window.__IS_SSR__=true
window.__INITIAL_STATE__={"attachmentsReducer":{"audio_0":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_0","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background0.jpg"}}},"audio_1":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_1","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background1.jpg"}}},"audio_2":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_2","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background2.jpg"}}},"audio_3":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_3","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background3.jpg"}}},"audio_4":{"type":"attachments","id":"audio_4","imgSizes":{"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/themes/KQED-unified/img/audio_bgs/background4.jpg"}}},"placeholder":{"type":"attachments","id":"placeholder","imgSizes":{"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-160x96.jpg","width":160,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-800x478.jpg","width":800,"height":478,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1020x610.jpg","width":1020,"height":610,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1920x1148.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1180x705.jpg","width":1180,"height":705,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-960x574.jpg","width":960,"height":574,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-672x372.jpg","width":672,"height":372,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"height":576,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-240x143.jpg","width":240,"height":143,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-375x224.jpg","width":375,"height":224,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-520x311.jpg","width":520,"height":311,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1180x705.jpg","width":1180,"height":705,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-1920x1148.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-32x32.jpg","width":32,"height":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-50x50.jpg","width":50,"height":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-64x64.jpg","width":64,"height":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-96x96.jpg","width":96,"height":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-128x128.jpg","width":128,"height":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-150x150.jpg","width":150,"height":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg"},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/01/GettyImages-896326950-e1514998105161.jpg","width":1920,"height":1148}}},"bayareabites_136246":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_136246","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"136246","found":true},"parent":136244,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche-160x163.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":163},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche.jpg","width":1883,"height":1920},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche-1020x1040.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":1040},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche-800x816.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":816},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Bryant-Terry-by-Celeste-Noche-768x783.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":783}},"publishDate":1581453430,"modified":1581455900,"caption":"Chef and cookbook author Bryant Terry also serves as the Chef-in-Residence at the Museum of African Diaspora. ","description":null,"title":"Bryant Terry by Celeste Noche","credit":"Celeste Noche","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_135018":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_135018","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"135018","found":true},"parent":135016,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-160x107.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":107},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2.jpg","width":1200,"height":800},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":680},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-1200x800.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":800},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-800x533.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":533},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2-768x512.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":512}},"publishDate":1570820201,"modified":1570820338,"caption":"Cline Family Cellars’ dry-farmed grapevines.","description":"Cline Family Cellars’ dry-farmed grapevines.","title":"190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-5-top-2","credit":"Courtesy of Cline Family Cellars","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_134731":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_134731","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"134731","found":true},"parent":134729,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-160x107.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":107},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3.jpg","width":1500,"height":1000},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":680},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-1200x800.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":800},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-800x533.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":533},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/organic_1_3-768x512.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":512}},"publishDate":1568048025,"modified":1568048060,"caption":null,"description":null,"title":"organic_1_3","credit":"CUESA","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_134202":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_134202","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"134202","found":true},"parent":134201,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-160x107.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":107},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-e1563471731586.jpg","width":1920,"height":1278},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-1020x679.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":679},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-1200x799.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":799},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-1920x1278.jpg","width":1920,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":1278},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-800x533.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":533},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/07/gettyimages-688974837_custom-05a1fe7c8ce05a3a307dc7aa2af024713745dfe2-768x511.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":511}},"publishDate":1563471293,"modified":1563471752,"caption":"Researchers project that by 2050, an estimated 1.5 billion more people will live in places with insufficient supply of fruits and vegetables to meet their daily intake recommendations – unless challenges such as food waste and improved productivity are solved.","description":"Researchers project that by 2050, an estimated 1.5 billion more people will live in places with insufficient supply of fruits and vegetables to meet their daily intake recommendations – unless challenges such as food waste and improved productivity are solve","title":"Researchers project that by 2050, an estimated 1.5 billion more people will live in places with insufficient supply of fruits and vegetables to meet their daily intake recommendations – unless challenges such as food waste and improved productivity are solved.","credit":"Wanwisa Hernandez/EyeEm/Getty Images","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_134045":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_134045","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"134045","found":true},"parent":134043,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-160x107.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":107},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1.jpg","width":1500,"height":1000},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":680},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-1200x800.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":800},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-800x533.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":533},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_article_1-768x512.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":512}},"publishDate":1561479500,"modified":1561481081,"caption":"Celebrate summer with these summer squash varieties!","description":"Celebrate summer with these summer squash varieties!","title":"summersquash_article_1","credit":"Courtesy of CUESA","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_133594":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_133594","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"133594","found":true},"parent":133593,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-160x90.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":90},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-1020x574.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":574},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-1200x675.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":675},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":1080},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-800x450.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":450},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp1_wide-ae3b2b4de4701d712226bfdc946167ed8fad868b-768x432.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":432}},"publishDate":1557769223,"modified":1557769270,"caption":"Charles Brain helps hand harvest grapes in a Shiraz vineyard in the Swartland wine region of South Africa. Lubanzi Wines, which was started by Brain and his partner, Walker Brown, earned its B Corp certification this year.","description":"Charles Brain helps hand harvest grapes in a Shiraz vineyard in the Swartland wine region of South Africa. Lubanzi Wines, which was started by Brain and his partner, Walker Brown, earned its B Corp certification this year.","title":"Charles Brain helps hand harvest grapes in a Shiraz vineyard in the Swartland wine region of South Africa. Lubanzi Wines, which was started by Brain and his partner, Walker Brown, earned its B Corp certification this year.","credit":"Christopher Grava/Courtesy of Lubanzi Wines","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_133355":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_133355","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"133355","found":true},"parent":133354,"imgSizes":{"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-160x107.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":107},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-e1555622724502.jpg","width":1920,"height":1279},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-1020x679.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":679},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-1200x799.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":799},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-1920x1279.jpg","width":1920,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":1279},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-800x533.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":533},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/s_dsc7769_enl-048425938609116d23ffa9356f66cf3ed84a248a-768x511.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":511}},"publishDate":1555622599,"modified":1555622736,"caption":"A bowl of Honey Toasted Kernza. General Mills made 6,000 boxes of the cereal and is passing them out to spread the word about perennial grains.","description":"A bowl of Honey Toasted Kernza. General Mills made 6,000 boxes of the cereal and is passing them out to spread the word about perennial grains.","title":"A bowl of Honey Toasted Kernza. General Mills made 6,000 boxes of the cereal and is passing them out to spread the word about perennial grains.","credit":"Olivia Sun/NPR","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_130963":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_130963","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"130963","found":true},"parent":130962,"imgSizes":{"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-520x292.jpg","width":520,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":292},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-160x90.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":90},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-960x540.jpg","width":960,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":540},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-375x211.jpg","width":375,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":211},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-e1539820196657.jpg","width":1920,"height":1080},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1020x574.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":574},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1180x664.jpg","width":1180,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":664},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1200x675.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":675},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-50x50.jpg","width":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":50},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-96x96.jpg","width":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":96},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-800x450.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":450},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-64x64.jpg","width":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":64},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-32x32.jpg","width":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":32},"fd-lrg":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":1080},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1180x664.jpg","width":1180,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":664},"full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-1920x1080.jpg","width":1920,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":1080},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-150x150.jpg","width":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":150},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-768x432.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":432},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-128x128.jpg","width":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":128},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/cotton31_wide-dd6c7ca447d57bf11a9c2be0ca1d069e5fe6fa66-240x135.jpg","width":240,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":135}},"publishDate":1539820166,"modified":1539820210,"caption":"Cottonseed is full of protein but toxic to humans and most animals. The U.S. Department of Agriculture this week approved a genetically engineered cotton with edible seeds. They could eventually feed chickens, fish — or even people.","description":"Cottonseed is full of protein but toxic to humans and most animals. The U.S. Department of Agriculture this week approved a genetically engineered cotton with edible seeds. They could eventually feed chickens, fish — or even peopl","title":"Cottonseed is full of protein but toxic to humans and most animals. The U.S. Department of Agriculture this week approved a genetically engineered cotton with edible seeds. They could eventually feed chickens, fish — or even people.","credit":"Lacey Roberts/Texas A&M University","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false},"bayareabites_130705":{"type":"attachments","id":"bayareabites_130705","meta":{"index":"attachments_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"130705","found":true},"parent":130703,"imgSizes":{"small":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-520x347.jpg","width":520,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":347},"twentyfourteen-full-width":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-1038x576.jpg","width":1038,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":576},"thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-160x107.jpg","width":160,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":107},"fd-sm":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-960x640.jpg","width":960,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":640},"post-thumbnail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-672x372.jpg","width":672,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":372},"xsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-375x250.jpg","width":375,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":250},"kqedFullSize":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800.jpg","width":1200,"height":800},"large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-1020x680.jpg","width":1020,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":680},"xlarge":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-1180x787.jpg","width":1180,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":787},"complete_open_graph":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-1200x800.jpg","width":1200,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":800},"guest-author-50":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-50x50.jpg","width":50,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":50},"guest-author-96":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-96x96.jpg","width":96,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":96},"medium":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-800x533.jpg","width":800,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":533},"guest-author-64":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-64x64.jpg","width":64,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":64},"guest-author-32":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-32x32.jpg","width":32,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":32},"fd-med":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-1180x787.jpg","width":1180,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":787},"detail":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-150x150.jpg","width":150,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":150},"medium_large":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-768x512.jpg","width":768,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":512},"guest-author-128":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-128x128.jpg","width":128,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":128},"xxsmall":{"file":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-laddie-hall-farmers-market-shea-evans-photography-1200x800-240x160.jpg","width":240,"mimeType":"image/jpeg","height":160}},"publishDate":1538585000,"modified":1538585725,"caption":"Laddie Hall at a farmers’ market.","description":"Laddie Hall at a farmers’ market.","title":"Laddie Hall at a farmers’ market.","credit":"Shea Evans Photography","status":"inherit","fetchFailed":false,"isLoading":false}},"audioPlayerReducer":{"postId":"stream_live"},"authorsReducer":{"byline_bayareabites_134729":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_134729","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_134729","name":"Savannah Kuang, CUESA Staff","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_134201":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_134201","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_134201","name":"Allison Aubrey, NPR Food","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_133593":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_133593","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_133593","name":"Shana Clarke, NPR Food","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_133354":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_133354","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_133354","name":"Dan Charles, Weekend Edition Saturday","isLoading":false},"byline_bayareabites_130962":{"type":"authors","id":"byline_bayareabites_130962","meta":{"override":true},"slug":"byline_bayareabites_130962","name":"Dan Charles, All Things Considered","isLoading":false},"cuesa":{"type":"authors","id":"5484","meta":{"index":"authors_1716337520","id":"5484","found":true},"name":"CUESA","firstName":"CUESA","lastName":null,"slug":"cuesa","email":"brie@cuesa.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"CUESA (Center for Urban Education about Sustainable Agriculture) is a nonprofit organization dedicated to cultivating a sustainable food system through the operation of the Ferry Plaza Farmers Market and its educational programs. Learn more at \u003ca href=\"http://www.cuesa.org/\">cuesa.org\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/323b5bab8e802e76af5b72a66b7c6987?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"cuesa","facebook":"CUESA","instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["author"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"CUESA | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/323b5bab8e802e76af5b72a66b7c6987?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/323b5bab8e802e76af5b72a66b7c6987?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/cuesa"},"civileat":{"type":"authors","id":"5583","meta":{"index":"authors_1716337520","id":"5583","found":true},"name":"Civil Eats","firstName":"Civil","lastName":"Eats","slug":"civileat","email":"twilight@civileats.com","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":null,"bio":"\u003ca href=\"http://civileats.com/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a> is a daily news source for critical thought about the American food system. We publish stories that shift the conversation around sustainable agriculture in an effort to build economically and socially just communities. Follow Civil Eats on Twitter \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/CivilEats\">@civileats\u003c/a> and on \u003ca href=\"https://www.facebook.com/pages/Civil-Eats/56766540637\">Facebook\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8f6f50bfb6403afe7cbc194b66cc1d4d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twitter":"CivilEats","facebook":"/pages/Civil-Eats/56766540637?ref=hl","instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["contributor"]},{"site":"food","roles":["contributor"]}],"headData":{"title":"Civil Eats | KQED","description":null,"ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8f6f50bfb6403afe7cbc194b66cc1d4d?s=600&d=blank&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/8f6f50bfb6403afe7cbc194b66cc1d4d?s=600&d=blank&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/civileat"},"rgebreyesus":{"type":"authors","id":"11625","meta":{"index":"authors_1716337520","id":"11625","found":true},"name":"Ruth Gebreyesus","firstName":"Ruth","lastName":"Gebreyesus","slug":"rgebreyesus","email":"rgebreyesus@KQED.org","display_author_email":false,"staff_mastheads":[],"title":"Food Writer","bio":"Ruth Gebreyesus is a freelance writer and producer based in the Bay Area. Through stories across various mediums, Ruth explores the creation and consumption of cultural products. You can find more of her work \u003ca href=\"https://www.kotetakotet.com/\">here\u003c/a>.","avatar":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/68980beab511750abbb1a58f1c768b45?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twitter":"root_g","facebook":null,"instagram":null,"linkedin":null,"sites":[{"site":"arts","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"bayareabites","roles":["subscriber"]},{"site":"checkplease","roles":["editor"]},{"site":"food","roles":[]}],"headData":{"title":"Ruth Gebreyesus | KQED","description":"Food Writer","ogImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/68980beab511750abbb1a58f1c768b45?s=600&d=mm&r=g","twImgSrc":"https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/68980beab511750abbb1a58f1c768b45?s=600&d=mm&r=g"},"isLoading":false,"link":"/author/rgebreyesus"}},"breakingNewsReducer":{},"campaignFinanceReducer":{},"pagesReducer":{},"postsReducer":{"stream_live":{"type":"live","id":"stream_live","audioUrl":"https://streams.kqed.org/kqedradio","title":"Live Stream","excerpt":"Live Stream information currently unavailable.","link":"/radio","featImg":"","label":{"name":"KQED Live","link":"/"}},"stream_kqedNewscast":{"type":"posts","id":"stream_kqedNewscast","audioUrl":"https://www.kqed.org/.stream/anon/radio/RDnews/newscast.mp3?_=1","title":"KQED Newscast","featImg":"","label":{"name":"88.5 FM","link":"/"}},"bayareabites_136244":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_136244","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"136244","score":null,"sort":[1581460218000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1581460218,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Veganism Isn’t Restrictive in Bryant Terry’s Abundant 'Vegetable Kingdom'","title":"Veganism Isn’t Restrictive in Bryant Terry’s Abundant 'Vegetable Kingdom'","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetables reign supreme in Bryant Terry’s world. In his new cookbook, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/564101/vegetable-kingdom-by-bryant-terry/9780399581045/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetable Kingdom: The Abundant World of Vegan Recipes\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the James Beard Award-winning chef and author presents a collection of 150 recipes in which vegetables are the unabashed stars of the table, not the paltry side dishes. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Terry’s latest cookbook comes six years after his critically acclaimed \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Afro-Vegan: Farm-Fresh African, Caribbean, and Southern Flavors Remixed\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “I very intentionally pulled back from book writing and overburdening myself with projects because I wanted to be as present as possible with my children,” explains the father of two. In the introduction to \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetable Kingdom\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Terry writes that his daughters, ages five and eight, inspired the book and were among his dishes' first tasters. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“One of the litmus tests for the recipes was if they liked it,” he says. “Kids are brutally honest.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The world of vegetables can be intimidatingly vast, yet Terry’s book lays it out in an accessible way alongside his takes on marinades, sauces and spice blends influenced by American Southern, Caribbean, sub-Saharan African and Asian cuisines. Terry credits his daughter’s gardening class for the approachable architecture of the book, which categorizes recipes by which part of the plant the central ingredient comes from. Starting with seeds such as beans and corns, recipes grow into bulbs (fennel, leeks and the like), then into stems (asparagus and such), flowers (broccoli and its floreted cousins), fruits (squashes and peppers), leaves (greens of every kind) and back down to fungus, tubers and roots. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_136245\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-136245\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-800x995.jpg\" alt=\"Terry's latest cookbook dives deep into the world of vegetables with more than 150 vegan recipes.\" width=\"800\" height=\"995\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-800x995.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-160x199.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-768x955.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-1020x1268.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV.jpg 1544w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terry's latest cookbook dives deep into the world of vegetables with more than 150 vegan recipes. \u003ccite>(Ed Anderson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When I was composing the recipes, I was mindful of the fact that there’ll be a diversity of readers,” he says noting that his audience has varying degrees of comfort in the kitchen. To that end, he’s included a couple of beginner-level recipes in each section. (“If you could boil a pot of water, you can make this recipe,” he says.) These are interspersed with more elaborate meals fit for dinner parties and leisurely, late weekend lunches. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Terry continues his tradition of marrying music and food in his newest book by pairing recipes with a playlist of songs—Israel Kamakawiwo’ole’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1bFr2SWP1I\">Over the Rainbow\u003c/a>” for roasted Okinawan sweet potatoes, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_W14wK4QGh4\">Stay Flo\u003c/a>” from Solange for a mashed kabocha spread and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TsYIQv0sX8\">Big Rings\u003c/a>” from Drake and Future for a beans, buns and broccoli recipe.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_136250' hero='https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/bunsbeansbroccoli.jpeg' 'label='Cook up chef Bryant Terry's Beans and Broccoli sandwich for dinner this week']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Growing up in Memphis and visiting his family’s farms in nearby Mississippi, Terry’s love of vegetables is decades deep. “As a child, I was fully immersed in the vegetable kingdom because my family has agrarian roots,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They brought with them the values and traditions and [a] true understanding of the importance of growing one’s own food,” he adds, reminiscing about the urban garden that occupied much of the yard of his childhood home. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Watching his grandfather not just grow food, but prepare it to feed his family, was also a transformative experience that’s stayed with Terry. In raising his own children, the vegan chef and his non-vegan wife try their best to model similarly healthy behaviors. “I don’t eat animal products and my wife does eat some animal products. It’s always been this negotiation and we met somewhere in the middle,” he says adding that his children have dairy and eggs once in a while. “When parents try to force something on kids or be dogmatic, it can often push them away and go in the opposite direction so I’ve been mindful of that.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though there’s plenty of age-appropriate lessons about the benefits of eating local, vegetable-centric and organic food, Terry is certain lasting lessons start with what's on the plate: “What resonates with everyone is delicious food.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Catch Bryant Terry at \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bryant-terry.com/events/2020/2/15/vegetable-kingdom-national-book-release-party\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">his book release party\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> this Saturday, Feb. 15 at Red Bay Coffee in Oakland, and at various other \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bryant-terry.com/events\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">book events\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetable Kingdom\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the coming weeks. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"136244 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=136244","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2020/02/11/veganism-isnt-restrictive-in-bryant-terrys-abundant-vegetable-kingdom/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":760,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":14},"modified":1581467814,"excerpt":"The Oakland-based chef and author’s newest cookbook is an ode to the glory of vegetables.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"The Oakland-based chef and author’s newest cookbook is an ode to the glory of vegetables.","title":"Veganism Isn’t Restrictive in Bryant Terry’s Abundant 'Vegetable Kingdom' | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Veganism Isn’t Restrictive in Bryant Terry’s Abundant 'Vegetable Kingdom'","datePublished":"2020-02-11T14:30:18-08:00","dateModified":"2020-02-11T16:36:54-08:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"veganism-isnt-restrictive-in-bryant-terrys-abundant-vegetable-kingdom","status":"publish","templateType":"standard","featuredImageType":"standard","path":"/bayareabites/136244/veganism-isnt-restrictive-in-bryant-terrys-abundant-vegetable-kingdom","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetables reign supreme in Bryant Terry’s world. In his new cookbook, \u003c/span>\u003ca href=\"https://www.penguinrandomhouse.com/books/564101/vegetable-kingdom-by-bryant-terry/9780399581045/\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetable Kingdom: The Abundant World of Vegan Recipes\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, the James Beard Award-winning chef and author presents a collection of 150 recipes in which vegetables are the unabashed stars of the table, not the paltry side dishes. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Terry’s latest cookbook comes six years after his critically acclaimed \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Afro-Vegan: Farm-Fresh African, Caribbean, and Southern Flavors Remixed\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">. “I very intentionally pulled back from book writing and overburdening myself with projects because I wanted to be as present as possible with my children,” explains the father of two. In the introduction to \u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetable Kingdom\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">, Terry writes that his daughters, ages five and eight, inspired the book and were among his dishes' first tasters. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“One of the litmus tests for the recipes was if they liked it,” he says. “Kids are brutally honest.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">The world of vegetables can be intimidatingly vast, yet Terry’s book lays it out in an accessible way alongside his takes on marinades, sauces and spice blends influenced by American Southern, Caribbean, sub-Saharan African and Asian cuisines. Terry credits his daughter’s gardening class for the approachable architecture of the book, which categorizes recipes by which part of the plant the central ingredient comes from. Starting with seeds such as beans and corns, recipes grow into bulbs (fennel, leeks and the like), then into stems (asparagus and such), flowers (broccoli and its floreted cousins), fruits (squashes and peppers), leaves (greens of every kind) and back down to fungus, tubers and roots. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_136245\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-136245\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-800x995.jpg\" alt=\"Terry's latest cookbook dives deep into the world of vegetables with more than 150 vegan recipes.\" width=\"800\" height=\"995\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-800x995.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-160x199.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-768x955.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV-1020x1268.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/Vegetable-Kingdom-COV.jpg 1544w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Terry's latest cookbook dives deep into the world of vegetables with more than 150 vegan recipes. \u003ccite>(Ed Anderson)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“When I was composing the recipes, I was mindful of the fact that there’ll be a diversity of readers,” he says noting that his audience has varying degrees of comfort in the kitchen. To that end, he’s included a couple of beginner-level recipes in each section. (“If you could boil a pot of water, you can make this recipe,” he says.) These are interspersed with more elaborate meals fit for dinner parties and leisurely, late weekend lunches. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Terry continues his tradition of marrying music and food in his newest book by pairing recipes with a playlist of songs—Israel Kamakawiwo’ole’s “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V1bFr2SWP1I\">Over the Rainbow\u003c/a>” for roasted Okinawan sweet potatoes, “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_W14wK4QGh4\">Stay Flo\u003c/a>” from Solange for a mashed kabocha spread and “\u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3TsYIQv0sX8\">Big Rings\u003c/a>” from Drake and Future for a beans, buns and broccoli recipe.\u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_136250","hero":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2020/02/bunsbeansbroccoli.jpeg","label":"'label='Cook up chef Bryant Terry's Beans and Broccoli sandwich for dinner this week'"},"numeric":["'label='Cook","up","chef","Bryant","Terry's","Beans","and","Broccoli","sandwich","for","dinner","this","week'"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Growing up in Memphis and visiting his family’s farms in nearby Mississippi, Terry’s love of vegetables is decades deep. “As a child, I was fully immersed in the vegetable kingdom because my family has agrarian roots,” he says. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">“They brought with them the values and traditions and [a] true understanding of the importance of growing one’s own food,” he adds, reminiscing about the urban garden that occupied much of the yard of his childhood home. \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Watching his grandfather not just grow food, but prepare it to feed his family, was also a transformative experience that’s stayed with Terry. In raising his own children, the vegan chef and his non-vegan wife try their best to model similarly healthy behaviors. “I don’t eat animal products and my wife does eat some animal products. It’s always been this negotiation and we met somewhere in the middle,” he says adding that his children have dairy and eggs once in a while. “When parents try to force something on kids or be dogmatic, it can often push them away and go in the opposite direction so I’ve been mindful of that.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Though there’s plenty of age-appropriate lessons about the benefits of eating local, vegetable-centric and organic food, Terry is certain lasting lessons start with what's on the plate: “What resonates with everyone is delicious food.” \u003c/span>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Catch Bryant Terry at \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bryant-terry.com/events/2020/2/15/vegetable-kingdom-national-book-release-party\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">his book release party\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> this Saturday, Feb. 15 at Red Bay Coffee in Oakland, and at various other \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003ca href=\"https://www.bryant-terry.com/events\">\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">book events\u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/a>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> for \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\">Vegetable Kingdom\u003c/span>\u003ci>\u003cspan style=\"font-weight: 400\"> in the coming weeks. \u003c/span>\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/136244/veganism-isnt-restrictive-in-bryant-terrys-abundant-vegetable-kingdom","authors":["11625"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_752","bayareabites_2254","bayareabites_63","bayareabites_588","bayareabites_2695","bayareabites_8770","bayareabites_2407","bayareabites_2090","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_366","bayareabites_90"],"tags":["bayareabites_1931","bayareabites_9094","bayareabites_112","bayareabites_9710","bayareabites_236","bayareabites_15850","bayareabites_1871","bayareabites_16399"],"featImg":"bayareabites_136246","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_135016":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_135016","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"135016","score":null,"sort":[1570822104000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1570822104,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Can Dry Farming Help Save California’s Vineyards?","title":"Can Dry Farming Help Save California’s Vineyards?","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>\u003ci>by Lela Nargi\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s most recent drought lasted many long, parched years—eight in some regions—before ending in 2017 to the relief of everyone in and out of agriculture. For the state’s grape growers, it meant respite from parched vines putting out small berries and leaves and showing other signs of stress.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID='bayareabites_68996,bayareabites_130307' label='More on Dry Farming']\u003cbr>\n“It was hard to walk through some vineyards and see vines dying, and there was nothing you could do,” says Tegan Passalacqua, director of winemaking for \u003ca href=\"http://www.turleywinecellars.com/\">Turley Wine Cellars\u003c/a>. “Some vineyards lost 300 vines in one year. Talk to the old timers, and they’ll tell you—they never remember that happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was plenty of suffering to go around, but some vineyards fared less terribly than others—historic parcels east of San Francisco, in Contra Costa County, for example. Planted at the turn of the last century by Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish immigrants, they rely on a technique called dry farming rather than irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these vineyards did not go unscathed during the drought, they did manage to “acclimatize,” says Charlie Tsegeletos, director of winemaking for \u003ca href=\"https://clinecellars.com/\">Cline Cellars\u003c/a>, which owns about 150 acres of heritage vineyards in the county and contracts from another 300 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135019\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-4-Charlie-Tsegeletos-700x750.jpg\" alt=\"Cline Family Cellars winemaker Charlie Tsegeletos.\" width=\"700\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135019\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-4-Charlie-Tsegeletos-700x750.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-4-Charlie-Tsegeletos-700x750-160x171.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cline Family Cellars winemaker Charlie Tsegeletos. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Cline Family Cellars)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>All around them, Contra Costa is experiencing an explosion of development. The allure of living amid the old vineyards’ leafy, picturesque rows is, ironically, \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2009/08/10/farmland-conservation-the-important-lesson-of-brentwood-california/\">threatening their continued existence\u003c/a>. Tsegeletos says offers of hundreds of thousands of dollars per acre are hard to pass up for vineyard heirs with little interest in continuing the family business. With development has come concern that if these vineyards disappear, the knowledge the county’s dry farms can offer other wine-growing systems in fast-drying regions may also fade away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A critical lesson of dry farming “is that there are options,” says Matt Dees, winemaker at \u003ca href=\"https://www.jonata.com/\">Jonata Vineyard\u003c/a> in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This has special relevance in light of the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">2014 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a> (SGMA), which will soon begin to \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">curtail the amount of water\u003c/a> that can be pumped from 21 critically over-drafted aquifers, several of which are in wine-producing regions. \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/09/08/climate-change-threatens-worlds-wineries-which-grapes-saved/2136457001/\">Some in the industry are already preparing\u003c/a> by shading vineyards, cover-cropping, and seeking out new rootstocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passalacqua says this past, balmy year in California was a “healing” time for vineyards, and sufficient winter rains allowed viticulturists to almost forget the specter of drought. But there’s no looking away from the changing climate. Vintners and winemakers are experiencing “a lot of urgency,” says Allison Jordan, executive director of the California Sustainable Winegrowing Alliance (CSWA). “I have great hope that we will find a way through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Tenets of Dry Farming\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, while contemplating the extreme variability in recent rainfall, Dees planted two experimental acres of dry-farmed grapes in a Jonata vineyard in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ballardcanyonava.org/\">Ballard Canyon\u003c/a>. He’d gotten to thinking, “What if the drought continues? What if nine inches of rain a year is the new normal? We’d better be ready.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dry farming, a method that’s been used for centuries to grow grapes, almonds, and olives in Mediterranean countries, requires soils with enough structure to hold moisture from \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/LegacyFiles/floodmgmt/hafoo/csc/docs/CA_Precipitation_2pager.pdf\">seasonal rains\u003c/a> for months at a time—in California, these rains happen between October and April. One method is to plant young vines that are grafted to vigorous rootstocks relatively far apart and water them for only their first two years in the ground. The point is to encourage their roots to dig deep into the dirt from which they’ll pull stored rainwater starting in year three.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135020\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-1-jonata-vineyards-700x468.jpg\" alt=\"Dry farmed grape vineyards\" width=\"700\" height=\"468\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135020\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-1-jonata-vineyards-700x468.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-1-jonata-vineyards-700x468-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dry farmed grape vineyards \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jonata)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In dry farming, you’re putting resistance into the system,” says Stephen Gliessman, an emeritus agroecologist at the University of Santa Cruz who also co-owns the dry-farmed vineyard \u003ca href=\"http://www.condorshope.com/\">Condor’s Hope\u003c/a> in the Cuyama Valley of northern Santa Barbara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though plenty of wine grape growers in the state practice dry farming, the method represents a drop in the bucket of a $70 billion business. Tightly spaced, high-yield, drip-irrigated vineyards are much in favor; their practices encourage roots to hang out near the surface of the soil, where they expect to find water—and they can’t survive without a frequent fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dry-farming yields per acre can be lower; \u003ca href=\"http://www.caff.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Dry-Farming-BMP-Guide_web.pdf\">some estimates\u003c/a> put them at two to three tons per acre, versus three to four tons for premium grapes. Fans of wines made from dry-farmed grapes, however, extoll their more complex flavors. “But vineyards today are too focused on maximizing yields rather than adapting to local conditions so they’re not so dependent on water,” Gliessman says. “They’re using a limited resource, and climate change makes it worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Small Farms Experimenting with New (Old) Methods\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gliessman and his neighbors in the near-desert of Cuyama could watch this scenario play out at a vineyard \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/3/6/hmc-vineyard-environmental-review/\">owned by the company\u003c/a> that manages Harvard University’s endowment. North Fork Vineyard’s irrigation system is drawing what Gliessman calls “excessive” groundwater from one of those 21 critically over-drafted aquifers. This water use has raised the hackles of residents, who are waiting to see how SGMA, which spurred \u003ca href=\"http://cuyamabasin.org/assets/pdf/Cuyama-GSP-Section-4-Monitoring-Networks.pdf\">Cuyama’s Groundwater Management Plan\u003c/a>, will affect the valley starting next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvard’s vineyard, says Gliessman, is a prime example—although certainly not the only one—of grapes being planted in a manner that is not appropriate for the land and the available water. “Companies growing grapes industrially have to start accepting the fact that water-intensive systems are going to have to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, though, it’s smaller wineries that seem most open to adapting. This is partly to do with finances. Big companies can afford to shell out for increasingly expensive water rights where needed, or purchase additional acres in cooler places, like British Columbia, says David Runsten, policy director of sustainability advocacy organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.caff.org/\">Community Alliance with Family Farmers\u003c/a> (CAFF). Smaller operations, he says, “are stuck where they are. But can they dry farm?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135021\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-3-grapes-with-cover-crops-caff.jpg\" alt=\"Dry-farmed grapevines with cover crops.\" width=\"640\" height=\"631\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135021\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-3-grapes-with-cover-crops-caff.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-3-grapes-with-cover-crops-caff-160x158.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dry-farmed grapevines with cover crops. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CAFF)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jonata’s Dees is not the only one trying. More than half of Turley’s 50 vineyards across the state practice dry farming. Cline is experimenting with own-rooted—as opposed to grafted—vines on some near-dry-farmed blocks at its home base in Sonoma; Tsegeletos calls it “risky” due to pest concerns. \u003ca href=\"https://tablascreek.com/\">Tablas Creek\u003c/a>, in Paso Robles, mostly dry farms its roughly 120 acres and has set up 30 acres the “old-fashioned California way,” with vines far apart and no irrigation system installed, according to general manager Jason Haas. He says in those blocks, “Getting into harvest season in the drought years, it looked like there was no drought at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A grower can’t just one day decide to up and dry farm. “It requires thinking [in advance] about how to get vines to generate a deep root system,” says Haas; as vineyard parcels come to the end of their lives, though, they can be replaced. Dry farming also isn’t right if soils and rainfall aren’t a match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Haas, Runsten, and Gliessman all think more vineyards could adopt the practice. In Mendocino County, says Runsten, many wineries irrigate their vines, “and I can’t understand why. They’re next to the Russian River and get plenty of rain.” He blames convention—the idea that “this is the way things are done”—and the risk-averse nature of vineyard consultants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you go farther north and closer to the coast, dry farming becomes more viable,” says Haas. Some winemakers argue that it could even work for \u003ca href=\"http://agwaterstewards.org/practices/dry_farming/\">all of landlocked Napa\u003c/a>, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/wine/article/Napa-wineries-confront-climate-change-by-planting-14308512.php\">the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> reported recently that climate-slammed vineyards are scrambling to try out heat-hardy varietals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Spreading the Dry-Farming Gospel\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tablas Creek and other vineyards have hosted seminars presented by CAFF to offer up research and help viticulturists think about adjusting the way they grow grapes. Runsten says there’s been a general pooh-poohing of some of CAFF’s projected climate models. On the flip side, Haas sees grower interest in dry farming increasing. “All over, there are people who are terrified” about the shifting climate, he says; to prepare, many of them are willing to try something new to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135022\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-2-jonata-matt-dees-drew-pickering-ruben-solorzano-350x525.jpg\" alt=\"Matt Dees (center), with assistant winemaker Drew Pickering (left) and vineyard manager Ruben Solorzano (right).\" width=\"350\" height=\"525\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135022\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-2-jonata-matt-dees-drew-pickering-ruben-solorzano-350x525.jpg 350w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-2-jonata-matt-dees-drew-pickering-ruben-solorzano-350x525-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Dees (center), with assistant winemaker Drew Pickering (left) and vineyard manager Ruben Solorzano (right). \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jonata)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two years into his dry-farming experiment, Jonata’s Dees is not a card-carrying convert. “There are people who are taking up the dry-farming torch and saying the old vines are the ideal, but it’s not black and white to me,” he says. He thinks an “integrated” approach that reduces reliance on irrigation but also increases soil health, might be more viable for a lot of vineyards. California’s \u003ca href=\"http://calclimateag.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Healthy-Soils-Fact-Sheet-2018.pdf\">Healthy Soils Program makes grants\u003c/a> to wine grape growers for just that latter purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, watching the young vines in his experimental block dig deep to find water has been eye opening, he says, and perhaps indicates that they’re stronger than he gave them credit for. There’s also “a feeling you get sometimes in vineyards, and this feels really good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CAFF received grant money from the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) to run seminars a few years ago and continues to conduct them when it can. DWR funds other water-use efficiency programs for vineyards, although they are mostly focused on irrigation systems, according to information shared by the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CSWA supports water use reduction goals, too, including improved irrigation systems and monitoring with technology such as drones; encouraging best practices such as cover crop management; and third-party sustainability certification that includes a water component. The Alliance partnered with CAFF to produce some dry-farming case studies, says CSWA’s Jordan, who believes, too, that dry farming could expand in California. “In places where it’s appropriate, I think additional education will help increase rates” of adoption, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even beyond the focus of dry farming, Dees says, “Grumpy old farmers are getting together to talk about [sustainability]. That says a ton.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Contra Costa County, efforts to preserve the old vineyards continue. Cline’s Tsegeletos says that the city of Oakley seems genuinely interested in trying to keep them around, offering some rent-free acres. But should development amp up throughout the county, Gliessman says there will be repercussions, and not just for the vineyards. Swimming pools and lawns use a lot of groundwater; pavement “affects the capacity of systems to take in water, get it into the soil system, and help maintain groundwater—it all runs off instead.” Whoever’s left behind to use that water, they’ll have less of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, Gliessman sees something urgent yet less visible at stake. “Taking the place of these small operations are large-scale industrial [ones],” he said. “What we’re losing are people who live on the land, work it, know it and its history, and are committed to sustainability. And that is what the future of agriculture should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2019/10/03/can-dry-farming-help-save-californias-vineyards/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"135016 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=135016","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2019/10/11/can-dry-farming-help-save-californias-vineyards/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1993,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":31},"modified":1570822104,"excerpt":"As the state faces ever hotter, drier, and more erratic weather, advocates of dry farming say its time has come—again.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"As the state faces ever hotter, drier, and more erratic weather, advocates of dry farming say its time has come—again.","title":"Can Dry Farming Help Save California’s Vineyards? | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Can Dry Farming Help Save California’s Vineyards?","datePublished":"2019-10-11T12:28:24-07:00","dateModified":"2019-10-11T12:28:24-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"can-dry-farming-help-save-californias-vineyards","status":"publish","path":"/bayareabites/135016/can-dry-farming-help-save-californias-vineyards","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003ci>by Lela Nargi\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>California’s most recent drought lasted many long, parched years—eight in some regions—before ending in 2017 to the relief of everyone in and out of agriculture. For the state’s grape growers, it meant respite from parched vines putting out small berries and leaves and showing other signs of stress.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_68996,bayareabites_130307","label":"More on Dry Farming "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n“It was hard to walk through some vineyards and see vines dying, and there was nothing you could do,” says Tegan Passalacqua, director of winemaking for \u003ca href=\"http://www.turleywinecellars.com/\">Turley Wine Cellars\u003c/a>. “Some vineyards lost 300 vines in one year. Talk to the old timers, and they’ll tell you—they never remember that happening.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There was plenty of suffering to go around, but some vineyards fared less terribly than others—historic parcels east of San Francisco, in Contra Costa County, for example. Planted at the turn of the last century by Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish immigrants, they rely on a technique called dry farming rather than irrigation.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While these vineyards did not go unscathed during the drought, they did manage to “acclimatize,” says Charlie Tsegeletos, director of winemaking for \u003ca href=\"https://clinecellars.com/\">Cline Cellars\u003c/a>, which owns about 150 acres of heritage vineyards in the county and contracts from another 300 acres.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135019\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-4-Charlie-Tsegeletos-700x750.jpg\" alt=\"Cline Family Cellars winemaker Charlie Tsegeletos.\" width=\"700\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135019\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-4-Charlie-Tsegeletos-700x750.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-4-Charlie-Tsegeletos-700x750-160x171.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cline Family Cellars winemaker Charlie Tsegeletos. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Cline Family Cellars)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>All around them, Contra Costa is experiencing an explosion of development. The allure of living amid the old vineyards’ leafy, picturesque rows is, ironically, \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2009/08/10/farmland-conservation-the-important-lesson-of-brentwood-california/\">threatening their continued existence\u003c/a>. Tsegeletos says offers of hundreds of thousands of dollars per acre are hard to pass up for vineyard heirs with little interest in continuing the family business. With development has come concern that if these vineyards disappear, the knowledge the county’s dry farms can offer other wine-growing systems in fast-drying regions may also fade away.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A critical lesson of dry farming “is that there are options,” says Matt Dees, winemaker at \u003ca href=\"https://www.jonata.com/\">Jonata Vineyard\u003c/a> in Southern California.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This has special relevance in light of the state’s \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">2014 Sustainable Groundwater Management Act\u003c/a> (SGMA), which will soon begin to \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Groundwater-Management/SGMA-Groundwater-Management\">curtail the amount of water\u003c/a> that can be pumped from 21 critically over-drafted aquifers, several of which are in wine-producing regions. \u003ca href=\"https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/nation/2019/09/08/climate-change-threatens-worlds-wineries-which-grapes-saved/2136457001/\">Some in the industry are already preparing\u003c/a> by shading vineyards, cover-cropping, and seeking out new rootstocks.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Passalacqua says this past, balmy year in California was a “healing” time for vineyards, and sufficient winter rains allowed viticulturists to almost forget the specter of drought. But there’s no looking away from the changing climate. Vintners and winemakers are experiencing “a lot of urgency,” says Allison Jordan, executive director of the California Sustainable Winegrowing Alliance (CSWA). “I have great hope that we will find a way through.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Tenets of Dry Farming\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Two years ago, while contemplating the extreme variability in recent rainfall, Dees planted two experimental acres of dry-farmed grapes in a Jonata vineyard in \u003ca href=\"https://www.ballardcanyonava.org/\">Ballard Canyon\u003c/a>. He’d gotten to thinking, “What if the drought continues? What if nine inches of rain a year is the new normal? We’d better be ready.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dry farming, a method that’s been used for centuries to grow grapes, almonds, and olives in Mediterranean countries, requires soils with enough structure to hold moisture from \u003ca href=\"https://water.ca.gov/LegacyFiles/floodmgmt/hafoo/csc/docs/CA_Precipitation_2pager.pdf\">seasonal rains\u003c/a> for months at a time—in California, these rains happen between October and April. One method is to plant young vines that are grafted to vigorous rootstocks relatively far apart and water them for only their first two years in the ground. The point is to encourage their roots to dig deep into the dirt from which they’ll pull stored rainwater starting in year three.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135020\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 700px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-1-jonata-vineyards-700x468.jpg\" alt=\"Dry farmed grape vineyards\" width=\"700\" height=\"468\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135020\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-1-jonata-vineyards-700x468.jpg 700w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-1-jonata-vineyards-700x468-160x107.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dry farmed grape vineyards \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jonata)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>“In dry farming, you’re putting resistance into the system,” says Stephen Gliessman, an emeritus agroecologist at the University of Santa Cruz who also co-owns the dry-farmed vineyard \u003ca href=\"http://www.condorshope.com/\">Condor’s Hope\u003c/a> in the Cuyama Valley of northern Santa Barbara County.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Though plenty of wine grape growers in the state practice dry farming, the method represents a drop in the bucket of a $70 billion business. Tightly spaced, high-yield, drip-irrigated vineyards are much in favor; their practices encourage roots to hang out near the surface of the soil, where they expect to find water—and they can’t survive without a frequent fix.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Dry-farming yields per acre can be lower; \u003ca href=\"http://www.caff.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/08/Dry-Farming-BMP-Guide_web.pdf\">some estimates\u003c/a> put them at two to three tons per acre, versus three to four tons for premium grapes. Fans of wines made from dry-farmed grapes, however, extoll their more complex flavors. “But vineyards today are too focused on maximizing yields rather than adapting to local conditions so they’re not so dependent on water,” Gliessman says. “They’re using a limited resource, and climate change makes it worse.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Small Farms Experimenting with New (Old) Methods\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Gliessman and his neighbors in the near-desert of Cuyama could watch this scenario play out at a vineyard \u003ca href=\"https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2019/3/6/hmc-vineyard-environmental-review/\">owned by the company\u003c/a> that manages Harvard University’s endowment. North Fork Vineyard’s irrigation system is drawing what Gliessman calls “excessive” groundwater from one of those 21 critically over-drafted aquifers. This water use has raised the hackles of residents, who are waiting to see how SGMA, which spurred \u003ca href=\"http://cuyamabasin.org/assets/pdf/Cuyama-GSP-Section-4-Monitoring-Networks.pdf\">Cuyama’s Groundwater Management Plan\u003c/a>, will affect the valley starting next year.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Harvard’s vineyard, says Gliessman, is a prime example—although certainly not the only one—of grapes being planted in a manner that is not appropriate for the land and the available water. “Companies growing grapes industrially have to start accepting the fact that water-intensive systems are going to have to change.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>At the moment, though, it’s smaller wineries that seem most open to adapting. This is partly to do with finances. Big companies can afford to shell out for increasingly expensive water rights where needed, or purchase additional acres in cooler places, like British Columbia, says David Runsten, policy director of sustainability advocacy organization \u003ca href=\"https://www.caff.org/\">Community Alliance with Family Farmers\u003c/a> (CAFF). Smaller operations, he says, “are stuck where they are. But can they dry farm?”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135021\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 640px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-3-grapes-with-cover-crops-caff.jpg\" alt=\"Dry-farmed grapevines with cover crops.\" width=\"640\" height=\"631\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135021\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-3-grapes-with-cover-crops-caff.jpg 640w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-3-grapes-with-cover-crops-caff-160x158.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Dry-farmed grapevines with cover crops. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CAFF)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Jonata’s Dees is not the only one trying. More than half of Turley’s 50 vineyards across the state practice dry farming. Cline is experimenting with own-rooted—as opposed to grafted—vines on some near-dry-farmed blocks at its home base in Sonoma; Tsegeletos calls it “risky” due to pest concerns. \u003ca href=\"https://tablascreek.com/\">Tablas Creek\u003c/a>, in Paso Robles, mostly dry farms its roughly 120 acres and has set up 30 acres the “old-fashioned California way,” with vines far apart and no irrigation system installed, according to general manager Jason Haas. He says in those blocks, “Getting into harvest season in the drought years, it looked like there was no drought at all.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>A grower can’t just one day decide to up and dry farm. “It requires thinking [in advance] about how to get vines to generate a deep root system,” says Haas; as vineyard parcels come to the end of their lives, though, they can be replaced. Dry farming also isn’t right if soils and rainfall aren’t a match.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But Haas, Runsten, and Gliessman all think more vineyards could adopt the practice. In Mendocino County, says Runsten, many wineries irrigate their vines, “and I can’t understand why. They’re next to the Russian River and get plenty of rain.” He blames convention—the idea that “this is the way things are done”—and the risk-averse nature of vineyard consultants.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“As you go farther north and closer to the coast, dry farming becomes more viable,” says Haas. Some winemakers argue that it could even work for \u003ca href=\"http://agwaterstewards.org/practices/dry_farming/\">all of landlocked Napa\u003c/a>, where \u003ca href=\"https://www.sfchronicle.com/wine/article/Napa-wineries-confront-climate-change-by-planting-14308512.php\">the San Francisco Chronicle\u003c/a> reported recently that climate-slammed vineyards are scrambling to try out heat-hardy varietals.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Spreading the Dry-Farming Gospel\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Tablas Creek and other vineyards have hosted seminars presented by CAFF to offer up research and help viticulturists think about adjusting the way they grow grapes. Runsten says there’s been a general pooh-poohing of some of CAFF’s projected climate models. On the flip side, Haas sees grower interest in dry farming increasing. “All over, there are people who are terrified” about the shifting climate, he says; to prepare, many of them are willing to try something new to them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_135022\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 350px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-2-jonata-matt-dees-drew-pickering-ruben-solorzano-350x525.jpg\" alt=\"Matt Dees (center), with assistant winemaker Drew Pickering (left) and vineyard manager Ruben Solorzano (right).\" width=\"350\" height=\"525\" class=\"size-full wp-image-135022\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-2-jonata-matt-dees-drew-pickering-ruben-solorzano-350x525.jpg 350w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/10/190923-dry-farming-grapes-vineyards-california-wine-2-jonata-matt-dees-drew-pickering-ruben-solorzano-350x525-160x240.jpg 160w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Matt Dees (center), with assistant winemaker Drew Pickering (left) and vineyard manager Ruben Solorzano (right). \u003ccite>(Courtesy of Jonata)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Two years into his dry-farming experiment, Jonata’s Dees is not a card-carrying convert. “There are people who are taking up the dry-farming torch and saying the old vines are the ideal, but it’s not black and white to me,” he says. He thinks an “integrated” approach that reduces reliance on irrigation but also increases soil health, might be more viable for a lot of vineyards. California’s \u003ca href=\"http://calclimateag.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/10/Healthy-Soils-Fact-Sheet-2018.pdf\">Healthy Soils Program makes grants\u003c/a> to wine grape growers for just that latter purpose.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Still, watching the young vines in his experimental block dig deep to find water has been eye opening, he says, and perhaps indicates that they’re stronger than he gave them credit for. There’s also “a feeling you get sometimes in vineyards, and this feels really good.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>CAFF received grant money from the California Department of Water Resources (DWR) to run seminars a few years ago and continues to conduct them when it can. DWR funds other water-use efficiency programs for vineyards, although they are mostly focused on irrigation systems, according to information shared by the department.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The CSWA supports water use reduction goals, too, including improved irrigation systems and monitoring with technology such as drones; encouraging best practices such as cover crop management; and third-party sustainability certification that includes a water component. The Alliance partnered with CAFF to produce some dry-farming case studies, says CSWA’s Jordan, who believes, too, that dry farming could expand in California. “In places where it’s appropriate, I think additional education will help increase rates” of adoption, she says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But even beyond the focus of dry farming, Dees says, “Grumpy old farmers are getting together to talk about [sustainability]. That says a ton.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In Contra Costa County, efforts to preserve the old vineyards continue. Cline’s Tsegeletos says that the city of Oakley seems genuinely interested in trying to keep them around, offering some rent-free acres. But should development amp up throughout the county, Gliessman says there will be repercussions, and not just for the vineyards. Swimming pools and lawns use a lot of groundwater; pavement “affects the capacity of systems to take in water, get it into the soil system, and help maintain groundwater—it all runs off instead.” Whoever’s left behind to use that water, they’ll have less of it.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Beyond that, Gliessman sees something urgent yet less visible at stake. “Taking the place of these small operations are large-scale industrial [ones],” he said. “What we’re losing are people who live on the land, work it, know it and its history, and are committed to sustainability. And that is what the future of agriculture should be.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2019/10/03/can-dry-farming-help-save-californias-vineyards/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/135016/can-dry-farming-help-save-californias-vineyards","authors":["5583"],"categories":["bayareabites_13718","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_2035","bayareabites_60"],"tags":["bayareabites_16478","bayareabites_12282","bayareabites_14748"],"featImg":"bayareabites_135018","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_134729":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_134729","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"134729","score":null,"sort":[1568054126000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1568054126,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"What's the Dirt on Organic?","title":"What's the Dirt on Organic?","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>You may do your best to seek out organic or sustainably grown fruits and veggies at the farmers market while supporting local farmers. You may know that organic food is better for the environment, farmers and farmworkers, and your health. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But have you wondered, what exactly does the term “organic” mean? Why does organic food tend to cost more? And what does it mean for a farm or food producer to become certified organic?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Organic 101\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2272\" height=\"1704\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-134732\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0.jpeg 2272w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-1200x900.jpeg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2272px) 100vw, 2272px\">\u003cbr>\nIn order to label a product organic in the U.S., a farm or producer must follow the organic standards set by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/organic-standards\">United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)\u003c/a> and be vetted by an approved certifier. The USDA has stringent \u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/organic/labeling\">labeling requirements\u003c/a> for products that bare the organic seal.\u003cbr>\n[aside postID='bayareabites_51586,bayareabites_84852' label='More on Organic Foods']\u003cbr>\nIn contrast to conventional farming, organic food is grown without the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, sewage sludge, hormones, antibiotics, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The federal guidelines for organic labeling address a wide range of factors such as soil fertility, crop rotation, pest and weed control, use of additives and fertilizers, and livestock practices and animal welfare. Certification also means that farmers are dedicated to protecting natural resources, preserving biodiversity, and using only USDA-approved substances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farms are required to be inspected annually by accredited certifying agents such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/\">California Certified Organic Farmers (CCOF)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.marincounty.org/depts/ag/moca\">Marin Certified Organic Agriculture (MOCA)\u003c/a>. Farmers must also keep a record of their transition process, and is commonly referred to as their Organic System Plan (OSP). USDA regulations specify that farmers must use management practices to prevent pests, weeds, and diseases through crop rotation and soil and crop nutrient management practices for three years, but can receive a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/certification/services/ccof-certified-transitional-program\">transitional certification\u003c/a> after a full year of managing their crops organically. Farms that rely on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides will need an extra amount of time to rebuild soil health to meet organic standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Cost of Organic\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134740\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers working in a field. \u003ccite>(CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Organic farmers go to these extra lengths as part of their commitment to sustainable land stewardship and providing healthy food for their community, but there can be barriers to getting certified. While organic certification offers many benefits to farmers such as improving soil health and providing access to new markets, it comes at a high cost, which can be prohibitive for small farmers who already operate on slim margins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organic farming costs more than conventional farming due to additional costs in labor and switching fertilizers. “It costs more to farm organically, especially with manual labor, and certification costs need to be factored in as well,” says CCOF inspector Casey Havre, who also farms at \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/seller/lagier-ranches\">Lagier Ranches\u003c/a>, which has been CCOF certified since 1997. Completing the certification paperwork can be an additional burden for farmers who are already working long hours.\u003cbr>\n[aside tag='cuesa' align='left' label='More Stories on CUESA']\u003cbr>\nAccess to land is challenging for new farmers who are seeking to farm organically, as well as existing farmers who are looking to convert from conventional farming. Going organic must also include different marketing strategies, since organic farms must compete with lower prices from conventional farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As another barrier, Casey often meets farmers who are unfamiliar with the vocabulary and the certification process, resulting in a steep learning curve. “If a farmer is from a community or area where there aren’t many other organic farmers to network with, it can be difficult for the farmer to figure out what works and what doesn’t.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, some resources can be utilized through CCOF. “The CCOF has a new program called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/documents/ccofs-osp-walk-through-service\">OSP Walk-Through Service\u003c/a> where there’s a specific person to walk them through their organic system plan,” says Casey. “I think that helps, as there’s a lot more paperwork involved for farms to become certified organic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Putting Organic into Practice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134741\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0.jpg\" alt=\"CCOF Certified Organic sign\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134741\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CCOF Certified Organic sign \u003ccite>(CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the various hurdles, many farmers are going the extra mile to get certified, as demand for organic food continues to grow. In 2018, organic sales surpassed \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/blog/us-organic-sales-pass-50-billion-mark-2018\">$50 billion\u003c/a>, claiming almost 6 percent of the food market, with organic fruits and veggies accounting for over a third of those sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandi McGinnis-Garcia and her niece, Sara Evett, took over \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/seller/mcginnis-ranch\">McGinnis Ranch\u003c/a> after Sandi’s father, Howard McGinnis, retired in 2015. While the farm had a number of organic practices in place already, Sandi and Sara committed to transitioning the entire operation to organic production so that they could receive their certification. They also received a \u003ca href=\"http://calclimateag.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/HSPStory_McGinnisRanch.pdf\">Healthy Soils grant\u003c/a> from the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) as part of an initiative to improve soil health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions on their farm. After three years, they completed their organic transition and received certification from the CCOF this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sandi, becoming certified organic has been worth the investment because it provides a sense of ease for farmers market shoppers who are looking for organic food. “Shoppers will no longer have to be hesitant when they buy our strawberries,” says Sandi. “But now, they can feel good about their purchase and confident about how the food was produced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sara agrees. “People at the market want to see signs that show the process you’ve gone through to become an organic farmer,” she said. “New shoppers, especially, want to see that certificate, and it’s helpful for us because they don’t have to stop and ask if we’re certified organic. It gives them that sense of trust with us as farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sara hopes to see more conventional farms adapt organic practices. “As organic farmers, part of the prerequisite is that you’re preserving biodiversity, and you’re not impacting the land more than you need to,” she says. “That’s why it’s important to put organic farming into practice, even if you have a small farm or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134742\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2.jpg\" alt=\"Sandi McGinnis-Garcia of McGinnis Ranch\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134742\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandi McGinnis-Garcia of McGinnis Ranch \u003ccite>(CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Look for Lagier Ranches in the back plaza on Saturdays and McGinnis Ranch in the front plaza on Tuesdays and Saturdays at the Ferry Plaza Farmers Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/article/whats-dirt-organic\">CUESA\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"134729 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=134729","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2019/09/09/whats-the-dirt-on-organic/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1062,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":17},"modified":1568054126,"excerpt":"What exactly does the term “organic” mean? What does it mean for a farm or food producer to become certified organic? CUESA explains.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"What exactly does the term “organic” mean? What does it mean for a farm or food producer to become certified organic? CUESA explains.","title":"What's the Dirt on Organic? | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"What's the Dirt on Organic?","datePublished":"2019-09-09T11:35:26-07:00","dateModified":"2019-09-09T11:35:26-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"whats-the-dirt-on-organic","status":"publish","nprByline":"Savannah Kuang, CUESA Staff","path":"/bayareabites/134729/whats-the-dirt-on-organic","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You may do your best to seek out organic or sustainably grown fruits and veggies at the farmers market while supporting local farmers. You may know that organic food is better for the environment, farmers and farmworkers, and your health. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But have you wondered, what exactly does the term “organic” mean? Why does organic food tend to cost more? And what does it mean for a farm or food producer to become certified organic?\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Organic 101\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0.jpeg\" alt=\"\" width=\"2272\" height=\"1704\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-134732\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0.jpeg 2272w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-160x120.jpeg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-800x600.jpeg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-768x576.jpeg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-1020x765.jpeg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/CL-field2_0-1200x900.jpeg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 2272px) 100vw, 2272px\">\u003cbr>\nIn order to label a product organic in the U.S., a farm or producer must follow the organic standards set by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/grades-standards/organic-standards\">United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)\u003c/a> and be vetted by an approved certifier. The USDA has stringent \u003ca href=\"https://www.ams.usda.gov/rules-regulations/organic/labeling\">labeling requirements\u003c/a> for products that bare the organic seal.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_51586,bayareabites_84852","label":"More on Organic Foods "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nIn contrast to conventional farming, organic food is grown without the use of synthetic fertilizers, pesticides, sewage sludge, hormones, antibiotics, or genetically modified organisms (GMOs). The federal guidelines for organic labeling address a wide range of factors such as soil fertility, crop rotation, pest and weed control, use of additives and fertilizers, and livestock practices and animal welfare. Certification also means that farmers are dedicated to protecting natural resources, preserving biodiversity, and using only USDA-approved substances.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farms are required to be inspected annually by accredited certifying agents such as the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/\">California Certified Organic Farmers (CCOF)\u003c/a> and \u003ca href=\"https://www.marincounty.org/depts/ag/moca\">Marin Certified Organic Agriculture (MOCA)\u003c/a>. Farmers must also keep a record of their transition process, and is commonly referred to as their Organic System Plan (OSP). USDA regulations specify that farmers must use management practices to prevent pests, weeds, and diseases through crop rotation and soil and crop nutrient management practices for three years, but can receive a \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/certification/services/ccof-certified-transitional-program\">transitional certification\u003c/a> after a full year of managing their crops organically. Farms that rely on synthetic fertilizers and pesticides will need an extra amount of time to rebuild soil health to meet organic standards.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>The Cost of Organic\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134740\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134740\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/farmworkers_depositphotos_3795755-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Farmworkers working in a field. \u003ccite>(CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Organic farmers go to these extra lengths as part of their commitment to sustainable land stewardship and providing healthy food for their community, but there can be barriers to getting certified. While organic certification offers many benefits to farmers such as improving soil health and providing access to new markets, it comes at a high cost, which can be prohibitive for small farmers who already operate on slim margins.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Organic farming costs more than conventional farming due to additional costs in labor and switching fertilizers. “It costs more to farm organically, especially with manual labor, and certification costs need to be factored in as well,” says CCOF inspector Casey Havre, who also farms at \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/seller/lagier-ranches\">Lagier Ranches\u003c/a>, which has been CCOF certified since 1997. Completing the certification paperwork can be an additional burden for farmers who are already working long hours.\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"tag":"cuesa","align":"left","label":"More Stories on CUESA "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nAccess to land is challenging for new farmers who are seeking to farm organically, as well as existing farmers who are looking to convert from conventional farming. Going organic must also include different marketing strategies, since organic farms must compete with lower prices from conventional farms.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As another barrier, Casey often meets farmers who are unfamiliar with the vocabulary and the certification process, resulting in a steep learning curve. “If a farmer is from a community or area where there aren’t many other organic farmers to network with, it can be difficult for the farmer to figure out what works and what doesn’t.” \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fortunately, some resources can be utilized through CCOF. “The CCOF has a new program called the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/documents/ccofs-osp-walk-through-service\">OSP Walk-Through Service\u003c/a> where there’s a specific person to walk them through their organic system plan,” says Casey. “I think that helps, as there’s a lot more paperwork involved for farms to become certified organic.”\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>Putting Organic into Practice\u003c/h2>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134741\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0.jpg\" alt=\"CCOF Certified Organic sign\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134741\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/ccofsign_1_0-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">CCOF Certified Organic sign \u003ccite>(CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Despite the various hurdles, many farmers are going the extra mile to get certified, as demand for organic food continues to grow. In 2018, organic sales surpassed \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/blog/us-organic-sales-pass-50-billion-mark-2018\">$50 billion\u003c/a>, claiming almost 6 percent of the food market, with organic fruits and veggies accounting for over a third of those sales.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sandi McGinnis-Garcia and her niece, Sara Evett, took over \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/seller/mcginnis-ranch\">McGinnis Ranch\u003c/a> after Sandi’s father, Howard McGinnis, retired in 2015. While the farm had a number of organic practices in place already, Sandi and Sara committed to transitioning the entire operation to organic production so that they could receive their certification. They also received a \u003ca href=\"http://calclimateag.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/05/HSPStory_McGinnisRanch.pdf\">Healthy Soils grant\u003c/a> from the California Department of Food and Agriculture (CDFA) as part of an initiative to improve soil health and reduce greenhouse gas emissions on their farm. After three years, they completed their organic transition and received certification from the CCOF this summer.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For Sandi, becoming certified organic has been worth the investment because it provides a sense of ease for farmers market shoppers who are looking for organic food. “Shoppers will no longer have to be hesitant when they buy our strawberries,” says Sandi. “But now, they can feel good about their purchase and confident about how the food was produced.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sara agrees. “People at the market want to see signs that show the process you’ve gone through to become an organic farmer,” she said. “New shoppers, especially, want to see that certificate, and it’s helpful for us because they don’t have to stop and ask if we’re certified organic. It gives them that sense of trust with us as farmers.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Sara hopes to see more conventional farms adapt organic practices. “As organic farmers, part of the prerequisite is that you’re preserving biodiversity, and you’re not impacting the land more than you need to,” she says. “That’s why it’s important to put organic farming into practice, even if you have a small farm or not.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134742\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1500px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2.jpg\" alt=\"Sandi McGinnis-Garcia of McGinnis Ranch\" width=\"1500\" height=\"1000\" class=\"size-full wp-image-134742\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2.jpg 1500w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/09/mcginnis_certified_2-1200x800.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1500px) 100vw, 1500px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Sandi McGinnis-Garcia of McGinnis Ranch \u003ccite>(CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Look for Lagier Ranches in the back plaza on Saturdays and McGinnis Ranch in the front plaza on Tuesdays and Saturdays at the Ferry Plaza Farmers Market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/article/whats-dirt-organic\">CUESA\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/134729/whats-the-dirt-on-organic","authors":["byline_bayareabites_134729"],"categories":["bayareabites_12276","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_95","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_358"],"tags":["bayareabites_237","bayareabites_2172","bayareabites_14080","bayareabites_13274"],"featImg":"bayareabites_134731","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_134201":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_134201","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"134201","score":null,"sort":[1563471837000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1563471837,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"If We All Ate Enough Fruits And Vegetables, There'd Be Big Shortages","title":"If We All Ate Enough Fruits And Vegetables, There'd Be Big Shortages","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_133954,science_1922099,bayareabites_133521' label='More Food Science News']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If everyone around the globe began to eat the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, there wouldn't be enough to go around. That's the conclusion of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(19)30095-6/fulltext\">new study published in The Lancet Planetary Health\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, only about 55% of people around the globe live in countries with adequate availability of fruits and vegetables – enough to meet the \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/fruit/en/\">World Health Organization's minimum target of 400 grams per person, per day\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With economic growth, presumably, production will expand. But the researchers project that by 2050, an estimated 1.5 billion more people will live in places with insufficient supply – unless challenges such as food waste and improved productivity are solved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report comes at a time when poor diets are a leading cause of premature death. In fact, a recent study found\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/03/709507504/bad-diets-are-responsible-for-more-deaths-than-smoking-global-study-finds\">diets are now responsible for more deaths than smoking\u003c/a> around the globe. And it's become increasingly clear that current dietary patterns are detrimental to the environment, too. Recent studies, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/01/27/688765872/this-diet-is-better-for-the-planet-but-is-it-better-for-you-too\">EAT-Lancet study\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://globalnutritionreport.org/\">Global Nutrition Report\u003c/a>, have pointed to the need for a radical shift in the food system aimed at nudging people toward more nutritious and sustainable diets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Current diets are detrimental to both human and planetary health and shifting towards more balanced, predominantly plant-based diets is seen as crucial to improving both,\" write the authors of the new \u003cem>Lancet Planetary Health\u003c/em> study. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, the global supply of calories is more than enough to meet consumption. But many people eat poor-quality diets \"characterized by cheap calories, highly processed foods and overconsumption,\" the study concludes. These factors promote obesity – so we now live in a world where many people are simultaneously overweight and malnourished. The challenge is to promote a food system that moves \"its focus from quantity toward dietary quality and health,\" The authors conclude. The study authors include researchers from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ifpri.org/\">International Food Policy Research Institute\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C., and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.csiro.au/\">Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation\u003c/a> in Australia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors argue that several actions are needed to meet the challenges: increased investments in fruit and vegetable production; increased efforts to educate people about the importance of healthy diets; and – given that about one-third of food produced globally is wasted – new technologies and practices to reduce food waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The predictions for fruit and vegetable shortfalls are based on modeling. The researchers draw on food production data, but there is uncertainty in their estimates, given factors such as a lack of data on global waste. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, they forecast that several countries will make gains in the availability of produce — such as India and Morocco. But Mexico and several countries in Central and South America, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Pacific region will likely fail to have adequate supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainablefoodfuture.org/executive-summary-synthesis\">new report released Tuesday\u003c/a>, from the World Resources Institute, focuses on ways to reform the food system to improve the health of the planet. It's a deep-dive that's been years in the making by a group of widely respected, science-based analysts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They argue that we need to close three key gaps in order to feed the projected 9.8 billion people that will inhabit the planet by 2050: the food gap, the land gap and the greenhouse gas gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider this: The difference between the amount of food produced in 2010 and the amount we need by 2050 is an estimated \u003cem>7,400 trillion calories\u003c/em>, according to the report. Yes, the number is so big that it's hard to imagine it. But the bottom line is, we need to get more calories from the world's current cropland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way to do this is through improvements in breeding and technological advancements. The report spells out other fixes, too, including reducing the use of biofuels that divert edible crops to produce energy and reducing food waste. (The group \u003ca href=\"http://www.refed.com/\">ReFED\u003c/a> has laid out these cost-effective strategies to cut food waste). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet another proposed fix: Nudge people toward a more plant-centered diet. Currently, agriculture uses nearly half of the globe's vegetated land – and at least 30 percent of all cropland is used to grow feed for animals. The resource intensiveness of meat production is a leading cause of deforestation. If current trends continue, the WRI report estimates that we'd need an extra 593 million hectares – an area that is almost twice the size of India — to feed the population in 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, agriculture and the land-use changes associated with producing food — such as plowing and clearing vegetation — generate an estimated 25 percent of annual greenhouse gas emissions, according to WRI. If today's consumption trends continue, but agricultural productivity does not increase (beyond 2010 levels), the report concludes that we would have to clear most of the globe's remaining forests to feed the world. And we'd exceed the greenhouse gas emission targets set by the Paris Agreement, which call for holding global warming below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruminant livestock (including cattle, sheep and goats) use an estimated two-thirds of all the land dedicated to agriculture and contribute about half of the greenhouse gas emissions linked to agriculture. Demand for meat is growing as more people, in more countries, can afford it. But the report concludes that cutting back on ruminant meat consumption could have a significant impact. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WRI estimates that if people in the U.S. and other heavy meat-eating countries reduced their consumption of beef (and other meat from ruminants) to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wri.org/blog/2019/04/6-pressing-questions-about-beef-and-climate-change-answered\">about 1.5 burgers per person\u003c/a>, per week, it would \"nearly eliminate the need for additional agricultural expansion (and associated deforestation), even in a world with 10 billion people.\" (The Better Buying Lab, an arm of WRI that focuses on getting people to eat more sustainably, has come up with some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/02/10/692114918/how-to-get-meat-eaters-to-eat-more-plant-based-foods-make-their-mouths-water\">clever research-backed marketing ideas\u003c/a> to get people to make the plant-centric switch.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WRI's new findings are similar to recommendation made earlier this year by the EAT- Lancet study. A meat industry-funded group has responded to calls for cuts in meat consumption with its own analysis that concludes limiting meat and dairy consumption would have negative consequences. In this \u003ca href=\"https://resources.animalagalliance.org/ClimateFoodFacts/\"> analysis\u003c/a>, the Animal Agriculture Alliance concludes that meat and dairy provide \"unmatched nutrition for healthy bodies, brains and bones.\" The analysis also concludes that \"U.S. farmers and ranchers continue to make huge strides in conserving natural resources and protecting the environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the population continues to grow, the conversations around how to change the food system to promote good health and environmental sustainability will go on. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/17/742670701/if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"134201 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=134201","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2019/07/18/if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1135,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":23},"modified":1563471837,"excerpt":"Two new studies urge revamping the food system to feed the growing population and protect the planet.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"Two new studies urge revamping the food system to feed the growing population and protect the planet.","title":"If We All Ate Enough Fruits And Vegetables, There'd Be Big Shortages | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"If We All Ate Enough Fruits And Vegetables, There'd Be Big Shortages","datePublished":"2019-07-18T10:43:57-07:00","dateModified":"2019-07-18T10:43:57-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages","status":"publish","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=742670701&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprByline":"Allison Aubrey, NPR Food","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 17 Jul 2019 18:30:59 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Thu, 18 Jul 2019 07:54:21 -0400","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/17/742670701/if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages?ft=nprml&f=742670701","nprImageAgency":"EyeEm/Getty Images","nprImageCredit":"Wanwisa Hernandez","nprStoryId":"742670701","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Thu, 18 Jul 2019 07:54:00 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/134201/if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_133954,science_1922099,bayareabites_133521","label":"More Food Science News "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>If everyone around the globe began to eat the recommended amounts of fruits and vegetables, there wouldn't be enough to go around. That's the conclusion of a \u003ca href=\"http://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(19)30095-6/fulltext\">new study published in The Lancet Planetary Health\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, only about 55% of people around the globe live in countries with adequate availability of fruits and vegetables – enough to meet the \u003ca href=\"https://www.who.int/dietphysicalactivity/fruit/en/\">World Health Organization's minimum target of 400 grams per person, per day\u003c/a>. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>With economic growth, presumably, production will expand. But the researchers project that by 2050, an estimated 1.5 billion more people will live in places with insufficient supply – unless challenges such as food waste and improved productivity are solved.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The report comes at a time when poor diets are a leading cause of premature death. In fact, a recent study found\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/03/709507504/bad-diets-are-responsible-for-more-deaths-than-smoking-global-study-finds\">diets are now responsible for more deaths than smoking\u003c/a> around the globe. And it's become increasingly clear that current dietary patterns are detrimental to the environment, too. Recent studies, including the \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/01/27/688765872/this-diet-is-better-for-the-planet-but-is-it-better-for-you-too\">EAT-Lancet study\u003c/a> and the \u003ca href=\"https://globalnutritionreport.org/\">Global Nutrition Report\u003c/a>, have pointed to the need for a radical shift in the food system aimed at nudging people toward more nutritious and sustainable diets.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Current diets are detrimental to both human and planetary health and shifting towards more balanced, predominantly plant-based diets is seen as crucial to improving both,\" write the authors of the new \u003cem>Lancet Planetary Health\u003c/em> study. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, the global supply of calories is more than enough to meet consumption. But many people eat poor-quality diets \"characterized by cheap calories, highly processed foods and overconsumption,\" the study concludes. These factors promote obesity – so we now live in a world where many people are simultaneously overweight and malnourished. The challenge is to promote a food system that moves \"its focus from quantity toward dietary quality and health,\" The authors conclude. The study authors include researchers from the \u003ca href=\"http://www.ifpri.org/\">International Food Policy Research Institute\u003c/a> in Washington, D.C., and the \u003ca href=\"https://www.csiro.au/\">Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation\u003c/a> in Australia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The authors argue that several actions are needed to meet the challenges: increased investments in fruit and vegetable production; increased efforts to educate people about the importance of healthy diets; and – given that about one-third of food produced globally is wasted – new technologies and practices to reduce food waste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The predictions for fruit and vegetable shortfalls are based on modeling. The researchers draw on food production data, but there is uncertainty in their estimates, given factors such as a lack of data on global waste. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Nonetheless, they forecast that several countries will make gains in the availability of produce — such as India and Morocco. But Mexico and several countries in Central and South America, sub-Saharan Africa, Asia and the Pacific region will likely fail to have adequate supplies.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Another \u003ca href=\"http://www.sustainablefoodfuture.org/executive-summary-synthesis\">new report released Tuesday\u003c/a>, from the World Resources Institute, focuses on ways to reform the food system to improve the health of the planet. It's a deep-dive that's been years in the making by a group of widely respected, science-based analysts. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They argue that we need to close three key gaps in order to feed the projected 9.8 billion people that will inhabit the planet by 2050: the food gap, the land gap and the greenhouse gas gap.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Consider this: The difference between the amount of food produced in 2010 and the amount we need by 2050 is an estimated \u003cem>7,400 trillion calories\u003c/em>, according to the report. Yes, the number is so big that it's hard to imagine it. But the bottom line is, we need to get more calories from the world's current cropland.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>One way to do this is through improvements in breeding and technological advancements. The report spells out other fixes, too, including reducing the use of biofuels that divert edible crops to produce energy and reducing food waste. (The group \u003ca href=\"http://www.refed.com/\">ReFED\u003c/a> has laid out these cost-effective strategies to cut food waste). \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Yet another proposed fix: Nudge people toward a more plant-centered diet. Currently, agriculture uses nearly half of the globe's vegetated land – and at least 30 percent of all cropland is used to grow feed for animals. The resource intensiveness of meat production is a leading cause of deforestation. If current trends continue, the WRI report estimates that we'd need an extra 593 million hectares – an area that is almost twice the size of India — to feed the population in 2050.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Currently, agriculture and the land-use changes associated with producing food — such as plowing and clearing vegetation — generate an estimated 25 percent of annual greenhouse gas emissions, according to WRI. If today's consumption trends continue, but agricultural productivity does not increase (beyond 2010 levels), the report concludes that we would have to clear most of the globe's remaining forests to feed the world. And we'd exceed the greenhouse gas emission targets set by the Paris Agreement, which call for holding global warming below 2 degrees Celsius above pre-industrial temperatures.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Ruminant livestock (including cattle, sheep and goats) use an estimated two-thirds of all the land dedicated to agriculture and contribute about half of the greenhouse gas emissions linked to agriculture. Demand for meat is growing as more people, in more countries, can afford it. But the report concludes that cutting back on ruminant meat consumption could have a significant impact. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WRI estimates that if people in the U.S. and other heavy meat-eating countries reduced their consumption of beef (and other meat from ruminants) to \u003ca href=\"https://www.wri.org/blog/2019/04/6-pressing-questions-about-beef-and-climate-change-answered\">about 1.5 burgers per person\u003c/a>, per week, it would \"nearly eliminate the need for additional agricultural expansion (and associated deforestation), even in a world with 10 billion people.\" (The Better Buying Lab, an arm of WRI that focuses on getting people to eat more sustainably, has come up with some \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/02/10/692114918/how-to-get-meat-eaters-to-eat-more-plant-based-foods-make-their-mouths-water\">clever research-backed marketing ideas\u003c/a> to get people to make the plant-centric switch.)\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The WRI's new findings are similar to recommendation made earlier this year by the EAT- Lancet study. A meat industry-funded group has responded to calls for cuts in meat consumption with its own analysis that concludes limiting meat and dairy consumption would have negative consequences. In this \u003ca href=\"https://resources.animalagalliance.org/ClimateFoodFacts/\"> analysis\u003c/a>, the Animal Agriculture Alliance concludes that meat and dairy provide \"unmatched nutrition for healthy bodies, brains and bones.\" The analysis also concludes that \"U.S. farmers and ranchers continue to make huge strides in conserving natural resources and protecting the environment.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As the population continues to grow, the conversations around how to change the food system to promote good health and environmental sustainability will go on. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/07/17/742670701/if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/134201/if-we-all-ate-enough-fruits-and-vegetables-thered-be-big-shortages","authors":["byline_bayareabites_134201"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60","bayareabites_1873"],"tags":["bayareabites_16272","bayareabites_449","bayareabites_14756","bayareabites_108"],"featImg":"bayareabites_134202","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_134043":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_134043","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"134043","score":null,"sort":[1561482912000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1561482912,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Zucchini and Beyond: A Farmers Market Guide to Summer Squash","title":"Zucchini and Beyond: A Farmers Market Guide to Summer Squash","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_131211,bayareabites_6671,bayareabites_84267' label='More Summer Deliciousness']\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first day of summer, which means the explosion of summer squash at the farmers market is just beginning. More than just the common zucchini, summer squash varieties come in different shapes, sizes, and shades of yellow and green, some of which you can only find at the farmers market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer squash are cucurbits (members of the \u003cem>Cucurbitaceae\u003c/em> or gourd family), which also includes melons and cucumbers. They are closely related to winter squash, though they are more tender and delicate, with thinner skins and a shorter shelf life. Summer squash are extremely edible, and the soft flesh has a lighter flavor and texture compared to their winter counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we enter summer squash season, we’ve collected some common types you’ll cross paths with at the farmers market, along with some flavorful and creative ways to prepare them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-default\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"file-30030\" class=\"file file-image file-image-jpeg\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134048\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-134048\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The many shapes and sizes of summer squash.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The many shapes and sizes of summer squash. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A Field Guide to Summer Squash\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Costata Romanesco zucchini: \u003c/strong>Costata Romanesco is an Italian heirloom variety that is recognizable by its ribbed outer texture (\u003cem>costata\u003c/em> means “rib” in Latin). This zucchini has a distinctive medium gray-green color with pale green flecks. It has a soft, thin skin and a nutty flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Crookneck squash: \u003c/strong>Just like its name, the yellow crookneck squash is usually curved and tapered around the neck, with slightly bumpy skin. Crookneck varieties are believed to be one of the oldest varieties of summer squash. Crookneck squash also contains carotenoids, a plant pigment that contributes to its yellow hue and also acts as an antioxidant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Green zucchini: \u003c/strong>You can find this classic summer squash as early as spring, but it is more flavorful in the summer. The green straightneck zucchini has a deep green color with a smooth skin. It has a mild taste, which means it is extremely versatile and can be eaten raw or cooked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eight Ball squash:\u003c/strong> Eight Ball squash, sometimes known as round zucchini, is very similar to green zucchini with tender skin. These ball-shaped zucchini, which can be found in green or yellow, are generally harvested at one to four inches in diameter. The more petite-sized squash have a sweeter flavor, while the larger sizes are milder in flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pattypan squash: \u003c/strong>Similar to the Flying Saucer squash, the Pattypan squash is a scalloped variety that resembles a small spinning top. Pattypans come in yellow, green, and white varieties, and are most tender when immature due to their mildly sweet taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Yellow zucchini: \u003c/strong>Similar to the green zucchini in shape, yellow zucchini, or golden zucchini, have a mild taste, which people often say is a bit sweeter than green zucchini.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zephyr squash: \u003c/strong>Zephyr is a mild-flavored hybrid crookneck squash that is easily recognizable by its two-tone coloration. The texture is slightly tougher than most summer squash, but the flesh is soft and tender with a mild nutty flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134047\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-134047\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Make your summer squash pop by boiling, roasting, grilling, baking, or spiralizing!\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Make your summer squash pop by boiling, roasting, grilling, baking, or spiralizing! \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How to Prepare Summer Squash\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Because summer squash are so prolific from summer into the fall, it’s good to familiarize yourself with how to buy, store, and cook them. Look for ones that are heavy for their size and have soft, unblemished rinds. Small cuts can lead to quick decay. Also, purchase squash of small or medium size. Larger ones tend to be more fibrous and have larger seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Refrigerate for up to five days. \u003c/strong>Summer squash are best eaten shortly after harvest, so store them in your refrigerator for up to five days and cook them as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Boil or steam. \u003c/strong>Boiling or steaming summer squash is the quickest way to tenderize them in just a few minutes. Slice them into a quarter- or half-inch coins, and add them to a saucepan filled with lightly salted boiled water, or on a steamer basket. Cover and steam or boil for a few minutes, and they’re ready to eat!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Roast. \u003c/strong>This method might take a little more time, but the caramelization from roasting brings out more flavor in the squash. Add your favorite seasoning to the chopped squash before roasting with just a bit of olive oil. Roast in the oven to 425 °F for about 15 minutes, or until lightly browned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grill.\u003c/strong> Grilling takes less time than roasting and also brings out more flavor in summer squash. Cut the squash into quarter- to one-inch pieces; you may want to use skewers. Brush the squash lightly with olive oil and sprinkle with salt and pepper, or with your favorite seasoning. Then grill for 10 minutes, or until the squash is tender, flipping the pieces once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bake. \u003c/strong>For a sweeter fare, you can shred zucchini through a box grater or spiralizer and use them in baked goods such as zucchini bread, cupcakes, and more. Use the Eight Ball or Pattypan squash for stuffed squash if you prefer a savory dish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Make a casserole. \u003c/strong>For something different, try a summer squash casserole. You can add multiple kinds of summer squash along with other veggies for a healthy, savory dish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Make zucchini noodles. \u003c/strong>For a pasta alternative, cut the zucchini into thin, noodle-like strips through a mandolin, peeler, or spiralizer. Sprinkle salt, and place in a colander to drain for 30 minutes. The salt will help remove the moisture. Enjoy them raw, or pan-fry for 3 to 4 minutes over medium-high heat. Then mix together with your favorite pasta sauce, and enjoy!\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134049\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-134049\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A box of blossoming baby squash.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of blossoming baby squash. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Don’t forget about squash blossoms!\u003c/strong> These bright yellow flowers that come from zucchini plants are commonly used in Latin American cuisine and can be eaten in various ways. Fry them with batter, or stuff them with cheese and bake them in the oven. You can also sauté them quickly and add them to your quesadillas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-default\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"file-30033\" class=\"file file-image file-image-jpeg\">\n\u003cp>Looking for more summer squash inspiration? \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/eat-seasonally/recipes?field_recipe_type_tid=All&field_recipe_season_tid=All&keys=summer%20squash\">Dig in to the CUESA recipe archive.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover more varieties of summer squash and \u003cem>which farms grow\u003c/em> them at CUESA’s farmers markets \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/food/squash-summer\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/article/zucchini-and-beyond-farmers-market-guide-summer-squash\">CUESA\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n","disqusIdentifier":"134043 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=134043","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2019/06/25/zucchini-and-beyond-a-farmers-market-guide-to-summer-squash/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1082,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":25},"modified":1561482912,"excerpt":"Check out some common types you’ll find at the farmers market, along with some flavorful and creative ways to prepare them.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"Check out some common types you’ll find at the farmers market, along with some flavorful and creative ways to prepare them.","title":"Zucchini and Beyond: A Farmers Market Guide to Summer Squash | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Zucchini and Beyond: A Farmers Market Guide to Summer Squash","datePublished":"2019-06-25T10:15:12-07:00","dateModified":"2019-06-25T10:15:12-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"zucchini-and-beyond-a-farmers-market-guide-to-summer-squash","status":"publish","path":"/bayareabites/134043/zucchini-and-beyond-a-farmers-market-guide-to-summer-squash","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_131211,bayareabites_6671,bayareabites_84267","label":"More Summer Deliciousness "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>It’s the first day of summer, which means the explosion of summer squash at the farmers market is just beginning. More than just the common zucchini, summer squash varieties come in different shapes, sizes, and shades of yellow and green, some of which you can only find at the farmers market.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Summer squash are cucurbits (members of the \u003cem>Cucurbitaceae\u003c/em> or gourd family), which also includes melons and cucumbers. They are closely related to winter squash, though they are more tender and delicate, with thinner skins and a shorter shelf life. Summer squash are extremely edible, and the soft flesh has a lighter flavor and texture compared to their winter counterparts.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As we enter summer squash season, we’ve collected some common types you’ll cross paths with at the farmers market, along with some flavorful and creative ways to prepare them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-default\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"file-30030\" class=\"file file-image file-image-jpeg\">\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134048\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-134048\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"The many shapes and sizes of summer squash.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summersquash_1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The many shapes and sizes of summer squash. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>A Field Guide to Summer Squash\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Costata Romanesco zucchini: \u003c/strong>Costata Romanesco is an Italian heirloom variety that is recognizable by its ribbed outer texture (\u003cem>costata\u003c/em> means “rib” in Latin). This zucchini has a distinctive medium gray-green color with pale green flecks. It has a soft, thin skin and a nutty flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Crookneck squash: \u003c/strong>Just like its name, the yellow crookneck squash is usually curved and tapered around the neck, with slightly bumpy skin. Crookneck varieties are believed to be one of the oldest varieties of summer squash. Crookneck squash also contains carotenoids, a plant pigment that contributes to its yellow hue and also acts as an antioxidant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Green zucchini: \u003c/strong>You can find this classic summer squash as early as spring, but it is more flavorful in the summer. The green straightneck zucchini has a deep green color with a smooth skin. It has a mild taste, which means it is extremely versatile and can be eaten raw or cooked.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Eight Ball squash:\u003c/strong> Eight Ball squash, sometimes known as round zucchini, is very similar to green zucchini with tender skin. These ball-shaped zucchini, which can be found in green or yellow, are generally harvested at one to four inches in diameter. The more petite-sized squash have a sweeter flavor, while the larger sizes are milder in flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Pattypan squash: \u003c/strong>Similar to the Flying Saucer squash, the Pattypan squash is a scalloped variety that resembles a small spinning top. Pattypans come in yellow, green, and white varieties, and are most tender when immature due to their mildly sweet taste.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Yellow zucchini: \u003c/strong>Similar to the green zucchini in shape, yellow zucchini, or golden zucchini, have a mild taste, which people often say is a bit sweeter than green zucchini.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Zephyr squash: \u003c/strong>Zephyr is a mild-flavored hybrid crookneck squash that is easily recognizable by its two-tone coloration. The texture is slightly tougher than most summer squash, but the flesh is soft and tender with a mild nutty flavor.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134047\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-134047\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"Make your summer squash pop by boiling, roasting, grilling, baking, or spiralizing!\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/summer_squash_2.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Make your summer squash pop by boiling, roasting, grilling, baking, or spiralizing! \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003ch2>How to Prepare Summer Squash\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>Because summer squash are so prolific from summer into the fall, it’s good to familiarize yourself with how to buy, store, and cook them. Look for ones that are heavy for their size and have soft, unblemished rinds. Small cuts can lead to quick decay. Also, purchase squash of small or medium size. Larger ones tend to be more fibrous and have larger seeds.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Refrigerate for up to five days. \u003c/strong>Summer squash are best eaten shortly after harvest, so store them in your refrigerator for up to five days and cook them as soon as possible.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Boil or steam. \u003c/strong>Boiling or steaming summer squash is the quickest way to tenderize them in just a few minutes. Slice them into a quarter- or half-inch coins, and add them to a saucepan filled with lightly salted boiled water, or on a steamer basket. Cover and steam or boil for a few minutes, and they’re ready to eat!\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Roast. \u003c/strong>This method might take a little more time, but the caramelization from roasting brings out more flavor in the squash. Add your favorite seasoning to the chopped squash before roasting with just a bit of olive oil. Roast in the oven to 425 °F for about 15 minutes, or until lightly browned.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Grill.\u003c/strong> Grilling takes less time than roasting and also brings out more flavor in summer squash. Cut the squash into quarter- to one-inch pieces; you may want to use skewers. Brush the squash lightly with olive oil and sprinkle with salt and pepper, or with your favorite seasoning. Then grill for 10 minutes, or until the squash is tender, flipping the pieces once.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Bake. \u003c/strong>For a sweeter fare, you can shred zucchini through a box grater or spiralizer and use them in baked goods such as zucchini bread, cupcakes, and more. Use the Eight Ball or Pattypan squash for stuffed squash if you prefer a savory dish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Make a casserole. \u003c/strong>For something different, try a summer squash casserole. You can add multiple kinds of summer squash along with other veggies for a healthy, savory dish.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Make zucchini noodles. \u003c/strong>For a pasta alternative, cut the zucchini into thin, noodle-like strips through a mandolin, peeler, or spiralizer. Sprinkle salt, and place in a colander to drain for 30 minutes. The salt will help remove the moisture. Enjoy them raw, or pan-fry for 3 to 4 minutes over medium-high heat. Then mix together with your favorite pasta sauce, and enjoy!\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_134049\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg class=\"size-medium wp-image-134049\" src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-800x533.jpg\" alt=\"A box of blossoming baby squash.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1-1200x800.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/06/squash_baby_with_blossoms_0-1.jpg 1500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">A box of blossoming baby squash. \u003ccite>(Courtesy of CUESA)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\u003cstrong>Don’t forget about squash blossoms!\u003c/strong> These bright yellow flowers that come from zucchini plants are commonly used in Latin American cuisine and can be eaten in various ways. Fry them with batter, or stuff them with cheese and bake them in the oven. You can also sauté them quickly and add them to your quesadillas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"media media-element-container media-default\">\n\u003cdiv id=\"file-30033\" class=\"file file-image file-image-jpeg\">\n\u003cp>Looking for more summer squash inspiration? \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/eat-seasonally/recipes?field_recipe_type_tid=All&field_recipe_season_tid=All&keys=summer%20squash\">Dig in to the CUESA recipe archive.\u003c/a>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Discover more varieties of summer squash and \u003cem>which farms grow\u003c/em> them at CUESA’s farmers markets \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/food/squash-summer\">\u003cem>here\u003c/em>\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://cuesa.org/article/zucchini-and-beyond-farmers-market-guide-summer-squash\">CUESA\u003c/a>.\u003c/em>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003c/div>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/134043/zucchini-and-beyond-a-farmers-market-guide-to-summer-squash","authors":["5484"],"categories":["bayareabites_12276","bayareabites_95","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_13746","bayareabites_1873"],"tags":["bayareabites_237","bayareabites_2172","bayareabites_3682","bayareabites_2371","bayareabites_16288"],"featImg":"bayareabites_134045","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_133593":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_133593","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"133593","score":null,"sort":[1557769631000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1557769631,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Why Some Wineries Are Becoming 'Certified B Corp' — And What That Means","title":"Why Some Wineries Are Becoming 'Certified B Corp' — And What That Means","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>[aside postID='bayareabites_116520' label='The Science of Wine Tasting']\u003cbr>\nMany college students studying abroad focus more on soaking in the culture — and the local drinking scene — than on their future careers. But for Charles Brain and Walker Brown, their time as exchange students in South Africa in 2014 sparked something more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They returned to the Western Cape two years later with the goal of developing a wine brand and bringing the cuvées they loved back to the U.S. However, they didn't want to simply start a winery in South Africa; they aimed to empower growers and laborers and, ultimately, create a unique platform that would benefit their partners in a socially responsible manner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under their label, Lubanzi Wines — which launched a mere three years ago — they set up protocols to ensure the well-being of their workers. As a testament to their commitment, in January, Lubanzi became one of just 25 wineries worldwide — and one of only 2,788 businesses — to become a \u003ca href=\"https://bcorporation.net/\">Certified B Corporation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While organic or biodynamic certifications are big buzzwords in winemaking today, B Corp calls for full transparency in the way a company conducts business — and not just in the vineyard. B Corp companies strive to be stewards of social change. As conversations around mindful winemaking continue to evolve, more wineries are aspiring to receive this certification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>B Corp was launched in 2006 by three friends who left their careers in private equity and business to help mission-driven businesses thrive. Within its first year, 19 businesses opted to get certified. Today, companies such as Toms shoes, Eileen Fisher, and Stumptown Coffee Roasters carry the seal. Its principles are built on what's often referred to as the three P's of sustainability: people, planet and profit. Certified B Corp companies are reevaluated every three years to ensure they maintain the standards of the program, which look at impact on communities, workers, customers and the environment. Every aspect of a business is analyzed, from supply chain to facilities to ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's obviously a certain level of inequality that's pervasive throughout [South Africa], and I think everyone's got a responsibility to some degree to do whatever they can to improve the situation,\" explains Brain. One of Lubanzi's first initiatives was to set up a partnership with the nonprofit organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.pebblesproject.co.za/\">The Pebbles Project\u003c/a>, which focuses on the well-being of farmworkers in South Africa's wine industry. Fifty percent of Lubanzi's net profits help fund medical and dental care, after-school programs and infant development programs through The Pebbles Project. Soon after, the winery also became \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairforlife.org/pmws/indexDOM.php?client_id=fairforlife&page_id=home\">Fair for Life\u003c/a> fair trade certified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After several years of making these wines and trying to build a following, we were [looking] for ways to communicate who we are and find our audience,\" says Brain. \"That's what led us to B Corp; it's a collection of companies that really share a set of values.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many localized — and wine-specific certifications — with similar missions have formed over the years, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.sipcertified.org/\">Sustainability in Practice\u003c/a> (SIP) in California's Central Coast and \u003ca href=\"https://napagreen.org/\">Napa Green\u003c/a> in Napa Valley, B Corp is unique in that it works across a global range of industries. Brain considers B Corp to be somewhat of a think tank and says he drew inspiration for Lubanzi's practices from companies such as New Belgium Brewing and Patagonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like South Africa, the U.S. has its own history of farmworker inequality. In the 1960s and '70s, Cesar Chavez and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/17/551490281/dolores-huerta-the-civil-rights-icon-who-showed-farmworkers-si-se-puede\">Dolores Huerta\u003c/a> fought for workers' rights and galvanized laborers into action through a series of boycotts and strikes, especially in California's grape-growing industry. Today, workers still struggle against wage and hour violations, as well as quality of life issues like affordable housing shortages. Wineries of all sizes and business models are finding ways to support what they call the \"backbone\" of the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1696px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5.jpg\" alt=\"The grapes are all harvested using secateurs. Once a bucket is filled, it's poured into a truck. When the truck reaches capacity, it carries the grapes to the cellar.\" width=\"1696\" height=\"1272\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133595\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5.jpg 1696w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1696px) 100vw, 1696px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The grapes are all harvested using secateurs. Once a bucket is filled, it's poured into a truck. When the truck reaches capacity, it carries the grapes to the cellar. \u003ccite>(Christopher Grava/Courtesy of Lubanzi Wines)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A to Z Wineworks in Oregon became the first Certified B Corp winery in the world in 2014. When the winery first learned about certification, \"it just really felt natural to us,\" says Amy Prosenjak, president and CEO of A to Z Wineworks/Rex Hill. \"We were already thinking about the triple-bottom line [people, planet and profit]. We weren't just in it to make money; we wanted to do good things with that money.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery doesn't own vineyards, so it contracts with about 50 growers in the state, \"who then employ hundreds of [farmworkers] throughout the year,\" she explains. \"So we have a real stake in how ... workers are treated and viewed within the industry. [They are] a huge contributor to our success.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery provides financial support to the \u003ca href=\"https://virginiagarcia.org/who-we-are/virginia-garcia-memorial-foundation/the-foundation-board-of-directors/\">Virginia Garcia Memorial Foundation\u003c/a>, which offers health care to farmworkers and their families, as well as to \u003ca href=\"https://causaoregon.org/\">Causa Oregon\u003c/a>, a nonprofit advocacy group for immigrants' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second-generation run, Certified B Corp Sokol Blosser Vineyards in Oregon does own estate vineyards, but most of its labor is contracted out; like A to Z Wineworks, the vineyard supports farmworkers via nonprofit organizations. Sokol Blosser fundraises for ¡Salud!, a project through \u003ca href=\"http://tualityfoundation.org/\">Tuality Healthcare Foundation\u003c/a>, which gives medical and dental services to workers at both brick-and-mortar health centers and mobile health units. Sokol Blosser also hosts a mobile clinic on its property during harvest season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fetzer Vineyards in California, which received its B Corp certification in 2015, found that \"one of the benefits of the B Corp certification is that going through that assessment process gave us a really great tool to assess how we're doing in different areas of sustainability,\" says Elizabeth Drake, regenerative development manager for the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery, which counts about 35 people in its vineyard department — and about 350 total employees — implemented a number of programs to support workers' quality of life. One of its newest initiatives, the HEAL (Helping Employees Access Loans) Program, created in partnership with the Saving Bank of Mendocino County, provides funds for emergencies such as an unexpected medical surgery. Because the loan is paid back through automatic paycheck deductions, payments are made on time, \"[which] helps build credit, a huge benefit for an employee that might not have a good credit score or creditor experience,\" Drake says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the 1990s, Fetzer has offered English as a second language (ESL) classes on its campus. \"[Workers'] schedules are built so they can attend classes during the workday,\" Drake says. An employee-run organic garden distributes fresh produce to all workers, ensuring access to healthy groceries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, while wineries continue to look into becoming Certified B Corp, Armando Elenes, secretary-treasurer for \u003ca href=\"https://ufw.org/\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a>, is dubious about B Corp's ability to \"move the needle\" in terms of legal and policy changes in regard to farmworkers' rights. \"At this point, it appears to us to be more window dressing,\" he says. \"It goes well with their branding and marketing, but when it comes to real-world workers and what changes they're making, it's not going there.\" He cites organizations such as the \u003ca href=\"https://equitablefood.org/\">Equitable Food Initiative\u003c/a> as a group that's making strides because of its high worker engagement. \"There's a worker leadership team that, along with management, [creates a set of benchmarks] and ensures that those components are being followed and enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1647px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85.jpg\" alt=\"Seasonal workers help with the harvest at the Shiraz vineyard. Most come from South Africa or Zimbabwe.\" width=\"1647\" height=\"1235\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133596\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85.jpg 1647w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1647px) 100vw, 1647px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seasonal workers help with the harvest at the Shiraz vineyard. Most come from South Africa or Zimbabwe. \u003ccite>(Christopher Grava/Courtesy of Lubanzi Wines)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Andy Fyfe, senior manager for business development for B Lab, the organization that certifies and supports B Corporations, responded in an email: \"I would actually agree with his opinion that B Lab is not intended to be, nor should be the expert or the ultimate 'needle mover' for farm workers rights. [However], every Certified B Corporation must meet a legal requirement. They are required to change their legal charter to hold them accountable and consider the impact of their business decisions on \u003cem>all\u003c/em> stakeholders (including farm workers) and not just solely consider the interests of their shareholders (investors).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brain, the Lubanzi Wines co-founder, sees B Corp as being a voice for the wine industry. \"There are a lot of wineries out there that are doing great things in terms of how they operate and how their wines are made but are getting lost when they're trying to talk to everyday people,\" he says. \"I think B Corp really offers a way for people like us — and people like A to Z Wineworks and like Sokol Blosser — to actually get through and connect with customers in a way that they understand.\"\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Shana Clarke is a freelance wine, sake and cocktail journalist who regularly contributes to \u003c/em>Wine Enthusiast\u003cem>, \u003c/em>HuffPost\u003cem> and \u003c/em>Hemisphere\u003cem>, and is the wine editor for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__inside.com_&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=Xtci2Fudeb2mFuRu4fVJZeBvP4ufVbP6taPEukEjs-s&m=LhzkGPSU-pTr5Sk5hqIfKkKsVFfXbjrJrJgcjIIQMSY&s=wtGQUcXKHIZ1hGoOl2HQyfhtplZb4iDVHS_yAr6hi7M&e=\">\u003cem>inside.com\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. Follow her on Twitter and Instagram at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__twitter.com_shanaspeakswine-3Flang-3Den&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=Xtci2Fudeb2mFuRu4fVJZeBvP4ufVbP6taPEukEjs-s&m=LhzkGPSU-pTr5Sk5hqIfKkKsVFfXbjrJrJgcjIIQMSY&s=bRrni4v1_fONI2h4gmRLZ6HxPQO3v-XWeoTbCOyZBI8&e=\">\u003cem>@ShanaSpeaksWine\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and see more of her work on \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.shanaspeakswine.com_&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=Xtci2Fudeb2mFuRu4fVJZeBvP4ufVbP6taPEukEjs-s&m=LhzkGPSU-pTr5Sk5hqIfKkKsVFfXbjrJrJgcjIIQMSY&s=DOIRI_qnmfBwbxaBDLIzr20mFgFaC_AgnfsuFEyI7OM&e=\">\u003cem>www.shanaspeakswine.com\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/13/720665348/why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"133593 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=133593","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2019/05/13/why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1546,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":23},"modified":1557769631,"excerpt":"To be certified, a business must operate according to three principles of sustainability: people, planet and profit. B Corp wineries are investing in farmworkers, but some say it's still not enough.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"To be certified, a business must operate according to three principles of sustainability: people, planet and profit. B Corp wineries are investing in farmworkers, but some say it's still not enough.","title":"Why Some Wineries Are Becoming 'Certified B Corp' — And What That Means | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Why Some Wineries Are Becoming 'Certified B Corp' — And What That Means","datePublished":"2019-05-13T10:47:11-07:00","dateModified":"2019-05-13T10:47:11-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means","status":"publish","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=720665348&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprByline":"Shana Clarke, NPR Food","nprStoryDate":"Mon, 13 May 2019 07:00:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Mon, 13 May 2019 13:17:34 -0400","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/13/720665348/why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means?ft=nprml&f=720665348","nprImageAgency":"Courtesy of Lubanzi Wines","nprImageCredit":"Christopher Grava","nprStoryId":"720665348","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Mon, 13 May 2019 13:17:00 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/133593/why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_116520","label":"The Science of Wine Tasting "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\nMany college students studying abroad focus more on soaking in the culture — and the local drinking scene — than on their future careers. But for Charles Brain and Walker Brown, their time as exchange students in South Africa in 2014 sparked something more.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>They returned to the Western Cape two years later with the goal of developing a wine brand and bringing the cuvées they loved back to the U.S. However, they didn't want to simply start a winery in South Africa; they aimed to empower growers and laborers and, ultimately, create a unique platform that would benefit their partners in a socially responsible manner.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Under their label, Lubanzi Wines — which launched a mere three years ago — they set up protocols to ensure the well-being of their workers. As a testament to their commitment, in January, Lubanzi became one of just 25 wineries worldwide — and one of only 2,788 businesses — to become a \u003ca href=\"https://bcorporation.net/\">Certified B Corporation\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While organic or biodynamic certifications are big buzzwords in winemaking today, B Corp calls for full transparency in the way a company conducts business — and not just in the vineyard. B Corp companies strive to be stewards of social change. As conversations around mindful winemaking continue to evolve, more wineries are aspiring to receive this certification.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>B Corp was launched in 2006 by three friends who left their careers in private equity and business to help mission-driven businesses thrive. Within its first year, 19 businesses opted to get certified. Today, companies such as Toms shoes, Eileen Fisher, and Stumptown Coffee Roasters carry the seal. Its principles are built on what's often referred to as the three P's of sustainability: people, planet and profit. Certified B Corp companies are reevaluated every three years to ensure they maintain the standards of the program, which look at impact on communities, workers, customers and the environment. Every aspect of a business is analyzed, from supply chain to facilities to ingredients.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"There's obviously a certain level of inequality that's pervasive throughout [South Africa], and I think everyone's got a responsibility to some degree to do whatever they can to improve the situation,\" explains Brain. One of Lubanzi's first initiatives was to set up a partnership with the nonprofit organization \u003ca href=\"http://www.pebblesproject.co.za/\">The Pebbles Project\u003c/a>, which focuses on the well-being of farmworkers in South Africa's wine industry. Fifty percent of Lubanzi's net profits help fund medical and dental care, after-school programs and infant development programs through The Pebbles Project. Soon after, the winery also became \u003ca href=\"http://www.fairforlife.org/pmws/indexDOM.php?client_id=fairforlife&page_id=home\">Fair for Life\u003c/a> fair trade certified.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"After several years of making these wines and trying to build a following, we were [looking] for ways to communicate who we are and find our audience,\" says Brain. \"That's what led us to B Corp; it's a collection of companies that really share a set of values.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>While many localized — and wine-specific certifications — with similar missions have formed over the years, such as \u003ca href=\"http://www.sipcertified.org/\">Sustainability in Practice\u003c/a> (SIP) in California's Central Coast and \u003ca href=\"https://napagreen.org/\">Napa Green\u003c/a> in Napa Valley, B Corp is unique in that it works across a global range of industries. Brain considers B Corp to be somewhat of a think tank and says he drew inspiration for Lubanzi's practices from companies such as New Belgium Brewing and Patagonia.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Like South Africa, the U.S. has its own history of farmworker inequality. In the 1960s and '70s, Cesar Chavez and \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2017/09/17/551490281/dolores-huerta-the-civil-rights-icon-who-showed-farmworkers-si-se-puede\">Dolores Huerta\u003c/a> fought for workers' rights and galvanized laborers into action through a series of boycotts and strikes, especially in California's grape-growing industry. Today, workers still struggle against wage and hour violations, as well as quality of life issues like affordable housing shortages. Wineries of all sizes and business models are finding ways to support what they call the \"backbone\" of the wine industry.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133595\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1696px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5.jpg\" alt=\"The grapes are all harvested using secateurs. Once a bucket is filled, it's poured into a truck. When the truck reaches capacity, it carries the grapes to the cellar.\" width=\"1696\" height=\"1272\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133595\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5.jpg 1696w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp2-95b8686fd54614c02135005a7aa81fdf96f7c5f5-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1696px) 100vw, 1696px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The grapes are all harvested using secateurs. Once a bucket is filled, it's poured into a truck. When the truck reaches capacity, it carries the grapes to the cellar. \u003ccite>(Christopher Grava/Courtesy of Lubanzi Wines)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>A to Z Wineworks in Oregon became the first Certified B Corp winery in the world in 2014. When the winery first learned about certification, \"it just really felt natural to us,\" says Amy Prosenjak, president and CEO of A to Z Wineworks/Rex Hill. \"We were already thinking about the triple-bottom line [people, planet and profit]. We weren't just in it to make money; we wanted to do good things with that money.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery doesn't own vineyards, so it contracts with about 50 growers in the state, \"who then employ hundreds of [farmworkers] throughout the year,\" she explains. \"So we have a real stake in how ... workers are treated and viewed within the industry. [They are] a huge contributor to our success.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery provides financial support to the \u003ca href=\"https://virginiagarcia.org/who-we-are/virginia-garcia-memorial-foundation/the-foundation-board-of-directors/\">Virginia Garcia Memorial Foundation\u003c/a>, which offers health care to farmworkers and their families, as well as to \u003ca href=\"https://causaoregon.org/\">Causa Oregon\u003c/a>, a nonprofit advocacy group for immigrants' rights.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Second-generation run, Certified B Corp Sokol Blosser Vineyards in Oregon does own estate vineyards, but most of its labor is contracted out; like A to Z Wineworks, the vineyard supports farmworkers via nonprofit organizations. Sokol Blosser fundraises for ¡Salud!, a project through \u003ca href=\"http://tualityfoundation.org/\">Tuality Healthcare Foundation\u003c/a>, which gives medical and dental services to workers at both brick-and-mortar health centers and mobile health units. Sokol Blosser also hosts a mobile clinic on its property during harvest season.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Fetzer Vineyards in California, which received its B Corp certification in 2015, found that \"one of the benefits of the B Corp certification is that going through that assessment process gave us a really great tool to assess how we're doing in different areas of sustainability,\" says Elizabeth Drake, regenerative development manager for the company.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The winery, which counts about 35 people in its vineyard department — and about 350 total employees — implemented a number of programs to support workers' quality of life. One of its newest initiatives, the HEAL (Helping Employees Access Loans) Program, created in partnership with the Saving Bank of Mendocino County, provides funds for emergencies such as an unexpected medical surgery. Because the loan is paid back through automatic paycheck deductions, payments are made on time, \"[which] helps build credit, a huge benefit for an employee that might not have a good credit score or creditor experience,\" Drake says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Since the 1990s, Fetzer has offered English as a second language (ESL) classes on its campus. \"[Workers'] schedules are built so they can attend classes during the workday,\" Drake says. An employee-run organic garden distributes fresh produce to all workers, ensuring access to healthy groceries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>However, while wineries continue to look into becoming Certified B Corp, Armando Elenes, secretary-treasurer for \u003ca href=\"https://ufw.org/\">United Farm Workers\u003c/a>, is dubious about B Corp's ability to \"move the needle\" in terms of legal and policy changes in regard to farmworkers' rights. \"At this point, it appears to us to be more window dressing,\" he says. \"It goes well with their branding and marketing, but when it comes to real-world workers and what changes they're making, it's not going there.\" He cites organizations such as the \u003ca href=\"https://equitablefood.org/\">Equitable Food Initiative\u003c/a> as a group that's making strides because of its high worker engagement. \"There's a worker leadership team that, along with management, [creates a set of benchmarks] and ensures that those components are being followed and enforced.\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133596\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1647px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85.jpg\" alt=\"Seasonal workers help with the harvest at the Shiraz vineyard. Most come from South Africa or Zimbabwe.\" width=\"1647\" height=\"1235\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133596\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85.jpg 1647w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-160x120.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-800x600.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-768x576.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-1020x765.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/05/bcorp3-a50e37863bfaf62ac5e5bfd2a38ef18bfad44a85-1200x900.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1647px) 100vw, 1647px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Seasonal workers help with the harvest at the Shiraz vineyard. Most come from South Africa or Zimbabwe. \u003ccite>(Christopher Grava/Courtesy of Lubanzi Wines)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Andy Fyfe, senior manager for business development for B Lab, the organization that certifies and supports B Corporations, responded in an email: \"I would actually agree with his opinion that B Lab is not intended to be, nor should be the expert or the ultimate 'needle mover' for farm workers rights. [However], every Certified B Corporation must meet a legal requirement. They are required to change their legal charter to hold them accountable and consider the impact of their business decisions on \u003cem>all\u003c/em> stakeholders (including farm workers) and not just solely consider the interests of their shareholders (investors).\"\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Brain, the Lubanzi Wines co-founder, sees B Corp as being a voice for the wine industry. \"There are a lot of wineries out there that are doing great things in terms of how they operate and how their wines are made but are getting lost when they're trying to talk to everyday people,\" he says. \"I think B Corp really offers a way for people like us — and people like A to Z Wineworks and like Sokol Blosser — to actually get through and connect with customers in a way that they understand.\"\u003cstrong> \u003c/strong>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cem>Shana Clarke is a freelance wine, sake and cocktail journalist who regularly contributes to \u003c/em>Wine Enthusiast\u003cem>, \u003c/em>HuffPost\u003cem> and \u003c/em>Hemisphere\u003cem>, and is the wine editor for \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=http-3A__inside.com_&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=Xtci2Fudeb2mFuRu4fVJZeBvP4ufVbP6taPEukEjs-s&m=LhzkGPSU-pTr5Sk5hqIfKkKsVFfXbjrJrJgcjIIQMSY&s=wtGQUcXKHIZ1hGoOl2HQyfhtplZb4iDVHS_yAr6hi7M&e=\">\u003cem>inside.com\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>. Follow her on Twitter and Instagram at \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__twitter.com_shanaspeakswine-3Flang-3Den&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=Xtci2Fudeb2mFuRu4fVJZeBvP4ufVbP6taPEukEjs-s&m=LhzkGPSU-pTr5Sk5hqIfKkKsVFfXbjrJrJgcjIIQMSY&s=bRrni4v1_fONI2h4gmRLZ6HxPQO3v-XWeoTbCOyZBI8&e=\">\u003cem>@ShanaSpeaksWine\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem> and see more of her work on \u003c/em>\u003ca href=\"https://urldefense.proofpoint.com/v2/url?u=https-3A__www.shanaspeakswine.com_&d=DwMFaQ&c=E2nBno7hEddFhl23N5nD1Q&r=Xtci2Fudeb2mFuRu4fVJZeBvP4ufVbP6taPEukEjs-s&m=LhzkGPSU-pTr5Sk5hqIfKkKsVFfXbjrJrJgcjIIQMSY&s=DOIRI_qnmfBwbxaBDLIzr20mFgFaC_AgnfsuFEyI7OM&e=\">\u003cem>www.shanaspeakswine.com\u003c/em>\u003c/a>\u003cem>.\u003c/em> \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/05/13/720665348/why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/133593/why-some-wineries-are-becoming-certified-b-corp-and-what-that-means","authors":["byline_bayareabites_133593"],"categories":["bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60","bayareabites_119"],"tags":["bayareabites_16272","bayareabites_14748"],"featImg":"bayareabites_133594","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_133354":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_133354","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"133354","score":null,"sort":[1555623193000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1555623193,"format":"audio","disqusTitle":"Can This Breakfast Cereal Help Save The Planet?","title":"Can This Breakfast Cereal Help Save The Planet?","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>This past week in San Francisco, food writers and environmentalists gathered to taste some breakfast cereal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular cereal had an ingredient — the milled seeds of a little-known plant called \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/our-work/perennial-crops/kernza/\">Kernza\u003c/a> — that's the result of a radical campaign to reinvent agriculture and reverse an environmentally disastrous choice made by our distant ancestors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2019/04/20190413_wesat_can_this_breakfast_cereal_help_save_the_planet.mp3\u003cbr>\n[aside postID=\"bayareabites_112980\" label=\"More About Kernza\"]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign began 40-some years ago with a scientist-environmentalist named \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/wes-jackson/\">Wes Jackson\u003c/a>. He argued that humanity took a wrong turn, thousands of years ago, when it came to rely on crops like wheat and rice for basic sustenance. These \"annual\" crops need replanting each year, \"which means that if you're going to get your seed to germinate, you've got to destroy the vegetation at the surface,\" clearing away anything that might compete with the fragile seedlings, Jackson \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hWjj_mQCS0\">said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As farmers use tillage tools or herbicides to get rid of competing vegetation, they inevitably wipe away habitat for birds and insects. Bare soil washes away and pollutes streams and rivers. Tilling the soil releases vast amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson imagined a totally different style of farming. And he founded a small organization called \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/\">The Land Institute\u003c/a>, in Salina, Kan., to pursue the dream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/tim-crews/\">Tim Crews\u003c/a>, the institute's director of research, takes me on a little tour of the grounds at The Land Institute, and our first stop is a patch of native prairie. Crews gesture toward the carpet of grass, wildflowers and clover. \"This is the vegetation that actually builds soil. It's what created the rich soils that feed us, across the breadbasket of the Midwest,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These plants don't require reseeding. Their roots go deep into the earth, live right through the winter, and send up fresh green stems every spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Land Institute believes that we should be getting our staple foods from perennial plants like this. And they're feeling pretty excited at the Land Institute these days. They actually have some examples of grain from perennial plants to show off. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133362\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Plant breeder Lee DeHaan in a greenhouse at the Land Institute in Salina, Kan. These plants were created by cross-pollinating intermediate wheatgrass and regular wheat.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"550\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133362\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-160x55.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-800x275.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-768x264.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-1020x351.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-1200x413.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plant breeder Lee DeHaan in a greenhouse at the Land Institute in Salina, Kan. These plants were created by cross-pollinating intermediate wheatgrass and regular wheat. \u003ccite>(Dan Charles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The first is Kernza. The plant's real name is intermediate wheatgrass, but that struck people as kind of clunky, so they renamed it. It's a distant relative of regular wheat. It's never been grown as a grain crop because it doesn't produce nearly as much seed as wheat. But it is a perennial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past 15 years, plant breeder \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/lee-dehaan/\">Lee DeHaan\u003c/a> has been cross-pollinating individual Kernza plants. He grows them in greenhouses and in open fields and selects the best offspring, paying particular attention to the size of the seeds they make. Bigger seeds means a bigger harvest to mill into flour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He opens a paper bag to show me some recent results. \"As you can see, the seed is pretty small. It's about one-fifth the size of wheat,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he has been making progress. These seeds are twice as large as when the project started. The Land Institute has recruited farmers to grow Kernza in small fields (small for the Midwest, at least) of 40 acres or so. They're harvesting it with standard farm machinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeHaan recalls the day, years ago, when he realized that Kernza might be more than a long-term scientific experiment. He was visiting a farmer who'd grown a field of Kernza. The farmer had just finished his wheat harvest, and DeHaan asked if he'd be willing to try to harvest the Kernza field with his combine. \"He was kind of skeptical, but he was willing to give it a shot,\" DeHaan recalls. \"I'm riding with him in the combine, and it's starting to fill up his bin in the back. He was almost giddy; he was starting to giggle about it. He couldn't believe it was working.\" They ended up with almost a full semitrailer load of Kernza grain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even more remarkable: General Mills, the company that makes Cheerios and Wheaties, now says it \u003ca href=\"https://www.generalmills.com/en/News/NewsReleases/Library/2017/March/kernza-3-7\">wants\u003c/a> to make cereal out of it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133357\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/img_8512.cr2_enl-ab51cb000fe0265881c100b5a48a2b6b40996849-e1555622794379.jpg\" alt=\"Grain from intermediate wheatgrass, or Kernza. The Land Institute is recruiting farmers to grow larger quantities of the grain for General Mills.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1182\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133357\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grain from intermediate wheatgrass, or Kernza. The Land Institute is recruiting farmers to grow larger quantities of the grain for General Mills. \u003ccite>(Dan Charles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I think the R&D team saw this lovely grain and thought, 'There is something we can do with it,' \" says Maria Carolina Comings, marketing director for General Mills' organic brand, Cascadian Farm. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, General Mills gathered up all the Kernza grain that it could find, milled it, and made 6,000 small boxes of cereal to hand out as samples — and at events like the one this week in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's actually more regular wheat in this cereal than Kernza, and it looks and tastes kind of like Wheaties. It's pretty sweet. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But General Mills wants to market Kernza — eventually, when there's more of it available — as the first grain that grows like grass on the prairie, protecting the soil, taking carbon from the air and storing it in the earth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to scale this and be able to find it on any grocery store, sitting on the same shelves\" alongside every other cereal put out by General Mills' Cascadian Farm brand, Comings says. \"You can start to be part of the solution to climate change by eating a cereal, which is just so lovely.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Land Institute is recruiting farmers to grow larger quantities of Kernza, but they're telling people not to expect too much, too soon. \"Commercial production of Kernza in 2019 is akin to taking a car for a test drive when it's halfway down the assembly line,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/fred-iutzi/\">Fred Iutzi\u003c/a>, the institute's president. For one thing, Kernza produces small harvests right now — perhaps 500 pounds per acre. By comparison, the average U.S. field of wheat yields about 4,000 pounds per acre. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But long-term, the Land Institute also has grand ambitions. \"Our goal is not for it to be a small-scale, niche thing,\" says Lee DeHaan. \"We have landscape-scale problems,\" and to make a real impact, perennial grains need to cover the landscape. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/13/711144729/can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"133354 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=133354","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2019/04/18/can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1088,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":24},"modified":1555624244,"excerpt":"Some environmentalists say food production needs a fundamental reboot, with crops that stay rooted in the soil for years, like Kernza, a prairie grass. Even General Mills says it likes the idea.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"Some environmentalists say food production needs a fundamental reboot, with crops that stay rooted in the soil for years, like Kernza, a prairie grass. Even General Mills says it likes the idea.","title":"Can This Breakfast Cereal Help Save The Planet? | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Can This Breakfast Cereal Help Save The Planet?","datePublished":"2019-04-18T14:33:13-07:00","dateModified":"2019-04-18T14:50:44-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet","status":"publish","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=711144729&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","templateType":"standard","nprStoryDate":"Sat, 13 Apr 2019 08:16:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Sun, 14 Apr 2019 03:07:24 -0400","featuredImageType":"standard","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/13/711144729/can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet?ft=nprml&f=711144729","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2019/04/20190413_wesat_can_this_breakfast_cereal_help_save_the_planet.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1025&d=237&p=7&story=711144729&ft=nprml&f=711144729","nprImageAgency":"Olivia Sun/NPR","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1712997100-358c17.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1025&d=237&p=7&story=711144729&ft=nprml&f=711144729","nprStoryId":"711144729","nprByline":"Dan Charles, Weekend Edition Saturday","audioTrackLength":237,"nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Sun, 14 Apr 2019 03:07:00 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/133354/can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2019/04/20190413_wesat_can_this_breakfast_cereal_help_save_the_planet.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1025&d=237&p=7&story=711144729&ft=nprml&f=711144729","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>This past week in San Francisco, food writers and environmentalists gathered to taste some breakfast cereal. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This particular cereal had an ingredient — the milled seeds of a little-known plant called \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/our-work/perennial-crops/kernza/\">Kernza\u003c/a> — that's the result of a radical campaign to reinvent agriculture and reverse an environmentally disastrous choice made by our distant ancestors.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"nprOneAudioLink","attributes":{"named":{"src":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/wesat/2019/04/20190413_wesat_can_this_breakfast_cereal_help_save_the_planet.mp3"},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cbr>\n\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"aside","attributes":{"named":{"postid":"bayareabites_112980","label":"More About Kernza "},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The campaign began 40-some years ago with a scientist-environmentalist named \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/wes-jackson/\">Wes Jackson\u003c/a>. He argued that humanity took a wrong turn, thousands of years ago, when it came to rely on crops like wheat and rice for basic sustenance. These \"annual\" crops need replanting each year, \"which means that if you're going to get your seed to germinate, you've got to destroy the vegetation at the surface,\" clearing away anything that might compete with the fragile seedlings, Jackson \u003ca href=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4hWjj_mQCS0\">said\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>As farmers use tillage tools or herbicides to get rid of competing vegetation, they inevitably wipe away habitat for birds and insects. Bare soil washes away and pollutes streams and rivers. Tilling the soil releases vast amounts of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Jackson imagined a totally different style of farming. And he founded a small organization called \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/\">The Land Institute\u003c/a>, in Salina, Kan., to pursue the dream.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/tim-crews/\">Tim Crews\u003c/a>, the institute's director of research, takes me on a little tour of the grounds at The Land Institute, and our first stop is a patch of native prairie. Crews gesture toward the carpet of grass, wildflowers and clover. \"This is the vegetation that actually builds soil. It's what created the rich soils that feed us, across the breadbasket of the Midwest,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>These plants don't require reseeding. Their roots go deep into the earth, live right through the winter, and send up fresh green stems every spring.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Land Institute believes that we should be getting our staple foods from perennial plants like this. And they're feeling pretty excited at the Land Institute these days. They actually have some examples of grain from perennial plants to show off. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133362\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1600px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85.jpg\" alt=\"Plant breeder Lee DeHaan in a greenhouse at the Land Institute in Salina, Kan. These plants were created by cross-pollinating intermediate wheatgrass and regular wheat.\" width=\"1600\" height=\"550\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133362\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85.jpg 1600w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-160x55.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-800x275.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-768x264.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-1020x351.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/untitled-1_custom-4f870d54a7ec09eb57a01df1c1263a282feec35d-s1600-c85-1200x413.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1600px) 100vw, 1600px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Plant breeder Lee DeHaan in a greenhouse at the Land Institute in Salina, Kan. These plants were created by cross-pollinating intermediate wheatgrass and regular wheat. \u003ccite>(Dan Charles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>The first is Kernza. The plant's real name is intermediate wheatgrass, but that struck people as kind of clunky, so they renamed it. It's a distant relative of regular wheat. It's never been grown as a grain crop because it doesn't produce nearly as much seed as wheat. But it is a perennial.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>For the past 15 years, plant breeder \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/lee-dehaan/\">Lee DeHaan\u003c/a> has been cross-pollinating individual Kernza plants. He grows them in greenhouses and in open fields and selects the best offspring, paying particular attention to the size of the seeds they make. Bigger seeds means a bigger harvest to mill into flour.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>He opens a paper bag to show me some recent results. \"As you can see, the seed is pretty small. It's about one-fifth the size of wheat,\" he says. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But he has been making progress. These seeds are twice as large as when the project started. The Land Institute has recruited farmers to grow Kernza in small fields (small for the Midwest, at least) of 40 acres or so. They're harvesting it with standard farm machinery.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>DeHaan recalls the day, years ago, when he realized that Kernza might be more than a long-term scientific experiment. He was visiting a farmer who'd grown a field of Kernza. The farmer had just finished his wheat harvest, and DeHaan asked if he'd be willing to try to harvest the Kernza field with his combine. \"He was kind of skeptical, but he was willing to give it a shot,\" DeHaan recalls. \"I'm riding with him in the combine, and it's starting to fill up his bin in the back. He was almost giddy; he was starting to giggle about it. He couldn't believe it was working.\" They ended up with almost a full semitrailer load of Kernza grain.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even more remarkable: General Mills, the company that makes Cheerios and Wheaties, now says it \u003ca href=\"https://www.generalmills.com/en/News/NewsReleases/Library/2017/March/kernza-3-7\">wants\u003c/a> to make cereal out of it. \u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_133357\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1920px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2019/04/img_8512.cr2_enl-ab51cb000fe0265881c100b5a48a2b6b40996849-e1555622794379.jpg\" alt=\"Grain from intermediate wheatgrass, or Kernza. The Land Institute is recruiting farmers to grow larger quantities of the grain for General Mills.\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1182\" class=\"size-full wp-image-133357\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Grain from intermediate wheatgrass, or Kernza. The Land Institute is recruiting farmers to grow larger quantities of the grain for General Mills. \u003ccite>(Dan Charles/NPR)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>\"I think the R&D team saw this lovely grain and thought, 'There is something we can do with it,' \" says Maria Carolina Comings, marketing director for General Mills' organic brand, Cascadian Farm. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>In recent months, General Mills gathered up all the Kernza grain that it could find, milled it, and made 6,000 small boxes of cereal to hand out as samples — and at events like the one this week in San Francisco.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's actually more regular wheat in this cereal than Kernza, and it looks and tastes kind of like Wheaties. It's pretty sweet. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But General Mills wants to market Kernza — eventually, when there's more of it available — as the first grain that grows like grass on the prairie, protecting the soil, taking carbon from the air and storing it in the earth. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"We want to scale this and be able to find it on any grocery store, sitting on the same shelves\" alongside every other cereal put out by General Mills' Cascadian Farm brand, Comings says. \"You can start to be part of the solution to climate change by eating a cereal, which is just so lovely.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Land Institute is recruiting farmers to grow larger quantities of Kernza, but they're telling people not to expect too much, too soon. \"Commercial production of Kernza in 2019 is akin to taking a car for a test drive when it's halfway down the assembly line,\" says \u003ca href=\"https://landinstitute.org/about-us/staff/fred-iutzi/\">Fred Iutzi\u003c/a>, the institute's president. For one thing, Kernza produces small harvests right now — perhaps 500 pounds per acre. By comparison, the average U.S. field of wheat yields about 4,000 pounds per acre. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But long-term, the Land Institute also has grand ambitions. \"Our goal is not for it to be a small-scale, niche thing,\" says Lee DeHaan. \"We have landscape-scale problems,\" and to make a real impact, perennial grains need to cover the landscape. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003cb>Copyright 2019 NPR. To see more, visit \u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2019/04/13/711144729/can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet\">NPR.org\u003c/a>.\u003c/b>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/133354/can-this-breakfast-cereal-help-save-the-planet","authors":["byline_bayareabites_133354"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60"],"featImg":"bayareabites_133355","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_130962":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_130962","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"130962","score":null,"sort":[1539820277000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1539820277,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Not Just For Cows Anymore: New Cottonseed Is Safe For People To Eat","title":"Not Just For Cows Anymore: New Cottonseed Is Safe For People To Eat","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>You probably don't think of cotton as food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a good reason for that. Farmers grow it mostly for the fluffy white fibers that turn into T-shirts or sheets. Cotton plants do produce seeds, but those seeds are poisonous, at least to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, though,the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/biotechnology/brs-news-and-information/2018_brs_news/texas_am_low_gossypol_cotton\">approved\u003c/a> a new kind of cotton — one that's been genetically engineered so that the seeds are safe to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The invention promises to open new markets for cottonseed, and it could give cotton farming a big boost. Because cotton plants are prodigious seed producers: Every pound of cotton fiber, or lint, comes with 1.6 pounds of seed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're getting more cottonseed than you are lint,\" says Greg Holt, who leads research on cotton production and processing at a USDA research station in Lubbock, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each seed is the size of a small peanut. In principle, it could be highly nutritious. It contains lots of oil and protein. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is that the seeds, like the cotton plant's leaves, contain little dark glands full of something called gossypol. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Gossypol in and of itself is a toxin,\" explains Holt. It's helpful for the cotton plant, because it helps fend off insect pests. But it makes the seed unhealthy for people to eat. It's toxic to most animals, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there are limited options for the 40 million tons of cottonseed that stream out of cotton gins around the world each year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seed can go in one of two directions,\" Holt says. \"You're either going to the dairy industry, or you're going to the oil mill.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cows don't mind gossypol; their digestive systems can handle it. And the oil mills are set up to crush the seed and then purify the oil, removing the gossypol, so you can use it in human food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://ipgb.tamu.edu/people/rathore-keerti-s/\">Keerti Rathore\u003c/a> wanted to expand those options. So 23 years ago, when he arrived at Texas A&M University, he set out to make a cotton plant with seeds that people can eat. \"This was my first project, and hopefully it's coming to an end, and a good conclusion,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rathore inserted a new piece of DNA into the cotton plant. In the plant's seeds, it turned off a key gene, the one responsible for producing gossypol. The gene stayed active in the rest of the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it \u003ca href=\"https://today.tamu.edu/2018/10/16/edible-cottonseed-research-at-texas-am-receives-usda-approval/\">worked\u003c/a>. There's still gossypol in leaves of this genetically engineered plant, to protect against insects. But the seeds are almost completely gossypol-free. They're safe to eat. Cut them open, and they even look different. They don't have those little dark glands. Researchers at Texas A&M tested the plants in greenhouses and small field plots. They also roasted a few and ate them. Rathore says they taste like chickpeas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Department of Agriculture gave this new cotton a green light. Anybody in the U.S. can grow them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the seeds can be sold as food or feed, they'll need approval from the Food and Drug Administration. If that happens, all kind of doors will open. Cottonseed could be used to feed chickens, or fish. The meal could go into protein bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rathore's real goal, though, is to see it growing in places like India, where he grew up; places where a lot of people aren't eating well. \"A lot of these countries that do suffer from malnutrition are also cotton producers,\" he says. \"So I think that those countries may benefit much more from this technology.\" China and India are the world's two top cotton-growing countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas A&M is already talking to seed companies that could breed this new genetic trait into cotton varieties that they sell to farmers in the U.S. and abroad. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Not+Just+For+Cows+Anymore%3A+New+Cottonseed+Is+Safe+For+People+To+Eat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"130962 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=130962","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2018/10/17/not-just-for-cows-anymore-new-cottonseed-is-safe-for-people-to-eat/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":664,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":20},"modified":1539820277,"excerpt":"Cottonseed is full of protein but toxic to humans and most animals. The USDA has approved a genetically engineered cotton with edible seeds. They could eventually feed chickens, fish — or even people.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"Cottonseed is full of protein but toxic to humans and most animals. The USDA has approved a genetically engineered cotton with edible seeds. They could eventually feed chickens, fish — or even people.","title":"Not Just For Cows Anymore: New Cottonseed Is Safe For People To Eat | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Not Just For Cows Anymore: New Cottonseed Is Safe For People To Eat","datePublished":"2018-10-17T16:51:17-07:00","dateModified":"2018-10-17T16:51:17-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"not-just-for-cows-anymore-new-cottonseed-is-safe-for-people-to-eat","status":"publish","nprApiLink":"http://api.npr.org/query?id=658221327&apiKey=MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004","nprStoryDate":"Wed, 17 Oct 2018 16:38:00 -0400","nprLastModifiedDate":"Wed, 17 Oct 2018 18:05:48 -0400","nprHtmlLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2018/10/17/658221327/not-just-for-cows-anymore-new-cottonseed-is-safe-for-people-to-eat?ft=nprml&f=658221327","nprAudio":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2018/10/20181017_atc_not_just_for_cows_anymore_new_cottonseed_is_safe_for_people_to_eat.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1007&d=175&p=2&story=658221327&ft=nprml&f=658221327","nprImageAgency":"Texas A&M University","nprAudioM3u":"http://api.npr.org/m3u/1658253921-6f5b7c.m3u?orgId=1&topicId=1007&d=175&p=2&story=658221327&ft=nprml&f=658221327","nprStoryId":"658221327","nprByline":"Dan Charles, All Things Considered","audioTrackLength":176,"nprImageCredit":"Courtesy of Lacey Roberts","nprRetrievedStory":"1","nprPubDate":"Wed, 17 Oct 2018 18:42:00 -0400","path":"/bayareabites/130962/not-just-for-cows-anymore-new-cottonseed-is-safe-for-people-to-eat","audioUrl":"https://ondemand.npr.org/anon.npr-mp3/npr/atc/2018/10/20181017_atc_not_just_for_cows_anymore_new_cottonseed_is_safe_for_people_to_eat.mp3?orgId=1&topicId=1007&d=175&p=2&story=658221327&ft=nprml&f=658221327","parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>You probably don't think of cotton as food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>There's a good reason for that. Farmers grow it mostly for the fluffy white fibers that turn into T-shirts or sheets. Cotton plants do produce seeds, but those seeds are poisonous, at least to humans.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, though,the U.S. Department of Agriculture \u003ca href=\"https://www.aphis.usda.gov/aphis/ourfocus/biotechnology/brs-news-and-information/2018_brs_news/texas_am_low_gossypol_cotton\">approved\u003c/a> a new kind of cotton — one that's been genetically engineered so that the seeds are safe to eat.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The invention promises to open new markets for cottonseed, and it could give cotton farming a big boost. Because cotton plants are prodigious seed producers: Every pound of cotton fiber, or lint, comes with 1.6 pounds of seed.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"You're getting more cottonseed than you are lint,\" says Greg Holt, who leads research on cotton production and processing at a USDA research station in Lubbock, Texas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Each seed is the size of a small peanut. In principle, it could be highly nutritious. It contains lots of oil and protein. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The problem is that the seeds, like the cotton plant's leaves, contain little dark glands full of something called gossypol. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Gossypol in and of itself is a toxin,\" explains Holt. It's helpful for the cotton plant, because it helps fend off insect pests. But it makes the seed unhealthy for people to eat. It's toxic to most animals, too.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>So there are limited options for the 40 million tons of cottonseed that stream out of cotton gins around the world each year. \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\"Seed can go in one of two directions,\" Holt says. \"You're either going to the dairy industry, or you're going to the oil mill.\" \u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Cows don't mind gossypol; their digestive systems can handle it. And the oil mills are set up to crush the seed and then purify the oil, removing the gossypol, so you can use it in human food.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>But \u003ca href=\"https://ipgb.tamu.edu/people/rathore-keerti-s/\">Keerti Rathore\u003c/a> wanted to expand those options. So 23 years ago, when he arrived at Texas A&M University, he set out to make a cotton plant with seeds that people can eat. \"This was my first project, and hopefully it's coming to an end, and a good conclusion,\" he says.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rathore inserted a new piece of DNA into the cotton plant. In the plant's seeds, it turned off a key gene, the one responsible for producing gossypol. The gene stayed active in the rest of the plant.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>And it \u003ca href=\"https://today.tamu.edu/2018/10/16/edible-cottonseed-research-at-texas-am-receives-usda-approval/\">worked\u003c/a>. There's still gossypol in leaves of this genetically engineered plant, to protect against insects. But the seeds are almost completely gossypol-free. They're safe to eat. Cut them open, and they even look different. They don't have those little dark glands. Researchers at Texas A&M tested the plants in greenhouses and small field plots. They also roasted a few and ate them. Rathore says they taste like chickpeas.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>This week, the U.S. Department of Agriculture gave this new cotton a green light. Anybody in the U.S. can grow them.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Before the seeds can be sold as food or feed, they'll need approval from the Food and Drug Administration. If that happens, all kind of doors will open. Cottonseed could be used to feed chickens, or fish. The meal could go into protein bars.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Rathore's real goal, though, is to see it growing in places like India, where he grew up; places where a lot of people aren't eating well. \"A lot of these countries that do suffer from malnutrition are also cotton producers,\" he says. \"So I think that those countries may benefit much more from this technology.\" China and India are the world's two top cotton-growing countries.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Texas A&M is already talking to seed companies that could breed this new genetic trait into cotton varieties that they sell to farmers in the U.S. and abroad. \u003c/p>\n\u003cdiv class=\"fullattribution\">Copyright 2018 NPR. To see more, visit http://www.npr.org/.\u003cimg src=\"https://www.google-analytics.com/__utm.gif?utmac=UA-5828686-4&utmdt=Not+Just+For+Cows+Anymore%3A+New+Cottonseed+Is+Safe+For+People+To+Eat&utme=8(APIKey)9(MDAxOTAwOTE4MDEyMTkxMDAzNjczZDljZA004)\">\u003c/div>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/130962/not-just-for-cows-anymore-new-cottonseed-is-safe-for-people-to-eat","authors":["byline_bayareabites_130962"],"categories":["bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_4084","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_1245","bayareabites_10916","bayareabites_358"],"featImg":"bayareabites_130963","label":"bayareabites"},"bayareabites_130703":{"type":"posts","id":"bayareabites_130703","meta":{"index":"posts_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"130703","score":null,"sort":[1538585839000]},"parent":0,"labelTerm":{"site":"bayareabites"},"blocks":[],"publishDate":1538585839,"format":"standard","disqusTitle":"Long Meadow Ranch Takes a Full-Circle Approach to Farming in Wine Country","title":"Long Meadow Ranch Takes a Full-Circle Approach to Farming in Wine Country","headTitle":"Bay Area Bites | KQED Food","content":"\u003cp>Visitors to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sthelena.com/\">St. Helena\u003c/a>, Napa Valley’s chic epicenter, frequently stop at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.longmeadowranch.com/eat-drink/restaurant\">Farmstead\u003c/a>, a restaurant, cafe, farmstand, and general store known for seasonal, locally grown, and organic fare. To most, it’s a destination restaurant-winery, one of a handful of exceptional Wine Country establishments. But the deviled eggs and sauvignon blanc and the caramelized beets and cabernet tell a different story, one of heritage-breed chickens raised on the farm, certified organic vineyards, 150-year-old olive groves, and acres of heirloom fruits and vegetables. That’s the story of \u003ca href=\"http://www.longmeadowranch.com/\">Long Meadow Ranch\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130706\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo.jpg\" alt=\"Ted Hall, Laddie Hall, and Chris Hall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130706\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ted Hall, Laddie Hall, and Chris Hall. \u003ccite>(Long Meadow Ranch)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost 30 years ago, Ted and Laddie Hall entered the wine business with a plan to prove that they could produce world-class vintages using sustainable, organic farming methods. But unlike Napa’s dominant vinters, it wasn’t just wine they were after. According to their son Chris, the Halls wanted to create an “organic, sustainable, integrated farming system that relies on each part of the ranch to contribute to the health of the whole.” It was a pioneering approach they called “full circle farming,” an approach that is unique in its depth and scope among Napa Valley wineries today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Halls found their first property, a tangled mass of overgrown vegetation, in the Mayacamas Mountains above St. Helena. They set about restoring the neglected estate, father Ted and son Chris exploring the land from the backs of their spotted Appaloosas. “We quickly knew the potential,” says Chris Hall, who is now executive vice president and chief operating officer of Long Meadow Ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, there were surprises in store: In 1992, the pair discovered 250 olive trees concealed by masses of Douglas fir and digger pines; three years later, they found a second olive grove. While DNA tests have not been able to identify the variety of olive, the now-restored trees have been dated to 1870, making them the oldest of a handful of historic olive groves in Napa dating back to the end of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130707\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg\" alt=\"The historic olive groves at Long Meadow Ranch.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The historic olive groves at Long Meadow Ranch. \u003ccite>(Shoshi Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, Long Meadow Ranch also cultivates over 200 varieties of heirloom fruits and vegetables, heritage breeds of laying poultry including Ameraucanas and Black Australorps, honey, several hundred head of Highland cattle, and more on 2,000 acres of land spread out over five properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad fullwidth]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The different areas of the ranch work in tandem—the poultry feast on overripe or damaged fruits and veggies, the bees pollinate the vineyards, the chickens’ manure augments the Ranch’s extensive composting operation, and Haflinger and Norwegian Fjord horses plow the potato fields. Everything produced on the farm is certified organic by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/\">CCOF\u003c/a>; their newest vineyards earned organic certification in 2017 after a multi-year process involving a reduction of resource inputs, the elimination of all pesticides, and a plan to encourage ecological diversity and healthy soil and vines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have learned that organic farming methods produce higher quality at lower cost, with real consumer benefits,” says Hall. Heirloom and heritage produce and animals have been chosen for similar reasons. “There’s an agricultural heritage that we’re trying to preserve,” explains harvest manager Charlie McIntosh. “Heritage breeds are heartier, with a genetic resiliency that connects to flavor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg\" alt=\"Bourbon Red Turkeys.\" width=\"1080\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130708\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg 1080w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-800x556.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-768x533.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1020x708.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-960x667.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-520x361.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bourbon Red Turkeys. \u003ccite>(Shoshi Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That genetic resiliency is one of the key scientific principles grounding the farming practices at Long Meadow Ranch; another is water conservation—fundamentally important in this drought-prone region, Hall says. Long Meadow uses both dry farming and deficit irrigation to reduce their water use, resulting in roughly 25-30 gallons per vine per year, compared to an average winegrower’s 100-120 gallons per vine, according to winemaker Stéphane Vivier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farming at Long Meadow is underpinned by the “systems engineering” perspective Ted Hall acquired while attending Princeton as an electrical engineering student. The farm is “a holistic system with many feedback loops,” he says, in which each piece affects the whole. Some of his ideas about organic, sustainable growing, however, go back much farther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was a child I spent a lot of time with my grandfather [who grew produce for a small grocery store in Pennsylvania] learning to turn a compost pile and making soapy water and nicotine water to use as natural pesticides,” he recalls. As a 4-H member, he raised chickens and Hampshire lambs and sold eggs. Later, as a graduate student at Stanford in the early 1970s, Hall and wife Laddie helped to re-start a defunct community garden. On the side, Hall made wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen years later, the Halls took the leap from amateur to professional, purchasing their first Napa property in 1989. Last year, Ted Hall was voted the \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/community/star/news/local/ted-hall-named-grower-of-the-year/article_40e16f1a-22f7-5786-9e02-c96bd8f79914.html\">Napa Valley Grower of the Year by Napa Valley Grapegrowers\u003c/a> for his leadership, his commitment to sustainability, and his community focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Rare Breed of Wine Country Farmer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the big picture, Napa isn’t strictly monocultural—vegetable, field, and floral crops, as well as livestock and poultry, are raised throughout the county—but all of these products combined make up \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/DocumentCenter/View/8426/2017-Crop-Report--English\">less than 1 percent\u003c/a> of the region’s gross agricultural value. The rest is generated by fruit and nut crops, especially vineyards and olive groves, which are planted on about 46,000 acres. And although there are more than 30 varieties of grapes cultivated in Napa Valley, there has lately been a significant shift toward cabernet sauvignon, which fetches the second-highest price on the market and now makes up 50 percent of grapes grown in Napa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg\" alt=\"Vegetables and grapevines growing at Long Meadow Ranch.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130709\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vegetables and grapevines growing at Long Meadow Ranch. \u003ccite>(Shoshi Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not that Napa vintners aren’t planting other crops. According to Korinne Munson, director of communications at \u003ca href=\"https://napavintners.com/\">Napa Valley Vintners\u003c/a>, many winegrowers do plant cover crops like legumes and mustard among their vines, use sheep and goats to remove vegetation, and have vegetable gardens, but, in most cases, these things are done to promote the healthy growth of the vines and for small-scale consumption—most vinters identify themselves and their properties as responsible growers of wine grapes, not diversified farmers producing a wide variety of agricultural products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those that produce nuts, spices and vegetables on a large, commercial scale are few and far between.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fao.org/agroecology/knowledge/10-elements/diversity/en/\">Many believe\u003c/a> that crop diversification is one of the keys to a robust agricultural future. Not only is it a \u003ca href=\"http://sustainableagriculture.net/blog/ics-diversification-report-iowa/\">cost-effective means of improving agricultural resilience\u003c/a> by decreasing the transmission of pathogens and quelling pest outbreaks, diversification can provide alternate income streams that may help to keep a farmer’s head above water in the event of disease or disaster. Part of the problem for smaller vintners, however, is the market, itself. Whereas Long Meadow generates its own internal economy for selling vegetables, poultry, and olive oil on their Farmstead property and at their restaurant, says Munson, it’s a luxury that most wine grape producers can’t afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Long Meadow Ranch is one of the few vinter/growers in the Napa Valley that has diversified their operations so extensively,” says Novi. A small, select group of other highly diversified wine operations similarly depend on a self-generated outlet for selling products beyond wine. Novi points to two other examples: \u003ca href=\"https://hudsonranch.com/\">Hudson Vineyards\u003c/a>, which raises heritage breed pigs and goats, grows vegetables and runs a small grocery called Hudson Greens and Goods; and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cliffamily.com/\">Clif Family\u003c/a>, which produces nuts, olive oil, spices, and produce which are prepared in dishes served out of their Bruschetteria Food Truck at their tasting room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography.jpg\" alt=\"The Farmstead restaurant at Long Meadows Ranch.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"801\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-768x513.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-1180x788.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-960x641.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Farmstead restaurant at Long Meadows Ranch. \u003ccite>(Shea Evans Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Long Meadow can be “a little bit more of a champion for those diversified products because they’re feeding more people,” says Munson. Despite their larger footprint, the Ranch has stayed true to their original goals of stewardship and sustainability. “The growth has been thoughtful. Our vision has always been, with wine or anything else, to grow the right crop or the right variety in the ideal environment or location or soil or microclimate for what we’re doing,” says Chris Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the Farmstead, the fruits of Long Meadow Ranch’s full-circle farming philosophy are on full display. Executive Chef Stephen Barber surveys the farm daily, creating new dishes for the restaurant’s menu as produce comes into season. The general store sells hot sauce made from estate-grown chilis, honey from the Ranch’s bee colony, and Prato Lungo olive oil from the historic olive groves. The on-site farmstand and other nearby farmers’ markets sell Long Meadow’s fresh, organic produce directly to consumers. And there’s the estate-grown wine, which flows generously in the restaurant, at regular outdoor community events, happy hours, and in tastings at the general store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the different facets contribute to one another,” says Chris Hall. “We are committed to proving that world-class quality and responsible farming go hand in hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Update: This article was updated to accurately reflect the organic certification information for Long Meadow Ranch.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>[ad floatright]\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2018/09/25/long-meadow-ranch-takes-a-full-circle-approach-to-farming-in-wine-country/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n","disqusIdentifier":"130703 https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/?p=130703","disqusUrl":"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/2018/10/03/long-meadow-ranch-takes-a-full-circle-approach-to-farming-in-wine-country/","stats":{"hasVideo":false,"hasChartOrMap":false,"hasAudio":false,"hasPolis":false,"wordCount":1576,"hasGoogleForm":false,"hasGallery":false,"hasHearkenModule":false,"iframeSrcs":[],"paragraphCount":23},"modified":1538585839,"excerpt":"For nearly 30 years, the Hall family—Ted, Laddie, and son Chris—have pioneered a holistic, ecosystem-focused approach on their diversified farm amidst the sprawling vineyards of Napa, California.","headData":{"twImgId":"","twTitle":"","ogTitle":"","ogImgId":"","twDescription":"","description":"For nearly 30 years, the Hall family—Ted, Laddie, and son Chris—have pioneered a holistic, ecosystem-focused approach on their diversified farm amidst the sprawling vineyards of Napa, California.","title":"Long Meadow Ranch Takes a Full-Circle Approach to Farming in Wine Country | KQED","ogDescription":"","schema":{"@context":"http://schema.org","@type":"Article","headline":"Long Meadow Ranch Takes a Full-Circle Approach to Farming in Wine Country","datePublished":"2018-10-03T09:57:19-07:00","dateModified":"2018-10-03T09:57:19-07:00","image":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"}},"guestAuthors":[],"slug":"long-meadow-ranch-takes-a-full-circle-approach-to-farming-in-wine-country","status":"publish","path":"/bayareabites/130703/long-meadow-ranch-takes-a-full-circle-approach-to-farming-in-wine-country","audioTrackLength":null,"parsedContent":[{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003cp>Visitors to \u003ca href=\"https://www.sthelena.com/\">St. Helena\u003c/a>, Napa Valley’s chic epicenter, frequently stop at the \u003ca href=\"http://www.longmeadowranch.com/eat-drink/restaurant\">Farmstead\u003c/a>, a restaurant, cafe, farmstand, and general store known for seasonal, locally grown, and organic fare. To most, it’s a destination restaurant-winery, one of a handful of exceptional Wine Country establishments. But the deviled eggs and sauvignon blanc and the caramelized beets and cabernet tell a different story, one of heritage-breed chickens raised on the farm, certified organic vineyards, 150-year-old olive groves, and acres of heirloom fruits and vegetables. That’s the story of \u003ca href=\"http://www.longmeadowranch.com/\">Long Meadow Ranch\u003c/a>.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130706\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 800px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo.jpg\" alt=\"Ted Hall, Laddie Hall, and Chris Hall.\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130706\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-hall-family-photo-520x346.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Ted Hall, Laddie Hall, and Chris Hall. \u003ccite>(Long Meadow Ranch)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Almost 30 years ago, Ted and Laddie Hall entered the wine business with a plan to prove that they could produce world-class vintages using sustainable, organic farming methods. But unlike Napa’s dominant vinters, it wasn’t just wine they were after. According to their son Chris, the Halls wanted to create an “organic, sustainable, integrated farming system that relies on each part of the ranch to contribute to the health of the whole.” It was a pioneering approach they called “full circle farming,” an approach that is unique in its depth and scope among Napa Valley wineries today.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The Halls found their first property, a tangled mass of overgrown vegetation, in the Mayacamas Mountains above St. Helena. They set about restoring the neglected estate, father Ted and son Chris exploring the land from the backs of their spotted Appaloosas. “We quickly knew the potential,” says Chris Hall, who is now executive vice president and chief operating officer of Long Meadow Ranch.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Even so, there were surprises in store: In 1992, the pair discovered 250 olive trees concealed by masses of Douglas fir and digger pines; three years later, they found a second olive grove. While DNA tests have not been able to identify the variety of olive, the now-restored trees have been dated to 1870, making them the oldest of a handful of historic olive groves in Napa dating back to the end of the 19th century.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130707\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg\" alt=\"The historic olive groves at Long Meadow Ranch.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130707\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-historic-olive-grove-credit-Shoshi-Parks-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The historic olive groves at Long Meadow Ranch. \u003ccite>(Shoshi Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>These days, Long Meadow Ranch also cultivates over 200 varieties of heirloom fruits and vegetables, heritage breeds of laying poultry including Ameraucanas and Black Australorps, honey, several hundred head of Highland cattle, and more on 2,000 acres of land spread out over five properties.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"fullwidth"},"numeric":["fullwidth"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>The different areas of the ranch work in tandem—the poultry feast on overripe or damaged fruits and veggies, the bees pollinate the vineyards, the chickens’ manure augments the Ranch’s extensive composting operation, and Haflinger and Norwegian Fjord horses plow the potato fields. Everything produced on the farm is certified organic by the \u003ca href=\"https://www.ccof.org/\">CCOF\u003c/a>; their newest vineyards earned organic certification in 2017 after a multi-year process involving a reduction of resource inputs, the elimination of all pesticides, and a plan to encourage ecological diversity and healthy soil and vines.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“We have learned that organic farming methods produce higher quality at lower cost, with real consumer benefits,” says Hall. Heirloom and heritage produce and animals have been chosen for similar reasons. “There’s an agricultural heritage that we’re trying to preserve,” explains harvest manager Charlie McIntosh. “Heritage breeds are heartier, with a genetic resiliency that connects to flavor.”\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130708\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1080px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg\" alt=\"Bourbon Red Turkeys.\" width=\"1080\" height=\"750\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130708\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg 1080w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-160x111.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-800x556.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-768x533.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1020x708.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-960x667.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-240x167.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-375x260.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-Bourbon-Red-Turkeys-credit-Shoshi-Parks-520x361.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1080px) 100vw, 1080px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Bourbon Red Turkeys. \u003ccite>(Shoshi Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>That genetic resiliency is one of the key scientific principles grounding the farming practices at Long Meadow Ranch; another is water conservation—fundamentally important in this drought-prone region, Hall says. Long Meadow uses both dry farming and deficit irrigation to reduce their water use, resulting in roughly 25-30 gallons per vine per year, compared to an average winegrower’s 100-120 gallons per vine, according to winemaker Stéphane Vivier.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Farming at Long Meadow is underpinned by the “systems engineering” perspective Ted Hall acquired while attending Princeton as an electrical engineering student. The farm is “a holistic system with many feedback loops,” he says, in which each piece affects the whole. Some of his ideas about organic, sustainable growing, however, go back much farther.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“When I was a child I spent a lot of time with my grandfather [who grew produce for a small grocery store in Pennsylvania] learning to turn a compost pile and making soapy water and nicotine water to use as natural pesticides,” he recalls. As a 4-H member, he raised chickens and Hampshire lambs and sold eggs. Later, as a graduate student at Stanford in the early 1970s, Hall and wife Laddie helped to re-start a defunct community garden. On the side, Hall made wine.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Seventeen years later, the Halls took the leap from amateur to professional, purchasing their first Napa property in 1989. Last year, Ted Hall was voted the \u003ca href=\"https://napavalleyregister.com/community/star/news/local/ted-hall-named-grower-of-the-year/article_40e16f1a-22f7-5786-9e02-c96bd8f79914.html\">Napa Valley Grower of the Year by Napa Valley Grapegrowers\u003c/a> for his leadership, his commitment to sustainability, and his community focus.\u003c/p>\n\u003ch2>A Rare Breed of Wine Country Farmer\u003c/h2>\n\u003cp>In the big picture, Napa isn’t strictly monocultural—vegetable, field, and floral crops, as well as livestock and poultry, are raised throughout the county—but all of these products combined make up \u003ca href=\"https://www.countyofnapa.org/DocumentCenter/View/8426/2017-Crop-Report--English\">less than 1 percent\u003c/a> of the region’s gross agricultural value. The rest is generated by fruit and nut crops, especially vineyards and olive groves, which are planted on about 46,000 acres. And although there are more than 30 varieties of grapes cultivated in Napa Valley, there has lately been a significant shift toward cabernet sauvignon, which fetches the second-highest price on the market and now makes up 50 percent of grapes grown in Napa.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130709\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg\" alt=\"Vegetables and grapevines growing at Long Meadow Ranch.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130709\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-800x533.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-768x512.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1020x680.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-1180x787.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-960x640.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-napa-valley-veggies-and-vines-credit-Shoshi-Parks-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">Vegetables and grapevines growing at Long Meadow Ranch. \u003ccite>(Shoshi Parks)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>It’s not that Napa vintners aren’t planting other crops. According to Korinne Munson, director of communications at \u003ca href=\"https://napavintners.com/\">Napa Valley Vintners\u003c/a>, many winegrowers do plant cover crops like legumes and mustard among their vines, use sheep and goats to remove vegetation, and have vegetable gardens, but, in most cases, these things are done to promote the healthy growth of the vines and for small-scale consumption—most vinters identify themselves and their properties as responsible growers of wine grapes, not diversified farmers producing a wide variety of agricultural products.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Those that produce nuts, spices and vegetables on a large, commercial scale are few and far between.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ca href=\"http://www.fao.org/agroecology/knowledge/10-elements/diversity/en/\">Many believe\u003c/a> that crop diversification is one of the keys to a robust agricultural future. Not only is it a \u003ca href=\"http://sustainableagriculture.net/blog/ics-diversification-report-iowa/\">cost-effective means of improving agricultural resilience\u003c/a> by decreasing the transmission of pathogens and quelling pest outbreaks, diversification can provide alternate income streams that may help to keep a farmer’s head above water in the event of disease or disaster. Part of the problem for smaller vintners, however, is the market, itself. Whereas Long Meadow generates its own internal economy for selling vegetables, poultry, and olive oil on their Farmstead property and at their restaurant, says Munson, it’s a luxury that most wine grape producers can’t afford.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“Long Meadow Ranch is one of the few vinter/growers in the Napa Valley that has diversified their operations so extensively,” says Novi. A small, select group of other highly diversified wine operations similarly depend on a self-generated outlet for selling products beyond wine. Novi points to two other examples: \u003ca href=\"https://hudsonranch.com/\">Hudson Vineyards\u003c/a>, which raises heritage breed pigs and goats, grows vegetables and runs a small grocery called Hudson Greens and Goods; and \u003ca href=\"https://www.cliffamily.com/\">Clif Family\u003c/a>, which produces nuts, olive oil, spices, and produce which are prepared in dishes served out of their Bruschetteria Food Truck at their tasting room.\u003c/p>\n\u003cfigure id=\"attachment_130710\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\" style=\"max-width: 1200px\">\u003cimg src=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/bayareabites/wp-content/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography.jpg\" alt=\"The Farmstead restaurant at Long Meadows Ranch.\" width=\"1200\" height=\"801\" class=\"size-full wp-image-130710\" srcset=\"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography.jpg 1200w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-160x107.jpg 160w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-800x534.jpg 800w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-768x513.jpg 768w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-1020x681.jpg 1020w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-1180x788.jpg 1180w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-960x641.jpg 960w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-240x160.jpg 240w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-375x250.jpg 375w, https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/sites/24/2018/10/180925-long-meadow-ranch-farmstead-interior-napa-valley-credit-shea-evans-photography-520x347.jpg 520w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\">\u003cfigcaption class=\"wp-caption-text\">The Farmstead restaurant at Long Meadows Ranch. \u003ccite>(Shea Evans Photography)\u003c/cite>\u003c/figcaption>\u003c/figure>\n\u003cp>Long Meadow can be “a little bit more of a champion for those diversified products because they’re feeding more people,” says Munson. Despite their larger footprint, the Ranch has stayed true to their original goals of stewardship and sustainability. “The growth has been thoughtful. Our vision has always been, with wine or anything else, to grow the right crop or the right variety in the ideal environment or location or soil or microclimate for what we’re doing,” says Chris Hall.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>Back at the Farmstead, the fruits of Long Meadow Ranch’s full-circle farming philosophy are on full display. Executive Chef Stephen Barber surveys the farm daily, creating new dishes for the restaurant’s menu as produce comes into season. The general store sells hot sauce made from estate-grown chilis, honey from the Ranch’s bee colony, and Prato Lungo olive oil from the historic olive groves. The on-site farmstand and other nearby farmers’ markets sell Long Meadow’s fresh, organic produce directly to consumers. And there’s the estate-grown wine, which flows generously in the restaurant, at regular outdoor community events, happy hours, and in tastings at the general store.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>“All the different facets contribute to one another,” says Chris Hall. “We are committed to proving that world-class quality and responsible farming go hand in hand.\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>Update: This article was updated to accurately reflect the organic certification information for Long Meadow Ranch.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003c/p>\u003c/div>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}},{"type":"component","content":"","name":"ad","attributes":{"named":{"label":"floatright"},"numeric":["floatright"]}},{"type":"contentString","content":"\u003cdiv class=\"post-body\">\u003cp>\u003c/p>\n\u003cp>\u003ci>This article originally appeared on \u003ca href=\"https://civileats.com/2018/09/25/long-meadow-ranch-takes-a-full-circle-approach-to-farming-in-wine-country/\">Civil Eats\u003c/a>.\u003c/i>\u003c/p>\n\n\u003c/div>\u003c/p>","attributes":{"named":{},"numeric":[]}}],"link":"/bayareabites/130703/long-meadow-ranch-takes-a-full-circle-approach-to-farming-in-wine-country","authors":["5583"],"categories":["bayareabites_109","bayareabites_13718","bayareabites_1874","bayareabites_95","bayareabites_11028","bayareabites_10028","bayareabites_2554","bayareabites_15155","bayareabites_358","bayareabites_60"],"featImg":"bayareabites_130705","label":"bayareabites"}},"programsReducer":{"possible":{"id":"possible","title":"Possible","info":"Possible is hosted by entrepreneur Reid Hoffman and writer Aria Finger. Together in Possible, Hoffman and Finger lead enlightening discussions about building a brighter collective future. The show features interviews with visionary guests like Trevor Noah, Sam Altman and Janette Sadik-Khan. Possible paints an optimistic portrait of the world we can create through science, policy, business, art and our shared humanity. It asks: What if everything goes right for once? How can we get there? Each episode also includes a short fiction story generated by advanced AI GPT-4, serving as a thought-provoking springboard to speculate how humanity could leverage technology for good.","airtime":"SUN 2pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Possible-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.possible.fm/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Possible"},"link":"/radio/program/possible","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/possible/id1677184070","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/730YpdUSNlMyPQwNnyjp4k"}},"1a":{"id":"1a","title":"1A","info":"1A is home to the national conversation. 1A brings on great guests and frames the best debate in ways that make you think, share and engage.","airtime":"MON-THU 11pm-12am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/1a.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://the1a.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/1a","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=1188724250&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/1A-p947376/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510316/podcast.xml"}},"all-things-considered":{"id":"all-things-considered","title":"All Things Considered","info":"Every weekday, \u003cem>All Things Considered\u003c/em> hosts Robert Siegel, Audie Cornish, Ari Shapiro, and Kelly McEvers present the program's trademark mix of news, interviews, commentaries, reviews, and offbeat features. Michel Martin hosts on the weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 1pm-2pm, 4:30pm-6:30pm\u003cbr />SAT-SUN 5pm-6pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/All-Things-Considered-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/all-things-considered/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/all-things-considered"},"american-suburb-podcast":{"id":"american-suburb-podcast","title":"American Suburb: The Podcast","tagline":"The flip side of gentrification, told through one town","info":"Gentrification is changing cities across America, forcing people from neighborhoods they have long called home. Call them the displaced. Now those priced out of the Bay Area are looking for a better life in an unlikely place. American Suburb follows this migration to one California town along the Delta, 45 miles from San Francisco. But is this once sleepy suburb ready for them?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/American-Suburb-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"13"},"link":"/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/RBrW","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=1287748328","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/American-Suburb-p1086805/","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/american-suburb-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMzMDExODgxNjA5"}},"baycurious":{"id":"baycurious","title":"Bay Curious","tagline":"Exploring the Bay Area, one question at a time","info":"KQED’s new podcast, Bay Curious, gets to the bottom of the mysteries — both profound and peculiar — that give the Bay Area its unique identity. And we’ll do it with your help! You ask the questions. You decide what Bay Curious investigates. And you join us on the journey to find the answers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Bay-Curious-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED Bay Curious","officialWebsiteLink":"/news/series/baycurious","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"4"},"link":"/podcasts/baycurious","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/bay-curious/id1172473406","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/500557090/bay-curious","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/category/bay-curious-podcast/feed/podcast","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS9iYXktY3VyaW91cy1wb2RjYXN0L2ZlZWQvcG9kY2FzdA","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/bay-curious","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/6O76IdmhixfijmhTZLIJ8k"}},"bbc-world-service":{"id":"bbc-world-service","title":"BBC World Service","info":"The day's top stories from BBC News compiled twice daily in the week, once at weekends.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9pm-10pm, TUE-FRI 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/BBC-World-Service-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/sounds/play/live:bbc_world_service","meta":{"site":"news","source":"BBC World Service"},"link":"/radio/program/bbc-world-service","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/global-news-podcast/id135067274?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/BBC-World-Service-p455581/","rss":"https://podcasts.files.bbci.co.uk/p02nq0gn.rss"}},"code-switch-life-kit":{"id":"code-switch-life-kit","title":"Code Switch / Life Kit","info":"\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em>, which listeners will hear in the first part of the hour, has fearless and much-needed conversations about race. Hosted by journalists of color, the show tackles the subject of race head-on, exploring how it impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and more.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em>, which will be in the second part of the hour, guides you through spaces and feelings no one prepares you for — from finances to mental health, from workplace microaggressions to imposter syndrome, from relationships to parenting. The show features experts with real world experience and shares their knowledge. Because everyone needs a little help being human.\u003cbr />\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510312/codeswitch\">\u003cem>Code Switch\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />\u003ca href=\"https://www.npr.org/lifekit\">\u003cem>Life Kit\u003c/em> offical site and podcast\u003c/a>\u003cbr />","airtime":"SUN 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Code-Switch-Life-Kit-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/code-switch-life-kit","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/1112190608?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cubnByLm9yZy9yc3MvcG9kY2FzdC5waHA_aWQ9NTEwMzEy","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3bExJ9JQpkwNhoHvaIIuyV","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510312/podcast.xml"}},"commonwealth-club":{"id":"commonwealth-club","title":"Commonwealth Club of California Podcast","info":"The Commonwealth Club of California is the nation's oldest and largest public affairs forum. As a non-partisan forum, The Club brings to the public airwaves diverse viewpoints on important topics. The Club's weekly radio broadcast - the oldest in the U.S., dating back to 1924 - is carried across the nation on public radio stations and is now podcasting. Our website archive features audio of our recent programs, as well as selected speeches from our long and distinguished history. This podcast feed is usually updated twice a week and is always un-edited.","airtime":"THU 10pm, FRI 1am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Commonwealth-Club-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.commonwealthclub.org/podcasts","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Commonwealth Club of California"},"link":"/radio/program/commonwealth-club","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/commonwealth-club-of-california-podcast/id976334034?mt=2","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL3d3dy5jb21tb253ZWFsdGhjbHViLm9yZy9hdWRpby9wb2RjYXN0L3dlZWtseS54bWw","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Commonwealth-Club-of-California-p1060/"}},"considerthis":{"id":"considerthis","title":"Consider This","tagline":"Make sense of the day","info":"Make sense of the day. Every weekday afternoon, Consider This helps you consider the major stories of the day in less than 15 minutes, featuring the reporting and storytelling resources of NPR. Plus, KQED’s Bianca Taylor brings you the local KQED news you need to know.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Consider-This-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"Consider This from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/considerthis","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"7"},"link":"/podcasts/considerthis","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1503226625?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/coronavirusdaily","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM1NS9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3Z6JdCS2d0eFEpXHKI6WqH"}},"forum":{"id":"forum","title":"Forum","tagline":"The conversation starts here","info":"KQED’s live call-in program discussing local, state, national and international issues, as well as in-depth interviews.","airtime":"MON-FRI 9am-11am, 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Forum-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Forum with Mina Kim and Alexis Madrigal","officialWebsiteLink":"/forum","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"8"},"link":"/forum","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-forum/id73329719","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5NTU3MzgxNjMz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432307980/forum","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-forum-podcast","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC9557381633"}},"freakonomics-radio":{"id":"freakonomics-radio","title":"Freakonomics Radio","info":"Freakonomics Radio is a one-hour award-winning podcast and public-radio project hosted by Stephen Dubner, with co-author Steve Levitt as a regular guest. It is produced in partnership with WNYC.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/freakonomicsRadio.png","officialWebsiteLink":"http://freakonomics.com/","airtime":"SUN 1am-2am, SAT 3pm-4pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/freakonomics-radio","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/freakonomics-radio/id354668519","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/Freakonomics-Radio-p272293/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/freakonomicsradio"}},"fresh-air":{"id":"fresh-air","title":"Fresh Air","info":"Hosted by Terry Gross, \u003cem>Fresh Air from WHYY\u003c/em> is the Peabody Award-winning weekday magazine of contemporary arts and issues. One of public radio's most popular programs, Fresh Air features intimate conversations with today's biggest luminaries.","airtime":"MON-FRI 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Fresh-Air-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/fresh-air/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/fresh-air","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/4s8b","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=214089682&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Fresh-Air-p17/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/381444908/podcast.xml"}},"here-and-now":{"id":"here-and-now","title":"Here & Now","info":"A live production of NPR and WBUR Boston, in collaboration with stations across the country, Here & Now reflects the fluid world of news as it's happening in the middle of the day, with timely, in-depth news, interviews and conversation. Hosted by Robin Young, Jeremy Hobson and Tonya Mosley.","airtime":"MON-THU 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Here-And-Now-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.wbur.org/hereandnow","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/here-and-now","subsdcribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?mt=2&id=426698661","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Here--Now-p211/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510051/podcast.xml"}},"how-i-built-this":{"id":"how-i-built-this","title":"How I Built This with Guy Raz","info":"Guy Raz dives into the stories behind some of the world's best known companies. How I Built This weaves a narrative journey about innovators, entrepreneurs and idealists—and the movements they built.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/wp-content/uploads/sites/10/2018/05/howIBuiltThis.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510313/how-i-built-this","airtime":"SUN 7:30pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/how-i-built-this","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/3zxy","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/how-i-built-this-with-guy-raz/id1150510297?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Arts--Culture-Podcasts/How-I-Built-This-p910896/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510313/podcast.xml"}},"inside-europe":{"id":"inside-europe","title":"Inside Europe","info":"Inside Europe, a one-hour weekly news magazine hosted by Helen Seeney and Keith Walker, explores the topical issues shaping the continent. No other part of the globe has experienced such dynamic political and social change in recent years.","airtime":"SAT 3am-4am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Inside-Europe-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","meta":{"site":"news","source":"Deutsche Welle"},"link":"/radio/program/inside-europe","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/inside-europe/id80106806?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Inside-Europe-p731/","rss":"https://partner.dw.com/xml/podcast_inside-europe"}},"latino-usa":{"id":"latino-usa","title":"Latino USA","airtime":"MON 1am-2am, SUN 6pm-7pm","info":"Latino USA, the radio journal of news and culture, is the only national, English-language radio program produced from a Latino perspective.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/latinoUsa.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://latinousa.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/latino-usa","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/xtTd","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=79681317&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Latino-USA-p621/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510016/podcast.xml"}},"live-from-here-highlights":{"id":"live-from-here-highlights","title":"Live from Here Highlights","info":"Chris Thile steps to the mic as the host of Live from Here (formerly A Prairie Home Companion), a live public radio variety show. Download Chris’s Song of the Week plus other highlights from the broadcast. Produced by American Public Media.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-8pm, SUN 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Live-From-Here-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.livefromhere.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"american public media"},"link":"/radio/program/live-from-here-highlights","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1167173941","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Live-from-Here-Highlights-p921744/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/a-prairie-home-companion-highlights/rss/rss"}},"marketplace":{"id":"marketplace","title":"Marketplace","info":"Our flagship program, helmed by Kai Ryssdal, examines what the day in money delivered, through stories, conversations, newsworthy numbers and more. Updated Monday through Friday at about 3:30 p.m. PT.","airtime":"MON-FRI 4pm-4:30pm, MON-WED 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Marketplace-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.marketplace.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"American Public Media"},"link":"/radio/program/marketplace","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201853034&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/APM-Marketplace-p88/","rss":"https://feeds.publicradio.org/public_feeds/marketplace-pm/rss/rss"}},"mindshift":{"id":"mindshift","title":"MindShift","tagline":"A podcast about the future of learning and how we raise our kids","info":"The MindShift podcast explores the innovations in education that are shaping how kids learn. Hosts Ki Sung and Katrina Schwartz introduce listeners to educators, researchers, parents and students who are developing effective ways to improve how kids learn. We cover topics like how fed-up administrators are developing surprising tactics to deal with classroom disruptions; how listening to podcasts are helping kids develop reading skills; the consequences of overparenting; and why interdisciplinary learning can engage students on all ends of the traditional achievement spectrum. This podcast is part of the MindShift education site, a division of KQED News. KQED is an NPR/PBS member station based in San Francisco. You can also visit the MindShift website for episodes and supplemental blog posts or tweet us \u003ca href=\"https://twitter.com/MindShiftKQED\">@MindShiftKQED\u003c/a> or visit us at \u003ca href=\"/mindshift\">MindShift.KQED.org\u003c/a>","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Mindshift-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED MindShift: How We Will Learn","officialWebsiteLink":"/mindshift/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"2"},"link":"/podcasts/mindshift","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/mindshift-podcast/id1078765985","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1NzY0NjAwNDI5","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/464615685/mind-shift-podcast","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/stories-teachers-share","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0MxSpNYZKNprFLCl7eEtyx"}},"morning-edition":{"id":"morning-edition","title":"Morning Edition","info":"\u003cem>Morning Edition\u003c/em> takes listeners around the country and the world with multi-faceted stories and commentaries every weekday. Hosts Steve Inskeep, David Greene and Rachel Martin bring you the latest breaking news and features to prepare you for the day.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3am-9am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Morning-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/morning-edition/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/morning-edition"},"onourwatch":{"id":"onourwatch","title":"On Our Watch","tagline":"Police secrets, unsealed","info":"For decades, the process for how police police themselves has been inconsistent – if not opaque. In some states, like California, these proceedings were completely hidden. After a new police transparency law unsealed scores of internal affairs files, our reporters set out to examine these cases and the shadow world of police discipline. On Our Watch brings listeners into the rooms where officers are questioned and witnesses are interrogated to find out who this system is really protecting. Is it the officers, or the public they've sworn to serve?","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/On-Our-Watch-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"On Our Watch from NPR and KQED","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/onourwatch","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"1"},"link":"/podcasts/onourwatch","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1567098962","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM2MC9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbD9zYz1nb29nbGVwb2RjYXN0cw","npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/onourwatch","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/0OLWoyizopu6tY1XiuX70x","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-Our-Watch-p1436229/","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/show/on-our-watch","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510360/podcast.xml"}},"on-the-media":{"id":"on-the-media","title":"On The Media","info":"Our weekly podcast explores how the media 'sausage' is made, casts an incisive eye on fluctuations in the marketplace of ideas, and examines threats to the freedom of information and expression in America and abroad. For one hour a week, the show tries to lift the veil from the process of \"making media,\" especially news media, because it's through that lens that we see the world and the world sees us","airtime":"SUN 2pm-3pm, MON 12am-1am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/onTheMedia.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/otm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wnyc"},"link":"/radio/program/on-the-media","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/on-the-media/id73330715?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/On-the-Media-p69/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/onthemedia"}},"our-body-politic":{"id":"our-body-politic","title":"Our Body Politic","info":"Presented by KQED, KCRW and KPCC, and created and hosted by award-winning journalist Farai Chideya, Our Body Politic is unapologetically centered on reporting on not just how women of color experience the major political events of today, but how they’re impacting those very issues.","airtime":"SAT 6pm-7pm, SUN 1am-2am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Our-Body-Politic-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://our-body-politic.simplecast.com/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kcrw"},"link":"/radio/program/our-body-politic","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/our-body-politic/id1533069868","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5zaW1wbGVjYXN0LmNvbS9feGFQaHMxcw","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4ApAiLT1kV153TttWAmqmc","rss":"https://feeds.simplecast.com/_xaPhs1s","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/Our-Body-Politic-p1369211/"}},"pbs-newshour":{"id":"pbs-newshour","title":"PBS NewsHour","info":"Analysis, background reports and updates from the PBS NewsHour putting today's news in context.","airtime":"MON-FRI 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/PBS-News-Hour-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/pbs-newshour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pbs-newshour-full-show/id394432287?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/PBS-NewsHour---Full-Show-p425698/","rss":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/feeds/rss/podcasts/show"}},"perspectives":{"id":"perspectives","title":"Perspectives","tagline":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991","info":"KQED's series of of daily listener commentaries since 1991.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Perspectives-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/perspectives/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"15"},"link":"/perspectives","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/id73801135","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432309616/perspectives","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/perspectives/category/perspectives/feed/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvcGVyc3BlY3RpdmVzL2NhdGVnb3J5L3BlcnNwZWN0aXZlcy9mZWVkLw"}},"planet-money":{"id":"planet-money","title":"Planet Money","info":"The economy explained. Imagine you could call up a friend and say, Meet me at the bar and tell me what's going on with the economy. Now imagine that's actually a fun evening.","airtime":"SUN 3pm-4pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/planetmoney.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/sections/money/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/planet-money","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/M4f5","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/planet-money/id290783428?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Business--Economics-Podcasts/Planet-Money-p164680/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510289/podcast.xml"}},"politicalbreakdown":{"id":"politicalbreakdown","title":"Political Breakdown","tagline":"Politics from a personal perspective","info":"Political Breakdown is a new series that explores the political intersection of California and the nation. Each week hosts Scott Shafer and Marisa Lagos are joined with a new special guest to unpack politics -- with personality — and offer an insider’s glimpse at how politics happens.","airtime":"THU 6:30pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Political-Breakdown-2024-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Political Breakdown","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"11"},"link":"/podcasts/politicalbreakdown","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/political-breakdown/id1327641087","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM5Nzk2MzI2MTEx","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/572155894/political-breakdown","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/political-breakdown","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/07RVyIjIdk2WDuVehvBMoN","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/political-breakdown/feed/podcast"}},"pri-the-world":{"id":"pri-the-world","title":"PRI's The World: Latest Edition","info":"Each weekday, host Marco Werman and his team of producers bring you the world's most interesting stories in an hour of radio that reminds us just how small our planet really is.","airtime":"MON-FRI 2pm-3pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-World-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pri.org/programs/the-world","meta":{"site":"news","source":"PRI"},"link":"/radio/program/pri-the-world","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/pris-the-world-latest-edition/id278196007?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/News--Politics-Podcasts/PRIs-The-World-p24/","rss":"http://feeds.feedburner.com/pri/theworld"}},"radiolab":{"id":"radiolab","title":"Radiolab","info":"A two-time Peabody Award-winner, Radiolab is an investigation told through sounds and stories, and centered around one big idea. In the Radiolab world, information sounds like music and science and culture collide. Hosted by Jad Abumrad and Robert Krulwich, the show is designed for listeners who demand skepticism, but appreciate wonder. WNYC Studios is the producer of other leading podcasts including Freakonomics Radio, Death, Sex & Money, On the Media and many more.","airtime":"SUN 12am-1am, SAT 2pm-3pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/radiolab1400.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/radiolab/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/radiolab","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/radiolab/id152249110?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/RadioLab-p68032/","rss":"https://feeds.wnyc.org/radiolab"}},"reveal":{"id":"reveal","title":"Reveal","info":"Created by The Center for Investigative Reporting and PRX, Reveal is public radios first one-hour weekly radio show and podcast dedicated to investigative reporting. Credible, fact based and without a partisan agenda, Reveal combines the power and artistry of driveway moment storytelling with data-rich reporting on critically important issues. The result is stories that inform and inspire, arming our listeners with information to right injustices, hold the powerful accountable and improve lives.Reveal is hosted by Al Letson and showcases the award-winning work of CIR and newsrooms large and small across the nation. In a radio and podcast market crowded with choices, Reveal focuses on important and often surprising stories that illuminate the world for our listeners.","airtime":"SAT 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/reveal300px.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.revealnews.org/episodes/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/reveal","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/reveal/id886009669","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Reveal-p679597/","rss":"http://feeds.revealradio.org/revealpodcast"}},"says-you":{"id":"says-you","title":"Says You!","info":"Public radio's game show of bluff and bluster, words and whimsy. The warmest, wittiest cocktail party - it's spirited and civil, brainy and boisterous, peppered with musical interludes. Fast paced and playful, it's the most fun you can have with language without getting your mouth washed out with soap. Our motto: It's not important to know the answers, it's important to like the answers!","airtime":"SUN 4pm-5pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Says-You-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.saysyouradio.com/","meta":{"site":"comedy","source":"Pipit and Finch"},"link":"/radio/program/says-you","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/says-you!/id1050199826","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Says-You-p480/","rss":"https://saysyou.libsyn.com/rss"}},"science-friday":{"id":"science-friday","title":"Science Friday","info":"Science Friday is a weekly science talk show, broadcast live over public radio stations nationwide. Each week, the show focuses on science topics that are in the news and tries to bring an educated, balanced discussion to bear on the scientific issues at hand. Panels of expert guests join host Ira Flatow, a veteran science journalist, to discuss science and to take questions from listeners during the call-in portion of the program.","airtime":"FRI 11am-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-Friday-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/science-friday","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/science-friday","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=73329284&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Science-Friday-p394/","rss":"http://feeds.wnyc.org/science-friday"}},"science-podcast":{"id":"science-podcast","title":"KQED Science News","tagline":"From the lab, to your ears","info":"KQED Science explores science and environment news, trends, and events from the Bay Area and beyond.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Science-News-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/category/science-podcast/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"kqed","order":"17"},"link":"/science/category/science-podcast","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqed-science-news/id214663465","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cDovL2Jsb2dzLmtxZWQub3JnL3NjaWVuY2UvZmVlZC8","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed-science-news","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/science/category/science-podcast/feed/podcast"}},"selected-shorts":{"id":"selected-shorts","title":"Selected Shorts","info":"Spellbinding short stories by established and emerging writers take on a new life when they are performed by stars of the stage and screen.","airtime":"SAT 8pm-9pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Selected-Shorts-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.pri.org/programs/selected-shorts","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"pri"},"link":"/radio/program/selected-shorts","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=253191824&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Selected-Shorts-p31792/","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/selectedshorts"}},"snap-judgment":{"id":"snap-judgment","title":"Snap Judgment","info":"The Snap Judgment radio show and podcast mixes real stories with killer beats to produce cinematic, dramatic radio. Snap's musical brand of storytelling dares listeners to see the world through the eyes of another. This is storytelling... with a BEAT!! Snap first aired on public radio stations nationwide in July 2010. Today, Snap Judgment airs on over 450 public radio stations and is brought to the airwaves by KQED & PRX.","airtime":"SAT 1pm-2pm, 9pm-10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/05/Snap-Judgment-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://snapjudgment.org","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/snap-judgment","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=283657561&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Snap-Judgment-p243817/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/snapjudgment-wnyc"}},"soldout":{"id":"soldout","title":"SOLD OUT: Rethinking Housing in America","tagline":"A new future for housing","info":"Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Sold-Out-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Sold Out: Rethinking Housing in America","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/soldout","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":3},"link":"/podcasts/soldout","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/911586047/s-o-l-d-o-u-t-a-new-future-for-housing","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/introducing-sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america/id1531354937","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/soldout","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/38dTBSk2ISFoPiyYNoKn1X","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/sold-out-rethinking-housing-in-america","tunein":"https://tunein.com/radio/SOLD-OUT-Rethinking-Housing-in-America-p1365871/","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vc29sZG91dA"}},"ted-radio-hour":{"id":"ted-radio-hour","title":"TED Radio Hour","info":"The TED Radio Hour is a journey through fascinating ideas, astonishing inventions, fresh approaches to old problems, and new ways to think and create.","airtime":"SUN 3pm-4pm, SAT 10pm-11pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/tedRadioHour.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/ted-radio-hour/?showDate=2018-06-22","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/ted-radio-hour","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/8vsS","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=523121474&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/TED-Radio-Hour-p418021/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510298/podcast.xml"}},"tech-nation":{"id":"tech-nation","title":"Tech Nation Radio Podcast","info":"Tech Nation is a weekly public radio program, hosted by Dr. Moira Gunn. Founded in 1993, it has grown from a simple interview show to a multi-faceted production, featuring conversations with noted technology and science leaders, and a weekly science and technology-related commentary.","airtime":"FRI 10pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Tech-Nation-Radio-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://technation.podomatic.com/","meta":{"site":"science","source":"Tech Nation Media"},"link":"/radio/program/tech-nation","subscribe":{"rss":"https://technation.podomatic.com/rss2.xml"}},"thebay":{"id":"thebay","title":"The Bay","tagline":"Local news to keep you rooted","info":"Host Devin Katayama walks you through the biggest story of the day with reporters and newsmakers.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Bay-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"\"KQED The Bay","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/thebay","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"kqed","order":"6"},"link":"/podcasts/thebay","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-bay/id1350043452","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM4MjU5Nzg2MzI3","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/586725995/the-bay","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-bay","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/4BIKBKIujizLHlIlBNaAqQ","rss":"https://feeds.megaphone.fm/KQINC8259786327"}},"californiareport":{"id":"californiareport","title":"The California Report","tagline":"California, day by day","info":"KQED’s statewide radio news program providing daily coverage of issues, trends and public policy decisions.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The California Report","officialWebsiteLink":"/californiareport","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"9"},"link":"/californiareport","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/kqeds-the-california-report/id79681292","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM1MDAyODE4NTgz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/432285393/the-california-report","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqedfm-kqeds-the-california-report-podcast-8838","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcram/feed/podcast"}},"californiareportmagazine":{"id":"californiareportmagazine","title":"The California Report Magazine","tagline":"Your state, your stories","info":"Every week, The California Report Magazine takes you on a road trip for the ears: to visit the places and meet the people who make California unique. The in-depth storytelling podcast from the California Report.","airtime":"FRI 4:30pm-5pm, 6:30pm-7pm, 11pm-11:30pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-California-Report-Magazine-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"/californiareportmagazine","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"10"},"link":"/californiareportmagazine","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-california-report-magazine/id1314750545","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM3NjkwNjk1OTAz","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/564733126/the-california-report-magazine","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-california-report-magazine","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/tag/tcrmag/feed/podcast"}},"theleap":{"id":"theleap","title":"The Leap","tagline":"What if you closed your eyes, and jumped?","info":"Stories about people making dramatic, risky changes, told by award-winning public radio reporter Judy Campbell.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Leap-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The Leap","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/theleap","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"14"},"link":"/podcasts/theleap","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/the-leap/id1046668171","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkM0NTcwODQ2MjY2","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/447248267/the-leap","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-leap","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/3sSlVHHzU0ytLwuGs1SD1U","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/programs/the-leap/feed/podcast"}},"masters-of-scale":{"id":"masters-of-scale","title":"Masters of Scale","info":"Masters of Scale is an original podcast in which LinkedIn co-founder and Greylock Partner Reid Hoffman sets out to describe and prove theories that explain how great entrepreneurs take their companies from zero to a gazillion in ingenious fashion.","airtime":"Every other Wednesday June 12 through October 16 at 8pm (repeats Thursdays at 2am)","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Masters-of-Scale-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://mastersofscale.com/","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"WaitWhat"},"link":"/radio/program/masters-of-scale","subscribe":{"apple":"http://mastersofscale.app.link/","rss":"https://rss.art19.com/masters-of-scale"}},"the-moth-radio-hour":{"id":"the-moth-radio-hour","title":"The Moth Radio Hour","info":"Since its launch in 1997, The Moth has presented thousands of true stories, told live and without notes, to standing-room-only crowds worldwide. Moth storytellers stand alone, under a spotlight, with only a microphone and a roomful of strangers. The storyteller and the audience embark on a high-wire act of shared experience which is both terrifying and exhilarating. Since 2008, The Moth podcast has featured many of our favorite stories told live on Moth stages around the country. For information on all of our programs and live events, visit themoth.org.","airtime":"SAT 8pm-9pm and SUN 11am-12pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/theMoth.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://themoth.org/","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"prx"},"link":"/radio/program/the-moth-radio-hour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-moth-podcast/id275699983?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/The-Moth-p273888/","rss":"http://feeds.themoth.org/themothpodcast"}},"the-new-yorker-radio-hour":{"id":"the-new-yorker-radio-hour","title":"The New Yorker Radio Hour","info":"The New Yorker Radio Hour is a weekly program presented by the magazine's editor, David Remnick, and produced by WNYC Studios and The New Yorker. Each episode features a diverse mix of interviews, profiles, storytelling, and an occasional burst of humor inspired by the magazine, and shaped by its writers, artists, and editors. This isn't a radio version of a magazine, but something all its own, reflecting the rich possibilities of audio storytelling and conversation. Theme music for the show was composed and performed by Merrill Garbus of tUnE-YArDs.","airtime":"SAT 10am-11am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-New-Yorker-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/tnyradiohour","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/the-new-yorker-radio-hour","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1050430296","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/WNYC-Podcasts/New-Yorker-Radio-Hour-p803804/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/newyorkerradiohour"}},"the-takeaway":{"id":"the-takeaway","title":"The Takeaway","info":"The Takeaway is produced in partnership with its national audience. It delivers perspective and analysis to help us better understand the day’s news. Be a part of the American conversation on-air and online.","airtime":"MON-THU 12pm-1pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Takeaway-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.wnycstudios.org/shows/takeaway","meta":{"site":"news","source":"WNYC"},"link":"/radio/program/the-takeaway","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/the-takeaway/id363143310?mt=2","tuneIn":"http://tunein.com/radio/The-Takeaway-p150731/","rss":"https://feeds.feedburner.com/takeawaypodcast"}},"this-american-life":{"id":"this-american-life","title":"This American Life","info":"This American Life is a weekly public radio show, heard by 2.2 million people on more than 500 stations. Another 2.5 million people download the weekly podcast. It is hosted by Ira Glass, produced in collaboration with Chicago Public Media, delivered to stations by PRX The Public Radio Exchange, and has won all of the major broadcasting awards.","airtime":"SAT 12pm-1pm, 7pm-8pm","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/thisAmericanLife.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.thisamericanlife.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"wbez"},"link":"/radio/program/this-american-life","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=201671138&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","rss":"https://www.thisamericanlife.org/podcast/rss.xml"}},"truthbetold":{"id":"truthbetold","title":"Truth Be Told","tagline":"Advice by and for people of color","info":"We’re the friend you call after a long day, the one who gets it. Through wisdom from some of the greatest thinkers of our time, host Tonya Mosley explores what it means to grow and thrive as a Black person in America, while discovering new ways of being that serve as a portal to more love, more healing, and more joy.","airtime":"","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Truth-Be-Told-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Truth Be Told with Tonya Mosley","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.kqed.ord/podcasts/truthbetold","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr","order":"12"},"link":"/podcasts/truthbetold","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/truth-be-told/id1462216572","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9jYXRlZ29yeS90cnV0aC1iZS10b2xkLXBvZGNhc3QvZmVlZA","npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/719210818/truth-be-told","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/s?fid=398170&refid=stpr","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/587DhwTBxke6uvfwDfaV5N"}},"wait-wait-dont-tell-me":{"id":"wait-wait-dont-tell-me","title":"Wait Wait... Don't Tell Me!","info":"Peter Sagal and Bill Kurtis host the weekly NPR News quiz show alongside some of the best and brightest news and entertainment personalities.","airtime":"SUN 10am-11am, SAT 11am-12pm, SAT 6pm-7pm","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Wait-Wait-Podcast-Tile-300x300-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/wait-wait-dont-tell-me/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/wait-wait-dont-tell-me","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/Xogv","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/WebObjects/MZStore.woa/wa/viewPodcast?s=143441&mt=2&id=121493804&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/Wait-Wait-Dont-Tell-Me-p46/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/344098539/podcast.xml"}},"washington-week":{"id":"washington-week","title":"Washington Week","info":"For 50 years, Washington Week has been the most intelligent and up to date conversation about the most important news stories of the week. Washington Week is the longest-running news and public affairs program on PBS and features journalists -- not pundits -- lending insight and perspective to the week's important news stories.","airtime":"SAT 1:30am-2am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/04/washington-week.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"http://www.pbs.org/weta/washingtonweek/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"pbs"},"link":"/radio/program/washington-week","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/washington-week-audio-pbs/id83324702?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Current-Affairs/Washington-Week-p693/","rss":"http://feeds.pbs.org/pbs/weta/washingtonweek-audio"}},"weekend-edition-saturday":{"id":"weekend-edition-saturday","title":"Weekend Edition Saturday","info":"Weekend Edition Saturday wraps up the week's news and offers a mix of analysis and features on a wide range of topics, including arts, sports, entertainment, and human interest stories. The two-hour program is hosted by NPR's Peabody Award-winning Scott Simon.","airtime":"SAT 5am-10am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-saturday/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/weekend-edition-saturday"},"weekend-edition-sunday":{"id":"weekend-edition-sunday","title":"Weekend Edition Sunday","info":"Weekend Edition Sunday features interviews with newsmakers, artists, scientists, politicians, musicians, writers, theologians and historians. The program has covered news events from Nelson Mandela's 1990 release from a South African prison to the capture of Saddam Hussein.","airtime":"SUN 5am-10am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Weekend-Edition-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/programs/weekend-edition-sunday/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/weekend-edition-sunday"},"world-affairs":{"id":"world-affairs","title":"World Affairs","info":"The world as we knew it is undergoing a rapid transformation…so what's next? Welcome to WorldAffairs, your guide to a changing world. We give you the context you need to navigate across borders and ideologies. Through sound-rich stories and in-depth interviews, we break down what it means to be a global citizen on a hot, crowded planet. Our hosts, Ray Suarez, Teresa Cotsirilos and Philip Yun help you make sense of an uncertain world, one story at a time.","airtime":"MON 10pm, TUE 1am, SAT 3am","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/World-Affairs-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg ","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.worldaffairs.org/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"World Affairs"},"link":"/radio/program/world-affairs","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/world-affairs/id101215657?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/WorldAffairs-p1665/","rss":"https://worldaffairs.libsyn.com/rss"}},"on-shifting-ground":{"id":"on-shifting-ground","title":"On Shifting Ground with Ray Suarez","info":"Geopolitical turmoil. A warming planet. Authoritarians on the rise. We live in a chaotic world that’s rapidly shifting around us. “On Shifting Ground with Ray Suarez” explores international fault lines and how they impact us all. Each week, NPR veteran Ray Suarez hosts conversations with journalists, leaders and policy experts to help us read between the headlines – and give us hope for human resilience.","airtime":"MON 10pm, TUE 1am, SAT 3am","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2022/12/onshiftingground-600x600-1.png","officialWebsiteLink":"https://worldaffairs.org/radio-podcast/","meta":{"site":"news","source":"On Shifting Ground"},"link":"/radio/program/on-shifting-ground","subscribe":{"apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/ie/podcast/on-shifting-ground/id101215657","rss":"https://feeds.libsyn.com/36668/rss"}},"hidden-brain":{"id":"hidden-brain","title":"Hidden Brain","info":"Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships.","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/hiddenbrain.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/series/423302056/hidden-brain","airtime":"SUN 7pm-8pm","meta":{"site":"news","source":"NPR"},"link":"/radio/program/hidden-brain","subscribe":{"apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/hidden-brain/id1028908750?mt=2","tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/podcasts/Science-Podcasts/Hidden-Brain-p787503/","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510308/podcast.xml"}},"city-arts":{"id":"city-arts","title":"City Arts & Lectures","info":"A one-hour radio program to hear celebrated writers, artists and thinkers address contemporary ideas and values, often discussing the creative process. Please note: tapes or transcripts are not available","imageSrc":"https://ww2.kqed.org/radio/wp-content/uploads/sites/50/2018/05/cityartsandlecture-300x300.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.cityarts.net/","airtime":"SUN 1pm-2pm, TUE 10pm, WED 1am","meta":{"site":"news","source":"City Arts & Lectures"},"link":"https://www.cityarts.net","subscribe":{"tuneIn":"https://tunein.com/radio/City-Arts-and-Lectures-p692/","rss":"https://www.cityarts.net/feed/"}},"white-lies":{"id":"white-lies","title":"White Lies","info":"In 1965, Rev. James Reeb was murdered in Selma, Alabama. Three men were tried and acquitted, but no one was ever held to account. Fifty years later, two journalists from Alabama return to the city where it happened, expose the lies that kept the murder from being solved and uncover a story about guilt and memory that says as much about America today as it does about the past.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/White-Lies-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/510343/white-lies","meta":{"site":"news","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/white-lies","subscribe":{"npr":"https://rpb3r.app.goo.gl/whitelies","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/podcast/id1462650519?mt=2&at=11l79Y&ct=nprdirectory","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5ucHIub3JnLzUxMDM0My9wb2RjYXN0LnhtbA","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/12yZ2j8vxqhc0QZyRES3ft?si=LfWYEK6URA63hueKVxRLAw","rss":"https://feeds.npr.org/510343/podcast.xml"}},"rightnowish":{"id":"rightnowish","title":"Rightnowish","tagline":"Art is where you find it","info":"Rightnowish digs into life in the Bay Area right now… ish. Journalist Pendarvis Harshaw takes us to galleries painted on the sides of liquor stores in West Oakland. We'll dance in warehouses in the Bayview, make smoothies with kids in South Berkeley, and listen to classical music in a 1984 Cutlass Supreme in Richmond. Every week, Pen talks to movers and shakers about how the Bay Area shapes what they create, and how they shape the place we call home.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/Rightnowish-Podcast-Tile-500x500-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED Rightnowish with Pendarvis Harshaw","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/rightnowish","meta":{"site":"arts","source":"kqed","order":"5"},"link":"/podcasts/rightnowish","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/721590300/rightnowish","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/arts/programs/rightnowish/feed/podcast","apple":"https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/rightnowish/id1482187648","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/rightnowish","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9mZWVkcy5tZWdhcGhvbmUuZm0vS1FJTkMxMjU5MTY3NDc4","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/7kEJuafTzTVan7B78ttz1I"}},"jerrybrown":{"id":"jerrybrown","title":"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown","tagline":"Lessons from a lifetime in politics","info":"The Political Mind of Jerry Brown brings listeners the wisdom of the former Governor, Mayor, and presidential candidate. Scott Shafer interviewed Brown for more than 40 hours, covering the former governor's life and half-century in the political game – and Brown has some lessons he'd like to share. ","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Political-Mind-of-Jerry-Brown-Podcast-Tile-703x703-1.jpg","imageAlt":"KQED The Political Mind of Jerry Brown","officialWebsiteLink":"/podcasts/jerrybrown","meta":{"site":"news","source":"kqed","order":"16"},"link":"/podcasts/jerrybrown","subscribe":{"npr":"https://www.npr.org/podcasts/790253322/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown","apple":"https://itunes.apple.com/us/podcast/id1492194549","rss":"https://ww2.kqed.org/news/series/jerrybrown/feed/podcast/","tuneIn":"http://tun.in/pjGcK","stitcher":"https://www.stitcher.com/podcast/kqed/the-political-mind-of-jerry-brown","spotify":"https://open.spotify.com/show/54C1dmuyFyKMFttY6X2j6r?si=K8SgRCoISNK6ZbjpXrX5-w","google":"https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly93dzIua3FlZC5vcmcvbmV3cy9zZXJpZXMvamVycnlicm93bi9mZWVkL3BvZGNhc3Qv"}},"the-splendid-table":{"id":"the-splendid-table","title":"The Splendid Table","info":"\u003cem>The Splendid Table\u003c/em> hosts our nation's conversations about cooking, sustainability and food culture.","imageSrc":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/The-Splendid-Table-Podcast-Tile-360x360-1.jpg","officialWebsiteLink":"https://www.splendidtable.org/","airtime":"SUN 10-11 pm","meta":{"site":"radio","source":"npr"},"link":"/radio/program/the-splendid-table"}},"racesReducer":{"5921":{"id":"5921","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 7","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":158422,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Doris Matsui","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":89456,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tom Silva","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":48920,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Mandel","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":20046,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-09T01:00:38.194Z"},"5922":{"id":"5922","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 8","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Rudy Recile","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John Garamendi","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5924":{"id":"5924","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 10","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":185034,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark DeSaulnier","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":121265,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katherine Piccinini","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34883,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nolan Chen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":19459,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Sweeney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":7606,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mohamed Elsherbini","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1821,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-09T01:02:32.415Z"},"5926":{"id":"5926","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":153801,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.85,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lateefah Simon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":85905,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jennifer Tran","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":22964,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tony Daysog","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":17197,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stephen Slauson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9699,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Glenn Kaplan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":6785,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4243,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Abdur Sikder","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2847,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ned Nuerge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2532,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Andre Todd","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1629,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-16T00:22:36.062Z"},"5928":{"id":"5928","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 14","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":125831,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.89,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Eric Swalwell","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":83989,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Vin Kruttiventi","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":22106,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Alison Hayden","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11928,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Luis Reynoso","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":7808,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:51:36.366Z"},"5930":{"id":"5930","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 16","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":182188,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sam Liccardo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":38492,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Evan Low","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":30261,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Joe Simitian","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":30256,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Peter Ohtaki","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":23283,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Peter Dixon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14677,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Rishi Kumar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":12383,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Karl Ryan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11563,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Julie Lythcott-Haims","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11386,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ahmed Mostafa","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":5814,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Greg Tanaka","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2421,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joby Bernstein","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1652,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-05-02T14:15:13.232Z"},"5931":{"id":"5931","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 17","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":117534,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.9,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ro Khanna","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":73941,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Anita Chen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":31539,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Ritesh Tandon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":5728,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mario Ramirez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4491,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Joe Dehn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":1835,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-08T01:50:53.956Z"},"5932":{"id":"5932","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 18","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":96302,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Zoe Lofgren","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":49323,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Peter Hernandez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":31622,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Charlene Nijmeh","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":10614,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Lawrence Milan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2712,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Luele Kifle","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2031,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:26:02.706Z"},"5963":{"id":"5963","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":139085,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Greer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":38079,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Chris Rogers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":27126,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rusty Hicks","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25615,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ariel Kelley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19483,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Frankie Myers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":17694,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ted Williams","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":9550,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Cynthia Click","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1538,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-22T21:38:36.711Z"},"5972":{"id":"5972","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":99775,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lori Wilson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":50085,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Dave Ennis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":26074,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Wanda Wallis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14638,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jeffrey Flack","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":8978,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-08T02:01:24.524Z"},"5973":{"id":"5973","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":143532,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Damon Connolly","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":111275,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andy Podshadley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":17240,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Eryn Cervantes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15017,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-21T00:25:32.262Z"},"5975":{"id":"5975","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 14","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":106997,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Buffy Wicks","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":78678,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Margot Smith","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":18251,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Utkarsh Jain","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":10068,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-15T01:30:34.539Z"},"5976":{"id":"5976","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":97144,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sonia Ledo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":30946,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Anamarie Farias","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":29512,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Monica Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":24775,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Karen Mitchoff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11911,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T00:19:38.858Z"},"5977":{"id":"5977","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 16","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joseph Rubay","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rebecca Bauer-Kahan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5978":{"id":"5978","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 17","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":111003,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Matt Haney","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":90915,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Manuel Noris-Barrera","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":13843,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Otto Duke","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":6245,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:36:19.697Z"},"5979":{"id":"5979","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 18","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":86008,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mia Bonta","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":73040,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andre Sandford","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"AIP","voteCount":4575,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Mindy Pechenuk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4389,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Cheyenne Kenney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4004,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-05-02T14:13:20.724Z"},"5980":{"id":"5980","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 19","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":113959,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Catherine Stefani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":64960,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":33035,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nadia Flamenco","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":8335,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Arjun Sodhani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":7629,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-11T23:50:23.109Z"},"5981":{"id":"5981","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 20","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Liz Ortega","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5982":{"id":"5982","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 21","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark Gilham","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Diane Papan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"5984":{"id":"5984","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 23","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":116963,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Marc Berman","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":67106,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Lydia Kou","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":23699,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Gus Mattammal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":13277,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Allan Marson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":12881,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T01:13:06.280Z"},"5987":{"id":"5987","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 26","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":72753,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Patrick Ahrens","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25036,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tara Sreekrishnan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19600,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Sophie Song","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15954,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Omar Din","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":8772,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Bob Goodwyn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":2170,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ashish Garg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1221,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T21:06:29.070Z"},"5989":{"id":"5989","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 28","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Gail Pellerin","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Liz Lawler","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6010":{"id":"6010","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 49","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Fong","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Long Liu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6018":{"id":"6018","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":229348,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":98.93,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jared Huffman","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":169005,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Chris Coulombe","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":37372,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tief Gibbs","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":18437,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jolian Kangas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":3166,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Brisendine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":1368,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:46:10.103Z"},"6020":{"id":"6020","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":187640,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":97.16,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Thompson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":118147,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John Munn","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":56232,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Andrew Engdahl","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":11202,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Niket Patwardhan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":2059,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-07T00:30:57.980Z"},"6025":{"id":"6025","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 9","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":121271,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":98.93,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Josh Harder","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":60396,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Kevin Lincoln","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":36346,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"John McBride","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":15525,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Khalid Jafri","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9004,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:49:44.113Z"},"6031":{"id":"6031","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Anna Kramer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Kevin Mullin","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6035":{"id":"6035","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 19","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":203670,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jimmy Panetta","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":132540,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jason Anderson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":58120,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Sean Dougherty","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Grn","voteCount":13010,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-07T00:23:46.779Z"},"6066":{"id":"6066","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 3","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jamie Gallagher","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Aaron Draper","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6067":{"id":"6067","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 4","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Cecilia Aguiar-Curry","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6087":{"id":"6087","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 24","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":66643,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Alex Lee","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":45544,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bob Brunton","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14951,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marti Souza","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":6148,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T23:23:49.770Z"},"6088":{"id":"6088","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 25","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":69560,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ash Kalra","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":35821,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Ted Stroll","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":18255,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Lan Ngo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":15484,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-14T02:40:57.200Z"},"6092":{"id":"6092","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State House, District 29","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Robert Rivas","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"J.W. Paine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6223":{"id":"6223","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 46","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lou Correa","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"David Pan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6530":{"id":"6530","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 3","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":222193,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Thom Bogue","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":61776,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Christopher Cabaldon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":59041,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Rozzana Verder-Aliga","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":45546,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jackie Elward","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":41127,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jimih Jones","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":14703,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-15T01:24:31.539Z"},"6531":{"id":"6531","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":171623,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jim Shoemaker","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":74935,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jerry McNerney","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":57040,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Carlos Villapudua","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":39648,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T20:07:46.382Z"},"6532":{"id":"6532","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 7","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":192446,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jesse Arreguín","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":61837,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Jovanka Beckles","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":34025,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Dan Kalb","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":28842,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Kathryn Lybarger","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":28041,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sandre Swanson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":22862,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jeanne Solnordal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":16839,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-16T00:58:11.533Z"},"6533":{"id":"6533","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 9","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Tim Grayson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marisol Rubio","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6534":{"id":"6534","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":228260,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Scott Wiener","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":166592,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Yvette Corkrean","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34438,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Cynthia Cravens","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":18513,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jing Xiong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":8717,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T02:01:51.597Z"},"6535":{"id":"6535","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 13","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":227191,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Josh Becker","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":167127,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Alexander Glew","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":42788,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Christina Laskowski","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":17276,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T01:56:24.964Z"},"6536":{"id":"6536","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 15","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":180231,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Dave Cortese","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":124440,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Robert Howell","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34173,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Tony Loaiza","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":21618,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-13T01:15:45.365Z"},"6548":{"id":"6548","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"State Senate, District 39","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":0,"uncontested":true,"precinctsReportPercentage":0,"eevp":0,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Akilah Weber","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bob Divine","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":0,"isWinner":true}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:00:30.000Z"},"6611":{"id":"6611","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 11","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":188732,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Nancy Pelosi","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":138285,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Bruce Lou","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":16285,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marjorie Mikels","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":9363,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Bianca Von Krieg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":7634,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Zeng","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":6607,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jason Boyce","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":4325,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Larry Nichelson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3482,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eve Del Castello","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2751,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-12T00:31:55.445Z"},"8589":{"id":"8589","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. Senate, Class I","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":7276537,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.66,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Adam Schiff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2299507,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Steve Garvey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2292414,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katie Porter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1115606,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Barbara Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":714408,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Early","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":240723,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"James Bradley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":98180,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Christina Pascucci","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":61755,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sharleta Bassett","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":54422,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sarah Liew","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":38483,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Laura Garza ","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":34320,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Jonathan Reiss","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":34283,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sepi Gilani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":34056,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Gail Lightfoot","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"Lib","voteCount":33046,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Denice Gary-Pandol","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":25494,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"James Macauley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":23168,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Harmesh Kumar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21522,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"David Peterson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21076,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Douglas Pierce","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":19371,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Major Singh","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":16965,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"John Rose","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14577,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Perry Pound","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":14134,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Raji Rab","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":13558,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Mark Ruzon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":13429,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Forrest Jones","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"AIP","voteCount":13027,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stefan Simchowitz","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":12717,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Martin Veprauskas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":9714,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Don Grundmann","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"NPP","voteCount":6582,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T05:01:46.589Z"},"8686":{"id":"8686","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"President,","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":3589127,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.75,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joe Biden","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":3200188,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Marianne Williamson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":145690,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Dean Phillips","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":99981,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Armando Perez-Serrato","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":42925,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Gabriel Cornejo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":41261,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"President Boddie","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":25373,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Stephen Lyons","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":21008,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eban Cambridge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":12701,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:12:27.559Z"},"8688":{"id":"8688","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"President,","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":2466569,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.58,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Donald Trump","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":1953947,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Nikki Haley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":430792,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ron DeSantis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":35581,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Chris Christie","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":20164,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Vivek Ramaswamy","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":11069,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Rachel Swift","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":4231,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"David Stuckenberg","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3895,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Ryan Binkley","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3563,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Asa Hutchinson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":3327,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:13:19.766Z"},"81993":{"id":"81993","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"U.S. Senate, Class I Unexpired Term","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top2","totalVotes":7358837,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":99.66,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Steve Garvey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":2444940,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Adam Schiff","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":2155146,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"Katie Porter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":1269194,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Barbara Lee","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":863278,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Eric Early","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"R","voteCount":448788,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Christina Pascucci","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":109421,"isWinner":false},{"candidateName":"Sepi Gilani","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"D","voteCount":68070,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-06T04:31:08.186Z"},"82014":{"id":"82014","type":"apRace","location":"State of California","raceName":"Proposition, 1 - Behavioral Health Services Program","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceType":"top1","totalVotes":7221972,"precinctsReportPercentage":100,"eevp":100,"tabulationStatus":"End of AP Tabulation","dateUpdated":"May 9, 2024","timeUpdated":"2:18 PM","source":"AP","candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":null,"voteCount":3624998,"isWinner":true},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":null,"voteCount":3596974,"isWinner":false}],"winnerDateTime":"2024-03-21T00:11:06.265Z"},"timeLoaded":"September 10, 2024 1:37 AM","nationalRacesLoaded":true,"localRacesLoaded":true,"overrides":[{"id":"5921","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 7","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5922","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 8","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5924","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 10","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5926","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 12","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/congress-12th-district"},{"id":"5928","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 14","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5930","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 16","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/congress-16th-district"},{"id":"5931","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 17","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5932","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 18","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5963","raceName":"State Assembly, District 2","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5972","raceName":"State Assembly, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5973","raceName":"State Assembly, District 12","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5975","raceName":"State Assembly, District 14","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5976","raceName":"State Assembly, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/contracosta/state-assembly"},{"id":"5977","raceName":"State Assembly, District 16","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5978","raceName":"State Assembly, District 17","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5979","raceName":"State Assembly, District 18","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5980","raceName":"State Assembly, District 19","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5981","raceName":"State Assembly, District 20","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5982","raceName":"State Assembly, District 21","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"5984","raceName":"State Assembly, District 23","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-assembly-23rd-district"},{"id":"5987","raceName":"State Assembly, District 26","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/state-assembly-26th-district"},{"id":"5989","raceName":"State Assembly, District 28","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6010","raceName":"State Assembly, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6018","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 2","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6020","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6025","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 9","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6031","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6035","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 19","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6067","raceName":"State Assembly, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6087","raceName":"State Assembly, District 24","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6088","raceName":"State Assembly, District 25","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6092","raceName":"State Assembly, District 29","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6223","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 4","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6530","raceName":"State Senate, District 3","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-senate-3rd-district"},{"id":"6531","raceName":"State Senate, District 5","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6532","raceName":"State Senate, District 7","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/state-senate-7th-district"},{"id":"6533","raceName":"State Senate, District 9","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6534","raceName":"State Senate, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6535","raceName":"State Senate, District 13","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6536","raceName":"State Senate, District 15","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"6611","raceName":"U.S. House of Representatives, District 11","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":""},{"id":"8589","raceName":"U.S. Senate (Full Term)","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/senator"},{"id":"8686","raceName":"California Democratic Presidential Primary","raceDescription":"Candidates are competing for 496 delegates.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/president/democrat"},{"id":"8688","raceName":"California Republican Presidential Primary","raceDescription":"Candidates are competing for 169 delegates.","raceReadTheStory":"https://kqed.org/elections/results/president/republican"},{"id":"81993","raceName":"U.S. Senate (Partial/Unexpired Term)","raceDescription":"Top two candidates advance to general election."},{"id":"82014","raceName":"Proposition 1","raceDescription":"Bond and mental health reforms. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/california/proposition-1"}],"AlamedaJudge5":{"id":"AlamedaJudge5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":200601,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Terry Wiley","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":200601}]},"AlamedaJudge12":{"id":"AlamedaJudge12","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 12","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":240853,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mark Fickes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":133009},{"candidateName":"Michael P. Johnson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":107844}]},"AlamedaBoard2":{"id":"AlamedaBoard2","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 2","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":33580,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"John Lewis","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6943},{"candidateName":"Angela Normand","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":26637}]},"AlamedaBoard5":{"id":"AlamedaBoard5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 5","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":26072,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Guadalupe \"Lupe\" Angulo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7521},{"candidateName":"Janevette Cole","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13338},{"candidateName":"Joe Orlando Ramos","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5213}]},"AlamedaBoard6":{"id":"AlamedaBoard6","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Education, Trustee Area 6","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":30864,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"John Guerrero","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9989},{"candidateName":"Eileen McDonald","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20875}]},"AlamedaSup1":{"id":"AlamedaSup1","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":41038,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Haubert","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":41038}]},"AlamedaSup2":{"id":"AlamedaSup2","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":31034,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Elisa Márquez","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":31034}]},"AlamedaSup4":{"id":"AlamedaSup4","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":57007,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jennifer Esteen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22400},{"candidateName":"Nate Miley","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":34607}]},"AlamedaSup5":{"id":"AlamedaSup5","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":81059,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Ben Bartlett","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13518},{"candidateName":"Nikki Fortunato Bas","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":27597},{"candidateName":"John J. Bauters","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":16783},{"candidateName":"Ken Berrick","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7520},{"candidateName":"Omar Farmer","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1240},{"candidateName":"Gregory Hodge","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3419},{"candidateName":"Chris Moore","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7428},{"candidateName":"Gerald Pechenuk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":305},{"candidateName":"Lorrel Plimier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3249}]},"AlamedaBoard7":{"id":"AlamedaBoard7","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Flood Control & Water Conservation District Director, Zone 7, Full Term","raceDescription":"Top three candidates win seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top3","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":134340,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Alan Burnham","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":15723},{"candidateName":"Sandy Figuers","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22454},{"candidateName":"Laurene K. Green","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":30343},{"candidateName":"Kathy Narum","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23833},{"candidateName":"Seema Badar","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7468},{"candidateName":"Catherine Brown","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":34519}]},"AlamedaAuditor":{"id":"AlamedaAuditor","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Oakland Auditor","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":59227,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Houston","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":59227}]},"AlamedaMeasureA":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Alameda County. Civil service. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":282335,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":167903},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":114432}]},"AlamedaMeasureB":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Alameda County. Recall rules. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/alameda/measure-b","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":282683,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":182200},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":100483}]},"AlamedaMeasureD":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Oakland. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":79797,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":59852},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":19945}]},"AlamedaMeasureE":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Alameda Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":22692,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":17280},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5412}]},"AlamedaMeasureF":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureF","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure F","raceDescription":"Piedmont. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":4855,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3673},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1182}]},"AlamedaMeasureG":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Albany Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":5898,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4651},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1247}]},"AlamedaMeasureH":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Berkeley Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":33331,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":29418},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3913}]},"AlamedaMeasureI":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureI","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure I","raceDescription":"Hayward Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":21929,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14151},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7778}]},"AlamedaMeasureJ":{"id":"AlamedaMeasureJ","type":"localRace","location":"Alameda","raceName":"Measure J","raceDescription":"San Leandro Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:02 PM","dateUpdated":"April 1, 2024","totalVotes":12338,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7784},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4554}]},"CCD2":{"id":"CCD2","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":45776,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Candace Andersen","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":45776}]},"CCD3":{"id":"CCD3","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":25120,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Diane Burgis","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":25120}]},"CCD5":{"id":"CCD5","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/contracosta/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":37045,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Barbanica","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14338},{"candidateName":"Jelani Killings","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5683},{"candidateName":"Shanelle Scales-Preston","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":12993},{"candidateName":"Iztaccuauhtli Hector Gonzalez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4031}]},"CCMeasureA":{"id":"CCMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Martinez. Appoint City Clerk. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":11513,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7554},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3959}]},"CCMeasureB":{"id":"CCMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Antioch Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":17971,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10397},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7574}]},"CCMeasureC":{"id":"CCMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Martinez Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":9230,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6917},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2313}]},"CCMeasureD":{"id":"CCMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Contra Costa","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Moraga School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:45 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":6007,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4052},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1955}]},"MarinD2":{"id":"MarinD2","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/supervisor-2nd-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":18466,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Brian Colbert","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7971},{"candidateName":"Heather McPhail Sridharan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4851},{"candidateName":"Ryan O'Neil","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2647},{"candidateName":"Gabe Paulson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2997}]},"MarinD3":{"id":"MarinD3","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":13274,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Stephanie Moulton-Peters","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13274}]},"MarinD4":{"id":"MarinD4","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":12986,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Dennis Rodoni","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10086},{"candidateName":"Francis Drouillard","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2900}]},"MarinLarkspurCC":{"id":"MarinLarkspurCC","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Larkspur City Council (Short Term)","raceDescription":"Top candidate wins seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":4176,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Stephanie Andre","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2514},{"candidateName":"Claire Paquette","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1008},{"candidateName":"Lana Scott","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":654}]},"MarinRossCouncil":{"id":"MarinRossCouncil","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Ross Town Council","raceDescription":"Top three candidates win seat.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top3","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1740,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Charles William \"Bill\" Kircher, Jr.","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":536},{"candidateName":"Mathew Salter","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":502},{"candidateName":"Shadi Aboukhater","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":187},{"candidateName":"Teri Dowling","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":515}]},"MarinMeasureA":{"id":"MarinMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Tamalpais Union High School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":45345,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":24376},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20969}]},"MarinMeasureB":{"id":"MarinMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Petaluma Joint Union High School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":132,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":62},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":70}]},"MarinMeasureC":{"id":"MarinMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Belvedere. Appropriation limit. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":870,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":679},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":191}]},"MarinMeasureD":{"id":"MarinMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Larkspur. Rent stabilization. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/measure-d","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":4955,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2573},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2382}]},"MarinMeasureE":{"id":"MarinMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Ross. Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/marin/measure-e","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":874,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":683},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":191}]},"MarinMeasureF":{"id":"MarinMeasureF","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure F","raceDescription":"San Anselmo. Flood Control and Water Conservation District. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":5193,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3083},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2110}]},"MarinMeasureG":{"id":"MarinMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Bel Marin Keys Community Services District. Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":830,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":661},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":169}]},"MarinMeasureH":{"id":"MarinMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Marinwood Community Services District. Appropriations limit, fire protection. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1738,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1369},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":369}]},"MarinMeasureI":{"id":"MarinMeasureI","type":"localRace","location":"Marin","raceName":"Measure I","raceDescription":"Marinwood Community Services District. Appropriations limit, parks. Passes with a majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:54 PM","dateUpdated":"March 27, 2024","totalVotes":1735,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1336},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":399}]},"NapaD2":{"id":"NapaD2","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":8351,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Liz Alessio","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6340},{"candidateName":"Doris Gentry","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2011}]},"NapaD4":{"id":"NapaD4","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/napa/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":7306,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Amber Manfree","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3913},{"candidateName":"Pete Mott","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3393}]},"NapaD5":{"id":"NapaD5","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/napa/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":5356,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mariam Aboudamous","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2379},{"candidateName":"Belia Ramos","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2977}]},"NapaMeasureD":{"id":"NapaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Howell Mountain Elementary School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":741,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":367},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":374}]},"NapaMeasureU":{"id":"NapaMeasureU","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure U","raceDescription":"Lake Berryessa Resort Improvement District. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":86,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":63},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23}]},"NapaMeasureU1":{"id":"NapaMeasureU1","type":"localRace","location":"Napa","raceName":"Measure U","raceDescription":"Yountville. Appropriations limit. Passes with majority vote. ","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"April 3, 2024","totalVotes":925,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":793},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":132}]},"SFJudge1":{"id":"SFJudge1","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Seat 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/superior-court-seat-1","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":202960,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Begert","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":124943},{"candidateName":"Chip Zecher","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":78017}]},"SFJudge13":{"id":"SFJudge13","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Seat 13","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/superior-court-seat-13","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":202386,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jean Myungjin Roland","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":90012},{"candidateName":"Patrick S. Thompson","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":112374}]},"SFPropA":{"id":"SFPropA","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition A","raceDescription":"Housing bond. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-a","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":225187,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":158497},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":66690}]},"SFPropB":{"id":"SFPropB","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition B","raceDescription":"Police staffing. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222954,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":61580},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":161374}]},"SFPropC":{"id":"SFPropC","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition C","raceDescription":"Transfer tax exemption. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":220349,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":116311},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":104038}]},"SFPropD":{"id":"SFPropD","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition D","raceDescription":"Ethics laws. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222615,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":198584},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":24031}]},"SFPropE":{"id":"SFPropE","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition E","raceDescription":"Police policies. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-e","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222817,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":120529},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":102288}]},"SFPropF":{"id":"SFPropF","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition F","raceDescription":"Drug screening. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanfrancisco/proposition-f","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":224004,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":130214},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":93790}]},"SFPropG":{"id":"SFPropG","type":"localRace","location":"San Francisco","raceName":"Proposition G","raceDescription":"Eighth-grade algebra. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:50 PM","dateUpdated":"March 21, 2024","totalVotes":222704,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":182066},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":40638}]},"SMJudge4":{"id":"SMJudge4","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":108919,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Sarah Burdick","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":108919}]},"SMD1":{"id":"SMD1","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanmateo/supervisor-1st-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":29650,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jackie Speier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":20353},{"candidateName":"Ann Schneider","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9297}]},"SMD4":{"id":"SMD4","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sanmateo/supervisor-4th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22725,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Antonio Lopez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5730},{"candidateName":"Lisa Gauthier","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10358},{"candidateName":"Celeste Brevard","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1268},{"candidateName":"Paul Bocanegra","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1909},{"candidateName":"Maggie Cornejo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3460}]},"SMD5":{"id":"SMD5","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":19937,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"David Canepa","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":19937}]},"SMMeasureB":{"id":"SMMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"County Service Area #1 (Highlands). Special tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":1549,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1360},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":189}]},"SMMeasureC":{"id":"SMMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Jefferson Elementary School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":12234,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8543},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3691}]},"SMMeasureE":{"id":"SMMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Woodside Elementary School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":1392,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":910},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":482}]},"SMMeasureG":{"id":"SMMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Pacifica School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":11548,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7067},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4481}]},"SMMeasureH":{"id":"SMMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"San Mateo","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"San Carlos School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:56 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":9938,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6283},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3655}]},"SCJudge5":{"id":"SCJudge5","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":301953,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Jay Boyarsky","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":142549},{"candidateName":"Nicole M. Ford","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":52147},{"candidateName":"Johnene Linda Stebbins","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":107257}]},"SCD2":{"id":"SCD2","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/supervisor-2nd-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":44059,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Corina Herrera-Loera","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10519},{"candidateName":"Jennifer Margaret Celaya","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2394},{"candidateName":"Madison Nguyen","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":12794},{"candidateName":"Betty Duong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14031},{"candidateName":"Nelson McElmurry","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4321}]},"SCD3":{"id":"SCD3","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":42549,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Otto Lee","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":42549}]},"SCD5":{"id":"SCD5","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/santaclara/supervisor-5th-district","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":88712,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Margaret Abe-Koga","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":37172},{"candidateName":"Sally J. Lieber","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":21962},{"candidateName":"Barry Chang","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6164},{"candidateName":"Peter C. Fung","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":17892},{"candidateName":"Sandy Sans","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5522}]},"SCSJMayor":{"id":"SCSJMayor","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José Mayor","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":167064,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Matt Mahan","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":144701},{"candidateName":"Tyrone Wade","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":22363}]},"SCSJD2":{"id":"SCSJD2","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14131,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Joe Lopez","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4950},{"candidateName":"Pamela Campos","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3436},{"candidateName":"Vanessa Sandoval","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2719},{"candidateName":"Babu Prasad","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3026}]},"SCSJD4":{"id":"SCSJD4","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14322,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Kansen Chu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5931},{"candidateName":"David Cohen","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8391}]},"SCSJD6":{"id":"SCSJD6","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 6","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22146,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Olivia Navarro","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6913},{"candidateName":"Alex Shoor","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3850},{"candidateName":"Angelo \"A.J.\" Pasciuti","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2688},{"candidateName":"Michael Mulcahy","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8695}]},"SCSJD8":{"id":"SCSJD8","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 8","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":21462,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Tam Truong","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6982},{"candidateName":"Domingo Candelas","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8466},{"candidateName":"Sukhdev Singh Bainiwal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5513},{"candidateName":"Surinder Kaur Dhaliwal","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":501}]},"SCSJD10":{"id":"SCSJD10","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"San José City Council, District 10","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top2","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":22799,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"George Casey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8805},{"candidateName":"Arjun Batra","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8354},{"candidateName":"Lenka Wright","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5640}]},"SCMeasureA":{"id":"SCMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Santa Clara. Appointed city clerk. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":20315,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6580},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":13735}]},"SCMeasureB":{"id":"SCMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Santa Clara. Appointed police chief. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":20567,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5680},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":14887}]},"SCMeasureC":{"id":"SCMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Santa Clara","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Sunnyvale School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:05 PM","dateUpdated":"April 4, 2024","totalVotes":14656,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10261},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4395}]},"SolanoD15":{"id":"SolanoD15","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Department 15","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":81709,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mike Thompson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":36844},{"candidateName":"Bryan J. Kim","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":44865}]},"SolanoD1":{"id":"SolanoD1","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/supervisor-1st-district","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":13786,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Michael Wilson","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6401},{"candidateName":"Cassandra James","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7385}]},"SolanoD2":{"id":"SolanoD2","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 2","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":19903,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Monica Brown","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10951},{"candidateName":"Nora Dizon","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3135},{"candidateName":"Rochelle Sherlock","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5817}]},"SolanoD5":{"id":"SolanoD5","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":17888,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Mitch Mashburn","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":11210},{"candidateName":"Chadwick J. Ledoux","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6678}]},"SolanoEducation":{"id":"SolanoEducation","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Sacramento County Board of Education","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":3650,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Heather Davis","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2960},{"candidateName":"Shazleen Khan","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":690}]},"SolanoMeasureA":{"id":"SolanoMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Benicia. Hotel tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/measure-a","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10136,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7869},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2267}]},"SolanoMeasureB":{"id":"SolanoMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Benicia. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/solano/measure-b","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10164,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7335},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":2829}]},"SolanoMeasureC":{"id":"SolanoMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Benicia Unified School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":10112,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6316},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3796}]},"SolanoMeasureN":{"id":"SolanoMeasureN","type":"localRace","location":"Solano","raceName":"Measure N","raceDescription":"Davis Joint Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"7:08 PM","dateUpdated":"March 28, 2024","totalVotes":15,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10}]},"SonomaJudge3":{"id":"SonomaJudge3","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":115405,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Kristine M. Burk","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":79498},{"candidateName":"Beki Berrey","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":35907}]},"SonomaJudge4":{"id":"SonomaJudge4","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 4","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":86789,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Paul J. Lozada","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":86789}]},"SonomaJudge6":{"id":"SonomaJudge6","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Superior Court Judge, Office 6","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":117990,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Omar Figueroa","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":42236},{"candidateName":"Kenneth English","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":75754}]},"SonomaD1":{"id":"SonomaD1","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 1","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":30348,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Rebecca Hermosillo","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23958},{"candidateName":"Jonathan Mathieu","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":6390}]},"SonomaD3":{"id":"SonomaD3","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 3","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sonoma/supervisor-3rd-district","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":16312,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Chris Coursey","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":11346},{"candidateName":"Omar Medina","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":4966}]},"SonomaD5":{"id":"SonomaD5","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Board of Supervisors, District 5","raceDescription":"Candidate with majority vote wins seat. If no candidate reaches majority, top two candidates advance to runoff in general election.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"top1","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":23356,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Lynda Hopkins","candidateIncumbent":true,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":23356}]},"SonomaMeasureA":{"id":"SonomaMeasureA","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure A","raceDescription":"Cotati-Rohnert Park Unified School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":13756,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":10320},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3436}]},"SonomaMeasureB":{"id":"SonomaMeasureB","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure B","raceDescription":"Petaluma Joint Union High School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":24877,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":15795},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":9082}]},"SonomaMeasureC":{"id":"SonomaMeasureC","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure C","raceDescription":"Fort Ross School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":286,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":159},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":127}]},"SonomaMeasureD":{"id":"SonomaMeasureD","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure D","raceDescription":"Harmony Union School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":1925,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":1089},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":836}]},"SonomaMeasureE":{"id":"SonomaMeasureE","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure E","raceDescription":"Petaluma City (Elementary) School District. Parcel tax. Passes with 2/3 vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":11133,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":7622},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":3511}]},"SonomaMeasureG":{"id":"SonomaMeasureG","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure G","raceDescription":"Rincon Valley Union School District. School bond. Passes with 55% vote.","raceReadTheStory":"","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":14577,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":8668},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":5909}]},"SonomaMeasureH":{"id":"SonomaMeasureH","type":"localRace","location":"Sonoma","raceName":"Measure H","raceDescription":"Sonoma County. Sales tax. Passes with majority vote.","raceReadTheStory":"https://www.kqed.org/elections/results/sonoma/measure-h","raceType":"yesNo","timeUpdated":"6:51 PM","dateUpdated":"March 29, 2024","totalVotes":145261,"candidates":[{"candidateName":"Yes","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":89646},{"candidateName":"No","candidateIncumbent":false,"candidateParty":"","voteCount":55615}]}},"radioSchedulesReducer":{},"listsReducer":{"posts/bayareabites?category=gardening-and-urban-farming":{"isFetching":false,"latestQuery":{"from":0,"postsToRender":9},"tag":null,"vitalsOnly":true,"totalRequested":9,"isLoading":false,"isLoadingMore":true,"total":{"value":178,"relation":"eq"},"items":["bayareabites_136244","bayareabites_135016","bayareabites_134729","bayareabites_134201","bayareabites_134043","bayareabites_133593","bayareabites_133354","bayareabites_130962","bayareabites_130703"]}},"recallGuideReducer":{"intros":{},"policy":{},"candidates":{}},"savedArticleReducer":{"articles":[],"status":{}},"pfsSessionReducer":{},"siteSettingsReducer":{},"subscriptionsReducer":{},"termsReducer":{"about":{"name":"About","type":"terms","id":"about","slug":"about","link":"/about","taxonomy":"site"},"arts":{"name":"Arts & Culture","grouping":["arts","pop","trulyca"],"description":"KQED Arts provides daily in-depth coverage of the Bay Area's music, art, film, performing arts, literature and arts news, as well as cultural commentary and criticism.","type":"terms","id":"arts","slug":"arts","link":"/arts","taxonomy":"site"},"artschool":{"name":"Art School","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"artschool","slug":"artschool","link":"/artschool","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareabites":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"bayareabites","slug":"bayareabites","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareahiphop":{"name":"Bay Area Hiphop","type":"terms","id":"bayareahiphop","slug":"bayareahiphop","link":"/bayareahiphop","taxonomy":"site"},"campaign21":{"name":"Campaign 21","type":"terms","id":"campaign21","slug":"campaign21","link":"/campaign21","taxonomy":"site"},"checkplease":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"checkplease","slug":"checkplease","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"education":{"name":"Education","grouping":["education"],"type":"terms","id":"education","slug":"education","link":"/education","taxonomy":"site"},"elections":{"name":"Elections","type":"terms","id":"elections","slug":"elections","link":"/elections","taxonomy":"site"},"events":{"name":"Events","type":"terms","id":"events","slug":"events","link":"/events","taxonomy":"site"},"event":{"name":"Event","alias":"events","type":"terms","id":"event","slug":"event","link":"/event","taxonomy":"site"},"filmschoolshorts":{"name":"Film School Shorts","type":"terms","id":"filmschoolshorts","slug":"filmschoolshorts","link":"/filmschoolshorts","taxonomy":"site"},"food":{"name":"KQED food","grouping":["food","bayareabites","checkplease"],"type":"terms","id":"food","slug":"food","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"forum":{"name":"Forum","relatedContentQuery":"posts/forum?","parent":"news","type":"terms","id":"forum","slug":"forum","link":"/forum","taxonomy":"site"},"futureofyou":{"name":"Future of You","grouping":["science","futureofyou"],"parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"futureofyou","slug":"futureofyou","link":"/futureofyou","taxonomy":"site"},"jpepinheart":{"name":"KQED food","relatedContentQuery":"posts/food,bayareabites,checkplease","parent":"food","type":"terms","id":"jpepinheart","slug":"jpepinheart","link":"/food","taxonomy":"site"},"liveblog":{"name":"Live Blog","type":"terms","id":"liveblog","slug":"liveblog","link":"/liveblog","taxonomy":"site"},"livetv":{"name":"Live TV","parent":"tv","type":"terms","id":"livetv","slug":"livetv","link":"/livetv","taxonomy":"site"},"lowdown":{"name":"The Lowdown","relatedContentQuery":"posts/lowdown?","parent":"news","type":"terms","id":"lowdown","slug":"lowdown","link":"/lowdown","taxonomy":"site"},"mindshift":{"name":"Mindshift","parent":"news","description":"MindShift explores the future of education by highlighting the innovative – and sometimes counterintuitive – ways educators and parents are helping all children succeed.","type":"terms","id":"mindshift","slug":"mindshift","link":"/mindshift","taxonomy":"site"},"news":{"name":"News","grouping":["news","forum"],"type":"terms","id":"news","slug":"news","link":"/news","taxonomy":"site"},"perspectives":{"name":"Perspectives","parent":"radio","type":"terms","id":"perspectives","slug":"perspectives","link":"/perspectives","taxonomy":"site"},"podcasts":{"name":"Podcasts","type":"terms","id":"podcasts","slug":"podcasts","link":"/podcasts","taxonomy":"site"},"pop":{"name":"Pop","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"pop","slug":"pop","link":"/pop","taxonomy":"site"},"pressroom":{"name":"Pressroom","type":"terms","id":"pressroom","slug":"pressroom","link":"/pressroom","taxonomy":"site"},"quest":{"name":"Quest","parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"quest","slug":"quest","link":"/quest","taxonomy":"site"},"radio":{"name":"Radio","grouping":["forum","perspectives"],"description":"Listen to KQED Public Radio – home of Forum and The California Report – on 88.5 FM in San Francisco, 89.3 FM in Sacramento, 88.3 FM in Santa Rosa and 88.1 FM in Martinez.","type":"terms","id":"radio","slug":"radio","link":"/radio","taxonomy":"site"},"root":{"name":"KQED","image":"https://ww2.kqed.org/app/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","imageWidth":1200,"imageHeight":630,"headData":{"title":"KQED | News, Radio, Podcasts, TV | Public Media for Northern California","description":"KQED provides public radio, television, and independent reporting on issues that matter to the Bay Area. We’re the NPR and PBS member station for Northern California."},"type":"terms","id":"root","slug":"root","link":"/root","taxonomy":"site"},"science":{"name":"Science","grouping":["science","futureofyou"],"description":"KQED Science brings you award-winning science and environment coverage from the Bay Area and beyond.","type":"terms","id":"science","slug":"science","link":"/science","taxonomy":"site"},"stateofhealth":{"name":"State of Health","parent":"science","type":"terms","id":"stateofhealth","slug":"stateofhealth","link":"/stateofhealth","taxonomy":"site"},"support":{"name":"Support","type":"terms","id":"support","slug":"support","link":"/support","taxonomy":"site"},"thedolist":{"name":"The Do List","parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"thedolist","slug":"thedolist","link":"/thedolist","taxonomy":"site"},"trulyca":{"name":"Truly CA","grouping":["arts","pop","trulyca"],"parent":"arts","type":"terms","id":"trulyca","slug":"trulyca","link":"/trulyca","taxonomy":"site"},"tv":{"name":"TV","type":"terms","id":"tv","slug":"tv","link":"/tv","taxonomy":"site"},"voterguide":{"name":"Voter Guide","parent":"elections","alias":"elections","type":"terms","id":"voterguide","slug":"voterguide","link":"/voterguide","taxonomy":"site"},"bayareabites_2554":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2554","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2554","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"gardening and urban farming","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"gardening and urban farming Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null,"imageData":{"ogImageSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png","width":1200,"height":630},"twImageSize":{"file":"https://cdn.kqed.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/KQED-OG-Image@1x.png"},"twitterCard":"summary_large_image"}},"ttid":1016,"slug":"gardening-and-urban-farming","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/gardening-and-urban-farming"},"bayareabites_109":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_109","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"109","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"bay area","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"bay area Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":73,"slug":"bay-area","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/bay-area"},"bayareabites_752":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_752","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"752","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"Bay Area Bites Food + Drink","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"Bay Area Bites Food + Drink Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1,"slug":"food-and-drink","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/food-and-drink"},"bayareabites_2254":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2254","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2254","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"books, magazines, newspapers","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"books, magazines, newspapers Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":11,"slug":"books-and-magazines","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/books-and-magazines"},"bayareabites_63":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_63","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"63","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"chefs","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"chefs Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":27,"slug":"chefs","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/chefs"},"bayareabites_588":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_588","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"588","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"cookbooks","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"cookbooks Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":76,"slug":"cookbooks","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/cookbooks"},"bayareabites_2695":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2695","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2695","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"cooking techniques and tips","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"cooking techniques and tips Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1905,"slug":"cooking-techniques-and-tips","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/cooking-techniques-and-tips"},"bayareabites_8770":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_8770","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"8770","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"east bay","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"east bay Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":7634,"slug":"east-bay","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/east-bay"},"bayareabites_2407":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2407","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2407","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"food art, writing, music, dance","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"food art, writing, music, dance Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":941,"slug":"food-art-writing-music","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/food-art-writing-music"},"bayareabites_2090":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2090","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2090","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"food history and celebrities","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"food history and celebrities Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1561,"slug":"food-history-and-celebrities","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/food-history-and-celebrities"},"bayareabites_10028":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_10028","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"10028","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"food news","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"food news Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":8301,"slug":"food-news","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/food-news"},"bayareabites_366":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_366","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"366","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"oakland","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"oakland Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":7635,"slug":"oakland","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/oakland"},"bayareabites_90":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_90","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"90","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"san francisco","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"san francisco Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":54,"slug":"san-francisco","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/san-francisco"},"bayareabites_1931":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_1931","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"1931","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"beans","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"beans Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1473,"slug":"beans","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/beans"},"bayareabites_9094":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_9094","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"9094","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"bryant terry","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"bryant terry Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":3548,"slug":"bryant-terry","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/bryant-terry"},"bayareabites_112":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_112","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"112","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"cookbook","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"cookbook Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":786,"slug":"cookbook","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/cookbook"},"bayareabites_9710":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_9710","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"9710","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"featured","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"featured Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":4164,"slug":"featured","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/featured"},"bayareabites_236":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_236","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"236","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"rancho gordo","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"rancho gordo Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":201,"slug":"rancho-gordo","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/rancho-gordo"},"bayareabites_15850":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_15850","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"15850","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"Red Bay Coffee","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"Red Bay Coffee Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":100180,"slug":"red-bay-coffee","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/red-bay-coffee"},"bayareabites_1871":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_1871","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"1871","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"vegan","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"vegan Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1450,"slug":"vegan","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/vegan"},"bayareabites_16399":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_16399","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"16399","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"vegan recipes","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"vegan recipes Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":100729,"slug":"vegan-recipes","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/vegan-recipes"},"bayareabites_13718":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_13718","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"13718","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"Civil Eats","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"Civil Eats Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":8190,"slug":"civil-eats","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/civil-eats"},"bayareabites_1874":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_1874","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"1874","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"farmers and farms","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"farmers and farms Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1452,"slug":"farmers-farmers-markets","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/farmers-farmers-markets"},"bayareabites_2035":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2035","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2035","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"politics, activism, food safety","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"politics, activism, food safety Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":943,"slug":"politics-activism-food-safety","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/politics-activism-food-safety"},"bayareabites_60":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_60","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"60","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"sustainability, environment, climate change","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"sustainability, environment, climate change Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":23,"slug":"sustainability","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/sustainability"},"bayareabites_16478":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_16478","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"16478","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"cline cellars","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"cline cellars Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":100808,"slug":"cline-cellars","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/cline-cellars"},"bayareabites_12282":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_12282","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"12282","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"dry farming","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"dry farming Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":6744,"slug":"dry-farming","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/dry-farming"},"bayareabites_14748":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_14748","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"14748","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"wine","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"wine Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":930,"slug":"wine","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/wine"},"bayareabites_12276":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_12276","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"12276","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"CUESA","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"CUESA Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":6738,"slug":"cuesa","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/cuesa"},"bayareabites_95":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_95","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"95","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"farmers markets","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"farmers markets Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":59,"slug":"farmers-markets","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/farmers-markets"},"bayareabites_1245":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_1245","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"1245","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"health and nutrition","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"health and nutrition Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1078,"slug":"health-and-nutrition","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/health-and-nutrition"},"bayareabites_358":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_358","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"358","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"science","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"science Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":7943,"slug":"science","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/science"},"bayareabites_237":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_237","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"237","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"cuesa","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"cuesa Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":202,"slug":"cuesa","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/cuesa"},"bayareabites_2172":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2172","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2172","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"farmers market","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"farmers market Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1621,"slug":"farmers-market","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/farmers-market"},"bayareabites_14080":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_14080","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"14080","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"non-GMO","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"non-GMO Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":8555,"slug":"non-gmo","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/non-gmo"},"bayareabites_13274":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_13274","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"13274","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"organic food","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"organic food Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":7741,"slug":"organic-food","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/organic-food"},"bayareabites_11028":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_11028","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"11028","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"food art","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"food art Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":7736,"slug":"food-art","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/food-art"},"bayareabites_10916":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_10916","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"10916","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"NPR food","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"NPR food Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":5375,"slug":"npr-food","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/npr-food"},"bayareabites_1873":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_1873","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"1873","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"vegetarian and vegan","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"vegetarian and vegan Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1451,"slug":"vegetarian-and-vegan","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/vegetarian-and-vegan"},"bayareabites_16272":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_16272","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"16272","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"npr food","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"npr food Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":100602,"slug":"npr-food","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/npr-food"},"bayareabites_449":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_449","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"449","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"nutrition","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"nutrition Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":414,"slug":"nutrition","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/nutrition"},"bayareabites_14756":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_14756","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"14756","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"science","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"science Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":323,"slug":"science","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/science"},"bayareabites_108":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_108","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"108","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"vegetarian","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"vegetarian Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":72,"slug":"vegetarian","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/vegetarian"},"bayareabites_13746":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_13746","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"13746","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"guides","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"guides Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":8219,"slug":"guides-2","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/guides-2"},"bayareabites_3682":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_3682","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"3682","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"summer recipes","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"summer recipes Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":2433,"slug":"summer-recipes","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/summer-recipes"},"bayareabites_2371":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_2371","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"2371","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"summer squash","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"summer squash Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":1761,"slug":"summer-squash","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/summer-squash"},"bayareabites_16288":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_16288","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"16288","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"vegetarian recipes","description":null,"taxonomy":"tag","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"vegetarian recipes Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":100618,"slug":"vegetarian-recipes","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/tag/vegetarian-recipes"},"bayareabites_4084":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_4084","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"4084","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"food trends and technology","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"food trends and technology Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":2573,"slug":"food-and-technology","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/food-and-technology"},"bayareabites_119":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_119","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"119","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"wine","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"wine Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":83,"slug":"wine","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/wine"},"bayareabites_15155":{"type":"terms","id":"bayareabites_15155","meta":{"index":"terms_1716263798","site":"bayareabites","id":"15155","found":true},"relationships":{},"included":{},"featImg":null,"name":"north bay","description":null,"taxonomy":"category","headData":{"twImgId":null,"twTitle":null,"ogTitle":null,"ogImgId":null,"twDescription":null,"description":null,"title":"north bay Archives | KQED Bay Area Bites","ogDescription":null},"ttid":99485,"slug":"north-bay","isLoading":false,"link":"/bayareabites/category/north-bay"}},"userAgentReducer":{"userAgent":"CCBot/2.0 (https://commoncrawl.org/faq/)","isBot":true},"userPermissionsReducer":{"wpLoggedIn":false},"localStorageReducer":{},"browserHistoryReducer":[],"eventsReducer":{},"fssReducer":{},"tvDailyScheduleReducer":{},"tvWeeklyScheduleReducer":{},"tvPrimetimeScheduleReducer":{},"tvMonthlyScheduleReducer":{},"userAccountReducer":{"user":{"email":null,"emailStatus":"EMAIL_UNVALIDATED","loggedStatus":"LOGGED_OUT","articles":[]},"authModal":{"isOpen":false,"view":"LANDING_VIEW"},"error":null},"youthMediaReducer":{},"checkPleaseReducer":{"filterData":{},"restaurantData":[]},"reframeReducer":{"attendee":null},"location":{"pathname":"/bayareabites/category/gardening-and-urban-farming","previousPathname":"/"}}
