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"content": "\u003cp>While tariffs on the steel and agriculture industries have taken center stage in the trade conflict between the U.S. and China, that conflict has quietly moved into another less visible sector. It’s greatly disrupted the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is coming to the end of a 30-day suspension on all recycling going to China. But China has set some new rules about what can be recycled going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new policies are already affecting businesses, but over time they could impact residents and city governments and even undermine state environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recyclables Pile Up\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Among the warehouses and distribution centers in south Fresno, the calls of egrets, herons and great horned owls may seem a little out of place. But they serve a purpose: This is a transfer station for Mid Valley Disposal, one of the biggest trash and recycling collectors in the San Joaquin Valley, and these recordings of bird calls help keep pests out of scrap materials trucked in each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph Kalpakoff, president of Mid Valley Disposal, says pest control is especially important now, because his property is filling up fast. He points to a wall of paper bales around 10 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re probably looking at a couple hundred tons of mixed paper in just this part of the parking lot,” he says. Six months ago, it would have been empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers.’\u003ccite>Joseph Kalpakoff\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These bales are the final product made from the bottles, cans and cardboard boxes left at the curbside by hundreds of thousands of residents of Fresno and three surrounding counties. They’ve been sorted and separated by a maze of conveyor belts, fast-moving machines and human pickers, and ultimately binned and baled into the cubes stacked in front of Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says his transfer station used to move out bales like this within just a few days — but now hundreds of them are sprinkled throughout the property, in empty corners and unused parking lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers,” says Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Because a new policy in China leaves huge amounts of the U.S.’s recyclables without a destination. Stockpiling them is one option, but permits limit how many bales can be stacked. If Kalpakoff hits that ceiling, he may have to start sending his recyclables to landfills — something some other companies have already resorted to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671267\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-800x580.jpg\" alt=\"Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-240x174.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-375x272.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-520x377.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some Central Valley cities are responding by raising fees, and running recycling outreach campaigns. “Yeah, It’s a challenge,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge for not only us, but the entire industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. prides itself that it recycles about a third of its solid waste. California set an ambitious goal to recycle 75 percent of its waste by 2020. But the U.S. can’t process all that material, so we ship a huge amount overseas. The biggest importer is China, which takes about a third of our scrap materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that changed in March, when China cracked down on contamination — basically unwanted material — like the plastic bags, hubcaps and flip-flops I watch sorters pull off a conveyor belt. China dropped its acceptable contamination rate dramatically from 7 percent of each bale to just half a percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The contamination level that’s coming in on the curbside is averaging between 30 and 40 percent right now,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge to make that 0.5 percent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy also banned 24 products, mostly paper and plastics. On May 4, China stopped importing all U.S. recycling for 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why such big changes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese government claims it’s a push for the environment. These policies arose from a program loosely translated as “National Sword,” which aims to cut down on imports of foreign waste. Adina Adler of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries says recycling wasn’t the main target, but it became a casualty. She says while the policies themselves aren’t unreasonable, they were made without consulting the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they’re done without an understanding of what is the existing recycling technology and how it can produce and to what tolerances,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671273\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671273\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China's new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1180x816.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-960x664.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China’s new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley Disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>How China’s Policies Could Make California Cities Run Afoul of State Law\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>China’s environmental bent began years ago. But Kate O’Neill, a professor of environmental science and policy at UC Berkeley, says the most recent move (the ban starting on May 4) certainly had suspicious timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the latest has to do more with the current tensions over trade with the Trump administration,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These policies have consequences beyond just recycling companies. In California, if too many recyclables end up in landfills, entire cities could end up in violation of state laws that require waste to be diverted away from dumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Neill says this is an opportunity to redesign the entire recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means they have to get a lot more creative and really start pushing for better infrastructure at home to recycle a lot of the paper and plastic that we produce,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some public agencies are already making changes. Bakersfield has proposed increasing recycling fees, in part because of China’s new policies. Starting in June, Fresno will be re-educating residents on what’s recyclable and what’s not. The state agency Cal Recycle is encouraging regulators to loosen restrictions on how many bales recycling companies like Mid Valley can stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>None of these, however, are fast enough for Joseph Kalpakoff. He’s worried about the future. But he has at least one idea: He may buy more bird calls to keep the critters out of his growing stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>While tariffs on the steel and agriculture industries have taken center stage in the trade conflict between the U.S. and China, that conflict has quietly moved into another less visible sector. It’s greatly disrupted the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. is coming to the end of a 30-day suspension on all recycling going to China. But China has set some new rules about what can be recycled going forward.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those new policies are already affecting businesses, but over time they could impact residents and city governments and even undermine state environmental policy.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch3>Recyclables Pile Up\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>Among the warehouses and distribution centers in south Fresno, the calls of egrets, herons and great horned owls may seem a little out of place. But they serve a purpose: This is a transfer station for Mid Valley Disposal, one of the biggest trash and recycling collectors in the San Joaquin Valley, and these recordings of bird calls help keep pests out of scrap materials trucked in each day.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Joseph Kalpakoff, president of Mid Valley Disposal, says pest control is especially important now, because his property is filling up fast. He points to a wall of paper bales around 10 feet high.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You’re probably looking at a couple hundred tons of mixed paper in just this part of the parking lot,” he says. Six months ago, it would have been empty.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers.’\u003ccite>Joseph Kalpakoff\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>These bales are the final product made from the bottles, cans and cardboard boxes left at the curbside by hundreds of thousands of residents of Fresno and three surrounding counties. They’ve been sorted and separated by a maze of conveyor belts, fast-moving machines and human pickers, and ultimately binned and baled into the cubes stacked in front of Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says his transfer station used to move out bales like this within just a few days — but now hundreds of them are sprinkled throughout the property, in empty corners and unused parking lots.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Right now the market is upset, and it’s upside-down for recyclers,” says Kalpakoff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why? Because a new policy in China leaves huge amounts of the U.S.’s recyclables without a destination. Stockpiling them is one option, but permits limit how many bales can be stacked. If Kalpakoff hits that ceiling, he may have to start sending his recyclables to landfills — something some other companies have already resorted to.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671267\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671267\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-800x580.jpg\" alt=\"Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them.\" width=\"800\" height=\"580\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-160x116.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-240x174.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-375x272.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/ValleyRecyclingMain-520x377.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Restrictions on imports of recyclables into China have left recycling companies scrambling to find space to stockpile materials while they find new destinations for them. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Some Central Valley cities are responding by raising fees, and running recycling outreach campaigns. “Yeah, It’s a challenge,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge for not only us, but the entire industry.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The U.S. prides itself that it recycles about a third of its solid waste. California set an ambitious goal to recycle 75 percent of its waste by 2020. But the U.S. can’t process all that material, so we ship a huge amount overseas. The biggest importer is China, which takes about a third of our scrap materials.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But that changed in March, when China cracked down on contamination — basically unwanted material — like the plastic bags, hubcaps and flip-flops I watch sorters pull off a conveyor belt. China dropped its acceptable contamination rate dramatically from 7 percent of each bale to just half a percent.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The contamination level that’s coming in on the curbside is averaging between 30 and 40 percent right now,” Kalpakoff says. “It’s a challenge to make that 0.5 percent.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The new policy also banned 24 products, mostly paper and plastics. On May 4, China stopped importing all U.S. recycling for 30 days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Why such big changes?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Chinese government claims it’s a push for the environment. These policies arose from a program loosely translated as “National Sword,” which aims to cut down on imports of foreign waste. Adina Adler of the Institute of Scrap Recycling Industries says recycling wasn’t the main target, but it became a casualty. She says while the policies themselves aren’t unreasonable, they were made without consulting the recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“So they’re done without an understanding of what is the existing recycling technology and how it can produce and to what tolerances,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11671273\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11671273\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg\" alt=\"Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China's new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills.\" width=\"800\" height=\"553\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-800x553.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales.jpg 1200w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-1180x816.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-960x664.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-375x259.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/RecyclingBales-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Permits limit how many bales can be stored at recycling facilities. With China’s new 30-day ban on all U.S. recyclables, Joseph Kalpakoff worries that Mid Valley Disposal could reach that limit and need to start sending bales to landfills. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch3>How China’s Policies Could Make California Cities Run Afoul of State Law\u003c/h3>\n\u003cp>China’s environmental bent began years ago. But Kate O’Neill, a professor of environmental science and policy at UC Berkeley, says the most recent move (the ban starting on May 4) certainly had suspicious timing.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I think the latest has to do more with the current tensions over trade with the Trump administration,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These policies have consequences beyond just recycling companies. In California, if too many recyclables end up in landfills, entire cities could end up in violation of state laws that require waste to be diverted away from dumps.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>O’Neill says this is an opportunity to redesign the entire recycling industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It means they have to get a lot more creative and really start pushing for better infrastructure at home to recycle a lot of the paper and plastic that we produce,” she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Some public agencies are already making changes. Bakersfield has proposed increasing recycling fees, in part because of China’s new policies. Starting in June, Fresno will be re-educating residents on what’s recyclable and what’s not. The state agency Cal Recycle is encouraging regulators to loosen restrictions on how many bales recycling companies like Mid Valley can stockpile.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cp>This year marks the 170th anniversary of the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill, north of Sacramento. The legacy of the Gold Rush is inescapable in Northern California, particularly in Mariposa County. It’s visible in mining museums, at roadside historical sites and in county buildings on Bullion Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What hasn’t persisted in this region is gold mining itself. But one Canadian company wants to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Long works on a few thousand acres in the Mariposa County foothills. He doesn’t have to go far to be reminded of the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve recovered old wheelbarrows, old shovels and picks, steel lunchboxes, old ore carts,” he says. “There was even a bit of railway track where they used to push through carts of rock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 170 years, Long is here to reignite this historic industry. He’s the exploration manager for Fremont Gold Mining, a small company prospecting for gold on a hillside overlooking Lake McClure. Inside a warehouse, geologists examine rock samples, and outside, another cuts rock with a saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the goal is to have a mine and to create good jobs for people throughout the county, throughout the state,” Long says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Gold’s property lies along the famed Mother Lode Gold Belt, which stretches 120 miles from Mariposa north into El Dorado County. Since the 1840s, it’s been home to hundreds of gold mines that have extracted millions of ounces of the mineral. By some estimates, however, literally tons of gold still lie buried here. Fremont Gold hopes to make those potential resources a reality — but history suggests it’s likely to face an uphill battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659646\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11659646\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-800x554.jpg\" alt=\"Despite the name, Fremont Gold Mining is an exploration company, completing many years of surveying, sampling and drilling before deciding whether a mine could be economically feasible.\" width=\"800\" height=\"554\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-800x554.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-1180x817.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-960x665.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-375x260.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Despite the name, Fremont Gold Mining is an exploration company, completing many years of surveying, sampling and drilling before deciding whether a mine could be economically feasible. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To be clear, Fremont Gold Mining is not actually mining. It’s exploring. Its job is to determine how much gold its property contains, which involves surveying, sampling and drilling. After exploring a quarter of its property, the company estimates it has already defined close to 900,000 ounces of gold — far more than what was already extracted during 100 years of mining on the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If so much gold remains in the hills here, exploration companies must be stampeding back to the Mother Lode, right? Nope. Throughout the five counties containing the gold belt, only one gold mine is active, and only intermittently. Other exploration projects have folded, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Clinkenbeard with the California Geological Survey says that’s because the mineral itself is only one component of an economical operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gold production increases and decreases with the economy and with wars,” he says. “A whole lot of things influence what happened [since the Gold Rush].”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘[In the 19th century] you simply mined, and then when you were done you walked away, and you left the land with significant scars and in some cases … public hazards.’\u003ccite>Pat Perez, California Department of Conservation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Although the price of gold has dropped from its peak in 2012, after inflation it’s still about 2.5 times higher than its value in the 1840s. But gold operations themselves have become much pricier since then, with more advanced technology and higher labor costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vishal Gupta is CEO of California Gold Mining, the Canadian company that owns Fremont Gold. He says another reason gold mining slowed is because this is California, ground zero for environmentalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I won’t say there was a moratorium on any gold mining since the Second World War,” he says, “but it had become increasingly difficult for gold and other commodity-based companies to do any sort of a business within the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Perez, with the California Department of Conservation, says that’s for good reason. In the 19th century, long before the California Environmental Quality Act and the Surface Mining and Reclamation Act, environmental accountability simply wasn’t a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You simply mined, and then when you were done you walked away, and you left the land with significant scars and in some cases environmental challenges and public hazards,” Perez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659693\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11659693\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mariposa County resident Les Overstreet is concerned about the socioeconomic and environmental impacts a mine would have, and doesn't want the environmental negligence of the gold rush era.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mariposa County resident Les Overstreet is concerned about the socioeconomic and environmental impacts a mine would have, and doesn’t want the environmental negligence of the Gold Rush era. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mariposa County officials, who handle local permitting, are well aware of those scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associate planner Steve Engfer points to many practices he hopes remain in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was “hydraulic mining, where they would mine whole mountainsides and all the silt and everything just washes downstream, river amalgamation processes where there were chemicals involved that weren’t as regulated as we would have today,” he says. And there were many others. Engfer believes with diligence, gold mining can be both environmentally responsible and a driver of economic growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County resident Les Overstreet isn’t convinced either is true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He lives a few miles away from the Fremont Gold site and says he plans to push back against any plans to develop a mine. He worries about how it could strain local infrastructure and water resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s going to happen environmentally to the wild and scenic Merced River, and then also the lake?” he asks. “It’d be very difficult to keep things like surfactants out the lake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Gold expects to spend another few years drilling and surveying. A mine would be many years further down the road, after more permitting and opportunity for public comment.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A Canadian company estimates there’s far more gold still in a piece of property in Mariposa County than what was extracted during 100 years of mining there.",
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"title": "There’s (Still) Gold in These California Hills, But Mining It Again Isn't Simple | KQED",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This year marks the 170th anniversary of the discovery of gold at Sutter’s Mill, north of Sacramento. The legacy of the Gold Rush is inescapable in Northern California, particularly in Mariposa County. It’s visible in mining museums, at roadside historical sites and in county buildings on Bullion Street.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>What hasn’t persisted in this region is gold mining itself. But one Canadian company wants to change that.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sam Long works on a few thousand acres in the Mariposa County foothills. He doesn’t have to go far to be reminded of the Gold Rush.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve recovered old wheelbarrows, old shovels and picks, steel lunchboxes, old ore carts,” he says. “There was even a bit of railway track where they used to push through carts of rock.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After 170 years, Long is here to reignite this historic industry. He’s the exploration manager for Fremont Gold Mining, a small company prospecting for gold on a hillside overlooking Lake McClure. Inside a warehouse, geologists examine rock samples, and outside, another cuts rock with a saw.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Ultimately the goal is to have a mine and to create good jobs for people throughout the county, throughout the state,” Long says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Gold’s property lies along the famed Mother Lode Gold Belt, which stretches 120 miles from Mariposa north into El Dorado County. Since the 1840s, it’s been home to hundreds of gold mines that have extracted millions of ounces of the mineral. By some estimates, however, literally tons of gold still lie buried here. Fremont Gold hopes to make those potential resources a reality — but history suggests it’s likely to face an uphill battle.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659646\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein.jpg\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11659646\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-800x554.jpg\" alt=\"Despite the name, Fremont Gold Mining is an exploration company, completing many years of surveying, sampling and drilling before deciding whether a mine could be economically feasible.\" width=\"800\" height=\"554\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-800x554.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-160x111.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-1020x706.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-1180x817.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-960x665.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-240x166.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-375x260.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/GoldMiningKlein-520x360.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Despite the name, Fremont Gold Mining is an exploration company, completing many years of surveying, sampling and drilling before deciding whether a mine could be economically feasible. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>To be clear, Fremont Gold Mining is not actually mining. It’s exploring. Its job is to determine how much gold its property contains, which involves surveying, sampling and drilling. After exploring a quarter of its property, the company estimates it has already defined close to 900,000 ounces of gold — far more than what was already extracted during 100 years of mining on the property.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If so much gold remains in the hills here, exploration companies must be stampeding back to the Mother Lode, right? Nope. Throughout the five counties containing the gold belt, only one gold mine is active, and only intermittently. Other exploration projects have folded, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>John Clinkenbeard with the California Geological Survey says that’s because the mineral itself is only one component of an economical operation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Gold production increases and decreases with the economy and with wars,” he says. “A whole lot of things influence what happened [since the Gold Rush].”\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘[In the 19th century] you simply mined, and then when you were done you walked away, and you left the land with significant scars and in some cases … public hazards.’\u003ccite>Pat Perez, California Department of Conservation\u003c/cite>\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>Although the price of gold has dropped from its peak in 2012, after inflation it’s still about 2.5 times higher than its value in the 1840s. But gold operations themselves have become much pricier since then, with more advanced technology and higher labor costs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Vishal Gupta is CEO of California Gold Mining, the Canadian company that owns Fremont Gold. He says another reason gold mining slowed is because this is California, ground zero for environmentalism.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I won’t say there was a moratorium on any gold mining since the Second World War,” he says, “but it had become increasingly difficult for gold and other commodity-based companies to do any sort of a business within the state.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Pat Perez, with the California Department of Conservation, says that’s for good reason. In the 19th century, long before the California Environmental Quality Act and the Surface Mining and Reclamation Act, environmental accountability simply wasn’t a priority.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You simply mined, and then when you were done you walked away, and you left the land with significant scars and in some cases environmental challenges and public hazards,” Perez says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11659693\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11659693\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-800x600.jpg\" alt=\"Mariposa County resident Les Overstreet is concerned about the socioeconomic and environmental impacts a mine would have, and doesn't want the environmental negligence of the gold rush era.\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-800x600.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-160x120.jpg 160w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-1180x885.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-960x720.jpg 960w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-240x180.jpg 240w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-375x281.jpg 375w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/04/MariposaGoldOverstreet-520x390.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Mariposa County resident Les Overstreet is concerned about the socioeconomic and environmental impacts a mine would have, and doesn’t want the environmental negligence of the Gold Rush era. \u003ccite>(Kerry Klein/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Mariposa County officials, who handle local permitting, are well aware of those scars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Associate planner Steve Engfer points to many practices he hopes remain in the past.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was “hydraulic mining, where they would mine whole mountainsides and all the silt and everything just washes downstream, river amalgamation processes where there were chemicals involved that weren’t as regulated as we would have today,” he says. And there were many others. Engfer believes with diligence, gold mining can be both environmentally responsible and a driver of economic growth.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>County resident Les Overstreet isn’t convinced either is true.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He lives a few miles away from the Fremont Gold site and says he plans to push back against any plans to develop a mine. He worries about how it could strain local infrastructure and water resources.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“What’s going to happen environmentally to the wild and scenic Merced River, and then also the lake?” he asks. “It’d be very difficult to keep things like surfactants out the lake.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fremont Gold expects to spend another few years drilling and surveying. A mine would be many years further down the road, after more permitting and opportunity for public comment.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "As Short-Term Rentals Boom, Homelessness Remains a Problem Near Yosemite",
"title": "As Short-Term Rentals Boom, Homelessness Remains a Problem Near Yosemite",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>When people think of homelessness, they often think of cities like Fresno or Los Angeles. But in the mountains of Madera County, it's a lingering problem. And as the short-term rental market grows, some fear the housing shortage in the communities just outside Yosemite National Park will only get worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serenity Village is a seven-unit affordable apartment complex in Oakhurst, 14 miles south of the entrance to Yosemite. It's targeted at helping homeless people get back on their feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything is furnished when they move in,” says Jody Ketcheside, who oversees a number of government-run homeless facilities in Madera and Fresno counties, including Serenity Village. \"There’s a microwave, there’s a dining table, couches, a bed, nightstand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ketcheside says every week her team has to turn away homeless people, due to a program requirement that states a person must be homeless for a year and have a disability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"eWSF8jiSzCTvFYfyrPvHN6iDSCZx7iF1\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The case manager for this particular program is seeing more people that haven’t been on the streets longer than a year,” says Ketcheside. \"That’s somebody new then from when we counted in 2016. She has to tell them what nobody ever wants to tell anyone. They haven’t been homeless long enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She blames the lack of affordable housing and jobs in the region. When her team can’t help they often point homeless people to Matt Mellon with Sierra Vista Presbyterian Church in Oakhurst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mellon runs a ministry that employs homeless people for $10 an hour, for up to 12 hours a week. He says homeless people are attracted to Oakhurst because of the ease of life here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hear of people who have been on the street down in Bakersfield or Fresno and they come here because they feel like they don’t have to worry as much about getting in fights or having somebody attack them in the middle of the night,” says Mellon. “The drawback is that we have fewer resources to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11628522\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11628522\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-800x562.jpg\" alt=\"Matt Mellon runs the Jubilee Ministry in Oakhurst. They hire homeless people for up to 12 hours a week at $10 an hour.\" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-800x562.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-1020x717.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-1180x829.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-960x675.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-240x169.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-375x263.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-520x365.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Mellon runs the Jubilee Ministry in Oakhurst. They hire homeless people for up to 12 hours a week at $10 an hour. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The people the church hires for the Jubilee Ministry answer calls, clean the church and keep the acreage around the church fire-ready. Mellon says he is beginning to see families become affected by the lack of affordable housing. He says one family lost their home when the owner sold it and it was converted it into a short-term rental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were evicted and now they have nowhere to go,” says Mellon. “They were living in a tent trailer for a while. Now they have to move off that property. They have a little girl who is 6 years old. She’s in first grade right now. They’re trying to [figure out] how do I be homeless with a first-grader.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mellon is in a bind himself. He can’t find a rental in Oakhurst, so he commutes from Fresno. Justin Bales just began his first week back at the Jubilee Ministry. He moved back to Oakhurst after spending time in jail and a period of being homeless in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"ZGVcAyZvxyAKxZG2NMSr9aRKHr8kbSj2\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like a little slice of heaven, I’ll be honest to you,” says Bales. “I’ve been all around California -- Sacramento, L.A., Fresno. In Bakersfield I was in the mission, and it was as ghetto as can be. People shooting up drugs right outside the gate. You don’t see that right here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bales isn’t couch surfing, he’s living on the streets. He’s looking for a more permanent job, and even though work is scarce, he says he wanted to move home near family. He says the community needs more services for the homeless population, such as a shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You get out on the streets and you’re like, OK, even if I’m not a drug user you end up using drugs because you’re going to be cold at night. But if you’re using drugs you’re going to be warm at night,” says Bales. “I really wish Madera County would open up some kind of shelter for people that tried.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11628529\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11628529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Justin Bales has been homeless off and on for about a decade. He recently landed back in Oakhurst and is couch surfing.\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-1180x811.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-960x660.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-520x357.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Justin Bales has been homeless off and on for about a decade. He recently landed back in Oakhurst and is couch surfing. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So is the homeless problem getting worse because of the short-term rentals? It's hard to get a definitive answer, but there is a long-term rental shortage in the area. Everyone I spoke with says they’ve noticed new homeless faces in the area, but the actual number hasn’t officially grown. In 2016, 43 homeless people were counted in the Oakhurst area, but that number dropped to around 35 in this year’s count. Officials say the number is low because there weren’t many volunteers this year for the 2017 count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Tom Nicolulis with Manna House -- a food pantry, free thrift shop and job training facility in Oakhurst -- doesn’t think the homeless problem is large enough in the area for a shelter. Even though his ministry served over 35,000 families last year, he doesn’t think rental issues are creating widespread homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"R7O54hm5VDr8dHcP8oWCpKWZ5Z6NUnKQ\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to be ignorant to the fact that it could generate some homelessness because I’ve already seen it happen,” Nicolulis says. “As long as we have humanity on Earth we are going to have a homeless population. Every town across the nation has a homeless population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether or not the homeless situation in the region is growing, life is still not easy for people on the streets. For example, people like Michael Clay. We met at the New Community Unitarian Methodist Church of Oakhurst for a dinner serving the homeless population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clay isn’t sure if the homeless population is growing in the area, but he says that in his seven months of being homeless, this time around he’s noticed new homeless people in the area. He sleeps in a graveyard to hide from homeless people he thinks will harm him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m basically now running around with two pairs of clothes and a tarp and blanket,” says Clay. “I’m mostly frustrated because I do have a disability and the means to pay for an apartment, but I’m being harried all up and down Highway 41 by other homeless people and they keep moving in from different areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clay is on two waitlists for affordable apartments in Oakhurst, but he says he isn’t banking on a unit becoming available anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Homelessness is a lingering problem in the mountains of Madera County -- and some fear it will grow with an increasingly severe housing shortage.",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>When people think of homelessness, they often think of cities like Fresno or Los Angeles. But in the mountains of Madera County, it's a lingering problem. And as the short-term rental market grows, some fear the housing shortage in the communities just outside Yosemite National Park will only get worse.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Serenity Village is a seven-unit affordable apartment complex in Oakhurst, 14 miles south of the entrance to Yosemite. It's targeted at helping homeless people get back on their feet.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Everything is furnished when they move in,” says Jody Ketcheside, who oversees a number of government-run homeless facilities in Madera and Fresno counties, including Serenity Village. \"There’s a microwave, there’s a dining table, couches, a bed, nightstand.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ketcheside says every week her team has to turn away homeless people, due to a program requirement that states a person must be homeless for a year and have a disability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The case manager for this particular program is seeing more people that haven’t been on the streets longer than a year,” says Ketcheside. \"That’s somebody new then from when we counted in 2016. She has to tell them what nobody ever wants to tell anyone. They haven’t been homeless long enough.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She blames the lack of affordable housing and jobs in the region. When her team can’t help they often point homeless people to Matt Mellon with Sierra Vista Presbyterian Church in Oakhurst.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mellon runs a ministry that employs homeless people for $10 an hour, for up to 12 hours a week. He says homeless people are attracted to Oakhurst because of the ease of life here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We hear of people who have been on the street down in Bakersfield or Fresno and they come here because they feel like they don’t have to worry as much about getting in fights or having somebody attack them in the middle of the night,” says Mellon. “The drawback is that we have fewer resources to help.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11628522\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11628522\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-800x562.jpg\" alt=\"Matt Mellon runs the Jubilee Ministry in Oakhurst. They hire homeless people for up to 12 hours a week at $10 an hour.\" width=\"800\" height=\"562\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-800x562.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-160x112.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-1020x717.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-1180x829.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-960x675.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-240x169.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-375x263.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/MattMellon-520x365.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Mellon runs the Jubilee Ministry in Oakhurst. They hire homeless people for up to 12 hours a week at $10 an hour. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The people the church hires for the Jubilee Ministry answer calls, clean the church and keep the acreage around the church fire-ready. Mellon says he is beginning to see families become affected by the lack of affordable housing. He says one family lost their home when the owner sold it and it was converted it into a short-term rental.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were evicted and now they have nowhere to go,” says Mellon. “They were living in a tent trailer for a while. Now they have to move off that property. They have a little girl who is 6 years old. She’s in first grade right now. They’re trying to [figure out] how do I be homeless with a first-grader.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Mellon is in a bind himself. He can’t find a rental in Oakhurst, so he commutes from Fresno. Justin Bales just began his first week back at the Jubilee Ministry. He moved back to Oakhurst after spending time in jail and a period of being homeless in Bakersfield.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“This is like a little slice of heaven, I’ll be honest to you,” says Bales. “I’ve been all around California -- Sacramento, L.A., Fresno. In Bakersfield I was in the mission, and it was as ghetto as can be. People shooting up drugs right outside the gate. You don’t see that right here.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When Bales isn’t couch surfing, he’s living on the streets. He’s looking for a more permanent job, and even though work is scarce, he says he wanted to move home near family. He says the community needs more services for the homeless population, such as a shelter.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You get out on the streets and you’re like, OK, even if I’m not a drug user you end up using drugs because you’re going to be cold at night. But if you’re using drugs you’re going to be warm at night,” says Bales. “I really wish Madera County would open up some kind of shelter for people that tried.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11628529\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11628529\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-800x550.jpg\" alt=\"Justin Bales has been homeless off and on for about a decade. He recently landed back in Oakhurst and is couch surfing.\" width=\"800\" height=\"550\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-800x550.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-1020x701.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-1180x811.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-960x660.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-240x165.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-375x258.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/11/JBales-520x357.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Justin Bales has been homeless off and on for about a decade. He recently landed back in Oakhurst and is couch surfing. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>So is the homeless problem getting worse because of the short-term rentals? It's hard to get a definitive answer, but there is a long-term rental shortage in the area. Everyone I spoke with says they’ve noticed new homeless faces in the area, but the actual number hasn’t officially grown. In 2016, 43 homeless people were counted in the Oakhurst area, but that number dropped to around 35 in this year’s count. Officials say the number is low because there weren’t many volunteers this year for the 2017 count.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, Tom Nicolulis with Manna House -- a food pantry, free thrift shop and job training facility in Oakhurst -- doesn’t think the homeless problem is large enough in the area for a shelter. Even though his ministry served over 35,000 families last year, he doesn’t think rental issues are creating widespread homelessness.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m not going to be ignorant to the fact that it could generate some homelessness because I’ve already seen it happen,” Nicolulis says. “As long as we have humanity on Earth we are going to have a homeless population. Every town across the nation has a homeless population.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Whether or not the homeless situation in the region is growing, life is still not easy for people on the streets. For example, people like Michael Clay. We met at the New Community Unitarian Methodist Church of Oakhurst for a dinner serving the homeless population.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clay isn’t sure if the homeless population is growing in the area, but he says that in his seven months of being homeless, this time around he’s noticed new homeless people in the area. He sleeps in a graveyard to hide from homeless people he thinks will harm him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m basically now running around with two pairs of clothes and a tarp and blanket,” says Clay. “I’m mostly frustrated because I do have a disability and the means to pay for an apartment, but I’m being harried all up and down Highway 41 by other homeless people and they keep moving in from different areas.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Clay is on two waitlists for affordable apartments in Oakhurst, but he says he isn’t banking on a unit becoming available anytime soon.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Short-Term Rental Boom Leaves Yosemite Struggling to Fill Jobs",
"title": "Short-Term Rental Boom Leaves Yosemite Struggling to Fill Jobs",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Short-term rental websites are changing the communities near Yosemite National Park. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The booming vacation rental market is creating a shortage of places for locals to rent for the long-term, and in some cases it's contributing to the area's homeless problem. And now the growing lack of long-term rentals is causing a hiring issue in Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes an army of people to keep Yosemite National Park’s facilities tidy from the constant barrage of tourists -- 4 million people are expected to visit this year, with the majority in the summer months. This spring Ron Borne, with the maintenance division of the park, was on track to hire a full custodial staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of 30 seasonal custodial workers that we had positions, with funds, we were only able to fill 17 of those positions,” say Borne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He couldn't fill 10 percent of his workforce of about 300 people -- custodians, trail crews, maintenance crews -- when they chose to not work in the park because of the lack of rentals in the area. One of his employees was recently in the process of trying to rent a house in Mariposa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were negotiating and the owner came back and said, ‘No, I’m sorry. I can’t rent to you because I can make my mortgage as an Airbnb. So, I’m sorry, I cannot do a long-term rental agreement.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"Ron Borne, with Yosemite's maintenance division, says he lost 10 percent of his staff this year due to housing issues.\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626885\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-800x552.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-1020x704.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-1180x814.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-960x663.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ron Borne, with Yosemite's maintenance division, says he lost 10 percent of his staff this year due to housing issues. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Borne himself commutes from Merced to Yosemite. After he sold his home in the area, he wasn’t able to find a long-term rental close to the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gap in hires left the park vulnerable and a bit dirty this summer. During busy months thousands use the restrooms daily at Lower Yosemite Falls. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing that it’s dirty,” says Yosemite National Public Information Officer Scott Gediman as he shows me one of the busiest restrooms in the park. “There's some litter I see. Somebody left some gloves and there's toilet paper. We would like the public to see a cleaner restroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lower Yosemite Falls restrooms have multiple stalls and sinks. Gediman says one tour bus full of visitors can make it look like no one's cleaned it in days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"b7iL6tKPY1tIojKk8DpfO1c6UnAMJhVr\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the middle of the summer we’ll get 50 to 60 tour buses a day,” Gediman says. “With the staffing shortages that we experienced this summer there were times when I walked in personally and it would just be a lot messier than it is now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gediman says potential employees can’t find places to live because so many long-term rentals are being converted to vacation rentals, like Airbnb and VRBO, in the communities that lead into the park. In Madera County there are more than 300 short-term rentals and over 600 in Mariposa County. Both counties have established guidelines for short-term rentals, but aren’t discouraging them because they stand to make a lot of money from taxes they bring in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year Madera County has collected over $3 million in taxes from hotel and short-term rental visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'After a while it takes a toll on a person'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Patty Radanovich-Sousa is a property manager in the gold rush town of Mariposa. She gets calls daily from people looking for long-term rentals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been turning away people since the first of the year consistently,” says Radanovich-Sousa. “We have had one or two homes come up and surprisingly they were large expensive homes and they surprisingly rented within a month.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it's almost easier to buy a home in the mountains near Yosemite than it is to rent a spot. Radanovich-Sousa says there’s a long waiting list for rentals here and she wishes she could rent to more park employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You also then have an opportunity as a business person to weed through your applicants a little bit more,” says Radanovich-Sousa. “You can get good applicants, which means long-term applicants. The other thing is park service people are one of our best customers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626887\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-800x598.jpg\" alt=\"Kathleen Morse, division chief for strategic planning at Yosemite, says the lack of rentals, long commutes and cost end up driving away potential hires.\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626887\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-800x598.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-1020x763.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-1180x883.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-960x718.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-375x280.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-520x389.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kathleen Morse, division chief for strategic planning at Yosemite, says the lack of rentals, long commutes and cost end up driving away potential hires. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still it's not just low-paid short-term employees that are saying it’s hard to find rentals in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our permanent workforce is making good money, but they’re not making enough to afford some of the better homes in the area,” says Kathleen Morse, division chief for strategic planning with Yosemite National Park. “It hits everybody fairly equally. It’s not like the permanent job and the permanent salary gives you that much of a leg up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park employs around 450 long-term employees and around 600 short-term employees, but only has about 400 beds for them. At the height of the summer the park needs about 200 more, but Morse says NPS has no plans to build more at this time. Morse says many who take jobs end up having to live further and further away in places like Merced. She says hires then have to decide if the long commute and cost to travel into the park are worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"H6Tzwna6AHeTHXc8mC8s0W8Z9gJxeVJ4\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a while it takes a toll on a person,” say Morse. “So we’ll have people for a while and then they’ll fall off, they’ll disappear and then they’ll quit. And then we’ll have to go through the hiring process again. So you lose efficiencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response Morse joined a new taskforce in Mariposa County to come up with ways to increase housing opportunities here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think [the county] feels like they have their arms around the problem,” says Morse. “So this committee is designed to examine the different opportunities out there. Is there a way the county can be more effective in gathering resources and directing them towards this problem?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morse anticipates the problem will get worse next year and that means she and her team are going to have come up with a solution pretty quick, but at this point, she admits, she doesn’t have one. \u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "Yosemite National Park couldn’t fill 10 percent of its maintenance workforce over the summer due to a severe lack of long-term housing options.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/ezra-david-romero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Short-term rental websites are changing the communities near Yosemite National Park. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The booming vacation rental market is creating a shortage of places for locals to rent for the long-term, and in some cases it's contributing to the area's homeless problem. And now the growing lack of long-term rentals is causing a hiring issue in Yosemite.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It takes an army of people to keep Yosemite National Park’s facilities tidy from the constant barrage of tourists -- 4 million people are expected to visit this year, with the majority in the summer months. This spring Ron Borne, with the maintenance division of the park, was on track to hire a full custodial staff.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Of 30 seasonal custodial workers that we had positions, with funds, we were only able to fill 17 of those positions,” say Borne.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He couldn't fill 10 percent of his workforce of about 300 people -- custodians, trail crews, maintenance crews -- when they chose to not work in the park because of the lack of rentals in the area. One of his employees was recently in the process of trying to rent a house in Mariposa County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They were negotiating and the owner came back and said, ‘No, I’m sorry. I can’t rent to you because I can make my mortgage as an Airbnb. So, I’m sorry, I cannot do a long-term rental agreement.’”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626885\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-800x552.jpg\" alt=\"Ron Borne, with Yosemite's maintenance division, says he lost 10 percent of his staff this year due to housing issues.\" width=\"800\" height=\"552\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626885\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-800x552.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-160x110.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-1020x704.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-1180x814.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-960x663.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-240x166.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-375x259.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/RonBorn-520x359.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ron Borne, with Yosemite's maintenance division, says he lost 10 percent of his staff this year due to housing issues. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Borne himself commutes from Merced to Yosemite. After he sold his home in the area, he wasn’t able to find a long-term rental close to the park.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>That gap in hires left the park vulnerable and a bit dirty this summer. During busy months thousands use the restrooms daily at Lower Yosemite Falls. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’re seeing that it’s dirty,” says Yosemite National Public Information Officer Scott Gediman as he shows me one of the busiest restrooms in the park. “There's some litter I see. Somebody left some gloves and there's toilet paper. We would like the public to see a cleaner restroom.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Lower Yosemite Falls restrooms have multiple stalls and sinks. Gediman says one tour bus full of visitors can make it look like no one's cleaned it in days.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“In the middle of the summer we’ll get 50 to 60 tour buses a day,” Gediman says. “With the staffing shortages that we experienced this summer there were times when I walked in personally and it would just be a lot messier than it is now.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Gediman says potential employees can’t find places to live because so many long-term rentals are being converted to vacation rentals, like Airbnb and VRBO, in the communities that lead into the park. In Madera County there are more than 300 short-term rentals and over 600 in Mariposa County. Both counties have established guidelines for short-term rentals, but aren’t discouraging them because they stand to make a lot of money from taxes they bring in. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So far this year Madera County has collected over $3 million in taxes from hotel and short-term rental visitors.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>'After a while it takes a toll on a person'\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Patty Radanovich-Sousa is a property manager in the gold rush town of Mariposa. She gets calls daily from people looking for long-term rentals.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We’ve been turning away people since the first of the year consistently,” says Radanovich-Sousa. “We have had one or two homes come up and surprisingly they were large expensive homes and they surprisingly rented within a month.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>She says it's almost easier to buy a home in the mountains near Yosemite than it is to rent a spot. Radanovich-Sousa says there’s a long waiting list for rentals here and she wishes she could rent to more park employees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“You also then have an opportunity as a business person to weed through your applicants a little bit more,” says Radanovich-Sousa. “You can get good applicants, which means long-term applicants. The other thing is park service people are one of our best customers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11626887\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-800x598.jpg\" alt=\"Kathleen Morse, division chief for strategic planning at Yosemite, says the lack of rentals, long commutes and cost end up driving away potential hires.\" width=\"800\" height=\"598\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-11626887\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-800x598.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-1020x763.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-1180x883.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-960x718.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-240x180.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-375x280.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2017/10/KathleenMorse-520x389.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kathleen Morse, division chief for strategic planning at Yosemite, says the lack of rentals, long commutes and cost end up driving away potential hires. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/Valley Public Radio)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Still it's not just low-paid short-term employees that are saying it’s hard to find rentals in the area.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Our permanent workforce is making good money, but they’re not making enough to afford some of the better homes in the area,” says Kathleen Morse, division chief for strategic planning with Yosemite National Park. “It hits everybody fairly equally. It’s not like the permanent job and the permanent salary gives you that much of a leg up.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The park employs around 450 long-term employees and around 600 short-term employees, but only has about 400 beds for them. At the height of the summer the park needs about 200 more, but Morse says NPS has no plans to build more at this time. Morse says many who take jobs end up having to live further and further away in places like Merced. She says hires then have to decide if the long commute and cost to travel into the park are worth it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After a while it takes a toll on a person,” say Morse. “So we’ll have people for a while and then they’ll fall off, they’ll disappear and then they’ll quit. And then we’ll have to go through the hiring process again. So you lose efficiencies.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In response Morse joined a new taskforce in Mariposa County to come up with ways to increase housing opportunities here.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I don’t think [the county] feels like they have their arms around the problem,” says Morse. “So this committee is designed to examine the different opportunities out there. Is there a way the county can be more effective in gathering resources and directing them towards this problem?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Morse anticipates the problem will get worse next year and that means she and her team are going to have come up with a solution pretty quick, but at this point, she admits, she doesn’t have one. \u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "Is Rural Kings County Ready for a High-Tech Town?",
"title": "Is Rural Kings County Ready for a High-Tech Town?",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>Kings County is known for farmed products like cotton and milk, as well as prisons and the Naval Air Station in Lemoore. Now, a Southern California group wants to build a brand-new high-tech town in this agricultural county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people who visit the rural county don’t even realize they’re there. That’s because they’re zooming by along Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halfway along the drive from Los Angeles to San Francisco, a tiny oasis appears. It’s here that drivers like Rob Parker, from Vancouver, stop to stretch their legs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our 2-year-old boy was bouncing off the walls inside of our motor home and I looked out the window and I saw a sign for Kettleman City,” Parker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Parkers ended up at a western-themed strip mall called Bravo Farms. Michelle Magallan, the manager, is scooping ice cream for a customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You get people from out of state, out of the country,\" Magallan says. \"You’re in the middle of nowhere.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magallan says she’s heard rumors of a state-of-the-art city in the works about 8 miles south of here on I-5 called Quay Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11013051\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11013051\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-800x470.jpg\" alt=\"Kettleman City is one of the largest rest stops on Interstate 5 between Los Angeles and San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-800x470.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-400x235.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-1180x693.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-960x564.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kettleman City is one of the largest rest stops on Interstate 5 between Los Angeles and San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the moment this proposed town is nothing but 7,500 acres of desert. But Southern California real estate developer and entrepreneur Quay Hays wants to change that. His company, GROW Holdings, develops green projects. But this is Hays' first foray into creating a new town. He's worked in marketing, book publishing, finance and the film industry. It’s sort of a legacy project for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My name’s on the door,” Hays says. “I gotta make sure it turns out OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed town calls for multiple mixed-use village centers with stores, parks, restaurants, a mall and a college with a focus on sustainability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You’ll go under an underpass and what you’ll see to the right we would have a very large entertainment destination,\" says Hays. \"On the left we would have some very unique themed resort hotels and then you go into the community itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/272737620\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2007 a slump in the economy and a lawsuit over water halted Hays' initial plan to build Quay Valley. Now the project is back on the table. He says it will create professional careers as well as retail jobs. Hays also says the future city of 75,000 people will feature houses and apartments run on solar energy, a graywater system and a futuristic transportation system called a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/18/who-wants-to-design-a-hyperloop-for-elon-musk\" target=\"_blank\">Hyperloop\u003c/a>, first imagined by Elon Musk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After the initial testing of moving humans, it could be an intermodal transportation system within Quay Valley,” Hays adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GROW Holdings is paying for all the plans, permitting, land and water acquisitions. Development funds will come from private capital and buyers. But for this city to become a reality, the company’s plans will have to get past the Kings County Planning Division, led by Greg Gatzka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very excited about this process, but to build an entire new community when there’s nothing that exists there is very comprehensive in terms of everything that would be necessary to actually support that,” says Gatzka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11013000\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11013000 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan-800x988.jpg\" alt=\"A draft land use plan for the Quay Valley project.\" width=\"800\" height=\"988\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan-400x494.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A draft land use plan for the Quay Valley project. \u003ccite>(Courtesy GROW Holdings)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gatzka’s staff is working with Hays on the very early stages of planning. He says there are a number of looming questions yet to be answered. His biggest concern is that lack of water could halt the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where is the water going to come from and how are they going to provide it in a sustainable manner?\" Gatkza asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When finished, the town is supposed to use around 12,000 acre-feet of water a year. Some of that water will come from water rights Hays purchased for the initial phase, but he isn’t sure where the rest will come from. UC Davis environmental design professor Stephen Wheeler questions whether this project is even sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am pretty skeptical,” says Wheeler. “If we were really thinking about investing $5 billion or whatever it’s going to be, it would be way more sustainable to invest it in some existing city.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He would rather see that money used in communities with infrastructure already in place. Cal State Fresno urban planning professor Hongwei Dong agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s supposed to be self-sustained, but on the other hand I assume they are going to rely on people from off-site to go shopping there, to go there for entertainment,” Dong adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says all those people traveling to Quay Valley could actually increase pollution in the area. An environmental review will also need to take place as part of the approval process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Kettleman City, people who live in the area, like Michelle Magallan, think a high-tech town could boost the economy in Kings County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would she live in Quay Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I probably would. It’d probably keep me healthier and living longer. Why not?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it will be at least a couple of years before Magallan could even consider buying a house in Quay Valley. Developers would like the first set of homes and attractions ready to live in and shop in by 2019.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "A Southern California group wants to build a brand-new 75,000-person high-tech town in the agricultural county halfway between L.A. and San Francisco.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/ezra-david-romero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/\">Valley Public Radio\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kings County is known for farmed products like cotton and milk, as well as prisons and the Naval Air Station in Lemoore. Now, a Southern California group wants to build a brand-new high-tech town in this agricultural county.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Many people who visit the rural county don’t even realize they’re there. That’s because they’re zooming by along Interstate 5.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Halfway along the drive from Los Angeles to San Francisco, a tiny oasis appears. It’s here that drivers like Rob Parker, from Vancouver, stop to stretch their legs.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Our 2-year-old boy was bouncing off the walls inside of our motor home and I looked out the window and I saw a sign for Kettleman City,” Parker says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Parkers ended up at a western-themed strip mall called Bravo Farms. Michelle Magallan, the manager, is scooping ice cream for a customer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You get people from out of state, out of the country,\" Magallan says. \"You’re in the middle of nowhere.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Magallan says she’s heard rumors of a state-of-the-art city in the works about 8 miles south of here on I-5 called Quay Valley.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11013051\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-11013051\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-800x470.jpg\" alt=\"Kettleman City is one of the largest rest stops on Interstate 5 between Los Angeles and San Francisco.\" width=\"800\" height=\"470\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-800x470.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-400x235.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-1180x693.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/BravoFarmsBig-960x564.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kettleman City is one of the largest rest stops on Interstate 5 between Los Angeles and San Francisco. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>At the moment this proposed town is nothing but 7,500 acres of desert. But Southern California real estate developer and entrepreneur Quay Hays wants to change that. His company, GROW Holdings, develops green projects. But this is Hays' first foray into creating a new town. He's worked in marketing, book publishing, finance and the film industry. It’s sort of a legacy project for him.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"My name’s on the door,” Hays says. “I gotta make sure it turns out OK.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The proposed town calls for multiple mixed-use village centers with stores, parks, restaurants, a mall and a college with a focus on sustainability.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You’ll go under an underpass and what you’ll see to the right we would have a very large entertainment destination,\" says Hays. \"On the left we would have some very unique themed resort hotels and then you go into the community itself.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/272737620&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/272737620'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2007 a slump in the economy and a lawsuit over water halted Hays' initial plan to build Quay Valley. Now the project is back on the table. He says it will create professional careers as well as retail jobs. Hays also says the future city of 75,000 people will feature houses and apartments run on solar energy, a graywater system and a futuristic transportation system called a \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/06/18/who-wants-to-design-a-hyperloop-for-elon-musk\" target=\"_blank\">Hyperloop\u003c/a>, first imagined by Elon Musk.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“After the initial testing of moving humans, it could be an intermodal transportation system within Quay Valley,” Hays adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>GROW Holdings is paying for all the plans, permitting, land and water acquisitions. Development funds will come from private capital and buyers. But for this city to become a reality, the company’s plans will have to get past the Kings County Planning Division, led by Greg Gatzka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“I’m very excited about this process, but to build an entire new community when there’s nothing that exists there is very comprehensive in terms of everything that would be necessary to actually support that,” says Gatzka.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_11013000\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan.jpg\">\u003cimg class=\"wp-image-11013000 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan-800x988.jpg\" alt=\"A draft land use plan for the Quay Valley project.\" width=\"800\" height=\"988\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/07/LandUsePlan-400x494.jpg 400w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003c/a>\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A draft land use plan for the Quay Valley project. \u003ccite>(Courtesy GROW Holdings)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Gatzka’s staff is working with Hays on the very early stages of planning. He says there are a number of looming questions yet to be answered. His biggest concern is that lack of water could halt the project.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Where is the water going to come from and how are they going to provide it in a sustainable manner?\" Gatkza asks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When finished, the town is supposed to use around 12,000 acre-feet of water a year. Some of that water will come from water rights Hays purchased for the initial phase, but he isn’t sure where the rest will come from. UC Davis environmental design professor Stephen Wheeler questions whether this project is even sustainable.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I am pretty skeptical,” says Wheeler. “If we were really thinking about investing $5 billion or whatever it’s going to be, it would be way more sustainable to invest it in some existing city.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He would rather see that money used in communities with infrastructure already in place. Cal State Fresno urban planning professor Hongwei Dong agrees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s supposed to be self-sustained, but on the other hand I assume they are going to rely on people from off-site to go shopping there, to go there for entertainment,” Dong adds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says all those people traveling to Quay Valley could actually increase pollution in the area. An environmental review will also need to take place as part of the approval process.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back in Kettleman City, people who live in the area, like Michelle Magallan, think a high-tech town could boost the economy in Kings County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Would she live in Quay Valley?\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"I probably would. It’d probably keep me healthier and living longer. Why not?\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But it will be at least a couple of years before Magallan could even consider buying a house in Quay Valley. Developers would like the first set of homes and attractions ready to live in and shop in by 2019.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"disqusTitle": "After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root",
"title": "After Rough Fire, Millions of Giant Sequoia Seedlings Take Root",
"headTitle": "The California Report | KQED News",
"content": "\u003cp>The lightning-sparked \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/x08/18/campgrounds-closed-as-fast-moving-sierra-fire-burns-20000-acres\" target=\"_blank\">Rough Fire\u003c/a> burned last year for more than five months, consuming over 150,000 acres of forest in the Sierra Nevada. Now, after a wet winter, the charred forest is slowly coming back to life -- and the first signs of growth are the tiniest of seedlings that may become the world’s largest trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015 the Rough Fire in the mountains east of Fresno grew so large that it threatened 12 different giant sequoia groves. Unlike the millions of pine and fir trees that were decimated by the blaze, giant sequoia trees weren’t taken out altogether. Instead, the Rough Fire actually helped them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are a lot of the sequoia groves that burned in the Rough Fire that had never seen fire,” says Tony Caprio, a fire ecologist with Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. \"So those trees have been accumulating cones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=\"https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264033916\" params=\"color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false\" width=\"100%\" height=\"166\" iframe=\"true\" /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Rough Fire crept through these groves, Caprio says the fire burned the cones, unleashing oatmeal-like seeds into the fertile soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get a pulse of heat up into the crown, it dries those cones and then they will open up and release the seeds. Following the fire in the groves, the ground was littered with just millions and millions of seeds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953941\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Caprio, a few other scientists and I are hiking the 1½-mile North Grove Trail in Grant Grove. Caprio says many giant sequoias withstood the Rough Fire because the Park Service used prescribed burns to decrease the chance of high-intensity blazes. The other reason is the sequoia's fibrous bark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has a lot of air pockets in it,\" Caprio says. \"If you come over here and actually knock on it, it actually sounds hollow. So the heat from the fire doesn’t penetrate the tree.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little farther down the trail there’s a clear delineation of how prescribed burns can help preserve the landscape. National Park Service Fire Information Officer Mike Theune points to an area west of the trail where everything is charred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire was so hot,\" says Theune. \"It came up this hill. This is not a place you would want to be. So there was some tree mortality in this inner part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area not too far from the famous General Grant Tree was never intentionally burned to reduce the hazards of wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[contextly_sidebar id=\"YhmbUXMGwTeHNoJHo0pavuA75n2IHsiU\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can really see how hot it got in there, up in the canopies, even the giant sequoias,” Theune says. “That’s the heat of the fire. Up to your left you’ll see green. This is an area where the fire literally hit one of our prescribed fire treatments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire approached this previously treated area the blaze slowed down, preventing damage to the core of Grant Grove. But despite how dead and scorched this area looks today, at our feet are signs of the forest ready to regenerate itself. All those seeds that the fire unlocked are beginning to sprout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>MIKE THEUNE: “They’re really tiny. Almost smaller than your pinky finger.”\u003cbr>\nEZRA ROMERO: “Do you see one down here?”\u003cbr>\nTHEUNE: “Oh, yeah. I can point them out. They’re little tiny, green... That’s a baby sequoia there. Eventually over 1,000 plus years, one of these baby sequoias will be one of our new giant sequoias.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>He also says so many seeds have germinated that clusters of seedlings are growing up together, which he says usually doesn’t happen. By next year Theune and Caprio expect the seedlings to be joined by ferns and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953980\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953980\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-400x264.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-960x635.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’ll look like there’s a green lawn out there with all the little sequoia seedlings,\" Caprio says. \"The thing we have to think about in the future is how we manage fire in that area, because we want some of those to survive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says a prescribed burn a few years ago in another giant sequoia grove taught them how important fire is in thinning out young seedlings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Imagine if none of these trees never got thinned out how dense of a forest it would be,\" Theune says. \"So this process takes generations of time. It’s slow, but this is the process of the forest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also hope to apply those lessons to this grove, so in 1,000 years these little seedlings could be some of the largest trees in the world.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"excerpt": "In the mountains east of Fresno, they might grow to become the world's largest trees.",
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"nprByline": "\u003cstrong>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/people/ezra-david-romero\">Ezra David Romero\u003c/a>\u003cbr>\u003ca href=\"http://kvpr.org/\">Valley Public Radio\u003c/a>\u003c/strong>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>The lightning-sparked \u003ca href=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/2015/x08/18/campgrounds-closed-as-fast-moving-sierra-fire-burns-20000-acres\" target=\"_blank\">Rough Fire\u003c/a> burned last year for more than five months, consuming over 150,000 acres of forest in the Sierra Nevada. Now, after a wet winter, the charred forest is slowly coming back to life -- and the first signs of growth are the tiniest of seedlings that may become the world’s largest trees.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In 2015 the Rough Fire in the mountains east of Fresno grew so large that it threatened 12 different giant sequoia groves. Unlike the millions of pine and fir trees that were decimated by the blaze, giant sequoia trees weren’t taken out altogether. Instead, the Rough Fire actually helped them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There are a lot of the sequoia groves that burned in the Rough Fire that had never seen fire,” says Tony Caprio, a fire ecologist with Sequoia and Kings Canyon National Parks. \"So those trees have been accumulating cones.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='100%' height='166'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264033916&visual=true&color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false'\n title='https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/264033916'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the Rough Fire crept through these groves, Caprio says the fire burned the cones, unleashing oatmeal-like seeds into the fertile soil.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"When you get a pulse of heat up into the crown, it dries those cones and then they will open up and release the seeds. Following the fire in the groves, the ground was littered with just millions and millions of seeds.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953941\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953941\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg\" alt=\"The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves.\" width=\"800\" height=\"1067\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-800x1067.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-400x533.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-1180x1573.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/BurnedSequoia-960x1280.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Rough Fire tore through 8,888 aces of giant sequoia groves. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Caprio, a few other scientists and I are hiking the 1½-mile North Grove Trail in Grant Grove. Caprio says many giant sequoias withstood the Rough Fire because the Park Service used prescribed burns to decrease the chance of high-intensity blazes. The other reason is the sequoia's fibrous bark.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"It has a lot of air pockets in it,\" Caprio says. \"If you come over here and actually knock on it, it actually sounds hollow. So the heat from the fire doesn’t penetrate the tree.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A little farther down the trail there’s a clear delineation of how prescribed burns can help preserve the landscape. National Park Service Fire Information Officer Mike Theune points to an area west of the trail where everything is charred.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"The fire was so hot,\" says Theune. \"It came up this hill. This is not a place you would want to be. So there was some tree mortality in this inner part.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This area not too far from the famous General Grant Tree was never intentionally burned to reduce the hazards of wildfire.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You can really see how hot it got in there, up in the canopies, even the giant sequoias,” Theune says. “That’s the heat of the fire. Up to your left you’ll see green. This is an area where the fire literally hit one of our prescribed fire treatments.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>When the fire approached this previously treated area the blaze slowed down, preventing damage to the core of Grant Grove. But despite how dead and scorched this area looks today, at our feet are signs of the forest ready to regenerate itself. All those seeds that the fire unlocked are beginning to sprout.\u003c/p>\n\u003cblockquote>\u003cp>MIKE THEUNE: “They’re really tiny. Almost smaller than your pinky finger.”\u003cbr>\nEZRA ROMERO: “Do you see one down here?”\u003cbr>\nTHEUNE: “Oh, yeah. I can point them out. They’re little tiny, green... That’s a baby sequoia there. Eventually over 1,000 plus years, one of these baby sequoias will be one of our new giant sequoias.\"\u003c/p>\u003c/blockquote>\n\u003cp>He also says so many seeds have germinated that clusters of seedlings are growing up together, which he says usually doesn’t happen. By next year Theune and Caprio expect the seedlings to be joined by ferns and other plants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10953980\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-10953980\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg\" alt=\"Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal.\" width=\"800\" height=\"529\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-800x529.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-400x264.jpg 400w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds.jpg 1920w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-1180x780.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/10/2016/05/SequoiaSeeds-960x635.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giant sequoia seeds are released from their cones when fire burns them -- and they look a little like oatmeal. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"It’ll look like there’s a green lawn out there with all the little sequoia seedlings,\" Caprio says. \"The thing we have to think about in the future is how we manage fire in that area, because we want some of those to survive.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says a prescribed burn a few years ago in another giant sequoia grove taught them how important fire is in thinning out young seedlings.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Imagine if none of these trees never got thinned out how dense of a forest it would be,\" Theune says. \"So this process takes generations of time. It’s slow, but this is the process of the forest.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They also hope to apply those lessons to this grove, so in 1,000 years these little seedlings could be some of the largest trees in the world.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"content": "\u003cp>Kirk Gilkey is a farmer in Kings County, where drought and higher-priced crops are hurting California’s cotton industry. Acreage has dropped from over 600,000 10 years ago to well under 200,000 today. Gilkey grows Pima cotton. He kept the crop because of its high price point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s given us our only chance over the years,” Gilkey says. “If I wasn’t growing Pima, I wouldn’t be in the cotton business anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the higher price is enough to offset the costs of water and the lure of other crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[soundcloud url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/250266947″ params=”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false” width=”100%” height=”166″ iframe=”true” /]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Gilkey’s cotton is harvested, it’s packed into huge rectangles that look like giant sticks of butter from the roadside. It’s then trucked to his gin, where a pipe sucks the cotton from outside into the factory. A series of ceiling-high machines, dryers and saws rid the cotton of sticks, dirt and seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The customer called me and said: Do you know that this product that you’re supplying us is not 100 percent pure? … We thought we were innocent, so we said that can’t be.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But before the fluffy white cotton is compacted into 500-pound bales, a new step in the process was added last year at his gin. The cotton is sprayed with a DNA serum in the form of fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“That binds permanently to the cotton fiber,” says Jim Hayward, who leads Applied DNA Sciences, the company behind the product. “That allows us to track it to a point of origin to say this comes from the San Joaquin Valley.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The DNA serum step was added because Hayward’s company led an independent study on cotton textiles. It found that sheets labeled “100 percent Pima” sold at popular American retailers had been cut with subpar fiber.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[gallery type=\"rectangular\" link=\"none\" size=\"large\" ids=\"10886172,10886171\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those retailers called up David Greenstein, CEO of the major textile producer \u003ca href=\"http://www.himatsingka.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Himatsingka\u003c/a>, which sells Pima cotton sheets to retailers like Costco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The customer called me and said: Do you know that this product that you’re supplying us is not 100 percent pure?” Greenstein says. “We were unaware. We thought we were innocent, so we said that can’t be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenstein oversees the supply chain that takes cotton to China where it’s spun into thread, to India where it’s made into fabric and then to American stores like Costco. Greenstein called Hayward, the scientist behind the DNA technology, and asked him for help. They came up with a way to test cotton fabric for the exact types of fiber in it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we started to understand how this DNA fiber typing works, and then we realized it was true,” says Greenstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He immediately knew where the problem was in his supply chain: Chinese spinners. They turn cotton into thread. So he hopped on a plane to China with a delegation of farmers, scientists and retailers to confront the company that was selling him the bogus thread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenstein made a presentation to the Chinese spinners, outlining his evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They asked for time, and they left us in the room and went to talk among themselves, and they came back and told us they were ready to admit to certain things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886174\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10886174 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-800x681.jpg\" alt=\"Prof. Lizhu Davis says DNA tagging technology could change the way supply chains are monitored in the textile industry.\" width=\"800\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-800x681.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-400x341.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-1180x1005.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-960x818.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Lizhu Davis says DNA tagging technology could change the way supply chains are monitored in the textile industry. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those things included mixing in cheap-quality cotton with more expensive types, like Pima.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of firing them, Greenstein decided to continue using the spinners now that he could basically proof their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a handful of other California growers tag their cotton with the DNA serum, and Greenstein’s company is using that cotton to make sheets under the brand PimaCott. Currently, PimaCott bedding can be bought only at Costco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I brought a sample of the sheets to someone who knows a lot about fabric. \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostate.edu/jcast/cfcs/faculty-staff/l-davis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lizhu Davis\u003c/a> manages a fashion merchandising program at Cal State Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wow, it’s very luxurious,” Davis says. “Feels just like silk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis hopes that this use of DNA technology to track products globally is just the beginning of a change in her industry. She suspects the DNA tagging system could also be used on silk and synthetic materials.\u003c/p>\n\n",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Kirk Gilkey is a farmer in Kings County, where drought and higher-priced crops are hurting California’s cotton industry. Acreage has dropped from over 600,000 10 years ago to well under 200,000 today. Gilkey grows Pima cotton. He kept the crop because of its high price point.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“It’s given us our only chance over the years,” Gilkey says. “If I wasn’t growing Pima, I wouldn’t be in the cotton business anymore.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He says the higher price is enough to offset the costs of water and the lure of other crops.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003cdiv class='utils-parseShortcode-shortcodes-__shortcodes__shortcodeWrapper'>\n \u003ciframe width='”100%”' height='”166″'\n scrolling='no' frameborder='no'\n src='https://w.soundcloud.com/player/?url=”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/250266947″&visual=true&”color=ff5500&auto_play=false&hide_related=false&show_comments=true&show_user=true&show_reposts=false”'\n title='”https://api.soundcloud.com/tracks/250266947″'>\n \u003c/iframe>\n \u003c/div>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>After Gilkey’s cotton is harvested, it’s packed into huge rectangles that look like giant sticks of butter from the roadside. It’s then trucked to his gin, where a pipe sucks the cotton from outside into the factory. A series of ceiling-high machines, dryers and saws rid the cotton of sticks, dirt and seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003caside class=\"pullquote alignright\">‘The customer called me and said: Do you know that this product that you’re supplying us is not 100 percent pure? … We thought we were innocent, so we said that can’t be.’\u003c/aside>\n\u003cp>But before the fluffy white cotton is compacted into 500-pound bales, a new step in the process was added last year at his gin. The cotton is sprayed with a DNA serum in the form of fog.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>",
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"content": "\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One of those retailers called up David Greenstein, CEO of the major textile producer \u003ca href=\"http://www.himatsingka.com/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Himatsingka\u003c/a>, which sells Pima cotton sheets to retailers like Costco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“The customer called me and said: Do you know that this product that you’re supplying us is not 100 percent pure?” Greenstein says. “We were unaware. We thought we were innocent, so we said that can’t be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenstein oversees the supply chain that takes cotton to China where it’s spun into thread, to India where it’s made into fabric and then to American stores like Costco. Greenstein called Hayward, the scientist behind the DNA technology, and asked him for help. They came up with a way to test cotton fabric for the exact types of fiber in it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“And then we started to understand how this DNA fiber typing works, and then we realized it was true,” says Greenstein.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He immediately knew where the problem was in his supply chain: Chinese spinners. They turn cotton into thread. So he hopped on a plane to China with a delegation of farmers, scientists and retailers to confront the company that was selling him the bogus thread.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Greenstein made a presentation to the Chinese spinners, outlining his evidence.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“They asked for time, and they left us in the room and went to talk among themselves, and they came back and told us they were ready to admit to certain things.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_10886174\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-10886174 size-medium\" src=\"http://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-800x681.jpg\" alt=\"Prof. Lizhu Davis says DNA tagging technology could change the way supply chains are monitored in the textile industry.\" width=\"800\" height=\"681\" srcset=\"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-800x681.jpg 800w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-400x341.jpg 400w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis.jpg 1920w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-1180x1005.jpg 1180w, https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2016/03/LizhuDavis-960x818.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Professor Lizhu Davis says DNA tagging technology could change the way supply chains are monitored in the textile industry. \u003ccite>(Ezra David Romero/KQED)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Those things included mixing in cheap-quality cotton with more expensive types, like Pima.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Instead of firing them, Greenstein decided to continue using the spinners now that he could basically proof their work.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Now a handful of other California growers tag their cotton with the DNA serum, and Greenstein’s company is using that cotton to make sheets under the brand PimaCott. Currently, PimaCott bedding can be bought only at Costco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>I brought a sample of the sheets to someone who knows a lot about fabric. \u003ca href=\"http://www.fresnostate.edu/jcast/cfcs/faculty-staff/l-davis.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Lizhu Davis\u003c/a> manages a fashion merchandising program at Cal State Fresno.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Wow, it’s very luxurious,” Davis says. “Feels just like silk.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Davis hopes that this use of DNA technology to track products globally is just the beginning of a change in her industry. She suspects the DNA tagging system could also be used on silk and synthetic materials.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>",
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"info": "What kind of no sabo word is Hyphenación? For us, it’s about living within a hyphenation. Like being a third-gen Mexican-American from the Texas border now living that Bay Area Chicano life. Like Xorje! Each week we bring together a couple of hyphenated Latinos to talk all about personal life choices: family, careers, relationships, belonging … everything is on the table. ",
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"info": "The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ",
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"info": "Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.",
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"info": "The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>",
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"info": "For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?",
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"politicalbreakdown": {
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"tagline": "Politics from a personal perspective",
"info": "Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.",
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"possible": {
"id": "possible",
"title": "Possible",
"info": "Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.",
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"pri-the-world": {
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},
"radiolab": {
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"info": "A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.",
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"reveal": {
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"info": "Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.",
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},
"rightnowish": {
"id": "rightnowish",
"title": "Rightnowish",
"tagline": "Art is where you find it",
"info": "Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.",
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"order": 16
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},
"science-friday": {
"id": "science-friday",
"title": "Science Friday",
"info": "Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.",
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},
"snap-judgment": {
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