Dónde encontrar ayuda gratuita para presentar sus impuestos de 2026 y cómo prepararse para su cita
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"slug": "ayuda-para-presentar-impuestos-san-jose-oakland-san-jose-california",
"title": "Dónde encontrar ayuda gratuita para presentar sus impuestos de 2026 y cómo prepararse para su cita",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11909786/how-to-find-free-tax-help-near-you-and-prepare-everything-you-need-for-your-appointment\">\u003cem>Read in English\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Este año, el plazo para presentar la declaración de impuestos es el miércoles 15 de abril. Y si necesita asesoramiento (o no le queda mucho tiempo antes de que se cumpla el plazo), una buena opción podría ser acudir a un centro de ayuda fiscal gratuito para presentar su declaración. Vaya directamente \u003ca href=\"#ayuda\">\u003cstrong>a donde encontrar ayuda gratuita para su declaración de impuestos.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED se puso en contacto con varias organizaciones sin fines de lucro en el Área de la Bahía que ofrecen esta ayuda para preguntarles qué información les gustaría que sus clientes conocieran antes de utilizar sus servicios, y qué cambios a nivel federal podrían afectar su reembolso este año.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ir directamente a:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#presentar\">\u003cstrong>Qué hay que tener preparado antes de presentar la declaración\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#asesor\">\u003cstrong>Qué hay que tener en cuenta al hablar con un preparador de impuestos\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tiempo\">\u003cstrong>¿Se le acaba el tiempo y está pensando en no presentar la declaración este año?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"ayuda\">\u003c/a>Dónde encontrar ayuda fiscal gratuita cerca de usted\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>En toda el área de la bahía, docenas de organizaciones sin ánimo de lucro y centros de asistencia fiscal voluntaria (VITA) te ofrecen servicios gratuitos de presentación de declaraciones de impuestos, tanto en persona como de forma virtual, a menudo hasta el 15 de abril.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muchos de estos sitios ofrecen asistencia en español, cantonés, tagalo, vietnamita y otros idiomas. Algunos también ofrecen citas sin cita previa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Encuentre ayuda fiscal gratuita cerca de usted en línea:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Visite \u003ca href=\"http://myfreetaxes.org\">myfreetaxes.org/es/\u003c/a> para programar una cita en persona o virtual (o para presentar su declaración por su cuenta de forma gratuita).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Utilice \u003ca href=\"https://uwba.org/what-we-do/free-tax-help/es/\">el mapa de United Way Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Encuentre ayuda fiscal gratuita cerca de usted por teléfono:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Llame al 211\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Envíe un mensaje de texto con la palabra “taxes” al 211-211 (una línea de ayuda por mensaje de texto de United Ways of California y 211) para encontrar un sitio de presentación de impuestos gratuito cerca de usted.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"presentar\">\u003c/a>Qué debe tener listo antes de presentar la declaración\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Las dos últimas semanas antes del día de la declaración de impuestos suelen ser el período más ajetreado para las organizaciones que ofrecen asesoría fiscal gratuita, y muchas atienden a cientos de personas cada semana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por este motivo, los grupos de ayuda fiscal con los que habló KQED hicieron hincapié en lo importante que es que los contribuyentes tengan todo listo con antelación, para que el proceso sea lo más fácil y rápido posible. Por lo tanto, unos días antes de su cita para presentar la declaración, empiece a reunir todos sus documentos en un “kit de presentación”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asegúrese de que su kit incluya lo siguiente:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Su identificación con foto\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Su tarjeta del Seguro Social o una carta de la Administración del Seguro Social que verifique su número de Seguro Social 3. Los números de Seguro Social y/o los números ITIN de todas las personas que incluirá en su declaración de impuestos este año.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si no tiene un número de la Seguridad Social, traiga su número de identificación fiscal individual (ITIN) proporcionado por el IRS. Un ITIN es un número creado por el IRS para los contribuyentes que no tienen un número de la Seguridad Social debido a su situación migratoria.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A partir del 5 de febrero, un juez federal ha\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073445/tax-day-filing-2026-ice-irs-trump-itin-number-no-social-security-number\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bloqueado temporalmente\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que el IRS comparta con el Departamento de Seguridad Nacional la información personal de los contribuyentes que presentan su declaración con un ITIN con fines de control de la inmigración. Los tribunales aún no han tomado una decisión definitiva sobre si las agencias federales pueden compartir datos fiscales entre sí, pero mientras tanto, el IRS no puede compartir información personal, como la dirección de un contribuyente, con agencias como el ICE.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/how-do-i-apply-for-an-itin\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obtenga más información sobre cómo solicitar un ITIN.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Los números de la Seguridad Social y/o los números ITIN de todas las personas que va a incluir en su declaración de la renta de este año\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>4. Formularios de declaración de ingresos de su empleador, como W-2, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC o 1099-K.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A partir de este año, debe recibir por correo un formulario 1099-K si utiliza sistemas de pago en línea como Venmo, Cash App o PayPal, y ha recibido más de 20 mil dólares en más de 200 transacciones. Es posible que reciba un formulario 1099-K aunque haya ganado menos de esta cantidad. El IRS ha declarado este año que “debe declarar todos los ingresos en su declaración de impuestos”, independientemente de la cantidad de los pagos declarados.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si no ha recibido un formulario 1099-K, pero ha ganado más de 20 000 dólares a través de plataformas en línea, comuníquelo a su declarante para evitar el riesgo de una posible auditoría del IRS.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si solicitó prestaciones por desempleo en 2025, el EDD también debería haberle enviado un formulario 1099-G.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Comprobante de seguro médico\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Será un formulario 1095-B o 1095-A si tiene seguro médicoa través de Covered California.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Si no ha recibido el formulario 1095-B o 1095-A por correo y estaba inscrito en un plan de salud en 2025, póngase en contacto con su proveedor de atención médica o acceda a su cuenta de salud en línea para tenerlo listo antes de presentar sus impuestos.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076546\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/wallet-with-money.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/wallet-with-money.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/wallet-with-money-160x100.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aunque le preocupe presentar su declaración de impuestos a última hora, no lo posponga. \u003ccite>(Karolina Grabowska/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"asesor\">\u003c/a>Aspectos a tener en cuenta al hablar con un preparador de impuestos\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Una vez que haya reunido toda la documentación necesaria, asegúrese de compartir toda esta informacion con el preparador de impuestos. E incluso si ha extraviado algún formulario, informe a esta persona de lo que recibió en 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Algunos contribuyentes piensan que cumplen con los requisitos para obtener muchos créditos fiscal, pero la realidad es más complicada. Por ejemplo, es posible pensar que todo el mundo tiene derecho a recibir el crédito fiscal federal por ingresos del trabajo, independientemente de sus ingresos.[aside label='Más en español' tag='kqed-en-espanol']Sin embargo, esta reembolso depende de los ingresos que reciba y del número de personas que incluya en su declaración de impuestos. Por ejemplo, si presenta una declaración conjunta con su cónyuge y solo tiene un hijo, sus ingresos de 2025 deben haber sido inferiores a 57 mil 554 dólares. Si presenta la declaración por su cuenta y no tiene personas a su cargo, sus ingresos del año pasado deben haber sido inferiores a 19 mil 104 dólares para tener derecho a este crédito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/individuals/earned-income-tax-credit/earned-income-and-earned-income-tax-credit-eitc-tables#eitctables\">El IRS tiene una lista completa de los límites de ingresos\u003c/a> que deben cumplir las familias para tener derecho al Crédito por Ingreso del Trabajo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California tiene su propia versión estatal de este reembolso, llamada \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/credits/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html\">Crédito por Ingreso del Trabajo de California\u003c/a>. Sin embargo, solo pueden optar a esta ayuda las familias cuyos ingresos no hayan superado los 32 mil 900 dólares en 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Si no tiene prueba de cobertura médica (como un formulario 1095-B o 1095-A) porque no tiene seguro médico, debe dejarlo muy claro a su preparador de impuestos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Es muy probable que el estado de California le imponga una multa por no tener seguro. Puede utilizar la herramienta de cálculo de multas \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/filing-situations/healthcare/estimator/\">en el sitio web de la Junta Tributaria del Estado\u003c/a> para calcular cuánto podría ascender esta multa en su caso.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tiempo\">\u003c/a>¿Se le acaba el tiempo y está pensando en no presentar la declaración este año?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Reunir todos los documentos y encontrar un lugar que le ayude a presentar la declaración puede resultar abrumador en ocasiones. Y aunque ponerse al día con el Tío Sam puede resultar estresante, hay consecuencias si no presenta la declaración, según Minnie Sage, directora del programa \u003ca href=\"https://tax-aid.org/\">Tax-Aid\u003c/a>, con sede en San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nunca es buena idea no pagar los impuestos. A la larga, le va a salir caro”, afirma, y añade que el IRS ha fijado \u003ca href=\"http://irs.gov/payments/quarterly-interest-rates\">el tipo de interés\u003c/a> para los impuestos impagados por particulares en un 7 %, y que también hay \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/payments/failure-to-pay-penalty\">sanciones mensuales adicionales\u003c/a> por no presentar la declaración y no pagar los impuestos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Independientemente de cuánto deba, eso se va a acumular”, explica Sage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dependiendo de su situación financiera, es posible que tenga derecho a recibir una devolución o determinados créditos de años anteriores, pero solo dispone de \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/filing-past-due-tax-returns\">hasta tres años\u003c/a> a partir de ese año fiscal para reclamar este dinero. Una vez transcurrido ese plazo, estos fondos pasan a ser propiedad del gobierno federal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>¿Y qué pasa si no puede pagar todo lo que debe por adelantado cuando presenta la declaración? Pregunte a la persona que le ayude a presentar la declaración cómo establecer un plan de pago. Puede hacerlo en el momento de presentar la declaración o más tarde en el sitio web del IRS.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mary Franklin Harvin, previamente de KQED, colaboró en este artículo, el cual fue traducido por la periodista \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mpena/\">María Peña\u003c/a> y editado por \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Falta poco para el 15 de abril, el último día para presentrar sus Impuestos y si ya se le está acabando el tiempo, sepa dónde puede recibir ayuda gratuita para cumplir con este trámite en el Área de la Bahía.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11909786/how-to-find-free-tax-help-near-you-and-prepare-everything-you-need-for-your-appointment\">\u003cem>Read in English\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Este año, el plazo para presentar la declaración de impuestos es el miércoles 15 de abril. Y si necesita asesoramiento (o no le queda mucho tiempo antes de que se cumpla el plazo), una buena opción podría ser acudir a un centro de ayuda fiscal gratuito para presentar su declaración. Vaya directamente \u003ca href=\"#ayuda\">\u003cstrong>a donde encontrar ayuda gratuita para su declaración de impuestos.\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>KQED se puso en contacto con varias organizaciones sin fines de lucro en el Área de la Bahía que ofrecen esta ayuda para preguntarles qué información les gustaría que sus clientes conocieran antes de utilizar sus servicios, y qué cambios a nivel federal podrían afectar su reembolso este año.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Ir directamente a:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#presentar\">\u003cstrong>Qué hay que tener preparado antes de presentar la declaración\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#asesor\">\u003cstrong>Qué hay que tener en cuenta al hablar con un preparador de impuestos\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>\u003ca href=\"#tiempo\">\u003cstrong>¿Se le acaba el tiempo y está pensando en no presentar la declaración este año?\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"ayuda\">\u003c/a>Dónde encontrar ayuda fiscal gratuita cerca de usted\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>En toda el área de la bahía, docenas de organizaciones sin ánimo de lucro y centros de asistencia fiscal voluntaria (VITA) te ofrecen servicios gratuitos de presentación de declaraciones de impuestos, tanto en persona como de forma virtual, a menudo hasta el 15 de abril.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Muchos de estos sitios ofrecen asistencia en español, cantonés, tagalo, vietnamita y otros idiomas. Algunos también ofrecen citas sin cita previa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Encuentre ayuda fiscal gratuita cerca de usted en línea:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Visite \u003ca href=\"http://myfreetaxes.org\">myfreetaxes.org/es/\u003c/a> para programar una cita en persona o virtual (o para presentar su declaración por su cuenta de forma gratuita).\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Utilice \u003ca href=\"https://uwba.org/what-we-do/free-tax-help/es/\">el mapa de United Way Bay Area\u003c/a>.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Encuentre ayuda fiscal gratuita cerca de usted por teléfono:\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Llame al 211\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Envíe un mensaje de texto con la palabra “taxes” al 211-211 (una línea de ayuda por mensaje de texto de United Ways of California y 211) para encontrar un sitio de presentación de impuestos gratuito cerca de usted.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"presentar\">\u003c/a>Qué debe tener listo antes de presentar la declaración\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Las dos últimas semanas antes del día de la declaración de impuestos suelen ser el período más ajetreado para las organizaciones que ofrecen asesoría fiscal gratuita, y muchas atienden a cientos de personas cada semana.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Por este motivo, los grupos de ayuda fiscal con los que habló KQED hicieron hincapié en lo importante que es que los contribuyentes tengan todo listo con antelación, para que el proceso sea lo más fácil y rápido posible. Por lo tanto, unos días antes de su cita para presentar la declaración, empiece a reunir todos sus documentos en un “kit de presentación”.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Asegúrese de que su kit incluya lo siguiente:\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>1. Su identificación con foto\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>2. Su tarjeta del Seguro Social o una carta de la Administración del Seguro Social que verifique su número de Seguro Social 3. Los números de Seguro Social y/o los números ITIN de todas las personas que incluirá en su declaración de impuestos este año.\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si no tiene un número de la Seguridad Social, traiga su número de identificación fiscal individual (ITIN) proporcionado por el IRS. Un ITIN es un número creado por el IRS para los contribuyentes que no tienen un número de la Seguridad Social debido a su situación migratoria.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A partir del 5 de febrero, un juez federal ha\u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073445/tax-day-filing-2026-ice-irs-trump-itin-number-no-social-security-number\"> \u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">bloqueado temporalmente\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> que el IRS comparta con el Departamento de Seguridad Nacional la información personal de los contribuyentes que presentan su declaración con un ITIN con fines de control de la inmigración. Los tribunales aún no han tomado una decisión definitiva sobre si las agencias federales pueden compartir datos fiscales entre sí, pero mientras tanto, el IRS no puede compartir información personal, como la dirección de un contribuyente, con agencias como el ICE.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/individuals/how-do-i-apply-for-an-itin\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Obtenga más información sobre cómo solicitar un ITIN.\u003c/span>\u003c/a>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>3. Los números de la Seguridad Social y/o los números ITIN de todas las personas que va a incluir en su declaración de la renta de este año\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>4. Formularios de declaración de ingresos de su empleador, como W-2, 1099-MISC, 1099-NEC o 1099-K.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A partir de este año, debe recibir por correo un formulario 1099-K si utiliza sistemas de pago en línea como Venmo, Cash App o PayPal, y ha recibido más de 20 mil dólares en más de 200 transacciones. Es posible que reciba un formulario 1099-K aunque haya ganado menos de esta cantidad. El IRS ha declarado este año que “debe declarar todos los ingresos en su declaración de impuestos”, independientemente de la cantidad de los pagos declarados.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si no ha recibido un formulario 1099-K, pero ha ganado más de 20 000 dólares a través de plataformas en línea, comuníquelo a su declarante para evitar el riesgo de una posible auditoría del IRS.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003cli style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Si solicitó prestaciones por desempleo en 2025, el EDD también debería haberle enviado un formulario 1099-G.\u003c/span>\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>5. Comprobante de seguro médico\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cul>\n\u003cli>Será un formulario 1095-B o 1095-A si tiene seguro médicoa través de Covered California.\u003c/li>\n\u003cli>Si no ha recibido el formulario 1095-B o 1095-A por correo y estaba inscrito en un plan de salud en 2025, póngase en contacto con su proveedor de atención médica o acceda a su cuenta de salud en línea para tenerlo listo antes de presentar sus impuestos.\u003c/li>\n\u003c/ul>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076546\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1536px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076546\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/wallet-with-money.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"960\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/wallet-with-money.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/wallet-with-money-160x100.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Aunque le preocupe presentar su declaración de impuestos a última hora, no lo posponga. \u003ccite>(Karolina Grabowska/Pexels)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"asesor\">\u003c/a>Aspectos a tener en cuenta al hablar con un preparador de impuestos\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Una vez que haya reunido toda la documentación necesaria, asegúrese de compartir toda esta informacion con el preparador de impuestos. E incluso si ha extraviado algún formulario, informe a esta persona de lo que recibió en 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Algunos contribuyentes piensan que cumplen con los requisitos para obtener muchos créditos fiscal, pero la realidad es más complicada. Por ejemplo, es posible pensar que todo el mundo tiene derecho a recibir el crédito fiscal federal por ingresos del trabajo, independientemente de sus ingresos.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Sin embargo, esta reembolso depende de los ingresos que reciba y del número de personas que incluya en su declaración de impuestos. Por ejemplo, si presenta una declaración conjunta con su cónyuge y solo tiene un hijo, sus ingresos de 2025 deben haber sido inferiores a 57 mil 554 dólares. Si presenta la declaración por su cuenta y no tiene personas a su cargo, sus ingresos del año pasado deben haber sido inferiores a 19 mil 104 dólares para tener derecho a este crédito.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/credits-deductions/individuals/earned-income-tax-credit/earned-income-and-earned-income-tax-credit-eitc-tables#eitctables\">El IRS tiene una lista completa de los límites de ingresos\u003c/a> que deben cumplir las familias para tener derecho al Crédito por Ingreso del Trabajo.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California tiene su propia versión estatal de este reembolso, llamada \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/credits/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html\">Crédito por Ingreso del Trabajo de California\u003c/a>. Sin embargo, solo pueden optar a esta ayuda las familias cuyos ingresos no hayan superado los 32 mil 900 dólares en 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Si no tiene prueba de cobertura médica (como un formulario 1095-B o 1095-A) porque no tiene seguro médico, debe dejarlo muy claro a su preparador de impuestos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Es muy probable que el estado de California le imponga una multa por no tener seguro. Puede utilizar la herramienta de cálculo de multas \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/filing-situations/healthcare/estimator/\">en el sitio web de la Junta Tributaria del Estado\u003c/a> para calcular cuánto podría ascender esta multa en su caso.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003ca id=\"tiempo\">\u003c/a>¿Se le acaba el tiempo y está pensando en no presentar la declaración este año?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Reunir todos los documentos y encontrar un lugar que le ayude a presentar la declaración puede resultar abrumador en ocasiones. Y aunque ponerse al día con el Tío Sam puede resultar estresante, hay consecuencias si no presenta la declaración, según Minnie Sage, directora del programa \u003ca href=\"https://tax-aid.org/\">Tax-Aid\u003c/a>, con sede en San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Nunca es buena idea no pagar los impuestos. A la larga, le va a salir caro”, afirma, y añade que el IRS ha fijado \u003ca href=\"http://irs.gov/payments/quarterly-interest-rates\">el tipo de interés\u003c/a> para los impuestos impagados por particulares en un 7 %, y que también hay \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/payments/failure-to-pay-penalty\">sanciones mensuales adicionales\u003c/a> por no presentar la declaración y no pagar los impuestos.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Independientemente de cuánto deba, eso se va a acumular”, explica Sage.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dependiendo de su situación financiera, es posible que tenga derecho a recibir una devolución o determinados créditos de años anteriores, pero solo dispone de \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/businesses/small-businesses-self-employed/filing-past-due-tax-returns\">hasta tres años\u003c/a> a partir de ese año fiscal para reclamar este dinero. Una vez transcurrido ese plazo, estos fondos pasan a ser propiedad del gobierno federal.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>¿Y qué pasa si no puede pagar todo lo que debe por adelantado cuando presenta la declaración? Pregunte a la persona que le ayude a presentar la declaración cómo establecer un plan de pago. Puede hacerlo en el momento de presentar la declaración o más tarde en el sitio web del IRS.\u003c/p>\n\u003chr>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Mary Franklin Harvin, previamente de KQED, colaboró en este artículo, el cual fue traducido por la periodista \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/mpena/\">María Peña\u003c/a> y editado por \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/ccabreralomeli\">Carlos Cabrera-Lomelí\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "california-passed-a-law-to-curb-spikes-in-gas-prices-why-isnt-it-using-those-powers-now",
"title": "California Passed a Law to Curb Spikes in Gas Prices. Why Isn’t It Using Those Powers Now?",
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"headTitle": "California Passed a Law to Curb Spikes in Gas Prices. Why Isn’t It Using Those Powers Now? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years ago, California built a first-in-the-nation system aimed at protecting drivers when oil \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/economy\">markets turn calamitous\u003c/a>. The Legislature passed it. Gov. Gavin Newsom signed it. He proclaimed “California took on Big Oil and won.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its author, then-Sen. Nancy Skinner called it a “landmark law” that “will allow us to hold oil companies accountable if they pad their profits at the expense of hard-working families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the law — which gave regulators the power to cap refinery profits and penalize oil companies for price gouging — has never been used. Instead, last year, the California Energy Commission voted to delay the rules for five years. Skinner – who wrote the law as a Senator – was absent when her own commission voted to delay it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with gas \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/mar/09/california-gas-prices-iran-war\">topping $5.30 a gallon\u003c/a> statewide, that decision is under a new spotlight. The Iran war has sent global oil prices soaring — but the war is only part of the story. California has a structural problem: fewer refineries, a captive market and no easy outside supply options. When prices rise nationally, they can rise even more here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944934\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944934\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/AP23086788063121-scaled-e1770414780894.jpg\" alt=\"A sign at a gas station shows very high gas prices, approaching $6 a gallon. The Bay Bridge can be scene in the background.\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1319\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Bridge rises behind the price board of a gas station in San Francisco on July 20, 2022. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Proponents say this is precisely the moment the 2023 law was designed for. The commissioners last year left the door open to rescind the delay — and move forward with the rule before the five years — if they change their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are the moments we need them, because when the price of a commodity goes through the roof — be it crude oil or refined gasoline — that’s when companies make outrageous profits,” said Jamie Court, president of Consumer Watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those who backed the delay argue it was a necessary concession — that penalizing refiners risked driving them out of the state entirely. It’s a tension that cuts to the heart of California’s energy predicament: how to protect consumers today from an industry the state can’t yet afford to lose, while still making good on its promise to leave that industry behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>California’s unused gas-price tools\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When the California Energy Commission met last August Newsom was already retreating from his confrontation with the oil industry. The question before commissioners was whether to move ahead with aggressive rules targeting refinery profits — or step back, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/08/oil-compromise-california-legislature/\">as the governor was doing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076525\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076525\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Gavin Newsom speaks during a press conference at the Friendship House Association of American Indians in San Francisco on Jan. 16, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was a sharp reversal. Newsom had declared \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/08/california-gas-prices-newsom-special-session/\">special legislative sessions\u003c/a> in 2022 and 2024, pushing through sweeping new powers to curb gasoline price spikes — including requirements that refiners store more fuel and replace lost supply during maintenance, and the profit-cap rules now sitting dormant. A new energy commission oversight division created by the law found an unexplained gasoline premium of about 41 cents per gallon between 2015 and 2024, costing drivers \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2025-10/CEC-900-2025-001.pdf\">an estimated $59 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those are critically important laws,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the Climate Law Institute at the Center for Biological Diversity. “What that information shows is that Californians are at the mercy of a very few refiners with immense power.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s oil industry strongly opposed the measures, and some economists remain skeptical of them. UC Berkeley energy economist Severin Borenstein warned that capping refinery profits during shortages could backfire.[aside postID=news_12076523 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-2264208891-2000x1465.jpg']“The last thing we need is to start trying to regulate refinery margins,” he said. “As much as people don’t like high gasoline prices, they really, really hate gas lines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By last August, refinery closures were looming and warnings of $8-a-gallon gasoline circulated in Sacramento. Newsom and Democratic leaders were negotiating with the oil industry to boost production in Kern County — talks that produced a law that has since driven an uptick in drilling permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Valero said it would close its Benicia refinery, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Newsom-Gupta-Letter-4.21.pdf\">Newsom directed Siva Gunda\u003c/a>, vice chair of the California Energy Commission, to “redouble the state’s efforts to work closely with refiners on short- and long-term planning” and ensure a “reliable supply of transportation fuels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunda responded with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2025-07/CEC%27s_Respone_to_Governor_Newsom%27s_Letter_June-27-2025_ada.pdf\">series of recommendations\u003c/a> that aligned largely with industry’s desires — among them a pause in the state’s profit-cap rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Against that backdrop, energy commissioners \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/filebrowser/download/7958?fid=7958\">voted on Aug. 29\u003c/a> to delay the rules for five years. Ahead of the vote, Gunda said the delay would help boost “investor confidence” in the state’s oil refiners, “thereby ensuring a reliable in-state refining capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037671\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Valero refinery in Benicia on Sept. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oil industry representatives say the decision made sense – the profit-cap measures, they argued, miss the real problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real problem is California is an energy island — we’re losing 17% of our refining capacity,” said Zachary Leary, a lobbyist for the Western States Petroleum Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Court, of Consumer Watchdog, said the governor “panicked,” leaving the state without the “hammer” it now needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have this type of level of gas run up, you’re going to need those tools,” Court said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The difficult middle of the energy transition\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has committed to phasing out fossil fuels by 2045 — but it still depends heavily on gasoline, and it is losing the refineries that produce it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips 66 last year shut its Los Angeles refinery, citing concerns about the sustainability of the California market. Valero is closing its Benicia refinery next month, pointing to a challenging regulatory environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960711\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"The silhouettes of several smokestacks emit fumes into the air.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Phillips 66 Los Angeles Refinery Wilmington Plant stands beyond a residential street on November 28, 2022 in Wilmington. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you start losing refineries — as we are going to — and you don’t have an alternative source of supply, we’re going to start getting price spikes when there’s any sort of disruption at one of our refineries,” Borenstein said. “Or just during high demand periods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge of reducing fossil fuel use while maintaining adequate supply has created what Gunda — Newsom’s point person in negotiations with the oil industry — calls the “mid-transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to be a smooth transition,” Gunda said last month in testimony to a state Senate committee. “Every time you lose a refinery, it’s going to be a double-digit percent of refined fuel lost in California. So that abrupt transition will mean an abrupt increase in imports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A global oil shock hits California\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The recent jump in gasoline prices reflects a global oil shock tied to the war with Iran — not a policy change unique to California, experts said. But the surge highlights how exposed the state remains to global energy markets as it loses refining capacity and \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65704\">imports more crude\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/news-research/latest-news/crude-oil/112525-californias-gasoline-demand-met-with-increased-global-supply-as-refineries-close\">gasoline\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the conflict began, the international benchmark for crude oil has climbed more than $25 a barrel — a shift that typically translates to about 60 cents per gallon at the pump, in line with the increase in California retail prices, argues Borenstein, of UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075007\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075007\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of demonstrators march along Market Street during a “Hands Off Iran” rally on Feb. 28, 2026, in San Francisco. Protesters took over the roadway while calling for an arms embargo and an end to U.S. participation in the strikes. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All of the change we’ve seen in the last couple of weeks is in line with the change in crude oil prices, and therefore is not California specific,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has made a similar argument, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/03/10/governor-newsom-blasts-trump-for-raising-gasoline-prices-on-americans-with-no-plan-and-no-accountability/\">blaming the spike\u003c/a> on global oil markets and the war with Iran rather than California policies. But analysts note that the state’s shrinking refinery base means global shocks land harder here than elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key concern is the Strait of Hormuz. Before the conflict, the narrow waterway carried \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65504#:~:text=The%20Strait%20of%20Hormuz%2C%20located,of%20global%20petroleum%20liquids%20consumption.\">more than 20 million barrels of oil a day\u003c/a> — roughly one-fifth of global supply. Traffic is now at a standstill, and crude prices topped $100 a barrel again — even after more than 30 countries \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/news/iea-member-countries-to-carry-out-largest-ever-oil-stock-release-amid-market-disruptions-from-middle-east-conflict\">announced\u003c/a> releases from emergency reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Cummings, chief of staff at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policymaking, said a prolonged closure could push crude prices above $130 or $140 per barrel — driving California prices closer to $7, with a worst-case scenario approaching $10 at some stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076648\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The port city of Gwadar balochistan on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, just outside the Strait of Hormuz near key shipping routes in and out of the Persian Gulf. \u003ccite>(SM Rafiq Photography via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most analysts consider that outcome unlikely but no longer unthinkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, this doesn’t appear likely, but it is a worst-case scenario that is growing by the day,” Cummings said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Competing ideas for what comes next\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Siegel, of the Center for Biological Diversity, said California should move forward immediately to implement the profit-cap rules and require companies to hold larger fuel inventories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our leaders shouldn’t rest until the rules are in place to prevent price gouging on top of volatility, and should not rest until people get their money back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economists say California’s biggest challenge may be infrastructure. Valero plans to close its Benicia refinery, which produces about 10% of the state’s gasoline, next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051503\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051503\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Angulo looks at the Chevron Refinery from the Wildcat Marsh Staging Area in Richmond on Aug. 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://nealemahoney.substack.com/p/an-analysis-of-the-valero-benicia\">analysis posted last year\u003c/a>, Stanford economist Neale Mahoney and Cummings said California could offset lost refinery production with gasoline imports – if permitting allows refineries like Benicia to convert to fuel import terminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said in January his administration is \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/01/06/governor-newsoms-statement-on-valeros-benicia-refinery-update/\">working with the company\u003c/a> to continue importing gasoline into Northern California after its refinery operations close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I was in the Legislature right now, all of my energies and effort would be built on, one, making sure that Benicia gets turned into an import terminal — and two, making sure whoever owns or operates that is not an incumbent,” Cummings said.[aside postID=news_12075522 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP.jpg']Court, of Consumer Watchdog, pointed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.phillips66.com/newsroom/western-gateway-pipeline/\">a proposed Phillips 66 pipeline\u003c/a> that could bring refined gasoline from Midwest refineries into the state – something California has never had, relying instead on in-state refining and marine imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubbed the Western Gateway Pipeline, the project would build a new pipeline and reverse an existing one to move gasoline and diesel from central U.S. refineries to Arizona and California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One state lawmaker has \u003ca href=\"https://ransom.asmdc.org/press-releases/20260219-assemblymember-rhodesia-ransom-introduces-bill-gives-access-cheaper\">proposed expanding access to E85\u003c/a>, a cheaper ethanol blend. Both ideas remain proposals without clear timelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/27873034-mpc-proposed-cap-and-invest-amendments-concerns-30926/\">some oil companies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/27813814-asm-member-letter-carb-ci-regs-concerns-march-9/\">even some Democrats\u003c/a> are warning California’s climate policies could raise production costs enough that refineries reconsider operating in California — adding another pressure point to an already strained supply picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The profit-cap rules that could penalize oil companies remain on hold until 2029. By then, California may have lost more refineries — and may still be grappling with the problem Newsom once promised to solve: gasoline price shocks in the country’s most unaffordable market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2026/03/california-iran-oil-profit-spike/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Three years ago, California built a first-in-the-nation system aimed at protecting drivers when oil \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/economy\">markets turn calamitous\u003c/a>. The Legislature passed it. Gov. Gavin Newsom signed it. He proclaimed “California took on Big Oil and won.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Its author, then-Sen. Nancy Skinner called it a “landmark law” that “will allow us to hold oil companies accountable if they pad their profits at the expense of hard-working families.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But the law — which gave regulators the power to cap refinery profits and penalize oil companies for price gouging — has never been used. Instead, last year, the California Energy Commission voted to delay the rules for five years. Skinner – who wrote the law as a Senator – was absent when her own commission voted to delay it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, with gas \u003ca href=\"https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2026/mar/09/california-gas-prices-iran-war\">topping $5.30 a gallon\u003c/a> statewide, that decision is under a new spotlight. The Iran war has sent global oil prices soaring — but the war is only part of the story. California has a structural problem: fewer refineries, a captive market and no easy outside supply options. When prices rise nationally, they can rise even more here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11944934\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11944934\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/03/AP23086788063121-scaled-e1770414780894.jpg\" alt=\"A sign at a gas station shows very high gas prices, approaching $6 a gallon. The Bay Bridge can be scene in the background.\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1319\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Bay Bridge rises behind the price board of a gas station in San Francisco on July 20, 2022. \u003ccite>(Jeff Chiu/AP)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Proponents say this is precisely the moment the 2023 law was designed for. The commissioners last year left the door open to rescind the delay — and move forward with the rule before the five years — if they change their minds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These are the moments we need them, because when the price of a commodity goes through the roof — be it crude oil or refined gasoline — that’s when companies make outrageous profits,” said Jamie Court, president of Consumer Watchdog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But those who backed the delay argue it was a necessary concession — that penalizing refiners risked driving them out of the state entirely. It’s a tension that cuts to the heart of California’s energy predicament: how to protect consumers today from an industry the state can’t yet afford to lose, while still making good on its promise to leave that industry behind.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>California’s unused gas-price tools\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>When the California Energy Commission met last August Newsom was already retreating from his confrontation with the oil industry. The question before commissioners was whether to move ahead with aggressive rules targeting refinery profits — or step back, \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/08/oil-compromise-california-legislature/\">as the governor was doing\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076525\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076525\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/260116-NewsomLuriePresser-33-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Gov. Gavin Newsom speaks during a press conference at the Friendship House Association of American Indians in San Francisco on Jan. 16, 2026.\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It was a sharp reversal. Newsom had declared \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2024/08/california-gas-prices-newsom-special-session/\">special legislative sessions\u003c/a> in 2022 and 2024, pushing through sweeping new powers to curb gasoline price spikes — including requirements that refiners store more fuel and replace lost supply during maintenance, and the profit-cap rules now sitting dormant. A new energy commission oversight division created by the law found an unexplained gasoline premium of about 41 cents per gallon between 2015 and 2024, costing drivers \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2025-10/CEC-900-2025-001.pdf\">an estimated $59 billion\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Those are critically important laws,” said Kassie Siegel, director of the Climate Law Institute at the Center for Biological Diversity. “What that information shows is that Californians are at the mercy of a very few refiners with immense power.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s oil industry strongly opposed the measures, and some economists remain skeptical of them. UC Berkeley energy economist Severin Borenstein warned that capping refinery profits during shortages could backfire.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“The last thing we need is to start trying to regulate refinery margins,” he said. “As much as people don’t like high gasoline prices, they really, really hate gas lines.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By last August, refinery closures were looming and warnings of $8-a-gallon gasoline circulated in Sacramento. Newsom and Democratic leaders were negotiating with the oil industry to boost production in Kern County — talks that produced a law that has since driven an uptick in drilling permits.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Valero said it would close its Benicia refinery, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Newsom-Gupta-Letter-4.21.pdf\">Newsom directed Siva Gunda\u003c/a>, vice chair of the California Energy Commission, to “redouble the state’s efforts to work closely with refiners on short- and long-term planning” and ensure a “reliable supply of transportation fuels.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gunda responded with a \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2025-07/CEC%27s_Respone_to_Governor_Newsom%27s_Letter_June-27-2025_ada.pdf\">series of recommendations\u003c/a> that aligned largely with industry’s desires — among them a pause in the state’s profit-cap rule.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Against that backdrop, energy commissioners \u003ca href=\"https://www.energy.ca.gov/filebrowser/download/7958?fid=7958\">voted on Aug. 29\u003c/a> to delay the rules for five years. Ahead of the vote, Gunda said the delay would help boost “investor confidence” in the state’s oil refiners, “thereby ensuring a reliable in-state refining capacity.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12037671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12037671\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/230921-VALERO-BENICIA-REFINERY-MD-02_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Valero refinery in Benicia on Sept. 21, 2023. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Oil industry representatives say the decision made sense – the profit-cap measures, they argued, miss the real problem.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The real problem is California is an energy island — we’re losing 17% of our refining capacity,” said Zachary Leary, a lobbyist for the Western States Petroleum Association.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Court, of Consumer Watchdog, said the governor “panicked,” leaving the state without the “hammer” it now needs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you have this type of level of gas run up, you’re going to need those tools,” Court said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>The difficult middle of the energy transition\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>California has committed to phasing out fossil fuels by 2045 — but it still depends heavily on gasoline, and it is losing the refineries that produce it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Phillips 66 last year shut its Los Angeles refinery, citing concerns about the sustainability of the California market. Valero is closing its Benicia refinery next month, pointing to a challenging regulatory environment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11960711\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-11960711\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"The silhouettes of several smokestacks emit fumes into the air.\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2023/09/239011-OIL-AIR-QUALITY-Getty-MT-KQED-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Phillips 66 Los Angeles Refinery Wilmington Plant stands beyond a residential street on November 28, 2022 in Wilmington. \u003ccite>(Mario Tama/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“If you start losing refineries — as we are going to — and you don’t have an alternative source of supply, we’re going to start getting price spikes when there’s any sort of disruption at one of our refineries,” Borenstein said. “Or just during high demand periods.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The challenge of reducing fossil fuel use while maintaining adequate supply has created what Gunda — Newsom’s point person in negotiations with the oil industry — calls the “mid-transition.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is not going to be a smooth transition,” Gunda said last month in testimony to a state Senate committee. “Every time you lose a refinery, it’s going to be a double-digit percent of refined fuel lost in California. So that abrupt transition will mean an abrupt increase in imports.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>A global oil shock hits California\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The recent jump in gasoline prices reflects a global oil shock tied to the war with Iran — not a policy change unique to California, experts said. But the surge highlights how exposed the state remains to global energy markets as it loses refining capacity and \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65704\">imports more crude\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.spglobal.com/energy/en/news-research/latest-news/crude-oil/112525-californias-gasoline-demand-met-with-increased-global-supply-as-refineries-close\">gasoline\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the conflict began, the international benchmark for crude oil has climbed more than $25 a barrel — a shift that typically translates to about 60 cents per gallon at the pump, in line with the increase in California retail prices, argues Borenstein, of UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12075007\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12075007\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022826_IRAN-BAY-AREA-RESPONSE_GH_011-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Hundreds of demonstrators march along Market Street during a “Hands Off Iran” rally on Feb. 28, 2026, in San Francisco. Protesters took over the roadway while calling for an arms embargo and an end to U.S. participation in the strikes. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“All of the change we’ve seen in the last couple of weeks is in line with the change in crude oil prices, and therefore is not California specific,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom has made a similar argument, \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/03/10/governor-newsom-blasts-trump-for-raising-gasoline-prices-on-americans-with-no-plan-and-no-accountability/\">blaming the spike\u003c/a> on global oil markets and the war with Iran rather than California policies. But analysts note that the state’s shrinking refinery base means global shocks land harder here than elsewhere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A key concern is the Strait of Hormuz. Before the conflict, the narrow waterway carried \u003ca href=\"https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=65504#:~:text=The%20Strait%20of%20Hormuz%2C%20located,of%20global%20petroleum%20liquids%20consumption.\">more than 20 million barrels of oil a day\u003c/a> — roughly one-fifth of global supply. Traffic is now at a standstill, and crude prices topped $100 a barrel again — even after more than 30 countries \u003ca href=\"https://www.iea.org/news/iea-member-countries-to-carry-out-largest-ever-oil-stock-release-amid-market-disruptions-from-middle-east-conflict\">announced\u003c/a> releases from emergency reserves.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ryan Cummings, chief of staff at the Stanford Institute for Economic Policymaking, said a prolonged closure could push crude prices above $130 or $140 per barrel — driving California prices closer to $7, with a worst-case scenario approaching $10 at some stations.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12076648\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12076648\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/03/GettyImages-639787574-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The port city of Gwadar balochistan on the southwestern coast of Pakistan, just outside the Strait of Hormuz near key shipping routes in and out of the Persian Gulf. \u003ccite>(SM Rafiq Photography via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Most analysts consider that outcome unlikely but no longer unthinkable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now, this doesn’t appear likely, but it is a worst-case scenario that is growing by the day,” Cummings said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>\u003cstrong>Competing ideas for what comes next\u003c/strong>\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Siegel, of the Center for Biological Diversity, said California should move forward immediately to implement the profit-cap rules and require companies to hold larger fuel inventories.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our leaders shouldn’t rest until the rules are in place to prevent price gouging on top of volatility, and should not rest until people get their money back,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Economists say California’s biggest challenge may be infrastructure. Valero plans to close its Benicia refinery, which produces about 10% of the state’s gasoline, next month.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12051503\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12051503\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/08/250808-CAP-AND-TRADE-ENVIRO-JUSTICE-MD-01-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Luna Angulo looks at the Chevron Refinery from the Wildcat Marsh Staging Area in Richmond on Aug. 8, 2025. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In an \u003ca href=\"https://nealemahoney.substack.com/p/an-analysis-of-the-valero-benicia\">analysis posted last year\u003c/a>, Stanford economist Neale Mahoney and Cummings said California could offset lost refinery production with gasoline imports – if permitting allows refineries like Benicia to convert to fuel import terminals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Newsom said in January his administration is \u003ca href=\"https://www.gov.ca.gov/2026/01/06/governor-newsoms-statement-on-valeros-benicia-refinery-update/\">working with the company\u003c/a> to continue importing gasoline into Northern California after its refinery operations close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“If I was in the Legislature right now, all of my energies and effort would be built on, one, making sure that Benicia gets turned into an import terminal — and two, making sure whoever owns or operates that is not an incumbent,” Cummings said.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Court, of Consumer Watchdog, pointed to \u003ca href=\"https://www.phillips66.com/newsroom/western-gateway-pipeline/\">a proposed Phillips 66 pipeline\u003c/a> that could bring refined gasoline from Midwest refineries into the state – something California has never had, relying instead on in-state refining and marine imports.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dubbed the Western Gateway Pipeline, the project would build a new pipeline and reverse an existing one to move gasoline and diesel from central U.S. refineries to Arizona and California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One state lawmaker has \u003ca href=\"https://ransom.asmdc.org/press-releases/20260219-assemblymember-rhodesia-ransom-introduces-bill-gives-access-cheaper\">proposed expanding access to E85\u003c/a>, a cheaper ethanol blend. Both ideas remain proposals without clear timelines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Meanwhile, \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/27873034-mpc-proposed-cap-and-invest-amendments-concerns-30926/\">some oil companies\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/27813814-asm-member-letter-carb-ci-regs-concerns-march-9/\">even some Democrats\u003c/a> are warning California’s climate policies could raise production costs enough that refineries reconsider operating in California — adding another pressure point to an already strained supply picture.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The profit-cap rules that could penalize oil companies remain on hold until 2029. By then, California may have lost more refineries — and may still be grappling with the problem Newsom once promised to solve: gasoline price shocks in the country’s most unaffordable market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/environment/2026/03/california-iran-oil-profit-spike/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> and 23 other states sued President \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> on Thursday over his latest tariffs, arguing the administration is using an obscure law to bypass the Supreme Court and create new costs for families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last month, the Supreme Court struck down those tariffs as unlawful, rightfully so,” California Attorney General Rob Bonta said during a press conference announcing the lawsuit. “Today, we’re back for round two, because instead of accepting the ruling, the president doubled down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit zeroes in on Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, which allows the president to impose temporary tariffs during specific economic emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the tariff is currently set to 10%, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent confirmed this week that the rate will rise to 15% within days. The states are asking the U.S. Court of International Trade to declare the tariffs unlawful and refund money already collected, with interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Section 122 was enacted in 1974 to address a specific type of financial crisis tied to a fixed exchange rate system, during a time when currencies were tied to a set value like gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12070783\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12070783\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent speaks at the 56th World Economic Forum (WEF) Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland in Davos, Switzerland on Jan. 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Harun Ozalp/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. abandoned that system just two years later in favor of today’s floating rate system, where currency values fluctuate freely on global markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is an archaic statute that was never intended for its current purpose as used by the Trump administration,” Oregon Attorney General Dan Rayfield said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For California, the financial stakes of global trade policy are significant. The state is the fourth largest economy in the world, the nation’s largest importer and its second largest exporter. Previous International Emergency Economic Powers Act tariffs cost each American between roughly\u003ca href=\"https://budgetlab.yale.edu/research/state-us-tariffs-january-19-2026\"> $1,000 and $2,000\u003c/a> over the course of a year, Bonta said — or an estimated $40 billion to $80 billion in costs to Californians alone.[aside postID=news_12074141 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/DonaldTrumpTariffsAP.jpg']The new Section 122 tariffs, if allowed to stand, are estimated to cost the average American household an additional $200 to $600 per year, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the President of the United States, twice, to act unlawfully to raise prices after promising the American people he would lower prices, I think that tells you all you need to know,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s economy has already shown signs of strain from the administration’s trade policy. Businesses in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">San Francisco’s Chinatown\u003c/a> have struggled to stay afloat amid the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/trade-war\">trade war\u003c/a>, and officials at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037649/trumps-tariffs-are-stifling-shipping-demand-at-port-of-oakland-officials-warn\">Port of Oakland\u003c/a> warned that tariffs would stifle shipping demand at one of the West Coast’s busiest trade hubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12039333/california-farmers-hit-hard-trumps-trade-war-havent-turned-against-him-yet\">California farmers\u003c/a>, who depend heavily on export relationships with Canada and other trading partners, have also raised alarms about disruptions to long-standing trade ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also challenges Trump’s justification for invoking it. To use Section 122, a president must identify a “large and serious” balance-of-payments deficit — but the complaint argues Trump mischaracterized the term by focusing only on the nation’s goods trade deficit while ignoring a financial account surplus of roughly $1.13 trillion in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048615\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Schnitzer Steel manufacturing facility shreds scrap metal at the Port of Oakland on March 8, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When all components are properly included, the lawsuit said, the actual U.S. balance of payments position amounted to approximately negative $53 billion, or about 0.2% of GDP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A trade deficit is not a balance of payment deficit,” Bonta said. “The president either doesn’t know the difference, or he doesn’t care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also marks the 60th time California has sued the White House since Trump took office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> and 23 other states sued President \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a> on Thursday over his latest tariffs, arguing the administration is using an obscure law to bypass the Supreme Court and create new costs for families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Last month, the Supreme Court struck down those tariffs as unlawful, rightfully so,” California Attorney General Rob Bonta said during a press conference announcing the lawsuit. “Today, we’re back for round two, because instead of accepting the ruling, the president doubled down.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit zeroes in on Section 122 of the Trade Act of 1974, which allows the president to impose temporary tariffs during specific economic emergencies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though the tariff is currently set to 10%, Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent confirmed this week that the rate will rise to 15% within days. The states are asking the U.S. Court of International Trade to declare the tariffs unlawful and refund money already collected, with interest.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Section 122 was enacted in 1974 to address a specific type of financial crisis tied to a fixed exchange rate system, during a time when currencies were tied to a set value like gold.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12070783\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1980px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12070783\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1980\" height=\"1320\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653.jpg 1980w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/GettyImages-2256680653-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1980px) 100vw, 1980px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent speaks at the 56th World Economic Forum (WEF) Annual Meeting in Davos, Switzerland in Davos, Switzerland on Jan. 20, 2026. \u003ccite>(Harun Ozalp/Anadolu via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The U.S. abandoned that system just two years later in favor of today’s floating rate system, where currency values fluctuate freely on global markets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It is an archaic statute that was never intended for its current purpose as used by the Trump administration,” Oregon Attorney General Dan Rayfield said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For California, the financial stakes of global trade policy are significant. The state is the fourth largest economy in the world, the nation’s largest importer and its second largest exporter. Previous International Emergency Economic Powers Act tariffs cost each American between roughly\u003ca href=\"https://budgetlab.yale.edu/research/state-us-tariffs-january-19-2026\"> $1,000 and $2,000\u003c/a> over the course of a year, Bonta said — or an estimated $40 billion to $80 billion in costs to Californians alone.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>The new Section 122 tariffs, if allowed to stand, are estimated to cost the average American household an additional $200 to $600 per year, he added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“For the President of the United States, twice, to act unlawfully to raise prices after promising the American people he would lower prices, I think that tells you all you need to know,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s economy has already shown signs of strain from the administration’s trade policy. Businesses in \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036939/san-francisco-chinatown-businesses-survival-mode-trade-war\">San Francisco’s Chinatown\u003c/a> have struggled to stay afloat amid the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/trade-war\">trade war\u003c/a>, and officials at the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12037649/trumps-tariffs-are-stifling-shipping-demand-at-port-of-oakland-officials-warn\">Port of Oakland\u003c/a> warned that tariffs would stifle shipping demand at one of the West Coast’s busiest trade hubs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12039333/california-farmers-hit-hard-trumps-trade-war-havent-turned-against-him-yet\">California farmers\u003c/a>, who depend heavily on export relationships with Canada and other trading partners, have also raised alarms about disruptions to long-standing trade ties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also challenges Trump’s justification for invoking it. To use Section 122, a president must identify a “large and serious” balance-of-payments deficit — but the complaint argues Trump mischaracterized the term by focusing only on the nation’s goods trade deficit while ignoring a financial account surplus of roughly $1.13 trillion in 2024.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12048615\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12048615\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1331\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed-160x106.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/07/025_KQED_SchnitzerSteelPortofOakland_03082022_qed-1536x1022.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A Schnitzer Steel manufacturing facility shreds scrap metal at the Port of Oakland on March 8, 2022. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>When all components are properly included, the lawsuit said, the actual U.S. balance of payments position amounted to approximately negative $53 billion, or about 0.2% of GDP.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A trade deficit is not a balance of payment deficit,” Bonta said. “The president either doesn’t know the difference, or he doesn’t care.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The lawsuit also marks the 60th time California has sued the White House since Trump took office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "alameda-health-system-layoffs-deferred-while-county-explores-options",
"title": "Alameda Health System Layoffs Deferred While County Explores Options",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story first appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/\">The Oaklandside.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County’s public hospital system, which includes the region’s main provider of mental health services and clinics serving thousands of low-income residents, has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074462/alameda-county-officials-look-to-stave-off-mass-hospital-layoffs-as-medicaid-cuts-loom\">spared layoffs\u003c/a> — for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yesterday, the Alameda Health System and the county agreed to hold off on job cuts scheduled to take effect on March 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068383/alameda-health-system-to-lay-off-hundreds-in-january-after-massive-federal-cuts\">plan\u003c/a> would have included the closure of mental health programs at Highland Hospital and Fairmont Hospital, AHS’s ambulatory plastic surgery program, and Highland Hospital’s Complex Care Program, which provides care to patients with multiple, chronic illnesses, many of whom are homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other closures would have included Fairmont Hospital’s Kitchen Retail program, which provides meals to staff and visitors, and Highland Hospital’s Tele-sitter program, which helps AHS staff remotely monitor patients’ wellbeing while they’re hospitalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The temporary pause buys the hospital system and the county time to try and figure out alternatives to layoffs, with the goal of minimizing impacts on health care services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisors Nate Miley and Nikki Fortunato Bas will lead the effort through an ad hoc committee of the supervisors, working with AHS, labor representatives, and other stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074475\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074475\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alameda County Supervisor Nate Miley, who represents District 4, speaks during a resident physician “unity break” outside Highland Hospital in Oakland on Feb. 24, 2026. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’m greatly encouraged by the feedback we’ve received from the supervisors and the partnership we’ve experienced with the county,” said AHS CEO James Jackson at yesterday’s meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alameda County patients and their families deserve a healthcare system that’s clean, safe, and well-staffed, a place where they can get the care they need and won’t go hungry when they visit,” Maria Betancourt, a specialist clerk at John George and the current AHS Chapter President for SEIU 1021 said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been a long fight to get to this point, but this is a great step for our members and for healthcare in Alameda County. As the federal cuts approach, we will work with the Board and others to find every avenue to protect public healthcare and preserve jobs against these attacks.”[aside postID=news_12074462 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_003-KQED.jpg']Jackson said the AHS trustees, the board that directly governs the hospital system, will meet today to further discuss delaying the layoffs and the plan to find savings.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Federal health care cuts to blame\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Alameda Health System is \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2025/12/09/federal-cuts-alameda-health-systems-budget-highland-hospital-layoffs/\">facing a massive drop in revenues\u003c/a> because of H.R. 1, the “Big Beautiful Bill” passed by the Republican-controlled Congress last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That bill massively reduced funding for Medicaid, the insurance program that public hospitals like AHS heavily rely on. It imposed other cuts and requirements that amount to an unprecedented $1 trillion reduction in health care spending nationwide by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should all keep in mind that the reason we’re all here is largely, exclusively because of H.R. 1,” Supervisor David Haubert said yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anticipating a $30 million drop in revenue this year and a $100 million budget hole in 2027, AHS leaders \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2025/12/09/federal-cuts-alameda-health-systems-budget-highland-hospital-layoffs/\">confirmed\u003c/a> in December that they were looking at eliminating as many as 372 positions, including nurses, therapists, doctors, housekeeping staff, and other roles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, AHS \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/02/24/county-health-care-layoff-plan-to-face-public-scrutiny/\">published a plan\u003c/a> scaling back the layoffs to about 188 positions. Hospital staff said at the time that even this level of cuts would significantly harm their ability to care for patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Exploring options to avoid staff reductions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 25, the Alameda County Board of Supervisors \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/02/26/alameda-county-looks-for-10m-to-stave-off-health-care-layoffs-and-program-closures/\">signaled\u003c/a> they were willing to work with AHS on solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At yesterday’s meeting, the supervisors unanimously voted to identify alternative, non-patient-facing positions that could be cut to address the system’s budget shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074474\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Wilma Chan Highland Hospital Campus is seen through flowering branches in Oakland on Feb. 24, 2026. The hospital is part of Alameda Health System. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under the new plan, which wasn’t described in much detail, the county, county auditor, and AHS will examine behavioral health contract payments that could be reduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, the county and AHS have dozens of contracts with nonprofits to provide behavioral health services. They also want to scrutinize AHS’s finances and potentially make adjustments to how AHS can borrow money from the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And county leaders said they will look into alternative service models with respect to the system’s intensive outpatient program, all with an eye toward saving money and avoiding staff layoffs. The supervisors will hold another meeting on March 17 to report back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "A plan to slash 188 health care jobs at the East Bay’s safety net hospital would heavily impact mental health programs. County leaders hope to avoid this.",
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"title": "Alameda Health System Layoffs Deferred While County Explores Options | KQED",
"description": "A plan to slash 188 health care jobs at the East Bay’s safety net hospital would heavily impact mental health programs. County leaders hope to avoid this.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cem>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">This story first appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/\">The Oaklandside.\u003c/a>\u003c/span>\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Alameda County’s public hospital system, which includes the region’s main provider of mental health services and clinics serving thousands of low-income residents, has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12074462/alameda-county-officials-look-to-stave-off-mass-hospital-layoffs-as-medicaid-cuts-loom\">spared layoffs\u003c/a> — for now.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yesterday, the Alameda Health System and the county agreed to hold off on job cuts scheduled to take effect on March 9.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068383/alameda-health-system-to-lay-off-hundreds-in-january-after-massive-federal-cuts\">plan\u003c/a> would have included the closure of mental health programs at Highland Hospital and Fairmont Hospital, AHS’s ambulatory plastic surgery program, and Highland Hospital’s Complex Care Program, which provides care to patients with multiple, chronic illnesses, many of whom are homeless.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other closures would have included Fairmont Hospital’s Kitchen Retail program, which provides meals to staff and visitors, and Highland Hospital’s Tele-sitter program, which helps AHS staff remotely monitor patients’ wellbeing while they’re hospitalized.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The temporary pause buys the hospital system and the county time to try and figure out alternatives to layoffs, with the goal of minimizing impacts on health care services.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisors Nate Miley and Nikki Fortunato Bas will lead the effort through an ad hoc committee of the supervisors, working with AHS, labor representatives, and other stakeholders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074475\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074475\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_015-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Alameda County Supervisor Nate Miley, who represents District 4, speaks during a resident physician “unity break” outside Highland Hospital in Oakland on Feb. 24, 2026. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“I’m greatly encouraged by the feedback we’ve received from the supervisors and the partnership we’ve experienced with the county,” said AHS CEO James Jackson at yesterday’s meeting.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Alameda County patients and their families deserve a healthcare system that’s clean, safe, and well-staffed, a place where they can get the care they need and won’t go hungry when they visit,” Maria Betancourt, a specialist clerk at John George and the current AHS Chapter President for SEIU 1021 said in a statement.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It has been a long fight to get to this point, but this is a great step for our members and for healthcare in Alameda County. As the federal cuts approach, we will work with the Board and others to find every avenue to protect public healthcare and preserve jobs against these attacks.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Jackson said the AHS trustees, the board that directly governs the hospital system, will meet today to further discuss delaying the layoffs and the plan to find savings.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Federal health care cuts to blame\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The Alameda Health System is \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2025/12/09/federal-cuts-alameda-health-systems-budget-highland-hospital-layoffs/\">facing a massive drop in revenues\u003c/a> because of H.R. 1, the “Big Beautiful Bill” passed by the Republican-controlled Congress last year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That bill massively reduced funding for Medicaid, the insurance program that public hospitals like AHS heavily rely on. It imposed other cuts and requirements that amount to an unprecedented $1 trillion reduction in health care spending nationwide by the federal government.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We should all keep in mind that the reason we’re all here is largely, exclusively because of H.R. 1,” Supervisor David Haubert said yesterday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Anticipating a $30 million drop in revenue this year and a $100 million budget hole in 2027, AHS leaders \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2025/12/09/federal-cuts-alameda-health-systems-budget-highland-hospital-layoffs/\">confirmed\u003c/a> in December that they were looking at eliminating as many as 372 positions, including nurses, therapists, doctors, housekeeping staff, and other roles.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In January, AHS \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/02/24/county-health-care-layoff-plan-to-face-public-scrutiny/\">published a plan\u003c/a> scaling back the layoffs to about 188 positions. Hospital staff said at the time that even this level of cuts would significantly harm their ability to care for patients.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Exploring options to avoid staff reductions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>On Feb. 25, the Alameda County Board of Supervisors \u003ca href=\"https://oaklandside.org/2026/02/26/alameda-county-looks-for-10m-to-stave-off-health-care-layoffs-and-program-closures/\">signaled\u003c/a> they were willing to work with AHS on solutions.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At yesterday’s meeting, the supervisors unanimously voted to identify alternative, non-patient-facing positions that could be cut to address the system’s budget shortfall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074474\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12074474\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/022426_ALAMEDA-COUNTY-HEALTH-CUTS-_GH_010-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Wilma Chan Highland Hospital Campus is seen through flowering branches in Oakland on Feb. 24, 2026. The hospital is part of Alameda Health System. \u003ccite>(Gustavo Hernandez/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Under the new plan, which wasn’t described in much detail, the county, county auditor, and AHS will examine behavioral health contract payments that could be reduced.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, the county and AHS have dozens of contracts with nonprofits to provide behavioral health services. They also want to scrutinize AHS’s finances and potentially make adjustments to how AHS can borrow money from the county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And county leaders said they will look into alternative service models with respect to the system’s intensive outpatient program, all with an eye toward saving money and avoiding staff layoffs. The supervisors will hold another meeting on March 17 to report back.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "tax-credits-trump-2026-refund-tips-child-tax-credit-car-loan-interest-documents",
"title": "How Trump’s ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’ Could Change How You File Taxes This Year",
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"headTitle": "How Trump’s ‘One Big Beautiful Bill’ Could Change How You File Taxes This Year | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>It’s been over half a year since President Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047824/trump-got-his-tax-bill-over-the-finish-line-now-he-has-to-sell-it-to-voters\">signed into law\u003c/a> the massive spending plan known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill.” And families are still grappling with the full impact of this legislation, which has brought major changes to the nation’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047647/trumps-health-law-spurs-big-medi-cal-changes-what-californians-need-to-know\">health care sector\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/07/03/g-s1-75609/big-beautiful-bill-ice-funding-immigration\">immigration enforcement\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty-research/policy-topics/social-policy/explainer-understanding-snap-program-and-what-cuts\">food assistance benefits\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law also overhauls the federal tax system, leading the White House to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/articles/2026/01/president-trump-delivers-largest-tax-refund-season-in-u-s-history/\">claim\u003c/a> that this year will be “the biggest tax refund season ever,” with average refunds increasing by at least $1,000 from the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some taxpayers are already sharing \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/IRS/comments/1qo15nc/for_those_who_successfully_filed_expect_a_refund/\">different experiences online\u003c/a> when it comes to their refunds, noting that they are actually smaller this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OBBB has expanded some existing rebates, like the Child Tax Credit, and created new ones, like a $25,000 deduction on income made from tips. But there are limits on how much these credits can actually reduce what you owe the IRS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And other filers — specifically immigrant families that file with an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073445/tax-day-filing-2026-ice-irs-trump-itin-number-no-social-security-number\">Individual Taxpayer Identification Number\u003c/a> — are now blocked from receiving many existing credits, potentially cutting their refunds by thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand who’s able to claim some of the latest federal credits, KQED spoke to tax professionals across California about what taxpayers should know — and some of the restrictions that could impact how much you ultimately end up receiving in your refund.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No taxes on tips (to a point)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re a waiter, bartender, hairstylist or working in \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/treasury-irs-issue-guidance-listing-occupations-where-workers-customarily-and-regularly-receive-tips-under-the-one-big-beautiful-bill\">another profession\u003c/a> in which you make tips along with your regular wages, you can now deduct up to $25,000 from tips you made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What this means: When you’re calculating your total income, you can subtract up to $25,000 from the full amount of tips you received in 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, if you earned $40,000 in wages and made $30,000 in tips, you can deduct $25,000 from tips, giving you a total income of $45,000 (that is, your wages plus $5,000 in tips). If you earned $40,000 in wages and $10,000 in tips, you can deduct tips entirely — as that tip amount is smaller than $25,000 — and only list $40,000 as your total income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12074099 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1248\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty-1536x958.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Some workers keep a log of all their tips,” said Lindsay Rojas, director of free tax help at United Way Bay Area. “And if they have one, they should bring that with them.” \u003ccite>(Chris Delmas/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Don’t remember how much you made in tips last year? Your employer should have listed that amount in your W-2 form, usually in box 14, said Minnie Sage, program director of San Francisco-based Tax-Aid. “The best thing to do when you’re heading to file is to bring your W-2,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you made additional tips besides the amount reported on your W-2, let your tax preparer know, recommended Lindsay Rojas, director of free tax help at \u003ca href=\"https://uwba.org/what-we-do/free-tax-help/\">United Way Bay Area\u003c/a>. “Some workers keep a log of all their tips,” she said, “and if they have one, they should bring that with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that this deduction only applies to what the IRS \u003ca href=\"http://irs.gov/newsroom/treasury-irs-issue-guidance-listing-occupations-where-workers-customarily-and-regularly-receive-tips-under-the-one-big-beautiful-bill\">calls “qualified tips,”\u003c/a> which are those customers give directly, or which come from a tip pool organized by workers. If a business charges customers an extra \u003cem>fee \u003c/em>for services — say a service charge at a restaurant for large parties — and then distributes that amount to employees, that is not a qualified tip, given the customer was required to pay that charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No: Taxpayers need to file with a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No taxes on \u003cem>some\u003c/em> overtime payments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You can now deduct up to $12,500 from how much you made in overtime when calculating your total income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/overtime\">federal law\u003c/a> requires that hourly wage employees be paid at least 1.5 times their regular pay for each extra hour worked. Overtime is any hour worked over 40 in one week.[aside postID=news_11909786 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2022/04/pexels-sora-shimazaki-5668869-672x372.jpg']If you’re paid $20 an hour and your boss asks you to work 48 hours in one week, you should be paid at least $30 an hour for those additional eight hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extra $10 you made each hour is what can be deducted when calculating your total income. In this example, if you only worked eight hours of overtime throughout 2025, you could deduct $80 from your yearly total. The maximum deduction available for overtime is $12,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some employers will mark your extra overtime income on box 14 of your W-2, you can also bring your last pay stub from 2025, said Rojas from United Way Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last pay stub usually states the overtime amount that they worked,” she explained. “From there, the tax preparer can see what amount would qualify.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No. Taxpayers need to file with a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A bigger Child Tax Credit — with restrictions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents and guardians will now receive a $2,200 credit for each child who is their dependent — $200 more than what was available for the 2024 tax year. To be eligible for this rebate, a child must have been younger than 17 before the end of 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, only $1,700 of the $2,200 credit is \u003cem>refundable \u003c/em>— meaning that while the total $2,200 can be used to pay off what you owe the IRS, you can only get up to $1,700 per child as part of your actual refund. If you owe $1,000 to the IRS and have one eligible child, only $700 will go to your refund check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day, there are credits that are not refundable,” said Sage from Tax-Aid. “You may get the credit to offset your tax liability, but you don’t get the full $2,200 back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No: Both the filer and any child under 17 claimed as a dependent need to have a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit. However, families filing with an ITIN are still eligible for California’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/credits/young-child-tax-credit.html\">Young Child Tax Credit\u003c/a> if they have kids under 6 years old, as the state does not require filers to provide a Social Security number to receive this rebate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Larger deductions for seniors\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Filers who are 65 or older can claim a $6,000 deduction for taxable income from 2025, on top of whatever standard deduction they already qualify for. If someone is no longer working, this deduction can apply to money they receive from pension funds or gambling winnings — and even some Social Security benefits if their total annual income \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/faqs/social-security-income\">exceeds certain thresholds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For couples who are married and filing jointly, the deduction maximum doubles to $12,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12074131 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1251\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty-1536x961.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, is seen during an enrollment ceremony at the U.S. Capitol on July 3, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The bill makes permanent President Donald Trump’s 2017 tax cuts, increases spending on defense and immigration enforcement and temporarily cuts taxes on tips, while at the same time cutting funding for Medicaid, food assistance, clean energy and raising the nation’s debt limit by $5 trillion. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This credit is not refundable, meaning it won’t contribute to someone’s refund check, Rojas said. “If there’s no taxes owed, then it won’t really affect them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “if they have other taxable income there, that will potentially bring down what they may owe for taxes,” Rojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No. Taxpayers need to file with a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit. But many seniors living in California are still eligible for the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/credits/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html\">Earned Income Tax Credit\u003c/a>, as the state does not require filers to provide a Social Security Number for this rebate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Deductions for car loan interest payments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you purchased a car in 2025, you can deduct the interest paid on any loan you took out to pay for that vehicle. The maximum deduction available is $10,000. If you’re leasing your car, this deduction does not apply.[aside postID=news_12073445 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/internal-revenue-service_qed-1020x680.jpg']In addition to only being for cars that are for personal use, there’s another requirement: Your vehicle’s “last assembly has to be completed in the United States,” Rojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acknowledging that it may be confusing for some folks to figure out where their car was last assembled, she recommended that tax filers “should bring whatever documentation they received at the time of the purchase” to their tax preparation appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IRS requires that filers also include their car’s vehicle identification number, a 17-character number marked “VIN” that you can usually find on the interior of the driver’s door or on the closest dashboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> Potentially, as the IRS does not require having a Social Security number to claim this credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No e-file and longer wait times to receive refunds without direct deposit\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last November, the IRS announced that it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/irs-ends-free-direct-file-tax-program-best-alternatives/\">end its Direct File Tool\u003c/a>, which allowed taxpayers to file directly for free without needing the help of a tax professional or an online tax service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can still \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11909786/how-to-find-free-tax-help-near-you-and-prepare-everything-you-need-for-your-appointment\">find free tax help from a community organization\u003c/a> certified by the IRS Volunteer Income Tax Assistance program. Many VITA sites offer assistance in Spanish, Cantonese, Tagalog, Vietnamese and other languages, and some also offer unscheduled walk-in appointments. Find the VITA site closest to you using United Way Bay Area’s \u003ca href=\"https://uwba.org/what-we-do/free-tax-help/#fthMap\">interactive map\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IRS is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/refunds/get-your-refund-faster-tell-irs-to-direct-deposit-your-refund-to-one-two-or-three-accounts\">strongly encouraging filers\u003c/a> to sign up for direct deposit to receive their refund. Taxpayers can still request to receive their refund in the mail as a check, but that may end up taking a lot longer, Sage said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really encouraging people who don’t have a bank account to sign up for one,” she said, “so they can get direct deposit and access that money quicker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Many filers will be able to claim bigger deductions this year, thanks to new rules in the tax code. We spoke to the experts to learn who's eligible for these credits and how to claim them.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>It’s been over half a year since President Donald Trump \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047824/trump-got-his-tax-bill-over-the-finish-line-now-he-has-to-sell-it-to-voters\">signed into law\u003c/a> the massive spending plan known as the “One Big Beautiful Bill.” And families are still grappling with the full impact of this legislation, which has brought major changes to the nation’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12047647/trumps-health-law-spurs-big-medi-cal-changes-what-californians-need-to-know\">health care sector\u003c/a>, \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/2025/07/03/g-s1-75609/big-beautiful-bill-ice-funding-immigration\">immigration enforcement\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.hks.harvard.edu/faculty-research/policy-topics/social-policy/explainer-understanding-snap-program-and-what-cuts\">food assistance benefits\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The law also overhauls the federal tax system, leading the White House to \u003ca href=\"https://www.whitehouse.gov/articles/2026/01/president-trump-delivers-largest-tax-refund-season-in-u-s-history/\">claim\u003c/a> that this year will be “the biggest tax refund season ever,” with average refunds increasing by at least $1,000 from the previous year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But some taxpayers are already sharing \u003ca href=\"https://www.reddit.com/r/IRS/comments/1qo15nc/for_those_who_successfully_filed_expect_a_refund/\">different experiences online\u003c/a> when it comes to their refunds, noting that they are actually smaller this year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>OBBB has expanded some existing rebates, like the Child Tax Credit, and created new ones, like a $25,000 deduction on income made from tips. But there are limits on how much these credits can actually reduce what you owe the IRS.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And other filers — specifically immigrant families that file with an \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12073445/tax-day-filing-2026-ice-irs-trump-itin-number-no-social-security-number\">Individual Taxpayer Identification Number\u003c/a> — are now blocked from receiving many existing credits, potentially cutting their refunds by thousands of dollars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To understand who’s able to claim some of the latest federal credits, KQED spoke to tax professionals across California about what taxpayers should know — and some of the restrictions that could impact how much you ultimately end up receiving in your refund.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No taxes on tips (to a point)\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you’re a waiter, bartender, hairstylist or working in \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/newsroom/treasury-irs-issue-guidance-listing-occupations-where-workers-customarily-and-regularly-receive-tips-under-the-one-big-beautiful-bill\">another profession\u003c/a> in which you make tips along with your regular wages, you can now deduct up to $25,000 from tips you made.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What this means: When you’re calculating your total income, you can subtract up to $25,000 from the full amount of tips you received in 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For example, if you earned $40,000 in wages and made $30,000 in tips, you can deduct $25,000 from tips, giving you a total income of $45,000 (that is, your wages plus $5,000 in tips). If you earned $40,000 in wages and $10,000 in tips, you can deduct tips entirely — as that tip amount is smaller than $25,000 — and only list $40,000 as your total income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074099\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12074099 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1248\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/TaxonTipsGetty-1536x958.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">“Some workers keep a log of all their tips,” said Lindsay Rojas, director of free tax help at United Way Bay Area. “And if they have one, they should bring that with them.” \u003ccite>(Chris Delmas/AFP via Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Don’t remember how much you made in tips last year? Your employer should have listed that amount in your W-2 form, usually in box 14, said Minnie Sage, program director of San Francisco-based Tax-Aid. “The best thing to do when you’re heading to file is to bring your W-2,” she added.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If you made additional tips besides the amount reported on your W-2, let your tax preparer know, recommended Lindsay Rojas, director of free tax help at \u003ca href=\"https://uwba.org/what-we-do/free-tax-help/\">United Way Bay Area\u003c/a>. “Some workers keep a log of all their tips,” she said, “and if they have one, they should bring that with them.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Keep in mind that this deduction only applies to what the IRS \u003ca href=\"http://irs.gov/newsroom/treasury-irs-issue-guidance-listing-occupations-where-workers-customarily-and-regularly-receive-tips-under-the-one-big-beautiful-bill\">calls “qualified tips,”\u003c/a> which are those customers give directly, or which come from a tip pool organized by workers. If a business charges customers an extra \u003cem>fee \u003c/em>for services — say a service charge at a restaurant for large parties — and then distributes that amount to employees, that is not a qualified tip, given the customer was required to pay that charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No: Taxpayers need to file with a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No taxes on \u003cem>some\u003c/em> overtime payments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>You can now deduct up to $12,500 from how much you made in overtime when calculating your total income.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In most cases, \u003ca href=\"https://www.dol.gov/agencies/whd/overtime\">federal law\u003c/a> requires that hourly wage employees be paid at least 1.5 times their regular pay for each extra hour worked. Overtime is any hour worked over 40 in one week.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>If you’re paid $20 an hour and your boss asks you to work 48 hours in one week, you should be paid at least $30 an hour for those additional eight hours.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The extra $10 you made each hour is what can be deducted when calculating your total income. In this example, if you only worked eight hours of overtime throughout 2025, you could deduct $80 from your yearly total. The maximum deduction available for overtime is $12,500.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While some employers will mark your extra overtime income on box 14 of your W-2, you can also bring your last pay stub from 2025, said Rojas from United Way Bay Area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The last pay stub usually states the overtime amount that they worked,” she explained. “From there, the tax preparer can see what amount would qualify.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No. Taxpayers need to file with a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A bigger Child Tax Credit — with restrictions\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Parents and guardians will now receive a $2,200 credit for each child who is their dependent — $200 more than what was available for the 2024 tax year. To be eligible for this rebate, a child must have been younger than 17 before the end of 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, only $1,700 of the $2,200 credit is \u003cem>refundable \u003c/em>— meaning that while the total $2,200 can be used to pay off what you owe the IRS, you can only get up to $1,700 per child as part of your actual refund. If you owe $1,000 to the IRS and have one eligible child, only $700 will go to your refund check.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“At the end of the day, there are credits that are not refundable,” said Sage from Tax-Aid. “You may get the credit to offset your tax liability, but you don’t get the full $2,200 back.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No: Both the filer and any child under 17 claimed as a dependent need to have a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit. However, families filing with an ITIN are still eligible for California’s own \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/credits/young-child-tax-credit.html\">Young Child Tax Credit\u003c/a> if they have kids under 6 years old, as the state does not require filers to provide a Social Security number to receive this rebate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Larger deductions for seniors\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Filers who are 65 or older can claim a $6,000 deduction for taxable income from 2025, on top of whatever standard deduction they already qualify for. If someone is no longer working, this deduction can apply to money they receive from pension funds or gambling winnings — and even some Social Security benefits if their total annual income \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/faqs/social-security-income\">exceeds certain thresholds\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For couples who are married and filing jointly, the deduction maximum doubles to $12,000.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12074131\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12074131 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1251\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty-160x100.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/OneBigBeautifulBillGetty-1536x961.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">H.R. 1, the One Big Beautiful Bill Act, is seen during an enrollment ceremony at the U.S. Capitol on July 3, 2025, in Washington, D.C. The bill makes permanent President Donald Trump’s 2017 tax cuts, increases spending on defense and immigration enforcement and temporarily cuts taxes on tips, while at the same time cutting funding for Medicaid, food assistance, clean energy and raising the nation’s debt limit by $5 trillion. \u003ccite>(Kevin Dietsch/Getty Images)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>This credit is not refundable, meaning it won’t contribute to someone’s refund check, Rojas said. “If there’s no taxes owed, then it won’t really affect them,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But “if they have other taxable income there, that will potentially bring down what they may owe for taxes,” Rojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> No. Taxpayers need to file with a Social Security number to be eligible for this credit. But many seniors living in California are still eligible for the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://www.ftb.ca.gov/file/personal/credits/caleitc/eligibility-and-credit-information.html\">Earned Income Tax Credit\u003c/a>, as the state does not require filers to provide a Social Security Number for this rebate.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Deductions for car loan interest payments\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If you purchased a car in 2025, you can deduct the interest paid on any loan you took out to pay for that vehicle. The maximum deduction available is $10,000. If you’re leasing your car, this deduction does not apply.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>In addition to only being for cars that are for personal use, there’s another requirement: Your vehicle’s “last assembly has to be completed in the United States,” Rojas said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Acknowledging that it may be confusing for some folks to figure out where their car was last assembled, she recommended that tax filers “should bring whatever documentation they received at the time of the purchase” to their tax preparation appointment.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IRS requires that filers also include their car’s vehicle identification number, a 17-character number marked “VIN” that you can usually find on the interior of the driver’s door or on the closest dashboard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Do ITIN holders qualify?\u003c/strong> Potentially, as the IRS does not require having a Social Security number to claim this credit.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>No e-file and longer wait times to receive refunds without direct deposit\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Last November, the IRS announced that it would \u003ca href=\"https://www.cnet.com/tech/services-and-software/irs-ends-free-direct-file-tax-program-best-alternatives/\">end its Direct File Tool\u003c/a>, which allowed taxpayers to file directly for free without needing the help of a tax professional or an online tax service.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>You can still \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11909786/how-to-find-free-tax-help-near-you-and-prepare-everything-you-need-for-your-appointment\">find free tax help from a community organization\u003c/a> certified by the IRS Volunteer Income Tax Assistance program. Many VITA sites offer assistance in Spanish, Cantonese, Tagalog, Vietnamese and other languages, and some also offer unscheduled walk-in appointments. Find the VITA site closest to you using United Way Bay Area’s \u003ca href=\"https://uwba.org/what-we-do/free-tax-help/#fthMap\">interactive map\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The IRS is also \u003ca href=\"https://www.irs.gov/refunds/get-your-refund-faster-tell-irs-to-direct-deposit-your-refund-to-one-two-or-three-accounts\">strongly encouraging filers\u003c/a> to sign up for direct deposit to receive their refund. Taxpayers can still request to receive their refund in the mail as a check, but that may end up taking a lot longer, Sage said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re really encouraging people who don’t have a bank account to sign up for one,” she said, “so they can get direct deposit and access that money quicker.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> government officials are calling for refund checks following Friday’s Supreme Court ruling slapping down President \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a>’s unilateral tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s 6-3 decision found that Trump’s imposition of tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) was illegal. The decision followed a year of market anxiety and global tensions over the sweeping economic changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump was quick to attack the ruling, saying on Friday that he was “absolutely ashamed” of the court’s decision, and has dismissed calls for refunds. The president said he is seeking to reimpose a global 10% tariff through other means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These tariffs were nothing more than an illegal cash grab that drove up prices and hurt working families, so you could wreck longstanding alliances and extort them,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said in a statement on Friday after the ruling. “Every dollar unlawfully taken must be refunded immediately — with interest. Cough up!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ruling did not say whether or how businesses are entitled to refunds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a press conference on Friday, Attorney General Rob Bonta said that those seeking claims could attempt to go through the Court of International Trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063671\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta speaks to reporters as Arizona Attorney General Kris Mayes, left, and Oregon Attorney General Dan Rayfield, right, listen outside the Supreme Court on Wednesday, Nov. 5, 2025, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Mark Schiefelbein/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“California is going to remain vigilant as the refund process moves forward to ensure that businesses harmed by these illegal tariffs receive the relief that they’re owed,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent report from a U.S. Senate committee found that American consumers have paid tens of billions of dollars in tariff costs over the past year, averaging more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/democrats/press-releases?ID=9E4D02A7-A9B3-4307-A11D-D44F6C1A60F8\">$1,700 per family\u003c/a>. Businesses across the Bay Area and the country have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034827/bay-area-business-already-tough-trumps-tariffs-preparing-pain\">struggled\u003c/a> to shoulder the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025963/bay-area-businesses-brace-higher-import-costs-trumps-new-tariffs\"> rising costs of international goods\u003c/a>, from construction materials to toilet paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the largest port infrastructure in the nation. We are the fourth-largest economy in the world. We do trade with pretty much every major region of the world that you can think of. This is big,” Xavier Becerra, a former U.S. Health and Human Services secretary, who is now running for California governor, told KQED. “Thank god we now have a ruling that at least tells us that Donald Trump can’t cause this chaos with his tariff mania.”[aside postID=news_12064613 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/04/GettyImages-2209401664-1020x718.jpg']But officials at the Port of Oakland, one of the biggest import and export hubs on the West Coast, took a cautious view of Friday’s ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expect this will not be the final word on trade and tariffs,” said Bryan Brandes, maritime director at the Port of Oakland. “Our trade community seeks stability and certainty, as increased volume at the Port of Oakland means increased prosperity across the region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Total imports at the Port of Oakland were down in some months in 2025, but overall, the terminal had a slight increase from September 2024 to September 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In last month’s State of the Port address, Executive Director Kristi McKenney said maritime operations remained steady despite short-term dips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tariffs imposed under IEEPA were projected to cost California’s economy $25 billion and result in the loss of over 64,000 jobs, according to data from the Attorney General’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order comes after several states, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036199/trumps-tariffs-could-wreck-californias-economy-the-state-is-suing\">California, sued the Trump administration\u003c/a> in April 2025 for abuse of power by issuing the tariffs without congressional approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tariffs “have been creating chaos and uncertainty. They have been raising costs for Americans, everyday consumers, as well as businesses,” Bonta said. “Today is a day for affordability, something that Americans and Californians have been screaming for, for months now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">\u003cem>Scott Shafer\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/california\">California\u003c/a> government officials are calling for refund checks following Friday’s Supreme Court ruling slapping down President \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/donald-trump\">Donald Trump\u003c/a>’s unilateral tariffs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court’s 6-3 decision found that Trump’s imposition of tariffs under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) was illegal. The decision followed a year of market anxiety and global tensions over the sweeping economic changes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Trump was quick to attack the ruling, saying on Friday that he was “absolutely ashamed” of the court’s decision, and has dismissed calls for refunds. The president said he is seeking to reimpose a global 10% tariff through other means.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“These tariffs were nothing more than an illegal cash grab that drove up prices and hurt working families, so you could wreck longstanding alliances and extort them,” Gov. Gavin Newsom said in a statement on Friday after the ruling. “Every dollar unlawfully taken must be refunded immediately — with interest. Cough up!”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The court ruling did not say whether or how businesses are entitled to refunds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>During a press conference on Friday, Attorney General Rob Bonta said that those seeking claims could attempt to go through the Court of International Trade.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12063671\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12063671\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/11/RobBontaAP-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">California Attorney General Rob Bonta speaks to reporters as Arizona Attorney General Kris Mayes, left, and Oregon Attorney General Dan Rayfield, right, listen outside the Supreme Court on Wednesday, Nov. 5, 2025, in Washington, D.C. \u003ccite>(Mark Schiefelbein/AP Photo)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“California is going to remain vigilant as the refund process moves forward to ensure that businesses harmed by these illegal tariffs receive the relief that they’re owed,” Bonta said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A recent report from a U.S. Senate committee found that American consumers have paid tens of billions of dollars in tariff costs over the past year, averaging more than \u003ca href=\"https://www.jec.senate.gov/public/index.cfm/democrats/press-releases?ID=9E4D02A7-A9B3-4307-A11D-D44F6C1A60F8\">$1,700 per family\u003c/a>. Businesses across the Bay Area and the country have \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12034827/bay-area-business-already-tough-trumps-tariffs-preparing-pain\">struggled\u003c/a> to shoulder the\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12025963/bay-area-businesses-brace-higher-import-costs-trumps-new-tariffs\"> rising costs of international goods\u003c/a>, from construction materials to toilet paper.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve got the largest port infrastructure in the nation. We are the fourth-largest economy in the world. We do trade with pretty much every major region of the world that you can think of. This is big,” Xavier Becerra, a former U.S. Health and Human Services secretary, who is now running for California governor, told KQED. “Thank god we now have a ruling that at least tells us that Donald Trump can’t cause this chaos with his tariff mania.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But officials at the Port of Oakland, one of the biggest import and export hubs on the West Coast, took a cautious view of Friday’s ruling.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We expect this will not be the final word on trade and tariffs,” said Bryan Brandes, maritime director at the Port of Oakland. “Our trade community seeks stability and certainty, as increased volume at the Port of Oakland means increased prosperity across the region.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Total imports at the Port of Oakland were down in some months in 2025, but overall, the terminal had a slight increase from September 2024 to September 2025.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In last month’s State of the Port address, Executive Director Kristi McKenney said maritime operations remained steady despite short-term dips.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tariffs imposed under IEEPA were projected to cost California’s economy $25 billion and result in the loss of over 64,000 jobs, according to data from the Attorney General’s office.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The order comes after several states, including \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12036199/trumps-tariffs-could-wreck-californias-economy-the-state-is-suing\">California, sued the Trump administration\u003c/a> in April 2025 for abuse of power by issuing the tariffs without congressional approval.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Tariffs “have been creating chaos and uncertainty. They have been raising costs for Americans, everyday consumers, as well as businesses,” Bonta said. “Today is a day for affordability, something that Americans and Californians have been screaming for, for months now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>KQED’s \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/author/scottshafer\">\u003cem>Scott Shafer\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> contributed to this report.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"slug": "factory-built-housing-hasnt-taken-off-in-california-yet-but-this-year-might-be-different",
"title": "Factory-Built Housing Hasn’t Taken Off in California Yet, but This Year Might Be Different",
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"headTitle": "Factory-Built Housing Hasn’t Taken Off in California Yet, but This Year Might Be Different | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the first home rolled off the factory floor in Kalamazoo, Michigan — “like a boxcar with picture windows,” according to a journalist on the scene — the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development proclaimed it “the coming of a real revolution in housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades engineers, architects, futurists, industrialists, investors and politicians have been pining for a better, faster and cheaper way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068746/2025-was-a-blockbuster-year-for-housing-laws-what-does-that-mean-for-2026\">build homes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, amid a national housing shortage, the question felt as pressing as ever: What if construction could harness the speed, efficiency, quality control and cost-savings of the assembly line?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What if, rather than building homes on-site from the ground up, they were cranked out of factories, one unit after another, shipped to where they were needed and dropped into place? What if the United States could mass-produce its way out of a housing crisis?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1971/05/20/archives/first-unit-built-in-housing-plan-button-pushed-by-romney-at-factory.html\">In Kalamazoo\u003c/a>, that vision finally seemed a reality. The HUD chief predicted that within a decade two-thirds of all \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/HUD-Challenge-November-December-1969.pdf#page=6\">housing construction\u003c/a> across the United States “would be industrialized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The year was 1971, the HUD Secretary was George Romney (father of future Utah senator, Mitt), and the prediction was wildly off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073550\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Factory-built housing Drake Avenue Apartments sits under construction at 825 Drake Avenue in Marin City on Feb. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Within five years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/Operation-Breakthrough.html\">Operation Breakthrough\u003c/a>, the ambitious, but ultimately costly, delay-ridden and politically unpopular federal initiative that had propped up the Kalamazoo factory and eight others like it across the country, ran out of money. The dream of the factory-built house was dead — not for the first time, nor the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By some definitions, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.survivorlibrary.com/library/the_prefabrication_of_houses_1951.pdf#page=35\">first prefabricated house\u003c/a> was built, shipped and re-assembled in the 1620s. Factory-built homes made of wood and iron were a mainstay of the \u003ca href=\"http://vhd.heritage.vic.gov.au/search/nattrust_result_detail/66817\">colonial\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/SkillingsFlintCCA196560/page/n9/mode/2up\">enterprises\u003c/a> of the 19th Century. Housing and construction-worker shortages during the Second World War prompted a wave of (ultimately unsuccessful) attempts to mass-produce starter homes in the United States. The modern era is full of those predicting that the industrialization of the housing industry is just a few years away, only to be proven wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, state legislators in California believe the turning-point might actually be here. With a little state assistance, they want to make 2026 the Year of the Housing Factory. At long last.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California gets ‘modular-curious’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, an Oakland Democrat and one of the legislature’s most influential policy makers on housing issues, is leading the charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the beginning of the year, she has organized two select committee hearings under the general banner of “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/committees/1700\">housing construction innovation\u003c/a>.” The bulk of the committee’s attention has been on factory-based building — why it might be a fix worth promoting and what the state could do to actually make it work this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearings are ostensibly intended to gather information, all of which will be summarized in a white paper being written by researchers at the Terner Center for Housing Innovation at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073370\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction is underway on an affordable housing apartment building at 2550 Irving Street in San Francisco’s Sunset District on May 19, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But they’re also meant to build political momentum and legislative buy-in for a coming package of bills. Both the paper and bills are due to be released in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wicks has “select committee’d” her way to major policy change before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2024, she cobbled together a series of state-spanning meetings on “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/03/california-construction-permitting-wicks/\">permitting reform\u003c/a>.” Those provided the fodder for \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/03/ceqa-infill-housing-wicks/\">nearly two dozen bills\u003c/a> the following year, all written with the goal of making it easier to build things in California, especially homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most significant of the bunch: Legislation \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/06/ceqa-urban-development-infill-budget/\">exempting most urban apartment buildings\u003c/a> from environmental litigation. Gov. Gavin Newsom enthusiastically signed it into law last summer.[aside postID=news_12073193 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed.jpg']Now comes phase two. Last year’s blitz of bills, capping off years of gradual legislative efforts to remove regulatory barriers to building dense housing across California, has, in Wicks’ view, teed up this next big swing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the last eight to 10 years or so the Legislature and the governor have really taken a bulldozer to a lot of the bureaucratic hurdles when it comes to housing,” said Wicks. “But one of the issues that we haven’t fundamentally tackled is the cost of construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Factory-built housing can arrive on a construction site in varying levels of completeness. There are prefabricated panels (imagine the baked slabs of a gingerbread house) and fully three-dimensional modules (think, Legos).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in the use of both for apartment buildings has been steadily growing in California over the last decade. Investors have poured billions of dollars into the nascent sector, albeit with \u003ca href=\"https://www.fastcompany.com/90643381/this-prefab-builder-raised-more-than-2-billion-why-did-it-crash\">famously mixed results\u003c/a>. In California’s major urban areas, but especially in the San Francisco Bay Area, cranes delicately assembling factory-built modules into apartment blocks has become a more familiar feature of the skyline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randall Thompson, who runs the prefabrication division of Nibbi Brothers General Contractors, said he’s seen attitudes shift radically just in the last couple of years. Not long ago, pitching a developer on factory-built construction was a tough sell. But a few years ago he noted a growing number of “modular-curious” clients willing to run the numbers. Now many are coming to him committed to the idea from the get-go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068866\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction workers build at 750 Golden Gate Ave., in San Francisco, on June 18, 2025, during a groundbreaking ceremony marking the start of two affordable housing projects. One will deliver 75 units prioritized for SFUSD and City College educators, and the other at 850 Turk will add 92 family apartments. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Policymakers are interested too, debating whether public policy and taxpayer money should be used to propel off-site construction from niche application to a regular, if not dominant, feature of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidence from abroad is fueling that optimism: In Sweden, where Wicks and a gaggle of other lawmakers visited last fall, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/08/headway/how-an-american-dream-of-housing-became-a-reality-in-sweden.html\">nearly half of residential construction\u003c/a> takes place in a factory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renewed national interest is part of a “back to the drawingboard” energy that has pervaded policy circles at every level of government in the face of a national affordability crisis, said Chad Maisel, a Center for American Progress fellow and a former Biden administration housing policy advisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the country has tried and failed at this before, most notably with Operation Breakthrough. Yes, individual companies have gone bust trying to make off-site happen at scale. “But we haven’t really given it our all,” Maisel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Henry Ford, but for housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If the goal is to bring down building costs, rethinking the basics of the construction process is an obvious place to start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last century, economic sectors across the United States have seen explosions in labor productivity, with industries using technological innovation, fine-tuned production processes and globe-spanning supply chains to squeeze ever more stuff out of the same number of workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction has been a stagnant outlier. Since the 1970s, labor productivity has actually declined sector-wide, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_brief/2025/eb_25-31\">official government statistics\u003c/a>. In 2023 the average American construction worker added about as much value on a construction site as one in 1948.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you go to buy a car, you don’t get 6,000 parts shipped to your house and then someone comes and builds it for you,” said Ryan Cassidy, vice president of real estate development at Mutual Housing California, an affordable housing developer based in Sacramento that committed last year to build its next five projects with factory-built units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12044255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12044255\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A truck is piled with planks salvaged by Perks Deconstruction from an old farmhouse in Aurora. The wood will be transported to the company’s warehouse, where it will be sorted and priced for sale. \u003ccite>(Hart Van Denburg/CPR News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In theory, breaking down the building process into a series of discrete, repeatable tasks can mean fewer highly trained workers are needed per unit. Standardized panels and modules allow factories to buy materials in bulk at discount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work can be done faster, because it’s centralized, tightly choreographed, closely monitored and possibly automated — but also because multiple things can happen at the same time. Framers don’t have to wait for a foundation to set before getting started on the bedrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Off-site construction reliably cuts construction timelines by \u003ca href=\"https://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Southern-California-Off-Site-Construction-February-2022.pdf\">10 to 30 percent\u003c/a>, according to an analysis by the Terner Center. Some even rosier \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/operations/our-insights/modular-construction-from-projects-to-products\">estimates\u003c/a> have put the figure closer to 50%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That can translate into real savings. “Factory-built housing has the potential to reduce hard (labor, material and equipment) costs by 10 to 25% — at least under the right conditions,” Terner’s director, Ben Metcalf, said at the select committee’s first \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/hearings/278391?t=1525&f=f7440a2ebdd25e14a09f1f72e544107e\">hearing\u003c/a> in early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But historically, it’s been very hard to get those conditions right.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The ghost of Katerra\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The main hitch is an obvious one: Factories are hugely expensive to set up and run. Off-site construction companies only stand to make up those costs if they can run continuously and at full capacity. Mass production only pencils out if it massively produces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means factory production isn’t especially well-suited to industries that boom and bust, in which surplus production can’t be stockpiled in a warehouse and everything is made to order and where local variations in climate, topography and regulation require bespoke products of varying materials, designs, configurations and sizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of which describes the current real estate sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a world in which housing projects are approved one at a time under various local rules and designs and sometimes after years of piecing together financing sources, it’s hard to build out that pipeline for a factory,” said Metcalf at the early January hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059484\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059484\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A construction worker operates machinery to move dirt at the site of new middle housing units at 2824 D Street in Sacramento on October 7, 2025. Developers are reviving “middle housing” such as duplexes and cottage clusters, but say California’s rollout of the new rules has been anything but smooth. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The particular financial needs of a factory also upend business as usual for developers and real estate funders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industrial construction “costs less overall but costs more in the short term. Everything is frontloaded,” said Jan Lindenthal-Cox, chief investment officer at the San Francisco Housing Accelerator Fund. All design, engineering and material decisions have to be finalized long before the factory gears start turning. Real estate investors and lenders tend to be wary of putting up quite so much money so early in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Accelerator Fund, a privately-backed non-profit, is hoping to ease some of those concerns by providing short-term, low-cost loans to developers in order to cover those higher-than-usual early costs. The hope is that traditional funders — namely, banks and investors — will eventually feel confident enough to take over that role “once this is a more proven approach,” said Lindenthal-Cox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such skittishness pervades every step of the off-site development process, said Apoorva Pasricha, chief operation officer at Cloud Apartments, a San Francisco-based start-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073551\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scaffolding sits in front of a weather-resistant barrier on the exterior of Drake Avenue Apartments at the site of the factory housing complex at 825 Drake Avenue in Marin City on Feb. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Scaffolding sits in front of a weather-resistant barrier on the exterior of factory-built housing, Drake Avenue Apartments, at 825 Drake Avenue in Marin City on Feb. 7, 2026. Photo by Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A subcontractor unfamiliar with modular construction might bid a project higher than they otherwise would to compensate for the uncertainty. Building code officials might be extra cautious or extra slow in approving a project for the same reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the industry grows, “creating familiarity with the process helps drive that risk down,” said Pasricha. “The question is, who is going to be willing to pay the price to learn?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some would-be pioneers have paid it. In 2021, the Silicon Valley-based modular start up Katerra went \u003ca href=\"https://www.architectmagazine.com/technology/katerras-2-billion-legacy_o\">spectacularly bankrupt\u003c/a> after spending $2 billion in a hyperambitious gambit to disrupt the building industry. Katerra still hangs over the industry like a specter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Potter, a former Katerra engineer who now writes the widely-read \u003ca href=\"https://www.construction-physics.com/\">Construction Physics\u003c/a> newsletter, said he too was once wooed by the idea that “‘we’ll just move this into a factory and we will yield enormous improvements.’”[aside postID=news_12072999 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020526SJ-TINY-HOMES_GH_025-KQED.jpg']These days, he strenuously avoids terms like “impossible” and “doomed to fail” when asked about the potential of off-site construction. But he does stress that it’s a very hard nut to crack with limited upside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beyond just the regulatory issues, which are real, there are just fundamental nature of the market, nature of the process, things that you have to cope with,” said Potter, whose recent book, \u003cem>The Origins of Efficiency\u003c/em>, digs into how and why modern society has succeeded at making certain things much faster and cheaper — and not others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certain markets in California could be a good fit for factory-built construction, he added, but not for the reasons that off-site boosters typically lead with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction costs in the Bay Area, specifically, are notoriously expensive. Many of the region’s most productive housing factories are located in Idaho. That arrangement might make financial sense, said Potter, not because of anything inherently cost-saving in the industrialized process, but because wages in the Boise area are just \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/regions/west/news-release/occupationalemploymentandwages_sanfrancisco.htm\">a lot\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/regions/west/news-release/occupationalemploymentandwages_boisecity.htm\">lower\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That raises another potential impediment for state lawmakers hoping to goose the factory-built model: Organized labor. In a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/07/california-construction-unions-housing/\">familiar political split\u003c/a>, while California’s carpenters union has historically been open to the idea of off-site construction, the influential State Building & Construction Trades Council has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/San-Francisco-trade-unions-at-odds-over-modular-15755264.php\">hostile\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will the state step in?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Neither Wicks, nor any other legislator, has released legislative language yet aimed at supporting the industry. But in committee hearings, developers, labor leaders, academics and other off-site construction supporters have repeatedly pitched lawmakers on the same three themes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building out the pipeline is one. The state, supporters say, could keep the factories humming either by nudging affordable developers that way when they apply for state subsidies or by out-and-out requiring public entities, like state universities, to at least consider off-site when they build, say, student housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insuring factories against the risk of a developer going bankrupt (and vice versa) is another common proposal. Developers and investors are hesitant to schedule a spot on a factory line if that factory’s bankruptcy will leave them in the lurch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042674\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042674\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Apartment buildings under construction near Macarthur BART station in Oakland, on Feb. 21, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Likewise, factories tend to charge high deposits to make up for the fact that developers go out of business or get hit with months-long delays. One solution could involve the taxpayer playing the role of insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Third: Standardizing building code requirements. The state’s Housing and Community Development department already regulates factory-built housing units. But once a module is shipped to a site, local inspectors will often do their own once-over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these proposed fixes are specific to the industry. But some are regulatory changes that would make it easier to build more generally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That might suggest that policy should ideally focus on making it easier to build stuff more generally, “not on a specific goal,” said Stephen Smith, director of the Center for Building in North America, which advocates for cost-cutting changes to building codes. For all the emphasis on building entire studio apartments inside factories, he noted that plenty of steps in the construction process have entered the modern era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023647\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023647\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A line of old factory buildings on Mare Island in the city of Vallejo, Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You find walls built in factories, you see elevators, you see escalators,” said Smith. “You need to consider the small victories and think of it as a general process of (regulatory) hygiene.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wicks has heard all of the arguments for why emphasizing factory-based construction won’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think factory-built housing is going to solve all of our problems. I think it’s a piece of the solution,” she said. “We’re not talking about actually funding the building of factories. We’re talking about creating a streamlined environment for these types of housing units to be built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, it can’t hurt to try again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2026/02/factory-built-housing-california-wicks/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "Building homes inside a factory has long been seen as a way to revolutionize the American housing industry, ushering in a new era of higher quality homes at lower price. That dream has never quite panned out. Can California finally make it happen?",
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"title": "Factory-Built Housing Hasn’t Taken Off in California Yet, but This Year Might Be Different | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c!-- Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ -->\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This story was originally published by \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/\">CalMatters\u003c/a>. \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/subscribe-to-calmatters/\">Sign up\u003c/a> for their newsletters.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the first home rolled off the factory floor in Kalamazoo, Michigan — “like a boxcar with picture windows,” according to a journalist on the scene — the Secretary of Housing and Urban Development proclaimed it “the coming of a real revolution in housing.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For decades engineers, architects, futurists, industrialists, investors and politicians have been pining for a better, faster and cheaper way to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12068746/2025-was-a-blockbuster-year-for-housing-laws-what-does-that-mean-for-2026\">build homes\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now, amid a national housing shortage, the question felt as pressing as ever: What if construction could harness the speed, efficiency, quality control and cost-savings of the assembly line?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What if, rather than building homes on-site from the ground up, they were cranked out of factories, one unit after another, shipped to where they were needed and dropped into place? What if the United States could mass-produce its way out of a housing crisis?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1971/05/20/archives/first-unit-built-in-housing-plan-button-pushed-by-romney-at-factory.html\">In Kalamazoo\u003c/a>, that vision finally seemed a reality. The HUD chief predicted that within a decade two-thirds of all \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/portal/sites/default/files/pdf/HUD-Challenge-November-December-1969.pdf#page=6\">housing construction\u003c/a> across the United States “would be industrialized.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The year was 1971, the HUD Secretary was George Romney (father of future Utah senator, Mitt), and the prediction was wildly off.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073550\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073550\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12.jpeg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12-160x107.jpeg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_12-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Factory-built housing Drake Avenue Apartments sits under construction at 825 Drake Avenue in Marin City on Feb. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Within five years, \u003ca href=\"https://www.huduser.gov/portal/Operation-Breakthrough.html\">Operation Breakthrough\u003c/a>, the ambitious, but ultimately costly, delay-ridden and politically unpopular federal initiative that had propped up the Kalamazoo factory and eight others like it across the country, ran out of money. The dream of the factory-built house was dead — not for the first time, nor the last.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>By some definitions, the \u003ca href=\"https://www.survivorlibrary.com/library/the_prefabrication_of_houses_1951.pdf#page=35\">first prefabricated house\u003c/a> was built, shipped and re-assembled in the 1620s. Factory-built homes made of wood and iron were a mainstay of the \u003ca href=\"http://vhd.heritage.vic.gov.au/search/nattrust_result_detail/66817\">colonial\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://archive.org/details/SkillingsFlintCCA196560/page/n9/mode/2up\">enterprises\u003c/a> of the 19th Century. Housing and construction-worker shortages during the Second World War prompted a wave of (ultimately unsuccessful) attempts to mass-produce starter homes in the United States. The modern era is full of those predicting that the industrialization of the housing industry is just a few years away, only to be proven wrong.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This year, state legislators in California believe the turning-point might actually be here. With a little state assistance, they want to make 2026 the Year of the Housing Factory. At long last.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>California gets ‘modular-curious’\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Assemblymember Buffy Wicks, an Oakland Democrat and one of the legislature’s most influential policy makers on housing issues, is leading the charge.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the beginning of the year, she has organized two select committee hearings under the general banner of “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/committees/1700\">housing construction innovation\u003c/a>.” The bulk of the committee’s attention has been on factory-based building — why it might be a fix worth promoting and what the state could do to actually make it work this time.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The hearings are ostensibly intended to gather information, all of which will be summarized in a white paper being written by researchers at the Terner Center for Housing Innovation at UC Berkeley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073370\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073370\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/250519-AffordableHousingFile-04-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction is underway on an affordable housing apartment building at 2550 Irving Street in San Francisco’s Sunset District on May 19, 2025. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>But they’re also meant to build political momentum and legislative buy-in for a coming package of bills. Both the paper and bills are due to be released in the coming weeks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wicks has “select committee’d” her way to major policy change before.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In late 2024, she cobbled together a series of state-spanning meetings on “\u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/03/california-construction-permitting-wicks/\">permitting reform\u003c/a>.” Those provided the fodder for \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/03/ceqa-infill-housing-wicks/\">nearly two dozen bills\u003c/a> the following year, all written with the goal of making it easier to build things in California, especially homes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The most significant of the bunch: Legislation \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2025/06/ceqa-urban-development-infill-budget/\">exempting most urban apartment buildings\u003c/a> from environmental litigation. Gov. Gavin Newsom enthusiastically signed it into law last summer.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>Now comes phase two. Last year’s blitz of bills, capping off years of gradual legislative efforts to remove regulatory barriers to building dense housing across California, has, in Wicks’ view, teed up this next big swing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Over the last eight to 10 years or so the Legislature and the governor have really taken a bulldozer to a lot of the bureaucratic hurdles when it comes to housing,” said Wicks. “But one of the issues that we haven’t fundamentally tackled is the cost of construction.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Factory-built housing can arrive on a construction site in varying levels of completeness. There are prefabricated panels (imagine the baked slabs of a gingerbread house) and fully three-dimensional modules (think, Legos).\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Interest in the use of both for apartment buildings has been steadily growing in California over the last decade. Investors have poured billions of dollars into the nascent sector, albeit with \u003ca href=\"https://www.fastcompany.com/90643381/this-prefab-builder-raised-more-than-2-billion-why-did-it-crash\">famously mixed results\u003c/a>. In California’s major urban areas, but especially in the San Francisco Bay Area, cranes delicately assembling factory-built modules into apartment blocks has become a more familiar feature of the skyline.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Randall Thompson, who runs the prefabrication division of Nibbi Brothers General Contractors, said he’s seen attitudes shift radically just in the last couple of years. Not long ago, pitching a developer on factory-built construction was a tough sell. But a few years ago he noted a growing number of “modular-curious” clients willing to run the numbers. Now many are coming to him committed to the idea from the get-go.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12068866\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12068866\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/250618-NewTeacherHousing-18-BL_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Construction workers build at 750 Golden Gate Ave., in San Francisco, on June 18, 2025, during a groundbreaking ceremony marking the start of two affordable housing projects. One will deliver 75 units prioritized for SFUSD and City College educators, and the other at 850 Turk will add 92 family apartments. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Policymakers are interested too, debating whether public policy and taxpayer money should be used to propel off-site construction from niche application to a regular, if not dominant, feature of the industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Evidence from abroad is fueling that optimism: In Sweden, where Wicks and a gaggle of other lawmakers visited last fall, \u003ca href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/08/headway/how-an-american-dream-of-housing-became-a-reality-in-sweden.html\">nearly half of residential construction\u003c/a> takes place in a factory.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The renewed national interest is part of a “back to the drawingboard” energy that has pervaded policy circles at every level of government in the face of a national affordability crisis, said Chad Maisel, a Center for American Progress fellow and a former Biden administration housing policy advisor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yes, the country has tried and failed at this before, most notably with Operation Breakthrough. Yes, individual companies have gone bust trying to make off-site happen at scale. “But we haven’t really given it our all,” Maisel said.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Henry Ford, but for housing\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>If the goal is to bring down building costs, rethinking the basics of the construction process is an obvious place to start.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the last century, economic sectors across the United States have seen explosions in labor productivity, with industries using technological innovation, fine-tuned production processes and globe-spanning supply chains to squeeze ever more stuff out of the same number of workers.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction has been a stagnant outlier. Since the 1970s, labor productivity has actually declined sector-wide, according to \u003ca href=\"https://www.richmondfed.org/publications/research/economic_brief/2025/eb_25-31\">official government statistics\u003c/a>. In 2023 the average American construction worker added about as much value on a construction site as one in 1948.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When you go to buy a car, you don’t get 6,000 parts shipped to your house and then someone comes and builds it for you,” said Ryan Cassidy, vice president of real estate development at Mutual Housing California, an affordable housing developer based in Sacramento that committed last year to build its next five projects with factory-built units.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12044255\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12044255\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1800\" height=\"1200\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy.jpg 1800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/npr.brightspotcdn-2-copy-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1800px) 100vw, 1800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A truck is piled with planks salvaged by Perks Deconstruction from an old farmhouse in Aurora. The wood will be transported to the company’s warehouse, where it will be sorted and priced for sale. \u003ccite>(Hart Van Denburg/CPR News)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>In theory, breaking down the building process into a series of discrete, repeatable tasks can mean fewer highly trained workers are needed per unit. Standardized panels and modules allow factories to buy materials in bulk at discount.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The work can be done faster, because it’s centralized, tightly choreographed, closely monitored and possibly automated — but also because multiple things can happen at the same time. Framers don’t have to wait for a foundation to set before getting started on the bedrooms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Off-site construction reliably cuts construction timelines by \u003ca href=\"https://ternercenter.berkeley.edu/wp-content/uploads/2022/01/Southern-California-Off-Site-Construction-February-2022.pdf\">10 to 30 percent\u003c/a>, according to an analysis by the Terner Center. Some even rosier \u003ca href=\"https://www.mckinsey.com/capabilities/operations/our-insights/modular-construction-from-projects-to-products\">estimates\u003c/a> have put the figure closer to 50%.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That can translate into real savings. “Factory-built housing has the potential to reduce hard (labor, material and equipment) costs by 10 to 25% — at least under the right conditions,” Terner’s director, Ben Metcalf, said at the select committee’s first \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.digitaldemocracy.org/hearings/278391?t=1525&f=f7440a2ebdd25e14a09f1f72e544107e\">hearing\u003c/a> in early January.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But historically, it’s been very hard to get those conditions right.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The ghost of Katerra\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>The main hitch is an obvious one: Factories are hugely expensive to set up and run. Off-site construction companies only stand to make up those costs if they can run continuously and at full capacity. Mass production only pencils out if it massively produces.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That means factory production isn’t especially well-suited to industries that boom and bust, in which surplus production can’t be stockpiled in a warehouse and everything is made to order and where local variations in climate, topography and regulation require bespoke products of varying materials, designs, configurations and sizes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>All of which describes the current real estate sector.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In a world in which housing projects are approved one at a time under various local rules and designs and sometimes after years of piecing together financing sources, it’s hard to build out that pipeline for a factory,” said Metcalf at the early January hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12059484\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12059484\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/10/251007-SACRAMENTOMIDDLEHOUSING_00145_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A construction worker operates machinery to move dirt at the site of new middle housing units at 2824 D Street in Sacramento on October 7, 2025. Developers are reviving “middle housing” such as duplexes and cottage clusters, but say California’s rollout of the new rules has been anything but smooth. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The particular financial needs of a factory also upend business as usual for developers and real estate funders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Industrial construction “costs less overall but costs more in the short term. Everything is frontloaded,” said Jan Lindenthal-Cox, chief investment officer at the San Francisco Housing Accelerator Fund. All design, engineering and material decisions have to be finalized long before the factory gears start turning. Real estate investors and lenders tend to be wary of putting up quite so much money so early in the process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Accelerator Fund, a privately-backed non-profit, is hoping to ease some of those concerns by providing short-term, low-cost loans to developers in order to cover those higher-than-usual early costs. The hope is that traditional funders — namely, banks and investors — will eventually feel confident enough to take over that role “once this is a more proven approach,” said Lindenthal-Cox.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Such skittishness pervades every step of the off-site development process, said Apoorva Pasricha, chief operation officer at Cloud Apartments, a San Francisco-based start-up.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12073551\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12073551\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/020726_FactoryHousing_JK_CM_05-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Scaffolding sits in front of a weather-resistant barrier on the exterior of Drake Avenue Apartments at the site of the factory housing complex at 825 Drake Avenue in Marin City on Feb. 7, 2026. \u003ccite>(Scaffolding sits in front of a weather-resistant barrier on the exterior of factory-built housing, Drake Avenue Apartments, at 825 Drake Avenue in Marin City on Feb. 7, 2026. Photo by Jungho Kim for CalMatters)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cfigure>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A subcontractor unfamiliar with modular construction might bid a project higher than they otherwise would to compensate for the uncertainty. Building code officials might be extra cautious or extra slow in approving a project for the same reason.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the industry grows, “creating familiarity with the process helps drive that risk down,” said Pasricha. “The question is, who is going to be willing to pay the price to learn?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some would-be pioneers have paid it. In 2021, the Silicon Valley-based modular start up Katerra went \u003ca href=\"https://www.architectmagazine.com/technology/katerras-2-billion-legacy_o\">spectacularly bankrupt\u003c/a> after spending $2 billion in a hyperambitious gambit to disrupt the building industry. Katerra still hangs over the industry like a specter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brian Potter, a former Katerra engineer who now writes the widely-read \u003ca href=\"https://www.construction-physics.com/\">Construction Physics\u003c/a> newsletter, said he too was once wooed by the idea that “‘we’ll just move this into a factory and we will yield enormous improvements.’”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>These days, he strenuously avoids terms like “impossible” and “doomed to fail” when asked about the potential of off-site construction. But he does stress that it’s a very hard nut to crack with limited upside.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Beyond just the regulatory issues, which are real, there are just fundamental nature of the market, nature of the process, things that you have to cope with,” said Potter, whose recent book, \u003cem>The Origins of Efficiency\u003c/em>, digs into how and why modern society has succeeded at making certain things much faster and cheaper — and not others.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Certain markets in California could be a good fit for factory-built construction, he added, but not for the reasons that off-site boosters typically lead with.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Construction costs in the Bay Area, specifically, are notoriously expensive. Many of the region’s most productive housing factories are located in Idaho. That arrangement might make financial sense, said Potter, not because of anything inherently cost-saving in the industrialized process, but because wages in the Boise area are just \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/regions/west/news-release/occupationalemploymentandwages_sanfrancisco.htm\">a lot\u003c/a> \u003ca href=\"https://www.bls.gov/regions/west/news-release/occupationalemploymentandwages_boisecity.htm\">lower\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That raises another potential impediment for state lawmakers hoping to goose the factory-built model: Organized labor. In a \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/politics/2025/07/california-construction-unions-housing/\">familiar political split\u003c/a>, while California’s carpenters union has historically been open to the idea of off-site construction, the influential State Building & Construction Trades Council has been \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/bayarea/article/San-Francisco-trade-unions-at-odds-over-modular-15755264.php\">hostile\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Will the state step in?\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Neither Wicks, nor any other legislator, has released legislative language yet aimed at supporting the industry. But in committee hearings, developers, labor leaders, academics and other off-site construction supporters have repeatedly pitched lawmakers on the same three themes.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Building out the pipeline is one. The state, supporters say, could keep the factories humming either by nudging affordable developers that way when they apply for state subsidies or by out-and-out requiring public entities, like state universities, to at least consider off-site when they build, say, student housing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Insuring factories against the risk of a developer going bankrupt (and vice versa) is another common proposal. Developers and investors are hesitant to schedule a spot on a factory line if that factory’s bankruptcy will leave them in the lurch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12042674\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12042674\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2025/06/008_KQED_Housing_Oakland_02212020_3485_qed-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Apartment buildings under construction near Macarthur BART station in Oakland, on Feb. 21, 2020. \u003ccite>(Beth LaBerge/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Likewise, factories tend to charge high deposits to make up for the fact that developers go out of business or get hit with months-long delays. One solution could involve the taxpayer playing the role of insurer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Third: Standardizing building code requirements. The state’s Housing and Community Development department already regulates factory-built housing units. But once a module is shipped to a site, local inspectors will often do their own once-over.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some of these proposed fixes are specific to the industry. But some are regulatory changes that would make it easier to build more generally.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That might suggest that policy should ideally focus on making it easier to build stuff more generally, “not on a specific goal,” said Stephen Smith, director of the Center for Building in North America, which advocates for cost-cutting changes to building codes. For all the emphasis on building entire studio apartments inside factories, he noted that plenty of steps in the construction process have entered the modern era.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12023647\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12023647\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-800x533.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/3000/01/20250114_Mare-Island_DMB_00211-1920x1280.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A line of old factory buildings on Mare Island in the city of Vallejo, Tuesday, Jan. 14, 2025. \u003ccite>(David M. Barreda/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“You find walls built in factories, you see elevators, you see escalators,” said Smith. “You need to consider the small victories and think of it as a general process of (regulatory) hygiene.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Wicks has heard all of the arguments for why emphasizing factory-based construction won’t work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think factory-built housing is going to solve all of our problems. I think it’s a piece of the solution,” she said. “We’re not talking about actually funding the building of factories. We’re talking about creating a streamlined environment for these types of housing units to be built.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In other words, it can’t hurt to try again.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article was \u003ca href=\"https://calmatters.org/housing/2026/02/factory-built-housing-california-wicks/\">originally published on CalMatters\u003c/a> and was republished under the \u003ca href=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/\">Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\u003c/a> license.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"title": "Lack of Approved Child Care Providers May Slow Rollout of San Francisco’s Expanded Subsidies",
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"content": "\u003cp>When Daniel Zimmerman heard that \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-francisco\">San Francisco\u003c/a> would offer free or low-cost child care to more families, he went online to make sure he and his wife qualify for a discount and started dreaming about having another baby.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the last few years, the couple has been paying about $3,500 per month to send their children, ages 2 and 5, to a Spanish immersion preschool. Zimmerman said even though they earn six figures — he’s a nurse, and she’s a dietician — keeping up with the high cost of child care leaves them “basically in the red every month.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re not saving money, but we figured, especially when they’re young, we’ll just weather the storm until they get into public school,” he said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prospect of getting financial aid made him think they could raise three kids in the city. But he may need to brace for some snags when he starts looking for child care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under guidelines set by the city Department of Early Childhood, income-eligible families can only select from nearly 600 child care programs within a pre-approved network. That might limit parents’ choices at a time when San Francisco is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069711/san-francisco-expands-child-care-subsidies-to-tackle-affordability-issues\">expanding child care subsidies\u003c/a> to middle-income earners as part of a broader push to make the city affordable for families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Mayor Daniel Lurie announced that a family of four making less than $234,000 a year can get free child care, and starting in July, those earning up to $312,000 annually will qualify for a \u003ca href=\"https://provider.sfdec.org/wp-content/uploads/ELFA-Center-FCC-Rates-FY25-26.pdf\">50% discount\u003c/a>. The changes put San Francisco ahead of other major cities in offering nearly universal access to child care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071945\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play at an in-home child care business called Daycare Bumblebee in San Francisco on Jan. 30, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Up to 12,000 kids under age 5 will be eligible for the newly expanded subsidies — though fewer than half are expected to enroll — paid by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11948690/business-tax-provides-crucial-funding-for-early-childhood-education-and-care-in-san-francisco\">funds from Baby Prop C, a 3.5% tax on commercial property leases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are excited and have a lot of questions,” said Mark Ryle, CEO of Wu Yee Children’s Services, an agency contracted by the city to refer families who qualify for subsidies to child care providers with available spaces. “We’ve seen a pretty significant uptick in inquiries around the tuition credit program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some families are discovering, though, that getting public funding for child care comes with a catch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>The early years matter. Tell us what you want to learn about early childhood education and care by \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://survey.alchemer.com/s3/8658266/ChildhoodAudience\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>clicking here\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>When Danielle Eichenbaum learned she qualified for the city’s subsidized child care, her toddler was already enrolled in Daycare Bumblebee in the West Portal neighborhood. She wanted him to stay — not only with the caregivers he already bonded with, but because they were teaching him Russian and exposing him to music, karate and other enriching activities.[aside postID=news_12069711 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260115-SFCHILDCARESUBSIDIES00057_TV-KQED.jpg']But the day care wasn’t part of the city-funded network, called Early Learning for All, or ELFA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I cried when we left. It was such a wonderful program,” she said. “His program now is great, too, but I miss the other one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bumblebee’s owner, Lyuba Schkolnik, decided to join ELFA to help Eichenbaum. But she soon discovered the process could take more than a year, requiring her to complete several early childhood education classes and undergo evaluations to determine if her program meets the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://provider.sfdec.org/wp-content/uploads/Quality-Standard_Updated_052125.pdf\">quality standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schkolnik, who left a marketing career to open her day care, didn’t mind taking the classes and hopes to get in. Joining the network comes with perks: Last year, in-home day care owners like her got $16,000 stipends to help them earn a living wage, and $12,000 to boost their assistants’ pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the fact it takes so long for someone to become a provider within the system is a little bit disheartening because the [expanded subsidies] are supposed to launch shortly, and we want to help families,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other parents expressed frustration over a policy that prohibits placing a deposit to hold space at their preferred day care, which is a standard practice in private-pay programs, where families often compete for scarce infant-care slots. Ryle said this assures fair access for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eichenbaum said that while she understood the system’s equitable goals, she worries the high standards to join ELFA are making it too hard for providers like Schkolnik to participate in the system and for parents like her to get the child care that works for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071946\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071946\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lyuba Shkolnik teaches children how to bake muffins at her in-home child care business called Daycare Bumblebee in San Francisco on Jan. 30, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Their goals are so lofty that they don’t look at the real-world impact,” she said. “They are letting the perfect be the enemy of the good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside City Hall, two members of the Board of Supervisors want the early childhood department to speed things up for providers who want to join ELFA. They worry that when the subsidies expand, the waitlist for child care will grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do I want to go faster than they probably feel comfortable with? Of course I do,” Supervisor Stephen Sherrill said. “I think we can expand the system without sacrificing quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Myrna Melgar said she’d like to see a simpler and more accessible system.[aside postID=news_12070762 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/240911-CHILDCARE-REAX-MD-01_qed.jpg']“There are multiple things that go into the decision to pick a provider. It’s how you feel. Sometimes it’s cultural and language competence, sometimes it is proximity to your home or work. And so on top of it, to layer a bunch of other things for eligibility, it makes it difficult and complicated,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingrid Mezquita, director of the Department of Early Childhood, said the city is carefully building out the system, adding more ELFA sites and infant and toddler care slots in neighborhoods that need them most. Depending on their qualifications, she said, some providers can “easily whisk through in less than three months and some programs may take a little longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to have those kinds of quality assurances because, at the end of the day, our accountability and our responsibility is to that child and to that family and the programs that do come on board and do enroll in this public funding support also prescribe to that and have that shared accountability with us,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past three years, the city used unspent funds that accrued when it was fighting a taxpayer group’s lawsuit over Baby Prop C to clear the waitlist for lower-income families who needed child care, boost wages for more than 3,000 early educators, who have historically been underpaid, and support their professional development. Those funds are expected to run out in six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the city-funded child care programs are serving more than 9,000 kids, have a lower staff turnover rate than the state average, and children’s kindergarten readiness has gone up, Mezquita said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071947\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071947\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shoes line a cubby at Daycare Bumblebee in San Francisco on Jan. 30, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About 700 children are currently on the wait list for care, though there are about 1,000 available spaces. One reason for the discrepancy is that there aren’t enough infant- and toddler-care slots to meet demand, or the open slots don’t match families’ preferred schedule, location or language, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have expanded access, but the only thing that is a little bit of an art and a science — mostly art — to pinpoint is the preferences of families,” she said at a recent Board of Supervisors hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Early Childhood estimates that ongoing revenue from the commercial rent tax can pay for the expanded subsidies. But the department cautions that it may not cover the program’s full cost down the road if the commercial real estate market softens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said she’s hopeful San Francisco’s experiment will demonstrate that it can be scaled up and funded with state dollars. The city was first to offer free preschool for 4-year-olds in 2005, and this year, California expanded transitional kindergarten for all children who turn 4 by Sept. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are building a universal system. How we’re designing it is also taking into account that eventually, yes, we also need the partnership with the state to be able to not only expand it, but also make it widely available,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The prospect of getting financial aid made him think they could raise three kids in the city. But he may need to brace for some snags when he starts looking for child care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under guidelines set by the city Department of Early Childhood, income-eligible families can only select from nearly 600 child care programs within a pre-approved network. That might limit parents’ choices at a time when San Francisco is \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12069711/san-francisco-expands-child-care-subsidies-to-tackle-affordability-issues\">expanding child care subsidies\u003c/a> to middle-income earners as part of a broader push to make the city affordable for families.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Last month, Mayor Daniel Lurie announced that a family of four making less than $234,000 a year can get free child care, and starting in July, those earning up to $312,000 annually will qualify for a \u003ca href=\"https://provider.sfdec.org/wp-content/uploads/ELFA-Center-FCC-Rates-FY25-26.pdf\">50% discount\u003c/a>. The changes put San Francisco ahead of other major cities in offering nearly universal access to child care.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071945\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071945\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00075_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Children play at an in-home child care business called Daycare Bumblebee in San Francisco on Jan. 30, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Up to 12,000 kids under age 5 will be eligible for the newly expanded subsidies — though fewer than half are expected to enroll — paid by \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/11948690/business-tax-provides-crucial-funding-for-early-childhood-education-and-care-in-san-francisco\">funds from Baby Prop C, a 3.5% tax on commercial property leases\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“A lot of people are excited and have a lot of questions,” said Mark Ryle, CEO of Wu Yee Children’s Services, an agency contracted by the city to refer families who qualify for subsidies to child care providers with available spaces. “We’ve seen a pretty significant uptick in inquiries around the tuition credit program.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some families are discovering, though, that getting public funding for child care comes with a catch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>The early years matter. Tell us what you want to learn about early childhood education and care by \u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003ca href=\"https://survey.alchemer.com/s3/8658266/ChildhoodAudience\">\u003cstrong>\u003cem>clicking here\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/a>\u003cstrong>\u003cem>.\u003c/em>\u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>When Danielle Eichenbaum learned she qualified for the city’s subsidized child care, her toddler was already enrolled in Daycare Bumblebee in the West Portal neighborhood. She wanted him to stay — not only with the caregivers he already bonded with, but because they were teaching him Russian and exposing him to music, karate and other enriching activities.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>But the day care wasn’t part of the city-funded network, called Early Learning for All, or ELFA.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I cried when we left. It was such a wonderful program,” she said. “His program now is great, too, but I miss the other one.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Bumblebee’s owner, Lyuba Schkolnik, decided to join ELFA to help Eichenbaum. But she soon discovered the process could take more than a year, requiring her to complete several early childhood education classes and undergo evaluations to determine if her program meets the city’s \u003ca href=\"https://provider.sfdec.org/wp-content/uploads/Quality-Standard_Updated_052125.pdf\">quality standards\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Schkolnik, who left a marketing career to open her day care, didn’t mind taking the classes and hopes to get in. Joining the network comes with perks: Last year, in-home day care owners like her got $16,000 stipends to help them earn a living wage, and $12,000 to boost their assistants’ pay.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“But the fact it takes so long for someone to become a provider within the system is a little bit disheartening because the [expanded subsidies] are supposed to launch shortly, and we want to help families,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Other parents expressed frustration over a policy that prohibits placing a deposit to hold space at their preferred day care, which is a standard practice in private-pay programs, where families often compete for scarce infant-care slots. Ryle said this assures fair access for everyone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Eichenbaum said that while she understood the system’s equitable goals, she worries the high standards to join ELFA are making it too hard for providers like Schkolnik to participate in the system and for parents like her to get the child care that works for them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071946\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071946\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00137_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Lyuba Shkolnik teaches children how to bake muffins at her in-home child care business called Daycare Bumblebee in San Francisco on Jan. 30, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Their goals are so lofty that they don’t look at the real-world impact,” she said. “They are letting the perfect be the enemy of the good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Inside City Hall, two members of the Board of Supervisors want the early childhood department to speed things up for providers who want to join ELFA. They worry that when the subsidies expand, the waitlist for child care will grow.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Do I want to go faster than they probably feel comfortable with? Of course I do,” Supervisor Stephen Sherrill said. “I think we can expand the system without sacrificing quality.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Supervisor Myrna Melgar said she’d like to see a simpler and more accessible system.\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>“There are multiple things that go into the decision to pick a provider. It’s how you feel. Sometimes it’s cultural and language competence, sometimes it is proximity to your home or work. And so on top of it, to layer a bunch of other things for eligibility, it makes it difficult and complicated,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ingrid Mezquita, director of the Department of Early Childhood, said the city is carefully building out the system, adding more ELFA sites and infant and toddler care slots in neighborhoods that need them most. Depending on their qualifications, she said, some providers can “easily whisk through in less than three months and some programs may take a little longer.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We need to have those kinds of quality assurances because, at the end of the day, our accountability and our responsibility is to that child and to that family and the programs that do come on board and do enroll in this public funding support also prescribe to that and have that shared accountability with us,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Over the past three years, the city used unspent funds that accrued when it was fighting a taxpayer group’s lawsuit over Baby Prop C to clear the waitlist for lower-income families who needed child care, boost wages for more than 3,000 early educators, who have historically been underpaid, and support their professional development. Those funds are expected to run out in six years.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As a result, the city-funded child care programs are serving more than 9,000 kids, have a lower staff turnover rate than the state average, and children’s kindergarten readiness has gone up, Mezquita said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12071947\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-12071947\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1333\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260130-SFCHILDCAREACCESS00152_TV-KQED-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Shoes line a cubby at Daycare Bumblebee in San Francisco on Jan. 30, 2026. \u003ccite>(Tâm Vũ/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>About 700 children are currently on the wait list for care, though there are about 1,000 available spaces. One reason for the discrepancy is that there aren’t enough infant- and toddler-care slots to meet demand, or the open slots don’t match families’ preferred schedule, location or language, she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have expanded access, but the only thing that is a little bit of an art and a science — mostly art — to pinpoint is the preferences of families,” she said at a recent Board of Supervisors hearing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Department of Early Childhood estimates that ongoing revenue from the commercial rent tax can pay for the expanded subsidies. But the department cautions that it may not cover the program’s full cost down the road if the commercial real estate market softens.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mezquita said she’s hopeful San Francisco’s experiment will demonstrate that it can be scaled up and funded with state dollars. The city was first to offer free preschool for 4-year-olds in 2005, and this year, California expanded transitional kindergarten for all children who turn 4 by Sept. 1.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We are building a universal system. How we’re designing it is also taking into account that eventually, yes, we also need the partnership with the state to be able to not only expand it, but also make it widely available,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"slug": "san-joses-downtown-has-had-a-strong-recovery-is-it-ready-for-the-super-bowl-surge",
"title": "San José’s Downtown Has Had a Strong Recovery. Is It Ready for the Super Bowl Surge?",
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"headTitle": "San José’s Downtown Has Had a Strong Recovery. Is It Ready for the Super Bowl Surge? | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cp>In the narrow street of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a>’s San Pedro Square, the rhythmic thud of beer kegs hitting the pavement serves as the unofficial countdown to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/super-bowl\">Super Bowl\u003c/a> weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For San José, the coming days are about more than just the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071931/the-super-bowl-\">big game\u003c/a>; they’re a high-stakes test of downtown’s post-pandemic recovery — which outpaced San Francisco and Oakland — and its ability to host a national event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From local kitchens to regional transit command centers, the South Bay is on an emergency operational footing to welcome a massive influx of out-of-town visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scale of preparation is visible across downtown, where security and barricades now mark \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072093/how-the-super-bowl-will-affect-the-south-bay\">street closures\u003c/a> and game-day decorations line bar windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of \u003ca href=\"https://sj26.sanjose.org/the-big-game\">three major events\u003c/a> downtown will be the San Pedro Superfest, a three-day massive street activation for fans to enjoy music, vendors and drink throughout a designated “entertainment zone” that allows businesses to sell to-go alcoholic beverages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the dozens of eateries at the San Pedro Square Market, such as the Old Wagon Saloon and Grill, which has anchored a corner of San Pedro Street for nearly two decades, the weekend requires a doubling of resources. Sonny Walters, the saloon’s owner, said he is preparing for up to a thousand people to pass through his doors each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072764\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072764 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Walters noted that successful management of such a crowd starts in the kitchen, particularly when the menu relies on labor-intensive smoked meats. To keep up with demand for ribs, brisket and pulled pork, Walters plans to start ramping up his smokers early Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has also increased his food and beverage orders to nearly three times his normal weekend volume, and his patio has already been booked for a private event by a massive Seahawks fan club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, the block party is pretty exciting,” Walters said. “It’s going to be foot traffic, a lot of out-of-towners, we get to showcase what we do. We’re hoping that San José is a hub and we get the traffic from Santa Clara to here.”[aside postID=news_12072256 hero='https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/01/260128-SUPERBOWLVENDORS00339_TV-KQED.jpg']A few doors down at Pizza Bocca Lupo, shift lead Charlotte Tavernise said that because the small pizzeria makes every pie to order, there is no way to pre-cook the inventory. Instead, the strategy involves filling every available storage container and ensuring the wood-fired ovens are at peak temperature from open to close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shop expected its heaviest crowds on Friday and Saturday as tourists explore the downtown core before heading toward Levi’s Stadium on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just telling one of my co-workers, let’s prep as though we’re going to get hit by a hurricane, and make sure we use all of the containers, fill everything. Expect it to be just busy, open to close,” Tavernise said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She noted that the shop has doubled its typical staffing levels, even during the mid-afternoon hours that are usually quiet, to ensure a sudden wave of fans doesn’t catch them off guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Burroughs, operations manager at San Pedro Square Market, said this is the first time the area has experimented with an entertainment zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re excited for the potential for that, and allowing guests to go into the activation with their beverage,” Burroughs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072763\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072763 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaxon Moreno prepares pizzas at Pizza Bocca Lupo in San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With over 20 screens dedicated to the game and many entry points to the market, Burroughs has hired extra security and staff. He noted that while the market is used to large crowds because of the nearby SAP Center, the Super Bowl brings a different level of logistical challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is kind of where the market shines, and our merchants here are very, very adept at handling this kind of crowd flow,” Burroughs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The market will also be hosting several private corporate activations throughout the weekend. Burroughs, who has watched the downtown area change over the last 11 years, said the current trajectory of foot traffic suggests the neighborhood is finally reclaiming its pre-pandemic vibrancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072749 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our foot traffic is still increasing year over year,” Burroughs said. “Everything’s going in the right direction as we have seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Managing the movement of these crowds falls largely on the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. VTA spokesperson Stacey Hendler Ross said the agency expects to transport roughly 25,000 fans to and from the stadium on Sunday alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To meet that demand, VTA is adding 22 extra three-car trains to its regular service. Hendler Ross said this represents a significant increase from 2016, when the region hosted Super Bowl 50 and saw roughly half that number of riders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072762 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People in the patio at the San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be awesome. It’s going to be so much easier this time than it was 10 years ago,” Hendler Ross said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the stadium is the primary destination, Hendler Ross noted the plan is designed to support the entire system, especially those traveling to downtown events or connecting to other parts of the Bay Area. She added that the agency is also facilitating travel for fans heading up to San Francisco, as VTA connects with Caltrain in Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VTA will also have 130 “game-day ambassadors” in blue vests stationed at strategic hubs to help out-of-towners navigate the Transit app and the Clipper card system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The one thing that we always remind people about when they’re going to big events anywhere in the city or to the stadium is to try and plan early,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Velazquez, a spokesperson for the city’s Office of Economic Development, noted that while there are over 108,000 public and private parking spots available in the downtown area, with some street closures, the city is encouraging use of public transit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n",
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"excerpt": "For San José, the coming days are about more than just the big game; they’re a high-stakes test of downtown’s post-pandemic recovery.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>In the narrow street of \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/san-jose\">San José\u003c/a>’s San Pedro Square, the rhythmic thud of beer kegs hitting the pavement serves as the unofficial countdown to \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/tag/super-bowl\">Super Bowl\u003c/a> weekend.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For San José, the coming days are about more than just the \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12071931/the-super-bowl-\">big game\u003c/a>; they’re a high-stakes test of downtown’s post-pandemic recovery — which outpaced San Francisco and Oakland — and its ability to host a national event.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>From local kitchens to regional transit command centers, the South Bay is on an emergency operational footing to welcome a massive influx of out-of-town visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The scale of preparation is visible across downtown, where security and barricades now mark \u003ca href=\"https://www.kqed.org/news/12072093/how-the-super-bowl-will-affect-the-south-bay\">street closures\u003c/a> and game-day decorations line bar windows.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of \u003ca href=\"https://sj26.sanjose.org/the-big-game\">three major events\u003c/a> downtown will be the San Pedro Superfest, a three-day massive street activation for fans to enjoy music, vendors and drink throughout a designated “entertainment zone” that allows businesses to sell to-go alcoholic beverages.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the dozens of eateries at the San Pedro Square Market, such as the Old Wagon Saloon and Grill, which has anchored a corner of San Pedro Street for nearly two decades, the weekend requires a doubling of resources. Sonny Walters, the saloon’s owner, said he is preparing for up to a thousand people to pass through his doors each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072764\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072764 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2820-KQED-2-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Walters noted that successful management of such a crowd starts in the kitchen, particularly when the menu relies on labor-intensive smoked meats. To keep up with demand for ribs, brisket and pulled pork, Walters plans to start ramping up his smokers early Saturday morning.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He has also increased his food and beverage orders to nearly three times his normal weekend volume, and his patio has already been booked for a private event by a massive Seahawks fan club.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Honestly, the block party is pretty exciting,” Walters said. “It’s going to be foot traffic, a lot of out-of-towners, we get to showcase what we do. We’re hoping that San José is a hub and we get the traffic from Santa Clara to here.”\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>A few doors down at Pizza Bocca Lupo, shift lead Charlotte Tavernise said that because the small pizzeria makes every pie to order, there is no way to pre-cook the inventory. Instead, the strategy involves filling every available storage container and ensuring the wood-fired ovens are at peak temperature from open to close.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The shop expected its heaviest crowds on Friday and Saturday as tourists explore the downtown core before heading toward Levi’s Stadium on Sunday.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I was just telling one of my co-workers, let’s prep as though we’re going to get hit by a hurricane, and make sure we use all of the containers, fill everything. Expect it to be just busy, open to close,” Tavernise said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She noted that the shop has doubled its typical staffing levels, even during the mid-afternoon hours that are usually quiet, to ensure a sudden wave of fans doesn’t catch them off guard.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Burroughs, operations manager at San Pedro Square Market, said this is the first time the area has experimented with an entertainment zone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re excited for the potential for that, and allowing guests to go into the activation with their beverage,” Burroughs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072763\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072763 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/A79A2670-KQED-2_1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Jaxon Moreno prepares pizzas at Pizza Bocca Lupo in San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>With over 20 screens dedicated to the game and many entry points to the market, Burroughs has hired extra security and staff. He noted that while the market is used to large crowds because of the nearby SAP Center, the Super Bowl brings a different level of logistical challenges.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is kind of where the market shines, and our merchants here are very, very adept at handling this kind of crowd flow,” Burroughs said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The market will also be hosting several private corporate activations throughout the weekend. Burroughs, who has watched the downtown area change over the last 11 years, said the current trajectory of foot traffic suggests the neighborhood is finally reclaiming its pre-pandemic vibrancy.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072749\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072749 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-SOUTH-BAY-VENDORS-MD-04-KQED-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“Our foot traffic is still increasing year over year,” Burroughs said. “Everything’s going in the right direction as we have seen.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Managing the movement of these crowds falls largely on the Santa Clara Valley Transportation Authority. VTA spokesperson Stacey Hendler Ross said the agency expects to transport roughly 25,000 fans to and from the stadium on Sunday alone.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>To meet that demand, VTA is adding 22 extra three-car trains to its regular service. Hendler Ross said this represents a significant increase from 2016, when the region hosted Super Bowl 50 and saw roughly half that number of riders.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_12072762\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 2000px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-12072762 size-full\" src=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2000\" height=\"1334\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1.jpg 2000w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2026/02/260206-South-Bay-Vendors-MD-08-KQED-1-1-1536x1025.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 2000px) 100vw, 2000px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">People in the patio at the San Pedro Square Market in San José on Feb. 6, 2026. \u003ccite>(Martin do Nascimento/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“It’s going to be awesome. It’s going to be so much easier this time than it was 10 years ago,” Hendler Ross said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While the stadium is the primary destination, Hendler Ross noted the plan is designed to support the entire system, especially those traveling to downtown events or connecting to other parts of the Bay Area. She added that the agency is also facilitating travel for fans heading up to San Francisco, as VTA connects with Caltrain in Mountain View.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>VTA will also have 130 “game-day ambassadors” in blue vests stationed at strategic hubs to help out-of-towners navigate the Transit app and the Clipper card system.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The one thing that we always remind people about when they’re going to big events anywhere in the city or to the stadium is to try and plan early,” she said.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Carlos Velazquez, a spokesperson for the city’s Office of Economic Development, noted that while there are over 108,000 public and private parking spots available in the downtown area, with some street closures, the city is encouraging use of public transit.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"mindshift": {
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"order": 12
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
"airtime": "THU 6:30pm-7pm",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
"airtime": "SUN 2pm",
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},
"pri-the-world": {
"id": "pri-the-world",
"title": "PRI's The World: Latest Edition",
"info": "Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.",
"airtime": "MON-FRI 2pm-3pm",
"imageSrc": "https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg",
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},
"radiolab": {
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