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"disqusTitle": "15-Year Sentence for Oakland Man Who Pleaded Guilty to Terrorism Charge",
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"content": "\u003cp>A federal judge sentenced an Oakland man Tuesday to 15 years, eight months in prison after a protracted sentencing hearing that weighed whether the now 23-year-old actually meant to carry out any of his wide-ranging plots for mayhem across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amer Sinan Alhaggagi was caught on video in summer 2016 discussing with an undercover FBI agent his plans to \"redefine terror\" in the Bay Area. They talked about bombing gay nightclubs and UC Berkeley dorms, setting fires in the Berkeley Hills, poisonings and slayings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to make it to the point where every American here, like, thinks twice or three times before he leaves his home,\" Alhaggagi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is the very heart of what terrorism is,\" federal prosecutor Waqar Hasib argued Tuesday, adding that \"one of the most troubling things\" was that Alhaggagi's targets were in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are known for being open and accepting,\" Hasib argued. \"It is that very value of openness and acceptance that Mr. Alhaggagi sought to exploit in carrying out his attacks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense argued that Alhaggagi was never charged for any of the things he said to the FBI agent, or any of his ill-conceived attacks. Instead, and only after he stopped communicating with the agent, he set up several social media accounts for an Islamic State supporter in Iraq. The accounts, the government argued, were later used to spread terrorist propaganda — and it was that action that generated a federal terrorism charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a totally different thing, it was an online thing, he regretted it and he stopped it,\" defense attorney Mary McNamara argued Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi apologized in a brief statement before he was sentenced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I find it hard to look and listen to all the horrible things I said to the undercover agent,\" he said. \"I can see why people, the FBI, got worried. I made myself look like a crazy person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm ashamed and embarrassed,\" he concluded.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9z1FBzHNOE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His sentence also includes a two-year term for identity theft charges — he stole credit card numbers and used them to buy expensive clothes, according to court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Doesn't Sound Like a Jihadi'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi's status as an internet troll was a central issue to his case. His defense argued that he had retreated online after a series of failures in his life and was drawn to stoking arguments between Sunni and Shia Muslims online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of his chats about fanciful arms deals in summer 2016 alerted an FBI source, who then told Alhaggagi that a \"cousin\" (an undercover FBI agent) was on his way to Oakland for a meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Up until now, this had been an online game of chicken with the informant,\" McNamara said in court. \"Now, someone was going to come out of the internet and appear in person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She argued Alhaggagi kept up his internet persona in person, punctuating his talk of mass slaying with smiles and laughter, much like the \"lols\" and smiling emojies that peppered his chats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He doesn’t sound like a jihadi, doesn’t look like a jihadi, doesn’t act like a jihadi,\" McNamara said, adding that other cases involving terrorism charges generally don't involve juvenile jokes and emojies. \"He’s a goofball, he’s a class clown, he’s a horrible little person when he’s trolling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Judge Charles Breyer noted a few actual steps Alhaggagi took to further his plans. He downloaded a bomb-making manual, found during a search of his electronics after he was arrested in November 2016. And he took photographs of supposed targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was willing to participate in these conversations with people other than government agents, and the consequences are enormous,\" Breyer said from the bench. \"He may think it’s a joke, he may not have intended it, but the other person may not know it’s a joke. The other person may intend it.\"\u003cbr>\n[aside hero=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/screen-shot-2-1020x523.jpg\" label=\"Terrorist or Troll? The Case of Amer Sinan Alhaggagi\" link1=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11713245/terror-debated-at-dramatic-sentencing-of-oakland-man-who-opened-twitter-accounts-for-islamic-state,Terror Debated at 'Dramatic' Sentencing of Oakland Man Who Opened Twitter Accounts for Islamic State\" link2=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area,Terrorist or Troll? Judge to Weigh Whether Oakland Man Really Intended to Attack Bay Area\" link3=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing,Oakland Man Pleads Guilty to Terrorism Charge, Plans to Litigate Case at Sentencing\" link4=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11592065/man-charged-with-attempting-to-support-terrorism-talked-about-attacking-s-f-east-bay-targets,Man Charged With Attempting to Support Terrorism Talked About Attacking S.F., East Bay Targets\"]\u003cbr>\nMore than 150 members of the Bay Area Yemeni-American community signed a statement in support of Alhaggagi. They packed court hearings over the past year, and several people sobbed softly at the end of the sentencing hearing Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi's uncle, Hashem Awnallah, said after the hearing that his community knew another side of Alhaggagi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The community also knew him as a person who cared for others,\" Awnallah said. \"The world needs to know that he is not radicalized, he is not dangerous, and definitely, he is not a terrorist.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His community pooled together $10,000 for an educational fund after Alhaggagi's release, and Awnallah said they are convening conversations to talk about online radicalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jailhouse Informant\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breyer said he found credible the testimony of a jailhouse informant, who described meeting Alhaggagi, known as \"the terrorist,\" at Glenn Dyer Jail in Oakland in early 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Jump, 54, testified Tuesday that he'd been incarcerated for half his adult life. He served as a jailhouse lawyer among inmates in the pod of cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, Alhaggagi's continued plotting even after his arrest crossed a line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This stuff is so far from what I've always considered acceptable criminal behavior,\" Jump testified. \"It's indiscriminate, that type of action. It can hurt anyone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jump said he and a cellmate found a letter Alhaggagi had written, with directions for someone on the outside to destroy a phone and some electronic files.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he saw a cartoon depicting a truck driving up to the federal court building in San Francisco and blowing it up. And there was talk of bombs and bomb-making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Alhaggagi's defense, this was continued puffery — the young man was faced with serious criminal charges and surrounded by convicts, and he again leaned on his internet persona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Breyer found Alhaggagi's repeated willingness to plot violence, as entertainment, showed a disturbing lack of empathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is chilling,\" Breyer said. \"If people lack empathy toward one another, they are extraordinarily dangerous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Alhaggagi's 15-year sentence would serve as a deterrent, not just to the defendant, but to anyone who thinks it's OK to talk the way he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have become somewhat sensitized to the seriousness of joking,\" Breyer said. \"You know why we’ve become sensitized? Because some people are not joking.\"\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>A federal judge sentenced an Oakland man Tuesday to 15 years, eight months in prison after a protracted sentencing hearing that weighed whether the now 23-year-old actually meant to carry out any of his wide-ranging plots for mayhem across the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Amer Sinan Alhaggagi was caught on video in summer 2016 discussing with an undercover FBI agent his plans to \"redefine terror\" in the Bay Area. They talked about bombing gay nightclubs and UC Berkeley dorms, setting fires in the Berkeley Hills, poisonings and slayings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I want to make it to the point where every American here, like, thinks twice or three times before he leaves his home,\" Alhaggagi said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is the very heart of what terrorism is,\" federal prosecutor Waqar Hasib argued Tuesday, adding that \"one of the most troubling things\" was that Alhaggagi's targets were in the Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We are known for being open and accepting,\" Hasib argued. \"It is that very value of openness and acceptance that Mr. Alhaggagi sought to exploit in carrying out his attacks.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense argued that Alhaggagi was never charged for any of the things he said to the FBI agent, or any of his ill-conceived attacks. Instead, and only after he stopped communicating with the agent, he set up several social media accounts for an Islamic State supporter in Iraq. The accounts, the government argued, were later used to spread terrorist propaganda — and it was that action that generated a federal terrorism charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It was a totally different thing, it was an online thing, he regretted it and he stopped it,\" defense attorney Mary McNamara argued Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi apologized in a brief statement before he was sentenced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I find it hard to look and listen to all the horrible things I said to the undercover agent,\" he said. \"I can see why people, the FBI, got worried. I made myself look like a crazy person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I'm ashamed and embarrassed,\" he concluded.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9z1FBzHNOE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9z1FBzHNOE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>His sentence also includes a two-year term for identity theft charges — he stole credit card numbers and used them to buy expensive clothes, according to court filings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>'Doesn't Sound Like a Jihadi'\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi's status as an internet troll was a central issue to his case. His defense argued that he had retreated online after a series of failures in his life and was drawn to stoking arguments between Sunni and Shia Muslims online.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of his chats about fanciful arms deals in summer 2016 alerted an FBI source, who then told Alhaggagi that a \"cousin\" (an undercover FBI agent) was on his way to Oakland for a meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Up until now, this had been an online game of chicken with the informant,\" McNamara said in court. \"Now, someone was going to come out of the internet and appear in person.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She argued Alhaggagi kept up his internet persona in person, punctuating his talk of mass slaying with smiles and laughter, much like the \"lols\" and smiling emojies that peppered his chats.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He doesn’t sound like a jihadi, doesn’t look like a jihadi, doesn’t act like a jihadi,\" McNamara said, adding that other cases involving terrorism charges generally don't involve juvenile jokes and emojies. \"He’s a goofball, he’s a class clown, he’s a horrible little person when he’s trolling.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Judge Charles Breyer noted a few actual steps Alhaggagi took to further his plans. He downloaded a bomb-making manual, found during a search of his electronics after he was arrested in November 2016. And he took photographs of supposed targets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"He was willing to participate in these conversations with people other than government agents, and the consequences are enormous,\" Breyer said from the bench. \"He may think it’s a joke, he may not have intended it, but the other person may not know it’s a joke. The other person may intend it.\"\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"link1": "https://www.kqed.org/news/11713245/terror-debated-at-dramatic-sentencing-of-oakland-man-who-opened-twitter-accounts-for-islamic-state,Terror Debated at 'Dramatic' Sentencing of Oakland Man Who Opened Twitter Accounts for Islamic State",
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"link3": "https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing,Oakland Man Pleads Guilty to Terrorism Charge, Plans to Litigate Case at Sentencing",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nMore than 150 members of the Bay Area Yemeni-American community signed a statement in support of Alhaggagi. They packed court hearings over the past year, and several people sobbed softly at the end of the sentencing hearing Tuesday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi's uncle, Hashem Awnallah, said after the hearing that his community knew another side of Alhaggagi.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The community also knew him as a person who cared for others,\" Awnallah said. \"The world needs to know that he is not radicalized, he is not dangerous, and definitely, he is not a terrorist.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>His community pooled together $10,000 for an educational fund after Alhaggagi's release, and Awnallah said they are convening conversations to talk about online radicalization.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Jailhouse Informant\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Breyer said he found credible the testimony of a jailhouse informant, who described meeting Alhaggagi, known as \"the terrorist,\" at Glenn Dyer Jail in Oakland in early 2017.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Richard Jump, 54, testified Tuesday that he'd been incarcerated for half his adult life. He served as a jailhouse lawyer among inmates in the pod of cells.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But, he said, Alhaggagi's continued plotting even after his arrest crossed a line.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"This stuff is so far from what I've always considered acceptable criminal behavior,\" Jump testified. \"It's indiscriminate, that type of action. It can hurt anyone.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jump said he and a cellmate found a letter Alhaggagi had written, with directions for someone on the outside to destroy a phone and some electronic files.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he saw a cartoon depicting a truck driving up to the federal court building in San Francisco and blowing it up. And there was talk of bombs and bomb-making.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To Alhaggagi's defense, this was continued puffery — the young man was faced with serious criminal charges and surrounded by convicts, and he again leaned on his internet persona.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Breyer found Alhaggagi's repeated willingness to plot violence, as entertainment, showed a disturbing lack of empathy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"That is chilling,\" Breyer said. \"If people lack empathy toward one another, they are extraordinarily dangerous.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Alhaggagi's 15-year sentence would serve as a deterrent, not just to the defendant, but to anyone who thinks it's OK to talk the way he did.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We have become somewhat sensitized to the seriousness of joking,\" Breyer said. \"You know why we’ve become sensitized? Because some people are not joking.\"\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "terror-debated-at-dramatic-sentencing-of-oakland-man-who-opened-twitter-accounts-for-islamic-state",
"title": "Terror Debated at 'Dramatic' Sentencing of Oakland Man Who Opened Twitter Accounts for Islamic State",
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"headTitle": "Terror Debated at ‘Dramatic’ Sentencing of Oakland Man Who Opened Twitter Accounts for Islamic State | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>The sentencing of a 23-year-old Oakland man who pleaded guilty to a terrorism charge last summer will continue into next year as a federal judge grapples with what the defense says is an overly broad law that allows severe punishment for providing any kind of aid to a terrorist group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Charles Breyer continued the sentencing of Amer Sinan Alhaggagi after a full day of testimony Monday in order to hear next month from two jailhouse informants who told federal prosecutors that the defendant continued to plan attacks even after he was arrested in late 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">Terrorist or Troll? Judge to Weigh Whether Oakland Man Really Intended to Attack Bay Area\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/screen-shot-2-1180x605.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I really want to get this right,” Breyer said from the bench. “I don’t think I’ve had a sentencing as dramatic in the sense of what was done, what was said, and what a potential sentence should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What was said includes voluminous statements from Alhaggagi, online and in person to an undercover FBI agent, describing plans for a series of bomb attacks in San Francisco and the East Bay, a plot to distribute strychnine-laced cocaine and a scheme to light a wildfire in the Berkeley Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what was done falls far short of any action to carry out those attacks, Alhaggagi’s defense argues. His attorneys are quick to point out that the charge — attempting to provide material support to a foreign terrorist organization — stems not from Alhaggagi’s idea to “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">redefine terror in the Bay Area\u003c/a>,” but rather from his opening of a handful of social media accounts for Islamic State sympathizers. The defense argues that it was part of an immature chat room fight — and Alhaggagi’s attempt to enlist online jihadis to retaliate for him in a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=flame%20war\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flame war\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI and federal prosecutors took Alhaggagi’s talk seriously, conducting round-the-clock surveillance and sending an undercover agent posing as an al-Qaida bomb maker to probe the defendant’s intentions. The prosecution argues that Alhaggagi’s repeated willingness to meet with the agent, his online history including downloading a bomb-making manual and researching strychnine, and his application for a job with the Oakland Police Department are all real actions Alhaggagi took to further his plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re seeking a 33-year prison sentence. The defense, bolstered by the agreement of the federal probation department and a former CIA operative who evaluated Alhaggagi’s extremism, is asking for a four-year sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Manager of Spies’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Former CIA case officer Dr. Marc Sageman was hired by Alhaggagi’s defense to apply his decades of experience interviewing jihadi extremists and measure the defendant’s intentions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman testified that he was a “manager of spies” and “ran a war” against the Soviets in Afghanistan during his time with the CIA in the 1980s. He resigned in 1991 and pursued a specialty in forensic psychology, he testified, also applying social science principles to the study of political violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he studied the 11,000 pages of discovery in the case against Alhaggagi in preparation for an interview that would test two hypotheses.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">Oakland Man Pleads Guilty to Terrorism Charge, Plans to Litigate Case at Sentencing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS29855_COURTHOUSE_007-qut-1180x788.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“He’s either trolling people or he’s a real jihadi,” Sageman testified. “Talk is cheap. There are so many people on the internet claiming all kinds of things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman said he first tested Alhaggagi by dropping a reference to Abdullah Azzam — a mentor of Osama bin Laden known as the “father of global jihad.” Azzam was killed in 1989, several years before Alhaggagi was born, and the defendant didn’t know who he was, Sageman testified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every jihadi who I have ever met knew who Abdullah Azzam was,” Sageman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Alhaggagi habitually invented stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s really a coward,” Sageman testified as Alhaggagi grinned. “He doesn’t really do anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Slaughter Them With Knives’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutor Waqar Hasib criticized the way Sageman summarized some of Alhaggagi’s statements in his report, which was filed under seal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hasib seized on Sageman’s conclusion that because Alhaggagi has no history of violent crime, he is actually less likely to be dangerous than a randomly selected U.S. citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is a randomly picked individual from the United States likely to talk about planting a bomb in a gay nightclub with someone they just met?” Hasib asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No,” Sageman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know how to build bombs,” Sageman added. “Mr. Alhaggagi does not know how to build bombs.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U9z1FBzHNOE&feature=youtu.be\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hasib played an audio recording in court of a November 2016 meeting between the undercover agent and Alhaggagi, in which the agent discusses, and agrees with, the defendant’s wide-ranging plans for murder and mayhem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to do several different types of killing,” Alhaggagi said on the recording. “I wanna like, do the explosives, kill ‘em with guns, probably like slaughter them with knives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman said Alhaggagi was continuing his online trolling behavior in real life, seeing how far he could push before someone disagreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more absurd ideas he had, the more they agreed with it and encouraged him,” Sageman testified.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Detonator’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The dispute over whether Alhaggagi is a sincere terrorist or incredibly zealous troll is the central argument in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman said the government mistranslated parts of Alhaggagi’s chats in Arabic and took them out of context. He cited gruesome passages punctuated by smiling emojis, and a conversation that on its face appeared to be a discussion about bombs and detonators. Sageman said the chat was really a running joke between teenage boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By detonator, I think he was talking about his phallus,” Sageman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Informants\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But the U.S. government argues Alhaggagi followed a course of conduct that began with him contacting Islamic State sympathizers to inquire about making bombs, continued in meetings with the undercover agent and culminated in creating social media accounts to help the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prosecution says it didn’t stop after Alhaggagi’s November 2016 arrest. They plan to call two jailhouse informants when the sentencing hearing resumes on Jan. 8 who say Alhaggagi discussed blowing up the federal court building in San Francisco and was seen drawing a schematic of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense says the main informant is known to be untrustworthy, and both men are receiving benefits in exchange for their testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our client was notorious in the jail,” defense attorney Mary McNamara told the judge. “He went by the moniker, according to the other inmates, ‘The Terrorist,’ even though he never called himself that.”\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Amer Sinan Alhaggagi's sentencing was continued Monday until Jan. 8, when the judge will hear testimony from two jailhouse informants who told federal prosecutors that the defendant continued to plan attacks even after he was arrested in late 2016.",
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"title": "Terror Debated at 'Dramatic' Sentencing of Oakland Man Who Opened Twitter Accounts for Islamic State | KQED",
"description": "Amer Sinan Alhaggagi's sentencing was continued Monday until Jan. 8, when the judge will hear testimony from two jailhouse informants who told federal prosecutors that the defendant continued to plan attacks even after he was arrested in late 2016.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The sentencing of a 23-year-old Oakland man who pleaded guilty to a terrorism charge last summer will continue into next year as a federal judge grapples with what the defense says is an overly broad law that allows severe punishment for providing any kind of aid to a terrorist group.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Judge Charles Breyer continued the sentencing of Amer Sinan Alhaggagi after a full day of testimony Monday in order to hear next month from two jailhouse informants who told federal prosecutors that the defendant continued to plan attacks even after he was arrested in late 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">Terrorist or Troll? Judge to Weigh Whether Oakland Man Really Intended to Attack Bay Area\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/screen-shot-2-1180x605.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“I really want to get this right,” Breyer said from the bench. “I don’t think I’ve had a sentencing as dramatic in the sense of what was done, what was said, and what a potential sentence should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What was said includes voluminous statements from Alhaggagi, online and in person to an undercover FBI agent, describing plans for a series of bomb attacks in San Francisco and the East Bay, a plot to distribute strychnine-laced cocaine and a scheme to light a wildfire in the Berkeley Hills.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But what was done falls far short of any action to carry out those attacks, Alhaggagi’s defense argues. His attorneys are quick to point out that the charge — attempting to provide material support to a foreign terrorist organization — stems not from Alhaggagi’s idea to “\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11712239/terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">redefine terror in the Bay Area\u003c/a>,” but rather from his opening of a handful of social media accounts for Islamic State sympathizers. The defense argues that it was part of an immature chat room fight — and Alhaggagi’s attempt to enlist online jihadis to retaliate for him in a “\u003ca href=\"https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=flame%20war\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">flame war\u003c/a>.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI and federal prosecutors took Alhaggagi’s talk seriously, conducting round-the-clock surveillance and sending an undercover agent posing as an al-Qaida bomb maker to probe the defendant’s intentions. The prosecution argues that Alhaggagi’s repeated willingness to meet with the agent, his online history including downloading a bomb-making manual and researching strychnine, and his application for a job with the Oakland Police Department are all real actions Alhaggagi took to further his plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They’re seeking a 33-year prison sentence. The defense, bolstered by the agreement of the federal probation department and a former CIA operative who evaluated Alhaggagi’s extremism, is asking for a four-year sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Manager of Spies’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Former CIA case officer Dr. Marc Sageman was hired by Alhaggagi’s defense to apply his decades of experience interviewing jihadi extremists and measure the defendant’s intentions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman testified that he was a “manager of spies” and “ran a war” against the Soviets in Afghanistan during his time with the CIA in the 1980s. He resigned in 1991 and pursued a specialty in forensic psychology, he testified, also applying social science principles to the study of political violence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said he studied the 11,000 pages of discovery in the case against Alhaggagi in preparation for an interview that would test two hypotheses.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000;\">Oakland Man Pleads Guilty to Terrorism Charge, Plans to Litigate Case at Sentencing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS29855_COURTHOUSE_007-qut-1180x788.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>“He’s either trolling people or he’s a real jihadi,” Sageman testified. “Talk is cheap. There are so many people on the internet claiming all kinds of things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman said he first tested Alhaggagi by dropping a reference to Abdullah Azzam — a mentor of Osama bin Laden known as the “father of global jihad.” Azzam was killed in 1989, several years before Alhaggagi was born, and the defendant didn’t know who he was, Sageman testified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Every jihadi who I have ever met knew who Abdullah Azzam was,” Sageman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Alhaggagi habitually invented stories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“He’s really a coward,” Sageman testified as Alhaggagi grinned. “He doesn’t really do anything.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Slaughter Them With Knives’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Federal prosecutor Waqar Hasib criticized the way Sageman summarized some of Alhaggagi’s statements in his report, which was filed under seal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Hasib seized on Sageman’s conclusion that because Alhaggagi has no history of violent crime, he is actually less likely to be dangerous than a randomly selected U.S. citizen.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Is a randomly picked individual from the United States likely to talk about planting a bomb in a gay nightclub with someone they just met?” Hasib asked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“No,” Sageman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I know how to build bombs,” Sageman added. “Mr. Alhaggagi does not know how to build bombs.”\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9z1FBzHNOE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9z1FBzHNOE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>Hasib played an audio recording in court of a November 2016 meeting between the undercover agent and Alhaggagi, in which the agent discusses, and agrees with, the defendant’s wide-ranging plans for murder and mayhem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to do several different types of killing,” Alhaggagi said on the recording. “I wanna like, do the explosives, kill ‘em with guns, probably like slaughter them with knives.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman said Alhaggagi was continuing his online trolling behavior in real life, seeing how far he could push before someone disagreed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The more absurd ideas he had, the more they agreed with it and encouraged him,” Sageman testified.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>‘Detonator’\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>The dispute over whether Alhaggagi is a sincere terrorist or incredibly zealous troll is the central argument in the case.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sageman said the government mistranslated parts of Alhaggagi’s chats in Arabic and took them out of context. He cited gruesome passages punctuated by smiling emojis, and a conversation that on its face appeared to be a discussion about bombs and detonators. Sageman said the chat was really a running joke between teenage boys.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“By detonator, I think he was talking about his phallus,” Sageman said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Informants\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>But the U.S. government argues Alhaggagi followed a course of conduct that began with him contacting Islamic State sympathizers to inquire about making bombs, continued in meetings with the undercover agent and culminated in creating social media accounts to help the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prosecution says it didn’t stop after Alhaggagi’s November 2016 arrest. They plan to call two jailhouse informants when the sentencing hearing resumes on Jan. 8 who say Alhaggagi discussed blowing up the federal court building in San Francisco and was seen drawing a schematic of the building.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense says the main informant is known to be untrustworthy, and both men are receiving benefits in exchange for their testimony.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our client was notorious in the jail,” defense attorney Mary McNamara told the judge. “He went by the moniker, according to the other inmates, ‘The Terrorist,’ even though he never called himself that.”\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "terrorist-or-troll-judge-to-weigh-whether-oakland-man-really-intended-to-attack-bay-area",
"title": "Terrorist or Troll? Judge to Weigh Whether Oakland Man Really Intended to Attack Bay Area",
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"headTitle": "Terrorist or Troll? Judge to Weigh Whether Oakland Man Really Intended to Attack Bay Area | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer is expected Monday to consider whether a now 23-year-old Oakland man actually meant the deluge of statements he made online and in person two years ago, describing a series of plans to “redefine terror” in the Bay Area by bombing gay nightclubs, setting a wildfire in the Berkeley Hills, distributing cocaine laced with poison and attacking UC Berkeley dorms, among other plots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to make it to the point where every American here, like, thinks twice or three times before he leaves his home,” Amer Sinan Alhaggagi said on video as he toured the East Bay on July 29, 2016, with an undercover FBI agent posing as an al-Qaida operative. “That’s the goal. … All the burning, the explosives, the poison, all of that adds up to some conclusion, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has exclusively obtained excerpts of that video and other evidence in the case against Alhaggagi, set for sentencing on Monday. In a relatively unusual maneuver this summer, he pleaded guilty to attempting to provide support to a foreign terrorist organization — the Islamic State — with no assurances from the prosecution that he would receive a lighter sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Oakland Man Pleads Guilty to Terrorism Charge, Plans to Litigate Case at Sentencing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS29855_COURTHOUSE_007-qut-1180x788.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He essentially threw himself on the mercy of the court, said Stanford law professor Robert Weisberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can understand why the defense thought the case was hopeless in terms of guilt because [the facts against Alhaggagi] are on their face pretty bad,” Weisberg said. “They really, really are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Alhaggagi’s defense attorney, Mary McNamara, knows what she’s doing with the strategy to litigate her client’s culpability at his sentencing hearing. The defense case essentially boils down to this: He didn’t intend to follow through on anything that he said. He didn’t understand the seriousness of setting up social media accounts for members of the Islamic State — the actual substance of the terrorism charge he faces. And he was essentially a troll, online and IRL, doing it for the LOLs.\u003cbr>\n[ad fullwidth]\u003cbr>\n“The government spins an elaborate theory to explain why a supposed terrorist never took a single step to carry out any of his plots,” the defense wrote in its sentencing memorandum. “The government posits that Mr. Alhaggagi, an untrained 21 year old with the mentality of a teenager, is a criminal mastermind whose refusal to act is even \u003cem>bigger proof\u003c/em> that he is a terrorist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weisberg summarized the defense strategy in the case: “You have to put in the context that this guy sort of ritually repeats horrible things that he’s heard elsewhere, and yes, there’s a risk that they’ll be taken seriously by others, but he’s a fool. He doesn’t know what he’s doing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The texts featured emojis (smiley faces) and the argot of teenagers on the internet (“LOL” for laugh out loud, “LMAO” for laughing my ass off) in response to claims of carnage and savagery.’ \u003ccite>Defense Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The stakes are high for Alhaggagi, who faces a wide range of potential prison sentences. His attorneys, the probation department’s presentencing report and a defense expert on Islamic radicalization are all recommending a four-year sentence. The prosecution is arguing for 33 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of these cases where ultimately, I think, a wise judge is being asked to come up with something sensible,” Weisberg said. “This business about pleading without a deal ahead of time — it’s not a practice I’d recommend very widely, nor one sees very widely, but it may very well make sense here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Case Begins Online\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already an accomplished fraudster and identity thief, Alhaggagi began discussing obtaining weapons and joining the Islamic State in Syria in an encrypted online chat room on July 19, 2016, according to the prosecution’s sentencing memorandum. An FBI source was lurking in the chat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That source contacted Alhaggagi two days later, but in this conversation, Alhaggagi offered to provide weapons to the FBI source. Over the next week, the two engaged in a wide-ranging encrypted conversation about weapons, bomb-making, terror and the defendant’s “mad crazy plans” for the Bay Area, according to discussion of the chats in the government’s sentencing memorandum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Y]ou kknow [sic] what they say, everyone is a gangster untile [sic] it’s time to do gangster shit [emojis],” Alhaggagi chatted. “I’m gonna case [sic] millions of dollars worth of damages and \u003cem>inshallah\u003c/em> [God Willing] 100’s of bodies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Read the Arguments\u003c/span>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26073_GettyImages-73534290-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5432118-181204-Alhaggagi-Gov-Sentencing-Memo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United States’ Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5432077-181204-Alhaggagi-Def-Sentencing-Memo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Defendant’s Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5432390-181204-Def-Sentence-Exhibit-a-Alhaggagi-Letter.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amer Alhaggagi Statement\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The specific emojis Alhaggagi used are not specified in the government’s filing. His defense argues they provide important context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The exchanges are vile, but read in context they are hard to take seriously,” the defense’s sentencing memorandum says. “The texts featured emojis (smiley faces) and the argot of teenagers on the internet (“LOL” for laugh out loud, ‘LMAO’ for laughing my ass off) in response to claims of carnage and savagery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chat continued to Alhaggagi’s plans to “place a bomb in a gay club,” and his statement that “The whole bay area is gonna be up in flames,” according to the excerpts of the chat in the government’s sentencing arguments. Alhaggagi said his goal was now to “get 10,000 pppl” in a series of attacks. He discussed planting secondary bombs along routes that first responders would use to help casualties of his initial attack, according to the prosecution’s filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>FBI Identifies Alhaggagi\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FBI agents identified Alhaggagi by comparing his screen names in the encrypted chats with a similarly named Twitter account, and tracing the location of that account to a cellphone store in Berkeley, according to the prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents also learned that he had recently applied to the Oakland Police Department, something he’d mentioned in his chats as a ploy to get him access to weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An undercover FBI agent posing as a former al-Qaida operative in Afghanistan reached out to Alhaggagi and the two met in person on July 29, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the agreed-upon time for the face-to-face meeting in Oakland came, it was ALHAGGAGI who stepped forward to introduce himself,” the prosecution wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The ‘Quick-Thinking’ FBI Agent\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following conversation between the agent and Alhaggagi was captured on a hidden camera in the agent’s car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Video excerpts attached to the prosecution’s sentencing arguments begin with Alhaggagi discussing his plans to enter Islamic State-controlled territory through a town on the Turkey-Syria border, but he later discovered that IS was not in control of the town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This description from Alhaggagi was in fact remarkably accurate,” the prosecution wrote, citing the Islamic State’s loss of the town to Kurdish forces in the summer of 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi explained he received direction from Islamic State operatives to plan an attack in the Bay Area instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always wanted to do something here,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://youtu.be/U9z1FBzHNOE\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One plot involved lacing cocaine with strychnine — rodent poison — and distributing the deadly powder at nightclubs. Alhaggagi said he had already ordered the poison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In what became a tour of Alhaggagi’s alleged targets in the East Bay, the two men discussed planting bombs in UC Berkeley dorms, and Alhaggagi said, “Yeah, I’d like to kill the students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They then drove into the Berkeley Hills, where Alhaggagi suggested starting a wildfire “and then it’ll spread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi said in a Dec. 4 statement to the court that he thought the FBI agent wasn’t serious, but rather a “wannabe who liked to talk big and was maybe pissed off for losing his job.” Alhaggagi said he was continuing his online trolling in the meeting with the agent, mimicking his “chat persona” of an aspiring terrorist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they headed back to Oakland, the prosecution argues that Alhaggagi decided to vet the FBI agent, asking a series of pointed questions engineered to test the agent’s knowledge of al-Qaida and the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one response, the agent praised Iran, “a critical misstep that raised ALHAGGAGI’s suspicions,” the government wrote, because Iran is majority Shiite country, and the Islamic State is aligned with Sunni Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agent then didn’t recognize the name of the current head of al-Qaida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11712441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 760px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11712441\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/pros-memo-screen-shot.jpg\" alt=\"A portion of the prosecution's sentencing memorandum, summarizing Alhaggagi's conduct.\" width=\"760\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/pros-memo-screen-shot.jpg 760w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/pros-memo-screen-shot-160x116.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A portion of the prosecution’s sentencing memorandum, summarizing Alhaggagi’s conduct. \u003ccite>(Via the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Northern District of California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“[T]he quick-thinking FBI UCE [undercover employee] tried valiantly to recover … but the damage had already been done. ALHAGGAGI had been alerted — an al-Qaeda operative who did not immediately recognize the name of al-Qaeda’s highest leader after the death of Osama bin Laden might not be an al-Qaeda operative at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense seized on an apparent contradiction in the government’s arguments on this point, disputing the prosecution’s characterization of Alhaggagi as a “mastermind” who employed tests and ruses to expose an undercover agent, \u003cem>after\u003c/em> he’d revealed his true identity and described his plans in great detail. And he continued to meet with the agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remarkably, the government paints its own operation in just the opposite light,” the defense wrote. “In the government’s telling, the FBI was faced with what was a credible and imminent threat, but sent an agent to pose as an al Qaeda member who did not know the first thing about al Qaeda or ISIS.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government argues that Alhaggagi eventually stopped meeting with the undercover agent and abandoned his plans because he’d started to suspect a case was being built against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This narrative is simply false,” the defense wrote. “It was not because of a misstep by the UCE [undercover employee] that Mr. Alhaggagi never acted on the supposed plans. It was because Mr. Alhaggagi never intended to commit any act of terror to begin with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Activity Moves Back Online\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI kept Alhaggagi under 24-hour surveillance for the following months, but agents never found any evidence that he had, in fact, ordered strychnine or taken any other significant steps — beyond talk — to carry out his plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He stopped consistently communicating with the undercover agent after Aug. 14, 2016, when the agent showed him barrels of fake explosive chemicals in a storage shed the FBI had rented, and surveilled, to store attack materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agent approached Alhaggagi on the street in Oakland in late September, according the prosecution, and he agreed to meet for a meal, but then never showed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘He believed none of what he said, was surprised when anyone took him seriously and, in fact, is something of a coward.’ \u003ccite>Defense Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Federal agents arrested Alhaggagi in late November, initially under suspicion of identity theft charges stemming from the defendant’s practice of stealing credit card information from customers of the mobile phone store where he worked. He used the credit cards to buy several thousand dollars worth of clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the arrest and search of Alhaggagi’s phones and other devices, agents discovered communications with a 17-year-old in Iraq who in late 2017 was arrested and admitted to facilitating online propaganda for the Islamic State, according to the prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also found an electronic copy of a pro-Islamic State magazine, an Islamic State bomb-making manual accessed three days before Alhaggagi’s arrest, and a statement written in Arabic outlining some of the plans he discussed with the undercover agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents didn’t find a handgun Alhaggagi had allegedly shown the FBI undercover agent. They recovered additional video, allegedly taken by Alhaggagi in late June of 2016, weeks before he was identified by the FBI. The government says Alhaggagi can be heard speaking Arabic over video of a burning car, and he said that he caused the fire in the name of the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plots Continued After Arrest?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though further details about the allegation were filed under seal, the prosecution argues that two jailhouse informants say Alhaggagi continued to plot attacks on U.S. facilities after he was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense disputes the veracity of the jailhouse informants’ claims and argues the court should not consider their statements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For their part, Alhaggagi’s friends and family submitted about a dozen letters pleading for leniency to the court. They describe the defendant as an immature joker who loved attention and seemed unable to notice when a prank went too far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Amer Alhaggagi is not a terrorist,” his defense attorney wrote. “He is neither radicalized nor dangerous. Rather, as prominent radicalization expert Dr. Marc Sageman has found, the entire catalogue of his online output constituted the made-up imaginings of an immature prankster who felt trapped in a strict and traditional home. He believed none of what he said, was surprised when anyone took him seriously and, in fact, is something of a coward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prosecution argues that interpretation falls for one of Alhaggagi’s many frauds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not for the quick-thinking actions of the FBI and its undercover agent, it is no exaggeration whatsoever to say that this sentencing likely would have been about counting the bodies of victims, instead of counting the number of fake Twitter accounts and false IDs,” the prosecution wrote. “There is no doubt as far as the government is concerned that Alhaggagi was prepared to go ‘live.’ Why else did he do research on the dangers of strychnine? Why else was he looking online for fake passports? Why else did he obtain a bomb manual from [the Islamic State]. Why else was the bomb manual not enough? … This was no joke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"title": "Terrorist or Troll? Judge to Weigh Whether Oakland Man Really Intended to Attack Bay Area | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>U.S. District Judge Charles Breyer is expected Monday to consider whether a now 23-year-old Oakland man actually meant the deluge of statements he made online and in person two years ago, describing a series of plans to “redefine terror” in the Bay Area by bombing gay nightclubs, setting a wildfire in the Berkeley Hills, distributing cocaine laced with poison and attacking UC Berkeley dorms, among other plots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I want to make it to the point where every American here, like, thinks twice or three times before he leaves his home,” Amer Sinan Alhaggagi said on video as he toured the East Bay on July 29, 2016, with an undercover FBI agent posing as an al-Qaida operative. “That’s the goal. … All the burning, the explosives, the poison, all of that adds up to some conclusion, you know?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED has exclusively obtained excerpts of that video and other evidence in the case against Alhaggagi, set for sentencing on Monday. In a relatively unusual maneuver this summer, he pleaded guilty to attempting to provide support to a foreign terrorist organization — the Islamic State — with no assurances from the prosecution that he would receive a lighter sentence.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignright\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Oakland Man Pleads Guilty to Terrorism Charge, Plans to Litigate Case at Sentencing\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11681319/oakland-man-pleads-guilty-to-terrorism-charge-plans-to-litigate-case-at-sentencing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/07/RS29855_COURTHOUSE_007-qut-1180x788.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/a>\u003c/figure>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>He essentially threw himself on the mercy of the court, said Stanford law professor Robert Weisberg.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I can understand why the defense thought the case was hopeless in terms of guilt because [the facts against Alhaggagi] are on their face pretty bad,” Weisberg said. “They really, really are.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He said Alhaggagi’s defense attorney, Mary McNamara, knows what she’s doing with the strategy to litigate her client’s culpability at his sentencing hearing. The defense case essentially boils down to this: He didn’t intend to follow through on anything that he said. He didn’t understand the seriousness of setting up social media accounts for members of the Islamic State — the actual substance of the terrorism charge he faces. And he was essentially a troll, online and IRL, doing it for the LOLs.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“The government spins an elaborate theory to explain why a supposed terrorist never took a single step to carry out any of his plots,” the defense wrote in its sentencing memorandum. “The government posits that Mr. Alhaggagi, an untrained 21 year old with the mentality of a teenager, is a criminal mastermind whose refusal to act is even \u003cem>bigger proof\u003c/em> that he is a terrorist.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Weisberg summarized the defense strategy in the case: “You have to put in the context that this guy sort of ritually repeats horrible things that he’s heard elsewhere, and yes, there’s a risk that they’ll be taken seriously by others, but he’s a fool. He doesn’t know what he’s doing,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The texts featured emojis (smiley faces) and the argot of teenagers on the internet (“LOL” for laugh out loud, “LMAO” for laughing my ass off) in response to claims of carnage and savagery.’ \u003ccite>Defense Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The stakes are high for Alhaggagi, who faces a wide range of potential prison sentences. His attorneys, the probation department’s presentencing report and a defense expert on Islamic radicalization are all recommending a four-year sentence. The prosecution is arguing for 33 years in prison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is one of these cases where ultimately, I think, a wise judge is being asked to come up with something sensible,” Weisberg said. “This business about pleading without a deal ahead of time — it’s not a practice I’d recommend very widely, nor one sees very widely, but it may very well make sense here.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Case Begins Online\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Already an accomplished fraudster and identity thief, Alhaggagi began discussing obtaining weapons and joining the Islamic State in Syria in an encrypted online chat room on July 19, 2016, according to the prosecution’s sentencing memorandum. An FBI source was lurking in the chat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That source contacted Alhaggagi two days later, but in this conversation, Alhaggagi offered to provide weapons to the FBI source. Over the next week, the two engaged in a wide-ranging encrypted conversation about weapons, bomb-making, terror and the defendant’s “mad crazy plans” for the Bay Area, according to discussion of the chats in the government’s sentencing memorandum.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“[Y]ou kknow [sic] what they say, everyone is a gangster untile [sic] it’s time to do gangster shit [emojis],” Alhaggagi chatted. “I’m gonna case [sic] millions of dollars worth of damages and \u003cem>inshallah\u003c/em> [God Willing] 100’s of bodies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"alignleft\">\n\u003ch4 style=\"text-align: center\">\u003cspan style=\"color: #000000\">Read the Arguments\u003c/span>\u003c/h4>\n\u003cfigure>\u003cimg decoding=\"async\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/07/RS26073_GettyImages-73534290-qut-1180x787.jpg\" alt=\"\">\u003c/figure>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5432118-181204-Alhaggagi-Gov-Sentencing-Memo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">United States’ Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5432077-181204-Alhaggagi-Def-Sentencing-Memo.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Defendant’s Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/5432390-181204-Def-Sentence-Exhibit-a-Alhaggagi-Letter.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Amer Alhaggagi Statement\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>The specific emojis Alhaggagi used are not specified in the government’s filing. His defense argues they provide important context.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The exchanges are vile, but read in context they are hard to take seriously,” the defense’s sentencing memorandum says. “The texts featured emojis (smiley faces) and the argot of teenagers on the internet (“LOL” for laugh out loud, ‘LMAO’ for laughing my ass off) in response to claims of carnage and savagery.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The chat continued to Alhaggagi’s plans to “place a bomb in a gay club,” and his statement that “The whole bay area is gonna be up in flames,” according to the excerpts of the chat in the government’s sentencing arguments. Alhaggagi said his goal was now to “get 10,000 pppl” in a series of attacks. He discussed planting secondary bombs along routes that first responders would use to help casualties of his initial attack, according to the prosecution’s filing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>FBI Identifies Alhaggagi\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>FBI agents identified Alhaggagi by comparing his screen names in the encrypted chats with a similarly named Twitter account, and tracing the location of that account to a cellphone store in Berkeley, according to the prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents also learned that he had recently applied to the Oakland Police Department, something he’d mentioned in his chats as a ploy to get him access to weapons.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>An undercover FBI agent posing as a former al-Qaida operative in Afghanistan reached out to Alhaggagi and the two met in person on July 29, 2016.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When the agreed-upon time for the face-to-face meeting in Oakland came, it was ALHAGGAGI who stepped forward to introduce himself,” the prosecution wrote.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>The ‘Quick-Thinking’ FBI Agent\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The following conversation between the agent and Alhaggagi was captured on a hidden camera in the agent’s car.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Video excerpts attached to the prosecution’s sentencing arguments begin with Alhaggagi discussing his plans to enter Islamic State-controlled territory through a town on the Turkey-Syria border, but he later discovered that IS was not in control of the town.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This description from Alhaggagi was in fact remarkably accurate,” the prosecution wrote, citing the Islamic State’s loss of the town to Kurdish forces in the summer of 2015.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi explained he received direction from Islamic State operatives to plan an attack in the Bay Area instead.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’ve always wanted to do something here,” he said.\u003c/p>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutube'>\n \u003cspan class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__embedYoutubeInside'>\n \u003ciframe\n loading='lazy'\n class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__youtubeShortcode__youtubePlayer'\n type='text/html'\n src='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9z1FBzHNOE'\n title='//www.youtube.com/embed/U9z1FBzHNOE'\n allowfullscreen='true'\n style='border:0;'>\u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/span>\n \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cp>One plot involved lacing cocaine with strychnine — rodent poison — and distributing the deadly powder at nightclubs. Alhaggagi said he had already ordered the poison.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In what became a tour of Alhaggagi’s alleged targets in the East Bay, the two men discussed planting bombs in UC Berkeley dorms, and Alhaggagi said, “Yeah, I’d like to kill the students.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They then drove into the Berkeley Hills, where Alhaggagi suggested starting a wildfire “and then it’ll spread.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alhaggagi said in a Dec. 4 statement to the court that he thought the FBI agent wasn’t serious, but rather a “wannabe who liked to talk big and was maybe pissed off for losing his job.” Alhaggagi said he was continuing his online trolling in the meeting with the agent, mimicking his “chat persona” of an aspiring terrorist.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As they headed back to Oakland, the prosecution argues that Alhaggagi decided to vet the FBI agent, asking a series of pointed questions engineered to test the agent’s knowledge of al-Qaida and the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In one response, the agent praised Iran, “a critical misstep that raised ALHAGGAGI’s suspicions,” the government wrote, because Iran is majority Shiite country, and the Islamic State is aligned with Sunni Muslims.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agent then didn’t recognize the name of the current head of al-Qaida.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11712441\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 760px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11712441\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/pros-memo-screen-shot.jpg\" alt=\"A portion of the prosecution's sentencing memorandum, summarizing Alhaggagi's conduct.\" width=\"760\" height=\"549\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/pros-memo-screen-shot.jpg 760w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/12/pros-memo-screen-shot-160x116.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 760px) 100vw, 760px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A portion of the prosecution’s sentencing memorandum, summarizing Alhaggagi’s conduct. \u003ccite>(Via the U.S. Attorney's Office for the Northern District of California)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“[T]he quick-thinking FBI UCE [undercover employee] tried valiantly to recover … but the damage had already been done. ALHAGGAGI had been alerted — an al-Qaeda operative who did not immediately recognize the name of al-Qaeda’s highest leader after the death of Osama bin Laden might not be an al-Qaeda operative at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense seized on an apparent contradiction in the government’s arguments on this point, disputing the prosecution’s characterization of Alhaggagi as a “mastermind” who employed tests and ruses to expose an undercover agent, \u003cem>after\u003c/em> he’d revealed his true identity and described his plans in great detail. And he continued to meet with the agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Remarkably, the government paints its own operation in just the opposite light,” the defense wrote. “In the government’s telling, the FBI was faced with what was a credible and imminent threat, but sent an agent to pose as an al Qaeda member who did not know the first thing about al Qaeda or ISIS.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The government argues that Alhaggagi eventually stopped meeting with the undercover agent and abandoned his plans because he’d started to suspect a case was being built against him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This narrative is simply false,” the defense wrote. “It was not because of a misstep by the UCE [undercover employee] that Mr. Alhaggagi never acted on the supposed plans. It was because Mr. Alhaggagi never intended to commit any act of terror to begin with.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Activity Moves Back Online\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The FBI kept Alhaggagi under 24-hour surveillance for the following months, but agents never found any evidence that he had, in fact, ordered strychnine or taken any other significant steps — beyond talk — to carry out his plans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He stopped consistently communicating with the undercover agent after Aug. 14, 2016, when the agent showed him barrels of fake explosive chemicals in a storage shed the FBI had rented, and surveilled, to store attack materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The agent approached Alhaggagi on the street in Oakland in late September, according the prosecution, and he agreed to meet for a meal, but then never showed up.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘He believed none of what he said, was surprised when anyone took him seriously and, in fact, is something of a coward.’ \u003ccite>Defense Sentencing Memorandum\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Federal agents arrested Alhaggagi in late November, initially under suspicion of identity theft charges stemming from the defendant’s practice of stealing credit card information from customers of the mobile phone store where he worked. He used the credit cards to buy several thousand dollars worth of clothes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After the arrest and search of Alhaggagi’s phones and other devices, agents discovered communications with a 17-year-old in Iraq who in late 2017 was arrested and admitted to facilitating online propaganda for the Islamic State, according to the prosecution.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also found an electronic copy of a pro-Islamic State magazine, an Islamic State bomb-making manual accessed three days before Alhaggagi’s arrest, and a statement written in Arabic outlining some of the plans he discussed with the undercover agent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Agents didn’t find a handgun Alhaggagi had allegedly shown the FBI undercover agent. They recovered additional video, allegedly taken by Alhaggagi in late June of 2016, weeks before he was identified by the FBI. The government says Alhaggagi can be heard speaking Arabic over video of a burning car, and he said that he caused the fire in the name of the Islamic State.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Plots Continued After Arrest?\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though further details about the allegation were filed under seal, the prosecution argues that two jailhouse informants say Alhaggagi continued to plot attacks on U.S. facilities after he was arrested.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The defense disputes the veracity of the jailhouse informants’ claims and argues the court should not consider their statements.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For their part, Alhaggagi’s friends and family submitted about a dozen letters pleading for leniency to the court. They describe the defendant as an immature joker who loved attention and seemed unable to notice when a prank went too far.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Amer Alhaggagi is not a terrorist,” his defense attorney wrote. “He is neither radicalized nor dangerous. Rather, as prominent radicalization expert Dr. Marc Sageman has found, the entire catalogue of his online output constituted the made-up imaginings of an immature prankster who felt trapped in a strict and traditional home. He believed none of what he said, was surprised when anyone took him seriously and, in fact, is something of a coward.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prosecution argues that interpretation falls for one of Alhaggagi’s many frauds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If not for the quick-thinking actions of the FBI and its undercover agent, it is no exaggeration whatsoever to say that this sentencing likely would have been about counting the bodies of victims, instead of counting the number of fake Twitter accounts and false IDs,” the prosecution wrote. “There is no doubt as far as the government is concerned that Alhaggagi was prepared to go ‘live.’ Why else did he do research on the dangers of strychnine? Why else was he looking online for fake passports? Why else did he obtain a bomb manual from [the Islamic State]. Why else was the bomb manual not enough? … This was no joke.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
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"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
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},
"radiolab": {
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"title": "Radiolab",
"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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},
"reveal": {
"id": "reveal",
"title": "Reveal",
"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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"officialWebsiteLink": "https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
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