and Brad Takei on a pilgrimage at the cemetery at Rohwer Relocation Center in Arkansas, where the Takei family was imprisoned during World War II. (Cinematographer Chris Million/\"To Be Takei\")\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>GT: Well, I’ve been active in the movement to raise America’s awareness of that dark chapter of American history way back in the late '60s and '70s, when we began a movement to get an apology and redress for that unconstitutional imprisonment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: Do you feel that people you encounter know of the history, or are you sometimes the first person to tell them about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GT: I’m often the first person to tell them about it. And when I tell them about the imprisonment of innocent American citizens, simply because we happened to look like the people who bombed Pearl Harbor, they are aghast. They can’t believe that something like that happened in the United States. And so, that makes it that much more important. So we developed a musical on that subject, which is covered in the documentary. And we were hoping to end that documentary with our Broadway opening. Alas, the film was finished before we got to that point. We’re waiting for a theater. However, the film does cover what we call \"the West Coast premiere\" of “Allegiance.” The New Yorkers prefer to call it “the out-of-town tryout.” But we were a big success in San Diego at the Old Globe Theatre, broke all box office and attendance records. We are confident about our reception on Broadway when we finally find the appropriate size theater that’s vacant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: You are so many things: an actor, a political activist and an Internet phenomenon. There aren’t that many people in the world with more than 7 million followers on Facebook, more than a million followers on Twitter. Lots of celebrities promote themselves online, but you really seem to take to it like a digital native.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140848\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiBarber.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiBarber-400x434.jpg\" alt='George Takei gets a massage from his barber (and childhood friend) Jerry Cottone. (Patrick Siemer/\"To Be Takei\")' width=\"400\" height=\"434\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140848\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Takei gets a massage from his barber (and childhood friend) Jerry Cottone. (Patrick Siemer/\"To Be Takei\")\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>GT: Well, the phrase \"social media\" defines us, but celebrities seem to take the “me” in media to be the operative thing. I find that it’s not going to be the thing that connects you with people. It isn’t “me.” It’s the word “social” in front of it. Finding that common connection between people, rather than just showing people what I had for breakfast or what fancy restaurant I went to last night. It’s finding what we have in common, songs that we remember from a few decades back. Or what we found awfully exciting about a recent movie or a book we’ve read. It’s the connection that’s important, rather than showing off your beautiful new outfit. I do that, too! But, at the same time, it’s a sharing process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: And it’s fair to say that one of the things you share terrifically well is your sense of humor. Anybody who’s following you on any or all of these mediums should be laughing out loud on a regular basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GT: That’s the honey. It’s the humor that brings people together. I mean, my base is disparate. It’s LGBT people, it’s political issues-oriented people, it’s people who admire science fiction and are geeks and nerds, it’s the Asian people. You know, it’s all of that coming together. And what brings us all together is humor. That’s the binder. That’s what serves as the glue for the many, many disparate sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: Jennifer Kroot, George Takei, thank you for joining us.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>http://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/tcrmag/2014/08/2014-08-15e-tcrmag.mp3\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"To Be Takei,” a documentary profile of the actor and political activist George Takei, opens in theaters Aug. 22. We knew him first as Sulu on \"Star Trek,\" but Takei has proved a master of reinvention several times in his life. Rachael Myrow spoke with him and filmmaker Jennifer Kroot.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: George Takei is so much in the public eye. A lot of people probably feel like they already know him — already on a first-name basis with George — why did you want to make this film?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>JK: Originally, I was a fan of the original \"Star Trek.\" And then when I heard George’s LGBT activism after he came out in 2005, I just thought that was a very interesting thing for him to do. I admired it very much and found out then that he’d been imprisoned in internment camps, and I really wanted to connect the dots between all of those tremendous obstacles and issues that he had faced. And he remained such a positive — relentlessly positive — public figure that I just felt compelled to try to put this together.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: Like many people, I know you as an LGBT activist, fighting against Proposition 8, fighting for gay marriage. What I was less familiar with was the fact that you’ve become a spokesman for the history of the internment camps during WWII. Like other Japanese-Americans, you survived a couple of those camps. I wanted to play a short clip of one of the many presentations you’ve given over the years:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[Film clip, from “To Be Takei”] George Takei: “With no charges, with no trial, the pillar of our justice system – due process – just disappeared.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140845\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 377px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiCemetary.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiCemetary.jpg\" alt='George and Brad Takei on a pilgrimage at the cemetery at Rohwer Relocation Center in Arkansas, where the Takei family was imprisoned during World War II. (Cinematographer Chris Million/\"To Be Takei\")' width=\"377\" height=\"452\" class=\"size-full wp-image-10140845\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George and Brad Takei on a pilgrimage at the cemetery at Rohwer Relocation Center in Arkansas, where the Takei family was imprisoned during World War II. (Cinematographer Chris Million/\"To Be Takei\")\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>GT: Well, I’ve been active in the movement to raise America’s awareness of that dark chapter of American history way back in the late '60s and '70s, when we began a movement to get an apology and redress for that unconstitutional imprisonment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: Do you feel that people you encounter know of the history, or are you sometimes the first person to tell them about it?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GT: I’m often the first person to tell them about it. And when I tell them about the imprisonment of innocent American citizens, simply because we happened to look like the people who bombed Pearl Harbor, they are aghast. They can’t believe that something like that happened in the United States. And so, that makes it that much more important. So we developed a musical on that subject, which is covered in the documentary. And we were hoping to end that documentary with our Broadway opening. Alas, the film was finished before we got to that point. We’re waiting for a theater. However, the film does cover what we call \"the West Coast premiere\" of “Allegiance.” The New Yorkers prefer to call it “the out-of-town tryout.” But we were a big success in San Diego at the Old Globe Theatre, broke all box office and attendance records. We are confident about our reception on Broadway when we finally find the appropriate size theater that’s vacant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: You are so many things: an actor, a political activist and an Internet phenomenon. There aren’t that many people in the world with more than 7 million followers on Facebook, more than a million followers on Twitter. Lots of celebrities promote themselves online, but you really seem to take to it like a digital native.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10140848\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 400px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiBarber.jpg\">\u003cimg src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2014/09/TakeiBarber-400x434.jpg\" alt='George Takei gets a massage from his barber (and childhood friend) Jerry Cottone. (Patrick Siemer/\"To Be Takei\")' width=\"400\" height=\"434\" class=\"size-thumbnail wp-image-10140848\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">George Takei gets a massage from his barber (and childhood friend) Jerry Cottone. (Patrick Siemer/\"To Be Takei\")\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>GT: Well, the phrase \"social media\" defines us, but celebrities seem to take the “me” in media to be the operative thing. I find that it’s not going to be the thing that connects you with people. It isn’t “me.” It’s the word “social” in front of it. Finding that common connection between people, rather than just showing people what I had for breakfast or what fancy restaurant I went to last night. It’s finding what we have in common, songs that we remember from a few decades back. Or what we found awfully exciting about a recent movie or a book we’ve read. It’s the connection that’s important, rather than showing off your beautiful new outfit. I do that, too! But, at the same time, it’s a sharing process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: And it’s fair to say that one of the things you share terrifically well is your sense of humor. Anybody who’s following you on any or all of these mediums should be laughing out loud on a regular basis.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GT: That’s the honey. It’s the humor that brings people together. I mean, my base is disparate. It’s LGBT people, it’s political issues-oriented people, it’s people who admire science fiction and are geeks and nerds, it’s the Asian people. You know, it’s all of that coming together. And what brings us all together is humor. That’s the binder. That’s what serves as the glue for the many, many disparate sectors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>RM: Jennifer Kroot, George Takei, thank you for joining us.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"soldout": {
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