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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.lodinews.com/news/article_ca83de23-bdaf-43b4-ae33-c552240f73a8.html\">the Lodi News-Sentinel\u003c/a> and has been edited for KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/category/sports\">wrestlers\u003c/a> clad in neon windbreakers and leopard print pants climbed onto a square-shaped platform while A-ha’s 1985 hit “Take on Me” blared. A floodlight illuminated puffs of breath as they tangled with their opponents on a chilly February night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Razzle Dazzle, the ’80s-themed duo on stage, is a hometown favorite at these World Wrestling Entertainment-style monthly events in the heart of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/central-valley\">Central Valley’s\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-joaquin-county\">San Joaquin County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That night, they sparred with another tag-team duo called Monstars, Inc. One half of the duo, Moizilla, wearing a black lizard tail and piercing white contact lenses, lifted one of the hometown heroes in the air and triumphantly threw him onto his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/209dragonsden/\">209 Dragon’s Den\u003c/a>, a breeding ground for wrestling talent just east of Lodi. Wedged between a private home, a plant nursery and a barn, this backyard venue is one of the humbler sites of hundreds nationwide in the independent wrestling circuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Independent wrestling is typically focused more on uplifting the sport than making money. The Dragon’s Den, for example, charges around $20 per adult ticket and $5 for kids. Some of that money goes back to the wrestlers who perform. But to really make a living out of it, the wrestlers hope to sign a contract with major promotions like the WWE or take their acts abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076566\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076566\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Big MF” Matt Freeman, center, owner and trainer of the 209 Dragon’s Den, speaks with first-time wrestler Peter Kuzmitski, left, as Paras Singh prepares nearby on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re providing something that’s raw and authentic and is not filtered by all the bulls—,” owner Matt Freeman said. “[It’s a place to] get drawn in and forget about all the things in your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman came to wrestling late in life, in his 40s, after a divorce. Soon after, he set up a wrestling ring in his backyard and started a training group that became the 209 Dragon’s Den. In the past year, it has since burgeoned into a more official promotion, hosting shows that have attracted audiences and opponents from throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman said he has a soft spot for the sport’s underdogs: the scrawny, nerdy or older wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really get excited for those people that people thought would’ve never been able to do it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to become top-caliber wrestlers, they must first learn how to develop a convincing character.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hector Madrigal, aka “Razzle” or “Dazzle”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just as in the top tiers of professional wrestling, the outcomes of these matches are scripted. But just because the result is planned, it doesn’t mean the holds, throws — or spirit — are fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like method actors, the wrestlers tap into real parts of themselves to make their performances believable.[aside postID=arts_13981646 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/2/2025/09/250904_FULLQUEER_GH-33-KQED.jpg'] “A lot of times, when we’re in the ring, we just get in our heads. We need to get out of our heads, get in our hearts to really get to that next level,” said Hector Madrigal, one half of Razzle Dazzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he’s not competing, he’s a secretary at a Lodi elementary school, a job where he’s a lot calmer than his wrestling character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just always behind … the computer, ordering stuff, doing a bunch of paperwork. But I do interact with the children,” he said. “Maybe a little of my Razzle Dazzle side comes out when I’m interacting with the kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the ring, he’s much more “bombastic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I] emphasize everything that’s in my heart,” he said. “I try to put it out so the crowd can see what I’ve been holding inside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paras Singh, aka “Punjabi Papi” or “The All-American”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of the night, an announcer bellowed into the microphone as the crowd waited eagerly for one of their favorite wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is the only king that stands in this ring. He is every lady’s habibi: The Punjabi Papi!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lodi local Paras Singh strutted through billowing curtains and along the front row of the crowd to high-five cheering fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076567\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paras Singh tapes his wrist before training at the 209 Dragon’s Den gym on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He climbed atop the ropes onstage, gesturing for the crowd to get loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before Singh could do too much preemptive celebrating, he was face-to-face with Reno-based wrestler David Luster, who’s nearly twice Singh’s size and age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The match was full of plot twists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh started strong, landing his signature drop kick to Luster’s face. But Luster retaliated, knocking Singh down again and again. Just when it seemed that Luster would earn an easy win, he kicked the referee. That move got him disqualified, and Singh won by default.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the crowd booed that outcome, the pair set up for a rematch. Luster knocked Singh down to his back, where he remained motionless for several minutes. Then, hometown villain group “The 209 Kliq” stormed the stage and stole Singh’s championship belts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, it was unclear who had prevailed. What was clear was the crowd’s enthusiasm — heckling and cheering from the edges of their plastic folding chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting with the audience through compelling characters and storylines is the point, the wrestlers at 209 Dragon’s Den said.[aside postID=news_12077101 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260310-UnhousedMail-02-BL_qed.jpg'] Singh has been performing recently as “Punjabi Papi,” playing off his Indian heritage. But he started as “The All-American.” With that character, he wanted to show off his background as an Army soldier. It worked for a while, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People loved … a hero that’s all good,” he said. “But you become one-dimensional in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With his new character, he gets to show off more of his personality. Singh said it’s who he wanted to be when he was younger. Someone who’s admired for their ethnic identity, instead of bullied for it. Someone with confidence and swagger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have to be an all-good hero. I could have layers now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up, Singh always wanted to be a wrestler. When he came home to Lodi at age 23 after serving active duty in the Army, he found the Dragon’s Den and thought, “Why not just go for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years later, he’s headlining shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just a kid with a dream,” he said. “A little brown boy from Lodi, California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of his fellow indie wrestlers, Singh has aspirations of making wrestling a full-time gig. To reach that goal, he spends most weeknights training under Dragon’s Den head coach, Michael Hayashi.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Michael Hayashi, aka “The Angry Dragon”\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nicknamed “The Angry Dragon,” Hayashi has performed for over two decades. His character was inspired by martial arts stars like Bruce Lee — and the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lean on the things I loved when I was a kid,” he said. “Basically, Michelangelo from Ninja Turtles. Or Raphael, depending on the situation. Hardly ever, Donatello. Though sometimes Leonardo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>He said he was initially drawn to wrestling as an outlet for his teenage angst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076573\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wrestlers train inside the ring at the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I used to have a chip on my shoulder,” Hayashi said. “Maybe I was even a little crazy, like trying to hurt myself almost, and prove that I could even belong in the ring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his relationship with his wrestling persona is different these days, now that he’s almost 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of trying to fake a character that I used to play, now I’m just showing you more of my true self,” he said. “To be honest, I’m not really an angry person anymore … And at this point now, I’m just kind of at the twilight of my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayashi’s coaching emphasizes both intense physical skills and doing deep internal work. The aim, he said, is that wrestling becomes an outlet for projecting your true self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try to, at the very least, find people’s strengths, turn them up to 11, and then, if they can kind of balance out after that, then they can become the wrestler that they want to be,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Wrestlers by night\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On weeknights, Hayashi drives across town to the Dragon’s Den, where he trains the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next to where the outdoor shows happen, there’s a wooden barn with a lofty ceiling. On a recent Wednesday night, a floodlight illuminated the practice ring inside. A dozen wrestlers stretched on mats or jabbed at a punching bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the theatrics of the sport, audiences often think wrestling doesn’t really hurt and that there’s little skill involved. But the wrestlers here, many fresh off a weightlifting session or nursing injuries, said that couldn’t be further from the truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076570\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076570\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Razzle Dazzle duo Hector Madrigal, left, and Christopher Pontilo pose on a ladder outside the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As they warmed up, Hayashi took the opportunity to talk about the concept of trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re always going to assume that our opponents are not trying to put us in the hospital, that we’re trying to have a good time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the next two hours, the wrestlers hopped into the ring one by one. Hayashi led them in drills to practice falls, or “bumps,” in wrestler-speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As each wrestler cycled in for their turn in the ring, Hayashi pushed them to commit further — to bring the same intensity to practice that they would in a match. The students waiting on a couch by the ring got into the spirit, heckling their fellow wrestlers just like their ideal audience would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ring that night, they were Razzle Dazzle, Punjabi Papi, and the Angry Dragon. The next day, they’ll go back to being Hector Madrigal, Paras Singh and Michael Hayashi. But they’ll keep coming back to the 209 Dragon’s Den, training for their next match and hoping for a shot at the main stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Hannah Weaver writes for the Lodi News-Sentinel as a cohort member of the California Local News Fellowship program, a multi-year, state-funded initiative to support and strengthen local news reporting in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "The 209 Dragon’s Den near Lodi in San Joaquin County is a breeding ground for burgeoning wrestling talent.",
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"title": "Small Ring, Big Dreams: The Central Valley’s Backyard Wrestling Underdogs | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published in \u003ca href=\"https://www.lodinews.com/news/article_ca83de23-bdaf-43b4-ae33-c552240f73a8.html\">the Lodi News-Sentinel\u003c/a> and has been edited for KQED.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Two \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/category/sports\">wrestlers\u003c/a> clad in neon windbreakers and leopard print pants climbed onto a square-shaped platform while A-ha’s 1985 hit “Take on Me” blared. A floodlight illuminated puffs of breath as they tangled with their opponents on a chilly February night.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Razzle Dazzle, the ’80s-themed duo on stage, is a hometown favorite at these World Wrestling Entertainment-style monthly events in the heart of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/central-valley\">Central Valley’s\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-joaquin-county\">San Joaquin County\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That night, they sparred with another tag-team duo called Monstars, Inc. One half of the duo, Moizilla, wearing a black lizard tail and piercing white contact lenses, lifted one of the hometown heroes in the air and triumphantly threw him onto his back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This is the \u003ca href=\"https://www.instagram.com/209dragonsden/\">209 Dragon’s Den\u003c/a>, a breeding ground for wrestling talent just east of Lodi. Wedged between a private home, a plant nursery and a barn, this backyard venue is one of the humbler sites of hundreds nationwide in the independent wrestling circuit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Independent wrestling is typically focused more on uplifting the sport than making money. The Dragon’s Den, for example, charges around $20 per adult ticket and $5 for kids. Some of that money goes back to the wrestlers who perform. But to really make a living out of it, the wrestlers hope to sign a contract with major promotions like the WWE or take their acts abroad.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076566\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076566\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_003-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Big MF” Matt Freeman, center, owner and trainer of the 209 Dragon’s Den, speaks with first-time wrestler Peter Kuzmitski, left, as Paras Singh prepares nearby on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re providing something that’s raw and authentic and is not filtered by all the bulls—,” owner Matt Freeman said. “[It’s a place to] get drawn in and forget about all the things in your life.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman came to wrestling late in life, in his 40s, after a divorce. Soon after, he set up a wrestling ring in his backyard and started a training group that became the 209 Dragon’s Den. In the past year, it has since burgeoned into a more official promotion, hosting shows that have attracted audiences and opponents from throughout the state.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman said he has a soft spot for the sport’s underdogs: the scrawny, nerdy or older wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I really get excited for those people that people thought would’ve never been able to do it,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But to become top-caliber wrestlers, they must first learn how to develop a convincing character.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Hector Madrigal, aka “Razzle” or “Dazzle”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Just as in the top tiers of professional wrestling, the outcomes of these matches are scripted. But just because the result is planned, it doesn’t mean the holds, throws — or spirit — are fake.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like method actors, the wrestlers tap into real parts of themselves to make their performances believable.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> “A lot of times, when we’re in the ring, we just get in our heads. We need to get out of our heads, get in our hearts to really get to that next level,” said Hector Madrigal, one half of Razzle Dazzle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When he’s not competing, he’s a secretary at a Lodi elementary school, a job where he’s a lot calmer than his wrestling character.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just always behind … the computer, ordering stuff, doing a bunch of paperwork. But I do interact with the children,” he said. “Maybe a little of my Razzle Dazzle side comes out when I’m interacting with the kids.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But in the ring, he’s much more “bombastic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[I] emphasize everything that’s in my heart,” he said. “I try to put it out so the crowd can see what I’ve been holding inside.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Paras Singh, aka “Punjabi Papi” or “The All-American”\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Toward the end of the night, an announcer bellowed into the microphone as the crowd waited eagerly for one of their favorite wrestlers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He is the only king that stands in this ring. He is every lady’s habibi: The Punjabi Papi!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Lodi local Paras Singh strutted through billowing curtains and along the front row of the crowd to high-five cheering fans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076567\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076567\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_006-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Paras Singh tapes his wrist before training at the 209 Dragon’s Den gym on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>He climbed atop the ropes onstage, gesturing for the crowd to get loud.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But before Singh could do too much preemptive celebrating, he was face-to-face with Reno-based wrestler David Luster, who’s nearly twice Singh’s size and age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The match was full of plot twists.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Singh started strong, landing his signature drop kick to Luster’s face. But Luster retaliated, knocking Singh down again and again. Just when it seemed that Luster would earn an easy win, he kicked the referee. That move got him disqualified, and Singh won by default.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the crowd booed that outcome, the pair set up for a rematch. Luster knocked Singh down to his back, where he remained motionless for several minutes. Then, hometown villain group “The 209 Kliq” stormed the stage and stole Singh’s championship belts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the end, it was unclear who had prevailed. What was clear was the crowd’s enthusiasm — heckling and cheering from the edges of their plastic folding chairs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Connecting with the audience through compelling characters and storylines is the point, the wrestlers at 209 Dragon’s Den said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp> Singh has been performing recently as “Punjabi Papi,” playing off his Indian heritage. But he started as “The All-American.” With that character, he wanted to show off his background as an Army soldier. It worked for a while, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“People loved … a hero that’s all good,” he said. “But you become one-dimensional in that.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With his new character, he gets to show off more of his personality. Singh said it’s who he wanted to be when he was younger. Someone who’s admired for their ethnic identity, instead of bullied for it. Someone with confidence and swagger.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t have to be an all-good hero. I could have layers now,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Growing up, Singh always wanted to be a wrestler. When he came home to Lodi at age 23 after serving active duty in the Army, he found the Dragon’s Den and thought, “Why not just go for it?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years later, he’s headlining shows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m just a kid with a dream,” he said. “A little brown boy from Lodi, California.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like many of his fellow indie wrestlers, Singh has aspirations of making wrestling a full-time gig. To reach that goal, he spends most weeknights training under Dragon’s Den head coach, Michael Hayashi.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Michael Hayashi, aka “The Angry Dragon”\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Nicknamed “The Angry Dragon,” Hayashi has performed for over two decades. His character was inspired by martial arts stars like Bruce Lee — and the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I lean on the things I loved when I was a kid,” he said. “Basically, Michelangelo from Ninja Turtles. Or Raphael, depending on the situation. Hardly ever, Donatello. Though sometimes Leonardo.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"mceTemp\">\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>He said he was initially drawn to wrestling as an outlet for his teenage angst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076573\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076573\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_027-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Wrestlers train inside the ring at the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I used to have a chip on my shoulder,” Hayashi said. “Maybe I was even a little crazy, like trying to hurt myself almost, and prove that I could even belong in the ring.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But his relationship with his wrestling persona is different these days, now that he’s almost 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Instead of trying to fake a character that I used to play, now I’m just showing you more of my true self,” he said. “To be honest, I’m not really an angry person anymore … And at this point now, I’m just kind of at the twilight of my career.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hayashi’s coaching emphasizes both intense physical skills and doing deep internal work. The aim, he said, is that wrestling becomes an outlet for projecting your true self.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We try to, at the very least, find people’s strengths, turn them up to 11, and then, if they can kind of balance out after that, then they can become the wrestler that they want to be,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Wrestlers by night\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On weeknights, Hayashi drives across town to the Dragon’s Den, where he trains the next generation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Next to where the outdoor shows happen, there’s a wooden barn with a lofty ceiling. On a recent Wednesday night, a floodlight illuminated the practice ring inside. A dozen wrestlers stretched on mats or jabbed at a punching bag.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Given the theatrics of the sport, audiences often think wrestling doesn’t really hurt and that there’s little skill involved. But the wrestlers here, many fresh off a weightlifting session or nursing injuries, said that couldn’t be further from the truth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076570\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003ca href=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076570\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/031226_DRAGONDEN-_GH_022-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Razzle Dazzle duo Hector Madrigal, left, and Christopher Pontilo pose on a ladder outside the 209 Dragon’s Den on March 12, 2026, in Lodi. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>As they warmed up, Hayashi took the opportunity to talk about the concept of trust.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re always going to assume that our opponents are not trying to put us in the hospital, that we’re trying to have a good time,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the next two hours, the wrestlers hopped into the ring one by one. Hayashi led them in drills to practice falls, or “bumps,” in wrestler-speak.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As each wrestler cycled in for their turn in the ring, Hayashi pushed them to commit further — to bring the same intensity to practice that they would in a match. The students waiting on a couch by the ring got into the spirit, heckling their fellow wrestlers just like their ideal audience would.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In the ring that night, they were Razzle Dazzle, Punjabi Papi, and the Angry Dragon. The next day, they’ll go back to being Hector Madrigal, Paras Singh and Michael Hayashi. But they’ll keep coming back to the 209 Dragon’s Den, training for their next match and hoping for a shot at the main stage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Hannah Weaver writes for the Lodi News-Sentinel as a cohort member of the California Local News Fellowship program, a multi-year, state-funded initiative to support and strengthen local news reporting in California.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "California Agrees to $1.9 Million Settlement in Prison Use-of-Force Case",
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"content": "\u003cp>The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation has agreed to pay $1.9 million to settle a lawsuit filed by 13 women who say correctional officers injured them during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12004368/like-a-war-zone-prison-officers-used-unprecedented-force-in-august-attack-incarcerated-women-say\">mass use-of-force incident\u003c/a> at the Central California Women’s Facility in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs say they suffered seizures, respiratory distress and long-term vision problems after officers used batons, physical force and chemical agents on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t breathe. My lungs were on fire … I thought I was going to die,” plaintiff Wisdom Muhammad said in a recent interview at her home in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women received settlements ranging from $200,000 to $50,000 each, based on the severity of their injuries, according to their attorney Robert Chalfant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sexual abuse of inmates, excessive force, cruel and unusual punishment, retaliation, those things need to stop,” Chalfant said. “And the only way those things stop is through lawsuits and forcing the payment of large amounts of money so that people take notice of what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, CDCR spokesperson Mary Xjimenez said the agency has reviewed the incident and has taken corrective action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 41 staff members were found to have violated policy, making it one of the largest disciplinary actions issued against \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation\">CDCR\u003c/a> staff in a single incident, according to CDCR. Punishment ranged from transfers to termination, CDCR said, but the department has not yet responded to a public records request for disciplinary documents related to the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11993411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1742px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11993411\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1742\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed.jpg 1742w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-1536x1175.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1742px) 100vw, 1742px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Incarcerated people stand together in a yard at Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla, Madera County. \u003ccite>(Lea Suzuki/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12004477/incarcerated-women-say-officers-used-unprecedented-force-in-august-attack\">Aug. 2, 2024\u003c/a>, incident began when officers removed more than 150 women from their cells and locked them in the dining hall while staff conducted a large-scale search of their cells. As temperatures in the Chowchilla facility climbed to more than 100 degrees and time wore on, the women began to ask for water, food and medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials have said that the incarcerated population “became disruptive.” Officers used physical force, batons and chemical agents to “stop the incident,” according to a review from the Office of the Inspector General.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint claims the women were complying with the officers’ orders and that the force was excessive and unnecessary. It also alleges that some women were denied or delayed medical care after being injured, leaving them with lasting physical and psychological harm.[aside postID=news_12004368 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/CentralCaliforniaWomensFacility-1020x816.jpg']A total of 109 incarcerated persons were medically evaluated, CDCR said, and three were transported to an outside medical facility for a short time. In the wake of the incident, CDCR also said it made mental health staff and resources available to those affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staff were also retrained after the incident on how to respond to alarms and on the appropriate use of force, according to CDCR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women involved in the suit have a broader claim about this incident as well, that it was retaliation for sexual assault complaints that they had filed against correctional staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women’s prison in Chowchilla has been plagued by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11786495/metoo-behind-bars-new-records-shed-light-on-sexual-abuse-inside-state-womens-prisons\">reports of sexual assault for years\u003c/a>. In one high-profile case, at least 22 women accused correctional officer Gregory Rodriguez of sexual abuse dating back to 2014. The state ultimately paid millions of dollars to settle those claims. Rodriguez was criminally charged and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022075/former-guard-california-womens-prison-found-guilty-59-counts-sexual-abuse\">sentenced to 224 years\u003c/a> in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Staff-Misconduct-Monitoring-Report-January-June-2025.pdf\">audit \u003c/a>by the Office of Inspector General found that at least 279 women had sued the department, accusing at least 83 prison employees of sexual misconduct. The audit describes “a wave” of lawsuits filed by currently and formerly incarcerated people alleging staff sexual assault, harassment and misconduct. In response to the lawsuits, the department approved 402 investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice is also investigating allegations of sexual abuse and staff misconduct at California women’s prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003275\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S. Department of Justice has launched a civil rights investigation into staff sexual abuse allegations at two women’s prisons in Chowchilla and Chino, following a series of lawsuits and similar abuses at federal facilities like FCI Dublin, which was closed due to widespread misconduct. \u003ccite>(J. David Ake/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the settlement reached this past week, CDCR did not agree to any policy changes or other non-monetary terms, and did not admit to wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Department’s focus remains on the safety, security, and well-being of both the incarcerated population and staff,” Xjimenez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another class action lawsuit tied to the Aug. 2 incident is still pending. That case, known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70350459/1/pc-hooper-v-de-la-cruz/\">Hooper v. State of California\u003c/a>, raises similar claims that medical care was delayed or denied and that the use of force was excessive and retaliatory. It is set to go to mediation in May, according to court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR said it could not comment on pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chalfant said that many of his clients were scared to come forward. The incarcerated woman told him that correctional officers continued to reference the lawsuit and retaliate against them by writing them up for minor infractions and searching their belongings up to the day of the settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If individuals’ rights are violated in state prisons, lawyers are going to take those cases,” Chalfant said. “[These women] don’t lose their constitutional rights when [they] go into a prison facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation has agreed to pay $1.9 million to settle a lawsuit filed by 13 women who say correctional officers injured them during a \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12004368/like-a-war-zone-prison-officers-used-unprecedented-force-in-august-attack-incarcerated-women-say\">mass use-of-force incident\u003c/a> at the Central California Women’s Facility in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The plaintiffs say they suffered seizures, respiratory distress and long-term vision problems after officers used batons, physical force and chemical agents on them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I couldn’t breathe. My lungs were on fire … I thought I was going to die,” plaintiff Wisdom Muhammad said in a recent interview at her home in Los Angeles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women received settlements ranging from $200,000 to $50,000 each, based on the severity of their injuries, according to their attorney Robert Chalfant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Sexual abuse of inmates, excessive force, cruel and unusual punishment, retaliation, those things need to stop,” Chalfant said. “And the only way those things stop is through lawsuits and forcing the payment of large amounts of money so that people take notice of what’s happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In an email, CDCR spokesperson Mary Xjimenez said the agency has reviewed the incident and has taken corrective action.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 41 staff members were found to have violated policy, making it one of the largest disciplinary actions issued against \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california-department-of-corrections-and-rehabilitation\">CDCR\u003c/a> staff in a single incident, according to CDCR. Punishment ranged from transfers to termination, CDCR said, but the department has not yet responded to a public records request for disciplinary documents related to the incident.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11993411\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1742px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11993411\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1742\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed.jpg 1742w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-800x612.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-1020x781.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-160x122.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/07/GettyImages-1322060041_qed-1536x1175.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1742px) 100vw, 1742px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Incarcerated people stand together in a yard at Central California Women’s Facility in Chowchilla, Madera County. \u003ccite>(Lea Suzuki/The San Francisco Chronicle via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12004477/incarcerated-women-say-officers-used-unprecedented-force-in-august-attack\">Aug. 2, 2024\u003c/a>, incident began when officers removed more than 150 women from their cells and locked them in the dining hall while staff conducted a large-scale search of their cells. As temperatures in the Chowchilla facility climbed to more than 100 degrees and time wore on, the women began to ask for water, food and medication.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Prison officials have said that the incarcerated population “became disruptive.” Officers used physical force, batons and chemical agents to “stop the incident,” according to a review from the Office of the Inspector General.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The complaint claims the women were complying with the officers’ orders and that the force was excessive and unnecessary. It also alleges that some women were denied or delayed medical care after being injured, leaving them with lasting physical and psychological harm.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A total of 109 incarcerated persons were medically evaluated, CDCR said, and three were transported to an outside medical facility for a short time. In the wake of the incident, CDCR also said it made mental health staff and resources available to those affected.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Staff were also retrained after the incident on how to respond to alarms and on the appropriate use of force, according to CDCR.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women involved in the suit have a broader claim about this incident as well, that it was retaliation for sexual assault complaints that they had filed against correctional staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The women’s prison in Chowchilla has been plagued by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11786495/metoo-behind-bars-new-records-shed-light-on-sexual-abuse-inside-state-womens-prisons\">reports of sexual assault for years\u003c/a>. In one high-profile case, at least 22 women accused correctional officer Gregory Rodriguez of sexual abuse dating back to 2014. The state ultimately paid millions of dollars to settle those claims. Rodriguez was criminally charged and \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12022075/former-guard-california-womens-prison-found-guilty-59-counts-sexual-abuse\">sentenced to 224 years\u003c/a> in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, an \u003ca href=\"https://www.oig.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/12/Staff-Misconduct-Monitoring-Report-January-June-2025.pdf\">audit \u003c/a>by the Office of Inspector General found that at least 279 women had sued the department, accusing at least 83 prison employees of sexual misconduct. The audit describes “a wave” of lawsuits filed by currently and formerly incarcerated people alleging staff sexual assault, harassment and misconduct. In response to the lawsuits, the department approved 402 investigations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. Department of Justice is also investigating allegations of sexual abuse and staff misconduct at California women’s prisons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12003275\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12003275\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/09/USDeptofJusticeGetty-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The U.S. Department of Justice has launched a civil rights investigation into staff sexual abuse allegations at two women’s prisons in Chowchilla and Chino, following a series of lawsuits and similar abuses at federal facilities like FCI Dublin, which was closed due to widespread misconduct. \u003ccite>(J. David Ake/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In the settlement reached this past week, CDCR did not agree to any policy changes or other non-monetary terms, and did not admit to wrongdoing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The Department’s focus remains on the safety, security, and well-being of both the incarcerated population and staff,” Xjimenez said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another class action lawsuit tied to the Aug. 2 incident is still pending. That case, known as \u003ca href=\"https://www.courtlistener.com/docket/70350459/1/pc-hooper-v-de-la-cruz/\">Hooper v. State of California\u003c/a>, raises similar claims that medical care was delayed or denied and that the use of force was excessive and retaliatory. It is set to go to mediation in May, according to court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CDCR said it could not comment on pending litigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Chalfant said that many of his clients were scared to come forward. The incarcerated woman told him that correctional officers continued to reference the lawsuit and retaliate against them by writing them up for minor infractions and searching their belongings up to the day of the settlement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If individuals’ rights are violated in state prisons, lawyers are going to take those cases,” Chalfant said. “[These women] don’t lose their constitutional rights when [they] go into a prison facility.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Monday, December 1, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fear, isolation, uneasiness. Ever since the Trump administration ramped up immigration enforcement efforts, immigrant communities in California have a growing sense of anxiety. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">One community worried about enforcement is farm workers,\u003c/a> where many people’s lives have been upended. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">shooting at a banquet hall in the Central Valley town of Stockton\u003c/a> has left four young people dead and 11 injured. The shooting Saturday took place at a children’s birthday party.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"entry-title entry-title--with-subtitle\">\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">\u003cstrong>How Fear Of Trump’s Immigration Blitz Is Changing Life In California Farm Towns\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As this year’s harvest ends, the small Central Valley towns that rely on migrant or undocumented labor to survive are themselves forced to imagine the end of a way of life. The worry here is the workers might not return next year, at least not in the numbers that sustain local economies and power the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://plantingseedsblog.cdfa.ca.gov/wordpress/?p=29277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">$60 billion agricultural industry\u003c/a>, which grows three-fourths of the fruits and nuts consumed in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Trump administration\u003c/a> has pledged to carry out the largest deportation program in American history. They have, so far, mostly left the agricultural industry alone. But Trump and his advisers \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/08/08/trump-teased-a-solution-for-farmers-its-likely-not-coming-soon-00498932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">have wavered\u003c/a> on whether to protect farms from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/immigration/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">immigration raids\u003c/a>, so the seasonal workers and their employers will have to wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farm towns in the Central Valley are similar in their seasonal economics to a beach town on the East Coast: Both swell in summer with a population boom, then dig in for a slow winter. Firebaugh City Manager Ben Gallegos said the town of 4,000 grows to 8,000 people in the summer, then empties out after the harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story plays out in the numbers, but already this year’s numbers tell a different tale. In the second quarter of the year, which runs from April 1 to June 30, total taxable transactions in Firebaugh were down 29% from the same quarter last year, according to the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. In nearby Chowchilla, total taxable receipts are down 21% in the second quarter of this year compared to the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People don’t want to shop or go out to eat, Gallegos said. The city of Firebaugh is staring down cuts to its police force, its parks and its senior center. In September, the appearance of county probation officers dressed in green fatigues caused waves of panicked Whatsapp texts. Some people went into hiding. The food bank in Firebaugh used to serve about 50 families. Today, at weekly distributions behind city hall, that number is up to 150. When it’s over, volunteers take the remaining food boxes to families who are too afraid to leave their homes. “We need those individuals to drive our community,” Gallegos said. “They’re the ones that eat at our local restaurants, they’re the ones that shop at our local stores. Without them, what do we do?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"Page-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">\u003cstrong>Investigators Urge Witnesses Of The Deadly Shooting At Child’s Party In Stockton To Come Forward\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Authorities in Stockton urged witnesses of a deadly shooting at a child’s birthday party to come forward as the search for a suspect stretched into another day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three children ages 8, 9 and 14 and a 21-year-old \u003cspan class=\"LinkEnhancement\">\u003ca class=\"Link AnClick-LinkEnhancement\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/stockton-california-shooting-b59e32ae53716a0dfe9f28c246552607\" data-gtm-enhancement-style=\"LinkEnhancementA\">were killed Saturday when gunfire broke out\u003c/a>\u003c/span> at a banquet hall in Stockton where at least 100 people were gathered, San Joaquin County Sheriff Patrick Withrow said. Detectives believe the gunfire continued outside and there may have been multiple shooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eleven people were also wounded, with at least one in critical condition, he said. No one was in custody by Sunday evening, and the sheriff urged anyone with information to contact his office with tips, cellphone video or witness accounts. “This is a time for our community to show that we will not put up with this type of behavior, when people will just walk in and kill children,” Withrow said. “And so if you know anything about this, you have to come forward and tell us what you know. If not, you just become complacent and think this is acceptable behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s spokesperson Heather Brent said earlier that investigators believe it was a “targeted incident.” Officials did not elaborate on why authorities believe it was intentional or who might have been targeted. She said investigators would welcome any information, “even rumors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Monday, December 1, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Fear, isolation, uneasiness. Ever since the Trump administration ramped up immigration enforcement efforts, immigrant communities in California have a growing sense of anxiety. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">One community worried about enforcement is farm workers,\u003c/a> where many people’s lives have been upended. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">A \u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">shooting at a banquet hall in the Central Valley town of Stockton\u003c/a> has left four young people dead and 11 injured. The shooting Saturday took place at a children’s birthday party.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2 class=\"entry-title entry-title--with-subtitle\">\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/economy/2025/11/immigration-california-farms/\">\u003cstrong>How Fear Of Trump’s Immigration Blitz Is Changing Life In California Farm Towns\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>As this year’s harvest ends, the small Central Valley towns that rely on migrant or undocumented labor to survive are themselves forced to imagine the end of a way of life. The worry here is the workers might not return next year, at least not in the numbers that sustain local economies and power the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://plantingseedsblog.cdfa.ca.gov/wordpress/?p=29277\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">$60 billion agricultural industry\u003c/a>, which grows three-fourths of the fruits and nuts consumed in the U.S.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The second \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/donald-trump/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Trump administration\u003c/a> has pledged to carry out the largest deportation program in American history. They have, so far, mostly left the agricultural industry alone. But Trump and his advisers \u003ca href=\"https://www.politico.com/news/2025/08/08/trump-teased-a-solution-for-farmers-its-likely-not-coming-soon-00498932\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">have wavered\u003c/a> on whether to protect farms from \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/tag/immigration/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">immigration raids\u003c/a>, so the seasonal workers and their employers will have to wait and see.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Small farm towns in the Central Valley are similar in their seasonal economics to a beach town on the East Coast: Both swell in summer with a population boom, then dig in for a slow winter. Firebaugh City Manager Ben Gallegos said the town of 4,000 grows to 8,000 people in the summer, then empties out after the harvest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The story plays out in the numbers, but already this year’s numbers tell a different tale. In the second quarter of the year, which runs from April 1 to June 30, total taxable transactions in Firebaugh were down 29% from the same quarter last year, according to the California Department of Tax and Fee Administration. In nearby Chowchilla, total taxable receipts are down 21% in the second quarter of this year compared to the same period last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>People don’t want to shop or go out to eat, Gallegos said. The city of Firebaugh is staring down cuts to its police force, its parks and its senior center. In September, the appearance of county probation officers dressed in green fatigues caused waves of panicked Whatsapp texts. Some people went into hiding. The food bank in Firebaugh used to serve about 50 families. Today, at weekly distributions behind city hall, that number is up to 150. When it’s over, volunteers take the remaining food boxes to families who are too afraid to leave their homes. “We need those individuals to drive our community,” Gallegos said. “They’re the ones that eat at our local restaurants, they’re the ones that shop at our local stores. Without them, what do we do?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2 class=\"Page-headline\">\u003ca href=\"https://apnews.com/article/california-shooting-stockton-party-b5694f32ae71d2e6d874641a78f65f4f\">\u003cstrong>Investigators Urge Witnesses Of The Deadly Shooting At Child’s Party In Stockton To Come Forward\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Authorities in Stockton urged witnesses of a deadly shooting at a child’s birthday party to come forward as the search for a suspect stretched into another day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three children ages 8, 9 and 14 and a 21-year-old \u003cspan class=\"LinkEnhancement\">\u003ca class=\"Link AnClick-LinkEnhancement\" href=\"https://apnews.com/article/stockton-california-shooting-b59e32ae53716a0dfe9f28c246552607\" data-gtm-enhancement-style=\"LinkEnhancementA\">were killed Saturday when gunfire broke out\u003c/a>\u003c/span> at a banquet hall in Stockton where at least 100 people were gathered, San Joaquin County Sheriff Patrick Withrow said. Detectives believe the gunfire continued outside and there may have been multiple shooters.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eleven people were also wounded, with at least one in critical condition, he said. No one was in custody by Sunday evening, and the sheriff urged anyone with information to contact his office with tips, cellphone video or witness accounts. “This is a time for our community to show that we will not put up with this type of behavior, when people will just walk in and kill children,” Withrow said. “And so if you know anything about this, you have to come forward and tell us what you know. If not, you just become complacent and think this is acceptable behavior.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sheriff’s spokesperson Heather Brent said earlier that investigators believe it was a “targeted incident.” Officials did not elaborate on why authorities believe it was intentional or who might have been targeted. She said investigators would welcome any information, “even rumors.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp> \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Tuesday, October 28, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ripple effects of President Trump’s national gerrymandering battle are being felt in California’s rich agricultural belt. Next week, voters in the state will decide whether to support \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/proposition-50\">Proposition 50.\u003c/a> That’s Governor Newsom’s plan to counter surprise redistricting in Texas and other red states. If Prop 50 passes, Congressman David Valadao of the Central Valley would be one of five Republicans on the chopping block. And that worries farmers in his district. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">State Attorney General Rob Bonta says the monitors that the U.S. Department of Justice is sending to five California counties \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/politics/bonta-bashes-trump-administration-plan-to-send-election-monitors-to-california\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">will not be allowed to interfere in the voting process.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Los Angeles Dodgers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/28/g-s1-95311/dodgers-over-blue-jays-world-series\">won a marathon Game 3 of the World Series\u003c/a>, as Freddie Freeman hit a walk-off home run in the 18th inning.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061715/california-divided-heres-whats-at-stake-for-californians-whose-districts-could-get-rewritten-by-prop-50\">\u003cstrong>Central Valley Farmers Say Redistricting Could Have Huge Impact On Industry\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Californians pass \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/proposition-50\">Proposition 50\u003c/a> next week, several areas of the state could see far different representation in the coming years. That includes the Central Valley, where agriculture is king.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charles Meyer grows a cornucopia of crops on his 1500 acres in Stratford, in Kings County. “We’re growing wheat, we’re growing alfalfa, we’re growing almonds, we’re growing pistachios,” he said. Kings County is one of three agricultural counties that make up District 22, represented by Republican Congressman David Valadao. Farms bring in billions of dollars to the region and Meyer said he feels the elected leader in District 22 should represent the interests of the agriculture industry, like Valadao, a former dairy farmer. “You become attached to the ground. It’s like our boys in the military, they give their life for the country. We feel about our ground about like that,” Meyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valadao is in danger of losing his seat if maps are redrawn and Prop 50 passes. Meyer said the new maps are an overreach, blaming Democrats for rising farming costs and slumping profits. And while it’s a common thought among the farming community, Democrats in the region welcome a possible change, blaming Valadao for issues like healthcare costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/politics/bonta-bashes-trump-administration-plan-to-send-election-monitors-to-california\">Attorney General Says Federal Election Monitors Are Unnecessary\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta on Monday denounced plans by the Justice Department to send election monitors to California, where \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/promoting-early-voting-and-protecting-voting-rights-together-attorney-general\">voting is underway\u003c/a> in the closely watched contest over Proposition 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration announced Friday that it would send monitors to five counties, including Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, Kern and Fresno for the Nov. 4 special election. The Justice Department said in a news release that it would send monitors to polling places and to offices of registrars of voters “to ensure transparency, ballot security, and compliance with federal law.” The move comes in response to a request for monitors by the California Republican Party, which claimed voting irregularities in past elections including that voters received incorrect ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not uncommon for the federal government to monitor elections, but Bonta questioned the motives behind the decision. “These are not normal times so it is with a great deal of concern that I see these so-called election monitors coming to California,” he said. “We have to look at the broader context here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump has claimed there’s widespread voter fraud in California, where 81% of ballots are mailed in. He reiterated his position as recently as Sunday on his \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/115441871289276790\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">Truth Social account. \u003c/a>Bonta said Monday that voter fraud is extremely rare in California, and Secretary of State Shirley Weber says \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/election-cybersecurity/trusted-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>on her website\u003c/u>\u003c/a> that mail-in ballots provide more election security, not less. Bonta said the election monitors are designed to bolster the president’s claim of election fraud and to sow fear among citizen immigrant voters. The attorney general promised to monitor the monitors. “Of course there will be observers of the election monitors — so-called election monitors — that the DOJ is sending. They will not be allowed to do things that they are not allowed to do,” he said. “They can watch and observe like everybody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/28/g-s1-95311/dodgers-over-blue-jays-world-series\">\u003cstrong>After 18 Innings, Dodgers Prevail Over Blue Jays In World Series Classic\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Freddie Freeman homered leading off the bottom of the 18th inning, Shohei Ohtani went deep twice in another record-setting performance and the Los Angeles Dodgers outlasted the Toronto Blue Jays 6-5 in Game 3 on Monday night to win a World Series classic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defending champion Dodgers took a 2-1 lead in the best-of-seven matchup and still have a chance to win the title at home — something they haven’t done since 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman connected off left-hander Brendon Little, sending a 406-foot drive to straightaway center field to finally end a game that lasted 6 hours, 39 minutes, and matched the longest by innings in postseason history. The only other Series contest to go 18 innings was Game 3 at Dodger Stadium seven years ago. Freeman’s current teammate, Max Muncy, won that one for Los Angeles with an 18th-inning homer against the Boston Red Sox in a game that took 7 hours, 20 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cb>Here are the morning’s top stories on Tuesday, October 28, 2025…\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The ripple effects of President Trump’s national gerrymandering battle are being felt in California’s rich agricultural belt. Next week, voters in the state will decide whether to support \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/proposition-50\">Proposition 50.\u003c/a> That’s Governor Newsom’s plan to counter surprise redistricting in Texas and other red states. If Prop 50 passes, Congressman David Valadao of the Central Valley would be one of five Republicans on the chopping block. And that worries farmers in his district. \u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">State Attorney General Rob Bonta says the monitors that the U.S. Department of Justice is sending to five California counties \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/politics/bonta-bashes-trump-administration-plan-to-send-election-monitors-to-california\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">will not be allowed to interfere in the voting process.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>The Los Angeles Dodgers \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/28/g-s1-95311/dodgers-over-blue-jays-world-series\">won a marathon Game 3 of the World Series\u003c/a>, as Freddie Freeman hit a walk-off home run in the 18th inning.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12061715/california-divided-heres-whats-at-stake-for-californians-whose-districts-could-get-rewritten-by-prop-50\">\u003cstrong>Central Valley Farmers Say Redistricting Could Have Huge Impact On Industry\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If Californians pass \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/proposition-50\">Proposition 50\u003c/a> next week, several areas of the state could see far different representation in the coming years. That includes the Central Valley, where agriculture is king.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Charles Meyer grows a cornucopia of crops on his 1500 acres in Stratford, in Kings County. “We’re growing wheat, we’re growing alfalfa, we’re growing almonds, we’re growing pistachios,” he said. Kings County is one of three agricultural counties that make up District 22, represented by Republican Congressman David Valadao. Farms bring in billions of dollars to the region and Meyer said he feels the elected leader in District 22 should represent the interests of the agriculture industry, like Valadao, a former dairy farmer. “You become attached to the ground. It’s like our boys in the military, they give their life for the country. We feel about our ground about like that,” Meyer said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valadao is in danger of losing his seat if maps are redrawn and Prop 50 passes. Meyer said the new maps are an overreach, blaming Democrats for rising farming costs and slumping profits. And while it’s a common thought among the farming community, Democrats in the region welcome a possible change, blaming Valadao for issues like healthcare costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"https://laist.com/brief/news/politics/bonta-bashes-trump-administration-plan-to-send-election-monitors-to-california\">Attorney General Says Federal Election Monitors Are Unnecessary\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California Attorney General Rob Bonta on Monday denounced plans by the Justice Department to send election monitors to California, where \u003ca href=\"https://oag.ca.gov/news/press-releases/promoting-early-voting-and-protecting-voting-rights-together-attorney-general\">voting is underway\u003c/a> in the closely watched contest over Proposition 50.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration announced Friday that it would send monitors to five counties, including Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, Kern and Fresno for the Nov. 4 special election. The Justice Department said in a news release that it would send monitors to polling places and to offices of registrars of voters “to ensure transparency, ballot security, and compliance with federal law.” The move comes in response to a request for monitors by the California Republican Party, which claimed voting irregularities in past elections including that voters received incorrect ballots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s not uncommon for the federal government to monitor elections, but Bonta questioned the motives behind the decision. “These are not normal times so it is with a great deal of concern that I see these so-called election monitors coming to California,” he said. “We have to look at the broader context here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>President Donald Trump has claimed there’s widespread voter fraud in California, where 81% of ballots are mailed in. He reiterated his position as recently as Sunday on his \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://truthsocial.com/@realDonaldTrump/posts/115441871289276790\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">Truth Social account. \u003c/a>Bonta said Monday that voter fraud is extremely rare in California, and Secretary of State Shirley Weber says \u003ca class=\"Link\" href=\"https://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/election-cybersecurity/trusted-information\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\" data-cms-ai=\"0\">\u003cu>on her website\u003c/u>\u003c/a> that mail-in ballots provide more election security, not less. Bonta said the election monitors are designed to bolster the president’s claim of election fraud and to sow fear among citizen immigrant voters. The attorney general promised to monitor the monitors. “Of course there will be observers of the election monitors — so-called election monitors — that the DOJ is sending. They will not be allowed to do things that they are not allowed to do,” he said. “They can watch and observe like everybody else.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/10/28/g-s1-95311/dodgers-over-blue-jays-world-series\">\u003cstrong>After 18 Innings, Dodgers Prevail Over Blue Jays In World Series Classic\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Freddie Freeman homered leading off the bottom of the 18th inning, Shohei Ohtani went deep twice in another record-setting performance and the Los Angeles Dodgers outlasted the Toronto Blue Jays 6-5 in Game 3 on Monday night to win a World Series classic.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defending champion Dodgers took a 2-1 lead in the best-of-seven matchup and still have a chance to win the title at home — something they haven’t done since 1963.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Freeman connected off left-hander Brendon Little, sending a 406-foot drive to straightaway center field to finally end a game that lasted 6 hours, 39 minutes, and matched the longest by innings in postseason history. The only other Series contest to go 18 innings was Game 3 at Dodger Stadium seven years ago. Freeman’s current teammate, Max Muncy, won that one for Los Angeles with an 18th-inning homer against the Boston Red Sox in a game that took 7 hours, 20 minutes.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "how-is-a-corn-maze-made-plus-where-to-find-them-in-the-bay-area-this-october",
"title": "How Is a Corn Maze Made? Plus, Where to Find Them in the Bay Area This October",
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"content": "\u003cp>Jim Groverman, the owner of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/petaluma\">Petaluma\u003c/a> Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze, has been building corn mazes for more than 30 years. And he does it all by hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t map anything out,” he said. “I do it all in my head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other creations vie for the “biggest corn maze in the world” title — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.coolpatchpumpkins.com/\">Dixon’s record-holding Cool Patch Pumpkins\u003c/a> — Groverman’s \u003ca href=\"https://petalumapumpkinpatch.com/corn-maze/\">four-acre corn maze\u003c/a> holds a different charm. And it’s just one of many Bay Area corn mazes in full holiday swing this month, offering the public a chance to solve these life-sized puzzles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Experttipsforsolvingacornmaze\">Expert tips for solving a corn maze\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#bay-area-corn-maze-near-me\">Bay Area corn mazes to visit this spooky season\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some corn mazes, like Groverman’s, are hand-cut with just one way in and out. Others boast intricate patterns and hidden checkpoints — not to mention all the other activities on the farm during fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on to find out how the Bay Area’s corn mazes are made, with expert tips from their creators on how to get out of them. And if you’re eager for a challenge, we’ve got a roundup of Bay Area corn mazes where you can get lost in the stalks yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How is a corn maze made?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How corn maze creators actually design and build their labyrinths can be very different from farm to farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Groverman, the key to a solid corn maze — like any crop, is “good soil.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in March, he takes soil samples, adding fertilizers as needed, before working the soil and preparing it for planting. While the old saying says corn should be \u003ca href=\"https://www.wisfarmer.com/story/news/2025/07/02/knee-high-by-fourth-of-july-adage-is-becoming-obsolete-heres-why/84426153007/\">“knee high at the Fourth of July\u003c/a>,” Groverman waits until the end of June to plant, so his stalks can still be that welcoming green color in time for his October maze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12059448 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The corn kernel sandbox at the Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze. Jim Groverman, owner of the Petaluma Pumpkin Patch, has been building corn mazes for more than 30 years. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Groverman plants 30,000 seeds per acre in total — 7 inches apart, in rows 2-and-a-half feet apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All summer long, he weeds the rows to keep the crows out of the young stalks, because “they’ll just go along and pull the corn right out of the ground” at that height.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the corn gets tall enough, Groverman grabs his shovel and gets to work sculpting his maze. With a team of two, just making the pathway takes four to five eight-hour days, “at least,” he said. “I try to have it all made and completed by the first of August.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final touch: Groverman then lets the remaining corn grow tall until October, when he opens his doors to the public.[aside postID=news_12054079 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/250904-PRESIDIOHIKES-11-BL-KQED.jpg']Frank Andreotti, farm manager at \u003ca href=\"https://andreottifamilyfarm.com/\">Andreotti Family Farm\u003c/a> in Half Moon Bay, takes a similar freehand approach — but with a little more power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all his corn has grown in, Andreotti constructs his 10-acre corn maze in just a few hours by plowing a 6-foot-wide path with a tractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I’m driving through, I just have in my mind the outlay of the entire field,” he said. “It’s like freehand painting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denise Fantozzi, on the other hand, is one farm owner who took the GPS route — and it’s paid off. Each year at Fantozzi Farms, located in the Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://fantozzifarms.com/corn-maze/\">she and her husband dream up a new design for the maze\u003c/a>, which is actually three mazes in one. The pair works with a company called Maze Play to input the design into a GPS and then, when the stalks are about 3 feet tall, they cut the maze exactly to the design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s theme is how food goes from the farm to the grocery store to the table, Fantozzi said. The smallest of the mazes is designed to be short and easy for school groups to complete, featuring animal tracks that kids can identify as they navigate the maze. The second-largest maze invites older children to play “Farm Scene Investigation,” a Clue-like game in which they can search for hidden pictures in the maze to identify which animals stole Farmer Joe’s pies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of the mazes, for teens and adults, includes 12 hidden checkpoints and can take anywhere from 40 minutes to two hours to complete, Fantozzi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an intricate design every year,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"Experttipsforsolvingacornmaze\">\u003c/a>What are some top tips for solving a corn maze?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consider shelling out for the map\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groverman’s is a traditional maze, with one way in and one way out — and to complete it, you have to pass through each corner and climb two towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You really have to cover the whole area,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059308\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The corn maze path at Andreotti Family Farms in Half Moon Bay on Oct. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Groverman’s maze takes around 45 minutes to complete, but if you’re worried about solving it, you can purchase a postcard featuring an aerial map to help you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so many times I go in to rescue people at the end of the night,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look for clues in your surroundings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andreotti’s, on the other hand, is full of dead ends, but should only take up to 25 minutes, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before entering the maze, he recommends you get a lay of the land first: Take note of any landmarks, “and use the sun,” he advised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059307\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sun shines through the leaves of a corn stalk in the corn maze at Andreotti Family Farms in Half Moon Bay on Oct. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Know how to get out if you really need to \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fantozzi’s mazes also come with a map, but that doesn’t mean people don’t still get turned around, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you get really lost and you just want to get out of the maze, you can walk between any two rows of corn and it’ll take you right to the side,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an out if you really get completely lost,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"bay-area-corn-maze-near-me\">\u003c/a>Bay Area corn mazes (and pumpkin patches) to get you into the spooky season mood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://petalumapumpkinpatch.com/\">\u003cstrong>Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, Petaluma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admission to Groverman’s corn maze is $9 during the day and $13 for the night maze. Kids under 5 years old enter for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apart from their handmade corn maze, Groverman grows everything that is sold at the pumpkin patch, including pumpkins, gourds and squash. There’s even a giant corn box, filled with around 8,000 pounds of corn grain to play in like a sandbox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059452\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12059452 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children enjoying pony rides at the Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You’ll also find food vendors, farm animals, a bounce house, a super slide and giant chair and — on the weekend — pony rides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire pumpkin patch is open from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. on weekdays and Sundays and until 10 p.m. on Fridays and Saturdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://andreottifamilyfarm.com/\">\u003cstrong>Andreotti Family Farm\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, Half Moon Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also known for its U-pick sunflower field, Andreotti’s pumpkin patch, hay rides and corn maze location opened on Oct. 4 this year after heavy rains delayed the opening. Andreotti’s team grows all their own crops, including edible and decorative pumpkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tickets to the corn maze can be purchased in advance and cost $12, plus a processing fee. Kids 3 and under enter for free. The hay ride is $7 plus a fee, and takes visitors on a tour of the property. The farm is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.webbranchinc.com/\">\u003cstrong>Webb Ranch\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, Portola Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This small quarter-acre corn maze is open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. and reservations are required on weekends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Webb Ranch also offers a bounce house open daily, in addition to a kids’ farm obstacle course and haunted house. On the weekends, they are open for tractor hay rides, a petting zoo and a reptile zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059455\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Webb Ranch, located in the Portola Valley, is a small quarter-acre corn maze and is open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Reservations are required on weekends. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Webb Ranch)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Webb pumpkin patch store sells pumpkins and other produce like jams, honeys and corn stalks for purchase, plus other Halloween supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weekend entry to the patch, including all activities, is $35 for children under 12, $15 for teens and adults and $10 for adults accompanying a child. Kids under two enter for free and senior admission is $10. Weekday passes are discounted and don’t require a reservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://fantozzifarms.com/\">\u003cstrong>Fantozzi Farms,\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> Central Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Patterson maze in Stanislaus County may be more of a trek from the Bay Area, but its three different mazes for all age levels are designed to entice a family-oriented crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The maze is open in the evenings on weekdays until 7 p.m. and until 10 p.m. on Fridays, plus Saturdays 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. and Sundays 10 a.m. to 8 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also available at the farm is a hayride through “Scarecrow Alley,” featuring a community contest to make the favorite scarecrow, pipe slides, live pig races and even a pig derby. There’s also a petting zoo, paintball shooting range and an evening haunted maze on Friday and Saturday nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admission to the whole farm is $15 on weekends and $12 on weekdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Jim Groverman, the owner of the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/petaluma\">Petaluma\u003c/a> Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze, has been building corn mazes for more than 30 years. And he does it all by hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t map anything out,” he said. “I do it all in my head.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While other creations vie for the “biggest corn maze in the world” title — including \u003ca href=\"https://www.coolpatchpumpkins.com/\">Dixon’s record-holding Cool Patch Pumpkins\u003c/a> — Groverman’s \u003ca href=\"https://petalumapumpkinpatch.com/corn-maze/\">four-acre corn maze\u003c/a> holds a different charm. And it’s just one of many Bay Area corn mazes in full holiday swing this month, offering the public a chance to solve these life-sized puzzles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jump straight to:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#Experttipsforsolvingacornmaze\">Expert tips for solving a corn maze\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"#bay-area-corn-maze-near-me\">Bay Area corn mazes to visit this spooky season\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>Some corn mazes, like Groverman’s, are hand-cut with just one way in and out. Others boast intricate patterns and hidden checkpoints — not to mention all the other activities on the farm during fall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Read on to find out how the Bay Area’s corn mazes are made, with expert tips from their creators on how to get out of them. And if you’re eager for a challenge, we’ve got a roundup of Bay Area corn mazes where you can get lost in the stalks yourself.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>How is a corn maze made?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>How corn maze creators actually design and build their labyrinths can be very different from farm to farm.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Groverman, the key to a solid corn maze — like any crop, is “good soil.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Starting in March, he takes soil samples, adding fertilizers as needed, before working the soil and preparing it for planting. While the old saying says corn should be \u003ca href=\"https://www.wisfarmer.com/story/news/2025/07/02/knee-high-by-fourth-of-july-adage-is-becoming-obsolete-heres-why/84426153007/\">“knee high at the Fourth of July\u003c/a>,” Groverman waits until the end of June to plant, so his stalks can still be that welcoming green color in time for his October maze.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059448\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12059448 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The corn kernel sandbox at the Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze. Jim Groverman, owner of the Petaluma Pumpkin Patch, has been building corn mazes for more than 30 years. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Groverman plants 30,000 seeds per acre in total — 7 inches apart, in rows 2-and-a-half feet apart.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All summer long, he weeds the rows to keep the crows out of the young stalks, because “they’ll just go along and pull the corn right out of the ground” at that height.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Once the corn gets tall enough, Groverman grabs his shovel and gets to work sculpting his maze. With a team of two, just making the pathway takes four to five eight-hour days, “at least,” he said. “I try to have it all made and completed by the first of August.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The final touch: Groverman then lets the remaining corn grow tall until October, when he opens his doors to the public.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Frank Andreotti, farm manager at \u003ca href=\"https://andreottifamilyfarm.com/\">Andreotti Family Farm\u003c/a> in Half Moon Bay, takes a similar freehand approach — but with a little more power.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After all his corn has grown in, Andreotti constructs his 10-acre corn maze in just a few hours by plowing a 6-foot-wide path with a tractor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I’m driving through, I just have in my mind the outlay of the entire field,” he said. “It’s like freehand painting.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Denise Fantozzi, on the other hand, is one farm owner who took the GPS route — and it’s paid off. Each year at Fantozzi Farms, located in the Central Valley, \u003ca href=\"https://fantozzifarms.com/corn-maze/\">she and her husband dream up a new design for the maze\u003c/a>, which is actually three mazes in one. The pair works with a company called Maze Play to input the design into a GPS and then, when the stalks are about 3 feet tall, they cut the maze exactly to the design.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year’s theme is how food goes from the farm to the grocery store to the table, Fantozzi said. The smallest of the mazes is designed to be short and easy for school groups to complete, featuring animal tracks that kids can identify as they navigate the maze. The second-largest maze invites older children to play “Farm Scene Investigation,” a Clue-like game in which they can search for hidden pictures in the maze to identify which animals stole Farmer Joe’s pies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The largest of the mazes, for teens and adults, includes 12 hidden checkpoints and can take anywhere from 40 minutes to two hours to complete, Fantozzi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s an intricate design every year,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"Experttipsforsolvingacornmaze\">\u003c/a>What are some top tips for solving a corn maze?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Consider shelling out for the map\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groverman’s is a traditional maze, with one way in and one way out — and to complete it, you have to pass through each corner and climb two towers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You really have to cover the whole area,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059308\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059308\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-08-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The corn maze path at Andreotti Family Farms in Half Moon Bay on Oct. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Groverman’s maze takes around 45 minutes to complete, but if you’re worried about solving it, you can purchase a postcard featuring an aerial map to help you.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s so many times I go in to rescue people at the end of the night,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Look for clues in your surroundings\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Andreotti’s, on the other hand, is full of dead ends, but should only take up to 25 minutes, he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before entering the maze, he recommends you get a lay of the land first: Take note of any landmarks, “and use the sun,” he advised.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059307\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059307\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251009-CORNMAZEBTS-07-BL-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sun shines through the leaves of a corn stalk in the corn maze at Andreotti Family Farms in Half Moon Bay on Oct. 9, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Know how to get out if you really need to \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fantozzi’s mazes also come with a map, but that doesn’t mean people don’t still get turned around, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If you get really lost and you just want to get out of the maze, you can walk between any two rows of corn and it’ll take you right to the side,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There is an out if you really get completely lost,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"bay-area-corn-maze-near-me\">\u003c/a>Bay Area corn mazes (and pumpkin patches) to get you into the spooky season mood\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://petalumapumpkinpatch.com/\">\u003cstrong>Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, Petaluma\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admission to Groverman’s corn maze is $9 during the day and $13 for the night maze. Kids under 5 years old enter for free.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Apart from their handmade corn maze, Groverman grows everything that is sold at the pumpkin patch, including pumpkins, gourds and squash. There’s even a giant corn box, filled with around 8,000 pounds of corn grain to play in like a sandbox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059452\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12059452 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/PetalumaCornMaze2-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children enjoying pony rides at the Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Petaluma Pumpkin Patch and Amazing Corn Maze)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>You’ll also find food vendors, farm animals, a bounce house, a super slide and giant chair and — on the weekend — pony rides.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The entire pumpkin patch is open from 10 a.m. to 7 p.m. on weekdays and Sundays and until 10 p.m. on Fridays and Saturdays.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://andreottifamilyfarm.com/\">\u003cstrong>Andreotti Family Farm\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, Half Moon Bay\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also known for its U-pick sunflower field, Andreotti’s pumpkin patch, hay rides and corn maze location opened on Oct. 4 this year after heavy rains delayed the opening. Andreotti’s team grows all their own crops, including edible and decorative pumpkins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tickets to the corn maze can be purchased in advance and cost $12, plus a processing fee. Kids 3 and under enter for free. The hay ride is $7 plus a fee, and takes visitors on a tour of the property. The farm is open from 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.webbranchinc.com/\">\u003cstrong>Webb Ranch\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>, Portola Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This small quarter-acre corn maze is open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. and reservations are required on weekends.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Webb Ranch also offers a bounce house open daily, in addition to a kids’ farm obstacle course and haunted house. On the weekends, they are open for tractor hay rides, a petting zoo and a reptile zoo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059455\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059455\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1500\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/WebbCornMaze1-1536x1152.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Webb Ranch, located in the Portola Valley, is a small quarter-acre corn maze and is open from 10 a.m. to 6 p.m. Reservations are required on weekends. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Webb Ranch)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The Webb pumpkin patch store sells pumpkins and other produce like jams, honeys and corn stalks for purchase, plus other Halloween supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weekend entry to the patch, including all activities, is $35 for children under 12, $15 for teens and adults and $10 for adults accompanying a child. Kids under two enter for free and senior admission is $10. Weekday passes are discounted and don’t require a reservation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://fantozzifarms.com/\">\u003cstrong>Fantozzi Farms,\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong> Central Valley\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This Patterson maze in Stanislaus County may be more of a trek from the Bay Area, but its three different mazes for all age levels are designed to entice a family-oriented crowd.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The maze is open in the evenings on weekdays until 7 p.m. and until 10 p.m. on Fridays, plus Saturdays 10 a.m. to 10 p.m. and Sundays 10 a.m. to 8 p.m.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Also available at the farm is a hayride through “Scarecrow Alley,” featuring a community contest to make the favorite scarecrow, pipe slides, live pig races and even a pig derby. There’s also a petting zoo, paintball shooting range and an evening haunted maze on Friday and Saturday nights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Admission to the whole farm is $15 on weekends and $12 on weekdays.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe\n src='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true?embedded=true'\n title='https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSeCeDp_MY_h4G6VWj_-VPl-BJlQ3Uya2H0vxRZZd_47BpXwVA/viewform?embedded=true'\n width='760' height='500'\n frameborder='0'\n marginheight='0' marginwidth='0'>\u003c/iframe>\u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "without-people-we-are-nothing-californias-farm-workforce-is-growing-older",
"title": "‘Without People, We Are Nothing’: California’s Farm Workforce Is Growing Older",
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"headTitle": "‘Without People, We Are Nothing’: California’s Farm Workforce Is Growing Older | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s a cool morning in the small farm town of Caruthers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fresno\">Fresno\u003c/a> County. The sun hasn’t risen yet, but Carmen, a mayordoma, or crew supervisor, hops out of her truck and begins prepping the tools her workers will need to harvest grapes: knives, containers, sheets of parchment paper. She’s expecting at least six people to show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s already a fraction of the crews she used to lead. After two decades in the fields herself, Carmen has spent the last four years as a supervisor. And lately, finding help is harder than ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young people don’t want to work in the fields anymore,” she said in Spanish. “And those who used to work here don’t have the strength.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This morning, just three workers showed up — all of them over 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen, 35, knows the work is tough and the Central Valley heat can be unforgiving. Like many parents who work in the field, she’s brought her kids to the fields so they can gain an appreciation for the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And as an example of the kind of future they’ll have if they don’t pursue their education,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054922\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054922\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carmen, a field supervisor, picks grapes at a field in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there’s the contradiction. Even as she pushes her own children toward college, she knows that’s part of the reason her crews keep shrinking. What feels like a triumph for her family only deepens the challenge she faces each day as a supervisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her experience reflects a larger shift: California’s farm labor force is aging, and few younger workers are stepping in to replace them. Meanwhile, the workforce is also under strain from the Trump Administration’s immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1979, the average California farmworker was 30 years old. Today it’s 40, with many still laboring well into their 60s and 70s, according to Edward Flores, faculty director of the UC Merced Community and Labor Center, who has studied these changes.[aside postID=news_12052452 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/20250725_OAKLANDDAYLABORERS_GC-3-KQED.jpg']Beginning in the 1970s, the U.S. experienced one of the largest migration waves in modern history: hundreds of thousands of young men and women came from Mexico to California, filling farm jobs that fueled the state’s agricultural boom. In 1969, the largest group of farmworkers was between 16 and 25. By the 1990s, it had shifted to 25 to 34, and the average age has only continued to rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If their parents have chronic health issues, struggle to make ends meet, and tell their kids to get an education instead, many children listen,” Flores said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Merced Community and Labor Center documents this trend in its report\u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/sites/g/files/ufvvjh626/f/page/documents/a_golden_age.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> \u003cem>A Golden Age: California’s Aging Immigrant Workforce and its Implications for Safety Net Policy\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. The research shows that California’s noncitizen workforce, especially in agriculture, is aging rapidly while being largely excluded from Social Security and unemployment benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flores, who co-authored the report, warns that this leaves many longtime farmworkers with no safety net.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They harvest the food that we eat, but they cannot even afford to put food on their own table,” he said. “How do we care for those who have spent an entire lifetime in the fields and have no retirement?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054920\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers pick grapes at a field in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If California wants to attract new workers into agriculture, Flores argues, farm jobs need to pay enough to cover basic needs, come with stronger health and safety protections, and offer an economic safety net for workers as they age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But demographics aren’t the only factor shaping who shows up to work. Recently, immigration enforcement has also kept crews thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has often sent mixed signals on immigration policy. Federal agents have carried out \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/more-than-300-arrested-immigration-raids-southern-california-farms-feds/\">raids on farms\u003c/a> in California, even as Trump has publicly \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/06/20/trump-immigration-raids-farms\">suggested\u003c/a> that farmworkers could be spared. Those contradictions have left growers scrambling and many crews living with uncertainty.[aside postID=science_1998136 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/35/2025/07/250730-COMMUNITYFARM-08-KQED.jpg']Bryan Little of the California Farm Bureau said even the rumors of immigration enforcement have an impact on turnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had scattered reports of people not showing up to complete harvesting operations,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That fear, layered on top of an already aging workforce, only deepens the shortage. And with fewer reliable hands, growers are already reshaping agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Little points to nut orchards, where once 20 workers harvested almonds with long poles, now a handful of people can run machines that shake trees and sweep nuts off the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Five people can do in half the time what 16 used to do all day,” Little said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some growers are experimenting with “assistive technologies,” like robotic carts that follow strawberry pickers down the rows. But Little cautions that without immigration reform and a more accessible guest worker program, those tools won’t be enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054919\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12054919 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grapes hang on a vine in a field in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers and advocates have been calling for that kind of change for decades, with little to show for it. The H2A program has long been criticized for being cumbersome and expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-03-12/california-farm-groups-look-to-stabilize-workforce-amid-crackdown-illegal-immigration\">reintroduced\u003c/a> the Farm Workforce Modernization Act, a bipartisan bill that would amend the guest worker program and create a path to legal status for longtime agricultural workers. But even after passing Congress in previous years, it remains stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colleges are also stepping in to address the gap. At Coalinga College, Dean Bobby Mahfoud said students often come in with outdated views of farm work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a perception among young people that ag is just low-tech manual labor,” she said. “In reality, modern ag careers involve technology, sustainability, robotics, and data science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school offers programs in plant science, irrigation systems, and precision agriculture. Dual enrollment lets high school students sample the coursework early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054923\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054923\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A field of grapes in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to combat the perception,” Mahfoud said. “It looks a lot different than it used to look.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, she admits that agriculture competes with other stable local employers, like state prisons and hospitals, which can offer clear benefits and retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the few young people embracing agriculture is 27-year-old Francisco Marin. His parents harvested table grapes in Bakersfield, and he joined them during his high school summers. It was grueling work, long days in 100-degree heat for $9 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of turning away, Francisco leaned in. He’s now training to become a licensed pest control advisor, a job that could pay upwards of $80,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mom wanted me to hate the work so I’d stay in school,” he said. “But I fell in love with farming. Now she understands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Francisco said he’s often the youngest in the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look around, and yeah, I’m one of the youngest guys there,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Carmen, stories like Francisco’s are rare. In her crew, she only sees workers her age or older. Recruiting anyone under 30 feels impossible. She worries about what that means for the future of agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without people, we are nothing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s a cool morning in the small farm town of Caruthers in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fresno\">Fresno\u003c/a> County. The sun hasn’t risen yet, but Carmen, a mayordoma, or crew supervisor, hops out of her truck and begins prepping the tools her workers will need to harvest grapes: knives, containers, sheets of parchment paper. She’s expecting at least six people to show up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That’s already a fraction of the crews she used to lead. After two decades in the fields herself, Carmen has spent the last four years as a supervisor. And lately, finding help is harder than ever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Young people don’t want to work in the fields anymore,” she said in Spanish. “And those who used to work here don’t have the strength.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This morning, just three workers showed up — all of them over 40.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carmen, 35, knows the work is tough and the Central Valley heat can be unforgiving. Like many parents who work in the field, she’s brought her kids to the fields so they can gain an appreciation for the work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And as an example of the kind of future they’ll have if they don’t pursue their education,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054922\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054922\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-20-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Carmen, a field supervisor, picks grapes at a field in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But there’s the contradiction. Even as she pushes her own children toward college, she knows that’s part of the reason her crews keep shrinking. What feels like a triumph for her family only deepens the challenge she faces each day as a supervisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Her experience reflects a larger shift: California’s farm labor force is aging, and few younger workers are stepping in to replace them. Meanwhile, the workforce is also under strain from the Trump Administration’s immigration policies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 1979, the average California farmworker was 30 years old. Today it’s 40, with many still laboring well into their 60s and 70s, according to Edward Flores, faculty director of the UC Merced Community and Labor Center, who has studied these changes.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Beginning in the 1970s, the U.S. experienced one of the largest migration waves in modern history: hundreds of thousands of young men and women came from Mexico to California, filling farm jobs that fueled the state’s agricultural boom. In 1969, the largest group of farmworkers was between 16 and 25. By the 1990s, it had shifted to 25 to 34, and the average age has only continued to rise.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If their parents have chronic health issues, struggle to make ends meet, and tell their kids to get an education instead, many children listen,” Flores said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The UC Merced Community and Labor Center documents this trend in its report\u003ca href=\"https://clc.ucmerced.edu/sites/g/files/ufvvjh626/f/page/documents/a_golden_age.pdf?utm_source=chatgpt.com\"> \u003cem>A Golden Age: California’s Aging Immigrant Workforce and its Implications for Safety Net Policy\u003c/em>\u003c/a>. The research shows that California’s noncitizen workforce, especially in agriculture, is aging rapidly while being largely excluded from Social Security and unemployment benefits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Flores, who co-authored the report, warns that this leaves many longtime farmworkers with no safety net.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They harvest the food that we eat, but they cannot even afford to put food on their own table,” he said. “How do we care for those who have spent an entire lifetime in the fields and have no retirement?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054920\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054920\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-13-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers pick grapes at a field in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>If California wants to attract new workers into agriculture, Flores argues, farm jobs need to pay enough to cover basic needs, come with stronger health and safety protections, and offer an economic safety net for workers as they age.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But demographics aren’t the only factor shaping who shows up to work. Recently, immigration enforcement has also kept crews thin.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration has often sent mixed signals on immigration policy. Federal agents have carried out \u003ca href=\"https://www.cbsnews.com/news/more-than-300-arrested-immigration-raids-southern-california-farms-feds/\">raids on farms\u003c/a> in California, even as Trump has publicly \u003ca href=\"https://www.axios.com/2025/06/20/trump-immigration-raids-farms\">suggested\u003c/a> that farmworkers could be spared. Those contradictions have left growers scrambling and many crews living with uncertainty.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Bryan Little of the California Farm Bureau said even the rumors of immigration enforcement have an impact on turnout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve had scattered reports of people not showing up to complete harvesting operations,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That fear, layered on top of an already aging workforce, only deepens the shortage. And with fewer reliable hands, growers are already reshaping agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Little points to nut orchards, where once 20 workers harvested almonds with long poles, now a handful of people can run machines that shake trees and sweep nuts off the ground.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Five people can do in half the time what 16 used to do all day,” Little said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some growers are experimenting with “assistive technologies,” like robotic carts that follow strawberry pickers down the rows. But Little cautions that without immigration reform and a more accessible guest worker program, those tools won’t be enough.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054919\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12054919 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-10-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grapes hang on a vine in a field in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Farmers and advocates have been calling for that kind of change for decades, with little to show for it. The H2A program has long been criticized for being cumbersome and expensive.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Earlier this year, lawmakers \u003ca href=\"https://www.latimes.com/california/story/2025-03-12/california-farm-groups-look-to-stabilize-workforce-amid-crackdown-illegal-immigration\">reintroduced\u003c/a> the Farm Workforce Modernization Act, a bipartisan bill that would amend the guest worker program and create a path to legal status for longtime agricultural workers. But even after passing Congress in previous years, it remains stalled.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Colleges are also stepping in to address the gap. At Coalinga College, Dean Bobby Mahfoud said students often come in with outdated views of farm work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“There’s a perception among young people that ag is just low-tech manual labor,” she said. “In reality, modern ag careers involve technology, sustainability, robotics, and data science.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The school offers programs in plant science, irrigation systems, and precision agriculture. Dual enrollment lets high school students sample the coursework early.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12054923\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12054923\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/09/20250903_FARMLABORCRISIS_GC-26-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A field of grapes in Fresno on Sept. 3, 2025. \u003ccite>(Gina Castro for KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“We’re trying to combat the perception,” Mahfoud said. “It looks a lot different than it used to look.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, she admits that agriculture competes with other stable local employers, like state prisons and hospitals, which can offer clear benefits and retirement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of the few young people embracing agriculture is 27-year-old Francisco Marin. His parents harvested table grapes in Bakersfield, and he joined them during his high school summers. It was grueling work, long days in 100-degree heat for $9 an hour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of turning away, Francisco leaned in. He’s now training to become a licensed pest control advisor, a job that could pay upwards of $80,000 a year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“My mom wanted me to hate the work so I’d stay in school,” he said. “But I fell in love with farming. Now she understands.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Francisco said he’s often the youngest in the field.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I look around, and yeah, I’m one of the youngest guys there,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Carmen, stories like Francisco’s are rare. In her crew, she only sees workers her age or older. Recruiting anyone under 30 feels impossible. She worries about what that means for the future of agriculture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Without people, we are nothing,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>California surpassed 5,500 provisional cases of valley fever in the first six months of 2025, putting the state on track to hit record levels, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/ValleyFeverProvisionalDashboard.aspx\">new snapshot of data\u003c/a> from the state’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, California saw 12,500 valley fever cases, the highest year on record in the state, and a major jump from the 7,000–9,000 cases reported annually from 2017 through 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley fever — a fungal disease spread by airborne spores — is marked by symptoms similar to COVID-19, like coughs and fevers. The disease can also cause serious lung infections, like pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most infections are mild. But Dr. Stuart Cohen, an infectious disease specialist at UC Davis, said he’s seeing more severe cases, even in otherwise healthy patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are seeing higher numbers, and it seems like we’re seeing sicker patients too,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39432997/\">Research\u003c/a> has linked the increase in valley fever to an increase in dust storms and droughts due to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11695474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11695474 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/RS6665_85475461-e1538246933664.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1294\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fungal spores that cause valley fever are carried in the dust. Activities, including farming in the Central Valley, contribute to the spread of the spores. \u003ccite>(Robin Beck/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State health officials note that rates of valley fever continue to be highest in the southern San Joaquin Valley, but are also increasing in other areas, including the northern Central Valley and the Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of July 31, provisional data from the state’s health department showed Alameda County reported 72 valley fever cases, while Contra Costa County had 105 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said a wet winter two years ago may have played a role in the increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a mold. And so wet winters help the mold grow,” Cohen said. “Dry summers, particularly dry summers with wind, allow the organism to be blown around and then inhaled by people, which ultimately causes infections.[aside postID=news_12001920 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2024/08/GettyImages-1386022781-672x372.jpg']Researchers at UC Berkeley published a \u003ca href=\"https://publichealth.berkeley.edu/articles/spotlight/research/longer-drier-summers-extend-valley-fever-transmission\">study\u003c/a> this year showing that longer, drier summers in California can extend the disease’s transmission. The researchers call for targeted interventions, such as raising awareness among at-risk populations and improving diagnostic testing during peak periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11491959/\">Research\u003c/a> from the National Institutes of Health found that dust storms, exacerbated by climate change, also contribute to valley fever’s spread, transporting fungal spores over long distances and exposing larger populations to the risk of infection. Construction in high-risk areas may also contribute to an increase in reports of valley fever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, valley fever is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/valley-fever/php/statistics/index.html\">underdiagnosed\u003c/a>, and thousands of cases are not reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to remind Californians, travelers to California, and their healthcare providers to watch for signs and symptoms of valley fever to help detect it early,” CDPH Director and state public health officer Dr. Erica Pan said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Public Health is reminding residents — especially those who have been outdoors in dusty air in the Central Valley or Central Coast regions — to inquire with healthcare providers if they experience symptoms like cough, fever or trouble breathing for seven days or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents are also advised to keep windows and doors closed when it is windy outside and the air is dusty, and to keep windows closed when driving through dusty areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbolanos\">\u003cem>Madi Bolaños\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Valley fever, a fungal infection once seen mostly in California’s Central Valley, is now appearing more often in parts of the Bay Area.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>California surpassed 5,500 provisional cases of valley fever in the first six months of 2025, putting the state on track to hit record levels, according to a \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CID/DCDC/Pages/ValleyFeverProvisionalDashboard.aspx\">new snapshot of data\u003c/a> from the state’s Department of Public Health.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last year, California saw 12,500 valley fever cases, the highest year on record in the state, and a major jump from the 7,000–9,000 cases reported annually from 2017 through 2023.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Valley fever — a fungal disease spread by airborne spores — is marked by symptoms similar to COVID-19, like coughs and fevers. The disease can also cause serious lung infections, like pneumonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Most infections are mild. But Dr. Stuart Cohen, an infectious disease specialist at UC Davis, said he’s seeing more severe cases, even in otherwise healthy patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are seeing higher numbers, and it seems like we’re seeing sicker patients too,” Cohen said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39432997/\">Research\u003c/a> has linked the increase in valley fever to an increase in dust storms and droughts due to climate change.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11695474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-11695474 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/09/RS6665_85475461-e1538246933664.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1294\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Fungal spores that cause valley fever are carried in the dust. Activities, including farming in the Central Valley, contribute to the spread of the spores. \u003ccite>(Robin Beck/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>State health officials note that rates of valley fever continue to be highest in the southern San Joaquin Valley, but are also increasing in other areas, including the northern Central Valley and the Central Coast.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As of July 31, provisional data from the state’s health department showed Alameda County reported 72 valley fever cases, while Contra Costa County had 105 cases.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cohen said a wet winter two years ago may have played a role in the increase.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a mold. And so wet winters help the mold grow,” Cohen said. “Dry summers, particularly dry summers with wind, allow the organism to be blown around and then inhaled by people, which ultimately causes infections.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Researchers at UC Berkeley published a \u003ca href=\"https://publichealth.berkeley.edu/articles/spotlight/research/longer-drier-summers-extend-valley-fever-transmission\">study\u003c/a> this year showing that longer, drier summers in California can extend the disease’s transmission. The researchers call for targeted interventions, such as raising awareness among at-risk populations and improving diagnostic testing during peak periods.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11491959/\">Research\u003c/a> from the National Institutes of Health found that dust storms, exacerbated by climate change, also contribute to valley fever’s spread, transporting fungal spores over long distances and exposing larger populations to the risk of infection. Construction in high-risk areas may also contribute to an increase in reports of valley fever.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, valley fever is \u003ca href=\"https://www.cdc.gov/valley-fever/php/statistics/index.html\">underdiagnosed\u003c/a>, and thousands of cases are not reported.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We want to remind Californians, travelers to California, and their healthcare providers to watch for signs and symptoms of valley fever to help detect it early,” CDPH Director and state public health officer Dr. Erica Pan said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Public Health is reminding residents — especially those who have been outdoors in dusty air in the Central Valley or Central Coast regions — to inquire with healthcare providers if they experience symptoms like cough, fever or trouble breathing for seven days or more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Residents are also advised to keep windows and doors closed when it is windy outside and the air is dusty, and to keep windows closed when driving through dusty areas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mbolanos\">\u003cem>Madi Bolaños\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report. \u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Raye Michelle Vang knows what it’s like to start over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/fresno\">Fresno\u003c/a> radio host and single mom of three said she wouldn’t be where she is today without the federal housing voucher she received nearly eight years ago. At the time, she was trying to leave an abusive relationship, raising two daughters, and pregnant with a third.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I just thought, you know, what am I going to do? Am I going to go homeless with three kids?” Vang said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She applied for a voucher on a whim, expecting to wait years. Instead, she was approved in a year. It changed everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The voucher, which pays 30% of her rent, allowed her to focus on providing for her daughters’ needs: diapers, new clothes and being present. She started taking communications classes at Clovis City College, where she landed the radio hosting job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang now hosts a two-hour daily show on Hmong Radio where she speaks “Hmonglish.” She covers everything from parenting to voting in local elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051150\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/image-8.png 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/image-8-160x75.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raye Michelle Vang (right) with her daughters at the Fresno Hmong New Year celebration in December 2024. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Raye Michelle Vang)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I would have never even thought about trying this [radio show], because I would be working two to three jobs,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Vang fears she and thousands of others could lose their safety net.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from the Trump administration, Congress is proposing sweeping cuts to the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s budget and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 900,000 Californians rely on federal housing assistance, and only 1 in 4 eligible residents currently receive help, according to the California Budget & Policy Center.[aside postID=news_12049612 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/250723-SHELTERFAMILIES-05-BL-KQED.jpg']“If Congress doesn’t act, we could see tens of thousands of people, including seniors, people with disabilities, and working parents, pushed out of their homes,” said Monica Davalos, a housing policy analyst with the California Budget & Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s proposal aims to cap assistance at two years for able-bodied adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If implemented, that time cap could strip rental assistance from an estimated 306,800 people across the state, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/7_F_ClYpANik10XLs1t3izBJNg?domain=cbpp.org\">Center on Budget and Policy Priorities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a heinous proposal that ignores the realities of California’s housing market and what it actually takes for people to get back on their feet,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither the House nor Senate budget bills currently include that proposal, but Davalos warns that it reflects the kind of policy direction that could still shape final negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress is expected to finalize a federal budget by Oct. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If federal cuts go through, the Fresno Housing Authority said up to 15,000 people across Fresno County could lose their homes. Other programs that help people transition off assistance, like Family Self-Sufficiency or Jobs Plus, are also on the chopping block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051136\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051136\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Housing advocates protest in Fresno on Dec. 11, 2021. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khoka/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It would totally restructure housing rental assistance across the state,” said Tyrone Williams, CEO of the Fresno Housing Authority. “Once they decide to cut this funding, we won’t be able to rein it back in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of the federal threats, Fresno is also facing the consequences of state-level setbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, California’s Housing and Community Development department revoked the city’s pro-housing designation, a label that helped Fresno competitively apply for state housing grants. The city lost that status after falling behind on several key housing obligations.[aside postID=news_12049734 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/241203-FresnoCampingBan-25-BL_qed.jpg']“This doesn’t just limit funding,” said Marisa Moraza of \u003ca href=\"https://powercalifornia.org/history\">Power California\u003c/a>. “It reflects the city’s ongoing failure to meet the moment and to take bold action in a housing crisis.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Advocates say Fresno’s housing strategy often focuses too much on new development and not enough on protecting the people already here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over 50% of Fresno residents are renters,” Moraza said. “If we want to keep people housed, we have to protect them. That means rent caps, eviction defense, and deeply affordable units.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Groups like Power CA Action and the Leadership Counsel for Justice and Accountability are pushing for stronger tenant protections, more community input, and investment in alternative housing models like land trusts or co-ops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang is worried for herself and the neighbors she sees struggling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s like you finally catch your breath, and then you fall again,” she said. “We’re trying to get assistance. But you can’t get back on your feet in two years when you barely get a raise. You just can’t.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If the voucher system is gutted, Vang would likely have to move her kids back into her parents’ house, which she called going back to “ground zero.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She applied for a voucher on a whim, expecting to wait years. Instead, she was approved in a year. It changed everything.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The voucher, which pays 30% of her rent, allowed her to focus on providing for her daughters’ needs: diapers, new clothes and being present. She started taking communications classes at Clovis City College, where she landed the radio hosting job.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vang now hosts a two-hour daily show on Hmong Radio where she speaks “Hmonglish.” She covers everything from parenting to voting in local elections.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051150\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051150\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/image-8.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"1080\" height=\"504\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/image-8.png 1080w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/image-8-160x75.png 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Raye Michelle Vang (right) with her daughters at the Fresno Hmong New Year celebration in December 2024. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Raye Michelle Vang)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I would have never even thought about trying this [radio show], because I would be working two to three jobs,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But now, Vang fears she and thousands of others could lose their safety net.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under pressure from the Trump administration, Congress is proposing sweeping cuts to the Department of Housing and Urban Development’s budget and programs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>More than 900,000 Californians rely on federal housing assistance, and only 1 in 4 eligible residents currently receive help, according to the California Budget & Policy Center.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“If Congress doesn’t act, we could see tens of thousands of people, including seniors, people with disabilities, and working parents, pushed out of their homes,” said Monica Davalos, a housing policy analyst with the California Budget & Policy Center.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Trump administration’s proposal aims to cap assistance at two years for able-bodied adults.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If implemented, that time cap could strip rental assistance from an estimated 306,800 people across the state, according to the \u003ca href=\"https://url.us.m.mimecastprotect.com/s/7_F_ClYpANik10XLs1t3izBJNg?domain=cbpp.org\">Center on Budget and Policy Priorities\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s a heinous proposal that ignores the realities of California’s housing market and what it actually takes for people to get back on their feet,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Neither the House nor Senate budget bills currently include that proposal, but Davalos warns that it reflects the kind of policy direction that could still shape final negotiations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Congress is expected to finalize a federal budget by Oct. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If federal cuts go through, the Fresno Housing Authority said up to 15,000 people across Fresno County could lose their homes. Other programs that help people transition off assistance, like Family Self-Sufficiency or Jobs Plus, are also on the chopping block.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051136\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051136\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/Fresno-homeless-1_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Housing advocates protest in Fresno on Dec. 11, 2021. \u003ccite>(Sasha Khoka/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It would totally restructure housing rental assistance across the state,” said Tyrone Williams, CEO of the Fresno Housing Authority. “Once they decide to cut this funding, we won’t be able to rein it back in.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>On top of the federal threats, Fresno is also facing the consequences of state-level setbacks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In June, California’s Housing and Community Development department revoked the city’s pro-housing designation, a label that helped Fresno competitively apply for state housing grants. The city lost that status after falling behind on several key housing obligations.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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},
"mindshift": {
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"order": 12
},
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"google": "https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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},
"perspectives": {
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"order": 14
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"apple": "https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"order": 5
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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"source": "Possible"
},
"link": "/radio/program/possible",
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"spotify": "https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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